wikipedia_id stringlengths 2 8 | wikipedia_title stringlengths 1 243 | url stringlengths 44 370 | contents stringlengths 53 2.22k | id int64 0 6.14M |
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343181 | M42 motorway | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=M42%20motorway | M42 motorway
planned section north of the M6 running to the M1 near Nottingham was never constructed as planned being replaced by the A42 link, a trunk road which was completed in August 1989 to link with the M1 motorway near Nottingham.
## Operational history.
Junction 3a was remodeled to give priority to traffic op... | 8,400 |
343181 | M42 motorway | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=M42%20motorway | M42 motorway
part of the M6 Toll works and now forms the link between the M6 and the southern end of the toll road. The M6 Toll opened in 2003.
Active Traffic Management with hard shoulder running and variable speed limits were introduced in 2006.
Since the 1980s, there have been constant plans to build a new service... | 8,401 |
343181 | M42 motorway | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=M42%20motorway | M42 motorway
well. One such point is junction 3A, the link between the M42 and the M40, where traffic is often heavy in the rush hour. The intersection between the M42 and M6 is often very busy too, especially when travelling along the M6.
### Managed motorways and Active Traffic Management.
Active Traffic Management... | 8,402 |
343181 | M42 motorway | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=M42%20motorway | M42 motorway
northbound and 9% southbound and journey time variability has decreased by 27%. Due to the success of the trial this system was later extended northbound to junction 9 of the M42 (and onto the adjacent M6 to Junction 5) and southbound along the M40 to Junction 15 as part of the first phase of a nationwide ... | 8,403 |
343181 | M42 motorway | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=M42%20motorway | M42 motorway
cestershire which resulted in 3 deaths and 60 injuries.
# Junctions.
Data from driver location signs are used to provide distance and carriageway identifier information. If a junction extends over several hundred metres and both start and end points are known, both are shown.
Coventry (S & W), N.E.C. A4... | 8,404 |
343190 | A61 road | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=A61%20road | A61 road
A61 road
The A61 is a major trunk road in England connecting Derby and Thirsk in North Yorkshire by way of Alfreton, Clay Cross, Chesterfield, Sheffield, Barnsley, Wakefield, Leeds, Harrogate and Ripon. The road is closely paralleled by the M1 motorway between Derby and Leeds.
# Route.
Heading south, the ro... | 8,405 |
343190 | A61 road | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=A61%20road | A61 road
the village of Pannal. The A61 continues through Harewood before approaching the north's metropolis, where a sudden urban fringe approaches. As the road enters Leeds and crosses the A6120 outer ring road, the road becomes Scott Hall Road, a main dual carriageway (or Trunk Road) and artery for north Leeds. Ther... | 8,406 |
343190 | A61 road | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=A61%20road | A61 road
as it routes around the back of Quarry House. The A61 meets it shortly after, as it shares the city centre loop for a short distance. After crossing the river, the road splits again before taking traffic out to the motorways. The road then continues out of Leeds towards Wakefield and Barnsley. South of Barnsle... | 8,407 |
343190 | A61 road | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=A61%20road | A61 road
artery into the City Centre from the north, before becoming the Sheffield Inner Ring Road (which as of 2007 is labelled as A61 all the way around). It meets the A57 twice; at Park Square and Brookhill roundabout. The A61 takes a southerly course past Sheffield United football stadium through Heeley as Chesterf... | 8,408 |
343190 | A61 road | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=A61%20road | A61 road
Great Central Railway. The road reverts to single carriageway south of Chesterfield, passing through Clay Cross and Alfreton.
South of Alfreton, the A61 merges with the dual carriageway A38, but the old A61 continues as the B6179 through Swanwick and Denby, meeting the A38 again just north of the City. The A6... | 8,409 |
343190 | A61 road | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=A61%20road | A61 road
headquarters of Derbyshire County Cricket Club.
## Map of Route.
- Route of A61 overlaid on Google Maps
# Road safety.
In June 2008 a stretch of the A61 between Barnsley and Wakefield was named as the most dangerous road in Britain, when motorcycle accidents were excluded. In the latest EuroRAP findings fr... | 8,410 |
343198 | Winfield, Pennsylvania | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Winfield,%20Pennsylvania | Winfield, Pennsylvania
Winfield, Pennsylvania
Winfield is a census-designated place located in Union Township, Union County in the state of Pennsylvania. The community is located in eastern Union County at the intersection of Pennsylvania Route 304 and U.S. Route 15, which is located along the shores of the West Branc... | 8,411 |
343184 | George Deukmejian | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=George%20Deukmejian | George Deukmejian
George Deukmejian
Courken George Deukmejian Jr. (;
June 6, 1928 – May 8, 2018) was an American politician from the Republican Party who was the 35th Governor of California from 1983 to 1991 and Attorney General of California from 1979 to 1983. Deukmejian was the first and so far the only governor of... | 8,412 |
343184 | George Deukmejian | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=George%20Deukmejian | George Deukmejian
Erzurum and worked for Montgomery Ward and later for New York State. Deukmejian graduated with a B.A. in Sociology from Siena College in 1949. He then earned a Juris Doctor (J.D.) from St. John's University in 1952. From 1953 to 1955, he served in the U.S. Army, assigned to the Judge Advocate General'... | 8,413 |
343184 | George Deukmejian | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=George%20Deukmejian | George Deukmejian
period of private practice in Long Beach alongside Malcolm M. Lucas. In 1962, was elected to represent Long Beach in the State Assembly. In 1966, he was elected as a state senator, serving from 1967 to 1979. He was a high-profile advocate for capital punishment. By 1969, he was the Majority Leader of ... | 8,414 |
343184 | George Deukmejian | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=George%20Deukmejian | George Deukmejian
the death penalty.
# Governorship.
Deukmejian was elected in 1982 to his first term as Governor of California, defeating Lieutenant Governor Mike Curb, a recording company owner, in the Republican primary. One of his early primary backers was former gubernatorial candidate Joe Shell of Bakersfield, ... | 8,415 |
343184 | George Deukmejian | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=George%20Deukmejian | George Deukmejian
of public safety and balanced budgets. In addition, he was strongly critical of outgoing Governor Jerry Brown and promised to run a very different administration. He also strongly criticized the Supreme Court of California, which was dominated by Brown appointees, notably controversial Chief Justice R... | 8,416 |
343184 | George Deukmejian | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=George%20Deukmejian | George Deukmejian
the night of the election to make early projections of a Bradley victory. The discrepancy between the polling numbers and the election's ultimate results would come to be termed the "Bradley effect", which refers to a hypothesized tendency of white voters to tell interviewers or pollsters that they ar... | 8,417 |
343184 | George Deukmejian | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=George%20Deukmejian | George Deukmejian
California State Legislature during his two terms as governor. He was the sole Republican statewide officeholder until Thomas W. Hayes was appointed California State Treasurer, following the death of Treasurer Jesse Unruh.
In 1983, Deukmejian abolished the Caltrans Office of Bicycle Facilities and re... | 8,418 |
343184 | George Deukmejian | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=George%20Deukmejian | George Deukmejian
administration entered office during a national economic recession. He first halted the hiring of new state employees and banned out of state travel for those in government. He rejected the legislature's demands for tax hikes, and pared $1.1 billion from its budget by selectively vetoing spending item... | 8,419 |
343184 | George Deukmejian | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=George%20Deukmejian | George Deukmejian
tenure as governor.
Three years later, Deukmejian faced his own billion dollar deficit. He supported a raise in the state minimum wage in 1989.
Deukmejian largely made his career by being tough on crime. When he was in the legislature, he wrote California's capital punishment law. As a candidate for... | 8,420 |
343184 | George Deukmejian | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=George%20Deukmejian | George Deukmejian
M. Lucas, from Associate Justice to Chief Justice, and appointed three new associate justices. Under Deukmejian, the California prison population nearly tripled — as of December 31, 1982, the total prison population stood at 34,640 inmates. He increased spending for the building of new prisons.
In 19... | 8,421 |
343184 | George Deukmejian | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=George%20Deukmejian | George Deukmejian
as governor in the 1990 gubernatorial elections. The Republicans instead nominated sitting United States Senator Pete Wilson, who defeated Dianne Feinstein in the general election. He was the last governor not affected by the two-term limit that was passed by voters in 1990.
On October 1, 1989, Gover... | 8,422 |
343184 | George Deukmejian | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=George%20Deukmejian | George Deukmejian
Energy Generating Systems (SEGS) plants then being built by Luz International Limited (Luz). The veto led to the bankruptcy of Luz.
# Post-governorship.
Deukmejian was a partner in the law firm of Sidley & Austin from 1991 until 2000 when he retired. He reentered public life by serving on special co... | 8,423 |
343184 | George Deukmejian | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=George%20Deukmejian | George Deukmejian
of Long Beach. He oversaw a revamping of the UCLA Willed Body Program after a scandal involving the sale of human body parts donated for science. In 2013, a courthouse in Long Beach was named in his honor. Deukmejian received an honorary doctor of laws degree from California State University, Long Bea... | 8,424 |
343182 | A14 road (England) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=A14%20road%20(England) | A14 road (England)
A14 road (England)
The A14 is a trunk road in England, running from the Port of Felixstowe, Suffolk to its western end at the Catthorpe Interchange; a major intersection at the southern end of the M6 and junction 19 of the M1 in Leicestershire. The road forms part of the unsigned Euroroutes E24 and ... | 8,425 |
343182 | A14 road (England) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=A14%20road%20(England) | A14 road (England)
most with two lanes each way, but there are two dual three-lane sections: on the Newmarket bypass (between Junctions 36 and 38) where it runs concurrent with the A11, and a short stretch between the Girton Interchange and Bar Hill. There are three at-grade junctions: with the B663 at Bythorn in Cambr... | 8,426 |
343182 | A14 road (England) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=A14%20road%20(England) | A14 road (England)
as the A1 does at the former).
# History.
The current A14 includes parts of the former A45 between Felixstowe and Cambridge, the A604 between Cambridge and Kettering, a short stretch of the former A6 west of Kettering, plus a new link road which was constructed in the early 1990s between there and ... | 8,427 |
343182 | A14 road (England) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=A14%20road%20(England) | A14 road (England)
at Royston and the A1 at Alconbury following part of the route of Ermine Street which now, in most parts, is designated the A1198.
The M45 motorway was constructed in 1959 parallel to part of the old A45 in the Midlands. It opened on the same day as the M1 motorway and was soon one of the busiest se... | 8,428 |
343182 | A14 road (England) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=A14%20road%20(England) | A14 road (England)
upgraded first, starting with the Huntingdon bypass in 1973, followed by the Girton to Bar Hill section in 1975/76 and the Cambridge northern bypass and Cambridge/Newmarket section in 1976/77. The Bar Hill to Huntington section opened in 1979 prior to the M11 which was fully opened in 1980. The Ipswi... | 8,429 |
343182 | A14 road (England) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=A14%20road%20(England) | A14 road (England)
Supplementary Orders. The route close to the site of the Battle of Naseby was particularly difficult and was taken to the High Court. The link was opened by John MacGregor, Transport Secretary on 15 July 1994.
Work to create a compact grade-separated junction (Junction 45/Rougham) and to re-align a ... | 8,430 |
343182 | A14 road (England) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=A14%20road%20(England) | A14 road (England)
and are intended to reduce delays to other traffic from lorries attempting to pass on these climbs.
Between 2007 and 2008 a new section of two-lane dual carriageway was constructed at the Haughley Bends, one of Suffolk's most notorious accident blackspots, to rationalise access using a new grade-sep... | 8,431 |
343182 | A14 road (England) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=A14%20road%20(England) | A14 road (England)
was being carried out a year earlier than scheduled as part of a UK government’s fiscal stimulus package.
The Cambridgeshire Guided Busway connecting Cambridge, Huntingdon and St Ives, which opened in 2011 was intended to remove 5.6% of traffic using that section of the A14 (rising to 11.1% with the... | 8,432 |
343182 | A14 road (England) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=A14%20road%20(England) | A14 road (England)
by widening to the W10 loading gauge, opened in 2011.
Junction 55 (Copdock interchange) to the south of Ipswich was signalisation in 2011, along with lengthening the off-slip from the A1214. The section around Kettering between Junctions 7 and 9 was widened to three lanes between November 2013 and A... | 8,433 |
343182 | A14 road (England) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=A14%20road%20(England) | A14 road (England)
completed three months later.
# A14 spur designation, including A1(M), A14(M), A604(M).
From the A12 west of Ipswich to the M1/M6 junction, the A14 is part of (but not signed as) the E-road E 24. From Ipswich to Felixstowe is part of E 30.
The numbering of the A14 is inconsistent with the national... | 8,434 |
343182 | A14 road (England) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=A14%20road%20(England) | A14 road (England)
near Huntingdon to the A1(M) at Alconbury has many inconsistent designations. It is the only section of the original A14 (A1198 road) that still bears that A14 designation; it was renumbered A604 for a period prior to the construction of the current A14. The scheme page on the Highways Agency website... | 8,435 |
343182 | A14 road (England) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=A14%20road%20(England) | A14 road (England)
just past the B1043 exit without any number (see photo in the top right of this page). However, when heading south along the A1 it is signed as 'A14'. Online mapping is also inconsistent – the Highway Agency mapping (which uses Navteq data) refers to it as the 'A14(M)', Bing maps (which also uses Nav... | 8,436 |
343182 | A14 road (England) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=A14%20road%20(England) | A14 road (England)
between Cambridge and Kettering used to be the A604, apart from a short section near Kettering that used to be part of the A6. The road which was the A14 until the late 1980s is now the A1198 between Royston, Hertfordshire and Godmanchester. North of Godmanchester the route of the original A14 became... | 8,437 |
343182 | A14 road (England) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=A14%20road%20(England) | A14 road (England)
road to the Brampton Interchange before tracking the A1 north to Ellington.
The Highways Agency unveiled its plans in March 2005. Details of the preferred route for the Fen Drayton to Fen Ditton section were published in March 2007. The contract was awarded to Costain Skanska Joint Venture on 28 Jan... | 8,438 |
343182 | A14 road (England) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=A14%20road%20(England) | A14 road (England)
with work due to start in 2012 and being completed in winter 2015/2016. The Campaign for Better Transport was opposed to the plans, listing their reasons for objection as the carbon emissions the road would induce, the cost, and its negative impact on non-car travel. The coalition government suspende... | 8,439 |
343182 | A14 road (England) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=A14%20road%20(England) | A14 road (England)
for money. The scheme was officially cancelled in 2010.
In 2011 the government announced an 'A14 Challenge' inviting people to present proposals for the route. The revised scheme, now known as the 'A14 Cambridge to Huntingdon Improvement Scheme' involves widening of the A1 between Brampton and Alcon... | 8,440 |
343182 | A14 road (England) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=A14%20road%20(England) | A14 road (England)
was approved by the Secretary of State for Transport in May 2016. Work is due to be complete by March 2021 at a cost of £1.2-1.8b.
# Longer term plans.
The Highways Agency has plans to increase capacity from Junctions 3 to 10 near Kettering 'in the longer term' and also to widen the road throughout... | 8,441 |
343182 | A14 road (England) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=A14%20road%20(England) | A14 road (England)
Birmingham.
# Notable incidents.
- 17 November 1998. A lorry collided with the petrol station between Bar Hill and Lolworth. The incident happened shortly after 11am and one person was killed and many others injured. The road was closed and there were huge tailbacks.
- 26 July 2006. The A14 was cl... | 8,442 |
343182 | A14 road (England) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=A14%20road%20(England) | A14 road (England)
collided with the petrol station between Bar Hill and Lolworth. The incident happened shortly after 11am and one person was killed and many others injured. The road was closed and there were huge tailbacks.
- 26 July 2006. The A14 was closed for 24 hours near Newmarket when a van carrying acetylene ... | 8,443 |
343207 | Ruzi Ying | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ruzi%20Ying | Ruzi Ying
Ruzi Ying
Ruzi Ying (; 5 – 25), also known as Emperor Ruzi of Han and the personal name of Liu Ying (劉嬰), was the last emperor of the Chinese Western Han Dynasty from 6 CE to 9 CE. After Emperor Ai of Han and Emperor Ping died without heirs, Wang Mang chose the youngest of the available successors in order t... | 8,444 |
343207 | Ruzi Ying | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ruzi%20Ying | Ruzi Ying
In 25 CE, a rebellion against the temporary Gengshi Emperor used the former Emperor Ruzi as a focus, and when the rebellion was defeated, he was killed. He is often viewed as an innocent child who was the victim of tragic circumstances. (The expression "Emperor Ruzi" is a misnomer, as he never assumed the thr... | 8,445 |
343207 | Ruzi Ying | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ruzi%20Ying | Ruzi Ying
had not had any children by his wife Empress Wang (Wang Mang's daughter) or any of his concubines, there was no heir. Emperor Ping's grandfather, Emperor Yuan, had no surviving male issue—of his three sons, Emperor Cheng had no issue, and sons of the other two, Liu Kang, Prince of Dingtao (劉康) and Liu Xing, P... | 8,446 |
343207 | Ruzi Ying | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ruzi%20Ying | Ruzi Ying
a child whom he could control. Therefore, he declared that it was inappropriate for members of the same generation to succeed each other (even though Emperor Ping had succeeded his cousin Emperor Ai several years earlier). He then examined the 23 great-great-grandsons of Emperor Xuan—all of whom were infants ... | 8,447 |
343207 | Ruzi Ying | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ruzi%20Ying | Ruzi Ying
more power; this appears to be one of those instances.) Wang had his political allies force his aunt, Grand Empress Dowager Wang Zhengjun, to issue an edict granting him the title of "Acting Emperor" (假皇帝), with the commission to rule as emperor until a great-great-grandson of Emperor Xuan could be selected a... | 8,448 |
343207 | Ruzi Ying | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ruzi%20Ying | Ruzi Ying
that he was as faithful as the Duke of Zhou. However, Emperor Ruzi did not ascend the throne, but was given the title of crown prince. Empress Wang, just a young girl at 13, was given the title empress dowager.
# Brief "reign".
Several members of the imperial Liu clan were suspicious of Acting Emperor Wang'... | 8,449 |
343207 | Ruzi Ying | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ruzi%20Ying | Ruzi Ying
Commandery of Dong (roughly modern Puyang, Henan) and Liu Xin (劉信), the Marquess of Yanxiang (and the father of Liu Kuang (劉匡), the Prince of Dongping (roughly modern Tai'an, Shandong) started the largest of these rebellions. They were joined by agrarian rebellion leaders Zhao Peng (趙朋) and Huo Hong (霍鴻) from... | 8,450 |
343207 | Ruzi Ying | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ruzi%20Ying | Ruzi Ying
Zhao and Huo were also eventually defeated and executed.
- In 9 CE (after Wang Mang had usurped the throne—see below), Liu Kuai (劉快), the Marquess of Xuxiang, attacked the Fuchong dukedom of his brother Liu Ying (劉殷), the former Prince of Jiaodong. He was defeated and died while fleeing from the battle.
Aft... | 8,451 |
343207 | Ruzi Ying | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ruzi%20Ying | Ruzi Ying
that Empress Dowager Wang (who was Wang Mang's own daughter, but held authority) should follow this divine will. Wang issued a decree accepting the position of emperor and establishing the Xin (new) dynasty.
# Life during the Xin Dynasty.
In the spring of 9 CE, Wang Mang, now emperor, made the former Empero... | 8,452 |
343207 | Ruzi Ying | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ruzi%20Ying | Ruzi Ying
put the child duke under house arrest under heavy guard. Not even his wet nurses were allowed to stay with him. As a grown man, Ying did not even know of such common animals as cattle, horses, sheep, chickens, dogs, and pigs. Wang gave his granddaughter to the Duke of Ding'an in marriage. She was the daughter... | 8,453 |
343207 | Ruzi Ying | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ruzi%20Ying | Ruzi Ying
Liu Xuan (劉玄) became emperor as Gengshi Emperor). However, due to Gengshi Emperor's incompetence, conspiracies and rebellions arose throughout the empire, seeking to displace him.
Two farfetched co-conspirators started one of these rebellions in 25—Fang Wang (方望), the former strategist for the local warlord ... | 8,454 |
343207 | Ruzi Ying | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ruzi%20Ying | Ruzi Ying
25—Fang Wang (方望), the former strategist for the local warlord Wei Xiao (隗囂), and a man named Gong Lin (弓林) -- and their group of several thousand men, after kidnapping Ying, occupied Linjing (臨涇, in modern Qingyang, Gansu). Gengshi Emperor sent his prime minister Li Song (李松) to attack them, and wiped out th... | 8,455 |
343201 | Thought-terminating cliché | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thought-terminating%20cliché | Thought-terminating cliché
Thought-terminating cliché
A thought-terminating cliché (also known as a "semantic stop-sign", a "thought-stopper" or "cliché thinking") is a form of loaded language, commonly used to quell cognitive dissonance."" Depending on context in which a phrase (or cliché) is used, it may actually be... | 8,456 |
343201 | Thought-terminating cliché | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thought-terminating%20cliché | Thought-terminating cliché
use of the cliché, along with "loading the language" as; "The language of Non-thought."
# Origin and definitions.
The earliest recorded definition of the term was published in Robert Jay Lifton's book "Thought Reform and the Psychology of Totalism" in 1961, wherein he was describing the str... | 8,457 |
343201 | Thought-terminating cliché | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thought-terminating%20cliché | Thought-terminating cliché
in his book "Alcoholics Anonymous: Cult or Cure?" (1997) broadly put the use of the cliché as "...thought-stopping phrases (that) include any use of the language, especially repeated phrases, to ward off forbidden thoughts." in describing his interactions with the Alcoholics Anonymous aid mov... | 8,458 |
343201 | Thought-terminating cliché | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thought-terminating%20cliché | Thought-terminating cliché
California law review, Volume 51, Part 1, it describes the use of such clichés as "...to capture the vehicles of thought and communication; "Doctrine over reality" (which includes the rewriting of history and reinterpretation of one's past)" and as a property of 'ideological totalists.'
## E... | 8,459 |
343201 | Thought-terminating cliché | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thought-terminating%20cliché | Thought-terminating cliché
of an individual/group.
- "Stop thinking so much." - A literal request to stop any debate.
- "It's all good." - In the event that the situation is not in fact in a good state, yet you want people to stop analysing it, say this.
- "Here we go again." - Implies that the topic has been debate... | 8,460 |
343201 | Thought-terminating cliché | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thought-terminating%20cliché | Thought-terminating cliché
and is considered to be an assertion absent of any evidence or reasons that rely on one's confusion. "Tell me why it's not a religion. Tell me what a relationship is exactly."
- "You are too negative" or "You can never admit you're wrong." In both of these cases, either one agrees, in which ... | 8,461 |
343201 | Thought-terminating cliché | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thought-terminating%20cliché | Thought-terminating cliché
speech, and it tends to be synonymous with language that would be utilized by totalitarian states as Lifton originally identified with Communist China. Dictator Adolf Hitler of Nazi Germany is remarked to have employed such clichés and platitudes to justify his actions prior and during the ev... | 8,462 |
343201 | Thought-terminating cliché | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thought-terminating%20cliché | Thought-terminating cliché
Gong, artists, journalists (including Liu Xiaobo), summed up as "for security reasons" as a thought-terminating cliché, going on to say "that’s every bit as vapid as “God moves in a mysterious way” or “support our troops.” What it really means is that the Party is more important than the peop... | 8,463 |
343201 | Thought-terminating cliché | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thought-terminating%20cliché | Thought-terminating cliché
their very nature is defined by being illegal, despite the fact that seeking asylum is not illegal."
Michael Krämer via The Guardian noted that the use of the slogan (considered a cliché) "there is no alternative," said by the likes of Margaret Thatcher and Angela Merkel, is used intentional... | 8,464 |
343201 | Thought-terminating cliché | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thought-terminating%20cliché | Thought-terminating cliché
if "the issue in question directly affects the person making the argument" and mentions the common use of the thought-terminating words: "Speaking as a..." implying that it no longer matters what you think, what matters more what you are, as if that is an achievement itself. Breda O'Brien wri... | 8,465 |
343201 | Thought-terminating cliché | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thought-terminating%20cliché | Thought-terminating cliché
Douglass-Williams also mentions that the term "Islamophobic" is also applied in familiar fashion to yield the same results as how O'Brien describes homophobia.
The concept of toxic masculinity has been labelled as a cliché by Larissa Nolan of The Times, stating that "Few people question what... | 8,466 |
343201 | Thought-terminating cliché | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thought-terminating%20cliché | Thought-terminating cliché
Religion.
An example of the cliché in use provided by Chaz Bufe is "the admonition given to Catholic schoolchildren to recite the Hail Mary or rosary to ward off "Impure thoughts." The use of repetitive chanting by the Hare Krishnas serves the same thought-stopping purpose." Author Ann Moris... | 8,467 |
343201 | Thought-terminating cliché | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thought-terminating%20cliché | Thought-terminating cliché
condition its members or to reaffirm a confirmation bias. The Guardian journalist Jonny Scaramanga mentions that when certain members of Islam label something haram (sinful), that employs the use of the tactic since it states that something is forbidden and "There is no need for any more cons... | 8,468 |
343201 | Thought-terminating cliché | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thought-terminating%20cliché | Thought-terminating cliché
such games as porn is "thought-terminating" as it doesn't progress the debate.
# Fictional applications.
- George Orwell's "Nineteen Eighty-Four" - The totalitarian state Oceana implements Newspeak, a "pared-down version of English in which 'dangerous' words like 'freedom' no longer exists.... | 8,469 |
343201 | Thought-terminating cliché | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thought-terminating%20cliché | Thought-terminating cliché
in which 'dangerous' words like 'freedom' no longer exists." Kathleen Taylor suggests in a that the words that remain as a result of the diminishing of the English language are ideologically loaded, and are "...clear examples of Lifton's thought-terminating clichés."
- Aldous Huxley’s "Brave... | 8,470 |
343196 | Jerry Hall | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jerry%20Hall | Jerry Hall
Jerry Hall
Jerry Faye Hall (born July 2, 1956) is an American model and actress.
# Early life.
Was born in Gonzales, Texas, to Marjorie (née Sheffield; 1924–2013), a medical records librarian, and John P. Hall. She is of English, Irish, and Dutch descent. She was raised in the Dallas suburb of Mesquite, T... | 8,471 |
343196 | Jerry Hall | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jerry%20Hall | Jerry Hall
including Rosy Hall, one of the first Dallas Cowboys cheerleaders.
In the TV series "Who Do You Think You Are?", Hall discovered that she was descended from Humphrey Best, an associate of American patriot and icon Daniel Boone.
# Career.
## Modeling.
Jerry Hall and her twin sister Terry were in the Frenc... | 8,472 |
343196 | Jerry Hall | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jerry%20Hall | Jerry Hall
She was earning modelling fees in excess of $1,000 per day. Her long blonde hair and height of six feet quickly made her one of the most visible and photographed models of the day.
In 2016, Hall won the Lifetime Achievement Award from the Fashion Group International Dallas.
Hall was also a muse for artists... | 8,473 |
343196 | Jerry Hall | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jerry%20Hall | Jerry Hall
Avenue.
In 1990, she joined many other guests for Roger Waters' massive performance of "The Wall" in Berlin. She featured in commercials for Bovril.
Hall played the role of Miss Scarlett in the British television show "Cluedo" (1993), and in (1993) the (TV series) "The Detectives".
In the early 2000s, she... | 8,474 |
343196 | Jerry Hall | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jerry%20Hall | Jerry Hall
2005, Hall appeared on the West End stage playing Mother Lord in the first London production of Cole Porter's "High Society"
Hall provided the voice for Sister Penelope in the British cartoon "Popetown".
In 2007, Hall guest-starred on the British TV show "Hotel Babylon". She has also appeared in the BBC co... | 8,475 |
343196 | Jerry Hall | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jerry%20Hall | Jerry Hall
"Strictly Come Dancing". Her professional partner was Anton du Beke. She was the second celebrity to be eliminated from the competition.
## Other ventures.
In 2000, Hall was a judge for the Whitbread Prize. She argued for Seamus Heaney's translation of Beowulf.
In 2010, Hall sold her art collection throug... | 8,476 |
343196 | Jerry Hall | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jerry%20Hall | Jerry Hall
and Wales in London in 1999. They have four children together: Elizabeth Scarlett (born 1984), James Leroy (born 1985), Georgia May (born 1992), and Gabriel Luke (born 1997). The couple lived together at Downe House, Richmond Hill, in Greater London, which Jagger purchased in the early 1990s. They split up i... | 8,477 |
343196 | Jerry Hall | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jerry%20Hall | Jerry Hall
tt (born 1984), James Leroy (born 1985), Georgia May (born 1992), and Gabriel Luke (born 1997). The couple lived together at Downe House, Richmond Hill, in Greater London, which Jagger purchased in the early 1990s. They split up in 1999. Hall cited Jagger's infidelity as the cause of the break-up.
In 2015, ... | 8,478 |
343197 | Zimbabwe Rhodesia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zimbabwe%20Rhodesia | Zimbabwe Rhodesia
Zimbabwe Rhodesia
Zimbabwe Rhodesia was an unrecognised state that existed from 1 June 1979 to 12 December 1979. Zimbabwe Rhodesia was preceded by an unrecognised republic named Rhodesia and was briefly followed by the re-established British colony of Southern Rhodesia, which according to British con... | 8,479 |
343197 | Zimbabwe Rhodesia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zimbabwe%20Rhodesia | Zimbabwe Rhodesia
was drawn up between the Smith administration of Rhodesia and moderate African nationalist parties not involved in armed resistance. Meanwhile, the government continued to battle armed resistance from both Soviet- and Chinese-backed Marxist liberation movements it referred to as "terrorists"- the Rhod... | 8,480 |
343197 | Zimbabwe Rhodesia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zimbabwe%20Rhodesia | Zimbabwe Rhodesia
by the same officials as before, of whom most were whites, due to the composition of the upper-middle class of the period.
Despite these changes, the new state did not gain international recognition, with the Commonwealth claiming that the "so-called 'Constitution of Zimbabwe Rhodesia'" would be "no ... | 8,481 |
343197 | Zimbabwe Rhodesia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zimbabwe%20Rhodesia | Zimbabwe Rhodesia
of stone". Meanwhile, the white Rhodesian community was reluctant to drop the name "Rhodesia", hence a compromise was met.
The Constitution named the new State simply as "Zimbabwe Rhodesia", with no reference to its status as a republic in its name. As such, it was similar in style to post-1994 South... | 8,482 |
343197 | Zimbabwe Rhodesia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zimbabwe%20Rhodesia | Zimbabwe Rhodesia
Rhodesia" had been criticised by some black politicians like Senator Chief Zephaniah Charumbira, who said it implied that Zimbabwe was "the son of Rhodesia". ZANU PF, led by Robert Mugabe in exile, denounced what it described as "the derogatory name of 'Zimbabwe Rhodesia'".
The government also adopte... | 8,483 |
343197 | Zimbabwe Rhodesia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zimbabwe%20Rhodesia | Zimbabwe Rhodesia
response, the Voice of Zimbabwe radio service operated by Robert Mugabe's ZANU-PF from Maputo in Mozambique, carried a commentary entitled "The proof of independence is not flags or names", dismissing the changes as aimed at "strengthening the racist puppet alliance's position at the Zimbabwe conferen... | 8,484 |
343197 | Zimbabwe Rhodesia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zimbabwe%20Rhodesia | Zimbabwe Rhodesia
biracial government.
## Constitution.
Adapting the constitution of the Unilateral Declaration of Independence (UDI), Zimbabwe Rhodesia was governed by a Prime Minister and Cabinet chosen from the majority party in a 100-member House of Assembly. A 40-member Senate acted as the upper House, and both ... | 8,485 |
343197 | Zimbabwe Rhodesia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zimbabwe%20Rhodesia | Zimbabwe Rhodesia
for voter rolls, mostly but not only white constituencies) elected 20 members; although this did not actually exclude non-whites, very few black Africans met the qualification requirements. A delimitation commission sat in 1978 to determine how to reduce the previous 50 constituencies to 20. The remai... | 8,486 |
343197 | Zimbabwe Rhodesia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zimbabwe%20Rhodesia | Zimbabwe Rhodesia
Ndabaningi Sithole's Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU) won 12 seats.
### Senate.
The Senate of Zimbabwe Rhodesia had 40 members. Ten members each were returned by the old voter roll members of the House of Assembly and the common roll members, and five members each by the Council of Chiefs of M... | 8,487 |
343197 | Zimbabwe Rhodesia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zimbabwe%20Rhodesia | Zimbabwe Rhodesia
President of Zimbabwe Rhodesia was elected by the members of the Parliament, sitting together. At the election on 28 May 1979, Josiah Zion Gumede of the United African National Council (UANC) and Timoth Ndhlovu of the United National Federal Party (UNFP) were nominated. Gumede won by 80 votes to Ndhlo... | 8,488 |
343197 | Zimbabwe Rhodesia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zimbabwe%20Rhodesia | Zimbabwe Rhodesia
Front members served as Muzorewa's Ministers of Justice, Agriculture, and Finance, with David Smith continuing in the role of Minister of Finance, while P K van der Byl, the hardline former Minister of Defence, serving as both Minister of Transport and Minister of Power and Posts.
# End of Zimbabwe R... | 8,489 |
343197 | Zimbabwe Rhodesia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zimbabwe%20Rhodesia | Zimbabwe Rhodesia
response, the Parliament of the United Kingdom passed the Southern Rhodesia Constitution (Interim Provisions) Order 1979, establishing the offices of Governor and Deputy Governor of Southern Rhodesia, filled by Lord Soames and Sir Antony Duff respectively.
Although the name of the country formally re... | 8,490 |
343197 | Zimbabwe Rhodesia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zimbabwe%20Rhodesia | Zimbabwe Rhodesia
(Interim Provisions) Order 1979, establishing the offices of Governor and Deputy Governor of Southern Rhodesia, filled by Lord Soames and Sir Antony Duff respectively.
Although the name of the country formally reverted to Southern Rhodesia at this time, the name "Zimbabwe Rhodesia" remained in many o... | 8,491 |
343193 | Norton Motorcycle Company | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Norton%20Motorcycle%20Company | Norton Motorcycle Company
Norton Motorcycle Company
The Norton Motorcycle Company (formerly Norton Motors, Ltd.) is an English motorcycle marque, originally from Birmingham, England, UK. It was founded in 1898 as a manufacturer of "fittings and parts for the two-wheel trade". By 1902 the company had begun manufacturin... | 8,492 |
343193 | Norton Motorcycle Company | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Norton%20Motorcycle%20Company | Norton Motorcycle Company
to leave Norton in 1953 the company declined and Associated Motor Cycles bought the shares.
Although motorcycle sales went through a recession in the 1950s, and Norton Motors Ltd was only a small manufacturer, Norton sales flourished. A series of Norton Dominator Twins of 500 cc, then 600 cc,... | 8,493 |
343193 | Norton Motorcycle Company | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Norton%20Motorcycle%20Company | Norton Motorcycle Company
of the Year a number of times in Britain. 850 cc models appeared for 1973, giving more torque. For 1975 an electric start arrived in the 850 Mk3.
The largest UK motorcycle manufacturer at the time was BSA-Triumph, comprising Birmingham Small Arms Company in Birmingham, and Triumph Motorcycles... | 8,494 |
343193 | Norton Motorcycle Company | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Norton%20Motorcycle%20Company | Norton Motorcycle Company
was the least modern; but workers engaged in a "sit-in", forming a workers' co-operative. Poore was CEO of Manganese Bronze Holdings, a company apparently more concerned with asset stripping than with motorcycle production. Subsequent political manoeuvrings led to the downfall of NVT, as taxpa... | 8,495 |
343193 | Norton Motorcycle Company | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Norton%20Motorcycle%20Company | Norton Motorcycle Company
formed by James Lansdowne Norton (known as "Pa") at 320, Bradford Street, Birmingham, in 1898. In 1902 Norton began building motorcycles with French and Swiss engines. In 1907 a Norton ridden by Rem Fowler won the twin-cylinder class in the first Isle of Man TT race, beginning a sporting tradi... | 8,496 |
343193 | Norton Motorcycle Company | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Norton%20Motorcycle%20Company | Norton Motorcycle Company
appeared on the front of the catalogue for 1914, which was a joint effort by James Norton and his daughter Ethel. It became known as the "curly N" logo, with only the initial letter as a capital, and was used by the company thereafter, first appearing on actual motorcycles in 1915. Ethel Norto... | 8,497 |
343193 | Norton Motorcycle Company | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Norton%20Motorcycle%20Company | Norton Motorcycle Company
out - and as competition motorcycling was largely suspended during the hosilities, these records still stood when production restarted after the war. 1914 Dan O'Donovan records set in April 1914 :
- Under 500 cc flying km 81.06 mph, flying mile 78.60 mph - 490 cc Norton
- Under 750 cc flying... | 8,498 |
343193 | Norton Motorcycle Company | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Norton%20Motorcycle%20Company | Norton Motorcycle Company
Big 4 singles well into the war period, though in November 1916 the Ministry of Munitions issued an order that no further work on motor cycles or cars would be allowed from 15 November 1916 without a permit. By this time most motor cycle companies were already either producing munitions (or ai... | 8,499 |
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