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projected-00310315-001
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Tube%20%28TV%20series%29
The Tube (TV series)
Showcase for contemporary bands
The Tube was a United Kingdom music television programme, which ran for five series, from 5 November 1982 to 24 April 1987. It was filmed in Newcastle upon Tyne and produced for Channel 4 by Tyne Tees Television, which had previously produced the similar music show Alright Now and the music-oriented youth show Check it...
The Tube was a showcase for many emerging 1980s bands. Sunderland band The Toy Dolls were the first band to play live on The Tube. The Tube was an important outlet for the performers. For The Proclaimers, performing "Letter from America" on The Tube was instrumental in helping the Scottish duo to their first top ten U...
[]
[ "Showcase for contemporary bands" ]
[ "1982 British television series debuts", "1987 British television series endings", "1980s British music television series", "British music television shows", "Channel 4 original programming", "English-language television shows", "Pop music television series", "Rock music television series", "Televis...
projected-00310315-002
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Tube%20%28TV%20series%29
The Tube (TV series)
Format
The Tube was a United Kingdom music television programme, which ran for five series, from 5 November 1982 to 24 April 1987. It was filmed in Newcastle upon Tyne and produced for Channel 4 by Tyne Tees Television, which had previously produced the similar music show Alright Now and the music-oriented youth show Check it...
The cornerstone of the shows was the live performances from three or four bands each week. In an era where most music TV shows featured non-stop miming, the fully live sets by the guest artists were innovative (but the sound mix was often very poor, with a curious quality that made it sound like everything had been 'ph...
[]
[ "Format" ]
[ "1982 British television series debuts", "1987 British television series endings", "1980s British music television series", "British music television shows", "Channel 4 original programming", "English-language television shows", "Pop music television series", "Rock music television series", "Televis...
projected-00310315-003
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Tube%20%28TV%20series%29
The Tube (TV series)
Demise
The Tube was a United Kingdom music television programme, which ran for five series, from 5 November 1982 to 24 April 1987. It was filmed in Newcastle upon Tyne and produced for Channel 4 by Tyne Tees Television, which had previously produced the similar music show Alright Now and the music-oriented youth show Check it...
On 16 January 1987, during the fifth series, Jools Holland used the phrase "be there or be ungroovy fuckers" during a live trailer for the show. The incident caused a national scandal, as the trailer was transmitted on ITV at 5:15pm (during peak children's viewing time) and the show was taken off air for three weeks as...
[ "Tube, Tyne Tees, City Road.jpg" ]
[ "Demise" ]
[ "1982 British television series debuts", "1987 British television series endings", "1980s British music television series", "British music television shows", "Channel 4 original programming", "English-language television shows", "Pop music television series", "Rock music television series", "Televis...
projected-00310315-004
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Tube%20%28TV%20series%29
The Tube (TV series)
Radio revival
The Tube was a United Kingdom music television programme, which ran for five series, from 5 November 1982 to 24 April 1987. It was filmed in Newcastle upon Tyne and produced for Channel 4 by Tyne Tees Television, which had previously produced the similar music show Alright Now and the music-oriented youth show Check it...
In November 2006, the brand was revived as a radio show, also entitled The Tube for Channel 4 Radio. Presenters Konnie Huq, Alex James and Tony Wilson hosted the main show (The Tube) and filler show (Mind The Gap).
[]
[ "Radio revival" ]
[ "1982 British television series debuts", "1987 British television series endings", "1980s British music television series", "British music television shows", "Channel 4 original programming", "English-language television shows", "Pop music television series", "Rock music television series", "Televis...
projected-00310315-005
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Tube%20%28TV%20series%29
The Tube (TV series)
Available on the Internet
The Tube was a United Kingdom music television programme, which ran for five series, from 5 November 1982 to 24 April 1987. It was filmed in Newcastle upon Tyne and produced for Channel 4 by Tyne Tees Television, which had previously produced the similar music show Alright Now and the music-oriented youth show Check it...
In July 2008 ITN (rights holder for The Tube) signed a deal with MUZU TV to make The Tube available online.
[]
[ "Available on the Internet" ]
[ "1982 British television series debuts", "1987 British television series endings", "1980s British music television series", "British music television shows", "Channel 4 original programming", "English-language television shows", "Pop music television series", "Rock music television series", "Televis...
projected-00310315-006
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Tube%20%28TV%20series%29
The Tube (TV series)
Discography
The Tube was a United Kingdom music television programme, which ran for five series, from 5 November 1982 to 24 April 1987. It was filmed in Newcastle upon Tyne and produced for Channel 4 by Tyne Tees Television, which had previously produced the similar music show Alright Now and the music-oriented youth show Check it...
Tube – Various Artists, K-Tel, 1984 The Very Best of The Tube – Various Artists, Universal Records, 4 November 2002
[]
[ "Discography" ]
[ "1982 British television series debuts", "1987 British television series endings", "1980s British music television series", "British music television shows", "Channel 4 original programming", "English-language television shows", "Pop music television series", "Rock music television series", "Televis...
projected-00310315-008
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Tube%20%28TV%20series%29
The Tube (TV series)
See also
The Tube was a United Kingdom music television programme, which ran for five series, from 5 November 1982 to 24 April 1987. It was filmed in Newcastle upon Tyne and produced for Channel 4 by Tyne Tees Television, which had previously produced the similar music show Alright Now and the music-oriented youth show Check it...
Revolver The Old Grey Whistle Test The Roxy Later... with Jools Holland Jools Holland's Hootenanny The Word (TV series) Top of the Pops
[]
[ "See also" ]
[ "1982 British television series debuts", "1987 British television series endings", "1980s British music television series", "British music television shows", "Channel 4 original programming", "English-language television shows", "Pop music television series", "Rock music television series", "Televis...
projected-00310316-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franz%20Joseph%20Gall
Franz Joseph Gall
Introduction
Franz Josef Gall (; 9 March 175822 August 1828) was a German neuroanatomist, physiologist, and pioneer in the study of the localization of mental functions in the brain. Claimed as the founder of the pseudoscience of phrenology, Gall was an early and important researcher in his fields. His contributions to the field ...
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "1758 births", "1828 deaths", "People from Enzkreis", "German Roman Catholics", "German neuroscientists", "History of neuroscience", "Phrenologists", "Philosophers of mind", "Members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences", "Burials at Père Lachaise Cemetery", "German physiologists" ]
projected-00310316-001
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franz%20Joseph%20Gall
Franz Joseph Gall
Early life
Franz Josef Gall (; 9 March 175822 August 1828) was a German neuroanatomist, physiologist, and pioneer in the study of the localization of mental functions in the brain. Claimed as the founder of the pseudoscience of phrenology, Gall was an early and important researcher in his fields. His contributions to the field ...
Gall was born in the village of Tiefenbronn to a wealthy Roman Catholic wool merchant. The Galls, originally a noble family from Lombardy, had been the leading family in the area for over a century. His father was the mayor of Tiefenbronn and he was one of 12 children, only 7 of whom lived to adulthood. Gall's scienti...
[]
[ "Early life" ]
[ "1758 births", "1828 deaths", "People from Enzkreis", "German Roman Catholics", "German neuroscientists", "History of neuroscience", "Phrenologists", "Philosophers of mind", "Members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences", "Burials at Père Lachaise Cemetery", "German physiologists" ]
projected-00310316-002
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franz%20Joseph%20Gall
Franz Joseph Gall
Education and early career
Franz Josef Gall (; 9 March 175822 August 1828) was a German neuroanatomist, physiologist, and pioneer in the study of the localization of mental functions in the brain. Claimed as the founder of the pseudoscience of phrenology, Gall was an early and important researcher in his fields. His contributions to the field ...
As the second eldest son, he was intended for the priesthood but chose instead to study medicine at the University of Strasbourg. In his advanced studies, he again made observations about his classmates. He noticed that many of the particularly bright students had prominent eyeballs and concluded that this could not be...
[]
[ "Education and early career" ]
[ "1758 births", "1828 deaths", "People from Enzkreis", "German Roman Catholics", "German neuroscientists", "History of neuroscience", "Phrenologists", "Philosophers of mind", "Members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences", "Burials at Père Lachaise Cemetery", "German physiologists" ]
projected-00310316-003
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franz%20Joseph%20Gall
Franz Joseph Gall
Contributions to phrenology
Franz Josef Gall (; 9 March 175822 August 1828) was a German neuroanatomist, physiologist, and pioneer in the study of the localization of mental functions in the brain. Claimed as the founder of the pseudoscience of phrenology, Gall was an early and important researcher in his fields. His contributions to the field ...
Based on his early observations about the skull sizes and facial features of his classmates, Gall developed the theory of Organology and the method of Cranioscopy that would later be known as Phrenology. Gall's version of Organology states that the mind is a collection of independent entities housed within the brain. C...
[ "Franz Joseph Gall examining the head of a pretty young girl, Wellcome V0011119.jpg" ]
[ "Contributions to phrenology" ]
[ "1758 births", "1828 deaths", "People from Enzkreis", "German Roman Catholics", "German neuroscientists", "History of neuroscience", "Phrenologists", "Philosophers of mind", "Members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences", "Burials at Père Lachaise Cemetery", "German physiologists" ]
projected-00310316-004
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franz%20Joseph%20Gall
Franz Joseph Gall
Relationship with Johann Spurzheim
Franz Josef Gall (; 9 March 175822 August 1828) was a German neuroanatomist, physiologist, and pioneer in the study of the localization of mental functions in the brain. Claimed as the founder of the pseudoscience of phrenology, Gall was an early and important researcher in his fields. His contributions to the field ...
In 1800, Johann Spurzheim attended one of Gall's public lectures and was hired as an assistant to help with public medical demonstrations. In 1804, he became Gall's full-time research partner. They worked together for years to develop theories about brain localization and function. In 1813, Spurzheim separated from Gal...
[]
[ "Relationship with Johann Spurzheim" ]
[ "1758 births", "1828 deaths", "People from Enzkreis", "German Roman Catholics", "German neuroscientists", "History of neuroscience", "Phrenologists", "Philosophers of mind", "Members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences", "Burials at Père Lachaise Cemetery", "German physiologists" ]
projected-00310316-005
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franz%20Joseph%20Gall
Franz Joseph Gall
Other achievements
Franz Josef Gall (; 9 March 175822 August 1828) was a German neuroanatomist, physiologist, and pioneer in the study of the localization of mental functions in the brain. Claimed as the founder of the pseudoscience of phrenology, Gall was an early and important researcher in his fields. His contributions to the field ...
Other than his contributions to phrenology, Gall is lesser known for his other achievements. While developing his theories on localization of function, Gall significantly advanced the science of dissection. Instead of slicing randomly, as had been the practice in previous years, Gall's method involved slow exploration ...
[]
[ "Other achievements" ]
[ "1758 births", "1828 deaths", "People from Enzkreis", "German Roman Catholics", "German neuroscientists", "History of neuroscience", "Phrenologists", "Philosophers of mind", "Members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences", "Burials at Père Lachaise Cemetery", "German physiologists" ]
projected-00310316-006
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franz%20Joseph%20Gall
Franz Joseph Gall
Reception and controversy
Franz Josef Gall (; 9 March 175822 August 1828) was a German neuroanatomist, physiologist, and pioneer in the study of the localization of mental functions in the brain. Claimed as the founder of the pseudoscience of phrenology, Gall was an early and important researcher in his fields. His contributions to the field ...
Gall's concepts on brain localization were revolutionary, and led to many religious leaders and scientists to take exception to his theories. The Catholic Church considered his theory as contrary to the established tenets of Catholicism. Established science also condemned these ideas for lack of scientific proof of his...
[]
[ "Reception and controversy" ]
[ "1758 births", "1828 deaths", "People from Enzkreis", "German Roman Catholics", "German neuroscientists", "History of neuroscience", "Phrenologists", "Philosophers of mind", "Members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences", "Burials at Père Lachaise Cemetery", "German physiologists" ]
projected-00310316-007
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franz%20Joseph%20Gall
Franz Joseph Gall
Legacy
Franz Josef Gall (; 9 March 175822 August 1828) was a German neuroanatomist, physiologist, and pioneer in the study of the localization of mental functions in the brain. Claimed as the founder of the pseudoscience of phrenology, Gall was an early and important researcher in his fields. His contributions to the field ...
In spite of many problems associated with his work, Gall made significant contributions to the field of neurological science. He died in Paris, on 22 August 1828. Although married, he remained childless. Some direct descendants of his brothers lived in Germany until 1949. A collection of his skulls can be seen at the R...
[]
[ "Legacy" ]
[ "1758 births", "1828 deaths", "People from Enzkreis", "German Roman Catholics", "German neuroscientists", "History of neuroscience", "Phrenologists", "Philosophers of mind", "Members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences", "Burials at Père Lachaise Cemetery", "German physiologists" ]
projected-00310316-009
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franz%20Joseph%20Gall
Franz Joseph Gall
References
Franz Josef Gall (; 9 March 175822 August 1828) was a German neuroanatomist, physiologist, and pioneer in the study of the localization of mental functions in the brain. Claimed as the founder of the pseudoscience of phrenology, Gall was an early and important researcher in his fields. His contributions to the field ...
Chenevix, R., "Gall and Spurzheim — Phrenology", The Foreign Quarterly Review, Vol.2, No.3, (1828), pp. 1–59. Colbert, Charles. (1997). A measure of Perfection: Phrenology and the Fine Arts in America. The University of North Carolina Press. Combe, G., Essays on Phrenology, or An Inquiry into the Principles and Utili...
[]
[ "References" ]
[ "1758 births", "1828 deaths", "People from Enzkreis", "German Roman Catholics", "German neuroscientists", "History of neuroscience", "Phrenologists", "Philosophers of mind", "Members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences", "Burials at Père Lachaise Cemetery", "German physiologists" ]
projected-00310317-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81rp%C3%A1d
Árpád
Introduction
Árpád (; 845 – 907) was the head of the confederation of the Magyar tribes at the turn of the 9th and 10th centuries. He might have been either the sacred ruler or kende of the Hungarians, or their military leader or gyula, although most details of his life are debated by historians, because different sources contain...
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Magyar tribal chieftains", "House of Árpád", "Hungarian monarchs", "Medieval Hungarian nobility", "840s births", "900s deaths", "Year of birth uncertain", "Year of death uncertain", "9th-century Hungarian people", "10th-century Hungarian people", "10th-century rulers in Europe", "9th-century ...
projected-00310317-002
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81rp%C3%A1d
Árpád
Early life
Árpád (; 845 – 907) was the head of the confederation of the Magyar tribes at the turn of the 9th and 10th centuries. He might have been either the sacred ruler or kende of the Hungarians, or their military leader or gyula, although most details of his life are debated by historians, because different sources contain...
Árpád was the son of Álmos who is mentioned as the first head of the confederation of the Magyar tribes by all Hungarian chronicles. His mother's name and family are unknown. According to historian Gyula Kristó, Árpád was born around 845. His name derived from the Hungarian word for barley, árpa. The Byzantine Emperor...
[]
[ "Biography", "Early life" ]
[ "Magyar tribal chieftains", "House of Árpád", "Hungarian monarchs", "Medieval Hungarian nobility", "840s births", "900s deaths", "Year of birth uncertain", "Year of death uncertain", "9th-century Hungarian people", "10th-century Hungarian people", "10th-century rulers in Europe", "9th-century ...
projected-00310317-003
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81rp%C3%A1d
Árpád
Towards the Hungarian Conquest
Árpád (; 845 – 907) was the head of the confederation of the Magyar tribes at the turn of the 9th and 10th centuries. He might have been either the sacred ruler or kende of the Hungarians, or their military leader or gyula, although most details of his life are debated by historians, because different sources contain...
The earliest reliable source of Árpád's life is an early 10th-century document, the Continuation of the Chronicle by George the Monk. It narrates that the Byzantine Emperor Leo VI the Wise (r. 886–912) sent his envoy Nicetas Sclerus to the Hungarians in 894 or 895 "to give presents" and incite them against the Bulgaria...
[ "Árpád fejedelem 2 - Székelybere.jpg", "Aquincum-Óbuda-01.jpg", "Nagymegyer176.JPG", "Árpád's wife.jpg" ]
[ "Biography", "Towards the Hungarian Conquest" ]
[ "Magyar tribal chieftains", "House of Árpád", "Hungarian monarchs", "Medieval Hungarian nobility", "840s births", "900s deaths", "Year of birth uncertain", "Year of death uncertain", "9th-century Hungarian people", "10th-century Hungarian people", "10th-century rulers in Europe", "9th-century ...
projected-00310318-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New%20Zealand%20state%20highway%20network
New Zealand state highway network
Introduction
The New Zealand state highway network is the major national highway network in New Zealand. Nearly 100 roads in the North and South Islands are state highways. All state highways are administered by the NZ Transport Agency. The highways were originally designated using a two-tier system, national (SH 1 to 8) and provi...
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "State Highways in New Zealand", "Roads in New Zealand" ]
projected-00310318-001
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New%20Zealand%20state%20highway%20network
New Zealand state highway network
History
The New Zealand state highway network is the major national highway network in New Zealand. Nearly 100 roads in the North and South Islands are state highways. All state highways are administered by the NZ Transport Agency. The highways were originally designated using a two-tier system, national (SH 1 to 8) and provi...
In the early days all roads were managed by local road boards. Initially they were set up by the Provinces. For example, Auckland Province passed a Highways Act in 1862 allowing their Superintendent to define given areas of settlement as Highways Districts, each with a board of trustees elected by the landowners. Land ...
[ "NZ-highway-junction.jpg" ]
[ "History" ]
[ "State Highways in New Zealand", "Roads in New Zealand" ]
projected-00310318-002
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New%20Zealand%20state%20highway%20network
New Zealand state highway network
Classification
The New Zealand state highway network is the major national highway network in New Zealand. Nearly 100 roads in the North and South Islands are state highways. All state highways are administered by the NZ Transport Agency. The highways were originally designated using a two-tier system, national (SH 1 to 8) and provi...
Since 2013, the NZTA has used the One Network Road Classification (ONRC) system to classify state highways and local roads. There are five categories for state highways, with an additional sixth category (Access) used only by local roads. The categories are as follows: National: Generally these roads link the country'...
[]
[ "Classification" ]
[ "State Highways in New Zealand", "Roads in New Zealand" ]
projected-00310318-003
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New%20Zealand%20state%20highway%20network
New Zealand state highway network
Volumes
The New Zealand state highway network is the major national highway network in New Zealand. Nearly 100 roads in the North and South Islands are state highways. All state highways are administered by the NZ Transport Agency. The highways were originally designated using a two-tier system, national (SH 1 to 8) and provi...
From 2006 information, the busiest stretch of SH 1 was just south of the Auckland Central Motorway Junction, on/near the Newmarket Viaduct, with over 200,000 vehicles (either way) each day. The least busy parts of the network (excluding off-ramps and on-ramps) are on SH 43 north-east of Whangamōmona, with fewer than 12...
[]
[ "Volumes" ]
[ "State Highways in New Zealand", "Roads in New Zealand" ]
projected-00310318-004
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New%20Zealand%20state%20highway%20network
New Zealand state highway network
Distance markers
The New Zealand state highway network is the major national highway network in New Zealand. Nearly 100 roads in the North and South Islands are state highways. All state highways are administered by the NZ Transport Agency. The highways were originally designated using a two-tier system, national (SH 1 to 8) and provi...
State highways are marked with posts at irregular intervals giving the distance in kilometres from the start of the highway. Until recently, all bridges on the network had at each end a small plaque showing the distance from the start of the highway, usually in the form of a number in kilometres, an oblique stroke, and...
[ "NZ-WaikouaitiBridge.jpg" ]
[ "Distance markers" ]
[ "State Highways in New Zealand", "Roads in New Zealand" ]
projected-00310318-005
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New%20Zealand%20state%20highway%20network
New Zealand state highway network
Safety
The New Zealand state highway network is the major national highway network in New Zealand. Nearly 100 roads in the North and South Islands are state highways. All state highways are administered by the NZ Transport Agency. The highways were originally designated using a two-tier system, national (SH 1 to 8) and provi...
In early 2008, Transit New Zealand unveiled KiwiRAP (the New Zealand Road Assessment Programme) in cooperation with other government agencies and the New Zealand Automobile Association. The system, based on similar programs overseas, categorises New Zealand state highways according to the safety of discrete 'links' (se...
[]
[ "Safety" ]
[ "State Highways in New Zealand", "Roads in New Zealand" ]
projected-00310318-007
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New%20Zealand%20state%20highway%20network
New Zealand state highway network
State Highway 1
The New Zealand state highway network is the major national highway network in New Zealand. Nearly 100 roads in the North and South Islands are state highways. All state highways are administered by the NZ Transport Agency. The highways were originally designated using a two-tier system, national (SH 1 to 8) and provi...
State Highway 1 can be considered as a single highway running the length of both main islands, broken in the middle by the ferry connection at Cook Strait. It connects six of the seven largest urban areas and includes the country's busiest stretch of road.
[]
[ "Specific sections", "State Highway 1" ]
[ "State Highways in New Zealand", "Roads in New Zealand" ]
projected-00310318-008
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New%20Zealand%20state%20highway%20network
New Zealand state highway network
Touring routes
The New Zealand state highway network is the major national highway network in New Zealand. Nearly 100 roads in the North and South Islands are state highways. All state highways are administered by the NZ Transport Agency. The highways were originally designated using a two-tier system, national (SH 1 to 8) and provi...
Many sections of state highway provided are marketed as tourist highways, sometimes jointly with local roading providers. Transit maintains traffic signs on and near state highways to help promote these routes. These include: Twin Coast Discovery Highway – ring route around the Auckland and Northland regions. Pacific...
[ "Classic-nz-wine-trail.png", "Regional Route 70.png", "Regional Route 72 NZ.png", "Southern scenic route NZ marker.jpg" ]
[ "Specific sections", "Touring routes" ]
[ "State Highways in New Zealand", "Roads in New Zealand" ]
projected-00310318-009
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New%20Zealand%20state%20highway%20network
New Zealand state highway network
See also
The New Zealand state highway network is the major national highway network in New Zealand. Nearly 100 roads in the North and South Islands are state highways. All state highways are administered by the NZ Transport Agency. The highways were originally designated using a two-tier system, national (SH 1 to 8) and provi...
List of New Zealand state highways List of roads and highways, for notable or famous roads worldwide
[]
[ "See also" ]
[ "State Highways in New Zealand", "Roads in New Zealand" ]
projected-00310322-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rahman%20Ali
Rahman Ali
Introduction
Rahaman Ali (born Rudolph Valentino Clay; July 18, 1944) is an American former heavyweight boxer. He is the younger brother of Muhammad Ali.
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "1944 births", "Living people", "20th-century Muslims", "21st-century Muslims", "African-American boxers", "African-American Muslims", "American male boxers", "American people of English descent", "American people of Irish descent", "American people of Malagasy descent", "Boxers from Louisville,...
projected-00310322-001
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rahman%20Ali
Rahman Ali
Biography
Rahaman Ali (born Rudolph Valentino Clay; July 18, 1944) is an American former heavyweight boxer. He is the younger brother of Muhammad Ali.
Ali was born to Cassius Marcellus Clay Sr. and Odessa Clay on July 18, 1944, 30 months after his brother Cassius. Muhammad started boxing in a Louisville, Kentucky amateur boxing league. While he went to the 1960 Olympics, Rahaman was not selected and remained amateur until February 25, 1964, the night his brother won...
[]
[ "Biography" ]
[ "1944 births", "Living people", "20th-century Muslims", "21st-century Muslims", "African-American boxers", "African-American Muslims", "American male boxers", "American people of English descent", "American people of Irish descent", "American people of Malagasy descent", "Boxers from Louisville,...
projected-00310322-002
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rahman%20Ali
Rahman Ali
Professional boxing record
Rahaman Ali (born Rudolph Valentino Clay; July 18, 1944) is an American former heavyweight boxer. He is the younger brother of Muhammad Ali.
| Miami Beach Auditorium, Miami Beach, Florida
[]
[ "Professional boxing record" ]
[ "1944 births", "Living people", "20th-century Muslims", "21st-century Muslims", "African-American boxers", "African-American Muslims", "American male boxers", "American people of English descent", "American people of Irish descent", "American people of Malagasy descent", "Boxers from Louisville,...
projected-00310323-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinventing%20the%20Steel
Reinventing the Steel
Introduction
Reinventing the Steel is the ninth studio album by American heavy metal band Pantera, released on March 21, 2000 through East West Records. This was the last studio album Pantera released before their nineteen-year breakup from November 2003 to July 2022, and it is the band's final album to feature the Abbott brothers ...
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "2000 albums", "Pantera albums", "East West Records albums" ]
projected-00310323-001
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinventing%20the%20Steel
Reinventing the Steel
Background
Reinventing the Steel is the ninth studio album by American heavy metal band Pantera, released on March 21, 2000 through East West Records. This was the last studio album Pantera released before their nineteen-year breakup from November 2003 to July 2022, and it is the band's final album to feature the Abbott brothers ...
Reinventing the Steel was produced by the Abbott brothers in addition to Sterling Winfield, making it Pantera's first studio album since 1988's Power Metal not to be produced by Terry Date. In Australia, a two-disc "Tour Edition" of the album was released. The first disc consists of the album proper while the second i...
[]
[ "Background" ]
[ "2000 albums", "Pantera albums", "East West Records albums" ]
projected-00310323-002
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinventing%20the%20Steel
Reinventing the Steel
Lyrics and style
Reinventing the Steel is the ninth studio album by American heavy metal band Pantera, released on March 21, 2000 through East West Records. This was the last studio album Pantera released before their nineteen-year breakup from November 2003 to July 2022, and it is the band's final album to feature the Abbott brothers ...
Reinventing the Steel contains lyrics mostly about the band itself, as on "We'll Grind that Axe for a Long Time" (where the band members tell about how they have kept it "true" throughout the years, while many of their peers "sucked up for the fame") and "I'll Cast a Shadow" (about Pantera's influence on the genre). Th...
[]
[ "Lyrics and style" ]
[ "2000 albums", "Pantera albums", "East West Records albums" ]
projected-00310323-003
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinventing%20the%20Steel
Reinventing the Steel
Artwork
Reinventing the Steel is the ninth studio album by American heavy metal band Pantera, released on March 21, 2000 through East West Records. This was the last studio album Pantera released before their nineteen-year breakup from November 2003 to July 2022, and it is the band's final album to feature the Abbott brothers ...
The cover art is by Scott Caliva (1967–2003), a friend of Pantera lead singer Phil Anselmo. Caliva took the photo of a partygoer at Anselmo's house jumping through a bonfire clutching a bottle of Wild Turkey bourbon whiskey. The bottle is pixelated on the cover so the label would not be visible, to avoid copyright infr...
[]
[ "Artwork" ]
[ "2000 albums", "Pantera albums", "East West Records albums" ]
projected-00310323-005
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinventing%20the%20Steel
Reinventing the Steel
Commercial performance
Reinventing the Steel is the ninth studio album by American heavy metal band Pantera, released on March 21, 2000 through East West Records. This was the last studio album Pantera released before their nineteen-year breakup from November 2003 to July 2022, and it is the band's final album to feature the Abbott brothers ...
Reinventing the Steel reached number 4 on the Billboard 200 chart, number 8 on the Top Canadian Albums chart, and number 5 on the Top Internet Albums chart. It held its position in the Billboard 200 for over 12 weeks. The album's fifth track, "Revolution Is My Name", reached number 28 on Billboards Mainstream Rock Trac...
[]
[ "Reception", "Commercial performance" ]
[ "2000 albums", "Pantera albums", "East West Records albums" ]
projected-00310323-006
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinventing%20the%20Steel
Reinventing the Steel
Review scores
Reinventing the Steel is the ninth studio album by American heavy metal band Pantera, released on March 21, 2000 through East West Records. This was the last studio album Pantera released before their nineteen-year breakup from November 2003 to July 2022, and it is the band's final album to feature the Abbott brothers ...
Rolling Stone (5/25/00, p. 73) – 3.5 stars out of 5 – "Metal-revivalist....relying on the genre's primal elements of rage and analog noise...chopped up with squealing dissonance....brutal enough to please underground purists and familiar enough for weekend headbangers." Entertainment Weekly (3/24/00, p. 102) – "...res...
[]
[ "Reception", "Review scores" ]
[ "2000 albums", "Pantera albums", "East West Records albums" ]
projected-00310323-007
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinventing%20the%20Steel
Reinventing the Steel
Accolades
Reinventing the Steel is the ninth studio album by American heavy metal band Pantera, released on March 21, 2000 through East West Records. This was the last studio album Pantera released before their nineteen-year breakup from November 2003 to July 2022, and it is the band's final album to feature the Abbott brothers ...
In the 2000 Metal Edge Readers' Choice Awards, the album was voted "Album of the Year" and "Album Cover of the Year" (tying with Iron Maiden's Brave New World for the latter), while the single "Revolution Is My Name" won "Song of the Year". "Revolution Is My Name" was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Metal Perfor...
[]
[ "Reception", "Accolades" ]
[ "2000 albums", "Pantera albums", "East West Records albums" ]
projected-00310323-012
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinventing%20the%20Steel
Reinventing the Steel
References
Reinventing the Steel is the ninth studio album by American heavy metal band Pantera, released on March 21, 2000 through East West Records. This was the last studio album Pantera released before their nineteen-year breakup from November 2003 to July 2022, and it is the band's final album to feature the Abbott brothers ...
Category:2000 albums Category:Pantera albums Category:East West Records albums
[]
[ "References" ]
[ "2000 albums", "Pantera albums", "East West Records albums" ]
projected-00310324-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ornithorhynchidae
Ornithorhynchidae
Introduction
The Ornithorhynchidae are one of the two extant families in the order Monotremata, and contain the platypus and its extinct relatives. The other family is the Tachyglossidae, or echidnas. Within the Ornithorhynchidae are the genera Monotrematum, Obdurodon, and Ornithorhynchus: Family Ornithorhynchidae Genus † Monotr...
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Ornithorhynchidae", "Taxa named by John Edward Gray", "Extant Selandian first appearances" ]
projected-00310324-001
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ornithorhynchidae
Ornithorhynchidae
References
The Ornithorhynchidae are one of the two extant families in the order Monotremata, and contain the platypus and its extinct relatives. The other family is the Tachyglossidae, or echidnas. Within the Ornithorhynchidae are the genera Monotrematum, Obdurodon, and Ornithorhynchus: Family Ornithorhynchidae Genus † Monotr...
Category:Taxa named by John Edward Gray Category:Extant Selandian first appearances
[]
[ "References" ]
[ "Ornithorhynchidae", "Taxa named by John Edward Gray", "Extant Selandian first appearances" ]
projected-00310327-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob%20Harris
Bob Harris
Introduction
Bob or Bobby Harris may refer to:
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[]
projected-00310327-001
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob%20Harris
Bob Harris
Entertainment
Bob or Bobby Harris may refer to:
Bob Harris (radio presenter) (born 1946), "Whispering" Bob Harris, British radio and TV presenter Bob Harris (sportscaster) (born 1942), American sports broadcaster Bob Harris (musician) (1943–2001), American jazz pianist, keyboardist and arranger Bobby Harris (musician), founder of the Dazz Band J. Robert Harris (...
[]
[ "Entertainment" ]
[]
projected-00310327-002
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob%20Harris
Bob Harris
Sports
Bob or Bobby Harris may refer to:
Bob Harris (baseball) (1915–1989), American baseball player Bob Harris (basketball) (1927–1977), American basketball player Bob Harris (footballer) (born 1987), Scottish footballer Bob Harris (snooker player) (born 1956) Bobby Harris (born 1983), American football player
[]
[ "Sports" ]
[]
projected-00310327-003
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob%20Harris
Bob Harris
Fiction
Bob or Bobby Harris may refer to:
Bob Harris (character), fictional character in the movie Lost in Translation
[]
[ "Fiction" ]
[]
projected-00310327-004
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob%20Harris
Bob Harris
See also
Bob or Bobby Harris may refer to:
Robert Harris (disambiguation)
[]
[ "See also" ]
[]
projected-00310328-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sail%20%28disambiguation%29
Sail (disambiguation)
Introduction
A sail is any type of surface intended to move a vessel, vehicle or rotor by being placed in a wind. Sail or SAIL may also refer to:
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[]
projected-00310328-001
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sail%20%28disambiguation%29
Sail (disambiguation)
Derived from the traditional meaning of sail
A sail is any type of surface intended to move a vessel, vehicle or rotor by being placed in a wind. Sail or SAIL may also refer to:
Windmill sail, the wind-catching panel or cloth section that provides power to a windmill Sail (hieroglyph), an Egyptian language determinative Sail (submarine), the tower-like structure on the topside of submarines Sail (anatomy), a fin-like extension from the back of some animals
[]
[ "Derived from the traditional meaning of sail" ]
[]
projected-00310328-002
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sail%20%28disambiguation%29
Sail (disambiguation)
Acronyms
A sail is any type of surface intended to move a vessel, vehicle or rotor by being placed in a wind. Sail or SAIL may also refer to:
SAIL (cable system) (South Atlantic Inter Link), a submarine cable connecting Cameroon to Brazil Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laboratory SAIL programming language, created at Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Shuttle Avionics Integration Laboratory, a facility at Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center in Houst...
[]
[ "Acronyms" ]
[]
projected-00310328-003
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sail%20%28disambiguation%29
Sail (disambiguation)
Places
A sail is any type of surface intended to move a vessel, vehicle or rotor by being placed in a wind. Sail or SAIL may also refer to:
Sail, Pekanbaru, an administrative district of Pekanbaru, Riau, Indonesia SAIL High School, a public high school in Tallahassee, Florida Sail (Lake District), a hill in the English Lake District
[]
[ "Places" ]
[]
projected-00310328-004
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sail%20%28disambiguation%29
Sail (disambiguation)
Other
A sail is any type of surface intended to move a vessel, vehicle or rotor by being placed in a wind. Sail or SAIL may also refer to:
Sail (letter), a letter of the Ogham alphabet "A Sail", a poem by Mikhail Lermontov Sail (novel), a 2008 mystery novel by James Patterson Sails (album), an album by Chet Atkins "Sails" (song), a 1969 song by Elton John "Sail" (song), a 2011 song by Awolnation Chevrolet Sail, a hatchback car SAIL Amsterdam, nauti...
[]
[ "Other" ]
[]
projected-00310328-005
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sail%20%28disambiguation%29
Sail (disambiguation)
See also
A sail is any type of surface intended to move a vessel, vehicle or rotor by being placed in a wind. Sail or SAIL may also refer to:
Sale (disambiguation) Solar sail
[]
[ "See also" ]
[]
projected-00310329-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buck%20Naked%20and%20the%20Bare%20Bottom%20Boys
Buck Naked and the Bare Bottom Boys
Introduction
Buck Naked and the Bare Bottom Boys were an American rockabilly band from San Francisco, California.
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Rock music groups from California", "Musical groups disestablished in 1992", "American musical trios" ]
projected-00310329-001
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buck%20Naked%20and%20the%20Bare%20Bottom%20Boys
Buck Naked and the Bare Bottom Boys
History
Buck Naked and the Bare Bottom Boys were an American rockabilly band from San Francisco, California.
Buck Naked and the Bare Bottom Boys came out of the San Francisco Bay Area in the mid-1980s (originally from Omaha, Nebraska). Lead singer/guitarist Phillip Bury (1954-1992, known by stage name "Buck Naked") performed on stage wearing only cowboy boots, a cowboy hat, a guitar, and a strategically placed toilet plunger....
[]
[ "History" ]
[ "Rock music groups from California", "Musical groups disestablished in 1992", "American musical trios" ]
projected-00310329-002
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buck%20Naked%20and%20the%20Bare%20Bottom%20Boys
Buck Naked and the Bare Bottom Boys
Discography
Buck Naked and the Bare Bottom Boys were an American rockabilly band from San Francisco, California.
Teenage Pussy From Outer Space (EP) Buck Naked and the Bare Bottom Boys (1993)
[]
[ "Discography" ]
[ "Rock music groups from California", "Musical groups disestablished in 1992", "American musical trios" ]
projected-00310329-003
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buck%20Naked%20and%20the%20Bare%20Bottom%20Boys
Buck Naked and the Bare Bottom Boys
See also
Buck Naked and the Bare Bottom Boys were an American rockabilly band from San Francisco, California.
Naked Cowboy
[]
[ "See also" ]
[ "Rock music groups from California", "Musical groups disestablished in 1992", "American musical trios" ]
projected-00310329-004
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buck%20Naked%20and%20the%20Bare%20Bottom%20Boys
Buck Naked and the Bare Bottom Boys
References
Buck Naked and the Bare Bottom Boys were an American rockabilly band from San Francisco, California.
Category:Rock music groups from California Category:Musical groups disestablished in 1992 Category:American musical trios
[]
[ "References" ]
[ "Rock music groups from California", "Musical groups disestablished in 1992", "American musical trios" ]
projected-00310331-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Development%20hell
Development hell
Introduction
Development hell, development purgatory, and development limbo are media and software industry jargon for a project, concept, or idea that remains in development for an especially long time, often moving between different crews, scripts, game engines, or studios before it progresses to production, if it ever does. Proj...
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Film production", "Video game development" ]
projected-00310331-002
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Development%20hell
Development hell
Film
Development hell, development purgatory, and development limbo are media and software industry jargon for a project, concept, or idea that remains in development for an especially long time, often moving between different crews, scripts, game engines, or studios before it progresses to production, if it ever does. Proj...
Film industry companies often buy the film rights to many popular novels, video games, and comic books, but it may take years for such properties to be successfully brought to the screen, and often with considerable changes to the plot, characters, and general tone. This pre-production process can last for months or ye...
[]
[ "Overview", "Film" ]
[ "Film production", "Video game development" ]
projected-00310331-003
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Development%20hell
Development hell
Television
Development hell, development purgatory, and development limbo are media and software industry jargon for a project, concept, or idea that remains in development for an especially long time, often moving between different crews, scripts, game engines, or studios before it progresses to production, if it ever does. Proj...
Television series can experience development hell between seasons, resulting in a long delay from one season to the next.
[]
[ "Overview", "Television" ]
[ "Film production", "Video game development" ]
projected-00310331-004
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Development%20hell
Development hell
Video games
Development hell, development purgatory, and development limbo are media and software industry jargon for a project, concept, or idea that remains in development for an especially long time, often moving between different crews, scripts, game engines, or studios before it progresses to production, if it ever does. Proj...
Video game development can be stalled for years, occasionally over a decade, often due to a project being moved to different production studios, multiple iterations of the game being created and abandoned, or difficulties with the development of the game software itself.
[]
[ "Overview", "Video games" ]
[ "Film production", "Video game development" ]
projected-00310331-005
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Development%20hell
Development hell
Causes
Development hell, development purgatory, and development limbo are media and software industry jargon for a project, concept, or idea that remains in development for an especially long time, often moving between different crews, scripts, game engines, or studios before it progresses to production, if it ever does. Proj...
The concept artist and illustrator Sylvain Despretz has suggested that "Development hell doesn't happen with no-name directors. It happens only with famous directors that a studio doesn't dare break up with. And that's how you end up for two years just, you know, polishing a turd. Until, finally, somebody walks away, a...
[]
[ "Causes" ]
[ "Film production", "Video game development" ]
projected-00310331-006
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Development%20hell
Development hell
Turnaround deals
Development hell, development purgatory, and development limbo are media and software industry jargon for a project, concept, or idea that remains in development for an especially long time, often moving between different crews, scripts, game engines, or studios before it progresses to production, if it ever does. Proj...
If a film is in development but never receives the necessary production funds, another studio may execute a turnaround deal and successfully produce the film. For example, Columbia Pictures stopped production of E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial (1982). Universal Pictures then picked up the film and made it a success. When a ...
[]
[ "Turnaround deals" ]
[ "Film production", "Video game development" ]
projected-00310331-007
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Development%20hell
Development hell
See also
Development hell, development purgatory, and development limbo are media and software industry jargon for a project, concept, or idea that remains in development for an especially long time, often moving between different crews, scripts, game engines, or studios before it progresses to production, if it ever does. Proj...
List of media notable for being in development hell Turnaround (filmmaking) Vaporware
[]
[ "See also" ]
[ "Film production", "Video game development" ]
projected-00310331-008
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Development%20hell
Development hell
References
Development hell, development purgatory, and development limbo are media and software industry jargon for a project, concept, or idea that remains in development for an especially long time, often moving between different crews, scripts, game engines, or studios before it progresses to production, if it ever does. Proj...
Category:Film production Category:Video game development
[]
[ "References" ]
[ "Film production", "Video game development" ]
projected-00310342-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TOPS
TOPS
Introduction
Total Operations Processing System (TOPS) is a computer system for managing railway locomotives and rolling stock, known for many years of use in the United Kingdom. TOPS was originally developed between the Southern Pacific Railroad (SP), Stanford University and IBM as a replacement for paper-based systems for manag...
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "British Rail numbering and classification systems", "Rail technologies", "Legacy systems", "Information systems" ]
projected-00310342-001
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TOPS
TOPS
Early development
Total Operations Processing System (TOPS) is a computer system for managing railway locomotives and rolling stock, known for many years of use in the United Kingdom. TOPS was originally developed between the Southern Pacific Railroad (SP), Stanford University and IBM as a replacement for paper-based systems for manag...
During the 1950s and 1960s, it was increasingly recognised that the adoption of computer-based management systems could provide substantial benefits in various operations, particularly those involving logistics. Consequently, by the 1960s, various railways in various countries, including Japan, Canada, and the United S...
[]
[ "Early development" ]
[ "British Rail numbering and classification systems", "Rail technologies", "Legacy systems", "Information systems" ]
projected-00310342-002
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TOPS
TOPS
Adoption by British Rail
Total Operations Processing System (TOPS) is a computer system for managing railway locomotives and rolling stock, known for many years of use in the United Kingdom. TOPS was originally developed between the Southern Pacific Railroad (SP), Stanford University and IBM as a replacement for paper-based systems for manag...
During late 1960s, British Rail (BR) was looking for ways to increase efficiency, particularly of its declining freight operations, and identified a computer-based system as a key tool for improving both planning and control. The specific requirements included the more effective utilisation of freight rolling stock, be...
[]
[ "Adoption by British Rail" ]
[ "British Rail numbering and classification systems", "Rail technologies", "Legacy systems", "Information systems" ]
projected-00310342-003
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TOPS
TOPS
TOPS numbering under British Rail
Total Operations Processing System (TOPS) is a computer system for managing railway locomotives and rolling stock, known for many years of use in the United Kingdom. TOPS was originally developed between the Southern Pacific Railroad (SP), Stanford University and IBM as a replacement for paper-based systems for manag...
Sequentiality was all that was required but, given the need to renumber, it was decided to adopt a logical system for classification, and the five- or six-digit TOPS number was divided into two parts. No class of locomotive or multiple unit numbered over 1,000 examples, so the last three digits were used for the indivi...
[ "British Rail Class 31-4 dataplate.jpg" ]
[ "Adoption by British Rail", "TOPS numbering under British Rail" ]
[ "British Rail numbering and classification systems", "Rail technologies", "Legacy systems", "Information systems" ]
projected-00310342-004
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TOPS
TOPS
Recent history
Total Operations Processing System (TOPS) is a computer system for managing railway locomotives and rolling stock, known for many years of use in the United Kingdom. TOPS was originally developed between the Southern Pacific Railroad (SP), Stanford University and IBM as a replacement for paper-based systems for manag...
TOPS has become outdated in recent decades. It is a text-terminal, mainframe-driven system; which is regarded as not very user-friendly, and hard to use compared with contemporary computer user-interfaces. In addition, it is written in its own programming language, TOPSTRAN (not strictly speaking a separate language bu...
[]
[ "Recent history" ]
[ "British Rail numbering and classification systems", "Rail technologies", "Legacy systems", "Information systems" ]
projected-00310342-005
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TOPS
TOPS
Sample output
Total Operations Processing System (TOPS) is a computer system for managing railway locomotives and rolling stock, known for many years of use in the United Kingdom. TOPS was originally developed between the Southern Pacific Railroad (SP), Stanford University and IBM as a replacement for paper-based systems for manag...
This is a typical report that a TOPS clerk could generate. The train in question is a 25 wagon freight train travelling from Over & Wharton, near Winsford, to Reading West Junction, Berkshire. K383400 0010 2837 22/10/86 U483 ON N199 BY KO TRAIN ENQUIRY RESPONSE FOR 377Z380 22 TFA - 9KJ ACTUAL TRAIN ID 377Z380 22 BOO...
[]
[ "Sample output" ]
[ "British Rail numbering and classification systems", "Rail technologies", "Legacy systems", "Information systems" ]
projected-00310342-006
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TOPS
TOPS
References
Total Operations Processing System (TOPS) is a computer system for managing railway locomotives and rolling stock, known for many years of use in the United Kingdom. TOPS was originally developed between the Southern Pacific Railroad (SP), Stanford University and IBM as a replacement for paper-based systems for manag...
Category:British Rail numbering and classification systems Category:Rail technologies Category:Legacy systems Category:Information systems
[]
[ "References" ]
[ "British Rail numbering and classification systems", "Rail technologies", "Legacy systems", "Information systems" ]
projected-00310343-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperio%20Argentina
Imperio Argentina
Introduction
María Magdalena Nile del Río (26 December 1906 – 22 August 2003) was an Argentine professional singer and movie actress, better known as Imperio Argentina; she became a citizen of Spain in 1999. María Magdalena Nile del Río was born to Antonio Nile (a guitar player, born in Gibraltar) and Rosario del Río (a native of ...
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "2003 deaths", "Naturalised citizens of Spain", "Age controversies", "Argentine emigrants to Spain", "Actresses from Buenos Aires", "Singers from Buenos Aires", "Argentine people of Gibraltarian descent", "Spanish film actresses", "Spanish silent film actresses", "Spanish stage actresses", "Arge...
projected-00310343-001
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperio%20Argentina
Imperio Argentina
Death
María Magdalena Nile del Río (26 December 1906 – 22 August 2003) was an Argentine professional singer and movie actress, better known as Imperio Argentina; she became a citizen of Spain in 1999. María Magdalena Nile del Río was born to Antonio Nile (a guitar player, born in Gibraltar) and Rosario del Río (a native of ...
In January 2003, she suffered an angina attack and was admitted to the University Hospital of Malaga. She died in Benalmádena in the Province of Málaga (her mother was born and raised in the same province) in August 2003, aged 97. She had two children. Her son, Florián Antonio Martínez Nile, by her marriage to Florián ...
[]
[ "Death" ]
[ "2003 deaths", "Naturalised citizens of Spain", "Age controversies", "Argentine emigrants to Spain", "Actresses from Buenos Aires", "Singers from Buenos Aires", "Argentine people of Gibraltarian descent", "Spanish film actresses", "Spanish silent film actresses", "Spanish stage actresses", "Arge...
projected-00310343-002
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperio%20Argentina
Imperio Argentina
Selected filmography
María Magdalena Nile del Río (26 December 1906 – 22 August 2003) was an Argentine professional singer and movie actress, better known as Imperio Argentina; she became a citizen of Spain in 1999. María Magdalena Nile del Río was born to Antonio Nile (a guitar player, born in Gibraltar) and Rosario del Río (a native of ...
Sister San Sulpicio (1927) Restless Hearts (1928) Los claveles de la virgen (1929) El amor solfeando (1930) Lo mejor es reír (1931) Cinópolis (1931) Su noche de bodas (1931) La casa es seria (1932) When Do You Commit Suicide? (1932) Suburban Melody (1933) El novio de mamá (1934) Sister San Sulpicio (1934...
[]
[ "Selected filmography" ]
[ "2003 deaths", "Naturalised citizens of Spain", "Age controversies", "Argentine emigrants to Spain", "Actresses from Buenos Aires", "Singers from Buenos Aires", "Argentine people of Gibraltarian descent", "Spanish film actresses", "Spanish silent film actresses", "Spanish stage actresses", "Arge...
projected-00310344-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jorge%20Rafael%20Videla
Jorge Rafael Videla
Introduction
Jorge Rafael Videla (; ; 2 August 1925 – 17 May 2013) was an Argentine military officer and dictator, Commander in Chief of the Army, member of the Military Junta, and de facto President of Argentina from 29 March 1976 to 29 March 1981. His reign, which was during the time of Operation Condor, was among the most infamo...
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Presidents of Argentina", "Operatives of the Dirty War", "1925 births", "2013 deaths", "Argentine people convicted of crimes against humanity", "Leaders who took power by coup", "Operation Condor", "Propaganda Due", "People from Mercedes, Buenos Aires", "Colegio Militar de la Nación alumni", "A...
projected-00310344-001
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jorge%20Rafael%20Videla
Jorge Rafael Videla
Early life and family
Jorge Rafael Videla (; ; 2 August 1925 – 17 May 2013) was an Argentine military officer and dictator, Commander in Chief of the Army, member of the Military Junta, and de facto President of Argentina from 29 March 1976 to 29 March 1981. His reign, which was during the time of Operation Condor, was among the most infamo...
Jorge Rafael Videla was born on 2 August 1925 in the city of Mercedes. He was the third of five sons born to Colonel Rafael Eugenio Videla Bengolea (1888–1951) and María Olga Redondo Ojea (1897–1987) and was christened in honor of his two older twin brothers, who had died of measles in 1923. Videla's family was a promi...
[]
[ "Early life and family" ]
[ "Presidents of Argentina", "Operatives of the Dirty War", "1925 births", "2013 deaths", "Argentine people convicted of crimes against humanity", "Leaders who took power by coup", "Operation Condor", "Propaganda Due", "People from Mercedes, Buenos Aires", "Colegio Militar de la Nación alumni", "A...
projected-00310344-002
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jorge%20Rafael%20Videla
Jorge Rafael Videla
Army career
Jorge Rafael Videla (; ; 2 August 1925 – 17 May 2013) was an Argentine military officer and dictator, Commander in Chief of the Army, member of the Military Junta, and de facto President of Argentina from 29 March 1976 to 29 March 1981. His reign, which was during the time of Operation Condor, was among the most infamo...
Videla joined the National Military College (Colegio Militar de la Nación) on 1942 and graduated on 1944 with the rank of second lieutenant. After steady promotion as a junior officer in the infantry, he attended the War College between 1952 and 1954 and graduated as a qualified staff officer. Videla served at the Mi...
[]
[ "Army career" ]
[ "Presidents of Argentina", "Operatives of the Dirty War", "1925 births", "2013 deaths", "Argentine people convicted of crimes against humanity", "Leaders who took power by coup", "Operation Condor", "Propaganda Due", "People from Mercedes, Buenos Aires", "Colegio Militar de la Nación alumni", "A...
projected-00310344-003
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jorge%20Rafael%20Videla
Jorge Rafael Videla
Coup d'état
Jorge Rafael Videla (; ; 2 August 1925 – 17 May 2013) was an Argentine military officer and dictator, Commander in Chief of the Army, member of the Military Junta, and de facto President of Argentina from 29 March 1976 to 29 March 1981. His reign, which was during the time of Operation Condor, was among the most infamo...
Upon the death of President Juan Perón, his widow and Vice President Isabel became President. Videla headed a military coup which deposed her on 1976, during increasing violence, social unrest and economic problems. A military junta was formed, made up of him, representing the Army; Admiral Emilio Massera representing...
[ "Jorge Rafael Videla Oath.PNG" ]
[ "Coup d'état" ]
[ "Presidents of Argentina", "Operatives of the Dirty War", "1925 births", "2013 deaths", "Argentine people convicted of crimes against humanity", "Leaders who took power by coup", "Operation Condor", "Propaganda Due", "People from Mercedes, Buenos Aires", "Colegio Militar de la Nación alumni", "A...
projected-00310344-004
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jorge%20Rafael%20Videla
Jorge Rafael Videla
Presidency
Jorge Rafael Videla (; ; 2 August 1925 – 17 May 2013) was an Argentine military officer and dictator, Commander in Chief of the Army, member of the Military Junta, and de facto President of Argentina from 29 March 1976 to 29 March 1981. His reign, which was during the time of Operation Condor, was among the most infamo...
Two days after the coup, Videla formally assumed the post of President of Argentina.
[]
[ "Presidency" ]
[ "Presidents of Argentina", "Operatives of the Dirty War", "1925 births", "2013 deaths", "Argentine people convicted of crimes against humanity", "Leaders who took power by coup", "Operation Condor", "Propaganda Due", "People from Mercedes, Buenos Aires", "Colegio Militar de la Nación alumni", "A...
projected-00310344-005
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jorge%20Rafael%20Videla
Jorge Rafael Videla
Human rights violations
Jorge Rafael Videla (; ; 2 August 1925 – 17 May 2013) was an Argentine military officer and dictator, Commander in Chief of the Army, member of the Military Junta, and de facto President of Argentina from 29 March 1976 to 29 March 1981. His reign, which was during the time of Operation Condor, was among the most infamo...
The military junta is remembered for the forced disappearances of large numbers of students. The military junta took power during a period of terrorist attacks from the Marxist groups ERP, the Montoneros, FAL, FAR and FAP, who had gone underground after Juan Perón's death in , and violent right-wing kidnappings, tortur...
[ "Jorge Rafael Videla.png" ]
[ "Presidency", "Human rights violations" ]
[ "Presidents of Argentina", "Operatives of the Dirty War", "1925 births", "2013 deaths", "Argentine people convicted of crimes against humanity", "Leaders who took power by coup", "Operation Condor", "Propaganda Due", "People from Mercedes, Buenos Aires", "Colegio Militar de la Nación alumni", "A...
projected-00310344-006
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jorge%20Rafael%20Videla
Jorge Rafael Videla
Economic policy
Jorge Rafael Videla (; ; 2 August 1925 – 17 May 2013) was an Argentine military officer and dictator, Commander in Chief of the Army, member of the Military Junta, and de facto President of Argentina from 29 March 1976 to 29 March 1981. His reign, which was during the time of Operation Condor, was among the most infamo...
As Argentina’s new president, Videla faced a collapsing economy racked by soaring inflation. He largely left economic policies in the hands of Minister José Alfredo Martínez de Hoz, who adopted a free trade and deregulatory economic policy. Martínez de Hoz took measures to restore economic growth, reversing Peronism i...
[ "Videla Sociedad Rural.jpg" ]
[ "Presidency", "Economic policy" ]
[ "Presidents of Argentina", "Operatives of the Dirty War", "1925 births", "2013 deaths", "Argentine people convicted of crimes against humanity", "Leaders who took power by coup", "Operation Condor", "Propaganda Due", "People from Mercedes, Buenos Aires", "Colegio Militar de la Nación alumni", "A...
projected-00310344-007
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jorge%20Rafael%20Videla
Jorge Rafael Videla
Foreign relations
Jorge Rafael Videla (; ; 2 August 1925 – 17 May 2013) was an Argentine military officer and dictator, Commander in Chief of the Army, member of the Military Junta, and de facto President of Argentina from 29 March 1976 to 29 March 1981. His reign, which was during the time of Operation Condor, was among the most infamo...
The coup d'état had been planned since October 1975, and the United States Department of State learned of the preparations two months before its execution. Henry Kissinger would meet several times with Argentine Armed Forces leaders after the coup, urging them to destroy their opponents quickly before outcry over human...
[ "Videla y Carter.jpg" ]
[ "Presidency", "Foreign relations" ]
[ "Presidents of Argentina", "Operatives of the Dirty War", "1925 births", "2013 deaths", "Argentine people convicted of crimes against humanity", "Leaders who took power by coup", "Operation Condor", "Propaganda Due", "People from Mercedes, Buenos Aires", "Colegio Militar de la Nación alumni", "A...
projected-00310344-008
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jorge%20Rafael%20Videla
Jorge Rafael Videla
Public relations
Jorge Rafael Videla (; ; 2 August 1925 – 17 May 2013) was an Argentine military officer and dictator, Commander in Chief of the Army, member of the Military Junta, and de facto President of Argentina from 29 March 1976 to 29 March 1981. His reign, which was during the time of Operation Condor, was among the most infamo...
One of Videla's greatest challenges was his image abroad. He attributed criticism over human rights to an anti-Argentine campaign. On 19 May 1976, he attended a luncheon with a group of Argentine intellectuals, including Ernesto Sábato, Jorge Luis Borges, Horacio Esteban Ratti (president of the Argentine Writers Societ...
[ "Los argentinos somos derechos y humanos.jpg" ]
[ "Presidency", "Public relations" ]
[ "Presidents of Argentina", "Operatives of the Dirty War", "1925 births", "2013 deaths", "Argentine people convicted of crimes against humanity", "Leaders who took power by coup", "Operation Condor", "Propaganda Due", "People from Mercedes, Buenos Aires", "Colegio Militar de la Nación alumni", "A...
projected-00310344-009
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jorge%20Rafael%20Videla
Jorge Rafael Videla
Later life and death
Jorge Rafael Videla (; ; 2 August 1925 – 17 May 2013) was an Argentine military officer and dictator, Commander in Chief of the Army, member of the Military Junta, and de facto President of Argentina from 29 March 1976 to 29 March 1981. His reign, which was during the time of Operation Condor, was among the most infamo...
Videla relinquished power to Roberto Viola on 1981. On April 7th, 1982, Videla attended the swearing-in ceremony of general Mario Benjamín Menéndez as governor of the Malvinas Islands. The military regime continued until it collapsed after losing the Falklands war in 1982. Democracy was restored in 1983. The new gove...
[]
[ "Later life and death" ]
[ "Presidents of Argentina", "Operatives of the Dirty War", "1925 births", "2013 deaths", "Argentine people convicted of crimes against humanity", "Leaders who took power by coup", "Operation Condor", "Propaganda Due", "People from Mercedes, Buenos Aires", "Colegio Militar de la Nación alumni", "A...
projected-00310344-010
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jorge%20Rafael%20Videla
Jorge Rafael Videla
See also
Jorge Rafael Videla (; ; 2 August 1925 – 17 May 2013) was an Argentine military officer and dictator, Commander in Chief of the Army, member of the Military Junta, and de facto President of Argentina from 29 March 1976 to 29 March 1981. His reign, which was during the time of Operation Condor, was among the most infamo...
Albano Harguindeguy
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[ "See also" ]
[ "Presidents of Argentina", "Operatives of the Dirty War", "1925 births", "2013 deaths", "Argentine people convicted of crimes against humanity", "Leaders who took power by coup", "Operation Condor", "Propaganda Due", "People from Mercedes, Buenos Aires", "Colegio Militar de la Nación alumni", "A...
projected-00310352-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Morgan%20%28anti-Mason%29
William Morgan (anti-Mason)
Introduction
William Morgan (born 1774 – disappeared 1826) was a resident of Batavia, New York, whose disappearance and presumed murder in 1826 ignited a powerful movement against the Freemasons, a fraternal society that had become influential in the United States. After Morgan announced his intention to publish a book exposing Fr...
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[ "Introduction" ]
[ "1774 births", "1820s missing person cases", "1826 murders in the United States", "18th-century American people", "19th-century American people", "Anti-Masonry", "Date of death unknown", "Freemasonry-related controversies", "Missing person cases in New York (state)", "People from Batavia, New York...
projected-00310352-001
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Morgan%20%28anti-Mason%29
William Morgan (anti-Mason)
Early life and education
William Morgan (born 1774 – disappeared 1826) was a resident of Batavia, New York, whose disappearance and presumed murder in 1826 ignited a powerful movement against the Freemasons, a fraternal society that had become influential in the United States. After Morgan announced his intention to publish a book exposing Fr...
Morgan was born in Culpeper, Virginia, in 1774. His birth date is sometimes given as August 7, but no definite source for this is cited. He worked as a bricklayer and stone cutter and later used his savings to open a store in Richmond.
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[ "Early life and education" ]
[ "1774 births", "1820s missing person cases", "1826 murders in the United States", "18th-century American people", "19th-century American people", "Anti-Masonry", "Date of death unknown", "Freemasonry-related controversies", "Missing person cases in New York (state)", "People from Batavia, New York...
projected-00310352-002
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Morgan%20%28anti-Mason%29
William Morgan (anti-Mason)
Military service
William Morgan (born 1774 – disappeared 1826) was a resident of Batavia, New York, whose disappearance and presumed murder in 1826 ignited a powerful movement against the Freemasons, a fraternal society that had become influential in the United States. After Morgan announced his intention to publish a book exposing Fr...
Morgan told friends and acquaintances that he had served with distinction as a captain during the War of 1812, and his associates in upstate New York appear to have accepted this claim. Several men named William Morgan appear in the Virginia militia rolls for this period, but none held the rank of captain, and whether...
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[ "Military service" ]
[ "1774 births", "1820s missing person cases", "1826 murders in the United States", "18th-century American people", "19th-century American people", "Anti-Masonry", "Date of death unknown", "Freemasonry-related controversies", "Missing person cases in New York (state)", "People from Batavia, New York...
projected-00310352-003
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Morgan%20%28anti-Mason%29
William Morgan (anti-Mason)
Marriage and family
William Morgan (born 1774 – disappeared 1826) was a resident of Batavia, New York, whose disappearance and presumed murder in 1826 ignited a powerful movement against the Freemasons, a fraternal society that had become influential in the United States. After Morgan announced his intention to publish a book exposing Fr...
In October 1819, when he was in his mid-40s, Morgan married 19-year-old Lucinda Pendleton in Richmond, Virginia. They had two children: Lucinda Wesley Morgan and Thomas Jefferson Morgan. Two years after his marriage, Morgan moved his family to York, Upper Canada, where he operated a brewery. When his business was dest...
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[ "Marriage and family" ]
[ "1774 births", "1820s missing person cases", "1826 murders in the United States", "18th-century American people", "19th-century American people", "Anti-Masonry", "Date of death unknown", "Freemasonry-related controversies", "Missing person cases in New York (state)", "People from Batavia, New York...
projected-00310352-004
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Morgan%20%28anti-Mason%29
William Morgan (anti-Mason)
Book on Freemasonry
William Morgan (born 1774 – disappeared 1826) was a resident of Batavia, New York, whose disappearance and presumed murder in 1826 ignited a powerful movement against the Freemasons, a fraternal society that had become influential in the United States. After Morgan announced his intention to publish a book exposing Fr...
Morgan claimed to have been made a Master Mason while he was living in Canada, and he appears to have briefly attended a lodge in Rochester. In 1825, Morgan received the Royal Arch degree at Le Roy's Western Star Chapter Number 33, having declared under oath that he had previously received the six degrees that preceded...
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[ "Book on Freemasonry" ]
[ "1774 births", "1820s missing person cases", "1826 murders in the United States", "18th-century American people", "19th-century American people", "Anti-Masonry", "Date of death unknown", "Freemasonry-related controversies", "Missing person cases in New York (state)", "People from Batavia, New York...
projected-00310352-005
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Morgan%20%28anti-Mason%29
William Morgan (anti-Mason)
Disappearance
William Morgan (born 1774 – disappeared 1826) was a resident of Batavia, New York, whose disappearance and presumed murder in 1826 ignited a powerful movement against the Freemasons, a fraternal society that had become influential in the United States. After Morgan announced his intention to publish a book exposing Fr...
Since Masons place their hands on a Bible and promise not to reveal the passwords and grips of the degrees, several members of the Batavia lodge published an advertisement denouncing Morgan for breaking his word by authoring the book. An attempt was also made to set fire to Miller's newspaper office and print shop. On ...
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[ "Disappearance" ]
[ "1774 births", "1820s missing person cases", "1826 murders in the United States", "18th-century American people", "19th-century American people", "Anti-Masonry", "Date of death unknown", "Freemasonry-related controversies", "Missing person cases in New York (state)", "People from Batavia, New York...
projected-00310352-006
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Morgan%20%28anti-Mason%29
William Morgan (anti-Mason)
Aftermath: the anti-Masonic movement
William Morgan (born 1774 – disappeared 1826) was a resident of Batavia, New York, whose disappearance and presumed murder in 1826 ignited a powerful movement against the Freemasons, a fraternal society that had become influential in the United States. After Morgan announced his intention to publish a book exposing Fr...
Soon after Morgan disappeared, Miller published Morgan's book, which became a bestseller because of the notoriety of the events surrounding his disappearance. Miller did not say that Morgan had been murdered but that he had been "carried away". Accounts circulated of Morgan having assumed a new identity and settled i...
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[ "Aftermath: the anti-Masonic movement" ]
[ "1774 births", "1820s missing person cases", "1826 murders in the United States", "18th-century American people", "19th-century American people", "Anti-Masonry", "Date of death unknown", "Freemasonry-related controversies", "Missing person cases in New York (state)", "People from Batavia, New York...
projected-00310352-007
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Morgan%20%28anti-Mason%29
William Morgan (anti-Mason)
Monument to Morgan
William Morgan (born 1774 – disappeared 1826) was a resident of Batavia, New York, whose disappearance and presumed murder in 1826 ignited a powerful movement against the Freemasons, a fraternal society that had become influential in the United States. After Morgan announced his intention to publish a book exposing Fr...
On September 13, 1882, the National Christian Association, a group opposed to secret societies, commissioned and erected a statue in memoriam to Morgan in the Batavia Cemetery, in Batavia, New York, where Timothy Monroe's body had been buried. The ceremony was witnessed by 1,000 people, including representatives from ...
[ "WIlliam Morgan Pillar Apr 11.JPG" ]
[ "Monument to Morgan" ]
[ "1774 births", "1820s missing person cases", "1826 murders in the United States", "18th-century American people", "19th-century American people", "Anti-Masonry", "Date of death unknown", "Freemasonry-related controversies", "Missing person cases in New York (state)", "People from Batavia, New York...
projected-00310352-008
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Morgan%20%28anti-Mason%29
William Morgan (anti-Mason)
Representation in other media
William Morgan (born 1774 – disappeared 1826) was a resident of Batavia, New York, whose disappearance and presumed murder in 1826 ignited a powerful movement against the Freemasons, a fraternal society that had become influential in the United States. After Morgan announced his intention to publish a book exposing Fr...
The pharmacist John Uri Lloyd based part of the background story of his popular scientific allegorical novel Etidorhpa (1895) on the kidnapping of William Morgan and the start of the Anti-Masonry movement. In his novel The Craft: Freemasons, Secret Agents, and William Morgan (2010), the author Thomas Talbot presents a...
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[ "Representation in other media" ]
[ "1774 births", "1820s missing person cases", "1826 murders in the United States", "18th-century American people", "19th-century American people", "Anti-Masonry", "Date of death unknown", "Freemasonry-related controversies", "Missing person cases in New York (state)", "People from Batavia, New York...
projected-00310352-010
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Morgan%20%28anti-Mason%29
William Morgan (anti-Mason)
See also
William Morgan (born 1774 – disappeared 1826) was a resident of Batavia, New York, whose disappearance and presumed murder in 1826 ignited a powerful movement against the Freemasons, a fraternal society that had become influential in the United States. After Morgan announced his intention to publish a book exposing Fr...
Anti-Masonry Faked death List of people who disappeared
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[ "See also" ]
[ "1774 births", "1820s missing person cases", "1826 murders in the United States", "18th-century American people", "19th-century American people", "Anti-Masonry", "Date of death unknown", "Freemasonry-related controversies", "Missing person cases in New York (state)", "People from Batavia, New York...
projected-00310353-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Morgan
William Morgan
Introduction
William Morgan may refer to:
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[ "Introduction" ]
[]
projected-00310353-001
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Morgan
William Morgan
Arts and entertainment
William Morgan may refer to:
William De Morgan (1839–1917), pottery and tile designer in Britain William Morgan (director) (1899–1964), English film director and editor William Michael Morgan (born 1993), American country music singer William Evan Charles Morgan, artist, etcher and engraver
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[ "Arts and entertainment" ]
[]
projected-00310353-002
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Morgan
William Morgan
Military
William Morgan may refer to:
William H. Morgan (1831–?), American general William Duthie Morgan (1891–1977), general in the British Army after whom the Morgan Line was named William J. Morgan (historian) (1917–2003), Senior Historian at the U.S. Naval Historical Center and editor of Naval Documents of the American Revolution William Alexander M...
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[ "Military" ]
[]
projected-00310353-004
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Morgan
William Morgan
United Kingdom
William Morgan may refer to:
William Morgan (died 1602), MP for Haslemere William Morgan (died 1569), MP for Monmouthshire William Morgan (died 1582), MP for Monmouthshire William Morgan (died 1583) (1542–1583), MP for Monmouth Boroughs William Morgan (of Tredegar) (1560–1653), Welsh politician William Morgan (of Rhymny), Welsh politician Wi...
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[ "Politics", "United Kingdom" ]
[]