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How do you draw a tank? – How To Draw Cars Step-By-Step Pictures How To Draw Prism Unicorn There are two key types of tanks, infantry and mechanised. The infantry tank is the most common form, although mechanised vehicles have been made and have seen service with the Royal Tank Regiment and other forces. There are tanks with armoured plating on top, such as the Shermans of the Royal Tank Regiment, which has been painted with blue paint, to give it the appearance of metallic grey. The mechanised tank was the most basic and was made of steel and wooden hulls built to look like tanks to confuse potential infantry targets. Most famous of these are the Bradley Fighting Vehicles from 3rd Armoured Division (which was disbanded in 2011), the British Sherman tank, which was used by the 3rd Armoured Division for the first time in Korea. How do you drive a tank? The key to tank driving is that you can change direction within milliseconds, and you’re not forced to hit the brakes. If you do hit brakes, you simply shift gears, meaning the tank can move out of its line of fire. The tank must also be able to stop instantly, and if it’s moving too fast you can run off the pavement. If you’re running fast, this can cause you trouble because it’s hard to brake if you’re going so fast. When you’re moving at full speed, the turret rotates so it’s facing you, so the tank can be rotated to allow you to change directions. If you don’t want that, you have to roll over your steering wheel. How do you fire an enemy tank? There are a few methods for firing an enemy tank, which are listed in order of how the enemy is to be killed rather than by how you shoot the tank. Blocking Range – Most tanks with an autoloader can fire at the same distance, although the range varies; the Bradley is able to fire at 3200m, the Abrams at 5000m, and the M113 Gavin has to be able to fire at about 12,500m. Sniper Ranges – The best places to hit a tank are to engage it at a very short range using an anti-tank guided missile, a tank-killing rocket launcher (TKL) or an artillery shell; this also puts the tank to sleep, rendering it useless as a weapon. Tank Destroys – If an enemy tank is too close to a bunker or other safe position, it’s killed by an how to draw cars step by step video for multiplication expressions, cars 1 2 3 drawing, how to draw cars 3 logo blank template, how to draw cars 3 very easy jackson storm toys back, how to draw cars for kids black and white clipart rose
What are the doctrines and dogmas of the Church? The doctrines of the Church are teachings or sets of beliefs which must be believed by the followers of the religion. Doctrines include dogmas and other teachings definitively proposed by the Church. Dogma is doctrines of divine faith since they are defined as formally revealed by God. What are the 7 dogmas of the Catholic Church? They are baptism, confirmation, the Eucharist, reconciliation (penance), anointing of the sick, marriage, and holy orders. This number was confirmed by the Council of Trent against the Protestant reformers, who maintained that there were only two sacraments (baptism and the Eucharist). What are the doctrines of Catholic Church? What are the 10 doctrines? Terms in this set (10) • Theology Proper. Doctrine of God the Father. • Bibliology. Doctrine of the Bible. • Anthropology. Doctrine of Man. • Angelology. Doctrine of Angels. • Hamartiology. Doctrine of sin. • Soteriology. Doctrine of salvation. • Christology. Doctrine of Christ. • Ecclesiology. Doctrine of the Church. IT IS INTERESTING: Your question: What age was Jesus when he died on the cross? What are the doctrines of Christianity? What is the difference between dogmas and doctrine? Dogma is the divinely revealed truth, declared as such by the infallible teaching authority of the Church. Doctrine is teachings or beliefs taught by the Magisterium of the Church. … This is the main difference between dogma and doctrine. Why do Catholic believe in Mary? Roman Catholics believe the doctrine of the Assumption, which teaches that at the end of her life, Mary, the mother of Christ, was taken body and soul (i.e. both physically and spiritually) into heaven to live with her son (Jesus Christ) for ever. Is praying to Mary blasphemy? Diary of a Protestant
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Beyond Toleration : The Religious Origins of American Pluralism: The Religious Origins of American Pluralism Front Cover Oxford University Press, USA, Sep 25, 2006 - Religion - 320 pages At its founding, the United States was one of the most religiously diverse places in the world. Baptists, Methodists, Catholics, Episcopalians, Presbyterians, Congregationalists, Quakers, Dutch Reformed, German Reformed, Lutherans, Huguenots, Dunkers, Jews, Moravians, and Mennonites populated the nations towns and villages. Dozens of new denominations would emerge over the succeeding years. What allowed people of so many different faiths to forge a nation together? In this richly told story of ideas, Chris Beneke demonstrates how the United States managed to overcome the religious violence and bigotry that characterized much of early modern Europe and America. The key, Beneke argues, did not lie solely in the protection of religious freedom. Instead, he reveals how American culture was transformed to accommodate the religious differences within it. The expansion of individual rights, the mixing of believers and churches in the same institutions, and the introduction of more civility into public life all played an instrumental role in creating the religious pluralism for which the United States has become renowned. These changes also established important precedents for future civil rights movements in which dignity, as much as equality, would be at stake. Beyond Toleration is the first book to offer a systematic explanation of how early Americans learned to live with differences in matters of the highest importance to them --and how they found a way to articulate these differences civilly. Today when religious conflicts once again pose a grave danger to democratic experiments across the globe, Beneke's book serves as a timely reminder of how one country moved past toleration and towards religious pluralism. From inside the book What people are saying - Write a review We haven't found any reviews in the usual places. And the Rise of Toleration Americas First Great Awakening The Ordeal of Religious Integration The Rise of Religious Liberty Religious Pluralism in the Founding of the Republic Mingle with Us as Americans Religious Pluralism after the Founding Other editions - View all Common terms and phrases References to this book Bibliographic information
...the who's who, and the what's what of the space industry Space Careers news Space News Search News Archive Article text • Home • News • NASA turns to the cloud for help with next-generation Earth missions Written by Wednesday, 13 October 2021 18:03 Write a comment The state-of-the-art Earth science satellites launching in the near future will be generating unprecedented quantities of data on our planet’s vital signs. Cloud computing will help researchers make the most of those troves of information. Credit: NASA Earth Observatory As satellites collect larger and larger amounts of data, engineers and researchers are implementing solutions to manage these huge increases. The cutting-edge Earth science satellites launching in the next couple of years will give more detailed views of our planet than ever before. We'll be able to track small-scale ocean features like coastal currents that move nutrients vital to marine food webs, monitor how much fresh water flows through lakes and rivers, and spot movement in Earth's surface of less than half an inch (a centimeter). But these satellites will also produce a deluge of data that has engineers and scientists setting up systems in the cloud capable of processing, storing, and analyzing all of that digital information. "About five or six years ago, there was a realization that future Earth missions were going to be generating a huge volume of data and that the systems we were using would become inadequate very quickly," said Suresh Vannan, manager of the Physical Oceanography Distributed Active Archive Center based at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Southern California. The center is one of several under NASA's Earth Science Data Systems program responsible for processing, archiving, documenting, and distributing data from the agency's Earth-observing satellites and field projects. The program has been working for several years on a solution to the information-volume challenge by moving its data and data-handling systems from local servers to the cloud—software and computing services that run on the internet instead of locally on someone's machine. Part of the SWOT satellite’s science instrument payload sits in a clean room at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory during assembly. By measuring the height of the water in the planet's ocean, lakes, and rivers, researchers can track the volume and location of the finite resource around the world. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech The Sentinel-6 Michael Freilich satellite, part of the U.S.-European Sentinel-6/Jason-CS (Continuity of Service) mission, is the first NASA satellite to utilize this cloud system, although the amount of data the spacecraft sends back isn't as large as the data many future satellites will return. Two of those forthcoming missions, SWOT and NISAR, will together produce roughly 100 terabytes of data a day. One terabyte is about 1,000 gigabytes—enough digital storage for approximately 250 feature-length movies. SWOT, short for Surface Water and Ocean Topography, will produce about 20 terabytes of science data a day while the NISAR (NASA-Indian Space Research Organization Synthetic Aperture Radar) mission will generate roughly 80 terabytes daily. Data from SWOT will be archived with the Physical Oceanography Distributed Active Archive Center while data from NISAR will be handled by the Alaska Satellite Facility Distributed Active Archive Center. NASA's current Earth science data archive is around 40 petabyes (1 petabyte is 1,000 terabytes), but by 2025—a couple of years after SWOT and NISAR are launched—the archive is expected to hold more than 245 petabytes of data. Both NISAR and SWOT will use radar-based instruments to gather information. Targeting a 2023 launch, NISAR will monitor the planet's surface, collecting data on environmental characteristics including shifts in the land associated with earthquakes and volcanic eruptions, changes to Earth's ice sheets and glaciers, and fluctuations in agricultural activities, wetlands, and the size of forests. Part of the NISAR satellite rests in a thermal vacuum chamber at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in August 2020. The Earth satellite will track subtle changes in the planet's surface as small as 0.4 inches. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech Set for a 2022 launch, SWOT will monitor the height of the planet's surface water, both ocean and freshwater, and will help researchers compile the first survey of the world's fresh water and small-scale ocean currents. SWOT is being jointly developed by NASA and the French space agency Centre National d'Etudes Spatial. "This is a new era for Earth observation missions, and the huge amount of data they will generate requires a new era for data handling," said Kevin Murphy, chief science data officer for NASA's Science Mission Directorate. "NASA is not just working across the agency to facilitate efficient access to a common cloud infrastructure, we're also training the science community to access, analyze, and use that data." Faster downloads Currently, Earth science satellites send data back to ground stations where engineers turn the raw information from ones and zeroes into measurements that people can use and understand. Processing the raw data increases the file size, but for older missions that send back relatively smaller amounts of information, this isn't a huge problem. The measurements are then sent to a data archive that keeps the information on servers. In general, when a researcher wants to use a dataset, they log on to a website, download the data they want, and then work with it on their machine. However, with missions like SWOT and NISAR, that won't be feasible for most scientists. If someone wanted to download a day's worth of information from SWOT onto their computer, they'd need 20 laptops, each capable of storing a terabyte of data. If a researcher wanted to download four days' worth of data from NISAR, it would take about a year to perform on an average home internet connection. Working with data stored in the cloud means scientists won't have to buy huge hard drives to download the data or wait months as numerous large files download to their system. "Processing and storing high volumes of data in the cloud will enable a cost-effective, efficient approach to the study of big-data problems," said Lee-Lueng Fu, JPL project scientist for SWOT. Infrastructure limitations won't be as much of a concern, either, since organizations won't have to pay to store mind-boggling amounts of data or maintain the physical space for all those hard drives. "We just don't have the additional physical server space at JPL with enough capacity and flexibility to support both NISAR and SWOT," said Hook Hua, a JPL science data systems architect for both missions. NASA engineers have already taken advantage of this aspect of cloud computing for a proof-of-concept product using data from Sentinel-1. The is an ESA (European Space Agency) mission that also looks at changes to Earth's surface, although it uses a different type of radar instrument than the ones NISAR will use. Working with Sentinel-1 data in the cloud, engineers produced a colorized map showing the change in Earth's surface from more vegetated areas to deserts. "It took a week of constant computing in the cloud, using the equivalent of thousands of machines," said Paul Rosen, JPL project scientist for NISAR. "If you tried to do this outside the cloud, you'd have had to buy all those thousands of machines." Cloud computing won't replace all of the ways in which researchers work with science , but at least for Earth science, it's certainly gaining ground, said Alex Gardner, a NISAR science team member at JPL who studies glaciers and sea level rise. He envisions that most of his analyses will happen elsewhere in the near future instead of on his laptop or personal server. "I fully expect in five to 10 years, I won't have much of a hard drive on my and I will be exploring the new firehose of in the cloud," he said. More information: To explore NASA's publicly available datasets, visit data.nasa.gov/ Citation: NASA turns to the cloud for help with next-generation Earth missions (2021, October 13) retrieved 13 October 2021 from https://phys.org/news/2021-10-nasa-cloud-next-generation-earth-missions.html Read more from original source... You must login to post a comment. Be the first to comment. * Denotes Required Field Personal information Interested in Space? Hit the buttons below to follow us...
Happy family Find a legal form in minutes The Concept of Jurisdiction A court’s general authority to hear and/or “adjudicate” a legal matter is referred to as its “jurisdiction.” In the United States, jurisdiction is granted to a court or court system by statute or by constitution. A court is competent to hear and decide only those cases whose subject matter fits within the court’s jurisdiction. A legal decision made by a court that did not have proper jurisdiction is deemed void and nonbinding upon the litigants. Jurisdiction may be referred to as “exclusive,” “original,” concurrent, general, or limited. Federal court jurisdiction may be “exclusive” over certain matters or parties (to the exclusion of any other forum) or may be “concurrent” and shared with state courts. In matters where both federal and state courts have concurrent jurisdiction, state courts may hear federal law claims (e.g., violations of civil rights), and parties bringing suit may choose the forum. However, when a plaintiff raises both state and federal claims in a state court, the defendant may be able to “remove” the case to a federal court. Inside The Concept of Jurisdiction
May 17: Blessed John Ziatyk Blessed John (Ivan) Ziatyk was born in Poland in 1899 and was ordained a Catholic priest of the Greek rite. He entered the Redemptorist order in 1935 and became well known as a preacher. During the Nazi occupation of Poland, John served as prior in a monastery. After World War II, he became Vicar General of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church—but primarily because all of his superiors had been arrested or expelled by the Communist government. In 1950, the facts that he continued to remain faithful to the Church and was a Redemptorist priest were sufficient to cause him to be arrested, imprisoned, and sentenced to a labor camp. While in a camp in Irkhutsk, Russia, he was beaten so badly that he died three days later; it was Easter Sunday, May 17, 1952. Blessed John, help me to forgive with the heart of Christ. Posted in Saint of the day and tagged , .
Penguin Facts Published: 04 Nov 2020 Modified: 22 Dec 2020 Penguin Facts Penguins have a famous reputation as the best-dressed birds of the wild. Aside from their cute appearances, they also excel in their incredible aquatic abilities. However, they often behave in manners that can surprise many others. For all their similarities, different species of penguins often act a bit differently from one another. Find out more about these aquatic animals today with these fun penguin facts. 1. Scientists have discovered 17 to 20 penguin species in total. 2. The first penguin was discovered in the year 1840 during the French Antarctic expedition. 3. They spend nearly 50% of their lives in the water and the other 50% on land. 4. On average, an adult penguin grows up to 1.1 meters tall. 5. The average weight of an adult penguin is around 77 lbs or 35 kg. 1. Penguins belong to the Animalia kingdom as part of the Chordata phylum. 2. Penguins are considered to be flightless and aquatic birds. 3. These birds breed on land. 4. These birds belong to the Aves class. 5. Many penguins feed by hunting for fish, squids, shrimps, and other forms of sea life. 6. The Galapagos Penguin can be found in the Galapagos Islands near the earth’s equator. 7. The smallest penguin species is known as the little blue penguin or the fairy penguin. 8. Larger penguins are found in colder regions, while smaller penguins are found in temperate zones. 9. A prehistoric species of Penguin could grow as large as the average human and match its weight. 10. The word penguin can be traced to Latin and Dutch origins despite being a French discovery. 1. Penguins are excellent swimmers. 2. These birds live nearly exclusively in the Southern Hemisphere. 3. Penguins are highly adapted to living in the water. 4. The word penguin first appeared in the 16th century as a synonym to the word great auk 5. Male penguins are called cocks, while female penguins are called hens. Table of Contents Penguins were once called ‘weird geese’ when they were first discovered. When the first penguins were discovered in the French expedition, a voyager named Antonio Pigafetta described the birds as “strange geese.” At the time, historians believed that these creatures were found around the area of Punta Tombo in Argentina. However, some also believe that penguins did not originate from Argentina, instead coming from the islands of Australia or New Zealand. Penguin skeletons are unique from other birds. All known penguins are found to have a skeleton with many of the bones in their fins shorter and flatter than the rest of the body. Compared to other bird species in the world, most penguins’ bones also come fused together. Similarly, a penguin’s elbow joint and wrist bone are also nearly merged. Of all the bones in a penguin’s body, their legs are considered to be the hardest and most durable, often staying intact after the penguin’s death. On average, a penguin can swim 4 to 7 miles per hour. Since they prey on mostly aquatic animals, penguins have to be good swimmers. The fastest swimming penguin species is known to be the Pygoscelis Papua which can swim at speeds up to 22 miles per hour. This is faster than the top swimming speed of the Emperor penguin, which averages speeds of 7.6 miles per hour. Penguins don't have any teeth at all. Instead of chewing, penguins catch their prey with their bills and swallow them whole. When a penguin eats, they use their barbed tongues and throats to consume their prey such as fish and crustaceans. On average, a penguin will eat around 2 to 5 kg worth of fish per day, or even more during mating seasons. During these times, a penguin can eat as much as 6 to 7 kg of food per day. A group of penguins found in the water is called a raft. Depending on the given situation, a group of penguins can be called by different names. When they are found grouped in the water, the group of penguins is called a raft due to its resemblance to a floatation device. However, when the penguins gather on land, they are referred to as a colony or a huddle. Some may also refer to a large group of penguins as a waddle or even a rookery. Many penguins species remain undiscovered. Scientists have debated whether more subspecies of penguins exist or not. However, due to the many similarities between penguin species, it is difficult to tell for sure. There have also been many other studies that suggest how some penguin species might belong to a different group based on their surroundings and diets. Penguin Facts Source: Pexels Many penguin couples can locate each other using distinct calls. Several studies have shown that a penguin can produce a unique noise that its mate can recognize among all the other calls from its group. Scientists refer to this as the ‘Cocktail Party Effect,’ which lets the penguins focus on a particular noise while filtering out all other distractions such as background noises. This effect also applies to young penguins and their parents when they are trying to locate each other through a large crowd. The parents can quickly recognize their young from all other penguins based on the type of noises they have been making since their hatching. In the Batman series, The Penguin is one of Batman’s most famous enemies. Known to the public as Oswald Chesterfield Cobblepot, Penguin is considered to be one of Batman’s most enduring villains. In the storyline, the Penguin acts as a criminal mobster who calls himself the Gentleman of Crime, often seen commanding an army of thugs and minions. The Penguin is also typically seen in a tuxedo suit and a large top hat with an umbrella custom made to act as a weapon. He also sports a monocle in many of the adaptations, sharing many distinctive features with his namesake such as his sharp teeth and beak-like nose. A penguin’s ‘suit’ acts as a camouflage when swimming. When a penguin goes underwater, its black and white feathers double as camouflage from other sea life and stronger predators. Its black upper coat hides the penguin predators above, blends in with the water. Additionally, its white front appears like the bright sky when seen from below, which hides the penguin from creatures that are located deeper in the sea. This allows a penguin to swiftly maneuver around without being noticed too much and allows it to hunt successfully when hungry. Penguins are considered to be very social creatures. Among the many bird species, penguins are considered to be one of the most social birds in the group. All penguin species live in groups, commonly swimming and feeding in large groups to interact with one another. Other penguin species such as the Emperor penguin have also been found to coordinate their diving while swimming or hunting for food as well. A single penguin colony can have as much as a few hundred penguins to several thousand individuals. Fatter penguins are considered to be better mates. During mating season, researchers have found that fatter penguins tend to have more mates than slimmer ones. When a male penguin is ready to mate, they strut around the female while exhibiting a mating call to attract the female of the species. Once a female has chosen their mate, they touch necks and slap each other with their flippers to indicate a mutual liking. Females typically choose pudgier males because of how much more compatible they are with raising and protecting their eggs and young chicks. Penguin Facts Source: Pexels Many penguins jump in the air first before diving into the water. These birds commonly do this so that they can swim faster and create momentum for when they dive into the water. Just before they dive, penguins also release air bubbles from their feathers which, allows them to sink better as they jump. On average, penguins typically dive from around 15 to 20 meters high from the air before landing in the water. Often, these penguins will also jump from small cliffs if there is one nearby. Penguins typically build nests out of pebbles. When creating the base of their nests, penguins make a line of depression in the ground to outline where their collected pebbles will go. The stones help protect their eggs from the surface once the snow melts and floods their surroundings. Some penguin species are also known to steal pebbles and rocks from other nests and add them to their own. At times, this may also cause conflict with other penguins as they are considered to be protective of their young eggs. How’s that for interesting penguin facts? Most penguin species will mate for life. On average, a penguin reaches maturity around 3 to 8 years from hatching. Once they reach this age, they are ready to mate with another penguin which will become their life mate. However, some research has stated that other penguin species such as the Emperor Penguin will be serially monogamous. Instead of mating for life, these penguins would only stay together for one season before moving onto another partner. Club Penguin is one of the world’s most popular penguin-based online games in history. Classified as a Mass Multiplayer Online Game (MMO), Club Penguin first released in 2005. The game involved a virtual world where players would create and dress up their penguin characters and interact with one another. The game grew in popularity among younger children, creating a trend in modern pop culture. However, despite its popularity, the game eventually got discontinued in 2017. The skeleton of a penguin also allows them to be better divers. Much research has shown that due to the unique bone structure that penguins have, they can swim better than any other bird species in the world. Each of a penguin’s feathers has small muscles that allow them to be tightly held down and controlled when diving. In turn, this affects penguins’ extraordinary speed and power while swimming. Penguin Facts Source: Pexels Penguins commonly huddle with one another to seek warmth. During the harsh winter months, you’d commonly see the penguins in Antarctica huddling together for warmth. This act also allows them to better incubate their eggs and protect their young from the cold weather On average, these large groups will typically shuffle around every 30 to 60 seconds so that each individual can cycle through the warmth. Inside the huddle, these penguins generate a heat of 70°F (21.11°C) at the center. Now there’s one for adorable penguin facts. Emperor penguins can hold their breath underwater for an average of 20 minutes. Because of this amazing ability, they are considered to be the best divers among all other penguin species. Emperor penguins are also able to dive up to 500 meters below the surface making them one of the most successful hunters in the penguin world. Some Emperor penguins have also been recorded to dive even deeper and for longer periods, reaching nearly 30 minutes without coming up for air. Penguins can drink seawater to survive. One of the coolest penguin facts is that these birds can survive by drinking both fresh and saltwater. Penguins can survive on saline water thanks to a special gland in their bodies located around their eye sockets. These glands extract the excess salt from their blood and are excreted as a salty fluid through their nasal passages. The Emperor Penguin incubates its eggs while on their feet. Once a penguin couple has eggs, the male stays behind to incubate the egg while the female goes out to hunt. The male penguin incubates their eggs by nestling them in the folds under their bodies, keeping them until they hatch. While traveling, most penguins will also carry around their eggs between their legs to stay warm. After the egg hatches, the young penguin will typically find warmth under their parents until it has reached maturity. Source: Pexels Penguins created a popular movie trend. Due to many successful penguin-themed films such as Happy Feet and The Pebble and The Penguin, the penguin-related genre has become a hit in modern pop culture. Other animal-based movies such as the Madagascar series also led to the genre becoming more popular, eventually giving the famous penguin group their own spin-off series.dda The molting process takes around 2 to 3 weeks to complete for penguins. When a penguin begins to molt its feathers, they will typically go through a stage called a ‘catastrophic molt’. Throughout this process, the penguin loses all of its feathers which leaves it unable to hunt or swim for 3 weeks. The process starts once, a penguin appears to have fluffier patches all around its body, gradually thinning out as the feathers molt. The average lifespan of a penguin differs per species. Generally, the life expectancy of a typical penguin falls between 15 to 20 years. Some penguin species such as the Emperor penguin will live considerably longer, while other smaller species typically have shorter lifespans. There is also a large mortality rate among young penguins when winter starvation forces stronger and more mature penguins to feed on their young. Definitely one of the darker penguin facts. Many penguins glide from one location to the other instead of walking. When penguins waddle to their destination, they exert twice as much energy compared to when they swim in the water. In turn, this becomes very exhausting for them, leaving them with less energy for hunting. When gliding, a penguin uses less energy to reach their destinations much quicker. Additionally, penguins would also glide around areas while looking for new nesting grounds. Penguins have a special gland in their bodies that produce oil. Found at the base of their tails, penguins evolved with a specially-equipped uropygial gland or preen oil gland. Some people also refer to this as the preen oil or the penguin oil gland. Typically, this gland has antibacterial properties help regulate a penguin’s body heat while swimming. This also helps the birds stay healthy and get rid of dirt or debris from their feathers. Source: Pexels Generally, penguins behave comfortably around humans. Due to their social nature, penguins are quite comfortable around other creatures that dwell on the land – including people. Due to this, penguins do not see humans as a threat, instead taking a curious interest in them. Some penguins will also dig out a burrow for themselves to stay in. On occasion, when a penguin seeks warmth, it will dig out a burrow for itself or its egg. Some burrows double as an underground passageway, where they safely store their eggs and hide from predators during the night. In this scenario, the male and female take turns incubating their egg for around 8 to 9 weeks until they hatch. Penguins can also dive as deep as 800 feet under the water. While most penguins can only dive between 300 to 500 feet deep into the water, other species have shown that they can go further with no signs of difficulty. However, this does not appear to be common among the many penguin species apart from Emperor Penguins. Leopard seals are a penguin's worst enemy. In the Antarctic region, penguins face the biggest threat in the form of leopard seals. Using their powerful jaws, leopard seals easily rip apart and kill their prey. Typically, leopard seals wait for their prey underneath the ice, catching them as they leap into the water. Scientists can find large groups of penguins from space using their poop. When a colony of penguins is made up of thousands of members, it becomes increasingly easier for satellites to find them. This also includes the excrement that these birds leave behind which lets scientists track them as the colony moves to different locations to find new nesting grounds. Now, there’s one for amusing penguin facts.
Home » Covid-19 Facts: 10 Countries that handled pandemic intelligently Covid-19 Facts: 10 Countries that handled pandemic intelligently Covid cases may come in third wave Sharing is Important Ground Report \| New Delhi: The novel Covid virus has crept its way across the globe for over a year now, resulting in more than 170 million cases and over 3.5 million deaths. Some countries have dealt with these chaotic months better than others. Lockdowns were imposed at different times, various strategies were considered, and restrictions varied in severity from the government to government Here are top 10 countries who handled the corona pandemic wisely 1. Mauritius (1,375 cases, 18 deaths) The first three COVID-19 cases were detected on 18 March 2020, and the borders were swiftly closed the following day. This was followed by a curfew, imposed on 20 March 2020, which evolved into a complete lockdown just four days later. Overall, strong leadership from political figures guided Mauritius to success. On 31 January 2020, a High-Level COVID-19 Committee was created to monitor local and international cases. The team, chaired by the Prime Minister, included ministers in charge of Health and Wellness, Foreign Affairs, Regional Integration and International Trade, and Tourism. The government also tried something not considered by some other political parties around the globe: it listened to the public. Several feedback mechanisms were put in place to understand public perception of COVID-19, including a coronavirus hotline, social media monitoring, and regular feedback from the Mauritius Police Force. They worked so wisely in controlling pandemics. 2. New Zealand (2,673 cases, 26 deaths) On 28 January 2020, the Ministry of Health set up the National Health Coordination Centre (NHCC) to respond to the outbreak. An Infectious and Notifiable Diseases Order was issued to take effect from 30 January 2020, which required health practitioners to report any suspected cases under the Health Act 1956. This was the first barrier of protection for New Zealand. Travel restrictions to and from other countries were imposed as early as February 2020, and on 23 March 2020, New Zealand committed to an elimination strategy. The country had reported 102 cases and 0 deaths when Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern announced that New Zealand was going to rapidly escalate levels of social distancing and travel restrictions, reaching the level of a full national lockdown on 26 March 2020. Over a year since New Zealand’s first lockdown and the country is still swift to respond to new cases. In November, health authorities partially shut down the central city of Auckland, asking workers in the city to stay home after just one student became infected with COVID-19. READ: YouTube bans all anti-vaccine content 3. Iceland (6,555 cases, 29 deaths) Health officials rushed in to contain the spread earlier than most countries, whilst the government quickly built a team of contact tracers. This team would interview those with a positive diagnosis, and track down people they’d been in contact with. As a result, the country has not faced one of the large-scale lockdowns seen across the world. 4. Singapore (62,051 cases, 33 deaths) Timely preparation, aggressive testing, tracing of carriers, and a bit of luck has helped limit the impact of COVID-19 in Singapore. The city-state’s comparatively small population of 5.7 million people and experience of SARS in 2003 gave it the upper hand against the encroaching virus. The government tightened border controls almost immediately after the disease first erupted in China – whilst also providing a clear public communication strategy. In fact, more than 90% of Singapore’s cases at the beginning of the lockdown were low-wage foreign workers living in dormitories. The government also announced that pupils over the age of seven must use the city state’s contact-tracing app or wearable device from December 2020 onwards, to combat the transmission of COVID-19 to older family members. 5. Vietnam (7,432 cases, 47 deaths) The country brought in travel restrictions, closely monitored and eventually closed the border with China, and increased health checks at borders. Schools were closed for the Lunar New Year holiday at the end of January 2020 and remained closed until mid-May. Plus, a vast and labor-intensive contact tracing operation went underway immediately. Vietnam’s strategy worked extremely well – at least until July when an outbreak of the virus in Danang led to over 450 cases being reported in just one weekend. Fortunately, the government was ready to respond and decided to evacuate around 80,000 visitors in the city –where they were flown home promptly. 6. Taiwan 1 reported Covid-19 death per 3,366,140 people Taiwan also provided intensive support, including stipends, to patients with Covid-19 and people with whom they had come into contact, helping to increase adherence to public health recommendations. These early actions were pivotal in keeping Taiwan to fewer than 800 cases all year, while avoiding lockdowns. The U.S. now has more cases and a death every 5 minutes than Taiwan has had all year. 7. South Korea READ: How many civilians killed this year in Kashmir, when this will stop? 1 reported Covid-19 death per 63,290 people When it became clear that people without symptoms could spread Covid-19, South Korea tested early and aggressively, conducting more than twice as many tests per capita as other countries in the pandemic’s first weeks. Along with other measures, including extensive and highly effective contact tracing and quarantine, this kept cases from increasing rapidly 8. Finland 1 reported Covid-19 death per 10,510 people A few countries have fought rumors and distrust by sharing information with the public widely and openly. Finland, helped by its high media literacy, was able to build on a 2014 initiative that educated people about how to counter false information. One Finnish project partners with social media influencers to spread accurate information on digital platforms. 9. Hong Kong 1 reported Covid-19 death per 54,810 people Hong Kong has one of the highest population densities in the world, yet it kept cases low by establishing mandatory isolation protocols and quarantine centers for people with Covid-19 and those who came in close contact with them. 10. Denmark, 1 reported Covid-19 death per 4,970 people Some countries excelled at protecting people economically and socially. In Denmark, the government has covered a portion of employees’ salaries in private companies to avoid large-scale layoffs. Notable mentions go to India, the European Union, and Australia, which quickly provided income supplements to lower-income people using electronic cash transfers. Colombia went out of its way to protect vulnerable Venezuelan migrants, who weren’t eligible for cash transfers, by establishing shelters and food centers.
Friday, August 30, 2019 Torsion Testing Table of Contents Abstract3 1. 0 Introduction3 2. 0 Experiment Design4 2. 1 Apparatus5 2. 2 Methods5 2. 3 Procedure6 3. 0 Results and Discussion7 4. 0 Error Analysis13 5. 0 Conclusion and Recommendation13 6. 0 References14 Abstract In this torsion testing experiment, the torsion test was evaluated as a system for calculating the torsional rigidity (GJ), modulus of rigidity (G) and the shear yield stress (? ) for aluminium, mild steel and brass. The both ends of the cylindrical specimen are tightened to hexagonal sockets, which one is fixed to a torque shaft and another is fixed to an input shaft.By turning the input handwheel, the twisting moment has applied to produce the torque until the specimen fails. In the end of the experiment, it shows that the comparison of the behaviour of ductile and brittle materials under torsion. 1. 0 Introduction The responses of metals were deal by mechanical testing to applied forces. This testing includes torsion, tension, hardness, fatigue, creep a nd stress rupture, and impact tests. Torsion occurs when any shaft is subjected to a torque. The torque causes the shaft to twist. This makes one of the ends to rotate relative to the other; shear stress is induced on any cross section.Besides that, torsion testing is made on materials to determine modulus of elasticity in shear, torsion yield strength and the modulus of ruptures. The shearing stress at any point on a transverse cross section varies directly proportional as the distance from the centre of the shaft, when a simple circular solid shaft is twisted. Therefore, during twisting, the cross section is initially planar remains a plane and rotates only about the axis of the shaft. 2. 0 Experiment Design Figure 7: 360 degree protractor scale Figure 6: Three specimen mild steel (top), brass (middle), and aluminium (bottom) after experiment.Figure 5: Three specimen mild steel (top), brass (middle), and aluminium (bottom) before experiment. Figure 2: Torque meter Figure 3: Deflec tion arm, dial gauge, levelling handwheel and linear potential meter Figure 4: Input handwheel with 6 degree protractor scale Figure 1: Torsion testing machine 2. 1 Apparatus There were only few apparatus and materials involved in this experiment, such as: 1) 3 pieces of specimens (Aluminium, brass and mild steel) 2) Vernier Caliper 3) Torsion Testing Equipment 2. 2 Methods Firstly the apparatus was set up as shown in Figure 1.The torque meter was switched on to allow the reading appear on the screen which connected to the torsion testing machine. Three specimens was carried out, mild steel, brass and aluminium. Each specimen was placed at the hexagonal sockets and it was tightened with the deflection arm. The handwheel was turn 90 degree each time to take the reading for angle of twist from the 360 protractor scale and torque from the torque meter of each specimen. Therefore, 12 readings were taken and evenly distributed. After taking the 12 readings, the handwheel was continuously turned until the specimen was fracture.By the time the specimen was fractured, this shows that the maximum torque and the maximum angle of twist of the specimen. All the readings were recorded in a table form and calculations were done using the equations shown at section Results and Discussion. 2. 3 Procedure 1. The specimen as shown in figure 2 below was used for testing. The mild steel specimen was mounted on the torsion testing machine at position no. 4. 2. It was made sure that on the specimen there was no preload. Before starting the experiment, the hand wheel at the input of the worm gear was turned when necessary until the read out of the amplifier is zero.There was still zero error on the amplifier. 3. Both the indicators at the input and output shaft of the worm gear was set to zero. 4. The dial gauge of the compensation unit was set to zero. 5. The revolution counter was reset. 6. The hand wheel was turned through 90Ã‚ ° and the Scale Reading at Worm gear input was recor ded in revolution(degrees) and the torque value was recorded in digital torque meter(6). 3. 0 Results and Discussion T/J = ? /R = G? /L Torsion equation TJ= G? L G=TLJ? ?=? d^432 Where T = Torque applied, Nm G = shear modulus, N/mm2 J = Polar moment of inertia, mm2 ? = Angle of twist, radianL = Gauge Length, mm ? = shear stress, N/mm2 r = radius of the cylindrical bar, mm J=? d432=? (5)432=61. 36mm2 1) For mild steel, for example using point (7. 25, 17) G=TLJ? =7. 25(115)61. 36 0. 2974=45. 80N/mm2 ?=TRJ=7. 25(2. 5)61. 36=0. 295N/mm2 For brass, for example using point (5. 85, 17) G=TLJ? =5. 85(115)61. 36(0. 297)=36. 95N/mm2 ?=TRJ=5. 85(2. 5)61. 36=0. 238N/mm2 2) Torsional rigidity is ratio of torque applied about the centroidal axis of a bar at one end of the bar to the resulting torsional angle, when other end is held fixed means torsional rigidity =torqueangle For mild steel, Torsional rigidity = 7. 2517=0. 26 For brass, Torsional rigidity = 5. 8517=0. 344 Therefore, torsional rigi dity of mild steel is higher than brass. 3) Specimen: Mild Steel Scale Reading at Worm gear input in Revolution (degrees)\| Angle of Twist of Specimen (col. 1/62)\| Torque (N. m)\| 90\| 0\| 0. 05\| 180\| 0\| 0. 05\| 270\| 2\| 0. 05\| 360\| 4\| 0. 05\| 450\| 5\| 0. 10\| 540\| 8\| 0. 10\| 630\| 9\| 0. 10\| 720\| 10\| 0. 35\| 810\| 11\| 1. 25\| 900\| 12\| 2. 85\| 990\| 14\| 5. 00\| 1080\| 17\| 7. 25\| Until fracture\| 4092\| 21. 05\| Specimen: Brass Scale Reading at Worm gear input in Revolution (degrees)\| Angle of Twist of Specimen (col. 1/62)\| Torque (N. m)\| 90\| 1\| 0. 05\| 180\| 4\| 0. 5\| 270\| 5\| 0. 15\| 360\| 6\| 0. 55\| 450\| 7\| 1. 00\| 540\| 8\| 1. 80\| 630\| 9\| 2. 80\| 720\| 11\| 3. 95\| 810\| 14\| 4. 95\| 900\| 15\| 5. 55\| 990\| 16\| 5. 80\| 1080\| 17\| 5. 85\| Until fracture\| 1047\| 14. 50\| Specimen: Aluminium Scale Reading at Worm gear input in Revolution (degrees)\| Angle of Twist of Specimen (col. 1/62)\| Torque (N. m)\| 90\| 1\| 0. 05\| 180\| 2\| 0. 15\| 270\| 4\| 0. 20\| 360\| 6\| 0. 30\| 450\| 8\| 0. 45\| 540\| 9\| 0. 85\| 630\| 10\| 1. 40\| 720\| 11\| 2. 30\| 810\| 13 \| 3. 20\| 900\| 15\| 4. 20\| 990\| 17\| 5. 25\| 1080\| 18\| 6. 35\| Until fracture\| 311\| 13. 50\| Graph of torque against angle of twist of specimen (mild steel, brass and aluminium) ) Ductility is ability to deform under tensile stress when subject to stress; brittle materials absorb relatively little energy power to fracture. For ductile material, it will produce fracture surface along the plane of the maximum shear stress. For brittle material, the fracture plane is normal to the directions of tensile stress. Mild steel is the most ductile compared to brass and aluminium. Therefore, torque is the highest in mild steel. Aluminium is the most brittle compared to mild steel and brass. Therefore, torque is the lowest in aluminium. 5) Cast iron fractures more easily than mild steel.Mild steel need more revolution at the worm gear input to fracture the specimen. This is because cast iron is more brittle than mild steel, it is loss ductile. Cast iron has high carbon content causing it to be very b rittle and is weak in tension. 4. 0 Error Analysis From the results we obtained, there was a certain error happened. Firstly, the input handwheel with 6 degree protractor scale and the 360 degree protractor scale was not pointing at the zero reading. Thus, this causes zero error in the reading. Secondly, the deflection arm and levelling handwheel was tightened up with the specimen in between the shaft.However, the specimen was not really tight, which the specimen was not really sustained in the place, whereas it still turned while the handwheel was turning and the torque of the specimen was not accurate. Therefore, the readings obtained might deviate from the correct one. 5. 0 Conclusion and Recommendation To conclude, ductile materials have higher torsional rigidity, modulus of rigidity and shear yield stress and it fractures at higher value of angle of twist, whereas brittle materials have lower torsional rigidity, modulus of rigidity and shear yield stress and it fractures at low er value of angle of twist.In this experiment, it shows that mild steel is the most ductile material while aluminium is the most brittle material compared to mild steel and brass. To improve the results, it is important to keep the diameter constant and vary the length of the material to find the mean value so it is more accurate and the zero error is eliminated to find the actual value. The torsion testing machine should be changed, as it is old and less accurate. 6. 0 References 1) Ã¢â‚¬Å"Laboratory HandbookÃ¢â‚¬ , TaylorÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s University, 2012/2013. ) J. L. Meriam and L. G. Kraige, 2006, Engineering Mechanics Statics. 6th Ed. 3) http://www. scribd. com/doc/136565/Mechanics-of-Materials-Torsion-Test 4) http://www. ce. siue. edu/330L/Lab%20Help%20Desk/Metal%20Torsion%20Test/Metal%20Torsion. pdf 5) http://www. scribd. com/doc/50848950/4/TORSION-TEST-ON-MILD-STEEL-ROD 6) http://eng. sut. ac. th/metal/images/stories/pdf/Lab_4Torsion_Eng. pdf 7) http://encyclopedia2. thefreediction ary. com/torsional+rigidity No comments: Post a Comment
Joints make a lot of noise and sometimes it’s hard to know what’s the cause. Here’s all you need to know about joint noise. Joints are noisy. Especially as we get older. We’ve all experienced standing up after a long time sitting down and hearing startling snaps, crackles, and pops. Have you ever wondered what those noises mean? And have you ever wondered if they’re harmful? Why do my joints make noise? The older you get, the noisier your joints are. Joint noise becomes louder as cartilage breaks down as well. Joints make several different noises, and each means something different. Clicking and snapping Have you ever heard soft clicking in your elbow while lifting weights, doing pushups, or doing tricep dips? Soft clicking and snapping may be due to a tight muscle rubbing around the bone. Don’t worry, a little bit of stretching can help. Cracking and popping Tilt your head from side to side. Chances are, you heard a little crack. Draw a circle with your ankle. You probably heard a pop. Cracking and popping is usually caused by air bubbles in the fluid that surround and lubricate your joints. It is also often caused by the sliding of stretched ligaments off one bony surface to another. This type of joint noise is perfectly normal if not accompanied by pain. How can I avoid creaky joints? There is a reason that your joints are creaky after sitting down. Staying in a fixed position makes your joints stiffer and more prone to noise. Movement will naturally help lubricate the joints and help them stay moving smoothly. If you sit often, make sure that you get up at least once every hour. Exercising daily will also help keep the joints healthy and less noisy. When are joint noises harmful? Most joint noise is harmless. Recurring joint noise that is not accompanied by pain usually doesn’t have any abnormal or harmful cause. It usually just means that you’re not as young as you once were! One-time joint noise could be a different story. A sudden pop accompanied by pain could mean some kind of ligament tear, tendon strain, tendon tear, broken bone, or joint dislocation. If you hear a noise that’s outside of the ordinary snaps, crackles, or pops and feel pain, go see a healthcare professional. What can I do? Noisy joints are a part of getting older! Don’t be alarmed if they’re making a little more noise than usual. Be aware of how they feel. Start taking Ideal Collagen to help lubricate your joints. It will help you not to worry about a little snap, crackle, pop! E-Commerce powered by UltraCart
Dust: How much is too much? Jul 21, 2020 Dust in a property is normal and inescapable. It may seem that no matter how much you dust and clean, it always seems to build up again. At what point should you be concerned about it? This blog will talk about house dust and how it impacts health and indoor air quality. Where Does Dust Come From? House dust mostly consists of particles from the outdoors, with about one-third of the particles in dust coming from indoor sources such as fabric fibers, human skin cells, insects, and food debris, among others. Sometimes, clients call when they are concerned about the amount of dust in their property. They will say something like, “I clean my home but the very next day the dust is back!”. To figure out if there are average amounts in a property versus an excess amount, background information is first collected from the occupant. Pertinent information includes the following: details about construction in the property (or in a neighboring unit if it’s a multi-unit building), recent duct cleaning, any fires in the property or nearby, or recent HVAC maintenance — or lack thereof. Construction Dust If construction was recently completed, there may be residual dust from the work even if the contractor set up containment with plastic sheeting. Cutting drywall and sanding joint compound are just a few examples of activities that could generate small particles that could spill over from the construction area into other parts of the building. The smaller the particles, the longer they may stay airborne and travel farther within the property. Duct Cleaning The purpose of duct cleaning is to remove dust and debris from the ductwork and the HVAC system’s air handling unit. In this process, a lot of previously settled dust in the ductwork is loosened and cleaned out. However, it is possible for some of the stirred-up dust and debris from the cleaning process to float into the living spaces and cause some excess dust accumulation. This may be a short-term increase with possible longer-term decreases in particle levels. There is a certain amount of disagreement regarding the value of air duct cleaning. The EPA website has more information related to duct cleaning. HVAC Maintenance A common problem I see when there is excess dust in a home is the filter attached to the HVAC system. Sometimes property owners forget to change the filter and it no longer is serving much of a purpose. As time goes on, the filter gets clogged and the airlow finds it easier to bypass around the filter. Some systems have electronic air cleaners that need to be cleaned, but are often neglected. Other times, filters don’t properly fit in the rack, which can impact how well particles are removed from the air. Fine particles from fires can settle in living spaces and combine with other particles. Nearby wildfires in some parts of the country can add significant amounts of fine particles into the home. Also, wood stoves and fireplaces can contribute to the amount of fine particles in dust. Even small particles from cooking or outdoor vehicle emissions can contribute. Dead Zone If there is a particular area in a building that seems to struggle more with dust accumulation than others, it may be due to poor air circulation. The geometry of a room and the placement of HVAC supplies and returns can impact how air moves in a space. There may be a corner of the room that has very little air movement and a slow air velocity. When the air slows down, as is common in a corner, the particles suspended in the air will be more likely to settle out via gravity. This area with lower air circulation can be called a “dead zone”. Dust Levels in the Air When an occupant sees a lot of settled dust on furniture or other items inside, they may be concerned that they are breathing in a lot of dust or particles. To determine if there are elevated levels of respirable dust in the air, a handheld device called a laser particle counter can be used to measure the number of particles in the air. Generally speaking, particle sizes of less than 10 micrometers are a concern because they can get into the lungs and cause respiratory health effects. Particle sizes less than 2.5 micrometers are even more concerning with compared to larger-sized particles. Construction, fire, duct cleaning, or poor HVAC maintenance can impact the amount of dust in a property. If none of these apply to your property and the space is regularly cleaned, it may be because of a dead zone or it may just be a normal amount. If you are concerned about the number of respirable dust particles in the air, you can hire Indoor Science to take readings and determine if the levels are elevated in your building. Call us at (312) 920-9393 for a quote for this service!
Upset man suffering from strong eye pain. Healthcare concept, panorama How To Prevent Conjunctivitis? Penetration of a coronavirus particle into a human cell. Which Are The Immune Response Mechanisms? During normal immune response against disease the body significantly increases the amount of lymphocytes and cytokine cells utilized to get rid of microorganism and toxins. This discharge in lymphocytes and cytokines is regulated by the body’s secretion of prostaglandins close to the point of disease. Inflammation These prostagladins monitor the […] Do You Know What Systemic Yeast Infection Is? Garlic oil capsules/pills Are There Yeast Infection Cures? Is There A Candida Yeast Infection Diet? Hand holding medicine capsule pack at the pharmacy drugstore. Space for text What Is Candida Yeast Infection? The Candida yeast infection is a pathogenic fungus. You should know this fungus exists all around usit may be found on skins, in the gut, mouth or any other mucus membranes. These fungi turn into infectious factors when antibiotics or other factors cause an overgrowth of these fungi. Don’t fret […] What Is Systemic Yeast Infection?
Chat with us, powered by LiveChat Arguing Climate Change is Real – Climate change \| acewriters Arguing Climate Change is RealClimate change is a controversial topic, but one scientists clearly have plenty of data to prove. If there is so much data, why are there still critics of climate change? Search the Internet for one argument that climate change is not occurring â one that has not been posted by your classmates in the discussion. Clearly state the argument against in one sentence at the top of your post and make it bold so your classmates can find it easily. Below that describe the reasons for the argument against climate change, then present your argument for why climate change is real and what is wrong with the argument against it. Write this as if you were writing to the critic of climate change trying to change his mind. What approach would you take?Your initial posting should be 250-500 words error: Content is protected !!
Significant resources, including both human and financial capital, have been dedicated to developing and delivering food handler training programs to meet government and organizational mandates. Even with the plethora of food safety–oriented training programs, there is scant empirical evidence documenting effectiveness, suggesting the need to rethink the design and delivery of food safety training for food handlers. One underlying assumption of most training programs is that food handlers engage in unsafe practices because of lack of knowledge. As a result, many training curricula are designed to improve knowledge, assuming behavior will change as knowledge increases. However, food handlers often return to the work environment and try to implement the new knowledge with minimal success. One explanation for this is that the training context and the implementation context often differ, making it difficult for the food handler to transfer what they learned into practice. Understanding the connection between knowledge, the organization, and its environment is critical to knowledge implementation. The focus of this review is to describe a six-step knowledge-sharing model. Here, knowledge sharing is broadly defined as the process of creating and then using knowledge to change a practice or behavior. Our proposed knowledge-sharing model includes six steps: generation, adaptation, dissemination, reception, adoption, and implementation. We have organized this model into two dyads: (i) transfer between researcher (i.e., knowledge generators) and educator and (ii) transfer between educator and food handler (i.e., knowledge implementers). To put into practice this proposed model for developing and delivering effective food safety training for food handlers, we have provided suggested actions that can be performed within each step of the knowledge-sharing process. You do not currently have access to this content.
How to Improve Articulation in Singing How to Improve Articulation in Singing – Whether you are currently undergoing a profession as a singer or a music connoisseur in general, surely you have often heard the word “articulation”. However, what does articulation mean? In addition, some of you certainly understand what is meant by the general sense of articulation. However, how is it different from music? For those who don’t understand the meaning of articulation, let’s know what articulation is in general. Articulation is a method of pronouncing or pronouncing words that occur through changes in the cavities and spaces in the vocal tract to produce language sounds. You could say this articulation sense is a technique in producing sound through the mouth so that it can be heard clearly for understanding communication. In terms of articulation, it is also explained that this articulation area includes the lips to the vocal cords in the human body. The lips to the vocal cords play a role in producing phonemes from the vibrations of the vocal cords and changes in the position of the tongue in the mouth. So, this articulation is not only important for singers. For those of you who like public speaking, good articulation is needed too. How to Improve Articulation in Singing For musical matters, articulation is needed so that listeners can know the lyrics or stories conveyed by the vocalist or singer. You need to understand Superfriends, that a good sense of articulation for singers doesn’t only come from being able to reach high notes or having vocal techniques that are above average. The physical aspect of a singer or vocalist is also quite influential in the quality of the articulation delivered. In order for a singer to have a good sense of articulation, posture is one factor that is quite supportive and useful. In singing, it is recommended that singers or vocalists always get used to a straight body position. Sturdy does not mean being in a nervous state, yes Superfriends. Still have to be able to feel relaxed. Self-taught Articulation Practice In order to produce a clear sense of articulation to convey, you can also familiarize yourself with how to practice. Good articulation is enough to get the influence of good physical condition too. Here is an articulation exercise that you can try on your own. Keep a Straight Body The first to solve How to Improve Articulation in Singing is to Keep a straight body. This good posture is useful for helping air circulation in the body. As you know, that both singing and speaking, making a voice in the sense of articulation requires good air circulation as well. In terms of articulation, this upright position can be done as part of an exercise to clarify diction when singing. When doing this exercise, make sure your head is in an upright position with your eyes straight ahead. Straighten the spine. Make sure not to slouch. Then puff out your chest and pay attention to the steady and slightly loose footrests straight with your shoulders. Pay Attention to the Shape and Position of the Mouth Furthermore, in interpreting the meaning of articulation well, it is important for you to pay attention to the position of the mouth during practice. When singing or speaking, in order to get a clear articulation, make sure the position and shape of the mouth must be open properly. This is necessary so that air can get in and out easily into and from the oral cavity. The right proportion of air will help you in producing a clearer and clearer voice or vocals. Do not force to form the position of the mouth if it is difficult. Do it slowly and get used to doing facial exercises so that the muscles around the face are more relaxed and make it easier for your training process. Vocalist (How to Improve Articulation in Singing) As a singer or vocalist, it’s best if you do basic vocal exercises and articulation exercises at the same time. In terms of articulation, there are vocalization exercises you can try. This vocalization exercise is done so that you can sound the sounds of the letters into living letters and clearly hear what is being conveyed. Like pronouncing A, I, U, E, O. It is important for a singer or vocalist to do vocalist exercises to improve articulation sense. This exercise aims to make the pronunciation or pronunciation of vowels and consonants clearer and more melodious when sung. Of course, this exercise also needs to be followed by other vocal technique exercises. You may like this: Lip trill The Next to solve How to Improve Articulation in Singing is Lip Trill. It is generally a vocal technique that focuses on your lips and the movement of your mouth. With the shape of the lips and mouth that are more elastic, it is hoped that it will also help you to be able to articulate well. Lip trill is a vocal training technique that requires you to vibrate your lips constantly. The main purpose of this vocal training technique is so that the mouth can adjust the characteristics of the sound released by the vocal cords so that you can minimize the presence of a shrill voice and reduce the risk of damage to the vocal cords due to singing. This vocal training technique will teach you to produce sounds from the front of the oral cavity. So, you can maintain the health of the band and use it more efficiently. To learn this vocal training technique, first, you need to take a deep breath while closing your mouth. Then start vibrating the lips by exhaling slowly through the gaps of the lips. Maybe on the first try, you still can’t vibrate your lips constantly. However, it is natural to happen. Vocal practice with this technique does have a fairly high level of difficulty. Therefore, it is important for you to do this vocal exercise regularly every day.
DASD (direct access storage device) DASD, pronounced DAZ-dee (Direct access storage device), is a general term for magnetic disk storage devices. The term has historically been used in the mainframe and minicomputer (mid-range computer) environments and is sometimes used to refer to hard disk drives for personal computers. A redundant array of independent disks (RAID) is also a type of DASD. The "direct access" means that all data can be accessed directly in about the same amount of time rather than having to progress sequentially through the data. This was last updated in October 2006 Continue Reading About DASD (direct access storage device) Dig Deeper on Data storage management
Piazza Navona Facts Piazza Navona Facts The Piazza Navona is a Baroque square in Rome, the remains of what was once a stadium called Circus Domitianus, built in 85 AD to host ancient Greek Agonal games were held. The piazza itself took its shape as the stadium's building crumbled over time. Piazza Navona is considered one of Rome's most beautiful squares, having three fountains, one of which is considered to be Bernini's greatest work - La Fontana Dei Fuimi. Piazza Navona is also unique in that it is extremely long when compared to other squares. In the second half of the 1400s, Piazza Navona became home to the market, and then in 1485 it was paved. It also became the place to hold processions and festivals. Interesting Piazza Navona Facts: Pope Innocent X started a tradition of covering the drains of the three fountains on Saturdays and Sundays in the 1600s, to allow people to enjoy the pooled water. It became known as "Lake of Piazza Navona". This tradition lasted for two centuries until 1866 when Pius IX put an end to the summer fun. There is a legend of a ghost in the ancient palace around Piazza Navona, called Via dell'Anima. Under a full moon it is possible to see a hand shape in one of the palace windows. It is the hand of Costanza de Cupis, a woman whose perfect hand was amputated after becoming infected. In the center of Piazza Navona is the Fountain of the Four Rivers, with an Egyptian obelisk. The two other fountains in Piazza Navona include Fontana del Moro, and Fountain of Neptune. Located at Piazza Navona's southwest end is Pasquino, the 'speaking' statue. It was erected in 1501 and was the place where Romans left comments, often about the pope. In the 1800s the pavement level was raised and in 1869 the market was moved to Campo de' Fiori. However a Christmas market is still held in the Piazza Navona. Piazza Navona is featured in scenes in the 2000 movie Angels and Demons, and in the 1964 movie Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow it is the setting of the main character's apartment. It is also featured in the 1970 movie Catch-22, and in the 1990 movie Coins in the Fountain. On September 3rd, 2011, Fontana del Moro was damaged when a man decapitated several of the figures in the fountain. Piazza Navona is considered by many to be Rome's second-favorite square after Saint Peter's. Sant' Agnese in Agone Church, located at the edge of the center of Piazza Navone, is dedicated to a young girl Agnese who was killed there because she refused to return the affections of male suitors and devoted herself to Christianity. Several attempts to kill her failed and she was ultimately beheaded by an officer. Other monuments flanking Piazza Navona include the palaces Palazzo Lancellotti, Pamphilj Palace, and Tuccimei Palace. At Piazza Navona today there are a variety of cafes and restaurants, as well as souvenir vendors, artists, and entertainers. It is a major tourist attraction, and also hosts a Christmas market each year that is popular with residents and tourists, and especially children. Related Links: Rome Facts Animals Facts Rome Facts for Kids
🐟 The rise of aquaculture and the threat of floating feedlots Health: Since the 1960s, the average annual increase in global fish consumption (3.2 percent) has outpaced population growth (1.6 percent) and exceeded the combined consumption of meat from all terrestrial animals (2.8 percent). In per capita terms, global fish consumption has more than doubled from 9.0 kg (19.84 lbs) in 1961 to 20.5 kg (45.19 lbs) in 2017. And according to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, this figure is expected to swell to 21.5 kg (47.39) by 2030 due to growing populations and incomes. Of course, fishing is not inherently bad for the ocean, except for when ships catch fish faster than stocks can replenish, referred to as overfishing. But as it stands, around 90 percent of the world’s fish stocks are now fully exploited or overfished. And since the 1990s, the global catch of wild fish has either plateaued or declined year-over-year. Thus, the majority of the seafood supply is expected to come from industrial ocean fish farming, also called aquaculture. In fact, in 2021, fish farming is forecasted to overtake wild-caught fish production for the first time. In short, aquaculture is the mass breeding, rearing, and harvesting of fish in areas of the ocean. While this technique offers an alternative to overfishing wild species, it’s far from a perfect system. The most common form of aquaculture takes place in open-net pens, or cages, suspended from structures anchored to the seafloor. These floating feedlots, holding hundreds of thousands of fast-growing fish breeds (i.e., carp, salmon, tilapia) at a time, are considered a high-risk production system - posing significant harm to the environment, and the people, industries, and economies that rely on the ocean and its resources. Similar to industrial animal agriculture, corporations are taking over our oceans. In 2015, 13 companies controlled up to 16 percent of the global marine catch and 40 percent of the largest and most valuable fish stocks. In doing so, modern fish farms strive to consolidate seafood production and create economies of scale while externalizing the costs (ecological or public health) of production to society as a whole. The problems generated by open-net pens include but are not limited to: Disease: Like any feedlot system, diseases - including sea lice and infectious salmon anemia - spread across aquaculture farms given the close proximity of bodies, as well as chronic stress, which can depress fish immune systems. And because open-net pens are often located offshore in coastal areas, when outbreaks do occur, they pose risks to the wild fish populations. Farmed Atlantic salmon, for example, infect wild Chinook salmon in British Columbia with Piscine orthoreovirus, associated with kidney and liver damage. Rather than solve the root of the problem, fish farms compound the issue by overusing pesticides and agrochemicals to prophylactically prevent illness. With this in mind, it is no surprise that there is now an increased presence of antimicrobial resistance in farmed fish due to the overuse of antibiotics. And on average, farmed salmon contains 16 times more dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) than wild salmon. These highly toxic compounds not only leave residues in our seafood, but they also sink into the ocean floor, contaminating nearby water and decreasing biodiversity. Pollution: Net-pen aquaculture is essentially an underwater factory farm but with even fewer pollution controls. The systems allow for free exchange between the “farm” and the open water, including direct deposits of untreated fecal waste and agrochemical drug residues. At many facilities, excess feed and thousands of gallons of fish waste - mostly blood, often carrying parasites and viruses - are channeled directly into the surrounding ocean ecosystem. According to the Environmental Protection Agency, an industrial fish farm of 200,000 salmon will release nitrogen equivalent to the untreated sewage of 20,000 people, phosphorus equivalent to 27,000 people, and fecal matter equivalent to 62,500 people. When these excess nutrients are added to water, eutrophication occurs. Water becomes too enriched, causing low dissolved oxygen levels, death of seagrasses and corals, fish kills, “dead zones,” and harmful algal blooms. Invasive species: Open-net pens have a rocky history of failure, resulting in large-scale escape events, or as “leakage” (continual low-level escapes over the farm cycle), of non-native fishes into the ocean. In 2016, Cooke Aquaculture’s Cypress Island facility in northern Puget Sound imploded - allowing more than 260,000 non-native Atlantic salmon to escape. Farmed fish, which are genetically bred to grow bigger and faster, are also a significant concern to the gene pool of wild fish populations. The consequence of inbreeding between farmed and wild Atlantic salmon results in genetic diversity dilution, generational fitness degradation, and adaptation loss. Escapees can also compete with wild fish for limited food, spawning habitat, and other resources. Feed production: Rather than remove the strain on wild fish populations, industrial aquaculture contributes to the overfishing of wild species. Many farmed species, such as shrimp and finfish (salmon, trout, Arctic char, cod, and tuna) are predators who rely on a carnivorous diet. To meet the protein needs of their stocks, fish farmers rely on “fish meal,” which combines fish oil from smaller, wild forage fish (anchovy, herring, and krill), genetically modified (GMO) soybeans, chemicals, and dyes into feed pellets. Every year, almost 4 million hectares of forest in South America are converted to cropland to grow the soybeans used in fish meal. And 30 million tons of forage fish are caught and processed annually to feed farmed fish, thereby putting pressure on wild fish populations and impacting other wildlife that depends on them for food. This processed diet also equates to farmed salmon containing 20.5 percent more saturated fat and fewer vitamins and minerals (potassium, zinc, and calcium) than wild salmon. To help usher in a more sustainable ocean economy, the Canadian government recently elected to phase out all of the open-net pen salmon farms in British Columbia by June of 2022. At the same time, thriving runs, or “stocks,” of wild salmon still exist, and a return to selective-fishing techniques can make a positive impact on their populations. Place-based fisheries, for example, operate with the knowledge that every stock of wild salmon evolved to return to specific watersheds. And unlike industrial salmon harvests, which happen on the open ocean, this method is conducted in or near rivers of origin. In doing so, fishermen can responsibly target wild salmon populations while minimizing harm to less plentiful stocks. At the same time, nonprofits like the Wild Fish Conservancy (WFC) and the Native Fish Society are working to protect and restore wild fish populations and the ecosystems they depend on through education and advocacy. If we really care about preserving fish stocks and freshwater ecosystems for decades to come, we must focus on harvesting wild fish in the right numbers, from the right places, rather than creating more aquatic feedlots. Watch: Artifishal is a documentary about people, rivers, and the fight for the future of wild fish and the environment that supports them. This movie, produced by Patagonia Films, explores wild salmon’s precipitous slide toward extinction, the threats posed by fish hatcheries and fish farms, and the path to recovery. Shop: Running Tide is a building technology that harnesses the power of the ocean to rebuild food systems that are zero carbon and provide positive ecosystem services. Their coastal shellfish reefs, kelp forests, and seagrass meadows are engines for biodiversity and job creation. A lot of love goes into Running Tide’s beautiful oysters, which are cultivated from their own hatchery and then placed in hand-picked grow-out areas in Casco Bay. As they grow, they take on the sweet flavor of Maine’s pristine waters. And to protect and better understand the ocean environment, Running Tide donates 2 percent of its annual revenue to support ongoing marine research. 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Maintaining the ideal level of humidity is important in most homes and businesses, but it is critical in a large archive that contains, among other important papers, a collection of Abraham Lincoln's handwritten documents. The Norton Building in Springfield, Ill., is home to the Illinois State Archives and the humidity problem there has been a battle for years. The major problem with the building is its age. Built in 1938, the 12-story structure is showing its age. The massive blocks of stone that comprise the building's facade have lost much of the mortar and as a result, the building leaks air through the cracks badly. There were also some serious engineering issues. In 1998 the Illinois Capital Development Board (CDB) had commissioned an engineering firm to completely revamp the HVAC in the building including the dehumidification system. Unfortunately, the whole HVAC system never seemed to work right, especially the critical dehumidification equipment. Then in 2001 another engineering firm, GLHN Architects and Engineers of Tucson, Ariz., had just finished commissioning the Illinois Capital Complex chilled water system it had designed and built. The CDB asked the company to investigate the poor performance of the archives building's HVAC system and to make recommendations. "The whole thing was a mess of both engineering errors and architectural problems," said Jim Kreutzmann, the GLHN engineer who led the project. "There were clear errors in calculations that led to the HVAC system, including the dehumidifier, being undersized. The critical spaces, the vaults where the microfilm and paper records were stored, were not isolated from the rest of the building. There was even a tunnel to other buildings that was open and brought air into the archives. They were receiving the same air as the office area despite the fact that the vaults required 65°F dry bulb and 40 percent relative humidity to protect the documents and film, much lower than the comfort-cooled air supplied to the offices." GLHN recommended the addition of partitions to isolate the vaults so they could maintain their own conditioned air under positive pressure. "It was a big and expensive project," said Kreutzmann, "but the CDB recognized it was necessary to preserve the documents." In addition to erecting partitions, they also installed automatic doors at the tunnel entrance and at the elevator lobby. "These additions gave us the ability to control airflow," noted Kreutzmann. "Without that control, keeping the humidity at the desired level in vaults would have been impossible." Next the company addressed the undersized HVAC system. "The chiller was an easy fix," commented Kreutzman. "We simply installed a new York system that was big enough for the building along with additional piping. It was the dehumidifier that was a challenge." The engineering team at GLHN had originally specified a large customized desiccant wheel system from Des Champs, but the proposed delivery time was too long for the CDB. Another dehumidifier manufacturer claimed they could meet the deadline and the CDB decided to go with them. "The unit they proposed just wasn't right," said Kreutzmann. "It lacked capacity and wasn't reliable." One main problem was that most desiccant wheel dehumidifiers use return air and heat to remove accumulated moisture from a desiccant wheel. In this case, since the building leaked air, 100 percent outside air was required for pressurization, so there was no return air. The unit would have to use outside air and that would require more heat than normal because the outside air would be more humid than typical return air would be. "They proposed using low pressure steam as the heat," said Kreutzmann. "Their calculations were off. I tried to insist that they use high pressure steam, but they convinced the CDB that they were right and it was installed." "It was a disaster from the beginning," said Tom Brady, head maintenance engineer for the Norton building. "First, they didn't make their deadline. Then the thing wouldn't work. It was wired wrong. They sent technicians to rewire the whole system on site. Then the compressors broke down. And then the desiccant wheel had to be replaced. Those things are supposed to last forever, but this one got overheated. Even when it was running right, it couldn't do the job." In fact, to make up for the poor job the dehumidification system was doing, Brady and his team had to bring in consumer dehumidifiers, bought at a local department store, and place them around the vaults. For three years during each summer, one man's full-time job was to empty the water from these small units and when he was done, go back to the first one and start all over again. After all the problems, the CDB agreed that the only way to go was to replace the current dehumidification system with the one originally proposed. Des Champs engineers got to work and developed a custom system to fill the unique needs of the Norton Building. "Most desiccant wheel systems precondition air for the air conditioning unit to remove the burden of dehumidification and increase system efficiency," said Larry Borges of Climatec, the representative of Des Champs in Tucson. "This configuration was unusual because so much outside air was required to replace that which leaked out of the building. The York units cooled and recirculated the air in the building and the Des Champs unit dumped dehumidified outside air directly into the building." The customized Des Champs dehumidifier uses conventional refrigerant-driven air conditioning coils to pre-cool 100 percent outside air prior to its passing through the desiccant wheel and removes some of the moisture. The wheel itself is honeycombed and coated with silica gel, an adsorbent material that wrings most of the water out of the air, adding heat in the process. The air then passes through a postcool direct expansion system that brings it to a neutral 62° and releases it into the building where the floor-by-floor air-handling units condition and circulate it. In the winter heating coils in the unit, using low-pressure steam, preheat the dehumidified air to the same temperature before releasing it in the building. In the sealed vaults the air handlers maintain temperatures at the desired 65° dry bulb and 40° relative humidity. But dehumidifying all that outside air was where the Des Champs engineers made the difference. "This is where pressure steam was needed," said Kreutzmann. "That's one place that the other system was improperly designed. Low-pressure steam couldn't provide enough heat for the dehumidifying process. The Des Champs engineers knew that and insisted that a separate high-pressure line be run. Now we had a dehumidification system that was big enough to handle the needs of the building." "Everything is a lot better now," said Brady. "Even on the 12th floor right under the roof where the temperatures were up to 74° in the vaults with the old system, the air is as cool and dry as the specs say it should be. The Des Champs unit is great. It makes the building as dry as the Mojave Desert in just hours." For more information, visit Publication date: 08/07/2006
Bengali language summary Select Citation Style Below is the article summary. For the full article, see Bengali language. Bengali language, Indo-Aryan language spoken principally in Bangladesh and the Indian state of West Bengal. Bengali has more speakers—some 190 million—than all but a handful of other languages of the world. Like other Modern Indo-Aryan languages, Bengali has drastically reduced the complex inflectional system of Old Indo-Aryan (see Sanskrit language). It has virtually dropped grammatical gender and fixed stress on the initial syllable of a word or phrase. Bengali was the first of the Indian languages to adopt Western secular literary styles, such as fiction and drama. Related Article Summaries
Home >Opinion >Poverty and inequality after reforms India embarked on big-bang economic reforms 25 years back in 1991. It is well-known that GDP growth has been much higher in the post-reform period. However, GDP is only one metric. Ultimately, the success of reforms depends on whether the well-being of people, particularly that of poor, increased over time. In this context, let’s examine the impact of economic reforms on poverty and inequality. There are two conclusions on trends in poverty. The first one, shown in a World Bank study by Gaurav Datt and others, is that poverty declined by 1.36 percentage points per annum after 1991, compared to that of 0.44 percentage points per annum prior to 1991. Their study shows that among other things, urban growth is the most important contributor to the rapid reduction in poverty even though rural areas showed growth in the post-reform period. The second conclusion is that in the post-reform period, poverty declined faster in the 2000s than in the 1990s. The official estimates based on Tendulkar committee’s poverty lines shows that poverty declined only 0.74 percentage points per annum during 1993-94 to 2004-05. But poverty declined by 2.2 percentage points per annum during 2004-05 to 2011-12. Around 138 million people were lifted above the poverty line during this period. This indicates the success of reforms in reducing poverty. The poverty of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes also declined faster in the 2000s. The Rangarajan committee report also showed faster reduction in poverty during 2009-10 to 2011-12. Higher economic growth, agriculture growth, rural non-farm employment, increase in real wages for rural labourers, employment in construction and programmes like the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) contributed to higher poverty reduction in the 2000s compared to the 1990s. Another issue discussed all over the world, whether it is the Arab Spring or Brexit, is rising inequality. According to a Credit Suisse report, the richest 1% owns half of all the wealth in the world. What happened to inequality in post-reform period India? The evidence shows that inequality increased in this period. The Gini coefficient measured in terms of consumption for rural India increased marginally from 0.29 in 1993-94 to 0.31 in 2011-12. There was a significant rise in the Gini coefficient for urban areas from 0.34 to 0.39 during the same period. However, consumption-based Gini underestimates inequality. If we use income data from the National Council of Applied Economic Research’s India Human Development Survey, the Gini coefficient in income (rural+urban) was 0.52 in 2004-05 and increased to 0.55 in 2011-12. In other words, inequality is much higher in India if we use income rather than consumption. If we consider non-income indicators like health and education, inequalities between the poor and rich are much higher. What is the way forward? The conclusion is that poverty declined faster but inequality increased in the post-reform period. However, India still has 300 million people below the poverty line. What should be done to reduce poverty and inequality? Policymakers must continue to follow the two-fold strategy of achieving high economic growth and direct measures through social protection programmes. The focus should also be on increase in urban growth and income as the share of urban poverty will rise with urbanization. There can be several solutions, but let’s focus here on the two important measures: creating productive employment and providing quality education for reduction in poverty and inequality. There is a feeling that we should have some flagship programmes like MGNREGA to reduce poverty. No doubt these programmes are important for protecting the poor. But equitable growth is much broader than this and productive inclusion in terms of generating quality employment should be the focus of any inclusive approach. Employment focus is the major part of equity approach. Studies have shown that agricultural growth leads to reduction in poverty twice as that of non-agriculture. We need more diversified agriculture for raising the income of farmers. However, future employment has to be created in manufacturing and service. In this context, the Make in India initiative, focus on start-ups, Mudra, financial inclusion, etc., are steps in the right direction. Equally, service sector employment has to be promoted. Over time, the share of the organized sector has to be raised while simultaneously improving productivity in the unorganized sector. Youth unemployment is high. This is one reason for unrest and social tensions. The need for skill development and productive jobs to reap the demographic dividend is obvious. For reducing inequality, some advocate measures such as redistribution of assets and wealth in favour of the poor via higher taxes for the rich. However, these may not be pragmatic solutions. The tax/GDP ratio has to be raised with a wider tax base. Fiscal instruments like public investment in physical and social infrastructure can be used to reduce inequality. The new generation wants equality of opportunity rather than redistributive measures. Everyone irrespective of caste, class and gender should have equal opportunities in education, health, employment and entrepreneurship. Economic and employment opportunities improve with education and skills. The new generation wants better quality in schools and higher education. Finally, economic reforms should focus more on efficient delivery systems of public services. Many reckon that poor governance is the biggest constraint in achieving the aspirations of a new generation and reduction in poverty and inequality. A major institutional challenge is the accountability of service providers, particularly the public sector. Recent literature also focused on eradication of corruption for reduction in inequalities. Issues like electoral reforms, crony capitalism, election funding and corruption should be part of the reform agenda to reduce inequalities. S. Mahendra Dev is director and vice-chancellor, Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai. Comments are welcome at Subscribe to Mint Newsletters * Enter a valid email * Thank you for subscribing to our newsletter. Edit Profile My ReadsRedeem a Gift CardLogout
Astor Piazzolla Astor Piazzolla was an Argentine tango composer and bandoneón player. His oeuvre revolutionized the traditional tango into a new style termed nuevo tango, incorporating elements from jazz and classical music. An excellent bandoneonist, he regularly performed his own compositions with different ensembles. He is known in his native land as “El Gran Astor” (“The Great Astor”). Born in Argentina in 1921 to immigrant Italian parents, Piazzolla spent most of his childhood with his family in New York City. While there, he acquired fluency in four languages: Spanish, English, French, and Italian. He also started playing the bandoneon, quickly rising to the status of child prodigy. He returned to Argentina in 1937, where strictly traditional tango still reigned, and played in night clubs with a series of groups. The pianist Arthur Rubinstein (then living in Buenos Aires) advised him to study with the Argentine composer Alberto Ginastera. Delving into scores of Stravinsky, Bartók, Ravel, and others, he gave up tango temporarily and worked as a modernist classical composer. After winning a grant from the French government to study in Paris with the French composer and conductor Nadia Boulanger, he returned to Argentina in 1955, formed the Octeto Buenos Aires to play tangos, and never looked back. Upon introducing his new approach to the tango (nuevo tango), he became a controversial figure among Argentines both musically and politically. The Argentine saying “in Argentina everything may change – except the tango” suggests some of the resistance he found in his native land. However, his music gained acceptance in Europe and North America, and his reworking of the tango was embraced by some liberal segments of Argentine society, who were pushing for political changes in parallel to his musical revolution. Piazzolla’s nuevo tango was distinct from the traditional tango in its incorporation of elements of jazz, its use of extended harmonies and dissonance, its use of counterpoint, and its ventures into extended compositional forms. Piazzolla also introduced new instruments that were not used in the traditional tango, including the flute, saxophone, electric guitar, electronic instruments, and a full jazz/rock drum kit. Piazzolla played with numerous ensembles beginning with the 1946 Orchestra, the 1955 “Octeto Buenos Aires”, the 1960 “First Quintet”, the 1971 “Noneto”, the 1978 “Second Quintet” and the 1989 “Sextet”. As well as providing original compositions and arrangements, he was the director and Bandoneon player in all of them. He also recorded an album with the famous cellist Yo-Yo Ma and another one with jazz sax player Gerry Mulligan. His numerous compositions include orchestral work such as the “Concierto para Bandoneón, Orquesta, Cuerdas y Percusión”, “Doble-Concierto para Bandoneón y Guitarra”, “Tres Tangos Sinfónicos” and “Concierto de Nácar para 9 Tanguistas y Orquesta”, as well as song-form compositions that still today are well known by the general public in his country, like “Balada para un loco” (Ballad for a madman) and “Adiós Nonino” (dedicated to his grandfather) which he recorded many times with different musicians and ensembles. Biographers estimate that Piazzolla wrote around 3,000 pieces and recorded around 500.
Two Heads are Better than One Summary: Try to pick up as many items without letting your balloon touch the ground Ages: 8 and up Recommended Number of Players/Teams: two players to a team, 2 or more teams Items such as rocks, potatoes, coins, cups. other balloons, etc. inflated up balloons Set Up: Place items at random around the room. How to Play: The players put a balloon between their foreheads. The play area is strewn with various items the teams up must pick up. A timer is set and the teams try to collect the most items withouth their balloon falling. if the balloon should fall, the team smust put all the items back on the ground, place the balloon on foreheads again, and then they may pick up the items once more. If a team member touches the balloon with their hand, all items must be placed on the ground again. First team to collect the most items without letting their balloon fall. Go from Two Heads are Better than One to Party Game Index Comments, Variations and Stories
5 Food Myths You Keep Falling For food myths bhofack2/Getty Images The upshot: Myths just made my job a lot harder. That's because nutrition misinformation fools people into being confused and frustrated in their quest to eat healthily, even if they're already achieving great results. Myth #1: "High protein intake is harmful to your kidneys." Image Source/Getty Images The origin: Back in 1983, researchers first discovered that eating more protein increases your "glomerular filtration rate," or GFR. Think of GFR as the amount of blood your kidneys are filtering per minute. From this finding, many scientists made the leap that a higher GFR places your kidneys under greater stress. The bottom line: As a rule of thumb, shoot to eat your target body weight in grams of protein daily. For example, if you're a chubby 200 pounds and want to be a lean 180, then have 180 grams of protein a day. Likewise if you're a skinny 150 pounds but want to be a muscular 180. (Go here for more on The Truth About Protein.) Myth #2: "Sweet potatoes are better for you than white potatoes." The origin: Because most Americans eat highly processed versions of the white potato—for instance, french fries and potato chips—consumption of this root vegetable has been linked to obesity and an increased diabetes risk. Meanwhile, sweet potatoes, which are typically eaten whole, have been celebrated for being rich in nutrients and having a lower glycemic index than their white brethren. What science really shows: White potatoes and sweet potatoes have complementary nutritional pro; one isn't necessarily better than the other. For instance, sweet potatoes have more fiber and vitamin A, but white potatoes are higher in essential minerals, such as iron, magnesium, and potassium. As for the glycemic index, sweet potatoes are lower on the scale, but baked white potatoes typically aren't eaten without cheese, sour cream, or butter. These toppings all contain fat, which lowers the glycemic index of a meal. The bottom line: The form in which you consume a potato—for instance, a whole baked potato versus a processed potato that's used to make chips—is more important than the type of spud. MORE: Is MSG Really Bad For You? Myth #3: "Red meat causes cancer." diana miller/getty images The origin: In a 1986 study, Japanese researchers discovered cancer developing in rats that were fed "heterocyclic amines," compounds that are generated from overcooking meat under high heat. And since then, some studies of large populations have suggested a potential link between meat and cancer. What science really shows: No study has ever found a direct cause-and-effect relationship between red-meat consumption and cancer. As for the population studies, they're far from conclusive. That's because they rely on broad surveys of people's eating habits and health afflictions, and those numbers are simply crunched to find trends, not causes. The bottom line: Don't stop grilling. Meat lovers who are worried about the supposed risks of grilled meat don't need to avoid burgers and steak; rather, they should just trim off the burned or overcooked sections of the meat before eating. MORE: Get Spot-Checked For Skin Cancer Sucrose is chemically almost identical, containing 50% fructose. This is why the University of California at Davis scientists determined fructose intakes from both HFCS and sucrose. The truth is, there's no evidence to show any differences in these two types of sugar. Both will cause weight gain when consumed in excess. (You may be shocked at the sweet stuff hiding in some of your favorite foods and drinks. Get The Truth About Sugar.) Myth #5: "Salt causes high blood pressure and should be avoided." tuned in/getty images The origin: In the 1940s, a Duke University researcher named Walter Kempner, MD, became famous for using salt restriction to treat people with high blood pressure. Later, studies confirmed that reducing salt could help reduce hypertension. What science really shows: Large-scale scientific reviews have determined there's no reason for people with normal blood pressure to restrict their sodium intake. Now, if you already have high blood pressure, you may be "salt sensitive." As a result, reducing the amount of salt you eat could be helpful. However, it's been known for the past 20 years that people with high blood pressure who don't want to lower their salt intake can simply consume more potassium-containing foods. Why? Because it's really the balance of the two minerals that matters. The article The Truth Behind 5 Food Myths originally ran on MensHealth.com. Advertisement - Continue Reading Below More From Food & Nutrition
History of the Tour de France The First Event Henri Desgrange, a French cyclist and journalist, started the Tour de France in 1903. His newspaper, L'Auto (now L'Equipe), sponsored the race for advertising purposes. The paper's competitor, Le Vélo, at that time was the only paper reporting on cycle racing. The first winner was 32 year old Frenchman Maurice Garin who completed the course at an average speed of 25.7 km per hour (see more about the 1903 event). Since its inception, the Tour de France has taken place every year, interrupted only by the world wars. There were no events from 1915 to 1918 because of World War I and non events held between 1940 to 1946 because of World War II. Tour de France race Tour de France race There have been many controversies throughout the history of the Tour de France, but no greater than those concerning Lance Armstrong. Armstrong was the most successful rider ever, finishing first seven times before his wins were removed from the record books after being found guilty of doping by the USADA in 2012. Related Pages Major Events Extra How to Cite
Money Talk: Mastering the Language of Finance The world of finance may seem complicated and overwhelming. Experts provide us with statistics and jargons every day that often worsen our confusion instead of providing us with relief and ease. Accordingly, it’s highly important to master the language of money, as it is the key to learning how to manage your finances well. Robert Kiyosaki, best-selling author and financial guru asserts that learning important terms can lower your chances of making poor, uneducated decisions. By being fluent in what he calls the “words of money,” you will also avoid being fooled by misleading advertisements regarding investment and banking service packages. Today, technology has endowed us with the power of educating ourselves in any field or industry that we desire to learn. We face no shortage of information and within a couple of clicks, we can have unlimited access to online systems. Other ways to improve your knowledge of money is by reading financial news regularly, either on traditional media or online platforms. To help you get started on the journey of mastering the dollar language, we have rounded up several terminologies that many people have trouble understanding. Annual Percentage Rate (APR) This refers to the sum of fees and their necessary payments of a loan within the period of 12 months or one complete term. The APR is legally standardized to make it easier for the borrower to compare different loan offers and make decisions based on his or her capacity to pay. Consumer Price Index (CPI) The CPI refers to a series of numbers that represent the cost of living in a specific area. It starts at 100, and from there, the prices of staple goods increase. Hire Purchase A hire purchase is also called closed-end leasing or rent to own. This refers to a contract in which a buyer agrees to make a purchase by providing payment in installments or percentages, completing the expenses for a longer period of time. Net Worth Net worth is calculated by subtracting the total amount of your liabilities from the sum of your assets. Your assets include properties such as your house and car, as well as your bank account and investment stocks. Your liabilities pertain to the payments you owe such as mortgage balances, car loan, student loans, and credit card debt. Wage Garnishment This is the practice of deducting an amount from the salary of an employee to cover certain expenses. Accordingly, garnishing an individual’s wage requires obtaining a court order. Examples of instances that allow wage garnishment is when a person has to pay for child support, court expenses, and defaulted debts and loans. The garnishment ends when the total amount is paid off. Usually, the amount allowed to be garnished must not go beyond 25% of an individual’s weekly wage. If you’re in Salt Lake City and want to prevent wage garnishments, you might need the help of an expert. hand of a man holding a pen and a contract document Repossession is the legal action done by a seller that involves the retaking of a previously purchased item when a buyer is not able to meet the payment terms. To ensure that you will be guided in learning the ropes on money terminologies, it’s recommended that you consult a professional.
American Dictionary of the English Language Dictionary Search CONCENTRATE, verb transitive [See Concenter.] 1. To bring to a common center, or to a closer union; to cause to approach nearer to a point, or center; to bring nearer to each other; as, to concentrate particles of salt by evaporating the water that holds them in solution; to concentrate the troops in an army; to concentrate rays of light into a focus. 2. To increase the specific gravity of a body.
Design a sustainable community Assignment Help Other Subject Reference no: EM131107291 Note: Read the following Instructions and write 3-4 pages paper as per as given instructions. Include headingsbefore starting each new section and add 4-5 scholarly relevant references in APA. Your answer must be 100% original. Design a sustainable community and pretend you are a developer looking to construct a sustainable community that includes both residential and commercial dwellings as well as infrastructure (roads, energy, water, etc.) for 100,000 people. Write a paper 3-4 pages addressing the following. 1. Introduction: This section should introduce the concept of sustainability and provide general details about your community (location, housing types to be constructed, infrastructure, etc.). You may utilize GIS to display maps if desired. 2. Body: a) Description of land use, wildlife, wilderness, and wetland destruction/preservation: This section should discuss the impact of your community on land, wildlife, wilderness, and wetlands. You are to discuss how your community will affect each of these components and what steps will be taken to ensure sustainability of the land, wildlife, wilderness, and wetlands in the location. b) Description of water supply and wastewater treatment: This section should discuss how you will obtain water for your community and deal with the wastewater in a sustainable manner. c) Description of solid and hazardous waste treatment and recycling plan (approximately 3pages; at least 2 sources) ?This section should discuss how you will deal with solid and hazardous waste in a sustainable manner. A recycling policy should also be a part of the waste management plan. d) Description of energy production and air pollution treatment (approximately 3e pages; at least 2 sources) ?This section should address how you plan to obtain energy for your community in a sustainable manner. Additionally, it should address the topic of air pollution and how you will manage to keep air pollution to a minimum. In above description (a-d) you are required to discuss the following four topics: 1. How you will ensure sustainability. This should include a discussion of how the plan is designed so the community is not significantly contributing to climate change. 2. If applicable, what laws or regulations govern the various topics (for instance, the Clean Air Act has strict regulations on power plant construction)? Additionally, you should note if an EIS is needed for any of the plans. 3. A significant discussion surrounding the economics of each section should be present. If your plan is too expensive, alternative options may be needed. Make sure that your plan is economically feasible. 4. The ethics of your community plan should also be discussed for each section. How do ethical considerations play into your choices? 3. Conclusion: This section should summarize your overall community plan and address the importance of sustainability in community development. Required sources: 1. Environmental Protection Agency. (2015). Sustainable and healthy communities: Strategic research action plan 2016-2019. Retrieved from 2. Environmental Protection Agency. (2016). Smart growth. Retrieved from 3. Sustainable Communities Online. (2013). Creating community. Retrieved from 4. Sustainable Communities Online. (2013). Governing sustainability. Retrieved from 5. Sustainable Communities Online. (2013). Growing a sustainable economy. Retrieved from 6. Sustainable Communities Online. (2013). Smart growth. Retrieved from Reference no: EM131107291 What are your experiences in working with children What are your experiences in working with children and young adults with major health impairments or infectious diseases? What role, if any does this professional have with th Resourcing and utilizing change management procedures once a strategy has been idenitified, it must be put into practice, this may involve, organizing, resourcing and utilizing change management procedures, how should a company g Weight loss programs In our society, there are weight loss programs that recommend low fat, no-fat, or high protein diets. Should we eliminate fats from our diets altogether and increase protein Why is sovereign debt a transnational issue Why is sovereign debt a transnational issue? Explicate auterity and default available to debtor nations and extrapolate the implications for debtors and creditors. Examine the importance of the fourth of the us constitution What civil due process or constitutional rights are violated Organizational performance on four primary groups How parents can help at home or at school as volunteers Discussion of how parents can help at home or at school as volunteers. Introduction (Include your name, mention a few success so far, and thank parents who took time out to at Write a Review Free Assignment Quote Assured A++ Grade
Scientific Portal of Expressions, Body Language and Nonverbal Communication# Search for Women are body language experts Women are supposed to be better and faster than men in interpreting body language because of they have such extraordinary abilities and instinctive skills to do so in the first place. In short, women are the real body language experts and also they have accurate judgements about someone's character. They may not analyze each nonverbal clue separately like an analyst but they can sense or feel them together. While men try to interpret, women intuit or feel instinctively. They are good lie detectors. Why is it so in the first place? Today's mechanized, industrialized and economically liberal environment existing world over is a recent achievement in the entire known human history. Before modernization and industrialization, most women remained dependent on their tribe's male members for safety, security and resource gathering throughout the millions of years of the human evolution. Most young males were protectors, hunters, fighters and foragers and most females were care-takers, socializers, farmers, cultivators, food preparers and preservers. As it is an integral part of their physiology, women give birth to children. They face a great challenge of understanding every condition that babies are going through only by observing their facial expressions, gestures, postures, movements and voice (tone and pitch) since babies can't communicate verbally like an experienced, grown-up, learned or trained person. This very challenge has transformed them into the excellent care-takers. Higher level of Estrogen makes women emotionally intelligent and very sensitive to people's feelings. Emotional interaction with babies is secret of social awareness. Also, they resonate to baby's facial expressions and vocal tone to sympathize and create a strong bond. They unconsciously use brain's both prefrontal hemispheres to process emotional and para-linguistic data. Understanding others and responding to them properly was crucial for survival and also to propagate (fitter) genes to next generations. Otherwise, what would have happened to the entire human race is just beyond our wildest imagination. Tribal men used to resolve most of the issues, overcome their challenges and meet the demands by using muscles, getting physical, using tools and skills, fighting and competing. On the other hand, women chose an entirely opposite approach to resolve and overcome issues with harmonious, non-confrontational and non-harming solutions. That's why they are more expressive, sensitive, empathetic, verbally skilled, articulating and diplomatic than most men. Men can become experts or at least better in reading body language like women, only with developing the habit of keen observation and accurately analyzing different clues in the given situation or circumstance. Developing the contextual awareness in different situations can help men in mastering people reading. The ability to empathize with others is required to become a good communicator. (Special Note: According to Google Analytics, women share more than 60% of total visits to this website from September 2010. This numeric fact profoundly proves that women are more sensitive to social dynamics and reading people.) Related Articles: 1. Nice post, would have loved if you had explained this in more details, citing more examples and observations. 2. OK its very good but small baby was also body language expert 4. is it because women have more of EQ compared to men. or is it that they are more sentimental or more careful observers than the men. interesting though to delve further into it. Please post your valuable comment here.
3rd October 2019 Is cold air high or low pressure? Also, what kind of weather is associated with a cold front? As the front moves through, cool, fair weather is likely to follow. Warm front Forms when a moist, warm air mass slides up and over a cold air mass. As the warm air mass rises, it condenses into a broad area of clouds. A warm front brings gentle rain or light snow, followed by warmer, milder weather. What happens when there is a cold front? Write Your Answer 5 / 5 based on 2 votes. Press Ctrl + D to add this site to your favorites!
Industrial Engineering Oil & Gas Why Sonic Rig Drilling Works? If you have a relevant background in the oil exploration and drilling industry, you’d understand why you must be familiar with the many different kinds of drilling techniques. Like for instance, you need to know what makes sonic rig drilling work that major industry players prefer to use it over other available drilling methods. Sonic drilling is a qualified technique to penetrate the soil. This ground penetration technique is sought out by companies when they need to drill into the ground for various purposes due to its friction-reducing quality that occurs both on the drill string and the drill bit due to inertia effects, liquefaction, as well as the temporary soil porosity reduction. The combination of all these factors makes it possible to have seamless penetration for many different kinds of soil quality. drilling method Besides, this technique also makes the penetration rate in the vast majority of bedrock types faster. Generating Sonic Vibration with the Drill Head Drill heads normally house the oscillator, which is highly responsible for the generation of resonant, high-frequency energy. Usually, this is directed into the drill string. While drilling is in progress, the rotational movement is combined with resonant energy. By this measure, there is an even distribution of the energy and this will leave an impact on the drill string and drill bit of tooling. Drill operators have full control over the intensity of sonic vibration that the drill head will generate. This will significantly help in matching up the required force needed in penetrating bedrock and soil formations. Sonic Rig Mechanics If you will try to engage a powerful drill head, you’re taking the entire drill string to a vibration frequency reaching as high as 150 Hz. This will induce the drill string and bit to lose hold of its structure. And with this, it will also reduce soil friction and drill cuttings so they become extremely loose to the point of assuming a liquified form. Thus, it can be flushed or removed easily from the borehole. The drill bit vibrations will render the soil to significantly lose its porosity and density, and eventually its structure. By this measure, the soil and cuttings will get moved in the sample barrel as well as up the drill string, helping your tooling to freely advance on its own. The inertia effects and liquefaction allows for the collection of continuous and long samples. And because of the presence of the high-frequency vertical movement, the odds are high that the drill string will be staying extremely straight yet with very little possibility of deflection. Less power, fewer problems Due to the reduced amount of friction that will likely occur on the drill string length, sonic rig drilling will require lesser amounts of power to achieve the exact or same drilling power as what can be witnessed from other traditional drilling methods. This is one attribute that is solely unique to sonic drilling and will help in keeping torsional forces to begin appearing on the drill string. Another major benefit that can be enjoyed from applying sonic high frequency is how easy and seamless is the process of retrieving the drill string, even when working on quick expanding clays, boulders, and other similar but difficult or challenging conditions. All drilling rods, toolings, and casings can be pulled easier and way faster. Sonic Drilling Means Clean Drilling There are a handful of situations where you want to shy away from using air, drilling mud, or even water while drilling work is in progress. In a sonic type of drilling, they are not necessary. Hence, this is the reason why it is the most preferred geo-construction, environmental and geotechnical applications. Environmental projects will also enjoy significant savings on their costs if they will take advantage of the sonic type of drilling method. These kinds of drilling projects necessitate a good amount of time and money so that project managers will be able to properly dispose of their investigation derived drilling waste. Also, in every mining project, there is a leach pad. If you add air or water it is going to be a disturbance and may influence the soil’s mechanical properties. Under extreme cases, doing so may bring about the possibility of erosion which can pave the way for failure of drilling operations such as a partial landslide. Oil & Gas How to Choose the Drill Rigs Australian Brand? There are plenty of reasons why we would be needing a drilling rig. We can use it in an array of applications, and if we have a project that necessitates us to drill first then we can turn to it for some help. drill rigs australia Like for instance, if we have a project that will help us gain access to a natural resource such as geothermal, oil, or water, a high quality, reliable, and dependable drilling rig would be of prime importance here. We can also make use of a drilling rig in making structural foundations as well as in creating blasting holes in a mining site. Or maybe we can use it to dig deep into the earth to obtain ground samples. Aside from identifying the purpose you have to acquire a drilling rig for sale, you also need to know the terrain you will most likely use it on. With respect to the ground or terrain, you may choose from the different kinds of drilling rigs the industry has to offer: percussion drilling rigs, rotary drilling rigs, top hammer drilling rigs, down-the-hole drilling rigs, You can never go wrong with your choice and decision for acquiring a particular type of drill rig if you will determine first whether you will have the drilling rig for your core business or if you will have it for occasional operations or special projects only. Prime considerations here to determine which one would be more suitable to your requirements would be taking advantage of the recent drilling technology innovations or picking instead a tried and tested, reliable drilling machine. Reliability, safety, and ease of use. All these three are crucial elements and you need to take them into account. According to the leading manufacturers of drill rigs Australia brands, when their product offerings are used in line with their recommendations, their level of safety would be increased. Another important thing that you should not leave out is defining the type of your required mobility. There in the market, we can find a trailer-mounted type or the autonomous crawler drill rigs. As for the truck-mounted types, you need to have them powered by a generator. It will work okay also if the truck that will carry them will power them up. After you have settled on the type of drilling rig you need to have, you’d be able to figure out or calculate the required size with respect to the depth of the borehole and the diameter. Many different projects would require you to carry out drilling work first. Under the following scenarios, you will need to have access to high-quality drill rigs Australian brands execute your upcoming project. • Drilling for wells. This type of well could either be for oil or groundwater. • Pile drilling. If your project involves building a structure on what is determined as unstable ground, pile drilling will help provide the required support. They are usually 70 meters deep and around 2,000 millimeters in diameter. • Geothermal drilling. It helps in obtaining access to the earth’s heat for extraction and processing a renewable form of energy. • Micropile drilling. Used most for the reinforcement of existing structures. This type of drilling is usually 30 meters deep and 150 to 200 mm in diameter. • Blast hole drilling. These types of drilling holes are used in quarrying sites. • Continuous flight augering. It is a type of drilling work that involves the maintenance of the borehole walls using the drill cuttings as driven by the auger. Normally, drilling activity is carried out vertically, but there are also instances that it would be executed horizontally or directionally. Typical examples of which are drilling for the anchor placement.
Nuclear explosions have actually been detonated in all environments: above ground, underground and underwater. Bombs have been detonated on peak of towers, onboard barges, suspended indigenous balloons, top top the earth"s surface, underwater to depth of 600m, underground to depth of an ext than 2,400m and in horizontal tunnels. Test bombs have been dropped by aircraft and fired by rockets to altitudes of over 500 kilometres. You are watching: How many nuclear weapons have been detonated Atmospheric experimentation refers come explosions which take place in the atmosphere.All told, of the end 2,000 atom explosions detonated global between 16 July 1945 (United States) and 29 July 1996 (China), 25 % or end 500 bombs to be exploded in the atmosphere: end 200 by the united States, end 200 by the Soviet Union, around 20 by Britain, about 50 through France and also over 20 by China.International concern over radiation falloutThe deposition the minute radioactive corpuscle in the setting following a nuclear explosion or discharged from...">radioactive autumn resulting indigenous atmospheric tests escalated in the mid 1950s. In march 1954, the United claims tested its Hydrogen bombA weapon that provides nuclear fusion to administer explosive power. Additionally referred to as an “H-bomb” or a thermonuclear...">hydrogen bomb castle Bravo in the Pacific’s Marshall Islands. The Bravo test developed the worst radiological catastrophe in the joined States’ testing history. Through accident, neighborhood civilians on the Marshall Islands, U.S. Servicemen stationed top top Rongerik atoll, and also the Japanese fishing trawler lucky Dragon, to be contaminated through the fallout. Nuclear weapon tests have been lugged out in allenvironments: above ground, underground and underwater. Signing of the Partial Test half Treaty, 5 respectable 1963. Secretary that State Dean Rusk signing for the unified States; international Minister Andre Gromyko, signing for the Soviet Union; and Lord Hume signing because that the united Kingdom. Atmospheric testing was banned by the 1963 Partial Test half Treaty From 1963 bans every “Nuclear tools Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer an are and Under Water". It to be signed 5 August...">Partial Test half Treaty. Negotiations had actually largely comment to the global community’s grave issue over the radioactive fallout resulting from atmospheric tests. The joined States, the Soviet Union and also the united Kingdom ended up being Parties come the Treaty; France and China go not. France performed its last atmospheric check in 1974, China in 1980.audioeditorfree.comThe Preparatory Commission for the substantial Nuclear-Test-Ban treaty Organization, the organization collection up to...">"s InfrasoundInfrasound is sound with a frequency as well low to be heard through the human ear. The examine of such sound waves is sometimes...">infrasound IMSInternational surveillance System. The IMS is a network of 321 security stations and 16 radionuclide laboratories...">IMS train station are provided to detect atom explosions by surveillance low-frequency sound tide in the atmosphere. RadionuclideAn isotope with an rough nucleus that disintegrates and also emits power in the process. Radionuclides may occur...">Radionuclide IMS stations room designed to detect radiation particlesA fragment that exhibits spontaneous emissions of radiation either directly from turbulent atomic nuclei or as a result of...">radioactive particles create from an atmospheric test. Artificial aurora end Honolulu developed by the 1962 Starfish element test. Around 20 atom tests were carried out by the united States and also the Soviet Union in high altitudes or reduced outer space between 1958 and also 1962. The key aim of this explosions, detonated at heights in between 40 and also 540 kilometres, to be to identify the feasibility that nuclear tools as anti-ballistic missile defense or anti-satellite weapons. The largest such test, the 1.4 Megaton The power equivalent exit by 1,000 kilotons (1,000,000 tons) that trinitrotoluene (TNT) explosive. The megaton is...">megaton U.S. Starfish Prime check in 1962, damaged and destroyed numerous of the satellites in orbit at the time and also led come wide-spread strength outages top top the ground. High-altitude or outer room nuclear trial and error is same banned by the 1963 Partial Test half Treaty and by the 1967 Outer space Treaty. Underwater trial and error refers to explosions i m sorry take location underwater or close come the surface of the water. Relatively couple of underwater tests have actually been conducted. The an initial underwater nuclear check - "Baker" (video) - was performed by the United states in 1946 at its Pacific prove Grounds in the Marshall Islands v the function of analyzing the impacts of nuclear weapons used versus naval vessels. Later, in 1955, the unified States’ operation Wigwam performed a single underwater nuclear test at a depth of 600 m to determine the vulnerability of submarines to atom explosions. Underwater atom explosions close to the surface have the right to disperse large amounts of radiation water and steam, contaminating nearby ships, structures and individuals.Underwater nuclear experimentation was banned by the 1963 Partial Test half Treaty. The"s hydroacoustic IMS stations space those finest suited come detect atom explosions underwater. Of the end 2,000 nuclear explosions detonated worldwidebetween 1945 and also 1996, 25 % or over 500 bombs wereexploded in the atmosphere. Underground testing method that atom explosions are detonated at varying depths under the surface of the earth. These comprised the bulk (i.e. About 75%) of all nuclear explosions detonated during the Cold WarThe post-World war II struggle between the capitalist joined States and also its allies and the communist Union of Soviet...">Cold war (1945–1989); that is, over 800 of every tests carried out by the United says and nearly 500 of all tests carried out by the Soviet Union.When the explosion is totally contained, underground nuclear experimentation emits negligible FalloutThe procedure of the lower to the earth"s surface of corpuscle contaminated through radioactive product from a radioactive...">fallout contrasted to atmospheric testing. However, if underground nuclear tests "vent" come the surface, they have the right to produce substantial radioactive debris. Underground experimentation is usually obvious through seismic activity related to the YieldThe lot of power released by a atom explosion, typically measured in equivalent tons that trinitrotoluene (TNT). A...">yield of the nuclear device.Underground nuclear testing was banned by the 1996 comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban TreatyThis global Treaty prohibits all nuclear explosions top top Earth. A worldwide alarm mechanism is being developed to...">Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban treaty (CTBT) the bans all nuclear explosions anywhere, by anyone. See more: How Long Was Queen Elizabeth Queen, Elizabeth I (R Radionuclide terminal 56, Peleduy, Russian Federation The’s seismic IMS station are used to detect atom explosions underground. The seismic data is linked with radionuclide data. Only the radionuclide technology can identify if an explode is atom in origin; the stations and laboratories about the people monitor the visibility of particulates and/or Noble gasesChemical elements that usually occur as a gas. Noble gases room inert and also rarely reaction with other chemicals. Noble gases...">noble gases in the atmosphere. 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Tips to Hit a Curveball Youth Player Hitting One of the most difficult pitches to hit in all of baseball is the curveball. However, there are different techniques and tips batters can use to improve their chances of hitting this somewhat elusive pitch. Practicing different curveball drills is the best way to learn how to hit a curveball. By developing an understanding of the right way to adjust to a curveball, batters will have a much better reaction time to a curveball. Some particular techniques will allow you to thrive against this tricky pitch. Keep reading for all the tips you’ll need to knock it out of the park. Hitting a Curveball Curveballs are such a difficult pitch to hit because out of the pitcher’s hand it’s supposed to look like a fastball. If you stand over the plate expecting a fastball and suddenly the pitch breaks down and away, you may find yourself swinging at bad pitches. Before we discuss some techniques to add to your game to improve your odds of hitting this pitch, it’s essential to know the different types of curveball you may see. Understanding the Different Types of Curveballs There are two main types of curveballs that you will see. The use of one curveball over another depends on the pitcher you’re facing. As we’ll discuss later, pitchers only throw balls that they’re confident throwing, rather than throwing balls they think you can’t hit. The same is true for the type of curveball they choose to throw. Pitchers will likely throw a 12-6 curveball or a 1-7 curveball. If we think about these numbers like a clock’s hands, the movement becomes much more apparent: • A 12-6 curveball is a straight pitch with straight forward ball rotation that drops straight down as it reaches the plate. This gif provides a great visual representation of this type of pitch and how it can deceive batters. • A 1-7 curveball still spins on one axis, but that axis shifts slightly so the pitch falls from the 1 hand on a clock to the 7 hand. This pitch is also known as an 11-5 curveball if the pitcher is left-handed. Recognizing a Curveball As we’ll discuss later, there are good and bad curveballs that batters will see. Before we talk about some of these balls, there is a technique that you can use to tell, out of a pitcher’s hand, whether the ball is a curveball. Red Dot One of the most common tropes that we hear in baseball as a hitter is to keep your eye on the ball. We hear this so often because it’s true, especially when trying to hit the pesky curve. When a curveball is thrown, the laces on the ball rotate in a way that creates a circle or a red dot. This red dot is usually about an inch wide. It’s important to note that this red dot is only seen when the pitcher is throwing a 1-7 curveball because of the axis that it’s thrown on. With a 12-6 curveball, the rotational axis doesn’t show the laces in this fashion. If you can recognize the red dot coming towards you, you have an instant sign that it’s a 1-7 curveball. Good Curveball Vs. Bad Curveball For a hitter looking to increase their batting average against a deceptive pitch like a curveball, it’s crucial to know when each version of the curveball is coming. From a batter’s perspective, a bad curveball (or one they shouldn’t swing at) is one that starts in the strike zone. The reasoning behind this is relatively straightforward – if the ball starts in the strike zone then it will break out of the strike zone once it gets to the plate. Swinging at this type of curveball means you’ll likely be chasing the pitch. A Hanging Curveball is the Easiest Ball to Hit From all the discussion of the difficulty of recognizing and hitting a curveball, it may seem counterintuitive that a certain curveball is the easiest pitch to hit, but the most manageable ball for a batter to hit is known as a hanging curveball. A hanging curveball starts high and finishes inside the strike zone, with little spin and little velocity. Technically, a hanging curveball is a mistake on the pitcher’s part. This pitch is a curveball that is supposed to drop into the zone. Unfortunately for the pitcher, it doesn’t sink as quickly as they anticipated because of the lack of rotation. A pitcher struggling with their curveball may throw more hanging curveballs than the better curveballs that fall sharply into the strike zone. Hanging curveballs become even more manageable because of their limited velocity. Big hitters can take advantage of this pitch, which allows them to get under the ball for a huge swing. Practice Makes Perfect (Or At Least Better) As boring as this might sound, the best way to get better at something is to practice. Hitting a curveball is no different. A great place to start is by having friends or teammates throw these different pitches to you. Teammates are usually more than happy to assist in your hitting efforts since your batting directly impacts how well the team performs and because it gives them the opportunity to test out how effective their curveball is. Have your teammates mix in different pitches alongside the curveball to simulate an actual opposing pitcher in their pitching rotation. With the curveball specifically, have them throw it at different speeds and trajectories since each pitcher will throw the curve slightly differently. Hitting Coach Working on hitting the curveball with teammates is a great way to get started because it helps with repetition. The more you see a specific pitch, the better you get at identifying it and taking advantage. Continuously swinging at pitches may be enough to train yourself on hitting a curveball. Getting with your team’s hitting coach or hiring one can be such a valuable tool. Hitting coaches are trained to look at your swing and identify different weaknesses to make your hitting motion more efficient on all pitches. You may be making a fundamental mistake when swinging at curveballs and have no way of knowing you’re doing it. A hitting coach will see these mistakes and give you tips to implement into your swing to be a much more complete batter. To find a hitting coach, do a quick search to find out who is available in your area. If you’re having difficulty finding a coach in your area, there are also great virtual options available. Filming Yourself If you’re not currently on a team or just don’t have the money for the individual attention of hiring a hitting coach, filming yourself is a great secondary option. Typically, people have a more challenging time looking at their swing and identifying issues that may exist, but it is beneficial to watch yourself swinging at a curveball. If you have a keen eye for detail, filming your swing is a great tool. Filming allows you to slow your movements down by the millisecond, identifying those very tiny flaws that make it more difficult to hit a curveball. Pitching Machines Pitching machines are the best way to have a specific repeatable pitch thrown. These machines allow you to adjust the rates at which a pitch is thrown, up to triple-digit speeds. They also allow you to change the type of pitch. These machines are definitely a bit of an investment, but they provide the most specific and repeatable way to identify different pitches. You can choose a particular spot where a ball is thrown and then adjust the speed to see how it reacts based on those variations. Then you would continue to adjust the zone’s area that the curve is coming in to train yourself on every pitch type. These machines also give the added benefit of practicing curveballs as well as pitches like the fastball and other breaking balls. A lot of baseball facilities will have automated pitching machines, but if you’re in the market for your own pitching machine, Amazon provides a lot of great and affordable options. Drills to Help Hit the Curveball No matter who you work with, teammates, friends, family, or a hitting coach, there are a few tried and true drills that can help you become a more proficient curveball batter. There are drills to help specifically hit the 1-7 curveball (or 11-5), the 12-6 curveball, and a mixture of both. Angle Hitting Drill for Hitting Curveballs The angle drill works specifically to help train you against the 1-7 curveball or any curveball that breaks away from your body. Instead of throwing the ball from straight in front of you, your pitching partner will move over to one side (about a 45° angle) and throw balls to you about the same speed as a curveball. Standing to the side forces the ball to fly across the plate at an angle similar to a curveball. Because of this angle, the ball will either fall towards you or away from you. Implementing this drill into your routine will familiarize you with the movement of a curveball. When striking the ball, focus on driving the ball to the middle of the field. For a great example of the angle hitting drill, check out the video below. Lob Drill for Hitting Curveballs Your pitching partner will stand closer to you than a typical pitcher would (roughly30 feet away) and toss overhand lobs over the plate. Pitchers can do this at varying heights and speeds to get you used to the different locations of pitches. This drill is specifically geared towards hitting the 12-6 curveball as the ball will drop straight down. The lob drill will help you work on timing and staying back on these types of pitches. It also enables you to get used to the different speeds of pitches you’ll see on the field. For a great example of the Lob Drill, check out the following video from Ripken Baseball. Plastic Ball Drill The final drill that can help with all types of curveballs you can potentially see is the plastic ball drill. Have your pitching buddy throw a plastic ball or a wiffle ball for batting practice instead of a real baseball. Something similar to a ball found in ball pits is the perfect ball for this drill. These plastic balls are similar in size to an actual baseball and can have exaggerated dramatic movements with just a small amount of spin added. This drill is especially helpful if you’re working with someone who wouldn’t ordinarily be able to throw a curveball because these balls curve so easily. Since plastic balls and wiffle balls can have such dramatic movement, it trains you to keep your eye on the ball and sync your swing. By using a real bat and swinging at plastic balls, this drill is an excellent drill for training yourself not to swing at every pitch. As an example of this drill, check out the video below. Only Swing at Curveballs That Are Strikes An essential key to remember is that you only want to swing at a pitch when it’s a strike. Sounds fairly simple, but when you’re facing a curveball that starts in the strike zone and then drops out of the strike zone it can be pretty tempting to swing. Also, take some time during batting practice to learn where your strike zone is at. The strike zone is defined as the area between the shoulders and knees when a batter has taken their stance, but you’ll also find out that not all umpires have the same strike zone. So taking some time to learn where your strike zone is at will help you recognize whether the pitch will be a strike or a ball. Keep in mind, any ball thrown within the strike zone should be hittable for the batter without making any extra manipulations with their bodies or hands. So making sure the pitch is a strike means you’ll have a better chance of getting that base hit. Keep a Good Batting Posture The only time a player should swing at a pitch is when it’s in the strike zone. When a ball is within the strike zone, batters can keep their proper hitting posture and attack the ball, no matter where it ends up within that zone. Curveballs often make batters chase after the ball because they start within the zone and then break away. Batters who continuously keep their posture while in the batter’s box will rarely chase bad pitches. There’s no way to connect with a ball that’s out of the strike zone when the correct posture is kept. This posture tip is easier said than done. The point of a curveball is to get the batter to chase after the ball because they think it’s staying in the zone. The more you work on staying in the correct posture, the more you’ll train yourself on when there’s a pitch you can attack and when there’s one you should avoid. Swing Late on a Curveball Curveballs are so tricky to hit because, as we mentioned earlier, they are supposed to mimic a fastball out of the pitcher’s hand. Since fastballs get to the glove so quickly, batters often want to swing early to get ahead of the ball to give themselves the best chance of making contact. Off-speed pitches, like a curveball, are used to take advantage of batters who swing early. The hitting motion of batters should be one fluid movement. Typically, batters will pick up their front foot then shift their weight forward as they bring that foot back to the ground and swing through the ball. Off-speed pitches work against the fluid movement of your swing. If you wait fractionally and don’t commit to shifting your weight through the swing, you’ll put yourself in a better hitting position to take advantage of any pitch. Waiting a bit later to start your motion will give you a small window to see if the ball is breaking out of the strike zone. Knowing Your Opponent It may come as a surprise to some, but pitchers, even on the major league level, aren’t necessarily proficient at throwing every type of pitch. And pitchers in lower-level leagues will have an even lower proficiency and a lower amount of pitch types to throw. Because of this lack of proficiency, you must know the pitcher that you’re facing. Pitchers often look to use their strengths against you rather than exploiting your weakness. Pitchers won’t attempt something they aren’t comfortable with just because it’s your weakness. Instead, most pitchers will throw pitches they are comfortable with throwing. Therefore, you’ll find a much larger degree of success if you know: • The pitches they like throwing • When they throw these types of pitches • Which type of hitter they throw these pitches to Look for Pitchers Tipping Their Pitches Pitchers work very diligently to disguise their pitches and make each throw look the same as it leaves their hand, but from my experience, there are still quite a few pitchers out there that have a difficult time disguising which pitches they are throwing. Pitcher Throwing Pitch The more you watch a pitcher and become familiar with their throwing style, the easier you’ll be able to discern slight differences that tell which pitch is coming. Pitchers can tip their throws based on numerous factors. These factors include: • Different Arm Angles: A pitcher may have a slightly varying arm angle based on the pitch they throw. Some pitchers could have a certain arm angle associated with a specific pitch so keep an eye out for those slight differences. • Different Pitching Mechanics: Inexperienced pitchers often have other mechanical-tells based on the pitches being thrown. Take a curveball for example – an inexperienced pitcher might exaggerate the ball’s topspin through their mechanics or they could take an extra second to go through their wind-up. Both of these scenarios can immediately alert the batter to what pitch is coming. • Different Arm Speeds: Curveballs and change-ups are much slower in speed than a two-seam fastball. Pitchers will sometimes slow down their arm speed in a noticeable manner when throwing these slower pitches versus their fastball. This speed change is a massive tipoff to the batter of what’s coming. • Hand Visibility: Pitchers hold their hands in their gloves to hide their hand from the batter. Inexperienced pitchers will carelessly show their hand, giving the batter an immediate advantage of the pitch coming. • Grip Speed: A pitcher’s hands need to be in a specific position on the ball when throwing different pitches. While standing in their set position on the mound, a pitcher may tip their pitch by changing the time it takes to get their hands in the correct place on the ball. • Time to Throw: If a pitcher is comfortable throwing a pitch, the time it takes them from when they and the catcher agree on the pitch to when it leaves their hand should be consistent. A pitcher may change the time to throw based on the pitch they’re throwing. Keep an eye on anything out of the ordinary that may be a clue to the kind of throw that’s coming. Watch the Bullpen to Study the Pitcher If you don’t have much information on the pitcher you’re facing, a quick way to gain some knowledge is to watch them in the bullpen while they warm up. Watching the pitcher warm-up will help you see if you can pick up on any potential ways they may be tipping their pitches. You will also see what pitches they’re comfortable throwing and where they’re locating those pitches. If they are comfortable throwing the curveball, maybe they prefer it to start high and end in the zone, or perhaps low and away. Watching the opposing pitcher warm-up should give you a good idea of how you can exploit their pitching mechanics. Look for What Pitches the Pitcher is Comfortable Throwing Today Even If you’re familiar with the pitcher you’re up against, watching the bullpen is still a great way to gain new information. The location of pitchers’ throws can change daily. They may typically like to throw low in the zone, but for whatever reason, their throws are staying higher in the zone than they prefer. Some pitchers also have off-days on their types of pitches. If their curveball is not working too well today then there’s a good chance they may not be throwing it as much during the game. If you watch the pitcher warm-up, you’ll notice these shifts in their pitching and be able to adjust to these shifts when you face off. What Creates Movement on a Curveball The movement of a curveball is a dramatic shift that forces the baseball down and across. This movement is more than just the gravitational forces taking over from when the ball leaves the pitcher’s hand to when it hits the back of the catcher’s glove. This pitch is so dramatic and so difficult to hit due to the Magnus Effect How the Magnus Effect Impacts the Pitch The Magnus Effect occurs when the baseball’s forward spin creates a high-pressure zone above the ball and a low-pressure zone underneath it. The high-pressure area above, coupled with the low-pressure zone below, works to push the ball downward, actually increasing the gravitational effects on the baseball. The higher the ball’s spin rate, the more these pressure zones increase, leading to more dramatic movement. Magnus Effect on a Fast Ball vs a Curveball The curveball is supposed to mimic a fastball when it leaves the pitchers hand. The Magnus Effect, however, has the opposite effect on this pitch. When a fastball leaves a pitcher’s hand, it has an exceptional amount of backspin, the opposite spin created with a curveball. This backspin on the fastball creates a low-pressure zone above the ball and a high-pressure zone below the ball. As you might have guessed, this spin works to counteract the ball’s gravitational forces, keeping it on a straight line for as long as possible. Though these two pitches might look the same when they leave the pitcher’s hand, they differ significantly once they hit the catcher’s mitt. Speed of the Pitch Impacts Its Movement The speed of the pitch makes quite a difference in how much movement you’ll see from a curveball. As we’ve discussed with the Magnus Effect, the faster you throw the ball, the sharper the ball’s movement. At the same time, the faster the ball is traveling, the less gravity will pull the ball down. A curveball thrown more slowly is pitched to end in the strike zone. This pitch will have to start high to compensate for the slower velocity. A curveball thrown more quickly is expected to begin in the strike zone and break out of the area to deceive the batter into swinging at a bad pitch. Of course, these tendencies aren’t always accurate. It’s just important to note that a slower pitch will have to start higher, even though the Magnus Effect won’t have as large of an impact. The opposite is then also true of a higher velocity curveball. The Perfect Curveball Falls Low and Away in the Zone As we’ve briefly discussed, a curveball is a pitch that can both sink and move to one side, depending on which hand you use to throw the ball. Amazingly, the curveball can be both the easiest pitch to hit, as well as the most difficult. Sometimes referred to as a perfect pitch is a curveball that falls low and away from a batter, making it nearly impossible to hit. A right-handed pitcher can only throw this kind of pitch to a right-handed batter because the ball naturally falls to the left, away from that batter. Left-handed pitchers can only throw this perfect pitch to left-handed hitters. And even though it wouldn’t be referred to as the “perfect pitch”, right-handed pitchers can still throw a curve to a left-handed batter, and it can be very effective. This pitch will just end up on the inside of the batter’s body, jamming their swing but still allowing them to get some wood on the ball. Final Thoughts Though the curveball can be one of the most difficult pitches to hit, there are ways to make yourself much more proficient through practice. A perfect pitch will always beat the perfect swing, so it’s important to limit your mistakes and know when it’s the correct time to swing. Steve Nelson Recent Posts
Many Type and Lines of Intelligence - why you are smarter than you know What is intelligence? How do you know how smart you are? 'Multiple intelligences' (concept developed by Howard Gardner) or 'lines of development' (Ken Wilber) refer generally to how we understand, appreciate, value, organise and utilise knowledge and experience in our own unique ways. Our culture tends tot favour and praise very limited lines, especially those traditionally associated with academia. Thankfully, society is moving forward with a more enlightened approach to other ways of knowing, doing and being. So what if... you are much smarter, much more capable than you ever thought? (hint... you are!) Here are some guidelines to get you pondering on wider and deeper levels about your own talents and also to perhaps spot areas to work on to help overcome hurdles too. I'm listing all I can identify, not what I personally propose to have any ontological 'truth' per se. I have alphabetised them as I believe that they all have potential equal merit - and it's important to move away from the odd cultural assumptions we live amidst that some are somehow 'better' than others. My explanation for each is by no means factual or concrete - it's just a guide based on a rough consensus of different schools of philosophy and my own intuitive understanding. Please do amend, add and adjust what I have offered. Intelligences tend to involve the following abilities or skills of understanding: recognising, identifying, systematising and utilising. A kind of 'sensitivity to the values of...' 🖼 Aesthetic: values of beauty and taste. e.g. You may be naturally good with art and craft. 🧠 Cognitive thinking itself, acquiring knowledge, sorting information and interpretation. e.g. You may be naturally good with philosophy, science, invention, creating stories 💋 Affective: values of emotion and feelings of self and others e.g. You may be naturally good with children, vulnerable and those in need. 👩‍🏫 Ethical/moral: values of 'right and wrong' behaviour e.g. You may be naturally good with the legal system, education and community leadership 🧚‍♂️ Existential: values of searching the 'big questions' about existence e.g. You may be naturally good with thought leadership, personal development 🙋‍♂️ Interpersonal: values of human moods, intentions, motivations, desires and avoidances. e.g. You may be naturally good with psychotherapy, counselling, HR, PR, teaching or sales 🔮 Intrapersonal: values of self-awareness, self-regulation, self-development. e.g. You may be naturally good with entrepreneurship, expressive arts, spiritual life and therapies 🏈 Kinesthetic: awareness and understanding of physical nature of the body, it's sensations and relationship to itself (proprioception) e.g. You may be naturally good with sports, performance art, ergonomics, fashion design, nutrition and food ✍️ Linguistic: values of spoken, written and communicable symbols of shared information e.g. You may be naturally good with writing, speaking, curating, debating, PR, sales ↔️ Logical-mathematical: values of numerical patterns and associations and concrete rules such as 'if X then Y'. e.g. You may be naturally good with the 'hard sciences', accountancy, IT 🎻 Musical: values of harmony, scale, melody, rhythm and timbre. Ability to perform and agent sound accordingly. e.g. You may be naturally good with writing and plying music, mixing music and creating soundscapes. 🌿 Naturalist: values of the natural world of environment, flora and fauna and how they interact. e.g. You may be naturally good with weather, zoology, gardening and botany, astronomy and ecology. 🏗 Spatial: internalised values of external shapes and forms and their changing orientations. e.g. You may be naturally good with graphic design, sports, navigation and designing buildings and construction. 🪐 Spiritual: values of self-awareness, inter-connectedness with larger reality, growth, transformation and/or transcendence. e.g. You may be naturally good with plants and animals, transpersonal healing or inspirational writing.🙋‍♂️ ...and potentially many more... As you can see, there are MANY different kinds of intelligence and we each have a unique kind of ‘intelligence fingerprint’. For example one person might be high on cognitive intelligence and high on aesthetic but lower on emotional. Another might be pretty level across them all. Someone can be an absolute genius on one e.g. spirituality and pretty much undeveloped in others and absent in say moral intelligence… it’s really fascinating to ponder… This is how some philosophers (like Ken Wilber) say that someone can paradoxically be a “spiritual asshole” or “enlightened Nazi” !! • How many types can you think of? • Where do you excel? • Where might you want to put some attention? • How does this idea make you feel? • Can you get excited about newly found opportunity? There’s no exact fact of ‘what’ and how we might ‘measure’ such things as types or lines of intelligence with any hard 100% concrete agreed upon accuracy, but that doesn't actually matter. What does matter is in recognising the variety of human expression can helps us grow and feel empowers to explore new ideas. Now let's combine them, let's play and see how creative we can be... We all have a spectrum of intelligence that makes our unique talents, traits and challenges. We may We can also work any one we like and improve a perfect blend to help us achieve a goal, e.g. pairing spatial awareness with aesthetic will give us a perfect toolkit for graphic design that is appealing as art and functional. Imagine the following scenarios:\| • You want to improve your artistic skills, say painting... but you feel like you totally suck at it and your 2nd year art teacher confirmed this (and you wont let that go). Choice: Stay stuck in this 'I suck mindset'... or examine your lines of development (intelligence types) for a shake up and start practicing activities that will enhance your aesthetic (e.g. go to art gallery and look at 'great art' and wonder why), maybe also consider the spatial (play spatial games like Tetris or construction toys) and explore the affective emotional side by engaging with your own feelings about what my art is about. • You might like to be a psychologist but the guidelines say you'll need to study statistics... and your maths is super crappola. Choice: Don't apply and always wonder or.... do apply whilst engaging in up-levelling your logical/math line, maybe by playing with number games with your spouse, drawing our sacred geometry, building simple logic circuit boards (you can get these games for kids online!). • Maybe you want to get close to nature but you are always getting stung by things or getting caught in the rain without a jacket/brolly/car... Choice: Stay in and stay wanting or, look at how you can up your naturalism line AND your logic! Take to learning about weather patterns and animal behaviour, then observe the logical pattern of interaction between weather patterns and the animals' behaviour. Simple, right? Then begin to predict your need for attire and the presence or absence of certain species... How might you now react to an ongoing issue or challenge in your life? How could you systematically up-level your life? In the IF Crowd, we regularly design and plan out really fun personal and group activities for ourselves to do exactly this... to develop, to grow. Psi for now Kirsty Ψ x 50% Complete Two Step
Nothing beats a good night of sleep. But what if sleep doesn’t work? New research shows that teenagers stay on their phones and keep messaging others in the evening, which causes sleeping problems. For this we have a special for all the night owls: seven tips to doze off quickly and easily. Perhaps it all sounds very familiar: blue light from smartphones and tablets is disastrous for your night’s rest and this has been mentioned for a while now. But now, for the first time, thorough research has been done in the US. 1300 young people and children were interviewed by the National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM). This shows that more than eighty percent (!) of young people between the ages of thirteen to eighteen use a screen in the evening. The result: they fall asleep later, wake up at night and on average sleep up to forty minutes shorter.During the day they often have trouble staying awake. What can you do about it, except of course put away that cell phone? 1. Turn your alarm clock around alarm clock Put your alarm clock out of sight, because it will only give you extra stress if you are constantly staring at the clock. There is more to life than just the duration of your sleep. The quality and depth of your sleep also determines how rested you wake up. 2. Make a ‘care list’ Before going to sleep, write down everything on paper that you can worry about. Once you have written down all your worries, you no longer have to remember them. 3. Eat something light Can’t sleep because you are hungry? Then eat a light snack, such as a cracker with cheese or some fruit. Certainly do not eat chocolate, greasy things or sweets. That energy will only keep you awake. 4. Calming music Listen to calming sleep music. There is music that is specially designed to generate slow brain waves so that you get sleepy faster. YouTube and Spotify have endless sleeping music. Try out what works for you. 5. Provide fresh air bed room forrest You sleep faster and better when your body cools down. Always set your thermostat low and open a window. What can also help is a hot shower just before you go to sleep. Your body cools down even more when you are in bed. 6. Do the 4-7-8 technique Breathe in and out and make a “whoosh” sound aloud. Then gently press the tip of your tongue against your gums. Then breathe in for four seconds, hold it for seven seconds and breathe out in eight seconds with sound. Repeat as long as you want. It will make you extremely relaxed. 7. Breathe on the left This sounds crazy, but maybe it works for you. If you cannot sleep, gently close your right nostril with your right thumb and breathe through your left nostril. This should slow your heart rate slowly. This would allow you to relax better and fall asleep faster. Leave a Comment
A-Z: General definitions: Counter-Reformation Also known as the Catholic Revival or Catholic Revolution, this was a response by the Roman Catholic Church in Europe to the Protestant Reformation during the period from the Council of Trent (1545 - 1563) to the end of the Thirty Years War in 1648 Scan and go Scan on your mobile for direct link.
Starbucks: Climate Change Responsibility in the Supply Chain With coffee supply threat on the horizon, climate change poses a great challenge to Starbucks' future Agriculture is one of the most highly impacted sectors in the world by climate change. By the very nature of agriculture, it is dependent on climate. Coffee is one of the agriculture product that falls victim to the impacts on climate change and is an industry that faces serious challenges in the future as a result. Severe hurricanes, extreme temperatures and disproportional high-altitude rains have enabled an onslaught of high cost diseases and pests that directly impact coffee farms and coffee yield [1]. In 2013 the damage in Central America, a region containing some of the most important coffee producing countries [2], was about half a billion dollars and put 350,000 people out of work [1]. Just like Central America, most other coffee producing regions in the world are experiencing similarly worrisome effects as a result of climate change. So much so, that a new report from the Climate Institute claims that by 2050 suitable area to grow coffee will be halved [3]. This should be worrisome for everybody, but it is, not surprisingly, particularly worrisome for coffee producers, such as Starbucks. The threat climate change poses to global coffee supply, if anything remotely close to the startling statistics mentioned above, fundamentally threatens Starbucks’ operating model. As a result, Starbucks has implemented several initiatives around sustainability, several of them designed to address the impact climate change is having in their business. Given that the impact on coffee plantations takes place outside of the Starbucks organization, efforts have been established to assist their coffee suppliers, whilst internally the company has started its own initiatives to address the impact that its operating activities are having on climate change. First, Starbucks has established a goal designed to increase loans provided to coffee farmers and their communities to help finance activities such as tree renovation (replacement), with the objective of helping farmers increase their yields. Their goal of increasing farmer loans to $20 million was surpassed by 2015 [4]. Exhibit A. Illustration of farmer loan increase initiative Source: Starbucks Global Responsibility Report 2015 Another initiative that Starbucks has is the Farmer Support Center initiative, with the intent to “provide local farmers with resources and expertise that can help lower their cost of production, reduce pest and disease, improve coffee quality and increase the yield of premium coffees” [5]. By helping farmers in such a way, it helps them circumvent part of the impact they have experienced from climate change. Exhibit B. Farmer Support locations, including Support Centers Source: Starbucks corporate website, Responsibility, Community With regards to Starbucks’ own operations, they have several initiatives with specific goals underway. They have the goal of building all new, company-operated stores to achieve LEED certification; they have 700 LEED certified stores, more than any retailer [4]. Additionally, they are hoping to reduce energy consumption by 25% in company operated store; this has proven to be a lofty goal, threatened by the fact that given that food has become prevalent in their stores and requires additional energy consumption [4]. Starbucks is also hoping to purchase renewable energy equivalent to 100% of electricity used in their global company-operated stores. Furthermore, they are targeted a 25% reduction in water consumption in company-operated stores in 2015, which was surpassed with a 26.5%. Exhibit C. Starbucks Responsibility Goals for 2015 Source: Starbucks Global Responsibility Report 2015 Starbucks’ is in a complicated position in the context of its supply chain, given that climate change has a direct impact on its sustainability as a business by virtue of the impact it has on coffee farms, but they have few levers to pull to help directly overcome the challenges of climate change for their suppliers. They have direct control of their environmental impact they have as a result of their operations, but not entirely for their suppliers. They have been publicly vocal about support for climate change regulation that would potentially help on a more macro level, such as supporting President Obama’s “American Business Act on Climate Change Pledge” [6]. As a result, when assessing their efforts to alleviate the impacts of climate change, it is important to keep this in mind. That being said, looking at their progress in achieving the goals that they have set in Exhibit C, it seems that they could step up their game in achieving them or evening setting loftier goals. In particular, their LEED certification rate and water reduction efforts. Moreover, Starbucks needs to be more disciplined and rigorous about taking into consideration these sustainability goals as they make business decisions that pose a challenge on accomplishing them, such as how growth into new sectors, such as heated foods, impacts their energy mix (to the detriment of the initiatives) [7]. Starbucks will be releasing their 2016 responsibility goals, with a vision on 2020 and a promise to be more ambitions and do more; I hope they live up to this promise. Exhibit D. Starbucks Greenhouse Gas Footprint 2013 – 2015 Source: Starbucks corporate website, Responsibility, Global Report Word count = 771 1. Slezak, Michael. “Climate Change Predicted to Halve Coffee-growing Area That Supports 120m People.” The Guardian. Guardian News and Media, 2016. Web. 03 Nov. 2016. 2. “Coffee Producing Countries \| Regions, Statistics, Best Brands.” Turkish Style Coffee. N.p., n.d. Web. 03 Nov. 2016. 3. Slawson, Nicola. “Coffee and Climate Change: What You Need to Know.” The Guardian. Guardian News and Media, 2016. Web. 03 Nov. 2016. 4. Starbucks Global Responsibility Report 2015 5. Starbucks corporate website. Responsibility>Community>Farmer Support. 6. “McDonalds, Starbucks and Nike Sign Obama Climate Pledge.” The Week UK. N.p., 2015. Web. 04 Nov. 2016. 7. Starbucks corporate website. Responsibility>Environment>Climate Change Tesla: Leading The Charge Toward A More Sustainable Future Coca-Cola – Refreshing the World? Student comments on Starbucks: Climate Change Responsibility in the Supply Chain 1. As a coffee-lover, this reads like a horror story! As a fan of Starbucks, I am very curious to see measures of the impact of their farmer-outreach and support initiatives. It seems unlikely that future demand can be met entirely by changing farmers practices and replacing trees. Rather, increased productivity and increases in land farmed seem likely to exacerbate climate change problems related to water usage, forest conservation, etc. And while you pointed out that in-store electricity use will remain a continuing challenge, total consumption per store seems to be stable or improving – let’s hope that trend continues! 2. I certainly agree that Starbucks is in a difficult position given its business model and the challenges facing agriculture more broadly. Starbucks certainly is making an admirable push to reduce water usage and in holding all of it’s stores to a LEED standard. Hopefully other fast-service restaurants will follow in their footsteps. Can Starbucks be doing a lot more though? Should they vertically integrate by purchasing farms outright so they can fully control farming practices and standards – instead of just making loans to farmers? Their focus on this integral part of their business (without coffee supply Starbucks will cease to exist!) seems haphazard, at best. Starbucks operates a global company with stores located all over the world, yet it continues to push the agriculture volatility risk onto the farmer. Their farmers are located in some of the poorest economic regions in the globe, and yet all they are doing is providing small loans ($20 million in loans versus $19.2 billion of revenue generated in 2015 alone) and providing farmers with “expertise” to approach best practices. Leave a comment
The dark side of sustainability standards A- A A+ If you are at all an attentive consumer, you surely will have noticed that we are increasingly surrounded by ‘sustainable’ products. However there is no clear and univocal answer as to what this means: on the contrary, it seems that the label ‘sustainable’ means everything and nothing at the same time. The blurred concept of sustainability First of all, the attribute ‘sustainable’ can be given to a product without an evaluation of all pillars of ‘sustainability’. To the extent the concept of sustainability is a direct descendant of the notion of ‘sustainable development’, sustainability is a composite of environmental, social and economic sustainability. Nonetheless, sometimes (but not always) a product is declared ‘sustainable’ because it is environmentally sustainable, while social—and especially economic—aspects are left out of the picture. Another line of differentiation regards the object of sustainability: sometimes the attribute ‘sustainable’ refers to the characteristics of the process of production while other times it addresses only product features, such as the environmental impact of the use of the product in question. To the consumer feeling confused I wish to say: don’t despair, it’s not you, that of sustainable products is indeed a wild world. Lack of regulation and voluntary standards But there is more to this: while the concept was probably not deliberately designed to be confused and confusing, there has been no effort to clarify the criteria needed to be labelled ‘sustainable’. As a matter of fact, there is no international regulation or administrative body that can compel any private actor to comply with sustainability requirements; the entire matter is left to voluntary self-regulation by companies. As a result, companies adopt ‘voluntary sustainability standards’ which can be drafted either by third party standard organisations or by the companies themselves. This voluntary and private approach to standards has led to a proliferation of sustainability schemes with the result that there is little actual standardisation. We can immediately spot the leak: how much will a company be willing to self-impose obligations that is, costs, in order to increase the sustainability of its products (processes of production or products strictu sensu)? The answer is simple: to the extent it will be able to extract value from such a move towards sustainability. The dark side: value extraction by means of commodification of sustainability practices The voluntary standards-based system allows for a ‘commodification’ of sustainability practices, whereby value is extracted from the alleged effort made by companies to comply with sustainability standards. This extraction is made possible by the idiosyncrasy of the mixture of internal and external standards to which every company subscribes and that make their products ‘sustainable’ in a different way than those of other companies. At first glance, this can be considered a positive effect: the existing system promotes competition on the basis of sustainability of products. However, the system of sustainability standards has a dark side—the commodification of sustainability practices. The value extraction means that sustainable products justify a higher price to be paid by consumers—especially if the company offers a unique tailor-made combination of sustainability standards, some of which may even be covered by trademark protection—while the costs of production are not necessarily higher. The status quo benefits corporations to the detriment of consumers Most consumer products are produced through global value chains (GVCs). From a legal perspective, these chains are nothing more than chains of contracts that are led by a company, usually the company with the final brand on the product (e.g. Apple, Samsung, Inditex, Levi Strauss, etc.). As a result, the company that adopts voluntary sustainability standards is not the actor that must comply with them de facto: the obligation to comply is transferred to the contractors which supply the products to the chain leaders. However, as is often the case, these contractors might not be operating under the economic and social conditions necessary to comply with sustainability standards. GVCs allow companies to increase the price of sustainable products, without directly paying the costs associated with them. Furthermore, if contractors have not complied and it is discovered that sustainability standards have not been met, GVCs leading companies are not held responsible for that, either. Not all companies disclose the measures they adopt when contractors fail to meet sustainability standards; reactions may vary depending on the gravity of the lapse. However, due to the contractual nature of the bond, ending the contract is always an available option. This is a win-win situation from the perspective of the company: the only cost to bear is that of subscribing to the sustainability standard schemes (yes, companies have often to pay a membership fee in order to receive a certificate or label, such as in the case of the Better Cotton Initiative, a very popular label for organic cotton while the gain economic and reputation benefits). Conclusion: No ‘green light’, yet As a result, while alleged sustainability practices are misused to justify an increase in product prices that is paid by consumers, the actual costs of sustainability are not paid by the companies that declare the products sustainable. This is how companies extract value from sustainability practices, turning sustainability itself into a product. The dark side of sustainability standards is extremely opaque, and regulators do not seem able to shed light on the matter. Unless a clear choice is made on which values deserve actual promotion and protection, not even the brand new ‘Green claims initiative’ recently announced by the European Commission will challenge the system. Rebecca Ravalli is a PhD researcher at the Law Department of the European University Institute. Her PhD project deals with sustainable production and sustainable consumption in GVCs. Her research interests include European consumer law, voluntary sustainability standards, corporate social responsibility, international economic law and regulatory theory.
Ferrebeekeeper has presented catfish which live beneath the water table, chickens which look like they have no head, 600 pound turtles, clams which have been alive since the 17th century, and turkeys which give virgin birth…not to mention the “King of Herring” the world’s longest bony fish. We are no strangers to strange creatures! But today we come face to face (?) with what might be the strangest creature of them all! Steel yourselves for a creature which is literally made of metal! [crazy metal guitar solo] And here it is! Behold the scaly foot gastopod (Chrysomallon squamiferum) a tiny snail [5 cm] which lives in the Indian Ocean! Um, maybe I need to add some context to help explain why this small drab mollusk is so exceedingly strange. First of all, the scaly foot snail is a creature of the deeps: the snails live on (in? around?) deep sea ocean vents which are at least 2,400 meters beneath the ocean surface. Specimens have been discovered as deep as 2,900 meters below sea level. In British Imperial measurement that is 1.5 to 2 miles underwater! And these snails live on/in/around hydrothermal vents where water temperature can reach 400° Celsius (about 750° Fahrenheit) and where oxygen is scarce and yet hydrogen sulfide is abundant. In case all of this was not unusual enough for you, the snails are all simultaneous hermaphrodites (meaning they have complete functioning sets of reproductive organs of both genders and frequently self-fertilize). Yet the strangest thing about the scaly foot snail is what it eats: nothing! Or to be more specific the adult creatures are obligate symbiotrophs–the snails live on the secretions of gammaproteobacteria which live within their oesophageal glands. The bacteria are extremophiles which metabolize the chemical rich waters of the vents. These snails do not live directly or indirectly from photosynthesis! The snail’s signature feature may be its armor. The shell is a three level composite of iron sulfide on the outside, protein in the middle, and calcium carbonate on the inside. Like wise the snails’ sensitive feet are covered in composite nodules of iron sulfide and protein. All of this armor keeps the little snails safe from the predators of the vent ecosystem–strange crustaceans which look like furry white lobsters and larger predatory snails. I wrote briefly about this snail about a decade ago, when I concentrated more on the uniqueness of its armor. Back in those days we thought that nothing could possibly harm the scaly-foot snail, a creature which I imagined to be perfectly safe in its own little alien world at the bottom of the ocean (except for occasional predation by those larger snail, of course). But Earth’s greediest animal has a habit of getting everywhere and lately the scaly foot snail has been endangered by deep sea mining operations which aim to harvest the rare and valuable minerals around deep sea vents. It is hard to believe that our arms have grown long enough to harass these poor little weirdos in their little suits of armor a mile and a half beneath the waves, but, frankly I may have misspoke about which animal is really the weirdest Swimming - Olympics: Day 4(Photo by Pascal Le Segretain/Getty Images) As you have probably guessed, all of my posts this week have been about Brazil because I have been fixated on the Olympics, the worlds’ foremost sports competition. The 2016 Brazil Summer Olympics are the 31st Olympics (or I should maybe write “XXXI” Olympics) of the modern era. That last phrase is significant. There were Olympics of the ancient classical past and today’s Olympics were deliberately created in homage to these Greco-Roman games. The ancient Olympics were held every four years at the sanctuary of Zeus in Olympia Greece. According to myth, the Olympics were founded by Heracles in honor of his father Zeus. After he completed his twelve great labors and thus freed himself of the taint of murder and madness, Heracles built a beautiful stadium in honor of his father, the king of heaven. He then walked 200 heroic paces and proclaimed this distance to be a “stadion” one of the principle units of distance in Greek society. The Panhellenic games were held every four years (a unit of time known as an “Olympiad”). Although the origins of the games are shrouded in epic myth, the games basically lasted from 776 BC until 393 AD–when they were suppressed and ended by Theodosius I in a bout of anti-pagan Christian fundamentalism. The ancient games featured running, jumping, discus, javelin, wrestling, pentathlon, boxing, pankration (a nightmarish no-holds barred ultimate fighting event), and equestrian events including riding and chariot races. Art and poetry competitions were also held at the Olympics—a notable difference from these modern games! The athletic events were held in the nude with a few notable exceptions (which I will get to shortly). Only freeborn Greek men were allowed to participate. Some of the greatest athletes of the ancient games are still remembered to this day: Varazdat, the peerless Armenian boxer; the famously handsome Melankomas; the jumper Chionis of Sparta whose distance records held until the modern Olympics; Milo, the greatest wrestler of history (who was also a poet and mathematician); and, perhaps greatest of all, Leonidas of Rhodes–champion runner of 4 Olympiads. Leonidas of Rhodes competed in four successive Olympics games (164BC, 160BC, 156BC and 152BC). He was peerless at sprinting the stadion (which was about 200 meters). Leonidas was also gifted at running the fast “diaulos” which was twice as long as the stadion. Both of these races were fleet nude foot races which would be more-or-less familiar today (although modern athletes must wear little loincloths or smallclothes and sundry plastic placards branded with the name of rich patrons and sponsors). Leonidas was the victor at the stadion and the diaulos in each of the four Olympics he attended (in the classical Olympics, the winner of an event received a crown made of laurel and there were no silvers and bronzes). What set Leonidas apart from other great runners was that he could also win the hoplitodromos—the race in armor! The hoplitodromos was a long distance race meant to approximate the rigors of classical infantry maneuvers. Participants raced in 50 pounds of bulky equipment including heavy bronze helmet, breastplate, greaves, and a wooden shield (although the exact details are lost in the mists of history). The runners had to carry all of this kit and execute fast turns in blazing 90 degree heat. It was thought that a light swift runner capable of winning the stadion and the diaulos could not also win the grueling hoplitodromos—but it turned out that conventional wisdom was wrong. Leonidas won the laurel in all three events in all four Olympics he ran in. His record of 12 individual victories—laurels in three distinct events over 16 years–has stood the test of time well. It endured 2168 years until Michael Phelps surpassed it yesterday (August 11th 2016) in the pool. But who can say what deeds of athletic prowess might have supplanted Leonidas’ accomplishment during the dark ages when the Olympics lay dormant? If only Theodosius and grim-mouthed Christians had not ruined the fun for everyone for 1500 years, some Lithuanian lancer or Burgundian coustillier or Scottish yeoman could have won 12 gold medals at jousting or barrel dancing or monk-hurling lo Pallas Athena (Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn, ca. 1655) Athena of Piraeus (detail) A Qin Helmet (circa 221 to 207 BC.) Alleged Song Dynasty style helmet/headdress Late Ming Helmet (end of the17th century) Emperor's helmet: Qianlong period (1736 AD-1795 AD) British Mark II Helmet Used by Chinese troops in World War II Contemporary Chinese Combat helmet Kevlar Combat Helmet (ca. present) The Giant Armadillo (Priodontes maximus) Doedicurus clavicaudatus Human Hunters Stalk a Glyptodon (Heinrich Harder) Gothic Armor (available for sale at!) A Fine German Sallet with associated Bevor, circa 1475 Knight (Albrecht Durer, 1498)) A Chiton (Tonicella lokii) off the coast of California Another Chiton (Tonicella marmoreal) Cryptoconchus porosus Pink Fairy Armadillo (Chlamyphorus truncates) Drawing by Frohickey Digital Artwork by Loba Feroz Art by Guertelmaus Sculpture by Michelle de Bruin Cartoon by Blade Zulah The Giant Ground Pangolin of Africa (Manis gigantea) A climbing tree pangolin A smuggled pangolin rescued by police A baby pangolin sheltering with its mother Ye Olde Ferrebeekeeper Archives October 2021
President Gerald Ford Day July 14, 2018 all-day In honor of the only President from Michigan, the Michigan Legislature passed the following legislation (MCL 435.302): ec. 2. (1) The legislature recognizes the exceptional contributions to American life, history, and leadership made by Gerald R. Ford, the thirty-eighth president of the United States and the only United States president from Michigan, who for decades has served the United States and the state of Michigan. For much of his life, President Ford resided in Grand Rapids. He attended South high school in Grand Rapids and the university of Michigan in Ann Arbor. He served with distinction as a member of the United States house of representatives, vice president of the United States, and president of the United States. Among numerous other awards and honors, President Ford has received the Medal of Freedom, the highest civilian award in the nation, and the Congressional Gold Medal for his “dedicated public service and outstanding humanitarian contributions”. In commemoration of the significant role Gerald R. Ford has played in the history of the state of Michigan and our nation, the legislature declares that July 14 of each year shall be known as “President Gerald R. Ford Day”. (2) The legislature encourages each individual in the great state of Michigan to pause on President Gerald R. Ford day and reflect upon the significance of President Ford’s leadership and important contributions to the history of the state of Michigan and to the history of this great nation. Leave a Reply Logged in as admin. Log out?
For most of you, if you ever get a muscular injury from exercise or the wrong movement, you will immediately be recommended the RICE formula (rest, ice, compression, elevation). However, in recent years, scientists and doctors have started doubting whether ice is really helping more than it is hurting. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used to treat and manage pain, injuries, and other maladies internally and externally in the body for thousands of years. Certain TCM therapies such as the use of chamomile, ginseng, garlic, and acupuncture have been growing in popularity among people in the West. However, people have also started looking to TCM to treat their muscle injuries as well. They key to treating a muscle injury is inflammation Inflammation is the first symptom you will receive, after the initial pain of course, when you injure a muscle. While inflammation might seem like something we want to prevent, it is actually necessary for the healing process. You see, when something threatens the body, whether it be an injury, wound, bacteria, or irritant, the body sends white blood cells to the area to try and prevent or treat the problem. In order for white blood cells to get to the affected area, your blood vessels become wider and, therefore, the area becomes hot and red. What traditional Chinese medicine can help with is boosting your circulation so that those immune system cells can get to the right place faster and do their job better. Chinese medicinal herbs that promote blood circulation include: Treat muscle injuries with heat The problem with ice is that it restricts the blood vessels in the injured area, which delays the body’s ability to naturally heal itself. Icing an injury provides temporary relief by reducing inflammation, but remember inflammation means the body is healing itself. We don’t want to impede that. Instead, we should be using heat to bolster this natural immune system response. Heat speeds up cellular and metabolic activity, which leads to more optimized oxygen uptake, which boosts healing. Heat therapy can come in the form of Moxibustion (external therapy) and herbal remedies to promote blood circulation (internal therapy). TCM directs the healing process Acupuncture is an excellent therapy for muscle injuries. Acupuncture directs the body where to send its healing agents. Inserting needles in a certain area will create an immune response in that same area. Of course, immediately after a muscular injury, the area may be very sensitive. In this case, acupuncturists can go about it a couple different areas, depending on the injury. They can place their needles above and below the injury, increasing blood flow to the whole general area. They can also place needles in “mirrored” areas, such as the same muscle on the opposite side of the body. Once the muscles itself has progressed on its healing, needles can be placed there specifically to direct the healing process exactly where it needs to work. Traditional Chinese medicine treats the body holistically Let’s not forget that TCM is about balance. When the body is in balance, the immune system will naturally be better equipped to heal injuries and illnesses. While most Western medicine only treats the injured muscle, Chinese medicine focuses on treating the whole body, mind, and spirit. When all three are aligned, the body’s capacity to heal itself is vastly improved. We are more than a bundle of muscles and blood vessels. TCM treats the body as a whole for holistic healing. Consult a licensed physician when needed Traditional Chinese medicine helps the body heal itself. However, there are some injuries that need specific orthopedic interventions. Always consult with licensed acupuncturists, certified herbalists, and physicians (to rule out more serious injuries) when putting together a treatment plan. Leave a comment
How Do You Lay Perforated Drain Tiles? Adequate drainage around a structure and within a landscape is key to preventing unsightly wet spots in the yard and potentially damaging water or dampness in a crawlspace or basement. Basement moisture can lead to the development of mold, structural damage and other serious issues that impact home value and appeal. Perforated drain tiles properly installed next to a foundation and other problem areas in a landscape effectively direct water away from a structure. Excavate a trench or series of connected trenches to accommodate the perforated drain tiles. Use a shovel to cut up sections of turf and place them, as intact as possible, on a tarp for later re-vegetation. Create a trench between about 1 and 2 feet wide, depending on the extent of the drainage issue. Necessary trench depth also varies. If the drain tiles are implemented primarily to protect the foundation from subsurface water, dig the trench up to 6 feet deep. If the primary concern is surface water, a trench only 2 feet deep will suffice. Make sure that the trench extends to a suitable outlet like a ditch, drain field or dry well. Slope the bottom of the trench to facilitate a water flow away from the structure. To force water movement, create a slope of between about 1/2 percent and 2 percent, meaning that the trench bottom will drop between one-half foot and 2 feet in elevation across every 100 horizontal feet. Use a laser level or stakes, string and string level to establish the slope. Line the shaped trench with filter fabric or landscaping cloth if the soil is particularly silty and there is concern that it could easily clog the drain tile. This might not be necessary in sandy or other well-drained sites. Place the perforated drain tile in the center of the trench. If multiple trenches were dug, join sections of perforated drain tiles using fittings of the same material and an adhesive suitable for use with the specific drain tile material. Orient the tile with the perforations horizontal. Check to make sure that the slope established by the trench bottom carries through to the drain tile. Move around the underlying earth as needed to make any adjustments. Cover the perforated drain tile with at least 12 inches of clean, coarse gravel. Lay filter fabric or landscaping cloth over the coarse gravel. The filter fabric allows water to enter the system but blocks the passage of silt and debris, which can clog the perforated drain tile and seriously shorten its effective life. Back fill the remainder of the trench with soil that was removed earlier, leaving only enough space at the top to accommodate sections of turf that were removed. Replace the sections of turf that were removed. Water the turf lightly every few days, depending on weather conditions, until the turf is reestablished.
There is an insect in New Zealand that grows nowhere else in the world It is a sort of grasshopper type of insect that is unique to this area, and found no other place on earth. The natives there have always called it the Weta, which means, in their native Maori, “The god of bad looks”. This has to be one of the ugliest creatures alive and the name is quite appropriate. Weta Weta They are large and unwieldy, slow moving and unsightly creatures. They have also been here since the dawn of time. These guys roamed the earth with dinosaurs, and have continued to evolve and to exist since that time. Wetas can grow up to two inches long and weigh about 2 ounces. They can hop incredible lengths, or about two feet a time which is a vast amount given their excessive weight. Wetas are nocturnal hunters, and leave their holes of burrows at night. They sometimes live in caves, while many will live in trees. For an insect the giant weta is a very long lived animal. They are most closely related to the grasshopper, but also the cricket. They are able to produce a high pitched noise known as stridulation, by rubbing their legs together or by rubbing a leg against their own abdomen. weta1 Weta The adult Wetas can live as long as two years. The weta may sometimes interbreed with other types of weta, but when they do, they produce sterile offspring. They live in groups, or small herds of insects, with one male and several females grouping together. When the males are threatened they will hiss as a cockroach is said to do, but they may also bite. They can inflict painful bites, which although not poisonous can produce infection. Find out more about the Weta over at Wikipedia » Leave a Reply to shaun Cancel reply
Antoni Gaudí, the masterpiece of the Sagrada Familia “To do great works, you must first have a love for them; and secondly, technique”. Antoni Gaudí, modernist architect As Cardinal Casañas walked around supervising the projects, the silence around him could be cut with a knife. The workers looked expectantly whenever they took a pause from their work; their children took advantage of breaks between classes at the school built adjacent to the church to get a closer look at the man with the somber appearance and that huge cross on his chest… which must have been quite heavy! The weight was tremendous, but not because of the metal. Days of sorrow were approaching for the Church, although at that point nobody could imagine how sad and hard it would be for him. The visit to the Sagrada Familia, as Gaudí well knew, could be a balm of peace or yet another reason for concern. The brilliant architect knew this was the project of his life. Actually, it was the masterpiece of multiple generations: who knew when it would be finished. But he was fully aware that a project like that could cause unrest in a city that was at a boiling point. As the cardinal turned to approach Gaudí, the wrinkles on his face seemed to have disappeared in a matter of minutes. —”Do you love the Sagrada Familia temple, Mr. Gaudí?” —”Yes, your eminence,” the architect replied vehemently. —”Good. That is all I need to know. Continue leading the project.” The story of how the brilliant architect from Reus had ended up leading that project was among the most serendipitous events in the history of art. A restless person since his youth, Antoni Gaudí flirted with anarchism upon arriving in Barcelona. His sensibility, his way of looking at the world and humanity prevented him from turning a deaf ear to the reality of Barcelona in the late 19th century: as the working class toiled in misery, a tiny percentage of the population—thriving industrial families—capitalized on the wealth generated by factories and commerce. The path chosen by the architect, however, had taken him in a different direction. He loved beauty and its expression in nature, both in the purely artistic sense and the appeal of any noble effort to build a better society. He had developed a true friendship with his patron, Count Güell, based on their shared desire to build a new world: A world where all work was recognized in all its dignity. Where the anarchist utopia was a reality in accordance with human nature. Where, instead of having sides and adversaries, there were brothers working together and mutually benefiting from a relationship where intelligence and kindness intermingled. That is why the proposal of the Sagrada Familia foundation was like the long-awaited answer to his deepest yearnings. “We wish to put forth, in this fractured world, in this society seeming doomed to be divided between the exploiters and the exploited, the ideal of the Sagrada Familia project: Jesus, in all his dignity as the son of God, following the orders of St. Joseph.” When he heard the mission of the foundation, and its intention to build an expiatory temple to atone for the sins of all—employers and workers, rich and poor—he believed it was the culmination of his life’s work: the Colonia Güell, Park Güell, La Pedrera… these were all child’s play compared to what this great temple would be. In the Sagrada Familia, everyone would be represented. Everyone would in some way participate in its construction. In fact, the work itself would become a tangible example of Gaudí’s great ideal: right next to the temple, the architect himself would build a small school for the children of the workers, which itself was a masterpiece of beauty and rationality (the two foundational pillars of all his work) and blessed with the best and most advanced educational methods of the time. “One of the most beautiful things in life is to feel good at work,” he used to say to his workers. What better gesture than to provide the best education for their children, as a clear indicator of Gaudí’s affection and respect for their work. Maybe then he began to understand what a century later would be clearly expressed by Etsuro Sotoo, current chief sculptor of the Sagrada Familia: “The Sagrada Familia is not Gaudí’s masterpiece… it’s the other way around: Gaudí is the masterpiece of the Sagrada Familia.” The intuition that Gaudí already had in his youth was evident in him, in his own biography. The 30-year-old architect who would take over the design and construction of that great temple was not the most technically experienced, but he was perfectly prepared: he knew suffering, he knew the pain of loss, he was sensitive to what that project was all about. Gaudí changed in those years leading up to his death. The Sagrada Familia gradually shaped him; purifying his aspirations, his ego, giving the rest of his projects an abundance of meaning. Sotoo could make a radical statement like that because he, like so many others, had experienced the very same thing; they had largely gone down the same path as Gaudí to encounter God. On the day of Gaudí’s passing, in the hospital where he would take his dying breath, it was decided to make a mask of his face to immortalize that final expression of peace and joy of a noble genius. The sculpture is shown to this day as a testimonial to the joy of a life fulfilled and transformed by the closeness to the loving creator of all the beauty existing in nature. While the life of Gaudí cannot be reduced to a handful of takeaways, we offer these reflections on his work: • “One of the most beautiful things in life is to feel good at work,” a phrase he loved to repeat. • Loving what we do is the best way for us to convey beauty and a sense of purpose around us. • That love transforms us, in a virtuous circle that enhances and enriches the work of our hands. • Starting with reality, nature and everyday life is the ideal method for offering the world transformative and amazing works.
The World Why the Universe Contains Something Rather Than Nothing ✨🤷🏻‍♂️ Who would have thought that answer to the Ultimate Question of Life, the Universe, and Everything lies in giant tank of water 3000 feet under Japan? And the answer is not 42. 👉 Why the Big Bang Produced Something Rather Than Nothing (New York Times) This story is not just about speculation or a cool idea. This story is about scientists working at an underground laboratory in Japan, trying to catch neutrinos, sent from 180 miles away. This experiment helps them understand why matter won over anti-matter at the beginning of time, and thus why the universe is full of, well, stuff (this was apparently not a foregone conclusion 🤷🏻‍♂️). As a result, a universe that started out with a clean balance sheet — equal amounts of matter and antimatter — wound up with an excess of matter: stars, black holes, oceans and us. This article is full of mind-blowing quotes. These ghostly subatomic particles stream from the Big Bang, the sun, exploding stars and other cosmic catastrophes, flooding the universe and slipping through walls and our bodies by the billions every second, like moonlight through a screen door. I love the balanced excitement / skepticism of the scientists, calling this news “undeniably exciting.” There are further plans to send neutrinos from a lab in Illinois 800 miles underground to a giant underground detector at an old gold mine in South Dakota. 🇺🇸 Leave a Reply You are commenting using your account. Log Out / Change ) Google photo Twitter picture Facebook photo Connecting to %s
Quick Answer: Is Gaming Good For Your Eyes? Do video games rot your brain? They also gave them copes of non-violent games from the Super Mario series.. Is Night mode better for eyes? How can we improve our eyesight? Can your eyes get red from playing video games? Common gaming strains include dry eyes, headache, blurred vision, neck and shoulder pain, tired eyes, red eyes, sensitivity to light, and twitchy eyes. Whether you’re playing on a TV, computer, phone, or tablet, your game should never stop because of pain and strain. Can a video game kill you? Is Night mode bad for eyes? Why is dark mode bad? What is the 20/20 rule? Does gaming affect your eyes? Playing video games for extended amounts of time can cause children to experience many of the same symptoms seen in computer vision syndrome in adults. Extensive viewing of the game screen can lead to eye discomfort, fatigue, blurry vision, and headaches. Can playing video games improve eyesight? Video game players may get an unexpected benefit from blowing away bad guys—better vision. Playing “action” video games improves a visual ability crucial for tasks like reading and driving at night, a new study says. Is gaming bad for your brain? Do gamers have better reflexes? U. ROCHESTER (US)—Playing action video games trains people to make the right decisions faster, according to a new study. The action game players were up to 25 percent faster at coming to a conclusion and answered just as many questions correctly as their strategy game playing peers. … Which is better for eyes dark mode or light mode? How do you prevent red eyes? To prevent red eyes from starting or worsening:Avoid smoke, pollen, dust, and other triggers.Do not wear contact lenses until the red eye clears.Always clean lenses properly and do not reuse disposable lenses.Wash your hands regularly and avoid touching the eyes, to prevent infection.More items…• How many hours of video games is unhealthy? How many hours gaming is too much? How do gamers protect their eyes? Probably the most obvious tip to protecting your eyes while gaming is simply stepping away from whatever screen you are playing on. … Positioning the screen further from your face will help reduce eyestrain and, more importantly, reduce the amount of dangerous blue light that hits your eyes. Does gaming make you dumber?
What is the basic unit of information in computing, that represents a logical state of two possible values, such as 1 or 0, true or false, yes or no, or on or off? Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bit Alex Romeo I am a life long learner, trivia connoisseur, writer, and entertainment enthusiast. I have researched and written over 4,000 trivia questions to play on Triviamastermind.com. I hope you enjoy my website! Recent Content
The prisoner’s dilemma in Game theory Let’s analyze the nature of the dilemma assuming that both understand the nature of the game, and that despite being members of the same gang, they have no loyalty to each other and will have no opportunity for retribution or reward outside the game. Prisoner B stays silent Prisoner B betrays Prisoner A stays silent Each serves 1 year Prisoner A: 3 years Prisoner B: goes free Prisoner A betrays Prisoner A: goes free Prisoner B: 3 years Each serves 2 years Please try to think over the solution for a while and analyze each case yourself. By analyzing the table we can see that: You are always punished less for choosing to betray the other person. However, as a group, both of you fare better by cooperating(remaining silent). Think over the above statement for a while. If you have problem in analyzing this then you can watch this video: Khan Academy’s explaination This is the dilemma both the prisoner’s face. Should one cooperate or betray? Even if the best solution would be both the prisoners cooperating with each other but due to uncertainty on each other both of them betray each other getting a lesser optimum solution. This can be observed in may real-life cases like: • A pair working on a project. You do best if your competitor does all the work, since you get the same grade. But if neither of you do the work, you both fail. • Advertising. If both companies spend money on advertising, their market share won’t change from if neither does. But if one company outspends the other, they will receive a benefit. The prisoner’s dilemma demonstrates that two rational people might not cooperate even if it is in their best interest to do so. Just keep looking around in this beautiful world. Who knows you can find yourself in a prisoner’s dilemma one day! This article is attributed to GeeksforGeeks.org You Might Also Like leave a comment load comments Subscribe to Our Newsletter
Which stars have a hard surface? The outer shell of neutron stars is a solid crystalline crust of iron. When such a star rotates, strong stresses can arise in the crust, which lead to fractures in the crust.
%0 Journal Article %A Kalinowski, Steven T. %A Taper, Mark L. %A Metz, Anneke M. %T How Are Humans Related to Other Primates?: A Guided Inquiry Laboratory for Undergraduate Students %D 2006 %R 10.1534/genetics.105.047977 %J Genetics %P 1379-1383 %V 172 %N 3 %X Understanding that phylogenies depict the evolutionary history of species is a critical concept for undergraduate biology students. We present an inquiry-based laboratory exercise exploring this concept in the context of the human phylogeny. This activity reinforces several important biological concepts and skills. Bolstered concepts include that evolution is descent with modification, that evolution is a genetic process, and that humans are closely related to apes. In terms of thinking skills, the lab gives students practice with hypothetical-deductive thinking, quantifying patterns from complex data, and evaluating evidence. %U https://www.genetics.org/content/genetics/172/3/1379.full.pdf
Notizie locali RNA-based biopesticide technology delivers 98% mortality of Colorado potato beetle in independent test Di Redazione Positive Environmental Impact, Sustainable - Yeast-based RNA production and oral delivery technology for crop protection is environmentally safe and uses RNAi to precisely target specific genes in specific pests, avoiding broad spectrum damage to other organisms or to the soil, water and air. VANCOUVER, BC, Sept. 29, 2021 /PRNewswire/ -- Renaissance BioScience Corp., a leading global bioengineering company, is pleased to announce that an independent test of its environmentally safe, RNA-based biopesticide technology conducted on Colorado potato beetle (CPB) larvae resulted in 98.3% mortality and greatly reduced the amount of plant damage caused by the beetle. The proof-of-concept test, conducted by a leading international agriculture consultancy with expertise in pesticide evaluation, applied Renaissance's proprietary yeast-based RNA interference technology that is designed to precisely target and turn off a specific CPB gene. This, in turn, resulted in high CPB mortality and protected the potato plant. A key characteristic and industrial benefit of the Renaissance novel proprietary RNA production and oral delivery platform technology is that it's possible to include multiple different gene targets in each cell of the delivery system, thereby greatly reducing or eliminating the potential for CPB to develop resistance to this innovative biopesticide. Renaissance BioScience CEO Dr. John Husnik comments: "These are very promising results clearly showing that Renaissance's environmentally safe technology protected the potato plant from the Colorado potato beetle. We still have work to do but these findings confirm the potential for our technology for crop protection. Given that the large-scale, low-cost production of yeast is already readily available from well-established global yeast companies, our focus now is maximizing effectiveness through further laboratory tests and field trials and organizing appropriate commercial partners for the next phases of product development." "Renaissance's RNA production and oral delivery platform technology is not only potentially efficacious as a biopesticide against a wide variety of different pests but also has significant promising applications in human and animal healthcare, including aquaculture. Yeast has been an amazing natural workhorse for human civilization for thousands of years, and we are applying it to develop many new exciting applications in environmentally safe biopesticides and biotherapeutics for the future." The Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) is one of the most economically devastating pests facing potato crops in North America and Mexico, Europe, Russia and Eastern Europe, and in Asia, including in western and northeastern China. As the world's leading producers of potatoes, China and India are at the leading frontier of CPB spread as it expands its range eastward. The CPB has a legendary ability to develop resistance to a wide range of chemical pesticides previously used in its control and a natural biopesticide solution is urgently needed to greatly reduce the widespread damage and major economic costs caused by this pest. For further media information or to arrange interviews: Steve Campbell, Campbell & Company Strategies Inc., Communications and Public Relations, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 01 604 888-5267,; For commercial or technology development inquiries: Dr. John Husnik, CEO, Renaissance BioScience Corp., Vancouver, BC, Canada, 01 604 822-6499, Di più su questi argomenti:
Nonprofit, nonpartisan journalism. Supported by readers. Mourning unprecedented lives in unprecedented times George Floyd’s life is unprecedented. No one saw the world as he did. No one spoke as he could. No one thought, loved, or felt as he lived. George Floyd was a miracle, cut short as a police officer knelt on his neck. photo of flowers on sidewalk Flowers memorializing George Floyd near 38th and Chicago. REUTERS/Eric Miller Word on the street is that we are living in unprecedented times. Within our lifetimes, this is true. There have been other pathogens and deadlier strains of coronavirus, such as SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, but none called for the intense self-isolation protocol of now. However, few among us were alive during the 1918 Spanish flu when, like now, people were encouraged to stay home and wear masks to prevent the spread of the contagion that killed an estimated 500 million worldwide. Even before 1918, there was the Cocoliztli epidemic of 1545, the Black Death of 1346, the Plague of Justinian of 541, and dozens of others. Arguably, the current pandemic is very much precedented. What truly is unprecedented however, are the lives affected by COVID-19. The stay-at-homers, who benefit from time to refocus on what is important, while simultaneously toeing the line between loneliness and solitude. Families are divided even further or finally brought under the same roof. “Essential” and “non-essential” workers, all impacted by the financial consequences of slowing down. And the patients, who from their hospital beds, either connect with their family over video call as they recover or are given special permission for a last visit from masked loved ones as they breathe their last breath. What hurts the most: People, who lived unprecedented lives, are drowning in their own bodily fluids. They are dying despite the best efforts of respirators and doctors. To protect others and ourselves from similar death, precedent shows that we should sit at home and wait for a vaccine. Article continues after advertisement George Floyd: No one saw the world as he did George Floyd’s death is not unprecedented. He died through asphyxia. Echoed in the gruesome death of Floyd are the words, “I can’t breathe.” Tricia Lim Castro Tricia Lim Castro Floyd could not breathe. His name joins those of Eric Garner and Michael Brown, on a growing list of unprecedented lives ended because not enough changed to protect them. Justice for Floyd means unprecedented change. It means a reason to believe that his death will not be a precedent for another. If both nonviolent and violent protests do not motivate change, please tell, what will? There must be a way to better the world by working within the system, not outside of it. Time to explore the issue of racism and police brutality As the Class of 2020 and millions of American students’ lives continue from home, there is time to explore the issue of racism and police brutality. Time to feel alongside Floyd’s family and friends, as they work through such personal grief work while embarking on the long journey of prosecution. Time to read politicians’ reactions, from President Donald Trump’s misinformation-flagged tweets, to Sen. Amy Klobuchar’s inadequately worded statement. Time to understand the factors, including the positive correlation between “racial segregation, incarceration, educational attainment, economic disparity, and unemployment” and police violence against African-Americans, as found by professor Michael Siegel. Time to hope that law enforcement leaders’ backlash to the four officers’ gross misdemeanors lead to accountability. Time to look critically at the current information and find that more data on the circumstances of police violence and confrontation are needed, such as how many times officers draw their weapons, rather than just numbers that sort fatal police shootings by race. As self-isolation protocol is gently loosened, we emerge from our homes in masks, the air we breathe is changed. But it is better to breathe filtered air than none. Time keeps ticking, only stopping for the dead. When we get through this, we will mourn the thousands of unique lives that were taken by this strain of coronavirus and the life of George Floyd. If we survive, however, it is up to us to see to it that life is protected. Every circumstance and every death has a precedent, but the air we breathe is shared by billions of unprecedented lives whose freedom must be protected. Tricia Lim Castro of Sartell is a graduate and valedictorian of St. Cloud Cathedral High School Class of 2020, currently enrolled at the University of Southern California.
Strength training is associated with improvements in muscle strength, gait speed, balance, and gross motor function in children and adolescents with spastic cerebral palsy, according to study results published in Clinical Rehabilitation. Prior research on the effects of physical training on improving functional mobility and gross motor skills has been mixed. For example, some studies have found that with muscle strengthening, muscle strength improves but not function. Other studies have reported improvement in motor activity and functions such as gait. The objective of the current study was to review the most recent data on the effect of strength training on function, activity, and participation in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy. The meta-analysis included 27 randomized controlled trials which evaluated muscle strength training in children, adolescents, and young adults (age range, 3-22 years) with spastic cerebral palsy. In the pooled cohort of 873 patients, a total of 452 patients underwent strength training, while the remaining patients participated in a different physical therapy technique or were assigned to a control group with no physical therapy. Continue Reading Researchers excluded 3 studies, yielding 24 studies in the meta-analysis. According to the researchers, there were significant standardized mean differences that were in favor of the strength training techniques vs other physical therapy techniques or control in terms of improvements in muscle strength at the knee flexors, muscle strength at the knee extensor, muscle strength at the plantar flexors, maximum resistance, balance, gait speed, Gross Motor Function Measure (global, D and E dimension), as well as spasticity. A limitation of this meta-analysis, according to the researchers, was the high levels of moderate risk and high risk of bias among analyzed studies. Additionally, the studies in the meta-analysis did not assess the long-term effect of muscle strength training in this population. Given this limitation, the investigators noted that children with cerebral palsy should perform “high-intensity strength training regularly to maintain and ideally accumulate benefits over time.” The researchers concluded that strength training is a single “aspect of physical training and should be part of a larger program that includes task-related motor skill training as well as endurance training for optimal results.” Merino-Andrés J, García de Mateos-López A, Damiano DL, Sánchez-Sierra A. Effect of muscle strength training in children and adolescents with spastic cerebral palsy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Rehabil. Published online August 18, 2021. doi:10.1177/02692155211040199
Cancer and Health Genetic Cancers and How They Work Pinterest LinkedIn Tumblr The possible downside of your genes By Vejay Steede It’s all in the genes. If you’re tall or dark-skinned or greeneyed, you’ve been given gifts from the genes you inherited from your parents. Not all genes are quite so generous, however, and some can even put you at risk for highly undesirable health conditions throughout your life. For example, what if your family has a history of cancer? Will you inherit genes that will eventually put you at a higher risk of contracting the most devastating blight of our age? This is a great (and justifiable!) fear for people with close relatives who have succumbed to cancer, and the statistics do show that certain specific genes can put offspring at risk for some cancers. Kevin S. Hughes, MD, FACS, is the Director of Cancer Genetics and Mc- Coy Rose Professor of Surgery in the Department of Surgery at the Medical University of South Carolina. He is also the Medical Director of the Bermuda Cancer Genetics and Risk Assessment Clinic and an esteemed Professor Emeritus at Harvard Medical School. Dr. Hughes answered a few questions about genetic cancers and how testing for genes that may put individuals at risk of contracting cancer can dramatically affect survival rates if it is done correctly and in a timely manner. Royal Gazette: What are the risks involved with genetic cancers? Dr. Hughes: There are genes we get from our parents that help prevent cancer. If these genes have mutations that prevent them from functioning properly, patients are at higher risk of cancer. There are now over 80 cancer genes known, the most well-known of which are BRCA1 and BRCA2. Both markedly increase the risk of breast and ovarian cancer. Other cancer genes increase the risk of other cancers, such as colon or uterus. If a person has a mutation in one of these genes, children of mutation carriers have a 50/50 chance of having the mutation. By doing genetic testing, we can identify who has a mutation and can then change the way they are screened and managed to help prevent cancer or find it at an earlier and more treatable stage. About five to 10 percent of cancers are caused by cancer gene mutations. RG: Which cancers are most commonly passed on genetically? KH: Breast, ovarian and colon are the most likely to be hereditary, but almost any cancer can have a hereditary component. RG: Are any cancers more likely to show up in future generations than others? Are statistics available? KH: Each gene has its own spectrum of cancers that it produces. You can go to to learn more about cancers and their statistics. As an example, a woman with no mutations has a 14 percent risk of cancer in her lifetime, while a BRCA1 carrier has about a 60 percent risk and an ATM carrier (which is another gene mutation) has about a 20 percent risk. RG: Is testing for genetic cancers in children recommended? KH: Seldom. Most hereditary cancers occur in adulthood, often in young adults, so testing before age 18 is seldom needed. However, some genes do cause cancer before age 18 (TP3, APC are two of these), and for these genes, testing before age 18 is useful. That said, TP53 is a gene that is more likely to cause cancer in children, so that is something we test for in children. In addition, we know that childhood cancer is more likely to be genetic, so gene testing is done in children who contract cancer more than children who have cancer in their family. APC is a gene in children that causes colon cancer and requires colonoscopies to start as early as 10 to 15 years old in at-risk children. RG: Please describe the testing procedures and result accuracy statistics for testing children for genetic cancers. KH: Adult genetic testing is relatively routine and most providers can do this or learn how to do it. Testing children is much more specialised and there are tremendous social and psychologic overlays. This should be done at a centre with expertise in that gene and with the input of a genetic counsellor. If there is a very strong family history with a gene mutation found in a childhood cancer gene, that child should see a genetic counsellor and decide if testing is needed. If needed, it is usually a saliva or blood test. In addition, many children diagnosed with cancer should have genetic testing. RG: Should persons who have cancer in their family be tested? If so, when and how frequently? KH: Anyone with multiple relatives in the family with cancer, or cancer in the family at a young age (20s to 40s), or a family member with multiple cancers should discuss genetic testing with their doctor. Many cancer patients also need testing regardless of family history. This includes any ovarian cancer, breast, colorectal or uterine cancer under age 50, for example. Genetic testing for cancer is usually done only once, but if a new test comes along, often the new test should be added. Cancer genetic testing before 2015 was likely only for a few genes, and now we test 30 to 100 genes routinely. Anyone tested before 2015 should likely have their testing updated. RG: Is there any other important information on the topic of genetic cancers and genetic cancer counselling that the general public should know? KH: This is a life’s work and hard to describe briefly, but I will try. The bottom line is that 90 percent or more of patients with mutations are unaware. Thus, they are not being screened as intensively as they should be. This means more advanced cancers occur than should happen. Also for some cancers, like ovary, the ovaries should be removed before cancer develops. As patients are often not aware they have a mutation, they do not have their ovaries out and preventable ovarian cancers occur unnecessarily. We need more genetic testing before cancer develops. It is critical that genetic testing become much more routine and widespread in order to decrease the morbidity and mortality of cancer. Write A Comment
Rats avoid actions that will hurt others – even if it earns them a treat Researchers believe their findings could help scientists develop new drug treatments to increase harm aversion. • Rats will stop doing something they like if it harms another rat, a study has found. • ‘Harm aversion’ is also found in humans, and is part of moral development. • The researchers traced the behaviour to an area of the brain known as the anterior cingulate cortex. Rats, like humans, avoid actions that can cause pain to their fellow beings, scientists have found. This trait, known as harm aversion, is seen as an important part of moral development in humans but is reduced in violent antisocial individuals. Researchers believe their findings, published in the journal Current Biology, could help scientists develop new drug treatments to increase harm aversion in patients who show psychopathic behaviour. Professor Christian Keysers, study group leader at the Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN), said: “We share a mechanism that prevents antisocial behaviour with rats, which is extremely exciting to me. We can now use all the powerful tools of brain science to explore how to increase harm aversion in antisocial patients.” Read more about rats: To investigate harm aversion in rats, the researchers gave them a choice between two levers they could press to receive sugary treats. Once the animals developed a preference for one of the two levers, the scientists reconfigured the system so that pressing the favourite lever would also cause the rat in the next cage to receive an unpleasant shock while the treat was being dispensed. When the fellow rodents reacted by squeaking their protest, the rats stopped using their preferred lever. Dr Julen Hernandez-Lallement, first author of the study and a researcher at the NIN, said: “Much like humans, rats actually find it aversive to cause harm to others.” The researchers then scanned the brains of rats and found a region of the brain, known as the anterior cingulate cortex, to become active. This same brain region has also been found to light up in people empathising with the pain of others. Read more about animal behaviour: The team then reduced brain activity in the same brain region in the rodents by injecting a local anaesthetic and found the animals “stopped avoiding harming fellow rats for sweet treats”. Dr Valeria Gazzola, one of the senior authors of the study and also group leader at the NIN, said: “That humans and rats use the same brain region to prevent harm to others is striking. “It shows that the moral motivation that keeps us from harming our fellow humans is evolutionary old, deeply ingrained in the biology of our brain and shared with other animals.” Are babies born with a sense of right and wrong? Early theorists in psychology mainly took the approach that babies are born without any sense of morality and have to learn it as they get older. We now know that although a fully developed sense of morality does not emerge until adolescence or later, babies already show signs of a rudimentary moral compass. Consider a 2010 study by researchers at Yale University that involved babies as young as three months old watching a live ‘show’ of different shaped wooden blocks on a hill (the shapes corresponded to different characters, who either helped or hindered another character who was struggling to get up the hill). The researchers found that the babies preferred looking at the helpful characters, suggesting early preference for altruistic social behaviour. Similar research with five-month-olds has shown that they have a sense of ‘justified retribution’: they prefer characters who hinder a previously obstructive individual rather than help them. A sense of fairness also emerges early. In a study last year by researchers at the University of Washington, 13-month-old babies watched a researcher who distributed crackers fairly or unfairly among two other adults. When the infants were given a chance to interact with the researcher, they were more inclined to interact with a fair researcher than an unfair one, indicating that they had a preference for fairness. Finally, a cute line of research has looked at babies’ inclination to respond to the needs of others, showing that already by age one they will offer comfort to a person who has hurt themselves, or try to help someone obtain an item that’s out of reach. The spontaneity of these behaviours has led scientists to believe that a sense of right and wrong is not entirely learned, but rather indicative of an evolved predisposition towards moral goodness. Read more:
Belly Fat: Causes and Solutions to reduce it Unlike Fat accumulated near buttocks and thighs, fat accumulated at the mid-portion of the body results in serious health conditions. In this article Belly Fat: Causes & Solutions to reduce it, we will explore the reasons for abdominal fat, types of abdominal fats, how it affects our wellbeing, and how to get rid of it. What is Belly/Abdominal Fat? & its Types Regardless of what your body shape, accumulation of fat in your body isn’t healthy for your wellbeing. In any case, fat accumulated in the upper and lower part of the body and fat accumulated in the middle portion is not identical. Numerous studies have proved that fat lying deep inside the midsection is riskier than the fat under your skin or upper fat. In the vast majority of people, fat accumulations happen just underneath the skin which is referred to as subcutaneous fat. However, fat deep inside behind the abdominal muscles which is referred to as visceral fat or intra-abdominal fat is the main problem. This fat is found in the empty spaces near the liver, digestion tracts, and different organs. It is also accumulated in the omentum, a cover like a fold of tissue that lies under the stomach muscles and covers the digestive organs. Hence, visceral fat is a small percentage of total body fat but it contributes to the majority of health problems. As ladies experience in their 30’s and 40’s, their body fat increases rapidly more than it does in men. This fat starts accumulating in the middle portion rather than in the hips and thighs. Regardless, of whether you put on weight or not, your waistline increases as visceral fat pushes out against the stomach walls. So, the main issue is with visceral fat. Why Visceral Fat (VF) in the belly section, more dangerous than Subcutaneous fat (SF)? VF is more dangerous than SF 1. Research has proved that VF is an endocrine organ that secretes hormones which has many health hazards. It not only produces cholesterol by releasing free fatty acids into the blood and liver but 2. It also produces many harmful chemicals which are the cause of many deceases. 3. Visceral fat produces some proteins which are called cytokines, they cause low-level inflammation, which is a great risk factor for heart disease and other chronic medical conditions. 4. VF also produces a precursor to angiotensin, a protein that causes high blood pressure. 5. Compared with SF, VF produces retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4), which causes insulin resistance. As VF increases, the levels of RBP4 also increases. Why SF in the belly is not as dangerous as VF? 1. SF produces some useful molecules 2. It produces hormone leptin which suppresses your hunger and helps to burn fat stored in your body. 3. In also produces hormone Adiponectin which handles fat and sugar effectively and hence protects against diabetes 4. It also helps in reducing blood pressure. How to measure VF at Home? (W ÷ H). For example, a person with a 30″ (76 cm) waist and 38″ (97 cm) hips have a waist-hip ratio of about 0.78. VF can be measured in many ways, Citi scan and full-body MRI’s are the most accurate ways of measuring VF, but it is time-consuming and very expensive options. So one can measure the VF at home by simple measure tap. A measuring tape is the best home alternative for monitoring VF. One should check their waist to hip ratio, it shows your VF levels, whether its high or low. Measure your waistline at the degree of the navel. Every time measure at the same spot. Measure your hip circumference at the widest portion of your hips, with the tape parallel to the floor. Now divide your waist measurement with your hip measurement (W ÷ H). For example, a person with a 30″ (76 cm) waist and 38″ (97 cm) hips have a waist-hip ratio of about 0.78. Men – A waist to hip ratio of above 1 is high. Below 0.95 you are at a lower risk of any medical issues. Women – A waist to hip ratio of above 0.85 is high. Below 0.8 you are at a lower risk of any medical condition. The general rule of thumb is Women’s Waist Circumference should be below 35 inches and Men’s Waist Circumference should be below 40 inches But don’t go nuts on these measurements, many other factors such as some health conditions, muscle size, etc are not taken into account so these measurements are not accurate. Diseases due to Excessive VF (Belly Fat) 1. Cardiovascular ailment & Type 2 Diabetes – Higher VF also has a very bad impact on several other heart disease risk factors. It increases blood pressure and levels of blood sugar and triglyceride and it lowers HDL Levels. This takes a heavy toll on our metabolism knows\ a metabolic syndrome. 2. Dementia. Researchers believe that people in their early 40s with high VF, compared with people having low VF, are three times more likely to get dementia (including Alzheimer’s disease) by their mid-70s to early 80s. Dementia was not associated with increased thigh fat. 3. Asthma. Researchers believe that mid-section fat raises the risk of asthma more than any other fat because of inflammatory effects in the entire body, including in the airways. 4. Breast Cancer: A investigation has found that ladies with high VF were at more serious risk for Brest Cancer growth. 5. Colorectal disease. Individuals with the most VF have multiple times the danger of creating colorectal adenomas (precancerous polyps) than those with the least VF How to keep VF under control? Increase in your general body fat depends on the quality of life, hormones, age, your birth weight (lightweight infants are more prone to put on fat latter in their life) and for ladies whether they are mothers (ladies who have conceived will generally put on VF than ladies who haven’t) Normally Young ladies have less VF than men, however, that changes with menopause. In a study following middle-aged ladies, all of them put on some subcutaneous tummy fat, but, ladies who entered menopause added VF also. It brought down estrogen levels and a proportional increase in testosterone. Factors such as birth rate, genetics, and menopause are not in your control. You can’t change your birth weight or your qualities, and you can’t hold off menopause. But there are a few different ways you can stop VF to accumulate. Fortunately, VF metabolizes fatty acids more easily than fat at your upper and lower body. Here are a few ways in which you can not only control the accumulation but reduce the VF. Incorporate these lifestyle changes to reduce belly fat. 1. Exercise: • Exercise can help you with inches loss in your waistline. Regardless of whether you lose weight or not or you get in shape or not, you lose VF and increase Muscles. It’s not important whether you go to a health club or gym, you can do a good workout at home, however, it should be done under the proper supervision of a personal trainer. • If you Participate in 30 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise routine like cycling, swimming, climbing, brisk walking, aerobics, Zumba, etc, or some kind of functional fitness training you will surely benefit from it. In your day to day life, you can make some changes like climbing the stairs, playing with your kids, walk while talking on the phone, etc will also help. • Some people try spot reduction like if your target is abdominal fat than sit-ups or leg raises will work, but unfortunately, it’s not the case. Studies have proved time and again that combination of cardio and strength training will only help reduce the fat and put on muscles. Exercise will not only reduce the VF but it will help keep it away. 2. Clean Eating: • Eat right, get professional help if necessary, your diet should be balanced with all the nutrients required for general wellbeing. Rule of thumb is to eat fresh, eat local, eat things that are close to nature, and avoid food that is processed or made in the factory. Use healthy cooking oil. Try Intermittent Fasting, many researchers have proved its many health benefits including fat loss and curing type 2 diabetes. Get more information on Intermittent Fasting on this website. 3. Avoid Smoking and Alcohol. • The more you drink and smoke, the more you are likely to put on VF. 4. Sleep: • Sleep at least 7 to 8 hours every day, Try to get REM sleep. That is when you dream. Studies have shown that people sleeping less than 5 hours or more than 8 hours a day are likely to put on more VF. 5. Stress Hormones: • A higher level of stress hormones cortisol is directly associated with a higher level of belly fat even if you are a lean structured person. In his article “Belly Fat: Causes & Solutions to reduce it” it is clear that VF can’t be seen, hence it is difficult to know whether a person has VF and if he/she does have VF at what level it is. Because Visceral fat is associated with very high health risks it is of most importance that the person who suspects their VF levels are high to seek advice from a health care professional. Generally, it is possible to avoid high levels of VF by a healthy and active lifestyle. By clean diet, good sleep, regular exercise it is easy to lose VF than fats at other portions of the body. You aren’t fat, You have fat. Fat Does not Define You. 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The Hidden Power of Words: ‘Sort’ posted in: Language 0 sort \|sôrt\| 1 a category of things or people having some common feature; a type Today’s Word: Sort Common Phrases and Usage in American English: “He sorted the urgent requests from the not-so urgent requests.” “I have to sort out my schedule once again…” “What sort of candy is that?” My Take on the Definition and Guess as to the Origin: Since the definition of this word has to do with different categories, I suspect that the origin is related to type or uniqueness of items. Drumroll Please: ORIGIN late Middle English: from Old French sorte, from an alteration of Latin sors, sort- ‘lot, condition.’ When you think about it, the alteration of ‘sort’ from the Latin meaning ‘lot’ or ‘condition’ makes sense. Sorting items almost implicitly means that you put items into different ‘lots’ or categories as you define them. ‘Condition’ makes me think of different types of conditions such as those found in mathematics, for example, a conditional statement: “If X, then Y.” Now, if you have a pile of different items (and are sorting through said items), you inevitably make your own defining rules and regulations as part of the sorting process. “If the paper is blue, then I will put it with the other blue papers,” or “I will throw it away,” or “I will give the paper to my coworker.” Truly, there are so many different paths that one can take when sorting… Follow Rashelle:
Muslims don’t believe Jesus was the son of God, but they do revere him as a holy prophet. But what many people don’t know is that Jesus is an important figure in Islam, too, even though most Muslims don’t celebrate Christmas as a religious holiday. (But some, especially some American Muslims, do celebrate it for cultural reasons!) 1. Jesus, Mary, and the angel Gabriel are all prominent characters in the Qur’an (as are Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, and a bunch of other Bible characters). 2. Muslims believe that Jesus (called “Isa” in Arabic) was a prophet of God and was born to a virgin (Mary). They also believe he will return to Earth before the Day of Judgment to restore justice and defeat al-Masihad-Dajjal, or “the false messiah” — also known as the Antichrist. All of this may sound pretty familiar to many Christians. (The fact that Muslims know that “al-Masihad-Dajjal” is the Arabic name for the Antichrist created some…uh…unexpected problems for Netflix recently — warning: spoilers.) 3. Mary (called “Maryam” in Arabic) has an entire chapter in the Qur’an named for her — the only chapter in the Qur’an named for a female figure. In fact, Mary is the only woman to be mentioned by name in the entire Qur’an. As noted in the Study Quran, “other female figures are identified only by their relation to others, such as the wife of Adam and the mother of Moses, or by their title, such as the Queen of Sheba.” Mary is mentioned more times in the Qur’an than in the entire New Testament of the Bible. 4. Just as they do with all the other prophets, including Mohammed, devout Muslims recite “peace be upon him” after every time they refer to Jesus by name. 5. Muslims believe that Jesus performed miracles: The Qur’an discusses several of Jesus’s miracles, including giving sight to the blind, healing lepers, raising the dead, and breathing life into clay birds. 6. The story of Jesus’s birth as told in the Qur’an is also the story of his first miracle, when he spoke as an infant in the cradle and declared himself to be a prophet of God. Here’s the story: So although Muslims do not believe that Jesus is the son of God — a critically important distinction between Muslim and Christian views of him — Muslims do revere Jesus as an important prophet. Merry Christmas! Muslims in the city of Manado in Indonesia join the Christmas Santa Parade wearing Santa hats and mingle with Christians. Original Source:
Managing the End of the Marcos Regime Intent on actively opposing the rule of Philippines president Ferdinand Marcos, Senator Benigno Aquino returned from exile in the U.S. in August 1983, only to be assassinated upon his arrival in Manila. Public outrage in response to this and to the regime’s corruption led to calls for Marcos’ removal. Corazon Aquino, the widow of Benigno, became a leader of the People Power Revolution and was convinced to run against Marcos in the election of February 1986. Once election results were released, Marcos claimed victory despite accusations of vote tampering and fraud. At Corazon Aquino’s urging, protestors took to the streets to demand Marcos’ removal. The protestors blocked government troops from dispersing the crowds in the capital and the forces retreated, peacefully ending the three-day revolution. On February 25, 1986, Corazon Aquino was inaugurated as president, a victory officially recognized by the U.S. That same day Marcos fled the country for permanent asylum in Hawaii, ending twenty years of autocratic rule. Stephen Bosworth served as U.S Ambassador to the Philippines from 1984 through 1987. In his February, 2003 interview with Michael Mahoney, Bosworth reflected on the shifting U.S policy toward the Philippines during Marcos’ final months, his personal experience with Corazon Aquino during her rise, and the initial stages of establishing U.S relations with a new Filipino government. To read more about the Philippines, political assassinations or South-east Asia, or to read about the fall of Marcos from another perspective, please follow the links. “There was an unbelievable level of corruption in the country. The military was both corrupt and repressive” Steven Bosworth, U.S. Ambassador to Manila, 1984-1987 [U.S. Ambassador to the Philippines] Michael Armacost was coming back [to the State Department to become Under Secretary for Political Affairs] and then [Secretary George] Shultz needed to put somebody in the Philippines. This was of course a very delicate time in the Philippines because these decisions on personnel were all made in January and February of ’84, and in August of ‘83 Benigno Aquino had been assassinated. Our relationship with Marcos was under great pressure both from our own congress and elements in the Philippines… (Bosworth is seen at left) There was something of a course correction policy toward the Philippines… The Philippines, of course, is a very curious place because it is in Asia, but it’s not really of Asia in many respects. Someone joked that probably given my experience in Central America I was as well suited to go to the Philippines as anyone could have in terms of background. [In April 1984] the Philippines is getting ready for national assembly elections. This was the first significant political event since Aquino’s assassination. The first electoral process of any note that had taken place since Marcos had lifted martial law, which I think, was done in ‘81 or ‘82 or something like that… We were distancing ourselves from Marcos and from the Malacañang palace. Marcos himself by this time was not well. We knew that, we didn’t know exactly how ill. We weren’t sure what was wrong with him, but we knew he was not well. There was a political legal process that had been launched after Aquino’s assassination in response largely to pressures from the U.S. Congress to try to ascertain what actually had happened and who was responsible. It was a national commission that was interviewing witnesses and laboring away on this subject. This election was scheduled for May of 1984 and was the first time that members of the democratic opposition were allowed to run for office. The Philippines was a very tense place. Marcos had ruled there since 1965. He had imposed martial law in 1972. He had lifted martial law in the early ‘80s. There was an unbelievable level of corruption in the country. The military was both corrupt and repressive. The communist insurgency known as the New Peoples Army had begun to attract the attention of Washington intelligence analysts because of their growth. The democratic opposition lacked someone to rally around, who had been active politically before martial law, some of them even during martial law. Corazon Aquino, Benigno’s widow had gone back to the Philippines after he was killed, she was there. She at that point was not very active politically other than as a symbol. The economy was in terrible difficulty. It had very little if any foreign exchange. Demand was repressed, depressed. The Philippine businesses were unable to obtain the letters of credit. They couldn’t do normal commercial business. It was just not a very easy time for the Philippines, and for the U.S. it was not an easy time. “This was the height of the Cold War and the early years of the Reagan administration; we needed those bases at Clark and Subic to offset a growing Soviet presence in Vietnam” Many people had begun to accuse us of having propped Marcos up and having kept him in power. We were trying to distance ourselves from him but not to the extent to which we would bring him down. Reagan was president. He and Marcos had what they considered to be a close personal relationship. I couldn’t quite understand that because they had never spent all that much time together. Reagan had been elected on a platform, which included among things the need for American support for longstanding friends. This was after the Shah had fallen in Iran and it seemed to happen after that. Somoza and Nicaragua, so there was a belief deeply held in the Reagan administration that we had to stick with our friends and Marcos was a friend… Jeane [Kirkpatrick] came to the Philippines in the first two months that I was there and we called on Marcos and had a long conversation with him. I got her together with some members of the democratic opposition as well as other people in the Marcos government. I think she came away with a clear understanding of the complexity of what we were facing and just to say that we supported Marcos was not sufficient. We had to also be supportive of a democratic process. That basically was the horse that we rode in the Philippines for the next couple of years… You go in and talk to them. Without being too blatant about it you make it clear that some elements of the American relationship are dependent on their beginning, and in this case Marcos beginning, to allow more space to the democratic opposition and express concern over the gross extremism on the left. You push for economic reform and end the corruption, etc. All of this, of course, gave Marcos very much the impression that we were pushing him, we were putting him in a stressful situation, which we were indeed doing… The bases at Clark and Subic, remember this was the height of the Cold War and the early years of the Reagan administration; we needed those bases we thought to offset a growing Soviet presence in Vietnam. Those were always seen as being very important to us… Marcos continu[ed] not to be healthy. He was suffering from various things including what we now know was a kidney malfunction. He was on dialysis and had a kidney transplant in 1985, which did not work. Anyway, ‘84 was relatively calm after the national assembly elections. Then we went into ‘85 and we were putting more and more pressure on Marcos at my recommendation. We were encouraging the political opposition to organize themselves more effectively. “He reached a point where his moral compass had gone badly astray. He had no vision of his own life beyond being president of the Philippines” Washington was more or less backing us on that. Shultz was backing us very heavily. He saw very clearly that the long term relationship with Marcos had been changed here. Marcos had to change or our relationship had to change, otherwise we were placing our longer term interests in the Philippines at risk, because it was not in our interest to prop Marcos up beyond the time when his own national constituency didn’t want him. I kept telling Marcos that his problem was not how the message was being transmitted, it was what was in the message. He was not too fond of hearing that. I got along with him during all of that time pretty well. I rather admired him in some ways. I mean he was a man of enormous intellect. The only man in the Philippines I ever found I could sit down and have a kind of global conversation with. He reached a point where his moral compass had gone badly astray. He had no vision of his own life beyond being president of the Philippines. He was not in good health. He was under pressure from his wife and various cronies around him to just keep plunging around him because they knew if he left or if he reformed to any significant extent that they were, their status was very much at risk. [His wife] was always subservient to his decision. The notion of Imelda is as a kind of an independent presence; presence, yes, but independent decision-making? I’ve always found difficult that to accept. For example there were those who thought that she was the one responsible for the assassination of Aquino, she and the chief of staff of the armed forces. I never was able to agree with that because it seemed to me neither of them would have dared do that without Marcos’ informed consent. Finally, in the fall of ‘85 the pressure on Marcos had become quite severe… I was continuing to tell him very strongly that he had to allow more space for the opposition, he had to do something about bringing those who most people thought had been responsible for Aquino’s assassination, at least have been the agent of that, he had to bring them to justice in incredible fashion. He really couldn’t bring them to justice in credible fashion because that would have cost him all of his support or much of his support that he had within the senior ranks of the military. So, in November of ‘85, while being interviewed on one of the Sunday morning talk shows on American television, suddenly Marcos said, well, I’m tired of you guys pressing me and I’m going to have an election and then I’ll show you who really deserves to run the Philippines. He called an election, the so-called “snap election.” This was in November. The election was scheduled for early February. Corazon Aquino was persuaded by some people in the opposition that she should be a candidate. She and a fellow named Salvador Laurel fought it out as to who would be the presidential candidate. She won and Laurel became vice president. [Laurel] was constantly besieging me to try to get me an interview with her and persuade her that they should be reversed. The ranking should be reversed and he should be the presidential candidate. The U.S. position in the Philippines was really in a way kind of unique. We were, on the one hand in the minds of many Filipinos, seen as the great Satan of the West. On the other hand we were seen as the deus ex machina from whom all solutions would come if only we decided that’s what we wanted to do. Most of the Filipinos were saying two thoughts in their minds simultaneously. There was a degree of dependence, if you will, on the U.S. that was very much exaggerated in many respects. People really thought that Marcos was still there because we wanted him to still be. December and January were given to campaigning. The campaign had developed fairly rapidly and was quite vigorous. Marcos himself was not in good health, but he had a tremendous will; he was out there on the campaign trail, making speeches and shaking hands. I think from the beginning he thought he was going to win easily. He was out of touch with popular sentiment. I think his fall back was he thought, well, if I don’t win I can always cheat enough to win. What he didn’t anticipate was that the level of international interest would be as great as it was and the presence of the American journalists, foreign journalists and the various election inspection observation teams that came from the congress and from the civil societies in the country and elsewhere around would be as great as they were. “Marcos’ forces basically knew that these guys were plotting a coup. We knew it in the embassy as well” So, his ability to win it by cheating became very constrained. To this day no one really knows who won that election. My belief has always been that she won it probably not by as wide a margin as some people thought, but nevertheless she won it. He, however, then within the week after the elections, sort of seized the process and managed through his minions and the national assembly predictably to introduce the vote saying that he had won. Well, that wasn’t the end of it, contrary to what I think he had assumed to be the case, because then the public antipathy began to rise. They didn’t just shut up and go back to being a housewife. The opposition became even more vigorous. Because of pressures in our own congress and in our own public, we remained very engaged. We came to the position of pushing away from Marcos in that week or two after the election. There was one, I remember, one statement out of the White House that Reagan was quoted as saying, well, there was probably some cheating on both sides, at which point the Filipinos went nuts. I fired back a message to Shultz and to the White House saying that we couldn’t stay on that position. Fortunately over the next three or four days, with a lot of heavy lifting from George Shultz, the White House issued another statement that said the government had not run a fair election. There were partisans of a view that we should not abandon our friends and Corey Aquino (seen right) was a non-entity, unknown and untested, and that the democratic opposition in the Philippines was dangerously leftist and that our presence at the bases would be at risk and that we should continue to back Marcos. Phil Habib, who was then retired from the Foreign Service, came out as an envoy from the president about a week after the elections when all of this was boiling away; he came out basically to gain us some time. I mean there was nothing he could do other than go around and see a lot of people, which he and I did including Marcos and Aquino. Phil came away from that week convinced that Marcos had lost the capacity to govern and was no longer capable of governing because he didn’t have the support of the Filipino people anymore. He went back to Washington to expound that point of view which was the point of view that I was expounding from the embassy. Marcos’ forces basically knew that these guys were plotting a coup. We knew it in the embassy as well. I had been sending word back to the coup plotters to stop it, not to do it, because as much as I thought Marcos should go, I thought it would be in some ways be totally disastrous to have him replaced by a military government. They also knew that Juan Enrile, the minister of defense, was involved. That was of course quite a shocker because he really had been a long time supporter of Marcos. This group of colonels and young officers took refuge in one of the military camps out on the outskirts of Manila. CNN finally, the first time, had the capability to telecast directly via satellite and they had a cameraman and a reporter in the camp where the military people were holed up. So, I alerted Washington; it was early morning back there. They were watching it on CNN. They knew more about what was happening on the ground there than I did in the embassy because I didn’t have access to CNN. That evening I was in contact with Mrs. Aquino’s camp and her directly. She had been down in the central Philippines. We were very concerned about her safety and I offered her refuge on a U.S. naval vessel that happened to be in the vicinity. I told Washington afterwards that I was quite confident that they would approve. I had been in contact with her brother who was one of her principal advisors during the political campaign because they were very concerned that Marcos would try to knock her out by basically assassinating her, which was not by any means unthinkable. ngton had given its approval with the notion that if everything else failed I could invite her to come to the embassy residence. I couldn’t do that because she was not in Manila, but I did offer her refuge on the ship. She wisely concluded that she didn’t want to do that. She didn’t want to appear to be under U.S. sponsorship, so she took refuge for the night in a convent and then early the next day came back to Manila. In the meantime Cardinal Jaime Sin had gone on Radio Veritas which was a very small transmitter sponsored by the Catholic church when he learned that Enrile and [Acting Chief of Staff General Fidel] Ramos and their supporters were in the military camp and he said to the Philippine public that you’ve got to go help them, take them food. Of course at that point people began to pour out into the streets and once that happened it became clear that this may have started as a military coup, but was much more than that now. [Corazon Aquino] came back the next morning and she sort of took visible control…which was very important because I was very conscious of the need not to be seen as to be putting the U.S. behind a military coup attempt. Since we had by this time pretty much concluded publicly that she had basically won the election, there was nothing wrong with putting our support behind her. “Your government doesn’t understand. This is a military coup and I have to resist it” For the next two days my role consisted primarily of 1) keeping Washington fully informed and 2) warning Marcos directly on the phone that he should not move by force against Enrile and Ramos in a military camp. He should not do anything that would jeopardize the safety of hundreds of thousands of Filipino civilians who were out in the streets supporting Mrs. Aquino and demanding Marcos’ resignation. Finally, over the next couple of days the situation played out so that we issued a statement, the U.S. from Washington, which I then transmitted, to Marcos and others saying in effect the time has come you should leave… The time has come. With that we had removed the sign of heaven from him, the mandate of heaven. He was done. Then it was a question of how to get him out safely… His first words to me were, “I’m terribly disappointed. You don’t understand. Your government doesn’t understand. This is a military coup and I have to resist it.” I said, “Well, we don’t agree that it’s a military coup any longer. We think that it is something bigger than that. Anyway, these are my instructions.” I then got back to him the next day. He was in the palace with his family and his grandchildren. We offered him three alternative routes out,basically by land and by sea and by air. He opted for the air route and he sent some of his minions and his baggage out by boat. We took him out by helicopter. We took him to Clark where he spent a few hours and then we put him on a plane and he went out first to Guam and then to Hawaii. Of course, he died in exile… There is a big Filipino presence in Hawaii. He knew Hawaii. It was very important to us and to President Reagan in particular that we not allow him to be harassed, that we would give him safe haven basically in the United States, but we wouldn’t let him go back to the Philippines. Well, he never really had a complete safe haven because the legal people began coming after him very quickly. Eventually, even after his death they continued to go after the estate. He never went back to the Philippines until after his death. Mrs. Aquino comes to power and a great upsurge of national spirit and good feeling. The U.S. for a time at least was, we were heroes, because we had taken him out. I remember going down to call on her the day after Marcos had left. She was not yet living in the palace. She was in her office in her family’s building. As I ca me out having exchanged statements of good feeling with her and her principal aides, a big crowd of people on the outside all started cheering for the U.S. and me. It was really kind of an extraordinary experience since I previously used to go into my office at the embassy driving through large crowds of demonstrators all saying, “Bosworth go home.” Some of them had little clips underneath saying “Bosworth go home and take me with you.” Filipinos had a sense of humor if nothing else. I had a very close relationship with Mrs. Aquino in many ways, personally of course. It was incumbent upon me just because of circumstances to try to interpret her to Washington and interpret Washington to her. This was of course the normal role of an ambassador, but in this case it was more demanding because she had so little experience. She was a woman of tremendous integrity and great courage and I liked her generally and personally. She liked me and she liked my wife. Her great supporter turned out to be George Shultz. Others in the Reagan administration were less enthusiastic about her and many questioned her ability to run the country effectively. I always considered that she was sort of the mother of the Philippines. Her role essentially was to oversee the reestablishment of democratic institutions. There were missed opportunities. The government was not very coherent. It was torn from the right and from the left. There were great divisions within the government so that particularly in terms of economic policy, there were opportunities that were lost that were not regained until she finished her presidency and Fidel Ramos became president. That was a time of considerable consolidation and forward movement economically. Under her the Philippines became a democracy again, with all of its imperfections.
Back to Africa Check Does human breast milk neutralise the virus that causes COVID-19? As the evidence currently suggests, there is limited risk that SARS-CoV-2 can be transmitted via human milk. Consequently, the World Health Organization and other organisations (including Unicef, CDC, and the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists) recommend that mothers continue to breastfeed their infants. There is good evidence that antibodies present in human milk can neutralise SARS-CoV-2, suggesting a protective role of human milk against infection. However, it must be noted that Covid-19 is still a new disease and the available evidence is based on limited studies. More facts
Quick Answer: What Is Depreciation Entry? What is double entry for depreciation? The double entry is: debit the profit and loss account; credit the provision for depreciation account- with the amount of the depreciation charge for the year.. Which account is depreciation? The accumulated depreciation account is a contra asset account on a company’s balance sheet, meaning it has a credit balance. It appears on the balance sheet as a reduction from the gross amount of fixed assets reported. Is depreciation an adjusting entry? Depreciation of Fixed Assets and Adjusting Entries Estimated depreciation as an expense for a fixed asset must be recorded as an adjusted entry. Depreciation is the process of allocating the cost of property, plant, and equipment over their expected useful lives as an expense. How is depreciation shown on balance sheet? For income statements, depreciation is listed as an expense. It accounts for depreciation charged to expense for the income reporting period. On the other hand, when it’s listed on the balance sheet, it accounts for total depreciation instead of simply what happened during the expense period. Is Depreciation a debit or credit? Fixed assets are recorded as a debit on the balance sheet while accumulated depreciation is recorded as a credit–offsetting the asset. Since accumulated depreciation is a credit, the balance sheet can show the original cost of the asset and the accumulated depreciation so far. What is the formula for calculating depreciation? #1 Straight-Line Depreciation MethodDepreciation Formula for the Straight Line Method:Depreciation Expense = (Cost – Salvage value) / Useful life.Depreciation Expense = ($25,000 – $0) / 8 = $3,125 per year.Depreciation formula for the double-declining balance method:More items… Why is depreciation so important? Depreciation allows for companies to recover the cost of an asset when it was purchased. The process allows for companies to cover the total cost of an asset over it’s lifespan instead of immediately recovering the purchase cost. This allows companies to replace future assets using the appropriate amount of revenue. How is depreciation recorded? Depreciation is recorded by debiting Depreciation Expense and crediting Accumulated Depreciation. This is recorded at the end of the period (usually, at the end of every month, quarter, or year). … Accumulated Depreciation: A balance sheet account that represents the accumulated balance of depreciation. Is Depreciation a real account? depreciation is an expenses , so depreciation account will be debited and under Real Account All assets goes out ,must be credited. normally any kinds of fixed assets comes under real account and at the time of charging depreciation value of the fixed assets will reduced. What are the 3 methods of depreciation? What is the simplest depreciation method? Which method of depreciation is best? Is depreciation an asset or liability? Even though it reduces the value of your assets, it’s not a liability. Unlike a loan or an account payable, you don’t owe accumulated depreciation to anyone. Instead, depreciation is a contra asset account. Contra accounts contain negative amounts paired with regular asset accounts to reduce their value. What is depreciation and its journal entry? Depreciation Journal Entry is the journal entry passed to record the reduction in the value of the fixed assets due to normal wear and tear, normal usage or technological changes, etc. … The “Depreciation Expense” account is a part of the income statement, and it is a temporary account. What is the purpose of depreciation? What Is the Purpose of Depreciation? The purpose of depreciation is to match the cost of a productive asset, that has a useful life of more than a year, to the revenues earned by using the asset. What is depreciation in accounting with example? Is Accounts Payable an asset? Why is depreciation a credit? Accumulated depreciation has a credit balance, because it aggregates the amount of depreciation expense charged against a fixed asset. … Depreciation expense is a debit entry (since it is an expense), and the offset is a credit to the accumulated depreciation account (which is a contra account).
Implanted memories teach birds a song Researchers at UT Southwestern have begun to answer these questions in a new songbird study that shows memories can be implanted in the brain to teach vocalizations—without any lessons from the parent. Although the findings have no immediate implications for treating patients, they do provide compelling clues about where to look in the human brain to better understand autism and other conditions that affect language.
Discussion 5: Trees, Data Abstraction, Sequences This is an online worksheet that you can work on during discussions. Your work is not graded and you do not need to submit anything. Data Abstraction Data abstraction is a powerful concept in computer science that allows programmers to treat code as objects. For example, using code to represent cars, chairs, people, and so on. That way, programmers don't have to worry about how code is implemented; they just have to know what it does. Data abstraction mimics how we think about the world. If you want to drive a car, you don't need to know how the engine was built or what kind of material the tires are made of to do so. You just have to know how to use the car for driving itself, such as how to turn the wheel or press the gas pedal. A data abstraction consists of two types of functions: • Constructors: functions that build the abstract data type. • Selectors: functions that retrieve information from the data type. Programmers design data abstractions to abstract away how information is stored and calculated such that the end user does not need to know how constructors and selectors are implemented. The nature of abstraction allows whoever uses them to assume that the functions have been written correctly and work as described. One example of data abstraction is with trees. In computer science, trees are recursive data structures that are widely used in various settings and can be implemented in many ways. The diagram below is an example of a tree. Example Tree Generally in computer science, you may see trees drawn "upside-down" like so. We say the root is the node where the tree begins to branch out at the top, and the leaves are the nodes where the tree ends at the bottom. Some terminology regarding trees: • Parent Node: A node that has at least one branch. • Child Node: A node that has a parent. A child node can only have one parent. • Root: The top node of the tree. In our example, this is the 1 node. • Label: The value at a node. In our example, every node's label is an integer. • Leaf: A node that has no branches. In our example, the 4, 5, 6, 2 nodes are leaves. • Branch: A subtree of the root. Trees have branches, which are trees themselves: this is why trees are recursive data structures. • Depth: How far away a node is from the root. We define this as the number of edges between the root to the node. As there are no edges between the root and itself, the root has depth 0. In our example, the 3 node has depth 1 and the 4 node has depth 2. • Height: The depth of the lowest (furthest from the root) leaf. In our example, the 4, 5, and 6 nodes are all the lowest leaves with depth 2. Thus, the entire tree has height 2. In computer science, there are many different types of trees, used for different purposes. Some vary in the number of branches each node has; others vary in the structure of the tree. Tree Data Abstraction A tree has a root value and a list of branches, where each branch is itself a tree. The data abstraction specifies that calling branches on a tree t will give us a list of branches. Treating the return value of branches(t) as a list is then part of how we define trees. How the entire tree t is implemented is under the abstraction barrier. Rather than assuming an implementation of label and branches, we will want to use those selector functions directly. For example, we could choose to implement the tree data abstraction with a dictionary with separate entries for the label and the branches, or as a list with the first element being label and the rest being branches. • The tree constructor takes in a value label for the root, and an optional list of branches branches. If branches isn't given, the constructor uses the empty list [] as the default. • The label selector returns the value of the root, while the branches selector returns the list of branches of the tree. With this in mind, we can create the tree from earlier using our constructor: t = tree(1, Q1: Tree Abstraction Barrier Consider a tree t constructed by calling tree(1, [tree(2), tree(4)]). For each of the following expressions, answer these two questions: • What does the expression evaluate to? • Does the expression violate any abstraction barriers? If so, write an equivalent expression that does not violate abstraction barriers. 1. label(t) 2. t[0] 3. label(branches(t)[0]) 4. is_leaf(t[1:][1]) 5. [label(b) for b in branches(t)] 6. Challenge: branches(tree(5, [t, tree(3)]))[0][0] Q2: Height Write a function that returns the height of a tree. Recall that the height of a tree is the length of the longest path from the root to a leaf. Run in 61A Code Q3: Maximum Path Sum Write a function that takes in a tree and returns the maximum sum of the values along any path in the tree. Recall that a path is from the tree's root to any leaf. Run in 61A Code Q4: Find Path Write a function that takes in a tree and a value x and returns a list containing the nodes along the path required to get from the root of the tree to a node containing x. If x is not present in the tree, return None. Assume that the entries of the tree are unique. For the following tree, find_path(t, 5) should return [2, 7, 6, 5] Example Tree Run in 61A Code Sequences are ordered collections of values that support element-selection and have length. We've worked with lists, but other Python types are also sequences, including strings. Q5: Map, Filter, Reduce Many languages provide map, filter, reduce functions for sequences. Python also provides these functions (and we'll formally introduce them later on in the course), but to help you better understand how they work, you'll be implementing these functions in the following problems. In Python, the map and filter built-ins have slightly different behavior than the my_map and my_filter functions we are defining here. my_map takes in a one argument function fn and a sequence seq and returns a list containing fn applied to each element in seq. Run in 61A Code my_filter takes in a predicate function pred and a sequence seq and returns a list containing all elements in seq for which pred returns True. Run in 61A Code my_reduce takes in a two argument function combiner and a non-empty sequence seq and combines the elements in seq into one value using combiner. Run in 61A Code Q6: Count palindromes Write a function that counts the number of palindromes (any word that reads the same forwards as it does when read backwards) in a list of words using only lambda, string operations, conditional expressions, and the functions we defined above (my_filter, my_map, my_reduce). Specifically, do not use recursion or any kind of loop. Run in 61A Code Hint: The easiest way to get the reversed version of a string s is to use the Python slicing notation trick s[::-1]. Also, the function lower, when called on strings, converts all of the characters in the string to lowercase. For instance, if the variable s contains the string "PyThoN", the expression s.lower() evaluates to "python". Additional Practice Q7: Perfectly Balanced Part A: Implement sum_tree, which returns the sum of all the labels in tree t. Part B: Implement balanced, which returns whether every branch of t has the same total sum and that the branches themselves are also balanced. Challenge: Solve both of these parts with just 1 line of code each. Run in 61A Code Run in 61A Code Q8: Hailstone Tree We can represent the hailstone sequence as a tree in the figure below, showing the route different numbers take to reach 1. Remember that a hailstone sequence starts with a number n, continuing to n/2 if n is even or 3n+1 if n is odd, ending with 1. Write a function hailstone_tree(n, h) which generates a tree of height h, containing hailstone numbers that will reach n. Hint: A node of a hailstone tree will always have at least one, and at most two branches (which are also hailstone trees). Under what conditions do you add the second branch? Run in 61A Code
Chinese Text Project Simplified Chinese version Back Forward Confucianism -> Yangzi Fayan -> Five Hundred Years -> 5 In the past Qi and Lu had great ministers, but history has lost their names. ：“？”Someone said: Why were they great? Yangzi said: Shusun Tong wanted to formulate new ceremonies for rulers and ministers, and recruited ru from Qi and Lu. 。” There were two men that he could not lure. ：“仲尼诸侯？”The other said: If this is so, then was it wrong for Confucius to travel around in search for employment by the feudal lords? ：“仲尼Yangzi said: Confucius traveled around and searched, but he did so in order to employ himself. If he had given up on himself and followed others, then even though he had compass and square, level and marking line, how could he have been able to use them?
From Cunnan Revision as of 10:37, 30 January 2006 by Cian (talk \| contribs) Jump to navigationJump to search A Housecarl (sometimes spelled Huscarl) was an Anglo-Saxon warrior who had sworn fealty to a lord. As vassals living in a noble's household, Housecarls were the standing fighters of Anglo-Saxon England, comparable to knights elsewhere in Europe. They were required to have the best quality equipment and if they failed to do so they would be expelled from the Huscarls. They had additional duties acting in their lord's stead in a number of tasks.
Peer Review Articles Eine Konzerttheorie Tröndle, Martin In: Musiktheorie This article aims to develop the fundamentals of a theory of concert. Since it wants to explore why in history there is a wide variety of the ways to present music in public, and why some of them were more commonly spread than others, it connects two different theoretical perspectives: the evolutionary aesthetics and the theory of affordance (Kurt Lewin). Using the central concept of “attention” (Bernhard Waldenfels, Georg Franck) a concert theory is exemplified in historical as well as recent developments. This essay is based on a much more detailed theory outline in the anthology Das KonzertII (Tröndle 2018). Online lesen Tröndle, Martin (2018): Eine Konzerttheorie. Musiktheorie, 33(4), S. 285.
FAQ - dysentery, amebic (Powered by Yahoo! Answers) how would i describe the diseases : african sleeping sickness, and amebic dysentery (wnat are the two parasite? African sleeping sickness is caused by a parasite called Trypanosoma brucei gambiense or rhodesiense depending on the location in Africa. It is transmitted by the tsetse fly. It initially is bloodborne but progresses to the CNS. Amoebic dysentary is caused by Entamoeba histolytica, which of course is a protozoan amoeba. You usually get this from contaminated water/food washed with contaminated water. (+ info) what is amebic dysentery? is it a virus or bacteria? where in the body does it attack? It's neither. It's a parasite called Entamoeba histolytica. Amebiasis is contracted by consuming contaminated food or water containing the cyst stage of the parasite. It can also be spread by person-to-person contact. The mild form of amebiasis includes nausea, loose stools, weight loss, abdominal tenderness and occasional fever. Rarely, the parasite will invade the body beyond the intestines and cause a more serious infection, such as a liver abscess. Specific antibiotics such as metronidazole can be prescribed by a doctor to treat amebiasis. (+ info) a protozoa which causes amebic dysentery and liver abscess.? entamoeba histolytica (+ info) how is amebic dysentery spread? I looked this up on the link below and copied it for you . Amoebic dysentery (or amebic dysentery) is caused by the amoeba Entamoeba histolytica. Amoebic dysentery is transmitted through contaminated food and water. Dysentery can also be spread by contaminated hands, from toddlers, because of their poor hygiene and close contact with other toddlers. From ingestion, the infecting organisms move into the intestines via the stomach. Amoebae spread by forming infective cysts which can be found in stools and spread if whoever touches them does not sanitize their hands. There are also free amoebae, or trophozoites, that do not form cysts. Amoebic dysentery is well known as a "traveler's dysentery" because of its prevalence in developing nations, or "Montezuma's Revenge" although it is occasionally seen in industrialized countries. Liver infection, and subsequent amoebic abscesses can occur. It is caused mainly by the protozoan Entamoeba histolytica. Amoebic dysentery can be treated with metronidazole======== (+ info) Can you get dysentery from soapy dishes that are not rinsed thoroughly? My husband and mother think you can get a stomach ailment if all the soap is not rinsed off dishes? Is this true. I tried researching on line and no where does it say dysentery is caused by clean soapy water. Absolutely not. Dysentery is most commonly caused by a bacterial infection and washed dishes aren't going to have them in sufficient numbers to cause it. In any case, dysentery in a modern Western-style country is really rare and the only victims I've ever seen contracted it in Third World countries. In practice if you touch the dishes after washing them and have unwashed faecally contaminated hands, you could give the diner diarrhoea. Likewise, if you dry the dishes with an unwashed cloth it could be so loaded with pathogenic bacteria that it could make the diner very unwell. Even then, diarrhoea is very different in severity to dysentery. The worst that may happen with a soapy dish is that an excess of soapy deposits could cause a stomach upset, but you'd need there to be so much soap that it would make the food completely unpalatable. (+ info) I have dysentery, what should I do to ease the stomach pain? A few days ago i got dysentery. I threw up a bit, got a short fever, and got diarrhea (im not gonna give ya details for your sake. =P). But worst of all is the stomach pain. Sometimes it hurts so much I feel like screaming. My uncle, who's a doctor who specializes in diseases like this, gave me these stomoch pills. He said to take two of them if my stomach really hurts. But other than that, what should I do to ease the pain? Stomach pain how terrible!!! The best thing to do is to keep the mid section of your body warm. Drink luke-warm boiled water and sip it. It may sound crazy but even after a diarrhea attack still eat and drink but in small amounts. Your body loses so much water, and your stomach never stops creating acid. Your stomach needs food constantly to break down or else it will eat away at the lining and make your cramps even worse. if you take pain killers make sure you have something to eat before you take them or else they have a real bad effect. Lie down and have a hot water bottle or an electric blanket on. Make sure there`s nothing around that stresses you out. Take note of your breathing listen to your self breathe, think of yourself floating away to somewhere nice. Usually digestive disorders are all due to stress of some kind. So you might wanna find what your overdoing or lacking. Sip some peppermint or chamomile tea anything containing caffeine is not good for stomach cramps. Even if you are in alot of pain try and repeat to yourself I can get through this..Oh and as someone else suggested take some Mylanta that really helps! After a diarrhea attack follow this diet The BRAT diet If you follw this diet your stomach should settle....All the best (+ info) What is amoebic dysentery and how do you cure it? I went to Mexico and come back in bad pain. Doc says that this is what I got, but I am too embarresed to ask what it is? straight from wikipedia: Dysentery is an illness involving severe diarrhea that is often associated with blood in the feces. It is caused by ingestion of food containing bacteria, causing a disease in which inflammation of the intestines affect the body significantly. There are two major types: shigellosis, which is caused by one of several type of Shigella bacteria; and amoebic dysentery, which is caused by the amoeba Entamoeba histolytica. Amoebic dysentery is transmitted by contaminated water, and is well known as a "travellers dysentery" because of its prevalence in developing nations, or "Montezuma's Revenge" (particularly in Mexico), although it is occasionally seen in industrialized countries. Liver infection, and subsequent amoebic abscesses can occur. It can be treated with metronidazole or related azole drugs. In adults, dysentery caused by bacteria usually subsides spontaneously. But in children, and other vulnerable groups, the condition can be treated with antibiotics. However, Shigella dysenteriae type 1 (Sd1) has, in recent years, become increasingly resistant to drug treatments. Among people who have become dehydrated as a result of the disease, the key is to replenish their fluid stocks as quickly as possible. This can be done using oral rehydration salts or intravenous fluids. Amoebic dysentery is usually treated with a combination of drugs. These include an amoebicide to kill the parasite, an antibiotic to treat any associated bacterial infection, and a drug to combat infection of the liver and other tissues. Aslo herbal methods are useful to. (+ info) How to get recovery from chronic dysentery. Please advice? My age is 35 years. I've been suffering with chronic dysentery. As a result of this dysentery, my health is being weak. I feel always nervous. I fail to work properly due to my weakness. When I use toilet, I evacuate stool with mucous. Please advice how to get recovery immediately from this bad disease. Your cooperation is highly appreciated. Amebiasis is infection with Entamoeba histolytica. It is commonly asymptomatic, but mild diarrhea to severe dysentery may occur. Extraintestinal infections include liver abscesses. Diagnosis is by identifying E. histolytica in stool specimens or by serologic tests. Treatment for symptomatic disease is with metronidazole or tinidazole followed by paromomycin or other drugs active against cysts in the lumen. Complications of Amebiasis:- * Liver abscess * Medication side effects, including nausea Consult a Gastro enterologist. Please see the web pages for more details on Dysentery and Colorectal cancer. (+ info) What are the symptoms of chronic Dysentery? What are the symptoms of chronic Dysentery? And why doesn't it always appear in stool test? Mine appeared "cysts" what does this mean? And I saw a small worm in the poo... And can it cause through time if left untreated?? And what sort of antibiotics should I take? I’ve been suffering for 3 month now plz anybody heeeeeeeeeeeeeelp Here are some of the symptoms # Abdominal pain # Tenesmus # Bloody stool # Mucus in stool # Intestine inflammation # Colon inflammation # Nausea # Vomiting # Abdominal cramping # Fever If you want to know more you could go on http://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/d/dysentery/symptoms.htm (+ info) Any way to cure puking and dysentery? I woke up this morning puking then and now I have dysentery and I am still puking. Any cures? Please help! Hi Soccer chick. Vomiting and diarrhoea are normal and healthy ways for the body to get rid of unacceptable things. It is clear you have either taken foods or drinks which are not compatible with your system. If you avoid the offending substances your diarrhoea and vomiting will settle down without any medications. However, if you need medications please go to your pharmacist and ask for any anti emetic. Anti emetics are group of medications which help control vomiting. Maxolon is one such example. Ask for anti diarrhoeals for your diarrhoea. Lomotil is one such example. (+ info) 1 2 3 4 5 Leave a message about 'dysentery, amebic'
Why was Dreadnought so important? Why was Dreadnought so important? Dreadnought brought together for the first time a series of technologies which had been developing over several years. Most important was her firepower. She was the first all big-gun battleship - with ten 12-inch guns. Each gun fired half-ton shells over 4ft tall and packed with high explosive. What is Dreadnought? The dreadnought is a type of acoustic guitar body developed by American guitar manufacturer C.F. Martin & Company. ... A body much larger than most other guitars provided the dreadnought with a bolder, perhaps richer, and often louder tone. It is distinguished by its size and square shoulders and bottom. Is Dreadnought single player? Dreadnought is an upcoming aerial armada action game with a distinct sci-fi look and intense, tactical feel. ... In the game, players take command of massive capital Ships in the sky within the title's core competitive and cooperative multiplayer suite and its episodic, single-player, story-driven campaign. Is Dreadnought a good guitar? Both Dreadnought and Concert are best-selling acoustic guitars, and the competition is neck and neck. ... And, because of this, a budget-friendly Dreadnought with an all-laminate body can sound great to the guitar newbies. So, if the volume is your only concern, a Dreadnought can be a good option. Who invented dreadnought battleship? Admiral Sir John "Jacky" Fisher What caused the naval race between Britain and Germany? German battleship building and Weltpolitik opened the door to the Anglo-German naval race. Driven by a desire to make the German Empire a viable world power and an integral industrial nation, the Navy Bills of 1898 and 1900 laid out the course for a massive naval expansion under anti-British auspices. Who did Germany attack first in ww1? Germany entered into World War I on Aug, when it declared war on Russia. In accordance with its war plan, it ignored Russia and moved first against France–declaring war on August 3 and sending its main armies through Belgium to attack Paris from the north. How many dreadnoughts did Germany have? Arms race ends (1912–1914) CountryPersonnelLarge naval vessels (dreadnoughts) Why did the naval race cause ww1? Militarism could have cause the war due to the naval and arms race. The main event of Militarism causing World War one was the naval rivalry which was made after 1900. Britain had the most powerful navy in the world. The new Keiser Wilhelm announced his intention to build a bigger German navy than Britain. Who had the best Navy in ww1? British Royal Navy Which country had the largest WWI Army? What did the German Navy Law of 1900 say? The First Navy Law passed in 1898. It decreed that seven battleships would be built bringing the total naval size to nineteen. In 1900, the Second Naval Law was passed which doubled the size of the navy to 38 ships. What did Weltpolitik mean for Germany? "Weltpolitik" was the foreign policy adopted by Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany in 1890, which marked a decisive break with former Chancellor Otto von Bismarck's ' "Realpolitik." The aim of Weltpolitik was to transform Germany into a global power through aggressive diplomacy, the acquisition of overseas colonies, and the ... What were the 5 naval laws? The Naval Laws (German: Flottengesetze, "Fleet Laws") were five separate laws passed by the German Empire, in 1898, 1900, 1906, 1908, and 1912. What is Flottenpolitik? Flottenpolitik was the idea of building up the navy, so that Germany could become a great power and a world player. ... A series of naval laws were introduced between 1898 and 1912, which saw the massive development of the German navy. This began a naval arms race with Britain, costing huge sums of money. How did Weltpolitik cause tension? Thus, in giving Gemany an extra incentive to want to conduct a continental war to weaken their rivals and force the handover of colonies, Weltpolitik contributed heavily to the raising of tensions in the build up to war, and subsequently war itself. Answered by Jamie T. What year was World War 3? Who was the weakest country in ww1? I realize that when Austria Hungary declared war and invaded Serbia, this dragged Russia and German into this, and plenty of other countries....Best/worst armies of WW1. Men from United Kingdom, in Army in August 1914:733,514 From West Indies:16,000This total to end of 1917 From other Dominions:31,000 Did Germany defeat Russia ww1? WWI -- Russia. ... The German Army turned West and attacked the flank of the Russian Second Army. Within four days of fighting, bogged down in lakes and swamps, the Russian Second Army was defeated. Why did Russia do so poorly in ww1? Military weakness. The outbreak of war on 1 August 1914 found Russia grossly unprepared. ... Russian heavy industry was still too small to equip the massive armies that the Tsar could raise, and its reserves of munitions were pitifully small.
34 actively feed them, first-year birds occasionally follow one parent toward the nest. At such times the breeding male often supplants the first-year bird by landing next to it and sometimes pecking. The "helper" either gives a submissive posture (slightly crouched and bill upraised) and then flies off, or else flies a short distance at once. Rarely does the male chase after the "helper." On 12 May 1969 in territory 2, SR-O, male, was not in sight as PiS-W, female, flew to the nest and fed a youngster. She flew off and immediately 1G-YS, a female first-year bird, flew to the nest and peered in. The hestlings began begging and 1G-YS moved her bill toward them as though to pass food but none was passed. Again two days later, just after the female left the nest and the male was not in sight, 1G-YS flew up to the nest and this time fed one of the youngsters. When the young leave the nest the parents continue feeding them and now the first-year birds more frequently bring food to the fledglings. In territory 1 in 1968, the young left the nest on 18 March and for the next three days SR-W, female first-year bird, brought food to the fledglings at least twice each day. In 1969 M-PS in territory 10 fed young after they were out of the nest. Thus, the first-year birds present in the territory occa sionally function as "helpers" with the young. Most of the time, however, they remain somewhere in the territory but away from the nest or new set of youncr.
October 11, 2018 Typically, we key in on temperatures when it comes to our home comfort, but the humidity levels in your home play a bigger role than you might believe. Generally when we hear the word humidity, we think of the impact humidity has when we are outdoors. Nevertheless, it is recommended that your home holds a humidity level between 30 and 50 percent. What do those levels mean? The air inside your home is holding between 30 to 50 percent of the maximum amount of moisture it can hold. Too Much Humidity If you haven’t been in the situation, you’ve likely at least heard about the influence humidity can have on how hot the weather feels. An 80-degree day in one area might feel cooler than an 80-degree day in an environment with increased humidity. Humidity can impact the temps in your house as well. If there is too much humidity, it makes it difficult for your body to monitor internal temperatures. Dehumidified air feels cooler, so you might have the ability to set your thermostat at a higher temp and still feel comfortable, which could provide you with energy savings. Too Little Humidity While drier air might feel good outdoors, too little humidity also has negative implications inside the home. Dry air can make your skin feel cold and itchy and result in sore throats and chapped lips. The amount of static electricity increases too, so you’ll notice that touching some items such as doorknobs will give you a little shock. Lack of moisture impacts the wood around your home, causing cracking and shrinking in your furniture, trim and even floors. The dry air also affects your body’s mucous membranes, heightening your risk of developing a cold or breathing challenges. What can you do? However, there are steps to help you monitor and manage humidity levels in the home. A smart thermostat can help you gauge the air in your home so you can see what the humidity levels are inside. And if you are having difficulties getting in the 30 to 50 percent range for humidity, there are humidifiers and dehumidifiers that offer a solution for getting to the right amount of humidity. If you see any of the warning signs mentioned above, or if you want an expert to come out and check out your home’s humidity levels, A2Z Air Inc can help. You can book an appointment by reaching us at 561-270-6228. Our experts will answer your questions and help you identify next steps for achieving the best humidity level for your home comfort.
This Tech Bite was brought to you by Edin Begić, Junior Software Engineer at Atlantbh. Tech Bites are tips, tricks, snippets or explanations about various programming technologies and paradigms, which can help engineers with their everyday job. Code refactoring Refactoring is the process of changing a software system in such a way that it does not alter the behavior of the code yet improves its structure. It is a disciplined way to clean up code. In essence, when you refactor you are improving the design of the code after it has been written. Code smells are a set of common signs which indicate that the written code is probably not good enough and is in need of refactoring. Redundant comments are one of many documented code smells. A comment is redundant if it describes something that adequately describes itself. An example is a Javadoc that says nothing more than (or less than) the function signature. i++; // increment i * @param sellRequest * @return * @throws ManagedComponentException public SellResponse beginSellItem(SellRequest sellRequest) throws ManagedComponentException { // ... Comments should say things that the code cannot say for itself, i.e. intentions or why something is the way it is. Refactoring techniques: Decompose conditional When code consists of a complicated conditional (if-then-else) statement, usually refactoring should be applied. One solution is to decompose the complicated parts of the conditional into separate methods: the condition, then and else. By extracting conditional code to methods named, so that the intention of that block of code is specified, you make life easier for the person who will be maintaining the code later. if (date.before (SUMMER_START) \|\| date.after(SUMMER_END)) { charge = quantity * _winterRate + _winterServiceCharge; } else { charge = quantity * _summerRate; if (isSummer(date)) { charge = summerCharge(quantity); } else { charge = winterCharge(quantity); Leave a Reply
We are open - safety is our top priority! View our safety measures Our Blog Understanding the Links Between Tooth Decay and Genetics Tooth decay is the most common chronic disease in the world, but some people may be more vulnerable to it than others. If you’ve ever wondered why your friend seems to eat candy and drink soda constantly, yet rarely or never develops any cavities, while you brush after every meal and still end up in the dentist’s chair, the answer might be in your genes. According to research, about 60 percent of tooth decay appears to involve genetic factors. Although it’s still a relatively new area of study, it’s clear that tooth decay and genetics are closely related in several important ways. Tooth Decay and Genetics: Five Ways They’re Related 1. Scientists have discovered that some people are genetically programmed to enjoy sweets more than others. If all other factors are equal, those with stronger sweet preferences tend to develop tooth decay more often. 2. The human body plays host to various communities of bacteria. Separate communities live on the tongue, below the gum line, and on the surface of teeth. As a whole, these communities make up what scientists call a microbiome. Each person’s immune response to his or her microbiome depends on genetic factors, and the immune response contributes to the risk of tooth decay. 3. Genetic factors determine each person’s ability to taste certain flavors, or perceive them in a specific way. Studies have demonstrated that people who have wider variety in their genetic taste ability profiles are less likely to develop tooth decay. The reason for this connection is yet unknown. 4. The strength of a person’s tooth enamel is determined by their genes. Those with softer enamel are more vulnerable to bacteria, acids, and other factors that lead to tooth decay. 5. Healthy teeth need calcium, potassium, and other minerals to stay strong, but eating the right foods isn’t enough. Saliva plays a large part in metabolizing these substances so that they can be used properly. Genes determine the effectiveness and strength of saliva. The Other 40 Percent If your genes have doomed you to experience a high risk of tooth decay, don’t despair. The other 40 percent of tooth decay is related to hygiene and behaviors, and those are elements you can control. Brush and floss regularly, see your dentist often, don’t smoke, and avoid sugary drinks and snacks. To get the dental care you deserve from an affordable dentist in Atlanta, call today at or make an appointment. Dental One Associates offers affordable family dentistry and gentle, compassionate dental care in Atlanta. With 8 affiliated practices throughout Georgia, our offices are conveniently located with extended hours to meet your needs. At , we provide most dental services, from basic preventative care and general dentistry to specialized procedures and complete dental reconstruction. We accept most dental insurance plans and offer affordable financial solutions for any budget. Patient satisfaction is our top priority and we strive to provide the exceptional, affordable dental care and personal touch that lead to lasting relationships. A smiling patient is our greatest reward and we look forward to keeping those smiles healthy, beautiful, and bright. Discover an affordable dentist who truly cares at . Book Online Now Complete the form below to book your appointment today. Book an appointment today! Book Now Site Navigation
Japan declares nuclear emergency and rations energy Two explosions at a stricken nuclear power station in Japan have followed huge damage to the country from an earthquake and tidal wave. Japan's prime minister, Naoto Kan, has ordered energy rationing for up to three hours a day and declared a nuclear emergency following the earthquake. Over the weekend two explosions at the Tokyo Electric Power Company's (TEPCO's) Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power station have raised concerns of radioactive contamination. The explosions followed damage to the reactors caused by the joint effects of a massive earthquake and then a devastating flood which tore across much of the country. Nuclear authorities are currently pouring sea water into the reactors, which will damage them in the long term, but could prevent further explosions. However, while around 20 workers have been injured in the two explosions, the most recent of which was last night, so far the radiation appears to be contained. The plants number one reactor blew up at the at the weekend, with the third reactor also exploding last night when its cooling system failed. There are also reports that the second reactor cooling system has failed, which is likely to cause it to explode as well. The Government initially set up and evacuated a 10 mile area around the plant, but was forced to extend that to 20 miles yesterday. The country's prime minister has appealed for international help and warned residents living near the nuclear sites to stay indoors. Mr Kan: "At present, no impacts from radioactive materials upon the area outside of the facilities have been confirmed. "Persons affected are asked not to begin evacuation hurriedly but rather to be on standby." British secretary of state for energy and climate change Chris Huhne, said: "The incident at Fukushima is clearly a very serious matter. It is much too early to say what the impact and implications are. "We will be working closely with the IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency) and Japan to carefully establish what lessons can be learned. "If Japan needs any assistance in terms of nuclear physicists and expertise from the United Kingdom, we would be very willing to help." Luke Walsh
The Georgian Bay Amateur Radio Club We are an amateur radio group based in central Ontario Canada catering to those with an interest in the hobby of radio. September 2021 Newsletter Click Here About Amateur Radio What is amateur radio? Amateur radio is a popular technical hobby and volunteer public service. As a radio amateur, you can transmit and receive radio signals on frequency bands allocated for use by amateur radio amateurs. Amateur radio operators use these designated bands of radio frequencies for non-commercial exchange of messages, wireless experimentation, self-training, and emergency communications. A 1910 announcement by the then HM Postmaster General licensed 'experimental wireless', which still uniquely gives radio amateurs the ability to innovate without commercial or statutory controls even in the closely regulated environment of the 21st century. Amateur radio is the only hobby governed by international treaty. Amateur radio operators use the amateur radio bands for a variety of purposes: Contacting people all over the world by radio which often leads to developing international friendships Competing in international competitions to test the effectiveness of their equipment and their skill as a radio operator Technical experimentation - many of the leaps forward in radio technology have been initiated by radio amateurs Providing communications at times of emergencies and undertaking exercises to maintain that capability What can I do with a ham radio? Local operation with F.M. repeaters Long distance (around the world) operation with H.F. "Chat" with text over the radio with R.T.T.Y. (Radio Teletype) Network computers over the radio with Packet Send video over the radio with A.T.V. (Amateur Television) Design and build antennas Emergency Communications Amateur Radio Emergency Service Grey County Assist others to join the hobby through radio courses Many ham radio operators volunteer their time and use ham radio primarily for local public service events such as races, parades, city festivals, etc. Skills learned helping with such things are useful in emergencies when regular local communications such as home telephones and cell phones are not available due to disasters such as terrorism, tornadoes, hurricanes, etc. Some hams like to communicate across the country or the other side of the globe. There are some that like to use satellites or bounce their signal off of the moon and others have even spoken with astronauts on the International Space Station. Ham radio will begin new friendships for you either through an amateur radio club that may be located in your town or over the air. Remember: When the telephone lines are down the hams are up!
What Causes Skin Tags? What are skin tags Skin tags are small, benign growths that are composed of a core of fibers and ducts, nerve cells, fat cells, and a covering or epidermis. Additional names for skin tags include acrochordon, cutaneous papilloma, cutaneous tag, fibroepithelial polyp, fibroma molluscum, fibroma pendulum, papilloma colli, soft fibroma, and Templeton skin tag. They are often seen raised from the skin on a stalk called a peduncle. Skin tags can occur almost anywhere there is skin. However, favorite areas for tags are the eyelids, neck, armpits, upper chest (particularly under the female breasts), and groin folds. Tags are typically thought to occur in characteristic locations where skin rubs against skin or clothing. Although tags are generally acquired (not present at birth) and may occur in anyone, more often they arise in adulthood. They are much more common in middle age and they tend to increase in prevalence up to age 60. Children and toddlers may also develop skin tags in the underarm and neck areas. Since they are thought to arise more readily in areas of skin friction or rubbing, tags are also more common in overweight people. Causes of skin tags • Chaffing and irritation from the skin rubbing together • Hormones secreted during pregnancy or in cases of acromegaly (gigantism) • Insulin resistance caused by diabetes • Human papilloma virus These tiny skin growths generally cause no symptoms unless they are repeatedly irritated, for example, by the collar or in the groin. Cosmetic removal for unsightly appearance is perhaps the most common reason they are removed. Occasionally, a tag may require removal because it has become irritated and red from bleeding (hemorrhage) or black from twisting and dying of the skin tissue (necrosis). Sometimes they may become snagged by clothing, jewelry, pets, or seatbelts, causing pain or discomfort. Overall these are very benign growths that have no cancer (malignant) potential.
Contraceptive pill or ‘the pill’ is taken by women to prevent unwanted conception. They are either taken regularly over a monthly schedule or are used immediately after coitus for the purpose of contraception. Pills which are taken after coitus are known as emergency contraceptive pills. These are meant to be taken within 72 hours of sexual activity to prevent pregnancy. Contraceptive pills or birth control pills which are taken over a monthly cycle, come in two formulations, that is, as a combined pill and a mini pill. Both these pills come with different drug compositions. These pills function by interfering with the process of the ovulatory cycle, that is, the reproductive cycle in females which releases an egg each month and makes it available for fertilisation. All the types of pills are effective in the process of birth control but have their own set of benefits, risks and side effects, which is why they must not be taken without your physician’s consult. When using these pills with a prescription, it is important that you be careful to take them on the specified time and never miss a dose as this reduces its contraceptive actions. Let’s discuss more about the mechanism, benefits, dosage, risks, uses and side effects of these pills through this article. 1. What are contraceptive pills 2. Types and names of contraceptive pills 3. How to use contraceptive pills and dosage 4. When to take contraceptive pills 5. How do contraceptive pills work (mechanism of action) 6. Benefits of contraceptive pills 7. Side effects of contraceptive pills Doctors for Contraceptive pills: how to use, benefits and side effects Contraceptive pills or birth control pills are effective methods of preventing unwanted pregnancy. They contain artificial combinations of female hormones, essentially consumed by the oral route. Contraceptive pills function by preventing the process of fertilisation through one or the other mechanism. There are three types of contraceptive pills: Combined contraceptive pill Mini contraceptive pill Mini pills or "progesterone-only pills" have just progesterone in their formulation and lack oestrogen. They are another common method of birth control among women and function in a similar manner as combination pills. Emergency contraceptive pill Emergency contraceptive pill, also called as the "morning-after pill", is taken after sexual intercourse in order to ward off an unwanted pregnancy. These are the only kind of contraceptive pills which can prevent pregnancy when they are taken after sexual intercourse. These pills have a short window of action and must be necessarily consumed within 3 days to a maximum of 5 days after unprotected sex. It is believed that the sooner you take it, the more effective the pill will be. Let’s discuss more about each type. There are three types of contraceptive pills and each has further subtypes and brands unique to them: • Combined pill • Mini pill • Emergency pill Types and brands of combined pill The combined contraceptive pill, though having the same hormonal combination, is of different types on the basis of the amount of hormone present: 1. Monophasic 21-day pills: This type contains the same amount of hormone in all pills and one pill is taken for 21 days, following a 7-day rest. This is the most commonly used type of pill. 2. Phasic 21-day pills: This type contains 2 to 3 sections of differently coloured pills, which have varying amounts of hormone as per the colour. These are to be taken in a similar manner but in proper order. 3. Everyday pill: Everyday pills, as the name suggests, are meant to be taken every day, that is, even during the rest days. A pack of these contains 28 pills, of which, 21 are active and 7 are inactive or dummy pills, both of which are taken alike. As opposed to the other two types, there is no break in dosage and these pills are taken continuously throughout. Its popular brands are Triqular, Trones, Ovral and Unwanted 21. Types and brands of mini pill Femfolin is a common brand. In India, this type of pill is mostly recommended only to women who are breastfeeding because estrogen cannot be given to them. Types and names of emergency contraceptive pills There are two types of emergency contraceptive pills, which are: 1. Levonorgestrel: An emergency contraceptive pill based on levonorgestrel needs to be taken within the first 3 days of sexual intercourse in order to prevent pregnancy. Its popular brands are Unwanted 72 and i-Pill. 2. Ulipristal Acetate: An emergency contraceptive pill based on ulipristal acetate is effective when taken up to 5 days after sex. Doctors in India do not recommend using it to prevent pregnancy. It is used to treat fibroids. Each of the types of contraceptive pills is used differently and has a different dosage, as follows: Dosage of combined contraceptive pills Combined contraceptive pills usually come in a pack of 21 pills, which are meant to be taken each day for 21 days. Forth this, you stop taking the pill for a duration of 7 days, which is the period when you will bleed. After 7 days, you resume taking your pills with a new pack of combined pills and the cycle continues. What’s important with this pill is that you have to remember to take the pill every day, most preferably at the same time, in order for the pill to be effective. Not doing so, increases the chances of contraceptive failure and pregnancy. You can fix a particular time or activity so that you remember to take the pill on time. In case of a missed dosage, it is important that you consult with your doctor instead of trying your luck with the pill. If you have been prescribed with everyday pills, you are required to take a pill from the pack each day without the 7-day rest. The pack of 28 pills has 21 usual pills and 7 dummy pills for the period you will bleed. The next packet is immediately started after the first ends. This type of packing is good for remembering the dose and continuation. Dosage of the mini pill Mini pills come in a 28-day pack and are meant to be taken for each day of the month. Unlike combination pills, all the 28 pills are active, that is, have hormonal composition. You are required to take a pill from the pack at the same time each day or at least within a bracket of 3 hours. Reminders or preceding activities may be helpful means of doing so. There are no drug-free weeks in case of a mini pill and you begin with a new pack as soon as the previous ends. You may get your bleed during the fourth week. Dosage of emergency contraceptive pills You are required to take an emergency contraceptive pill immediately after unprotected sex. If you have missed the bracket of 3 days for Levonorgestrel, Ulipristal can be taken within the next 2 days. Emergency contraception will not function after 5 days and you may get pregnant despite using the pill. You can also take an emergency contraceptive pill before sexual intercourse in case you feel that your usual method of contraception is failing or if you are going for a vacation and there is a likelihood of missing the pill. As discussed, each type of contraceptive pills is used and taken differently. Beyond that, there is a specific time when each has to be taken: When to start taking the combined contraceptive pills The beginning dose of these pills is started relative to your menstrual cycle, based on which, the need for additional contraception during the initial days is also determined. Usually, if you are prescribed with these pills beginning on the first day of your menstrual cycle, it functions effectively, and there is no need for additional contraception. If the pill is started a bit later during your cycle, say, on the fifth day, you will require some additional form of contraception, like condoms, before the pill becomes active. After 7 days of taking the pill, you can discontinue extra contraception as the pill has become effective. When to start the mini pill Progesterone-only pills can be started at any time during the menstrual cycle. It will be effective within 48 hours of dosage and will offer birth control. If you have sex within 48 hours of intake, it is important that you make use of a condom. When to take the emergency pill This is taken after having unprotected intercourse. Depending on the type, it has to be taken with three or five days of having sex. Different types of contraceptive pills work as follows: How do combined contraceptive pills work The pill functions by preventing fertilisation in the following manner: • Preventing the release of ova each month. • Thickening the layer of mucus at the end of the uterus, so that the sperm is unable to penetrate and reach the egg inside. • Thinning of the uterine lining so that the fertilised egg is unable to implant itself within the uterine wall for growth. How does an emergency contraceptive pill work Emergency contraceptive pill functions by interfering with the process of ovulation, primarily by having an effect on the hormone progesterone. Levonorgestrel works by increasing the levels of progesterone whereas Ulipristal hinders the normal functioning of this hormone. Birth control pills are an effective and beneficial method of birth control. Each type of pill has its own benefits, which are explained below: Benefits of combined contraceptive pills • The combined pill is 99% effective for contraception when used correctly. • The oral route is a non-painful method of administration as opposed to the intravenous route or IUDs. • It is a reversible method of contraception, with the effects of the pill lasting only for the duration you take the pill. It does not affect your fertility and you can get pregnant as and when you stop taking the pill. This duration is a bit longer for IUDs. • Pills can be easily taken at home and do not require frequent clinic visits. • Taking pills also regularises the menstrual cycle as your periods naturally occur during the 7 days you do not take the pill or take an inactive one. • Pills do not interfere with your sexual activity like the use of barrier contraceptive devices. • Taking pills may help to correct menstruation-related disorders, thereby reducing the risk of fibroidsovarian cysts and PCOS. • Some studies even suggest its possible role in protecting against certain types of cancers and reducing acne. Benefits of mini pill Benefits are the same as the combined pill. In India, this is specifically used for new moms who are breastfeeding as they cannot be given estrogen. Benefits of emergency contraceptive pills • It is the only method which caters to provide immediate birth control and saves you from unwanted pregnancy after having unprotected sex. • It does not affect the functioning of other contraceptive pills you may be taking. • It comes in handy in case of barrier contraceptive device failure like condoms. • It does not cause abortion or affect your fertility or sexual activity. If taken properly with the advice of a doctor, there are no serious side effects of birth control pills. But there are some possible side effects that you should be aware of: Side effects of combined contraceptive pills • Temporary side effects seen after the initial days of therapy include headachenausea, breast tenderness and mood swings. • Bleeding between periods and spotting are some of the common side effects during the initial months. • Prolonged use of contraceptive pills increases the risk of serious side effects including the risk of breast cancer and thrombosis. • Taking birth control pills can also lead to elevated blood pressure. (Read more: high blood pressure treatment) • Lastly, birth control pills fail to provide any protection against STDs and you still need to use barrier devices like condoms, if you happen to have multiple sexual partners. Side effects of mini pill Side effects of the mini pill are the same as those of the combined contraceptive pill but some women may experience more severe menstrual changes with the use of the mini pill. Spotting throughout the month or occasional absence of monthly periods are some of the side effects noted in addition to those described above. Side effects of emergency contraceptive pills The emergency pill has no serious side effects, but the following may be noted with its use: • Headache • Stomach pain • The feeling of being sick • Disturbance in the next menstrual cycle. Your periods can be lighter or heavier or you may experience more pain or discomfort than the usual. (Read more: Period pain treatment) In rare cases, the use of an emergency contraceptive pill can cause an ectopic pregnancy. The action of emergency pill is effective only for short-term use. if you have unprotected sexual intercourse a few days after taking the pill, it would be rendered ineffective and you’d still get pregnant. So, it is important that you switch to your normal method of contraception even after its use. If you feel too sick after taking the pill, it is important that you talk to your physician as this could point towards a serious side effect. Severe pain in the lower abdomen could be indicative of ectopic pregnancy. Dr. Vrinda Khemani Dr. Vrinda Khemani Obstetrics & Gynaecology 6 Years of Experience Dr Megha Apsingekar Dr Megha Apsingekar Obstetrics & Gynaecology 4 Years of Experience Dr. Dyuti Navadia Dr. Dyuti Navadia Obstetrics & Gynaecology 1 Years of Experience Dr. Sheetal Aggarwal Dr. Sheetal Aggarwal Obstetrics & Gynaecology 15 Years of Experience और पढ़ें ... Related Articles
What Does Leptin Do? Leptin is a cell-signalling hormone vital in the regulation of appetite, food intake and body weight. Studies have shown that an absence of leptin in the body or leptin resistance can lead to uncontrolled feeding and weight gain. Mechanisms and actions of leptin Leptin acts as a hormone that modulates the size of the adipose tissues in the body. It regulates food intake and body weight. Leptin also acts on specific receptors in the hypothalamus to inhibit appetite through both counteractive and stimulatory mechanisms: • Leptin counteracts the effects of a feeding stimulant released in the gut called neuropeptide Y as well as the effects of a cannabinoid neurotransmitter called adandamide which stimulates appetite. • Leptin also promotes the synthesis of an appetite suppressant called α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone When fat mass decreases, the level of plasma leptin falls so that appetite is stimulated until the fat mass is recovered. There is also a decrease in body temperature and energy expenditure is suppressed. By contrast, when fat mass increases, so do leptin levels and appetite is suppressed until weight loss occurs. In this way leptin regulates energy intake and fat stores so that weight is maintained within a relatively narrow range. Leptin also plays an important role in regulating and modulating the onset of puberty. For example undernourished and thin women take longer to reach puberty than heavier girls. Thin girls often fail to ovulate or release an egg from an ovary during menstruation cycles. Reproductive growth and fat stores are therefore vital in the regulation of reproduction. Researchers know that leptin plays a role at least to some degree in the onset of puberty as individuals with an absence of leptin or a lack of response to leptin do not experience puberty, with their bodies remaining pre-pubescent for life. Further Reading Last Updated: Feb 26, 2019 Dr. Ananya Mandal Written by Dr. Ananya Mandal • APA Mandal, Ananya. (2019, February 26). What Does Leptin Do?. News-Medical. Retrieved on October 21, 2021 from https://www.news-medical.net/health/What-Does-Leptin-Do.aspx. • MLA Mandal, Ananya. "What Does Leptin Do?". News-Medical. 21 October 2021. <https://www.news-medical.net/health/What-Does-Leptin-Do.aspx>. • Chicago Mandal, Ananya. "What Does Leptin Do?". News-Medical. https://www.news-medical.net/health/What-Does-Leptin-Do.aspx. (accessed October 21, 2021). • Harvard Mandal, Ananya. 2019. What Does Leptin Do?. News-Medical, viewed 21 October 2021, https://www.news-medical.net/health/What-Does-Leptin-Do.aspx. 1. Catherine Jackson Catherine Jackson United States says: I think I've read as much as I can read about Leptin & the role it plays in controlling weight. I'm hoping you can answer a few questions. I am a 58 year old post menopausal female who was a size 4-6 my entire life until I started menopause at 45, post menopausal at 50. I am now at least 50 lbs overweight. I rarely have an appetite, & I usually eat one small meal a day. I bet I don't even eat 1,000 calories a day. I rarely eat sugar, I drink at least one cup of green tea a day, straight up, no sweetener. I confess I do not exercise, but I'm definitely immobile. Most of my weight is Belly Fat. I cannot understand why I can't lose weight, especially after reading, once again, the Leptin Hormone & it's purpose. Some days I don't eat at all. I have also read in my research that NOT eating causes you to gain weight as well. Do you have any information to offer on my situation? I enjoyed reading your papers about Leptin, as I first researched it about 3 years ago. Thanks, Cat • KeyonEats KeyonEats Canada says: If you want to lose weight as an older women Keto is a great option, but in general, if you starve yourself (only eating 1000 calories a day) your thyroid slows down because you condition your body to think there isn't enough food around. Instead, try eating at your maintenance calories than fasting for 24-48 hours 1-2 times a week. Garunteed you will lose weight 2. Catherine Jackson Catherine Jackson United States says: I'm definitely NOT immobile. So sorry about that mistake. Cat
Blue Whale the biggest animal on the earth Blue Whale Blue Whale the biggest animal of the world Blue Whale IUCN red list classification as endangered Scientific Name: Balaenoptera musculus English name: Blue Whale Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Cetartiodactyla Family: Balaenopteridae Link to Red List page: Blue whale red list Open oceans and along the coasts but not so close The blue whale can be 33 Mt length and 180 tons but normally is less than 30 mt and around 130/140 tons Where to find: is distributed all over the oceans divided into more subspecies. Is difficult to know easily the dimensions the populations because are fragmented. Blue whaleLifestyle: The blue whale is the biggest animal ever on the earth. Some studies show that even the saurian was not big like her. The communications are by songs, and it is fascinating to listen to these songs. Even if we can’t list all the sounds because someone is below the limit of human fill. Her mastodontic dimensions make her eat up 4 tons of krill per day. When is breathing emit a spout, this spout can 12 mt high. The lifespan of this animal is around 80 years. Impressive numbers even for the calves. They born after almost one year of gestation and they are 7 Mt length with a weight of 2.5 tons. He needs between 400 to 600 liters of milk per day. But is not enough, the blue whale is the loudest animal on the earth. The scientist has estimated that her sound level measured at one meter of distance is between 155 to 188 decibel. Major risk: Blue whale doesn’t have a natural enemy, just the killer whale can be a danger. But the attacks are not a custom. As usual, there is the human interaction. And the noise by the seals is creating a problem in the whale communications. The biggest issue has been the ruthless hunting, up to 1970 the blue whale killed was 380.000. The hunting has been forbidden in 1960 everywhere but there is evidence that was under hunters attention up to 1970. So now the population is below the 1% of the original dimension. The species is considered Endangered and the actual population is between 5000 and 12.000 specimens. The good news is that the number is increasing but we are very far from the safe level.
Peel Appeal You may be surprised to know that unpeeled fruits and vegetables may have up to 33% extra fiber than their peeled counterparts. Fruits and vegetables are an important component of a well-balanced diet and provide the much needed fiber and roughage. We all know that this fiber from fresh produce helps in smooth bowel movement, regulates blood sugar levels, aids is assimilation and absorption of vital nutrients & acts as a prebiotic (food for the friendly gut bacteria). But what is usually discarded is the humble peel that covers the fruit/ vegetable and protects it, till it reaches us intact. You may be surprised to know that unpeeled fruits and vegetables may have upto 33% extra fiber than their peeled counterparts. And the bioflavonoids and antioxidants may be upto 328 times higher than those found in the flesh. Remember when we talk of dark and brightly coloured fresh produce as a rich source of antioxidants, the colour we see and talk about is usually of the peel. Veggies like eggplant and zucchini are more than 90% water, so most of the fiber, flavonoids, minerals and nutrients are more concentrated in the skin. A common example is grapes. Mangiferin, the magical anti-diabetic natural polyphenol is found just under the mango peel. No wonder, the holistic way of eating mango by licking it off the peel/eating with hands has it’s own reward. Peels of citrus fruits like oranges, nectarines and lemons are a flavor bomb in themselves. Add these zests to enliven the flavor of any dessert. Apart from the flavor, citrus peels are a rich source of Vit C and a compound, D-limonene, the magical compound that can help dissolve cholesterol, fight cancer, regulate blood sugar, helps neutralize stomach acid and even supports normal bowel movement. Isn’t that a lot of goodness in the humble peel ? South Indian culinary habits are famous for minimal wastage of fresh produce. Most households use vegetable peels from ridge gourd, pumpkin, carrot peels etc. mixed with sesame seeds, nuts, green leafy veggies to make chutneys, known as pachadi in local language. Most of the fruits like apricot, peach, plum, apple, grapes have edible peels. Veggies like eggplant, squash, beetroot, bell peppers, parsnips, turnips, carrots, cucumbers, sweet potato, potato have edible skins. Avoid eating potato with green patches on the skin. However, some peels may be difficult to digest. Foods like lychee, melons, pineapple, papaya, mango, banana. Such peels can be used as fodder for cattle or put in compost. Avocados, onions and garlic should always be peeled. The avocado specially, just like mango should be peeled very thinly. The flesh just beneath the skin is loaded with Vit B 12, Vit E, beta carotene. For hard skinned fruits and vegetables, one should wash and scrub to help remove the pesticide residue. You can remove a whopping 41% of pesticide residue merely by washing your fresh produce in tap water for 2 minutes. Thereafter you can soak them in baking soda solution for 2 minutes. Add 1 teaspoon of baking soda to 2-3 cups of water. Avoid buying fruits and vegetables that have been waxed to extend their shelf life. Common examples are apples, cucumbers, brinjals, bell peppers, pumpkins, tomatoes, and sweet potato. Fruits like berries, grapes and plums naturally make their own wax which can be rinsed off easily in water. What makes farmers’ markets so popular among health aficionados is the organic and unwaxed produce. So, next time you peel your vegetables, make sure you use them to add more nutrition to your food instead of feeding the bin. Tags assigned to this article: peeled fruits and vegetables Mansi Chaudhary Around The World Hemp-based Nutrition Supplements - Everything You Need To Know India's Fitness Industry Is Booming, But So Are Counterfeit Health Supplements Superfood For Winter Health Experts Suggest Tips To Deal With Depression How Beauty & Wellness Sector Emerge As A Thriving Sector In India Employee Mental Wellness Amidst Hybrid Work Environment Quick Connect With BW Wellness Subscribe Our Newsletter
Ferrous vs Non-Ferrous Metal Ferrous vs Non-Ferrous Metal Ferrous and non-ferrous metals are two different types of metals. This categorization is based on the iron content. In case the metal contains iron, it is known as a ferrous metal, otherwise as non-ferrous... Most Searched in Computers and Internets Most Searched in Education and References Most Searched in Entertainment and Music Top 10 Most Searched Differences BBM vs WhatsApp HTC Windows 8X vs Sony Xperia ZL Director vs MD vs CEO Flying vs Floating
Scientific Portal of Expressions, Body Language and Nonverbal Communication# Search for Just by looking at Hands and Eyes Recently, I got an opportunity to watch an episode of the TV program "One Man Army" on Discovery Channel. Four participants from four different divisions of security forces were participating in the competition. There were three different rounds; first two were elimination rounds. In final round, only two participants competed for $10,000 prize and the title. It was one of its kind of TV program that I was watching first time in my life. There were four men representing their divisions, including US Delta Force, US Green Beret, US Navy Seals and US Army Rangers. Some of them were retired personals. Rigorous and very special training made them the kind of specialists that any nation could rely on for safety and security. The participant who won the competition was from one of the most elite security troops on the earth. Special Forces are the game-changers in modern warfare. He shared a very crucial yet simplest clue they look for any offensive move in the super-critical operational conditions. For the special force operatives, every moment and movement is crucial for their survival. A tiniest movement can differentiate between intention of attack or retreat. Just by looking at hands and eyes, they have to determine whether the person is an attacker or an innocent, just within fractions of a second. If a person is carrying or holding a weapon is planning to attack, its eyes and (both) hands give away hostile intentions. The person's entire (upper) body starts facing the target. The person's eyes measure the distance between the weapon and the target. Also, they monitor movements, position and size of the target. The person's fingers are kept on the trigger for shooting rounds. Even if the person isn't aiming, fidgeting with weapon is enough. Eyes and Hands always work together, during offense and defense. Without indiscriminate firing or sharpshooting from a safe distance, special force operatives are responsible in pacifying hostiles, saving civilians or rescuing hostages through armed combats with minimum or no causalities. They have to keep their senses sharp to collect a wide variety of nonverbal clues from all of potential attackers and hostile entities in their proximity, which can be both stationary and moving. Only technological sophistication doesn't ensure the victories in battles and wars. Success of every special operation entirely depends upon accurately gathered intelligence, extremely high vigilance, extreme coordination and timely actions only. Especially, close distance armed combats pushes any individual on the edge of survivability that needs sharp senses, snap judgements and quick actions. Strong movement coordination and silent communication takes place among special force operatives through symbolic hand gestures, eye signals and facial emblems inside the operational area. More they could remain covert, lesser opportunities attackers get to harm them. Element of surprise is the secret of success during the special operations and guerilla warfare. Minimum causalities and maximum surrenders Just by looking at hands and eyes of any individual, determining hostile intentions, aggression and preparedness of the same is quite easy. That's the very reason why hostile individuals and groups are asked to surrender themselves by dropping their weapons and hold their open palms behind their heads or high up. It is practiced globally during armed conflicts. If a person isn't carrying any weapon, tool or arm, the person's entire body unconsciously prepares itself to attack, hit and harm the other person. Both legs placed apart, raised shoulders, flexed arms, clenched feasts, tightened jaws, glaring eyes, flared nostrils, protruded chin and furrowed eyebrows give away the hostile intentions. Related Articles: No comments: Post a Comment Please post your valuable comment here.
Everything You Need to learn About E-Cigs vaping health risks Everything You Need to learn About E-Cigs We’ve heard a lot concerning the possible health threats of e-cigarette use, particularly among teenagers. E-Cigarettes are also called vaporizers, due to their appearance plus Element Vape Discount Code some of the components they use to produce their nicotine liquid. They appear to be real cigarettes, but the ingredients and internal design are different. Also, there is absolutely no smoke produced with these devices. The vapor from the unit also contains nicotine and other chemicals. Long-term smoking of any product containing nicotine can cause the lungs to become overworked and damaged. This is just what happens when e-cigarette users breathe the smoke produced from the products. Nicotine may weaken the lining of the respiratory system. Through the use of these products on a regular basis, long-term lung damage is likely. These vapors also contain small particles of metal, such as cadmium. These can transfer into the blood stream and raise the risk of developing a number of diseases, including cancer. E-cigs also contain lead, another element that’s known to increase the risk of developing heart disease. Long-term cigarette smoking increases the threat of developing heart disease and other diseases. It is because nicotine is a stimulant, also it stimulates the heart to work harder. One of the primary dangers of e-cigs comes from their effect on brain development. Children who smoke while growing up suffer from a variety of problems, including an increased potential for developing depression and anxiety. Those who utilize them frequently may face much more serious brain development problems. According to a report, long-term smokers have a higher possibility of having undamaged brains. These smokers’ brains show fewer signs of brain growth than do those of non-smokers. The second biggest problem associated with e-cigs are the short-term unwanted effects of inhaling them. The chemicals that are present can affect the respiratory system and digestive system. Long-term smoking can cause several illnesses, including chronic bronchitis, emphysema, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, heart disease, and stroke. A lot of the same symptoms should be expected of these who vaporize their bladders. These include difficulty in urination, painful urination, coughing, chest pain, dizziness, and problems with digestion and absorption of nutrients. E-liquid could also contain small particles that can irritate the lining of the lungs or cause inflammation of the airways. This can result to wheezing or difficulty in breathing when the vaper is puffing away. If the lungs are irritated by the e-liquid particles, it might trigger a mild cough and wheezing, especially during times when the vaper is puffing away. It is best for a user to help keep their breath humid during vaping to reduce these unwanted effects. Lastly, there are various cardiovascular diseases that may develop as the result of long-term smoking. The worst risk that is associated with this can be a development of blood clots that can block the arteries of the heart. The buildup of these clots can cause a heart attack or stroke. In extreme cases, prolonged nicotine use can even result in the development of lungs cancer. It has also been speculated that the intake of e-juices can contribute to the onset of asthma attacks. Most people who suffer from asthma can attest they get attacks when they utilize the inhaler. But interestingly, some individuals who have never suffered from asthma before develop the condition after using e-liquids. The reason behind this discrepancy is not fully understood. However, most industry experts agree that using vaporizers is really a far better choice than inhalers given that they usually do not produce any detrimental unwanted effects. But like all other products in the market, additionally, there are e-cigarette health risks to be skeptical of. One of the worst ailments that may be caused by regular and prolonged use of e-liquids is lung cancer. The issue with this type of cancer is that it is difficult to detect. Most victims of this disease are unaware that they have it as the symptoms often resemble those of other illnesses such as bronchitis or emphysema. Nowadays, it is possible to hardly find anyone who does not think that electric cigarettes offer a great option to traditional cigarettes. It’s obvious why they will have become so popular over the past few years. But exactly like all new things, you can find definite e-cigarette health risks to consider. If you think that you might be at risk, it is best that you choose quality vaporizer so that you could minimize these risks.
Massive amounts of radioactive waste brought to the surface by oil and gas wells have overwhelmed the industry and the state and federal agencies that regulate it, according to a report released today by the prominent environmental group Natural Resources Defense Council. The waste poses “significant health threats,” including the increased risk of cancer to oil and gas workers and their families and also nearby communities. “We know that the waste has radioactive elements, we know that it can have very high and dangerous levels, we know that some of the waste gets into the environment, and we know that people who live or work near various oil and gas sites are exposed to the waste. What we don’t know are the full extent of the health impacts,” says Amy Mall, an analyst with NRDC who has been researching oilfield waste for 15 years and is a co-author on the report. Read More… Photo Credit: David Zalubowski/AP
Written by Alina Petre, MS, RD (NL) on September 15, 2020 — medically reviewed by Miho Hatanaka, RDN, L.D. You are watching: Which of the following is not typically a nutrient of concern for vegans? Plant-based resources of protein are often deemed inferior to animal-based ones, as the former is stated to save on computer “incomplete” proteins. This causes many to fear they might be gaining the wrong kind or quantity of protein when following a vegetarian or vegetables diet. However, there are many reasons why this id should be considered much more of a myth than a reality. This short article discusses the difference between “complete” and also “incomplete” proteins, and why vegetarians and vegans have small reason to fear getting too tiny of the former and too much of the latter. Share on Pinterest Protein is consisted of of building blocks dubbed amino acids. Although numerous amino acids exist in nature, just 20 are needed to make every one of the protein discovered in your body. These can be split into three key categories (1): Non-essential amino acids. This group includes the remaining 11 amino acids, which her body can generally make from the 9 crucial amino acids. Conditionally crucial amino acids. this amino mountain are generally considered non-essential but end up being essential during adolescence, pregnancy, or under details conditions, such together trauma or illness. Foods the contain an excellent amounts of all nine vital amino acids are generally thought about sources of “complete” protein, conversely, those that don’t room labeled together “incomplete” protein. Protein is made from amino acids, which have the right to be categorized together essential, non-essential, or conditionally essential. Protein-rich foodstuffs are commonly categorized as “complete” or “incomplete” based upon the lot of vital amino acids they contain. Contrary to famous belief, most foods items — both animal- and plant-based people — contain every nine crucial amino acids. The distinction lies in the amounts of castle they offer. For instance, meat, fish, eggs, and dairy save high levels of all nine necessary amino acids. On the various other hand, plants have tendency to save on computer low amounts of at the very least one or two crucial amino acids, relying on the classification to which lock belong. For example, legumes and veggies often tend to be low in methionine and also cysteine, when grains, nuts, and also seeds have tendency to be low in lysine (2). In helpful terms, this means that following a diet giving too tiny of one of two people food team may reason you to gain insufficient quantities of crucial amino acids. This is why animal-based foods are generally considered “complete” resources of protein, while most plant-based foodstuffs are considered “incomplete.” The exceptions are soy, quinoa, amaranth, buckwheat, and also nutritional yeast, and also hemp and chia seeds. This plant foods items offer an excellent amounts of every nine necessary amino acids and are thought about “complete” resources of plant protein. With a couple of exceptions, many plant-based foodstuffs are generally viewed together “incomplete” resources of protein. In contrast, animal-based foods are taken into consideration “complete” proteins. Many people believe that because of vegetarian and also vegan diets’ low contents of animal-based protein, they often lack sufficient quantities of “complete” protein. However, apart from a few exceptions, this is really seldom the reality. Currently, there’s no proof of protein deficiency amongst vegetarians or vegans, except perhaps in the small percentage who eat too few calories or monitor monotonous or limited eating patterns, such as fruitarian or potato-based diets (3). Nonetheless, the protein found in plants have the right to be contempt more an overwhelming for your body to absorb, contrasted with the protein in meat and also other animal-based foods. This is why vegetarians and also vegans space sometimes motivated to eat slightly an ext protein 보다 meat eaters — the is, roughly 0.5 grams per lb (1 gram per kg) every day (4). That said, the current evidence suggests that this difference in absorption is most likely too minimal to cause vegetarians or vegans to get insufficient amounts of important amino acids from their diet (3). In short, as lengthy as a plant-based diet continues to be rich enough in calories and also offers a good variety the protein sources, there’s tiny reason to worry around getting too little “complete” protein on a vegetarian or vegetable diet. Vegetarians and also vegans should have little difficulty getting enough “complete” protein from your diet — that is, as lengthy as it stays varied and rich sufficient in calories. Protein-rich foods items that contain an excellent amounts of every nine important amino mountain are typically considered “complete” sources of protein, while those the don’t space labeled as “incomplete” sources. This causes most plant foods items to be regarded as “incomplete” proteins, perpetuating the myth the plant-based diets may not sell the ideal amount or type of protein. That said, as long as a plant-based diet has a great variety the food groups and enough calories, there’s tiny reason for vegetarians or vegans come worry about “complete” or “incomplete” proteins. Note the this applies to healthy individuals of average weight. However, nutrient needs may vary depending on your task level, body weight, and health status. If you’re losing weight or lack energy, above a medical skilled or registered dietitian. See more: ¿ Cuanto Es Un Litro En Onzas Us, 1 Litro En Onzas Written by Alina Petre, MS, RD (NL) ~ above September 15, 2020 — medically reviewed by Miho Hatanaka, RDN, L.D.
Skip to Content How Coffee Machines Work: An In-Depth Look The coffee machine is one of the most popular appliances to have in homes today. So many people drink coffee but don’t have the time to devote to more complex ways of brewing. Thankfully, coffee machines do all the heavy lifting for us so that getting a cup of coffee is as simple as pressing a button. Most coffee machines work with the same basic process to move water through coffee grounds and into your cup. There are some differences depending on the kind of coffee machine you have on your countertop. We’re going to take a look at how three different kinds of coffee machines work: 1. Drip Coffee Machines 2. Espresso Machines 3. Keurig Coffee Machines By the time you finish reading the information below, you will have a good understanding of the inner workings of your favorite little appliance. Take a look to learn more about how coffee machines go about making your much needed coffee every morning. Drip Coffee Machines Drip Coffee Machine with bag of coffee beans If you have a coffee machine in your home, it’s probably a drip coffee machine. This kind of coffee machine runs water through the coffee before pouring the resulting brew into your cup. It’s a relatively simple appliance that takes all the trouble out of making coffee. Components of a Drip Coffee Machine A drip coffee machine is separated into two sections– the top and the bottom. If you were to take your coffee machine apart, you would probably find similar pieces to just about any other coffee machine of its type. In the top you can find: • The Reservoir • The Hot-Water Tube • The Faucet • The Drip Area The reservoir is the biggest component of a coffee machine. It is what holds the water you pour into your machine so that it can be transferred into the coffee. Reservoirs on coffee machines can vary by size. Some can hold more water than others but all of them are a simple bucket for holding water. The hot-water tube is an insulated tube that runs from the bottom of the machine up to the faucet at the top. This tube is usually white and functions as a way to transfer the water from one place to another. The faucet is basically a small showerhead over the coffee grounds that is used to spray the water carried through the hot water tube over the coffee. It ensures that all of the coffee grounds are saturated so that you get the quality cup of coffee you’re looking for. The drip area separates the faucet from the coffee. It is a small piece of plastic with holes in it that controls the rate of the water falling onto the coffee grounds below. In the bottom you can find: • The Cold-Water Tube • The Hot-Water Tube • The Heating Element • The One-Way Valve • The Power Cord Connection The cold-water tube connects on one side to a hole at the bottom of the reservoir and on the other side to the tube within the heating element. It receives the cold water that you pour into the coffee machine and passes it along to get heated up. The hot-water tube connects on one side to the tube within the heating element and on the other side to the hot-water tube that runs up through the machine to the faucet. It takes the water after it has been heated and sends it up to be sprayed over the coffee grounds. The heating element is made up of two parts– a resistive heating element and a tube to carry the water. It is made from aluminum and is used to actually heat the water. It connects the cold-water tube to the hot-water tube and does all the work in between. The one-way valve is either in the hole of the reservoir or in the tube of the heating element. It ensures that the water flowing through your coffee machine keeps moving in the right direction. The power cord is simply what you plug into the wall to give the machine power. It’s the energy for all of this to work. You wouldn’t have any coffee without it. How the Heating Element Works The heating element in your coffee machine is a very important component. It serves two very important functions in the coffee-making process. It heats up the water before it is sprayed over the coffee grounds and it keeps your coffee warm after it’s made. The resistive heating element is simply a coiled wire that heats up when it is supplied with electricity. It is usually embedded in plaster so that it will last much longer. The resistive heating element is placed between the metal warming plate that sits beneath your coffee pot and the aluminum water tube. The aluminum water tube is how the water passes through the heating element. It is connected on either end to the cold-water and hot-water tubes and passes the water along beneath the resistive heating element so that it gets nice and hot. Between the resistive heat element and the warming plate is a white grease that is used to help distribute the heat throughout the plate to keep your coffee warm. This grease is not easy to clean up, so be careful if you ever come in contact with it! Controlling the heating element is done first and foremost by the power switch. When you turn the coffee machine on, it begins to supply electricity to the heating element so that it can get hot. There are also sensors that detect when your coffee machine is getting too hot and respond accordingly. They can shut off the heating element and then turn it back on when it has cooled down. The sensors continue this cycle to keep the heating element at just the right temperature. The Coffee Making Process Drip Coffee Machine open with filter Making coffee with a drip coffee maker is pretty easy from your perspective. All you have to do is fill up the reservoir, scoop in the right amount of coffee, put the pot in place, and wait. While you’re waiting, the coffee machine is working on getting everything ready for you. Here’s a look at the journey from water to coffee through your machine: 1. It all starts in the reservoir. You pour your cold, filtered water in and close it up to let it do its business. 2. The water moves through the hole in the bottom of the reservoir into the cold-water tube underneath. 3. The cold-water tube passes the water through the one-way valve into the aluminum tube beneath the resistive heating element. The water will move part of the way up the hot-water tube within the machine. 4. When you turn the coffee machine on the heating element starts to get hot. After a few minutes, the water contained in the aluminum tube will start to boil. 5. The boiling water creates bubbles that are big enough to push the hot water through the hot-water tube all the way up through the coffee machine to the faucet. 6. The faucet sprays the hot water so that it can even drip over the coffee grounds. 7. The hot water saturates the coffee grounds and carries their flavors with it down into your waiting coffee pot. Fixing a Clogged Coffee Machine If your coffee machine is not functioning the way it should, then it’s probably clogged. Here are a few simple steps you can take to unclog it so you can enjoy your coffee. Clean out your coffee machine. You can add a cup of vinegar to a reservoir full of water and run your coffee machine as normal. Once all of the water has gone through the machine discard the rinse water. Run a reservoir full of clean water through your coffee machine a couple of times to get rid of the vinegar completely. Make sure the drain hole isn’t clogged. The hole at the bottom of the reservoir is how the water gets through the machine. If it’s stopped up you should unclog it using a small wire or toothpick to let the water flow through again. Check the water spout. Make sure the spout where the coffee comes out is completely clean and not being blocked by anything. Clean out the valve. You will have to remove the base of the coffee machine to get to the valve. Make sure your coffee machine is unplugged before cleaning the valve with warm water and detergent. This should remove any mineral deposits blocking it. Regularly clean your coffee machine. Keeping the machine clean will prevent clogging and keep your coffee tasting fresh and clean every single morning. Espresso Machines Instead of regular hot brewed coffee, some people enjoy a nice strong shot of espresso to start the morning with more of a punch. Espresso machines are handy little things that use pressure to get as much caffeine into a small portion of coffee as possible. They also have their own unique way of making coffee. Components of an Espresso Machine Espresso machines are typically all made up of the same essential parts to get you from water to a highly caffeinated shot of coffee. There are variations that range from extremely simple to exceedingly complex but for the machine you have on your counter; you will probably find some configuration of these components. Parts of an Espresso Machine: • The Reservoir • The Pump • The Heating Chamber • The Steam Wand • The Grouphead • The Porta-Filter The reservoir is where you put your water so that it can be stored until it’s time to make coffee. Any espresso machine that is used to make a couple of espresso shots at a time will have a reservoir attached. Larger machines that are used for commercial purposes are more likely to be hooked up to a water source that supplies a steady stream of water at all times. The pump is the part of an espresso machine that applies the pressure necessary to push the water through the coffee. It takes 9 bars of pressure to achieve this and that’s where the pump comes in. Espresso machines will have one of two kinds of pumps in them. • A vibratory pump uses a magnet, piston, and metal coil to apply pressure. When electricity is supplied the piston moves at about 60 pushes per second to push the water through the machine. Vibratory pumps are less expensive and easier to replace. • A rotary pump is made up of a small motor that spins a sectioned disk. As the disk spins, it presses against the outer wall of the chamber it is set in, creating the needed pressure. Water comes in at the large section of the chamber and is pushed out as it reaches the smallest part. Rotary pumps are quieter and usually last longer. The heating chamber is a metal container that holds the water while it is being brought to a boil. The heating element within the chamber is similar to the one in a drip coffee maker. It is made up of a resistive heating element embedded in plaster at the bottom of the heating chamber. This heating element is a coiled wire that gets hot when electricity is applied. Most espresso machines contain a simple heating element that works on an internal thermostat. It keeps the heating element from becoming too hot but gives you no control over it. More advanced espresso machines might employ some kind of outward heating control that allows you to set the temperature yourself. The steam wand is used in those instances when drinks such as lattes are desired to mix your espresso in. Its function is to steam and froth milk for these kinds of drinks. It is connected to the heating chamber. When a valve is turned, steam from the heating chamber is released through the steam wand into the milk, making it warm and frothy. The group head is the mechanism in the espresso machine that carries the water from the heating chamber through the porta-filter and into your cup. This is probably behind the panel of the machine where the buttons are located. The portafilter is a metal filter with a handle and is where the coffee grounds are placed. Finely ground coffee is put in the basket and pressed down with a tamp to compress them firmly. The portafilter is put into the machine under the group head and locked in so that it’s ready to go. The Coffee Making Process Espresso machines are a fast and easy way to get an intense concentration of caffeine in only a couple of ounces of coffee. Once the water is heated up you will only be waiting for about 30 seconds before your shot is ready to go. Here’s how you get from water to espresso: 1. You fill the reservoir with water and turn the machine on. 2. The machine starts to heat the water in the heating chamber and lets you know when it’s at the perfect temperature. 3. You take the portafilter out of the machine and fill it with the appropriate amount of finely ground coffee. After tamping it down you lock the portafilter back into the machine. 4. With your coffee ready to go, you put a small cup under the spout to catch the espresso when it’s done. 5. Turning the machine to the espresso setting will engage the switch within it that tells the machine it’s time to go. 6. The pump will activate and begin to pressurize the water inside the heating chamber until it reaches about 220 psi of pressure. 7. All of that pressure forces the water out of the heating element through the coffee grounds in the portafilter and out of the spout into your cup. If you want to heat some milk to add to your espresso you will have to follow a few more steps: 1. Fill a cup with the amount of milk you need and put it under the steam wand, submerging it in the milk. 2. When you switch your espresso machine to steam it will activate a valve in the heating chamber which releases the steam from the boiling water through the wand and into the milk. 3. If you hold the steam wand near the surface of the milk it will make it frothy. Common Problems with Espresso Machines No Espresso Comes Out No Water Flow to the Pump Check that the reservoir is filled with water. Check that your water supply is functioning properly. Check there is not too much coffee in the portafilter and that the coffee is not packed in too tightly. If your pump is clogged, run through a descaling process to clear any mineral deposits. Check that there is no coffee built up on the screen of the group head. Espresso Comes out too Fast Coffee is too Coarse Not Enough Coffee Use coffee grounds that are fresh and finely ground. Make sure there are enough grounds in the filter and that they are tightly tamped. Espresso Comes Out too Slow Pump Isn’t Working Properly Too Much Coffee Check to ensure the pump is producing pressure and is getting enough water flow. Make sure not to tamp the grounds too tightly, overfill the portafilter, or that the coffee is too finely ground. Pump is Making a Loud Noise Not Enough Water Flow Make sure your reservoir is filled with water. Coffee Grounds in Your Cup Damaged Filter Basket Bad Group Seals If your filter basket is dented it won’t stand up to pressure and needs to be replaced. Clean the group seals on your filter and replace them yearly to ensure no grounds get through. Keurig Coffee Machines Keurig Coffee Machine with a cup of coffee The Keurig is perhaps the most popular coffee machine currently on the market. It is a single-serve coffee maker that uses small pre-packaged containers of coffee to brew the perfect single cup. It uses methods of both a drip coffee machine and an espresso machine to go from water to coffee. Components of a Keurig As all things are in this day and age, a Keurig is a bit more technically complicated than a simple coffee machine. When you take a look at the inside of the machine it is a mess of wires and tubes that have no comprehensible meaning. The Parts of a Keurig Coffee Machine: • The Reservoir • The Pump • Heat Resistant Tubing • The Heating Element • 2 Needles The reservoir is the same as a reservoir in a drip coffee machine, except more advanced. Its basic purpose is to hold the water that will be turned into coffee. You fill it up with cold water that will be transferred through the machine and through the K-cup to your mug. Within the reservoir, there is a filter system and a water level sensor. The filter system sits at the bottom of the reservoir and helps prevent any sediments in the water from getting into the rest of the machine. The filter in this system should be changed regularly to keep it functioning properly. The water level sensor features a small magnetized disc that interacts with a sensor to ensure there is enough water in the reservoir for the Keurig to function without burning out. As long as the disc is floating there is enough water to go through the brewing process. If the sensor loses contact with the disc the machine will turn on the Add Water indicator light. The pump sits alongside the filter system and draws water from the reservoir into the base of the Keurig. The water is pushed by the pump through the heat resistant tubing in the Keurig to the heating element to be warmed up. The heating element is where the water is heated up for your coffee. It has a sophisticated system of heating water consistently regardless of how much water is in the reservoir. The water level sensor has the power to cut the electricity to the heating element in case there is not enough water. If there isn’t an appropriate amount of water then the heating coil could burn out. Two needles located within the brewing chamber of the Keurig are used to pierce the K-cup in order to let the water through the coffee grounds. When you lift the lid of the Keurig one needle is located on top of the chamber and one needle is on the bottom. The two holes these needles pierce in the K-cup allow the water through the filter and out again. Along with these components, there are a number of small computerized parts to a Keurig that regulate the electrical current and keep everything running smoothly within the machine. The Coffee Making Process Keurig Coffee Machines Reusable Pods Using a Keurig a pretty straight forward process. You don’t even have to measure out coffee to use one. All you have to do is pop a K-cup into the coffee machine and tell it to get to work. K-cups are made up of a small plastic cup, a foil lid, and a paper filter filled with your coffee grounds of choice. When you place a K-cup in the Keurig and close the lid, the needles pierce the lid and the bottom of the plastic cup to give the water a channel to flow through. Here’s how a Keurig coffee machine makes your coffee: 1. First, you turn the machine on and let it know to start heating up. 2. The heating element heats to the ideal temperature using sensors to ensure your water never gets too hot or cold. 3. After lifting the lid you place your K-cup in the brewing chamber and then press the handle down. You should hear a faint pop as the needles pierce the K-cup. 4. You can choose the number of ounces you want depending on how big your coffee mug is. 5. When you place your cup under the spout you press the button to tell the Keurig to make the coffee. 6. Water is pushed by the pump through pressurized tubes through the heating element so that by the time it reaches the coffee it is at the perfect temperature. 7. The hot water is pushed through the coffee grounds in the K-cup and out the bottom so that it goes through the spout and into your cup. Common Problems with Keurig Coffee Makers Not Working Mineral Deposits are Blocking Water Flow Air Bubbles Components Aren’t Seated Properly Make sure to use clean, filtered water that won’t leave undesired sediments behind in your machine. Descale your machine to clean out any build-up of minerals. Fill the reservoir and give it a gentle shake while the machine is unplugged to get rid of any air bubbles. Check to make sure all of the parts of your machine are put together correctly and seated in place. Not Dispensing Water Machine is Clogged Run a cup of water through the machine to clean it out. Ensure the needles and spout are clean and free of debris. Descale the water lines and needles to clean them off. Not Heating Up The Pump isn’t Working Properly Debris Accumulated Inside the Machine Try cleaning the reservoir to fix any ‘add water’ issues. Hold the brew button down for a few seconds to get the pump going. You may have to get the pump repaired or replaced. Give your machine a good cleaning to get rid of any dried coffee or other debris. Coffee Tastes Bad Mineral Deposits Have Built-Up in the Machine Descale your machine to clean out any build-up. Use clean, filtered water to prevent faster mineral build-up. Coffee Machines Make Getting Coffee Easy These handy machines are a god-send for many people. The first thing you might do every morning is to find your coffee machine to get a good cup of joe brewing. It just isn’t the same without that boost of caffeine. Even though it may be easy for you to make your coffee, your machine is doing a lot of clever work in order to take the water you provide it and turn it into a nice hot cup of coffee. Now that you know how they do it, you can have an even greater appreciation for them. More Coffee Articles
The Star-Spangled Banner Versions of The Star-Spangled Banner Francis Scott Key (lyrics) and John Stafford Smith (music) National anthem of the United States, by a Congressional resolution on March 3, 1931. It uses the words of the poem Defence of Fort McHenry by Francis Scott Key, and is sung to the tune, attributed to John Stafford Smith, of the popular English drinking song "To Anacreon in Heaven." Musical note nicu bucule 01.svg sound recordings available from media (category) Versions of The Star-Spangled Banner include: O! say can you see by the dawn's early light Francis Scott Key Fred Waring Defence of Fort M'Henry broadside.jpg Star-spangled banner.ogg
Guide To Using A Neti Pot Correctly A neti pot is a small teapot-shaped medical device used to wash mucus and other debris from an individual's sinuses and nasal cavities. The neti pot first originated in the ancient medical system of India commonly referred to as Ayurveda and is described as nasal irrigation. Western medicine adopted the use of the neti pot in the early 1900s. A neti pot is a non-invasive, medication-free, and inexpensive means of treating nasal symptoms in an affected individual. Neti pots are generally made out of materials such as ceramic, copper, stainless steel, or plastic. Most neti pots resemble the shape of a traditional teapot with a large, round body and long spout. Neti pots can be found in health food stores, online stores, and drug stores. Get all the facts on using neti pots now. Why They're Used Individuals may use a neti pot for many different benefits it can provide when they are affected by certain conditions or symptoms. When an individual inhales pollution, allergens, and other irritating materials, their production of mucus in their nasal channels and sinuses can increase. This increased production of mucus sets a favorable precedent for further congestion and the development of an infection. When an individual uses a neti pot to rinse these irritants from the nasal channels before these processes can occur, they effectively avoid the symptoms associated with common colds, sinus infections, and other illnesses. A neti pot can help clear a patient's nostrils if they are having trouble breathing, reduce snoring, ease sinus headaches, reduce the need for decongestants and antibiotics, relieve facial pain, ease sinus pressure, reduce nasal dryness, and relieve allergy symptoms. Neti pots are used the most by patients affected by chronic rhinosinusitis, repeated viral upper respiratory infections, and seasonal allergic rhinitis. Learn about how neti pots work next.
Dragonflies are not only the fastest flying insects but they also have 30,000 individual eye facets! With so many eye facets giving them a 360 degree view of the world, they can see you coming and see you going. There’s more than 5,000 known species of dragonflies and at times they are mistaken for damselflies. They tend to be characterized by their large multifaceted eyes, two pairs of strong transparent wings, and elongated body. The larval stage of large dragonflies may last as long as five years but for smaller ones, only between two months and three years. When ready to metamorphose into an adult it climbs up a reed or other emergent plant to fly off. But first it must shed its old larval skin. At a weak spot behind the head the skin splits and it’s wings are free. Not until exposure to air the larva starts breathing. Usually an animal will go through some sort of courting routine before they mate but for dragonflies time is of an essence! They don’t have forever to live and in their eyes there’s food that needs eating. The males will forcefully mate with the first female they come across. Yes, forcefully with the first. After the male has located the correct female species by her flight patterns, he will then approach from behind. He clamps his forearms around her neck and at times with a vicious bite to subdue her. Lastly he will signal his body for the matting process to begin. Dragonflies are found all over the world. The dragonfly is large predatory insect generally found around watery areas in both the North and South Hemispheres. Immature dragonflies resign in fresh waters. Dragonflies start their life in water and therefore are often found in ponds, lakes, canals, streams, rivers and swamps. Some dragonflies with a short larvae cycle of a few weeks can also live in rain puddles. Since they can fly so fast and so good, sometimes they tend to be found long ways away from water. Both the dragonfly and it’s larvae are carnivorous animals and they feed exclusively on other small animals. The main prey of the dragonfly are mosquitoes, flies, bees and other small invertebrates. The dragonfly larvae feeds mainly on aquatic insects and their eggs. During their waterborne life they hunt small insects and other larvae, especially mosquito larvae that are in the water with them. But the diet doesn’t stop there, some dragonfly nymphs will even eat tadpoles and guppies. Snagging their prey with powerful jaws and the same vicious tenacity that will dictate their lives as adults. With dragonflies bringing in close to 95 percent of the prey they set out to capture, they pretty much succeed every time. The dragonfly is preyed upon by a number of predators around the world including birds, fish and reptiles such as lizards. The dragonfly is also commonly eaten by amphibians such as toads, frogs and large newts. Cheetahs usually mistaking for leopards are best known for living in the grasslands of East Africa. Typically they live throughout Africa, the Middle East, and Southern Asia. Unlike like other big cats cheetahs don’t roar they purr. But like all other cats they do growl. We all know that a cheetah is the fastest of all times, but did you know a cheetah can accelerate from zero to 40mph in three strides and a full speed of 70mph? Most likely not but wow is that fast or what? No wonder why they’re so hard to out run. While lions and other large cats hunt at night, cheetahs hunt during the day. Their night vision is not so up to par with a lions so is quite common they do so. Since it depends on sight rather than smell, it likes to scan the countryside from a tree limb or the top of a termite mound. Most other cats are nocturnal predators but the cheetah is the total opposite. Hunting early mornings and late afternoons. Cheetahs are carnivores which means they eat meat. They tend to eat antelope, gazelles and other animals small and large. But their favorite catches are Thompson’s Gazelle which is a common resident of the east Africa. A pretty interesting trait of theirs is that they seek out animals which have strayed some distance from the group. They do not seek out the old or weak. Cheetahs will stalk their prey in tall grass areas where it’s easy for them to blend in and make a catch. Some of a cheetahs predators are hyenas and lions, although their principle predators are humans. Birds of prey such as large eagles, jackals and a few others will seek out cheetah cubs. Green Iguanas Green iguanas, one of my favorites! They are found naturally in the rain forests of northern Mexico, the Caribbean Islands, Central America, and southern Brazil. Green iguanas are entirely herbivorous and are mainly active during the day. They eat all types of rich greens, vegetables, and fruits. They collect water from rain as well from condensation on flowers and leaves but mainly from the foods they eat. Occasionally an iguana will eat insects but it’s mainly the young that will do so. Iguanas have many small teeth which allows them to rip and tear their food instead of chewing. One of the great features they have is a ton of spines on their back that helps protect from prey. Birds of prey such as hawks and eagles tend to eat iguanas as so as foxes. But it doesn’t stop there, marine iguanas are eaten by large fish such as sharks at times. Beluga Whales We all know that giraffes are the tallest land animals of all times. Giraffes can be found in within Central and South Africa. Primarily they live in the savanna areas in the sub-Saharan region of Africa. They are herbivores which means they don’t eat meat. Like how innocent is that? Just lovely. They eat twigs and leaves but their most favorite tree would be an acacia tree. Of course their long neck makes it easy to rich the finest leaves that neither you nor me could reach stretching high standing on our tippy toes. Even though they are very tall and can be quite dangerous when swinging their necks, lions still keep them in sight. Not many predators but a lion can compete with the challenge. However, baby giraffes have to stand clear of smaller predators like hyenas. Bengal Tigers Bengal tigers can be found in India and tend to be called Indian tigers. There are numerous different types of tigers and Bengal is one of the most common. Over centuries they’ve played a major role in Indian tradition. Bengal tigers are carnivore which means they eat meat. Its large sharp teeth make it perfect for eating and catching pray. They tend to eat monkeys, buffalo, deer, wild pigs, boars, and other large animals. They will travel for miles just to hunt. While hunting their distinctive coats works wonders for camouflage. I mean there’s no two tigers with the same exact stripes! Like how cool is that? Totally cool. No animal is even capable of hunting an adult Bengal tiger. Of course a few other wild animals can cause harm, but it would mainly be upon an cub. Out of a number of potential predators common ones like wolves would be expected of such.
Paddy Drying Rice is the staple food of about 140 million people of Bangladesh. It provides nearly 48% of rural employment, about two-third of total calorie supply and about one-half of the total protein intake of an average person in the country. Rice sector contributes one-half of the agricultural GDP and one-sixth of the national income in Bangladesh. Rice Production involves many stages such as Preparation of Field, Transplantation, Field Maintenance, Harvesting, Threshing, Winnowing and Milling. One of the ways is paddy drying and storage. Workers spend hours in the baking sun swishing rice with their feet so it dries evenly – forming intricate patterns as they walk. Scores of workers move across miles of rice fields, regularly turning the grains of rice so they dry evenly in the sunshine. When paddy is harvested it contains 20-30% moisture and this moisture can destroy a whole crop of grains along with damage by pests. So it’s important rice grain dries within 24 hours from being cut from the field. Firstly they boil the golden paddy for 10 to 15 minutes in the temperature of 40 to 50 degrees centigrade and then let it dry on the big ground but have to turn the paddy several times over a period of 3-4 days. After that, dried paddy is kept under giant hat-shaped bamboo cones. This is a traditional method of keeping freshly collected rice protected from rain and fog after it gets dried.
Overheating: The best way to protect yourself from sunstroke Overheating: Prolonged exposure to the sun can lead to sunstroke The current temperatures invite you to spend as much time as possible outdoors. But be careful: longer stays in the sun can easily lead to overheating. A sunstroke can also turn into a dangerous heat stroke. Experts explain how to prevent. The power of the sun is often underestimated In the current heat, most people stay outside in the garden, on the balcony or even on the beach. Unfortunately, the health risks from sun exposure are often underestimated. Those who stay in the sun for too long can get a sunstroke. Because this can also lead to a dangerous heat stroke, it is important to take suitable measures. Signs of sunstroke A badly reddened and heated head is a typical first sign of a sunstroke, the health insurance company DAK Gesundheit explains on its website. There are also headaches and usually nausea. A stiff neck can also indicate a sunstroke. In addition, some sufferers have to deal with restlessness, dizziness, ear pain or noise. In children, sunstroke often leads to increased temperature or fever. In most cases, the symptoms persist for several hours - experience has shown that babies and the elderly recover slowly from sunstroke. Important to know: The tricky thing is that the symptoms can only appear with a time delay, i.e. several hours after staying in the sun, explains the DAK Gesundheit. When the sun shines freely on the back of the head According to the health insurance, there is an increased risk of sunstroke if the sun shines freely on the back of the head. It is therefore risky to take a nap on your stomach in the midday sun, for example. A long hike, physical work outdoors or a drive in a convertible without headgear can also be dangerous. What affected people can do When symptoms of sunstroke occur, it means: get out of the sun immediately! As a first aid measure, the head and neck should be cooled with a damp cloth. The experts also advise you to rest - preferably with your upper body slightly elevated - and to drink enough water. It is not advisable to take an ice-cold bath or shower, as this would put a great strain on the circulation. If fever, an increased heart rate or impaired consciousness occur, an emergency doctor should be called immediately. These symptoms indicate a dangerous heat stroke, which must be treated immediately by a doctor. Avoid such a sunstroke According to the DAK Gesundheit, the following measures help to protect yourself from a sunstroke: • For longer stays in the sun always wear headgear - preferably a sun hat with a brim. • Avoid the midday sun completely. • Drink enough liquid - two to three liters of water or unsweetened tea a day. • Wear light, airy linen or cotton clothing. • Prefer light food - the body also produces heat when digesting hearty meals. • Avoid alcohol completely in the sun. • Always go to shade or cool rooms. The health insurance company has other tips that should be observed in order to enjoy your next vacation to the fullest. Since people with bald or light hair and small children are particularly at risk, they should avoid the blazing sun. Sunscreens do not protect against sunstroke because they do not block the long-wave heat rays that cause overheating. Even if exercise is healthy: no sweaty sport should be practiced in the blazing sun. Be careful when staying in the mountains: The sun is particularly intense in the mountains, while the ambient temperature is often perceived as cool - this increases the risk of sunstroke. And even a long stay on the beach poses special dangers, because if you go swimming and keep cooling your head again and again, you won't notice that you've long overheated. (ad) Author and source information • Sunstroke: How to prevent properly Video: How to Avoid Heat Exhaustion and Heat Stroke (October 2021).
What is the impact of PV deployment on residential community’s energy efficiency? Submitted By: Rawad El Kontar What tools did you use to create the graphic? • Grasshopper • Python • Rhino What kind of graphic is this? Primary Inputs: Primary inputs for this analysis are spatial information of building geometry, and hourly net energy use data for each building. Graphic Information What is the graphic showing? This graphic (GIF) shows spatio-temporal visualization of energy demand in a smart and connected community. Hourly net energy use data for each building is mapped on the building geometry. A graph showing net energy demand for the whole community is illustrated in the dynamic graph. How did you make the graphic? Building and grid network model is made using rhino CAD software. Grasshopper plugin to rhino is used to map energy use results from excel file to geometry. Ladybug tools, TT toolbox, and customized python scripts in grasshopper are used to animate map results on the different geometries. Conduit suit was used to generate the interactive graph showing the net energy use for the whole community. Then from TT Toolbox, Colibri 2.0 tools are used to automate all the process of creating a GIF. Animating sliders move through each time step, mapping data on geometry while a snapshot is taking at each step and a GIF is generated in an automated process. What specific investigation questions led to the production of this graphic? List them: The main goal of this graphic is to visualize energy demand at the community scale. PV deployment in smart and connected communities are becoming more common. If not managed efficient, these technologies will cause PV curtailment in certain times of the day. In this regard, spatiotemporal visualizations are important order to detect hours of PV curtailment, and peak hours of energy demand and energy stress moment on the grid. Such visualizations necessary to visualize temporal energy demand behaviors at a community scale, hence informing urban planners and building electric grid designers on the decision regarding grid modeling and PV and battery deployment. This type of visualization can also be used to detect anomalies and disruptions at a community scale when new technologies are implemented. This graphic allow us to convey a lot of information simultaneously in an animated visualization . It also demonstrates new techniques to visualize spatio-temporal information in a single graphic. I would have added the grid model and visualized the power results along with the net energy. Is there anything else you'd like to mention? This can be in terms of your graphic ouput, this form, or suggestions for improving the submission process in general? The graphic is a GIF. I am in process of updating these graphic and would be happy to send updates
Introduction To Information System Discussion Questions Order a Similar Paper Order a Different Paper • The number of computing devices has been growing to a degree where it is difficult to choose between them. What devices do you currently use on a regular basis? If you could only have one device, which device would you choose and why? If you had to give up one of the devices you currently use, which one would it be and why? If you could add a new device, what would it be and why? “Writing Skills” Please respond to the following: (Address ALL questions) Are we quickly becoming a society that cannot write correctly? In A Visit from the Goon Squad (which won the 2010 National Book Critics Circle Award for Fiction and the 2011 Pulitzer Prize for Fiction), the author, Jennifer Egan suggests we will turn in to a texting society that spells phonetically using capital “A” to represent a long “A” and lowercase “a” to represent a short “a”. . Here are a couple of examples from the book. Pls wAt 4 me, my bUtiful wyf. -and- No 1 nOs abt me. Im invysbl. Do you see this happening? Would someone in NYC still be able to communicate with someone from Georgia? As a child, I can remember being told to use my “telephone” voice. That meant to enunciate my words properly and not speak in the vernacular. You never know where the person on the other end of the phone is located. You want to be sure you are understood despite that strong southern accent. Here is an example of how using your “telephone” voice would have been more profitable. Was this fair? Some students get offended when I say your peers and your professors form opinions of you by the way you write in an online class because that’s all we have. How important is it that you write well in a professional or educational setting? Am I just behind the times in requiring you to write properly? Get 15% discount for your first order Order a Similar Paper Order a Different Paper
Direct space launch using ram accelerator technology Carl Knowlen 2001 AIP Conference Proceedings The ram accelerator is a hypervelocity launcher that operates on the principles of a chemically propelled intube ramjet. This concept is unique in its potential to launch large-scale projectiles to Earth orbit velocity while controlling the in-tube acceleration. Experimental investigation of the operating characteristics of the ram accelerator at several different facilities around the world has resulted in the demonstration of many key gas dynamic principles and logistical aspects needed for a more » ... spects needed for a space launch facility. These experimental results have been used to determine the parameters for a ram accelerator system capable of launching a 2000 kg projectile having an effective density of 1000 kg/m3 at velocities of 6-8 h / s , without exceeding 1500 g. The results of this study indicate that a multi-stage ram accelerator system would be an effective means to launch large-scale projectiles into orbit. doi:10.1063/1.1357980 fatcat:k2s76y4tifgxppeavzqbigs6ru
Battle of Haifa: When Indian lancers charged heavily defended Ottoman and German positions for a glorious victory ·6-min read Over a 100 years ago on 23 September, 1918, gallant Indian Cavalrymen fought and defeated the Ottomans in the legendary Battle of Haifa which is believed to be one of the last cavalry charges in modern military history. Two months later, World War I ended on 11 November 1918 " the Great War " changed the world in ways that nobody could have imagined. A trip 200 years down the memory lane will help to recount the battle and why Indian are honoured by the Israelis even today. The city of Haifa was under the hold of the German-Turkish forces in 1918. World War I was at its peak at the time, and the Allied Forces and the Central Powers were trying their troops to get seize control of every strategic port, base and city to gain advantage and win the war. Haifa was one such supply base, thanks to its rail access and harbour. The Allied Forces comprising France, Great Britain and Russia had planned to annexe Haifa, Nazareth and Damascus. Haifa and Nazareth are in present-day Israel while Damascus is the capital of present-day Syria. Haifa was to be annexed by the 15th Cavalry Brigade of the British Empire, which consisted of the Imperial Service Troops from the princely states of Hyderabad, Mysore, Patiala, Alwar and Jodhpur; it was initially called the Imperial Service Cavalry Brigade. The battle The 15th Imperial Service Brigade comprising of the Lancer Regiments from the state forces viz Hyderabad, Mysore, and Jodhpur were given the responsibility of carrying out the attack, as British forces were deployed elsewhere. It was a formidable if not an impossible task considering the fact that the Turks, Austrians, and Germans occupied the heights of Mount Carmel and had well prepared defences supported by several artillery guns and machine guns; additionally, mountains and hills were a no-go terrain for the cavalry. Reconnaissance of the enemy's positions revealed that Turks had deployed most of their machine guns on the lower slopes of Mount Carmel and artillery was deployed in four different positions. The Mysore Lancers were tasked to capture the machine gun positions by attacking from the East and providing covering fire to the Jodhpur Lancers during their charge from the North to capture Mount Carmel and the town of Haifa. On the afternoon of 23 September, a squadron of the Mysore Lancers attacked the Austrian battery of light field guns on the slopes of Mount Carmel while the Jodhpur Lancers launched the main mounted attack on the rearguard of German machine gunners, which blocked the road. The Jodhpur Lancers came under machine gun and artillery fire. They were further obstructed by quicksand on the river banks. However, defeating the odds, the Jodhpur Lancers continued their charge into the town, surprising the defenders. Those Mysore Lancers who had been giving fire support to the attacking regiment, mounted and followed them into the town. Together the two regiments captured 1,350 German and Ottoman prisoners, including two German officers, 35 Ottoman officers, 17 artillery guns including four 4.2 guns, eight 77mm guns and four camel guns as well as a six-inch naval gun, and 11 machine guns. Their own casualties amounted to eight dead and 34 wounded. One of the major losses that India experienced was that the Indian cavalry lost Major Dalpat Singh who earned his Military Cross that day. The entire story of his bravery is mentioned in the textbooks of Israel. He was anointed as 'Hero of Haifa'. The great feat was that the Indian soldiers were armed only with lances and cavalry sabres and faced machine gun fire from well entrenched Turk and German soldiers. "No more remarkable cavalry action of its scale was fought in the whole course of the campaign," the Official History of the War observed while aptly describing the resilience of the Indian troops. "Machine gun bullets over and over again failed to stop the galloping horses even though many of them succumbed afterwards to their injuries." Outcome of the battle The Battle of Haifa did not only leave the Turks smarting, but it also broke the morale of their army and its retreat became a rout which resulted in the Armistice being signed by not only the Turks but also Germany. Another major outcome of the battle, which is not known to many, is that the valour displayed by the Indians forced the British government to break racial barriers and opened the way for grant of Kings Commission as officers to Indians which they had been resisting on the grounds that Indians lacked the leadership qualities to make good officers. Entry to Sandhurst was opened soon after the War and The Prince of Wales Royal Indian Military College was founded in 1922 to prepare suitable applicants for entry. Formation of the 61st Cavalry Regiment Post-Independence, with the abolishment of princely states in India, it was decided to disband all regular and irregular erstwhile state forces cavalry units and raise a new horse cavalry regiment. Designated as 61st Cavalry, the regiment raised in Jaipur in 1953 comprised of the Jodhpur and Mysore Lancers who had fought the Battle of Haifa. The iconic 61st Cavalry, one of the world's last remaining horse-mounted regiments, has a decorated past other than its honours at Haifa. It has earned a Padma Shri, 11 Arjuna Awards, nine Asian Games medals, a gold medal in Polo World Cup against Pakistan, silver in Jakarta Asian Games, among other accolades in equestrian sports. "The regiment is a symbol of India's heritage," Colonel Atul Gupta (retired), who has served in the regiment, told ThePrint. However, in 2020, the decision was taken to convert this unit into a full-fledged armoured regiment. The move was initiated to cut costs and drew from a proposal to change the regiment's role to an active armoured regiment based on the recommendations of the 2016 Shekatkar Committee report. Honouring the heroes of Haifa Delhi's Teen Murti Chowk inaugurated after the World War celebrates that great victory. It was renamed as Haifa Chowk in 2018 in the centenary of the Battle. In 2017, Prime Minister Modi accompanied by Israeli counterpart Benjamin Netanyahu " visited Haifa " a first by an Indian prime minister signifying a testimony to the linkages in liberating Haifa, the creation of Israel and the chivalry in rescuing a pacifist religious leader from persecution from the Ottoman regime. Israel has also issued a postage stamp to commemorate the Sikh, Indian and British soldiers during victorious war of Haifa (Israel) which was fought valiantly against Ottoman Turks. With inputs from agencies Also See: Narendra Modi in Israel: PM visits Haifa cemetery to pay homage to Indian soldiers Read more on India by Firstpost.
How did the us acquire alaska and hawaii How did the us acquire alaska and hawaii Why did US buy Alaska and Hawaii? Why did Canada give Alaska to the US? How did the US get Alaska as a territory? On October 18, 1867, the U.S. formally takes possession of Alaska after purchasing the territory from Russia for $7.2 million, or less than two cents an acre. Negotiations between Seward (1801-1872) and the Russian minister to the U.S. , Eduard de Stoeckl, began in March 1867. How did us acquire Alaska and Hawaii quizlet? Alaska was purchased for $7.2 million from Russia. It was known as Seward’s Folly or Seward’s Icebox. The United States Marines helped planter Sanford B. Dole overthrow Queen Liliuokalani then the U.S. annexed Hawaii in 1898 stating that it needed naval bases there to protect world trade. Why didnt Canada Buy Alaska? How much did America pay for Hawaii? You might be interested: How much daylight is there in alaska What should you avoid in Alaska? Can you still walk from Alaska to Russia? Is Canada richer than America? While both countries are in the list of top ten economies in the world in 2018, the US is the largest economy in the world, with US$20.4 trillion, with Canada ranking tenth at US$1.8 trillion. The United States on “health outcomes, education levels and other such metrics” scores lower than other rich nations. What if Russia never sold Alaska? Who owned Alaska before the United States? You might be interested: How much sunlight in alaska What would happen if Russia didn’t sell Alaska? If Russia hadn’t sold Alaska to the US in 1867 It would have passed into American hands in 1906 or 1907. After getting whooped by Japan in 1905, Russia was revealed as a waning power, and it was unable to reinforce any units in the Pacific. How did the US acquire Hawaii? What was the main reason the United States wanted to annex Hawaii? Why did the United States purchase Alaska from Russia quizlet? Terms in this set (13) The purchase of Alaska was done by William Seward in 1867 and approved by congress quickly. This was done as a way of keeping the British away. Alaska was purchased for $7.2 million from Russia . It was known as Seward’s Folly or Seward’s Icebox. Alaska Rick Randall leave a comment Create Account Log In Your Account
Apollo 13: Square Peg in a Round Hole 00:00 - 01:05 1m 5s Using limited resources, the team at NASA needs to invent a way to fit a square cartridge into a round hole in order to create a CO2 filter. This filter would prevent the CO2 levels from rising too high in the spacecraft. Otherwise, the crew will face complications such as impaired judgment and blackouts. Please sign in to write a comment.
Shorting Cryptocurrencies \| How \| When \| Why \| Beginner Guide Tarulika \| Jul 7, 2020 Cryptocurrencies have the historic year of skyrocketing prices of 2017. Bitcoin was invented in 2009 with a price of a few cents and presently it is worth thousands of dollars. Investors did not take the Bitcoins seriously initially but as the marketplace started extending, cryptos have become the instrument to earn huge profits. Various techniques, analysis reports, trend studies and many more methods have been deployed to earn from cryptocurrencies. One of them is “shorting cryptocurrencies”. In this article, you will learn about the shorting and how, when, why and many more questions related to it. What Is Shorting Cryptocurrencies? What does shorting of crypto mean In simpler terms, “shorting” can be defined as betting for the bearish trend (falling prices) of any asset. Being short on cryptocurrencies or shorting Bitcoin means that the trader considers the price of the particular instrument which is being traded will fall and tries to earn from the falling prices of that asset. Generally, traders tend to sell high and buy low to make the profit from a change in the price of the cryptocurrency. Investors open a short position or sell trade which could be Bitcoin, Ethereum, Litecoin or any other currency with the aim to earn profit from the dripping down prices. To get the more clear idea of shorting, let us find out the working behind shorting currency in the next section. How Does Shorting of Cryptocurrencies Work? How does shorting work When you are allowed to borrow an asset like Bitcoins and sell them at their current price, shorting works. Later on, you have to purchase the Bitcoins to pay back to the lenders (from whom you borrowed the money). Now when you repurchase the Bitcoins after some time (when the prices are dropped), it might be cheaper to buy the assets needed to pay back. For instance, let us consider that you short sell about 10 Bitcoins when the prices were at $4000, i.e. you borrowed 10 BTC and sold them for $40,000. Now, after some time, the price of Bitcoin drops to approximately $3500. Then, you grabbed the opportunity and repurchased 10 Bitcoins to give back the assets to your lenders. Thus, you earned a profit of almost $5000 with the help of shorting coins. This is how shorting of cryptocurrencies work. How To Short Sell Cryptocurrencies? Methods to short crypto There are a number of methods to short sell crypto assets like options, marginal trading, futures contracts and many more. Let us discuss some of the methods in brief. Digital Exchanges One of the simplest ways to short crypto assets is on crypto-asset exchanges either by the method of leverage trading or by marginal trading. For instance, BitMEX, Bitfinex, Poloniex and many more. Firstly you have to borrow a crypto asset from margin lenders to sell the asset which is not owned by you and then buying the asset back once the target price is achieved to sell back to the lender. The backend of the process is handled by the exchange and a borrowing fee will be charged for each day of shorting the assets. The profit or loss will be the difference of price short sold at and the price at which the asset is back (deducting margin lending fee) differing from platform to platform. While using the option of leverage, your profit or loss can be magnified by the ratio you choose. Crypto CFDs The Contract for Difference can be used to short cryptocurrency with the help of online brokerages like CMC Markets. Investors comfortable with online brokerage trading may find the option of CFD as the most suitable one. It is a similar process like that of short currencies on an exchange but the profits are paid in fiats rather than digital currencies. You just need to click on the “Sell button” on the cryptocurrency CFD of your choice at the price level one you want to short it at. Crypto Futures Crypto Asset derivative trading platforms can also be utilised to short cryptocurrency as it can be utilised to sell the crypto futures. Platforms like Deribit, Quedex can be utilised to sell crypto futures. Futures are financial derivatives which allow traders to purchase or sell the asset at an already defined price at a predetermined date in the future which would allow the investors to bet for development of the asset without owning it. Put Options for Buying Crypto Financial options can also be a good way to inculcate the potential profit from bearish markets. Options are also financial derivatives which can provide holders with rights but not with the obligation to purchase or sell a crypto asset at a specific price on an already future decided date. Options are a comparatively inexpensive way to short crypto assets as you only lose the premium if the option got expired and the strike price won’t be met. Looking for the technical aspects, putting options is better for advanced traders than novices. BitMEX is one of the specialised crypto exchanges that offer you to short the currencies with the help of options. Exchange-Traded Notes Shorting cryptocurrencies can be done with the help of Exchange Traded Notes (ETNs), one of the regulated financial products. For instance, service providers like Bitcoin Tracker One, Ether Tracker One by XBT provider and many more. You just need to have a brokerage account for supporting crypto exchange-traded notes for short selling. Wrapping Up Short selling of cryptos is undoubtedly profitable but can be a little risky if not done cautiously. You need to be careful while shorting the Bitcoin either by yourself or via crypto brokers. Just invest as much as you can afford to lose without trapping yourself into the trap of lucrative profits. This is true that you can even earn from bearish markets but you must constantly track the markets and analyse the charts or can just sit back by dedicating the task of selling the coins at a predetermined price with predetermined time to the exchanges. Thus, crypto markets are full of opportunities either bearish or bullish, one only need to be updated with latest trends, announcements, services and products in the industry. Articles You May Read Related News
Sherbrooke University researchers simulated a space environment, which caused a chemical reaction that created organic chemicals to form. The molecules are similar to “living building blocks” that eventually form into tiny organisms. Their research opens the door to the possibility that all life on Earth have extraterrestrial beginnings. Scientists currently estimate life began on our planet about 4 billion years ago when single cell organisms and bacteria started to appear all over the globe. The Canadian university’s finding comes as alien-hunting boffins prepare to examine a “peculiar” 1,300ft-long asteroid hurtling though our solar system for sign of extraterrestrial tech. Astronomers dubbed the space rock “Oumuamua”, as it soared past Earth last month. The object is estimated to be the size of the New York Empire State Building and may be made of alien metal. Now astronomers have joined forces with Russian billionaire Yuri Milner to study the object in more depth before it sails beyond the range of telescopes. Avi Loeb, the chair of Harvard University’s astronomy department added: “The more I study this object, the more unusual it appears, making me wonder whether it might be an artificially made probe which was sent by an alien civilisation.”
The Possible Population Of Palestine -- By: G. Frederick Wright Journal: Bibliotheca Sacra Volume: BSAC 058:232 (Oct 1901) Article: The Possible Population Of Palestine Author: G. Frederick Wright The Possible Population Of Palestine G. Frederick Wright The intelligent modern traveler in Palestine cannot fail to be impressed with the passage in his Baedeker relating to the ancient population of the country,1 which, while giving correctly the estimates, speaks of them as evidently exaggerated. According to Num. 1:46 and 26:51, the males above twenty years of age capable of bearing arms numbered 603,550; while in the time of David (2 Sam. 24:9) there were 1,300,000 men capable of bearing arms, the age-limit being presumably the same as that mentioned in Numbers. If, as is usually done, we reckon the total population to be four times the number of adult males, it would be, in round numbers, 2,500,000 at the time of Joshua’s entrance into Palestine, and in the time of David, four hundred years later, 5,000,000. Reckoning the area of Palestine, including the land occupied by the tribes east of the Jordan, at 10,500 square miles, this would give a population of 240 to the square mile in the time of Joshua, and 480 to the square mile in the time of David; whereas the total population at the present time (650,000) is only about sixty-two to the square mile. When the traveler rides over the treeless mountains-from Dan to Beersheba, and witnesses the present neglected condition of the country and its consequent infertility, it is, indeed, difficult for him not to believe, with his guidebook, that the early estimates found in Numbers and Samuel are exaggerations. Especially is this the case if he has come from the United States, where land is so plenty that high cultivation has not been a necessity, and where the average population to the square mile, excluding the Territories, is only twenty-six; that of Iowa, one of the richest agricultural States, being but forty-one. If, however, he has approached the country from some of the more densely populated regions of the world, where the conditions of life are still somewhat similar to those in the great centers of population three thousand years ago; and if, at the same time, he examines somewhat carefully the physical conditions of the country, he will be less likely to assume at once either exaggeration on the part of the sacred writer or error in the transmission of the figures. If one has gone from Egypt to Palestine, density of population such as is involved in the census report of David’s officials will not be at all staggering, when due account is taken of the natural resources of the country. The arable land of Egypt is estimated at 11,24... Click here to subscribe visitor : : uid: ()

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