wikipedia_id stringlengths 2 8 | wikipedia_title stringlengths 1 243 | url stringlengths 44 370 | contents stringlengths 53 2.22k | id int64 0 6.14M |
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420546 | Professional American football championship games | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Professional%20American%20football%20championship%20games | Professional American football championship games
Indians (9-0-0) 12, Shelby Blues 9
- 1910 (OIC) – Shelby Blues/Shelby Tigers (14-0-1) 8, Akron Indians 5
- 1911 (OIC) – Shelby Blues (10-0-0) 1, Canton Bulldogs 0 (forfeit)
- 1912 (OIC) – Elyria Athletics (8-0-0)
- 1913 (OIC) – Akron Indians (8-1-2) 20, Shelby Blues... | 20,400 |
420546 | Professional American football championship games | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Professional%20American%20football%20championship%20games | Professional American football championship games
not play outside Buffalo due to 1918 flu pandemic
- 1919 (OIC) – Canton Bulldogs 9-0-1
- 1919 (NYPFL) – Buffalo Prospects 20, Rochester Jeffersons 0
## 1920-1932.
- 1920 (APFA) – Akron Pros (8-0-3) 0, Buffalo/Phoenixville (20-1*-1) 0; Akron wins by virtue of no loss... | 20,401 |
420546 | Professional American football championship games | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Professional%20American%20football%20championship%20games | Professional American football championship games
Roller 8-1-2
- 1929 (NFL) – Green Bay Packers 12-0-1
- 1930 (NFL) – Green Bay Packers 10-3-1
- 1931 (NFL) – Green Bay Packers 12-2-0
- 1932 (NFL) – Chicago Bears (7-1-6) 9, Portsmouth Spartans 0†
## 1933-1959.
- 1933 (NFL) – Chicago Bears 23, New York Giants 21
-... | 20,402 |
420546 | Professional American football championship games | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Professional%20American%20football%20championship%20games | Professional American football championship games
7, Columbus Bullies (AFL40) 0
- 1941 (AFL40-WIFU) – Columbus Bullies 31, Winnipeg Blue Bombers 1
- 1941 (NFL) – Chicago Bears 37, New York Giants 9
- 1942 (NFL) – Washington Redskins 14, Chicago Bears 6
- 1943 (NFL) – Chicago Bears 41, Washington Redskins 21
- 1944... | 20,403 |
420546 | Professional American football championship games | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Professional%20American%20football%20championship%20games | Professional American football championship games
– Cleveland Browns 49 Buffalo Bills 7
- 1948 (NFL) – Philadelphia Eagles 7, Chicago Cardinals 0
- 1949 (AAFC) – Cleveland Browns 21 San Francisco 49ers 7
- 1949 (NFL) – Philadelphia Eagles 14, Los Angeles Rams 0
- 1950 (NFL-AAFC) – Cleveland Browns 35, Philadelphia ... | 20,404 |
420546 | Professional American football championship games | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Professional%20American%20football%20championship%20games | Professional American football championship games
Browns 14
- 1958 (NFL) – Baltimore Colts 23, New York Giants 17 (OT)
- 1959 (NFL) – Baltimore Colts 31, New York Giants 16
## 1960-1969.
- 1960 (AFL) – Houston Oilers 24, Los Angeles Chargers 16
- 1960 (NFL) – Philadelphia Eagles 17, Green Bay Packers 13
- 1961 (A... | 20,405 |
420546 | Professional American football championship games | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Professional%20American%20football%20championship%20games | Professional American football championship games
Colts 0
- 1965 (AFL) – Buffalo Bills 23, San Diego Chargers 0
- 1965 (NFL) – Green Bay Packers 23, Cleveland Browns 12
- 1966 (AFL) – Kansas City Chiefs 31, Buffalo Bills 7
- 1966 (NFL) – Green Bay Packers 34, Dallas Cowboys 27
- 1966 1st World Championship (Super ... | 20,406 |
420546 | Professional American football championship games | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Professional%20American%20football%20championship%20games | Professional American football championship games
Bowl III) – 1/12/69 AFL New York Jets 16, NFL Baltimore Colts 7
- 1969 (AFL) – Kansas City Chiefs 17, Oakland Raiders 7
- 1969 (NFL) – Minnesota Vikings 27, Cleveland Browns 7
- 1969 4th World Championship (Super Bowl IV) – 1/11/70 AFL Kansas City Chiefs 23, NFL Minn... | 20,407 |
420546 | Professional American football championship games | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Professional%20American%20football%20championship%20games | Professional American football championship games
22, Florida Blazers 21
- 1974 (NFL) – Super Bowl IX – 1/12/75 AFC Pittsburgh Steelers 16, NFC Minnesota Vikings 6
- 1975 (WFL) – Split season: First half of season was won by Memphis Southmen at 7-2, but the second half was not completed as the league collapsed. The B... | 20,408 |
420546 | Professional American football championship games | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Professional%20American%20football%20championship%20games | Professional American football championship games
– Super Bowl XIV – 1/20/80 AFC Pittsburgh Steelers 31, NFC Los Angeles Rams 19
- 1980 (NFL) – Super Bowl XV – 1/25/81 AFC Oakland Raiders 27, NFC Philadelphia Eagles 10
- 1981 (NFL) – Super Bowl XVI – 1/24/82 NFC San Francisco 49ers 26, AFC Cincinnati Bengals 21
- 19... | 20,409 |
420546 | Professional American football championship games | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Professional%20American%20football%20championship%20games | Professional American football championship games
Oakland Invaders 24
- 1985 (NFL) – Super Bowl XX – 1/26/86 NFC Chicago Bears 46, AFC New England Patriots 10
- 1986 (NFL) – Super Bowl XXI – 1/25/87 NFC New York Giants 39, AFC Denver Broncos 20
- 1987 (NFL) – Super Bowl XXII – 1/31/88 NFC Washington Redskins 42, AFC... | 20,410 |
420546 | Professional American football championship games | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Professional%20American%20football%20championship%20games | Professional American football championship games
Dallas Cowboys 52, AFC Buffalo Bills 17
- 1993 (NFL) – Super Bowl XXVIII – 1/30/94 NFC Dallas Cowboys 30, AFC Buffalo Bills 13
- 1994 (NFL) – Super Bowl XXIX – 1/29/95 NFC San Francisco 49ers 49, AFC San Diego Chargers 26
- 1995 (NFL) – Super Bowl XXX – 1/28/96 NFC D... | 20,411 |
420546 | Professional American football championship games | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Professional%20American%20football%20championship%20games | Professional American football championship games
Bowl XXXV – 1/28/01 AFC Baltimore Ravens 34, NFC New York Giants 7
- 2001 (XFL) – Million Dollar Game – 4/21/01 Los Angeles Xtreme 38, San Francisco Demons 6
- 2001 (NFL) – Super Bowl XXXVI – 2/03/02 AFC New England Patriots 20, NFC St. Louis Rams 17
## 2002-present.... | 20,412 |
420546 | Professional American football championship games | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Professional%20American%20football%20championship%20games | Professional American football championship games
Colts 29, NFC Chicago Bears 17
- 2007 (NFL) – Super Bowl XLII – 2/3/08 NFC New York Giants 17, AFC New England Patriots 14
- 2008 (NFL) – Super Bowl XLIII – 2/1/09 AFC Pittsburgh Steelers 27, NFC Arizona Cardinals 23
- 2009 (UFL) – 2009 UFL Championship Game – 11/26/... | 20,413 |
420546 | Professional American football championship games | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Professional%20American%20football%20championship%20games | Professional American football championship games
3
- 2011 (NFL) – Super Bowl XLVI – 2/5/12 NFC New York Giants 21, AFC New England Patriots 17
- 2012 (NFL) – Super Bowl XLVII – 2/3/13 AFC Baltimore Ravens 34, NFC San Francisco 49ers 31
- 2013 (NFL) – Super Bowl XLVIII – 2/2/14 NFC Seattle Seahawks 43, AFC Denver Br... | 20,414 |
420546 | Professional American football championship games | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Professional%20American%20football%20championship%20games | Professional American football championship games
w York Giants 21, AFC New England Patriots 17
- 2012 (NFL) – Super Bowl XLVII – 2/3/13 AFC Baltimore Ravens 34, NFC San Francisco 49ers 31
- 2013 (NFL) – Super Bowl XLVIII – 2/2/14 NFC Seattle Seahawks 43, AFC Denver Broncos 8
- 2014 (NFL) – Super Bowl XLIX – 2/1/15 ... | 20,415 |
420493 | Francisco de Miranda | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco%20de%20Miranda | Francisco de Miranda
Francisco de Miranda
Sebastián Francisco de Miranda y Rodríguez de Espinoza (; March 28, 1750 – July 14, 1816), commonly known as Francisco de Miranda (), was a Venezuelan military leader and revolutionary. Although his own plans for the independence of the Spanish American colonies failed, he is ... | 20,416 |
420493 | Francisco de Miranda | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco%20de%20Miranda | Francisco de Miranda
in the general political and intellectual climate that emerged from the Age of Enlightenment that influenced all of the Atlantic Revolutions. He participated in three major historical and political movements of his time: the American Revolutionary War, the French Revolution and the Spanish American... | 20,417 |
420493 | Francisco de Miranda | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco%20de%20Miranda | Francisco de Miranda
was born in Caracas, Venezuela Province, in the Spanish colonial Viceroyalty of New Granada, and baptized on April 5, 1750. His father, Sebastian de Miranda Ravelo, was an immigrant from the Canary Islands who had become a successful and wealthy merchant, and his mother, Francisca Antonia Rodríguez... | 20,418 |
420493 | Francisco de Miranda | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco%20de%20Miranda | Francisco de Miranda
and attaining important positions, he ensured his children a college education. Miranda was first tutored by Jesuits, Jorge Lindo and Juan Santaella, before entering the Academy of Santa Rosa.
On January 10, 1762, Miranda began his studies at the Royal and Pontifical University of Caracas, where h... | 20,419 |
420493 | Francisco de Miranda | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco%20de%20Miranda | Francisco de Miranda
It is unknown if Miranda received the title of Doctor, as the only evidence in favor of this title is his personal testimony stating he received it in 1767, at age 17.
## Issues of ethnic lineage.
Beginning in 1767, Miranda's studies were disrupted in part due to his father's rising prominence in... | 20,420 |
420493 | Francisco de Miranda | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco%20de%20Miranda | Francisco de Miranda
two local aristocrats, Don Juan Nicolas de Ponte and Don Martin Tovar Blanco, filed a complaint against Sebastian de Miranda.
Sebastian de Miranda requested and was granted honorary military discharge to avoid further antagonizing the local elite, and spent many years attempting to clear the famil... | 20,421 |
420493 | Francisco de Miranda | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco%20de%20Miranda | Francisco de Miranda
according to the records in the National Archive of Venezuela. Miranda's father obtained a blood cleanliness certificate, which should not be confounded with the blood nobility certificate.
In 1770, Sebastian won his family's rights through an official royal patent, signed by Charles III, which co... | 20,422 |
420493 | Francisco de Miranda | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco%20de%20Miranda | Francisco de Miranda
Miranda left Caracas from the port of La Guaira for Cadiz, Spain, on a Swedish frigate, the Prince Frederick. Miranda landed at the Port of Cadiz on March 1, 1771, where he stayed for two weeks with a distant relative, Jose D'Anino, before leaving for Madrid.
## In Madrid.
On March 28, 1771, Mira... | 20,423 |
420493 | Francisco de Miranda | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco%20de%20Miranda | Francisco de Miranda
pursued genealogical research of his family name to establish his ties to Europe and Christianity, which was especially important to him after his father's struggles to legitimize their family line in Caracas.
It was in Madrid that Miranda began to build his personal library, which he added to as ... | 20,424 |
420493 | Francisco de Miranda | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco%20de%20Miranda | Francisco de Miranda
declared War with Morocco, and Miranda experienced his first combat during the conflict.
While Miranda was assigned to guard the stations of an unwanted colonial presence in North Africa, he began to draw connections to the similar colonial presence in Spanish South America. His first military fea... | 20,425 |
420493 | Francisco de Miranda | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco%20de%20Miranda | Francisco de Miranda
from complaints that he spent too much time reading, to financial discrepancies, to the most serious disciplinary charges of violence and abuse of authority. One of Miranda's well-known enemies was Colonel Don Juan Manuel de Cagigal, who charged Miranda with the loss of company funds and brutalitie... | 20,426 |
420493 | Francisco de Miranda | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco%20de%20Miranda | Francisco de Miranda
Britain to maintain multiple simultaneous war fronts, and to seek a recovery of Gibraltar. The Spanish captain general of Louisiana, Bernardo de Gálvez, in 1779 attacked the British at Baton Rouge and Natchez, freeing the Mississippi River basin of hostile forces that could threaten its capital, Ne... | 20,427 |
420493 | Francisco de Miranda | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco%20de%20Miranda | Francisco de Miranda
9, 1781, and Miranda was awarded the temporary title of lieutenant colonel during this action. Miranda also contributed to the French success of a naval battle at the Chesapeake Bay when he helped the Count de Grasse raise needed funds and supplies.
## The Antilles.
Miranda remained prominent whi... | 20,428 |
420493 | Francisco de Miranda | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco%20de%20Miranda | Francisco de Miranda
1781, that regulated the exchange of Spanish prisoners. However, Miranda also entered into a deal with a British merchant, Philip Allwood. Miranda agreed to use the ships he had secured from the British to transport Allwood's goods back to Spain to sell them. Upon his return, Miranda was charged wi... | 20,429 |
420493 | Francisco de Miranda | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco%20de%20Miranda | Francisco de Miranda
Bahamas and carried news of the island's fall to his superior Bernardo de Gálvez. Gálvez was angry that the Bahamas expedition had gone ahead without his permission, and he imprisoned Cajigal and had Miranda arrested. Miranda was later released, but this experience of Spanish officialdom may have b... | 20,430 |
420493 | Francisco de Miranda | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco%20de%20Miranda | Francisco de Miranda
French to invade Jamaica, the last British stronghold in the Gulf of Mexico, and Guárico was the ideal place to plan these operations, being close to the island and providing easy access for troops and commanders. Miranda was seen as the right person to plan operations because he had a firsthand kn... | 20,431 |
420493 | Francisco de Miranda | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco%20de%20Miranda | Francisco de Miranda
against Miranda became greater. Eventually Miranda's problems with the Inquisition became complicated and he was sent to Havana to be arrested and sent to Spain. For various reasons these plans were thwarted, and, fearing the imminence of his arrest, Miranda decided to go to the United States. With... | 20,432 |
420493 | Francisco de Miranda | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco%20de%20Miranda | Francisco de Miranda
Miranda prepared and fixed a correspondence technique, used for the rest of his journey: he would meet people through the gift or loan of books, and examine the culture and customs of the places through which he passed in a methodical way. Passing through Charleston, Philadelphia, and Boston, he de... | 20,433 |
420493 | Francisco de Miranda | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco%20de%20Miranda | Francisco de Miranda
He was personally acquainted with George Washington in Philadelphia. He also met General Henry Knox, Thomas Paine, Alexander Hamilton, Samuel Adams, and Thomas Jefferson. He also visited various institutions of the new nation that impressed him such as the Library of Newport and Princeton College.
... | 20,434 |
420493 | Francisco de Miranda | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco%20de%20Miranda | Francisco de Miranda
considered among the eminent scholars of the time.
## Prussia.
The first secretary of the U.S. embassy, Colonel William Stephens Smith, whom Miranda knew from his stay in New York, came to England at around the same time. Miranda and Smith decided to travel to Prussia to attend military exercises... | 20,435 |
420493 | Francisco de Miranda | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco%20de%20Miranda | Francisco de Miranda
have Miranda arrested when he reached Calais, France, where he could be handed over to Spain. The plan fell apart because the Venezuelan and his friend went on 10 August 1785 to a Dutch port (Hellevoetsluis) instead.
## Russia.
Miranda then travelled throughout Europe, including present-day Belgi... | 20,436 |
420493 | Francisco de Miranda | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco%20de%20Miranda | Francisco de Miranda
Joseph Haydn.
Attempts to abduct Miranda by the diplomatic representatives of Spain failed as the Russian Ambassador in London, Semyon Vorontsov, declared on August 4, 1789, to the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, Francis Osborne, 5th Duke of Leeds, that Miranda, although a Spanish subject,... | 20,437 |
420493 | Francisco de Miranda | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco%20de%20Miranda | Francisco de Miranda
Miranda and the French Revolution (1791–1798).
Starting in 1791, Miranda took an active part in the French Revolution as marechal de camp. In Paris, he befriended the Girondists Jacques Pierre Brissot and Jérôme Pétion de Villeneuve, and he briefly served as a general in the section of the French ... | 20,438 |
420493 | Francisco de Miranda | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco%20de%20Miranda | Francisco de Miranda
François Dumouriez, the renegade general. Though indicted before the Revolutionary Tribunal – and under attack in Jean-Paul Marat's "L'Ami du peuple" – he and his lawyer Claude François Chauveau-Lagarde conducted his defence with such calm eloquence that he was declared innocent.
However, Marat de... | 20,439 |
420493 | Francisco de Miranda | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco%20de%20Miranda | Francisco de Miranda
his previous acquittal.
Miranda seems to have survived by a combination of good luck and political expediency: the revolutionary government simply could not agree on what to do with him. He remained in La Force even after the fall of Robespierre in July 1794, and was not finally released until Jan... | 20,440 |
420493 | Francisco de Miranda | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco%20de%20Miranda | Francisco de Miranda
escape and go into hiding.
He reappeared after being given permission to remain in France, though that did not stop his involvement in yet another monarchist plot in September 1797. The police were ordered to arrest the "Peruvian general", as the said general submerged himself yet again in the und... | 20,441 |
420493 | Francisco de Miranda | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco%20de%20Miranda | Francisco de Miranda
an ally of Napoleon. Home Riggs Popham was commissioned by prime minister Pitt in 1805 to study the plans proposed by Miranda to the British Government, Popham then persuaded the authorities that, as the Spanish Colonies were discontented, it would be more easy to promote a rising in Buenos Aires. ... | 20,442 |
420493 | Francisco de Miranda | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco%20de%20Miranda | Francisco de Miranda
with Miranda but did not involve themselves or their nation in his plans, which would have been a violation of the Neutrality Act of 1794. In New York Miranda privately began organizing a filibustering expedition to liberate Venezuela. Along with Colonel Smith he raised private funds, procured weap... | 20,443 |
420493 | Francisco de Miranda | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco%20de%20Miranda | Francisco de Miranda
1806.
In Jacmel, Haiti, Miranda acquired two other ships, the "Bee" and the "Bacchus", and their crews. It was in Jacmel on March 12 that Miranda made and raised on the "Leander", the first "Venezuelan" flag, which he had personally designed. On April 28, a botched landing attempt in Ocumare de la... | 20,444 |
420493 | Francisco de Miranda | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco%20de%20Miranda | Francisco de Miranda
aboard of the "Leander" escaped, escorted by the packet ship HMS "Lilly" to the British islands of Grenada, Trinidad, and Barbados, where he met with Admiral Alexander Cochrane. As Spain was then at war with Britain, Cochrane and the governor of Trinidad Sir Thomas Hislop, 1st Baronet agreed to pro... | 20,445 |
420493 | Francisco de Miranda | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco%20de%20Miranda | Francisco de Miranda
under the Count de Rouveray, 60 men under Colonel Dowie, and 30 seamen and marines from HMS "Lilly" under Lieutenant Beddingfelt landed. This force cleared the beach of Spanish forces and captured a battery of four 9- and 12-pounder guns; the attackers had four men severely wounded, all from HMS "L... | 20,446 |
420493 | Francisco de Miranda | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco%20de%20Miranda | Francisco de Miranda
and 14 seamen who were getting water, unbeknownst to Lieutenant Donald Campbell. HMS "Lilly" landed 20 men on the morning of 10 August; this landing party killed a dozen Spaniards, but was able to rescue only one of the captive seamen. Colonel Downie and 50 men were sent, but the colonel judged the... | 20,447 |
420493 | Francisco de Miranda | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco%20de%20Miranda | Francisco de Miranda
by a federal grand jury in New York for piracy and violating the Neutrality Act of 1794. Put on trial Colonel Smith claimed his orders came from President Thomas Jefferson and Secretary of State James Madison, who refused to appear in court. Both Colonel Smith and Ogden stood trial and were found n... | 20,448 |
420493 | Francisco de Miranda | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco%20de%20Miranda | Francisco de Miranda
command of Arthur Wellesley, but Napoleon's invasion of Spain suddenly transformed Spain into an ally of Britain, and the force instead went there to fight in the Peninsular War.
# The First Republic of Venezuela (1811–1812).
## Return to Venezuela.
Venezuela achieved "de facto" independence on ... | 20,449 |
420493 | Francisco de Miranda | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco%20de%20Miranda | Francisco de Miranda
among them Bolívar, and a crowd of common people enthusiastically received Miranda in La Guaira. In Caracas he agitated for the provisional government to declare independence from Spain under the rule of Joseph Bonaparte.
Miranda gathered around him a group of similarly minded individuals and help... | 20,450 |
420493 | Francisco de Miranda | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco%20de%20Miranda | Francisco de Miranda
his "tricolor" as the Republic's flag.
## Decay of the First Republic of Venezuela.
### Crisis of the Republic.
The following year Miranda and the young Republic's fortunes turned. Republican forces failed to subdue areas of Venezuela (the provinces of Coro, Maracaibo and Guyana) that had remain... | 20,451 |
420493 | Francisco de Miranda | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco%20de%20Miranda | Francisco de Miranda
March 26, 1812, as services for Maundy Thursday were beginning. The Caracas Junta had been established on a Maundy Thursday April 19, 1810 as well, so the earthquake fell on its second anniversary in the liturgical calendar. This was interpreted by many as a sign from Providence. It was explained b... | 20,452 |
420493 | Francisco de Miranda | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco%20de%20Miranda | Francisco de Miranda
army and the majority of the clergy, began to secretly plot against the Republic or outright defect. Other provinces refused to send reinforcements to Caracas Province. Worse still, whole provinces began to switch sides. On July 4, an uprising brought Barcelona over to the royalist side.
### Miran... | 20,453 |
420493 | Francisco de Miranda | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco%20de%20Miranda | Francisco de Miranda
a small force under his command into a large army, as people joined him on his advance towards Valencia, leaving Miranda in charge of only a small area of central Venezuela. In these dire circumstances Miranda was given broad political powers by his government.
### Defeat of the Republican army.
... | 20,454 |
420493 | Francisco de Miranda | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco%20de%20Miranda | Francisco de Miranda
1812, signed in San Mateo. Then Colonel Bolívar and other revolutionary officers claimed his actions as treasonous.
## The arrest of Miranda.
Bolívar and others arrested Miranda and handed him over to the Spanish Royal Army in La Guaira port. For his apparent services to the royalist cause, Monte... | 20,455 |
420493 | Francisco de Miranda | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco%20de%20Miranda | Francisco de Miranda
believed the Spaniards would observe the treaty, he should have remained to keep them to their word; if he did not, he was a traitor to have sacrificed his army to it."
By handing over Miranda to the Spanish, Bolívar assured himself a passport from the Spanish authorities (passports which, neverth... | 20,456 |
420493 | Francisco de Miranda | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco%20de%20Miranda | Francisco de Miranda
aged 66, on July 14, 1816. He was buried in a mass grave, making it impossible to identify his remains, so an empty tomb has been left for him in the National Pantheon of Venezuela.
# Miranda's ideals.
## Political beliefs.
Miranda has long been associated with the struggle of the Spanish coloni... | 20,457 |
420493 | Francisco de Miranda | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco%20de%20Miranda | Francisco de Miranda
for this empire, after the explorer Christopher Columbus.
## Freemasonry.
Similarly to some others in the history of American Independence (George Washington, José de San Martín, Bernardo O'Higgins and Simón Bolívar), Miranda was a Freemason. In London he founded the lodge "The Great American Reu... | 20,458 |
420493 | Francisco de Miranda | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco%20de%20Miranda | Francisco de Miranda
latter was assigned female at birth. According to historian Linda de Pauw, "Miranda was an ardent feminist, named women as his literary executors, and published an impassioned plea for female education a year before Mary Wollstonecraft published her famous "Vindication of the Rights of Women"."
# ... | 20,459 |
420493 | Francisco de Miranda | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco%20de%20Miranda | Francisco de Miranda
and his portrait is in the Palace of Versailles. His statue is in the Square de l'Amérique-Latine in the 17th arrondissement.
- Miranda's name has been honoured several times, including in the name of the Venezuelan state, Miranda (created in 1889), a Venezuelan harbour, Puerto Miranda, a subway s... | 20,460 |
420493 | Francisco de Miranda | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco%20de%20Miranda | Francisco de Miranda
One of the Bolivarian missions, Mission Miranda, is named after him.
- Miranda's life was portrayed in the Venezuelan film "Francisco de Miranda" (2006), as well as in the unrelated film "Miranda Returns" (2007).
- Pensacola, Florida, has a square named after him.
- There are statues of Miranda ... | 20,461 |
420493 | Francisco de Miranda | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco%20de%20Miranda | Francisco de Miranda
references:"
- Biggs, James. "History of Miranda's Attempt in South America", London, 1809.
- The Marqués de Rojas, "El General Miranda", Paris, 1884.
- The Marqués de Rojas "Miranda dans la révolution française", Carácas, 1889.
- Robertson, W. S. "Francisco de Miranda and the Revolutionizing o... | 20,462 |
420493 | Francisco de Miranda | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco%20de%20Miranda | Francisco de Miranda
Murray, London (2000).
- Miranda, Francisco de. (Judson P. Wood, translator. John S. Ezell, ed.) "The New Democracy in America: Travels of Francisco de Miranda in the United States, 1783–84". Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1963.
- Racine, Karen. Francisco De Miranda: A Transatlantic Life i... | 20,463 |
420493 | Francisco de Miranda | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco%20de%20Miranda | Francisco de Miranda
González, Alfonso. "Francisco de Miranda. Protolíder de la Independencia Americana (Biografía)". Caracas: Ediciones de la Presidencia de la República, 2006.
- Smith, Denis. "General Miranda's Wars: Turmoil and Revolt in Spanish America, 1750-1816". Toronto, Bev Editions (e-book), 2013.
- Thorning... | 20,464 |
420493 | Francisco de Miranda | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco%20de%20Miranda | Francisco de Miranda
– The complete digitized files of Francisco de Miranda, mostly in Spanish, with translations of his documents written in English and French. More than 15 volumes in relation to Miranda's voyages, the French Revolution and the negotiations of Miranda with foreign nations, specially Great Britain.
-... | 20,465 |
420493 | Francisco de Miranda | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco%20de%20Miranda | Francisco de Miranda
ns of his documents written in English and French. More than 15 volumes in relation to Miranda's voyages, the French Revolution and the negotiations of Miranda with foreign nations, specially Great Britain.
- Grogan, Samuel "Francisco de Miranda", History Text Archive
- Another statue by Lorenzo ... | 20,466 |
420438 | Steven Tyler | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Steven%20Tyler | Steven Tyler
Steven Tyler
Steven Tyler (born Steven Victor Tallarico; March 26, 1948) is an American singer, songwriter, actor, and former television panelist. He is best known as the lead singer of the Boston-based rock band Aerosmith, in which he also plays the harmonica, piano, and percussion. He is known as the "D... | 20,467 |
420438 | Steven Tyler | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Steven%20Tyler | Steven Tyler
the Attic" and "Rocks", along with a string of hit singles, including "Dream On", "Sweet Emotion" and "Walk This Way". By the late 1970s and early 1980s, Tyler had a heavy drug and alcohol addiction and the band's popularity waned. In 1986, Tyler completed drug rehabilitation and Aerosmith rose to prominen... | 20,468 |
420438 | Steven Tyler | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Steven%20Tyler | Steven Tyler
embarked on their longest and most extensive concert tours, promoted their singles with conceptual music videos and made notable appearances in television, film and video games.
In the wake of this success, Tyler emerged as one of the most enduring rock icons. Since the late 1980s, he has embarked on seve... | 20,469 |
420438 | Steven Tyler | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Steven%20Tyler | Steven Tyler
in 2011). While tension with his Aerosmith bandmates boiled in 2009 and 2010 after he fell off the stage at a concert, had a relapse with prescription drugs (which he successfully received treatment for in 2009), and signed on to "American Idol" without telling his bandmates, Tyler has continued to record ... | 20,470 |
420438 | Steven Tyler | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Steven%20Tyler | Steven Tyler
is included among "Rolling Stone's" 100 Greatest Singers. He was ranked third on "Hit Parader"'s Top 100 Metal Vocalists of All Time. In 2001, he was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame with Aerosmith and in 2013, Tyler and his songwriting partner Joe Perry received the ASCAP Founders Award and we... | 20,471 |
420438 | Steven Tyler | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Steven%20Tyler | Steven Tyler
1916September 10, 2011), a classical musician and pianist who taught music at Cardinal Spellman High School in The Bronx.
His father was of Italian and German descent, while his mother was possibly of Polish and English ancestry. He has noted on a number of occasions that his maternal grandfather was Ukra... | 20,472 |
420438 | Steven Tyler | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Steven%20Tyler | Steven Tyler
New York, but was expelled from the school due to drug use. He later graduated from Quintano's school for Young Professionals.
At 17, Tyler spent time in Greenwich Village, New York, the highlight of which was seeing a Rolling Stones concert. Tyler states that he and his friends "hung around for a while, ... | 20,473 |
420438 | Steven Tyler | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Steven%20Tyler | Steven Tyler
Tyler wrote what would become one of Aerosmith's signature songs, "Dream On". In 1969, Tyler attended a local rock show in Sunapee, New Hampshire, where he first saw future bandmates Joe Perry (guitars) and Tom Hamilton (bass), who at the time were playing in a band called the Jam Band. Tyler later stated ... | 20,474 |
420438 | Steven Tyler | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Steven%20Tyler | Steven Tyler
guitar. Driven by a collective ambition to launch their careers as full-time musicians and hopeful recording artists, the band moved to Boston, and shared a small apartment at 1325 Commonwealth Avenue, in Brighton in the fall of 1970. Shortly after relocating to Boston, Tyler's dissatisfaction with Tabano'... | 20,475 |
420438 | Steven Tyler | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Steven%20Tyler | Steven Tyler
working with New York managers Steve Leber and David Krebs. Leber describes the band as "the closest thing I've ever seen to the Rolling Stones". In early 1972, the managers arranged the gig at the legendary nightclub Max's Kansas City to showcase the group to record company executives. They subsequently s... | 20,476 |
420438 | Steven Tyler | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Steven%20Tyler | Steven Tyler
until the back-to-back releases of their next sets of albums, "Toys in the Attic" (1975) and "Rocks" (1976). In 1975, they achieved their first top-40 hit in "Sweet Emotion". Soon after, "Dream On" was re-released and hit number six in 1976, followed by another top-10 hit "Walk This Way". Additionally, "Ro... | 20,477 |
420438 | Steven Tyler | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Steven%20Tyler | Steven Tyler
to international fame and recognition, launching tours in Europe and Japan. A series of Hot 100 hits continued throughout the remainder of the decade, including "Draw the Line", "Kings and Queens", and "Chip Away the Stone". Aerosmith's first five albums have also all since gone multiplatinum and all five ... | 20,478 |
420438 | Steven Tyler | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Steven%20Tyler | Steven Tyler
Hearts Club Band", alongside his Aerosmith bandmates. The film also spawned Aerosmith's cover of the Beatles hit "Come Together", which was Aerosmith's last top-40 single for nine years.
## Decline of Aerosmith (1979–1983).
As the decade wore on, the fast-paced life of touring, recording, living together... | 20,479 |
420438 | Steven Tyler | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Steven%20Tyler | Steven Tyler
begin his own band, The Joe Perry Project. "Night in the Ruts" was released that fall, and Aerosmith forged on with new guitarist Jimmy Crespo.
In the fall of 1980, Tyler was injured in a motorcycle crash that left him hospitalized for two months, and unable to tour or record for much of 1981. When the ba... | 20,480 |
420438 | Steven Tyler | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Steven%20Tyler | Steven Tyler
increased. His heroin addiction was at its worst between 1979 and 1982, when he would roam the streets of New York City looking for dealers.
## Reuniting and getting clean (1984–1986).
On February 14, 1984, Perry and Whitford, who left the band in 1979 and 1981, respectively, attended an Aerosmith show. ... | 20,481 |
420438 | Steven Tyler | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Steven%20Tyler | Steven Tyler
contract with Geffen Records. Aerosmith embarked on a reunion tour, the Back in the Saddle Tour, and recorded once again, releasing "Done with Mirrors" in 1985. However, the band was still using drugs, especially Tyler, who collapsed while performing in Springfield, Illinois, on the 1984 tour. In 1986, the... | 20,482 |
420438 | Steven Tyler | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Steven%20Tyler | Steven Tyler
"Walk This Way" in 1986, a track that combined elements of hip-hop and rock, that broke down the barriers between the two genres, broke rap into the mainstream, and introduced Aerosmith to a new generation. The track hit number four on the charts and launched a famous music video that had a heavy rotation.... | 20,483 |
420438 | Steven Tyler | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Steven%20Tyler | Steven Tyler
"Permanent Vacation" in 1987, which became a huge multiplatinum success and launched three top-20 hits ("Dude (Looks Like a Lady)", "Angel", and "Rag Doll"). The band launched a tour with the emerging Guns N' Roses, opening many shows. "Permanent Vacation" was followed by 1989's "Pump", which was even more... | 20,484 |
420438 | Steven Tyler | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Steven%20Tyler | Steven Tyler
such as Australia for the first time. In the late 1980s, Tyler also guested on albums by comedian Sam Kinison, Alice Cooper (a fellow '70s rocker also launching a successful comeback) and popular contemporaries Mötley Crüe. Around that time, Tyler and Perry appeared at a Bon Jovi concert in Milton Keynes a... | 20,485 |
420438 | Steven Tyler | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Steven%20Tyler | Steven Tyler
1991, Aerosmith was one of the first bands to be featured on "The Simpsons". That year, the band also signed a $30 million record deal with their old label Columbia, for which they would begin recording later that decade. The box set "Pandora's Box" was released by Columbia in late 1991, and the band film... | 20,486 |
420438 | Steven Tyler | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Steven%20Tyler | Steven Tyler
material being considered for this album, targeting Tyler's sexually profane lyrics in particular.
However, the band eventually began recording again and released "Get a Grip" in 1993, which became their most successful album worldwide, selling over 15 million copies and producing a series of hit singles ... | 20,487 |
420438 | Steven Tyler | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Steven%20Tyler | Steven Tyler
for their videos at this time, which featured film-like storylines and up-and-coming actors and actresses such as Edward Furlong, Stephen Dorff, Jason London, Josh Holloway, and most notably Alicia Silverstone. Tyler's daughter Liv made her acting debut in the band's video for "Crazy" in 1994. The band als... | 20,488 |
420438 | Steven Tyler | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Steven%20Tyler | Steven Tyler
the previous 10 years under the helm of manager Tim Collins, who helped orchestrate much of the band's comeback and sustained success. Tyler and Perry also began writing for a new album, and the band performed a couple of one-off shows in Boston to try out the new material. They also vacationed together wi... | 20,489 |
420438 | Steven Tyler | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Steven%20Tyler | Steven Tyler
platinum, launched three hits ("Falling in Love (Is Hard on the Knees)", "Hole in My Soul", and "Pink"), and won the band their fourth Grammy for "Pink". They toured for over two years in support of the album. In 1997, Tyler and Perry were featured in a commercial for the GAP. That fall, the band's was rel... | 20,490 |
420438 | Steven Tyler | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Steven%20Tyler | Steven Tyler
to debut at number one on the Hot 100. It has since become a slow-dance staple, and at the time introduced Aerosmith and Steven Tyler to yet another new generation. The song was written for the film "Armageddon", which featured Tyler's daughter Liv. In 1999, Tyler and Perry joined Kid Rock and Run–D.M.C. t... | 20,491 |
420438 | Steven Tyler | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Steven%20Tyler | Steven Tyler
top-10 hit "Jaded". At the 2001 Indianapolis 500, Tyler sang the National Anthem in traditional Aerosmith style – complete with a raspy voice, bluesy swagger, and a hard rocker yell. When Tyler sang the National Anthem, he changed the words which caused a public outcry. Instead of singing "Land of the free... | 20,492 |
420438 | Steven Tyler | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Steven%20Tyler | Steven Tyler
concert in Washington, DC. Tyler donned a full-length jacket featuring the American flag, and the band performed a brief set including "Livin' on the Edge", "I Don't Want to Miss a Thing", "Just Push Play", and "Walk This Way". The band flew back to Indianapolis to perform a show that same night.
In 2002,... | 20,493 |
420438 | Steven Tyler | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Steven%20Tyler | Steven Tyler
In 2003, he received an honorary degree from Berklee College of Music, and in 2005, received an honorary doctorate from the University of Massachusetts Boston. In 2003, he inducted AC/DC into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Later in the year, he went on tour with Aerosmith for the Rocksimus Maximus Tour wi... | 20,494 |
420438 | Steven Tyler | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Steven%20Tyler | Steven Tyler
Tyler sang lead vocals on Santana's hit single "Just Feel Better" and made a cameo appearance in the film "Be Cool". In 2006, after recovering from throat surgery and the grueling Rockin' the Joint Tour, Steven Tyler performed with Joe Perry and the Boston Pops Orchestra for the orchestra's annual Fourth o... | 20,495 |
420438 | Steven Tyler | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Steven%20Tyler | Steven Tyler
version of a song found on Anderson's debut album, was released as a single on the U.S. Hot Country Songs charts.
Later that year, the Aerosmith compilation "" was released, which included two new tracks. Tyler hit the road with Aerosmith again for the Route of All Evil Tour with Mötley Crüe and also made... | 20,496 |
420438 | Steven Tyler | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Steven%20Tyler | Steven Tyler
dinner to the needy at a restaurant in West Palm Beach, Florida, before an Aerosmith show there. In 2007, Tyler kept active in Aerosmith with the band's world tour which had them perform in 19 countries. That same year, Steven and Liv Tyler were profiled on "E! True Hollywood Story."
On May 21, 2008, Tyle... | 20,497 |
420438 | Steven Tyler | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Steven%20Tyler | Steven Tyler
phone and get back on my feet." In June 2008, "" was released, the franchise's first video game based solely around one band and the most successful game based around a band. On July 14, 2008, Tyler's mother, Susan Tallarico, died at age 84.
On July 18, 2008, Tyler appeared with Billy Joel at the last con... | 20,498 |
420438 | Steven Tyler | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Steven%20Tyler | Steven Tyler
Orchestra concerts at Nassau Coliseum (December 12, 2008) and the Izod Center (December 13, 2008). At the Izod Center, he collaborated with the Trans-Siberian Orchestra on "Dream On" and "Sweet Emotion".
## Touring, "American Idol", "Does the Noise in My Head Bother You?", and "Music from Another Dimensio... | 20,499 |
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