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projected-06899844-025 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History%20of%20Dundee | History of Dundee | Innovation | Dundee () is the fourth-largest city in Scotland with a population of around 150,000 people. It is situated on the north bank of the Firth of Tay on the east coast of the Central Lowlands of Scotland. The Dundee area has been settled since the Mesolithic with evidence of Pictish habitation beginning in the Iron Age. During the Medieval Era the city became a prominent trading port and was the site of many battles. Throughout the Industrial Revolution, the local jute industry caused the city to grow rapidly. In this period, Dundee also gained prominence due to its marmalade industry and its journalism, giving Dundee its epithet as the city of "jute, jam and journalism". | James Bowman Lindsay demonstrated his invention of a prototype electric light bulb at a public meeting in 1835.
The adhesive postage stamp was invented in Dundee by James Chalmers. His tombstone in the city's Howff burial ground reads: "Originator of the adhesive postage stamp which saved the Uniform Penny Post scheme of 1840 from collapse rendering it an unqualified success and which has since been adopted throughout the postal systems of the world." | [] | [
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projected-06899844-026 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History%20of%20Dundee | History of Dundee | Archives | Dundee () is the fourth-largest city in Scotland with a population of around 150,000 people. It is situated on the north bank of the Firth of Tay on the east coast of the Central Lowlands of Scotland. The Dundee area has been settled since the Mesolithic with evidence of Pictish habitation beginning in the Iron Age. During the Medieval Era the city became a prominent trading port and was the site of many battles. Throughout the Industrial Revolution, the local jute industry caused the city to grow rapidly. In this period, Dundee also gained prominence due to its marmalade industry and its journalism, giving Dundee its epithet as the city of "jute, jam and journalism". | Many of Dundee's historical records are kept by two local archives, Dundee City Archives, operated by Dundee City Council, and the University of Dundee's Archive Services. Dundee City Archives holds the official records of the burgh along with those of the former Tayside Region. The archive also holds the records of various people groups and organizations connected to Dundee. The university's Archive Services hold a wide range of material relating to the university and its predecessor institutions and to individuals associated with the university such as D'Arcy Wentworth Thompson. Archive Services is also home to the archives of several individuals, businesses and organizations based in Dundee and the surrounding area. The records held at the university include a substantial number of business archives relating to the jute and linen industry in Dundee, records of other businesses including the archives of the Alliance Trust and the department store G. L. Wilson, the records of the Brechin Diocese of the Scottish Episcopal Church and the NHS Tayside Archive. | [] | [
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projected-06899844-027 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History%20of%20Dundee | History of Dundee | See also | Dundee () is the fourth-largest city in Scotland with a population of around 150,000 people. It is situated on the north bank of the Firth of Tay on the east coast of the Central Lowlands of Scotland. The Dundee area has been settled since the Mesolithic with evidence of Pictish habitation beginning in the Iron Age. During the Medieval Era the city became a prominent trading port and was the site of many battles. Throughout the Industrial Revolution, the local jute industry caused the city to grow rapidly. In this period, Dundee also gained prominence due to its marmalade industry and its journalism, giving Dundee its epithet as the city of "jute, jam and journalism". | Timeline of Dundee history
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projected-06899844-030 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History%20of%20Dundee | History of Dundee | Further reading | Dundee () is the fourth-largest city in Scotland with a population of around 150,000 people. It is situated on the north bank of the Firth of Tay on the east coast of the Central Lowlands of Scotland. The Dundee area has been settled since the Mesolithic with evidence of Pictish habitation beginning in the Iron Age. During the Medieval Era the city became a prominent trading port and was the site of many battles. Throughout the Industrial Revolution, the local jute industry caused the city to grow rapidly. In this period, Dundee also gained prominence due to its marmalade industry and its journalism, giving Dundee its epithet as the city of "jute, jam and journalism". | *
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projected-20463917-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jorge%20Gonz%C3%A1lez%20Camarena | Jorge González Camarena | Introduction | Jorge González Camarena (24 March 1908 – 24 May 1980) was a Mexican painter, muralist and sculptor. He is best known for his mural work, as part of the Mexican muralism movement, although his work is distinct from the main names associated with it (Rivera, Orozco and Siqueiros). His major works include the mural on the main administration building of the Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Studies and a mural created for the Universidad de Concepción in Chile. He also created easel works, one of which, La Patria, was well known in Mexico as it was used on the cover of free textbooks from the 1960s into the 1970s. Recognitions for his work include the Premio Nacional de Arte, membership in the Academia de Artes and the Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana, grade Commendatore from the Italian government. | [] | [
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projected-20463917-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jorge%20Gonz%C3%A1lez%20Camarena | Jorge González Camarena | Life | Jorge González Camarena (24 March 1908 – 24 May 1980) was a Mexican painter, muralist and sculptor. He is best known for his mural work, as part of the Mexican muralism movement, although his work is distinct from the main names associated with it (Rivera, Orozco and Siqueiros). His major works include the mural on the main administration building of the Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Studies and a mural created for the Universidad de Concepción in Chile. He also created easel works, one of which, La Patria, was well known in Mexico as it was used on the cover of free textbooks from the 1960s into the 1970s. Recognitions for his work include the Premio Nacional de Arte, membership in the Academia de Artes and the Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana, grade Commendatore from the Italian government. | González Camarena was born in Guadalajara to Arturo González and Sara Camarena, both of whom were originally from Arandas. His was an artistic and cultural family as his father was a photographer. He had seven siblings, and his brother Guillermo invented the color television set. From childhood, Jorge showed interest in art. When he visited his aunt Esther, he spent long hours watching her paint while the other children ran in the garden. This inspired him to not only draw, but to also create works in pumice stone, pebbles and clay. He also created his own comic strip called Los Chiquinitos, which he sold to classmates.
In 1919, he moved to Mexico City with his family, where he began drawing lessons with a painter named Francisco Zeteno. Seeing González Camarena's talent, the teacher suggested enrolling him in the Academy of San Carlos. González Camarena entered the school at age fifteen, just after his father died and his family was taken in by his grandparents.
He studied at the Academy intermittently from 1922 to 1930. He was interested in both traditional academic painting and newer trends that were forming. At this time, there was an anti-academic feeling among many younger painters. One result was the establishment of alternate schools called “open air schools” that focused on spontaneity, light and everyday topics and González studied at one of these schools as well. Another effect was the establishment of a student movement at the Academy of San Carlos to modernize its teaching and to bring Diego Rivera to teach at the institution. During his school years, his principle teachers included Mateo Herrera and Francisco Díaz de León, working in various media such as fresco, oil on fabric, vinylite, ship paint, tempera, mosaics and ceramics.
González Camarena began his career before leaving school, working with Dr. Atl. In 1930, Dr. Atl gave him his own studio on top of the former monastery of San Juan de Letrán. Here he not only painted but also researched music and led discussions on the arts.
In 1934, he married Jeannie Barré de Saint-Leu with whom he had four children. His new familial responsibilities pushed him to find more work, leading to contacts that began his career as a muralist. His family life affected his painting with his children and even his dog appearing in his artwork.
During González Camarena's career he was also involved in a number of social causes. During his stay in Veracruz to paint a mural, he became involved in an effort in 1953 to save and restore the then crumbling San Juan de Ulúa fort, which was set to be destroyed to build new warehouses and a dock. In 1966 he became a formal member of the Seminario de Cultura Mexicana. In 1979, he participated in the IX Congress of the Association of Artists of UNESCO in Stuttgart, Germany.
González Camarena died in 1980 of a brain hemorrhage. His funeral was at the Palacio de Bellas Artes as a national homage and buried at the family crypt in the Panteón de Dolores. The government has suggested that the body be moved to the Rotunda de Personas Ilustres, but the family has refused. There was a dispute for the remaining paintings in the artist's possession at the time of his death. His will stated they should be distribute among family members but this was challenged on court by critic Antonio Luna Arroyo, who even involved UNAM over the disposition of twenty two paintings. | [] | [
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projected-20463917-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jorge%20Gonz%C3%A1lez%20Camarena | Jorge González Camarena | Career | Jorge González Camarena (24 March 1908 – 24 May 1980) was a Mexican painter, muralist and sculptor. He is best known for his mural work, as part of the Mexican muralism movement, although his work is distinct from the main names associated with it (Rivera, Orozco and Siqueiros). His major works include the mural on the main administration building of the Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Studies and a mural created for the Universidad de Concepción in Chile. He also created easel works, one of which, La Patria, was well known in Mexico as it was used on the cover of free textbooks from the 1960s into the 1970s. Recognitions for his work include the Premio Nacional de Arte, membership in the Academia de Artes and the Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana, grade Commendatore from the Italian government. | González Camarena began his career working as an assistant to Dr. Atl, coloring the images of church in the book Las iglesias de México. Dr. Atl became one of González Camarena's mentors until his death.
After he finished with school, González Camarena first became noted for his work in publicity. In 1929, at age 21, he worked writing and drawing for publications such as Revista de Revistas and Nuestro México. He also worked into the 1930s creating images for calendar for the Editorial Casa Galas, along with calendars for Cemento Cruz Azul.
In 1933, painter Jorge Enciso, then director of the Dirección de Monumentos Coloniales, commissioned him to restore the 16th-century frescos on the walls of the former monastery of Huejotzingo, Puebla. The project took two years and the project made him sensitive to the area's indigenous people and Mesoamerican art. He used some of the money he earned from the project to research indigenous painters, especially Marcos Cipactli, identifying him not only as one of the contributors to the original Huejotzingo work but also as the painter of the original image of the Virgin of Guadalupe. The latter assertion caused him some controversy. He also did a study on the presence of demon and devil images in Mexican art and folklore.
González Camarena began creating mural works in 1939, with twenty six of the works still remaining. The first was created in the town of Zimapan, Hidalgo at the Hotel Fundación called Alegoría de Zimapán. At the time, the town was a crossroads for traffic between Tamaulipas and Nuevo León, but a new highway changed that later. The hotel was abandoned but the mural remains in good condition.
His second mural was a pair of oil an wax panels on stone for the Guardiola Building in 1941 called La vida, la mujer y el hombre (Live, woman and man), commissioned by friend and colleague Carlos Obregón Santacilia. The work was controversial because the images of the man and woman were nudes, considered immoral by the bankers that sponsored the work. As a response, González Camarena founded the first Mexican Nudist Society to promote the use of nudes in artwork. The work remained on the building until 1957, when the earthquake of that year caused damage to the piece, and instead of being rescued, it was demolished. In response, muralists from Mexico and other countries founded the Commission of Mural Painting of INBA to protect murals and other art under censorship threat. INBA also proposed that González Camarena replace the work with a mural at the Palacio de Bellas Artes. This resulted in a mural called Liberación de la humanidad, finished in 1963.
Other of González Camarena's early murals include Águila en Vuelo for the Banco de México building in Veracruz and the La Purísma Church.
In 1950 and 1951 he created murals and sculptures for the Instituto Mexicano de Seguro Social building on Paseo de la Reforma in Mexico City. The mural is done in vinylite, and is accompanied by two groups of sculptures called El Trabajo and Maternidad. He worked on this project with architect Obregón Santacila, with whom he also founded a movement called Artistic Integration, with the aim of strengthening ties between builders and artists on architectural projects.
In 1954, the founder of the Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Studies, Eugenio Garza Sada, commissioned González Camarena to create a mural for what is now the main administration building for the university system. The project consisted of applying Italian mosaic on a relief. This project had him spent much time in Monterrey, and become involved in the artist community there, leading to the creation of the Arte, A.C. cultural group. This mural remains today as a symbol of the institution, even reproduced on class rings.
In 1959 Emilio Azcárraga Vidaurreta commissioned him to decorate the facade of Televicentro, today Televisa, resulting in a 900m² mural called Frisos de la television. This outside wall was later damaged, requiring the building to be remodeled.
In 1965, he was commissioned by the Mexican government to create a mural for the city of Concepción, Chile, even though the project was threatened by a boycott by artists affiliated with the Generación de la Ruptura. The resulting mural was a gift to the people of that region in southern Chile who had suffered a major earthquake in 1960. The resulting work was 300m² on a wall of the Casa de la Cultura José Clemente Orozco at the Universidad de Concepción. For the university's 75th anniversary, the image was reproduced on a Chilean stamp and in 1996, it was named the most beautiful mural in the world at an event in Vienna . The work was damaged during another earthquake, this time in 2010, but restored in 2012 in a joint Mexican-Chilean effort.
Other notable murals during González Camarena's career include La erupción de Xitle (an oil/wax work) at the Cuicuilco site. Monumento a la Independencia in Dolores Hidalgo, Belisario Dominguez at the Mexican Senate and Las Razas at the Museo Nacional de Antropología e Historia, which was used on a Mexican stamp in 1992 to commemorate the 500th anniversary of Columbus's arrival to the Americas. His last mural was created in 1978, two years before his death and called Trilogía de Saltillo, in the municipal building of Saltillo, Coahuila.
While best known for his mural work, González Camarena also produced over 2,000 easel work and some sculpture. His best known work of this type is La Patria, an image of a woman with national symbols to represent the country of Mexico. It is well known because from the 1960s into the 1970s, this image was used on the cover of free textbooks produced by the Secretaría de Educación Pública. These include over 350 titles totaling over 523 million copies. The image has reappeared sporadically on books produced by the government entity since. At the end of the 1970s, the Mexican government commissioned him to create a painting for the Bulgarian people of Saint George. He was invited to Bulgaria to unveil the painting. In appreciation, the Bulgarian government sponsored a European tour of Gonzalez Camarena's work which ended up in the Museo de Arte Moderno in New York. Most of his easel work is in the hands of private collectors in both Mexico and abroad. These include the Museo Soumaya, the collection of the Carso Foundation, the collection of José López Portillo and the estate of Henry Ford. Some are in the Museo de Arte Moderno. Very little of the artist's work are in the family as the rest were sold.
By the 1940s, González Camarena's work began to draw serious attention from art critics and win awards. In 1966 the Palacio de Bellas Artes organized and anthological exhibition in his honor. In 1967, he received the Order of Merit, grade Commendatore from the Italian government for a portrait of Michelangelo he created for the Italian artist's house in Caprese. He received the Premio Nacional de Artes in 1970 and in 1972 was accepted as a member of the Academia de Artes. He was also a member of the Asociación Mexicana de Artes Plásticas and the Salón de la Plástica Mexicana. For the 2008 100th anniversary of his birth, institutions such as the Museo Soumaya, the Instituto Politécnical Nacional, the Mexican Senate and the Instituto Mexicano de Seguro Social held exhibitions and homage to his work and life. | [
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projected-20463917-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jorge%20Gonz%C3%A1lez%20Camarena | Jorge González Camarena | Artistry | Jorge González Camarena (24 March 1908 – 24 May 1980) was a Mexican painter, muralist and sculptor. He is best known for his mural work, as part of the Mexican muralism movement, although his work is distinct from the main names associated with it (Rivera, Orozco and Siqueiros). His major works include the mural on the main administration building of the Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Studies and a mural created for the Universidad de Concepción in Chile. He also created easel works, one of which, La Patria, was well known in Mexico as it was used on the cover of free textbooks from the 1960s into the 1970s. Recognitions for his work include the Premio Nacional de Arte, membership in the Academia de Artes and the Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana, grade Commendatore from the Italian government. | González Camarena was a major figure in the Mexican muralism movement. His work was distinguished early through his use of clear lines and texture. He worked with various styles, textures and techniques, ranging from Surrealism to Cubism to Magical Realism, and most of his paintings contains social and mystical motifs. As a painter, he is best known for his depictions of people, especially portraits of women. In the last year of his life, he painted a work called Las razas. This work contains images of four women, Asian, African, European and Native American.
In the med 1930s, he developed his own personal method of composition which he called “cuadratismo” or “harmonic geometry.” It was developed from this work with the Huejotzingo restoration project, drawing from Mesoamerican and early colonial mural painting. From then on, it was the main guide for the compositions of his work. Mauricio Gómez Mayorga stated that “His faith in geometry and form, that is, in space and matter, make him a constructor, a builder of plane and mass.”
Although part of the Mexican muralist movement, his work is distinct from the three main names associated with it (Rivera, Orozco and Siqueiros). His pre-1949 work was different from that of others in the Mexican muralism movement as they did not deal with topics related to the Mexican Revolution the rescue of Mexico's past or the struggle for social equality. Although Diego Rivera called him “the most Mexican of all,” José Clemente Orozco did not like his preference for archeology and Mexico's past, feeling that Gonzalez Camarena squandered his talent by not expressing what he felt.
However, González Camarena began to conform to more of the movement's social and political themes starting in 1949, when he painted the work La vida y la industria for the Cervecería Modelo brewery in Mexico City. Here did incorporate elements common to Mexican muralism by representing the preparation of beer in a Mesoamerican scene. In the interpretation of Mexican history, Gonzalez Camarena believed that neither the country's indigenous or Spanish cultural background should be denigrated in favor of the other. He also believed that the Mexican Revolution should be honored by working towards social justice. In the work Cristo en la Cruz, the face of Christ has indigenous characteristics. He gave his depictions of Mesoamerican deities mythological qualities similar to the treatment of ancient Greek gods. The Monterrey Institute mural represents the triumph of civilization and culture over the forces of stagnation, apathy and darkness, with the first represented by Quetzalcoatl and the latter by Tezcatlipoca.
He also created portraits and self-portraits. Notable examples of these include those of his sister Susana, Francisco Díaz de León, Rosa Luz Alegría and Guillermo Soberón. In his self-portraits, his eyeglasses generally dominate the composition. | [] | [
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projected-20463917-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jorge%20Gonz%C3%A1lez%20Camarena | Jorge González Camarena | Works | Jorge González Camarena (24 March 1908 – 24 May 1980) was a Mexican painter, muralist and sculptor. He is best known for his mural work, as part of the Mexican muralism movement, although his work is distinct from the main names associated with it (Rivera, Orozco and Siqueiros). His major works include the mural on the main administration building of the Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Studies and a mural created for the Universidad de Concepción in Chile. He also created easel works, one of which, La Patria, was well known in Mexico as it was used on the cover of free textbooks from the 1960s into the 1970s. Recognitions for his work include the Premio Nacional de Arte, membership in the Academia de Artes and the Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana, grade Commendatore from the Italian government. | La Vendimia Nacional (1946)
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projected-20463917-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jorge%20Gonz%C3%A1lez%20Camarena | Jorge González Camarena | References | Jorge González Camarena (24 March 1908 – 24 May 1980) was a Mexican painter, muralist and sculptor. He is best known for his mural work, as part of the Mexican muralism movement, although his work is distinct from the main names associated with it (Rivera, Orozco and Siqueiros). His major works include the mural on the main administration building of the Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Studies and a mural created for the Universidad de Concepción in Chile. He also created easel works, one of which, La Patria, was well known in Mexico as it was used on the cover of free textbooks from the 1960s into the 1970s. Recognitions for his work include the Premio Nacional de Arte, membership in the Academia de Artes and the Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana, grade Commendatore from the Italian government. | Category:1908 births
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projected-23571626-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RealNetworks | RealNetworks | Introduction | RealNetworks, Inc. is a provider of artificial intelligence and computer vision based products. RealNetworks was a pioneer in Internet streaming software and services. They are based in Seattle, Washington, United States. The company also provides subscription-based online entertainment services and mobile entertainment and messaging services. | [] | [
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projected-23571626-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RealNetworks | RealNetworks | History | RealNetworks, Inc. is a provider of artificial intelligence and computer vision based products. RealNetworks was a pioneer in Internet streaming software and services. They are based in Seattle, Washington, United States. The company also provides subscription-based online entertainment services and mobile entertainment and messaging services. | RealNetworks (then known as Progressive Networks) was founded in 1994 by Rob Glaser, an ex-Microsoft executive, and a management team including Phil Barrett, Andy Sharpless, and Stephen Buerkle. The original goal of the company was to provide a distribution channel for politically progressive content. It evolved into a technology venture to leverage the Internet as an alternative distribution medium for audio broadcasts. Progressive Networks became RealNetworks in September 1997, in advance of the company's initial public offering (IPO) in October 1997 when shares of the company started trading on Nasdaq as "RNWK".
RealNetworks were pioneers in the streaming media markets and broadcast one of the earlier audio events over the Internet, a baseball game between the New York Yankees and Seattle Mariners on September 5, 1995. They announced streaming video technology in 1997. According to some accounts, by 2000 more than 85% of streaming content on the Internet was in the Real format.
Despite this success, problems arose because RealNetworks's primary business model depended upon the sale of streaming media server software, and Microsoft and Apple were giving those products away. As servers from Microsoft and Apple became more capable, Real's server sales inevitably eroded.
In RealNetworks, Inc. v. Streambox, Inc. in January 2000, RealNetworks filed an injunction against Streambox, Inc. regarding the that company's product designed to convert Real Audio (.rm) formatted files to other formats. On December 4, 2001, the company was to launch the first coordinated effort to sell and deliver music from major record labels over the Internet, part of a broader initiative by the company to develop subscription Internet services aimed at Web users with fast Internet connections. In 2002, a strategic alliance was formed between RealNetworks and Sony Corporation to expand collaboration.
In October 2005, Microsoft agreed to pay RealNetworks $460 million to settle an antitrust lawsuit.
In August 2003, RealNetworks acquired Listen.com's Rhapsody music service, and renamed it RealRhapsody. It offered streaming music downloads for a monthly fee. In January 2004, RealNetworks announced the RealPlayer Music Store, featuring digital rights management (DRM) restricted music in the AAC file format. After some initial tries to push their own DRM scheme (named Helix DRM) onto all device manufacturers with the Creative Zen Xtra and the Sansa e200r as the only existing compliant devices, they sparked controversy by introducing a technology called Harmony that allowed their music to play on iPods as well as Microsoft Windows Media Audio DRM-equipped devices using a "wrapper" that would convert Helix DRM into the two other target DRM schemes.
The domain real.com attracted at least 67 million visitors annually by 2008, according to a Compete.com study.
On April 6, 2010, Rhapsody was spun off from RealNetworks.
In July 2013, RealNetworks acquired Slingo for $15.6 million. The company introduced a mobile phone app called Listen in April 2014 that plays custom ringtones to those calling the user's phone.
Notable RealNetworks employees have included Alex Alben; the first Chief Privacy Officer of Washington State; Tony Fadell, the inventor of the iPod; musician Daniel House; and Philip Rosedale, the founder of Linden Lab. | [] | [
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projected-23571626-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RealNetworks | RealNetworks | Headquarters | RealNetworks, Inc. is a provider of artificial intelligence and computer vision based products. RealNetworks was a pioneer in Internet streaming software and services. They are based in Seattle, Washington, United States. The company also provides subscription-based online entertainment services and mobile entertainment and messaging services. | RealNetworks has its headquarters in Seattle, Washington, in the Home Plate Center building in SoDo across from T-Mobile Park, sharing the building with local television station KING-TV and Logic 20/20 Consulting. | [] | [
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projected-23571626-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RealNetworks | RealNetworks | SAFR | RealNetworks, Inc. is a provider of artificial intelligence and computer vision based products. RealNetworks was a pioneer in Internet streaming software and services. They are based in Seattle, Washington, United States. The company also provides subscription-based online entertainment services and mobile entertainment and messaging services. | Launched by RealNetworks on July 17, 2018, SAFR – Secure Accurate Facial Recognition, is a machine learning facial recognition platform. The SAFR platform was updated in 2020 with COVID-19 response features, including the ability to detect whether a person is wearing a mask and identify people wearing masks with 98.85 percent accuracy. On April 27, 2021, SAFR received a grant from the US Air Force to develop its AI-powered analytics for rescue missions, perimeter protection and domestic search operations. | [
"SAFR Picture1.png"
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"Mass media companies established in 1994",
"Software companies established in 1994",
"American companies established in 1994",
"199... |
projected-23571626-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RealNetworks | RealNetworks | Kontxt | RealNetworks, Inc. is a provider of artificial intelligence and computer vision based products. RealNetworks was a pioneer in Internet streaming software and services. They are based in Seattle, Washington, United States. The company also provides subscription-based online entertainment services and mobile entertainment and messaging services. | In 2017, RealNetworks launched Kontxt, a product that offers management of text messaging in mobile networks. It identifies the content of the message and sorts it into categories to determine which ones are more important, and prioritize message delivery. In March 2021, RealNetworks unveiled KONTXT for Voice to identify and stop scam robocalls. | [] | [
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"Software companies based in Seattle",
"Mass media companies established in 1994",
"Software companies established in 1994",
"American companies established in 1994",
"199... |
projected-23571626-006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RealNetworks | RealNetworks | RealTimes (formerly RealPlayer Cloud) | RealNetworks, Inc. is a provider of artificial intelligence and computer vision based products. RealNetworks was a pioneer in Internet streaming software and services. They are based in Seattle, Washington, United States. The company also provides subscription-based online entertainment services and mobile entertainment and messaging services. | RealNetworks on September 24, 2013 launched RealPlayer Cloud, a service that adds the ability to share videos recorded on smartphones and tablets. RealPlayer Cloud ties into the existing RealPlayer, however it also has a Web app and apps for Android, iOS and Roku. The service has 2GB of free cloud storage and more storage for a monthly fee. It was renamed to RealTimes on May 19, 2015, with a new focus on creating and sharing "Stories"—video collages of users' personal photos and videos, set to background music. | [] | [
"Products and services",
"RealTimes (formerly RealPlayer Cloud)"
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"Entertainment companies of the United States",
"Streaming software",
"Software companies based in Seattle",
"Mass media companies established in 1994",
"Software companies established in 1994",
"American companies established in 1994",
"199... |
projected-23571626-007 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RealNetworks | RealNetworks | GameHouse | RealNetworks, Inc. is a provider of artificial intelligence and computer vision based products. RealNetworks was a pioneer in Internet streaming software and services. They are based in Seattle, Washington, United States. The company also provides subscription-based online entertainment services and mobile entertainment and messaging services. | RealNetworks entered the computer game market in October 2001 with RealArcade, a PC game distribution application that allows users to play casual video games for free for 60 minutes, then decide if they want to purchase it. Many of the games were developed by GameHouse, which RealNetworks acquired for $35.6 million in 2004. In 2010, RealNetworks re-branded its games division under the name Gamehouse. It began focusing on social games, such as Facebook applets, and in 2013 acquired casual casino games company, Slingo, for $15.6 million. | [] | [
"Products and services",
"GameHouse"
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"Entertainment companies of the United States",
"Streaming software",
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"Mass media companies established in 1994",
"Software companies established in 1994",
"American companies established in 1994",
"199... |
projected-23571626-008 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RealNetworks | RealNetworks | RealDVD | RealNetworks, Inc. is a provider of artificial intelligence and computer vision based products. RealNetworks was a pioneer in Internet streaming software and services. They are based in Seattle, Washington, United States. The company also provides subscription-based online entertainment services and mobile entertainment and messaging services. | On September 30, 2008, RealNetworks launched a new product called RealDVD. The software allows any user to save a copy of a DVD movie they own. The company was later found to have violated the Digital Millennium Copyright Act and RealNetworks' contract with the DVD Copy Control Association, as the software also allowed anyone to save a movie they do not legally own. (See RealNetworks, Inc. v. DVD Copy Control Ass'n, Inc.). The product's distribution was barred by a court injunction. | [] | [
"Products and services",
"RealDVD"
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"Entertainment companies of the United States",
"Streaming software",
"Software companies based in Seattle",
"Mass media companies established in 1994",
"Software companies established in 1994",
"American companies established in 1994",
"199... |
projected-23571626-009 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RealNetworks | RealNetworks | Real Alternative | RealNetworks, Inc. is a provider of artificial intelligence and computer vision based products. RealNetworks was a pioneer in Internet streaming software and services. They are based in Seattle, Washington, United States. The company also provides subscription-based online entertainment services and mobile entertainment and messaging services. | Real Alternative is a discontinued software bundle that allows users to play RealMedia files without installing RealPlayer. The last version, 2.02, was released on February 19, 2010. It included Media Player Classic.
Beginning in 2010, RealNetworks sued Hilbrand Edskes, a 26-year-old Dutch webmaster for having inserted hyperlinks to Real Alternative on his site www.codecpack.nl. RealNetworks alleges that Real Alternative is a reverse engineered package.
In November 2011, RealNetworks' case against Edskes was dismissed and RealNetworks was ordered to pay him €48,000 in damages. Details of the case and judgement have been published. The case was reopened in 2013, when further proof showed that Edskes was after all involved in creating and uploading Real Alternative. | [] | [
"Products and services",
"Real Alternative"
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"Computer companies of the United States",
"Entertainment companies of the United States",
"Streaming software",
"Software companies based in Seattle",
"Mass media companies established in 1994",
"Software companies established in 1994",
"American companies established in 1994",
"199... |
projected-23571626-010 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RealNetworks | RealNetworks | Helix | RealNetworks, Inc. is a provider of artificial intelligence and computer vision based products. RealNetworks was a pioneer in Internet streaming software and services. They are based in Seattle, Washington, United States. The company also provides subscription-based online entertainment services and mobile entertainment and messaging services. | Helix is a suite of streaming media software and services intended for digital TV set-top boxes, mobile devices, as well as QuickTime, Flash and other programs. It includes the Helix open-source code and the Helix Universal Server, which hosts, distributes and manages digital rights for multimedia content. Helix competes with the Windows Media 9 Series from Microsoft, but has a greater emphasis on open-source. Helix was announced in July 2002. Support for mobile devices was added in November 2005. It was discontinued in October 2014. | [] | [
"Products and services",
"Helix"
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"RealNetworks",
"Computer companies of the United States",
"Entertainment companies of the United States",
"Streaming software",
"Software companies based in Seattle",
"Mass media companies established in 1994",
"Software companies established in 1994",
"American companies established in 1994",
"199... |
projected-23571626-011 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RealNetworks | RealNetworks | Subscription services | RealNetworks, Inc. is a provider of artificial intelligence and computer vision based products. RealNetworks was a pioneer in Internet streaming software and services. They are based in Seattle, Washington, United States. The company also provides subscription-based online entertainment services and mobile entertainment and messaging services. | In 2000, one of the initial products, the download manager RealDownload, was already used for pushing small software, such as games, to subscribers' computers. On top of the subscription for RealDownload and using its RealVideo streaming technology, a service called GoldPass, including unlimited access for video snippets from ABC and movie previews, was offered to registered users for a monthly $10 fee. More content was added through deals with CBS for the reality show Big Brother and NBA basketball. | [] | [
"Products and services",
"Subscription services"
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"RealNetworks",
"Computer companies of the United States",
"Entertainment companies of the United States",
"Streaming software",
"Software companies based in Seattle",
"Mass media companies established in 1994",
"Software companies established in 1994",
"American companies established in 1994",
"199... |
projected-23571626-012 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RealNetworks | RealNetworks | Other products and technologies | RealNetworks, Inc. is a provider of artificial intelligence and computer vision based products. RealNetworks was a pioneer in Internet streaming software and services. They are based in Seattle, Washington, United States. The company also provides subscription-based online entertainment services and mobile entertainment and messaging services. | RealAudio, a compressed audio format
RealDownloader, a download manager
RealPlayer, a media player
RealVideo, a compressed video format
Rinse, a digital music library cleanup tool
Unifi, a personal cloud media service
Mobile entertainment and messaging services for mobile carriers | [] | [
"Products and services",
"Other products and technologies"
] | [
"RealNetworks",
"Computer companies of the United States",
"Entertainment companies of the United States",
"Streaming software",
"Software companies based in Seattle",
"Mass media companies established in 1994",
"Software companies established in 1994",
"American companies established in 1994",
"199... |
projected-23571626-013 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RealNetworks | RealNetworks | See also | RealNetworks, Inc. is a provider of artificial intelligence and computer vision based products. RealNetworks was a pioneer in Internet streaming software and services. They are based in Seattle, Washington, United States. The company also provides subscription-based online entertainment services and mobile entertainment and messaging services. | United States v. ASCAP
Trymedia | [] | [
"See also"
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"RealNetworks",
"Computer companies of the United States",
"Entertainment companies of the United States",
"Streaming software",
"Software companies based in Seattle",
"Mass media companies established in 1994",
"Software companies established in 1994",
"American companies established in 1994",
"199... |
projected-23571628-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C8H18O2 | C8H18O2 | Introduction | {{DISPLAYTITLE:C8H18O2}}
The molecular formula C8H18O2 (molar mass: 146.22 g/mol) may refer to:
Di-tert-butyl peroxide
2-Hexoxyethanol
Etohexadiol, an ectoparasiticide
Octanediols
1,2-Octanediol
1,8-Octanediol | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [] | |
projected-23571629-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wonhyo%20Bridge | Wonhyo Bridge | Introduction | The Wonhyo Bridge crosses the Han River in South Korea and connects the districts of Yongsan-gu and Yeongdeungpo-gu. The bridge was completed in . It was the 13th to be built on the Han River. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Yeouido",
"Yongsan District",
"Bridges in Seoul",
"Bridges completed in 1981",
"Bridges over the Han River (Korea)"
] | |
projected-23571629-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wonhyo%20Bridge | Wonhyo Bridge | History | The Wonhyo Bridge crosses the Han River in South Korea and connects the districts of Yongsan-gu and Yeongdeungpo-gu. The bridge was completed in . It was the 13th to be built on the Han River. | July 1978: Construction started
October 27, 1981: Wonhyo Bridge opened
December 10, 1981: Introduction of toll fees
February 1, 1983: Dongah Construction donated Wonhyo Bridge to the Seoul Metropolitan City, and collection of toll fees discontinued | [] | [
"History"
] | [
"Yeouido",
"Yongsan District",
"Bridges in Seoul",
"Bridges completed in 1981",
"Bridges over the Han River (Korea)"
] |
projected-23571629-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wonhyo%20Bridge | Wonhyo Bridge | Toll Fees | The Wonhyo Bridge crosses the Han River in South Korea and connects the districts of Yongsan-gu and Yeongdeungpo-gu. The bridge was completed in . It was the 13th to be built on the Han River. | Toll fees were collected from December 10, 1981, but the flow of traffic was rather low, as vehicles avoided crossing the bridge due to the imposition of the toll fees. In fact, the toll fees collected were barely adequate to supply power for the street lamps, and on February 1, 1983, Dongah Construction donated the bridge to Seoul Metropolitan City. After the ownership rights were donated, the toll gates were removed. | [] | [
"Toll Fees"
] | [
"Yeouido",
"Yongsan District",
"Bridges in Seoul",
"Bridges completed in 1981",
"Bridges over the Han River (Korea)"
] |
projected-23571629-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wonhyo%20Bridge | Wonhyo Bridge | Film Appearances | The Wonhyo Bridge crosses the Han River in South Korea and connects the districts of Yongsan-gu and Yeongdeungpo-gu. The bridge was completed in . It was the 13th to be built on the Han River. | Wonhyo Bridge was selected as the set for a fighting scene included in the 2006 Korean film The Host directed by Bong Joon-ho. In the movie, Wonhyo Bridge was where the creature was hiding, and where the daughter of the main character was kidnapped. The reason for selecting this location was that it fit well with the film's concept of a sewer under a bridge, and the external appearance of Wonhyo Bridge is more dynamic than other bridges, and this added tension. | [] | [
"Film Appearances"
] | [
"Yeouido",
"Yongsan District",
"Bridges in Seoul",
"Bridges completed in 1981",
"Bridges over the Han River (Korea)"
] |
projected-23571629-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wonhyo%20Bridge | Wonhyo Bridge | References | The Wonhyo Bridge crosses the Han River in South Korea and connects the districts of Yongsan-gu and Yeongdeungpo-gu. The bridge was completed in . It was the 13th to be built on the Han River. | Category:Yeouido
Category:Yongsan District
Category:Bridges in Seoul
Category:Bridges completed in 1981
Category:Bridges over the Han River (Korea) | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"Yeouido",
"Yongsan District",
"Bridges in Seoul",
"Bridges completed in 1981",
"Bridges over the Han River (Korea)"
] |
projected-20463927-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.%20M.%20G.%20Le%20Cl%C3%A9zio%20bibliography | J. M. G. Le Clézio bibliography | Introduction | This is a list of works by J. M. G. Le Clézio, the French Nobel Laureate. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Works by J. M. G. Le Clézio",
"Bibliographies by writer",
"Bibliographies of French writers",
"Children's literature bibliographies"
] | |
projected-20463927-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.%20M.%20G.%20Le%20Cl%C3%A9zio%20bibliography | J. M. G. Le Clézio bibliography | La Fièvre | This is a list of works by J. M. G. Le Clézio, the French Nobel Laureate. | Translated by Daphne Woodward in 1966 as "The Fever" | [] | [
"Short stories",
"La Fièvre"
] | [
"Works by J. M. G. Le Clézio",
"Bibliographies by writer",
"Bibliographies of French writers",
"Children's literature bibliographies"
] |
projected-20463927-006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.%20M.%20G.%20Le%20Cl%C3%A9zio%20bibliography | J. M. G. Le Clézio bibliography | La ronde et autres faits divers | This is a list of works by J. M. G. Le Clézio, the French Nobel Laureate. | "La ronde et autres faits divers" was translated into English as "The Round & Other Cold Hard Facts" by C. Dickson. | [] | [
"Short stories",
"La ronde et autres faits divers"
] | [
"Works by J. M. G. Le Clézio",
"Bibliographies by writer",
"Bibliographies of French writers",
"Children's literature bibliographies"
] |
projected-20463927-019 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.%20M.%20G.%20Le%20Cl%C3%A9zio%20bibliography | J. M. G. Le Clézio bibliography | Relation de Michoacan | This is a list of works by J. M. G. Le Clézio, the French Nobel Laureate. | Translation of "Relación de Michoacan" from medieval Spanish into French. This codex, copied in the years 1539–1540, contains the narration of a Franciscan friar, whom the American historian Dr. Benedict Warren identified as Fray Gerónimo de Alcalá. | [] | [
"Relation de Michoacan"
] | [
"Works by J. M. G. Le Clézio",
"Bibliographies by writer",
"Bibliographies of French writers",
"Children's literature bibliographies"
] |
projected-23571635-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motorcycle%20hooliganism | Motorcycle hooliganism | Introduction | Motorcycle hooliganism includes street racing, street stunting, and games of tag on public roads, or simply cruising, often in very large numbers, against local ordinances. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Motorcycling subculture",
"Hazardous motor vehicle activities"
] | |
projected-23571635-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motorcycle%20hooliganism | Motorcycle hooliganism | Demographics | Motorcycle hooliganism includes street racing, street stunting, and games of tag on public roads, or simply cruising, often in very large numbers, against local ordinances. | Historian Jeremy Packer wrote that the newest motorcycle "gangs" are unlike the outlaw motorcycle clubs widely reported in the media since the late 1940s. They now ride sport bikes, often customized in the streetfighter style, rather than cruisers, passing through both rural and urban areas, playing "elaborate games of tag and follow the leader, continually pushing each other to ride harder." Besides being younger and favoring high-performance motorcycles, these groups are "loosely affiliated and come together mostly to ride." Traditional outlaw motorcycle clubs are known for having detailed charters and membership lists, prescribing codes of behavior, dress, type and brand of motorcycle members may ride, and vigorously enforcing procedures for admitting new members, banishing members who break club rules, and protecting the club's territory and name from anyone falsely pretending to be a member.
Packer wrote in 2008 that media attention, such as the popular A&E television documentary The Wild Ride of the Outlaw Bikers (1999) and the Guggenheim show The Art of the Motorcycle, erroneously only covered the baby boomer Harley-Davidson rider culture, failing to note a shift in demographics, bikes, and behavior. Packer said this promotes the Harley-Davidson brand and promotes "a type of motorcycle affiliation that is palatable, family friendly, and marketable" as part of a narrative that outlaw bikers, "though once a dangerous element, are now a useful and even valuable part of society." The StarPhoenix of Saskatoon wrote that the new marketing push to "transform motorcycling into an acceptable, mainstream pastime" has led to young riders rebelling.
In Los Angeles and New York City, some affluent urban motorcycle owners are self-described hooligans, or display motorcycles described as "hooligan chic" and an "object of fetish consumerism." | [] | [
"Demographics"
] | [
"Motorcycling subculture",
"Hazardous motor vehicle activities"
] |
projected-23571635-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motorcycle%20hooliganism | Motorcycle hooliganism | Behaviors | Motorcycle hooliganism includes street racing, street stunting, and games of tag on public roads, or simply cruising, often in very large numbers, against local ordinances. | Hooligans engage in many types of unlawful behavior. | [] | [
"Behaviors"
] | [
"Motorcycling subculture",
"Hazardous motor vehicle activities"
] |
projected-23571635-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motorcycle%20hooliganism | Motorcycle hooliganism | Vandalism, theft and petty crime | Motorcycle hooliganism includes street racing, street stunting, and games of tag on public roads, or simply cruising, often in very large numbers, against local ordinances. | In South and Southeast Asia, thieves use motorcycles in the act of purse snatching. | [
"Motorcycle hooligan donuts on park lawn.jpg"
] | [
"Behaviors",
"Vandalism, theft and petty crime"
] | [
"Motorcycling subculture",
"Hazardous motor vehicle activities"
] |
projected-23571635-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motorcycle%20hooliganism | Motorcycle hooliganism | Racing on public roads | Motorcycle hooliganism includes street racing, street stunting, and games of tag on public roads, or simply cruising, often in very large numbers, against local ordinances. | Racing has been implicated in a number of deaths, and is targeted by law enforcement in North America, Asia and Europe. | [
"Cargo Repsol.jpg"
] | [
"Behaviors",
"Racing on public roads"
] | [
"Motorcycling subculture",
"Hazardous motor vehicle activities"
] |
projected-23571635-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motorcycle%20hooliganism | Motorcycle hooliganism | Stunting on public roads | Motorcycle hooliganism includes street racing, street stunting, and games of tag on public roads, or simply cruising, often in very large numbers, against local ordinances. | The fact that many stunters perform their stunts on public roads draws the ire of other motorcyclists and lawmakers. They intentionally draw a lot of attention to their apparently reckless behavior, and other motorcyclists, especially sportbike riders, feel that stunters give all riders a reputation for being irresponsible and dangerous to others. | [] | [
"Behaviors",
"Stunting on public roads"
] | [
"Motorcycling subculture",
"Hazardous motor vehicle activities"
] |
projected-23571635-006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motorcycle%20hooliganism | Motorcycle hooliganism | Riding nude | Motorcycle hooliganism includes street racing, street stunting, and games of tag on public roads, or simply cruising, often in very large numbers, against local ordinances. | While clothing-optional bicycling is allowed in many places, similar behavior by motorcyclists is often seen as reckless and has even led to accidents when the rider was stung by an insect.
Nude rider complaints are recorded in Coventry, England, where 21 riders proceeded naked through the town; Salt Lake City; Murfreesboro, Tennessee (claimed to be the first nude motorcycle rally); Providence, Rhode Island; and southern Sweden. | [] | [
"Behaviors",
"Riding nude"
] | [
"Motorcycling subculture",
"Hazardous motor vehicle activities"
] |
projected-23571635-007 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motorcycle%20hooliganism | Motorcycle hooliganism | Cruising | Motorcycle hooliganism includes street racing, street stunting, and games of tag on public roads, or simply cruising, often in very large numbers, against local ordinances. | In some jurisdictions, the act of cruising is unlawful.
In Malaysia, over 100,000 outlaw motorcyclists called Mat Rempit are reported to cruise and race on the streets every night. | [] | [
"Behaviors",
"Cruising"
] | [
"Motorcycling subculture",
"Hazardous motor vehicle activities"
] |
projected-23571635-008 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motorcycle%20hooliganism | Motorcycle hooliganism | Unlicensed riding | Motorcycle hooliganism includes street racing, street stunting, and games of tag on public roads, or simply cruising, often in very large numbers, against local ordinances. | Riders, including under-age youth, without a valid driver's license, have been described as "dangerous and illegal" and "hooligans."
Street stunt riders on unlicensed dirtbikes are reported to be a problem in Baltimore, Maryland. | [] | [
"Behaviors",
"Unlicensed riding"
] | [
"Motorcycling subculture",
"Hazardous motor vehicle activities"
] |
projected-23571635-009 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motorcycle%20hooliganism | Motorcycle hooliganism | Speeding | Motorcycle hooliganism includes street racing, street stunting, and games of tag on public roads, or simply cruising, often in very large numbers, against local ordinances. | Speeding is often referred to as a "hooligan" activity due to inherent risk to the public. | [] | [
"Behaviors",
"Speeding"
] | [
"Motorcycling subculture",
"Hazardous motor vehicle activities"
] |
projected-23571635-010 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motorcycle%20hooliganism | Motorcycle hooliganism | "Hooligan" motorcycles | Motorcycle hooliganism includes street racing, street stunting, and games of tag on public roads, or simply cruising, often in very large numbers, against local ordinances. | Some types of motorcycles or specific models associated with hooligan behavior are informally referred to as "hooligan" motorcycles. | [] | [
"\"Hooligan\" motorcycles"
] | [
"Motorcycling subculture",
"Hazardous motor vehicle activities"
] |
projected-23571635-011 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motorcycle%20hooliganism | Motorcycle hooliganism | Notable examples | Motorcycle hooliganism includes street racing, street stunting, and games of tag on public roads, or simply cruising, often in very large numbers, against local ordinances. | In Seattle in 2010, a Washington State Patrol highway police trooper rolled his patrol car while chasing speeding motorcyclists, who then returned to jeer and taunt him. The motorcyclists said they were engaging in a semi-organized mass ride. The event attracted much media attention.
In September 2013, public awareness of motorcycle hooliganism in America was increased when a video was uploaded to live leak showing a violent altercation between a family riding in an SUV and a group of motorcyclists in New York City. The bikers were participating in an annual unsanctioned rally called the "Hollywood Block Party". Over 1000 motorcycles, quads, and other vehicles participated in the 2012 rally a year prior, according to New York Police Commissioner Ray Kelly. The rally involved performing stunts and driving through Times Square, which has been illegal since it was pedestrianized in 2009.
The incident began when a sport utility vehicle (SUV) driven by motorist Alexian Lien was involved in light bumper contact with motorcyclist Christopher Cruz. Cruz reportedly sustained minor injuries. In the video, Cruz merges in front of Lien and slows dramatically, apparently causing the collision. Following the incident, authorities familiar with such organized rides stated that Cruz was not attempting to cause a collision, but was attempting to slow traffic in order to clear a section of roadway to perform stunts on their motorcycles.
Lien and many of the motorcyclists stopped their vehicles. The video shows many of the bikers gathering around the Range Rover driven by Lien. Police reported that the bikers were beating on the vehicle and punctured a tire. Lien accelerated to escape, reportedly driving over 3 motorcycles and a rider, named Edwin Mieses, who had dismounted and was in front of the Range Rover. Mieses was severely injured, including a fractured spine and punctured lung. The bikers then chased after the SUV for several miles before pulling Lien from the vehicle and assaulting him.
The video of the incident quickly went viral and received widespread news coverage. Other videos of packs of bikers driving recklessly and performing stunts surfaced following the heavy news coverage. One video in particular shows a group of bikers threatening the driver of a Prius. The bikers beat on the window of his car, but the driver was unharmed.
A total of 15 people were arrested, 55 motorcycles were confiscated, and 69 summonses were issued in connection with the September 29th event. Nine suspects have been charged in connection with the attack. In December 2013, Lien filed a civil suit against the city of New York for the involvement of an off-duty police detective in the attack. The suit accused the police department of failing to properly train their officers.
Legislation has since been proposed that would require permits and prior notification of such rallies. The legislation was inspired by the September 29 incident as well as the death of Marian Kurshik, 78, in December 2013 after being struck by a motorcycle traveling in a pack and performing stunts. The driver of the motorcycle was also killed in the accident. "His feet was on the seat; the front wheel pulled up. He was going very fast," said a bystander. "This not only, I think, protects pedestrians. I think it also protects the motorcyclists themselves," said state senator Andriano Espaillat. | [] | [
"Notable examples"
] | [
"Motorcycling subculture",
"Hazardous motor vehicle activities"
] |
projected-23571635-012 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motorcycle%20hooliganism | Motorcycle hooliganism | See also | Motorcycle hooliganism includes street racing, street stunting, and games of tag on public roads, or simply cruising, often in very large numbers, against local ordinances. | 12 O'Clock Boys
Mat Rempit | [] | [
"See also"
] | [
"Motorcycling subculture",
"Hazardous motor vehicle activities"
] |
projected-23571637-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ga%C3%ABtan%20Picon | Gaëtan Picon | Introduction | Gaëtan Picon (19 September 1915 – 6 August 1976) was a French author: essayist, art and literature critic, and art and literature historian. He was director of the Mercure de France and Director-General of Arts and Letters under André Malraux. He wrote an entry for the Encyclopaedia Universalis on Swiss publisher Albert Skira. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1915 births",
"1976 deaths",
"French art critics",
"French male essayists",
"People of Ligurian descent",
"20th-century French essayists",
"20th-century French male writers"
] | |
projected-23571637-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ga%C3%ABtan%20Picon | Gaëtan Picon | Selected Bibliography | Gaëtan Picon (19 September 1915 – 6 August 1976) was a French author: essayist, art and literature critic, and art and literature historian. He was director of the Mercure de France and Director-General of Arts and Letters under André Malraux. He wrote an entry for the Encyclopaedia Universalis on Swiss publisher Albert Skira. | Balzac: Balzac par lui-même. (1956). Microcosme ecrivains de toujou. Editions du Seui, Paris. 191 pp.
Ingres: Biographical and Critical Study (1967) The Taste of Our Time, Vol. 47. Editions d'Art Albert Skira, Geneva 131 pp.
The Work of Jean Dubuffet (1973). Albert Skira, Geneva. 233 pp.
Surrealists and Surrealism 1919-1939 (1977). Skira/Rizzoli International Publications, Inc., New York. 231 pp.
Birth Of Modern Painting (1978). Rizzoli International Publications, Inc., New York. 135 pp.
Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres (1980). Published by Skira/Rizzoli International Publications, Inc., New York. 151 pp. | [] | [
"Selected Bibliography"
] | [
"1915 births",
"1976 deaths",
"French art critics",
"French male essayists",
"People of Ligurian descent",
"20th-century French essayists",
"20th-century French male writers"
] |
projected-06899850-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sick%20Puppies | Sick Puppies | Introduction | Sick Puppies is an Australian alternative metal band formed in Sydney, New South Wales in 1997. After releasing their debut album Welcome to the Real World in 2001, the band rose to prominence in 2006 when their song "All the Same" was uploaded, along with a video, to YouTube. The video supported the Free Hugs Campaign, which was launched in Sydney, and has since received over 78 million views on the website. This success was followed up with their second studio album, Dressed Up as Life in 2007, which entered the Billboard 200 at number 181. Their third studio album, Tri-Polar, came out on 14 July 2009. The band's fourth studio album, Connect was released on 16 July 2013. They released their fifth studio album, Fury on 20 May 2016 with new vocalist Bryan Scott after Shimon Moore was fired from the band in October 2014. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1997 establishments in Australia",
"Australian hard rock musical groups",
"Australian post-grunge groups",
"Australian nu metal musical groups",
"Musical groups established in 1997",
"Musical groups from Sydney",
"Australian musical trios",
"Pew Fellows in the Arts",
"Virgin Records artists",
"Au... | |
projected-06899850-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sick%20Puppies | Sick Puppies | Early career (1997–1999) | Sick Puppies is an Australian alternative metal band formed in Sydney, New South Wales in 1997. After releasing their debut album Welcome to the Real World in 2001, the band rose to prominence in 2006 when their song "All the Same" was uploaded, along with a video, to YouTube. The video supported the Free Hugs Campaign, which was launched in Sydney, and has since received over 78 million views on the website. This success was followed up with their second studio album, Dressed Up as Life in 2007, which entered the Billboard 200 at number 181. Their third studio album, Tri-Polar, came out on 14 July 2009. The band's fourth studio album, Connect was released on 16 July 2013. They released their fifth studio album, Fury on 20 May 2016 with new vocalist Bryan Scott after Shimon Moore was fired from the band in October 2014. | The band was formed by singer/lead guitarist Shimon Moore and bassist Emma Anzai in the music room of Mosman High School in 1997, when they double-booked the room and bickered over who would get to practice. They soon bonded over their love of Silverchair. Initially with Shimon on drums and Emma on guitars, the duo would frequently meet up to play Green Day, Rage Against the Machine, and Silverchair songs, and eventually felt compelled to write their own material. When Chris Mileski joined the band to play drums, Emma switched to bass and Shimon to guitar and vocals, and they became Sick Puppies.
There are two stories as to how the band name originated. The official version is that Shimon Moore thought of the name himself when the band members were brainstorming, and then came home a few days later to find his father Phil reading the book Sick Puppy by Carl Hiaasen. The alternate version is that a neighbor's dog entered the garage during a rehearsal and vomited on their equipment. An early fan made the comment, "That's one sick puppy", and the name stuck.
Emma Anzai took up a job as a telemarketer and Shimon took a job holding a sandwich board in the Pitt Street Mall in Sydney. Through their own financing and with help from Shimon's father (a musician and producer), the band released their debut EP Dog's Breakfast. | [] | [
"History",
"Early career (1997–1999)"
] | [
"1997 establishments in Australia",
"Australian hard rock musical groups",
"Australian post-grunge groups",
"Australian nu metal musical groups",
"Musical groups established in 1997",
"Musical groups from Sydney",
"Australian musical trios",
"Pew Fellows in the Arts",
"Virgin Records artists",
"Au... |
projected-06899850-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sick%20Puppies | Sick Puppies | Initial success (2000–2008) | Sick Puppies is an Australian alternative metal band formed in Sydney, New South Wales in 1997. After releasing their debut album Welcome to the Real World in 2001, the band rose to prominence in 2006 when their song "All the Same" was uploaded, along with a video, to YouTube. The video supported the Free Hugs Campaign, which was launched in Sydney, and has since received over 78 million views on the website. This success was followed up with their second studio album, Dressed Up as Life in 2007, which entered the Billboard 200 at number 181. Their third studio album, Tri-Polar, came out on 14 July 2009. The band's fourth studio album, Connect was released on 16 July 2013. They released their fifth studio album, Fury on 20 May 2016 with new vocalist Bryan Scott after Shimon Moore was fired from the band in October 2014. | The band entered the Triple J Unearthed band competition in 2000 with a demo of their song, "Nothing Really Matters", and went on to co-win the Sydney-region along with Blue and Ariels.Spans.Earth., which led to a management deal with Paul Stepanek Management. This deal enabled the band to release their debut studio album, Welcome to the Real World in 2001, and their second EP, Fly in 2003. The band decided they needed a fresh start when the record label they had signed a contract with folded and their drummer Chris Mileski left the band. They decided to move to Los Angeles when rock photographer Robert Knight, who would later co-star in a documentary called Rock Prophecies with the band, said to their manager, "You should move the band over here, I really think they will do well". As they were without a drummer, the band posted an ad on Craigslist, where they found their current drummer Mark Goodwin.
In 2007, Sick Puppies released their second album, Dressed Up As Life. The album came after the huge success of the "Free Hugs Campaign", and featured their breakout single "All the Same". The song reached number eight on the U.S. Modern Rock chart and is also featured in the video for the Free Hugs Campaign, which won YouTube video of the year in 2006. They followed up the single with "My World", which peaked at No. 20. The band also released "Pitiful" and "What Are You Looking For" as singles in 2008. | [] | [
"History",
"Initial success (2000–2008)"
] | [
"1997 establishments in Australia",
"Australian hard rock musical groups",
"Australian post-grunge groups",
"Australian nu metal musical groups",
"Musical groups established in 1997",
"Musical groups from Sydney",
"Australian musical trios",
"Pew Fellows in the Arts",
"Virgin Records artists",
"Au... |
projected-06899850-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sick%20Puppies | Sick Puppies | Tri-Polar and related releases (2009–2012) | Sick Puppies is an Australian alternative metal band formed in Sydney, New South Wales in 1997. After releasing their debut album Welcome to the Real World in 2001, the band rose to prominence in 2006 when their song "All the Same" was uploaded, along with a video, to YouTube. The video supported the Free Hugs Campaign, which was launched in Sydney, and has since received over 78 million views on the website. This success was followed up with their second studio album, Dressed Up as Life in 2007, which entered the Billboard 200 at number 181. Their third studio album, Tri-Polar, came out on 14 July 2009. The band's fourth studio album, Connect was released on 16 July 2013. They released their fifth studio album, Fury on 20 May 2016 with new vocalist Bryan Scott after Shimon Moore was fired from the band in October 2014. | Sick Puppies went into the recording studio in December 2008 to write, record, and produce their next studio album, which was released on 14 July 2009. They also wrote a song for Capcom's video game Street Fighter IV called "War", and it has been used in the advertisements and promotion for the game. It also reached the top 40 on the iTunes top rock songs. "War" was used during the Washington Capitals 2009 Stanley Cup playoffs introduction video. The song was also included as the first track on Tri-Polar. Their first single off Tri-Polar, "You're Going Down", reached No. 1, and was used as the theme song for the WWE pay per view Extreme Rules in June 2009. It was also used in SmackDown vs. Raw 2010, the My Soul to Take (2010) movie trailer, and in the trailer and opening credits of Tekken. The second single from the album, "Odd One", hit radio on 10 November.
Sick Puppies released a new song called "That Time of Year" on NCIS: The Official TV Soundtrack – Vol. 2 and through their MySpace page for the holidays. The third single from the album, "Maybe", hit radio stations on 22 June. "Maybe" peaked at No. 1 on Billboard Heatseekers, No. 15 on Rock, and No. 6 on Alternative. It is the first Sick Puppies song to be on the Hot 100 chart, making it the band's most successful song. The album's fourth single, "Riptide", was released in February 2011, and peaked at number 6 on the Billboards Rock Chart. Tri-Polar was released in the UK on 4 April 2011.
On 14 August 2009, Sick Puppies made their film debut in Rock Prophecies, a documentary about the career of acclaimed music photographer Robert Knight. This award-winning film features his life as he started out filming music greats such as Led Zeppelin and Jimi Hendrix, and his current mission to find today's up-and-coming bands and help them become tomorrow's top rock acts. This includes him convincing Sick Puppies to leave their homes to pursue success in the American music industry in Los Angeles.
According to bassist Emma Anzai, "(Robert Knight) was like, 'Hey I want to put you in my film', so we were like, 'All right, cool.' So now it's two years later and he documented when we did the first album, the first show, all that kind of stuff. It was really cool. He wanted a new band to . . . develop." During the process, the band was filmed for a few days at a time, and said that they would forget the cameras were there and act accordingly, so this film captures them and their true interactions out of the spotlight. It was partly due to their involvement in this project and Mr. Knight's endorsement that they were able to acquire their first American record deal with RMR/Virgin/EMI. This record deal then led to the first U.S album, Dressed Up as Life. Rock Prophecies was nationally aired on PBS and became available on DVD on 14 September 2010.
On 7 April 2010, Sick Puppies released an acoustic EP titled Live & Unplugged, featuring three tracks from their Tri-Polar album and one B-Side from that album. The versions of "Odd One", "So What I Lied", and "The Pretender" were recorded in a studio, while "You're Going Down" was recorded live in a Chicago radio station during an interview. To promote the EP, Sick Puppies offered a merchandise package that included Tri-Polar and Live & Unplugged with a limited edition lithograph; this package was sold at their concerts. On 1 March 2011, Sick Puppies released their all-acoustic seven-track EP Polar Opposite, which includes acoustic versions of "Riptide", "Don't Walk Away", and more. It was recorded in studio, along with string ensemble accompaniment. Anzai also contributes more major lead vocals on the record. | [] | [
"History",
"Tri-Polar and related releases (2009–2012)"
] | [
"1997 establishments in Australia",
"Australian hard rock musical groups",
"Australian post-grunge groups",
"Australian nu metal musical groups",
"Musical groups established in 1997",
"Musical groups from Sydney",
"Australian musical trios",
"Pew Fellows in the Arts",
"Virgin Records artists",
"Au... |
projected-06899850-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sick%20Puppies | Sick Puppies | Later albums and Shimon Moore's departure (2013–present) | Sick Puppies is an Australian alternative metal band formed in Sydney, New South Wales in 1997. After releasing their debut album Welcome to the Real World in 2001, the band rose to prominence in 2006 when their song "All the Same" was uploaded, along with a video, to YouTube. The video supported the Free Hugs Campaign, which was launched in Sydney, and has since received over 78 million views on the website. This success was followed up with their second studio album, Dressed Up as Life in 2007, which entered the Billboard 200 at number 181. Their third studio album, Tri-Polar, came out on 14 July 2009. The band's fourth studio album, Connect was released on 16 July 2013. They released their fifth studio album, Fury on 20 May 2016 with new vocalist Bryan Scott after Shimon Moore was fired from the band in October 2014. | Sick Puppies released the follow-up album to Tri-Polar on 16 July 2013. The band originally stated on UStream that the working title was Under the Black Sky and that there would be a song by the same title. They later confirmed that the album name had changed, and officially announced the title of the album to be Connect, and its lead single, "There's No Going Back" was released on 20 May 2013. The second single off the album, "Gunfight", was released on 13 October 2013. Connect was released in Europe on 31 March 2014. The album's third single, "Die to Save You", was released on 29 April 2014. The album's fourth single, "Connect", was released on 19 July 2014. In October 2014, American musician Blue Stahli announced that Anzai had worked on the track "Not Over 'Til We Say So" for his upcoming album The Devil.
On 20 October 2014, it was announced that frontman Shimon Moore had left the band and that the remaining two members would continue on without him. This left bassist Emma Anzai as the only original member remaining in the band. It was later alleged that Moore was fired after he attempted to dissolve the band through a lawyer. Moore stated he was kicked out while out of town and he had no knowledge of it beforehand. He said he was sad and that he wished the band well.
On 15 December 2015, the band teased their upcoming music. They also signed on to play tours including Rock on the Range. On 8 February 2016, they revealed their new vocalist, Bryan Scott, who previously played with Glass Intrepid and Dev Electric, and briefly toured as a vocalist for Atlantic Records rock act Emphatic in 2011, while previewing a new single called Stick to Your Guns. On 31 March 2016, Sick Puppies released their single "Stick to Your Guns". The album Fury was released in May 2016. In May 2022, Anzai joined Evanescence to fill that band's vacant bassist position, but she remains with Sick Puppies. | [] | [
"History",
"Later albums and Shimon Moore's departure (2013–present)"
] | [
"1997 establishments in Australia",
"Australian hard rock musical groups",
"Australian post-grunge groups",
"Australian nu metal musical groups",
"Musical groups established in 1997",
"Musical groups from Sydney",
"Australian musical trios",
"Pew Fellows in the Arts",
"Virgin Records artists",
"Au... |
projected-06899850-006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sick%20Puppies | Sick Puppies | Band members | Sick Puppies is an Australian alternative metal band formed in Sydney, New South Wales in 1997. After releasing their debut album Welcome to the Real World in 2001, the band rose to prominence in 2006 when their song "All the Same" was uploaded, along with a video, to YouTube. The video supported the Free Hugs Campaign, which was launched in Sydney, and has since received over 78 million views on the website. This success was followed up with their second studio album, Dressed Up as Life in 2007, which entered the Billboard 200 at number 181. Their third studio album, Tri-Polar, came out on 14 July 2009. The band's fourth studio album, Connect was released on 16 July 2013. They released their fifth studio album, Fury on 20 May 2016 with new vocalist Bryan Scott after Shimon Moore was fired from the band in October 2014. | Current members
Emma Anzai – bass, backing vocals (1997–present)
Mark Goodwin – drums, backing vocals (2003–present)
Bryan Scott – lead vocals, guitars (2016–present)
Former members
Chris Mileski – drums, backing vocals (1997–2003)
Shimon Moore – lead vocals, guitars (1997–2014)
Timeline | [
"Sick Puppies at Camp Humphreys - 2019 (5360827) (cropped).jpg"
] | [
"Band members"
] | [
"1997 establishments in Australia",
"Australian hard rock musical groups",
"Australian post-grunge groups",
"Australian nu metal musical groups",
"Musical groups established in 1997",
"Musical groups from Sydney",
"Australian musical trios",
"Pew Fellows in the Arts",
"Virgin Records artists",
"Au... |
projected-06899850-007 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sick%20Puppies | Sick Puppies | Discography | Sick Puppies is an Australian alternative metal band formed in Sydney, New South Wales in 1997. After releasing their debut album Welcome to the Real World in 2001, the band rose to prominence in 2006 when their song "All the Same" was uploaded, along with a video, to YouTube. The video supported the Free Hugs Campaign, which was launched in Sydney, and has since received over 78 million views on the website. This success was followed up with their second studio album, Dressed Up as Life in 2007, which entered the Billboard 200 at number 181. Their third studio album, Tri-Polar, came out on 14 July 2009. The band's fourth studio album, Connect was released on 16 July 2013. They released their fifth studio album, Fury on 20 May 2016 with new vocalist Bryan Scott after Shimon Moore was fired from the band in October 2014. | Welcome to the Real World (2001)
Dressed Up as Life (2007)
Tri-Polar (2009)
Connect (2013)
Fury (2016) | [] | [
"Discography"
] | [
"1997 establishments in Australia",
"Australian hard rock musical groups",
"Australian post-grunge groups",
"Australian nu metal musical groups",
"Musical groups established in 1997",
"Musical groups from Sydney",
"Australian musical trios",
"Pew Fellows in the Arts",
"Virgin Records artists",
"Au... |
projected-06899850-008 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sick%20Puppies | Sick Puppies | Awards and nominations | Sick Puppies is an Australian alternative metal band formed in Sydney, New South Wales in 1997. After releasing their debut album Welcome to the Real World in 2001, the band rose to prominence in 2006 when their song "All the Same" was uploaded, along with a video, to YouTube. The video supported the Free Hugs Campaign, which was launched in Sydney, and has since received over 78 million views on the website. This success was followed up with their second studio album, Dressed Up as Life in 2007, which entered the Billboard 200 at number 181. Their third studio album, Tri-Polar, came out on 14 July 2009. The band's fourth studio album, Connect was released on 16 July 2013. They released their fifth studio album, Fury on 20 May 2016 with new vocalist Bryan Scott after Shimon Moore was fired from the band in October 2014. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||| | [] | [
"Awards and nominations"
] | [
"1997 establishments in Australia",
"Australian hard rock musical groups",
"Australian post-grunge groups",
"Australian nu metal musical groups",
"Musical groups established in 1997",
"Musical groups from Sydney",
"Australian musical trios",
"Pew Fellows in the Arts",
"Virgin Records artists",
"Au... |
projected-23571638-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trusted%20Computer%20System%20Evaluation%20Criteria | Trusted Computer System Evaluation Criteria | Introduction | Trusted Computer System Evaluation Criteria (TCSEC) is a United States Government Department of Defense (DoD) standard that sets basic requirements for assessing the effectiveness of computer security controls built into a computer system. The TCSEC was used to evaluate, classify, and select computer systems being considered for the processing, storage, and retrieval of sensitive or classified information.
The TCSEC, frequently referred to as the Orange Book, is the centerpiece of the DoD Rainbow Series publications. Initially issued in 1983 by the National Computer Security Center (NCSC), an arm of the National Security Agency, and then updated in 1985, TCSEC was eventually replaced by the Common Criteria international standard, originally published in 2005. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"National Security Agency",
"Computer security standards",
"Trusted computing"
] | |
projected-23571638-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trusted%20Computer%20System%20Evaluation%20Criteria | Trusted Computer System Evaluation Criteria | Fundamental objectives and requirements | Trusted Computer System Evaluation Criteria (TCSEC) is a United States Government Department of Defense (DoD) standard that sets basic requirements for assessing the effectiveness of computer security controls built into a computer system. The TCSEC was used to evaluate, classify, and select computer systems being considered for the processing, storage, and retrieval of sensitive or classified information.
The TCSEC, frequently referred to as the Orange Book, is the centerpiece of the DoD Rainbow Series publications. Initially issued in 1983 by the National Computer Security Center (NCSC), an arm of the National Security Agency, and then updated in 1985, TCSEC was eventually replaced by the Common Criteria international standard, originally published in 2005. | On 24 October 2002, The Orange Book (aka DoDD 5200.28-STD) was canceled by DoDD 8500.1, which was later reissued as DoDI 8500.02, on 14 March 2014. | [] | [
"Fundamental objectives and requirements"
] | [
"National Security Agency",
"Computer security standards",
"Trusted computing"
] |
projected-23571638-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trusted%20Computer%20System%20Evaluation%20Criteria | Trusted Computer System Evaluation Criteria | Policy | Trusted Computer System Evaluation Criteria (TCSEC) is a United States Government Department of Defense (DoD) standard that sets basic requirements for assessing the effectiveness of computer security controls built into a computer system. The TCSEC was used to evaluate, classify, and select computer systems being considered for the processing, storage, and retrieval of sensitive or classified information.
The TCSEC, frequently referred to as the Orange Book, is the centerpiece of the DoD Rainbow Series publications. Initially issued in 1983 by the National Computer Security Center (NCSC), an arm of the National Security Agency, and then updated in 1985, TCSEC was eventually replaced by the Common Criteria international standard, originally published in 2005. | The security policy must be explicit, well-defined, and enforced by the computer system. Three basic security policies are specified:
Mandatory Security Policy – Enforces access control rules based directly on an individual's clearance, authorization for the information and the confidentiality level of the information being sought. Other indirect factors are physical and environmental. This policy must also accurately reflect the laws, general policies and other relevant guidance from which the rules are derived.
Marking – Systems designed to enforce a mandatory security policy must store and preserve the integrity of access control labels and retain the labels if the object is exported.
Discretionary Security Policy – Enforces a consistent set of rules for controlling and limiting access based on identified individuals who have been determined to have a need-to-know for the information. | [] | [
"Fundamental objectives and requirements",
"Policy"
] | [
"National Security Agency",
"Computer security standards",
"Trusted computing"
] |
projected-23571638-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trusted%20Computer%20System%20Evaluation%20Criteria | Trusted Computer System Evaluation Criteria | Accountability | Trusted Computer System Evaluation Criteria (TCSEC) is a United States Government Department of Defense (DoD) standard that sets basic requirements for assessing the effectiveness of computer security controls built into a computer system. The TCSEC was used to evaluate, classify, and select computer systems being considered for the processing, storage, and retrieval of sensitive or classified information.
The TCSEC, frequently referred to as the Orange Book, is the centerpiece of the DoD Rainbow Series publications. Initially issued in 1983 by the National Computer Security Center (NCSC), an arm of the National Security Agency, and then updated in 1985, TCSEC was eventually replaced by the Common Criteria international standard, originally published in 2005. | Individual accountability regardless of policy must be enforced. A secure means must exist to ensure the access of an authorized and competent agent that can then evaluate the accountability information within a reasonable amount of time and without undue difficulty. The accountability objective includes three requirements:
Identification – The process used to recognize an individual user.
Authentication – The verification of an individual user's authorization to specific categories of information.
Auditing – Audit information must be selectively kept and protected so that actions affecting security can be traced to the authenticated individual. | [] | [
"Fundamental objectives and requirements",
"Accountability"
] | [
"National Security Agency",
"Computer security standards",
"Trusted computing"
] |
projected-23571638-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trusted%20Computer%20System%20Evaluation%20Criteria | Trusted Computer System Evaluation Criteria | Assurance | Trusted Computer System Evaluation Criteria (TCSEC) is a United States Government Department of Defense (DoD) standard that sets basic requirements for assessing the effectiveness of computer security controls built into a computer system. The TCSEC was used to evaluate, classify, and select computer systems being considered for the processing, storage, and retrieval of sensitive or classified information.
The TCSEC, frequently referred to as the Orange Book, is the centerpiece of the DoD Rainbow Series publications. Initially issued in 1983 by the National Computer Security Center (NCSC), an arm of the National Security Agency, and then updated in 1985, TCSEC was eventually replaced by the Common Criteria international standard, originally published in 2005. | The computer system must contain hardware/software mechanisms that can be independently evaluated to provide sufficient assurance that the system enforces the above requirements. By extension, assurance must include a guarantee that the trusted portion of the system works only as intended. To accomplish these objectives, two types of assurance are needed with their respective elements:
Assurance Mechanisms
Operational Assurance: System Architecture, System Integrity, Covert Channel Analysis, Trusted Facility Management, and Trusted Recovery
Life-cycle Assurance : Security Testing, Design Specification and Verification, Configuration Management, and Trusted System Distribution
Continuous Protection Assurance – The trusted mechanisms that enforce these basic requirements must be continuously protected against tampering or unauthorized changes. | [] | [
"Fundamental objectives and requirements",
"Assurance"
] | [
"National Security Agency",
"Computer security standards",
"Trusted computing"
] |
projected-23571638-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trusted%20Computer%20System%20Evaluation%20Criteria | Trusted Computer System Evaluation Criteria | Documentation | Trusted Computer System Evaluation Criteria (TCSEC) is a United States Government Department of Defense (DoD) standard that sets basic requirements for assessing the effectiveness of computer security controls built into a computer system. The TCSEC was used to evaluate, classify, and select computer systems being considered for the processing, storage, and retrieval of sensitive or classified information.
The TCSEC, frequently referred to as the Orange Book, is the centerpiece of the DoD Rainbow Series publications. Initially issued in 1983 by the National Computer Security Center (NCSC), an arm of the National Security Agency, and then updated in 1985, TCSEC was eventually replaced by the Common Criteria international standard, originally published in 2005. | Within each class, an additional set of documentation addresses the development, deployment, and management of the system rather than its capabilities. This documentation includes:
Security Features User's Guide, Trusted Facility Manual, Test Documentation, and Design Documentation | [] | [
"Fundamental objectives and requirements",
"Documentation"
] | [
"National Security Agency",
"Computer security standards",
"Trusted computing"
] |
projected-23571638-006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trusted%20Computer%20System%20Evaluation%20Criteria | Trusted Computer System Evaluation Criteria | Divisions and classes | Trusted Computer System Evaluation Criteria (TCSEC) is a United States Government Department of Defense (DoD) standard that sets basic requirements for assessing the effectiveness of computer security controls built into a computer system. The TCSEC was used to evaluate, classify, and select computer systems being considered for the processing, storage, and retrieval of sensitive or classified information.
The TCSEC, frequently referred to as the Orange Book, is the centerpiece of the DoD Rainbow Series publications. Initially issued in 1983 by the National Computer Security Center (NCSC), an arm of the National Security Agency, and then updated in 1985, TCSEC was eventually replaced by the Common Criteria international standard, originally published in 2005. | The TCSEC defines four divisions: D, C, B, and A, where division A has the highest security. Each division represents a significant difference in the trust an individual or organization can place on the evaluated system. Additionally divisions C, B and A are broken into a series of hierarchical subdivisions called classes: C1, C2, B1, B2, B3, and A1.
Each division and class expands or modifies as indicated the requirements of the immediately prior division or class. | [] | [
"Divisions and classes"
] | [
"National Security Agency",
"Computer security standards",
"Trusted computing"
] |
projected-23571638-007 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trusted%20Computer%20System%20Evaluation%20Criteria | Trusted Computer System Evaluation Criteria | D – Minimal protection | Trusted Computer System Evaluation Criteria (TCSEC) is a United States Government Department of Defense (DoD) standard that sets basic requirements for assessing the effectiveness of computer security controls built into a computer system. The TCSEC was used to evaluate, classify, and select computer systems being considered for the processing, storage, and retrieval of sensitive or classified information.
The TCSEC, frequently referred to as the Orange Book, is the centerpiece of the DoD Rainbow Series publications. Initially issued in 1983 by the National Computer Security Center (NCSC), an arm of the National Security Agency, and then updated in 1985, TCSEC was eventually replaced by the Common Criteria international standard, originally published in 2005. | Reserved for those systems that have been evaluated but that fail to meet the requirement for a higher division. | [] | [
"Divisions and classes",
"D – Minimal protection"
] | [
"National Security Agency",
"Computer security standards",
"Trusted computing"
] |
projected-23571638-008 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trusted%20Computer%20System%20Evaluation%20Criteria | Trusted Computer System Evaluation Criteria | C – Discretionary protection | Trusted Computer System Evaluation Criteria (TCSEC) is a United States Government Department of Defense (DoD) standard that sets basic requirements for assessing the effectiveness of computer security controls built into a computer system. The TCSEC was used to evaluate, classify, and select computer systems being considered for the processing, storage, and retrieval of sensitive or classified information.
The TCSEC, frequently referred to as the Orange Book, is the centerpiece of the DoD Rainbow Series publications. Initially issued in 1983 by the National Computer Security Center (NCSC), an arm of the National Security Agency, and then updated in 1985, TCSEC was eventually replaced by the Common Criteria international standard, originally published in 2005. | C1 – Discretionary Security Protection
Identification and authentication
Separation of users and data
Discretionary Access Control (DAC) capable of enforcing access limitations on an individual basis
Required System Documentation and user manuals
C2 – Controlled Access Protection
More finely grained DAC
Individual accountability through login procedures
Audit trails
Object reuse
Resource isolation
An example of such as system is HP-UX | [] | [
"Divisions and classes",
"C – Discretionary protection"
] | [
"National Security Agency",
"Computer security standards",
"Trusted computing"
] |
projected-23571638-009 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trusted%20Computer%20System%20Evaluation%20Criteria | Trusted Computer System Evaluation Criteria | B – Mandatory protection | Trusted Computer System Evaluation Criteria (TCSEC) is a United States Government Department of Defense (DoD) standard that sets basic requirements for assessing the effectiveness of computer security controls built into a computer system. The TCSEC was used to evaluate, classify, and select computer systems being considered for the processing, storage, and retrieval of sensitive or classified information.
The TCSEC, frequently referred to as the Orange Book, is the centerpiece of the DoD Rainbow Series publications. Initially issued in 1983 by the National Computer Security Center (NCSC), an arm of the National Security Agency, and then updated in 1985, TCSEC was eventually replaced by the Common Criteria international standard, originally published in 2005. | B1 – Labeled Security Protection
Informal statement of the security policy model
Data sensitivity labels
Mandatory Access Control (MAC) over selected subjects and objects
Label exportation capabilities
Some discovered flaws must be removed or otherwise mitigated
Design specifications and verification
B2 – Structured Protection
Security policy model clearly defined and formally documented
DAC and MAC enforcement extended to all subjects and objects
Covert storage channels are analyzed for occurrence and bandwidth
Carefully structured into protection-critical and non-protection-critical elements
Design and implementation enable more comprehensive testing and review
Authentication mechanisms are strengthened
Trusted facility management is provided with administrator and operator segregation
Strict configuration management controls are imposed
Operator and Administrator roles are separated.
An example of such a system was Multics
B3 – Security Domains
Satisfies reference monitor requirements
Structured to exclude code not essential to security policy enforcement
Significant system engineering directed toward minimizing complexity
Security administrator role defined
Audit security-relevant events
Automated imminent intrusion detection, notification, and response
Trusted path to the TCB for the user authentication function
Trusted system recovery procedures
Covert timing channels are analyzed for occurrence and bandwidth
An example of such a system is the XTS-300, a precursor to the XTS-400 | [] | [
"Divisions and classes",
"B – Mandatory protection"
] | [
"National Security Agency",
"Computer security standards",
"Trusted computing"
] |
projected-23571638-010 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trusted%20Computer%20System%20Evaluation%20Criteria | Trusted Computer System Evaluation Criteria | A – Verified protection | Trusted Computer System Evaluation Criteria (TCSEC) is a United States Government Department of Defense (DoD) standard that sets basic requirements for assessing the effectiveness of computer security controls built into a computer system. The TCSEC was used to evaluate, classify, and select computer systems being considered for the processing, storage, and retrieval of sensitive or classified information.
The TCSEC, frequently referred to as the Orange Book, is the centerpiece of the DoD Rainbow Series publications. Initially issued in 1983 by the National Computer Security Center (NCSC), an arm of the National Security Agency, and then updated in 1985, TCSEC was eventually replaced by the Common Criteria international standard, originally published in 2005. | A1 – Verified Design
Functionally identical to B3
Formal design and verification techniques including a formal top-level specification
Formal management and distribution procedures
Examples of A1-class systems are Honeywell's SCOMP, Aesec's GEMSOS, and Boeing's SNS Server. Two that were unevaluated were the production LOCK platform and the cancelled DEC VAX Security Kernel.
Beyond A1
System Architecture demonstrates that the requirements of self-protection and completeness for reference monitors have been implemented in the Trusted Computing Base (TCB).
Security Testing automatically generates test-case from the formal top-level specification or formal lower-level specifications.
Formal Specification and Verification is where the TCB is verified down to the source code level, using formal verification methods where feasible.
Trusted Design Environment is where the TCB is designed in a trusted facility with only trusted (cleared) personnel. | [] | [
"Divisions and classes",
"A – Verified protection"
] | [
"National Security Agency",
"Computer security standards",
"Trusted computing"
] |
projected-23571638-011 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trusted%20Computer%20System%20Evaluation%20Criteria | Trusted Computer System Evaluation Criteria | Matching classes to environmental requirements | Trusted Computer System Evaluation Criteria (TCSEC) is a United States Government Department of Defense (DoD) standard that sets basic requirements for assessing the effectiveness of computer security controls built into a computer system. The TCSEC was used to evaluate, classify, and select computer systems being considered for the processing, storage, and retrieval of sensitive or classified information.
The TCSEC, frequently referred to as the Orange Book, is the centerpiece of the DoD Rainbow Series publications. Initially issued in 1983 by the National Computer Security Center (NCSC), an arm of the National Security Agency, and then updated in 1985, TCSEC was eventually replaced by the Common Criteria international standard, originally published in 2005. | The publication entitled "Army Regulation 380-19" is an example of a guide to determining which system class should be used in a given situation. | [] | [
"Matching classes to environmental requirements"
] | [
"National Security Agency",
"Computer security standards",
"Trusted computing"
] |
projected-23571638-012 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trusted%20Computer%20System%20Evaluation%20Criteria | Trusted Computer System Evaluation Criteria | See also | Trusted Computer System Evaluation Criteria (TCSEC) is a United States Government Department of Defense (DoD) standard that sets basic requirements for assessing the effectiveness of computer security controls built into a computer system. The TCSEC was used to evaluate, classify, and select computer systems being considered for the processing, storage, and retrieval of sensitive or classified information.
The TCSEC, frequently referred to as the Orange Book, is the centerpiece of the DoD Rainbow Series publications. Initially issued in 1983 by the National Computer Security Center (NCSC), an arm of the National Security Agency, and then updated in 1985, TCSEC was eventually replaced by the Common Criteria international standard, originally published in 2005. | AR 380-19 superseded by AR 25-2
Canadian Trusted Computer Product Evaluation Criteria
Common Criteria
ITSEC
Rainbow Series
Trusted Platform Module | [] | [
"See also"
] | [
"National Security Agency",
"Computer security standards",
"Trusted computing"
] |
projected-23571643-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ustia%2C%20Dub%C4%83sari | Ustia, Dubăsari | Introduction | Ustia is a village in Dubăsari District, Moldova. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Villages of Dubăsari District",
"Populated places on the Dniester"
] | |
projected-23571643-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ustia%2C%20Dub%C4%83sari | Ustia, Dubăsari | Media | Ustia is a village in Dubăsari District, Moldova. | Jurnal FM - 98.7 MHz | [] | [
"Media"
] | [
"Villages of Dubăsari District",
"Populated places on the Dniester"
] |
projected-23571643-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ustia%2C%20Dub%C4%83sari | Ustia, Dubăsari | Notable people | Ustia is a village in Dubăsari District, Moldova. | Ștefan Urâtu | [] | [
"Notable people"
] | [
"Villages of Dubăsari District",
"Populated places on the Dniester"
] |
projected-23571643-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ustia%2C%20Dub%C4%83sari | Ustia, Dubăsari | References | Ustia is a village in Dubăsari District, Moldova. | Category:Villages of Dubăsari District
Category:Populated places on the Dniester | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"Villages of Dubăsari District",
"Populated places on the Dniester"
] |
projected-23571649-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantabile%20%28poetry%20collection%29 | Cantabile (poetry collection) | Introduction | Cantabile is a collection of poems written by Henrik, the Prince Consort of Denmark and published in 2000. It is illustrated by the Queen of Denmark, Margrethe II.
The book contains both the original poems by Prince Henrik, written in French, as well as Danish translations by Per Aage Brandt. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"2000 poetry books",
"Danish poetry collections",
"French poetry collections"
] | |
projected-23571649-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantabile%20%28poetry%20collection%29 | Cantabile (poetry collection) | Musical settings | Cantabile is a collection of poems written by Henrik, the Prince Consort of Denmark and published in 2000. It is illustrated by the Queen of Denmark, Margrethe II.
The book contains both the original poems by Prince Henrik, written in French, as well as Danish translations by Per Aage Brandt. | Lacrymae mundi for male choir by Svend Hvidtfelt Nielsen (2008)
Symphonic suite Cantabile for symphony orchestra, choir and soloists by Frederik Magle (2004-2009) | [] | [
"Musical settings"
] | [
"2000 poetry books",
"Danish poetry collections",
"French poetry collections"
] |
projected-06899856-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chapter%20II%3A%20Family%20Reunion | Chapter II: Family Reunion | Introduction | Family Scriptures Chapter II: Family Reunion is the second studio album by American hip hop collective Mo Thugs. It was released on May 26, 1998 via Mo Thugs/Relativity Records, serving as a sequel to the group's 1996 album Family Scriptures. Recording sessions took place at Studio 56 and at Private Island Trax in Los Angeles, at Audio Vision Studios and at H&N Studios in Miami, and at G.T.R. Media Studios. Production was handled by Krayzie Bone and Layzie Bone, who also served as executive producers, Archie Blaine, Damon Elliott, "Disco" Rick Taylor, Michael Seifert, MT5, Paul "Tombstone" O'Neil, Romeo Antonio, Skant Bone and Souljah Boy.
It features contributions from Flesh-n-Bone, II Tru, Ken Dawg, Krayzie Bone, Layzie Bone, Poetic Hustla'z, Souljah Boy, The Graveyard Shift, as well as Cat Cody, Felecia, MT5, Potion, Powder, Skant Bone, Thug Queen, Wish Bone and 4-U-2-Know. The album is dedicated to the Graveyard Shift member Paul "Tombstone" O'Neil, who died in 1997.
The album peaked at number 25 on the Billboard 200 and number 8 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums in the United States. On July 8, 1998, it received Gold certification status by the Recording Industry Association of America for selling 500,000 copies. It spawned two singles "Ghetto Cowboy" and "All Good". Its lead single, "Ghetto Cowboy", peaked at number 15 on the Billboard Hot 100 and later was certified Gold by the RIAA. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1998 albums",
"Sequel albums",
"Mo Thugs albums",
"Relativity Records albums"
] | |
projected-06899856-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chapter%20II%3A%20Family%20Reunion | Chapter II: Family Reunion | Track listing | Family Scriptures Chapter II: Family Reunion is the second studio album by American hip hop collective Mo Thugs. It was released on May 26, 1998 via Mo Thugs/Relativity Records, serving as a sequel to the group's 1996 album Family Scriptures. Recording sessions took place at Studio 56 and at Private Island Trax in Los Angeles, at Audio Vision Studios and at H&N Studios in Miami, and at G.T.R. Media Studios. Production was handled by Krayzie Bone and Layzie Bone, who also served as executive producers, Archie Blaine, Damon Elliott, "Disco" Rick Taylor, Michael Seifert, MT5, Paul "Tombstone" O'Neil, Romeo Antonio, Skant Bone and Souljah Boy.
It features contributions from Flesh-n-Bone, II Tru, Ken Dawg, Krayzie Bone, Layzie Bone, Poetic Hustla'z, Souljah Boy, The Graveyard Shift, as well as Cat Cody, Felecia, MT5, Potion, Powder, Skant Bone, Thug Queen, Wish Bone and 4-U-2-Know. The album is dedicated to the Graveyard Shift member Paul "Tombstone" O'Neil, who died in 1997.
The album peaked at number 25 on the Billboard 200 and number 8 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums in the United States. On July 8, 1998, it received Gold certification status by the Recording Industry Association of America for selling 500,000 copies. It spawned two singles "Ghetto Cowboy" and "All Good". Its lead single, "Ghetto Cowboy", peaked at number 15 on the Billboard Hot 100 and later was certified Gold by the RIAA. | Sample credits
Track 15 contains replayed elements from "Let's Get It On" written by Ed Townsend and Marvin Gaye and performed by Marvin Gaye | [] | [
"Track listing"
] | [
"1998 albums",
"Sequel albums",
"Mo Thugs albums",
"Relativity Records albums"
] |
projected-20463938-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beaudesert%20railway%20line | Beaudesert railway line | Introduction | The Beaudesert railway line (also known as the Upper Logan railway line) is a disused branch railway in South East Queensland, Australia. The first section opened in 1885, the line was completed in 1888 and operated as a Queensland Government Railways (QGR) line until 1996 (Passenger service ceased in 1961). A heritage operation was undertaken for a short period in 2003. The Canungra railway line connected at Logan Village between 1915 and 1955, and the Beaudesert Shire Tramway connected with the terminal between 1903 and 1944. A study was undertaken in 2010 by the Queensland government concerning a potential Salisbury-to-Beaudesert rail corridor as a long-term potential proposal. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Railway lines opened in 1888",
"Closed railway lines in Queensland",
"Logan City",
"3 ft 6 in gauge railways in Australia",
"1888 establishments in Australia",
"Scenic Rim Region",
"1996 disestablishments in Australia",
"Railway lines closed in 1996",
"2003 establishments in Australia",
"2004 dis... | |
projected-20463938-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beaudesert%20railway%20line | Beaudesert railway line | Route | The Beaudesert railway line (also known as the Upper Logan railway line) is a disused branch railway in South East Queensland, Australia. The first section opened in 1885, the line was completed in 1888 and operated as a Queensland Government Railways (QGR) line until 1996 (Passenger service ceased in 1961). A heritage operation was undertaken for a short period in 2003. The Canungra railway line connected at Logan Village between 1915 and 1955, and the Beaudesert Shire Tramway connected with the terminal between 1903 and 1944. A study was undertaken in 2010 by the Queensland government concerning a potential Salisbury-to-Beaudesert rail corridor as a long-term potential proposal. | The 43 kilometre-long line commenced at Bethania railway station () south of Brisbane. It branches off the Beenleigh Line at a triangular junction immediately south of Bethania station () then progresses generally south-west to Jimboomba and then generally south to its terminus at Beaudesert, on the following route. | [] | [
"Route"
] | [
"Railway lines opened in 1888",
"Closed railway lines in Queensland",
"Logan City",
"3 ft 6 in gauge railways in Australia",
"1888 establishments in Australia",
"Scenic Rim Region",
"1996 disestablishments in Australia",
"Railway lines closed in 1996",
"2003 establishments in Australia",
"2004 dis... |
projected-20463938-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beaudesert%20railway%20line | Beaudesert railway line | History | The Beaudesert railway line (also known as the Upper Logan railway line) is a disused branch railway in South East Queensland, Australia. The first section opened in 1885, the line was completed in 1888 and operated as a Queensland Government Railways (QGR) line until 1996 (Passenger service ceased in 1961). A heritage operation was undertaken for a short period in 2003. The Canungra railway line connected at Logan Village between 1915 and 1955, and the Beaudesert Shire Tramway connected with the terminal between 1903 and 1944. A study was undertaken in 2010 by the Queensland government concerning a potential Salisbury-to-Beaudesert rail corridor as a long-term potential proposal. | In 1877, a line was proposed from Wacol to Logan Village, Beaudesert and Tamrookum. A trial survey was taken around 1881 with the route commencing from Goodna. This line proposed 1-in-30 (~3.3%) grades, the steepest on the QGR system at the time, as well as requiring a bridge over the Logan River.
The line as built commenced at Bethania on the Beenleigh railway line, south of the Logan River and had the advantage of being a shorter distance of new construction. The section from Bethania to Logan Village was opened on 21 September 1885, with the Logan Village to Beaudesert section opened on 16 May 1888.
Initially trains were 'mixed' (i.e. consisting of both passenger carriages and goods wagons) until 1929, from when passenger services used rail motors.
Use of the passenger services declined with the increasing ownership of cars following World War II, leading to the termination of the passenger services in 1961. However the Beaudesert abattoir and the dairy farmers continued to use the freight services on the line until freight services terminated on 20 May 1996.
The line was unused until Beaudesert railway enthusiasts obtained an Australian Government grant to establish Beaudesert Rail to operate the line as a heritage tourism service. | [] | [
"History"
] | [
"Railway lines opened in 1888",
"Closed railway lines in Queensland",
"Logan City",
"3 ft 6 in gauge railways in Australia",
"1888 establishments in Australia",
"Scenic Rim Region",
"1996 disestablishments in Australia",
"Railway lines closed in 1996",
"2003 establishments in Australia",
"2004 dis... |
projected-20463938-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beaudesert%20railway%20line | Beaudesert railway line | Beaudesert Rail | The Beaudesert railway line (also known as the Upper Logan railway line) is a disused branch railway in South East Queensland, Australia. The first section opened in 1885, the line was completed in 1888 and operated as a Queensland Government Railways (QGR) line until 1996 (Passenger service ceased in 1961). A heritage operation was undertaken for a short period in 2003. The Canungra railway line connected at Logan Village between 1915 and 1955, and the Beaudesert Shire Tramway connected with the terminal between 1903 and 1944. A study was undertaken in 2010 by the Queensland government concerning a potential Salisbury-to-Beaudesert rail corridor as a long-term potential proposal. | In 2001, a grant provided by the federal government was given to a local group of Beaudesert people who traded as Beaudesert Rail (BR). The group set about acquiring rolling stock and locomotives. The line was upgraded to C17 use. When QGR services still operated on the Beaudesert Branch, only PB15's, B13's, B15's and 60t diesels were used. In order for Beaudesert Rail to commence steam services on the line, they needed to upgrade their track to carry the weight of their C17. The first Beaudesert rail service was held on 18 December 2002 with a run from Beaudesert to Logan Village and return. On 8 March 2003, Beaudesert Rail commenced steam-hauled services. Beaudesert Rail's steam locomotive was an ex-QR C17 #967. Built by Walkers Limited in Maryborough, 967 was in service for 19 years before being placed in a park at Caloundra. In 1985, the Ghan railway bought 967 as a gate train. In 2000, 967 was purchased and road-hauled to Beaudesert. Beaudesert rail then commenced services to Bethania on 4 April 2003. The last service to Bethania took place on 28 June 2003. On that date, Beaudesert Rail's ex-Emu Bay diesel 1105 derailed about south of Bethania, between the Dairy Creek Road and Easterly Street level crossings. Beaudesert rail experienced financial problems and the group disbanded in 2005. In 2006, the Zig Zag Railway acquired the former Beaudesert Rail carriages for use on their Blue Mountains system. | [] | [
"Beaudesert Rail"
] | [
"Railway lines opened in 1888",
"Closed railway lines in Queensland",
"Logan City",
"3 ft 6 in gauge railways in Australia",
"1888 establishments in Australia",
"Scenic Rim Region",
"1996 disestablishments in Australia",
"Railway lines closed in 1996",
"2003 establishments in Australia",
"2004 dis... |
projected-20463938-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beaudesert%20railway%20line | Beaudesert railway line | Remains | The Beaudesert railway line (also known as the Upper Logan railway line) is a disused branch railway in South East Queensland, Australia. The first section opened in 1885, the line was completed in 1888 and operated as a Queensland Government Railways (QGR) line until 1996 (Passenger service ceased in 1961). A heritage operation was undertaken for a short period in 2003. The Canungra railway line connected at Logan Village between 1915 and 1955, and the Beaudesert Shire Tramway connected with the terminal between 1903 and 1944. A study was undertaken in 2010 by the Queensland government concerning a potential Salisbury-to-Beaudesert rail corridor as a long-term potential proposal. | Whilst the track has not been substantially removed, many level crossings have been removed and paved over. The corridor is overgrown and many sections are utilised for livestock grazing. At Logan Village, only the platform remains and is covered with growth, the station area is rarely mown and fences have collapsed. At the Waterford - Tamborine road crossing the signals and signage have recently been removed after intersection upgrades. At Jimboomba, all that remains is the track. An attempt to remove the section of line here was made, but not completed. At Beaudesert the station building, water tower stand and the floor of the goods shed remains. Immediately south of the station building, the line has been covered with dirt and is now a car park. However, the station building has been repainted and a new station nameboard installed. | [] | [
"Remains"
] | [
"Railway lines opened in 1888",
"Closed railway lines in Queensland",
"Logan City",
"3 ft 6 in gauge railways in Australia",
"1888 establishments in Australia",
"Scenic Rim Region",
"1996 disestablishments in Australia",
"Railway lines closed in 1996",
"2003 establishments in Australia",
"2004 dis... |
projected-20463938-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beaudesert%20railway%20line | Beaudesert railway line | Proposed Salisbury - Beaudesert line | The Beaudesert railway line (also known as the Upper Logan railway line) is a disused branch railway in South East Queensland, Australia. The first section opened in 1885, the line was completed in 1888 and operated as a Queensland Government Railways (QGR) line until 1996 (Passenger service ceased in 1961). A heritage operation was undertaken for a short period in 2003. The Canungra railway line connected at Logan Village between 1915 and 1955, and the Beaudesert Shire Tramway connected with the terminal between 1903 and 1944. A study was undertaken in 2010 by the Queensland government concerning a potential Salisbury-to-Beaudesert rail corridor as a long-term potential proposal. | In 2010 a Queensland Government study proposed a new passenger rail line to Beaudesert utilising (and potentially duplicating and electrifying) the dual gauge line from Salisbury to Kagaru, then a new alignment to Veresdale, where the final ~9 km original alignment to Beaudesert would be utilised.
In November 2019 the Queensland Government and Australian Government agreed to fund a $10M business case to investigate construction of two electrified narrow-gauge passenger tracks from Salisbury to Beaudesert and two dual-gauge freight tracks between Acacia Ridge and Kagaru, a corridor which is being proposed for the Inland Rail project. | [] | [
"Proposed Salisbury - Beaudesert line"
] | [
"Railway lines opened in 1888",
"Closed railway lines in Queensland",
"Logan City",
"3 ft 6 in gauge railways in Australia",
"1888 establishments in Australia",
"Scenic Rim Region",
"1996 disestablishments in Australia",
"Railway lines closed in 1996",
"2003 establishments in Australia",
"2004 dis... |
projected-20463938-006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beaudesert%20railway%20line | Beaudesert railway line | See also | The Beaudesert railway line (also known as the Upper Logan railway line) is a disused branch railway in South East Queensland, Australia. The first section opened in 1885, the line was completed in 1888 and operated as a Queensland Government Railways (QGR) line until 1996 (Passenger service ceased in 1961). A heritage operation was undertaken for a short period in 2003. The Canungra railway line connected at Logan Village between 1915 and 1955, and the Beaudesert Shire Tramway connected with the terminal between 1903 and 1944. A study was undertaken in 2010 by the Queensland government concerning a potential Salisbury-to-Beaudesert rail corridor as a long-term potential proposal. | Rail transport in Queensland | [] | [
"See also"
] | [
"Railway lines opened in 1888",
"Closed railway lines in Queensland",
"Logan City",
"3 ft 6 in gauge railways in Australia",
"1888 establishments in Australia",
"Scenic Rim Region",
"1996 disestablishments in Australia",
"Railway lines closed in 1996",
"2003 establishments in Australia",
"2004 dis... |
projected-23571656-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramchandra%20Chintaman%20Dhere | Ramchandra Chintaman Dhere | Introduction | Ramchandra Chintaman Dhere (21 July 1930 – 1 July 2016) was a Marathi writer from Maharashtra, India. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Marathi-language writers",
"Recipients of the Sahitya Akademi Award in Marathi",
"1930 births",
"People from Pune district",
"2016 deaths"
] | |
projected-23571656-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramchandra%20Chintaman%20Dhere | Ramchandra Chintaman Dhere | Early life | Ramchandra Chintaman Dhere (21 July 1930 – 1 July 2016) was a Marathi writer from Maharashtra, India. | Dhere was born in the small village of Nigade in Pune district. He was orphaned at an early age of five. He studied at Municipal School, Pune, Poona English School, Poona Night School and graduated in 1966. During high school days he worked as a proof reader in the local press.
Dhere earned a PhD in Marathi in 1975. His doctoral thesis titled Shtsthal: Ek Adhyan was completed under the guidance of Ramchandra Shankar Walimbe. In 1980, he became the first person to obtain a Doctorate of Literature from Pune University. | [] | [
"Early life"
] | [
"Marathi-language writers",
"Recipients of the Sahitya Akademi Award in Marathi",
"1930 births",
"People from Pune district",
"2016 deaths"
] |
projected-23571656-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramchandra%20Chintaman%20Dhere | Ramchandra Chintaman Dhere | Career | Ramchandra Chintaman Dhere (21 July 1930 – 1 July 2016) was a Marathi writer from Maharashtra, India. | From his childhood, Dhere was deeply influenced by folk-life and literature. He was drawn towards saint literature such as Warkari and Nath
sects and started studying them.
Dhere wrote over 100 scholarly books, including some edited or translated works of others, on Marathi folk literature and culture, reconstruction of cultural history of places, religious sects in Maharashtra, and biographies of marathi saints. He also composed several poems and musical plays. Dhere lost almost all of his collection of old books in 1961 when the Panshet Dam broke flooding the city of Pune.
Dhere received a Sahitya Akademi Award in 1987 for his literary criticism Shri Vitthal: Ek MahaSamanvay. The highly influential book was translated to English by Anne Feldhaus and published by Oxford University Press in 2011. | [] | [
"Career"
] | [
"Marathi-language writers",
"Recipients of the Sahitya Akademi Award in Marathi",
"1930 births",
"People from Pune district",
"2016 deaths"
] |
projected-23571656-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramchandra%20Chintaman%20Dhere | Ramchandra Chintaman Dhere | Death and legacy | Ramchandra Chintaman Dhere (21 July 1930 – 1 July 2016) was a Marathi writer from Maharashtra, India. | Dhere died in Pune on 1 July 2016 at the age of 86 following prolonged illness. Writer Aruna Ramchandra Dhere is his daughter. In 2019, a library was built in Pune to preserve a collection of his books. | [] | [
"Death and legacy"
] | [
"Marathi-language writers",
"Recipients of the Sahitya Akademi Award in Marathi",
"1930 births",
"People from Pune district",
"2016 deaths"
] |
projected-23571656-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramchandra%20Chintaman%20Dhere | Ramchandra Chintaman Dhere | Literary work | Ramchandra Chintaman Dhere (21 July 1930 – 1 July 2016) was a Marathi writer from Maharashtra, India. | The following is a partial list of Dhere's works: | [] | [
"Literary work"
] | [
"Marathi-language writers",
"Recipients of the Sahitya Akademi Award in Marathi",
"1930 births",
"People from Pune district",
"2016 deaths"
] |
projected-23571656-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramchandra%20Chintaman%20Dhere | Ramchandra Chintaman Dhere | Notes | Ramchandra Chintaman Dhere (21 July 1930 – 1 July 2016) was a Marathi writer from Maharashtra, India. | Category:Marathi-language writers
Category:Recipients of the Sahitya Akademi Award in Marathi
Category:1930 births
Category:People from Pune district
Category:2016 deaths | [] | [
"Notes"
] | [
"Marathi-language writers",
"Recipients of the Sahitya Akademi Award in Marathi",
"1930 births",
"People from Pune district",
"2016 deaths"
] |
projected-23571657-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C2H4Br2 | C2H4Br2 | Introduction | {{DISPLAYTITLE:C2H4Br2}}
The molecular formula C2H4Br2 (molar mass: 187.86 g/mol, exact mass: 185.8680 u) may refer to:
1,1-Dibromoethane (ethylidene dibromide)
1,2-Dibromoethane, or ethylene dibromide (EDB) | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [] | |
projected-20463950-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norm%20Wingert | Norm Wingert | Introduction | Norman "Norm" Wingert (born April 18, 1950) is an American former professional soccer player who played as a goalkeeper. He played in the North American Soccer League between 1973 and 1975 for the Philadelphia Atoms. His son Chris is also a professional footballer.
Wingert attended Hartwick College where he played soccer from 1969 to 1971. He then played for the Philadelphia Atoms of the North American Soccer League from 1973 to 1975. In 1976, he played for the New York Apollo of the American Soccer League.
Norm is the father of Chris Wingert who played as a defender for Real Salt Lake. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"American soccer players",
"American Soccer League (1933–1983) players",
"Hartwick Hawks men's soccer players",
"New York Apollo players",
"North American Soccer League (1968–1984) players",
"Philadelphia Atoms players",
"1950 births",
"Living people",
"Association football goalkeepers"
] | |
projected-20463958-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copa%20Petrobras%20Asunci%C3%B3n | Copa Petrobras Asunción | Introduction | The Copa Petrobras Asunción is a tennis tournament that was held in Asunción, Paraguay from 2006 to 2010. The event is part of the ATP Challenger Tour and was played on outdoor clay courts. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"ATP Challenger Tour",
"Tennis tournaments in Paraguay",
"Clay court tennis tournaments"
] | |
projected-23571659-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Appalachian%20Americans | Appalachian Americans | Introduction | Appalachian Americans or simply Appalachians describes Americans living in the geocultural area of Appalachia in the eastern United States, or their descendants
While not an official demographic used or recognized by the United States Census Bureau, Appalachian Americans, due to various factors, have developed their own distinct culture within larger social groupings. Included are their own dialect, music, folklore, and even sports teams as in the case of the Appalachian League. Furthermore, many colleges and universities now grant degrees in Appalachian studies. The term has seen growing usage in recent years, possibly in opposition to the use of hillbilly, which is still often used to describe people of the region. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Society of Appalachia"
] | |
projected-23571659-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Appalachian%20Americans | Appalachian Americans | Arts and Entertainment | Appalachian Americans or simply Appalachians describes Americans living in the geocultural area of Appalachia in the eastern United States, or their descendants
While not an official demographic used or recognized by the United States Census Bureau, Appalachian Americans, due to various factors, have developed their own distinct culture within larger social groupings. Included are their own dialect, music, folklore, and even sports teams as in the case of the Appalachian League. Furthermore, many colleges and universities now grant degrees in Appalachian studies. The term has seen growing usage in recent years, possibly in opposition to the use of hillbilly, which is still often used to describe people of the region. | Ernest “Tennessee Ernie” Ford (1919–1991), country, pop, and gospel singer and television host
Emma Bell Miles (1879-1919), writer, poet, artist
Effie Waller Smith (1879-1960), Poet
Doc Watson (1923-2012), guitarist, songwriter, and singer
Dolly Parton (1946-), singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, actress, author, businesswoman and humanitarian
Eric Church (1977-), singer-songwriter
Earl Scruggs (1924 – 2012), bluegrass musician and banjo player noted for popularizing a three-finger picking style, now called "Scruggs style”
Loretta Lynn (1932-2022), country music singer-songwriter | [] | [
"Notable people",
"Arts and Entertainment"
] | [
"Society of Appalachia"
] |
projected-23571659-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Appalachian%20Americans | Appalachian Americans | Politicians | Appalachian Americans or simply Appalachians describes Americans living in the geocultural area of Appalachia in the eastern United States, or their descendants
While not an official demographic used or recognized by the United States Census Bureau, Appalachian Americans, due to various factors, have developed their own distinct culture within larger social groupings. Included are their own dialect, music, folklore, and even sports teams as in the case of the Appalachian League. Furthermore, many colleges and universities now grant degrees in Appalachian studies. The term has seen growing usage in recent years, possibly in opposition to the use of hillbilly, which is still often used to describe people of the region. | Thomas Woodrow Wilson (1856–1924), 28th president of the United States, serving during World War I
Charles Gates Dawes (1865–1951), banker, general, diplomat, composer, and 30th vice president of the United States under Calvin Coolidge
Jim Broyhill (1927-), businessman, United States Representative, United States Senator
Joe Manchin (1947-), United States Senator, politician, businessman | [] | [
"Notable people",
"Politicians"
] | [
"Society of Appalachia"
] |
projected-23571659-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Appalachian%20Americans | Appalachian Americans | Military | Appalachian Americans or simply Appalachians describes Americans living in the geocultural area of Appalachia in the eastern United States, or their descendants
While not an official demographic used or recognized by the United States Census Bureau, Appalachian Americans, due to various factors, have developed their own distinct culture within larger social groupings. Included are their own dialect, music, folklore, and even sports teams as in the case of the Appalachian League. Furthermore, many colleges and universities now grant degrees in Appalachian studies. The term has seen growing usage in recent years, possibly in opposition to the use of hillbilly, which is still often used to describe people of the region. | Thomas Jonathan "Stonewall" Jackson (1824-1863), United States military leader serving in the Mexican-American War, and later a prominent Confederate military leader during the American Civil War
Alvin York (1887-1964), highly-decorated United States soldier serving in World War I, receiving the Medal of Honor as well as numerous other awards from France, Italy, and Montenegro | [
"Stonewall Jackson by Routzahn, 1862.png"
] | [
"Notable people",
"Military"
] | [
"Society of Appalachia"
] |
projected-23571659-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Appalachian%20Americans | Appalachian Americans | Folk Heroes & Historical Figures | Appalachian Americans or simply Appalachians describes Americans living in the geocultural area of Appalachia in the eastern United States, or their descendants
While not an official demographic used or recognized by the United States Census Bureau, Appalachian Americans, due to various factors, have developed their own distinct culture within larger social groupings. Included are their own dialect, music, folklore, and even sports teams as in the case of the Appalachian League. Furthermore, many colleges and universities now grant degrees in Appalachian studies. The term has seen growing usage in recent years, possibly in opposition to the use of hillbilly, which is still often used to describe people of the region. | Daniel Boone (1734–1820), pioneer, explorer
Davy Crockett (1786–1836), frontiersman, soldier, politician
John Gordon (1759–1819), pioneer, trader, planter, militia captain
Devil Anse Hatfield (1839–1921), patriarch of the Hatfield family of the Hatfield–McCoy feud
Belle Starr (1848–1889), notorious outlaw convicted of horse theft | [] | [
"Notable people",
"Folk Heroes & Historical Figures"
] | [
"Society of Appalachia"
] |
projected-23571659-006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Appalachian%20Americans | Appalachian Americans | Sports | Appalachian Americans or simply Appalachians describes Americans living in the geocultural area of Appalachia in the eastern United States, or their descendants
While not an official demographic used or recognized by the United States Census Bureau, Appalachian Americans, due to various factors, have developed their own distinct culture within larger social groupings. Included are their own dialect, music, folklore, and even sports teams as in the case of the Appalachian League. Furthermore, many colleges and universities now grant degrees in Appalachian studies. The term has seen growing usage in recent years, possibly in opposition to the use of hillbilly, which is still often used to describe people of the region. | Jerry West (1938-), professional basketball player, NBA Champion, Medal of Freedom Recipient
Katie Smith (1974-), retired professional women's basketball player, 3 time Gold Medalist, Women's Basketball Hall of Fame
Madison Bumgarner (1989-), professional baseball player | [] | [
"Notable people",
"Sports"
] | [
"Society of Appalachia"
] |
projected-23571659-007 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Appalachian%20Americans | Appalachian Americans | Miscellaneous | Appalachian Americans or simply Appalachians describes Americans living in the geocultural area of Appalachia in the eastern United States, or their descendants
While not an official demographic used or recognized by the United States Census Bureau, Appalachian Americans, due to various factors, have developed their own distinct culture within larger social groupings. Included are their own dialect, music, folklore, and even sports teams as in the case of the Appalachian League. Furthermore, many colleges and universities now grant degrees in Appalachian studies. The term has seen growing usage in recent years, possibly in opposition to the use of hillbilly, which is still often used to describe people of the region. | Francis Asbury (1745–1816), Methodist Episcopal bishop | [] | [
"Notable people",
"Miscellaneous"
] | [
"Society of Appalachia"
] |