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Real Gross Domestic Product The modified retail marketing mix that is most commonly cited in textbooks is often called the 6 Ps of retailing . By the 17th century, permanent shops with more regular trading hours were beginning to supplant markets and fairs as the main retail outlet. The trappings of a modern shop, which had been entirely absent from the sixteenth- and early seventeenth-century store, gradually made way for store interiors and shopfronts that are more familiar to modern shoppers. Additionally, financial indicators and market shares of leading brands and retailers are covered, as well as the latest consumer behavior and shopping trends. Furthermore, survey data illustrates the perspective of retailers and decision-makers regarding evolving trends affecting the industry. Retailers sell products and services to private customers or businesses, who make purchases through single transactions or subscriptions. Enterprise Implementation Custom tailored Enterprise model for retailers such as The Athlete’s Foot, Elizabeth Arden, Birchbox and many other industry leaders. Small stores are often operated by self-employed businesspeople, who often hire part-time or full-time staff to help run their store. This means that even in a small store, there may be several employees as well as the self-employed owner. For example, a building contractor would usually purchase materials such as cement, plywood, nails, two-by-fours, sinks, pipes, bathroom fixtures, paint, glass, wallpaper, and so on from a wholesale supplier. Retail price; full price; an abbreviated expression, meaning the full suggested price of a particular good or service, before any sale, discount, or other deal. As one of several recent macro-trends, consumers expect retailers to run more sustainable businesses and reduce their impact on the environment. This percentage represents the net worth of businesses and includes elements such as the value of common and preferred shares, as well as earned, contributed and other surpluses. This percentage represents the obligations of an enterprise arising from past transactions or events, the settlements of which may result in the transfer of assets, provision of services or other yielding of economic benefits in the future. This percentage represents all claims against debtors arising from the sale of goods and services and any other miscellaneous claims with respect to non-trade transaction. They then mark up their prices to cover their purchasing and generate profit—retailers, in turn, do the same. While this seems as if it might raise prices for consumers, it actually keeps prices lower than if manufacturers had to market their own goods and provide shopping experiences for consumers. Retailing is all about attracting consumers through product displays and marketing. Inventory must be kept, shelves must be kept full, and payments have to be collected. Retailers are more than places to purchase merchandise, however—they provide manufacturers an outlet so that they can focus on creating their products.
How to Calculate 1/1 Plus 11/26 Are you looking to work out and calculate how to add 1/1 plus 11/26? In this really simple guide, we'll teach you exactly what 1/1 + 11/26 is and walk you through the step-by-process of how to add two fractions together. Let's set up 1/1 and 11/26 side by side so they are easier to see: 1 / 1 + 11 / 26 Our denominators are 1 and 26. What we need to do is find the lowest common denominator of the two numbers, which is 26 in this case. If we multiply the first denominator (1) by 26 we will get 26. If we we multiply the second denominator (26) by 1 we will also get 26. We also need to multiply the numerators above the line by the same amounts so that the fraction values are correct: 1 x 26 / 1 x 26 + 11 x 1 / 26 x 1 This is what 1/1 plus 11/26 looks like with the same denominator: 26 / 26 + 11 / 26 26 + 11 / 26 = 37 / 26 You're done! You now know exactly how to calculate 1/1 + 11/26. Hopefully you understood the process and can use the same techniques to add other fractions together. The complete answer is below (simplified to the lowest form): 1 11/26 Convert 1/1 plus 11/26 to Decimal 37 / 26 = 1.4231 Cite, Link, or Reference This Page • "How to Calculate 1/1 plus 11/26". Accessed on December 7, 2021. • "How to Calculate 1/1 plus 11/26"., Accessed 7 December, 2021. • How to Calculate 1/1 plus 11/26. Retrieved from Preset List of Fraction Addition Examples
Operation Condor Research Paper 339 Words2 Pages When the Cold War began, many countries started to immediately take sides, either with the Soviets, or with the U.S. Even though it started in Europe and Asia, the Cold War eventually reached Latin America. In 1975, right-wing dictatorships of Latin America, (mainly Argentina, Chile, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, and Bolivia), joined forces in a campaign to eradicate communist ideas, and Soviet influence. They were Technically and militarily supported by the U.S until 1978. Of course, even though the U.S was supporting dictators, it was far more important to stop the evil Communists! this terrorizing campaign was known as Operation Condor. As a part of Operation Condor, the Dirty War occurred in Argentina. However, no one knows exactly when Open Document
Still I Rise 497 Words2 Pages Rising Up “Still I Rise” by Maya Angelou is directed towards blacks on how to be proud of their ancestry, themselves, and their overall appearance. The poem is a special and motivating poem that African-Americans (and other races for that matter) should read and take to heart. According to African-Americans, Maya Angelou states that no matter what white Americans (slave owners) say or do to African-Americans (slaves) they can still rise up to make a better life for themselves and their race as a whole. One reason blacks should rise above their oppression is so they can better themselves and in turn make a better life for their next generation, just as their ancestors tried to do. “Bring the gifts that my ancestors gave, I am the dream and the hope of the slave” says Angelou is taking the lessons learned from their ancestors and dreaming and hoping to rise above slavery. They felt that if they rose above slavery, their children and grandchildren would not have to partake in torture and pain. White Americans had and still have a different perception of the previous quote and they feel that what their ancestors had given them will help them to fulfill their dreams and in doing so slaves would be needed to keep their dream alive. Self love and assurance are also a major component to rising above others as Maya Angelou explains in her poem. She expresses herself by saying sassiness, which means to talk to someone disrespectfully, can help a person achieve personal satisfaction that may help them take on tough situations. Many slave felt intimidated by their masters and they felt that what their masters said about them was true and without their masters they would be in a worse situation. The appearance, shape, and style of an African-American is another way that whites try to downgrade the African-American race. Many blacks in the past and Open Document
أخبار عاجلة Why it matters to the world if China delivers on its carbon targets اخبارالعرب 24-كندا:الاثنين 18 أكتوبر 2021 04:15 صباحاً Our planet is changing. So is our journalism. This story is part of a CBC News initiative entitled "Our Changing Planet" to show and explain the effects of climate change and what is being done about it. It has been well documented, most recently in last week's International Energy Agency report, that the world's governments have failed keeping up with their own climate change promises. That is why as the globe prepares for the COP26 conference in Glasgow, Scotland, starting Oct. 31, analysts are watching whether the world's largest emitter of greenhouse gases, China, is actually on track to meet its own climate objectives. It's pledged to have carbon dioxide emissions peak "around 2030" if not earlier, en route to net-zero emissions by 2060. Independent analysts I spoke to say it could happen: a combination of central government authority and a national commitment to technological change mean the country could actually succeed. But with Beijing boosting coal production and juggling a number of challenges at home, that's far from certain. Could China stumble? As the workshop to the world, China cranks out 28 percent of global greenhouse gases and many international analysts see the country's success as crucial to keeping the planet from overheating. "Amid the growing wave of governments around the world setting targets for reaching net zero emissions, no pledge is as significant as China's," declare the authors of the IEA's roadmap to carbon neutrality in China, although carbon output per person is lower than many other countries, including Canada. WATCH \| Supercomputer shows major sources of CO2 emissions including China: But some analysts offer scenarios where the Asian giant fails to meet the ambitious targets promised by Chinese leader Xi Jinping. Missteps could include a property crash, a domestic economic downturn and an insatiable demand for energy that can only be met by fossil fuels. An outbreak of hostilities over Taiwan likely wouldn't help. Others question whether Xi, who said last week he won't be attending the Glasgow summit, can simultaneously navigate a recently articulated fight against inequality — his "common prosperity" agenda — at the same time as meeting the country's climate change goals. Even as Beijing instructed its banks to stop lending for the construction of international coal powered plants, the country has just announced it is responding to a domestic electricity shortage by upping fossil fuel generating capacity at home. Rising to a peak But just as Canada continues to expand its oil sands production, the test for China as a whole is whether national carbon output will reach its promised peak by 2030, which experts say is not necessarily in conflict with current coal-powered increases. "Carbon peaking means it keeps going up until the peak obviously," said Scott Vaughan, an economist and senior fellow at the Winnipeg-based International Institute for Sustainable Development who specializes in China. "Analysis I've seen is that 80 per cent of those emissions are on track to peak by 2025, so really the next three years, and then you start driving down those emissions." That is why people worried about whether the country can reach its final carbon neutrality goal in 2060 when it is scheduled to stop generating net greenhouse gases altogether will be independently monitoring its carbon output closely over the next few years using remote sensors. Some analysts I spoke to said that the 2030 target for peak carbon output would be relatively attainable, because planners had set the goal in a way that would make it certain not to miss, and that Beijing might use the COP26 conference to announce it would reach that objective even sooner. • Have questions about COP26 or climate science, policy or politics? Email us: ask@cbc.ca. Your input helps inform our coverage. A solar power station in Shaanxi province, part of an attempt to move from coal to renewable energy, where the country already outpaces Canada. (Muyu Xu/REUTERS) With about 58 per cent of China's energy now coming from coal, Vaughan does not think reaching either goal will be easy partly due to a "risk of social discontent that's actually affecting households or incomes" which Beijing would have to take seriously. In the past, China-watchers have warned that a fall in living standards could weaken the Communist Party's grip on power. Nonetheless, Vaughan said Beijing faces strong domestic pressure to meet or exceed both its targets, pressure which he believes is motivated by a popular backlash against China's previous environmentally destructive development. Inefficient in carbon intensity "The challenge is tremendous," said political economist Wei Shen, a British scholar, who along with Canada's Mark Jaccard and many others is already working on next year's Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change report. "It is one of the most inefficient economies in the world in terms of carbon intensity." On the bright side, Shen said, China's top-down system of government has guided dramatic environmental successes in the recent past. He cites the central government's moves to reduce urban air pollution following a red alert and public outcry in 2015, taking it from from horrible to merely bad. But he said an authoritarian system of government can be a double-edged sword. Beijing's pressure on regional governments to raise GDP at all costs has been blamed for creating overbuilding in the property sector. Pressure on local authorities to reach climate targets may have contributed to recent electricity shortages. WATCH \| Developed countries still short on pledge to help poorer nations act on climate: Inaction and inequity key concerns ahead of COP26 climate summit 19 days ago As world leaders prepare for next month's COP26 climate summit in Glasgow, Greta Thunberg is criticizing governments for not living up to their promises while others are pointing to concerns about the inequity facing countries most impacted by climate change. 2:06 There are fears Xi's latest common prosperity policy, where a regulatory storm has included a crackdown on corporate lending, could have unintended economic consequences. In terms of carbon output, said Shen, who formerly worked in development finance in China, the country is divided into two distinct parts: poorer provinces like Guizhou and Shanxi that remain heavily dependent on coal for power and jobs, and rich cities like Shenzhen, a worldwide leader in green technology. It is the poorest areas that will likely feel the brunt of climate change policy. Saving the world with technology China has invested heavily to bring down the global price of wind turbines and solar panels, and Vaughan reminded me that renewables already generate about 30 per cent of China's power, more than the U.S. or Canada. Shen says there are more innovations in the pipeline. "I think the Chinese deeply believe in technology," said Shen. He said the current view in Beijing is that European domination during the previous century was due to China's backward technology. Investing in renewable power, efficiency, clean transport and battery tech is part of a calculated strategy to lead rather than follow. "They think that technology is the central pillar for solving the problems of climate change," he said. "They deeply believe that technology can save the world." Shen said some critics want to push China to move its carbon neutral target from 2060 closer to the 2050 goal espoused by countries of the rich world. That may happen eventually, but for now, he thinks that may be misguided. For an industrial giant of 1.4 billion people with a GDP per person similar to that of Mexico, the most important thing for the world is that Beijing can actually meet the targets it has already set. "What we need to make sure is that China can deliver," said Shen. Follow Don PIttis on Twitter @don_pittis التالى U.S. border businesses optimistic as some restrictions ease This Website conforms to all Canadian Laws
How Many Miles of Coastline Does Bainbridge Island Have? How many miles of coastline does Bainbridge Island have? Bainbridge Island is one of the largest islands in Puget Sound, approximately eight miles due west of Seattle and comprises 28 square miles and 53 miles of coastline. Bainbridge’s magnificent shoreline includes both open and sheltered shores and offers a diverse terrain of bluffs, spits, estuaries, streams, tidal flats, and rocky outcroppings. All of the major marine habitat types in Washington State are present around Bainbridge including eelgrass meadows, kelp forests, flats, tidal marshes, sub-estuaries, sand spits, beaches, banks and bluffs, and that diversity supports a wide array of marine wildlife from sea lions to salmon to crabs and more. Come take a stroll in our gorgeous coastline parks and you’ll see (and possibly hear the sea lions). We never tire of exploring the amazing shoreline of Bainbridge Island! Sign up for the best of Bainbridge Island, right here 👇
Why Do My Burps Smell Like Chinese Food Even Though I Didnt Eat It? Something a person ate: Hydrogen sulfide gas is produced when bacteria in the oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract break down food. This can result in foul-smelling burps or flatulence. Foods that may cause sulfur burps include high-protein foods and beer. What are sulfur burps? Sulfur burps are burps that smell like rotten eggs. Most burps come from swallowed air that gets trapped in the esophagus and burped back out, without ever reaching the stomach. But some of the air you swallow goes through the esophagus into the stomach, where it mixes with digestive gases before being burped back up. What causes sulfur burps vomiting and diarrhea? Gut infections Research has shown that infections in the digestive system caused by H. Pyloris bacteria and Giardia parasite can cause eggy burps. If you have one of these infections, you will very likely experience other symptoms, such as stomach cramps, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhoea. What makes burps smell like rotten eggs? The rotten egg smell associated with sulfur burps comes from hydrogen sulfide gas. When bacteria in the mouth and digestive system break down food, new compounds form. Hydrogen sulfide is one of the byproducts of digestion. You might be interested: Quick Answer: Why Chinese Food Makes Me Sick? Can Overeating cause sulfur burps? If you have sulfur burps, it’s most likely because of something you ate. Eating or drinking too quickly can cause excessive burping. What does sulfur smell like? If you haven’t smelled sulfur, it’s hard to describe how awful it is. Most who have, describe it as smelling like rotten eggs. What kills a sour stomach? How does the body get rid of hydrogen sulfide? Any absorbed hydrogen sulfide does not accumulate in the body as it is rapidly metabolised in the liver and excreted in the urine. Hydrogen sulfide usually breaks down in air in about 3 days and is dispersed by wind. Therefore exposure is only likely to continue if there is an ongoing source. How do you get rid of Sulphur breath? The best way to neutralize sulfur gas is to use a zinc-ion based mouth rinse. However, really getting rid of halitosis means moving beyond simply neutralizing sulfur gas to blocking it from returning. For that, you’ll need activated zinc-ions. Why do I smell sulfur? If you have a shower, tub, or sink that gets minimal use, the odor could be caused by sewer gas filtering into your home through an empty plumbing trap. Sewer gas contains methane, which has a distinctive sulfur smell. The drains from your fixtures all connect to the main sewer pipe that exits your home. You might be interested: Readers ask: What Chinese Food Is Supposed To Be Spicy? Do cavities smell like poop? It occurs when the pulp inside the tooth decays. This may lead to a bacterial infection, which can result in pain, swelling, and breath that smells like feces due to a buildup of pus. An abscessed tooth may not have painful symptoms until the infection is very advanced. What defines overeating on the digestive system? Is dyspepsia a disease? Dyspepsia, also known as indigestion, refers to discomfort or pain that occurs in the upper abdomen, often after eating or drinking. It is not a disease but a symptom. Leave a Reply Back to Top
Getting dung on India's climate agenda Getting dung on India's climate agenda Despite many virtues, why have good ideas about dung lacked systematic promotion? Representative Image. Credit: Pixabay Photo As the goal to attain 'net zero' emissions by 2050 gains global currency, climate change mitigation by trapping excess carbon dioxide in the atmosphere gains an added significance. That the soil holds three times more carbon than the atmosphere has been scientifically validated. However, unchecked soil degradation has left this potential far from being fully realised. Maintaining the capacity of the soil to act as a functional carbon sink needs to be done in tandem with the goal of emission reduction. As a milch country, has the country valued cattle dung to gain the desired global attention? As a replenishable biological resource, dung holds soil particles together for making the landmass act like a veritable carbon sink while keeping the soil moist and productive. With 5 million tonnes of dung on offer on a daily basis, India holds rare credentials to bring dung on the global climate agenda. While its climate-friendly credentials of trapping soil carbon are only beginning to be realised, dung has add-on benefits of being antibacterial and antifungal, with recently developed thermally-insulating paint made out of it being the latest addition to its list of virtues. Also read: India says net zero target date for carbon emissions not a solution Little has been done to salvage dung that lies splintered on roads with cows foraging from the roadside dust bins. Considered an economic resource of immense cultural value, its colossal neglect has yet to catch the attention it deserves. Nothing could be more curious than such an abandonment of a resource that comes virtually free. Even the National Biogas Program, launched in 1981, to convert dung into cooking gas has done pretty little to uplift dung's sagging image as a valuable resource. Dung is a deceptively simple raw material that has shown immense conversion value. Its nutritive worth for crops and energy value as fuel runs into billions of rupees, worthy of making the market go bullish. However, dung littered on the streets provides a grim example of how its tangible aspects as a source with multiple benefits have failed to garner political attention. Political philosopher Jeremy Waldron may have been referring to dung when he said 'things are not quite as they seem'. No surprise, therefore, people have learnt to live with dung which is unceremoniously scattered almost everywhere. While its ritual significance amidst diverse cultural traditions is discerning, dung plastered as cakes on village walls and as dung-pyramids dotting the landscape presents a different story. However, a milk-nation has paid scant attention to dung. The question begging attention is: Despite many virtues, why have good ideas about dung lacked systematic promotion? The only exception was when noted economist E F Schumacher had pulled it out from the near abyss in the '80s by advising the government to get gas and manure out of it, through what became known as biogas. In forty years that have gone by, not only has the ambitious program of building 12 million biogas units fallen short of the target by over 70%, but also has more dysfunctional and defunct units to its credit. It may read like a fairy tale on unsuccessful attempts at quietude but dung has continued to act as a periscope of ideas to tease creative minds. Interestingly, like most bakery products, sun-baked dung cakes can now be ordered online. There is an energy and manure value in dung cakes! Perhaps, more attractive is the recent proposal by the Chhattisgarh government to buy dung for Rs 2 per kilo at farmers' doorsteps. The country needs to value its dung from a climate perspective, incentivising its distribution to enriching soils can be a national program. Given the climatic urgency, there can be little denying that the country needs to be both empathetic and prepared to bring dung on the climatic agenda. Unless we alert ourselves from being lout in our dealing with dung, it will remain neglected both as a resource as well as an idea,
views updated Jun 27 2018 Glucose (GLOO-kose) is a simple sugar used by plants and animals to obtain the energy they need to stay alive and to grow. It is classified chemically as a monosaccharide, a compound whose molecules consist of five- or six-membered carbon rings with a sweet flavor. Other common examples of monosaccharides are fructose and galactose. Glucose usually occurs as a colorless to white powder or crystalline substance with a sweet flavor. It consists in two isomeric forms known as the D configuration and the L configuration. Dextrose is the common name given to the D conformation of glucose. Dextrose; grape sugar; corn sugar; blood sugar Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen Carbohydrate (organic) 180.16 g/mol 146°C (300°F); decomposes Not applicable Very soluble in water; slightly soluble in alcohol; insoluble in most organic solvents Credit for the discovery of glucose is often given to the German chemist Andreas Sigismund Marggraf (1709–1782). In 1747, Marggraf isolated a sweet substance from raisins that he referred to as einer Art Zücker (a kind of sugar) that we now recognize as glucose. More than 60 years later, the German chemist Gottlieb Sigismund Constantine Kirchhof (1764–1833) showed that glucose could also be obtained from the hydrolysis of starch and that starch itself was nothing other than a very large molecule (polysaccharide) composed of many repeating glucose units. The molecular structure for glucose was finally determined in the 1880s by German chemist Emil Fischer (1852–1919), part of the reason for which he was awarded the 1902 Nobel Prize in chemistry. Glucose is synthesized naturally in plants and some single-celled organisms through the process known as photosynthesis. In this process, sunlight catalyzes the reaction between carbon dioxide and water that results in the formation of a simple carbohydrate (glucose) and oxygen. The overall reaction can be summarized by a rather simple chemical equation: 6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2 However, photosynthesis actually involves a number of complex reactions that occur in two general phases, the light reactions and the dark reactions. Glucose is produced commercially through the steam hydrolysis of cornstarch or waste products containing cellulose (a large molecule composed of glucose units) using a dilute acid catalyst. The product thus obtained is typically not very pure, but is contaminated with maltose (a disaccharide consisting of two molecules of glucose joined to each other) and dextrins (larger molecules consisting of a number of glucose units joined to each other). Interesting Facts • The name glucose comes from the Greek word gleucos for "sweet wine." Glucose is the primary chemical from which plants and animals derive energy. In cells, glucose is broken down in a complex series of reactions to produce energy with carbon dioxide and water as byproducts. Glucose also has a number of commercial uses, nearly all of them related to the food processing business. It is used in the production of confectionary products; chewing gum; soft drinks; ice creams; jams, jellies, and fruit preparations; baby foods; baked products; and beers and ciders. A relatively small amount is used for non-food purposes, primarily in the production of other organic chemicals, such as citric acid, the amino acid lysine, insulin, and a variety of antibiotics. The most important health problem associated with glucose is diabetes. Diabetes is a medical condition that develops when the body either does not produce adequate amounts of insulin or cannot use that compound properly. Insulin is a hormone that controls the metabolism of glucose in the body. If glucose is not metabolized properly, a person's body acts as if it is "starving." Symptoms of diabetes include excessive hunger, weight loss, and exhaustion. If left untreated, the condition can result in coma and death. Diabetics must have an artificial source of insulin (usually from injections) and watch their diets to keep these symptoms under control. Words to Know A material that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without undergoing any change in its own chemical structure. The process by which a compound reacts with water to form two new compounds. Two or more forms of a chemical compound with the same molecular formula, but different structural formulas and different chemical and physical properties. A process that includes all of the chemical reactions that occur in cells by which fats, carbohydrates, and other compounds are broken down to produce energy and the compounds needed to build new cells and tissues. "All about Diabetes." American Diabetes Association. (accessed on October 10, 2005). "Carbohydrates." Kimball's Biology Pages. (accessed on October 10, 2005). "Dextrose, Anhydrous." J. T. Baker. (accessed on October 10, 2005). "Glucose." Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London. (accessed on October 10, 2005). See AlsoFructose; Sucrose views updated Jun 11 2018 glucose is an important source of fuel for the body, especially for the brain and for red blood cells, which use no other fuel. Chemically glucose is a hexose sugar or monosaccharide — that is, a sugar with 6 carbon atoms and the formula C6H12O6. Most glucose in the body is derived from the digestion of polysaccharides and other sugars: starch, for example, is polyglucose; common sugar, or sucrose, a disaccharide, is one molecule of glucose combined with one of fructose. In blood the level of glucose is around 90 mg per 100 ml. Glucose is stored in the body in the form of glycogen in body cells, especially in the liver and muscle, and is metabolized in tissues to generate the adenosine triphoshate (ATP) which provides energy. Alan W. Cuthbert See blood sugar; metabolism. views updated May 23 2018 glucose A six‐carbon monosaccharide sugar (hexose), with the chemical formula C6H12O6, occurring free in plant and animal tissues and formed by the hydrolysis of starch and glycogen. Also known as dextrose, grape sugar, and blood sugar. The major dietary carbohydrates are starches, which are polymers of glucose and disaccharides: sucrose (glucose‐fructose); lactose (glucose‐galactose); maltose and isomaltose, which are dimers of glucose. It is used in the manufacture of confectionery, since its mixture with fructose prevents sucrose from crystallizing (see boiled sweets); it is 74% as sweet as sucrose. views updated May 11 2018 glucose (dextrose; grape sugar) A white crystalline sugar, C6H12O6, occurring widely in nature. Like other monosaccharides, glucose is optically active: most naturally occurring glucose is dextrorotatory. Glucose and its derivatives are crucially important in the energy metabolism of living organisms. It is a major energy source, being transported around the body in blood, lymph, and cerebrospinal fluid to the cells, where energy is released in the process of glycolysis. Glucose is present in the sap of plants, in fruits, and in honey and is also a constituent of many polysaccharides, most notably of starch and cellulose. These yield glucose when broken down, for example by enzymes during digestion. views updated May 23 2018 glucose (dextrose) Colourless crystalline sugar (C6H12O6) occurring in fruit and honey. It requires no digestion before absorption. Insulin lowers the blood-glucose level by causing the liver to convert glucose into glycogen. A monosaccharide sugar, it is prepared commercially by the hydrolysis of starch using hydrochloric acid. views updated Jun 11 2018 glu·cose / ˈgloōkōs/ • n. Biochem. a simple sugar, C6H12O6, that is an important energy source in living organisms and is a component of many carbohydrates. ∎ a syrup containing glucose and other sugars, used in the food industry. views updated May 23 2018 glucose (dextrose) (gloo-kohz) n. a simple sugar containing six carbon atoms (a hexose). Glucose, an important source of energy, is one of the constituents of both sucrose and starch, both of which yield glucose after digestion. It is stored in the body in the form of glycogen. If the blood-glucose concentration falls below the normal level of around 5 mmol/l, neurological and other symptoms may result (see hypoglycaemia). If the blood-glucose level is raised to 10 mmol/l, the condition of hyperglycaemia develops. This is a symptom of diabetes mellitus. views updated May 29 2018 glucose (dextrose, D-glucose) C6H12O6, an aldohexose monosaccharide that is a major intermediate compound in cellular metabolism. See also GLYCOGEN. views updated May 29 2018 glucose (dextrose) C6H12O6. An aldohexose monosaccharide that is a major intermediate compound in cellular metabolism. See also GLYCOGEN. views updated May 23 2018 glucose XIX. — F., irreg. — Gr. gleûkos must, sweet wine, rel. to glukús sweet; see -OSE2.
Are we heading towards deflation? - Views on News from Equitymaster Helping You Build Wealth With Honest Research Since 1996. Try Now • MyStocks Login Failure (Please do not use this option on a public machine) Sign Up \| Forgot Password? Are we heading towards deflation? Mar 20, 2009 Inflation, as measured by the wholesale price index (WPI), fell to 0.44% in the week ending March 7 as compared to 2.4% recorded a week ago. This is the lowest inflation recorded in nearly two decades. The sharp fall in inflation has raised concerns about the Indian economy entering into a deflationary phase. In order to understand effect of deflation on investors, let us first understand what deflation is and what causes deflation. In this article we will give you brief description of deflation, its cause and effect. What is deflation? In common parlance, falling prices are referred to as 'deflation'. In economic term, 'deflation' occurs when the inflation rate falls below zero percent, resulting in an increase in the real value of money. However, a one-time fall in the price level does not result into a deflation. It takes a while to conclude that economy is in deflation. The time period is generally 12 months. What are the causes of deflation? In the long run deflation is a monetary phenomenon. However, in the short run, many factors can push the economy toward deflation. There are four basic causes of deflation which can be listed as follows - decreasing money supply, increasing supply of goods, decreasing demand for goods and increasing demand for money. The most common factor is a negative shock, which induces decline in consumer confidence that in turn affects aggregate spending. This fall in spending leads to slack in labor and product markets. As a result unemployment rate increases and capacity utilisation declines which cause the inflation rate to gradually decline over time. Another type of factor is a positive shock to supply in the economy. For instance, a positive shock to labour productivity will put downward pressure on prices. This occurs because nominal wages and salaries are slow to adjust to unexpected changes in output per hour. With output per hour rising faster than wages, unit cost of labour declines. In competitive markets, this induces firms to reduce their product prices, and the increase in general price level tends to slow down. How does it affect investors? Falling prices might seem as good thing but if prices keep going down then people start deferring their buying decision as this offers them the incentive of lower prices in future. They can get cheaper items by prolonging their decision cycle. And when this effect starts dragging on for too long, companies' profits start declining. The excess supply in the economy forces companies to sell their products at lower prices cut back inventory, reduce employee wages, lay off workers or at times even shut down production facilities. The economy enters into a spiral where people virtually stop spending their money because their economic future seems uncertain and unemployment increases as the economy ceases to expand further. In such scenario equity prices start declining as investors get rid of investments that do not offer good returns. However, bonds temporarily become more attractive as the government starts lowering interest rates to stimulate the economy and catapult demand. The current scenario is clearly not indicating that we are heading towards deflation. Firstly, the index which is being used to measure inflation is Wholesale Price Index (WPI) which does not give correct picture of inflation at the consumers' level. Secondly, the Consumer Price Index (CPI) is hovering at around 10%. Thus there is a clear mismatch between the actual level of inflation and the yardstick being used to measure the same. Equitymaster requests your view! Post a comment on "Are we heading towards deflation?". Click here! More Views on News Dec 6, 2021 Dec 6, 2021 Nov 27, 2021 Dec 7, 2021 Dec 7, 2021 This is how you should think about trading OMC stocks. More Views on News Most Popular Nov 26, 2021 Nov 24, 2021 Nov 27, 2021 Nov 30, 2021 Nov 26, 2021 Become A Smarter Investor In Just 5 Minutes Multibagger Stock Guide 2022 We will never sell or rent your email id. Please read our Terms Dec 7, 2021 (Close)
Adaptive Culture: A Lesson from History Philadelphia (PA) Fire Department Former Commissioner Harold Hairston once said, “You can’t do more with less; you can only do less with less.” Like every government department or bureau in existence, the fire service is perpetually dealing with budget issues that are often a source of compromise within an organization. Budget constraints drive and affect performance and service delivery in many ways. From apparatus and equipment to staffing and training, funding drives the agenda. Inadequate funding or funding reductions without corresponding service reductions create pressure to keep fire service delivery at precut levels—the proverbial “do more with less” mentality. In an organization like the fire service, this ill-advised drive to do more with less is often at the root of unsafe practices. This article examines how issues relating to your budget can negatively impact safe operations. Managing the Aggression Typically, firefighters are “Type A” people. Very little will keep them from completing a mission, even at direct risk to their personal safety. That drive, determination, and calculated disregard for their safety are what allow them to do the job we ask them to do. However, as leaders and managers of this service, we are obligated to channel that drive and desire in ways that keep them within the parameters of safe operations. Often, concepts such as completing the mission and safety come into direct conflict, but they should never be allowed to compete with each other. (1) Explosion of the British battle cruiser HMS Queen Mary during the Battle of Jutland on May 31, 1916. Of the 1,266 crew members, only 20 were rescued. Many fire departments have complained repeatedly that their budgets, personnel, equipment, and training have not nearly kept up with the demands of this adopted mission. Predictably, this mission creep has caused problems not only with EMS delivery but also with fire suppression delivery. Many departments now respond to so many EMS calls (as EMS consumes even greater amounts of their budgets) that firefighting and the training and equipment necessary to execute that fundamental mission competently have suffered enormously. The British Grand Fleet During the early part of the last century, the British Empire spanned the globe; its Navy was tasked with defending this vast empire. Keeping the sea lanes open for the island nation was a top priority. Even with this imperative mission, budget constraints led to some questionable maritime decisions by what was, at the time, the world’s greatest Navy. The following account from history illustrates this problem: “Admiral Fisher was appointed not so much for his ideas on naval warfare, but rather that Lord Selborne, the First Lord of the Admiralty and civilian head of the Royal Navy, recognized that Fisher ‘was the only admiral on the flag list willing and able to find economies in naval expenditure.’ His challenge was to reduce naval expenditures whilst combating the threat of armored cruisers to the Empire’s trade routes, meeting the threat of torpedo-armed small craft and submarines, and still maintaining a force of battle-worthy combatants to destroy hostile enemy fleets.”1 This sounds a lot like mission creep, the “do more with less” mantra we deal with today. The British Fleet, originally charged with defending the home waters, found itself tasked with keeping the sea lanes open for its global empire. It’s not uncommon for fire service leaders to be appointed chief or commissioner for the expressed reason of reducing the perceived “bloated” budget of a given department. Out of this economic and political pressure was born the “Battle Cruiser,” a warship that would go down in history for all the wrong reasons. Evidence suggests that this cost-cutting scheme did what it was expected to do: save money. “The team of Fisher and his civilian superior Selborne was very successful in that their overall program of cutting old warships, geographic re-balance of the fleet, and introduction of new types of vessels kept British naval spending at or below the levels of 1906 for five years.” (1) Cutting Corners When it comes to modern firefighting, cutbacks in areas such as equipment, training, staffing, and hiring have caused many firefighters and departments to correspondingly cut corners. In many cases, this has led to disaster and has been a root cause in many line-of-duty deaths (LODDs). The reductions in training time, hiring of new personnel, purchasing of new equipment, and maintaining infrastructure are all examples of how organizations suffer because of fiscal constraints. Over the course of my career, I’ve had to deal with ill-conceived, budget-induced schemes such as elimination of training, rolling brownouts (rotating closures of selected fire companies), task forces (short-staffed engine and ladder companies designated to operate as one unit), and outright elimination of frontline fire companies. When firefighters operate at incident scenes unsafely and then analyze the reasons behind it, we can break this down into the following three categories: • Ignorance. The firefighters were unaware of the policy or procedure governing the act. You can usually address this simply by making them aware of the policy/procedure in question. For example, they are not wearing personal protective equipment properly. • Flagrant disregard. Firefighters know about the policy and procedures but refuse to comply. This is, in my experience, a scenario that may lead to discipline. One example of this would be unsafely driving the apparatus. • Adaptive culture. This is the most dangerous of the three categories. This is the set of collective, informal norms or conduct that arises in an organization in response to negative, external influence over the course of time. A key element of adaptive culture is the tacit approval of the controlling authority.2 Adaptive culture is what causes many firefighters to knowingly violate safety rules, even though they clearly know better. However, they do it in a way that doesn’t provoke disciplinary action since the controlling authority understands this culture and tacitly approves of these practices. When a city or town council decides to save money by reducing staff on its department’s engine companies from four to three, the three-member crew’s workload isn’t cut accordingly. When they arrive at a dwelling fire at “zero-dark thirty,” they still have the same multitude of tasks to accomplish as before. Faced with this pressure (literally life and death), those three Type A people start taking shortcuts to maintain their previous level of performance. Often, the chief is placed in an untenable position with inadequate resources and tends to overlook these shortcuts, especially if the crew’s performance results in a life saved or a “good stop.” Over time, these informal shortcuts become informal departmental standard operating procedures (they become institutionalized) and are passed on to the next generation without question or objection. Other companies take note and follow suit. What started as a dangerous shortcut is now a cultural norm. This is adaptive culture. This situation is closely related to the Hawthorne Effect, which is “a psychological phenomenon that produces an improvement in human behavior or performance as a result of increased attention from superiors, clients, or colleagues. In a collaborative effort, the effect can enhance results by creating a sense of teamwork and common purpose. In social networking, the effect may operate like peer pressure to improve the behavior of participants.” (2) As a result, the engine company members in the above example unite in opposition to the budget cuts and decide they will show (insert villain here) what they can really do; the “we’ll show ’em mentality” takes over. This attitude can result in anything from reckless driving to “covering the ground of the browned-out company” in the adjoining neighborhood. Sooner or later, that same chief who looked the other way at Engine 99’s “unusually quick” responses will end up investigating Engine 99’s accident. The exposed local government is now on the hook for millions of dollars or more in accident-related costs, including lawsuits and the possibility of lives lost. There are other reasons adaptive culture institutionalizes safety compromises. In some cases, this could mean making up for perceived organizational shortfalls. The following example from naval history illustrates how adaptive culture can have catastrophic results. The Battle of Jutland This battle is the perfect example of adaptive culture and was fought in 1916 between the British Grand Fleet and the German High Seas Fleet and was the only major naval engagement of World War I. It was also the greatest clash between battleships in history. The British fleet outnumbered the German fleet 151 to 100 ships. On paper, the Germans should have never left port, but German Admiral Reinhard von Scheer—in response to the British naval blockade—wanted to draw part of the British fleet into a trap and destroy it. Scheer had no idea the entire British Grand Fleet had put to sea. What was supposed to be a limited engagement ended up as one of history’s biggest naval battles. Despite their vast fleet’s superiority, the British suffered the catastrophic sinking of three battle cruisers (among others) and approximately 6,000 sailors killed in one afternoon. (2) The battleship New Jersey was the last and best designed of the big-gunned battleships. Navy crews on similar ships learned to take shortcuts because of design and training shortcomings. These institutional shortcuts eventually led to the unnecessary deaths of thousands of sailors. (Photo by author.) It’s the loss of these battle cruisers—Indefatigable, Queen Mary, and Invincible—that history remembers because of their sudden and complete destruction with the loss of nearly all hands. During the battle, the British ships exploded and sank unexpectedly. These three ships alone account for nearly half of the 6,000 English sailors lost that day. Why were three ships of the line utterly destroyed by massive explosions? The answer seems to be adaptive culture, as explained by author Michael Peck: “British doctrine in World War I emphasized smothering the enemy with rapid broadsides, even at the expense of safe ammunition-handling procedures. This made British warships more vulnerable to ammunition explosions. Indeed, it is worth noting that the German battle cruiser squadron came under fire from most of the British battleship contingent, but most of them managed—albeit badly batteredto reach port.”3 Battle cruisers were designed as a cost-saving measure. They were fast, heavily gunned warships, but to achieve this high speed, they sacrificed armor protection; they were never meant to engage battleships. To compensate for their budget-induced design shortcomings, the British sailors on the battle cruisers decided to take shortcuts in their handling of ammunition. Author Jeffrey T. Fowler writes about how British crews adapted to their conditions: “The Germans concentrated on armor protection and accurate naval gunnery. The British became obsessed with rapid firing as a technique for keeping enemy ships off balance. While the Royal Navy had strict procedures in place regarding the number of bags of cordite and shells that could be removed from magazines and made ready for firing, ships’ crews routinely ignored these safety precautions.”4 Next, the Admiralty approves: “In 1913, British Commander-in-Chief, Home Fleets, Admiral Sir George Callaghan requested that the basic ammunition load on British battle cruisers be increased from 80 to 120 rounds per gun. This request was subsequently approved, creating a dangerous safety situation.” (4) The safety implications of this order were staggering: “When the guns were combat ready and had available rounds in all spaces in the turret and ready room, each gun carried about 46 additional rounds and cordite charges in the critical spaces between the magazines and the gun turrets. In practice, this meant that each eight-gun battle cruiser at Jutland carried a total of 960 shells and 290,000 pounds of cordite propellant. This was approximately 50% more ammunition than the original specifications of the battle cruisers required.” (4) Overpacked with shells and powder, the (relatively thinly) armored battle cruisers’ fate was sealed before the battle even started. The British battle cruiser doctrinal weakness was exposed; the catastrophic but predictable results: “Once an enemy shell pierced the poorly armored turret of the ammunition-filled British battle cruisers during the Battle of Jutland, the immense stacks of cordite propellant initiated a flash fire. The fire then traveled down the open elevators and blast-shutter curtains, igniting the main powder and projectile magazines.” (4) The resulting explosions sent three British battle cruisers to the bottom of the North Sea with nearly all hands perishing. A fourth—HMS Lion—escaped this fate only because of the last-minute heroics of turret commander Major Francis Harvey. Harvey ordered the magazines to be flooded, preventing the same kind of catastrophic explosion that claimed HMS Lion’s sister ships. He later died of his injuries and was awarded the Victoria Cross posthumously. The British Navy was spoiling for a fight with the German fleet for many years. Their desire to destroy the Germans (e.g., accomplish the mission) when the time came to engage became an obsession. That obsession over time led the sailors to cut as many corners as they could to increase their rate of fire. Cutting corners by using unsafe ammunition-handling and storage practices allowed them to shave precious time off firing their massive guns. However, the downside to these unsafe practices had catastrophic results when the unsafely stored powder detonated during the battle they so eagerly sought. Safety Processes Ignored Adaptive culture was cultivated in the British Navy slowly: “Prior to the destruction of the three British battle cruisers at Jutland, many well-meaning officials were involved in the decision-making chain. British naval planners and commanders had put in place both mechanical design features and procedural safeguards to protect their ships and crews from catastrophic ammunition-related explosions.” (4) Safety was originally part of the Navy’s thinking, but it slowly eroded to compensate for shortfalls in budget-induced deficiencies throughout the fleet: “Unfortunately, naval leaders and the commanders of individual vessels allowed their fear of not having enough ammunition during battle to override these mechanical and procedural safeguards, with tragic results. A formal investigation of what caused the destruction of the three British battle cruisers at Jutland was later conducted, but it was officially disregarded for political reasons.” (4) Perhaps the last line in this excerpt is the most troubling while at the same time the most compelling: This is “stone cold” evidence of adaptive culture. Here, we see the critical element: The tacit approval of the controlling authority is clearly present and documented. In this case, the British Admiralty knew not only about the improper handling of ammunition and powder charges, but they authorized the requisition of 50 percent more powder than the basic design load allowed for, thereby fulfilling a key element of adaptive culture. Further, the inquiry that would have exposed this failure was suppressed. The failure to learn from their mistakes would manifest itself in the initial stages of World War II when, once again, a British battle cruiser—the HMS Hood—was blown out of the water with a loss of all but three crew members as it confronted the mighty German battleship Bismarck. This is the same lesson we get from every National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health report on a fire service LODD. The circumstances and critical elements are all too often well-known and predictable. Although the Battle of Jutland provides a tragic, historic example of how disastrous adaptive culture can be, it isn’t hard to find examples of this toxic process playing out in today’s modern fire service. Budgets are about money, and battles are about people. At least one-half of the 6,000 British sailors who died in the Battle of Jutland were victims of their desire to maintain the high traditions of their service while simultaneously dealing with outside pressure to do more with less. The American fire service culture is equally strong and proud. It’s time we learn from history. 1. Lazarus. (December 16, 2014). The Enduring Myth of the Fragile Battle Cruiser. Retrieved August 22, 2017, from 2. Rouse M. (August 2014). What is the Hawthorne effect?–Definition from Retrieved August 21, 2017, from 3. Peck M. (September 13, 2015). Battle cruisers: The Glass-Jawed Warship that Failed. Retrieved August 22, 2017, from cruisers-the-glass-jawed-warship-failed-13828. 4. Fowler JT. (July 13, 2017). Maritime Risk and Safety: Battle of Jutland Exposed Flaws in British Naval Procedures. Retrieved August 22, 2017, from DENNIS MERRIGAN is a 25-plus-year veteran of and a deputy chief with the Philadelphia (PA) Fire Department and is assigned as its incident safety officer. No posts to display
Springe direkt zu Inhalt Monitoring the NDVI and NBR in the GEE Now that we have learned how to calculate the NDVI and NBR in different ways for different sensors, let us have a look on how to monitor them over longer time series, create charts for visualization and calculate areas. To do so, we are going to have a look at some code that lets us derive the NDVI and NBR of any Area of Interest we want from Landsat 8 data, beginning at the moment the sensor started transmitting. Please keep adding up the code snippets on the following pages for NDVI and NBR respectively, as they build up on each other. NDVI and NBR can be handled seperately, though. Also, please pay attention that the maps are not displayed by default to save processing time! To view the maps, simply toggle them on in the Layer-tab of the Map-Panel. Supporting videos can be found for the NDVI code. Everything shown can be handled the same way for the NBR, as it is basically the same code. It is advised to first work through the code, then watch the videos, as you will get a deeper understanding of the handled data and process steps. The videos are mainly focused on how to navigate the results. In case generating charts or calculating class areas produces an error, simply run the script again to fix it.
Discover Sydney: The Poster City for Australia To call Sydney iconic is an understatement. The poster city for Australia is all about the harbor, with its natural beauty as well as the Sydney Opera House and the Sydney Harbour Bridge. One of the largest and most beautiful natural harbors in the world, the setting could not be more glorious if an entire conglomerate of top-notch town planners had tried. Sydney’s ancient history goes back to some 50,000 years ago, when anthropologists believe the Aboriginal people first reached Sydney’s natural harbor, yet its more modern history does not start until 1770, when Captain James Cook landed at Botany Bay just south of Sydney and brought his tales of the long-sought and finally found Great Southern Land back to Britain. A few years later, with the American Revolution hampering the habit of transporting convicts from Britain to the Americas, it was decided that the land around Botany Bay would be suitable for future convict deportation. When the First Fleet of 11 ships landed on the southern coast, Captain Arthur Phillip deemed Botany Bay unsuitable due to its lack of fresh water, but he discovered a near perfect natural harbor a little farther up the coast, eventually deciding to settle at Sydney Cove, now Circular Bay. City skyline above Sydney Harbour on a sunny day. Sydney Harbour. Photo © Andrey Bayda/123rf. Sydney Cove, and with it Sydney itself, was named after Captain Phillip’s superior, Lord Sydney, and the day of the arrival of the First Fleet, on January 26, 1788, has gone down in history as the annually celebrated Australia Day. The first settlers were not terribly well chosen to establish a new colony in the land down under, with no carpenters, smiths, or even farmers among the officers or the convicts, but inroads were made due to teamwork, the need to survive, and sheer determination. More and more voluntary settlers arrived together with regular supply ships from the homeland, trade routes were established with the Americas and Asia, and the wealth of the new world began to show in imposing buildings commissioned by Governor Lachlan Macquarie (governor of New South Wales from 1810 to 1821). The discovery of gold in the mid-1800s further drew more settlers and established the wealth and grandeur of Sydney. Today, Australia’s largest city has nearly five million inhabitants. Sydney spreads itself sumptuously along its sunken river valley, hemmed by some of the world’s most expensive real estate. Being the financial capital of the country, the first stop for most visitors and would-be immigrants, the media hub, and the entrepreneurial engine of the entire continent, Sydney not only attracts money, it also demands it. Just recently, Sydney was named one of the most expensive cities of the world to live in. Pricey or not, people come to Sydney and fall in love. The beauty of the harbor, the majestic buildings in the town center (Central Business District or CBD) harking back to prosperous times that started back in the early 1800s, and the proximity of some of the world’s most famous and surfable beaches along the Pacific coast, together with the city being the hub from where to reach the rest of this rather large country, all make for a popular gateway to Australia and a stunning city in its own right. More than a third of Sydney’s population was born outside Australia, and most Australians descend from immigrants themselves, so the feeling in the city is one of a worldly cosmopolitan metropolis—a metropolis where at every turn you hear a different language, can enjoy a vast array of cuisines, and have great shopping. Still it is a very historic city, even if this is a relative term when you think how young the modern history of Australia is. Just as in Manhattan, it pays to look up and marvel at the variety of architecture: You have the imposing Victorian buildings, majestic Art Deco towers, and stunning modern high-rises. Sydney is a great mixing and melting pot of people and styles. It is stunning and mostly sunny, offering beaches, pavements, history, and modernity. It captivates you. And often doesn’t let you go again, as most of the recent immigrants to this Lucky Country can pay testament to.
Select Country Ethical Hacking Ethical Hacking courses provided by iLEARN Featured products In this showcase you will find a selection of training courses and exams in the Ethical Hacking context. Search course/exam or BROWSE OUR FULL CATALOGUE The term ‘Hacker’ was coined in the 1960s at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology to describe experts who used their skills to re-develop mainframe systems, increasing their efficiency and allowing them to multi-task. Nowadays, the term routinely describes skilled programmers who gain unauthorized access into computer systems by exploiting weaknesses or using bugs, motivated either by malice or mischief. For example, a hacker can create algorithms to crack passwords, penetrate networks, or even disrupt network services. Protection against cybercrime is a must. Companies and governments globally are facing an ever-increasing risk of cybercrime as every day cyber-attacks become more aggressive and extreme. Current annual cost from cybercrime to the global economy run into billions of dollars and this will only increase. Organizations need to take more measures to protect their assets. Ethical Hacking is such a measure: a well-known method of duplicating the intent and actions of malicious hackers in order to locate, evaluate and resolve hardware and software vulnerabilities. This is the only true way to test for resilience to cybercrime. Learning Ethical Hacking involves studying the mindset and techniques of hackers and testers to learn how to identify and correct vulnerabilities within networks. Studying ethical hacking can be applied by security pros across industries and in a multitude of sectors. This sphere includes network defender, risk management, and quality assurance tester. However, the most obvious benefit of learning ethical hacking is its potential to inform, improve and defend corporate networks. The primary threat to any organization's security is a hacker: learning, understanding, and implementing how hackers operate can help network defenders prioritize potential risks and learn how to remediate them best. Additionally, getting an ethical hacking training or certifications can benefit those who are seeking a new role in the security realm or those wanting to demonstrate skills and quality to their organization. iLEARN offers the following certification pathways in the Ethical Hacking area: EXIN Ethical Hacking • EXIN Ethical Hacking Foundation SECO Institute Ethical Hacking Foundation SECO Institute Ethical Hacking Foundation offers an intensive hands-on introduction to ethical hacking. The course has been specifically designed for beginners with little or no programming experience. In Ethical Hacking Foundation, you will learn to hack by doing it in a risk-free virtual lab environment. You will understand how hackers think and work, and you will try your hand at various hacking techniques, including Wi-Fi hacking, web vulnerability scanning, SQL injection, password cracking and file inclusion. At the end of the course, you will use your newly acquired hacking skills to perform a basic black-box penetration test. EXIN official website - Ethical Hacking Frequently Asked Questions Open the FAQ > Open the FAQ > Open the FAQ > Open the FAQ > Open the FAQ > Open the FAQ > Open the FAQ > logo footer iCONS - Innovative Consulting S.r.l. Galleria J.F. Kennedy 10/A 20831 Seregno (MB) - Italy 0039 0362 330107 ISO 9001 Logo CSQ 2020 © iCONS - Innovative Consulting S.r.l.
Ruby on Rails has a present? method with a simple purpose. It returns true if a value is not false, empty, or a whitespace string. So if you need to make sure something has any kind of value beforehand, present? is useful. Now for a tricky question: what would 0.present? return? My first answer is false, since in my mind, 0 is an empty number. Also because 0 is a mean number that gives nothing to those around it. 0 will even destroy everything you love if you dare to multiply it. Yet all attempts to remove 0 have failed since it then threatens to divide anything by itself and destroy the universe. So we're stuck with this monster. But it turns out I'm wrong! 0.present? returns true. Here's what Rails itself tells us, along with some other values for context. 0.present? # true 1.present? # true -1.present? # true "".present? # false [].present? # false nil.present? # false I refused to believe this for a while. 0 seemed beyond redemption for me. But think of it this way. Say someone filled out a form asking "how many cups of ice cream did you eat today?" Would 0 be the default value? No, the input would be empty so it'd likely be nil. Someone entering 0 because they sadly ate no ice cream that day is a valid answer. So, 0 being present? makes sense. That doesn't mean I'm ever going to like 0. It knows what it did.
A pulsar is a rapidly rotating neutron star that emits a radio-frequency beam that sweeps through space like a lighthouse beacon. In the graphic, 80 consecutive pulses—recorded at a frequency of 318 megahertz—are stacked. One pulse (shown from left to right) lasts about 0.04 second, with peak intensity near the center. Pulses occur every 1.337 seconds. In 1979 the chart took a big step into public consciousness. Designer Peter Saville featured a white-on-black version as cover art for the English rock band Joy Division's Unknown Pleasures album, with no band name, album title or other identifiers—a bold move. On Scientific American's 175th anniversary we honor Craft's work and a data visualization that made the leap from student research to pop culture icon. Stacked line chart displays incoming radio waves from pulsar CP1919 Credit: Harold D. Craft, Jr.; Source: “The Nature of Pulsars,” by Jeremiah P. Ostriker, in Scientific American, Vol. 224; No. 1; January 1971, modified from “Radio Observations of the Pulse Profiles and Dispersion Measures of Twelve Pulsars,” by Harold D. Craft, Jr.; September 1970 Cover of January, 1971 issue of Scientific American magazine Scientific American
The role of moisturizers in treating dermatitis Back Back The role of moisturizers in treating dermatitis By Skin & Hair Academy \| July 28, 2021 29 • • • 0 • Atopic dermatitis is commonly referred to as eczema. It is a condition that results in inflammation of the skin and causes itchiness, cracking and roughness. For especially aggressive cases of eczema, stronger remedies like topical medications may have to be utilized. However, most cases of eczema are usually mild and can be managed with appropriate treatment and moisturisers. In this blog, we'll explain how to use moisturisers for dermatitis, along with some other tips and tricks to help manage the condition. But first, let's understand what causes atopic dermatitis. Understanding Atopic Dermatitis And Its Causes Atopic dermatitis or eczema is quite common among infants and children. Depending on one’s age, it shows different symptoms such as dry skin, flaking, itchy patches, rashes, and blisters that are sometimes filled with a fluid-like substance. Eczema can persist for long periods, and its symptoms can return due to other skin conditions or triggers such as pollution, fragrances, and food items such as dairy and nuts. Eczema is usually genetic but is also caused due to multifarious environmental factors. Some of these factors include: • Irritants such as toiletries that contain fragrances, soaps, washing powder, alcohol, and germicides • The presence of microbes and viruses, allergens such as pollen, dust, mites, pet hair, and fungus • Not maintaining proper hygiene habits such as not showering after exercising and sweating • Hormonal changes during a menstrual cycle The Dangers Of Dry Skin For Dermatitis When it comes to treating atopic dermatitis, dry skin and environments can prove to be deleterious for your skin. Dry skin can worsen symptoms of atopic dermatitis. It not only increases the presence of cracked, sore, and flaky skin but also causes itchiness. This can make you subconsciously scratch on the affected skin, further worsening the condition. Hence, it is important to keep skin moisturized at all times. Using a humidifier to help alleviate the effects of a dry environment on your skin also helps. Using a moisturiser helps lock in the skin’s existing moisture, thereby preventing the development of severe atopic dermatitis. Which moisturiser Should You Use? There are many moisturisers that help relieve symptoms of eczema, but most of them can be listed into three categories depending on their oil content: ointments, creams, and lotions. As a rule of thumb, the more oil content present in the moisturisers, the more your skin stays protected against dry and inflamed skin. Generally, ointments have the highest oil content which creates a barrier for skin and keeps it moisturized for a long time. However, due to the high amount of oil present in them, ointments tend to have a thick and greasy consistency. Ointments are preferable in extremely dry areas or colder environments. Due to them being heavy, people staying in hot and humid areas do not prefer ointments for treating their dermatitis condition. Creams are also helpful in relieving symptoms of atopic dermatitis. As compared to ointments, creams contain slightly less amount of oil. Creams also work similar to that of ointments and help in locking in the skin's moisture, thus relieving symptoms such as dry and itchy skin. If you do not prefer the greasy and heavy texture of ointments or reside in a hot and humid environment, consider applying cream instead. Compared to ointments and creams, lotions contain the least amount of oil. Lotions are water-based moisturisers and contain very little oil. Due to their low oil content, lotions are not the most feasible option if for alleviating atopic dermatitis. If you have eczema and use lotions, your skin will not get the moisture it needs and dry out quickly, leading to inflamed and itchy skin. How to Relieve Eczema With Moisturiser Here's a guide on how and when to use moisturiser for dermatitis: 1. Try to apply moisturiser within three minutes of taking a shower. If moisturiser is not applied soon after a bath, your skin will dry out very soon and start to become flaky and itchy. 2. Whenever your skin starts to feel dry, itchy, or inflamed again, reapply a layer of moisturiser. Make sure your hands are clean to avoid infection. 3. While applying moisturiser to the affected areas, apply a moderately thick layer in a downward direction. There is no need to massage the moisturiser into the skin as it will get absorbed eventually. It is best to seek a dermatologist’s advice before choosing the right moisturiser to relieve symptoms of atopic dermatitis. However, as a rule of thumb, always read the ingredients list and rule out moisturisers that contain irritants such as fragrances, perfumes, dyes, etc., as they can aggravate itchiness and dryness. How To Treat Eczema Eczema conditions such as atopic dermatitis can be a continuing or a relapsing problem for many. Eczema is very common in infants and children and usually gets better with age, with symptoms going away by the time adolescence kicks in. Treatment is not always successful, and symptoms can reoccur. However, you can manage mild eczema with the following skin care tips: Barrier Repair Moisturisers As mentioned earlier, moisturisers go a long way in controlling and alleviating multiple symptoms of atopic dermatitis. If you're wondering how to treat eczema, consider using a barrier repair moisturiser for inflamed, sensitive skin. Barrier repair moisturisers usually come in the form of ointments. They protect sensitive skin for longer periods of time against environmental stressors that harm the skin’s natural barrier, leading to loss of moisture. Antibiotic Medications Depending on the severity of eczema, your doctor may even prescribe antibiotic medications. These include oral and topical medicines. Scratching on itchy skin which is already affected may lead to cracked, highly inflamed, and sore skin. This could result in an infection, thereby requiring antibiotic creams and pills to treat it. Foods to Avoid During Eczema If you’re suffering from eczema, then it is best to avoid eating the following food items: • Dairy • Nuts • Gluten-rich food • Soy and soy products • Citrus fruits • Eggs • Certain spices such as clove and cinnamon • Any food items that could trigger an allergic reaction Instead, opt for food items rich in anti-inflammatory properties, omega-3 fatty acids, and probiotics to treat the symptoms of eczema. In Conclusion If you notice patches of dry and inflamed skin on your body, there’s a good chance you have eczema or atopic dermatitis. This skin condition is usually mild and can be easily controlled if the dryness is treated. Using a good moisturiser is the best way to keep dry, itchy, and flaky skin at bay. However, to combat the symptoms of dermatitis, it is equally important to pick a moisturiser that perfectly suits your skin. A dermatologist can help you choose the best product to control the symptoms. 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What is the correct spelling for ETLAPSED? Correct spellings for ETLAPSED • elapsed A few minutes elapsed . • ellipsoid In like manner, physical geography teaches us by how many leagues p 48 the equatorial axis exceeds the polar axis of the globe, and shows us the mean equality of the flattening of the two hemispheres, without entailing on us the necessity of giving the detail of the measurement of the degrees in the meridian, or the observations on the pendulum, which have led us to know that the true figure of our globe is not exactly that of a regular ellipsoid of revolution, and that this irregularity is reflected in the corresponding irregularity of the movements of the moon. • outlast Steadily the number of rebels grew less; and while they took more lives than they gave, there were too many to outlast . • utilized The free oxygen of the air and the substances known as foods, on account of the chemical relations which they sustain to each other, contain potential energy and are utilized for supplying the body. • Eclipsed There are anecdotes told of Paganini's artistic contests with rival violinists, chief among whom were Lafont and Lipinski, both of whom he eclipsed, and of his playing a concerto in manuscript at sight, with the music upside down on the rack. • outpaced I tried hard to keep up with him, but he outpaced me and every horseman in his squadron. 264 words made from the letters ETLAPSED
[Skip to Content] Find care at Nemours Children's HealthDoctorsLocations • Listen You might need to get a pelvic exam, but it depends on how old you are and if you're having problems. People don't usually get their first pelvic exam until they are in their twenties, unless they're having problems like lower belly pain, abnormal discharge, or period trouble. Doctors recommend that girls start seeing a gynecologist between ages 13 and 15. Most of the time, teen gyn visits don't involve a pelvic exam. The doctor or nurse practitioner will decide if you need one based on your medical history and physical health. Everyone's different. STD tests don't always require a pelvic exam. Depending on what test you're getting, your doctor may be able to use a urine sample, blood sample, or a vaginal swab. Usually doctors only do a pelvic exam if there are specific symptoms that indicate a problem. If your doctor or nurse practitioner recommends one, a pelvic exam can prevent any problems from getting worse. *Names have been changed to protect user privacy. Date reviewed: December 2020
An unforgivable lynching Why such strong, sudden moves by elitist media giant ABC? An unforgivable lynching Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. December Learn how and when to remove this template message The persecution of ethnic Germans refers to systematic activity against groups of ethnic Germans based on their ethnicity. Historically, this has been due to two causes: While many victims of these persecutions did not, in fact, have any connection to those regimes, cooperation between German minority organisations and Nazi regime did occur, as the example of Selbstschutz shows, which is still used as a pretense of hostilities against those who did not take part in such organisations. Persecution of Hazara people The Hazara people of central Afghanistan have been persecuted by Afghan rulers at various times in the history. An unforgivable lynching Antiziganism and Porajmos Antiziganism is hostility, prejudicediscrimination or racism directed against the Romani people as an ethnic group, or people who are perceived as being of Romani heritage. The Porajmos was the planned and attempted effort, often described as a genocideduring World War II by the government of Nazi Germany and its allies to exterminate the Romani Gypsy people of Europe. Under the rule of Adolf Hitlera supplementary decree to the Nuremberg Laws was issued on 26 Novemberdefining Gypsies as "enemies of the race-based state", the same category as Jews. Thus, the fate of Roma in Europe in some ways paralleled that of the Jews. Persecution of people with albinism Persecution on the basis of albinism is frequently based on the belief that albinos are inferior to persons with higher concentration of melanin in their skin. Of people with autism[ edit ] Main article: Persecution of people with autism People with autism spectrum disorders have commonly been victims of persecution, both throughout history and in the present era. In Cameroon children with autism are commonly accused of witchcraft and singled out for torture and even death. LGBT[ edit ] The examples and perspective in this section may not represent a worldwide view of the subject. You may improve this articlediscuss the issue on the talk pageor create a new articleas appropriate. July Learn how and when to remove this template message A number of countries, especially those in the Western worldhave passed measures to alleviate discrimination against sexual minoritiesincluding laws against anti-gay hate crimes and workplace discrimination. Inthe United Nations passed its first resolution recognizing LGBT rights and, insame-sex marriage was legalized in all states of the United States. Murder by Gaslight: The Notorious Patty Cannon. Based on military service[ edit ] Persecution on the basis of army service or the lack of it operates in Israeli society. In the State of IsraelJewish citizens who receive an exemption from service in the Israel Defense Forces cannot take up many prestigious career options, especially in the field of security.(This column was written for the Unz Review) General Ratko Mladic, now 75, was sentenced last week to life in prison by the NATO kangaroo court known as the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY). Apr 21, · Lee Byung-soo, 47, the father of Lee Seok-joon, 15, one of the passengers killed aboard the sunken ferry Sewol, cries during an interview at a gymnasium in . Swift Justice: Murder & Vengeance In A California Town [Harry Farrell] on FREE shipping on qualifying offers. In , a nightmare shook the quiet town of San Jose, California, when a young man named Brooke Hart was abducted while leaving his father's department store. In . Roseanne's lynching is an insult to blacks Like Kanye, her “unforgivable” sin against the children of the lie (the liberal media, Democratic Party, RINOs and Never Trumpers) is . ALL WARS ARE BANKERS' WARS! Click here for PDF version of this article. By Michael Rivero "The most hated sort [of moneymaking], and with the greatest reason, is usury, which makes a gain out of money itself, and not from the natural use of it. Lynching In the photo “Lynching ” there is a crowd of people gathered around a tree, two African-American men are hanging from that tree, they are both dead. Lynching of African-Americans began to spread after the American Civil War . Kosovo will be liberated (UPDATED) \| The Vineyard of the Saker
Question: What happened to Meritaten? Death and burial The texts of its boundary stele mention that Meritaten was meant to be buried at Akhet-Aten (modern Amarna). Did Akhenaten marry his daughters? Plague hit Egypt during Akhenatens approximately 17-year reign (1353 to 1335 B.C.). So, Akhenaten married his eldest daughter, Meritaten. Then, he had the next eldest daughter, Ankhesenpaaten, marry Tut so that when Tut became king, she would be queen (it was common for Egyptian royalty to marry within the family). What happened to the second daughter of Akhenaten and Nefertiti? Meketaten died in approximately Year 14 of Akhenatens reign. If she did not die in childbirth as discussed above, she most likely died of a plague along with other members of the royal family. Was Nefertiti also Smenkhkare? Since coronation names are generally unique to one individual, it has been suggested that Smenkhkare is in fact Nefertiti herself, raised to kingly status to share the throne with her husband at the end of his life. What happened Queen Nefertiti? Nefertiti disappears from the historical record around the 12th year of Akhenatens 17-year reign. She may have died at that point, but it is possible she became her husbands official co-regent under the name Neferneferuaten. Which one of Nefertitis daughters died? Nefertitis Disappearance Around the year 14 of Akhenaten and Nefertitis reign, their daughter Mekitaten died in childbirth at the age of 13. An image in relief from the time shows the couple standing over their daughters body in mourning. Shortly after this, Nefertiti vanishes from the historical record. Who was first pharaoh of Egypt? Who was the most hated pharaoh in Egypt? AkhenatenAkhenaten Amenhotep IVStatue of Akhenaten at the Egyptian MuseumPharaohReign1353–1336 BC 1351–1334 BC (18th Dynasty of Egypt)PredecessorAmenhotep III12 more rows Write us Find us at the office Give us a ring Ikia Sic +22 849 242 866 Mon - Fri, 8:00-15:00 Join us
Saturday, June 23, 2018 agoraphobia - Agoraphobia is derived from the Latin word agora which means outdoor market, is a phobia with basic fears derived from feelings of being trapped in a public place, when a person will find it difficult to escape, and fear will not be available if someone has a panic attack. Although most people think that Agoraphobia is a fear of public places, it is now believed that Agoraphobia evolved from the complications of panic attacks. As a result, people with agoraphobia restrict their movement to places that feel safe, like in the home. However, there is evidence to suggest that a one-way causal relationship between spontaneous panic attacks and Agoraphobia in DSM-IV may be inappropriate.
2021-12-08 03:34:47 Find the results of " down ref volleyball hand signals " for you Volleyball Officials Hand Signals \| Set up for Volleyball So one very common hand signal that isn’t displayed on the chart but is regularly used is the set point hand gesture. When a team is on set point an official will clench a fist on the side of the team who has set point and hold it directly up in the air. This indicates to all players, officials and spectators that a team has set point. What are the hand signals for volleyball? In this manner, what are the referee hand signals in volleyball? Hand Signals Volleyball. Authorization for Service. The beckon for serve is the most used signal by the first referee. Loss of Rally. Extend the arm on the side of the team that won the rally. Ball In. Ball Out. Ball Touched. Line Fault (Hand Signals Volleyball) Catch. Down Ref Volleyball Hand Signals - Image Results More Down Ref Volleyball Hand Signals images Volleyball Ref Signals (Check Out Some Of The Ref Signals In ... What Are The Referee Hand Signals In Volleyball? 1. Authorization for service. The most used signal by the first referee is the beckon for serve. 2. Ball in. 3. Ball Touched 4. Ball out. 5. Catch 6. Loss of Rally. Referees extend the arm to the side that won the rally 7. Double contact (hand signals Volleyball) 8. Line Fault (Hand Signals Volleyball) Officials Hand Signals for Indoor - USA Volleyball Slowly lift the forearm, palm of the hand facing upward. Raise two fingers, spread open. Raise four fingers, spread open. Indicate the respective side of the net. Place a hand above the net, palm facing downward. Make a downward motion with the forearm, hand open. Point to the center line or to the respective line. Raise both thumbs vertically. Volleyball Referee Signals for Officiating Volleyball Official USA Volleyball Hand Signals. Ball Not Released This signal is for when the ball isn't released from the hand at the moment of service contact or if the server doesn't execute the service properly. The motion starts at the thigh and there is less bend at the elbow. Extend the arm with the palm up. Start at the thigh and end at the waist. Avoid making the signal look like the catch signal. Videos for Down Ref Volleyball Hand Signals See more videos for Down Ref Volleyball Hand Signals Down Ref Volleyball Referee Instruction R2 does not whistle, but discreetly signals to R1 when... Double contacts or 4 team contacts has occurred; In the R2's judgment, lift or prolonged contact of the ball; Back row attack has occurred; Back row block has occurred; Note: R1 may prefer the down ref to whistle and make the call on obvious back row attacks and obvious back row blocks. Also, if the R1 is screened out of the play, the R1 may like the R2 to whistle when the ball clearly contacts the floor. Volleyball Hand Signals - YouTube http://www.futurevolleyballplayers.com/How To Get Recruited: http://tinyurl.com/mckmpq3 Volleyball Second Referee Techniques When signaling, the referee is standing on the side of the net of the player that committed the fault. The correct sequence is point to the line, point to the player, then point with an open hand toward the team that wins the point. Out Signal. Whistle and signal when the ball is outside your antenna.
Guide to Buddhism: Preface Self-assessing your current mental health Before we dive into the core teachings of Buddhism, there are a few important topics to cover. First, how are you feeling at this very moment of existence? How do you feel on average? If we are being honest, the answer is probably not that great or good but not perfect. For most of us, there’s a basic unhappiness running through our lives, which sometimes manifests as grief, anger, disappointment or depression. However, for most of us, this feeling is much more subtle and results in a general sense that we are never fully satisfied and that you can’t seem to ever get things to go perfect. Our lives, for the most part, are strung out between the thirst for pleasure and the fear of pain. We pass our days running after the one and running away from the other. Most of us experience a roller coaster of highs and lows every day and ever week. But do no worry! Buddhism is an extremely optimistic religion and provides a detailed, time-tested path of delivering inner peace. You and you alone can discover true, sustained peacefulness and contentment. The only requirements are to start down the path and to continue. Character building and mental training People often ask what they must do to become a true, genuine Buddhist. Or they ask, what is the basic message or essence of Buddhism. Put as simply as possible, the answer is: “Nothing should be grasped at or clung to.” So if we know that grasping and clinging causes our unhappiness, then how do we put into practice this non-grasping and non-clinging? Buddha answered this question for us and explained as follows: When you see a visual object, just see it. When you hear a sound with your ear, just hear it. When you smell an odor with your nose, just smell it. When you taste something with your tongue, just taste it. When you experience a sensation with your skin and body, just experience that sensation. Lastly, when a mental object or though arises in your mind, just know it. The goal is to make the observation, to have awareness and to experience the moment but to then to stop right there and let it go. This is what we mean when we discuss mindfulness later in the guide. The complete practice of Buddhism or the recipe for creating a calm mind can be summarized below. First, you should refrain from evil acts and endeavor to do good, positive ones. Second, you should live simply by keeping to your basic needs. Lastly, you should purify your mind be eliminating your greed and anger by developing wisdom. This last step is accomplished by observing and understanding the three universal truths of impermanence, unsatisfactoriness and non-self. Once you understand these concepts, then you will see the truth – that your grasping at things and clinging to them is what causes your suffering. The mental and physical components The journey towards inner peace is an integrated therapy that is comprised of a physical treatment as well as a psychological one. The psychological portion is comprised of mental components which can be established in the mind simply through determination and effort. The physical portion is addressed through the cultivation of moral speed and action. The Dalai Lama summarized the concept well by saying that the ultimate source of happiness is simply having a healthy body and a healthy mind. A calm mind is a healthy mind. The path to inner peace cover every aspect of life: the intellectual, the ethical, the social, the economic, and the psychological. The steps therefore contain everything a person needs to lead a good life and to develop spiritually. We should aim to possess skills and competences that make us a good human being. This means living in a way that is exemplary and praiseworthy so that we inspire others to lead a similar lifestyle. It may sound easy, but you must purify your mind by eliminating your cravings, not just suppressing them. This means the cessation of craving, its forsaking and abandonment, liberation and detachment from your thirst. We all possess the mental ability to achieve true internal peace. It doesn’t cost any money. You don’t have to be a genius. There are no gurus to follow or magic charms. You don’t have to leave your common sense at the door. Non-formal guide All materials are based on the traditional Teachings of Buddha no school or sect of Buddhism is emphasized on this website. Where non-critical to the teachings of Buddhism, we have dispensed with the strict formalities and order of traditional Buddhist teachings. This allows the material to hopefully be presented in a more intuitive and easier to understand format. The primary materials used for this website are located under our Bookshelf Page and may be downloaded for free. All credit for the written materials on this website are given to the authors of these books and articles. This website does not purport to be the originator of these Buddhist concepts but is merely attempting to present the ideas in a slightly different way and order. Buddha discovered enlightenment, he didn’t invent it If you think about it, there really are no inventors of anything, only explorers and discoverers. If a method or idea is possible given the laws of the universe, then it is permanently in existence. Whether something exists isn’t dependent on whether humans have or have not discovered it. Even if we never discovery it, it still exists; we just don’t know of it. This idea of discovery vs invention can be compared to ground water which permanently exists in the ground. When a person wishes to dig a well, he must dig down deep enough to reach the ground water. The ground water is already there. He does not create the water, he just discovers it. Similarly, the Buddha did not invent the path to inner peace. He merely revealed what was already true and available. The path existed before Buddha’s life, during his life 2,500 years ago, and it exists in this moment and in all future moments. By following the path discovered and set forth by Buddha, you can save time by avoiding mistakes. The teachings of Buddha provide an invaluable guide and will support as you move from hearing the teachings to learning from your own experience. If you try practicing alone without any guidance from others, your journey will be slower and more likely to fail. Don’t try to rediscover the wheel but developing your own path to inner peace. Buddha already discovered the path and chose to share it with the world. Steady and persistent practice is required All the teachings in this guide are merely a means to help the mind see the truth. If we haven’t seen the truth, we will suffer. No one can do the practice for you because the truth is something you cannot put into words or give away. Accepting, giving up, and letting go — This is the way to peace. If you don’t let go, then you will suffer. If you can let go just a little, then you will have a little peace. If you let go a lot, you will have a lot of peace. And if you can let go completely, then you will find absolute peace. Liberation from suffering and true peace of mind is guaranteed when there is steady and persistent practice. However, requires your continuous effort though gradual practice and gradual progress, without expecting quick results. No one can do the work for you. See Buddhism: The Do-It-Yourself (DIY) Religion for a more detailed discussion on your pace of practice. Next: Step 1: The Life of Buddha
Skip to main content Peptide-based diodes for solar cells Article Category Article available in the folowing languages: Bio-inspired solar technology Following nature's example, scientists used peptides and photosynthetic components instead of semiconductor materials to ultimately convert light into electrical charge in solar cells. The resulting cells should be much thinner and lighter than existing solar panels and could eventually be used to make more efficient panels. Scientists within the PEPDIODE (Peptide-based diodes for solar cells) project developed a modular biomimetic system of molecules acting as light harvesters and electron guides. Peptide-based diodes allowed the unidirectional flow of electrons. They were coupled to tailor-made building blocks that tunnel electrons to photosynthetic modules to produce a photocurrent-generating device. The team successfully developed the technology to synthesise dense peptide arrays with a peptide laser printer. It successfully manufactured 10 000 peptides per square centimetre (cm2) and transferred them to a recipient solid support. In addition, partners succeeded in coupling the peptide arrays to a measuring chip. They also demonstrated the first proof of principle that could synthesise high-density peptide arrays – 25 million/cm2 – in small cavities. Specifically, scientists produced a nano-structured surface of 10 000 spots/cm2 of a synthetic amino acid fluorophore that can absorb light at specific wavelengths. Importantly, they created a process to make gold surfaces on individual pixel electrodes with excellent electrical contact to the complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) component – a major achievement given that gold is not compatible with CMOS processing. The chip could also measure I-V characteristics of all peptides in the array simultaneously. Investigators developed protein scaffolds and peptide sequences that can be used to fix chromophores and reaction centres at defined distances from each other. These can also be used to self-assemble artificial reaction centres, light-harvesting units, and peptide-based diodes at defined sub-nano-scale distances, ultimately enabling cheap self-assembled, modular solar cells with most parts of the modules being built in Escherichia coli. The team also used small molecules that were expressed in a recombinant manner to find molecules that relay excited states to nearby chromophores. In addition, it investigated a small protein that could coordinate a pair of chlorophylls similar to the special pair in the photosystem reaction centres. PEPDIODE technology will open the door to low-cost, high-efficiency organic solar cells to produce electricity much more economically than conventional power plants and with major benefits for the environment. Peptides, solar cells, PEPDIODE, biomimetic, light harvesters Discover other articles in the same domain of application
Page:Philosophical Transactions - Volume 096.djvu/290 From Wikisource Jump to navigation Jump to search This page has been proofread, but needs to be validated. a Mr. Flinders's Observations mercury fell with some rapidity down to 29,65 with the wind from ESE. It was eight o'clock at night, and we prepared for a gale from that quarter; but at ten, the wind suddenly shifted to WNW, coming very light off the land. On its veering gradually round to SSW, clear of the land, at noon, 23d, it freshened, and the weather became thick; yet the mercury had then risen to 29,84, and at eight in the evening to 29,95, though the wind then blew strong. It continued to rise to 30,16 as the wind shifted round to SE, and fine weather came on; but on the wind passing round to ENE and NNE, which was off the land, the mercury fell back to 29,73, though the weather was fine and the wind moderate. On a sudden shift of wind to the SW, a fresh breeze with hazy weather, it again began to ascend, and a similar routine of wind, producing nearly the same effects upon the barometer, again took place. The effect of sea winds in raising the mercury, in opposition to a strong breeze, and of land winds in depressing it, though they were light, was here exemplified in two remarkable instances. 4th. In the neighbourhood of the Isle of St. Francis of Nuyts, longitude 133½° east of Greenwich, we experienced a considerable change in the barometer. For nine days in January and February the wind continued to blow .constantly, though moderately, from the eastward, mostly from the SE. It appeared like a regular trade-wind or monsoon, but so far partook of the nature of sea and land breezes, as commonly to shift more to the southward in the day, and to blow more from east and NE in the night. The weather was very hazy during these nine days; so much so, that for six of them no observation of the sun's altitude, worthy of confidence, could
Site: Sevilleta LTER Credit: Anny Chung Researchers at SEV LTER led efforts to characterize fungi and bacteria in drylands and document their responses to environmental change. SEV LTER pioneered new assays of microbial function, including carbon use efficiency and ecoenzymatic stoichiometry. They quantified how microbes in roots maintain plant species coexistence and temporal stability in plant communities and how biological soil crusts affect community and ecosystem dynamics.
How Fast Does A Lion Move? How Fast Does A Lion Move? Lions can run 50 mph Do lions move fast? Lions can run 50 mph How fast can a lion go per hour? At a maximum speed of 81 km/h (50.3 mph), the lion ranks second among the fastest land animals in the whole of Africa. Pipped only by the cheetah who can reach a mind-boggling 120 km/h (74 mph), the lion can consider itself quicker than most. How Fast Does A Lion Move – Related Questions What are lions afraid of? “They’re the least afraid of anything of all the predators,” says Craig Packer, an ecologist with the University of Minnesota and one of the world’s foremost lion experts. Though female lions hunt gazelles and zebras, male lions are in charge of hunting large prey that must be taken down with brute force. Will a Tiger beat a lion? Are Lions faster than tigers? What is the fastest water animal on earth? Perhaps you know that the fastest animal in the sea, the sailfish, cruises through the water at 68 mph. In the sky, the peregrine falcon reigns supreme. Wings folded as the bird plummets through the air, it reaches 220 mph to divebomb unsuspecting prey with the advantage of gravity. Do lions fear humans? What to do if a lion is chasing you? Who would win in a fight lion or cheetah? Lions are more powerful than cheetahs, but not as fast on their feet. Both cheetahs and lions have about 20% more powerful muscles, 37% greater acceleration and 72% greater deceleration capacity than their prey. The cats are successful in about a third of hunts, using a combination of stealth and speed. Who can defeat lion? #1: Elephant — Big Body and a Big Brain Which animal is tiger afraid of? Tigers are afraid of animals that are larger in size, like elephants, bears, hyenas, and leopards. Crocodiles may even kill a tiger with the help of its sharp jaw. They are also afraid of dholes, which are wild Asiatic dogs, as these dogs are fierce and roam around in a group. What is the bravest animal in the world? The honey badger has been called the world’s most fearless animal because it doesn’t hesitate to attack animals much larger than itself- even lions and crocodiles! Honey badgers are found in arid grasslands and savannahs and even rainforests. They live in burrows in the ground. Who is the real king of the jungle? Who is smarter lion or tiger? An experiment conducted on all four species of big cats has shown that lions are smarter than tigers. Lions could solve tasks and puzzles that tigers couldn’t. In fact, based on the results of solving various cognitive tasks, lions have proved to be the smartest big cats. Was there ever a Black Tiger? Which is more aggressive lion or tiger? Is a Jaguar stronger than a tiger? What is the slowest creature? Which animal is the king of water? How fast can Sheep Run mph? How fast can a sheep run? At the most, a sheep can run at a speed of 40 kph or 20 mph. Should you look a lion in the eyes? Do lions eat people? Lions typically become man-eaters for the same reasons as tigers: starvation, old age and illness, though as with tigers, some man-eaters were reportedly in perfect health. Man-eating lions studies indicate that African lions eat humans as a supplement to other food, not as a last resort. How do you fight off a mountain lion? If the mountain lion acts aggressively, throw stones at or near it; convince it that you could be dangerous. You can also use a hunting rifle or pistol to fire at the lion if it makes a charge at you. You should first attempt to fire a warning shot to scare off the lion before it attacks.
How Many Snakes Coil Before Striking? How Many Snakes Coil Before Striking? Gaps in your home’s foundation “Snakes can get into your home through a gap the size of a pencil,” says Troyano. “It’s important to close up any holes, cracks, or crevices in the home, especially near the crawl space. Drainage areas are a perfect entry point for snakes.” How to tell if there’s a snake in your house? If you find a dry, scaly sheet of the skin or a crumpled heap somewhere close to an entrance into the walls of your home or small space areas. If you are inspecting a dusty area or crawl space, you might notice slither tracks that indicate where a snake has traveled. Snakes have a distinctive smell that is noticeable. Why do snakes sometime enter our house? Snakes wander into homes in search of prey and nesting sites or find themselves inside purely by accident. Since the pests cannot chew or dig, they must gain entrance through small holes and cracks at ground level. Once inside, the pests travel throughout houses inside walls, pipes, and around trusses. Where do snakes make their homes? Snakes will seek shelter in practically any stable place that is hidden from view and provides protection from the elements and potential predators. They may shelter in underground rodent burrows or dens; under rocks, logs or bushes; in stumps or root systems; in tree knots and joints; or under sand, debris or gravel. How Many Snakes Coil Before Striking – Related Questions What attracts snakes to your house? What smell do snakes hate? Can snakes come through the toilet? Can you smell a snake in your house? Spotting a snake Why do baby snakes come in the house? Snakes enter a building because they’re lured in by dark, damp, cool areas or in search of small animals, like rats and mice, for food. During cold months, snakes often try to enter crawl spaces, cellars, sheds and basements. Once a snake is inside, it can be difficult to find. What time of day are snakes out? What time of day are snakes most active? Snakes are most active in the early mornings on spring and summer days when the sun is warming the earth. Snakes turn in for the evening, sleeping at night. Do snakes lay eggs in houses? If you’ve got a snake nest in the attic, it’s most likely a rat snake. I have seen both Yellow Rat Snakes and Corn Snakes lay eggs inside an attic, and when the young hatch, you’ve got an infestation of at least 20 baby snakes inside the house! Will cats keep snakes away? Cats can keep snakes away but it’s not always the case, although snakes will always try to avoid them. If a snake is provoked or cornered it won’t hesitate to strike and injure a cat, even killing it especially if it’s the venomous kind. Do snakes return to the same place? Do moth balls repel snakes? Will lemon juice keep snakes away? Citrus Solution Can snakes climb walls? Where do snakes go at night? Where do snakes hide in houses? A key way to catch a snake on your property is knowing where they hide. Snakes will often cozy up near heat or water sources. These reptiles are often fond of small places, like boxes, and can be found near or behind appliances. Other species like to find high and out-of-reach areas, so be wary of any ledges. What happens if you flush a snake down the toilet? Can a dog smell a snake? What does snake pee smell like? You may also be able to pick up on the scent of a snake’s droppings. “Snake excrements smell quite similar to any other animal’s excrements,” Martin explains. “If a snake is well-hydrated, you’re not likely to smell its pee, but a poorly hydrated animal will produce stinky slime.” Can you smell a snake? Yes, you can smell certain Snakes,Snakes can smell different depending on the species of snake but they are often described as musky. The Garter Snake has been said to have a cloying smell and Copperhead snakes are said to smell like cucumbers, although many say this is a myth. How do you get rid of baby snakes in the house? Use fine metal mesh to cover vent holes and crawl spaces, and fill other gaps with spray foam. Use door sweeps and weather stripping to seal off gaps under your doors. Rodents and other small animals are a smorgasbord for snakes, so eliminate other pests to keep snakes away. What month do snakes come out? When is snake season? The rule of thumb in North America is that snakes are most active from April to October and hibernate during the cold months outside of that range. What kind of snake will chase you? According to folklore, the coachwhip – a non-venomous snake that is surprisingly swift – will pursue and attack a person, squeezing its victim in its coils and lashing him to death with its tail.
How To Hatch Frog Eggs Indoors? How To Hatch Frog Eggs Indoors? Can frog eggs survive in tap water? Once this has been absorbed fully and they become hungry, they will swim around your pond looking for food. Please note here that if you want to keep them in a tank, the water must be rainwater. Tadpoles will die in tap water as the PH balance is not stable (the water is too hard for them to survive). Do frog eggs need to be in water? Most frogs’ lay their eggs in water, but there are exceptions. Frog eggs do not have a shell, so they need some kind of moisture to keep them from drying out until they hatch. What month do frog eggs hatch? Green frogs, a common frog in our region, will start breeding and laying eggs in April and continue into the end of summer. Their eggs will hatch after just a few days, the tiny new tadpoles wriggling out of the egg jelly to spend the summer eating detritus at the bottom of the pond. How To Hatch Frog Eggs Indoors – Related Questions Can frog eggs be moved? Depending on the age of the eggs, they may either have large black dots in the center or tiny forming tadpoles. While the eggs may look very fragile, in fact, they are quite resilient and are easy to handle. You can simply scoop them up and move them about as you like. What does frog eggs look like in water? While toads’ eggs are attached to grass or leaves near water edges, in long parallel strands that resemble strands of black beads, frogs spread their eggs on water surfaces in large, round clusters. The embryos in frogs’ eggs appear like black spots in the middle of transparent gel-like globules. Can tadpoles live in tap water? Do not use tap water, because chlorine is toxic to tadpoles. Use rainwater from a water butt or pond water. Tuck some pondweed into the gravel to oxygenate the water. How do you know if tadpole eggs are dead? A healthy, living tadpole should swim around in the water. Its tail should always move. If the tadpole doesn’t move its tail for 15 to 20 minutes and it is floating somewhat lopsidedly in the water, it’s dead. A dead tadpole might sink to the bottom of the tank, according to Aquatic Frogs ( Is bottled water safe for tadpoles? Use only bottled Spring Water to grow tadpoles. NEVER use tap water. Leave an inch or so airspace at the top so your tadpole can breathe. Feed one LEVEL spoon of Stage One Food every day. Who eats frog eggs? Smaller Predators Predators such as leeches, dragonflies, dragonfly larvae, newts, diving beetles and other large water bugs eat frog eggs. Most of them eat tadpoles as well, especially the smaller tadpoles. When should I release my baby frogs? Froglets leave the water when they are fully developed and do not need a pond until they are adults and ready to breed, usually after two or three years. It’s best to release them near the original puddle as long as there is plenty of vegetation for them to shelter in. Can you keep tadpoles in a jar? Bring 2 clean jars with screw tops. frogspawn or some tadpoles. Use the second jar to top up the water. water from the pond. Does the frog have teeth? 11 ) Most frogs have teeth, although usually only on their upper jaw. The teeth are used to hold prey in place until the frog can swallow it. It is also sometimes called the strawberry dart frog. Why are my tadpoles not turning into frogs? Sometimes frog and toad tadpoles have a genetic abnormality which means that they will remain as tadpoles for their whole lives. If a tadpole lacks the gene which produces the growth hormone thyroxine they will be unable to metamorphose into froglets or toadlets. What stimulates a female frog to release eggs? The amplexus embrace between frogs stimulates the female to release her eggs which she expels in the form of a gelatinous mass. The contractions from the female thereby stimulate the male to pray the eggs with sperm, fertilizing them. How long does it take a frog to turn into an egg? Frogs eggs hatch anywhere from three to 25 days after they are laid. Most hatch not into frogs, but into fish-like tadpoles, complete with gills and a tail. Round, neckless creatures, tadpoles eat voraciously to fuel their metamorphosis into frogs. What month do you get tadpoles? As the months pass into April and May, you should be able to spot dramatic changes at the edges of your local pond as tadpoles slowly change into frogs. Where do frogs poop? Frogs excrete or poop anywhere they want when they feel like. They are not like humans. Frogs can even poop in pool water or when parched on walls. What do I feed tadpoles? Tadpoles eat their own eggs, algae, the leaves and roots of aquatic plants, insect larvae and dark leafy greens. Generally, you should feed pet tadpoles boiled and chopped vegetables such as cabbage, baby spinach, or cucumbers once a day. Can you touch tadpole eggs? However, many eggs and tadpoles look alike, so make sure to consult with your local DNR or nature center to collect them for you. Avoid touching tadpoles or froglets if possible and always wash your hands first if touching is unavoidable. What eggs look like frog eggs? Pickerel frog eggs look very similar to northern leopard frog eggs, with egg masses around 3-4 inches in diameter and embryos also salt-grain size. However, rather than the embryos being black on top and white on bottom like leopard frog eggs, pickerel eggs are brown on top and yellow on the bottom. What is the difference between frog eggs and toad eggs? While frogs have smooth or slimy skin that is moist, toads have thicker, bumpy skin that is usually dry. Both frogs and toads lay their eggs in water, but you might be able to tell them apart by the egg arrangement. Frog eggs are usually one mass or cluster, while toad eggs are usually arranged in a chain. Why do my tadpoles keep dying? The death of tadpoles is often related to a lack of oxygen in the water, usually caused by a sudden algal bloom. If there has been some warm weather and the water has turned green, this indicates that there is a lot of algae growing in the water. Can tadpoles eat bread? Yes, tadpoles eat bread crumbs, but this does not mean that they should be fed them. Bread crumbs have little nutritional value, are not naturally found in the wild, and are not compatible with their digestive tract. How do you revive a dead frog?
Frequent question: What Bible says about Israel? What was Israel called in the Bible? According to the biblical Book of Genesis the patriarch Jacob was given the name Israel (Hebrew: יִשְׂרָאֵל‎, Standard Yisraʾel Tiberian Yiśrāʾēl) after he wrestled with the angel (Genesis 32:28 and 35:10). The given name is already attested in Eblaite ( , išrail) and Ugaritic ( , yšrʾil). What did God promise Israel? The promised land The land of Canaan then became known as Israel. Israel was named after Abraham’s grandson and is often referred to as the promised land because God promised to give the land to the descendants of Abraham. What happened to Israel in the Bible? The Kingdom of Israel was crushed by the Assyrians (722 BCE) and its people carried off into exile and oblivion. Over a hundred years later, Babylonia conquered the Kingdom of Judah, exiling most of its inhabitants as well as destroying Jerusalem and the Temple (586 BCE). What does the Bible mean by Israelites? “Israelites” (Yisraelim) refers to the people whom the Hebrew Bible describes specifically as the direct descendants of any of the sons of the patriarch Jacob (later called Israel), and his descendants as a people are also collectively called “Israel”, including converts to their faith in worship of the national god of … IMPORTANT: Best answer: What is the name of an Israeli dance? Why is Israel the Holy Land? For Christians, the Land of Israel is considered holy because of its association with the birth, ministry, crucifixion and resurrection of Jesus, whom Christians regard as the Savior or Messiah. What is Canaan called today? How was Israel unfaithful to God? Marriage here is symbolic of the covenantal relationship between God and Israel. However, Israel has been unfaithful to God by following other gods and breaking the commandments which are the terms of the covenant, hence Israel is symbolized by a harlot who violates the obligations of marriage to her husband. What was God’s promise to the children of Israel? God commanded him to leave his birthplace and go … to the land that I will show you. This bond between the People of Israel and their land was reaffirmed to succeeding generations through his son Isaac and his grandson Jacob: The land that I assigned to Abraham and Isaac I assign to you and to your offspring to come. What’s the difference between Judah and Israel? IMPORTANT: Best answer: Is Israel adapter same as Europe? Travel to Israel
Last Updated 09 Apr 2020 Hamlets Tragic Flaw Category Hamlet Essay type Research Words 899 (3 pages) Views 449 Procrastination is an action or rather an inaction, because when you procrastinate, you are avoiding completing a task. “Emotionally, Hamlet’s procrastination produces in him a growing rage that leads to his killing of Polonius (3. 4) …. Set in motion the incidents that lead to the bloody climax” (Boyce). This quote illustrates the topic of the following essay. It clearly outlines why the inability to act is ultimately the tragic flaw of the character Hamlet. Firstly, Hamlet’s procrastination ultimately leads to the premature death of many characters throughout the play. In act 3 scene 4, while confronting his mother, Hamlet hears a noise from behind a curtain. Thinking it was Claudius spying, Hamlet passes his sword through the curtain and stabs Polonius. Polonius calls out “O, I am slain! ”(3. 4. 22), then falls and dies. Hamlets Procrastination led to this because his emotions are being built up so, that when he hears the slightest thing that may be Claudius, he reacts in a violent way. That is not a good thing, because the death of Polonius will lead to two other events that will eventually cause three other characters to die. Moreover, in the final scene, three more characters die. Claudius has a cup of poisoned wine for Hamlet, but Gertrude unknowingly drinks it and immediately starts to die. Just before she passes, she exclaims “No! No! The drink, the drink – O my dear Hamlet – the drink, the drink! I am poisn’d (dies)” (5. 2. 299-300). After Gertrude dies, Hamlet and Laertes fight more violently, and Laertes cuts Hamlet. In a brawl, Hamlet gets a hold of Laertes’ sword and stabs him. When Hamlet realizes the sword is poisoned, he turns and stabs Claudius. Order custom essay Hamlets Tragic Flaw with free plagiarism report Hamlet says “…the point envenomed too… (stabs the king)… Follow my mother! (Claudius dies)” (5. 2. 311-317). After Claudius dies, Laertes says to Hamlet “…he is justly served…” (5. 2. 318-322) then dies. He says this to reassure Hamlet that he did the right thing. Hamlet’s procrastination led to the climax of the play, because if he would have killed Claudius sooner, he would have discovered that Hamlet knows about the murder and he never would have called the sword fight, and none of this brutality would have occurred. Secondly, Hamlet’s procrastination is causing other characters to plot against him. After Hamlet killed Polonius, Claudius plans to ship Hamlet away to England and make Polonius’ death look accidental. When he reveals his plan, he is talking to Gertrude and says “O Gertrude, come away! / The sun no sooner shall the mountains touch, / But we will ship him hence: and this vile deed / We must with all our majesty and skill, / Both countenance and excuse! ” (4. 1. 28-32). He is simply telling Gertrude that Hamlet will be on a ship to England before the sun rises. He also adds that they must both “countenance and excuse” the death of Polonius to protect their identity. Furthermore, when Laertes hears of his father’s death, he returns to Denmark, and he and Claudius plan to kill Hamlet and make it look like an accident. The king devises a plan and tells Laertes “to thine own peace... he shall not choose but fall... even his mother... shall call it accident” (4. 7. 61-68). Laertes is not fully satisfied with the kings plan and he says to Claudius “My Lord, I will be ruled; / The rather if you devise it so / That I might be the organ” (4. 7. 69-70). Laertes and Claudius devise a plan in which Laertes will kill Hamlet to avenge his father’s death, and Claudius will not need to worry about Hamlet revealing the truth of King Hamlet’s murder. Lastly, Hamlet’s procrastination allows time for events to unfold, ultimately bringing about his own death. Claudius caught on that Hamlet knows what happened to his father, so Claudius has Hamlet fight Laertes in a fencing match. We find out about this plan when a lord comes to invite Hamlet to the match. The lord entered the room where Hamlet was and said “My Lord, his majesty... if your / Pleasure hold to play with Laertes” (5. . 186-190). Hamlet accepts the invitation to the match. The purpose of the fencing match is for Laertes to get revenge on Hamlet for killing Polonius. This will also serve as a means for Claudius to eliminate Hamlet so that he will not reveal the truth about King Hamlet’s murder. Furthermore, unbeknownst to Hamlet, the match is rigged. When Claudius tells Laertes that he is to kill Hamlet in the fencing match, Laertes responds “I will do’t... I will anoint my sword. / I bought an unction of a mountebank, so mortal... if I gall him slightly, / It may be death” (4. 7. 140-148). He says this because he wants to inform the reader that he will poison his sword to ensure Hamlet dies if he cuts him even slightly. This shows how determined Laertes is to get revenge on Hamlet for killing Polonius. Therefore, the tragic flaw of Hamlet is ultimately procrastination. There are many examples throughout the play supporting this fact. If the other characters would have procrastinated the way Hamlet did, the play would have been much heavier with subplots and underlying moods and feelings. Based on this play, most people would think twice before putting off any large tasks that they may need to accomplish. Get professional help and free up your time for more important courses Starting from 3 hours delivery 450+ experts on 30 subjects get essay help 124 experts online Cite this page Hamlets Tragic Flaw. (2017, Apr 10). Retrieved from Save time and let our verified experts help you. Hire writer
Particle Physics \| Department of Physics Particle Physics Understanding the dynamics of gluons, the carriers of the strong force, especially in systems where they are extremely densely packed. The strong force is the least well understood part of the standard model of particle physics, yet gluons make up ~95% of the mass of the visible universe. To understand gluons well, we need to create extremely dense environments, and these are achieved both by probing particles with a gluon content, such as protons, at very high energies, or even better: probe heavy ions at high energies. This will be achieved, either at a future electron ion collider, proposed to be built in USA in the near future, or at the current experiments at the large hadron collider at CERN in Europe.
Masters in Computer Science @Arizona State University, Ex-ThoughtWorks Awk is an interpreted scripting language used for text manipulation. It is available by default in most linux and unix distributions. awk command line Awk divides the input file into records and each record is divide into fields. The awk command is as follows > awk '<the script to run in quotes>' input_file Here is a hands on tutorial on docker bridge networks. Feel free to install docker and follow along Show all the docker networks docker network ls This command will list all the docker networks currently running on the host machine. The list would include the driver and the scope of the docker networks. Creating a custom network in docker Lets first… Typically in computer programs, an enum is used to represent a field having different values. For instance, while representing a set of athletes, the field stating the sport played would have the value represent by an enum. Athlete’s years in career However, enums label the elements in serial order. Praveen Alex Mathew Get the Medium app
Architetti, ingegneri, decoratori e costruttori italiani in Tunisia Risultato della ricerca: Book France of the Third Republic (1870 -1940) - by that time distant from the uncertain and patchy colonial beginnings of the Grand Siècle (mainly oriented towards America and the Indian ocean) and from the discontinuous and loser policy of acquisitions of vast territories overseas of the XVIII century - in the fifty years after the occupation of Tunisia (1881) renews the intentions of the Second Republic and of the Second Empire to expand the dominoes in Africa, Asia and Oceania. Officially denominated Second Empire Colonial Français and endowed with a specific motto ("Trois couleurs, une drapeaus, un empire") the "French World" of overseas at the beginning of the second decade of the XX century was become a territorial entity of thirteen million square kilometers with more than one hundred million inhabitants. It was, therefore, an extraordinary intercontinental dominion, second only to the much larger British colonial empire (whose extension, in the same period, was of around 36 million square kilometers with almost half a billion people). Already in the mature stage of the Belle Èpoque, once crushed the last pockets of resistance, the French colonial policy’s goals were: a more efficient organization of the economic exploitation (including the reemploy of resources in the single possessions for infrastructural improvements and in order to reach higher life standards); an incentive to the immigration of French citizens (aimed to an expansion of the metropolitan presence); a more careful treatment of the natives; and a better administrative and institutional organization of the territories. At this point, the Third Republic not only arrogated the role of global power but also claimed the primogeniture of the modern idea itself of colonial empire (actually realized only in truth a small part of its dominoes). The new course of its colonial policy was aimed to make the "Douce France" the leading nation in the process of modernization of the subdued populations. No more by proclaiming itself as the executor of a civilizing task (in the name of which the Europeans, in the second half of the XIX century, claimed the right to impose their order to the local realities), but by respecting their cultures and peculiarities. No wonder, then, if, during the mature phase of the Belle époque (and later between the two world wars), in the Europeanized cities of the Maghreb (and namely in the colony of Algeria and in the protectorates of Tunisia and Morocco), the most representative French building production, both public and private, abandoned the classicist Beaux Arts - a clearly imposed architectural culture - to adopt the new style arabisance, rather adaptable and well related to the context.Before in Tunisia, with the foundations of the French Villes Neuves conceived as conspicuous additions juxtaposed to the ancient nucleuses of Tunisi, Sousse, Biserta and Sfax, then in Morocco, with the enlargements of Casablanca, Fez, Marrakech, Meknes and Rabat promoted by the marshal Louis Hubert Gonzalve Lyautey, the management of the French protectorate sharpen methodologies and operational strategies creating a complex urbanistic story, passing from a coercive behavior (also in terms of formal choices, of systems of planning and building production) to conscious interventions careful to the contexts. It is mainly Lyautey the one who inaugurated this new course, also engaging himself in the safeguard of the historical architecture (not necessarily "monumental") and the urban order of the medinas; an intention pursued along with the attempt to control the E Lingua originaleItalian Numero di pagine246 ISBN (stampa)9788882073107 Stato di pubblicazionePublished - 2008 Cita questo
The Use of Illustration in Kurt Vonnegut's "Breakfast of Champions" Ella Donesky A - Band Readers generally refer to Kurt Vonnegut, the author, not Kurt Vonnegut, the illustrator. However, Kurt Vonnegut conveys something very similar in both of his mediums. The images are very straightforward, and the writing style is plain, but the story is still engrossing. Historically, illustrations more commonly appeared in children’s books, books covers, or at chapter heads. Their use in adult literature, or what was considered to be more “intellectual” and “serious,” began to decline, as illustrations were not seen as so. This dilemma often arises when comparing the television and film adaptations of books, as well. Kurt Vonnegut’s use of illustrations in Breakfast of Champions changes the overall tone of the writing and enhances the reader’s experience, but also deepens their understanding of the story and the symbols and themes expressed. Screenshot 2015-01-19 at 9.10.42 PM Screenshot 2015-01-19 at 9.10.42 PM In the first chapter, Kurt Vonnegut discusses the country in which Dwayne Hoover and Kilgore Trout live, the United States of America. This prompts a further analysis into America as a country, it’s values, and symbols you may find on the dollar bill. Following the illustration of the US flag, he includes the illuminati pyramid found on the US dollar. If you were to flip through Breakfast of Champions, given that the images are the most prominent pieces on the page (they take up about half of the page), they would seem random. This is unlike many illustrations, where you don’t need to read the words to understand the story. Kurt Vonnegut’s drawings appear as being completely without context, therefore the images are very integrated into the story, which provides the context. This is very closely linked with the tone of the story. Even with the context, the drawings seem almost comically simple, though necessary, and add to the tone of the story. Childlike drawings of a lamb, a flamingo, a pair of sunglasses, a coat embroidered with the words “Pluto Gang,” and a pair of roughly sketched speech bubbles with scrawled out cursive don’t present themselves as serious, because as technical drawings, they are colorless and undetailed, and the illustrations only depict one object, as opposed to entire scenes. Accompanying the drawing is a sort of introduction. Vonnegut usually writes, “This was it,” or “It looked like this,” or “Here’s what it said.” None of the images included are ones that could not be identified from the story he describes and in that way, Vonnegut pokes fun at us, using the images to convey a sort of irony, humorously suggesting that we cannot understand the depth. Screenshot 2015-01-19 at 9.15.04 PM Screenshot 2015-01-19 at 9.15.04 PM The imagery in Breakfast of Champions doesn’t appear as drawings, exclusively. The first example is in the title of the book itself. “Breakfast of Champions” is a trademark slogan, not meant to reference General Mills, however, the expression is it’s own sort of trademark stamp, an image. Most Americans can recognize the trademark. Furthermore, on some book covers, and certainly in every copy, on the page following the publisher’s page, the slogan appears on a t-shirt. It’s a very familiar phrase, almost invisible. Perhaps Vonnegut’s use of it is meant to defamiliarize and lend it an ironic meaning. He recontextualizes it, and in this way, the title becomes a device, a symbol which provides a deeper understanding of the characters and the ironic tone. Hoover and Trout are regular people, they aren’t champions. The recontextualized imagery contrasts between the branding typical of American culture, and the lives that are actually lived. Screenshot 2015-01-19 at 9.05.47 PM Screenshot 2015-01-19 at 9.05.47 PM The first image of the book appears in the preface, not in the actual story. It is Vonnegut’s depiction of an asshole, the image above. Earlier in the preface, he dedicates the book to a woman, Phoebe Hurty. He writes, “She would talk bawdily to me and her sons...She was funny. She was liberating. She taught us to be impolite in conversation not only about sexual matters, but about American history and famous heros, about the distribution of wealth, about school, about everything.” Upon reading this statement, it is very clear what Vonnegut’s intentions are through writing and drawing. It communicates the purpose of the images. The image of the asshole, specifically, alludes to his earlier sentiment of maturity and humor, in his friend, Phoebe. Furthermore, it is important to mention that the image wasn’t included in the story itself, but in the preface, where Vonnegut’s explains his purpose in writing the book. The images seem deliberately crude, in contrast to the aspirations of most illustrators, who want to their work to appear of higher skills and sophistication. This almost expands his job as the narrator, because he isn’t simply having access to the character’s thoughts, he is the author, a character in himself. In this way, the imagery is used not to enhance the plotline, but to deepen our understanding of the story, as the reader, because we are more connected to the author. Christopher Lehmann-Haupt, an editor and critic (among other things), gave a commentary on Kurt Vonnegut’s use of drawings in Breakfast of Champions. This is what he said, “Even those dumb, lovable drawings began to pall after a time. I think I understand what he is getting at--that fictional art simply won't serve an more as he approaches middle age and a deeper insight to his own motives for writing...that the persona who is creating ‘Breakfast of Champions’ is trying to get a last desperate grip on the most simple rudiments of storytelling. But there is a certain coyness in this desperation, especially since it is surrounded by so much polish and inventiveness.” As mentioned earlier, Vonnegut’s style of writing by many is considered to be polished. However, it’s deceptively so. It doesn’t seem flowery or ornate, in most cases, it just reads plainly and straightforwardly. This is also represented in his illustrations. If at first glance, it appears as if his illustrations and stories are crude and simple, but both are actually polished. It’s so plainly written, you don’t notice it, and it’s the characters and the storytelling which become more clear. Kurt Vonnegut’s use of simple and crude images in Breakfast of Champions, provides the reader with a new interpretation of the author’s purpose and the nature of the characters. Furthermore, it improves our understanding of the book, shifts the tone, and changes the traditional use of images in stories. Egan, Robert, and Kurt Vonnegut. Breakfast of Champions. New York (45 W. 25th St., New York 10010): S. French, 1984. Print. Lehmann-Haupt, Christopher. "Is Kurt Vonnegut Kidding Us?" The New York Times. N.p., 2 May 1973. Web. 15 Jan. 2015. <>. Comments (3) Matthew Lotkowski (Student 2017) Matthew Lotkowski I have heard of Kurt Vonnegut as a writer but not as an Illustrator like you stated in your first few sentences and found it interesting that this style of writing is actually alive in any way. I would like to use this style because it adds a sort of realism to writing. Zoe Andersson (Student 2017) Zoe Andersson I have always wanted to read Breakfast of Champions but I was unaware that it featured Kurt Vonnegut's own artwork. I've gotta read it. When analyzing the quote, you don't just restate it. Your analyses are thorough and thought provoking, and the topic is actually super interesting. Chiara Nemati (Student 2017) Chiara Nemati I didn't know that there were books that used drawings in the same manner as Vonnegut does. I thought it was really cool and interesting. I would like to see if I am able to use this same technique in my writing.
Link Search Menu Expand Document Intro to Static Type Checking The most exciting thing happening right now in Python development is static typing. Since Python 3.0, we’ve had function annotations, and since 3.6, variable annotations. In 3.5, we got a “typing” library, which provides tools to describe types. This is what static type hints look like: def f(x: int) -> int: return x * 5 This does nothing at runtime, except store the object. And in the upcoming Python 3.11 (or 3.7+ with from __future__ import annotations), it doesn’t even store the actual object, just the string you type here, so then anything that can pass the Python parser is allowed here. It is not useless though! For one, it helps the reader. Knowing the types expected really gives you a much better idea of what is going on and what you can do and can’t do. But the key goal is: static type checking! There are a collection of static type checkers, the most “official” and famous of which is MyPy. You can think of this as the “compiler” for compiled languages like C++; it checks to make sure you are not lying about the types. For example, passing in anything that is not an int to f will fail a mypy check, before you run or deploy any code. Your tests cannot test every possible branch, every line of code. MyPy can (though it doesn’t by default, due to gradual typing). You may have code that runs rarely, that requires remote resources, that is slow, etc. All those can be checked by MyPy. It also keeps you (too?) truthful in your types. Adding types There are three ways to add types. 1. They can be inline as annotations. Best for Python 3 code, usually. 2. They can be in special “type comments”. Required mostly for Python 2 code, and still requires the proper imports. 3. They can be in a separate file with the same name but with a .pyi extension. This is important for type stubs or for cases where you don’t want to add imports or touch the original code. You can annotate compiled files or libraries you don’t control this way. If you have a library you don’t control, you can add “type stubs” for it, then give MyPy your stubs directory. MyPy will pull the types from your stubs. If you are writing code for a Raspberry Pi, for example, you could add the stubs for the Pi libraries, and then validate your code, without ever even installing the Pi-only libraries! You do not have to add types for every object - most of the time, you just need it for parameters and returns from functions. When running MyPy, you can use reveal_type(...) to show the inferred type of any object, which is like a print statement but at type-checking time, or reveal_locals() to see all local types. By default, MyPy does as little as possible, so that you can add it iteratively to a code base. By default: • All untyped variables and return values will be Any. • Code inside untyped functions is not checked at all. You can add configuration to pyproject.toml (and a little bit to the files themselves), or you can go all the way and pass --strict, which will turn on everything. Try to turn on as much as possible, and increase it until you can run with full strict checking. See the style page for configuration suggestions. For a library to support typing, it has to a) add types using any of the three methods, and b) add a py.typed empty file to indicate that it’s okay to look for types inside it. MyPy also looks in typeshed, which is a library full of type hints for (mostly) the standard library. Third party libraries that are typed sometimes forget this last step, by the way! Type narrowing One of the key features of type checking is type narrowing. The type checker monitors the types of a variable, and “narrows” it when something restricts it. For example: x: Union[A, B] if isinstance(x, A): This will print A, then B. It prints A because that’s the only thing that can exist in the first branch, and then the remaining types (B) must be the type in the second branch. And it prints both because it’s not actually running the code, just type checking it, so both sides of the if are checked. You can manually force type narrowing with assert: x: Union[A, B] assert isinstance(x, A) This will print A because you removed B via the type narrowing using the assert. One of the best features of MyPy is support for structural subtyping via Protocols - formalized duck-typing, basically. This allows cross library interoperability, unlike traditional inheritance. Here’s how it works: from typing import Protocol # or typing_extensions for < 3.8 class Duck(Protocol): def quack() -> str: Now any object that can “quack” (and return a string) is a Duck. We can even add @runtime_checkable which will allow us to check this (minus the types) at runtime in isinstance. So now we can design code like this: def pester_duck(a_duck: Duck) -> None: And the type checker will ensure we only write code valid on all Ducks. And, we can write a duck implementation and test it like this: class MyDuck: def quack() -> str: return "quack" This will pass a check for being a Duck, for example something like this: import typing if typing.TYPE_CHECKING: _: Duck = typing.cast(MyDuck, None) Notice the complete lack of dependencies here. We don’t need MyDuck to write pester_duck, or vice-versa. And, we don’t even need Duck to write either one at runtime! The dependence on Duck for pester_duck is entirely a type-check-time dependence (unless we want to use a runtime_checkable powered isinstance). There are lots of built-in Protocols, most of which pre-date typing and are available in an Abstract Base Class form. Most of them check for one or more special methods, like Iterable, Iterator, etc. Other features Static typing has some great features worth checking out: • Unions (New syntax coming in Python 3.10) • Generic Types (New syntax in Python 3.9) • Literals • TypedDict • Nicer NamedTuple definition (very popular in Python 3 code) • MyPy validates with the Python version you ask for, regardless of what version you are actually running. Complete example Python 3.6+ Here’s the classic syntax, which you need to use if support 3.6+. from typing import Union, List # Generic types take bracket arguments def f(x: int) -> List[int]: return list(range(x)) # Unions are a list of types that all could be allowed def g(x: Union[str, int]) -> None: # Type narrowing - Unions get narrowed if isinstance(x, str): print("string", x.lower()) print("int", x) # Calling x.lower() is invalid here! Python 3.7+ from __future__ import annotations def f(x: int) -> list[int]: return list(range(x)) def g(x: str \| int) -> None: if isinstance(x, str): print("string", x.lower()) print("int", x) Notice that there are no imports from typing! Note that you cannot use the “new” syntax in non annotation locations (like unions in isinstance) unless Python supports it at runtime. You can use the above in earlier Python versions if you use strings. Final words When run alongside a good linter like flake8, this can catch a huge number of issues before tests or they are discovered in the wild! It also prompts better design, because you are thinking about how types work and interact. It’s also more readable, since if I give you code like this: def compute(timestamp): You don’t know “what” timestamp is. Is it an int? A float? An object? With types, you’ll know what I was intending to give you. You can use type aliases to really give expressive names here!
You are here Between Forest and Plantation By Thontowi Suhada, Young Researcher, WRI Indonesia At noon, my colleague, Dwiki, and I were ready in front of the gate of the oil palm plantation. We planned to do some initial research related to land management in a protected forest landscape in Riau Province. Along with Mr. Icam, a village secretary, and Mr. Wafisri, a traditional elder, we were verifying the findings of remote sensing that indicated an area where oil palm plantations and protected forest overlapped. By motorbike, we explored the plantations to the forest border. The conditions ranged from rocky, muddy roads, to descents and climbs that seemed unthinkable for conventional motorbikes to pass. Sitting at the back, I sometimes had to get off the motorbike when it was not strong enough to go uphill, or even lift the motorbike when it was stuck in the mud. It turns out that piggybacking is not always just sitting pretty. Seeing how challenging the roads were, we didn't expect to see oil palm plantations. With the hilly contours of the land, we couldn’t imagine how difficult it must be for the workers to transport their harvested palm fruit. Was the promise of palm oil so great that they were willing to take such a difficult path? Or perhaps it was so difficult to find alternative income, they were dependent on palm oil? According to local people, this hill was once a dense forest. But as plantation land became scarcer and more expensive, the community started selling the forest land or using it for plantations; either gambier, rubber, or palm. Attracting a high price and in high demand, palm trees have become the main feature of these lands, to this day. <p>Figure 2. Trees that are half cut and left by illegal loggers. Photo by: Thontowi Suhada</p> At one point, our motorbike couldn't go any further and we decided to continue our journey on foot. The vegetation began to change, from the palm oil landscape to the forest landscape. From the above satellite image, this area still had good forest cover. But when we entered the forest and saw it from below, it turned out to be in very poor condition. Many large trees had been uprooted. Some were left in a half-cut condition because the center of the tree was damaged. We also found some wooden planks ready to be transported. What was even sadder was that the felled trees were sialang trees, which were protected by law and custom. Sialang trees are inhabited by swarms of bees and according to custom, inhabited by spirits. People who know this will not cut down the trees because apart from being protected by customary law and mystical beliefs, they also have a higher economic value if allowed to grow. One sialang tree can contain more than 15 forest bee hives, which can produce 5-10 liters of honey per hive. <p>Figure 3. Mr. Icam is making a no-logging sign. Photo by: Thontowi Suhada</p> Seeing the condition of the forest, Mr. Wafisri and Mr. Icam took the initiative to make a sign from wooden boards that had not been removed by the illegal loggers. Using markers and paints they wrote: "It is Forbidden to Open this Land/Forest Because there are Sialang Trees that are Protected". It was a small but interesting example of how village officials and indigenous peoples work together to protect the forest in their area. Forest encroachment and unsustainable land-use change are actually the results of chronic neglect and the absence of law enforcement. As the closest stakeholders to the forest, the village government and traditional stakeholders have a great opportunity to maintain forest sustainability and sustainable land use. If developed and directed properly, cooperation between the two parties could protect the forest from both sides, both formal and customary law. However, if this neglect continues, it is only a matter of time before these hills and forests disappear and turn into plantations. Stay Connected Sign up for our newsletters
Importance and Significance of the Nadsat Language in a Clockwork Orange 385 Words2 Pages Importance and Significance of the Nadsat language in A Clockwork Orange -What is the language, how is it explained (Blake Morrison in his introduction, and Dr Brodsky) -Alex’s name that trough the Nadsat language means without, or outside the law. -In the beginning the reader will have trouble understanding the book, that produces a number of effects: discomfort, by not understanding, and therefor not knowing if its hostile or not. Later you start to understand the Nadsat language, which creates a connection with Alex and the reader. speaking the same language as Alex, through this connection it is easier to sympathies with Alex and to not look at him as a criminal, but as a victim of the system. -In nadsat style, addressing the reader with ‘’O my brothers’’ creates a more personal bond with Alex, and their for it is easier for the reader to sympathize with Alex even though he is such a flawed character. -When the violence is shown in the book, more nadsat is used with for example: ‘’to tolchock a chelloveck in the kishkas’’ this being an alienating and distancing the reader and Alex from the violent acts he commits. If the nadsat is purely read for its language it sounds humorous, but often takes a sickening and repulsive turn, that is when you realize what is actually happening. For example: ‘’So he did the strong-man on the devotcha, who was still creech creech crecching away in very horrorshow four-in-a-bar, locking her rookers from the back, while I ripped away at this and that and the other, the others were going haw haw haw still, and real horrorshow groodies they were that then exhibited their pink glazzies, O my brothers, while I untrussed and got ready for the plunge.’’ This sounds quite comical and humorus until its found out that the devotcha (woman) is being raped. In short: -What is the Nadsat language, where is it More about Importance and Significance of the Nadsat Language in a Clockwork Orange Open Document
What are the Signs and Symptoms of Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes? What is the Difference between Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes? Friday 2 October 2020 4 minute(s) read Medically reviewed by Dr. Jubil Tom, MD on 6 November 2020 Table of Contents I. Overview a. What is Type 1 Diabetes? b. What is Type 2 Diabetes? II. What Causes Diabetes? a. What is Glucose? b. What is Insulin? c. How does Diabetes Occur? III. Symptoms of Diabetes IV. Diabetes Treatments a. Medications b. Lifestyle Changes Diabetes is a very common medical condition that can be split into two categories: Type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes is far more common and over 90 percent of people diagnosed with diabetes have type 2. However, type 1 diabetes still affects around 1.25 million people in the United States. [1] a. What is Type 1 Diabetes? Type 1 diabetes was previously known as juvenile diabetes or insulin-dependent diabetes. While it can affect anybody, it usually develops during childhood or adolescence. [2] The disease occurs when the body’s pancreas does not produce any insulin and is, therefore, unable to control glucose levels in the blood. b. What is Type 2 Diabetes? Type 1 diabetes occurs when the body does not produce enough insulin. For type 2 diabetes, the body produces insulin. However, patients are unable to use this insulin effectively. Keep reading to learn more about the symptoms and causes of diabetes, and common medical treatments such as insulin, metformin (Glucophage), and sitagliptin (Januvia). What Causes Diabetes? It is important to understand the role of glucose and insulin in the body before learning about the causes of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. a. What is Glucose? Glucose is a type of sugar that is found in a person’s bloodstream. Glucose (also known as ‘blood sugar’) is produced by the liver and is found in many foods and drinks. Glucose is commonly found in carbohydrates such as bread and potatoes, as well as fruits, vegetables, and dairy products. The body uses glucose for energy and it is a key source of ‘fuel’ for your brain. [3] If your blood sugar level is not controlled, then you could suffer from severe issues including comas, blindness, or heart disease. Loaves of bread b. What is Insulin? Insulin is the hormone that converts glucose into energy. The pancreas produces natural insulin, which is then released when glucose levels rise after eating. As well as controlling the body’s levels of glucose, insulin is also important in the process of storing glucose in muscle and fat cells. c. How does Diabetes Occur? Type 1 diabetes is a condition that occurs when a person’s pancreas does not produce enough insulin. This disease happens when the insulin-producing cells inside of the pancreas are attacked and destroyed by the body’s immune system. The normal function of the immune system is to protect the body from foreign substances, such as bacteria and viruses. Without enough insulin, glucose builds up in the bloodstream because it is not being transported into the necessary cells. [4] Researchers do not know what causes the immune system to attack these cells and therefore cause type 1 diabetes. However, it is believed to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Type 2 diabetes is also thought to be a result of genetic and environmental factors. Type 2 diabetes occurs when the cells in the body become resistant to insulin. The body responds to this by creating more insulin, eventually leading, once again, to a build-up of glucose in the bloodstream. There are several risk factors for type 2 diabetes. The most common risk factor for this form of diabetes is being overweight or obese, but certain medications can also increase your risk of developing the condition. Symptoms of Diabetes There are several different symptoms of diabetes. For type 1 diabetes, it may take several months or even years for enough cells in the pancreas to be destroyed in order for symptoms to begin. However, once symptoms do appear, they can develop, worsen, and become severe in a matter of weeks or months. [5] For type 2 diabetes, symptoms usually develop slowly over a longer period of time. This may make it easier to miss. A woman drinking water If you notice any symptoms, then speak to your doctor immediately so that your blood sugar levels can be tested. Common symptoms of both types of diabetes include: • Severe thirst • Frequent urination • Unexplained weight loss • Fatigue • General itching or thrush • Slow wound healing • Blurred vision Diabetes Treatments a. Medications The medication that will be prescribed depends on which type of diabetes you have. Type 1 diabetes patients do not produce enough insulin. The most important part of treating type 1 is taking insulin. Insulin is not effective when taken orally because it is broken down by stomach enzymes. Therefore, insulin is administered either by an injection or an insulin pump. [6] pink pills on a blue background There are several medications that can be used to treat type 2 diabetes. These medications are used to control blood sugar by either reducing the amount of glucose produced, making your body use insulin more effectively, or helping your kidneys to filter out glucose. Common type 2 medications include metformin (Glucophage) and sitagliptin (Januvia). b. Lifestyle Changes Making lifestyle changes can also help improve your condition. For both types of diabetes, it is important to eat a nutritious diet. Regular aerobic exercise is also important. However, it is important to remember that exercise lowers blood sugar levels and you may need to adjust your diet or insulin levels when exercising. Get our newsletter Health news and medication updates delivered right to your inbox.
Man Who Uses Solar Panels to Generate His Own Solar Energy Is Still Being Charged Tax in Canada Solar energy is among the most accessible alternative energy sources, easy to harness and a great resource for any household. By 2050, studies show that solar power will become the most widespread non-electrical energy source around the world. As long as there is sunlight in the area where you live and you have a set of solar panels, it should be very easy to capture solar energy and use it for personal or commercial reasons. The off-the-grid movement is also becoming more and more popular each year, so solar power is a main resource for those wanting to cut-off from the electrical grid. Since renewable energy sources are usually set-up and collected by those who choose this lifestyle, it is only fair that they expect no government interference and no taxation on the electrical power they generate. But in August 2017, Kris Currie from Canada signaled a case of ”tax extortion” by his government and raised awareness of this issue. After investing around $46,000 on 35 solar panels that he installed in his home, the Canadian government still charged him the Harmonized Sales Tax on the energy generated by his solar panels. Some might argue that he received funds from the government to help him go off-the-grid, but this isn’t even the case as he set up the entire system from his pocket. But seems like there was an error in the system he set up, and namely, he is part of P.E.I’s net metering program, which means he still has an electric meter in his home. This means, that in case his home system of renewable energy fails or is damaged, he can connect to the grid for free. And even though he generates his energy, the excess power generated and not used by the household is then funneled back into the main grid and sold through Maritime Electric. Therefore, the Canadian government considers that it is still fair to ask for a tax to be paid by Currie. For now, there is no amendment to this law, so it means that even if you invest a lot of money in going off-the-grid in Canada, it still does not guarantee that you will pay fewer taxes. If we look at the situation in the US, a new tax was introduced in 2005, called the Investment Tax Credit and the government came up with the idea of a federal solar tax credit. This meant that the credit made it easy for solar power users to deduct 30 percent of the costs of setting up a solar energy system from their federal taxes. This is a good example of how a government can encourage the population to switch to renewable energy resources and making the transition to an off-the-grid lifestyle much easier. Leave a Reply
During the Second World War, across the frontline as well as on the Home Front, millions of people recorded their thoughts of their experiences – whether in letters, their personal diaries or those prosecuting the war giving speeches. Much as Letters of Note celebrated the great letters written through history, so Words of War allows the Imperial War Museum to showcase its incredible array of first-hand material to shine a light on how people journeyed through the 1939-45 conflict. Ten chapters take the reader chronologically through the key moments of the war: from the retreat to Dunkirk to the battle of the Atlantic; the savage fighting in the jungles of the far East to the RAF Bomber Command’s campaign in Europe; the discovery of the Nazi’s concentration camp system to the war’s ultimate conclusion at the Nuremburg trials. One hundred documents are researched and selected by the Imperial War Museum’s expert archivists, with commentary from their head Antony Richards explaining the significance of each and placing it in context to the war’s progression. Readers will be able to engage and empathise with the writers in a thought-provoking and immediate way. Extraordinarily powerful and mesmerising - there is a haunting intimacy and immediacy about these recovered letters, documents and images that opens a window directly into the past, vividly summoning the darkest days but also the greatest courage and endurance and the fascinating quirks and passions of human nature in war. Sinclair McKay It is a remarkable treasure trove, beautifully assembled, and a snapshot testimony to the incredible breadth and extent over which the war was fought and experienced first-hand. James Holland
Species of the Week: Balsas screech owl \| One Earth Species of the Week: Balsas screech owl Species of the Week: Balsas screech owl Each Wednesday, One Earth’s “Species of the Week” series highlights a relatively unknown and fascinating species to showcase the beauty, diversity, and remarkable characteristics of our shared planet Earth. Nighttime in the tropical woodlands of southwestern Mexico is full of curious sounds. One of the most distinctive sounds is described as the “bouncing ball song.” The Balsas screech owl’s hoots are the same rhythm as a ping pong ball being dropped on the floor, slow at first and getting faster and progressively louder. Balsas screech owls are endemic to this region; They fill the forest with their songs and act as vital predators in this ecosystem. Balsas screech owls are the flagship species of the Balsas Dry Forests ecoregion, located in the Mexican Dry & Coniferous Forests bioregion (NT28). Females are slightly larger than males, 24 to 27 centimeters (9.4 to 10.6 in) in length and weighing between 150 and 174 grams (5.3 and 6.1 oz). White tufts underneath highlight the brown and gray markings on their plumage. Narrow dark streaks outline the Balsas screech owl’s characteristic brown eyes. Like other screech owls, Balsas screech owls are named for their piercing songs. Their normal territorial call is not a hoot as with some owls, but multiple calls given in rapid succession. All screech owls have a good sense of hearing, which helps them locate their prey. Curved bills and raptor-like claws have also evolved to aid in capturing insects, arthropods, and small vertebrates, acting as natural pest control in their ecosystem. Although little is known about the species, Balsas screech owls hunt during the night from perches located in semi-open landscapes. Hidden in the hollows of trees or camouflaged between branches, these owls look and listen over a wide area to hunt. Due to habitat loss and degradation, this landscape is shrinking and putting the Balsas screech owls at risk. The best way to protect Balsas screech owls is through conservation and habitat protection and restoration. The Mexican NGO Autonomous Group for Environmental Research (GAIA), helps Mexican farmers and foresters in the southwest seek both biodiversity conservation and the strengthening of rural livelihoods. Combing traditional practices with scientific knowledge, the project funds sustainable farming training. These programs work with nature and safeguard the environment for species like the Balsas screech owl. Sign up for the One Earth Newsletter
Hate speech Hate speech can have serious consequences for individuals, groups, and society as a whole. Public authorities and educational institutions have a particular responsibility to actively counter hate speech and ensure that the people subjected to it receive follow-up support. Freedom of speech is an inviolable value and holds a strong position in Norwegian society. However, speech that disseminates hate towards other people cannot be tolerated. Some speech is banned by Norwegian law and is subject to criminal prosecution. The extent of hate speech based on gender, ethnicity, religion or belief, disability or sexual orientation, gender identity and gender expression is worrying. A strategy against hate speech was launched in 2016. The goal of this strategy is to promote a good public exchange of opinions, and to prevent and work against hate speech. The strategy is made up of measures based in the following areas: Meeting places, children and young people, the legal system, the workplace, the media sector, and knowledge and research. The Directorate for Children, Youth and Family Affairs is responsible for implementing many of the Ministry of Culture’s measures in the strategy against hate speech. Since 2014, the Ministry of Culture (and before that the Ministry of Children and Families) have supported the “Stopp hatprat” [Stop Hate Speech] campaign. This campaign is represented by a group of young people from all across Norway, who participate in and organise various activities for young people.
mitosis notes n. Skip this Video Loading SlideShow in 5 Seconds.. Mitosis Notes PowerPoint Presentation Download Presentation Mitosis Notes Mitosis Notes 227 Views Download Presentation Download Presentation Mitosis Notes Presentation Transcript 1. Mitosis Notes 2. Cell Division • All cells are derived from pre-existing cells • New cells are produced for growth and to replace damaged or old cells • Differs in prokaryotes (bacteria) and eukaryotes (protists, fungi, plants, & animals) 3. Keeping Cells Identical The instructions for making cell parts are encoded in the DNA, so each new cell must get a complete set of the DNA molecules 4. DNA Replication Original DNA strand • DNA must be copied or replicated before cell division • Each new cell will then have an identical copy of the DNA Two new, identical DNA strands 5. Mitosis Notes • Cells divide to make more cells…this is called mitosis. • All organisms start as just one cell and continue to divide and make more. Humans have over 50,000,000,000,000 cells. 6. Mitosis • Mitosis is the division of the nucleus in eukaryotic cells. Mitosis has 6 steps. • In mitosis the DNA is copied so that each cell gets a copy. • The DNA is condensed into a chromosome. Humans have 46 chromosomes. 7. Chromosomes Notes • Each of the cells in your body have the same 46 chromosomes. You get 23 chromosomes from each parent. • Not all species have the same number of chromosomes. Corn has 20, flies have 10, chimpanzees have 48. 8. Chromosome Notes • Each chromosomes has a central region called a centromere that is an important attachment point for mitosis. 9. Chromosome Notes • The cell providing the DNA to be copied is the “parent cell,” the cells that are created are identical “daughter cell.” 10. Chromosome • A chromosome contains the DNA for the organism. • During mitosis the chromosome divides into two chromatids that are copied during mitosis. • These chromatids are “sister chromatids” 11. Karyotype • First 22 pairs are called autosomes • Last pair are the sex chromosomes • XX female or XY male 12. Boy or Girl? The Y Chromosome Decides Y - Chromosome X - Chromosome 13. Prokaryotic Chromosome • The DNA of prokaryotes (bacteria) is one, circular chromosome attached to the inside of the cell membrane 14. Cell Division in Prokaryotes Parent cell • Prokaryotes such as bacteria divide into 2 identical cells by the process of binary fission • Single chromosome makes a copy of itself • Cell wall forms between the chromosomes dividing the cell Chromosome doubles Cell splits 2 identical daughter cells 15. Types of Cell Reproduction • Asexual reproduction involves a single cell dividing to make 2 new, identical daughter cells • Mitosis & binary fission are examples of asexual reproduction • Sexual reproduction involves two cells (egg & sperm) joining to make a new cell (zygote) that is NOT identical to the original cells • Meiosis is an example 16. The cell cycle • Some cells divide constantly like skin cells and stomach cells. Some cells divide only every 10 years. Actively dividing cells go through the cell cycle. The cell cycle has four parts. 17. The Cell Cycle • G1- (GAP) Each chromosome has 1 chromatid. Cells spend most of their time here if they are not dividing. • S- (Synthesis) this is when DNA is copied. The chromosome goes from one chromatid to 2 chromatids. • G2- Is the period between S and mitosis. The cell prepares for Mitosis • M- is Mitosis 18. DNA Copied Cells prepare for Division Cells Mature Daughter Cells Cell Divides into Identical cells 19. Interphase • During Interphase chromosomes are copied (sister chromosome) but remain in loose structures called chromatin. • All the organelles are copied. • Interphase is not technically part of mitosis because mitosis is division of the nucleus and Interphase involves division of other organelles. 20. Prophase • Prophase means “the before stage.” Prophase is the start of mitosis. • Chromatin condenses into chromosomes. • The microtubules condense into centrisomes which move to opposite poles of the cell. • The nuclear membrane starts to dissolve. • Spindle fibers begin to form to help line the chromosomes up. 21. Metaphase • Chromosomes line up on the equator of the cell. Spindle fibers attach to the centromeres of the chromatids. • Everything is now aligned for the rest of division to occur. 22. Anaphase • Chromatids (or pairs of chromosomes) separate and move to opposite ends of the cell. • The spindle fibers contract and the chromosomes are pulled towards the centrioles. 23. Telophase • In telophase the cell divides. Two new nuclei begin to form. • The chromosomes are at the poles and the spindle fibers disintegrate. • Chromosomes begin to appear as chromatin (the threads not the rods). • This is the end of mitosis. 24. Cytokinesis • The organelles get divided evenly into each (daughter cell). Each cell has identical chromosomes in their own nucleus. • Plant and animal cells divide differently. Plants form a new cell wall that cuts the two cells apart. Animal cells form actin fibers around the equator of the cell and this pinches the cell in half. • Cytokinesis isn’t part of mitosis (doesn’t involve the nucleus). After Cytokinesis we go back to G1 and start over. 25. White Board Mitosis Review 26. What part of mitosis is shown? 27. What part of mitosis is shown? 28. What part of mitosis is shown? 29. What part of mitosis is shown? 30. What part of mitosis is shown? 31. In what part of mitosis do chromosomes double? 32. In what part of mitosis do chromosomes attach to spindle fibers? 33. In what part of mitosis does the nuclear membrane start to re-form? 34. In what part of mitosis do the chromosomes line up at the cell equator? 35. When do the copied chromosomes move to opposite ends of the cell?
What is the Difference Between a Sieve and a Screen What is the Difference Between a Sieve and a Screen Even in the business of manufacturing and supplying vibratory sieving and screening equipment, the terms ‘sieve’ and ‘screen’ are pretty interchangeable, but technically speaking, there is a difference. Why the Confusion? Both are very similar (which is why they are often thrown in together). They generally consist of a wire mesh with some sort of vibration applied. The mesh is included to separate a product into two different groups based on particle size. One separation of the product is generally considered the ‘good’ product, and the other discarded or reprocessed. It is a simple process used for countless applications in dozens of sectors. So, what is the difference between a sieve and a screen? What is a sieve? A sieve is used to process individual batches of product. At YUBO, we sell a lot of sieves to baking companies who use them to sift and check screen bags of flour and other ingredients before they are mixed during production. The sieving process sifts out lumps and improves the quality of the flour for a better final product, as well as adding a measure of safety by separating out any debris that may have found its way into the product. What is a screen? A screen is used on a continuous flow of product. Screens are installed into production streams to remove lumps and oversize particles, or allow fine particles and dust to be separated out, with the aim of cleaning up the final product. We have supplied screen systems to chemical manufacturers to screen off lumps before the final bagging process, and to crisp manufacturers to remove small broken crisps and crumbs before packing. Screens come in both circular and linear configurations. Deciding which is best for a particular process is usually determined by the type of product being processed, the throughput required, and space limitation within a facility. Contact Us Name:Xueyi Ma Tel:+86 311 8595 5658
With these current difficult times parents are more nervous than ever and want to ensure all precautions are taken before the new school year starts There are around 100 trillion bacteria living inside each of us. These bacteria form what is referred to as the Microbiome. What is Cancer? Posted by Cancer is the name given to a number of related diseases. It is the development of a tumour or malignant growth resulting from an uncontrolled division of cells. Cancer can start almost anywhere in the body and originates from damaged cells. Cells are the fundamental building blocks of life and each day around 50-70 billion cells die as part of normal human processes. Accept Site use cookies
All Policies Include Coronavirus Cover Coronavirus FAQs New scan shows if asthma drugs work 11 December 2014 08:17 Asthma: a debilitating condition that is difficult to diagnose Asthma: a debilitating condition that is difficult to diagnose Scientists have claimed a new scan could reveal whether asthma sufferers' medication is working. It could also help to detect what is traditionally a difficult condition to diagnose, as well as being cheaper and more accurate. The new test developed by King's College London follows the progression of a patient's white-coloured blood cells across their lungs. Having asthma need not deter people from taking a holiday. Securing tailor-made asthma travel insurance can give them peace of mind should they require a change of medication or treatment after an attack. What's the research? The new test is based on how swiftly the eosinophil white blood cells spread across the lungs. These react to pollutants, allergens and other irritants through generating toxic chemicals, whose accumulation leads to inflamed airways. These cells somehow respond more readily to such irritants in asthma sufferers. Slower-moving eosinophil cells imply that more have spread to the region, meaning the increased likelihood of lungs being inflamed. KCL tested this by taking blood samples from 16 volunteers: 12 had asthma - including four without symptoms - and four were healthy. Using radioactive substances, gamma cameras and injections, scientists observed that cells passed through healthy lungs in four minutes. The same kind of cells passed through asthma-hit lungs, including those without symptoms, in six minutes. What do the scientists say? KCL's Joanna Lukawska said such a test could be cheaper, more accurate and not so labour-intensive. She said that slow-moving eosinophil cells could show that asthma patients are not responding to steroids and prompt a switch to other drugs, including mepolizumab. What does Asthma UK say? The results have encouraged Asthma UK's Samantha Walker. They could further progress the creation of reliable asthma diagnostic tests, Dr Walker believes. What is asthma? One in 12 Britons (5.4 million) suffer from asthma. The condition leave sufferers' airways inflamed and constricted. These get clogged with mucus when they come into contact with triggers, including dust or pollen.
Standard Non Disclosure Agreement India By October 9, 2021 Uncategorized No Comments The main purpose of the confidentiality agreement is to protect sensitive information. This is a legally binding contract between the two parties. An agreement that obliges one of the parties not to disclose or communicate confidential information. A unilateral confidentiality agreement is used when a new supplier or supplier is hired. Once the parties have been defined, you determine which confidential information is protected by the confidentiality agreement. Each state in India has a different value of stamp paper. As a result, depending on the state in which the contract is performed (here confidentiality agreement), the value of the stamp paper is deducted. You can find the value of stamp paper or stamp duty on the websites of the State government. Among the information that cannot be protected by a confidentiality agreement is: if the parties are companies, only the persons authorized by the decisions of the board of directors should sign the agreement on behalf of the company. [maxbutton id=”15″ url=”” text=”Non-Disclosure Agreement Template Word Format” ] In the NDA example below, you can see what these clauses can look like in an agreement: a confidentiality agreement is a contract in which two parties who sign them agree not to disclose any confidential information outside of work. Confidentiality agreements are usually entered into to protect trade secrets. An agreement that obliges all parties not to disclose or to communicate confidential information disclosed to it by the other party. The mutual or mutual confidentiality agreement is usually sung when two or more parties consider whether they should establish a mutual business relationship. A contract with witnesses has a limitation period of 12 years to assert a right for infringement before the courts, while in case of agreement without witnesses, the limitation period is 6 years. Penalties for breach of contract are usually set by the agreement itself and breaches or breaches are dealt with accordingly. If the penalty is not set out in an agreement, it is clearly stated that the person guilty of the violation or offence is prosecuted for such misappropriation. Many companies choose for partners and employees to sign NDAs and non-competes separately.. . . . Help us keep the movement going!! Donate
Continuing medical education : définition de Continuing medical education et synonymes de Continuing medical education (anglais) Publicité ▼ définition - Continuing medical education Continuing Medical Education (n.) 1.(MeSH)Educational programs designed to inform physicians of recent advances in their field. définition (complément) voir la définition de Wikipedia Publicité ▼ synonymes - Continuing medical education dictionnaire analogique Publicité ▼ Continuing medical education Continuing medical education (CME) refers to a specific form of continuing education (CE) that helps those in the medical field maintain competence and learn about new and developing areas of their field. These activities may take place as live events, written publications, online programs, audio, video, or other electronic media. Content for these programs is developed, reviewed, and delivered by faculty who are experts in their individual clinical areas. Similar to the process used in academic journals, any potentially conflicting financial relationships for faculty members must be both disclosed and resolved in a meaningful way.[1] However, critics complain that drug and device manufacturers often use their financial sponsorship to bias CMEs towards marketing their own products.[2] Historical context Continuing medical education is not a new concept. From essentially the beginning of institutionalized medical instruction (medical instruction affiliated with medical colleges and teaching hospitals), health practitioners continued their learning by meeting with their peers.[3] Grand rounds, case discussions, and meetings to discuss published medical papers constituted the continuing learning experience. In the 1950s through to the 1980s, CME was increasingly funded by the pharmaceutical industry. Concerns regarding informational bias (both intentional and unintentional) led to increasing scrutiny of the CME funding sources. This led to the establishment of certifying agencies such as the Society for Academic Continuing Medical Education which is an umbrella organization representing medical associations and bodies of academic medicine from the United States, Canada, Great Britain and Europe. The pharmaceutical industry has also developed guidelines regarding drug detailing and industry sponsorship of CME, such as the Pharmaceutical Advertising Advisory Board (PAAB) and Canada's Research-Based Pharmaceutical Companies (Rx&D). CME requirements In the United States, many states require CME for medical professionals to maintain their licenses. For example, Arizona requires an average of 40 hours of CME every two years.[4] For a complete list of requirements by state, see State Medical Licensure Requirements and Statistics, 2006. Within the United States, CME for physicians is regulated by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME) and the American Osteopathic Association. In Canada, certification is provided by the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada (RCPSC) and the College of Family Physicians of Canada (CFPC). The RCPSC is responsible for the development and implementation of all certifying examinations in each specialty other than Family Medicine. Specialist physicians who join the Royal College as Fellows maintain their knowledge, skills, competence and performance through participating in the Maintenance of Certification Program. For each five year cycle, fellows of the college are required to document 400 credits, with a minimum of 40 credits obtained in each year of the cycle. Credits are earned at one to two credits per hour, based on the type of learning activity. The CFPC requires 250 credit-hours over a five year cycle. Fifty credits must be obtained for each year of the cycle. To earn and maintain fellowship within the college, an additional 24 credit-hours of higher level learning are also required over each learning cycle. Similarly, each province and territory requires documentation of ongoing CME for licensure.[5] Non-CME (promotional education) programs Non-CME activities, also referred to as Promotional Medical Education, encompass a variety of industry sponsored educational programs for medical professionals. Several things serve to distinguish these programs, which are typically aimed at promotion of a given product or therapy, from accredited CME programs:[citation needed] • Lack of accreditation • Direct industry sponsorship • Specific product or therapy focus • Strict regulation against off-label promotion Production of CME courses Continuing medical education activities are developed and delivered by a variety of organizations, including: Activities may be classified as Formal Learning Activities, including live planned programs, enduring materials (such as DVD- and web-based content), Process Improvement CME (or PI-CME, as defined by the American Medical Association), or Informal Learning Activities such as Internet-Point of Care (POC) research and decision making, or journal clubs whose members evaluate published research for mutual awareness and benefit. In 2008, professional certification for CME planners was established by the National Commission for Certification of CME Professionals, which is earned by standardized exam, and confers the Certified CME Professional (CCMEP) certificate. NC-CME maintains a registry of these certified professionals. As of June 2011, the Registry included 320 professionals. Criticism of industry sponsorship Critics, such as Morris and Taitsman,[6] would prefer that the medical profession eliminate commercial support for CME. Despite ACCME requirements that program content be free of commercial interests, "CME providers can easily pitch topics designed to attract commercial sponsorship," and sponsors can award grants to programs that support their marketing strategies.[6] The Institute of Medicine has said that CME has become too reliant on industry funding that "tends to promote a narrow focus on the products and to neglect provisions of a broader education on alternative strategies," such as communication and prevention.[7] For example, gabapentin (Neurontin), was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for adjunctive therapy in epilepsy, but Warner-Lambert sponsored CME activities that encouraged its use for off-label indications. The U.S. Department of Justice brought civil and criminal charges against Warner-Lambert, which Warner-Lambert settled for $430 million, alleging that Warner-Lambert paid kickbacks to doctors in the form of lavish trips to attend presentations about off-label uses.[8] More recently, AstraZeneca PLC has been fined $520 million in the United States for off-label promotion to doctors for their anti-psychotic drug, Seroquel. Industry-sponsored CMEs can violate federal statutes, according to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. "When a pharmaceutical manufacturer rewards high-prescribing physicians by directing a CME provider to pay (or overpay) them as CME faculty, consultants, or members of a speaker's bureau," wrote Morris and Taitsman.[6] 1. ^ "Standards for Commercial Support: Standards to Ensure Independence in CME Activities". Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education. http://www.accme.org/requirements/accreditation-requirements-cme-providers/standards-for-commercial-support. Retrieved 14 February 2012. 2. ^ "Continuing Medical Education". CME Schedule. http://www.cmeschedule.com/about-continuing-medical-education-cme/. Retrieved 14 February 2012. 3. ^ Ahmed K, Ashrafian H (October 2009). "Life-long learning for physicians". Science 326 (5950): 227. doi:10.1126/science.326_227a. PMID 19815754. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=19815754. 4. ^ http://www.ama-assn.org/ama1/pub/upload/mm/455/licensurerereg-06.pdf 5. ^ Ahmed K, Ashrafian H, Hanna GB, Darzi A, Athanasiou T (October 2009). "Assessment of specialists in cardiovascular practice". Nat Rev Cardiol 6 (10): 659–67. doi:10.1038/nrcardio.2009.155. PMID 19724254. http://www.nature.com/nrcardio/journal/v6/n10/pdf/nrcardio.2009.155.pdf. 6. ^ a b c Morris L, Taitsman JK (December 2009). "The agenda for continuing medical education—limiting industry's influence". N. Engl. J. Med. 361 (25): 2478–82. doi:10.1056/NEJMsb0905411. PMID 20018969. http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/full/361/25/2478. 7. ^ Institute of Medicine, Conflict of interest in medical research, education, and practice. Washington, D.C., National Academies Press, 2009. 8. ^ Warner-Lambert to pay $430 million to resolve criminal & civil health care liability relating to off-label promotion. Press release of the U.S. Department of Justice, Washington, DC, May 13, 2004. Toutes les traductions de Continuing medical education Contenu de sensagent • définitions • synonymes • antonymes • encyclopédie • definition • synonym Publicité ▼ dictionnaire et traducteur pour sites web Essayer ici, télécharger le code; Solution commerce électronique Augmenter le contenu de votre site Parcourir les produits et les annonces Obtenir des informations en XML pour filtrer le meilleur contenu. Indexer des images et définir des méta-données Fixer la signification de chaque méta-donnée (multilingue). Renseignements suite à un email de description de votre projet. Jeux de lettres Les jeux de lettre français sont : ○ Anagrammes ○ jokers, mots-croisés ○ Lettris ○ Boggle. Dictionnaire de la langue française Principales Références L'encyclopédie française bénéficie de la licence Wikipedia (GNU). Changer la langue cible pour obtenir des traductions. 5525 visiteurs en ligne calculé en 0,078s Je voudrais signaler : section : une faute d'orthographe ou de grammaire un contenu abusif (raciste, pornographique, diffamatoire) une violation de copyright une erreur un manque merci de préciser :
January 8 From the Prologue Julian and Basilissa were of noble and wealthy parents. United in marriage, they vowed to live chastely as brother and sister. They distributed all of their property to the poor and both were tonsured. Julian founded a monastery and Basilissa founded a convent. Julian had about ten-thousand monks and Basilissa about a thousand nuns. When a terrible persecution began under Diocletian, Basilissa implored God that none of her nuns would become frightened of the tortures and would not fall away from the Orthodox Faith. The Lord heard the prayers of His worthy handmaiden and, in the course of six months, received unto Himself all the nuns, one by one and finally their abbess Basilissa. Before her death, Basilissa had a vision of her sisters [nuns] from the other world. To her, all of them appeared to her radiant and joyful as angels of God and beckoned their spiritual mother to come to them as soon as possible. Unlike Basilissa's convent, Julian's monastery was set ablaze by the persecutors and Julian was inhumanly tortured and died from the most difficult sufferings. During his tortures, the Lord watched over him and strengthened him so that he heroically endured, preserved his Faith and glorified the Name of Christ. Beheaded along with Julian were Celsus and Maronilla, the son and wife of the tormentor Marcian, who witnessing Julian's heroism in suffering and torture, were themselves converted to the Faith of Christ. Also beheaded were twenty Roman soldiers; seven brothers from that town; the presbyter Anthony; and a certain Anastasius, whom Julian at the time of his torture, resurrected from the dead by prayer. All suffered honorably for Christ and became citizens of the heavenly kingdom about the year 313 A.D. St Nicholas Russian Orthodox Church, McKinney, Texas
2021-12-08 01:34:54 Find the results of " soccer positions names " for you Soccer Positions Explained: Names, Numbers And Roles Names And Abbreviations For Key Soccer Positions. Goalkeeper. Defenders - Sweeper (SW) - Center-back / Center Full-back / Central Defender (CB) - Right and Left Full-backs (RB/LB) Position: Goalkeeper. The most defensive position in soccer; Main job to stop opposition goals; Also organises the defence and builds play from the back Videos for Soccer Positions Names See more videos for Soccer Positions Names 11 Soccer Positions Explained (Roles and Responsibilities) Notable Fullbacks: Javier Zanetti, Philipp Lahm, Dani Alves, and Cafu. One of the most challenging soccer positions in the modern game, the fullbacks on either side of the centrebacks have a number of defensive and attacking responsibilities. Soccer Positions Guide: Names, Roles, And Formations ... There are three categories of soccer position, including the forwards, midfielders, and defenders. Each category has their own set of positions determined by their location on the field. Many positions are meant to switch between defense and offense depending on which team has the ball. What Are The Positions In Soccer? [11 Positions Explained] A soccer team is typically divided into 11 field positions with three main categories (defenders, midfielders, and forwards), with each player having a defined role during the match. But at the highest levels, soccer can become a very intricate game with a team’s tactics and formations influencing where each player will position themselves on the field meaning it can get a little technical… Soccer Position Numbers Explained (Includes Every Name and Role) Out of the eleven players that take to the field, one is a goalkeeper with the rest being defenders, midfielders, and forwards. A player's number will vary depending on the formation chosen by the coach. Their roles also vary depending on the specific position and instructions given to the player. Soccer Positions Diagrams 11v11 Soccer Formations The soccer positions diagram below shows a 3-2-3-2 formation with the team Attacking and all 3 Fullbacks Defending Deep. A 3-2-3-2 soccer formation is a Goalie, 3 Fullbacks, 2 Stoppers (who play like Defensive Mids), 3 Midfielders and 2 Forwards. This formations works well for many Rec Teams and there are many articles about it on SoccerHelp Premium.
Newspaper column: National Popular Vote veto is right call Nevada Democratic Gov. Steve Sisolak rightly chose to stand up for his state instead of his party and vetoed Assembly Bill 186 — the ill-advised Agreement Among the States to Elect the President by National Popular Vote. The bill landed on Sisolak’s desk after passing the Assembly and state Senate with every Republican voting in opposition and even five Democrats in the Assembly. It would have awarded Nevada’s six electoral votes — one for each representative and senator in Congress — not according to how Nevadans vote, but those six votes would have been awarded to the president and vice president team that wins the popular vote nationally. AB186 would have negated Nevada’s votes entirely since it would matter not for whom we vote. It would matter only how the populous states such as California and New York vote. “Over the past several weeks, my office has heard from thousands of Nevadans across the state urging me to weigh the state’s role in our national elections,” Sisolak wrote in a press release explaining his first veto of the legislative session. “After thoughtful deliberation, I have decided to veto Assembly Bill 186. Once effective, the National Popular Vote Interstate Compact could diminish the role of smaller states like Nevada in national electoral contests and force Nevada’s electors to side with whoever wins the nationwide popular vote, rather than the candidate Nevadans choose.” The Founders chose to elect presidents via an Electoral College rather than by popular vote to further the Federalist system in which each state is sovereign. They gave smaller states extra votes for each of its senators, just as every state sends two senators to Washington no matter its population. Until the 17th Amendment in 1913 changed the process to a popular vote, state Legislatures elected senators so the states could protect their sovereign powers from usurpation by Washington. The National Popular Vote has already been approved in 14 states and the District of Columbia. That represents 189 electoral votes. The measure would be binding, though probably face a legal challenge, once states representing a majority of 270 out the 538 electoral votes join the compact. Approval of the National Popular Vote probably would have turned Nevada into a state ignored by the candidates for president. On the day of the veto, Democratic presidential candidate Bernie Sanders was campaigning in the Silver State. A baker’s dozen of the 20-odd Democratic presidential contenders have already visited here, some multiple times and more visits are scheduled. One proponent of the measure was Battle Born Progress. Its executive director, Annette Magnus, was quoted by various news media as saying, “We are disappointed that Governor Sisolak chose this bill, of all bills this session, to be his first veto. AB186 was a chance for Nevada to move towards the principle of every individual person’s vote for President mattering in national elections. This compact agreement would have eliminated the perception that one’s vote doesn’t really count because one lives in a ‘red’ state or ‘blue’ state, which serves as a source of disenfranchisement for many voters.” Similar bills came up in the Nevada Legislature in 2009 and 2017, but failed to pass. If the National Popular Vote had been in force in 2000 Nevada’s then four electoral votes would have been enough to flip the election to Al Gore, even though George W. Bush won the popular vote in Nevada by 49.5 percent to 46 percent, winning every county except Clark. Bush won the electoral vote 271 to 266, but lost the popular vote by 540,000 nationally. The instigation for the current push is the fact that in 2016 Donald Trump won the Electoral College vote by 304 to 227, though Hillary Clinton won the popular vote by 2.9 million. Clinton won by 4 million votes in California. This country was not founded as a democracy. It was founded as a republic … if we can keep it, as someone once said. The governor’s veto is a move in the right direction to keep it. 10 comments on “Newspaper column: National Popular Vote veto is right call 1. Steve says: And the reason Clinton lost was her’s and her campaign’s “strategic decision” to actively ignore those states Trump turned to his corner. Had the Clinton and her campaign listened to the Sanders campaign, they would have been actively defending those states by campaigning on the ground head to head with Trump. That alone shows the power of the electoral college to force candidates to pay attention to the whole country, not just the population centers. In fact, the Electoral College ensures all our votes are totally “franchised” and really do count in presidential races, unlike the twisted explanation offered by Annette Magnus @BBP While both major party candidates were and remain horrible choices, we should all be totally grateful the candidate who, obviously, did not understand how the country she wanted to run was (and still is) designed to elect it’s administrative leader was ejected by the system designed to elect the more “qualified” of the field. Believe it or not, the system in place elected the candidate the country deserved…at the time. 2. Bruce Kester says: There are 3,141 counties in the United States. Trump won 3,084 of them. Clinton won 57….57 in the entire United States! To zero margins even closer, she got over 2 million votes more than Trump in 4 of the 5 boroughs in NYC. That alone spelled the difference in her 1.5 million popular vote nationwide advantage. Four New York City boroughs tipping the scales of the election for the rest of the United States should give evidence to the wisdom of the Constitution. The perpetrated fraud that claims 57 counties should have dictated the outcome of this presidential election relies on the rabid voice given to the left – In this instance. The tables will change…. Conservatives will probably find little to agree with Sisolak during his tenure, but on this they should declare undying gratitude. 3. Anonymous says: Los Angeles County has 9,818,615 people residing in it. It is the largest county by population in the country according to the last census. Kalawao County has 88 people residing in it. It is the smallest county by population in the country according to the last census. On what rational basis should these two counties be entitled to an equal vote in a presidential election? Surely not because the decisions made by the president equally affect both. Definitely not because the continued vitality of the nation is equally represented by the respective places? The ONLY basis, is that republicans can’t win elections when peoples voices carry equal weight. You guys man. 4. Bruce Kester says: Anonymous: Read the 3rd paragraph of your response. My analysis utilized counties as the method used to pinpoint the popular vote by location. Your response is that by no rational basis should the people in these two counties be entitled to an equal vote in a presidential election. 5. Anonymous says: Sorry Bruce I really tried to understand what you just wrote but I can’t. Could you dumb it down for me a little? 6. Agreed Tom. The Electoral College ensures that winning supermajorities in one region of the country is not sufficient to win the White House. That’s the whole point. But…far leftists want the massive urban populations to control everything which is why they support this nonsense. In addition, the ridiculous national popular vote campaign violates Article I, Section 10’s requirement that interstate compacts receive congressional consent. Also…the fact that the structure of the Electoral College clause of the Constitution implies there is some limit on the power of state legislatures to ignore the will of their state’s people. I was surprised by Sisolak’s move but happy at the outcome. 7. Bruce Kester says: Anonymous: I guess all I can suggest is you try to understand the meaning of a representative republic vs. a democratic form of government. Try to understand your outrage is because of the side of the issue you are on as it is now. When the pendulum swings will you merely jump to the side that best suits you? 8. Anonymous says: Bruce I’m pretty clear on the meanings of words and when I’m not I can look them up on this here computer. So that’s nice. I just asked if you could dumb down what you said because in spite of knowing the meaning of all the words you used, they just didn’t make much sense in the context you used them. And finally, I recall a certain republican loudly condemning the Electoral college not so long ago when our last president fell behind the republican candidate for a short time on election night. He tweeted about the country needing to stage a revolution because of how wrong the Electoral College was and my guess is, his….followers, were fired up and ready to go. The right likes it now because they’ve won two elections when the majority of the voters didn’t want them to win. If tht changed, the right would change and right quick. Probably laughing loudly and saying stuff like how they “owned” the libs. 9. Rincon says: So the votes of some minority individuals should count for more than those of the average voter because we don’t want oppression by the majority. Is that what we’re saying here? And am I right that the minority deserving this special treatment would be the one consisting of people from lower population areas, but no other minority deserves this kind of treatment. Also correct? OK, I think I’ve got it. Just one more question – Aren’t you guys against special treatment of minorities? Why is this different (other than the obvious)? 10. Steve says: In this instance, “special treatment” is equally applied to all minorities. And those population centers happen to be full of totally despised wealthy people who want their voices to be louder than the rest of the country. Leave a Reply You are commenting using your account. Log Out / Change ) Google photo Twitter picture Facebook photo Connecting to %s
Deep Time Painting of a pre-historic animal on a cave wall What is deep time? Deep time and its interference with human time are key issues in the Anthropocene. What is deep time? And how do we interfere with it today in ways that are characteristic of the Anthropocene? In the history of science, deep time is a relatively recent discovery. Generally, what we mean by deep time is geological time or cosmic time, in other words: billions of years. Astronomers estimate that the big bang happened about 13.8 billion years ago and the earth to have formed 4.54 billion years ago. This is real deep time. In contrast, according to traditional Christian world views, for example, God created the world — and the plants, animals and humans on it — no more than a few thousand years ago. There are still religious fundamentalists holding this belief today. 19th- and 20th-century scientific cosmology and geology overturned such views. Modern science has historicized “nature.” It all started with Earth history. With the ice ages that preceded the warming of the Holocene, scientists in the 19th century began to recognize that the earth’s climate had changed many times, and quite dramatically, since the planet had formed in our solar system. The theory of evolution introduced by Charles Darwin meant that life on Earth also has a history. Plant and animal species are not unchangeable forever. Rather, most of the plants and animals that have been around on Earth in the past have died out or evolved into something different. Deep time is key to understanding such evolutionary and geological processes. Their time is different from the processes we experience in human society. The latter operate on an entirely different timescale. For example, the average human life expectancy is still below a hundred years. The cultural memory of oral traditions extends two to three generations (though some elements of such a tradition may go significantly deeper than that). Cultures based on writing generally create longer traditions. Think of Judaic, Christian, Islamic and Buddhist religious traditions which go back a few thousand of years. However, this is still a long way from geological timescales. So, what does it mean to state that human time interferes with geological time in the Anthropocene? We are only beginning to explore this question. What seems clear enough though is that, as humanity has become a geophysical force in the Anthropocene (Anthropos), the changes are beginning to show on the huge scales of geological deep time. For example, according to some recent model calculations, anthropogenic climate change has already delayed the next ice age by at least 100,000 years. In other words, our emissions of greenhouse gases in the last 150 years — which equals five generations — are causing an effect we can expect to last 3333 generations, or roughly half the time our species (homo sapiens) has been around on Earth. Franz Mauelshagen Researchers: Erich Draganits, Michael Jursa, Christian Köberl, Michael Wagreich
Explore BrainMass Explore BrainMass Man on ice sheet: Can he reach solid land by throwing the rock; how long will it take? A man of 60 kg mass is stuck on a sheet of ice 10m from solid land. The coefficient of friction between the man and ice is 0.03. He has a 5 kg rock which he can throw with a speed of 12 m/s. a) Can he reach solid land by throwing the rock? b) If so, how long will it take him? © BrainMass Inc. brainmass.com November 29, 2021, 11:53 pm ad1c9bdddf Solution Preview a.) The man throws rock of mass 5 Kg with speed 12 m/sec, by law of conservation of momentum, the man will get some initial velocity. m1v1 = m2v2 =>60v1 = 512 => v1 = 1 m/sec Now, let the man stops after travelling a distance s. work done ... Solution Summary The expert determines if a man can reach solid land by throwing the rock. How long it will take hime is determined.
How do you whiten yellowed yarn? Does vinegar whiten wool? Does bleach turn wool yellow? Chlorine bleach won’t whiten woolen fabrics; instead, it can create a yellowish cast that’s difficult to remove. … Exposure to sunlight and storing white wool clothing, bedding or linens in an airtight space can also cause yellowing. Why does wool turn yellow? Most fabrics, including wool, tend to yellow over time as a natural process of ageing and exposure to light, air, body oils and dirt takes effect. Even the products used to clean and bleach wool can contribute to this yellowing. How do you fix yellowed wool? Can you use peroxide on wool? THIS IS FUN: How do you make yarn lights? Can you use bleach on wool? Wool is a natural material made from the fleece of lambs, sheep and goats. … While ordinary chlorine bleach is suitable for lightening some natural fibers, it will damage wool. To safely bleach wool fibers, use a combination of hydrogen peroxide, washing soda and detergent. How do you get old stains out of wool? Soak a linen cloth (they don’t shed lint) in a solution of half white vinegar and half wool detergent mixed with cool water. Then use this cloth to dab at the stain, working inwards and on the reverse of the garment to stop the stain spreading. Again, scrape off any excess residue from the spillage. Can you use hydrogen peroxide on wool carpet?
Skip links Ethereum spells disruption Analysis. In the past, the word blockchain was automatically associated with cryptocurrencies. Such a system designed for digital transactions is Bitcoin, with opinions around it being split between supporters and critics. Enthusiasm for Etherum, a new game player, reached new peaks in 2017’s Q1, with 93.8% of 1100 survey respondents feeling positive about it. An explanation is Ethereum’s design that allows for a lot more than just digital transactions. This article describes what makes it special and how it impacts user privacy. While, on the one hand, open-source, distributed and programmable blockchain enhances user privacy, it also gives rise to new risks in this area. I have recently heard, for the first time, about Ethereum. Something, something, cryptocurrency, something, something. It’s supposed to be revolutionary. Unfortunately, I did not get much of what the revolution is about. So I met with Troels Plenge who is an Ethereum enthusiast and an organiser of the Ethereum Copenhagen Meetup. A coffee and a very good chat during which he explained basic concepts from the Ethereum ecosystem. Ethereum is based on blockchain technology. The blockchain is a public ledger (a journal, a record book) where transactions are recorded and confirmed anonymously. It’s a record of events, a record that is shared (distributed) between all the actors involved. Therefore each actor has a real-time updated copy of this public ledger. When a transaction happens, this event is grouped together with other transactions that happened in the last 10 minutes in a cryptographically encrypted block. Once information is entered, it cannot be altered. All in all, blockchain is a new way of storing and recording transactions and connecting them cryptographically in blocks, making sure they resist tampering (intentional malfunctioning or sabotage). The fact that every transaction processor has a copy of the database (blockchain) makes the system fully transparent. Imagine blockchain functioning like an “internet brain”, with multiple computers working in the same time and knowing the same thing. Hard to cheat, innit? This technology was first used to create a cryptocurrency – the Bitcoin, whose market cap (total value of the cryptocurrency economy) is at the moment of writing at approximately 39 billion USD and with a value per bitcoin (BTC) slightly over $2400. When Bitcoin appeared, the internet was amazed at the possibilities enabled by cryptocurrencies, but even more at the other applications of blockchain itself. Bitcoin was just the beginning of blockchain technologies, based on a peer-to-peer mindset that was present in the past in projects such as the defunct Napster, torrent, filelist etc. Among other cryptocurrencies that followed Bitcoin, there is Ether (ETH). Ether (Ethereum’s cryptocurrency) is trading at around $230, with a market cap at 21 Billion USD. Ether’s growth rate in the 23 months since its appearance puts it right behind Bitcoin. In a recent article for The New York Times, Nathaniel Popper argues that: In this context, it seems that Ether becoming the largest cryptocurrency in the world is just a matter of time. How did this happen? A platform for dApps Ethereum is a public programmable blockchain that enables smart contracts to be used for digital contractual agreements. Compared to Bitcoin’s blockchain that is designed only for making payments, the programmability of Ethereum increases the system’s flexibility in that it can be used for a wider variety of applications. Behind Ethereum is the Ethereum Foundation, whose mission is to promote and support research, development and education to bring decentralized protocols and tools to the world that empower developers to produce next generation decentralized applications (dApps), and together build a more globally accessible, more free and more trustworthy Internet. Developers use the Ethereum network to create and showcase decentralized applications (dApps). A dApp is a set of smart contracts. The dapps work on a peer-to-peer basis, just like the rest of blockchain tech, a paradigm that consists in eliminating the middle-man. Imagine an Airbnb, in which users simply trade directly with each other. Instead of having a User1 – Airbnb – User2 relationship, now it’s all happening on a User1 – User2 basis. A decentralized, open-source, community-based network Blockchain technologies function on a decentralized principle. Decentralisation is possible on blockchain – based Ethereum as the blockchain serves as a database to store and run software and transfer assets. Not all data should be stored on a blockchain, as it is costly solution. Therefore decentralized storage systems are created, where a user or a system can store their own data and share them with others if needed. Such a storage system is a dApp, decentralized applications developers can create on top of Ethereum. Decentralised storage systems are a type of dApp that allow data to be stored encrypted across multiple computers , while the data owner can decide who should access those data. Using Ethereum, developers can build a system that incentivizes users to put their storage online. Two examples of such projects are StorJ and SWARM, the later developed by Ethereum Foundation. Troels Plenge explains the benefits of storing content and data in a decentralized manner: Normally a lot of data is being used to serve, for example, a website. Suddenly, if you load a dApp, that data is no longer hosted on a server, centrally. The content will be stored in one of the decentralized storage systems, while the source code will be on the blockchain. This ensures transparency and puts users in control of their data. In the same time, dApps are open source. This means that the code behind each project is open for the community to review it and replicate it, if desired. Being open, the community can check and compare whether the original project or any of its different replicas is better. For example, if the community finds holes in the original code of a dApp, they can verify the other replicas to check whether those faults have been fixed and whether there are other that need to be addressed. Developers would have the option to choose which project to support after they looked at all the available options. In this way, transparency increases the quality, hence the value of the project. Crowd-funding 2.0. – Validation, Adoption, Value Anyone can create their own currency on Ethereum by issuing tokens. Tokens in the Ethereum ecosystem can represent any fungible tradeable good: coins, loyalty points, gold certificates, IOUs, in game items, etc. These tokens are compatible with the wallet that holds Ether too. Developers who want to build a new project on Ethereum can crowdfund it by issuing a new token, to be used whenever interaction with their online product occurs. The developers can then sell the tokens to investors or supporters of their project. The more a particular token is used, the more value it has, hence the more valuable a dApp becomes. Once the number of adopters increases, the value of the project increases. Therefore, by getting involved with a project, each user makes an investment into the project. In this way, anyone can crowdfund their own project on Ethereum. Ethereum becomes an alternative to existing stock market, aimed at developing open source projects. Some notable crowdfunds were those of Status, Gnosis and the Brave Browser. Status, a messaging platform and mobile browser for interacting with decentralized applications that run on the Ethereum Network, managed to raise over $60 million. Moreover, Gnosis, a platform for prediction market applications, raised $12,5 million in minutes. Finally, the Brave Browser, a fast, free, secure web browser with a built-in AdBlock, tracking and security protection, managed to gather $36 million in 30 seconds. dApps in practice There are several types of dapps in the Ethereum ecosystem, where projects are working on providing decentralized identity, decentralized computing, decentralized storage, decentralized internet, instant and cheap payments, stable currencies, decentralized social media, open source browsers, decentralized human ATM’s and much more. For instance, Althea provides decentralized internet by enabling you to put your own antenna on your roof and provide internet access or to connect two cities or villages with a fibercable and get paid for providing this internet service. And it would all be totally anonymous. Another interesting project is the Enterprise Ethereum Alliance (EEA) which includes members such as Microsoft, Samsung, JP Morgan, Santander, Intel, British Petroleum, Toyota Research Institute, Thomson Reuters, Rabobank, The National Bank of Canada, ING. The purpose of the alliance is to connect Fortune 500 enterprises startups, academics and tech vendors with Ethereum experts. The goal is to create enterprise-grade software based on Ethereum blockchain. Another notable member of EEA is Consensys. Consensys is a hub, a venture production studio, building dapps and different tools for blockchain with a focus on Ethereum. Photo Steve Jurvetson / Flickr(CC) Governments and public institutions have a history of adverse relations in what concerns decentralized open-source solutions. But this does not mean blockchain is impossible to implement in the public sector. The Georgian government uses a system based on blockchain technology for developing land registry. The Estonian government’s project e-Residency offers anyone in the world government-issues digital ID. Anyone can therefore register online and manage remotely an EU-based company. It is not yet certain how easy they will adopt Ethereum dApps.What is certain though is that Ethereum’s nature, development speed, efficient solutions and diversity of actors involved in the ecosystem might be a heavy burden for an opposing government. Talking to Troels Plenge about the applications we use today that can not be decentralized, he points at possible difficulties in creating a decentralized search engines: When using the decentralized web, people are likely to become more concerned about their privacy. I don’t think they will share as much data as they do today, such as their search history. If there is less data to analyse, a search engine becomes less efficient. But I don’t know yet, I think we have to wait and see how creative people are in finding solutions to problems like this one. Speaking of which, user privacy is a rather interesting field in what concerns Ethereum and dApps. User Privacy In terms of user privacy, the discussion is multifaceted. On one hand, user privacy is enhanced. Ethereum’s CTO suggests that the “open chain makes people think, think of what data they actually want to place in the wild and what data you want to keep safely locked away on the users’ machine.“. Therefore, the fact that blockchain can not be erased or edited can be the driver of public awakening regarding data sharing. Secondly, the decentralized nature of Ethereum and dApps prevents data from being leaked, modified without authorization or accessed under governmental orders. For those concerned about government intrusion into private life, Ethereum provides a technical solution that renders such risks impossible. Troels Plenge makes the point that: It will be more difficult for public institutions to get access to user data, now that everything will be encrypted and decentralized. Moreover, being open source, Ethereum creates a suitable space for PETs (Privacy Enhancing Technologies). PETs benefit from the community scrutiny, with valuable feedback that strengthens and patches holes in a dApps code. The resulting privacy-enhancing dApp becomes close to indestructible. One example of privacy-enhancing dApp is uPort. uPort makes it possible for users to take ownership over their digital identity when they want to authenticate online. The user can create several authentication options and choose between them, allowing for better control over which information should be disclosed during different sessions that require web login. The Brave Browser , developed by Mozilla’s co-founder, blocks all advertisement by default and offers payment with attention tokens to those who agree to accept ads. On the other hand, user privacy can be severely affected. Even if users became more aware of the dangers of privacy infringement, this does not necessarily mean users will become more cautious in their online behavior. There are several studies around this privacy paradox, the latest suggesting cynicism as the cause for the disparity between privacy concern and online behavior. Therefore, there is a possibility that increased awareness might not increase responsible online behavior at all. In terms of governmental access to user data, the restriction mainly applies when data is collected by private entities. If governments introduce dApps in public management, the situation might be slightly different. The celebrated transparency of blockchain will most likely apply to citizens’ personal data, rather than to public money spending, for example. Such trends drive further away from allowing citizens the option to adjust “privacy settings” of their public records. In this context, increased data transparency could surely benefit companies and governments, yet not so much users/citizens autonomous decisions over their privacy. Finally, the complexity, novelty and continuous adjustment of Ethereum make it impossible for end users to develop personal self-defence tools for digital privacy. Blockchain technology is still being digested by the tech world, while in the same time being developed at high speed. Products and services enabled by communities such as Enterprise Ethereum Alliance might not be based on Privacy-by-Design principles, or even consider the term due to the nature of blockchain solutions. In the future, most online users will probably not even be aware they are using dApps. Such context will make it difficult for those who are concerned about their online privacy to take active measure towards protecting it. With a policy of “Rules defined by adoption”, there is a high degree of responsibility assigned to dApps creators to offer ethical options for adoption. Troels Plenge is positive in this sense: The Ethereum project is still very young, but I imagine future solutions that will make it easier for end users to make decisions regarding their privacy. An example would be an application that helps comparing the privacy levels of different dApps. Concluding. A Society Reboot. Ethereum changes a lot of things. From offering an alternative to classic financial markets, to the way web applications are built and the way code and data are being stored. Public institutions are attracted by the ideas behind this system and big corporate actors are already developing their own versions of dApps. The notion of online crowdfunding is rebooted, giving entrepreneurship a new meaning. Projects manage to raise immense figures by speculating project value, perhaps a new risk for investors. In this new context, the status of user privacy is unclear. On one hand, Ethereum offers full transparency and allows the knowledgeable to check how a dApp’s code is running. This means dApps could be compared according to the way they collect and process data and their approach to user privacy. Privacy Enhancing Technologies (PET) such as the Brave Browser are likely to prosper in this environment, giving users new tools to protect themselves online. Moreover, governmental bodies can no longer require backdoor access into databases due to the decentralized nature of the Ethereum concept. However, governments are starting to explore these technologies for themselves. Data becomes more open, it can be shared among different actors, which means private and public entities can use each other’s data bases. Once collected, data cannot be deleted. This has great implications for user privacy and the right to be forgotten, one that is recognized in the EU on legal grounds. Moreover, while users seem to be more concerned when using the decentralized web, this does not necessarily involve less shared data. Research around the privacy paradox proves the discrepancy between concern and change in behavior. In terms of regulation, Ethereum can not be regulated by legal means. The new EU General Data Protection Regulation, for example, would be very difficult to implement in this setting. The only way Ethereum can be regulated is by its own community. Responsibility falls on those who create sets of rules and those who choose the best sets of rules to follow. It is therefore very important to be aware of who the actors with most decision power are. If you have further questions regarding the functioning of Ethereum, which you most likely do, it’s probably a good idea to check this article out. You’ll find there a digestible explanation of ether and Ethereum for those without a wide background in blockchain technology, cryptocurrencies and the like. I would also like to thank Troels Plenge for all the valuable input.
Pinhas Rutenberg Pinhas Rutenberg (Russian: Пётр Моисеевич Рутенберг, Pyotr Moiseyevich Rutenberg; Hebrew: פנחס רוטנברג‎: 5 February 1879 – 3 January 1942) was a Russian Jewish engineer, businessman, and political activist. He played an active role in two Russian revolutions, in 1905 and 1917. During World War I, he was among the founders of the Jewish Legion and of the American Jewish Congress. Later, he immigrated to Mandatory Palestine, and through his connections managed to obtain a concession for production and distribution of electric power and founded the Palestine Electric Corporation, currently the Israel Electric Corporation. A vocal and committed Zionist, Rutenberg also participated in establishing the Haganah, the main Jewish militia in pre-war Palestine, and founded Palestine Airways. He subsequently served as a President of the Jewish National Council. Pinhas Rutenberg Pinhas Rutenberg 1941-1923.jpg Pinhas Rutenberg c. 1940 Born(1879-02-05)5 February 1879 Died3 January 1942(1942-01-03) (aged 62) Socialist and revolutionaryEdit Pinhas Rutenberg was born in the town of Romny, north of Poltava, Russian Empire, now in Ukraine (also the hometown of Haim Arlosoroff and three of the founders of the first kibbutz, Degania). After graduating from a practical high school, he enrolled to the Technology Institute in Saint Petersburg and joined the Socialist-Revolutionary Party (also known as the S.R. or Eser party). He worked as a workshop manager at the Putilov plant, the largest Petersburg industry. The plant was a center of the Assembly of Russian Factory and Plant Workers, founded in 1903 by a popular working class leader, Father George Gapon. Gapon collaborated in secret with the Police Department (the Okhrana), which believed this to be the way to control the workers' movement. Rutenberg became Gapon's friend, which made him a noticeable figure in the S.R. party. On Sunday, 9 January 1905 (Old Style date), Gapon organised a "peaceful workers' procession" to the Winter Palace in order to present a petition to the Tzar. Rutenberg participated, by his party's approval. In a tragic turn of events, army pickets fired directly into the crowd, and hundreds were killed. Amid the panic, Rutenberg retained self-control and actually saved Gapon's life, taking him away from gun fire. This incident, known as Bloody Sunday, sparked the first Russian Revolution of 1905. Gapon and Rutenberg fled abroad, being welcomed in Europe both by prominent Russian emigrants Georgy Plekhanov and Vladimir Lenin, and French socialist leaders Jean Jaurès and Georges Clemenceau. Before the end of 1905, Rutenberg returned to Russia, and Gapon followed him. Gapon soon revealed to Rutenberg his contacts with the police and tried to recruit him, too, reasoning that double loyalty is helpful to the workers' cause. However, Rutenberg betrayed his trust and reported this provocation to his party leaders, Yevno Azef and Boris Savinkov. Azef demanded that the traitor be put to death. Ironically, he was in fact an agent provocateur himself, exposed by Vladimir Burtsev in 1908. On 26 March, 1906, Gapon arrived to meet Rutenberg in a rented cottage out of St. Petersburg, and after a month he was found there hanged. Rutenberg asserted later that Gapon was condemned by a comrades' court and that three S.R. party combatants overheard their conversation from the next room. After Gapon had repeated his collaboration proposal, Rutenberg called the comrades into the room and he left. When he returned, Gapon was dead. However, the S.R. party leadership refused to assume responsibility, announcing that the execution was undertaken by Rutenberg individually and the cause was a personal one, denying ever having sent their comrades to the meeting on 26 March. Rutenberg was then condemned and expelled from the party. Turn to ZionismEdit Pinhas Rutenberg c. 1942. Forced to emigrate, Rutenberg settled in Italy. Away from politics, he concentrated on hydraulic engineering. Pondering on specific Jewish problems, he became convinced that the solution was to establish a national home for the Jewish people. After World War I broke out, the Zionist movement mainly supported the Entente Powers. Rutenberg set the goal to create a Jewish armed force to fight for the Land of Israel. He visited European capitals, met prominent politicians and Zionist leaders, and finally joined the efforts of Jabotinsky and Trumpeldor to set up the Jewish Legion. In May 1915, on Jabotinsky's approval, Rutenberg travelled to the United States to promote this idea among the American Jewry. He found strong support among Jewish organizations in New York City. Rutenberg endorsed the labour party (Poalei Zion) and cooperated with David Ben-Gurion, Itzhak Ben-Zvi, and Ber Borochov. Together with Chaim Zhitlowsky, he founded the American Jewish Congress. At the same time, Rutenberg published his book The National Revival of the Jewish People under the pseudonym Pinhas Ben-Ami (in Hebrew: my people's son). While in the US, Rutenberg managed to complete a detailed design for utilizing the Land of Israel's hydraulic resources for irrigation and electrical power production, which was his long-time dream. Passport used by Pinhas Rutenberg in 1919 to escape from Odessa Rutenberg greeted the Russian February Revolution of 1917, and in July 1917 he returned to Petrograd, welcomed by the prime minister of the Russian Provisional Government, Alexander Kerensky, also an S.R party member. Despite 12 years of absence in Russia, Rutenberg was soon named vice-president of the Petrograd municipality, the local Duma. In a couple of months, Petrograd Soviet, headed by Leon Trotsky, became an alternative power in the capital, hostile towards the Duma. It was clear that the Soviets were planning to overthrow the government. On 3 November Rutenberg became a member of the emergency Supreme Council, created by Kerensky to preserve order and justice. During an assault on the Winter Palace on 7 November, the night of the October Revolution, Rutenberg defended the government residence after Kerensky had escaped. When the Bolsheviks prevailed, he was arrested and put in jail, together with the "capitalist ministers". In March 1918, when German troops approached Petrograd, the Bolsheviks released Rutenberg, among many others. He moved to Moscow, the new capital, and took a position in the cooperative movement. However, after the unsuccessful attempt upon Lenin's life by Fanny Kaplan in August 1918, the "Red Terror" campaign against "Esers" was launched. Rutenberg escaped from Moscow. His last location in Russia was in the port city of Odessa, where he was a member of the defense committee. The city was governed by White Russians who were supported by the French army. On 17 March 1919 he managed to obtain a Russian passport and with an exit visa boarded an American vessel that took him to the Allied-controlled city of Constantinople. From there he sailed to Marseille, later going on to the United Kingdom before departing to British Mandate of Palestine. In PalestineEdit The first diesel-powered station in Tel Aviv, architect Joseph Berlin, built in 1923[1] The Naharayim power station. 1935 Naharayim. 1937 Ruins of the Naharayim power station. 2009 In 1919, Rutenberg appeared in Paris and joined other Zionist leaders, preparing propositions for the Treaty of Versailles. Promoting the electrification plan, he received financial support from Baron Edmond James de Rothschild and his son James A. de Rothschild and, finally, settled in Palestine to realise it. However, his first contribution after arrival was establishing, together with Jabotinsky, the Jewish self-defense militia, the Haganah.[dubious ] Rutenberg was the chief officer of these troops in Tel Aviv during the Arab hostilities in 1921. He participated in the demarcation of Mandatory Palestine's northern border, defining British and French areas of interest. In 1921 – over fierce Arab-Palestinian protests against giving the Yishuv an economic stranglehold of the country – the British granted Rutenberg the Jaffa and (later) the Jordan River electricity concessions. The Jaffa concession had been the first to have been executed. Operating under the name of the Jaffa Electric Company, Rutenberg in 1923 built a grid that gradually covered Jaffa, Tel Aviv, neighbouring (mainly Jewish) settlements, and the British military installations in Sarafend. The grid was powered by diesel engines, in contrast to the original commitment of Rutenberg to build a hydro-electric power station on the Auja (Yarkon) river.[2] In 1923, Rutenberg founded the Palestine Electric Corporation. Following initial difficulties in launching the project, he sought and received support from then Colonial Secretary Winston Churchill.[3] Rutenberg invited influential British politics, Lord Herbert Samuel and Lord Reading, as well as Hugo Hirst, the Director of the General Electric Company, to be members of his Corporation Council. The formidable achievement of Rutenberg was the "First Jordan Hydro-Electric Power House" at Naharayim on the Jordan River, which opened in 1930, and earned him the nickname "The Old Man of Naharayim".[4] Other power plants were built in Tel Aviv, Haifa, and Tiberias, which supplied all of Palestine.[5] Jerusalem was the only part of the Mandatory Palestine not supplied by Rutenberg's plants. The concession for Jerusalem was granted by the Ottoman Empire to Greek citizen Euripides Mavromatis. After Palestine was conquered by British forces, Mavromatis resisted Palestine Electric Company's attempts of building a power station that would serve Jerusalem. Only in 1942, when his British-Jerusalem Electric Corporation failed to supply the demands of the city, did the Mandatory government ask the Palestine Electric Company to take over the responsibility for supplying electricity to Jerusalem.[6] Rutenberg died in 1942 in Jerusalem. A large modern power station near Ashkelon is named after him. Additionally, streets in Ramat Gan and Netanya are named in his honor. 1. ^ "Gallery of the first power stations". Israel Electric Corporation. Retrieved 10 February 2021. 2. ^ Shamir, Ronen (2013) "Current Flow: The Electrification of Palestine". Stanford: Stanford University Press. 3. ^ "The Seventh Dominion?". Time magazine. 4 March 1929. Archived from the original on 1 October 2007. Retrieved 24 May 2007. 4. ^ Avitzur, Shmuel. "The Power Plant on Two Rivers". Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 12 May 2007. 5. ^ "Zion, Ten Years After". Time magazine. 4 April 1932. Archived from the original on 24 May 2011. Retrieved 12 May 2007. 6. ^ Naor, Mordechai (25 January 2004). "An electrifying story". Haaretz. Retrieved 12 May 2007. External linksEdit
Prince Philip, the Duke of Edinburgh and husband to Queen Elizabeth II, has died at the age of 99. • Born in Corfu, Greece, on June 10, 1921, Philip was a member of the Danish and Greek royal families, as the son of Prince Andrew of Greece and Princess Alice of Battenberg. • Duke of Edinburgh had four sisters: Cecilie, Sophie, Margarita and Theodora. • Philip attended school in France, England, Germany and Scotland before he entered the Royal Naval College in 1939, according to a Royal Family biography. The college, at Dartmouth in western England, trains future naval officers. It was at that time that King George VI and Queen Elizabeth, the Queen Mother, toured the college along with their daughters Princess Elizabeth and Princess Margaret. There, young Elizabeth, who was 13 at the time, grew fond of Philip and they started exchanging letters. • Philip and Elizabeth were engaged in 1946, and married the following year in Westminster Abbey. He assumed the titles of Duke of Edinburgh, Earl of Merioneth and Baron Greenwich. Together, they would have four children: Prince Charles (b. 1948), Princess Anne (b. 1950), Prince Andrew (b. 1960) and Prince Edward (b. 1964). Princess Elizabeth would become Queen Elizabeth II in 1952, ending Philip’s naval career. What is Prince Philip full name? He came into the world on June 10, 1921, as Prince Philip Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg of Greece and Denmark, born on the kitchen table of the royal holiday villa on the island of Corfu. So his real name is Philip Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg. What was Prince Philip’s name before he married the Queen? Prince Philip gave up his own hereditary title of Prince of Greece and Denmark to become Philip Mountbatten, Duke of Edinburgh, when he married the then-Princess Elizabeth in 1947. After she became queen, he became known as Prince Philip of the United Kingdom. Why did Prince Philip change his name to Mountbatten? Philip saw little of either parent in the years that followed. His father retreated to the French Riviera with a mistress, and his mother’s relatives in the UK helped raise him. He would later adopt their surname, Mountbatten – an anglicised form of the family name Battenberg. What religion is Philip? Who becomes prince after Philip? Prince Charles has inherited his father’s title of Duke of Edinburgh following Prince Philip’s death at age 99, but will eventually pass it on to his brother Prince Edward. Who is next in line for the throne after Prince Charles? After the queen dies or steps down, Prince Charles is next to the throne, then Prince William. After Prince William, the heir to the throne would be his eldest son Prince George. Why is Harry 6th in line for the throne? Prince Harry is sixth in line to the throne after the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge’s two other children, Princess Charlotte and Prince Louis. Although Prince Harry’s son Archie Windsor may not have an official title, he also has a spot in the line of succession. Why is Prince Philip not king? Even though he had an important role in the palace, he was not made ‘King Consort’ because he was a foreigner,” he wrote. Philip was born a prince of Greece and Denmark — so, following the precedent set by Albert, he would not have been able to be king consort. Elizabeth became queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain in 1952, on the day her father, King George VI, died. Philip did not become the king due to a longstanding rule of the British monarchy which decrees that a man who marries a reigning queen will be referred to as Prince Consort. Here are the Prince Philip videos to look back his life. Philip and Queen Elizabeth video: A 70-year love affair From the start of their long marriage, the relationship between Queen Elizabeth and the late Prince Philip was a love match. Prince Philip: Officer, husband, father – video His Royal Highness Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, lived most of his long life in the public eye. Born a European prince, he became the husband and vital support to one of the most famous women in the world. In the process he carved a leading role of his own in Britain and the world. Video: A look at Philip’s 73 years of marriage to the Queen For the first time in more than 70 years, Queen Elizabeth is without her husband — a man who, royal experts say, could make her laugh and be a shoulder for her to lean on throughout her entire reign. Video: Philip Talks About His Role In The Royal Family On Today In 1969 Duke of Edinburgh spoke to Barbara Walters about his unique role in the royal family and whether he believed the queen would ever abdicate, allowing Prince Charles to take the throne in her lifetime. Video: A look back at the Duke of Edinburgh’s life Donald Trump pays tribute to Prince Philip Donald Trump has paid tribute to Prince Philip following his death, saying in a statement that the death of the Duke of Edinburgh is an “irreplaceable loss for Great Britain, and for all who hold dear our civilization”. “Prince Philip defined British dignity and grace. He personified the quiet reserve, stern fortitude, and unbending integrity of the United Kingdom,” Mr Trump said. The former president lauded Prince Philip for serving “Britain honourably and courageously as a naval officer in the Second World War” and for putting “his life on the line for God, country, and the values of freedom and self-government that forever unite America and the United Kingdom”. Mr Trump added that Prince Philip’s “greatest legacy” will be “his exceptional example of service, constancy, and patriotism”. He also mentioned the duke’s wartime efforts with the Royal Navy during battles in the Mediterranean and “the pivotal Allied invasion of Sicily in 1943”.
Are frozen fruits and vegetables healthy? Are frozen fruits and vegetables healthy? Are frozen fruits and vegetables healthy? Do frozen fruits and vegetables lose nutrients? A study conducted on the consumption of fruits and vegetables showed that from 2015 to 2020, Americans who did not consume these foods were unable to fulfill their average requirements of fruits and vegetables. This shows how vital frozen fruits and vegetables have become. Fresh fruits and vegetables have the same amount of nutrients as frozen ones. They are a great option because you can keep them in the freezer for a long time, maintaining all their nutrients. They provide the convenience you can choose the fruit or vegetable you like already peeled, cut, and ready to eat. (1, 2, 3*) Increasing use of these frozen foods raises some questions, the chief among them being: are frozen fruits and vegetables healthy at all? And if they are, how do they compensate for the use of fresh fruits and vegetables? To answer queries regarding the effectiveness of them, you should be aware of the nature of frozen and fresh organic foods. How healthy are fresh Fruit and Vegetables How healthy are frozen fruits and vegetables? In the United States, these foods may take as long as a year to reach the market. That means from the time they are picked to when they come to your kitchen, fresh fruits and vegetables pass through quite the test of time. You must be wondering how, then, fresh fruits and vegetables appear “fresh” and nutritious when they reach your kitchen? Two crucial steps are involved to ensure this freshness. First, fruits and vegetables are picked before they are fully ripe. This allows them to be mature on their way to the market, and they do not rot. Second, during their transport, fresh fruits and vegetables are kept in a cold and controlled environment. This ensures the preservation of nutrients and natural antioxidants within them. This practical and straightforward two-step technique keeps the fruits and vegetables fresh during their transport and distribution. Frozen form Unlike fresh veggies, frozen ones are processed a bit differently. First of all, fruits and vegetables meant to be frozen are picked when they are fully ripe and are at their best nutritional state. Secondly, after being picked, they are thoroughly washed and cleansed. Thirdly, after cleaning, fruits and vegetables are cut and immediately frozen and packed (usually within 4 hours). No additives are added to them until they are frozen. Frozen Foods May Lack Some Vitamins You must have heard about the loss of nutrients in frozen fruits and vegetables. While it is a fact that a few vitamins may be lost during the processing of these foods, the lost quantity is negligible. Also, the risk of fruits and vegetables losing nutrients remains high during the initial stages, such as cleaning and cutting. Once they are frozen, they retain all the remaining vitamins and nutrients. During cleaning, fruits and vegetables are boiled to kill harmful germs. However, during the process of vitamin B, some water-soluble vitamins and antioxidants may be lost. The second stage where nutrients are lost is cutting or chopping. After storage them, they retain most of the beneficial ingredients, but not all, and remain nutritious and healthy Nutrients decrease when stored Some vitamins remain intact in frozen fruits and vegetables while others such as vitamin C keep decreasing even during this stage. Moreover, the decrease is more prominent in some fruits than it is in others. For example, research shows that vitamin C in green peas decreases by 51% in the first 48 hours after picking. Interestingly, antioxidants may increase in frozen fruits. This is due to the storage of them at shallow temperatures. Although nutrients keep on decreasing from the stage where they are picked, the amount of nutrients that frozen fruits retain exceeds the lost ones. That means even when they lose some vitamins, frozen ones are still consumable and healthy Fresh vs. Frozen: Which Is More Nutritious? Are frozen fruits and vegetables healthy? The evidence from various studies suggests that the frozen products, whether retain their nutritional value for the most part. Additionally, if some studies highlight the changes in the nutritional value of fresh and frozen ones, these differences are usually minor. It is also suggested that vitamin A, E, antioxidants, and Carotenoids are almost in equal quantities in both fresh and frozen fruits and vegetables. Various studies slightly differ in their results because they use samples from different sites: some use products from supermarkets while others take the same from within the storage sites. Benefits of Frozen Fruits and Vegetables Frozen veggies More Vitamin C and Fibers For instance, frozen peas and spinach, when brought from the market, may have more Vitamin C in them. Similarly, fiber content may also increase in some green vegetables when they are frozen. In a nutshell, freezing some fruits and vegetables makes them rich in Vitamin C and fibers. Additional Benefits of Frozen Vegetables and Fruits • Freezing enables you to choose from a selection of vegetables worldwide with the same flavor experience in or out of season. • Frozen vegetables require no preparation, and you can use as much or as little as you want to eliminate waste. • Fast, convenient, and available throughout the year. We can prepare frozen vegetables can be in minutes by steaming, frying, or micro-shaking. • Organic frozen fruits and vegetables are a great way to get your ‘A Day.’ But there are more benefits like: They are Fully Ripe Frozen fruits and vegetables are harvested after they are fully ripe. Shortly after that, they are frozen, and nutrients and antioxidants stay in their original condition. On the other hand, fresh ones are picked, they start losing nutrients. They are not allowed to ripe completely. Instead, they are harvested well before they are ripe. They are ready and nutrient-rich when you buy them from the market. On the other hand, fresh fruits and vegetables may not be fully prepared when they reach the market. They may not be at their nutritional peak when they get to the supermarkets. They are Additive-free Most frozen natural foods do not contain any additives, partly because they are not left waiting for additives to be added to them and frozen immediately. So if you are not a fan of additives in your fruits and vegetables, it might be ideal for you to try them in frozen form. They are Versatile One of the essential advantages of these frozen foods is that we can use them in various ways. • You can add them to smoothies. • They can be melted or heated for porridge or spread. • Frozen vegetables can be used with olive oil and as chef ingredients in various fried foods. • They do not require washing, cutting, or peeling. If you want a ready-made alternative for fresh ones, their frozen counterparts are the best choice for you, even if you prefer the former ones. They save a lot of your time that would otherwise be spent on preparing fruits and cooking fresh vegetables. While fresh and frozen fruits and vegetables are almost equally rich in nutrients and antioxidants, there are a few benefits if you use frozen forms of these products. For example, they may be rich in Vitamin C; save a lot of your time; are usually additive-free. Written by Muddassir Abdur Rub M. D. Recent Posts
• Question: can horses blod clots Asked by Mindy Mae to Kevin on 1 May 2016. • Photo: Kevin Baker Kevin Baker answered on 1 May 2016: Hi Mindy Mae! Yes, horses can get blood clots. Anything that has blood in its body can clot its blood. Blood clotting helps heal your body, but some times too much clotting or clotting at the wrong time happens. This is when clotting is dangerous. Horses, people, monkeys, and birds all have blood, so they can clot. However, some living organisms do not have blood like you and me. Insects for example do not have blood!
Skip to main content Month Day September 01 Wreck of the Titanic found READ MORE: Why Did the Titanic Sink? Efforts to locate and salvage the Titanic began almost immediately after it sank. But technical limitations—as well as the sheer vastness of the North Atlantic search area—made it extremely difficult. American oceanographer and former Navy officer Robert D. Ballard, who was based out of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution in Massachusetts, led his first search expedition in 1977, which was unsuccessful. In 1985, along with French oceanographer Jean-Louis Michel, Ballard again set out to locate the wreck, this time with an experimental, unmanned submersible called the Argo, developed by the U.S. Navy. The Argo traveled just above the ocean floor, sending photographs up to the research vessel Knorr. In the early morning of September 1, Argo was investigating debris on the ocean floor when it suddenly passed over one of the Titanic‘s massive boilers, lying at a depth of about 13,000 feet. The next day, the body of the ship was discovered nearby. It had split in two, but many of its features and interiors were remarkably well-preserved. Hundreds of thousands of bits of debris were scattered in a 2-square-mile radius around the ship. The wreck was subsequently explored by manned and unmanned submersibles, which shed new light on the details of its 1912 sinking. READ MORE: The Real Story Behind the Discovery of the Titanic The Titanic is now routinely explored, and several thousand artifacts have been recovered. Ballard—who was celebrated as a hero after the discovery—has led several more high-profile search expeditions, including of the RMS Lusitania and the USS Yorktown. PLUS: The Craziest Titanic Conspiracy Theories, Explained First Muslim holiday U.S. postage stamp is issued Pittsburgh Pirates field MLB's first all-Black lineup Bobby Fischer becomes the first American to win the World Chess Championship Chechen separatists storm Russian school Qaddafi leads coup in Libya Aaron Burr acquitted of treason Atlanta falls to Union forces Germany invades Poland First Japanese player makes MLB debut P.T. Barnum brings European opera star Jenny Lind to New York A teenage boy murders his father Korean Airlines flight shot down by Soviet Union Federal legislation makes airbags mandatory King George refuses Olive Branch Petition Soldier recounts brush with poison gas
Common Practices in Religion Write a 850 word summary that addresses the following topics: · Describe the difference between the academic study of religion, and devotional practice and advocacy. · What is the definition of religion? · What are common questions, concerns, practices, and experiences across various world religions? Include indigenous religions in your discussion. · What are some critical issues to the academic study of religion? · Where do religious ethics come from, and what role do they play in the practice of religion? Format your paper consistent with course-level APA guidelines.
kids encyclopedia robot Kingdom of Iceland facts for kids Kids Encyclopedia Facts Flag of Iceland (1918-1944) Kingdom of Iceland flag. The Kingdom of Iceland (Icelandic: Konungsríkið Ísland; Danish: Kongeriget Island) was a constitutional monarchy that had a personal union with Denmark. The kingdom was created on 1 December 1918. It lasted until 17 June 1944 when a national referendum created the Republic of Iceland. The Act of Union, signed on 1 December 1918, allowed Iceland to create its own flag, declared its neutrality and asked Denmark to help with its foreign affairs and defense interests. The Nazi German occupation of Denmark in the early-1940s broke off their communications. As a result, the Althing named themselves the head of state and said that Iceland would no longer need Denmark's help. The island was later occupied by British and American forces. This lasted until World War II ended. The monarchy held an constitutional referendum from 20 and 23 May 1944. The option to establish a new republican constitution won with 98.5% of the vote. Christian X of Denmark sent a message of congratulations to the Icelandic people. kids search engine Kingdom of Iceland Facts for Kids. Kiddle Encyclopedia.
Y. Iwasa Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review 66 Citations (Scopus) In some mammalian genes, paternally and maternally derived alleles are expressed differently: this phenomenon is called genomic imprinting. Several-explanations have been proposed for the observed patterns of genomic imprinting, but the most successful explanation is the genetic conflict hypothesis--natural selection operating on the gene expression produces the parental origin-dependent gene expression--because the paternally derived allele tends to be less related to the siblings of the same mother than the maternal allele and hence the paternal allele should evolve to be more aggressive in obtaining maternal resources. The successes and failures of this argument have been examined in explaining the observed patterns of genomic imprinting in mammals. After a brief summary of the observations with some examples, a quantitative genetic model describing the evolution of the cis-regulating element of a gene affecting the maternal resource acquisition was presented. The model supports the verbal argument that the growth enhancer should evolve to show imprinting with the paternal allele expressed and the maternal allele inactive, whereas a growth suppressor gene tends to have an inactive paternal allele and an active maternal allele. There are four major problems of the genetic conflict hypothesis. (1) Some genes affect embryonic growth but are not imprinted (e.g., Igf1), which can be explained by considering recessive, deleterious mutations on the coding regions, (2) A gene exists that shows the pattern that is a perfect reversal (Mash2), which is needed for placental growth, and yet has an active maternal allele and an inactive paternal allele. This can be explained if the overproduction of this gene causes dose-sensitive abortion to occur in early gestation. (3) Paternal disomies are sometimes smaller than normal embryos. This is a likely outcome of evolution if imprinted genes control the allocation between placenta and embryo by modifying the cell developmental fate. (4) Genes on X chromosomes do not follow the predictions of the genetic conflict hypothesis. For genes on X chromosomes, two additional forces of natural selection (sex differentiation and dosage compensation) cause genomic imprinting, possibly in the opposite direction. Available evidence suggests that these processes are stronger than the natural selection caused by female multiple mating. Finally, the same formalism of evolution can handle an alternative nonconflict hypothesis: genomic imprinting might have evolved because it reduces the risk of the spontaneous development of parthenogenetic embryo, causing a serious threat to the life of the mother (ovarian time bomb hypothesis). This hypothesis can also explain major patterns of genomic imprinting. In conclusion, the genetic conflict hypothesis is very successful in explaining the observed patterns of imprinting for autosomal genes and probably is the most likely evolutionary explanation for them. However, for genes on X chromosomes, other processes of natural selection are more important. Considering that a nonconflict hypothesis can also explain the patterns in principle, we need a quantitative estimate of various parameters, such as the rate of dose-dependent abortion, the degree of female promiscuity, and the rate of spontaneous development of the parthenogenetic embryo, in order to make judgments on the relative importance of different forces of natural selection to form genomic imprinting. Original languageEnglish Pages (from-to)255-293 Number of pages39 JournalCurrent Topics in Developmental Biology Publication statusPublished - Jan 1 1998 All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes • Developmental Biology • Cell Biology Dive into the research topics of 'The conflict theory of genomic imprinting: how much can be explained?'. Together they form a unique fingerprint. Cite this
Beard history April 10, 2021 · 7 min read This article is written for men who actually want to know where the figurehead of masculinity originated. You will read all about the comings and goings of different beard styles throughout our history. Since there is hardly any documentation about beard-wearing men in prehistoric times due to a lack of writing, we will start in this article with antiquity. You will briefly learn the history of wearing the beard from ancient times to the present day. The origin + function of the beard Throughout the history of mankind, beards have had different functions. When the Earth had a colder climate than it does now, body and facial hair were meant to provide extra warmth. A beard also appeared a bit more violent and could also be used to intimidate local tribes. Nowadays, beards are grown as a status symbol, fashion statement, and to radiate masculinity. The history of the world is indicated in periods. A period is a certain time in which a civilization undergoes a major change, such as the learning and application of writing, the union of large tracts of land, or inventions of innovative technology. These periods are prehistory (prehistoric times), antiquity, the Middle Ages, the Renaissance, and the modern era. Receive all must-reads once a week. The beard was worn through all periods and thus had different functions. Ancient times Ancient men grew beards because of the warmth, a certain intimidation factor, and protection. It protected their mouths from dirt and in some parts of the world from the bright sun when human skin was less resistant to UV rays. Growing facial hair creates an optically stronger jawline, which in turn creates a deterrent look. Phenicia is a region on the Mediterranean Sea, which is now Lebanon. The first discoveries have been made in this area, which means that it can be said with certainty that the ancient people devoted time and attention to their beards. The sarcophagus (stone coffin) depicts a beard style that runs from ear to ear and covers the cheeks and chin, i.e. a full beard style. Excavated Sarcophagus. Source: Project Gutenberg The men from Mesopotamia (Two-stream country, present-day Iraq) took great care of their facial hair. They used beard oil to care for the hair and jewelry such as braided rings to make their beards stand out. The beard style was long and full. → Read more: The best beard oil of today (not Mesopotamian era) Mask from the Akkadian empire. Source: Wikipedia Around 3000 years before Christ, the Egyptians already used ‘beards’ made of metal and gold, as a kind of mask. This was done by kings and rulers and served as a status symbol and token of appreciation towards the gods. Men of regular rank in society recognized the gods by coloring their beards, but with cheaper means. In India, beards were long grown and worn and symbolized wisdom and honor. The beard was well-groomed. And, in fact, as a punishment for adultery, the beard was cut off in public. Moments later, the Persian people are known for having started grooming and decorating their beards at an early stage. They used natural oils from plants and made beads and necklaces, especially for the beard. In China, men did not shave from the belief that the human body should not be modified because it is a gift from the parents. Soldiers of the Terracotta Army, for example, had a mustache and goatee. The Greeks used their beards as a sign of honor and courage, the beard even having an elevated status and being frequently mentioned in scriptures. The Greeks only shaved their beards during periods of mourning or when carrying out a punishment. The Spartans did this by cutting off large pieces of the beard. The shaving of the cheeks did not become a custom until around 350 BC. This was because Alexander the Great stated that soldiers were not allowed to wear beards. He did this for practical reasons because enemy soldiers could grab the hair and possibly gain a small lead on the battlefield. This custom was quickly adopted by the rest of the empire. This resulted in faces on the coins of kings suddenly being depicted without a beard. The men who held tight when wearing their beards were philosophers. Coin with Alexander the Great without a beard Lucius Tarquinius encouraged the use of the first ‘razors’ during his reign of Rome (535 BC), thereby suddenly improving the hygiene of the beard-wearing man. Although complete shaving was still not fully accepted, the first barbershops were established on the main streets of ancient Rome. These shops were usually used by men who were not slave drivers because otherwise, a slave would do the shaving of course. A few decades later, shaving was accepted in ancient Rome. The well-known philosophers and their typical busts, however, are almost all still depicted with a beard. The Saxons were also beard-wearers, up to the 7th century. Christianity enacted a law declaring that men should shave. The Templars apparently disagreed, and when they started their crusades the beard was seen again among the fighting knights. There was a free expression of ‘style’, as beards, mustaches, and haircuts were all allowed for hundreds of years to come. The Middle Ages During the Middle Ages, a beard was seen as brave and masculine. Touching someone else’s beard was therefore seen as treason and reason enough to challenge a duel between the two men. Most nobles and soldiers thus wore beards, while the unmarried priests were shaved clean. A little later, around 1600, the Flemish painter Van Dyck made paintings in which he painted blue blood with beards. His own beard style is now known as the Van Dyke. The men of this time already used pomade, grease, and brushes to style their hair. → Read more: The most popular beard styles of the moment + lookbooks Chinese emperors (1300-1700) are almost all depicted with beards. This is because they still held to the ideal of Confucius (see China in ancient times). The beard style was full and long. It was only at the beginning of the 17th century that a change took place: the length of the beard became shorter. In 1698, Peter I of Russia even introduced a law that taxed bearded men. In this way, he wanted to ensure that Russian culture was more in line with Western Europe. 19th century The 19th century had two struggles when it comes to facial hair: clean-shaven and lots of beards. The difference between high status and the regular man became less and you could actually do what you liked most at the time. What was a striking trend is that famous men such as Alexander III of Russia, Napoleon III, Charles Dickens, and Garibaldi wore a beard with pride. Giuseppe Garibaldi, founder of the Garibaldi beard style 20th century Its popularity declined in the early 20th century. Around the 1920s and 1930s, men wore a less noticeable form of facial hair, namely a mustache or goatee. Well-known faces are Hitler, Stalin, and Einstein. From 1920 the marketing landscape in America changed, causing many companies to jump into the possibility of selling their products to the masses. One of the first major ad campaigns was from Gillette, among others, which greatly increased razor sales. The result was an even further decline in the popularity of the beard and from 1920 to the 1960s a beard was hardly worn anymore. 1930 Gillette ad Wearing a beard did not become more popular again until the 1960s when groups such as The Beatles and the Beach Boys adopted the full beard style. Over time, certain beard models are made popular. Abraham Lincoln made the ‘chin curtain’ popular in the early 19th century. Henry Thoreau the chin strap. Wolverine de Mutton Chops and in 2017 that is the Bandholz by Eric Bandholz. Today, about 55% of all men worldwide wear a face mask. Facts From History
Germany’s stubborn coal industry Paula writes* It was with relief and a good dose of surprise that the news was heard in January: Germany will achieve its targeted emission limits for 2020. Although this previously seemed out of reach, the COVID-19 pandemic allowed emissions to be reduced by 42.3%. But this is not enough. It has been long known that coal must be phased out to mitigate climate change and meet the 2015 Paris promise of keeping global warming below 2 degrees. Germany is the largest producer of coal in Europe (see image). The energy sector constituted the largest share of CO2 emissions in 2018, with 34% of energy gained through coal in 2017. In 2020, the government announced the coal phase-out by 2038. It will be driven by increasing CO2 prices and state-ordered shutdowns of coal-fired powerplants. Moreover, it has recently become obvious that even from a purely economic point of view, the coal industry is ceasing to be profitable. This is mostly due to negative externalities caused by extensive greenhouse gas emissions. As CO2 emissions have been quantified and monetized by the EU’s Emission Trade System (ETS), production costs of coal energy will steadily increase. Additionally, the increasing competitiveness of renewable energies has resulted in lower electricity prices and hence decreasing market share for coal. Lignite mining will be economically unprofitable by 2030. To compensate for possible financial losses of the industry, the government will pay more than 4 billion euros to two of the biggest energy firms, RWE and LEAG. However, this amount appears to be €1.9 billion more than the firms realistically need to finance the transition. Moreover, despite the grim outlooks for the industry, RWE – the biggest producer of CO2 in Europe – is still deforesting areas and relocating villages to expand coal powerplants. This brings up the question of the role and interests of big energy firms in the coal-phase out. According to economic theory, inefficient firms should be eliminated under perfect competition as new firms enter the market and compete for profits in the long run. Thereby, resources are allocated to the most efficient producers. This theory does not hold in Germany, where the energy market has an oligopolistic structure, allowing big firms to keep producing despite cost disadvantages. One source of such imperfect competition can be lobbying and bribe-paying. A major lobbyist against the coal phase-out has been the “Wirtschaftsrat” (an association representing the interests of 12.000 businesses) – known for its proximity to the CDU, which is in the ruling coalition. More specifically, RWE’s close relationship to CDU politicians has given the company significant political influence, such as in the commission on energy-policy. The interests of big energy firms run against the public interest when it comes to Germany’s coal phase-out. Firms want to avoid losses and stranded assets by producing as long as possible. The “public interest” does not automatically mean pursuing sustainability goals, but it does mean allocating resources (including labor) to future-proof industries, reducing emissions, promoting ‘clean’ energies, and facilitating job transitions. Bottom Line: The market power of Germany’s big energy firms allows them to sustain inefficient production against the public interest. * Please help my Economic Growth & Development students by commenting on unclear analysis, alternative perspectives, better data sources, or maybe just saying something nice :). Author: David Zetland 2 thoughts on “Germany’s stubborn coal industry” 1. Dear Paula, this article hits close to home as I myself am German and have mostly grown up near or in former/current coal regions. The remnants of the coals and steel era are apparent in these regions’ architecture and many more aspects. Relating specifically to your discussion. The growing diseconomies of scale of coal have been evident and driven seemingly not only by the substitution of these energy sources with alternatives, but also relatively competitive countries (in this industry) in the form of Poland and the Czech Republic. This might be worthwhile exploring as a topic. Especially as the transition of coal to other sources carries endless amount of political and social considerations (of which you likely are aware of). This can be seen for example in the prolonging of the production mandate of the Turów coal plant until 2044. Furthermore, while I am aware that this might be too political, I would find it interesting to look at the interweaving of the CDU and the coal industry, but more poignantly at the role of coal workers in the CDU electorate, and how these socio-political relations have influenced the nomination of Armin Laschet (the head of one of the biggest producing regions In Germany and now of the CDU) and the possible political-economic considerations that underscore this. 2. Hi Theodore, Thanks for your reply! I want to respond to 3 specific points. Firstly, you bring up a really interesting point regarding the decreasing competitive advantage of German coal in the international market. As matter of fact, Germany today imports all its hard coal, as domestic production/ extraction has become too expensive in face of cheaper alternatives. This implies that existing hard coal power plants are run merely for the sake of avoiding an early abandonment aka making them a stranded asset. Secondly, the case of the Turow coal plant showcases the complex political and social dimension of this issue. Due to the fact the Polish power plant is located close to the German and Czech borders, it is an interesting example of the difficulties in managing negative externalities of polluting production, as they are not restricted to a nation’s border. Lastly, the often untransparent yet obvious connections between the CDU and the coal industry are definitely worth diving deeper into. On a very basic level, there is nothing new about labor unions (the coal workers) and other economic actors (large energy companies) trying to influence political decision-making in their interest. However, it seems that both of these actors might be overrepresented to some degree in their influence on the CDU. Leave a Reply
How Does Obesity Influence The Occurrence Of AFib AFib has a rising trend among the American population. Unfortunately, AFib occurs when your heart’s chamber starts to beat out of sync. Therefore, the muscular pump doesn’t work as efficiently as we would like it to work. This fluttering heartbeat can lead to serious health issues such as a heart attack or stroke. Additionally, AFib can be a one-time episode or a permanent ailment. Consequently, we can’t take AFib lightly, and it’s troubling how AFib has become an epidemic. For that reason, let’s discuss obesity as a risk factor for AFib as a way to halt rampant AFib progress. What’s Obesity? Obesity means that you are burdening your body with extra weight. Unfortunately, it can have widespread negative effects. Obesity affects many parts of your body but inflicts your cardio-vascular system the worst. However, how would you determine if a person is obese or not? Well, it’s more than a game of guessing, as we have scientific guidelines in place to help you determine that. Anyone with a BMI (Body Mass Index) greater than 30 can be considered obese. Obesity And AFib: Obesity is bad news, especially when we are talking about its connection with AFib. Specifically, obesity can increase the risk of AFib episodes by a swooping 50%. Moreover, obesity also increases the risk of recurrent AFib episodes. Thus, it boosts the possibility of an isolated AFib episode turning into permanent AFib. One reason behind this relation is that obesity leads to some health issues that increase the risk of AFib. Therefore, obesity has a direct and an indirect effect on AFib occurrence. Understanding The Relation Between Obesity And Afib: Extra fat, especially around your waist, has a direct effect on your heart. It can lower the working capacity of your ventricles, so the heart cannot efficiently pump the blood around your body. Moreover, the shape of the atrium also changes. In addition to structural changes, obesity can also interfere with the electrical and chemical signals of the heart. Overall, these alterations mess with the rhythm of the heart and make it weaker. Consequently, obesity directly correlates with increased incidences of AFib. However, the train of events doesn’t stop here because obesity has some indirect relations too. Extra fat can lead to hypertension, diabetes, sleep apnea, and coronary heart diseases. All of these also contribute to the weakening of your heart and increasing the risk of AFib. Decreasing Your Weight: Being obese doesn’t mean that everything can only go downhill. You can rebuild and improve your heart by shedding some pounds, and you can even stave off AFib. Thus, control of your diet and regular exercise can help you reach your goal. However, the journey won’t be easy, but it will be worth it. Additionally, with determination, you can reach your weight goals. Nonetheless, we are here to help if you have AFib and want to have a better life. You can rely on AFib Centers Of America for guidance and treatment. To learn more about how we can help you, call us today at (832) 478-5067 for booking and inquiries. Schedule Appointment This appointment is for
Is the science about how our mind works, how this affects language and how to use this knowledge to program ourselves. allowing our lives and the things we do seem easier and at the same time more efficient. PNL allows you comprehend how your mind works and supports you in the discovery process of our own mental programming and overcome those that do not let us achieve excellence in our lives. PNL presents us how we can, through communication and language, produce changes in people’s behavior and how to make your mind more effective, allowing you to take control and congruency between your beliefs, emotions, what you feel and what you do. PNL is an excellent tool for anyone that wishes to achieve total well-being in his/her life. Kareen Sued Prof Kareen Yasnaia Sued Vázquez Neurolinguistic Programmer
Skip To Content Paid Post Here’s Basically Everything You Need To Know About Your Gut Gut check! A healthy gut starts with a healthy mouth (and vice versa!) As the beginning of your gastrointestinal tract, your mouth — like the front door of a new restaurant on your block — is a good indicator of what the inside of your body is going to look like. Basically, if you do what your dentist tells you to do (eat healthy, brush, floss, etc.), it will make your doctor happy. AND if you do what your doctor tells you to do (eat healthy, exercise, etc.), it will make your dentist very happy, because a healthy gut leads to a decrease in cavities! Your esophagus is strong...yet sensitive. Your esophagus isn’t just a wet tube that connects your mouth and tummy — it’s actually a complex set of contracting muscles that helps move food from your pharynx to your stomach (through a process called peristalsis). Thanks to a ring of muscles called the lower esophageal sphincter, acid from your stomach and bits of partially digested food are prevented from entering your esophagus — which is good, considering stomach acid can essentially melt a razor blade. The stomach gets all the hype but does the least work. While the stomach is the clear breakout star of your digestive tract, it wouldn’t be anything without its supporting cast. The stomach’s main job is just to break down proteins and erode harmful bacteria with its acid (we know, pretty heavy metal, right?) before moving along the liquidy mass of semi-broken-down food (aka chyme) to the small intestine (which actually does most of the digesting and the absorbing of nutrients). The downside? Stomach acid also kills 90–95% of probiotics in the stomach passage when you eat fermented foods like yogurt or take probiotic supplements. That’s why you need to make sure you take a probiotic designed to survive your tummy. The small intestine sorts the good, the bad, and the ugly. As we said before, the small intestine’s job is to digest nutrients and absorb them into your bloodstream. But it also keeps out the bad stuff! The gastrointestinal tract is lined with mucosa, which is responsible for soaking up the good and, at the same time, keeps harmful things like waste and bacteria from entering your bloodstream. Additionally, even when there’s no food in your gut, the muscles in your small intestine go through a cycle that consists of multiple phases (the first being no contractions at all and the latter ranging from mild to strong contractions) every 90 to 120 minutes just to make sure you’re out with the bad and in with the good. Last stop: the large intestine. Before traveling to your rectum and anus (and then from there to the toilet and worlds unknown), that nasty chyme stuff makes one last quick stop in the large intestine. Affectionately known as the colon, your large intestine is responsible for the essential role of absorbing water/electrolytes into your bloodstream and for storing feces, an equally important doodie...erm, duty. The colon is also home to trillions — yes, trillions with a T — of bacteria. These can be good, bad, or neutral and go a long way to support your overall health. Having a “gut feeling” is real! And it can really affect your mental health. So, scientifically speaking, listening to your “gut” might actually be a thing. Inside your digestive system lives a tiny brain called the enteric nervous system (ENS), featuring more than 100 million neurons that run from esophagus to rectum. Creepy, right? Don’t worry; your tummy won’t ever take over as host Body Snatchers–style. According to Jay Pasricha, MD, “The enteric nervous system doesn’t seem capable of thought as we know it” but instead “communicates back and forth with our big brain — with profound results.” Research also suggests that those good guys in your gut, probiotics, may actually play a role in this communication back and forth — cool, huh? And although managing digestion is one of this tiny brain’s main jobs, it can also trigger changes in mood, stress, or even memory. Approximately 95% of your body’s happiness-inducing serotonin is produced in the gut, which is why a high percentage of people with Irritable Bowel Syndrome may develop problems with depression or anxiety. A healthy gut means getting sick less often. Are you one of those people who are seemingly sick all the time? It might be because your gut needs some TLC. In fact, 70% of your immune system is in your gut. Additionally, it’s where 80% of plasma cells that create Immunoglobulin A (an antibody that is crucial for your immune system). So be nice to your gut, and your gut will save you a couple sick days. The state of your gut can seriously affect you during your period. A study by BMC Women’s Health has concluded that “emotional symptoms occurring in conjunction with GI symptoms are common perimenstrually, and as such may reflect shared underlying processes that intersect brain, gut, and hormonal pathways.” Basically what this means is that while gut problems can increase menses-related symptoms, keeping your gut healthy can alleviate such symptoms. Gut health is super important for your kids’ development. For you parents out there, it’s especially important that your kids have a healthy gut in the early stages of development. One study in gastroenterology journal Gut has shown that a bad composition of microbes in a child’s gut early on can have negative effects on their immune system, potentially causing manifestations such as allergies. The status of a child’s gut also affects their mental health and even personality. Lisa Christian, PhD, a researcher with Ohio State’s Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research and microbiologist Michael Baily, PhD, studied the stool of 77 girls and boys and discovered a correlation between diverse gut bacteria in the intestine and positive personality traits such as positivity and outgoingness. No wonder kids get “hangry” when they haven’t eaten! So, as you can see, gut care isn’t just concerned with how well you poop. The more we learn about our guts, the more science is telling us it’s a vital part of our physical and mental well-being! Animation by William Smith / © BuzzFeed Now that you know EVERYTHING about your gut, here’s how to make it happy — combination of a probiotic-rich diet and taking probiotic supplements like RenewLife Probiotics.
The Future of Artificial Intelligence By Xiaoyi Liu Sci-fi humanoids such as the Terminator or the cyber-agents in The Matrix often come to mind as artificial intelligence moves our cars, gadgets and social networks and in new directions. But for computing innovator Rick Stevens, associate lab director at Argonne National Laboratory, AI means accelerating fast-thinking computers that could reveal clues to the treatment of diseases such as cancer. Rick Stevens is associate lab director at Argonne National Laboratory, professor of computer science at the University of Chicago, and principal investigator for the Exascale Computing Project’s (ECP) Cancer Distributed Learning Environment (CANDLE) project. (Image by Argonne National Laboratory.) Stevens’ exascale computing project would rev up artificial intelligence with data analysis that runs 1,000 times faster than current computing capacity. Artificial intelligence at this level could optimize climate predictions, designs for innovative machines, and diagnosis for brain injuries as well as customizing cancer treatment. As the principal investigator for the Exascale Cancer Distributed Learning Environment (CANDLE) project, Stevens is using artificial intelligence and the ever-growing cancer-related data to build predictive drug response models. That means speeding up pre-clinical drug screening to find the optimal drugs among millions of possibilities and drive personalized treatments for cancer patients. The Department of Energy (DOE) national laboratories: Argonne, Oak Ridge, Los Alamos, and Lawrence Livermore, are drawing upon their strengths in high-performance computing (HPC), machine learning and data analytics, coupled with domain strengths at National Cancer Institute and Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research to establish the foundations for CANDLE. In this drug response challenge, Stevens and his team screen cancer cells with different drugs and build a deep learning model from the results of 25 million screenings. The deep learning model is trained to capture the complex, non-linear relationships between the properties of drugs and the properties of the tumors to predict how well the drug will work on that particular tumor. The idea is that you could predict the response prior to treatment, according to Stevens. “You would have a prediction of which drugs that patient’s tumor most likely to respond to, and then you would presumably start the patient on those drugs,” said Stevens, a University of Chicago professor who specializes in computational biology. Currently, cancer treatment isn’t done with a predictive model. Oncologists rely on a set of drugs that are the standards in cancer treatment and they typically choose a combination of drugs from among them. But what combinations work best for a particular patient? If researchers and doctors need to combine three drugs together out of the 100 given drugs, that would mean 500,000 possible combinations. “Every tumor couldn’t be tried on half a million drug combinations,” explained Stevens. That’s why entering computational models that can learn what drug combinations have synergy for a particular individual – a situation where the drugs work together more effectively than the simple combination model – is needed. Based on molecular information of the tumor samples, exascale computing holds the potential to sort through all the combinations swiftly to find the best pairings. “That’s what our models are trying to do, which is to be able to predict the best sets of combinations for a given tumor, based on existing drugs that we know about,” he said. In this way, they can be used to provide treatment recommendations for a given tumor. Another goal of this project, according to Stevens, is to use these predictive models to drive experiments and develop new drugs. By predicting which compounds are more effective, these computer-based mechanisms can narrow down the possibilities of drug combinations with the best potential for further testing to greatly accelerate cancer research and cancer drug development. Ultimately this kind of technology will be used on patients, Stevens explained, but right now the models are dealing with tumor samples used in lab to collect the large amount of data needed. The project is not yet in clinical use, and predictions are made based on tumor samples, instead of making predictions involving patients. These models have to be validated before they can be put into large-scale practice, Stevens explained. He and his team are doing a lot of validation experiments, and the models can already predict response. “We are just trying to make them better,” Stevens said. “If somebody asks me how soon before normal cancer treatment strategies would use deep predictive models, I think it’s few years away.” Stevens is leading Argonne’s Exascale Computing Initiative that aims to develop exascale computer systems that can complete 1018 operations per second. That’s a million sets of a billion operations per second – artificial intelligence that is 1,000 times faster than current supercomputers. Such computing systems can quickly analyze mountains of data for predictive models critically needed for climate change, for modeling revolutions of galaxies in the universe, for designing drugs, for traumatic brain injury, and for simulating urban transit systems. Researchers will tackle manufacturing challenges uniquely solved by computer modeling with Argonne’s Theta, a pre-exascale supercomputer built to integrate simulation, data, and learning to drive forward. (Image by Argonne National Laboratory.) “Climate models are very, very useful,” said Stevens. “But they need a huge amount of computing, and that’s why we have to build an exascale machine.” By using quantitative methods to simulate the interactions of the important components of the climate system – including the atmosphere, oceans, land surface and ice – climate models can be used to project what will happen under various climate change scenarios. Daniel Horton, a climatologist in the Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences at Northwestern University, agreed that exascale computing will provide climate simulations that apply to smaller areas, and will help to improve severe weather projections. One example for this is the projection of thunderstorms, the most frequent phenomena of severe weather globally. In most global climate models, narrow, towering, thunderstorm clouds are simulated via parametrization due to their coarse resolution – a method that approximates the behavior of thunderstorms, but does not resolve to actual physics. Exascale computing will allow the simulation of the physics of individual thunderstorms within the model, and that ideally will allow the researchers to make better projections of thunderstorms and convective precipitation on a wider scale. “Global warming is changing precipitation,” Horton said. From a theoretical perspective, the atmosphere can hold more water vapor with increasing temperatures. The consequences of this for precipitation, is that it will likely rain less frequently, but when it does, it will rain more, causing greater risks. “We would like to be able to improve our ability to project these changes in precipitation,” he said. “And so the ability to resolve individual thunderstorms – using exascale computing, should help us in this process of projecting how precipitation might change into the future and where those changes might occur.” Climate modeling is very similar to other kinds of models in that they all need a lot of computing, and require bigger computers when higher resolutions are needed, according to Stevens. “All these models have in common that, to do a better job of them require more computing capabilities,” he said. “And that’s what behind the exascale computer.” Exascale computing is structured on the principles of co-design and integration, with three key focus areas in application development, software technology, and hardware and integration. The applications will exploit new hardware innovations and functions, according to Stevens, and some of these next generation features might find their way into personal electronics or computers in the future. For Stevens, machine learning and AI are strategies for making machines to solve the problems where researchers don’t yet understand the mechanics. For example, researchers may not know how to approach the challenge of designing a new material from first principles, but if they have thousands of examples of the structure of materials and the properties allow, scientists would be better able to learn the function that is needed to get the property they want. “We don’t actually know how to write down a way to solve those problems, but we might be able to learn from many, many examples, functions that approximate how to solve them,” he explained. “That’s what behind my interest in this.” Steven’s longstanding endeavor in applying computing to problems in the life sciences originates from his early interest in biological problems and bringing mathematical methods to understanding them. “Biology represents systems that are complex, and they evolve,” he said. “I’ve always been very interested in evolution and the origins of life and how these systems got the way they are.” “Now we can generate lots of data, we can actually approximate things like the genotype the phenotype relationship that before we had no idea how to write down,” Stevens said. “This idea of learning these really complex functions and then use them to advance research, that’s what I’m interested in.” Leave a Reply
The Importance of Representation in Video Games Representation is being able to see people similar to yourself in the environment you surround yourself in. This affirms our sense of identity, makes us feel like we belong, and is an essential element of being able to feel confident and happy. So what does this have to do with video games? A lot of our sense of identity is created based on the type of people and experiences we see in the media we surround ourselves with—whether that’s from books, movies, music, or video games. Being able to identify with people (real and fiction) in the media around us makes us feel seen, and is the basic principle of representation. Representation in video games, whether in characters or even in the people we see playing, is important to create the most immersive and positive experience possible, and not exclude anyone from the joy that is gaming. Representation Allows for Deeper Immersion Playing as a character who is similar to yourself in a video game makes it easier to lose yourself in the experience of the game and project into the story. Sharing characteristics such as race, gender, physical ability, style, or even personality help people relate and can pull you into the game’s universe. Some video game storylines might be unrealistic or leaning more toward sci-fi and fantasy narratives, so the argument against the urgent need for diversity and representation in characters does exist. If the world isn’t realistic why should the characters be? Well, what better way to make someone feel excited about playing a video game than for them to see a character who looks like them complete a top secret mission or win a race in a super fast car? It’s important to note that many people who dismiss the issue of representation are doing so from a place of privilege—they may have no issue in identifying with mainstream characters in the media, so they might not see the urgent issue at hand. When it’s hard to relate to a character, it can immediately take us out of the story. This disconnect with the narrative can make people feel excluded and discouraged from continuing to play the game. Video Games’ Rocky History with Diversity For being the art form that is arguably the most involved (combining visual arts with interactive storytelling and audio), video games have a history of being surprisingly narrow in their scope of representation and inclusivity. In recent years, strong, powerful, and inspirational female characters have been created, but in 2019 only 5% of games had a female protagonist. This may be due to an archaic idea that women aren’t playing video games—even though 46% of US gamers identify as females. People of color aren’t being as fairly represented in video game characters either, although with facts like Black and Latinx youth are playing more per day than white youth on average, it’s difficult to come to terms with why. The issue may lie-in who is creating these games behind-the-scenes. • Only 24% of game developers are women. • A whopping 81% of game developers identify as white/Caucasian/European A possible solution (or one that could at least get the ball rolling) is hiring a diverse staff at a leadership and development level, and bringing in diversity consultants before a game’s final launch to give feedback (Niantic does this, the company behind “Pokemon Go” and “Harry Potter: Wizards Unite.”) Importance of Representation in Streaming Representation is also important when it comes to streaming. In this day and age, so many gamers are finding a large, enthusiastic audience through streaming platforms like Twitch and YouTube. People tune in and watch online personalities play their favorite games from “Rocket League” to “Call of Duty” and more. This relatively new trend sees female-identifying gamers making up 35% of streamers on Twitch. For women, seeing real life streamers of their same gender can be arguably even more important than being able to play as a woman character—especially since many available female characters suffer from the impact of the male gaze and overt sexualization. Build Your Own Character Options One way video games can do better is by broadening the options of “build-their-own-character” RPGs. Games like “Call of Duty: Black Ops” allow you to customize skin tone and gender, while “Fortnite” is well-known for their wide variety of diverse playable characters of all skin tones, races, abilities, and genders. Adding customizable trait options such as height, weight, skin tone, and physical ability can help further the goal of a more diverse video game culture. For example, in 2016 Xbox added an option to add wheelchairs and prosthetic limbs to their avatars in order to better represent differently-abled people. Video games can at least easily allow players to choose their own pronouns instead of being forced to choose between “she/her” and “he/him.” Popular games such as “Cyberpunk 2077” and “Temtem” already do this, while “Call of Duty” provides the option of male/he, female/she, and “classified”/they (meant to represent non-binary players). If video game producers and creators are interested in providing an engaging experience that will encourage gamers from all backgrounds and abilities to get excited to purchase their games and play, they should be focusing on representation and diversity in their games—there really is no down side. 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Home » Project » Kinesthetic Communication Kinesthetic Communication Human-Machine Kinesthetic Communication (Lexikhum) The aim of this project is to build a lexicon of kinesthetic meaning units that would allow to approach the physical human-robot interaction as a sentence combining these meaning units. The emergence of these meaning units is studied in human-human interactions and the project is to extract the programmable parts by making computational models to build virtual partners, capable of producing an interaction as natural as with a human. These meaning units aim to be developed and studied by a multidisciplinary team of researchers who place the cognitive aspect of this interaction at the heart of their research. The quantification of the quality of human-human and human-virtual partner interactions is a expected contribution of this project, as it will provide a basis of units with precise knowledge of its plausibility and comprehensibility when coming from a human and when coming from a virtual partner. Automation in our daily lives – Technological changes in complex systems (e.g. in aeronautics) have profoundly altered the interaction between humans and machines. In the process, operators have found themselves dealing with increasingly complex and automated systems. Although the public has often been fascinated by the ingenuity of such systems, many more or less recent tragedies show the extent to which the interaction between humans and automated systems remains a sensitive issue. Thus, many studies underline the negative consequences in terms of safety and performance of system automation: difficulties in detecting errors or failures of the system (Kessel & Wickens, 1982), in understanding its current state (Sarter, Woods, & Billings, 1997) and in determining the appropriate actions for the continuation of the task (Endsley, 1999). These difficulties in the interaction between humans and automation constitute a major research challenge. The aim of this project is to participate in the understanding and compensation of these difficulties of interaction between humans and automatic systems. The difficult but necessary intelligibility of systems – The opacity of artificial agents is considered a major cause of these difficulties (Christoffersen & Woods, 2002; Dekker & Woods, 2002). Indeed, the lack of information sent back by the system on its own functioning and, upstream, the lack of possible dialogue on the status of the transmitted information, are central elements in the difficulties encountered by operators. Today’s complex systems tend to develop cascades of automatic reactions that diminish or even eliminate the operators’ ability to predict their functioning and provoke disproportionate and unpredictable events (Taleb, 2012). This lack of information refers to what has classically been called ‘system opacity’. The opacity of artificial systems tends to make it difficult to understand the intentions of these artificial agents. This state of affairs is likely to lead to difficulties in anticipating/understanding the actions of my artificial partner, thereby generating difficulties in terms of coordination, acceptability and sense of control. In this sense, the intelligibility of artificial systems (e.g. producing clear, predictable and understandable behaviour) is a major challenge for the systems engineering community. We believe that it is possible to use the haptic sense (a combination of touch and kinesthesia) to make artificial systems more intelligible, more predictable. However, if we consider the existence of communication, then we need to be able to send and receive clear and complete messages without disrupting the task, or at least in a way comparable to a human partner. To do this, we first want to identify the information needed for cooperation. Secondly, we want to produce kinesthetic messages that convey this information. In particular, we will evolve our models to obtain a behaviour whose message is as clear as possible for the user. The rate of understanding of this message by the test persons will be our main measure. We hope to build a lexicon, a base of messages, whose effective use as well as validity will be measured statistically, the project being in the long run to combine these messages to build a complex communication and thus increase the communication capacities of machines during human-robot interactions. We will call these messages kinesthetic sense units. These units can be arranged into complex messages called kinaesthetic discourses, i.e. sequences of kinaesthetic sense units that clarify the intention, the status of the information. Finally, we will evaluate the impact of these messages on the usability and acceptability of pilot assistance functions, as well as their impact on the human operator’s feeling of control. The objective of this project is to make machines intelligible through kinesthetic interaction. To achieve this objective four sub-objectives have been identified : The laboratory has developed a robot to study interactions with one degree of freedom. SEMAPHORO-1D (System for the Evaluation of Man-Robot Physical Manipulation). This system has made it possible to develop a kinesthetic sense unit for binary negotiation (Left-Right). This unit of meaning can be parameterised and allows to show a more or less dominant behaviour (Roche and Saint-Bauzel ICRA19, THRI accepted). This interface has also made it possible to study the notion of agentivity in collaborative decision-making and has shown that virtual partners do not produce a feeling of control over the interaction. This feeling of control has been measured with measures of intentional binding (Grynszpan et al., Concog 19). Finally, this interface made it possible to show that kinesthetic interaction is an implicit and rapid means of transmitting trust (Piezzulo, Roche and Saint-Bauzel, Nature ScR 20). Partnerships and collaborations The ANR collaborative scientific project brings together the following researchers: This project is also the source of an international collaboration with : Project members Ludovic Saint-Bauzel Maître de Conférences
How big is an acre? - letsdiskuss Official Letsdiskuss Logo Official Letsdiskuss Logo Trishna Dhanda Self-Starter!!!!! \| Posted \| Education How big is an acre? Student \| Posted What is an Acre? An acre is described as the unit of land which is either used for commercial purposes or residential. An acre of land denotes the cost of the land. The acre of land can be in different types of shapes such as rectangle, triangle, circle, square etc. One of the most commonly found shapes of a land area is 1 furlong which is also known as 66 by 66 feet. To measure 1 acre of the land, there is a length and width which equals 43,560 square feet. Therefore, 1 acre of land equals 43560 sq ft. The two major types of acres are: Commercial Acre: it is different from the residential acre because on a commercial acre, the government is subjected to any construction of a building or malls or govt property. These are generally found in large cities. Residential Acre: these are the land areas which are owned by the citizens of the country and are basically the land area for the construction of houses and personal things. How long is an acre? The only practical answer to these questions will be the shape of the land. Yes, how long is an acre, how much is an acre of land or how much land is an acre will only lead to one point that the shape of the land will decide the dimensions of the land area. The shapes of the lands can differ from triangle, hexagonal, or even circles, accordingly the dimensions would also be different from one shape to another. For instance, if one has to visualise how big an acre of land, it can be done by picturing almost 60% of the soccer pitch or on the other way, 75% of any American football field. Picture of the author
Can cats catch Covid? A pet cat in the UK has been diagnosed with Covid... 04 August 2020 Interview with Sarah Caddy, Cambridge University a ginger tabby cat scratching itself A couple of months ago we heard about Nadia the tiger at the Bronx Zoo in the US testing positive for coronavirus. And this week a 6 year old female Siamese cat made the news as the first animal to test positive for the disease in the UK. So could our pet cats and dogs be carrying the infection, and could they pass it on to us? Sarah Caddy is a vet and researcher at the University of Cambridge, and she spoke to Chris Smith... Sarah - Well, from studies of cats in a laboratory, it seems that the majority of cats don't actually get any signs of disease at all. Even if you give them quite high doses of infection. But we don't actually know if this really reflects what happens in a real world. So we're recommending that cat owners look out for similar signs you'd see in a human for COVID-19. Chris - Can they actually die of the disease or is it just generally trivial symptoms? Sarah - There's been no cases that we know of that have died from the virus at all. The reported cases have only had very mild symptoms. So the cat in question UK, had a runny nose and possibly a little bit of difficulty breathing, but certainly nothing life threatening. Chris - How do you think the cat got it then? And how do cats transmit the infection? The same way we do? Sarah - The particular cat in the UK, we know the owners of this cat were diagnosed with COVID-19. So in this case, we know that it went from owner to cat. And the other cases that have been reported worldwide, we think is a very similar situation. In terms of transmission, we expect it to be very similar methods for human to human. So droplets or aerosols, or very close contact between cats or between cats and humans. Chris - The critical question of course, Sarah, is if it can go from human to cat, can it come the other way? Sarah - There's no evidence that this has occurred, but as it is theoretically possible, we are recommending that any humans with Covid symptoms are employing very careful hygiene around their own cats and making sure you're washing hands and avoiding really close contact if possible. Chris - What about other family pets? Cause obviously some people are cat people, some people are dog people, some people keep birds. We've been asked about the risk of all of the above. Sarah - Absolutely. Experimental studies have suggested that dogs don't become readily infected with the virus. But having said that, a number of dogs worldwide have been detected to have virus in their bodies. Some dogs are known to make an antibody response, or an immune response, to the virus suggesting very low levels of infection, but we don't think they're as susceptible as cats. Chris - And what about pet birds? Cause someone wrote to me about their budgie. Is that at risk? Sarah - Going back to again, the experimental infections, chickens and ducks showed no evidence of getting infected at all. And that's as far as we know about birds actually. So I'm certainly not worried about pet budgies. Add a comment
Att förhålla sig till en översiktsplan. En fallstudie om hur väl en detaljplan rörande Söderlingska Trädgården överensstämmer med översiktsplanen Sammanfattning: A socially sustainable society is an important foundation for the citizens to feel safe and secure in the public space. A safe citizen does most often have better both physical and mental health and considering those points of view a socially sustainable environment is of great importance. To grow up in a society that provides a sense of place, social connection, mental health, and safety is extra important for the youth. The same goes to the elderly as a green environments’ that provides these important social aspects is of great importance to not increase the risk for diseases as well as to increase the safety aspect and the social inclusion. Parks and green outdoor environments are important to increase the citizens' health at the same time as the social aspects in the park result in other sustainable elements. The aim of this study is to, by performing an analysis of the relation between the comprehensive plan and the detail plan, understand how guiding the comprehensive plan is in a park based detail plan. This was done with help of a review of the plans that have a relation to the Söderlingska garden in Gothenburg. The study has been done to help develop the parks further and is interesting from a plan process perspective.What can be shown by the results is that the detailed plan and the comprehensive plan do not correspond in all the social sustainability aspects. The detailed plan does not have as great focus on health, social connection, and availability as the comprehensive plan, but did correspond with the safety aspects in the physical planning. A closer analysis of the park is needed to be made if the planners want to conform the detailed development plan to the broader comprehensive plan.
Lifestyle change Where do consumers get their health and nutrition information? Is it accurate? Misinformation is a common theme among health, nutrition and other topics. Consumers use a multitude of sources for nutrition information, including healthcare professionals, friend or family member, news articles or headlines, health-focused websites and television news. A person’s age may determine where individuals search for health and nutrition information. Older Americans trust health care providers, including Registered Dietitians, as well as scientific studies to guide their health and food decisions. Many consumers reported making changes in their eating habits, such as reducing or eliminating certain foods or increasing healthy foods, after talking with a health care professional. Consumers are more careful about information from apps, blogs, culinary professionals and food companies. Government agencies are on the border between trusted and not trusted, but research shows that trust is increasing slowly. There are many sources that share information on nutrition and health, including pharmaceutical companies, independent professionals, foundations, government agencies, academic institutions, peer-reviewed journals, general health journals and fitness centers. It is best to seek out the credentials of the individual, organization or publication to confirm their expertise in this area. The internet is one of the first places many people use to search for information. However, less than 25% of internet searches for health information may provide relevant results. People tend to seek out and eventually find, information with which they agree. Here are some red flags to look for that may trigger a concern that the information may not be science-based. Look at the credentials of the author to be sure they have expertise in this area. Identify if the website sponsor is mainly marketing and selling their products, which could be a red flag that they may only share information that promotes their products. Check to see when the information was last updated. If websites are not updated frequently, the information may not be the most relevant. Another big red flag is to check for misspellings and poor grammar, which may indicate that it is not be a reliable resource. Understanding internet addresses can help you to determine the type of organization providing the information. Commercial and for-profit organizations that may be selling their products will use a .com address. Federal government and sometimes state organizations will have a .gov address. Educational institutions use an .edu address. Industries in the health field and non-profit organizations use an .org address. This may help you to identify the background of the information. Another way to learn more is to read what is listed on the website under “About Us” and look at the credentials of individuals on the website. Use the same guidelines for the many health-related apps that are available for phones. Here are some trusted websites that provide science-based health information that may be useful to you: National Library of Medicine (, National Institutes of Health (, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ( Food and Drug Administration (, Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics ( and University of Maryland Extension ( You must be logged in to react. Click any reaction to login. Recommended for you (0) comments Welcome to the discussion. Be Truthful. Don't knowingly lie about anyone or anything.
James Baldwin Biography 735 Words3 Pages James Baldwin once quoted in life, “I am what time, and circumstance, history, have made of me, certainly, but I am also, much more than. So are we all.” Essentially, this quote explains exactly what he illustrated in writing. He faced the situations a lot of authors were afraid to discuss which have impressed people. Simply being certain about what he believed or felt made him who he was. James Baldwin went from an observant young Harlem boy to a successful peacemaker, playwright, and author. Baldwin’s upbringing sparked his decision to become a writer, laying the foundations to his success. James Arthur Baldwin was born August 2, 1924, in Harlem, New York (” James Baldwin Biography.com”). At a Hospital in Harlem to a single mother name Emma…show more content… In 1948, James Baldwin left for Paris (Leeming 36). During the transition, he first published his essay “Commentary” (Leeming 51). Being in France could not stop Baldwin from serving on the lecture circuit in America in the mid-1950s (“James Baldwin”). Although to work better during introvert moments he spent time off and on in Istanbul for eight years (Leeming 263). James Baldwin with disillusioned with the United State and returned to France in the 1970s (“James Baldwin”). Experiencing different cultures outside the States conquered the insanity in Baldwin. Like a photographer, he captured the memories for documentation only to foreshadow the future. Baldwin’s role in the Civil Rights movement sparked his creative process in a new way that soon filled with fame. In 1962, two events caught Baldwin’s attention (Leeming 216). Quickly, James Baldwin reached out speaking in his step-father’s hometown (Leeming 218). May 10, 1963 discussed Negro problems recognizing Civil Rights (Leeming 233). Prolonged actions writing a play based on the 1955 Emmett Till murder (Leeming 231). Joined march for voter registration before the end of his journey (Leeming 246). Traveling did not affect Baldwin’s culture; in fact it shaped his perceptive on American…show more content… At a very young age he showed his passion by observing life, with the world around him. Baldwin’s eloquent skills caught the attention of highly educated teachers, preachers, his step-father, and many more. He later immigrated to France to focus on writing but still traveled to America for a position in Civil Rights. This specifically marked Baldwin’s career until his death in 1987. Currently, his unique literary style explores many different genres that exist today. He combined his psychological problems within social and racial issues, specifically the black community. The novels made readers around the world feel, both, empathy and sympathy for him as a More about James Baldwin Biography Open Document
As we are facing a massive downfall in the economy and adverse effects globally due to the pandemic. However, one thing that is taking advantage of this situation is nature. It is healing firmly in places which have been destroyed since capitalism took place globally. The mountains that have been engulfing a tremendous amount of trash left by the tourists have got some time to heal from the halt in the tourism industry specially Everest region which is popular among many tourists. Travel and tourism contributed to 7.9 percent of its GDP last year, rising from 3.6 percent but it is nil this year since March 2020 in Nepal. Even the most anticipated Visit Nepal 2020 was postponed because of the pandemic which withheld lots of trekking and tourism bookings and faced a loss in promotions too. Now, the lockdown makes everyone limited with supplies and distribution of every goods and services nationwide which leads people to depend on local farming and agriculture. People are realizing that sustainable living is the solution in tough and unprecedented events like this and many people are going back to old lifestyles. Hence, for being a land-locked country, it will be a very wise move to promote agriculture and sustainable ways of living life to get rid of human crisis.For this, Eco tourism is likely one of the best alternatives to recover as it is both relatively easier to start by using local resources and also it could be beneficial for a long run both to the people and the country itself. What is Ecotourism? Ecotourism is a form of Tourism that prioritizes the conservation of nature, community development and economic development by low or non-consumptive use of local resources. It is best defined as to run tourism by respecting nature, the communities and their cultures. We can find many kinds of ecotourism such as; community based ecotourism, ecosystem ecotourism, cultural ecotourism, and nature based ecosystem, protected area ecotourism and rural ecotourism to name a few. In Nepal, Eco-tourism has been flourishing for a couple of decades now because of diverse culture and ethnicity, abundance of nature and wilderness and uniqueness as a whole. Nepal is gaining popularity in ecotourism around the globe and best known for its hospitality and unique culture and tradition . The government officials related to tourism are cooperating with local communities to improve and implement the services in the tourism industry and also helping in research and promotion of sustainable ecotourism development. Here are some of the works that has been implemented in ecotourism industry: It is one of the main attractions of Community based and Cultural Ecotourism. Community homestay is successful in Nepal because of our diverse culture and ethnicity as well as vivid geographical distribution. Nepal consists of 125 ethnic groups and 123 different languages despite being a small country. Geographically, it is rich from jungle safari in the southern part to the enormous himalayas in the North. Most of the community homestays are allocated according to the natural attraction as well as the cultural values. Visitors not only get an opportunity to stay at the traditional village but also get to explore scenic natural trails full of wilderness, witness and learn the cultural values and performances which is one of a kind experience. For instance, Ghale gaun community homestay and Gre Community homestay from Hilly region has more of a cultural attraction and scenic beauty of mountains whereas Bardia Community homestay from Terai region have nature and wildlife safari as it’s main attraction along with different cultural values than other parts of Nepal. 1. Heritage Trail HeritageTrail is another perfect example of Cultural Ecotourism.Countries like Jamaica, Hong Kong and India have successfully implemented it as a sustainable tourism. Nepal offers Tamang Heritage Trail In Rasuwa district to promote the cultures of Tamang ethnicity and the gateway to the majestic Mt. Langtang Trek. The eight day trek comprises the trail passing through Buddhist shrines, Monasteries, interesting architectures and stay at a traditional home decorated in ancient Tibetan style. The Government of Nepal put forward the Tourism for Rural Poverty Alleviation Program (TRPAP) in Rasuwa to alleviate the cycle of Poverty in 2007. If Nepal could tap more heritage trails focusing on other interesting ethnicity with good research and implementation, it would be a major benefit to the local communities and helps to rejuvenate the Tourism industry post pandemic. 1. Domestic ecotourism Apparently, domestic tourism is taking a big leap in the tourism industry. Many people want to explore new places to explore different ethnicity and culture along with natural exploration. Until there is uncertainty in the tourism industry for international tourists, we can work on promoting domestic tourism with exciting offers and packages to travel in various travel destinations locally. Youths are energetic and excited to travel to new destinations during their leisure and they are always after a place that has good scenery and hospitality. Managing the reasonable packages to them will increase the footfall in all ecotourism business and boost the economy locally. This will also help ecotourism business survive without depending much on international tourists until the right situation arrives. By then, international tourists will be a bonus for the tourism industry and economy.
Spitzer Space Telescope sees: 'Mountains of Creation' in Deep Space Spitzer's Mountains of Creation image Spitzer Space Telescope infrared image of billowing clouds of dust ablaze with the light of newborn stars, described as the Mountains of Creation, in a region of deep space some 7,000 lightyears away from Earth. Image: NASA, Jet Propulsion Laboratory - California Institute of Technology, Lori Allen - Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics Majestic. Astonishing. Dazzling. Marvelous. Incredible. Exceptional. Magnificent. Unparalleled. Breathtaking. Thrilling. Awe-inspiring. Pick a superlative and it has been used by observers around the globe to describe the extraordinary new infrared image recorded by the Spitzer Space Telescope of billowing clouds of dust ablaze with the light of newborn stars. Described as the Mountains of Creation, the clouds lie a region of deep space some 7,000 lightyears away from Earth. The picture reminds viewers of the famous Pillars of Creation photo of the Eagle Nebula in visible light recorded by NASA's Hubble Space Telescope back in 1995. The Pillars of Creation photo » Gas and dust. Both the Mountains of Creation and the Pillars of Creation are star-forming clouds of cool gas and dust that have been sculpted into columns by radiation and winds from nearby hot, massive stars. The Spitzer image shows the eastern edge of a region of deep space known as W5, in the Cassiopeia constellation in Earth's sky. That area is dominated by one massive star. The pillars point to the location of the massive star just beyond the edge of the picture. The pillars in the Spitzer image are colossal – more than ten times the size of the pillars in the Eagle Nebula by Hubble. The largest of the pillars in the Mountains of Creation enshrouds hundreds of emerging stars. The second largest pillar contains dozens of young stars. "We believe that the star clusters lighting up the tips of the pillars are essentially the offspring of the region's single, massive star. It appears that radiation and winds from the massive star triggered new stars to form." --Lead investigator Dr. Lori Allen, Harvard Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, Massachusetts, November 9, 2005 Spitzer's eye. Infrared light makes it possible to see inside the mountains: Spitzer not only allows astronomers to see the stars inside the pillars, but also to estimate their age and how they formed. Stellar nursery. The Eagle Nebula and the W5 region are known to be high-mass star-forming regions. That means they are thick, turbulent clouds of gas and dust that give birth to whole families of stars. Some of the stars are more than ten times more massive than our Sun. Radiation and winds from the massive stars blast away any thinner cloud material, so only the most dense pillar-shaped clumps of material remain. That process is something like the way mesas form in deserts. Mesas are dense rock that resisted erosion by water and wind. Eventually, the pillars become sufficiently dense to begin the birth of a second generation of stars. In turn, those second-generation stars trigger successive generations. Astronomers wonder if the Sun might have been a member of such an extended stellar family when it was born almost five billion years ago. JPL and GSFC. NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory at the California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, manages Spitzer for NASA's Science Mission Directorate. Science operations are conducted at the Spitzer Science Center at the Caltech. NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland, built Spitzer's infrared camera. Top of this page Deep Space Spitzer Telescopes Telescope 400th Anniversary
The Need for a Code of Ethics on Internet Usage By Annabelle Rox Although the internet actually came into being by the American military in 1969, it wasn't until 1989 that the World Wide Web was created in Switzerland. Today there are some 400 million people regularly using the internet for both personal and business matters. The internet was originally designed as a closed network for military and then academic purposes and, because of this closed nature dealing with specific issues, the problem of online ethics was not foreseen. Only the intellectual few were able to use the internet in its early days and as such, a set of values seen as inherent in these individuals was basically seen as the code of conduct. Therefore, acceptance of disagreement and aversion to restraint were seen as acceptable at that time. The growth of the Internet has been incredible and more and more people are using it for increasingly longer periods to do more things. No longer is the internet the property of the intellectual few. In many societies, the internet can be accessed by almost all citizens. If they don't have the internet at home, it can normally be accessed through academic institutions or libraries. Although the internet was first developed for Americans, it has long since ceased to be an American phenomenon although around two thirds of users are still Americans. At the moment, the debate is basically between the USA and Western Europe. However, as Internet growth continues, so does the need to accommodate a broader range of cultures and value systems. Understanding the need for ethics on the internet requires a basic understanding of the nature of the internet and the services it provides. The main forms of content are the World Wide Web, Email, Chat rooms, and Usenet newsgroups. The World Wide Web which now consists of over one billion sites that range from the simple personal homepage that many people have today right up to the very sophisticated sites of professional businesses. Email allows instant communication with other internet users worldwide. The implications of this ability in business are enormous. There are around 40 thousand chat rooms online. These are generally focussed on a particular subject or group of people and allows people to communicate either one on one or in groups. This ability has certainly made the world a smaller place, particularly for those who have family and friends in other countries. There are also around 40 thousand newsgroups that enable people to share articles about a range of different subjects. These can range from the technical to the bizarre. Sometimes the ethics of the more sexually bizarre can come into debate. So how can a code of ethics be applied to services of the internet? There are a number of things that need to be considered but, particularly where there are children, parental supervision cannot be surpassed. The internet is made up of many networks and this continues to grow. The services all have different characteristics that need to be treated differently so any ethics debate must take this into account. There are many different people involved in the internet and these people all have different agendas. There are companies who specialise in internet infrastructure, Internet Service Providers, as well as those who provide content. Not all companies provide services to all chat rooms or newsgroups and so forth. Therefore, ethics can only be applied when it is known who has the control and responsibility for all of these services. With the ever increasing populace of the internet, this call for ethics has become global and is not restricted to the specialists but to the general public who want solutions that are practical and focussed. The World Wide Web needs to be seen as part of society rather than as a separate entity and, as such, it should be subject to the same values and ethics as we expect in offline business. It is a fundamental aspect of modern day business and should not be seen as a value free zone. Issues such as copyright, child pornography, consumer protection, racial vilification and so forth need to be subject to the same laws and ethical standards as general society and more stringent controls put in place for the protection of the masses of people using the internet. Failure to do so can only result in World Wide Anarchy via this medium of the internet. Is this the future we want for our children? Annabelle is the owner of http://www.travellintunes.com and has been involved in internet marketing for several years. She is both a mother and a doting grandmother. She has a wide variety of interests and loves to write. The Ten Commandments for online marketers 1. There is one Internet. It is a shared resource. Any marketing strategy that relies on polluting the internet by pushing unwanted noise into community space is suspect. It is one thing to strategically place information scent that leads users to your site; it is another to spray that scent on every tree and fire hydrant. 2. You shall use neither bots nor macros to create links, nor spread comments promoting your site. Spambots can not only cause your site to be banished by search engines, they leave a huge footprint across the web and can tarnish your brand with a stink that can't be washed off! 3. You shall not allow your advertising and affiliate dollars to go to scrapers, scammers, nor spammers. Advertising budgets are the fuel that drives the spread of blight across the internet. Make sure your money is not promoting blight even if you must forsake short term profits in favor of protecting your brand. While it is easy and tempting to pour money into any channel with a positive ROI, you may be cannibalizing your brand in the process. Even if your strategy is making money and your brand survives, you are funding parasites who devalue the communities that support your business. 4. Honor your visitors. Do not sell impressions or links to companies you do not vet. As a publisher, you are endorsing your advertisers every bit as much as if you give them an editorial link. Caveat Emptor may be the motto of cut throat capitalism, but it is not a good strategy to protect your brand. If you are not satisfied with the moral and ethical practices of your advertisers, do not sell them advertising. Syndicated advertising networks offer an easy path to monetizing traffic in the short term but you risk associating yourself with the sites where you advertise. 5. You shall not make use of sock puppet accounts for vote stacking, spamming friend requests, nor other schemes. Sock puppetry and false friending is so obviously a form of fraud that no one can argue it is an ethical practice. Do not succumb to the argument that others are doing it if you want to build a sustainable business. 6. You shall not form cabals nor engage in elitist plots to disenfranchise people. Karma matters. If you treat others badly, they will eventually form a mob and come after you. 7. You shall not grieve other users by spoiling their fun, troll, nor post flame bait to get attention. Acting up to gain attention only works for a short while, then you get banned, filtered, and ignored. 8. You shall not scrape content, plagiarize, nor assist in the theft of virtual assets. Stealing content is stealing, simple as that. Scraper sites are the most prolific and pernicious form of Made For Advertising (MFA) sites. 9. You shall not distribute badware, scumware, spyware, nor malicious bots. This point is so self-evident it shouldn't have to be mentioned, except that the proliferation of Malware is accelerating and the potential damage it can cause is frightening. Criminal activities ranging from identify theft, transaction fraud, click fraud, and distributed denial of service attacks are all being carried out by botnets that contain hundreds of thousands of compromised machines. Most of the global spam problem can be traced to these compromised computers as well. Despite the clearly criminal nature of malware, Google recently estimated that 1.3% of search result pages contained a link to a site that potentially could infect the user's computer. Most of these exploits are distributed via Iframe injection through advertising networks. 10. You shall not covet your neighbor's traffic, nor engage in parasitic marketing. If somebody is doing well, give them a pat on the back instead of trying to pick their pockets. The commandments represent what Internet users already expect. Unfortunately, many players rationalize their own breaches whenever a little cheating is profitable. We, the Internet community, need to take a stand against blight. Major online properties need a code of conduct to ensure that they do not contribute to the problem, and they also need best practices for controlling blight. Investors should ask managers what they are doing to protect the value of online assets. Everybody needs to worry when the next advance in black hat technology has the potential to turn billion dollar web properties into a slag dump. Jonathan Hochman has two computer science degrees from Yale. He runs an Internet marketing consultancy and a web development shop. Jonah Stein, who contributed to this article, is Managing Director of www.AlchemistMedia.com, an SEO/SEM Agency and creator of www.VirtualBlight.com, a site dedicated to organizing Netizens Against Online Spam, Scams & Scoundrels.
Red Pill or Blue Pill \| Matrix Algorithm Since graduating from Flatiron school a little over a month ago, I have spent a little time each day studying JavaScript algorithms. One question that gave me some trouble is the matrix dilemma. It goes as such: Write a function that accepts an integer and returns a spiral matrix with NxN dimension. This is based on an array of arrays. So if a 3 is passed into the function, your output would be expected to be: matrix(3) //=> [[1, 2, 3], [8, 9, 4], [7, 6, 5]] As you can see, the inner arrays do not simply count up. You are instead given a 3x3 square and need to count around from the outer layer to the inner layer. To complete this problem, you first need to set up your base. To do this, you define an empty array to hold the entire matrix. Then, you must create the appropriate amount of subarrays to be held inside ‘results.’ You can do this through an iteration, pushing in empty arrays as many times as the number given to the function. You’ve now setup your matrix base! Next, you need to fill it in. The first step here is defining a set of variables. These will include: A counter that indicates what number we are pushing into the array. Each time we add a number into one of the boxes, we will increment the counter. A starting variable for both the columns and the rows. These will both start at 0 since arrays indices start at 0. An end variable for both the columns and the rows. As you can see above, there are n columns and rows, so the end indices will be n-1 (ex: 3-1 = 2) From there, we need a loop to run until we’ve completed the matrix. A while loop works perfectly for this situation. As you’ll see in a minute, each step will use ‘for loops’, continuously incrementing/decrementing the column and row variables to move around the matrix. We’ll know we’ve reached the end of a row or column when the start equals the end. However, we won’t be completely finished working out way through the matrix until both the column and the row have reached this point. Before we move on, you need to recognize how we would access each position in the array of arrays. We will start with the top row. The startColumn variable is originally set to 0, so this loop will iterate until you’ve reached the endColumn, being the last position on the top row. For each iteration, you will take the position you’re at, set it equal to the counter and finally increment the counter. Considering the first three loops: results[0][0] = 1 results[0][1] = 2 results[0][2]* = 3 — you’ve reached endColumn. From here, we will increment the startRow variable since there is nothing else to fill in on the top. However, recognize that we are not simply filling in the next row in a similar fashion. The matrix needs to go around the box. Incrementing the startRow variable moved us down, however the next step is to go down the endColumn. There are two boxes to hit between start and end row. results[1][2] = 4 results[2][2] = 5 After we’ve finished the right side column, we are going to decrement endColumn since there is nothing left to fill in there. The bottom row is up next and I think you’re picking up the pattern here. However, the key piece is that we are now moving right to left, iterating until the endColumn is with the start column. results[2][1] = 6 results[2][0] = 7 You will also decrement the endRow to move us up to the final stage. Finally, you iterate until the columns line up. results[1][0] = 8 results[1][1] = 9 Don’t forget to increment your startColumn, which will bring us to the end of our initial ‘while’ loop. Return your results and you’ve build yourself a matrix!
How Finger Counting Works in Different Languages If someone asks you to count with your fingers, how do you do it? Anand Jagatia writes for the BBC that this practice varies by culture. Listen beautiful relax classics on our Youtube channel. Like a good American, I count off starting on my index fingers. Europeans tend to start with the thumb. Iranians start with the pinky finger. In Japan, the norm is to start with an open palm, then curl fingers in as they are counted. Here’s where it starts to get complicated. In India, it’s common to count off the lines of the finger segments. In Tanzania, both hands are used, with counts switching from hand to hand, forming a symmetrical pattern. The Northern Pame people of Mexio prefer to count on knuckles. The Yuki people of California used to take a different approach: counting the spaces between the fingers. Read about these customs at BBC Future. -via Kottke Source: neatorama No votes yet. Please wait...
Hape® Monster Math Scale: how to make math fun “Tell me, and I forget; show me, and I remember; involve me, and I learn,” says a famous quote attributed to Benjamin Franklin. This is true for everyone, but especially for children. During childhood, we lay the foundations for the future attitude we will have towards school, learning, and the small and big challenges of every day. Homework and reading should not become punitive activities or duties to be done quickly to then be “free” to play. Adding some entertainment and excitement to the subjects that our children will have to learn at school means giving them a little advantage for the future. The Hape® Monster Math Scale was designed for a fun and engaging approach to the basic principles of mathematics. The Hape® educational line welcomes this new educative toy for children aged 3 and up that playfully reinterprets the Montessori scale and the decanting game applied to solid materials. Montessori Method: a few fundamentals Hape® educational toys take up and reinterpret some key concepts underlying the Montessori Method. For example, the great Italian pedagogue argued that, under the right conditions, all children show a spontaneous interest in learning, discovery, and knowledge. Behind the success of this philosophy, which many educators still adopt today, are its rigor and versatility: despite being clearly defined and codified, the Montessori Method easily adapts to the variables involved, such as the age and characteristics of the children, the surrounding environment, and the situation. Doctor Montessori was a great supporter of the autonomy of the child. The adults should stand by their side, patiently explaining and showing how to do things without replacing them, though. To encourage the development of children’s talents and inclinations, it is also recommendable to respect the individual pace and suggest activities compatible with different ages. Instead of encouraging our kids to overcome any limitations, it is, therefore, better to help them achieve progressive autonomy in the tasks within their reach. This is why we should prefer educational toys suitable for the age and personality of the little ones. From the Montessori Scale to Hape® Monster Math Scale: when learning is fun The Hape® Monster Scale is an educational toy for children aged 3 and up, particularly responsive to the coordination of movements and the concept of order. The Monster Math Scale help them get closer to a basic area of arithmetic, assimilating the essential principles in a practical, intuitive, and above all fun way. The toy is already irresistible and original starting from the aesthetic impact: the body of the scale in fact corresponds to a funny monster, while the weights are made up of many cheerful mini-monsters of different colors, sizes and weights. • The medium-sized monster-weights are distinguished by the color and the number on their belly which indicates their weight; • The smallest monsters, all red in color, correspond to the weight of a single unit. Children can have fun putting the mini-monsters in the big paws of the scale, moving them, adding or removing them until they reach balance. Parents or educators do not need to correct the equivalences because the toy gives direct feedback. Through this simple and creative game, the little ones can become familiar with the ideas of weight, equivalence and balance. Hape® Monster Math Scale: different levels of complexity Like most of the HAPE® educational toys, the Monster Math Scale offers several modes of use according to the ages and abilities of the child. • In Level 1, children get to know the weights, learn to intuitively associate the colors with the concept of more or less heavy and become familiar with the numbers written on the bellies of the medium monsters; • In Level 2, they playfully discover the idea of equivalence, having fun mixing numbers and single units; • In Level 3, the more experienced ones can try their hand at the first simple additions, guessing the result that corresponds to the sum of the monsters present on one of the 2 paws. This educational toy, simple but at the same time engaging and exciting, allows children to learn many things. Not only a tool to develop early mathematical skills, but also a safe, creative, and rewarding entertainment for little boys and girls aged three and over. Hape® educational toys: the joy of learning and growing up together Once, Maria Montessori said that the most conspicuous sign of success for a teacher is to have students that work as if he or she was no there. Adults are often tempted to help children with their tasks, if not to replace them at all, even in play. This may be due to the natural instinct to protect the little ones from the frustration arising from error or failure. However, letting them free to try again and again, to make mistakes, and to focus their energy and intelligence in carrying out a task within their reach is fundamental for healthy and harmonious development. We should stop believing that children are always too young to do things on their own: our job is to stay with them, to support and protect them, but not to win their battles for them. Thanks to the HAPE® Monster Math Scale, kids and toddlers (from 3 years up) get to know mathematics, becoming familiar with numbers, equivalencies and additions. While having fun with this bizarre family of monsters, children learn how a scale works and are free to experiment by themselves. And you, what were your first approaches to mathematics? Tell us in the comments down below.
Requirements planning and elicitation \| Information Systems homework help Case 3 focuses on capturing system requirements, an important component of any model of the software development process. It is important to remember that the purpose of requirements is to specify the problem that the system is intended to solve, leaving the details of the solution to the system designers. Formulating a useful set of requirements will require working closely with the following stakeholders. • Customers and users, so that everyone understands the requirements and their goals • Designers, so that they can construct a good design from the requirements specification • Testers, so that they can write test scripts to evaluate whether the implementation meets the requirements • Documentation writers, so that they can write user manuals from the specifications Case Assignment Deliverables and Questions Module 3 overview gives specifications to identify the functional, data, and performance requirements and how these are components of the requirements document. Use those guidelines in Table 3-3 in the Module Overview as a checklist to write a set of requirements for the Millennial Library. Write 3-5 requirements in short sentences for each of the functional, data, and performance requirements. In addition, answer the following Case questions. Write 3-4 pages excluding cover and reference pages to document the Millennial Library requirements and questions for the Case. The Millennial Library Case The Millennial Library (Schwalbe, 2014) is an application typical to information systems. Software is required to maintain information about books held in a library. The system is intended for use by the library staff. The software must run on standard networked PCs. (Note: This exercise was extracted from Schwalbe (2014) textbook, but there is no need to look for the textbook as the assignment and questions are given here.) • There may be up to 20 PCs on the library network. For each book, the following information is held in the computer: 1. title 2. author 3. ISBN 4. year 5. borrower identification (if on loan) 6. date of issue (if on loan). • The computer should be able to store information on up to 100,000 books. • The computer system should provide facilities to: 1. issue a book to a borrower 2. receive a book returned by a borrower 3. create information about a newly acquired book 4. display a list of the books on loan to a particular borrower. • The facilities should be accessible via a GUI. • The computer must respond within one second to any request. • The system should provide a search facility to find out whether the library possesses a particular book. • With suitable security precautions, the system will initialize the library information so that it contains zero books. • When a book becomes overdue, the system should display appropriate information. • The system should provide secure access by only the library staff. • The software must be delivered by such-and-such a date and cost no more than $100,000. It must be fully documented and easy to maintain. 1. Who are the stakeholders in determining system requirements, and how does their viewpoint influence the process? 2. How are non-technical factors such as political, social, and organizational issues taken into account? Assignment Expectations You will be particularly assessed on: • Precision: You see what the module is all about and structure your paper accordingly. You draw on a range of sources and establish your understanding of the historical context of the question. You carry out the exercise as assigned or carefully explain the limitations that prevented your completing some parts. (Running out of time is not generally considered an adequate limitation.) • Support for assertions: You use examples, citations (especially from the required readings), and elaboration to support assertions. You provide evidence that you have read the required background materials. • Clarity: Your answers are clear and show your good understanding of the topic. You see what the module is all about and structure your paper accordingly. • Critical thinking: The paper incorporates your reactions, examples, and applications of the material to business and illustrates your reflective judgment and good understanding of the concepts. It is important to read the “Required Reading” in the Background material plus other sources you find relevant. • Breadth and depth: You provide informed commentary and analysis—simply repeating what your sources say does not constitute an adequate paper. The scope covered in your paper is directly related to the questions of the assignment and the learning outcomes of the module. • Overall quality: You apply the professional language and terminology of systems design and analysis correctly and in context; you are familiar with this language and use it appropriately. Your paper is well written and the references, where needed, are properly cited and listed (refer to the APA Purdue Online Writing Lab at if you are uncertain about formatting or other issues.
information (n.): Knowledge that's important. More importantly, the stuff you use to blackmail other people. resiliency (n.): Recovering from bad news in a timely fashion. The concept of information resiliency is sort of a buzzword among the information warfare crowd. Essentially, what it asserts is: • You know you're going to get attacked. • If someone is determined enough to attack you, then they probably have the goal of not only removing your capabilities, but defeating your ability to come back quickly. • If they're trying to defeat your ability to come back quickly, a logical place to attack - besides your access paths - would be your information. • How do you make your information "resilient" (note the word "resistant" is not used) to attack? And here's really the meat of it. If I'm trying to fuck up your whole program, and I'm truly insidious, i'm going to feed you disinformation. Yet there's a problem: I can't just feed you information! You won't trust it. You probably should think it's not really disinformation, but that it's true. So, to do that, I am going to compromise YOUR information, that your guy in the van wrote. Information resiliency is not preventing your information from compromise, but expecting it and taking steps to bounce back. Of course, you have to protect your information from yourself, too. Information compromise isn't always external. And there's this guy Murphy, too.... How do you make your information resilient? Well, you have to have information agility. The integrity of your information is primarily going to rely on controlling modifications to that information, as well as knowing who modified it in a legitimate fashion. But you also have to have a way to recover the "original" information in the event it's modified. One possible way of taking care of several of these concerns is setting up a trust mechanism or trust quotient: In other words, assigning a numerical value to your confidence in given information and then storing that information (with the confidence number) in a non-writable format. Sort of like the Voting/XP system: People bless information as gospel, and once enough people have blessed it, save it and run it off into a database somewhere. Another possibility is having an information authority figure, or a set of them. But this is bad news: Then you lead into control by the few rather than the many. That way lies madness: that little power elite cabal gets the ability to bless or deny something that could be extremely important to you. Information is power. The haves versus the have nots. And so on.
Get help now What is a mutation • Pages 5 • Words 1034 • Views 404 • dovnload • Pages 5 • Words 1034 • Views 404 • Academic anxiety? Get original paper in 3 hours and nail the task Get your paper price 124 experts online A mutation as defined by the dictionary is a sudden change in a heritable characteristic. There a several things that can cause a mutation in someone’s or something’s body. A genetic mutation is what causes mutations in an animal or human. To understand what a genetic mutation is and why it occurs, you would have to first understand the basics of DNA, including its structure. However since not everybody has the time to study DNA to learn about genetic mutations, I will try to break it down and explain genetic mutations as thoroughly as possible.First I will give you a little background on the history of genetic mutations. Genetic mutations were first reported in 1901 by Hugo De Vries, a Dutch botanist. In 1929 an American biologist named Hermann Joseph Muller discovered that the rate of genetic mutations can be increases by X rays. Later it was discovered that other forms of radiation, high temperatures, and various chemicals also caused mutations. Another cause of genetic mutation that has been discovered is inbreeding. An example of inbreeding is when a cousin and another cousin have a child. Next I will try to explain how DNA is structured.The backbone of the DNA chain is composed of alternating sugar and phosphate groups. In each sugar group there is one of four nitrogenous bases, adenine (A), guanine (G), thymine (T), or cytosine (C). Each DNA molecule is made up of two chains which are linked together by bonds between the bases of one chain and another. An A base is always bonded to a T, and every G base is paired with a C. The way the bases are arranged determines the genetic code of an organism. The genetic code then directs the synthesis of proteins at a cellular level, it is written in units called codons. Each codon specifies a particular amino acid. Each codon is made up of a sequence of three bases, for example you can have GAG, or TCA. The four different bases (A,G,T,and C) can be arranged into sixty-four different codons. Most amino acids are specified by more than one codon because proteins are built from only twenty amino acids. A genetic mutation occurs when one base is substituted for another, or when one or more bases are placed or removed from a gene. A mutation as a result of a substitution of a gene for another affect only one codon, and the affects are usually not too severe.Although mutations caused by substitution is sometimes harmless, it does not mean that all substitution mutations are harmless, some are more severe than others. For example, the protein hemoglobin, which is an important component of red blood cells, is made up of hundreds of amino acids. If one of those amino acids is substituted for another, it could cause hemoglobin that forms an abnormal sickle shape. If a person inherits the mutation of an amino acid in hemoglobin, it will result in the disease sickle-cell anemia. Another form of a mutation is base insertions and deletions, this mutation alters the entire gene.When this occurs it changes every codon from the mutation location to the end of the gene. For example, make believe that the end of a gene reads ATG GGC ATA ACG ATT. If an extra A is added to the gene it changes the entire gene, it would read AAT GGG CAT AAC GAT T. Since the addition of one base affects many codons, a base insertion may have severe results. Mutations that occur in humans and other animals that reproduce sexually can be divided into two types of mutations, somatic and germinal. Somatic mutations affect the body’s cells, instead of the sex cells.Such mutations can produce a localized mutation, such as a white streak in a persons hair which should not be there. This mutation can not be passes onto offspring. Germinal mutations affect the sex cells, such as the eggs or sperm. Germinal mutations can be transmitted to the persons offspring. Many germinal mutations are usually harmful, many genetic diseases are a result of germinal mutation. Genetic mutations can alter the life styles of humans and creatures greatly. Take for example a frog that has an ingrown leg attached to his body. An extra piece of a leg can disable a frog from being able to hop away from an enemy attempting to eat it. Another way genetic mutations can affect a persons life is if a person has a mutated body part. If a child has an ingrown finger for example, this can cause a lot of emotional damage. People fear what they do not understand, when children see a child with a mutation, they begin to tease that child, they call the child names and treat them as an outcast. When this happens to a child it can permanently scar a child, leading to having the child drop out from school and become a junkie.Another thing that could affect a persons life is if the person is born without a thumb. Since the thumb is what separates humans from animals, along with many other things, missing a thumb will prevent a person from doing many things. Without a thumb a person can not pick up a glass of water with one hand, nor can he hold a pencil to write a perfect essay on genetic mutations, like the one you are reading right now. A genetic mutattion can sometimes affect a person greatly, but sometimes, the person is not affected at all.A person is usually not affected too much when the mutation is very subtle, like a streak of white in a persons hair. Genetic mutations are a very serious matter. Until I wrote this essay I had no idea how easy it is for a mutation to occur. All that needs to happen for a mutation to occur is an addition of deletion of one single base. The addition of a base will completely alter the gene and cause it to produce the wrong or incorrect amino acids. Although genetic mutations is a serious matter, many times the mutated gene can be masked by a dominate gene. Need a custom essay sample written specially to meet your requirements? Order custom paper Without paying upfront What is a mutation. (2018, Apr 06). Retrieved from Hi, my name is Amy 👋 Get help with your paper
Skip to main content Month Day September 01 First Muslim holiday U.S. postage stamp is issued Five years of lobbying comes to fruition on September 1, 2001, as the U.S. Postal Service releases the first American stamp celebrating Muslim holidays. A blue stamp featuring gold calligraphy celebrating Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha, along with the English words “EID GREETINGS,” the stamp is included alongside stamps celebrating other religious holidays, a victory for Muslim representation in America. For years, many American Muslims pushed for the creation of a holiday stamp of their own, arguing that their two holiest days (Eid al-Fitr marks the end of Ramadan fasting, while Eid al-Adha marks the culmination of the haj) deserved the same level of recognition as Christmas, Hanukkah and Kwanzaa. After a letter-writing campaign in which more than 5,000 Muslim children sent messages to the Postmaster General, the Postal Service announced the new stamp in August of 2021. Calligrapher Mohamed Zakariya designed the stamp, which was released as part of the Postal Service's “Holiday Celebration Series.” The Eid stamp would receive unwelcome attention, due largely to the 9/11 attacks which took place just ten days after its release. In the wake of the attacks and the subsequent wave of anti-Muslim sentiment in the United States, activists lobbied to make the stamp permanent, symbolizing the right of American Muslims to live peacefully and on equal footing with their fellow Americans. The stamp was reissued in October of 2001 and many times after that—its re-issuing in 2009 sparked rumors among right-wing reactionaries that new President Barack Obama, whom many falsely believed to be Muslim, had ordered its creation. Despite the unfortunate coincidence of its original release, the stamp is a mainstay of the U.S. Postal Service's holiday series, and an updated version is currently available as a Forever stamp. Pittsburgh Pirates field MLB's first all-Black lineup On September 1, 1971, the Pittsburgh Pirates field the first all-Black lineup in Major League Baseball history in the team's 10-7 win over the Philadelphia Phillies. The history-making event receives zero coverage in Pittsburgh two major newspapers—both were on strike—and is more This Day In History: Bobby Fischer becomes the first American to win the World Chess Championship Bobby Fischer becomes the first American to win the World Chess Championship On September 1, 1972, in what’s billed as the “Match of the Century,” American chess grandmaster Bobby Fischer defeats Russian Boris Spassky during the World Chess Championship in Reykjavik, Iceland. In the world’s most publicized title match ever played, Fischer, a 29-year-old more Wreck of the Titanic found Seventy-three years after it sank to the North Atlantic ocean floor, a joint U.S.-French expedition locates the wreck of the RMS Titanic. The sunken liner was about 400 miles east of Newfoundland in the North Atlantic, some 13,000 feet below the surface. READ MORE: Why Did the more Chechen separatists storm Russian school Qaddafi leads coup in Libya Aaron Burr acquitted of treason Atlanta falls to Union forces A Warsaw radio commentator describes Germany's invasion of Poland as it unfolds on September 1, 1939. Despite a non-aggression pact between the two countries, Hitler claimed Polish "atrocities" left him no choice but to invade. Germany invades Poland On September 1, 1939, German forces under the control of Adolf Hitler bombard Poland on land and from the air. World War II had begun. Why did Germany invade Poland? Germany invaded Poland to regain lost territory and ultimately rule their neighbor to the east. The German more French president Charles De Gaulle urges the United States to get out of Vietnam In a speech before 100,000 in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, President Charles de Gaulle of France denounces U.S. policy in Vietnam and urges the U.S. government to pull its troops out of Southeast Asia. De Gaulle said that negotiations toward a settlement of the war could begin as soon more This Day In History: First Japanese player makes MLB debut, September 1, 1964 First Japanese player makes MLB debut P.T. Barnum brings European opera star Jenny Lind to New York The iconic American huckster, showman and circus entrepreneur P.T. Barnum is most often associated not with refined high culture but of somewhat coarser forms of entertainment—the circus, yes, but also Siamese twins and various human "oddities" such as “Zip the Pinhead” and the more A teenage boy murders his father Korean Airlines flight shot down by Soviet Union Soviet jet fighters intercept a Korean Airlines passenger flight in Russian airspace and shoot the plane down, killing 269 passengers and crew-members. The incident dramatically increased tensions between the Soviet Union and the United States. On September 1, 1983, Korean more Federal legislation makes airbags mandatory On September 1, 1998, the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 finally goes into effect. The law required that all cars and light trucks sold in the United States have air bags on both sides of the front seat. Inspired by the inflatable protective covers on more King George refuses Olive Branch Petition Richard Penn and Arthur Lee, representing the Continental Congress, present the so-called Olive Branch Petition to the Earl of Dartmouth on September 1, 1775. Britain’s King George III, however, refused to receive the petition, which, written by John Dickinson, appealed directly more Soldier recounts brush with poison gas
Open main menu Physical Education Of all the domains of human consciousness, the physical is the one most completely governed by method, order, discipline, process. The lack of plasticity and receptivity in matter has to be replaced by a detailed organisation that is both precise and comprehensive. In this organisation, one must not forget the interdependence and interpenetration of all the domains of the being. However, even a mental or vital impulse, to express itself physically, must submit to an exact process. That is why all education of the body, if it is to be effective, must be rigorous and detailed, far-sighted and methodical. This will be translated into habits; the body is a being of habits. But these habits should be controlled and disciplined, while remaining flexible enough to adapt themselves to circumstances and to the needs of the growth and development of the being. All education of the body should begin at birth and continue throughout life. It is never too soon to begin nor too late to continue. Physical education has three principal aspects: (1) control and discipline of the functioning of the body, (2) an integral, methodical and harmonious development of all the parts and movements of the body and (3) correction of any defects and deformities. It may be said that from the very first days, even the first hours of his life, the child should undergo the first part of this programme as far as food, sleep, evacuation, etc. are concerned. If the child, from the very beginning of his existence, learns good habits, it will save him a good deal of trouble and inconvenience for the rest of his life; and besides, those who have the responsibility of caring for him during his first years will find their task very much easier. Naturally, this education, if it is to be rational, enlightened and effective, must be based upon a minimum knowledge of the human body, of its structure and its functioning. As the child develops, he must gradually be taught to observe the functioning of his internal organs so that he may control them more and more, and see that this functioning remains normal and harmonious. As for positions, postures and movements, bad habits are formed very early and very rapidly, and these may have disastrous consequences for his whole life. Those who take the question of physical education seriously and wish to give their children the best conditions for normal development will easily find the necessary indications and instructions. The subject is being more and more thoroughly studied, and many books have appeared and are still appearing which give all the information and guidance needed. It is not possible for me here to go into the details of the application, for each problem is different from every other and the solution should suit the individual case. The question of food has been studied at length and in detail; the diet that helps children in their growth is generally known and it may be very useful to follow it. But it is very important to remember that the instinct of the body, so long as it remains intact, is more reliable than any theory. Accordingly, those who want their child to develop normally should not force him to eat food which he finds distasteful, for most often the body possesses a sure instinct as to what is harmful to it, unless the child is particularly capricious. The body in its normal state, that is to say, when there is no intervention of mental notions or vital impulses, also knows very well what is good and necessary for it; but for this to be effective in practice, one must educate the child with care and teach him to distinguish his desires from his needs. He should be helped to develop a taste for food that is simple and healthy, substantial and appetising, but free from any useless complications. In his daily food, all that merely stuffs and causes heaviness should be avoided; and above all, he must be taught to eat according to his hunger, neither more nor less, and not to make his meals an occasion to satisfy his greed or gluttony. From one’s very childhood, one should know that one eats in order to give strength and health to the body and not to enjoy the pleasures of the palate. Children should be given food that suits their temperament, prepared in a way that ensures hygiene and cleanliness, that is pleasant to the taste and yet very simple. This food should be chosen and apportioned according to the age of the child and his regular activities. It should contain all the chemical and dynamic elements that are necessary for his development and the balanced growth of every part of his body. Since the child will be given only the food that helps to keep him healthy and provide him with the energy he needs, one must be very careful not to use food as a means of coercion and punishment. The practice of telling a child, “You have not been a good boy, you won’t get any dessert,” etc., is most harmful. In this way you create in his little consciousness the impression that food is given to him chiefly to satisfy his greed and not because it is indispensable for the proper functioning of his body. Another thing should be taught to a child from his early years: to enjoy cleanliness and observe hygienic habits. But, in obtaining this cleanliness and respect for the rules of hygiene from the child, one must take great care not to instil into him the fear of illness. Fear is the worst instrument of education and the surest way of attracting what is feared. Yet, while there should be no fear of illness, there should be no inclination for it either. There is a prevalent belief that brilliant minds are found in weak bodies. This is a delusion and has no basis. There was perhaps a time when a romantic and morbid taste for physical unbalance prevailed; but, fortunately, that tendency has disappeared. Nowadays a well-built, robust, muscular, strong and well-balanced body is appreciated at its true value. In any case, children should be taught to respect health and admire the healthy man whose vigorous body knows how to repel attacks of illness. Often a child feigns illness to avoid some troublesome obligation, a work that does not interest him, or simply to soften his parents’ hearts and get them to satisfy some caprice. The child must be taught as early as possible that this does not work and that he does not become more interesting by being ill, but rather the contrary. The weak have a tendency to believe that their weakness makes them particularly interesting and to use this weakness and if necessary even illness as a means of attracting the attention and sympathy of the people around them. On no account should this pernicious tendency be encouraged. Children should therefore be taught that to be ill is a sign of weakness and inferiority, not of some virtue or sacrifice. That is why, as soon as the child is able to make use of his limbs, some time should be devoted every day to the methodical and regular development of all the parts of his body. Every day some twenty or thirty minutes, preferably on waking, if possible, will be enough to ensure the proper functioning and balanced growth of his muscles while preventing any stiffening of the joints and of the spine, which occurs much sooner than one thinks. In the general programme of the child’s education, sports and outdoor games should be given a prominent place; that, more than all the medicines in the world, will assure the child good health. An hour’s moving about in the sun does more to cure weakness or even anaemia than a whole arsenal of tonics. My advice is that medicines should not be used unless it is absolutely impossible to avoid them; and this “absolutely impossible” should be very strict. In this programme of physical culture, although there are well-known general lines to be followed for the best development of the human body, still, if the method is to be fully effective in each case, it should be considered individually, if possible with the help of a competent person, or if not, by consulting the numerous manuals that have already been and are still being published on the subject. But in any case a child, whatever his activities, should have a sufficient number of hours of sleep. The number will vary according to his age. In the cradle, the baby should sleep longer than he remains awake. The number of hours of sleep will diminish as the child grows. But until maturity it should not be less than eight hours, in a quiet, well-ventilated place. The child should never be made to stay up late for no reason. The hours before midnight are the best for resting the nerves. Even during the waking hours, relaxation is indispensable for all who want to maintain their nervous balance. To know how to relax the muscles and the nerves is an art which should be taught to children when they are very young. There are many parents who, on the contrary, push their child to constant activity. When the child remains quiet, they imagine that he is ill. There are even parents who have the bad habit of making their child do household work at the expense of his rest and relaxation. Nothing is worse for a developing nervous system, which cannot stand the strain of too continuous an effort or of an activity that is imposed upon it and not freely chosen. At the risk of going against many current ideas and ruffling many prejudices, I hold that it is not fair to demand service from a child, as if it were his duty to serve his parents. The contrary would be more true, and certainly it is natural that parents should serve their child or at least take great care of him. It is only if a child chooses freely to work for his family and does this work as play that the thing is admissible. And even then, one must be careful that it in no way diminishes the hours of rest that are absolutely indispensable for his body to function properly. I have said that from a young age children should be taught to respect good health, physical strength and balance. The great importance of beauty must also be emphasised. A young child should aspire for beauty, not for the sake of pleasing others or winning their admiration, but for the love of beauty itself; for beauty is the ideal which all physical life must realise. Every human being has the possibility of establishing harmony among the different parts of his body and in the various movements of the body in action. Every human body that undergoes a rational method of culture from the very beginning of its existence can realise its own harmony and thus become fit to manifest beauty. When we speak of the other aspects of an integral education, we shall see what inner conditions are to be fulfilled so that this beauty can one day be manifested. So far I have referred only to the education to be given to children; for a good many bodily defects can be rectified and many malformations avoided by an enlightened physical education given at the proper time. But if for any reason this physical education has not been given during childhood or even in youth, it can begin at any age and be pursued throughout life. But the later one begins, the more one must be prepared to meet bad habits that have to be corrected, rigidities to be made supple, malformations to be rectified. And this preparatory work will require much patience and perseverance before one can start on a constructive programme for the harmonisation of the form and its movements. But if you keep alive within you the ideal of beauty that is to be realised, sooner or later you are sure to reach the goal you have set yourself. Bulletin, April 1951
What is Web Hosting? What is Web Hosting? - image What is Web Hosting? To understand the process of web hosting you must understand the meaning of website, server, hosting. Ø Website: A collection of programs and files that are displayed on pages stored on a computer connected to the Internet, and can be browsed by any user of the Internet anywhere. Ø Server: A computer with a very high specification and operating system that stores the programs and files that comprise the websites, so that visitors to these sites to browse these sites on the Internet. So, the server is a "computer" but has strong capabilities. Ø Hosting: A set of servers connected to each other and containing the content of the site to which other computers can access via the Internet. Through these definitions, the meaning of web hosting is defined where hosting means hosting a server or web server, the contents of a particular site and linking the domain of that site to the IP address of the server. What types of web hosting? Types of web hosting: Free hosting service: Free hosting service: A service provided by some large sites, although they are free, they benefit from placing their ads on a customer website. In addition, this type of hosting is limited. The default hosting service: The default hosting service is that a server is shared between a set of sites. Each site has its own operating system and the resources are shared between them. Shared hosting service: Shared hosting service: It is hosting where the hosting server contains many sites ranging from hundreds or thousands of sites. Custom hosting service: Custom hosting service: It is to rent the site for server and its own server does not share with one. This service the most expensive of previous types. Reseller Web Hosting: Reseller: It is a service for the hosting providers for allowing the person to offer free or paid hosting to others. What is Best Hosting, Is Hosting Free or Hosting Paid and Why? Hosting types can be divided into free hosting and paid hosting. Some hosting sites offer hosting services free of charge with the aim of obtaining special services such as: Ø Advertising on their hosted sites. Also, companies or individuals who are going to host their sites on free servers give up many of the benefits in exchange for these freebies. Nowadays, the trend towards free hosting is negligible .only small personal sites go to them. The reason for this is that the cost of paid hosting has declined significantly compared to previous years, which has made webmasters want to enjoy the many benefits they receive with paid surcharges. What is the hosting plan offered by the hosting sites? Number of sites allowed: The number of sites allowed to be added to the same plan. Cloud storage: Is the available space that will contain all the files and contents of the client site. Number of databases: The number of databases allowed to be created on the same plan. Number of mail accounts: The number of mail accounts hosted on the same plan. Number of sub domains: The number of sub domains hosted on the same plan. Explanation and clarification: Sub domains such as: "example.domain.com" It is considered in the previous example Name of sub domain for Domain "example.com" Latest articles مواقع التواصل الإجتماعي تلعب دورا مهما في حياتنا العملية والمهنية ولكن كم نقضي من الوقت بإستخدام هذه المواقع يوميا هو السؤال الذي نحاول معرفة اجابته كأفراد و كرجال اعمال و اصحاب مشاريع نتحدث في هذا المقال عن التسويق الإلكتروني وما هي النقاط المهمة الواجب توافرها والحرص على أدائها للوصول الى نتائج مرضية وقيمة Search engine optimization (SEO) is the science of improving the appearance of a website or a web page in the results of free search engines. Get started! Contact us & we will call you
Error message here! Error message here! Back to log-in Todays Dietitian1 The Potential Danger of Acrylamide This chemical in foods has been shown to cause cancer in mice but more research is needed to determine its risk in humans. Did you know that if clients broil, fry, toast, bake, or barbecue starchy foods, such as bread and potatoes, they can increase their intake of the chemical acrylamide? The more the food browns, the more acrylamide is present. The Power of Blueberries Evidence shows this fruit is jam-packed with antioxidants and phytochemicals that may help prevent and slow the progression of chronic diseases. It’s rare to encounter a client or patient who doesn’t enjoy the taste of blueberries (Vaccinium spp). But beyond their tangy sweetness and the fact you can pop them into your mouth one by one or incorporate them into many recipes, blueberries offer a wealth of health benefits. Blueberries are rich in antioxidants and phytochemicals that research has shown are associated with cardiovascular and cognitive health and cancer and diabetes prevention. Their popularity is on the rise in North America. And the production of fresh and processed blueberries has grown steadily by an average of 20% every two years since 2008.1 Between 2005 and 2012, North America’s blueberry fields increased 74% from 71,075 to 123,635 acres. British Colombia has the most acres in cultivation, while Michigan has been a world leader in production volumes of both fresh and processed blueberries for many decades. Nutritional Properties and Antioxidant Composition Dietitians have stressed the importance of incorporating low-fat, fiber-rich, and nutrient-dense foods into their clients’ and patients’ diets for decades. “Everyone should be aiming to reach their recommended amount of fruits and vegetables for optimal health, and blueberries are an easy and delicious way to help you reach your goal. Just 1/2 cup is considered one serving of fruit, and they require no slicing or peeling—plus there’s no waste,” says Joanne Tehrani, RD, communications manager for the US Highbush Blueberry Council. Blueberries are an excellent source of fiber, vitamins A and C, potassium, and folate.2 One cupful contains 14% Daily Value of fiber. Moreover, blueberries are one of the richest sources of antioxidant phytonutrients.3 Blueberries’ diverse range of phenolic compounds, such as anthocyanins, quercetin, kaempferol, myricetin, and chlorogenic acid, contributes to their overall antioxidant capacity.4,5 (Antioxidant capacity, measured by a chemical laboratory analysis technique called oxygen radical absorbance capacity is one of several methods that doesn’t account for bioavailability, distribution, and metabolism of a product’s ingredients.) “Blueberries also have a rich diversity of different anthocyanin species—like 26 different anthocyanins—whereas some other berries may feature only two or three different anthocyanin species,” says Mary Ann Lila, PhD, MS, director of the Plants for Human Health Institute and a David H. Murdock distinguished professor at North Carolina State University, who has spent 18 years studying various Vaccinium species. Read the full article at Today’s Dietitian… From October 2014 issue, Vol. 16 No. 10 P. 42; written by Jasenka Piljac Zegarac, PhD. Reprinted with permission. Breast Cancer and Exercise October is National Breast Cancer Awareness Month, when pink ribbons remind women to schedule their mammograms and honor those who have died from or survived breast cancer. According to the National Cancer Institute, one in eight American women (12.3%) will develop invasive breast cancer during her lifetime. Todays Dietitian1 Sugar Coating Helps Determine Cancer Cell Survival Every living cell’s surface has a protein-embedded membrane that’s covered in polysaccharide chains—a literal sugar coating. A new study found this coating is especially thick and pronounced on cancer cells and is a crucial determinant of the cell’s survival. Consisting of long, sugar-decorated molecules called glycoproteins, the coating causes physicalchanges in the cell membrane that make the cell better able to thrive, leading to a more lethal cancer. Todays Dietitian1 Freezing Blueberries Improves Antioxidant Availability
Given the fast-paced, technology-driven environment, most IT decision-makers and business owners would agree that a server is the heart of their business. A server has multiple benefits such as reliability, accessibility, scalability, centralized storage, data backup and collaboration. It is an essential element of an organization’s IT infrastructure. Installing a server is a no-brainer for businesses to stay competitive. However, selecting a server (physical or virtual) is a critical part of business strategy, which is why choosing one isn’t an easy decision. As an MSP, you must help make the decision-making process simple and easy for your clients. It’s important that you understand your clients’ business goals and priorities in order to help them choose the right server that will meet their current and future needs. In this blog, we will cover the types of servers that businesses use today and their advantages and disadvantages. This will help determine which server is suitable for a specific business since every business has its own unique challenges and needs. What Is a Physical Server? A physical server is a hardware server used for storing, retrieving and sharing data with other computers on a network. Just like the name implies, you can touch and feel a physical server. It is also known as a bare-metal or dedicated server and is mostly stored in a server room of an organization or in a third-party data center. Most companies have a dedicated IT team that manage and maintain their own physical servers. A physical server is like a desktop PC, only much more powerful and bigger in size than a normal workstation. Some of the examples of a physical server include file server, print server, applications server and email server. How Does a Physical Server Work? Think of a physical server like a desktop PC that runs on Windows, Linux or any other operating system and has all the critical components like a motherboard, CPU, RAM and storage. Much like a personal computer, a physical server is dedicated to serve (provide applications and data) a single user. This means the resources are reserved only for a single user and are not shared with other users. A physical server allows you to store and seamlessly access information over a network. It collects and shares information with other computers through either a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN) such as the internet. For instance, let’s take an example of a web server. When you enter a URL to access a webpage on your browser, the web browser sends the information to the server hosting the website. The web server locates the file and sends it to the web browser, which then displays the requested webpage. Pros and Cons of Physical Servers While physical servers offer impressive benefits for businesses, there are some disadvantages that you and your clients should consider while selecting a server. Let’s take a look at the pros and cons. Advantages of a Physical Server Powerful Performance: Since physical servers are designated to a single client and don’t share processors or other components with other users, they deliver greater performance. With physical servers, you won’t experience lags even during peak times. Customizable: Physical servers can be fully customized and arranged to meet your business’s unique needs. Choice of Location: Depending on your business requirements and preference, physical servers can be placed either on-site or at a co-location facility, managed by a third party. Disadvantages of a Physical Server Expensive: Running and maintaining a physical server is expensive because of the various resources and components associated with it. Requires a Dedicated IT team: A physical server needs constant monitoring and management, which requires a dedicated IT team. Difficult to Scale: Once the storage limit is reached, expanding a physical server can be difficult without purchasing new hardware. Moreover, your IT team must repeat the tedious process of installing and configuring the physical server. What Is a Virtual Server? A virtual server, also known as a virtual machine, is a software-based or virtual version of a physical server that works like an actual computer. It has its own CPU, RAM and storage, and emulates the functionalities of a dedicated server. These types of servers run in a virtual multi-tenant environment where the resources of a physical server are shared with other virtual servers. One physical server can host multiple virtual servers with each having its own virtual infrastructure such as software and network components. How Does a Virtual Server Work? Server virtualization is the process of mimicking a physical server in its entirety, thereby converting one dedicated server into multiple virtual machines. Virtualization is done through a hypervisor or virtual machine monitor such as VMware vSphere or Microsoft Hyper-V. A hypervisor is used to virtualize a physical server to create and run virtual machines, which have their own resources like CPU, RAM and storage. By installing a hypervisor on physical hardware, you can share the resources of the physical server among multiple virtual machines. Virtual servers are independent of each other and can therefore run different operating systems and applications simultaneously. Pros and Cons of Virtual Servers With remote work being the new norm, there’s an uptick in organizations moving to a virtual environment. There’s no doubt that a virtual server offers multiple benefits to organizations of all sizes, although it does come with its own limitations as well. To help you and your clients make the right move, let’s look at the benefits and challenges associated with virtual servers. Advantages of a Virtual Server Cost-Effective: One of the main advantages of installing a virtual server is that there’s no need to purchase physical hardware, which greatly reduces upfront costs. Scalable and Flexible: With virtual machines, you get the option of scaling on-demand, which means you can seamlessly scale up or down depending on your business requirements. Even when you’re expanding your VM, you don’t need to purchase additional physical hardware. Easy Management: Since virtual servers abstract resources from the parent host, they can be easily deployed and run immediately. Even hardware upgrades and repairs are much easier since the workloads from VMs can be easily migrated to a backup site. This also minimizes downtime. Disadvantages of a Virtual Server Unstable Performance: Since multiple virtual machines access resources from the physical hardware indirectly, it may result in inefficient performance if the host lacks sufficient power. Compatibility Issues: Some applications in your IT infrastructure might not support virtualized solutions. This may lead to application incompatibility and will require additional assistance from third-party vendors or a hybrid solution to resolve the issue. Lack of Authority: Since virtual servers are a multi-tenant platform, you have less control over your physical server and the applications running on them. Physical Servers vs. Virtual Servers: What Are the Key Differences? Physical Server vs. Virtual Server Physical Server Virtual Server Hardware purchase, maintenance and replacements make it relatively costly as compared to VMs. No upfront cost. Software licensing and maintenance costs are relatively lower. Space Requirement Physical servers have a larger footprint and require a bigger space. Virtual servers are built upon a physical server, making them more space-efficient. Implementation & Migration Migration from one physical server to another is difficult and complex. VMs can be seamlessly moved across the virtualized environment and even from one physical server to another. More powerful and efficient since CPU, RAM, storage and network resources are not shared with other tenants. Less efficient as compared to physical servers since virtual servers are multi-tenant platforms and share the resources of physical hardware among multiple users. Security systems must be configured for each individual physical server depending on its resources and the type of data it stores. In a virtual server environment, security is centralized via the hypervisor. 24/7 access and complete control over the physical server and applications. Less control over the host server and the applications that run on it. Upgrading a physical server can be tedious. To do so, new physical hardware must be purchased and installed. With VMs, you can upgrade or downgrade resources with the click of a button through automation. Physical Servers or Virtual Servers: Which Is Better for Your Business? When it comes to servers, there’s no one-size-fits-all solution. To help your clients make the right choice, you must consider several factors like their immediate and future goals, budget, applications and programs they use, data type, etc. Who Should Consider Physical Servers? Physical servers are more beneficial to organizations that deal with a large amount of information. Businesses that run heavy-duty applications and programs and require optimum use of resources will find significant value in physical servers. Dedicated servers would be an ideal choice for businesses that store confidential information and require high levels of data security. Who Should Consider Virtual Servers? With virtual servers, you can scale resources up or down based on your need. This makes them suitable for startups and small and midsize businesses with variable demands and workloads. VMs are an ideal fit for businesses that run applications that serve a large number of users. Virtual servers are appropriate for businesses for whom cost is a major concern and can be the deciding factor. Backup for Both Physical and Virtual Servers Regardless of which type of server your clients run, as an MSP, it’s your responsibility to ensure your clients’ business and data are safe. Your MSP must have a reliable backup and recovery solution in place to ensure maximum protection and uptime in the event of an outage or disaster. Your clients rely on you for application and data availability and accessibility. The right BCDR solution can help you achieve this efficiently along with much more. Unitrends MSP Unified BCDR makes backup and data protection simple and hassle-free. It allows you to back up physical and virtual servers, both at the native hypervisor level and at the image level. With automated daily scheduling for your virtual and physical backups, you can save technician time and effort. Our appliances are available in both physical and virtual formats and are preconfigured with hardware, software and networking, which makes installation fast and effortless. Want to know how you can secure your client environment while maximizing profits? Contact us today!
User Tools Site Tools Writing a Servicemon Checker About checkers A NAV service checker is a small Python class (inside a module with the same name) which checks a service and reports whether it is up or down. The checkers are found in nav.statemon.checkers (or subsystem/statemon/nav/statemon/checker/ in the source tree). For each checker, there's a Python module ( and a corresponding description file (DhcpChecker.descr). A minimal example Here's a minimal ToasterChecker which doesn't actually do anything. from nav.statemon.abstractChecker import AbstractChecker from nav.statemon.event import Event class ToasterChecker(AbstractChecker): def __init__(self,service, kwargs): AbstractChecker.__init__(self, "toaster", service, port=0, kwargs) def execute(self): # This is where the checking takes place. You can do anything you want in the execute() method, as long # as you return either Event.UP or Event.DOWN with a descriptive message. # Don't worry about blocking; each checker runs in its own thread. # Get arguments ip, port = self.getAddress() timeout = self.getTimeout() # get timeout in seconds args = self.getArgs() # ... # Do your checking here # ... version = some_way_to_get_the_version_of_the_toaster() if something_went_wrong: Event.DOWN, 'Descriptive error message' self.setVersion(version) # This is optional (and will default to an empty string) return Event.UP, 'OK' These are the most commonly used methods: • self.getAddress() ⇒ (ip, port) tuple • self.getTimeout() ⇒ timeout (in seconds) • self.setVersion(version) • self.getArgs() ⇒ dictionary of arguments Check out for many more very rarely used methods. Description file The description file gives a human-readable name for the service and lists the required and optional arguments it takes. For example, looks like this: description=Domain Name Service optargs=port timeout The parser is a bit picky about the format, so if you don't have any required arguments you can't just write: args= <- WRONG! you actually have to leave the whole line out. For example ToasterChecker.descr would look like this: Testing the checker • linking vs. copying while copying • using to test the checker • servicemon.log • nav start servicemon / nav stop servicemon • tail -f /usr/local/nav/var/log/servicemon.log Notes and pitfalls You can do anything you want (including blocking activities) since the checker runs in its own thread. The .py and .descr files must be named in strict camelcase (DhcpChecker), even though the service itself is an acronym (DHCP). The checker will appear on the webside in lowercase (dhcp). Many checkers have a getRequiredArgs() function. Just ignored it. It is never called, and can safely be left out when writing new checkers. (The .descr file provides this information now.) devel/servicemon.txt · Last modified: 2010/05/20 13:21 by olemb
Ifa Fuyu Photo of Ifa Fuyû, c. 1912 Ifa's grave at Urasoe gusuku • Born: 1876/2/20 • Died: 1947/8/13 • Japanese: 伊波普猷 (Iha Fuyuu, or Ifa Fuyuu) Iha Fuyû, or Ifa by the Okinawan language pronunciation of his surname, was a pioneer and leader in the field of Okinawan Studies. He was a fierce advocate for the idea that Okinawan and Japanese people, and cultures, came from the same origin, and that with Okinawa prefecture now being a part of Japan, assimilation was the best path. Ifa was born on February 20, 1876, in the Nishi neighborhood of Naha; his family was part of the Gyo (魚) lineage of Naha aristocracy and their home was well-known locally as belonging to a family of wealth or status.[1] In 1895, Ifa was attending Okinawa First Prefectural Middle School (on the former site of the Crown Prince's mansion) when a strike took place against the abolition of English-language classes; Ifa was identified as one of the ringleaders and was expelled from the school. He then traveled to Kyoto, where he attended Kyoto Third High School (today, Kyoto University). He entered Tokyo Imperial University in 1903, where he majored in linguistics. He graduated in 1906 and returned to Naha, where he began to compose one essay after another on Okinawa-related subjects, joining the vanguard in Okinawan Studies. In one of his earliest essays, "The Establishment of [Okinawa] Prefecture Viewed from Evolutionary Theory" (written 1909, revised 1942), he draws upon the racial and evolutionary theories prominent at the time, arguing that because of Ryûkyû's small size and relative isolation, Ryukyuan people had not been able to intermix with other peoples very much, and suffered from a degree of inbreeding, resulting in their short stature and certain other features; but that the people of Shuri and Naha had intermixed with Chinese and other peoples (ta jinshu) to a somewhat greater extent, resulting in their slightly superior physical attributes. For this reason, and because annexation to Japan and the advent of modernity would introduce numerous new philosophies and religions into Japan, Ifa argued that the abolition of the Ryûkyû Kingdom and its annexation into Japan was a positive development for the Okinawan people; he wrote that the Zhu Xi-style Neo-Confucianism which had dominated the royal court had "poisoned" the kingdom, and the people, intellectually. This disparaging attitude towards Confucianism (as a backwards philosophy which had held East Asia back from becoming more "modern" earlier, or more quickly) was also a product of Ifa's time, a common attitude in both Japanese and Chinese intellectual circles at the time.[2] Similarly, Ifa wrote in his 1910-1911 essay Ryûkyû jinshu ron ("On the Race/Ethnicity of Ryukyu") that the Ryukyuans were fundamentally of the same race or ethnicity (J: jinshu) as the Japanese, and that for today's Ryukyuans, quick assimilation (J: dôka) with the Japanese was the best path. All in all, Gregory Smits describes Ifa's theme as an intention to explain to Japanese readers that Okinawans were not an inherently inferior race, but simply had been shaped by unfortunate historical circumstances, and that given the proper education and opportunities, they could grow to become just as modern, just as civilized, just as physically and intellectually capable, as any Japanese, a message of great political import at the time.[2] In 1910, Ifa was named the first director of the Okinawa Prefectural Library; in addition to overseeing the collection of documents and other materials, he traveled around the islands giving more than 300 lectures. Ifa published his first book, Ko-Ryûkyû ("Old Ryukyu"), in 1911, collecting up many of his earlier essays. From that time forward, he engaged with fellow Okinawa Studies scholars Majikina Ankô, Higaonna Kanjun, and others, pioneering the field. A number of prominent anthropologists and folklorists (minzokugakusha) from the mainland visited Okinawa and met with Ifa and others beginning in the 1920s. This included Yanagita Kunio in 1921, and Orikuchi Shinobu, who visited Okinawa in 1921 and again in 1923. Yanagita convinced Ifa to travel to Tokyo in 1925, where he stayed for some time, devoting himself to the study of the Omoro sôshi, and taking part in symposiums and research meetings held by Yanagita. Ifa also attended meetings on Ainu Studies in Tokyo, and began his own colloquium to discuss the Omoro sôshi. Over the course of 1925-26, he published four books. Ifa was an active and prominent participant in many of the significant scholarly debates of the early 20th century. In 1926, he argued that references to "Ryûkyû" in the Book of Sui (the earliest references to "Ryûkyû" in any written text) did in fact refer to Ryûkyû, against a number of scholars who asserted it referred to Taiwan. Ifa fell ill and died in Tokyo on August 13, 1947, at the age of 72, and is buried at Urasoe gusuku, on Okinawa. • Yokoyama Manabu 横山学, Ryûkyû koku shisetsu torai no kenkyû 琉球国使節渡来の研究, Tokyo: Yoshikawa kôbunkan (1987), 8-11. • Plaque at the former site of Ifa Fuyû's first home, Naha Nishi 1-13-3.[2] 1. A plaque stands today at the site of this former home, at Nishi 1-13-3.[1] 2. 2.0 2.1 Gregory Smits, "Rethinking Ryukyu," International Journal of Okinawan Studies 6:1 (2015), 3-4.
What is 2 milk in the UK? Is semi-skimmed milk the same as 2 percent? The milk is buy % , i.e. 1% or 2%. We normally have semi-skimmed over here and we’ve tried both the 1% & 2%. Sanibel and a villa. 28 Mar 08, 11:46 PM Guest Guest We buy the 2% as equivalent to semi-skimmed which is what we use here, but DS likes full fat milk so we end up with 2 types. What is 2% or whole milk? 2% means that the entire weight of the milk contains 2% milkfat. The dairy processor skims the fat off the top of the vat, and adds it back in, after calculating the weight of fat needed. Excess fat is turned into butter or cream. Whole milk means it has 3.5%, generally speaking. What is double milk? 03/4Double toned milk Double toned milk is made by mixing whole milk with skimmed milk or skimmed milk powder. … The milk is low in fat and calories and ideal for people trying to lose weight. Double toned milk has around 1.5 per cent fat. What is whole milk in UK? Standardised whole milk has a fat content of 3.5%. It is recommended that children between the age of one and two should be given whole milk rather than lower fat varieties of milk. THIS IS FUN: What is a British apple? Is 2 milk a skim milk? The biggest difference between whole, 2 percent and skim milk is in the fat and calorie content. … Two percent milk is a reduced-fat product containing 122 calories and 4.8 grams of fat per cup. Skim milk is also known as nonfat milk and provides 86 calories and less than 1 gram of fat in each one cup serving. What milk is closest to skim? Read on for a few great recommendations. 2. Almond Milk. … 3. Coconut Milk. … 4. Oat Milk. … 5. Rice Milk. … 6. Cashew Milk. … 7. Macadamia Milk. … 8. Hemp Milk. Which is healthier whole milk or 2 percent? Comparing the Nutrition One cup of whole milk has 150 calories and 8 grams of fat, while the same serving of 2-percent fat milk has 120 calories and 5 grams of fat. … Vitamin and mineral content is also similar, although 2-percent milk is a slightly better source of vitamin A and calcium.
Why ADHD in Girls Often Goes Undiagnosed Why ADHD in Girls Often Goes Undiagnosed According to the CDC, more than six million children have ever been diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and diagnoses in boys outpace those in girls by more than two to one — 12.9% compared with 5.6%. Boys aren’t more prone to ADHD, so why the disparity in diagnoses and why is ADHD often missed in girls? At Bowman Medical Group, our team of highly experienced and qualified mental health professionals understands the complexities of diagnosing ADHD and the difference in symptoms between boys and girls. We should note that these same disparities are often present in adult men and women with ADHD. In the following, we explore these differences to better understand how ADHD can present itself quite differently between boys and girls. Not “acting out” ADHD is an incredibly complex disorder with several components, which is why the condition went from being simply attention-deficit disorder (ADD) to now including the hyperactivity aspect. Also called disruptive behavior disorders, which includes conduct disorder and oppositional defiant disorder, these signs of ADHD are more often displayed by boys than girls. One of the reasons for this is that girls tend to develop social and emotional skills earlier than boys, which allow them to practice better self control. As an aside, this type of internalization can, unfortunately, also lead to higher incidences of co-occurring substance use disorders, as well as mood and anxiety disorders. Because the behaviors that fall under hyperactivity are far more noticeable, and boys display them more often than girls, this leads to more diagnoses of ADHD among boys. Tuning out Another reason why ADHD is commonly missed in girls is that, absent hyperactivity, the attention deficit component is often attributed to just “tuning out.” Most kids are easily distracted and daydreaming in the classroom or at home isn’t necessarily uncommon. Because of this, ADHD in girls may be chalked up to just “being in another world,” too often, especially if they’re not displaying any of the other, more noticeable, symptoms. There may be some cultural biases here, too, in that girls are often referred to as “ditzy” or “airheads,” and these types of monikers preclude a more clinical reason for their lack of focus. Little research Since boys are more apt to be diagnosed with ADHD than girls, much of the research surrounding this condition is focused on boys. This means that when parents and medical professionals, alike, try and better understand ADHD, the information is slanted toward boys. Identifying ADHD in girls At our practice, we’ve made great strides in better identifying ADHD in girls, which often presents as an inattentive type of ADHD. If there’s a lack of hyperactivity, we look for other signs, which may include: If we identify the presence of clinical ADHD, the good news is that the same medications and therapies that help boys can also improve symptoms in girls. If you’d like to learn more about ADHD in girls, contact our office in Beverly Hills, California, to schedule a consultation. You Might Also Enjoy... The Many Benefits of Telemedicine Telemedicine provides convenient access to medical care, removing barriers like lack of transportation and time. In many ways, telemedicine is the modern version of the traditional house call, but its many benefits go well beyond convenience. What to Expect During Psychological Testing If you’re new to therapy, the idea of psychological testing can seem intimidating until you realize it’s simply an exam to uncover the current state of your health. It’s much like a routine physical, but for your mental and emotional well-being. What To Do When Your Anxiety Becomes Debilitating Persistent and excessive fear, worry, and nervousness can hijack your life. But you don’t have to face your debilitating anxiety on your own. There are many treatments and therapies that can help you take back control of your anxiety. Recognizing the Signs of ADHD in Your Child All parents face many parenting challenges along the way. These challenges can become difficult struggles if you’re the parent of a child or adolescent with ADHD. Take a moment to learn about the signs of ADHD and how to manage a diagnosis.
Saving Now So You Can Quickly Pay Off Student Loans Later by : Court Tuttle Managing a college budget marks the first time, for the majority of college students that they have to be responsible for handling their own finances. It can be stressful and challenging. Having a solid plan and staying with it, all things are possible. You should start by developing a budget and determine exactly the amount of funds that you will have to live on for a monthly basis. Next, it needs to be divided down to a monthly basis so you become aware of how much you will be able to spend on everything for the entire school year. You need to be organized and to keep records as you go along to make sure you are staying within your planned budget. Once all of this is put to paper the picture will become much clearer. There will be many changes the first month. The ability to properly budget and manage your personal finances will gradually come to view. The main goal of a budget is to see where the money is going and where you can cut back on and to save as much as you can. Next, you will need to understand what your minimum needs are and also determine what other expenses you will need in order to live and survive. These could be telephone, utilities, rent, gasoline, health care, laundry expenses, entertainment and unexpected expenses which, should all be added to your budget. The most necessary item first to go on your budget is food. If you are one of the lucky ones that can afford a meal ticket, then only snacks will be on the budget. If not, food becomes a very large item. You can reduce your food expenses by buying food at the grocery store instead of eating out or buying food in bulk. Some students try to work in the cafeteria where food is either free or sold at a very inexpensive cost. It would be wise not to have a car at school. Here you could save money in areas of parking, insurance, gasoline, maintenance and theft. Walking and the bus are transportation modes that are inexpensive and great on the budget. Try to purchase used books which are usually in good condition and cost about half of the price of new ones. There are great ways to entertain yourself. You can visit museums, parks, read at the coffeehouse, check out sale racks, cut coupons and search the Internet. You will make many friends doing the same thing.
Best antibacterial treatment strategies A mathematical model has been used to explore different approaches to minimising antibiotic resistance. 12 November 2015 Interview with Caroline Colijn, Imperial College London The UK's chief medical officer Dame Sally Davies has ranked the threat posed by antibiotic resistance as on par with terrorism. A number of strategies have been put forward to combat the problem, but one area being debated is whether to hit bugs really hard in one fell swoop, or to take a more gentle approach. Now a mathematical model developed by Imperial College scientist Caroline Colijn suggests that both strategies have their place, but you need to use them under the right circumstances, as she explained to Graihagh Jackson... Caroline - So it's long been thought that hard and fast approach to treating with strong antibiotics will be best at preventing the emergence of drug resistance within individuals, and there's also an opposing or competing view to that that of course when you treat very strongly, you also very efficiently select for any resistant organisms that might be present initially or that might arise during that treatment. So there have been two recent bodies of literature, one arguing for a hit hard and fast, treat really strongly with a strong dose of antibiotics, and the other arguing for a more moderate approach to using the least possible amount of antibiotics that will cure the infection. Graihagh - And your paper is looking at these two strategies and seeing which is best within a mathematical model. How did you go about that? Caroline - So we used two models. We used a model for the bacterial infection inside one individual and we studied how two strains, a resistant strain and a sensitive strain might interact and how that might play out under different strengths of treatment. Then we did the same thing at a community level where you imagine a drug sensitive strain and a drug resistance strain circulating amongst individuals and we look at whether really strong treatment or more moderate treatment, which one of those will drive more increases in resistance. Graihagh - What did your model show? Caroline - So we found that both of these two opposing views can really be right under very sensible assumptions in models. So it can be the case that it's really best to do the hard and fast treatment, but it can equally well be the case that it's really best, in terms of minimising resistance to take a more moderate approach to how much treatment to give. We found that the key factor that determines which of those is right, is how effectively the two strains are actually competing with each other. Graihagh - Competing, what do you mean? Caroline - So, two strains would be competing if suppressing one of them paves the way for, provides additional resources for, or in some way helps the other one. If the strains are just spreading independently and they are not related to each other in terms of how many you have of one and how many you have of other, then that's a very different scenario in terms of whether treatment drives resistance than if the two strains are depending on the same resources and are really in strong, active competition with each other. Graihagh - So competition is the key thing here? Caroline - That's right. We found that when the resistant strain was a fit and strong competitor to the sensitive strain, in order to minimise resistance, it's best to do a more moderate approach to treatment. Whereas when that resistant strain can be assumed not to be a very fit competitor either because it just doesn't grow very well or because it faces a really strong immune system that's really effective at suppressing it, then the more aggressive approach is great because it more rapidly supresses the sensitive bugs and they are most of the problem and they don't have a fit competitor. Graihagh - This is all in a mathematical model, so I wonder what the limitations of this might be. Is this something that you have seen within the real world in vivo? Caroline - Well I think we have certainly seen rising resistance at population levels, so you can track the emergence of resistance with a short leg behind the introduction of new antibiotics. So we know that using antibiotics is driving resistance on long terms at the population level and those are regimes where it's actually very hard to empirically experiment. So I think there's a real role for mathematical models to play in uncovering fundamental mechanisms and looking at what's important in driving these effects in a way that maybe help us to guide empirical studies to understand these interactions. Graihagh - I suppose in an ideal world you would be able to test this sort of competition within individuals to determine what sort of treatment might be best, but I suppose that's not something that's already on the cards just yet? Caroline - Right, I think it would be really important to get much better understanding of the kinds of strain diversities that we have in human infections in lots of different pathogens and also not just a picture of that diversity as a single snapshot, but to really develop an understanding of how strains are interacting within hosts and also in communities of individuals, and I think there are some real challenges to that. I think there is a growing awareness that resistant strains are increasing in fitness and we need to start thinking about these possible competitive interactions between resistant and sensitive strains. Add a comment
Sociology is often described as “the study of society”. What does this mean? Well …. Sociologists try to answer questions about society, such as: • Why are there rich and poor people in society? What can we do to eliminate poverty? • Why are Pacific island societies facing development challenges while other societies enjoy economic affluence? • What is globalization and what are its main impacts and challenges in the Pacific? • Why are women and men not equal in many societies? What can we do to change this? • What are the roles, impacts and challenges of religion in the Pacific? • What are the pressing issues, changes and challenges experienced by families in the Pacific? • Why do some people commit crime? What can we do to stop crime? Why are there “race” and ethnic conflicts in many societies, including Fiji and the Pacific? If you have thought of these and other questions about your society, if you have wondered why people behave the way they do, and why our society works as the way it does, and what you can do to make it better, then sociology is for you! To borrow one author’s words, “Sociology examines and questions even the most familiar patterns of social behaviour (regarding institutions in societies). It can help students to better understand their own lives and those of people from other cultures” (Schaefer, R. T., 2008 Sociology 11th edition). Why study Sociology Sociology equips students with unique and solid analytical skills and competencies to benefit their future careers in diverse areas such as social policy, education, criminal justice, gender, public health, urban planning, social welfare, public administration, international relations, management, etc. Sociology at the University of the South Pacific has long been one of the most diverse programmes in terms of staff backgrounds, qualifications, research interests/outputs, and course offerings. The Sociology courses cover such topics as culture and tradition, globalization and social change, religion, social policy, social theory and research, family, gender and sexuality, workplace relations, and more! For students who wish to pursue postgraduate study in Sociology or Social Policy & Administration, an undergraduate degree in Sociology will provide a thorough grounding in the theoretical and methodological foundations of the discipline. What jobs can you get with a sociology degree? Well, the list is endless. Our graduates are in: • Government Ministries; • Non-governmental organisations and civil society organisations; • International and regional organisations; • School teaching; • Consultancy; • Private sector; etc. etc… Your employment possibilities are limited only by your imagination. Sociology staff: We have a diverse, international, research-active team of lecturers in Sociology. Please see our staff page for full profiles of:
Skip to main content Pretty Physics Picture of the Week: Supersonic Splash There's something very elegant about these images. It's just a disc being pulled rapidly down into water, but the space left behind looks so pretty. The researchers who took the pictures weren't out to make art. They were studying what happens when an object rapidly plunges into a fluid. It turns out that the void left behind collapses and pushes out a supersonic jet of air. If you want to learn more about the science of the supersonic splash, it's worth looking over an explanation by University of Maryland physicist Dan Lathrop in the APS online publication Physics. Dan knows lots about the topic. I used to work across the hall from his lab where he did related experiments. Instead of dropping things into water, he had a huge pool that was mounted on an apparatus that bounced it up and down, creating waves that would collide to create jets of water that shot straight up in nearly unbelievable liquid spikes. Of course, you can forget about the science and just appreciate the fleeting and elegant lines in the images instead. Or better yet, watch a movie of the splash in an article by Lisa Grossman at Science News. That's all I feel like doing at the moment - after all, sometimes it's nice to relax and enjoy the beauty of physics, and to leave the worrying about the calculus and data crunching for another day. Popular Posts How 4,000 Physicists Gave a Vegas Casino its Worst Week Ever Ask a Physicist: Phone Flash Sharpie Shock! The Science of Ice Cream: Part One

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