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905923 | Impositions | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Impositions | Impositions
Impositions
The Crown of England traditionally exercised the right to impose import duties for the regulation of trade and the protection of domestic industry. New impositions of this kind were imposed by Elizabeth I on currants and tobacco (1601) and extended by King James I to most imports (1608) after a favourable ruling in Bates' Case (1606). John Bates was a merchant from the Levant Company who refused to pay the import duty on currants, this was taken to the Court of the Exchequer, he lost and so impositions were extended giving the treasury a "windfall".
In the face of Parliament's angry protests in 1610, the tax was amended to ensure that the greatest impact fell on foreign merchants.
Impositions | 18,800 |
905923 | Impositions | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Impositions | Impositions
fused to pay the import duty on currants, this was taken to the Court of the Exchequer, he lost and so impositions were extended giving the treasury a "windfall".
In the face of Parliament's angry protests in 1610, the tax was amended to ensure that the greatest impact fell on foreign merchants.
Impositions were among the prerogative rights that King James I was to give up under the Great Contract of 1610, as drawn up by Lord Treasurer Robert Cecil, then Lord Salisbury, in return for an immediate sum to pay off Royal debt and an annual subsidy that would greatly increase income. However negotiations fell through, mainly because both sides kept changing what they wanted out of the Contract. | 18,801 |
905926 | Volo di notte | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Volo%20di%20notte | Volo di notte
Volo di notte
Volo di notte ("Night Flight") is a one-act opera composed by Luigi Dallapiccola to an Italian libretto he wrote based on the novel "Vol de nuit" by Antoine de Saint-Exupéry. It was first performed at the Teatro della Pergola in Florence on May 18, 1940.
The opera emphasizes individual suffering and was written as a response to the rise of fascism.
# Roles.
- First employee (tenor)
- Second employee (baritone)
- Third employee (tenor)
- Fourth employee (baritone)
- Leroux, "a pilot" (bass)
- Pellerin, "a pilot" (tenor)
- Radio operator (tenor)
- Rivière, "the airfield director" (bass-baritone)
- Robineau, "an inspector" (bass)
- Simona Fabien, "wife of a pilot" (mezzo-soprano)
# | 18,802 |
905926 | Volo di notte | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Volo%20di%20notte | Volo di notte
ascism.
# Roles.
- First employee (tenor)
- Second employee (baritone)
- Third employee (tenor)
- Fourth employee (baritone)
- Leroux, "a pilot" (bass)
- Pellerin, "a pilot" (tenor)
- Radio operator (tenor)
- Rivière, "the airfield director" (bass-baritone)
- Robineau, "an inspector" (bass)
- Simona Fabien, "wife of a pilot" (mezzo-soprano)
# Synopsis.
The subject is an individual aviator, an Argentine long-distance mail carrier, during the early days of flying. He is caught in a storm, with no way to land. The ensuing drama occurs both within his family, anxious for his safe return, and among his employers, concerned both for his safe return and the success of their enterprise. | 18,803 |
905870 | Dilly Knox | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dilly%20Knox | Dilly Knox
Dilly Knox
Alfred Dillwyn "Dilly" Knox, CMG (23 July 1884 – 27 February 1943) was a British classics scholar and papyrologist at King's College, Cambridge and a codebreaker. As a member of the Room 40 codebreaking unit he helped decrypt the Zimmermann Telegram which brought the USA into the First World War. He joined the Government Code and Cypher School (GC&CS) at the war's end.
As Chief Cryptographer, Knox played an important role in the Polish-French-British meetings on the eve of the Second World War which disclosed Polish cryptanalysis of the Axis Enigma to the Allies.
At Bletchley Park he worked on the cryptanalysis of Enigma ciphers until his death in 1943. He built the team and discovered | 18,804 |
905870 | Dilly Knox | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dilly%20Knox | Dilly Knox
the method that broke the Italian Naval Enigma, producing the intelligence credited with Allied victory at the Battle of Cape Matapan. In 1941 Knox broke the Abwehr Enigma. By the end of the war, Intelligence Service Knox had disseminated 140,800 Abwehr decrypts, including intelligence important for D-Day.
# Personal life and family.
Dillwyn Knox, the fourth of six children, was the son of Edmund Knox, tutor at Merton College and later Bishop of Manchester; he was the brother of E. V. Knox, Wilfred Knox and Ronald Knox, and uncle of the novelist Penelope Fitzgerald. His father was a descendant of John Arbuthnott, 8th Viscount of Arbuthnott.
Dillwyn—known as "Dilly"—Knox was educated at Summer | 18,805 |
905870 | Dilly Knox | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dilly%20Knox | Dilly Knox
Fields School, Oxford, and then Eton College. He studied classics at King's College, Cambridge from 1903, and in 1909 was elected a Fellow following the death of Walter Headlam, from whom he inherited extensive research into the works of Herodas. While an undergraduate he was friends with Lytton Strachey and John Maynard Keynes. He and Keynes were lovers at Eton. Knox privately coached Harold Macmillan, the future Prime Minister at King's for a few weeks in 1910, but Macmillan found him "austere and uncongenial".
He married Olive Rodman in 1920, forgetting to invite two of his three brothers to his wedding. The couple had two sons, Oliver and Christopher.
He was an atheist.
# Academic scholarship.
Between | 18,806 |
905870 | Dilly Knox | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dilly%20Knox | Dilly Knox
the two World Wars Knox worked on the great commentary on Herodas that had been started by Headlam, damaging his eyesight while studying the British Museum's collection of papyrus fragments, but finally managing to decipher the text of the Herodas papyri. The Knox-Headlam edition of Herodas finally appeared in 1922.
# Codebreaking.
## World War I.
Soon after World War I broke out in 1914, Knox was recruited to the Royal Navy's cryptological effort in Room 40 of the Admiralty Old Building, where some of his best work is said to have been done in the bath (in Room 53). In 1917, Knox followed Room 40 with its expansion into ID25.
Among other tasks, he was involved in breaking:
- the Zimmermann | 18,807 |
905870 | Dilly Knox | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dilly%20Knox | Dilly Knox
Telegram which brought the USA into the war.
- much of the German admiral's flag code by exploiting an operator's love of romantic poetry.
## Between WW1 and WW2.
### Government Code and Cypher School.
During World War I he had been elected Librarian at King's College, but never took up the appointment. After the war Knox intended to resume his research at King’s, but was persuaded by his wife to remain at his secret work; indeed, so secret was this work that his own children had no idea, until many years after his death, what he did for a living, and his contribution to the war effort.
### Commercial Enigma.
The Enigma machine became available commercially in the 1920s. In Vienna in 1925, | 18,808 |
905870 | Dilly Knox | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dilly%20Knox | Dilly Knox
Knox bought the Enigma 'C' machine evaluated by Hugh Foss in 1927 on behalf of GC&CS. Foss found "a high degree of security" but wrote a secret paper describing how to attack the machine if "cribs" — short sections of plain text — could be guessed. When — a decade later — Knox picked up this work, he developed a more effective algebraic system ("rodding") based on the principles described by Foss.
### Spanish Enigma.
Germany Navy adopted Enigma in 1926, adding a plug-board ('stecker') to improve security. Nazi Germany supplied non-steckered machines to Franco's Nationalists in the Spanish Civil War. On 24 April 1937, Knox broke Franco's Enigma but knowledge of this breakthrough was not shared | 18,809 |
905870 | Dilly Knox | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dilly%20Knox | Dilly Knox
with the Republicans. Soon afterwards, Knox began to attack signals between Spain and Germany encrypted using steckered Enigma machines.
### On the eve of World War II.
#### Polish-French-British meetings.
GC&CS began to discuss Enigma with France's Deuxième Bureau in 1938, obtaining from the Bureau details of Wehrmacht Enigma supplied by Asché and signal intercepts, some of which must have been made in Eastern Europe. This led the French to disclose their links with Polish cryptographers. Knox, Hugh Foss and Alastair Denniston represented GS&CS at the first Polish-French-British meeting at Paris in January 1939. The Poles were under order to disclose nothing of importance at this time, leaving | 18,810 |
905870 | Dilly Knox | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dilly%20Knox | Dilly Knox
the British codebreakers disappointed. However Knox's description of his system of rodding impressed the Polish codebreakers, and they requested his presence at a second meeting.
Knox attended the second Polish-French-British conference, held on 25–26 July 1939 at the Polish Cipher Bureau facility (at Pyry, south of Warsaw, Poland). Here, the Poles began to disclose to their French and British allies their achievements in solving Enigma decryption.
Although Marian Rejewski, the Polish cryptographer and mathematician who solved the plugboard-equipped Enigma used by Nazi Germany, approached the problem through permutation theory (whereas Knox applied linguistics) a good personal relationship | 18,811 |
905870 | Dilly Knox | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dilly%20Knox | Dilly Knox
was quickly established at the conference. The good impression made by Rejewski on Knox played an important role in increasing recruitment of mathematicians to Bletchley Park. Knox was chagrined — but grateful — to learn how simple was the solution of the Enigma's entry ring (standard alphabetical order).
After the meeting, he sent the Polish cryptologists a very gracious note in Polish, on official British government stationery, thanking them for their assistance and sending "sincere thanks for your cooperation and patience". Enclosed were a beautiful scarf featuring a picture of a Derby winner and a set of paper 'batons'.
These 'batons' were known as rods to the British and had been used | 18,812 |
905870 | Dilly Knox | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dilly%20Knox | Dilly Knox
to solve the Spanish Enigma. Knox's rodding method was later used to break the Italian Naval Enigma.
#### Turing's bombe.
Alan Turing worked on Enigma during the months leading to the outbreak of the Second World War in September 1939, and occasionally visited GC&CS's London HQ to discuss this problem with Knox.
In the 1939 register Turing was recorded in Naphill, staying with Knox and his wife.
By November 1939 Turing had completed the design of the bombe — a radical improvement of the Polish bomba.
## World War II.
### Knox's rodding method.
To break non-steckered Enigma machines (those without a plugboard), Knox (building on earlier research by Hugh Foss) developed a system known as | 18,813 |
905870 | Dilly Knox | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dilly%20Knox | Dilly Knox
'rodding', a linguistic as opposed to mathematical way of breaking codes. This technique worked on the Enigma used by the Italian Navy and the German Abwehr. Knox worked in 'the Cottage', next door to the Bletchley Park mansion, as head of a research section, which contributed significantly to cryptanalysis of the Enigma.
Knox's team at "The Cottage" used rodding to decrypt intercepted Italian naval signals describing the sailing of an Italian battle fleet, leading to the Battle of Cape Matapan in March 1941. Admiral John Godfrey, Director of Naval Intelligence credited the Allied victory at Matapan to this intelligence; Admiral Sir Andrew Cunningham, who had commanded the victorious fleet | 18,814 |
905870 | Dilly Knox | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dilly%20Knox | Dilly Knox
at Matapan, went to Bletchley to personally congratulate 'Dilly and his girls'.
### Intelligence Services Knox.
In October 1941, Knox solved the Abwehr Enigma. Intelligence Services Knox (ISK) was established to decrypt Abwehr communications.In early 1942, with Knox seriously ill, Peter Twinn took charge of running ISK and was appointed head after Knox's death. By the end of the war, ISK had decrypted and disseminated 140,800 messages.
Intelligence gained from these Abwehr decrypts played an important part in ensuring the success of Double-Cross operations by MI5 and MI6, and in Operation Fortitude, the Allied campaign to deceive the Germans about D-Day.
### Death.
Knox's work was cut short | 18,815 |
905870 | Dilly Knox | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dilly%20Knox | Dilly Knox
when he fell ill with lymphoma. When he became unable to travel to Bletchley Park, he continued his cryptographic work from his home in Hughenden, Buckinghamshire, where he received the CMG. He died on 27 February 1943. A biography of Knox, written by Mavis Batey, one of 'Dilly's girls', the female codebreakers who worked with him, was published in September 2009.
# Classified poetry.
Knox celebrated the victory at Battle of Cape Matapan with poetry, which remained classified until 1978.
# Portrayals in fiction.
Knox is shown recruiting Alan Turing to Bletchley Park in Hugh Whitemore's play, "Breaking the Code" (1986). In the 1996 television film, he is portrayed by Richard Johnson.
# References.
- | 18,816 |
905870 | Dilly Knox | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dilly%20Knox | Dilly Knox
Code" (1986). In the 1996 television film, he is portrayed by Richard Johnson.
# References.
- (Updated and extended version of "Action This Day: From Breaking of the Enigma Code to the Birth of the Modern Computer" Bantam Press 2001)
- (Updated and extended version of "Action This Day: From Breaking of the Enigma Code to the Birth of the Modern Computer" Bantam Press 2001)
- (Updated and extended version of "Action This Day: From Breaking of the Enigma Code to the Birth of the Modern Computer" Bantam Press 2001)
- (Updated and extended version of "Action This Day: From Breaking of the Enigma Code to the Birth of the Modern Computer" Bantam Press 2001)
# Further reading.
- Biographies | 18,817 |
905911 | Europeras | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Europeras | Europeras
Europeras
Europeras is a series of five operas by the composer John Cage. Cage explained the punning title thus: "For two hundred years the Europeans have been sending us their operas. Now I'm sending them back."
# Europeras I and II.
Europeras I and II were premiered by the Frankfurt Opera in December 1987 after a delay caused by fire; both call on the full resources of the house and apply the technique of indeterminacy to plot, stage directions, lighting, costuming, props, and sets, as well as to the music, drawn from fragments of the 18th and 19th century repertoire and intermittently drowned out by a taped Opera Mix, "as if you were shouting to someone on the opposite side of the street | 18,818 |
905911 | Europeras | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Europeras | Europeras
and a large truck passes by."
The libretto, in twenty-four scenarios, likewise juxtaposes traditional operatic episodes: the libretto begins "Dressed as an Irish princess, he gives birth; they plot to overthrow the French." The area of the stage is divided into 64 quadrants corresponding to the I Ching and the nineteen singers share the space with dancers. Cage said "What I wanted to do was to have the programs such that if twelve people were sitting in a row each one would be looking at a different opera." There is no conductor; performers are instead guided by large projections of a digital clock according to strict time intervals. Cage even went so far as to hand out two separate sets of | 18,819 |
905911 | Europeras | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Europeras | Europeras
librettos to the audience at the premiere, themselves culled from previous operatic works.
No recordings have yet been released of "Europeras I and II."
# Europeras III and IV.
Europeras III and IV were commissioned by the Almeida Festival in London and premiered in 1990, subsequently touring. Both prominently feature gramophones, the former in combination with two pianists (replacing the orchestra). The latter is a chamber piece for singer, gramophone and table lamp.
Mode Records issued a 2-CD set of "Europeras III and IV" in 1995: catalog # 37/38.
# Europera V.
The 60' Europera V, a commission of Yvar Mikhashoff for pianist, two singers, lighting and tape, premiered May 21, 1991 in Amsterdam. | 18,820 |
905911 | Europeras | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Europeras | Europeras
tter is a chamber piece for singer, gramophone and table lamp.
Mode Records issued a 2-CD set of "Europeras III and IV" in 1995: catalog # 37/38.
# Europera V.
The 60' Europera V, a commission of Yvar Mikhashoff for pianist, two singers, lighting and tape, premiered May 21, 1991 in Amsterdam. The production in the garden of the Museum of Modern Art in New York was the last performance attended by Cage before his death on August 12, 1992.
Mode Records issued a CD of 'Europera V" in 1994: catalog #36.
# Sources.
- Revill, David. 1993. "The Roaring Silence: John Cage – a Life". Arcade Publishing. ,
# External links.
- John Cage's "Europeras": A Light- and Soundscape As Musical Manifesto | 18,821 |
905899 | Bobby Bonilla | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bobby%20Bonilla | Bobby Bonilla
Bobby Bonilla
Roberto Martin Antonio Bonilla (, born February 23, 1963) is a former player in Major League Baseball of Puerto Rican descent who played in the major leagues from 1986 to 2001.
Through his 16 years in professional baseball, Bonilla accumulated a .279 batting average, with a .358 on-base percentage and a .472 slugging. He was on the Florida Marlins team that won the 1997 World Series. Bonilla led the league in extra base hits (78) during the 1990 MLB season and doubles (44) during the 1991 MLB season. He also participated in six MLB All-Star Games and won three Silver Slugger Awards.
From 1992 to 1994, Bonilla was the highest-paid player in the major leagues, earning more than | 18,822 |
905899 | Bobby Bonilla | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bobby%20Bonilla | Bobby Bonilla
$6 million per year. Since 2011, he has been paid approximately $1.19 million by the New York Mets each year and is the poster boy for the mutually beneficial practice among major league teams for deferring contractual payments until well after the player has retired. The payments come every July 1, which some media members refer to as "Bobby Bonilla Day". This was part of a deal made when the Mets released Bonilla before the 2000 season while still owing him $5.9 million for the final year of his contract. The deal expires in 2035, at which point Bonilla will have been paid $29.8 million for a season in which he did not even play for the Mets.
# Playing career.
Bonilla played baseball at | 18,823 |
905899 | Bobby Bonilla | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bobby%20Bonilla | Bobby Bonilla
Herbert H. Lehman High School in the Bronx and graduated in 1981. He was not selected in the 1981 Major League Baseball draft and spent a semester at New York Institute of Technology in Old Westbury, New York pursuing a degree in computer science. He was signed by the Pittsburgh Pirates after being spotted by scout Syd Thrift at a baseball camp in Europe.
His rise through the Pirates' farm system came to a halt during spring training in 1985 when he broke his right leg in a collision with teammate Bip Roberts. The Chicago White Sox then acquired him through the Rule 5 draft during the 1985–86 offseason, and Bonilla made his major league debut with the White Sox at the start of the 1986 season. | 18,824 |
905899 | Bobby Bonilla | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bobby%20Bonilla | Bobby Bonilla
Thrift, then the Pirates' general manager, reacquired the unhappy Bonilla in exchange for pitcher José DeLeón later that year. Bonilla also played from 1984 to 1988 with the Mayagüez Indians of the Puerto Rican Winter League.
## Pittsburgh Pirates.
Bonilla became the Pirates' starting third baseman in 1987, but after committing 67 errors over his next two seasons, manager Jim Leyland moved him to right field. There he formed a formidable combination alongside stars Barry Bonds and Andy Van Slyke and helped propel the Pittsburgh Pirates to two of their three straight National League Eastern Division titles from 1990 to 1992.
From 1986 to 1991, Bonilla had a .284 batting average, with 868 hits, | 18,825 |
905899 | Bobby Bonilla | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bobby%20Bonilla | Bobby Bonilla
191 doubles, 114 home runs, and 500 runs batted in (RBIs). He led the league in extra base hits in 1990, and in doubles in 1991. Bonilla also made the All-Star team four years in a row. On October 28, 1991, he became a free agent.
## New York Mets.
Bonilla became the highest-paid player in the National League at the time when he signed a 5-year, $29 million contract ($ today) with the New York Mets on December 2, 1991. However, his offensive production diminished somewhat, finishing with a .278 batting average, 91 home runs, and 277 runs batted in during his three-and-a-half-year tenure with the Mets. Despite this, Bonilla ended up participating in two more All-Star Games (1993 and 1995).
Bonilla's | 18,826 |
905899 | Bobby Bonilla | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bobby%20Bonilla | Bobby Bonilla
time with the Mets was most noted for his contentious relationship with the New York baseball media. In his introductory press conference after signing with the organization, he challenged them by stating, “I know you all are gonna try, but you’re not gonna be able to wipe the smile off my face.” A number of incidents followed, such as threatening sportswriter Bob Klapisch that he would "show him the Bronx" in response to his book on the 1992 Mets, "The Worst Team Money Could Buy: The Collapse Of The New York Mets" (). On another occasion, he called the press box during a game to complain about an error that he was charged with.
## Baltimore Orioles.
Bonilla was acquired along with a player | 18,827 |
905899 | Bobby Bonilla | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bobby%20Bonilla | Bobby Bonilla
to be named later (Jimmy Williams on August 16) by the Baltimore Orioles from the Mets in exchange for Damon Buford and Alex Ochoa on July 28, 1995, and helped the Orioles to the American League Championship Series in 1996.
## Florida Marlins.
Following the 1996 season, Bonilla was once again granted free agency, and signed with the Florida Marlins, reuniting with his old manager, Jim Leyland, where he helped the Marlins win the 1997 World Series. He returned to the Marlins for the 1998 season and batted .278 through 18 games.
## Los Angeles Dodgers.
On May 14, 1998, Bonilla was traded to the Los Angeles Dodgers, along with Manuel Barrios, Jim Eisenreich, Charles Johnson, and Gary Sheffield, | 18,828 |
905899 | Bobby Bonilla | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bobby%20Bonilla | Bobby Bonilla
in exchange for Mike Piazza and Todd Zeile. Bonilla spent the rest of the 1998 season with the Dodgers, batting .237, with seven home runs and 30 runs batted in.
## Back to the Mets.
In November 1998, the New York Mets reacquired Bonilla from the Los Angeles Dodgers in exchange for Mel Rojas. Again, his level of play did not measure up to expectations and he had numerous clashes with manager Bobby Valentine over lack of playing time. His tenure in New York culminated in an incident during the sixth game of the 1999 NLCS during which the Mets were eliminated by the Braves in 11-innings while Bonilla reportedly sat in the clubhouse playing cards with teammate Rickey Henderson.
After his subpar | 18,829 |
905899 | Bobby Bonilla | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bobby%20Bonilla | Bobby Bonilla
1999 season, the Mets released Bonilla, but still owed him $5.9 million. Bonilla and his agent offered the Mets a deal: Bonilla would defer payment for a decade, and the Mets would pay him an annual paycheck of $1.19 million starting in 2011 and ending in 2035, adding up to a total payout of $29.8 million. Mets owner Fred Wilpon accepted the deal mostly because he was heavily invested with Ponzi scheme operator Bernie Madoff, and the 10 percent returns he thought he was getting on his investments with Madoff outweighed the eight percent interest the Mets would be paying on Bonilla's initial $5.9 million. As a result, the payout was a subject of inquiry during the Madoff investment scandal investigation | 18,830 |
905899 | Bobby Bonilla | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bobby%20Bonilla | Bobby Bonilla
when it came to light in 2008.
## Atlanta Braves.
Bonilla signed with the Braves in 2000 and played a mostly uneventful 114 games for them. He achieved his highest batting average (.255) since the 1997 season, although he hit only five home runs, a far cry from his career high of 34.
## St. Louis Cardinals.
In 2001, he was signed by the St. Louis Cardinals, but injuries reduced his playing time. He played his final game on October 7, 2001 and finished the season with a .213 average, 37 hits, five home runs, and 21 runs batted in. He retired after the season finished citing "injuries and reduced playing time" as the main reason for his decision.
Overall, Bonilla finished his career with | 18,831 |
905899 | Bobby Bonilla | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bobby%20Bonilla | Bobby Bonilla
one championship, six All-Star appearances, 2,010 hits, 287 home runs, 1,173 runs batted in, and a career .279 batting average.
# Personal life.
Bonilla met Madiglia "Millie" Bonilla at Herbert Lehman High School in The Bronx. They married in the late 1980s and had two children together. He and his wife divorced in 2009.
## Charity.
In February 1992, Bonilla and his wife Millie started the Bobby and Millie Bonilla Public School Fund with $35,000. The fund benefits different schools attended by Bonilla and his wife, by contributing $500 for every run he batted in for the Mets. Bonilla also participated in other charity events, like the Players Trust All-Star Golf Tournament, organized by | 18,832 |
905899 | Bobby Bonilla | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bobby%20Bonilla | Bobby Bonilla
he Bobby and Millie Bonilla Public School Fund with $35,000. The fund benefits different schools attended by Bonilla and his wife, by contributing $500 for every run he batted in for the Mets. Bonilla also participated in other charity events, like the Players Trust All-Star Golf Tournament, organized by Dave Winfield and Joe Mauer in 2014.
# See also.
- List of Major League Baseball career home run leaders
- List of Major League Baseball career hits leaders
- List of Major League Baseball career doubles leaders
- List of Major League Baseball career runs scored leaders
- List of Major League Baseball career runs batted in leaders
- List of Major League Baseball annual doubles leaders | 18,833 |
905941 | The Royal Book of Oz | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20Royal%20Book%20of%20Oz | The Royal Book of Oz
The Royal Book of Oz
The Royal Book of Oz (1921) is the fifteenth in the series of Oz books, and the first, by Ruth Plumly Thompson, to be written after L. Frank Baum's death. Although Baum was credited as the author, it was written entirely by Thompson. Beginning in the 1980s, some editions have correctly credited Thompson, although the cover of the 2001 edition by Dover Publications credits only Baum. The original introduction claimed that the book was based on notes by Baum, but this has been disproved. Baum's surviving notes, known as "An Oz Book" are known from four typewritten pages found at his publisher's, but their authenticity as Baum's work has been disputed. Even if genuine, they | 18,834 |
905941 | The Royal Book of Oz | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20Royal%20Book%20of%20Oz | The Royal Book of Oz
bear no resemblance to Thompson's book.
# Plot summary.
The Scarecrow is upset when Professor Woggle-bug tells him that he has no family, so he goes back to the corn-field where Dorothy Gale found him to trace his "roots." When he fails to return, Dorothy and the Cowardly Lion set out to search for him. They meet an elderly knight, Sir Hokus of Pokes. They also meet the Doubtful Dromedary and the Comfortable Camel. Together, they have several curious adventures while searching for the Scarecrow.
In this novel the Scarecrow discovers that, in a previous incarnation, he was human. More specifically, he was the Emperor of the Silver Islands, a kingdom located deep underground beneath the Munchkin | 18,835 |
905941 | The Royal Book of Oz | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20Royal%20Book%20of%20Oz | The Royal Book of Oz
region of Oz, inhabited by people who resemble Chinamen. When Dorothy first discovered the Scarecrow (in "The Wonderful Wizard of Oz") he was hanging from a beanpole in a cornfield; it now develops that this pole descends deep underground to the Silver Islands. The Emperor of the Silver Islands had been transformed into a crocus by an enemy magician; this magical crocus had sprouted and grown into the beanpole all the way up to the surface of the earth. When the farmer placed his scarecrow on the beanpole, the spirit of the transformed Emperor entered the Scarecrow's body, causing him to come to life.
The Scarecrow digs at the base of the beanpole and slides down the beanpole to the Silver | 18,836 |
905941 | The Royal Book of Oz | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20Royal%20Book%20of%20Oz | The Royal Book of Oz
Islands. The islanders hail him as the Emperor, returned to save his people. After spending some time in his former kingdom ruling the quarrelsome Silver Islanders, the Scarecrow decides to return to Oz and continue his carefree existence there. The islanders, however, are reluctant to let him go, and plot to change him back into his human form, an 85-year-old man. Dorothy and her party reach the Silver Islands, rescue the Scarecrow from the islanders, and accompany him back to the Emerald City. Sir Hokus, the Comfortable Camel, and the Doubtful Dromedary become residents of the Emerald City.
Sir Hokus and the Comfortable Camel return as principal characters in "The Yellow Knight of Oz".
# | 18,837 |
905941 | The Royal Book of Oz | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20Royal%20Book%20of%20Oz | The Royal Book of Oz
ime in his former kingdom ruling the quarrelsome Silver Islanders, the Scarecrow decides to return to Oz and continue his carefree existence there. The islanders, however, are reluctant to let him go, and plot to change him back into his human form, an 85-year-old man. Dorothy and her party reach the Silver Islands, rescue the Scarecrow from the islanders, and accompany him back to the Emerald City. Sir Hokus, the Comfortable Camel, and the Doubtful Dromedary become residents of the Emerald City.
Sir Hokus and the Comfortable Camel return as principal characters in "The Yellow Knight of Oz".
# External links.
- On "The Royal Book of Oz"
- Tor.com review/discussion of The Royal Book of Oz | 18,838 |
905906 | Empire Records | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Empire%20Records | Empire Records
Empire Records
Empire Records is a 1995 American coming-of-age comedy-drama film that follows a group of record store employees over the course of one exceptional day. The employees try to stop the store from being sold to a large chain, and learn about each other along the way. The film was directed by Allan Moyle and stars Anthony LaPaglia, Robin Tunney, Rory Cochrane, Renée Zellweger, Ethan Embry, Johnny Whitworth and Liv Tyler. The film generated largely negative reviews and major losses at the domestic US box office at its release but later went on to become a cult hit, helping to launch the careers of several of its stars.
# Plot.
The film depicts 24 hours in the lives of the employees | 18,839 |
905906 | Empire Records | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Empire%20Records | Empire Records
at an independent record store in Delaware. The perpetually exasperated store manager Joe allows employee Lucas to close the store for the first time. While counting the day's receipts in Joe's office, Lucas discovers that Empire Records is about to be sold and converted into a branch of "Music Town", a large national chain. In an effort to keep the store independent, Lucas takes the day's cash receipts of $9,000 ($ today) to a casino in Atlantic City to quadruple it and save the store. Though he doubles the money on his first roll, he loses it all on the second.
Lucas is found the following morning by opening manager A.J. and pothead employee Mark. He confides in the pair about the previous | 18,840 |
905906 | Empire Records | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Empire%20Records | Empire Records
night's events, just before Joe arrives and quickly receives phone calls from both the bank and the store owner, Mitchell Beck, asking about the missing deposit.
Other employees arrive, including overachieving high school student Corey and her uninhibited best friend Gina. Hostile employee Deb, who appears to have survived an apparent suicide attempt, also arrives, as well as Deb's boyfriend and co-worker Berko. Joe confronts Lucas about the missing deposit, and Lucas confirms the money is gone. Part time employee Edie, who also works at a pizza parlor arrives as Joe explains to the employees his anti-"Music Town" plan – he had saved enough money to invest and become part-owner of the store | 18,841 |
905906 | Empire Records | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Empire%20Records | Empire Records
to save it, but will now be $9,000 short when he covers for the missing money with Mitchell.
Joe is distracted from dealing with the crisis due to a scheduled store event: Rex Manning, an 80's pop idol, is due to arrive at the store for an autograph session to promote his new album. The staff is unenthused and reacts by mocking "Rex Manning Day," and ultimately many of the fans showing up to meet him are either older women or gay men; even Rex's assistant Jane reveals her distaste for Rex's music.
Though detained by Joe, Lucas takes the opportunity to apprehend a belligerent young shoplifter who identifies himself only as "Warren Beatty". Encouraged by Gina, Corey indulges her schoolgirl crush | 18,842 |
905906 | Empire Records | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Empire%20Records | Empire Records
on Rex by attempting to seduce him, but is humiliated by his response; A.J. then chooses the inopportune time to confess his love for Corey, which she rejects. After Gina and Corey argue about their respective reputations, Gina has sex with Rex. When they are discovered by the staff, A.J. starts a fight with Rex, Gina reveals the furious Corey's addiction to amphetamines, Corey hysterically trashes the store, and Joe throws Rex out.
Deb reacts uncharacteristically to the breakdown of the seemingly-perfect Corey by cheering her up, and in return Corey holds a mock funeral for Deb which the whole staff attends. The troubled shoplifter "Warren" returns to the store with a gun (ultimately loaded | 18,843 |
905906 | Empire Records | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Empire%20Records | Empire Records
with blanks), and Lucas defuses the situation by revealing that he himself was a troubled youth until he was taken in by Joe. Joe offers Warren a job at the store.
After the police leave, Lucas admits defeat, and suggests confessing the truth to Mitchell. However, the staff and Jane — who has since quit working for Rex — pool their own $3,000 to replace the missing money. Suddenly inspired, Mark runs in front of the store to a news crew covering the holdup and announces on live TV a late night benefit party to "Save the Empire." The store opens its doors, sells beer and their own property, and collects donations during an impromptu concert by Berko and Gina. Joe hands the money to Mitchell, | 18,844 |
905906 | Empire Records | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Empire%20Records | Empire Records
who confesses that he hates the store, agreeing to work out a 100% sale to Joe.
Corey finally catches up with a dejected A.J. on the roof fixing the Empire Records sign and admits that she loves him, and he reveals that he has decided to attend art school in Boston so he can be near her at Harvard. They kiss, as the staff ends the long day with a dance party on the roof.
# Cast.
- Anthony LaPaglia as Joe Reaves
- Maxwell Caulfield as Rex Manning
- Debi Mazar as Jane
- Rory Cochrane as Lucas
- Johnny Whitworth as A.J.
- Robin Tunney as Debra
- Renee Zellweger as Gina
- Ethan Randall as Mark
- Coyote Shivers as Berle
- Brendan Sexton as Warren
- Liv Tyler as Corey Mason
- James 'Kimo' | 18,845 |
905906 | Empire Records | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Empire%20Records | Empire Records
Wills as Eddie
- Ben Bode as Mitchell Beck
After five years of film and television credits, this was Ethan Randall's last credit before adopting the stage name Ethan Embry.
# Production.
Two days after Regency Enterprises executive Michael Nathanson gave approval to proceed with making "Empire Records", he was approached with the script for "Clueless". As he already had a “teen movie” in hand, he turned down the eventual $57 million box office hit, and proceeded with production of the eventual box-office bomb of "Empire Records'.
The film was severely edited in post-production, removing three significant characters and up to 40 minutes of film. The story was also condensed from occurring | 18,846 |
905906 | Empire Records | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Empire%20Records | Empire Records
over two days to a single day.
Exteriors were filmed at 15 South Front Street in Wilmington, North Carolina in a bar that had a few feet of space converted into a replica of the store set which was located at Carolco (now Screen Gems) studios, and finished with a large picture of the rest of the store. This allowed the actors to enter the exterior location doors and walk a couple of feet before the scene would cut to the interior set on Soundstage 4 at the studio. The large mural of Gloria Estefan which Mark kisses early in the film was visible for many years on the separate building, on South Water Street, that stood in for the back of the store.
The Rex Manning music video "Say No More, | 18,847 |
905906 | Empire Records | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Empire%20Records | Empire Records
Mon Amour" was shot prior to principal photography, and was shot on Wrightsville Beach in North Carolina in one day. It was only intended to be a 17-second dance move piece for the main actors to make fun of in the film. However, the director of the music video shot for the entire day and gave the producers an entire 4:30 music video.
# Critical reception.
The film did poorly at the box office and received negative reviews upon its 1995 release. "TV Guide" gave the film 2 stars out of 5, calling it a "lame comedy" that appeared to be little more than "an elaborate excuse to package and peddle a soundtrack CD."
"Variety" called "Empire Records" a "soundtrack in search of a movie", describing | 18,848 |
905906 | Empire Records | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Empire%20Records | Empire Records
the film as "one teen-music effort that never finds a groove" before adding that "as far as chart action goes, it could use a bullet -- to put it out of its B.O. misery."
Roger Ebert called the film a "lost cause," but presciently wrote that some of the actors might have a future in other, better films; LaPaglia, Cochrane, Zellweger, Tyler, Embry and Tunney all went on to varying levels of greater success in the years following "Empire Records".
As of March 2019, "Empire Records" has a 29% "Rotten" rating on Rotten Tomatoes based on 34 reviews with the consensus: "Despite a terrific soundtrack and a strong early performance from Renee Zellweger, "Empire Records" is mostly a silly and predictable | 18,849 |
905906 | Empire Records | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Empire%20Records | Empire Records
teen dramedy."
# Soundtrack.
## Background.
The soundtrack album for "Empire Records" was originally attached to Atlantic Records—an affiliate of Warner Bros. at the time—because Warner Bros. had a distribution pact with the film's producers, Regency Enterprises. However, the soundtrack album was given to A&M Records in order to obtain the participation of A&M artists the Gin Blossoms, whose track "Til I Hear It from You" was issued as the lead single. Besides the Gin Blossoms, four other A&M acts had new tracks released on the soundtrack album, namely Ape Hangers, Drill, Innocence Mission, and Lustre.
The album also introduced tracks by Better Than Ezra, Cracker, the Cranberries, Evan Dando | 18,850 |
905906 | Empire Records | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Empire%20Records | Empire Records
(whose cover of Big Star's "The Ballad of El Goodo" featured "Empire Records" female lead Liv Tyler on background vocals), and Toad The Wet Sprocket, and by unsigned acts the Martinis, Please, and Coyote Shivers. The Martinis—featuring former Pixies members Joey Santiago and Dave Lovering—were recommended by "Hits" magazine president Karen Glauber who was musical consultant for "Empire Records", while the film's line music supervisor Bob Knickman discovered Please by searching the internet for unsigned talent suitable for the film's soundtrack. Coyote Shivers, who played aspiring-musician-turned-store-clerk Berko in the film, became involved in the project by virtue of being the stepfather of | 18,851 |
905906 | Empire Records | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Empire%20Records | Empire Records
Liv Tyler (Shivers being married to Tyler's mother, Bebe Buell, at the time).
Two previously released tracks were also included on the original release of the "Empire Records" soundtrack album, namely "A Girl Like You" by Edwyn Collins and "Ready, Steady, Go" by the Meices (the latter's frontman Joe Reineke subsequently led Alien Crime Syndicate). "The Honeymoon Is Over" by the Cruel Sea, a track heard in the film but not featured on the US release of the soundtrack album, was included on the German and Australian releases.
The Gin Blossoms' "Til I Hear It From You" charted as high as #9, affording the band their first Top 20 hit. Two other tracks from the album had a single release: Edwyn | 18,852 |
905906 | Empire Records | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Empire%20Records | Empire Records
Collins' "A Girl Like You," which charted at #32, and the Ape Hangers' "I Don't Want to Live Today".
The "Empire Records" soundtrack peaked at #63 on the album chart.
Gin Blossoms frontman Robin Wilson would say of "Empire Records," "[It's] a classic film that only a handful of people really saw, but it definitely made an impact on that generation. It was really cool to have been a part of that".
The film's score was composed and conducted by Basil Poledouris.
## Track listing.
- 1. "Til I Hear It from You" by Gin Blossoms
- 2. "Liar" by The Cranberries
- 3. "A Girl Like You" by Edwyn Collins
- 4. "Free" by The Martinis
- 5. "Crazy Life" by Toad the Wet Sprocket
- 6. "Bright As Yellow" | 18,853 |
905906 | Empire Records | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Empire%20Records | Empire Records
by The Innocence Mission
- 7. "Circle of Friends" by Better Than Ezra
- 8. "I Don't Want to Live Today" by Ape Hangers
- 9. "Whole Lotta Trouble" by Cracker
- 10. "Ready, Steady, Go" by The Meices
- 11. "What You Are" by Drill
- 12. "Nice Overalls" by Lustre
- 13. "Here It Comes Again" by Please
- 14. "The Ballad of El Goodo" by Evan Dando
- 15. "Sugarhigh" by Coyote Shivers
- 16. "The Honeymoon Is Over" by The Cruel Sea
## Songs in the film not listed on soundtrack.
- "Can't Stop Losing Myself" by Dirt Clods
- "Hey Joe" by Body Count
- "Dark and Brooding" by Noah Stone
- "Thorn in My Side" by Quicksand
- "Little Bastard" by Ass Ponys (as Ass Ponies)
- "I Don't Know Why" by | 18,854 |
905906 | Empire Records | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Empire%20Records | Empire Records
Sacrilicious
- "Real" by Real
- "If You Want Blood (You've Got It)" by AC/DC
- "Counting Blue Cars" by Dishwalla
- "Snakeface" by Throwing Muses
- "Candy" by Full Tilt Gonzo
- "How" by The Cranberries
- "Hardlight" by Pegboy
- "Chew Toy" by Fig Dish
- "Power Shack" by Fitz of Depression
- "Saddam A Go-Go" by Gwar
- "Backdown Blues" by Loose Diamonds
- "Tomorrow" by Mouth Music
- "Plowed" by Sponge
- "Surround You" by Billy White Trio
- "L.A. Girl" by Adolescents
- "Vinyl Advice" by Dead Hot Workshop
- "This Is the Day" by The The
- "Say No More (Mon Amour)" by Maxwell Caulfield as Rex Manning (written for the film)
- "She Walks" by Poster Children
- "Sorry" by Sybil Vane
- | 18,855 |
905906 | Empire Records | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Empire%20Records | Empire Records
"Infinity" by Mouth Music
- "Money (That's What I Want)" by Flying Lizards
- "Sugar High (ft. Renee Zellweger)" by Coyote Shivers
- "Seems" by Queen Sarah Saturday
- "Romeo and Juliet" by Dire Straits
- "Video Killed the Radio Star" by The Buggles
- "I Shot the Devil" by Suicidal Tendencies
- "Smooth up in ya" by Bulletboys
- "Rock 'n' Roll/EGA" by Daniel Johnston
## Notes.
The version of the song "Sugarhigh" that appears in the movie differs significantly from the one included on the soundtrack. The main differences are that the movie version has additional lyrics and chorus vocals provided by Renée Zellweger and it is musically one semitone lower than the CD version. Francis "Coyote" | 18,856 |
905906 | Empire Records | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Empire%20Records | Empire Records
Shivers, the artist who released the song, played the lead singer of the song in the movie.
The movie was written by a former employee of Tower Records store #166 (Christown Mall) in Phoenix, Arizona. When the film was released and for a long time afterward, a number of her former coworkers still working cited anecdotes and other elements of the film that related to the store. This store closed in early 2005, ten years after the film's release.
## Special Fan Edition DVD.
On June 3, 2003 Warner Bros. released the Remix: Special Fan Edition DVD of "Empire Records". The unrated version includes four extra scenes and 16 minutes of additional footage (107 total).
The Fan edition also includes | 18,857 |
905906 | Empire Records | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Empire%20Records | Empire Records
the popular music video Rex Manning 'Say No More, Mon Amour' directed for the film by Jordan Dawes.
For the 2015 Blu-ray release from the film's new owner 20th Century Fox, only the theatrical cut has been included, with the extras ported over from the 2003 "Remix! Special Fan Edition" DVD.
A high definition version of the fan edition would eventually see a release but only in digital format via online retailers such as Vudu.
# Legacy.
An Internet meme among the film's fans celebrates "Rex Manning Day" on April 8, the date Rex appears at Empire Records in the film. #RexManningDay is a recurring trending hashtag on Twitter. GIFs commemorating the event show Embry's character bounding down | 18,858 |
905906 | Empire Records | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Empire%20Records | Empire Records
efinition version of the fan edition would eventually see a release but only in digital format via online retailers such as Vudu.
# Legacy.
An Internet meme among the film's fans celebrates "Rex Manning Day" on April 8, the date Rex appears at Empire Records in the film. #RexManningDay is a recurring trending hashtag on Twitter. GIFs commemorating the event show Embry's character bounding down the stairs from the store's loft, declaring "Not on Rex Manning Day!!"
# Musical adaptation.
It was announced on April 6, 2018 that a musical adaptation of the movie is aiming for Broadway in 2020. The show will be produced by Bill Weiner; music and lyrics by Zoe Sarnak and book by Carol Heikkinen. | 18,859 |
905936 | Ladies of the Canyon (album) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ladies%20of%20the%20Canyon%20(album) | Ladies of the Canyon (album)
Ladies of the Canyon (album)
Ladies of the Canyon is the third studio album by Canadian singer-songwriter Joni Mitchell, released on Reprise Records in 1970. It peaked at #27 on the Billboard 200, and has been certified platinum by the RIAA. The title makes reference to Laurel Canyon, a centre of popular music culture in Los Angeles during the 1960s. The album includes several of Mitchell's most noted songs, such as "Big Yellow Taxi", "Woodstock" and "The Circle Game."
# Background.
The album is notable for its expansion of Mitchell's artistic vision and its varied song topics (ranging from the aesthetic weight of celebrity, to observation of the Woodstock generation, to the complexities of | 18,860 |
905936 | Ladies of the Canyon (album) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ladies%20of%20the%20Canyon%20(album) | Ladies of the Canyon (album)
love). "Ladies of the Canyon" is often viewed as a transition between Mitchell's folky earlier work and the more sophisticated, poignant albums that were to follow. In particular, "For Free" foreshadows the lyrical leitmotif of the isolation triggered by success that would be elaborated upon in "For the Roses" and "Court and Spark". The sparse, alternate-tuning laden sound of later records comes to the forefront on "Ladies of the Canyon" (one of those "ladies" being female underground comix pioneer Trina Robbins)..
Of all of Mitchell's work, this album is the most related to her long-standing friendships and relationships with Crosby, Stills, Nash, & Young (whose rock arrangement of "Woodstock" | 18,861 |
905936 | Ladies of the Canyon (album) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ladies%20of%20the%20Canyon%20(album) | Ladies of the Canyon (album)
was one of their four radio hits in 1970). A number of the album's songs, including the aforementioned "Ladies of the Canyon" and "Woodstock", feature densely stacked, wordless harmony overdubs reminiscent of David Crosby's oeuvre; Crosby himself has performed "For Free" for many years. "Willy" is an infatuated paean to Graham Nash, whose middle name is William. "The Circle Game", one of the artist's early signature songs, features background vocals from all four, and is a response to Neil Young's "Sugar Mountain". "Big Yellow Taxi" has become a standard over the years, as well as being sampled by Janet Jackson. In 1995 Annie Lennox performed the song "Ladies of the Canyon" and released it as | 18,862 |
905936 | Ladies of the Canyon (album) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ladies%20of%20the%20Canyon%20(album) | Ladies of the Canyon (album)
the B-side of her single "No More I Love You's".
"The Young and the Restless" star Jess Walton stated that she was the owner of one of the houses featured on the album's cover.
# Critical reception.
Reviewing for "The Village Voice" in 1970, Robert Christgau found "Ladies of the Canyon" "superior to her previous work, richer lyrically and more compelling musically." He said the album's second half is "almost perfect, and the arrangements are intelligent throughout", but found Mitchell's voice weak and her wordplay inconsistent. Years later in "" (1981), he said that, despite the occasional "laughably high school" wordplay, Mitchell's reliance on piano suggests "a move from the open air to | 18,863 |
905936 | Ladies of the Canyon (album) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ladies%20of%20the%20Canyon%20(album) | Ladies of the Canyon (album)
ements are intelligent throughout", but found Mitchell's voice weak and her wordplay inconsistent. Years later in "" (1981), he said that, despite the occasional "laughably high school" wordplay, Mitchell's reliance on piano suggests "a move from the open air to the drawing room ... that's reflected in richer, more sophisticated songs."
# Personnel.
- Joni Mitchell — vocals, guitars, keyboards, cover illustration
- Teresa Adams — cello
- Paul Horn — clarinet, flute
- Jim Horn — baritone saxophone
- Milt Holland — percussion
- The Lookout Mountain United Downstairs Choir — vocal chorus
- Production personnel
- Henry Lewy — engineer, production advice
- Don Bagley — cello arrangement | 18,864 |
905927 | Peter Woodthorpe | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peter%20Woodthorpe | Peter Woodthorpe
Peter Woodthorpe
Peter Woodthorpe (25 September 1931 – 12 August 2004) was an English film, television and voice actor who supplied the voice of Gollum in the 1978 Bakshi version of "The Lord of the Rings" and BBC's 1981 radio serial. He also provided the voice of Pigsy in the cult series "Monkey" and was Max the pathologist in early episodes of "Inspector Morse".
In the summer of 1955 he played Estragon in the first British production of "Waiting for Godot". He had then just finished his second year reading Biochemistry at Magdalene College, Cambridge, and expected to return after a run of a few weeks. When the play was successful, faced with the choice of dropping out either from Cambridge | 18,865 |
905927 | Peter Woodthorpe | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peter%20Woodthorpe | Peter Woodthorpe
or from the play, he chose to stay with the play and his acting career. In 1960, he played Aston in the first production of Harold Pinter's "The Caretaker" at the Arts Theatre, in London, prior to transferring to the West End's Duchess Theatre on 30 May 1960. He also starred as Oxford in the Broadway musical Darling of the Day.
Before going up to Cambridge he was educated at Archbishop Holgate's Grammar School and served as a national serviceman in the Royal Navy, training at the Joint Services School for Linguists as a Russian interpreter.
In 1964 and 1965 he made three films for cinematographer-turned-director Freddie Francis: "The Evil of Frankenstein" (1964), "Hysteria" (1965) and "The | 18,866 |
905927 | Peter Woodthorpe | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peter%20Woodthorpe | Peter Woodthorpe
Skull" (1965), the first two for Hammer Films and the last for Amicus Productions. His characters in these films were all sleazy, corrupt and manipulative types (a hypnotist, a nudie photographer and a corrupt landlord).
In 1974, he played writer Honoré de Balzac in the BBC series "Notorious Woman".
One of Woodthorpe's best remembered roles was the guest role of Reg Trotter, father of Del Boy, in the 1983 Christmas special, "Thicker than Water", an episode of the BBC sitcom "Only Fools and Horses". In 1984, he and Lennard Pearce (who starred on the programme as Grandad Trotter, Reg's father, and appeared alongside him in that episode) were seen together again in the "Minder" episode "The Balance | 18,867 |
905927 | Peter Woodthorpe | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peter%20Woodthorpe | Peter Woodthorpe
of Power".
Since 1994, he recorded the voices of Toad, Great White Stag and Whistler in an BBC Young Collection audiotape version of the Animals of Farthing Wood. He died at the age of 72 on 12 August 2004 in Banbury, Oxfordshire following a short illness.
# Partial filmography.
- "Father Came Too!" (1963) - Farmer
- "The Evil of Frankenstein" (1964) - Zoltan
- "Hysteria" (1965) - Marcus Allan
- "The Skull" (1965) - Travers
- "The Blue Max" (1966) - Corporal Rupp
- "The Charge of the Light Brigade" (1968) - Cardigan's Valet
- "Lord of the Rings" (1978) - Gollum / Smeagol (voice)
- "The Mirror Crack'd" (1980) - Scout Master
- "To Catch a King" (1984) - Elric Becker
- "A Christmas | 18,868 |
905927 | Peter Woodthorpe | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peter%20Woodthorpe | Peter Woodthorpe
Carol" (1984) - Old Joe
- "Eleni" (1985) - Grandfather
- "Inspector Morse" (1987-1988, TV Series) - Dr. Max DeBryn
- "Testimony" (1988) - Alexander Glazunov
- "Massacre Play" (1989) - Straccalino
- "Red Hot" (1993) - Professor Lusis
- "The Madness of King George" (1994) - Clergyman
- "The Animals of Farthing Wood" (1994) Toad, The Great White Stag, Whistler (Audiotape only)
- "England, My England" (1995) - Kiffen
- "Jane Eyre" (1996) - Briggs
- "The Odyssey" (1997) - Mentor
- "Merlin" (1998) - Soothsayer
- "The Strange Case of Delphina Potocka or The Mystery of Chopin" (1999) - 3rd Official
# External links.
- Obituary in "The Guardian"
- Obituary in "The Independent"
- Obituary | 18,869 |
905927 | Peter Woodthorpe | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peter%20Woodthorpe | Peter Woodthorpe
"Eleni" (1985) - Grandfather
- "Inspector Morse" (1987-1988, TV Series) - Dr. Max DeBryn
- "Testimony" (1988) - Alexander Glazunov
- "Massacre Play" (1989) - Straccalino
- "Red Hot" (1993) - Professor Lusis
- "The Madness of King George" (1994) - Clergyman
- "The Animals of Farthing Wood" (1994) Toad, The Great White Stag, Whistler (Audiotape only)
- "England, My England" (1995) - Kiffen
- "Jane Eyre" (1996) - Briggs
- "The Odyssey" (1997) - Mentor
- "Merlin" (1998) - Soothsayer
- "The Strange Case of Delphina Potocka or The Mystery of Chopin" (1999) - 3rd Official
# External links.
- Obituary in "The Guardian"
- Obituary in "The Independent"
- Obituary in "The New York Times" | 18,870 |
905871 | With Teeth | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=With%20Teeth | With Teeth
With Teeth
With Teeth (stylized as [WITH_TEETH]) is the fourth studio album by American industrial rock band Nine Inch Nails, released on May 3, 2005 by Nothing Records and Interscope Records. The album was produced by Nine Inch Nails frontman Trent Reznor and long-time collaborator Alan Moulder. It also features contributions from musician Dave Grohl.
In line with some of the band's previous material, the record features notably introspective songwriting, influenced by Reznor's battle with and recovery from alcoholism and substance abuse. The album generated three singles, "The Hand That Feeds", "Only" and "Every Day Is Exactly the Same", the latter of which was released as an accompanying | 18,871 |
905871 | With Teeth | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=With%20Teeth | With Teeth
remix EP, as well as a tour, .
Upon release, "With Teeth" was well-received by critics, albeit less than their previous work. Some complimented the aggressive composition, while others found it to be bland and tasteless. The album became the band's second to reach number one in the US, and was eventually certified gold by RIAA.
# Background.
Reznor garnered mainstream attention with his influential second album "The Downward Spiral", as well as a widely broadcast live performance at Woodstock '94. From that point onward, Nine Inch Nails was among the most popular music acts of the 1990s. In 1997, Reznor appeared in "Time" magazine's list of the year's most influential people, and "Spin" magazine | 18,872 |
905871 | With Teeth | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=With%20Teeth | With Teeth
described him as "the most vital artist in music." However, Reznor's musical output was infrequent, having released only three full length albums from 1989 through 2005, with a rough average of five years between each release. During this time, Reznor became increasingly addicted to alcohol and drugs, resulting in depression and writer's block.
The band's 1999 double album "The Fragile" was met with generally positive reviews from music critics and eventually sold 898,000 copies. However, it failed to attain the success of its predecessor and fell from the top of the "Billboard" after only a week. Afterwards, the only original Nine Inch Nails material released until 2005 was the 2000 remix | 18,873 |
905871 | With Teeth | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=With%20Teeth | With Teeth
album "Things Falling Apart", as well as the 2001 single "Deep" from the and "Still". Reznor told "Spin" magazine in 2005 that "I was going to just drink myself or drug myself out of it. I got back to New Orleans after the "Fragile" tour, and I'd pretty much lost my soul."
# Writing and recording.
## Songwriting.
After Reznor decided to go to rehab, he began work on a new album. The songwriting process moved along easier for Reznor than in the past. He said that it was due to having "a pretty good game plan [...] I had themes and subjects [...] As my brain started working, the songs just started to come out. I regained my self-confidence."
Reznor originally planned the album to be a concept | 18,874 |
905871 | With Teeth | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=With%20Teeth | With Teeth
album, complete with a storyline. Reznor was quoted in a 2007 article saying:
I'd come up with this kind of elaborate storyline, and the record was gonna be a concept record that had a number of pretentious elements to it. I was gonna talk about multi-layered reality and waking up in a dream you can't wake up out of, and eventually finding acceptance after you go through this period of trying to fight it. It was all kind of a big analogy for me getting sober.
## Nothing Studios sessions.
Reznor recorded the album at Nothing Studios in New Orleans, the last release he recorded at the location before permanently relocating to Los Angeles.
The album was produced by Reznor and long-time Nine | 18,875 |
905871 | With Teeth | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=With%20Teeth | With Teeth
Inch Nails producer Alan Moulder, with engineering and assistance by Atticus Ross. The album was mixed in stereo and 5.1 surround sound. Former Nirvana drummer and current Foo Fighters frontman Dave Grohl contributed drums and live percussion on seven tracks. According to a statement on the official Nine Inch Nails website, Reznor stated that producer Rick Rubin was his "mentor" and "source of inspiration" throughout the planning and writing process of the album.
Reznor was also heavily inspired by the use of more analog electronic effects and instruments, specifically tape delay and modular synthesizers. A post on the band's official website dated May 5 indicated that Atticus Ross, Leo Herrera, | 18,876 |
905871 | With Teeth | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=With%20Teeth | With Teeth
and Reznor were in the studio recording and "refining" rough new material. It also stated Jerome Dillon was on drums on these sessions.
Mixing began on October 28, and on New Year's Eve Reznor revealed that the album was complete, and would be titled "With Teeth".
# Music and lyrics.
Before the album's release, Reznor described "With Teeth" as "more song-oriented" and "lean" than the previous Nine Inch Nails album, "The Fragile" (1999). In reference to the album's sound, Reznor said he "tried to keep a lo-fi aesthetic running through it, a kind of carelessness." Moreover, he stated the music was less of a concept album, and more of "a collection of songs that are friends with each other, | 18,877 |
905871 | With Teeth | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=With%20Teeth | With Teeth
but don't have to rely on each other to make sense".
"With Teeth" is considered as Reznor's most rock-centric album since the "Broken" EP and labeled as industrial rock, electronic rock and hard rock. The album's sound also draws inspirations from genres such as drum and bass, pop, electronica and ambient.
The album's lyrics tackle Reznor's opinion of himself, his relationship with the world around him and his place in it, as well as his struggles with addiction. Although it dealt with these issues, Reznor was hopeful that it was still "disguised enough that [it was] not a terribly boring record about recovery and addiction".
Reznor also drew influence from the September 11, 2001 attacks, | 18,878 |
905871 | With Teeth | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=With%20Teeth | With Teeth
which occurred shortly after his recovery. The album's first single, "The Hand That Feeds", was a direct example of the themes of protest and propagandist fear that helped influence the album. These influences became more prominent in his next album, "Year Zero", and the alternate reality game that accompanied it.
# Title and packaging.
Early reports indicated that the album had a working title of "Bleedthrough". Reznor stated that the name was eventually changed because "it was supposed to be about different layers of reality seeping into the next, but I think some people were thinking about blood or a tampon commercial."
In a statement to fans on the official Nine Inch Nails website, Reznor | 18,879 |
905871 | With Teeth | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=With%20Teeth | With Teeth
explained that his dislike for the constraints of CD artwork led to the creation of a downloadable 20-megabyte poster, incorporating credits, lyrics, and artwork. The poster, designed by Reznor and Rob Sheridan, contains lyrics that are not featured in the actual songs (a practice Reznor has continued since "Pretty Hate Machine"), as well as song titles and lyrics not featured on the album, possibly recorded but unreleased. The poster is available to members of the official Nine Inch Nails fan club as part of the initial welcome package.
"With Teeth" is the last Nine Inch Nails studio album to include the Nothing Records logo in the packaging, since it was declared extinct after the February | 18,880 |
905871 | With Teeth | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=With%20Teeth | With Teeth
2007 inclusion of the "Beside You in Time" home video.
# Release.
Before the release of the album, fans were able to listen to "With Teeth" in its entirety by attending listening parties that took place in 13 cities throughout the U.S. Anyone who attended received promotional posters and stickers. Those who pre-ordered the album received a limited edition 7" vinyl containing the single "The Hand That Feeds," as well as the B-side track "Home." The album was promoted with seven short teaser trailers. "The Fragile", "Things Falling Apart" and "Year Zero" were also promoted with trailers, as well as commercials.
"With Teeth" was released as a standard CD, double vinyl, a DualDisc and a CD/DVD | 18,881 |
905871 | With Teeth | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=With%20Teeth | With Teeth
combo. In addition to 5.1 surround and stereo mixes of the songs, the DualDisc (and DVD) contain the video for "The Hand That Feeds", an interactive discography and a slide show of album artwork.
Reznor also released multitrack files for a few of the songs. In retrospect Reznor said, "That whole idea of putting up multitracks, really was just, several years ago, bored in a hotel room [...] just as an experiment I happened to have the multitracks with me--I think I was doing press for "With Teeth"--I loaded up "The Hand That Feeds" and made it as a multitrack, in GarageBand. [...] I thought it would be cool to give the sounds to people, and I knew the challenge would be to get that past Interscope, | 18,882 |
905871 | With Teeth | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=With%20Teeth | With Teeth
essentially giving the masters out. But they agreed." Reznor has released multitrack files for every major Nine Inch Nails release up to, and including, "The Slip".
In June 2015, an instrumental version of the album was released to Apple Music.
## With Teeth tour.
Nine Inch Nails live performances supported the album with a tour named . The touring lineup featured Jeordie White, Aaron North, Alessandro Cortini, and Jerome Dillon. Midway through the tour, Dillon was forced to stop playing due to a medical condition. He was initially replaced by Alex Carapetis, and then later by Josh Freese.
The tour began with a small club tour in early 2005, and the band members were reportedly "pleasantly | 18,883 |
905871 | With Teeth | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=With%20Teeth | With Teeth
surprised by the interest" despite the group's lengthy hiatus between tours. This initial leg of the tour also included a headlining performance at Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival. The band followed up with a North American arena tour in autumn 2005, supported by Queens of the Stone Age, Autolux, Death from Above 1979, and hip hop artist Saul Williams. The second leg of the tour consisted of a series of North American amphitheaters performances in the summer of 2006, supported by Bauhaus, TV on the Radio, and Peaches. In 2007, a tour documentary entitled "Beside You in Time" was released in DVD, HD DVD, and Blu-ray formats.
# Critical reception.
"With Teeth" received mostly positive | 18,884 |
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reviews from critics, with an aggregate rating of 71 based on 22 reviews on Metacritic. "Rolling Stone"'s Rob Sheffield described the album as "vintage Nine Inch Nails", while Stylus Magazine said "The words 'triumphant return' are apt." Rock critic Robert Christgau gave it a lukewarm review, commenting, "All pretense of deeper meaning worn into shtick, [Reznor] is left with the aggro mood music that was always his calling." "Newsday" gave "With Teeth" a rating of A– and called it "a strong reminder why, despite his lengthy absences, Reznor remains alt-rock royalty."
Other critics panned the album, including "The Village Voice", which described the album as "all paint-by-numbers with no topography | 18,885 |
905871 | With Teeth | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=With%20Teeth | With Teeth
or relief—just one angry distorted chord after another." PopMatters critically slammed the album, summarizing its poor review by simply saying "Trent Reznor has run out of ideas." In the review for AllMusic, editor Stephen Thomas Erlewine was also muted in his praise for the album, claiming that "[It] is the work of a craftsman, a musician who meticulously assembles his work by layering details so densely, there's never a moment on the record where something isn't roiling under the surface, where something isn't added to the mix. He's good at this, though. "With Teeth" is an impressive achievement technically and the music is generally strong, yet there's a nagging problem -- namely, there's | 18,886 |
905871 | With Teeth | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=With%20Teeth | With Teeth
nothing new here."
"With Teeth" was named one of the top 40 albums of 2005 by "Spin" magazine. The song "The Hand That Feeds" was nominated for Best Hard Rock Performance for the 48th Annual Grammy Awards in 2006. The song "Every Day Is Exactly the Same" was nominated for a Grammy Award in 2007. Pitchfork named "The Hand That Feeds" in its "Top 500 Tracks of the 2000s", at number 406. In 2005, Reznor was nominated by the Billboard Music Awards as the "Modern Rock Artist of the Year".
# Commercial performance.
"With Teeth" debuted at number one on the US "Billboard" 200, selling 272,000 copies in its first week. The album has been certified gold in the United States and the United Kingdom | 18,887 |
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and platinum in Canada.
# Track listing.
All songs written, composed and performed by Trent Reznor.
The track "Home" was originally a B-side to "The Hand That Feeds". On CD versions the track is placed after the last track, on vinyl it is placed after "Sunspots". As mentioned above, the UK version also features an additional track, an alternate version of "Right Where it Belongs", and the Japanese version also contains the alternate track, as well as a remix of "The Hand That Feeds" by Photek, bringing its track total to 16.
Note
- Two more tracks recorded during the "With Teeth" sessions but never made it to the final track listing were "Non-Entity" and "Not So Pretty Now". Those can be | 18,888 |
905871 | With Teeth | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=With%20Teeth | With Teeth
found on the "NINJA 2009 Tour Sampler".
# Personnel.
- Trent Reznor – lead vocals, arranging, performance, songwriting, production, engineering, 5.1 surround mix, sound design, all instrumentals & instrumentation
- Alan Moulder – additional instrumentals, production, engineering
- Atticus Ross – programming, additional production, sound design
- Leo Herrera – engineering, project coordination
- James Brown – engineering, 5.1 surround mix
- Rich Costey – engineering
- Tom Baker at Precision Mastering – mastering
- Adam Ayan for Gateway Mastering – surround mastering
- Rob Sheridan – design
- Jeremy Berman – drum technician
- Gerch for Drum Fetish – drum technician
- Jerome Dillon – | 18,889 |
905871 | With Teeth | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=With%20Teeth | With Teeth
ation
- Alan Moulder – additional instrumentals, production, engineering
- Atticus Ross – programming, additional production, sound design
- Leo Herrera – engineering, project coordination
- James Brown – engineering, 5.1 surround mix
- Rich Costey – engineering
- Tom Baker at Precision Mastering – mastering
- Adam Ayan for Gateway Mastering – surround mastering
- Rob Sheridan – design
- Jeremy Berman – drum technician
- Gerch for Drum Fetish – drum technician
- Jerome Dillon – additional drum programming, live drums
- Rupert Parkes – additional programming
- Alien Tom – turntables
- Dave Grohl – percussion , drums
# See also.
- List of Billboard 200 number-one albums of 2005 | 18,890 |
905950 | Mark Tewksbury | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mark%20Tewksbury | Mark Tewksbury
Mark Tewksbury
Mark Tewksbury, MSM (born February 7, 1968) is a Canadian former competition swimmer. He is best known for winning the gold medal in the 100-metre backstroke at the 1992 Summer Olympics. He also hosted the first season of "How It's Made", a Canadian documentary series, in 2001.
Tewksbury was awarded the Meritorious Service Medal (Civil Division) in 1993 for being a "motivational speaker and a gifted athlete."
# Competitive swimming.
Raised in Calgary, Alberta, Tewksbury trained at the University of Calgary.
He competed at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, South Korea, and won a silver medal as a member of Canada's relay team. For some years he ranked as one of the top backstrokers | 18,891 |
905950 | Mark Tewksbury | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mark%20Tewksbury | Mark Tewksbury
in the world; never a strong below-the-water swimmer, he was unmatched on the surface, but, as the importance of below-the-water swimming increased, Tewksbury's ranking began to fall.
Going into Barcelona, Tewksbury was ranked fourth in the world and most pundits picked one of the powerful American swimmers to win gold. American Jeff Rouse, world record holder in the 100m backstroke, had beaten Tewksbury at the 1991 Pan Pacific Games and 1991 World Aquatics Championships the year before and was heavily favored to win gold. Using his world-leading start and underwaters Rouse took off to an early lead, leaving Tewksbury to play catch-up on both laps. Tewksbury would pass Rouse on the last stroke | 18,892 |
905950 | Mark Tewksbury | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mark%20Tewksbury | Mark Tewksbury
of the race, beating the American by just six one hundredths of a second—the same margin of victory Rouse had bested Tewksbury the year before at World Championships. Tewksbury would credit using visualization during his preparation to help instill self-belief and calm in the moments before the Olympic final.
Tewksbury's gold medal was Canada's first at the Barcelona games and the first Canadian gold in swimming since the Communist-boycotted 1984 Olympics in Los Angeles. Tewksbury also won a bronze medal in the relay event in Barcelona. He made the cover of "Time" magazine. He was inducted into the Canadian Olympic Hall of Fame, the Canadian Sports Hall of Fame, and the International Swimming | 18,893 |
905950 | Mark Tewksbury | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mark%20Tewksbury | Mark Tewksbury
Hall of Fame and was named Canada's Male Athlete of the Year. After the Barcelona games, Tewksbury retired from swimming.
# Post-swimming career.
After retirement, Tewksbury received a number of high-profile endorsement deals and worked as an athlete representative with the International Olympic Committee (IOC), a position from which he resigned in disenchantment in 1998, accusing the IOC of rampant corruption. He was also part of the group of former Olympic athletes that was pushing for the resignation of IOC President Juan Antonio Samaranch. Only months after the scandal surrounding the 2002 Salt Lake City Olympic winter Games broke, Tewksbury became prominent around the world as a critic | 18,894 |
905950 | Mark Tewksbury | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mark%20Tewksbury | Mark Tewksbury
of the IOC and demanded reforms to the system.
In 1993, Tewksbury and Mark Leduc both gave interviews about their homosexuality to the CBC Radio series "The Inside Track" for "The Last Closet", a special episode about homophobia in sports; however, as neither was ready to fully come out at the time, both interviews were given anonymously and recorded through voice filters. In December 1998, Tewksbury officially came out as gay; he subsequently lost a six-figure contract as a motivational speaker because he was "too openly gay."
Tewksbury was also highly critical of Swimming Canada's organization in the wake of the national team's poor performance at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, where | 18,895 |
905950 | Mark Tewksbury | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mark%20Tewksbury | Mark Tewksbury
they failed to medal. He suggested that there was a lack of accountability within Swim Canada, and that head coach Dave Johnson was given too much power.
Tewksbury became a prominent advocate for gay rights and gay causes in Canada and the world. On May 16, 2003, Tewksbury joined the board of directors for the 2006 World Outgames in Montreal and was named co-president. He was a panelist at the 2003 National Gay and Lesbian Athletics Conference in Cambridge, Massachusetts, on a panel of LGBT Olympians that also included rower Harriet Metcalf and high jumper Brian Marshall.
Tewksbury was the narrator for the TV show "How It's Made" during the first season. In 2006, he published his second book, | 18,896 |
905950 | Mark Tewksbury | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mark%20Tewksbury | Mark Tewksbury
an autobiography entitled "Inside Out: Straight Talk from a Gay Jock". Tewksbury remains a public figure working as a motivational speaker, a television commentator for swimming events, and a continued activist. He is a board member of the Gay and Lesbian Athletics Foundation.
On November 30, 2006 Tewksbury was the Master of Ceremonies for the Tribute to former Prime Minister Paul Martin at the Liberal Party of Canada's Leadership and Biennial Convention in Montreal.
During the 2008 Summer Olympics, Tewksbury served as CBC Sports' swimming analyst alongside play-by play announcer Steve Armitage.
In December 2008 Tewksbury was invited by the government of France to speak at the United Nations | 18,897 |
905950 | Mark Tewksbury | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mark%20Tewksbury | Mark Tewksbury
in New York City on the day that a declaration was introduced that affirms gay rights and seeks to decriminalize homosexuality.
On September 19, 2009, Tewksbury was inducted into Canada's LGBT Human Rights Hall of Fame, the Q Hall of Fame Canada, in honour of his outstanding achievements and efforts to end discrimination in the sports world.
On August 5, 2010, he was named the chef de mission of the 2012 Canadian Summer Olympic team.
In 2015, Tewksbury was presented the Bonham Centre Award from The Mark S. Bonham Centre for Sexual Diversity Studies, University of Toronto, for his contributions to the advancement and education of issues around sexual identification.
On July 23, 2015, Tewksbury | 18,898 |
905950 | Mark Tewksbury | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mark%20Tewksbury | Mark Tewksbury
2015, Tewksbury was presented the Bonham Centre Award from The Mark S. Bonham Centre for Sexual Diversity Studies, University of Toronto, for his contributions to the advancement and education of issues around sexual identification.
On July 23, 2015, Tewksbury presented his gold medal to the Canadian Museum for Human Rights in Winnipeg for an exhibit promoting the power of sport to influence positive change.
# See also.
- List of members of the International Swimming Hall of Fame
- List of Commonwealth Games medallists in swimming (men)
- List of Olympic medalists in swimming (men)
- World record progression 100 metres backstroke
- World record progression 4 × 100 metres medley relay | 18,899 |
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