wikipedia_id stringlengths 2 8 | wikipedia_title stringlengths 1 243 | url stringlengths 44 370 | contents stringlengths 53 2.22k | id int64 0 6.14M |
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74594 | Lublin | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lublin | Lublin
Theatre - with puppet programmes for children
Fringe theatres:
- Centrum Projekt Pracovnia Maat
- Centrum Kultury w Lublinie
- Ośrodek Praktyk Teatralnych – Gardzienice
- Ośrodek „Brama Grodzka - Theatre NN”
### Galleries.
There are numerous art galleries in Lublin; some are run by private owners, and som... | 7,300 |
74594 | Lublin | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lublin | Lublin
Catering to students, who account for 35% of the population, the city offers a vibrant music and nightclub scene Lublin has many theatres and museums and a professional orchestra, the Lublin Philharmonic. Old buildings, even ruins, create a magic and unique atmosphere of the renaissance city. Lublin’s Old Town h... | 7,301 |
74594 | Lublin | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lublin | Lublin
by burgher houses and winding lanes.
In the Old Town and the immediate environs there are over 100 restaurants, cafes, pubs, clubs and other catering outlets, with cuisine of all kinds, ranging from haut cuisine to takeaways
## City of festivals.
Lublin would like to be known as "the Capital of Festivals". Ev... | 7,302 |
74594 | Lublin | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lublin | Lublin
make art installations in public places in Lublin.
- Museum Night - like in whole world, Lublin's museums, are opened for visitors.
- Jarmark Jagielloński - "Jagiellonian Trades" - every year, about 100k tourists, arrive in Lublin to feel a middle-age atmosphere.
- Lubelskie Dni Kultury Studenckiej - an annua... | 7,303 |
74594 | Lublin | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lublin | Lublin
Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin.
- Strefa Inne Brzmienia "("Different Sounds Area" International Music Festival", which connects Lublin and Lviv citizens together.
- Lublin. Miasto Poezji - Poetry Festival organised by "Ośrodek "Brama Grodzka - Teatr NN"" and Polish Literature Institute of Catholic... | 7,304 |
74594 | Lublin | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lublin | Lublin
Spotkania Teatrów Tańca - International "Lublin Dance Festival"
- Międzynarodowy Festiwal Teatralny "Konfrontacje" - "International Theatre Festival "Confrontations""
- Festiwal Kultury Alternatywnej "ZdaErzenia" - Festival of Alternative Culture in Lublin
- Sąsiedzi - Festiwal Teatrów Europy Środkowej - "Nei... | 7,305 |
74594 | Lublin | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lublin | Lublin
Internet Theatre, project of Lublin Maat Theatre,
- Scena Młodych - "Youth Scene", music festival
- Zwierciadła - "Mirrors" - High School Theatres Revision
- Zaduszki Jazzowe - "Jazz All Souls' Day" - it takes place in Dominican Order Monastery
- "Invitro" Scena Prapremier - ""Invitro" Pre-première Scene"
-... | 7,306 |
74594 | Lublin | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lublin | Lublin
of Culture. Lublin won through to shortlisting and was considered a dark horse of that competition. Ultimately Wrocław was chosen.
Since 2007, there are special meetings, "enter2016", which anyone could take part in. The city's Marketing Office have created a website: Lublin2016.eu, available in Polish, English... | 7,307 |
74594 | Lublin | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lublin | Lublin
EHF Cup in season 2000-01.
- Motor Lublin – professional football team competing in the Polish 3rd league ().
- Lublinianka – men's football team competing in the Polish 4th league ().
- Budowlani Lublin – a local rugby union team competing in the Polish, and surrounding district league.
- Speed Car Motor Lu... | 7,308 |
74594 | Lublin | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lublin | Lublin
Medical University of Lublin
- University of Life Sciences in Lublin
- Politechnika Lubelska
Lublin is home to private higher education establishments.
- University of Economics and Innovation in Lublin
- Lubelska Szkoła Biznesu
- Wyższa Szkoła Nauk Społecznych z siedzibą w Lublinie
- Wyższa Szkoła Przeds... | 7,309 |
74594 | Lublin | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lublin | Lublin
Jarosław Stawiarski (15 807)
- Krzysztof Michałkiewicz (15 806)
- Lech Sprawka (15 713)
- Krzysztof Głuchowski (9 924)
- Krzysztof Szulowski (9 019)
- Jerzy Bielecki (8 510)
Notable Members of Parliament (Sejm) elected from Lublin constituency:
- Zyta Gilowska, PiS
- Stanisław Głębocki, Samoobrona
- Ark... | 7,310 |
74594 | Lublin | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lublin | Lublin
Samoobrona
Members of the European Parliament elected from the Lublin constituency include Lena Kolarska-Bobińska.
# International relations.
Lublin is a pilot city of the Council of Europe and the EU Intercultural cities programme.
## Twin towns — sister cities.
Lublin is twinned with:
# Notable residents... | 7,311 |
74594 | Lublin | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lublin | Lublin
place
- Rabbi Jacob ben Ephraim (unknown-1648), "The Gaon Rabbi Jacob of Lublin"
- Rabbi Joshua Falk (1555–1614), also known as Joshua ben Alexander HaCohen Falk
- Rabbi Shneur Zalman Fradkin (1830-1902), "The Toras Chessed"
- Rabbi Aryeh Tzvi Frumer (1884-1943), "The Kozhiglover Rav", Holocaust victim
- Ra... | 7,312 |
74594 | Lublin | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lublin | Lublin
scholar, political activist, painter and author
- Anna Langfus (1920-1966), nee Anna Szternfinkiel, writer, Prix de Goncourt winner in 1966
- Felix Lembersky (1913-1970), artist, painter
- Janusz Lewandowski (1951-), MEP, former minister of privatisation
- Rabbi Solomon Luria (1510-1573), "The Maharshal"
-... | 7,313 |
74594 | Lublin | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lublin | Lublin
(1887-1933), "The Lubliner Rav"
- Rabbi Joel Sirkis (1561-1640), also known as Joel ben Samuel Sirkis
- Henryk Wieniawski (1835–1880), violinist; born in Lublin
- Rabbi Yaakov Yitzchak of Lublin (1745–1815), "The Seer of Lublin"
- Rabbi Mordecai Yoffe (1530-1612), "The Levush"
- Wladyslaw Zmuda, Polish foot... | 7,314 |
74594 | Lublin | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lublin | Lublin
d Cup participant
- Johann Hermann Zukertort, chess grand master
- Henio Zytomirski (1933-1942), Holocaust victim
- Sylvia Buhajewska, Colleague at Sainsburys Supermarket in Colne
# See also.
- Lublin Department (Polish: "Departament Lubelski"): a unit of administrative division and local government in Pola... | 7,315 |
74608 | Tychy | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tychy | Tychy
Tychy
Tychy (former ) is a city in Silesia, Poland, approximately south of Katowice. Situated on the southern edge of the Upper Silesian industrial district, the city borders Katowice to the north, Mikołów to the west, Bieruń to the east and Kobiór to the south. The Gostynia river, a tributary of the Vistula, fl... | 7,316 |
74608 | Tychy | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tychy | Tychy
is well known for its brewing industry and its international developed brand Tyskie, which dates back to the 17th century. Since 1950 Tychy has grown rapidly, mainly as a result of post-war socialist planning policies enacted to disperse the population of industrial Upper Silesia.
# Districts.
- Cielmice () (so... | 7,317 |
74608 | Tychy | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tychy | Tychy
() (north)
- Żwaków () (west)
- Osiedle "A(nna)"
# History.
## Etymology.
The moniker Tychy is derived from the Polish word "cichy", meaning "quiet" or "still". Although appropriate for most of Tychy's history, the name is now somewhat ironic considering the growth of the city from 1950 onwards.
## Origins ... | 7,318 |
74608 | Tychy | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tychy | Tychy
of the Austrian Habsburg Monarchy. This situation came to an end when Prussia forcibly took the land in 1742, before itself becoming part of the German Empire between 1871 and 1918. For a short period between 1918 and 1921 Tychy was just inside the border of the newly formed Weimar Republic and still a part of th... | 7,319 |
74608 | Tychy | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tychy | Tychy
between World War I and World War II, reaching a population of 11,000 at its highest point during this time.
### invasion and occupation.
Along with the rest of industrial Upper Silesia Tychy was occupied by Nazi Germany forces after the invasion of Poland and absorbed into the Third Reich, while many of its i... | 7,320 |
74608 | Tychy | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tychy | Tychy
near to Katowice with the intention that it would not be a self-sustaining city. Tychy is the largest of the so-called "new towns" in Poland and was built from 1950 to 1985, to allow for urban expansion in the southeast of the Upper Silesian industrial region. By 2006, the population had reached 132,500.
The des... | 7,321 |
74608 | Tychy | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tychy | Tychy
Bieruń-Lędziny County.
Tychy is twinned with the town of Milton Keynes, United Kingdom.
# Industry.
A large Fiat car factory is located in Tychy, that was opened in 1975, and is owned by the Italian manufacturer since 1992. In 2008, the factory had a production of nearly half a million cars. It produces the ne... | 7,322 |
74608 | Tychy | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tychy | Tychy
opened by Isuzu as "Isuzu Motors Polska (ISPOL)" in 1996; 2002 GM took over 60% interest of that company, and in 2013 the remaining 40%.
The Tyskie beer is produced in Tychy, by Kompania Piwowarska, a subsidiary of the multinational brewing company SABMiller. It is reportedly one of the best selling brands of be... | 7,323 |
74608 | Tychy | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tychy | Tychy
sports teams situated near mines or in mining regions.
## Ice hockey.
GKS Tychy ice hockey club is among the most successful in Poland and plays in its premier league, the Ekstraliga. Established in 1971, the team won the Polish Championships in 2005 and has won the Polish Cup four times. The club is housed in ... | 7,324 |
74608 | Tychy | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tychy | Tychy
a pinnacle between 1974 and 1977, making it into top Polish league Ekstraklasa. During those glory days GKS Tychy also participated in the 1976–77 UEFA Cup. Tychy City Stadium () is home to the club and seats 15,300 spectators.
A few notable footballers were either born in Tychy or spent some of their career at ... | 7,325 |
74608 | Tychy | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tychy | Tychy
sporting teams.
Tychy is also home to several other sports teams, including basketball team Big Star Tychy, futsal team GKS Jachym Tychy and floorball team TKKF Pionier Tychy.
# Notable people.
Tychy has been the birthplace and home of notable people, both past and present. German sculptor August Kiss (1802–18... | 7,326 |
74608 | Tychy | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tychy | Tychy
in Tychy itself.
Soldier Roman Polko (b. 1962) is one son of Tychy whose achievements hold national importance today. His distinguished career has led him to the post of acting chief in Poland's Bureau of National Security.
## People from the city.
- Adam Bielecki (born 1983), Polish alpine and high-altitude c... | 7,327 |
74608 | Tychy | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tychy | Tychy
rzysztof Oliwa (born 1973), Polish icehockey player
- Lucyna Langer (born 1956), Polish female athlete
- Łukasz Sinkiewicz (born 1985), Polish-German footballer
- Mariusz Czerkawski (born 1972), Polish icehockey player
- Roman Ogaza (1952–2006), Polish footballer
- Ryszard Riedel (1956–1994), Polish musician... | 7,328 |
74603 | Bielsko-Biała | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bielsko-Biała | Bielsko-Biała
Bielsko-Biała
Bielsko-Biała (; ; ) is a city in southern Poland with a population of approximately 171,259 (in 2018). The city is a centre of the 325,000-strong and is an industrial (particularly automotive), transport, and tourism hub. Located north of the Beskid Mountains, Bielsko-Biała is composed of ... | 7,329 |
74603 | Bielsko-Biała | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bielsko-Biała | Bielsko-Biała
Stare Bielsko (Old Bielsko) district of the city were discovered between 1933 and 1938 by a Polish archaeological team. The settlement was dated to the 12th - 14th centuries. Its dwellers manufactured iron from ore and specialized in smithery. The current centre of the town was probably developed as early... | 7,330 |
74603 | Bielsko-Biała | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bielsko-Biała | Bielsko-Biała
(Mikuszowice Śląskie), "Kamitz" (Kamienica), "Batzdorf" (Komorowice Śląskie) and "Kurzwald" in the west as well as "Kunzendorf" (Lipnik), "Alzen" (Hałcnów) and "Wilmesau" (Wilamowice) in the east. Nearby settlements in the mountains were "Lobnitz" (Wapienica) and "Bistrai" (Bystra).
After the partition o... | 7,331 |
74603 | Bielsko-Biała | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bielsko-Biała | Bielsko-Biała
in 1327 and the Duchy of Oświęcim was sold to the Polish Crown in 1457, the Biała River for centuries marked the border between the Bohemian crown land of Silesia within the Holy Roman Empire and the Lesser Polish region of the Kingdom of Poland and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
With Bohemia and th... | 7,332 |
74603 | Bielsko-Biała | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bielsko-Biała | Bielsko-Biała
II, the Promnitz dynasty and their Schaffgotsch successors ruled the Duchy of Bielsko as a Bohemian state country; acquired by the Austrian chancellor Count Friedrich Wilhelm von Haugwitz in 1752, the ducal status was finally confirmed by Empress Maria Theresa in 1754.
After the Prussian king Frederick t... | 7,333 |
74603 | Bielsko-Biała | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bielsko-Biała | Bielsko-Biała
in a 1564 deed, it received the name Biała in 1584, and belonged at that time to Kraków Voivodeship. Its population increased during the Counter-Reformation in the Habsburg lands, when many Protestant artisans from Bielsko (which did not belong to Poland) moved across the river. Though already named a tow... | 7,334 |
74603 | Bielsko-Biała | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bielsko-Biała | Bielsko-Biała
II. "BIALA" was head of the district with the same name, one of the 78 "Bezirkshauptmannschaften" in the Galicia crownland.
# Modern times.
With the dissolution of Austria–Hungary in 1918 according to the Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye, both cities became part of the reconstituted Polish state, though ... | 7,335 |
74603 | Bielsko-Biała | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bielsko-Biała | Bielsko-Biała
and waged a campaign of intimidating other members of the community to leave for Nazi Germany, with tangible incentives. A considerable number of young ethnic Germans joined the rank-and-file of the Party during the mid-1930s as a result of the Nazi indoctrination and aggressive recruitment. During World ... | 7,336 |
74603 | Bielsko-Biała | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bielsko-Biała | Bielsko-Biała
and new Polish settlers replaced the previous German-speaking inhabitants of the town.
Several well-known Holocaust survivors from Bielsko-Biała are Roman Frister, Gerda Weissmann Klein and Kitty Hart-Moxon. All have written autobiographies about their experiences during World War II.
The combined city ... | 7,337 |
74603 | Bielsko-Biała | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bielsko-Biała | Bielsko-Biała
city was previously capital of Bielsko-Biała Voivodeship (1975–1998).
Bielsko-Biała is one of the most important cities of the Beskidy Euroregion and the main city of the Bielsko Industrial Region (), part of the Upper Silesian metropolitan area.
## Climate.
Bielsko-Biała has a transitional humid conti... | 7,338 |
74603 | Bielsko-Biała | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bielsko-Biała | Bielsko-Biała
About 2% of people are unemployed (compared 5.8% for Poland). Bielsko-Biała is famous for its textile, machine-building, and especially automotive industry. Four areas in the city belong to the Katowice Special Economic Zone. The city region is a home for several manufacturers of high-performance gliders ... | 7,339 |
74603 | Bielsko-Biała | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bielsko-Biała | Bielsko-Biała
is connected with the rest of Poland by the dual carriageway DK1 road running to Tychy where it intersects the Expressway S1 and further to Katowice where it intersects the Motorway A4.
It is planned to extend S1 north along the existing dual carriageway DK1 from Bielsko-Biała to Tychy and Katowice, thus... | 7,340 |
74603 | Bielsko-Biała | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bielsko-Biała | Bielsko-Biała
2014):
Bydgoszcz, Gdańsk, Gdynia, Katowice, Kraków (Cracow), Łódź, Olsztyn, Opole, Szczecin, Toruń, Warszawa (Warsaw), Wrocław.
## Airports.
There are 3 international airports within the 90 km distance from Bielsko-Biała, all serving connections with major European cities:
Katowice International Airpo... | 7,341 |
74603 | Bielsko-Biała | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bielsko-Biała | Bielsko-Biała
Museum, housed in the castle of the Dukes of Cieszyn from 15th century, later Castle of the Sułkowski princes
- built in 1897
- built in 1888
- BWA Bielsko-Biała Gallery of Art
- built in 1890
- St. Nicholas Cathedral built in 1447 and rebuilt in 1909 - 1910
- Jewish Cemetery founded in 1849
- The ... | 7,342 |
74603 | Bielsko-Biała | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bielsko-Biała | Bielsko-Biała
from the city centre) and in a couple of smaller nearby ski resorts.
# Boroughs.
- Aleksandrowice
- Biała
- Hałcnów
- Kamienica
- Komorowice Śląskie i Komorowice Krakowskie
- Leszczyny
- Lipnik
- Mikuszowice Śląskie and Mikuszowice Krakowskie
- Olszówka Dolna and Olszówka Górna
- Stare Bielsko
... | 7,343 |
74603 | Bielsko-Biała | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bielsko-Biała | Bielsko-Biała
Justice)
- Tadeusz Kopeć (Civic Platform)
- Bożena Kotkowska (Democratic Left Alliance)
- Kazimierz Matuszny (Law and Justice)
- Mirosława Nykiel (Civic Platform)
- Stanisław Pięta (Law and Justice)
- Stanisław Szwed (Law and Justice)
- Tomasz Tomczykiewicz (Civic Platform)
- Adam Wykręt (Civic Pl... | 7,344 |
74603 | Bielsko-Biała | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bielsko-Biała | Bielsko-Biała
some matches for the 2019 FIFA U-20 World Cup taking Lubin's place.
## Major teams and athletes.
- TS Podbeskidzie Bielsko-Biała - men's football team playing in Polish I liga.
- - men's futsal team playing in Polish Futsal Ekstraklasa, Polish Champions 2013/2014, Polish Cup and Supercup winners 2012/2... | 7,345 |
74603 | Bielsko-Biała | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bielsko-Biała | Bielsko-Biała
most accomplished glider competition pilot in history, World's (FAI) leading glider competition pilot (currently number two in the world rankings of the FAI Gliding Commission) and the current World Champion in Standard Class and 15m Class.
- Trauda (Gertruda) Dawidowicz married Fuchs, pre-war multichamp... | 7,346 |
74603 | Bielsko-Biała | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bielsko-Biała | Bielsko-Biała
(currently number two in the world rankings of the FAI Gliding Commission) and the current World Champion in Standard Class and 15m Class.
- Trauda (Gertruda) Dawidowicz married Fuchs, pre-war multichampion swimmer free-style.
# International relations.
## Twin towns - Sister cities.
Bielsko-Biała is ... | 7,347 |
74598 | Kielce | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kielce | Kielce
Kielce
Kielce () is a city in south central Poland with 195,774 inhabitants. It has been the capital city of the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship (Holy Cross Province) since 1999, and was previously the capital of the predecessor Kielce Voivodeship (1919–1939, 1945–1998). The city is located in the middle of the Świę... | 7,348 |
74598 | Kielce | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kielce | Kielce
The area was later inhabited at the beginning of the 11th century by hunters and beekeepers, who bartered the fruit of their work for seed grain. It was then that a marketplace was established, where forest products were exchanged for agricultural produce. At the turn of the 12th century, the bishops of Kraków b... | 7,349 |
74598 | Kielce | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kielce | Kielce
rebuilt and surrounded by a high defensive wall, equipped with firing slots for archers.
At the end of the 15th century, Frederick Jagiellon granted the town its official symbols: a golden crown on a red shield with the letters "CK" - "Civitas Kielcensis"; Latin for the City of Kielce. Between 1637 and 1642, du... | 7,350 |
74598 | Kielce | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kielce | Kielce
of Poland. During World War II, Kielce was the site of German Nazi atrocities and executions carried out on the Jewish population in the ghetto. After the war the city saw a massacre of the Jews that had survived the Nazi death camps. One of those murdered was a three-week-old baby. They had returned, hoping to ... | 7,351 |
74598 | Kielce | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kielce | Kielce
for their historic architecture, green spaces and recreational areas such as the Świętokrzyski National Park.
# History.
The area of Kielce has been inhabited since at least the 5th century BC. Until the 6th or 7th century the banks of the Silnica were inhabited by Celts. They were driven out by a Slavic tribe... | 7,352 |
74598 | Kielce | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kielce | Kielce
he was attacked by a band of brigands in a forest. In the dream he saw a vision of Saint Adalbert who drew a winding line which turned into a stream. When Mieszko woke up, he found the Silnica River whose waters helped him regain strength. He also discovered huge white tusks of an unknown animal. Mieszko announc... | 7,353 |
74598 | Kielce | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kielce | Kielce
lived in the area in previous centuries. Other theories connect the town's name to occupational names relating to mud huts, iron tips for arrows and spears, or the production of tar ("pkielce", a settlement of tar makers). The earliest extant document referring to the settlement by the name of Kielce dates to 12... | 7,354 |
74598 | Kielce | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kielce | Kielce
who built a wooden church and a manor. In 1171 a stone church was erected by bishop Gedeon Gryf. During the times of Wincenty Kadłubek a parochial school in Kielce was opened in 1229. By 1295 the town was granted city rights. In the mid-13th century the town was destroyed by the Mongol invasion of Ögedei Khan, b... | 7,355 |
74598 | Kielce | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kielce | Kielce
near the market place by Bishop Jakub Zadzik. It is one of the very few examples of French Renaissance architecture in Poland and the only example of a magnate's manor from the times of Vasa dynasty to survive World War II.
During The Deluge the town was pillaged and burnt by the Swedes. Only the palace and the... | 7,356 |
74598 | Kielce | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kielce | Kielce
a horse breeder, hospital.
## Foreign partitions of Poland.
As a result of the 3rd Partition the town was annexed by Austria. During the Polish-Austrian War of 1809 it was captured by prince Józef Poniatowski and joined with the Duchy of Warsaw, but after the fall of Napoleon Bonaparte in 1815 it was joined wi... | 7,357 |
74598 | Kielce | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kielce | Kielce
In 1816 the first Polish technical university was founded in Kielce. However, after Staszic's death the Industrial Zone declined and in 1826 the school was moved to Warsaw and became the Warsaw University of Technology.
In 1830 many of the inhabitants of Kielce took part in the November Uprising against Russia.... | 7,358 |
74598 | Kielce | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kielce | Kielce
took part in the 1905 Revolution and were joined by factory workers.
## Sovereign Poland.
After the outbreak of World War I, Kielce was the first Polish city to be liberated from Russian rule by the Polish Legions under Józef Piłsudski. After the war when Poland regained its independence after 123 years of Par... | 7,359 |
74598 | Kielce | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kielce | Kielce
Defensive War of 1939, the main portion of the defenders of Westerplatte as well as the armoured brigade of General Stanisław Maczek were either from Kielce or from its close suburbs. During the occupation that lasted for most of the Second World War, the city was an important centre of resistance. There were se... | 7,360 |
74598 | Kielce | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kielce | Kielce
Not to mention, a grenade attack by a unit of the GL on the Smoleński coffee shop, killing 6 Germans including a major in the SS (February 1943), as well as the assassination of the noted Gestapo informant Franz Wittek on 15 June 1944, by a unit under Second Lt. Kazimierz Smolak on the corner of Solna and Padere... | 7,361 |
74598 | Kielce | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kielce | Kielce
by 14 bullets, survived. Successful assassinations of local collaborators, including the shooting of Jan Bocian took place in broad daylight at a shop in Bodzentyńska Street. Similar was the attack on the factory of C. Wawrzyniak in March 1943, terrorizing and disarming the "volksdeutscher" workers and destroyin... | 7,362 |
74598 | Kielce | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kielce | Kielce
"Jodla" Świętokrzyskie Mountains Home Army fought against the Germans long before Operation Tempest inflicted heavy casualties on the occupying forces and later took part in the final liberation of their towns and cities in January 1945. During the war, many of inhabitants of Kielce lost their lives. Today, Kiel... | 7,363 |
74598 | Kielce | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kielce | Kielce
On the eve of the Second World War there were about 18,000 Jews in the city. Between the onset of war and March 1940, the Jewish population of Kielce expanded to 25,400 (35% of all residents), with trains of dispossessed Jews arriving under the escort of "Ordnungspolizei" from the Polish areas annexed by Nazi Ge... | 7,364 |
74598 | Kielce | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kielce | Kielce
of Jews of Kielce during the Holocaust in occupied Poland.
### Kielce Ghetto.
In April 1941, the Kielce Ghetto was formed, surrounded by high fences, barbed wire, and guards. The gentile Poles were ordered to vacate the area and the Jews were given one week to relocate. The ghetto was split in two, along Warsz... | 7,365 |
74598 | Kielce | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kielce | Kielce
Police was formed with 85 members and ordered to guard it. Meanwhile, expulsions elsewhere and deportations to Kielce continued until August 1942 at which time there were 27,000 prisoners crammed in the ghetto. Trains with Jewish families arrived from the entire Kielce Voivodeship, and also from Vienna, Poznań, ... | 7,366 |
74598 | Kielce | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kielce | Kielce
the sick, the elderly, and the disabled; 20,000–21,000 Jews were led into waiting Holocaust trains, and murdered in the gas chambers of Treblinka. After the extermination action only 2,000 Jews were left in Kielce, lodged in the labour camp at Stolarska and Jasna Streets "" within the small ghetto. Those who sur... | 7,367 |
74598 | Kielce | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kielce | Kielce
target of the Kielce pogrom in which 37 (40) Polish Jews (17–21 of whom remain unidentified) and 2 ethnic Poles were killed, including 11 fatally shot with military assault rifles and 11 more stabbed with bayonets, indicating direct involvement of Polish troops.
During Cold War, many Jewish historians theorized... | 7,368 |
74598 | Kielce | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kielce | Kielce
leave the Gulag camps legally. Poland was the only Eastern Bloc country to allow free and unrestricted Jewish aliyah to the nascent State of Israel, upon the conclusion of World War II. After the Kielce pogrom Gen. Spychalski of PWP signed a legislative decree allowing the remaining survivors to leave Poland wit... | 7,369 |
74598 | Kielce | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kielce | Kielce
("Dfb"), typical of this part of Europe. It has cool, cloudy winters with almost daily light snowfall and generally moderate temperatures within a few degrees of the freezing point, and moderately warm and sunny summers, with frequent but brief hot spells and abundant rainfall falling mostly during numerous and ... | 7,370 |
74598 | Kielce | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kielce | Kielce
year, particularly in winter when the contrast between maritime and continental air is at its greatest. Maritime influences from the Atlantic typically bring cool, cloudy, damp and often foggy weather both in summer and in winter, whereas continental air masses often result in long periods of sunny and dry weath... | 7,371 |
74598 | Kielce | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kielce | Kielce
Winds are generally very light throughout the year, with an abundance of calm days, and as a result, cool temperatures often feel much milder than expected due to a relative lack of windchill, especially during sunny spells in early spring, as well as during severe winter cold snaps, which are typically dominate... | 7,372 |
74598 | Kielce | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kielce | Kielce
in tremendous variability from one year to the next. For example, in January 2006, the city experienced typically continental winter weather, resulting in an average daytime high of , recording a nighttime low of on the 24th. The very next year, in January 2007, the weather was predominantly of the Atlantic type... | 7,373 |
74598 | Kielce | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kielce | Kielce
centimeters at a time over a protracted cold spell.
Summer is warm and lasts from June to early September, and is characterized by abundant sunshine, but also severe weather, particularly early in the season. Though temperatures average in the low-to-mid 20s (70s Fahrenheit), they are rather variable with frequ... | 7,374 |
74598 | Kielce | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kielce | Kielce
spring and autumn are highly unpredictable and experience large temperature swings with periods of fine weather and temperatures around as early as March and late into October, alternating with much colder periods. Sharp nighttime frosts can occur as early as September and as late as May, though on calm, clear d... | 7,375 |
74598 | Kielce | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kielce | Kielce
baroque style by Giovanni Battista Trevano and Tomasz Poncino; houses a museum with an important gallery of Polish paintings
- Baroque Cathedral (12th century, rebuilt 1632–1635 and again in the 19th century)
- Holy Trinity Church (1640–1644)
- Tomasz Zieliński romantic manor (1846–1858)
- Old Town market (1... | 7,376 |
74598 | Kielce | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kielce | Kielce
about Holy Cross
- Monastery of Karczówka-An interesting article and photo gallery of the Monastery on Karczówka
# Education.
- Kielce University of Technology ("Politechnika Świętokrzyska")
- Jan Kochanowski University ("Uniwersytet Jana Kochanowskiego")
- Świętokrzyska Szkola Wyzsza
- Wszechnica Świętokr... | 7,377 |
74598 | Kielce | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kielce | Kielce
OR, Kielce
- Juliusz Słowacki High School
- Stefan Żeromski High School
- Jan Śniadecki High School
# Culture.
## The arts.
### Cinemas.
- "Fenomen"
- "Helios" www
- "Moskwa" www
- "Multikino" www
### Theatres.
- Stefan Żeromski Theatre www
- Kieleckie Centrum Kultury - KCK www
- Teatr Lalki i Akto... | 7,378 |
74598 | Kielce | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kielce | Kielce
(1993, 1994, 1996, 1998, 1999, 2003, 2009, 2010, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016), thirteen-time winner of the Polish Cup
- KKL Kielce (athletics) - Official website of KKL Kielce
- Oficina da Capoeira Kielce - Capoeira Club in Kielce
- Muay Thai Kielce
- Żak Kielce (judo club)
- Kielecki Klub Karate Kyokushin... | 7,379 |
74598 | Kielce | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kielce | Kielce
Góra
- Mountain biking in Kielce
- Contact Kielce billiards club from Kielce, Champion of Poland and medalist of Polish League
# Transport.
Kielce is an important transport hub, and is on international and domestic routes:
- Gdańsk – Elbląg – Warszawa – Radom – Kielce – Kraków – Chyżne
- Wiśniówka – Kielce... | 7,380 |
74598 | Kielce | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kielce | Kielce
of district roads, covering 109 streets with a total length of and a network of roads covering 446 streets with a total length of . 57.5% of roads in the city has an improved hard surface, 8.4% of hard surface is not improved, while 34.1% are dirt.
## Railways.
Rail transport came to Kielce in 1885, when the c... | 7,381 |
74598 | Kielce | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kielce | Kielce
Air travel.
At present, air services are only available to the residents of Kielce at Kielce-Masłów Airport, a civilian airport located in nearby Masłów. It is not able to accommodate large passenger planes, because its runway is only 1,200 m. Its reconstruction is seen as not viable and in June 2006 the decisi... | 7,382 |
74598 | Kielce | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kielce | Kielce
department was created.
After many changes today, the city operates 49 regular bus lines (1-53 without 34, 46, 50, 51), 13 new low-decked bus lines with text&audio passenger-information system (102-114), 5 hybrid bus lines with text&audio passenger-information system (34, 46, 50, 51, 54) four lines of special c... | 7,383 |
74598 | Kielce | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kielce | Kielce
Operational Programme Development of Eastern 2007 - 2013 project "Development of public transport system in Kielce Metropolitan Area." They bought 20 new buses - MAZ-203s and Solaris Urbino 12s, and another 20 were bought in 2010. These buses will support new lines. Part of the project, envisages installation of... | 7,384 |
74598 | Kielce | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kielce | Kielce
in Kielce", and has maintained regular passenger long-distance routes.
## Kielce constituency.
Members of Parliament (Sejm) elected from Kielce constituency in 2005 included:
- Przemysław Gosiewski, PiS (votes: 31253)
- Konstanty Miodowicz, PO (14505)
- Włodzimierz Stępień, SLD (12655)
- Małgorzata Olejnik... | 7,385 |
74598 | Kielce | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kielce | Kielce
(3397)
# Notable people.
- Thomas Buergenthal (born 1934), American judge, lived in Kielce Ghetto, an author of "A Lucky Child"
- Czeslaw Biezanko (1895–1986), Polish entomologist
- Gustaw Herling-Grudzinski (1919−2000), Polish writer, journalist and essayist; World War II underground fighter, and political ... | 7,386 |
74598 | Kielce | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kielce | Kielce
Polish priest, philosopher, statesman, poet and writer, a leader of the Polish Enlightenment, one of principal authors of Constitution of 3 May 1791 – Europe's oldest written constitution
- Krzysztof Klicki (born 1962), president of Kolporter Holding, former owner of Korona Kielce
- Michał Sołowow (born 1962),... | 7,387 |
74598 | Kielce | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kielce | Kielce
composer
- Andrzej Piaseczny (born 1971), popular Polish vocalist
- Wiesław Gołas (born 1930), Polish actor
- Dagmara Dominczyk (born 1976), Polish-American actress and author
- Marika Dominczyk (born 1980), Polish-American actress
- Gershon Iskowitz (1921–1988), Canadian artist
- Karol "Danye" Szcześniak,... | 7,388 |
74598 | Kielce | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kielce | Kielce
, Olympic medallist
- Zbigniew Piątek (born 1966), Polish cyclist
- Piotr Stokowiec (born 1972), Polish football manager
- Michał Sołowow (born 1962), Polish rally driver
# Twin Towns - Sister Cities.
Kielce is twinned with:
# External links.
- Website of Korona Kielce
- Municipal website
- WICI Portal ... | 7,389 |
43719 | Sport of athletics | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sport%20of%20athletics | Sport of athletics
Sport of athletics
Athletics is a collection of sporting events that involve competitive running, jumping, throwing, and walking. The most common types of athletics competitions are track and field, road running, cross country running, and race walking.
The results of racing events are decided by f... | 7,390 |
43719 | Sport of athletics | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sport%20of%20athletics | Sport of athletics
and competitions which combine athletes' performances for a team score, such as cross country.
Organized athletics are traced back to the Ancient Olympic Games from 776 BC. The rules and format of the modern events in athletics were defined in Western Europe and North America in the 19th and early 2... | 7,391 |
43719 | Sport of athletics | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sport%20of%20athletics | Sport of athletics
and race walking. Other top level competitions in athletics include the IAAF World Cross Country Championships and the IAAF World Half Marathon Championships. Athletes with a physical disability compete at the Summer Paralympics and the World Para Athletics Championships.
The word athletics is deriv... | 7,392 |
43719 | Sport of athletics | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sport%20of%20athletics | Sport of athletics
throwing. This definition continues to be the most prominent one in the United Kingdom and most of the areas of the former British Empire. Furthermore, foreign words in many Germanic and Romance languages which are related to the term athletics also have a similar meaning.
In much of North America, ... | 7,393 |
43719 | Sport of athletics | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sport%20of%20athletics | Sport of athletics
a separate sport).
# History.
## Ancient.
Athletic contests in running, walking, jumping and throwing are among the oldest of all sports and their roots are prehistoric. Athletics events were depicted in the Ancient Egyptian tombs in Saqqara, with illustrations of running at the Heb Sed festival a... | 7,394 |
43719 | Sport of athletics | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sport%20of%20athletics | Sport of athletics
and jumping events within the ancient pentathlon. Athletics competitions also took place at other Panhellenic Games, which were founded later around 500 BC.
## Modern era.
The Cotswold Olimpick Games, a sports festival which emerged in 17th century England, featured athletics in the form of sledgeh... | 7,395 |
43719 | Sport of athletics | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sport%20of%20athletics | Sport of athletics
held about 1812 at the Royal Military College, Sandhurst, and in 1840 in Shrewsbury, Shropshire at the Royal Shrewsbury School Hunt. The Royal Military Academy at Woolwich held an organised competition in 1849, and a regular series of closed meetings open only to undergraduates, was held by Exeter Co... | 7,396 |
43719 | Sport of athletics | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sport%20of%20athletics | Sport of athletics
was established in England in 1880 as the first national body for the sport of athletics and began holding its own annual athletics competition – the AAA Championships. The United States also began holding an annual national competition – the USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships – first held in ... | 7,397 |
43719 | Sport of athletics | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sport%20of%20athletics | Sport of athletics
it has been as one of the foremost competitions at the quadrennial multi-sport event ever since. Originally for men only, the 1928 Olympics saw the introduction of women's events in the athletics programme. Athletics is part of the Paralympic Games since the inaugural Games in 1960. Athletics has a v... | 7,398 |
43719 | Sport of athletics | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sport%20of%20athletics | Sport of athletics
receive money for racing, putting an end to the so-called "amateurism" that existed before.
The Comité International Sports des Sourds had been formed by 1922, to govern international deaf sports, including athletics.
The first organized international competitions for athletes with a physical disab... | 7,399 |
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