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The Rime of the Ancient Mariner Characters by Samuel Taylor Coleridge The Rime of the Ancient Mariner book cover Start Your Free Trial The Rime of the Ancient Mariner Characters The main characters in “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner” are the ancient mariner, the wedding guest, and the hermit. • The ancient mariner is an old sailor tormented by his murder of an innocent albatross and the subsequent curse put upon his ship. • The wedding guest is a man who cannot pull himself away from the mariner and his tale. • The hermit is a holy man from whom the mariner begs absolution at the end of his voyage. Download The Rime of the Ancient Mariner Study Guide Subscribe Now The Ancient Mariner Although the ancient mariner is the narrator of the story within the poem and tells the wedding guest (and the reader) about this one voyage in detail, he reveals very little about himself. He is described as ancient, but we know nothing of his past. We do not even know his name. Wordsworth wrote that one of the poem’s great defects was that the ancient mariner himself had “no distinct character,” and that one might expect someone who had been through so many extraordinary supernatural experiences to be more personally compelling. However, the poem presents the ancient mariner as one who is essentially passive. In his tale, many things happen to him, but after shooting the albatross, he does not take any definitive action: he merely survives. This makes the ancient mariner, in his way, an “everyman” figure, much like the wedding guest. The mariner’s lack of any distinguishing characteristics allows the reader to concentrate on the events of the poem and its moral message. This is one of the reasons why neither the ancient mariner nor any other character has a name. The Wedding Guest The wedding guest is a flat character, defined initially by his impatience to get away from the ancient mariner and later on by fear and wonder at the old man’s tale. His name is never revealed, and the ancient mariner does not ask. In this way, he, like the mariner, can be an “everyman” figure who listens passively to the story and responds as an average man might. It is not clear, however, why the ancient mariner’s message should make him “A sadder and a wiser man.” This may be an indication of his pity for the ancient mariner and sadness at the fate of sinners. The Hermit The hermit is described as a good, pious, simple man; he is found kneeling in prayer at all times of day. Although he is perplexed by the strangeness of the ancient mariner’s ship, he does not seem frightened, as the pilot and his boy are. He enjoys talking to sailors and hearing about their adventures, which may be why he is in the boat with the pilot. The Pilot The pilot is described mainly by his function, which is to row out in a small boat and guide ships into the harbor. When he does this in the case of the ancient mariner’s ship, he is amazed and frightened by a sequence of strange events, culminating in the ship abruptly sinking. Before the ship sinks, he remarks that “it hath a fiendish look.” The Pilot’s Boy The pilot’s boy only has a very minor role to play in the poem, but he makes one original observation. When he sees how fast the ancient mariner rows towards the shore, the boy says that “The Devil knows how to row” and laughs as he does so. The reference to going “crazy” suggests that this laughter is maniacal and that the boy is frightened, as the pilot admits to being. The boy, however, seems to be attempting to hide his fear beneath a show of bravado. Death is a skeleton who sails on a skeletal ghost ship with his partner, Life-in-Death. They play dice and he loses to her. He is portrayed as the less terrible of the two and is less clearly described. Life-in-Death is a terrifying woman with golden hair, red lips, and skin as white as leprosy. She is nightmarish and chills the blood. She wins the game of dice with Death and selects the ancient mariner as her prey. The First Voice The first voice that speaks at... (The entire section is 951 words.)
new economy a.k.a. dot-conomy -or- Internet economy -or- knowledge economy -or- Webonomics In tech speak, it's a buzzword created in Silicon Valley referring to the profit margin gains that were made once monies invested into the commercial Internet sector panned out. In general, it refers to new industries, such as the Internet and biotech, that are characterized by cutting-edge technology and high growth. Historical perspective: A 1983 cover article in Time, "The New Economy", described the transition from heavy industry to a new technology based economy. By 1997, Newsweek was referring to the "new economy" in many articles. Prior to the Nasdaq crash on April 14, 2000, many VC firms believed that Internet technology was, in fact, creating a new economy (based primarily on B2C, e-commerce, and B2B applications). But stock market analysts disagreed, stating that since no profits were being made, many dot-coms were overvalued. The concept of the new economy, which once promised an exciting and profitable future, has been all but cast aside as nothing more than hype. In fact, 75 percent of B2C dot-coms ceased operations in the year 2000. Many execs and researchers believe that information itself is as valuable as money. They suggest that once the wash-out of bad business models clears the way for some real players, investment into the tech sector will continue and the industry will eventually become profitable (again). It is generally agreed upon that although the industry got a little ahead of itself, a strong Internet-based sector of the economy will reemerge, which subsequently happened with Web 2.0, big tech and GAFA NetLingo Classification: Online Business
Of Horse Created by Horse enthusiasts for Horse enthusiasts Never Underestimate a Horse! Facebook Tweet Google+ Pinterest Email More Sharing Options Never Underestimate a Horse! You never know what may exist inside your horse’s mind. Some of our horse pals have developed far beyond what we might think of as a horse’s capabilities. There are many stand-out equine examples of remarkable achievements over the years. Here are a few: Have you ever owned a wild-and-crazy horse? In 300 B.C. a horse named Bucephalus was said to be completely untame-able, until he met Alexander the Great, Macedonia’s leader in days of old. Alexander was such a horseman that he was able to perceive the cause of Bucephalus's wild ways -- the horse was afraid of his own shadow, becoming frightened whenever he saw it. Alexander began speaking softly to Bucephalus, and simply turned the horse's head so the offending shadow was out of sight. Bucephalus remained calm, and Alexander subsequently rode him in many historical battles. The two shared an unbreakable bond until Bucephalus’s death in 326 B.C. Alexander went on to became known as the first “horse whisperer” in history, and named a city after his four-footed friend. Maybe you have a brainiac horse like Clever Hans. In the 1900s, Clever Hans, a German horse, was known for his incredible intelligence and ability to perform tasks no horse could do, including reading, solving math problems, telling the time and picking out musical notes. The horse’s owner, Wilhelm von Osten, would demonstrate Clever Hans’s abilities by asking questions -- either verbally or in writing -- and Hans would respond correctly. Hans was even investigated by psychologist, Oskar Pfungst, who discovered that the horse was perceptively reading and interpreting body language and applying his information to many intellectual questions. Amazing! Sometimes there’s a horse that's really in tune with his telepathic abilities, something horses have been shown to have in greater or lesser degrees, as an aid to survival. Lady Wonder was a striking example of this ability. She was able to answer questions by using her nose to flip lettered blocks to spell out her responses. She was considered clairvoyant in her ability to reveal information about the past, present and future. From the 1920s to her death in 1957, Lady Wonder received 150,000 visitors at her home in Richmond, Virginia -- people seeking her insight. She even made headline news whenever she helped police solve crimes or find missing persons. Ever been glad you never gave up on a horse? That’s the story of Red Rum, whose trainer discovered the horse had a debilitating bone disease affecting his hooves, causing lameness. When the trainer found that Red Rum’s hooves healed whenever Red ran on the beach, the trainer concentrated on working the horse exclusively in that salty environment. The result? Red Rum became one of the fasted racehorses in history. Your horse may be artistic and you might not notice! Cholla, a horse in the U.S., became known as “The Painting Horse” when, one day in 2004, he picked up a brush near some paint and began painting on paper his owner had situated on an easel. Cholla chooses the colors he wants to use and applies them holding the brush in his mouth. People have theorized that Cholla paints to express his emotions, to play and to communicate with people. Cholla even won an award in an Italian art competition in which he was the only non-human! How much compassion have you witnessed in a horse? Magic is a U.S. miniature therapy horse that is said to perform healing miracles in the people she visits in hospitals, hospices and other places. In 2010, Magic became known worldwide when she inspired an elderly patient to speak for the first time in years. Magic is also credited with inspiring another patient to awaken from a coma. Just incredible! Have you ever discovered one horse living inside another? Notinrwildestdremz is just such a miracle. The horse was close to starvation at a breeding farm where she suffered abuse and neglect when, in 2009, she was rescued by Sean and Angelika Kerr. These folks noticed that Notinrwildestdremz loved to run, so they hired well-known trainer, Billy Turner, to get the horse in racing shape. Just three years later, in 2012, Notinrwildestdremz happily began her life as a racer by finishing her first race at New York’s Aqueduct Racetrack. What a transformation! Photo: Dinozzo Thanks! Your brochure will be on its way shortly. 1. Rene Wright Rene Wright Voted! Love this article. One never knows what their horse may be capable of unless they are presented with the option to showcase their talents. :) 1. MReynolds Thank you, Rene -- I completely agree with you about the often hidden (and super special) talents of our horses! (P.S. Thanks for the vote, too!) 2. Eve Sherrill York Eve Sherrill York Great stories. Voted. 1. MReynolds Thank you! :) 3. Vin Chauhun Wow !!!! Fascinating story about horses. I never knew Alexander the great had a "problem" horse, and that he managed to tame the horse :) (who was afraid of his own shadow!) 1. Vin Chauhun .and voted up!! 1. MReynolds Thanks! I bet there are a bunch of horses throughout the world who are just as incredible. Maybe we even have one and don't know it! Thanks for the vote! Sign Up to Vote! 10 second sign-up with Facebook or Google Already a member? Log in to vote.
Essential points on the technical performance of mould steel The use of mould steel is very wide, so the working con […] The use of mould steel is very wide, so the working conditions of mould steel must meet the height, strength, wear resistance, and sufficient toughness, as well as high hardenability, hardenability and other process properties. We need to know four important points about the performance of the mould. Refers to forging, rolling hot workability, and cold workability in the form of cutting and grinding.They are related to the chemical composition of sodium, metallurgical quality, microstructure, and sulfur and phosphorus content. Most of the mould steel contains a variety of alloy elements. In addition, steels with higher contents, especially high-carbon and high-alloy steels, must strictly control the heating system and cooling method during hot working. To avoid or reduce the waste of hot working, and improve the structure state before cold working, In order to reduce the tool wear during cold working and improve the surface quality of the mould. 2. Heat treatment deformation and quenching temperature. The finished mould requires the size and shape of the mould to be more stable during the final heat treatment. Therefore, the degree of deformation of the mould during the heat treatment is very strict, and the quenching temperature range is wide enough to reduce the occurrence of Overheating. 3. Hardenability and hardenability Hardenability is mainly related to the chemical composition of the steel, especially the carbon content. Hardenability depends on the chemical composition of the steel. It is also related to the original structure of the steel before quenching. The requirements for these two properties of mould steel are different according to the conditions of use of different moulds. For example, for steels for die-cutting and drawing dies that require high hardness on the surface, the hardenability is relatively heavy and easy, and for hot hammer forging die steels that require uniform and consistent properties across the entire section, hardenability is even more important. 4.Decarbonization sensitivity Decarburization of the mould surface will reduce the mechanical properties of the mould surface layer, so the lower the decarburization sensitivity of the mould steel, the better. However, under the same heating conditions, the decarburization sensitivity of steel depends on the chemical composition of the steel, especially the amount of carbon. Views: 117
corner graphic Hi, Finding the new version too difficult to understand? Go to Bible Commentaries Thomas Coke Commentary on the Holy Bible Isaiah 15 The lamentable state of Moab. Before Christ 712. Verse 1 Isaiah 15:1. The burden of Moab In this and the next chapter, which contain the third discourse, the prophet, in a most lively manner, foretels the fate of the Moabites; wherein we have, first, the title prefixed to it, Isaiah 15:1. Secondly, the context, or body of the prophecy, Isaiah 15:1 to Isaiah 16:12. Thirdly, the conclusion, chap. Isaiah 16:13-14. The context, or body of the prophecy is two-fold: the first part sets forth at large the calamity impending over Moab—in this chapter; the second relates the causes of these evils, by way of counsel suggested to the Moabites; and, after giving the Jews hopes of a more prosperous state of their nation, repeats the same prediction, chap. Isaiah 16:1-12. The first part is comprehended in three sentences of similar argument, which unfold both the evils coming upon the Moabites, and the consequence of them; lamentation, mourning, and distress; the first in Isaiah 15:1-4 the second, Isaiah 15:5-7 the third, Isaiah 15:8-9. There can be no doubt that this prophesy literally refers to the Moabites, and Vitringa thinks it unquestionable from the last verse of the 14th chapter, that it was completed by the destruction brought upon the Moabites by Salmanezer, three years after its delivery. For the history of the Moabites, see Vitringa and the Univ. Hist. vol. 2: p. 125. Because in the night Ar of Moab From this to the fourth verse, we have the first sentence of the first part of this prophesy: wherein are an antecedent and consequent: the antecedent—the devastation of the principal cities of Moab, which should involve the whole nation in destruction: Isaiah 15:1 the consequence— the distress and common lamentation of the Moabites under this calamity. The prophet so orders his discourse in this prophecy, as if, being placed on a high mountain, he beheld the army of the Assyrians, suddenly, and contrary to all expectation, directing their course towards Moab; and in this unforeseen attack ravaging and plundering, rather than besieging the principal cities and fortifications of this country; while the Moabites, astonished at the report of this event, burst forth into weeping and lamentation, and hasten to the temples and altars of their god Chemosh, to implore his aid, making bare their heads, cutting off their hair, and filling all places with howling and lamentation, like desperate men; while some of them fall by the sword of the enemy, some of them fly towards Arabia; their goods, land, vineyards, &c. being left a spoil to the enemy and avenger. The article כי ki, because, prefixed to this prophesy, may be rendered, truly, certainly; or it may be taken in its proper sense. Because in the night Ar of Moab is laid waste, he (namely Moab, Isaiah 15:2.) is gone up, &c. But Vitringa thinks it more elegant and emphatical to render it affirmatively; Truly in the night, &c. Genesis 4:24. 1 Samuel 14:39. Instead of, and brought to silence, Bishop Lowth reads is undone. Ar and Kir were two of the principal and best fortified cities of Moab: see chap. Isaiah 16:7-11 where the latter is called Kir-hareseth,—the city of the sun, as they worshipped there the sun under the appellation of Chemosh. This destruction of Moab is said to have been in the night, which seems a metaphorical expression to denote the sudden and unexpected ruin. which should come upon them like a thief in the night. See Job 27:20; Job 34:25. The towns mentioned in the following verses belong to the Moabites; some of them have been mentioned in the preceding parts of the scripture; it is probable that they were remarkably famous for their high places, temples, and altars. The prophet closes the fourth verse with telling us that even the armed soldiers themselves, the warriors, and those who should defend the state, should lose all their spirit and courage, and join in the general lamentation and dismay. See Jeremiah 48:34; Jeremiah 48:41. The last clause, His life, &c. might be rendered, The soul of every one of them shall be in distress. Verses 5-7 Isaiah 15:5-7. My heart shall cry out for Moab Hitherto the prophet had set forth the lamentation of the Moabites; but seeing these future evils as it were present to his own mind, he compassionates their griefs, and declares his own participation of their sorrows: the meaning of the next clause is, "His fugitives wander even unto Zoar, an heifer of three years old;" that is to say, sending forth their cries by weeping and lamenting, like a heifer, &c." Three years old is mentioned only to denote a full-grown heifer; the lowing of which, naturalists have remarked, is deeper and more affecting than that of the male: but Jeremiah, in the 34th verse of his 48th chapter, has given us the true exposition. It is not certain what place Luhith was; but we may hence collect, clearly enough, that it was some elevated tract or ascent in the extremity of Moab. Bishop Lowth reads it, yea, to the ascent of Luith with weeping shall they ascend: and instead of my heart shall cry out, &c. in the first clause, The heart of Moab crieth within her. Horonaim was also a city of Moab, situated probably in the descent from Luhith. The prophet in the next verses sets forth the causes of lamentation among the inhabitants of this southern part of Moab. The first is the desolation of their fruitful fields, Isaiah 15:6. (See Numbers 32:3-36.) Nimrim seems to have been celebrated for its fine fountains and waters. The other cause of grief is set forth in the 7th verse; which should be rendered, Because the remnant which they had made and laid up, shall they [the Assyrians] carry away to, or beyond, the valley of willows, or the Arabians. Vitringa thinks that the just rendering is, The valley of the willows, and that Babylon is hereby denoted, the banks of the Euphrates abounding with willows. See Psalms 137:2 and Bochart Hieroz. p. 1. lib. viii. c. 7. Verse 8-9 Isaiah 15:8-9. For the cry is gone round, &c.— The prophet contemplating, with the most lively imagination, the motion and consternation of all Moab, as if present to his view, scarcely satisfies himself in painting the scene: he repeats again in this place the proposition, and supplies by a general declaration what he might seem not to have expressed with sufficient perfection before: he therefore declares, that this lamentation of which he speaks shall not be private, and peculiar to one place, or to a few, but common to all; and that the tempest should not break upon this or that part of the country only, but should afflict all Moab, every corner and boundary of it; for this cry, this sorrowful howling, is said to go round, to encompass all the borders and extreme boundaries of Moab, and to take in the whole from Eglaim to Beer-elim, two cities in the extremities of Moab. He adds in the 9th verse some additional reasons for this lamentation; the first of which is, the great slaughter of the people, which the enemy should make in Moab, expressed in these words, The waters of Dimon shall be full of blood, for I will bring more upon, or add accessions to, Dimon; that is to say, the waters of Dimon should be increased by the rivers of the blood of the slain which should flow into them, and so should add accessions, or increase to them. Those waters should increase, and become even a torrent, from the blood of the slain. The expression is strong and elegant. It is uncertain where this river was, which is thought to have had its name from דם dam, blood, and there is an elegance in this allusion. See 2 Kings 3:19; 2 Kings 3:22. The other evil, the completion of all the rest, and the severest cause of their lamentation, is, that God would not even spare a remnant to restore hereafter, and renew this fallen state. God should find a lion upon them that escaped out of Moab, and upon the remnant of the land: by which is commonly understood, that God would not spare any of them, but would pursue them with his judgments to the last extremity, and send upon them, and on their desolate country, lions and wild beasts to destroy entirely all that remained. Yet I am persuaded, says Vitringa, that something farther is here intended, and that Nebuchadnezzar is manifestly pointed out, who, after the Moabites, reduced extremely low by the Assyrians, began to recruit themselves, should give the remnant of the nation to destruction, and complete the judgment which the Assyrian had begun. Compare what Jeremiah says of Nebuchadnezzar, Jeremiah 4:7 and this will appear more probable. Our prophet also himself has used this figure. See ch. Isaiah 5:26-27 and compare Jeremiah 5:6; Jeremiah 48:40. The Chaldee paraphrast certainly so understood it, translating the word which we read lion by king: A king with his army to destroy the Moabites. See Vitringa. REFLECTIONS.—1st, This prophesy is either the same with that of chap. Isaiah 16:14 and was to be quickly accomplished, within three years, when Salmanezer ravaged the country; or distinct from that, and relative to the final destruction of Moab by Nebuchadnezzar, Jeremiah 48 or, as observed in my critical annotations, inclusive of both. We have here a picture of the most affecting distress. 1. Sudden and terrible would be the stroke: some of their cities surprised in the night, sacked, and demolished; others, in terror at the expectation of the same fate, with tokens of the bitterest anguish upon them, disfigured with baldness, and girt with sackcloth, and every place full of weeping and tears, loud as the heifer bellows, and reaching to the distant cities, whither they fly for shelter from the approaching ruin. Note; (1.) Death often seizes the sinner in the night with terrible surprise. (2.) When we lie down on our beds, our bed may be quickly made our grave by some unexpected stroke: let us therefore be always ready. (3.) It will be too late for those to cry, when God's wrath overtakes them, who before never cried to avert it. 2. All help should fail them: their mighty warriors should faint under their fears, and their life be a burden to them. Or it will bear to be read, His soul shall cry out for himself each bemoaning his wretched case; nor shall their idols afford them relief. Though they go up to their high places to weep, no answer shall be given them, and weeping they shall descend. Note; Creature-confidences, like idol-gods, will utterly fail us in time of trouble. 3. The prophet himself in pity drops a tear over their desolations, though enemies. Such tender and compassionate hearts should ministers possess, and, like their divine Lord, weep over those sinners that will not be warned. 2nd, From one corner to the other of the land, the cry of Moab should be heard; and no wonder, when her desolations were so great. 1. The country should be devoured and wasted by drought, or eat up as forage by these invaders; so that not a blade of grass should remain; and their abundance, with so much care collected and laid up, be carried away to the brook of the willows; either by themselves to hide it, or rather by their enemies to Babylon, so called from its marshy situation. Note; This world's riches are often a short-lived possession, so soon do they make themselves wings and fly away. 2. The waters of Dimon shall be full of blood; the numbers of the slain so great, that her streams should be died thereby: and more, or additions, of trouble be brought upon them; the lions shall glean those who escape from the sword. Note; When God in just vengeance begins with sinners, he will make an end; and while they continue hardened, he will not be weary in smiting them. Copyright Statement These files are public domain. Text Courtesy of Used by Permission. Bibliography Information Coke, Thomas. "Commentary on Isaiah 15:4". Thomas Coke Commentary on the Holy Bible. 1801-1803. Lectionary Calendar Wednesday, June 3rd, 2020 the Week of Proper 4 / Ordinary 9 Commentary Navigator Search This Commentary Enter query in the box below Powered by Lightspeed Technology
In Sight A Piece of Paradise Photo: Nigel Wheatley. The birds of paradise are decorated with the most extravagant plumes and feathers of any group of animals on Earth. The Wilson’s bird of paradise (Cicinnurus respublica) is a beautiful example of this highly embellished family of birds with their striking hues of yellow, blue, scarlet and green. (p. 12)
Jump to: navigation, search File:Assorted bronze castings.JPG Assorted ancient Bronze castings found as part of a cache, probably intended for recycling. Bronze is any of a broad range of copper alloys, usually with tin as the main additive, but sometimes with other elements such as phosphorus, manganese, aluminium, or silicon. (See table below.) It was particularly significant in antiquity, giving its name to the Bronze Age. "Bronze," in turn, is perhaps ultimately taken from the Persian word "berenj," meaning "brass".[1] History of Bronze Bronze was significant to any culture that encountered it. It was one of the most innovative alloys of mankind. Tools, weapons, armor, and various building materials like decorative tiles made of bronze were harder and more durable than their stone and copper ("Chalcolithic") predecessors. In early use, the impurity arsenic sometimes created a superior alloy; this is termed arsenical bronze. The earliest tin-alloy bronzes date to the late 4th millennium BC in Susa (Iran) and some ancient sites in Luristan (Iran) and Mesopotamia (Iraq). The two ores are rarely found together (exceptions include one ancient site in Thailand and one in Iran), so serious bronze work has always involved trade. In Europe, the major source for tin was Great Britain's deposits of ore were found in Cornwall. Phoenician traders visited Great Britain to trade goods from the Mediterranean for tin.[citation needed] File:Early Ewer Iran.JPG Ewer from 7th century Iran. Cast, chased, and inlaid bronze. New York Metropolitan Museum of Art. Though bronze is stronger (harder) than wrought iron,[citation needed] the Bronze Age gave way to the Iron Age. Bronze was still used during the Iron Age, but for many purposes the weaker wrought iron was found to be sufficiently strong. Archaeologists suspect that a serious disruption of the tin trade precipitated the transition. The population migrations around 12001100 BC reduced the shipping of tin around the Mediterranean (and from Great Britain), limiting supplies and raising prices.[2] As ironworking improved, iron became cheaper, and people figured out how to make steel, which is stronger than bronze and holds a sharper edge longer.[3] With the exception of steel, bronze is superior to iron in nearly every application. It is considerably less brittle than iron. Bronze only oxidizes superficially; once the surface oxidizes, the thin oxide layer protects the underlying metal from further corrosion. Copper-based alloys have lower melting points than steel or iron, and are more readily produced from their constituent metals. They are generally about 10 percent heavier than steel, although alloys using aluminium or silicon may be slightly less dense. Bronzes are softer and weaker than steel, bronze springs are less stiff (and so store less energy) for the same bulk. It resists corrosion (especially seawater corrosion) and metal fatigue better than steel and also conducts heat and electricity better than most steels. The cost of copper-base alloys is generally higher than that of steels but lower than that of nickel-base alloys such as stainless steel. Copper and its alloys have a huge variety of uses that reflect their versatile physical, mechanical, and chemical properties. Some common examples are the high electrical conductivity of pure copper, the excellent deep-drawing qualities of cartridge case brass, the low-friction properties of bearing bronze, the resonant qualities of bell bronze, and the resistance to corrosion by sea water of several bronze alloys. In the twentieth century, silicon was introduced as the primary alloying element, creating an alloy with wide application in industry and the major form used in contemporary statuary. Aluminium is also used for the structural metal aluminium bronze. File:Norwid Relief.jpg Fragment of the grave of Cyprian Kamil Norwid in the Bards' crypt in Wawel Cathedral, Cracow, Poland by sculptor Czesław Dźwigaj Bronze is the most popular metal for top-quality bells and cymbals, and more recently, saxophones. It is also widely used for cast metal sculpture (see bronze sculpture). Common bronze alloys often have the unusual and very desirable property of expanding slightly just before they set, thus filling in the finest details of a mould. Bronze parts are tough and typically used for bearings, clips, electrical connectors and springs. Bronze also has very little metal-on-metal friction, which made it invaluable for the building of cannons where iron cannonballs would otherwise stick in the barrel.[citation needed] It is still widely used today for springs, bearings, bushings, automobile transmission pilot bearings, and similar fittings, and is particularly common in the bearings of small electric motors. Phosphor bronze is particularly suited to precision-grade bearings and springs. Commercial bronze (otherwise known as brass) is 90% copper and 10% zinc, and contains no tin. It is stronger than copper and it has equivalent ductility. It is used for screws and wires. Classification of copper and its alloys[5] Family Principal alloying element UNS numbers Copper alloys, brass Zinc (Zn) C1xxxx–C4xxxx,C66400–C69800 Phosphor bronzes Tin (Sn) C5xxxx Aluminium bronzes Aluminium (Al) C60600–C64200 Silicon bronzes Silicon (Si) C64700–C66100 Copper nickel, nickel silvers Nickel (Ni) C7xxxx See also Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article Bronze. 1. Online Etymological Dictionary 3. rvde002.tmp 4. Knapp, Brian. (1996) Copper, Silver and Gold. Reed Library, Australia 5. Machinery's Handbook, Industrial Press Inc, New York, ISBN 0-8311-2492-X, Edition 24, page 501 External links am:ናስ ar:برونز ast:Bronce bn:ব্রোঞ্জ zh-min-nan:Chheⁿ-tâng bs:Bronza bg:Бронз ca:Bronze cv:Бронза cs:Bronz da:Bronze de:Bronze et:Pronks el:Κρατέρωμα eo:Bronzo gd:Umha gl:Bronce ko:청동 hak:Thùng hy:Բրոնզ hi:कांसा hr:Bronca id:Perunggu is:Brons it:Bronzo he:ארד ka:ბრინჯაო (მეტალი) lv:Bronza lt:Bronza hu:Bronz ml:ഓട് ms:Gangsa nl:Brons no:Bronse nn:Bronse oc:Bronze qu:Champi simple:Bronze sk:Bronz sl:Bron sr:Бронза sh:Bronza fi:Pronssi sv:Brons ta:வெண்கலம் te:కంచు th:สำริด uk:Бронза yi:בראנזע
Saturday, March 9, 2013 Recipe - Xocolatl, the Original Hot Chocolate When chocolate was first created from cacao beans over two thousand years ago, it was in the form of a bitter beverage served hot or cold. The first form of solid chocolate wasn't created until the late 18th century. So for the majority of chocolate's existence in human culture, we've been drinking it. The word "chocolate", according to Wikipedia, comes from Nahuatl, the language of the Aztecs. The word they used was "xocolatl", made up of the words "xococ" meaning bitter and "atl" meaning water or drink. When I first began researching hot chocolate recipes, I came across some modern ones that attempted to recreate the flavor of those original hot chocolates created by the Aztecs and Mayans. As soon as I saw them, I knew I'd be making one! They sounded pretty bizarre for a hot chocolate. Let's get started making a modern version of the original hot chocolate! You're going to need: 2 3/4 cups water 1 green chile pepper, sliced 1/8 cup unsweetened cocoa powder 1 tsp vanilla extract Looking at that ingredient list, you can see we're working with the same basic stuff that would have been available two thousand years ago. Cocoa, vanilla, and pepper. Put 3/4 cup of water and the sliced green chile (including the seeds) in a pot and bring it to boiling. Let it boil for 5-10 mins, so the water really takes on the chile flavor. Strain it to remove the chile and the seeds, then put the water back in the pot. Add in the other 2 cups of water, put it on medium heat, and bring it to a boil again. As it's heating up, whisk in the vanilla extract. The vanilla mixed into the pepper water smells really good! I was surprised, I didn't think it would be very appetizing. Finally, once it's boiling, add in the cocoa powder and keep whisking for another 5 minutes or so. You'll notice the mixture froths easily, but it's not a very thick froth. This one is probably the healthiest hot chocolates you'll ever come across. No sugar at all, and the only thing even close to a sweetener is the vanilla. Unsweetened cocoa is actually very good for you. It has more antioxidants that green tea, blueberries, or wine, and can help lower cholesterol. However, this hot chocolate isn't what us modern folk would consider delicious. It's not as bad as I thought it would be, but it wasn't great, either. The chile adds an interesting flavor that works well with the cocoa, but this drink reminded me more of thin, bitter coffee than it did a thick, yummy hot chocolate. Hahahaha, in fact, after a few tastes, I didn't even want to drink all of it. I added in a few spoonfuls of sugar and it became much more enjoyable! If you want to sweeten it without ruining the healthier aspect of it, try blackstrap molasses or date sugar. Those are both amazingly healthy sweeteners! If you like this hot chocolate a lot, try it with the actual versions of the ingredients the Aztecs and Mayans would have used. Get some cocoa nibs and grind them up into cocoa liquor, and use a vanilla bean or two instead of the liquid vanilla extract. What a fun experiment! And now that we have an idea of where hot chocolate came from, we can really appreciate what the Europeans did for it by adding in sweeteners in the 17th century. And don't worry, the next recipe I post will be a sweet, delicious cup of creamy awesomeness! 1. No reason to talk it Down. It sound delicious and interesting. 1. Did you try it, Henrik? I'd love to hear what you think of it! I've been thinking of revisiting this one and trying to make it even more authentic now that I've read a lot of books on chocolate since I originally posted this. 2. How would you modify the recipe to make it more authentic/original? I have read that they uses ground pochota seeds and even in Mexico and Central America I have been unable to find those. 3. Hehe well, the reason why you didn't want to drink that much after is because your body was telling you you've taken enough iron and magnesium for the day, since cacao is the most iron-rich food :)
If knowledge is important then the head is the center; if childlike innocence is important then the heart is the center. The child lives in the heart; we live in the head. The child feels; we think. Even when we say that we feel, we think that we feel. Thinking becomes primary for us, feeling becomes secondary. Thinking is the tool for science, feeling is the tool for religion. Think about a flower, a rose flower. When you think, you are separate, there is a gap, a distance, a space. For thinking, space is needed; for thoughts to move, distance is needed. Feel the flower and the gap disappears, the distance drops. Because for feeling, distance is the barrier. The closer you come, the more you feel. A moment comes when even closeness appears to be a sort of distance – and then melting happens. Then you cannot feel the boundaries of where you are and where the flower is, of where you end and where the flower begins. Then boundaries melt into each other: the flower enters you in a way, you enter the flower in a way. Feeling is losing the boundaries; thinking is creating the boundaries. That is why thinking always insists on definitions, because without definitions you cannot create boundaries. Thinking says define first, and feeling says don’t define. If you define, feeling stops. Start feeling things. It will be a great experiment if you start feeling things. Whatsoever you do, give a certain amount of your time and energy to feeling. You are sitting here, you can listen to me – but that will be part of thinking. You can also feel me here but that will not be a part of thinking. If you can feel my presence, then definitions are lost. Then really, if you come to a moment of feeling, you don’t know who is speaking and who is listening. This can happen right this very moment. Then the speaker becomes the listener and the listener becomes the speaker. Then really they are not two, rather, they are two poles of one phenomenon: on one pole is the speaker, on another pole is the listener. But these are just poles, isolated. They are not real. The real thing is just in-between these two – the life, the flow. Whenever you feel, something other than your ego becomes important. Object and subject lose their definitions. A flow, a wave, exists – on one pole the speaker, on another pole the listener, but the life is the wave. Head gives you clarity, and because of this clarity much confusion has come into being because the head defines clearly, marks boundaries, makes maps. With reason, everything is clear-cut: no vagueness, no mystery is allowed. All that is vague is rejected, only the clear is real. Reason gives you a clarity, and because of clarity, a great misunderstanding arises. Clarity is not reality. Reality is always unclear, vague. Concepts are clear, reality is mysterious; concepts are rational, reality is irrational. Words are clear, logic is clear life is not clear. The heart gives you a melting vagueness. It reaches reality more intimately, but it is not clear. And because we have chosen clarity as the goal, we have been missing reality. You must have unclear eyes to enter reality again. You must be vague, you must be ready to enter into something which cannot be conceptualized, into something which is not logic, into something which is staggering and real, staggering and alive. Clarity is dead. It remains fixed. Life is a flux, nothing is fixed, nothing remains the same the next moment. How can you be clear about it? If you insist too much on clarity you will lose contact with it. That is what has happened. This sutra says that the basic thing is to come back to the heart center – but how to come to it? PUT MINDSTUFF IN SUCH INEXPRESSABLE FINENESS ABOVE, BELOW AND IN YOUR HEART. The word ‘mindstuff’ is not a good translation of the original Sanskrit word CHITT. But English has no other equivalent. So it is good in a way, it carries the meaning, not of ‘mind’ but of ‘mindstuff’. Mind means mentation, thinking, thought, and mindstuff means the background upon which these thoughts float – just as in the sky the clouds move. Clouds are the thoughts and the sky is the background upon which they move. That sky, consciousness, has been called mindstuff. Your mind can be without thoughts; then it is chitt, then it is pure mind. When it has thoughts it is impure mind. If your mind can be without thought, then it is very subtle, the subtlest thing possible in existence. You cannot conceive of a more subtle possibility. Consciousness is the most subtle thing. So when there are no thoughts in the mind, you have pure mind. The pure mind can move towards the heart, the impure mind cannot. By impurity I don’t mean any immoral thoughts in the mind, by impurity I mean all thoughts – thought as such is impure. Even if you are thinking of God it is an impurity, because the cloud is moving. The cloud is very white, but the cloud is there and the purity of the space is not there. A cloudless sky is not there. A cloud may be a black cloud, a sexual thought moving in the mind, or the cloud may be a white cloud, beautiful, a prayer moving in the mind, but in both cases the pure mind is not there. It is impure, clouded. And if the mind is clouded you cannot move in the heart. This has to be understood because with thoughts you cling to the head. Thoughts are the roots, and unless those roots are cut you cannot fall back to the heart. The world and God are not two things. They are the same phenomenon looked at from two centers of being. Thoughts can be expressed. There is not a single thought which is inexpressible, nor can there be. If it is inexpressible you cannot think it; if you can think it, it is expressible. Consciousness, pure consciousness, is inexpressible. That is why mystics go on saying that they cannot express what they know.Logicians always raise the question that if you know, then why can’t you say it? And their argument has meaning and significance. If you really say that you know then why can’t you express it? For a logician, knowledge must be expressible – that which can be known can be made known to others, there is no problem. If you have known it, then where is the problem? You can make it known to others. But the mystic’s knowledge is not of thoughts. He has not known it as a thought, he has known it as a feeling. So really, it is not good to say, ”I know God.” It is better to say, ”I feel.” It is not good to say, ”I have known God.” It is better to say, ”I have felt him.” That is a more accurate description of the phenomenon because the ‘knowledge’ is through the heart it is like feeling, it is not like knowledge PUT MINDSTUFF IN SUCH INEXPRESSIBLE FINENESS.... Mindstuff, consciousness, CHITT, is inexpressible. If a single thought is moving, it is expressible. So, to PUT MINDSTUFF IN SUCH INEXPRESSIBLE FINENESS means to come to a point where you are conscious, but not conscious of any thought; where you are alert, but there is no thought moving in the mind. This is a delicate point and very difficult – you can miss it easily. We know two states of mind. One is when thoughts are there. When thoughts are there, you cannot move to the heart. Then we know another state of mind – when thoughts are not there. When thoughts are not there, you fall asleep. Then too, you cannot move to the heart. Every night, for a few moments, for a few hours, you fall out of thinking. Thoughts cease, but you don’t reach to the heart because you are unconscious. So a very delicate balance is needed. Thoughts must cease as they cease in deep sleep, when there is no dream – and you must be as alert as you are while awake. These two points must meet. Mind must be as thoughtless as it is in deep sleep, but you must not be asleep, you must be perfectly alert, aware. When awareness and this thoughtlessness meet, it is meditation.That is why Patanjali says that samadhi is like SUSHUPTI. The highest ecstasy, samadhi, is like the deepest sleep, with only one difference: in it you are not asleep. But the quality is the same – thoughtless, dreamless, undisturbed, without a single ripple, totally calm and quiet, but alert.When you are aware and there is no thought, you will feel a sudden transformation in your consciousness. The center changes. You are thrown back. You are thrown to the heart. And from the heart, when you look at the world, there is no world, there is only God. From the head, when you look towards existence, there is no God, there is only material existence. Matter, material existence, the world, and God are not two things, two outlooks, two perspectives. They are the same phenomenon looked at from two centers of being. Put mindstuff above, below, and in your heart, and everything will become possible to you. All the doors of perception will be cleansed and all the doors of mysteries will be opened. Suddenly there will be no problem, and suddenly there will be no misery – it is as if the darkness has disappeared completely. Once you know this you can move back to the head but you will not be the same. Now you can use the head as an instrument. You can work with it, but now you are not identified with it, and even while working with it and looking at the world through it, you will know that whatsoever you are seeing is because of the intellect. Now you are acquainted with a higher standpoint, a deeper view – and any moment you want to you can drop back. Once you know the passage and how consciousness drops back; how your age, your past, your memory and your knowledge, disappear and you become a newborn child again – once you know this secret, this passage, you can travel to that point as many times as you like, and you can be refreshed again and again. If you have to move to the head, you can use it; you can move in the ordinary world, working but not getting involved in it, because deep down you know that that which is known by the intellect is partial. It is not the whole truth. And a partial truth is more dangerous than a lie, because it appears to be true and you can be deceived by it. The center of the heart is the very core of your existence. I can touch you with my hand. That touch will give me a certain knowledge about you, about your skin, whether it is smooth or not. The hand will give a certain knowledge to me, but that knowledge will be partial because the hand is not my wholeness. I can see you. My eyes will give a certain knowledge from a different standpoint but that will not be the whole. I can think about you – again the same thing. But I cannot feel you in part. If I feel you at all I feel you in your wholeness. That is why, unless you know through love, you never know the wholeness of any person. Only love can reveal the whole personality to you, the whole being, the essential, the total. Because love means knowing through the heart, feeling through the heart. So to me, feeling and knowing are not two fragments of your being. Feeling is your whole being and knowing is just a fragment of it. To religion love is the highest knowledge. That is why religion is expressed more in poetic terms than in scientific ones. Scientific terms cannot be used, they belong to the realm of knowing. Poetry can be used. And those who have come to know reality through love, whatsoever they say becomes poetry. The Upanishads, the Vedas, the sayings of Jesus or Buddha or Krishna, they are all poetic statements. It is not just a coincidence that all the old religious scriptures are written in poetry. It has a significance. It shows that there is some affinity between the world of a poet and the world of a mystic. The mystic is also using the language of the heart. The poet is only a mystic in certain moments of flight, just as when you jump you can go away from the gravitation of the earth, but you again come back to it. A poet means a person who has been for some seconds on a flight into the world of the mystics. He has had some glimpses. A mystic is one who has gone beyond gravitation completely, who lives in the world of love, who lives through the heart. This has become his very abode. For the poetic person it is just a glimpse: sometimes he falls down from the head to the heart. But this is just for the time being – again he goes back to the head. So if you see a beautiful poem, don’t try to see the poet who has written it because you will not meet the same person. You will be disappointed because you will meet a very ordinary man. He had a glimpse. For certain moments reality was revealed to him and he came down to the heart. But he doesn’t know the passage. He is not the master of it. It has been a happening and he cannot move to it by his own will. When Coleridge died he left about forty thousand incomplete poems. He really completed only seven poems in his whole life. He became a great poet, one of the greatest in the world, but he was asked many times, ”Why do you go on piling up incomplete poems, and when are you going to complete them?” He said, ”I cannot do anything. Sometimes a few lines come to me and then they stop. So how can I complete them? I will wait. I will have to wait. If it happens again and the glimpse comes to me, and I again have the world revealed to me, the reality, then I will complete it. But on my own I can do nothing.” He must have been a very sincere poet. To find such sincere poets is difficult, because the tendency of the mind is to supply. If three lines have come then you will supply the fourth, and the fourth will kill all the three because it will come from a very lower state of mind – when you are back on the earth. When you jumped, and you were freed for some moments from gravitation, you had a different dimension of being. A poet moves on the earth but sometimes he jumps. In those jumps he has glimpses. A mystic lives in the heart. He doesn’t move on the earth, the heart has become his abode. So he doesn’t really create poetry but whatsoever he does becomes poetic, whatsoever he says becomes poetry. Really, a mystic cannot use prose because his prose is also poetry – it is coming through the heart, it is coming through love. PUT MINDSTUFF IN SUCH INEXPRESSIBLE FINENESS, ABOVE, BELOW AND IN YOUR HEART. The heart is your total being, and when you are total you can know the total – remember this. Only the similar can know the similar. When you are fragmentary you cannot know the total. As within, so without. When you are total within, the total reality without is revealed to you; you have become capable of knowing it, you have earned the right to know it. When you are fragmented within, the reality is fragmented without. So whatsoever you are within will be the without for you. Deep in the heart the whole world is different, the gestalt is different. I am looking at you. If I am looking at you through the head, through intellect, through one of my parts of knowing, then a few friends are here, individuals, egos – separate. But if I am looking at you through the heart, then individuals are not here. Then just an oceanic consciousness is here and individuals are just waves. If I look at you through the heart, then you and your neighbor are not two, then the reality is between you and your neighbor. You are just two poles, and the real is just in-between. Then here there is an ocean of consciousness in which you exist as waves. But waves are not separate, they are linked together. And you are melting every moment into the other, whether you know it or not. The breath that was within you just a moment ago has left you – now it is moving into your neighbor. Just a moment before, it was your life and you would have died without it, and now it is moving into your neighbor. It is his life now. Your body is continuously radiating vibrations, you are a radiator, so your life energy is constantly moving into the neighbor and his life energy is moving into you. And not only just in this room, this whole universe is a constant flux of life energy. It goes on moving. There are no individual units, it is a cosmic whole. But through intellect the cosmic never appears, only fragments, atomic fragments, appear. And this is not a question which can be comprehended through intellect. If you try to comprehend through intellect it will be impossible to comprehend it. It is a totally different outlook, from a different point of existence. If you are total within, the totality without is revealed to you. Some have called that revelation Godrealization: some have called it moksha, liberation; some have called it nirvana, cessation. Different words, altogether different words, but they signify the same core, the same essence. One thing is basic to all these expressions – the individual disappears. You may call it Godrealization, then you are no longer an individual; you can call it liberation, then you are no longer a self; you can call it cessation – as Buddha has called it – then just as a lamp, a flame, ceases to be, disappears, disperses, you cannot find it anywhere again, you cannot locate it, it has gone into nonbeing, so the individual disappears. Just because of the head a false entity has come into being – the individual. If you come down to the heart, the false entity disappears. It was a creation of the head. From the heart the cosmic is, the individual is not; the whole is, the parts are not. And remember, when you are not, you cannot create a hell; when you are not, you cannot be in misery; when you are not, there can be no anxiety, no suffering. All anxiety, all suffering, exists because of you – the shadow of the shadow. The self is unreal, the ego is unreal, and because of that unreal self many unreal shadows are created. They follow you, you go on fighting with them, but you will never be victorious because the base goes on being hidden within you. Swami Ramteerth has said somewhere that he was staying in a house, in a poor villager’s house. The small child of the villager was playing just in front of the hut, and the sun was rising and the child saw his shadow. He tried to catch it, but the more he moved, the more the shadow would move ahead. The child started crying. He was a failure. He tried in every way to catch it, but it was impossible. To catch a shadow is impossible – not because a shadow is such a difficult thing to catch, it is impossible because the child was moving to catch it. When he was moving, the shadow moved ahead. You cannot catch a shadow because a shadow has no substance, and only a substance can be caught. Ramteerth was sitting there. He was laughing and the child was crying, and the mother was at a loss about what to do. How to console the child? So she said to Ramteerth, ”Swamiji, can you help me?” Ramteerth went to the child, caught the child’s hand and put it on his head – the shadow was caught. Now that the child had put his hand on his head, the shadow was caught. The child started laughing. Now he could see that his hand had caught the shadow. You cannot catch a shadow, but you can catch yourself. And the moment you catch yourself, the shadow is caught. Suffering is just a shadow of the ego. We are all like that child, fighting with suffering, anxiety, anguish, and trying to disperse them. We can never be victorious. It is not a question of strength– the whole effort is absurd, impossible. You must catch the self, the ego, and once you catch it, suffering suddenly disappears. It was just a shadow. There are persons who start fighting with the self. It has been taught, ”Disperse the self, be egoless, and you will be in bliss,” so they start fighting the self, the ego. But if you fight you are still believing that the self exists. Your fight will give food to it, it will become an energy-giving thing to it, you will be feeding it. This technique says don’t think of the ego, just move from the head to the heart and the ego will disappear. The ego is a projection of the head. Don’t fight with it. You can go on fighting for lives together, but if you remain in the head you cannot win. This technique is beautiful. It doesn’t say anything about your ego. It doesn’t say anything about it. It simply gives you a technique, and if you follow the technique, the ego will have disappeared. [Osho - 'Vigyan Bahairava Tantra']
thermal physics heat transfer absolute zero renewable energy ocean energy temperature scale commercial uses energy links The physics of thermal energy: To understand thermal physics we have to understand the nature of our universe in general and the terminology of physics that describes this universe. Energy: The capacity of a system to do work. Matter: Composed of atoms and molecules. Always has mass. Thermodynamic System: Term describing a defined quantity of matter and energy that is relative to another system. Utilizing thermodynamic systems is about practical applications. There is diminishing returns in applying thermodynamics to matter and energy at microscopic levels, although there is the study of quantum thermodynamics. Selected thermodynamic systems. computer desk • A: Air inside room • B: Human Being • C: Computer • D: Monitor • E: Desk Our selection of the systems is relative to the relationships we wish to analyze. Here we are analyzing a few thermodynamic systems inside a room. But if we wish we can zoom out. If we zoom out we can select a different set of systems for analysis. computer desk • A: Air outside. • B: House • C: Land • D: Lake • E: Trees/plants Our selection of systems has changed. Now all the systems in the room of Fig.1 become part of one system - the house. Thermodynamic System Relationships Now that we have described our thermodynamic systems, we can discuss the physics of thermal energy within these systems. Atoms and molecules Atoms and molecules make up systems. In Fig.1 the human being is (in a dry physical sense), just a jumble of molecules and atoms. All these molecules and atoms are in motion. This motion is the culmination of the constant little movements, wiggles, jiggles, and vibrations of those atoms and molecules that make up this human. In describing the capacity of all this atomic and molecular movement to do work, physicists refer to it as thermal energy. Remember, energy is defined as the capacity to do work. These constant wiggles, jiggles, and vibrations are called translational, rotational, and vibrational movements. If we move further down the scale, thermal energy is the culmination of the kinetic energy of the movement of the constituent parts of an atom (electrons,protons, and neutrons). Atoms and moleclues have movement because the constituent parts have movement. When this kinetic energy is transfered to another atom it's called the transfer of thermal energy. When the transfer happens in objects such as from a stove to a pan, it does so over the trillions upon trillions of atoms in those objects. Why do electrons, protons, and neutrons move? Well, now we are getting down closer to the mysteries of our universe. Except for the electron, which is a fundamental particle, the proton and neutron are made up of smaller particles called quarks. Quarks have electrical charges. Electrically charged particles produce an electromagnetic force and this force creates interaction with other electrically charged particles. These interactions, along with other fundamental particle movements such as "spin" combine to produce these movements, vibrations, and general active nature of atoms. For a discussion on how temperature affects atoms check out Absolute Zero Why do these all these particles have electrical charges anyway? That information is classified. Just kidding. It's just how things are, the way the universe came together after the big bang. Basically, within just a fraction of a second one force known as the "superforce" split into the four fundamental forces of our universe.: • Gravitational Force • Electromagnetic Force • Strong Force • Weak Force Why did the universe come together in this precise manner at the moment of the big bang?. Time to do some research on the big bang theory! It's very deep stuff and many people make a career out of trying to find the answer! If you have any more questions after that it's all just philosophy!
How to Improve your Leadership Skills Effective leadership for a teacher requires the ability to recognize different aspects of many situations. A teacher’s reaction, or lack of it, will determine the outcome of that situation. It could create a wildfire of either: positive or negative reactions and results. Here are 3 tips for teachers on how they can improve leadership skills: 1. Managing Class Mood 2. Focus on Positive Performance 3. Control the Crisis before it controls the class A teacher will value greatly by practicing these 3 tips on a daily basis and throughout their career and will enhance their ability to handle, control and guide a class in the right direction throughout the school year. 1. Managing Class mood What are some obvious ways a teacher can influence the mood of a student and those around them? The words we speak, the gestures we make, the nuances and innuendos of comments made are only a few, but they can impact a student or class mood. A teacher should be aware of their own words, reactions, both physical and indirect, like notes and comments on a quiz. Being consistent with how to start a class will set the mood for the day. If a teacher’s personal life gets in the way of saying “Good Morning” one day, this could make students uneasy. Consistency is key and taking a breath before class in order to start the day in a positive mood will more likely set the mood for the entire day! 2. Focus on Positive Performance How often do we point to what’s wrong more often than what’s right? Just look at a test score, 1 missed question is highlighted and although 99 others were correct, we are trying to minimize the incorrect till it reaches zero! How about taking a different approach and instead writing -1 in red at the top of a test or paper, a green +99 without the fraction should be written? A student may strive to make that number greater as it promotes the positive instead of the negative. Think about the different frame of thought if teachers highlight the “+” or positive, instead of focusing on the “-“ negative number at the top of a test! More often the student will proclaim, “I missed 3”, but by focusing on the positive they can proclaim, “I got “97”! Even if the student performs sub-par, give credit for their score and write a note: “Let’s work together to get a higher score” instead of “see me after class”. 3. Crisis Control Have you ever thought: “The situation will eventually be forgotten”. Well, if that’s how you think, then that’s the habit you will form, and it may not be altogether true. A crisis needs to be dealt with now, and not tomorrow. Of course, time must be taken to assess and approach the crisis in a smart way, but at least that time is spent dealing with it instead of ignoring it. Crisis situations usually do not solve themselves. They may disappear for a while, but that’s just denial of a situation instead of facing it head on. This could be: students in disagreement with each other, students spreading rumor about something, bullying, and/or consistent poor performance in school. A great leader will take control of a crisis, big or small, by managing it or directing the crisis into a better situation. The longer you wait to address a situation, that those around are waiting for you to address, the less effective your decision might be. These 3 tips for teachers will allow a teacher to manage and control situations immediately. Always remember: a leader will always influence mood, should always look for positives, and will control a situation before it becomes a crisis. Applying these tips along with other leadership skills will make a teacher an effective one, and a great one.
Does Being an Only Child Tend to Make a Child Spoiled? Only children are often viewed as spoiled, aggressive and selfish, but this is simply a stereotype with no basis in reality. Spoiled children are the product of parental attitudes, not family size. Although only children benefit from not having to share parental attention or resources, there is no scientific evidence supporting the claim that they are more spoiled than children with one or more siblings. Identifying the Spoiled Child If being "spoiled" is defined in terms of material possessions, then it would make sense that only children would be more spoiled than those with siblings. When a couple only has one child, they are better able to afford a roomful of toys, high-quality clothing or pricey extracurricular activities because there is no dilution of resources among multiple children. However, according to, child development experts generally define a spoiled child as one who is given everything without having to earn it 1. This child is overprotected and overindulged because his parents haven't learned how to say no. For example, regularly making special meals to accommodate a picky eater or allowing a child who is way past the toddler years to throw a temper tantrum could be considered signs of spoiling. These behaviors don't have a true financial cost and are just as likely to be found among parents of only children as they are among parents with two or more children. Are Only Children Aggressive and Selfish? Parents often equate being spoiled with being aggressive and selfish, since these behaviors seem to be more common in spoiled children. Susan Newman, author of "Parenting an Only Child" and a social psychologist at Rutgers University, says that there have been hundreds of research studies showing that only children are no different from their peers in terms of exhibiting aggressive or selfish behavior 2. On her website, she states that only children have less difficulty in a group setting because they aren't programmed to try to run the show. They've never had to compete for a parent's attention at home and thus don't feel compelled to dominate their peers in an attempt to make their voices heard. Looking at the Effects of China's One Child Policy One study of particular interest to parents of only children considers families in China, which is well-known for its one-child policy introduced in 1979. This study, led by Lisa Cameron, a professor of econometrics and business statistics at Monash University in Melbourne, Australia, looked at only children as young adults and found no signs of spoiled behavior or significant differences in their relationships with friends and peers. This study is thought to be especially meaningful because government regulations take away the effect of family background on the only child's development. This means researchers aren't comparing people who've deliberately chosen to have one child with those who have purposely chosen to have multiple children. How Are Only Children Different? Although studies have never proven that only children are more spoiled than their peers, several researchers have found that only children do score higher than children with siblings in terms of intelligence and general achievement. In a "Time" magazine story about only children, Toni Falbo, a professor of educational psychology and sociology at the University of Texas at Austin, says these findings occur even when factors such as race or social class are taken into consideration. Her research also found that only children tend to pursue advanced degrees at a higher rate than children with siblings.
Mindful Medicine – A humanistic approach to a person suffering from chronic Lyme disease © By Dietrich Klinghardt, MD, PhD, USA Who is the person? We are all defined by 4 relationships 1. Relationship to others: ancestors, parents, family, friends, acquaintances, colleagues, community, country, religious group. Relationships can be supportive and giving, or destructive and taking. Treatment: with friends and colleagues we have a choice: “work” on relationship or move away. Family: heal the bond (constellation work, systemic PK) 2. Relationship to oneself (relations between the sub-personalities). Dis-chord creates disfunction in all subsystems: chakras, meridians, nervous system, metabolism, hormonal and digestive system, etc. Treatment: psychotherapy, changing the inner dialogue. Changing bad habits to healthy ones 3. Relationship to nature and material world: money, things, house and home, the surrounding nature, nature at large. Treatment: careful look. Am I exploiting nature with my investments and my type of work or am I a good steward of the land. How do I use my money? 4. Relationship to the divine. What happens when we die? Where and how does the person live? Read the full article. Leave a Reply
Hezbullah impact of ideology on group structure strategy targets and tactics essay InOsama bin Laden founded Al Qaeda. Even after his death inAl Qaeda persists, and the more recently formed group ISIS has attempted to provoke an apocalyptic war with the United States and the West. Over many years, Al Qaeda committed terrorist acts killing many innocent men, women, and children. On August 7,Al Qaeda terrorists almost simultaneously set off bombs miles apart at U. Hezbullah impact of ideology on group structure strategy targets and tactics essay Pakistan came into being on 14th August Struggle for attainment of Pakistan started very after the war of independence The study revealed that effective… The differences in ideology between the West and USSR The differences between USSR and the West can be divided into two groups; one is from the political point of view, and the other can be the difference in economic system on both sides. The Syrian Conflict and its Impact on Hezbollah’s Authority \| Small Wars Journal Or does it represent a dangerous recipe for the suppression of individual human freedom? Summarize these historical roots and comment on their impact on contemporary criminal justice. If so, what is it and why do… The Principles of Cultural Capitalism and the End of Ideology Cultural Capitalism is capitalism that assesses the advancements not in the quantity of innovations, but in the socio-cultural benefits that the civil society acquires from it, it does not only promote the culture but it also builds on the old and new myths of culture. It plays a role in the coming of a new… Dominant Ideology in the United States Dominant ideology is the prevalent culture, values, traditions, beliefs, practices, and such in a particular group. The Top 10 Ideology Topics Within the structure of society, dominant ideology stands for what majority of the people who make up society uphold as their philosophies, values, beliefs, thoughts, principles, etc. Dominant Ideology Thesis, Dominant ideology represents what the people stand for…. It is a religious-political-paramilitary organization of several thousand Shiite Muslim militants that plays a significant role in the Lebanese politics. Hezbullah impact of ideology on group structure strategy targets and tactics essay One major change in China from the First World War to the present is its foreign relations with other countries due to factors such as communism and neocolonialism…. The end result of these instances was that many, if not….The Syrian Conflict and its Impact on Hezbollah’s Authority. Get Full Essay On the basis of this analysis, this essay argues that nongovernmental terrorism in Latin America has been more likely to occur in weakly institutionalized regimes, characterized by some measure of political and civil liberties but concomitantly by a deficient rule of law and widespread human rights violations. What does the crisis feel like on the ground and, from where you sit, what looks like the right way to defuse it? This probably won't have an immediate impact as Israel still has a mighty army, but in the long term it will be extremely detrimental. The professor's essay recycles the concept that there is a strong pro-Israel lobby that. Sep 11, · Structure, strategies, and goals of international terrorist groups. Philosophical concepts associated with the will to harm individuals in large numbers. International threats . This is the articles first publication. pat c The Class Nature of the Iranian Regime The current Iranian regime, in power in the so-called Islamic Republic of Iran since the revolution against the Shah, continues to confuse many observers as to its true nature. There has to be a space for tactics/strategy given what is very likely to. Anatomy of Terrorist Groups. History & Overview of Hezbollah STUDY. PLAY. Characteristics of Terrorism •'Extra-normal' violence •Terrorism is an outcome of the internal politics of the organization not only of strategic goals •Terrorism can become self sustaining regardless of attainment of goals •Group Structure Ideology Leadership-Central committee and 6. History & Overview of Hezbollah
Have A Stand Against Bullies Using A Square Pumpkin. Bullying in schools is actually a long time problem in every country. Bullying has become a problem in schools and has severely affected the lives of many children. Bullying in schools can cause a child to exist in fear. It's not surprising which child can be being bullied will lose the for you to go to university. School becomes a host to torture for the child because of the bullies. In schools it should be stopped therefore children can turn to school happily without the fear of bullies. Even if a school knows the suicide is an effect of bullying, instead of reacting to the individuals involved, they coddle everyone attempting prevent another suicide, having to figure the actual cause in the behavior conducive to this moment. A person they prevent bullying in earth. We taking ourselves in this particular world of stuff, in this world of just living in the minute. We have to be constantly entertained and constantly busy so that any of us never always be stop and listen coming from what our thoughts are trying to inform us. If baby is being bullied elsewhere, it will effect their activities household. Children may experience a prevent bullying in schools appetite, develop insomnia, or sleep nearly. Inform the school, riding on the bus driver and native authorities if need find yourself. Not only does the law address reporting and investigating prevent bullying essay complaints, it even offers - for perhaps before - the definition of the things bullying is: the repeated use by one greater students of written - either in writing or through social media and e-mail - words or actions that cause emotional or physical problems with another woman or man. The law also recognizes that while those incidents may manifest out in the school, can easily disrupt the learning process and make up a hostile environment within a college for the targeted student. Another misconception is that bullying most ordinarily occurs in high school rather compared to younger sons and daughters. Studies have shown that bullying occurs within ages however the most common ages tend to be in middle school, not college and fundamental. After all, whether it's on the school bus, globe hallway, the cafeteria together with playground, the actual Crane brothers know that bullying is very little laughing matter.
From Jatland Wiki Jump to navigation Jump to search Haihayas (हैहय) were an ancient confederacy of five ganas (clans), who claimed their common ancestry from Yadu. Divodasa as King of Kashi Anusasana Parva/Book XIII Chapter 31 mentions that Divodas defeated Vitahavya and ruled Kashi, Vitahavya acquired Brahmana status. .... While the high-souled Manu in days of yore was employed in righteously ruling his subjects, he obtained a son of righteous soul who became celebrated under the name of Saryati. In Saryati's, two kings took their birth, viz., Haihaya and Talajangha. Both of them were sons of Vatsa. Haihaya had ten wives. In Kashi there was a king who was the grandfather of Divodasa. The foremost of victorious men, he was known by the name of Haryashva. The sons of king Haihaya, O chief of men (who was otherwise known by the name of Vitahavya), invaded the kingdom of Kasi and advancing to the country that lies between the rivers Ganga and Yamuna, fought a battle with king Haryashva and also slew him in it. Having slain king Haryyaswa in this way, the sons of Haihaya, those great car-warriors, fearlessly went back to their own delightful city in the country of the Vatsas (Vatsapuri). Meanwhile Haryashva's son Sudeva was installed on the throne of Kashi as its ruler. After that Divodasa, the son of Sudeva, became installed on the throne of Kashi as its ruler. Realising the prowess of those high-souled princes, viz., the sons of Vitahavya, king Divodasa rebuilt and fortified the city of Baranasi at the command of Indra. The territories of Divodasa were full of Brahmanas and Kshatriyas, and abounded with Vaishyas and Sudras. And they teemed with articles and provisions of every kind, and were adorned with shops and marts swelling with prosperity. Those territories stretched northwards from the banks of Ganga to the southern banks of Gomati, and resembled a second Amravati (the city of Indra). The Haihayas once again attacked Kashi. The mighty king Divodasa endued with great splendour, issuing out of his capital, gave them battle. The engagement between the two parties proved so fierce as to resemble the encounter in days of old between the deities (Devas) and the Asuras. King Divodasa fought the enemy for a thousand days at the end of which, having lost a number of followers and animals, he became exceedingly distressed. King Divodasa having lost his army and seeing his treasury exhausted, left his capital and fled away. Repairing to the delightful retreat of Bhardwaja, joining his hands in reverence, sought the Rishi's protection. Beholding King Divodasa before him, the eldest son of Vrihaspati, viz., Bharadwaja, who was the monarch's priest, said unto him, What is the reason of thy coming here? Tell me everything, O king. I shall do that which is agreeable to thee, without any scruple.' "The king said, 'O holy one, the sons of Vitahavya have slain all the children and men of my house. I only have escaped with life, totally discomfited by the foe. I seek thy protection. It behoveth thee, O holy one, to protect me with such affection as thou hast for a disciple. Those princes of sinful deeds have slaughtered my whole race, leaving myself only alive.' Beholding the prince, the son of Sudeva, viz., king Divodasa, became filled with joy. Indeed, the old king thought the sons of his enemy Vitahavya as already slain. Divodasa then installed his son Pratarddana as Yuvaraja, and regarding himself crowned with success became exceedingly happy. After this, the old king commanded the prince Pratarddana to march against the sons of Vitahavya and slay them in battle. Endued with great powers. Pratarddana, that subjugator of hostile cities speedily crossed Ganga on his car and proceeded against the city of the Vitahavyas. Hearing the clatter produced by the wheels of his car, the sons of Vitahavya, riding on their own cars that looked like fortified citadels and that were capable of destroying hostile vehicles, issued out of their city. Issuing out of their capital, the sons of Vitahavya, who were all skilful warriors cased in mail, rushed with uplifted weapons towards Pratarddana, covering him with showers of arrows. Encompassing him with innumerable cars, the Vitahavyas poured upon Pratarddana showers of weapons of various kinds like clouds pouring torrents of rain on the breast of Himavat. Baffling their weapons with his own, prince Pratarddana endued with mighty energy slew them all with his shafts that resembled the lighting fire of Indra. Their heads struck off with hundreds and thousands of broad-headed arrows, the warriors of Vitahavya fell down with blood-dyed bodies like Kinsuka trees felled by woodmen with their axes on every side. After all his warriors and sons had fallen in battle, king Vitahavya fled away from his capital to the retreat of Bhrigu. Indeed, arrived there, the royal fugitive sought the protection of Bhrigu. The Rishi Bhrigu assured the defeated king of his protection. Pratarddana followed in the footsteps of Vitahavya. Arrived at the Rishi's retreat, the son of Divodasa said in a loud voice.--Ho, listen ye disciples of the high souled Bhrigu that may happen to be present, I wish to see the sage. Go and inform him of this. Recognising that it was Pratarddana who had come, the Rishi Bhrigu himself came out of his retreat and worshipped that best of kings according to due rites. Addressing him then, the Rishi said,--Tell me, O king, what is thy business. The king, at this, informed the Rishi of the reason of his presence.' "The king said, 'King Vitahavya has come here, O Brahmana. Do thou give him up. His sons, O Brahmana, had destroyed my race. They had laid waste the territories and the wealth of the kingdom of Kashi. Hundred sons, however, of this king proud of his might, have all been slain by me. By slaying that king himself I shall today pay off the debt I owe to my father. Unto him that foremost of righteous men, viz., the Rishi Bhrigu, penetrated with compassion, replied by saying,--There is no Kshatriya in this retreat. They that are here are all Brahmanas. Hearing these words of Bhrigu that must accord he thought with truth, Pratarddana touched the Rishi's feet slowly and, filled with delight, said,--By this, O holy one, I am without doubt, crowned with success, since this king becomes abandoned by the very order of his birth in consequence of my prowess. Give me thy permission, O Brahmana, to leave thee, and let me solicit thee to pray for my welfare. This king, O founder of the race that goes by the name, has been compelled to leave of the very community of his birth, in consequence of my might. Hahaj by Al Masudi Al Masudi[2] writes that .... The king of Kandahár, who is one of the kings of Sind and its mountains, is called Hahaj; this name is common to all sovereigns of that country. From his dominions comes the river Raíd, one of the five rivers which form the Mihrán of Sind. Kandahár is called the country of the Rahbút. Another river of the five is called Bahátil, it comes also from the mountains of Sind, and runs through [p.23]: the country of the Rahbút, which is the country of Kandahár: the fourth river comes from the country of Kábul, and its mountains on the frontier of Sind towards Bust, Ghaznin, Zara'ún, ar-Rukhaj, and the country of Dáwar, which is the frontier of Sijistán. The last of the five rivers comes from the country of Kashmir. The king of Kashmír has the name of Ráí, which is a general title for all the kings. Kashmír forms part of Sind. ठाकुर देशराज ठाकुर देशराज[3] ने लिखा है....वैसोरा - यह लोग 10 वीं सदी के अंतिम चरण में थानेश्वर में राज करते थे। राजा हर्ष इनमें से प्रसिद्ध बौद्ध नरेश हुआ है। अलमसऊदी नामक अरबी यात्री ने जो कि 953 ई. में भारत में आया था, इस वंश का जिक्र किया है। उसने राजा हर्ष कोरेश लिखा है। शायद कुरुक्षेत्र का अधिपति होने के कारण उसने ऐसा लिखा होगा। यह भी हो सकता है वैसोरा [पृ.125]: लोग कुरु लोगों की ही एक शाख हों। अलमसऊदी ने वैसोरा शब्द को बाऊरा लिखा है। श्री सीवी वैद्य ने अपनी अटकल से बावरा को परिहार लिखा है, जो बिल्कुल असंगत है। दिल्ली राजपूताने में हजारों की संख्या में वैसोरा जाट हैं। सीवी वैद्य को एक और भी भ्रम हुआ है। मसूदी ने कन्दहार में हाहज लोगों का राज बताया है, जिसको आप उपाधि मानते हैं। वास्तव में वे हैहय क्षत्रिय थे। Haihaya and Jats James Tod[4] writes that the tribes here alluded to are the Haihaya or Aswa, the Takshak, and the Jat or Getae; the similitude of whose theogony, names in their early genealogies, and many other points, with the Chinese, Tatar, Mogul, Hindu, and Scythic races, would appear to warrant the assertion of one common origin. Kalika Ranjan Qanungo[5] writes that if the phonetic difficulty alone stands in the way of recognising the Yadava origin of the Jats, there cannot be any objection in identifying the Jats with the Jatas or Sujatas, a branch of the great Haihaya Yadavas. Of the hundred sons of Kartavirya, the five principal were Sura, Surasena, Vrishana, Madhu and Jayadhwaja. From the last sprang up the five great divisions of the Haihaya tribe, the Talajanghas, Vitihotras, Avantyas, Tundikeras, and Jatas also called Sujatas from the prolific number (Wilson's Vishnu Puran pp. 417-418). Wilson seems to entertain a doubt whether the Haihayas are not the Huna and Saka tribes engrafted upon the great genealogical tree of the Aryans by the clever Puranic ethnologists. The Jats were known by the name of Sus, Abars, and many other names, as Beames says. They have originated from ancestral person in line of Yayati. Jat Gotras Jat Gotras originated from Haihayas are: • Hinia - They are descendants of people of Haihaya (हैहय) country. [6] In epics According to the Harivamsha Purana (34.1898) Haihaya was the great grandson of Yadu and grandson of Sahasrajit.[7] In the Vishnu Purana (IV.11), all the five Haihaya clans are mentioned together as the Talajanghas.[8] The five Haihaya clans were Vitihotra, Sharyata (mentioned elsewhere in the Puranas as the descendants of Sharyati, a son of Vaivasvata Manu), Bhoja, Avanti and Tundikera.[9] The Haihayas migrated from the west to the present-day Malwa region of Western Madhya Pradesh). The Puranas style the Haihayas as the first ruling dynasty of Avanti.[10] Foundation of Mahishmati In the Harivamsha (33.1847), the honour of founding their future capital city of Mahishmati (present-day Maheshwar) was attributed to the Haihaya king Mahishmant, son of Sahanja. But according to the Padma Purana (VI.115), the city was actually founded by a certain Mahisha.[11] Arjuna Kartavirya and his successors According to the Mahabharata and the Puranas, the most celebrated Haihaya king was Arjuna Kartavirya.[12] His epithet was Sahasrabahu. He was called a Samrat and Chakravartin. His name is found in the Rig Veda (VIII.45.26).[13] He ultimately conquered Mahishmati city from Karkotaka Naga, a Naga chief and made it his fortress-capital.[14] According to the Vayu Purana, he invaded Lanka and took Ravana prisoner.[15] Arjuna propitiated Dattatreya and was fovoured by him.[16] Arjuna's sons killed sage Jamadagni. Jamadagni's son Parashurama in revenge killed Arjuna. Arjuna had a number of sons. His son Jayadhvaja succeeded him to the throne. Jayadhvaja was succeeded by his son Talajangha.[17] The Vitihotras Later, the Haihayas were mostly known by the name of the dominant clan amongst them - the Vitihotras (or Vitahotras or Vitahvyas). According to the Puranas, Vitihotra was the great-grandson of Arjuna Kartavirya and the eldest son of Talajangha. The Puranas also mention the names of two Vitihotra rulers: Ananta, son of Vitihotra and Durjaya Amitrakarshana, son of Ananta[18] The northward expansion of the Haihaya territory to the mid-Ganges valley by the Vitihotra rulers was stopped by the Ikshvaku king Sagara.[19] The Mahagovindasuttanta of the Dighanikaya mentions about an Avanti king Vessabhu (Vishvabhu) and his capital Mahissati (Mahishmati). Probably he was a Vitihotra ruler.[20] Probably, during the rule of the later Vitihotras, the whole Avanti region developed into two realms, divided by the Vindhyas, having principal cities at Mahishmati and Ujjayini (present day Ujjain). According to the Matsya Purana (5.37), Pulika, one of the ministers of Ripunjaya, the last Vitihotra king of Ujjayini killed his master and made his son Pradyota new king.[21] Chaura Inscription at Mandava Mahal of Ramachandra of Phani or Nagavansha (In situ) Genealogical table of Kawardha Nagavanshi rulers Chaura is a village about 11 miles from Kawardha. In a temple known as Mandava Mahal (मंडवा महल) there is a long inscription on a slab containing 37 lines, which records the construction of a Siva temple by king Ramachandra, born of the Phani or Nagavansha, and married to Ambikadevi of the Haihaya lineage. It gives the legend of the origin of the Nagavansha, somewhat resembling that of the Haihaya-vansha, who claim a serpent and a mare to be their original ancestors. Our record relates that a serpent got enamoured of Mithila, the beautiful daughter of the sage Jatukarna (जाटुकर्ण). He therefore assumed human form and had intercourse with her. Their issue was Ahiraja, who, having conquered the neighbouring chiefs, set himself up as a king. The kings who followed him are shown in the genealogical table in the picture. Family tree is as under: 1. Ahiraja → 2. Rajalla → 3. Dharnidhara → 4. Mahimadeva → 5. Sarvavandana (Saktichandra ?) → 6. Gopaladeva → 7. Naladeva → 8. Bhuvanapala → 9. Kirtipala 10. Jayatrapala → 11. Mahipala → 12. Vishamapala → 13. Ja(nhu) → 14. Janapala or Vijanapala (or Juvapala ?) → 15. Yasoraja → 16. Kanhadadeva ? (Vallabhadeva ?) → 17. (La)kshmavarma → 18. Khadgadeva → 19. Bhuvanaikamalla → 20. Arjuna → 21. -Bhima → 22. Bhoja 17. (La)kshmavarma → Chandana → Vijjana → Malugideva → 23 Lakshrtiana → 24. Ramachandra → (Arjuna + Haripala) 1. Anusasana Parva/Book XIII Chapter 31 2. The History of India, as Told by Its Own Historians/III. Al Mas'údí ,p.22-23 3. Thakur Deshraj: Jat Itihas (Utpatti Aur Gaurav Khand)/Shashtham Parichhed, p.124-125 4. Annals and Antiquities of Rajasthan, Volume I,, James Todd Annals/Chapter 6 Genealogical history of the Rajput tribes subsequent to Vikramaditya,p. 68 5. History of the Jats:Dr Kanungo/Origin and Early History,p.11 6. Mahendra Singh Arya et al: Adhunik Jat Itihas, p. 286 7. Pargiter, F.E. (1972) [1922]. Ancient Indian Historical Tradition, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, p.87. 10. Raychaudhuri, H.C. (1972) Political History of Ancient India, Calcutta: University of Calcutta, pp.130-1. 11. Pargiter, F.E. (1972) [1922]. Ancient Indian Historical Tradition, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, pp.263,263fn3. 12. Pargiter, F.E. (1972) [1922]. Ancient Indian Historical Tradition, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, p.265-7 13. Misra, V.S. (2007). Ancient Indian Dynasties, Mumbai: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, ISBN 81-7276-413-8, pp.157-8 15. Dowson, John (1984). A Classical Dictionary of Hindu Mythology, and Religion, Geography, History. Calcutta: Rupa & Co. p. 152. 16. Pargiter, F.E. (1972) [1922]. Ancient Indian Historical Tradition, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, p.229. 18. Pargiter, F.E. (1972) [1922]. Ancient Indian Historical Tradition, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, p.102. 19. Thapar, Romila (1996). Ancient Indian Social History Some Interpretations, New Delhi: Orient Longman, ISBN 81-250-0808-X, p.299 20. Bhattacharyya, P. K. (1977). Historical Geography of Madhya Pradesh from Early Records. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 118–9. ISBN 978-81-208-3394-4. ISBN 0-8426-909-1 21. Raizada, Ajit (1992). Ujjayini (in Hindi), Bhopal: Directorate of Archaeology & Museums, Government of Madhya Pradesh, p.21 Back to The Ancient Jats
Long-Term Memory: Definition, Types & Examples An error occurred trying to load this video. Try refreshing the page, or contact customer support. Coming up next: Cognitive Thinking: Creativity, Brainstorming and Convergent & Divergent Thinking You're on a roll. Keep up the good work! Take Quiz Watch Next Lesson Your next lesson will play in 10 seconds • 0:01 What Is Long-Term Memory? • 1:07 Declarative Memory • 2:53 Procedural Memory • 4:05 Lesson Summary Save Save Save Want to watch this again later? Log in or Sign up Speed Speed Recommended Lessons and Courses for You Lesson Transcript Instructor: Yolanda Williams Long-term memory consists of the memories that happened more than a few minutes ago. Learn more about long-term memory from real-life examples, and test your knowledge with a quiz. What Is Long-Term Memory? Try to recall the previous three minutes of your life. You can probably speak about it in great detail - where you were, what happened, what you felt. Now try to recall what happened to you last week. You might be able to remember certain things, such as waking up or going to work, but you are likely not able to recall everything that went on during the previous week. Those things that you were able to remember about last week are stored in long-term memory. Long-term memory is where we store memories for long periods of time. No matter if it is a memory from 30 seconds ago or from last week, a memory has to be stored once it has been created. Anything that you remember that took place more than a couple of minutes ago is stored in long-term memory. Once a memory is stored in long-term memory, it can last anywhere from a few minutes to the rest of your life. The amount of information that we can hold in long-term memory is thought to be infinite. This is in contrast to short-term memory, which can only hold between 5 and 9 items for 20 to 30 seconds. So, what are the different types of long-term memory? Declarative Memory Your ability to understand the concept of math, remember what you ate yesterday for breakfast, and recall the events surrounding Hurricane Katrina are examples of declarative memory. Declarative memory is the memory of factual information, general knowledge, data, and events. We are consciously aware of our declarative memories, and we can verbally 'declare' them. That is, we can communicate our memories to ourselves and others by speaking. For example, we can tell our friends that Hurricane Katrina displaced more than 400,000 residents. For this reason, declarative memory is also called explicit memory. Semantic memory and episodic memory are the two subtypes of declarative memories. Semantic memory contains general factual information and knowledge related to your world. It includes: • The meaning of the word 'memory' • The concept of a book • Understanding of multiplication • Your knowledge of the Civil War Episodic memory consists of our memories of personal experiences and specific events that have happened in the past. This includes: • Memories of your first kiss • Remembering what happened at the last basketball game you attended • Remembering the last meal you ate • Remembering the first time you met your husband When we recall specific events or experiences that we have had in our lives, we are using episodic memory. Episodic memory consists of personal facts and experience, while semantic memory consists of general facts and knowledge. For example, knowing that football is a sport is an example of semantic memory. Recalling what happened during the last football game that you attended is an episodic memory. To unlock this lesson you must be a Member. Create your account Register to view this lesson Are you a student or a teacher? Unlock Your Education See for yourself why 30 million people use Become a member and start learning now. Become a Member Back What teachers are saying about Try it risk-free for 30 days Earning College Credit To learn more, visit our Earning Credit Page Transferring credit to the school of your choice Create an account to start this course today Try it risk-free for 30 days! Create an account
Fixed, lateral movements made with a camera. In cinematography and photography panning means swivelling a still or video camera horizontally from a fixed position. This motion is similar to the motion of a person when they turn their head on their neck from left to right. In the resulting image, the view seems to "pass by" the spectator as new material appears on one side of the screen and exits from the other, although perspective lines reveal that the entire image is seen from a fixed point of view. The term panning is derived from panorama, suggesting an expansive view that exceeds the gaze, forcing the viewer to turn their head in order to take everything in. Panning, in other words, is a device for gradually revealing and incorporating off-screen space into the image. Panning should never be confused with tracking or "travelling," in which the camera is not just swivelled but is physically displaced left or right, generally by being rolled parallel to its subject. In video technology, panning refers to the horizontal scrolling of an image wider than the display. For 3D modeling in computer graphics, panning means moving parallel to the current view plane. In other words, the camera moves perpendicular to the direction it is pointed. The technique also has limited applications in still photography. In other disciplines, this motion is called yaw. Key Terms fixed position photography panning resulting image Additional Resources No ressources found. (none found) (none found) No comment found. Sources & Credits Last modified on May 31 2019 Content adapted from Wikipedia Malcare WordPress Security
Gandhi and the Ecological Sensibility (Second of a long series that will continue through the year on the occasion of the 150th birth anniversary of Mohandas Gandhi.) The word ‘ecology’ appears nowhere in Gandhi’s writings and similarly he never spoke on environmental protection as such. Yet, as the Chipko Movement and the Narmada Bachao Andolan, or, in a very different context, the manifesto of the German Greens and the action against the Mardola dam in Norway have clearly shown, the impress of Gandhi’s thinking on ecological movements has been felt widely. The Norwegian philosopher Arne Naess, who traveled through India in 1969 with Johan Galtung and Sigmund Kvaloy, and with whose name “deep ecology” is associated, confessed that it is from Gandhi that he came to the realization of “the essential oneness of all life.” Gandhi was a practitioner of recycling decades before the idea caught on in the West and he initiated perhaps the most far-reaching critiques of the ideas of consumption and that fetish of the economist called “growth” that we have ever seen. Thus, in myriad ways, we can begin to entertain the idea that he was a thinker with a profoundly ecological sensibility. In one of several books that he wrote on India, the late V. S. Naipaul skewered Gandhi for his narcissism. Adverting to the three years that Gandhi spent in London as a law student, Naipaul points out that his autobiography is stunningly silent about the landscape, trees, vegetation, or the much vaunted English notion of ‘nature’. It is certainly the case that Gandhi was sparse in his discussion of the relationship of humans to their external environment. Similarly, though Gandhi was a great admirer of Thoreau, and had read, besides his famous essay on the duty of civil disobedience, Walden and the essay on ‘Walking’, I wonder what he made of Thoreau’s enterprise of retreating into the woods for a two-year stay. Gandhi was no naturalist. When the English historian Edward Thompson once expressed his concern to him about the rapid disappearance of wildlife in India, Gandhi reportedly replied, “wildlife is decreasing in the jungles, but it is increasing in the towns.” The ecological dimensions of Gandhi’s thinking cannot be comprehended unless one is prepared to accept that ecology, ethics, and politics were deeply enmeshed into the very fabric of his being. Take, for example, his practice of observing twenty-four hours of silence on a regular basis. The maun vrat has a honorable place in Hindu religiosity and one might be tempted into thinking that Gandhi was only following Hindu tradition, and, to take the argument further, it was his way of entering into an introspective state and making himself receptive to the still voice within. A more political reading might suggest that it was also his way of bending the English to communicate on his terms. But it was also an ecological gesture, a mode of conserving energy and a devastating indictment of the modern industrial culture of noise and consumption. We talk too much, eat too much, and consume too much. The phrase “noise pollution”, and India is the most egregious example of it in the world, is nowhere in Gandhi but he tacitly had a full-fledged critique of it. There are other respects, and I shall take up only three, in which the ecological vision of Gandhi’s life opens itself up to us. First, he was of the considered opinion that nature should be allowed to take its course. The environmental crises and “extreme weather events” that are upon us have been precipitated by the gross and appalling instrumentalization of nature. The earth is not merely there to be mined, logged, farmed, domesticated, and hollowed out. However, we have to first preserve the ecological equanimity of the body. Nature’s creatures mind their own business: if humans were to do the same, we would not be required to legislate the health of all species. Thus Gandhi did not, for instance, prevent others from killing snakes but a cobra entering his room was left alone. “I do not want to live”, he said, “at the cost of the life even of a snake.” Secondly, Gandhi mounted a rigorous critique of the “waste” that is behind modern industrial civilization in more ways than we imagine. European colonization the world over was justified with the claim that natives and indigenous people “wasted” their land and did not render it sufficiently productive. But Gandhi also held to the view that humans are prone to transform whatever they touch into waste. His close disciple and associate, Kaka Kalelkar, narrates that he was in the habit of breaking off an entire twig merely for four or five neem leaves he needed to rub on the fibers of the carding-bow to make its strings pliant and supple. When Gandhi saw that, he remarked: “This is violence. We should pluck the required number of leaves after offering an apology to the tree for doing so. But you broke off the whole twig, which is wasteful and wrong.” Thirdly, as is well known, Gandhi was a staunch vegetarian, and he would have been pleased with a great deal of modern research which has established that the extreme pressures upon the soil and water resources have also been induced by the meat industry and the massive increase in levels of meat consumption when people start entering into the middle class in countries such as India. But to be ‘ecological’ in sensibility also means harboring a notion of largesse towards others; it is a way of being in the world. European visitors to his ashram, where only vegetarian meals were prepared, had meat served to them if they desired. To inflict a new diet upon someone who was habituated to meat at every meal was, in Gandhi’s thinking, a form of violence. As he once told Mirabehn, “People whose custom it is to eat meat should not stop doing so simply because I am present.” Gandhi strikes a remarkable chord with all those who have cherished the principles of non-injury, cared for the environment, practiced vegetarianism, worked energetically to conserve our air, soil, and water, resisted the depredations of developers, recycled paper, or accorded animals the dignity of humans. In contemplating his life, his anticipation of the Anthropocene is striking. “God forbid that India”, Gandhi told an interlocutor in 1928, “should ever take to industrialism after the manner of the West. The economic imperialism of a single tiny island kingdom (England) is today keeping the world in chains. If an entire nation of 300 millions took to similar economic exploitation, it would strip the world bare like locusts.” What if, Gandhi is also asking, nature was the bearer of rights? What would nature have to say on this subject? Not less remarkably, though Gandhi wrote no ecological treatise, he made one of his life. This is one life in which every minute act, emotion, or thought was not without its place: the brevity of Gandhi’s enormous writings, his small meals of nuts and fruits, his morning ablutions and everyday bodily practices, his periodic observances of silence, his morning walks, his cultivation of the small as much as of the big, his abhorrence of waste, his resort to fasting—all these point to the manner in which he orchestrated the symphony of life. No philosopher of ecology could have done as much. (First published in a slightly different form as “An Environmentalist by Nature”, The Hindu (2 October 2019), special supplement, Gandhi@150, 18-19.) This article is also available in a French translation by Mathilde Guibert here:
Select Page Sever’s Disease : Heel pain in Children Sever’s Disease: Brisbane Solutions for your Child ‘s Foot Pain and Heel Pain. Everything you need to know about Sever’s disease and heel pain in children is here. Read on to learn who get it, why it happens and how to treat it. If you need help to get your child back to full fitness, please use this link to take you to our contacts and fees page, or use the online booking portal to make an appointment 24/7. If the pain is occurring in an adult, see our Plantar Fasciitis section. What is Sever’s Disease? severs disease Sever’s Disease is most common in soccer and football. Sever’s Disease is a painful condition that affects the heel bone of children during adolescence. It is most common between the ages of 10 to 14 years. It is more common in boys than girls and is most common in active kids. The cause of Sever’s Disease is a mechanical problem discussed below. Typically, the child will limp while playing sport. The pain often is present the next morning when getting out of bed. While any weight bearing activity can bring on Sever’s Disease, soccer and football seem to be most common. Fortunately, the majority of sufferers respond very well to treatment. Most kids can return to sport a couple of weeks after receiving proper treatment. If your child is troubled by heel pain, allow us to help you with prompt, proven treatment. Why does Sever’s disease occur ? Children’s bones have a cartilage disc called a growth plate. This sits in one or both ends of a bone, but not inside a joint. These areas fuse or turn into bone in the feet at about 16 years of age. In a perfectly functioning foot the heel strikes the ground in a particular way. The cartilage that is sandwiched between two ends of the heel bone is compressed evenly across the whole surface. Sever’s Disease is most commonly found in kids where the foot rolls in excessively or pronates. The bone is then compressed on an angle that causes a shearing stress on the cartilage plate. Sever's Disease This shearing force causes the growth plate to become inflamed, painful and to swell within its very tight space. This swelling can create a serious problem. The end piece of bone is supplied with blood vessels from the main body of the bone and these pass through the cartilage plate. If the cartilage swells too much, it can close off these vessels and result in avascular necrosis. This is a Latin term meaning tissue death from lack of blood supply. As this is a growing child, the bone will repair without too much long term effect. However, it will be painful for an extended period usually about two years. Obviously, this is to be avoided as no active child wants to suffer pain nor be forced to sit out of sport for years. Fortunately, avascular necrosis will almost always have a long lead up time. It is very unlikely that bone will die without several months of increasing pain giving warning of what is to come. How do you treat Sever’s Disease ? Treatment often involves using orthotic devices and avoiding specific types of shoes. It is also very important to assess the length of the calf muscles. Short calf muscles are a big contributor to Sever’s Disease and go hand in hand with pronated feet. Incorrect or excessive stretching can make the problem worse, so we will show you how to effectively stretch during our assessment. We may also use a heel lift to help until the stretching program has an effect. Happily, treatment with the podiatrist is very likely to resolve the problem very quickly. Should I get an X-ray for Sever’s disease? Sever's Disease A heel bone showing signs of advanced Sever’s disease Generally, the answer is no. A diagnosis of Sever’s Disease is usually strongly based on the history of the problem and some simple tests we will perform when we assess your child. Added to this, the early signs of Sever’s Disease are not visible on X Ray. The changes that can be seen later occur with actual bone tissue death. We are always aiming to begin treatment well before there is permanent tissue damage and therefore, always hope to resolve this problem before an X-ray would be useful. Also, in general, like any health professional, we will only take an x-ray if the findings are likely to affect the treatment plan. If we are confident that your child has Sever’s disease, we will lay out a treatment plan to address it. Taking an x-ray is unlikely to confirm the diagnosis and is much more likely to be inconclusive. This step can be unnecessarily confusing for parents as it seems to ‘rule out’ what we think is the problem. It also can be a waste of time where treatment could be commenced and the condition resolved. Added to this is the general rule that we will avoid exposing a child (or indeed an adult) to ionising radiation, even if it is a very small dose, without a potential benefit. This X Ray shows the diseased cap of bone to the lower right of the picture. The growth plate is the dark strip between the two white parts of bone. Is Sever’s Disease the right diagnosis? The answer is a little complicated. Podiatrists generally use this term to describe this condition, pretty much from the first appearance of the pain. True Sever’s Disease though, does involve changes to the bone appreciable on X Ray. It would be more correct to term the early condition Calcaneal Apophysitis, Calcaneal Epiphysitis or Calcaneal Osteochondrosis. We think that putting these under the umbrella of Sever’s Disease is a reasonable thing to do. The term is simpler and more easily remembered by kids and parents. Sever’s Disease: Heel Pain in Children This post has been written to answer questions about Sever’s disease treatment and the treatment of severs disease. It pertains to heel pain in children and especially foot pain after sport occurring in kids. This condition may also be known as Calcaneal Epiphysitis, Calcaneal Avascular Necrosis and Osteochondrosis. Privacy Policy Terms and ConditionsDisclaimer Phone now :: Popular Searches
VOA Special English - Electric, Electrical, or Electronic? Electric, Electrical, or Electronic? 20 March 2020 This week we answer a question from Angus in China. "I'm Angus, a big fan of VOA English from China. Could you please tell me the difference among electric, electrical and electronic?" – Angus, China Dear Angus, Thanks for writing to us. These days, many people are using electronic ways to communicate with others, so this is a good question. Let us start with the word "electric," which comes from the noun electricity. "Electric" is an adjective; that is, a word used to describe a noun. Its simple meaning is "operated by electricity." Here are two examples. There is an electric fence around the cows in that field. Electric lights allow us to read at night. You can also use "electric" to describe something exciting or full of energy, like a feeling or a performance. The dancers gave an electric performance. Now, let's turn to the word "electrical." "Electrical" is also an adjective, but we mostly use it to mean "related to electricity." For example, you might say: She studies electrical engineering. Here, there is no electricity powering the noun "engineering," but "electrical engineering" is a field related to electricity. The word "electrical" also can be used in a general sense: His kitchen is full of electrical appliances. However, you cannot use the word "electrical" to describe a specific noun, like a car: That is a new Tesla electrical electric car. Finally, compare what we have just described to the word, "electronic." "Electronic" is an adjective. It describes something that operates through the use of many small electrical parts, such as microchips. In "electrical" devices, there is movement of a current, while "electronic" devices involve the movement of subatomic particles called electrons. Here is how one might use the word in a sentence: In China, almost everyone makes electronic payments when they go shopping. You may have an electric toothbrush now, but when you get an electronic toothbrush, it might tell you exactly when to stop using it. And that's Ask a Teacher! I'm Jill Robbins. Jill Robbins wrote this story for Learning English. George Grow was the editor. Words in This Story allow – v. to let or permit kitchen n. a room in a home or building where food is prepared appliance n. a piece of equipment designed to perform a job or operation; machine microchip – n. a group of tiny electronic circuits that work together on a very small piece of hard material (such as silicon) shopping n. the action of purchasing goods from stores
Last edited 10 Mar 2020 Mains (electricity, water and gas) [edit] Introduction The term ‘mains’ is frequently used in the UK to refer to a main utility supply pipe that is part of one of the following distribution systems: NB: Although the term ‘main sewer’ is frequently used, a sewer is not generally implied when the term ‘mains’ is used unless it is referred to as a ‘main sewer’. [edit] Mains electricity This is the AC electrical power supply that is delivered to homes and businesses and which powers electrical equipment. In the UK, this is nominally 230V at a frequency of 50Hz (typically 120V and 60Hz in the US). Typical uses for mains electricity include: For more information see: Electrical supply [edit] Mains water Water main’ is used in the UK to refer to a main water pipe that is part of the public water supply system; it may run beneath roads, fields and other land to supply households, businesses and light industry. The water in or from a water main is frequently referred to as ‘mains water’. In residential applications, a sink, bath or shower may be supplied directly by mains water or indirectly via a cold-water tank and hot-water cylinder. However, regulations dictate that a kitchen sink must always be connected to the water main to allow access to clean drinking water. For more information see: Mains water. [edit] Mains gas Mains gas is the natural gas that is distributed to buildings through a pipeline infrastructure. In the UK, mains gas is supplied to more than 21 million homes and is the most popular fuel for heating and cooking. While the gas itself is owned by individual gas suppliers, all gas passes through the National Grid’s transmission system on its route to end users. As the owner and operator of the UK’s gas transmission infrastructure, the National Grid works with gas suppliers to ensure delivery. For more information see: Mains gas. [edit] Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki Designing Buildings Anywhere Find out more Accept cookies and don't show me this again
Definition of outsourcing by simple analogy Definition of outsourcing Outsourcing is hiring a third-party company to delegate repetitive and more complex tasks. Its concept can be applied to a day-to-day routine of hiring a home service to do tasks for you when you don’t have time to do it. It can also be simplified depending on the context you will use. One of the reasons many businesses are still fond of outsourcing is because they do not understand it fully. Some think of it as too complex. However, the truth is understanding outsourcing can be easy if you remove all the distracting detail. Defining outsourcing with different contextual analogies Outsourcing can be viewed in different contexts and ideologies you can think of. There are a few different perspectives on outsourcing, depending on what framework you’re working from. Employment context An outsourced person is functionally the same as an in-house person (i.e. they are effectively recruited, trained and managed the same), except that they will be legally employed by the outsourcing supplier, and not direct. Geographical context An outsourced person is functionally the same as your own employee, except that they are sitting in a different location. They may be in different countries such as remote employees or in a controlled office such as a BPO company. Comparison context Companies have been outsourcing certain tasks for centuries – such as accounting, marketing or legal. Companies outsource this because they don’t have enough work requirements or sufficient skill sets to do it in-house. Offshore outsourcing is really no different, it just allows different companies with different advantages to help you get to your goal more efficiently. Efficiency context Warren Buffet says that business is obligated to find the most efficient means of production. Outsourcing and offshoring are about finding a workforce that can produce the same output, for less cost (mainly due to the lower wages and cheaper cost of living in those countries). Put simply: getting the same job done for less. Capitalist context All businesses rely on people (human capital) to generate output. There is no business without people. So to some extent, the functions of a company are ‘outsourced’ to the individually specialized roles/people that ‘get the job done’. Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) Outsourcing applied to daily routines Outsourcing, when applied to daily routines, can be an easy concept to grasp. Food delivery Outsourcing can be like modern food delivery services. When you don’t have time to go out and buy lunch due to your workload, services like DoorDash, UberEats, and Postmates take care of it for you. With a single app, they can buy your lunch at your preferred restaurant and have it delivered to your doorstep. These services don’t just benefit individuals. They also benefit businesses because they don’t need to hire delivery staff directly. Its flexibility also enables them to service other branches and restaurants when others aren’t available. Home service Modern home services also adapt to this innovation. Handy, an all-around home service provider, even partners with major department stores for customer recommendations. Some sites such as Thumbtack even provides home modelling and maintenance services anywhere within the United States. Dog walking and pet sitting Lastly, when you don’t have available persons to walk your dog or take care of them while you’re at work, there are pet sitting services that can do that. Services like Wag! and Rover provide 24/7 on-demand services for pet sitting and dog walking to keep your pets happy. This is a win-win for both service providers and customers with its flexibility, quality, and convenience. Outsourcing in 2020 Outsourcing is an easy but tricky solution for your business Outsourcing can be seen anywhere on a daily basis. With this, its model should be familiar to businesses. However, though it can be easily defined, this can also be a tricky solution. For one, just because a service provider gives a cheap price for their services doesn’t mean it provides the quality you deserve. Some companies might do, but they will charge excessive fees that were not included or not explained in your service agreement. Another, when you hire an outsourcing supplier, it includes the payment for employees and equipment they will use, so expect to shell out a huge amount as well. This should not be a hindrance in outsourcing your services. Because in the long run, this can benefit your service greatly. Related outsourcing resources Exploring outsourcing? See how we can help you Transform your business
Jump to ContentJump to Main Navigation A Revolution in Favor of GovernmentOrigins of the U.S. Constitution and the Making of the American State$ Max. M Edling Print publication date: 2003 Print ISBN-13: 9780195148701 Published to Oxford Scholarship Online: January 2005 DOI: 10.1093/0195148703.001.0001 Show Summary Details Page of Unlimited Taxation, Public Credit, and the Strength of Government Unlimited Taxation, Public Credit, and the Strength of Government (p.163) 11 Unlimited Taxation, Public Credit, and the Strength of Government A Revolution in Favor of Government Max. M Edling Oxford University Press Provides the layout of the Federalist argument that Congress had to possess an unlimited power to raise men and money from American society without any intervention from the states. While the following chapter looks in greater depth at Antifederalist objections to the federal fiscal powers of the US Constitution, here the concern is solely with the restrictions to this power that they suggested in the form of amendments. The reasons are discussed as to why the Federalists refused to accept these Antifederalist amendments (and indeed any restrictions on the fiscal power of Congress other than those already written into the Constitution), repeatedly and forcefully making it clear why it was crucial that no restrictions be placed on the right of Congress to extract money from society by means of taxation. The different sections of the chapter argue that the need for an unbridled federal right to raise tax revenue arose from the conviction that Congress had to have full command over all the resources of the nation in times of crisis. Primarily, this was needed so that the government could borrow money abroad and at home, which suggests that the Federalists designed the Constitution as much for future challenges as for present problems, and that for this reason, they refused to let the powers of the national government be defined by the demands on the union existing in the late 1780s, but instead strove to create a government with powers sufficiently extensive to safeguard the union's future existence, in peace as well as in war. Keywords: Antifederalism, Federalism, fiscal powers, national government, public credit, taxation, US Congress, US Constitution, USA, unlimited taxation Please, subscribe or login to access full text content.
Treason in America: Disloyalty Versus Dissent product image Treason can be defined as "the breach of the allegiance which a person owes to the state under whose protection he lives." But what exactly does it mean to be guilty of a "breach of the allegiance" owed to your country? In a country that guarantees freedom of speech and dissent tp all citizens, the extent to which dissent becomes unlawful may not always be clear. Treason is punishable by the death penalty, underscoring the importance of the question: How do we go about proving that someone is indeed an enemy of his country--a traitor? In this book, renowned historian Jules Archer explores different cases of treason throughout our history, while encouraging young readers to really question the definition of treason and how it should be treated. He asks readers to consider the similarities between disloyalty and dissent and ultimately urges this generation to take it into their own hands to redefine American duties and liberties for our time. Publication Date: June 14, 2016
Definition of E-commerce Security and its Important Aspects. E-commerce security is an important managerial and technical issue. E-commerce security is concerned with unauthorized access to important data resources. Some e-commerce threats are controllable, some are partially controllable and some are completely uncontrollable. Some are intentional, while others are made unintentionally. E-commerce Security A comprehensive e-commerce security system protects hardware, software, procedures, customers, personnel and e-commerce resources to keep intruders and hackers at bay. Moreover, an e-commerce security plan protects data resources, the second most important resource in an organization. The data resources can be an e-mail message, an invoice transferred using electronic data interchange (EDI), the blueprint for a new product design, the outline of new product design, the outline of a new advertising strategy, or financial statements. Thus, e-commerce security is the protection of e-commerce assets from unauthorized access, use, alteration. Important Aspects of e-commerce security:- E-commerce security is broken into three important aspects. These are: 1. Secrecy 2. Accuracy 3. Availability A secret system must not allow information to be disclosed to anyone who is not authorized to access it. In highly secure government agencies (the Department of Defense, Central Intelligence Agency etc.), security ensures that only authorized users are granted access. In business organizations, confidentiality ensures the protection of private information (payroll, personnel, and corporate data). In the e-commerce world, confidentiality ensures that customers’ data are protected and will be used only for the intended purpose. Accuracy ensures the integrity of data resources within the organization. This means the security must not allow the data to be corrupted or allow any unauthorized changes to the corporate database. Database administrators and webmasters must establish comprehensive security systems for corporate databases. Authorized users must be identified and they must be given proper access privileges. In e-commerce transactions, accuracy is probably the most important aspect of a security system. Availability ensures the efficient and effective operation of an e-commerce site and a computer system. In the e-commerce environment, availability ensures that the virtual storefront is always accessible to authorized users. It should also ensure quick recovery of the system to its normal operation after a disaster. In many cases, availability is the baseline security need for all authorized users; otherwise, the secrecy and accuracy objectives of the system cannot be properly assessed. Also Read:- What do you mean by e-commerce? Why is e-commerce important? What are the functions of e-commerce? Advantages and Disadvantages of E-commerce Leave a comment
A real fortress is located in the heart of Kyiv Do you know that there is a real fortress in the heart of Kyiv? And it’s really true. The Oblique Caponier (Kosy Kaponir) is a part of the architectural complex “Kyiv Fortress”, which is the largest in Europe and second largest in the world earthen fortress. It is located in the very center of Ukraine’s capital and hidden behind the residential buildings. Only few people in the capital know about this construction. Oblique Caponier in Kyiv This important unit of the Kyiv-Pechersk fortress was built in 1844. In general, there were three fortresses on the territory of the modern center of Kyiv, including Old Kyiv, Podil and Kyiv-Pechersk areas, and which turned the whole city into a well-fortified fortress. The Oblique Caponier is a semi-underground structure with thick walls made of brick and stone. The name "Kosy” (“Oblique") arose from the fact that the Caponier was built to conduct flanking fire at an angle to the earthen rampart of the fortress. The Oblique Caponier was originally used to store weapons and artillery supplies. However, in the middle of 19th century, it was turned into a political prison. For its cruelty, the Oblique Caponier was called "Kyiv Shlisselburg." Among the first victims of the Caponier, there were the participants of the Polish insurrection of 1863. In Soviet times, the Kyiv garrison guardhouse was located on its territory. Kyiv Fortress Today, the Oblique Caponier invites you to visit its museums, which presents data and stories about famous prisoners, describes the living conditions of the prisoners, including the death carriage, in which they were sent to be executed. Besides, on the territory of the fortress you can see real moats and mounds of earth, which served as defense ramparts, wooden fences made of sharp stakes, cannons, bridges and arches, thick brick walls, loopholes, entrances to underground galleries. You can come here with your family and friends, have a stroll and admire a beautiful view of the city’s center and the NSC Olimpiyskiy. Address: Hospitalna str., 24a, Kyiv.
Reclaiming a Lost Piece of Israeli History: Dr. Israel Jacob Kligler and the Eradication of Malaria in British Mandate Palestine Rabbi Jonathan Kligler, Yom Ha’atzmaut – Israeli Independence Day 5780/2020 On this, the 72nd anniversary of Israel’s declaration of independence, I would like to share with you a mostly forgotten yet critical story about the eradication of malaria in the decades leading up to the founding of the state. I share it with a very personal motive, for this is the story about the work of my grandfather, Dr. Israel Jacob Kligler z”l. But I also share this story now during the COVID-19 epidemic because of the crucial lessons my grandfather’s accomplishments can remind us of during our own moment of epidemic disease. Until recently I only knew the vague outlines of my grandfather’s career, and in fact his work and contributions had been mostly forgotten. But thanks to the determined efforts of retired Israeli scientist Zalman Greenberg, former director of the Health Ministry’s Public Health Laboratory in Jerusalem, and the retired London lawyer Anton Alexander, Israel Jacob Kligler’s life and work have been restored to public view. I and my family are deeply indebted to both of them. Here my account of this fascinating piece of Zionist history will necessarily be very condensed, but if you want to learn more I encourage you to study Greenberg and Alexander’s excellent and comprehensive reports: and Many of us grew up on the stories and heroic images of the early Zionist pioneers draining the swamps of the land of Israel in order to reclaim fertile farmland. Indeed, this was heroic work, for malaria was so epidemic in Ottoman and then British Palestine that a vast percentage of the population either died from malarial infection or was chronically debilitated. For example, between 1882-1914 approximately 75,000 idealistic young Eastern European Jews moved to Palestine. By 1914 half of them had died or returned to Europe, unable to cope with the severe pestilential conditions. In fact, large portions of Palestine were barely habitable. The region had been mired in neglect and poverty for centuries. Fields that had been well drained and irrigated in Roman and Byzantine times had long ago fallen into neglect, causing the creation of large swamplands in formerly fertile valleys. Those swamps provided ideal breeding conditions for a particular breed of mosquito that, when it bites and draws blood from a person, transmits the parasite that causes malaria. By the late 19th century the local populations in these swampy areas and their surroundings had been so decimated that large areas of the land had become depopulated. When Mark Twain traveled to the Holy land in 1867, he remarked: “A desolation is here that not even imagination can grace with the pomp of life and action. We never saw a human being on the whole route.” Other European travelers during the ensuing decades made similar observations. An early Zionist slogan was “A land with no people for a people with no land.” On the one hand, it is clear that this statement was obviously untrue. Furthermore, it resonated with a Eurocentric and colonialist disdain. It is a simple fact that many Arab people – Muslim, Christian, and others - lived in the region and rightly considered Palestine to be their home. However, it is also true that the vast majority of the land that the Zionist movement was able to purchase was nearly uninhabited because it was nearly uninhabitable. And unless malaria could be brought under control in these areas that were available to the Jews, the Zionist experiment would probably fail. This is where my grandfather’s work enters the picture. Israel Jacob Kligler was born in 1888 in a small town in Galicia, which would now be located in western Ukraine. He emigrated to New York with his family in 1901. A brilliant student, he earned his Bachelor of Science from City College in 1911, and in 1915 earned his doctorate from Columbia University in Bacteriology, Pathology and Biochemistry. He immediately embarked on a career of studying and controlling infectious diseases. Kligler was a firm believer that the purpose of scientific research was to improve the human condition. Working for the Rockefeller Institute, he traveled to Mexico and Peru, and to West Africa as well, researching ways to control yellow fever. A passionate Zionist, Kligler made Aliyah in early 1921, and immediately became a leader in the effort to eradicate malaria. It was already known that mosquitos bred in swamps, and therefore swamps needed to be drained. But Kligler brought a profound commitment to scientific observation and study to the subject, and developed a comprehensive approach to malaria control that had never before been attempted. Kligler understood that in order to establish malaria-free zones, all water sources, not only swampland, would have to be regularly maintained. This included any standing water, for the mosquitos could breed anywhere where stagnant water collected. The only way to accomplish this goal would be through a massive public health education campaign, so as to persuade the entire population that it was in their interest to continually maintain all of their water sources so that the mosquitos would be unable to breed. But who was the “public” in British Mandate Palestine? It was a fairly random collection of villages and small towns and cities populated by Muslims, Bedouins, Christians, Druze, Circassians, Jews and other ethnic and religious groups. There was no sense of a common society or shared civic purpose, there was no powerful central government, and tensions and violence between the Arab and Jewish population were already growing. Certainly Kligler could persuade the Jewish settlers on the necessity of this public health initiative, but the plan would fail unless he could persuade the entire population to cooperate. A daunting task, to say the very least. As the head of the Malaria Research Unit established by the Joint Distribution Committee, Kligler settled in Haifa and embarked on his task. He had pamphlets published in all of the local languages, and created a team who fanned out to every village to teach them how to eliminate mosquito breeding grounds. Given the almost complete lack of centralized resources available, every village would have to be responsible for its own ongoing maintenance, with their own shovels and labor. I try to imagine the vision and determination that was called for in order to connect with all of these different populations. These efforts proved successful, and malaria began to be brought under control. Draining marshlands and swamps became the top priority of the Jewish pioneers, but was also adopted by the other ethnic groups living in malarial regions. Word of this success traveled, as malaria was a deadly epidemic around the world (and still is today in many regions.) In 1925 the Malaria Commission of the League of Nations sent a delegation to Palestine to study the results of Kligler’s work. In their report, they commented that the work and methods seen by them “destroyed pessimism [and] raised hopes” and that the people involved were “benefactors not only to the Palestinian population but to the world as a whole.” Until this time malaria was considered to be an inevitable disease in certain climate regions of the world. Kligler was able to make it understood that malaria was in fact preventable. In 1926 Kligler was one of five founding faculty members of the Hebrew University. He and his wife, my grandmother Helen, a Hadassah public health nurse who shared her husband’s commitment to Zionism and to public health, moved to Jerusalem, where my father David, their only child, was born that year. Kligler founded the Department of Bacteriology and Hygiene (which would today be called Infectious Diseases) and headed the department until his untimely death in 1944. From Jerusalem he tirelessly continued leading the effort to eradicate malaria. In 1941 the Department of Health of the British Mandate Government published “A Review of the Control of Malaria in Palestine, 1918-1941,” and it bears quoting at length: “As the general scheme has gradually advanced in scope, so the community self-help which has been stressed already as a particular feature of the antimalarial scheme here has come more and more to the fore… In rural areas, all headmen and villagers and settlers, must cooperate in the cleaning and channeling of the more important streams and other water holding places adjacent to their dwellings, under skilled government supervision. This is now a seasonal procedure after the April rains…such co-operation was willingly, and even enthusiastically, given. For as the health of villagers and settlers improved from year to year, as dunnum after dunnum of waste land was gradually added to the use of farmers and shepherds, so did this co-operation steadily increase in volume and energy… “That very large areas of what is recognized by all as some of the most fertile land in the country have been reclaimed, after centuries of waste, by the antimalaria measures taken, is now obvious…Many large tracts which until recently meant nothing but death to those venturing into them, have now been reduced into rich and fertile land free from all danger to health.” I am truly amazed that my grandfather was able to accomplish these extraordinary goals during decades when he had to navigate not only intergroup tensions and growing mistrust but even active periods of civil war. It is a testament to the possibilities of cooperation when competing factions can be persuaded that it is in their self-interest to join in a common effort. This lesson should not be lost on the United States of America as we now confront a deadly pandemic that requires our own commitment to science, public health, and shared effort. Israel Jacob Kligler died before he was able to see his dream of a Jewish nation realized. But the efforts that he initiated and led continued after his passing; in 1967 Israel was determined to be free from malaria, (the only nation in the Middle East to accomplish this,) and monitoring and vigilance continue to the present day. I think it might be fair to say that without my grandfather’s vision and unique contributions, the Zionist experiment might not have come to fruition, and we would not be celebrating today the anniversary of Israel’s birth. I am awed by this personal legacy, and it only deepens my commitment to and love for Eretz Yisrael. I am a map lover, and I want to leave you with some stunning visual evidence that Zalman Greenberg and Anton Alexander have presented that testifies to the intersection of malaria control and the birth of Israel. The map below on the left was created by the British Mandate showing the severity of Malaria in Palestine in 1920, the year before my grandfather arrived. The shaded areas – such as the coastal plain, the Jezreel and Jordan valleys, and the Sea of Galilee and the Hula valley in far north – indicate where incidence of malaria was most severe. The map in the center shows where Jewish settlement took place up to 1947. As you can see, the vast majority of Jewish settlements were established in these malarial zones. It should come as no surprise then that the map on the right, the United Nations Partition Plan of 1947, closely followed the contours of these malarial areas, forsaken lands that were reclaimed as habitable and rich human habitat through the sacrifice and dedication of Zionist pioneers. Click to Enlarge Click to Enlarge
Lingustics essay Summoners are expected to talk like this as part of the pact ritual, despite only one spirit doing so. In a giant RPG universe, all characters speak more or less normal English or an otherwise localised languagewith the exception of a single one, who delivers all his sentences with an Extreme Overdose of mock-Middle English complete with a parody accent. But the phonetic simplification of the language means that most symbols cannot be used alone in speech, because too many syllables sound alike -- they are homophones. Examines the concept of linguistic structure as it has been applied to the English language, tracing its development from the earliest forms of prescriptive grammar to the most recent forms of structural linguistics. But delyuer vs from euyll. No one else talks this way. What is the difference between diachronic linguistics and synchronic linguistics? The title character of Eragon reads the following inscription in a cathedral: In other words, reality is relative to language. Innocent Sinthe part-time clerk at Peace Burger talks like this in the English translation, despite being a modern Japanese girl. Ye Olde Butcherede Englishe Nile spam the "-eth" ending without regard for person and number. Now with his love, now in his colde grave, Allone, withouten any compaignye. At that point different things can happen. Well, better that than thisssss way. Linguistic Essays (Examples) Language shapes habitual thought, which impacts the way cultures perceive and communicate their realities. In order to find out how to write literature essay — view our Literature essay section. A telecast of The Price Is Right had a bonus game for the winner of a prize. Communication has played a vital role in the survival and development of human beings. This paper provides a descriptive survey overview of class as indicated by socioeconomic indicators such as income, occupational category, and education level differences in Arabic. It was very quickly dropped. By the next episode this was conspicuously absent; it's likely the dubbers realized quickly it was either too much work, test audiences responded negatively, or the silliness of the second episode made it unneeded. The Acquisition of Language. On the other hand this is played straight with Evil Ryu. One phrase that encapsulates this tendency in the Inheritance Cycle is "you and thine dragon". Alas, it falls flat already in the title. Natives of The Secret Country use a tolerable form of this, including "likes" for "pleases", "a" for "he or she" and "an" for "if". Austin of the University of Oxfordwould strongly influence Chomsky. Also, linguists are interested in the way languages change over time, the way our brain processes words, and how children enter the language environment. That aspect tends to be about as accurate as you'd expect. It is a process of exchanging information with or without words; and just like any other processes, it is dynamic. Linguistic Essays (Examples) L. Austin, Mikhail Bakunin, Alex Carey, C. West Churchman, William Chomsky, René Descartes, John Dewey, Nelson Goodman, Morris Halle, Zellig Harris, Hebrew. Intonation Patterns in the English Spoken by English Mentors - The scope of the study The Informants have been selected from APIIITs. Free Marathi Books, Marathi PDF books collection online for download This study has been restricted to the analysis of 30 informants, out of which 19 are male and 11 are female. A linguistics essay structure is hence essay, but needs to be strictly adhered to. When called upon to write an essay, it is always advisable to begin with a draft before developing the. SECTION I Milton Friedman, the great economist and winner of the Nobel Prize for economics () wrote “Inflation is always and everywhere a monetary p. Free Marathi books online for download. Large collection of popular Marathi PDF eBooks. Topics include Marathi stories, Ayurveda and health. Are you looking for a useful guide on how to write a good essay in linguistics? We have prepared some tips for you right here! Read and improve your skills. Lingustics essay Rated 3/5 based on 88 review What is the difference between diachronic linguistics and synchronic linguistics? \| eNotes
Rice – a Low or High Glycemic Food? Rice – a Low or High Glycemic Food? Glycemic Index is a measure of how quickly one’s blood sugar rises after eating a particular type of food. Many people on specific diets or individuals with diabetes need to pay attention to the glycemic index of foods in order that they keep their blood sugar levels under control. Rice is typically considered a high-glycemic food, but studies have actually shown that whether it is high or low glycemic entirely depends on the type of rice. Rice Gives a Wide Range of Results in Glycemic Index According to the study, “rice has given a wide range of results in glycemic index (GI) studies around the world. The GI of white rice has ranged from as low as 54 to as high as 121 when bread (GI = 100) is used as the reference food (1-3). This makes it difficult to classify rice as a high- or low-GI food. Advice to individuals with diabetes may be incorrect if the product has not been specifically tested first.” Amylose Content Plays Part in Glycemic Index of Rice The different types of rice used in one studied were both brown and white rice varieties of three commercial types. Two of them had a normal amylose content (20%) and the other had a higher amylose content of 28%. There was also a waxy rice with 0-2% amylose content, a converted rice, a quick-cooking brown rice, puffed rice cakes, rice pasta, and rice bran. The studies found that the rice that had a higher percentage of amylose had a lower glycemic index, and the relationship between these two are believed to possibly be exponential rather than linear. Most other rice products tested gave a high glycemic index. As also stated in the study, “most rices contain 20% amylose but varieties that contain a higher proportion of amylose (eg, 28%) have been shown to have a slower rate of digestion and produce lower glycemic and insulin responses.” Pelde Variety Rice Has Lower Glycemic Index The GIs of the varieties brown rices that were tested were actually similar to their white counterparts except for the Pelde variety. Pelde brown rice gave a significantly lower glycemic index than did the Pelde white rice. Brown rice pasta and rice cakes gave a high glycemic index, while the rice bran gave an extremely low glycemic index. Oddly enough, the study also found that “the relationship between GI and the Insulin Index (II): the II was usually lower on the relative scale than was the GI of the foods. For example, the GI of Calrose brown rice is 83 but its II was only 5 1. We have no explanation for this result unless bread, the reference food, is unique in its capacity to stimulate insulin.” High Glycemic Response Does Not Mean High Insulin Response The bottom line for this is that one can’t assume that a food with a high glycemic response will have a high insulin response. It is possible “that many rice varieties, despite having a high GI, can be included in diets that improve carbohydrate and insulin metabolism in individuals.” In the words of the article, “these results emphasize the need for individual countries to carry out their own GI testing, particularly of raw agricultural products, which are more likely to vary from one geographical location to another than do processed products, such as breakfast cereals. The findings also raise questions about the value of the GI alone without knowledge ofthe insulin response. In Australia, long-term studies are needed of the clinical utility of low-GI diets that specifically incorporate rice.” Rice: a high or low glycemic index food? by Janette Brand Miller, Edna Pang, and Lindsay Branall Downloaded from http://ajcn.nutrition.org, The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition Skip to content Conformance status
Children with depressed parents have structural differences in the brains The largest brain imaging study of children ever conducted in the United States has revealed structural differences in the brains of those whose parents have depression. Depression is a common and debilitating mental health condition that typically arises during adolescence. While the causes of depression are complex, having a parent with depression is one of the biggest known risk factors. Studies have consistently shown that adolescent children of parents with depression are two to three times more likely to develop depression than those with no parental history of depression. However, the brain mechanisms that underlie this familial risk are unclear. A new study, led by David Pagliaccio, PhD, assistant professor of clinical neurobiology in the Department of Psychiatry at Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, found structural differences in the brains of children at high risk for depression due to parental depressive history. The study was published in the Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. What the Study Found The researchers analyzed brain images from over 7,000 children participating in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive development (ABCD) study, led by the NIH. About one-third of the children were in the high-risk group because they had a parent with depression. In the high-risk children, the right putamen–a brain structure linked to reward, motivation, and the experience of pleasure–was smaller than in children with no parental history of depression. What the Study Means Randy P. Auerbach, PhD, associate professor of medical psychology at Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons and senior author of the study, notes, “These findings highlight a potential risk factor that may lead to the development of depressive disorders during a peak period of onset. However, in our prior research, smaller putamen volumes also has been linked to anhedonia–a reduced ability to experience pleasure–which is implicated in depression, substance use, psychosis, and suicidal behaviors. Thus, it may be that smaller putamen volume is a transdiagnostic risk factor that may confer vulnerability to broad-based mental disorders.” Dr. Pagliaccio adds that “Understanding differences in the brains of children with familial risk factors for depression may help to improve early identification of those at greatest risk for developing depression themselves and lead to improved diagnosis and treatment. As children will be followed for a 10-year period during one of the greatest periods of risk, we have a unique opportunity to determine whether reduced putamen volumes are associated with depression specifically or mental disorders more generally.” Additional authors are Kira L. Alqueza, BA, Rachel Marsh, PhD. Funding: The ABCD Study is supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and additional federal partners under award numbers U01DA041022, U01DA041028, U01DA041048, U01DA041089, U01DA041106, U01DA041117, U01DA041120, U01DA041134, U01DA041148, U01DA041156, U01DA041174, U24DA041123, and U24DA041147. Depressive disorders in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM–5) include diagnoses of different disorders, for example, major depressive disorder (MDD), disruptive mood dysregulation, persistent depressive disorder, and depression not otherwise specified. This article reviews major depressive disorder (MDD). MDD is the first cause of disability among adolescents aged 10 to 19 years (WHO 2014). Suicide is the third cause of death in this age group, and adolescent depression is a major risk factor for suicide. Depressed adolescents experienced significantly more stressors during the year before onset when compared with a comparable 12-month period in normal controls. The etiology of depression is multifactorial and complex resulting from interactions between biological vulnerabilities and environmental factors. Genes and Heritability A meta-analysis found that heritability is a main risk factor for mental health concerns, including depression, between ages 13 and 35.[1] In twin studies, heritability was found to be around 60% to 70%. Offspring of depressed parents have an increased risk of 2 to 4 times compared with offspring of healthy parents. Genes-environmental interaction contributes to this risk, specifically by increasing by increasing susceptibility to environmental stress.[2] Also, different studies reported that the serotonin transporter gene variant (5-HTTLPR) might increase the risk of depression in the presence of adverse life events or early maltreatment.[3] Puberty and Brain Development Psychosocial Risk Factors Stressful life events often precede the onset and recurrence of depressive symptoms and episodes in adolescents, especially with girls.[4] However, most children and adolescents who experience such events do not develop depression. Examples of life stressors include events involving loss, maltreatment, romantic break-up, being bullied by peers, and parent-child conflicts. Cognitive Risk Factors Depressed adolescents have an attentional bias and a memory bias. They recall more negative and fewer positive words than a non-depressed adolescent.[5] There is a bidirectional relationship between children’s low perceived competence and depression. Children’s underestimation of their competence predicts depressive symptoms and vice versa. Previous depression also predicts underestimation of competence.[6][7] Rumination, dwelling excessively, does also predict the onset and continuation of depression.[8] Other Factors • Sleep problems such as shorter rapid eye movement (REM) latency, higher REM density, decreased sleep efficiency and higher frontal slow-wave activity were associated with the development of depression[9][10] • Co-morbid medical illness: Epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, diabetes, and others • Other mental illness: Anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) • Medications: Corticosteroids, interferons, mefloquine, progestin-releasing implanted contraceptives, and propranolol • Substance use: Alcohol The pediatric depression annual incidence rate is 1% to 2% at age 13 and from 3% to 7% at age 15.[11] The ratio is equal between male and female during childhood (1:1) and 1:2 during adolescence. After puberty, the risk of depression increases by a factor of 2 to 4, particularly in females.[12] Different studies reported that lower or middle-income countries have higher rates of depression in adolescents compared to higher income countries (10% to 13% in boys and 12% to 18% for girls).[13][14] History and Physical DSM–5 criteria for diagnosing depression in the pediatric population: • The presence of at least 5 of the following items in the same 2-week period with having a change in the level of function. At least 1 of the items is either depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure. It is important to note that other medical conditions can not explain symptoms. • Depressed or irritable mood most of the day, almost every day, as demonstrated by either subjective report, for example, the patient feels sad, empty, or hopeless, or observation made by others, for example, the patient appears sad. • A significant decrease in interest or pleasure in activities most of the day, nearly every day as indicated by self-reporting or observation • Failure to make expected weight gain or remarkable weight loss when not dieting or a remarkable weight gain, or decrease or increase in daily appetite • Lack of sleep or excessive sleeping almost every day • Psychomotor unrest or retardation almost every day (observable by others, not merely subjective feelings of restlessness). • Lack of energy nearly every day • Feelings of worthlessness or inappropriate guilt (possibly delusional) nearly every day (not merely self-reported or guilt for being sick) • Decrease capacity to think or concentrate or indecisiveness, almost every day (either by self-report or as observed by others) • Repeated thoughts death (not just fear of dying), recurrent suicidal ideation without specific plans; suicide attempt; or a definite plan to commit suicide • The illness causes clinically remarkable distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. • The episode is not due to the physiological effects of a substance or another medical condition • The occurrence of the major depressive episode cannot be explained by schizoaffective disorder, schizophrenia, schizophreniform disorder, delusional disorder, or other specified and unspecified schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders • Had no manic or hypomanic episodes The USPSTF (US Preventive Services Task Force) recommends screening for a major depressive disorder (MDD) in adolescents aged 12 to 18 years.[15] Some screening questionaries are available to screen for depression in primary settings. Examples are: 1. PHQ9: The 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire, scores each of the nine DSM criteria as “0” (not at all) to “3” (nearly every day), providing a 0 to 27 severity score 2. The Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale: A 20-item self-report questionnaire. 3. The Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II): 21-item self-report inventory There is no specific blood test or imaging that can be done to diagnose depression. However, the evaluation of depression needs to include some investigations to rule out some of the differential diagnosis. Examples are: • Complete blood count (CBC) and vitamin B-12 levels • Electrolytes including magnesium, calcium, and phosphate. • TSH, T3, free T4 • Liver function tests, renal function test (blood urea nitrogen, creatinine) Other investigations should be ordered whenever other medical illnesses are suspected, for example, urine toxicology screen, blood alcohol level, HIV test, dexamethasone suppression test, and ACTH stimulation test. Treatment / Management Treatment should aim for recovery, achieving full remission of symptoms, and returning to the premorbid level of functioning. Biopsychosocial treatment plans for children and adolescent is similar to adults’ plans. However, in children and adolescents, clinicians often start with psychosocial interventions. Psychosocial Interventions Involving the Child and Parents Psychosocial interventions are the first-line treatment in case of mild-to-moderate depression. 1. Psycho-education including education about the illness, the importance of having a good sleep and good nutrition 2. Exercising for at least 30 minutes a day 3. Cognitive and behavioral therapy to help the depressed individual identify cognitive distortions and to learn cognitive restructuring skills, problem-solving skills and to use behavioral activation techniques 4. Interpersonal therapy aimed to decrease interpersonal conflicts by helping depressed individual learning interpersonal problem-solving skills and changing dysfunctional communication and relational patterns 5. Family therapy: Different family therapy modules could be of help to the depressed individual and family. Different studies had shown that antidepressants efficacy is different between adults and children. The placebo effect is stronger among children and adolescents compared to adults, especially with mild-moderate depression. It is important to discuss the effects and side-effects with the patient and parents. Typically, for the first month after prescribing an antidepressant follow-up should be weekly. This allows for close monitoring of side effects as well as supportive management. Antidepressants that are most commonly used in this age group are fluoxetine, sertraline, citalopram, and escitalopram. Fluoxetine and escitalopram are approved by the FDA for adolescent depression. Venlafaxine, a serotonin-norepinephrine repute inhibitor (SNRI), is a second-line drug due to its side effects. Side Effects One of the major side effects of antidepressants is an increase in suicidal thoughts, but not suicidal attempts. Thus, monitoring suicidal risk is required. Other side effects include gastrointestinal problems, agitation, nightmares and sleep disturbance, weight gain, and sexual dysfunction. Management of Comorbid Disorders Clinicians should monitor comorbid disorders such as sleep disorders, anxiety disorders, and other underlying medical causes of depression. Differential Diagnosis Bipolar Depression To diagnose a bipolar affective disorder, clinicians need to document one manic or hypomanic episode. The challenge with the pediatric population is that bipolar disorders often start with an episode of depression in childhood or adolescence. Adjustment Disorder The onset of symptoms in adjustment disorder occurs following a significant life event. Substance Use Disorders Either withdrawal from substances, for example, amphetamines or cocaine, or intoxication (alcohol) could present with a clinical picture similar to depression. Depression could be diagnosed as a concurrent disorder if depressive symptoms persist or precede the onset of substance use. Medical Conditions Different medical conditions could present with depression, for example, multiple sclerosis, stroke, or hypothyroidism. Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) could present with irritable mood, poor concentration, and these symptoms are similar in pediatric depression symptoms. The most important factor in predicting the severity and improvement percentage of depression is the duration of untreated depression. Active treatment decreases the depressive episode duration.[16] Remission rate depends on different factors like disorder severity, with rates among people with severe disorders being 20% to 30% lower than mild-to-moderate depression. Around, 60 % to 90% of mild-to-moderate depressive episodes in adolescents remit within a year. However, recurrence within 5 years occurs in around 50 % to 70%. Patients with major depression from specialist psychiatry settings have had long-term recurrence rates of between 50% and 64%.[17] Relapse rate is higher when the remission from depression is partial (67.6%) compared to when it is complete remission (15.18%).[18] Children and adolescents who develop a recurrent or chronic disorder extending into adulthood are more likely to suffer considerable disability and impairment.[19] Columbia University Media Contacts: Eian Kantor – Columbia University Image Source: The image is in the public domain. Original Research: Closed access “Brain Volume Abnormalities in Youth at High Risk for Depression: Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development Study”. David Pagliaccio et al. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2019.09.032. Please enter your comment! Please enter your name here
Monday, January 11, 2016 Structural unity in the cosmos Embedded image permalink Massive stellar system, Eta Carinae Ancient intuition assumed an inherent, and organic unity to cosmos and existence. However, almost all scientific disciplines show our world as mechanical and profoundly disconnected. Now, Eva Deli’s book, ‘The Science of Consciousness’, details a hypothesis, which connects all parts of existence into a coherent, intuitive universe: particles of matter, the mind, and the whole cosmos fit together like Russian dolls. Thus they form a fractal structure. Supporting ancient religions and ancient traditions, the soul evolves and operates as a symmetric system to the physical world. According to its size and energy level, the mind can be placed at about halfway between matter particles and the universe. Among the constituents, the smallest energy structure is the most deterministic. In contrast, the degrees of freedom increase with size, from matter, to mind, and to the universe. The energy level changes in the opposite way, matter's high frequencies ensures the highest energy. The immense universe size corresponds to minimal energy levels of a gentle, pervasive, infinite, and eternal universe. This is the reason that in many ancient traditions, the cosmos is called God. Since the mind, particles of matter and the cosmos together form a unity, they are perfect mirrors of each other. Since the soul originates from the universe's creative energy, it shows a structural and regulatory identity with the universe, and like material particles, it is governed by physical laws. To understand particles is to understand the mind, and it is to understand the cosmos. We form emotions, which triggers actions that restore the neutral state. Therefore emotional states are finite (have an expiration), and the cynical person is controlled by the environment. This way, the cynical mind is just as powerless, as matter particles, such as an electron. Only the positive attitude mind has free will. However, the positive attitude mind has no incentive or motivation to change. The hypothesis verifies the ancient wisdom about the self-defeating consequences of negative emotions and explains why positive feelings are the success generators of the mental universe. Read the details of the hypothesis. The book on Amazon mailing list The Science of Consciousness Post, your news about the mind The Science of Consciousness, please join the discussion Website: evadeli Copyright © 2017 by Eva Deli 1 comment:
My informant was raised in Poland and has lived there most of her life. In the late 1970’s, she first participated in this traditional festival as one of her Girl Scout activities. She explained that this festival dates back to pagan times, and that everyone was allowed to participate. They would build a doll of straw and tree branches and dress it in old clothes. The clothes were supposed to look rather trashy and they would decorate the doll to look ugly. Then everyone would gather around to throw the doll into a river. Hence, the Americanized name for this festival is the Drowning of the Doll. Traditionally, the doll symbolizes winter. After months of freezing weather, the Polish wish to free themselves of the cold, so they personify the winter as a doll. My informant explained that the doll “symbolizes winter, so it’s ugly.” Then, when the doll is thrown into the river, it’s like they’re killing the winter that has passed and they can look forward to warmer months. The festival is only celebrated by the Polish because it represents their unique pagan past, a time without the foreign influences of modern times. This does not mean that this holiday is only celebrated in Poland. My informant has not attended Marzanna since her youth, but she has heard of instances of people of Polish heritage having their own festivals in other countries to connect them with their homeland
Text Size Facebook Twitter More... Quantum mechanics and the general theory of relativity form the bedrock of the current understanding of physics—yet the two theories don't seem to work together. Physical phenomena rely on relationship of motion between the observed and the observer. Certain rules hold true across types of observed objects and those observing, but those rules tend to break down at the quantum level, where subatomic particles behave in strange ways. An international team of researchers developed a unified framework that would account for this apparent break down between classical and , and they put it to the test using a quantum satellite called Micius. They published their results ruling out one version of their theory on Sept 19th in Science. To read more, click here. Category: Science
What exactly are noise and vibration? Hamilton II, CNB 117, photo Nicolas Claris Vibrations can be caused by diesel engines, generator sets, power trains, propellers, pumps, etc., but also by waves—transmitted through the (hull of the ship) ship structure. Noise is the product of sound waves that can either create pleasant, harmonious conditions—for instance, in the form of music—or cause annoyance which can in turn induce stress and irritability. NOVIMA focuses its complete attention on this correlation and reduces the levels of noise and vibration according to the client’s wishes. Human well-being in terms of a harmonious sound environment is usually not achieved by simply reducing the level of noise, because even noise perceived as being quiet can produce unpleasant feelings. The NOVIMA approach goes a step further and transforms noise reduction into sound design. Sound design is noise reduction combined with vibration changes, whereby the noise environment is converted into the ideal sound environment so that you can live in harmony with your surroundings. NOVIMA—people in harmony with their yachts!
Anna Eleanor Roosevelt October 10, 1884 to November 7, 1962 Eleanor Roosevelt, wife of Franklin Delano Roosevelt, was an author, activist, speaker, politician, UN ambassador, and vocal supporter of civil rights. Anna Eleanor Roosevelt was born in well-known and wealthy family in 1884. Both of her parents were part of the New York’s “high society”. Her mother died from diptheria when Eleanor was eight. Her father, whom she adored, died of alcoholism two years later. Her grandmother sent her to Allenswood, a girls’ boarding school in England, in 1899. The headmistress, Madame Marie Souvestre, chose Eleanor as a personal traveling companion in Europe and helped her develop confidence. She returned to the U.S. in 1902 for her society debut. Always self-conscious about her looks, she was a very uncomfortable during this time. She married Franklin Delano Roosevelt, a distant cousin, in 1905. Her new mother-in-law was controlling and dominated the household even after Eleanor had given birth to her sixth child. Like all women of her class at that time Eleanor become involved with several progressive causes. In 1921, Franklin contracted polio and became paralyzed. For the rest of his political career, he relied heavily on Eleanor’s mobility. He taught her to observe social conditions during her trips throughout the country so that they could discuss them in detail upon her return. Following discovery on an affair Frankly had with a social secretary, their marriage became more of a political partnership of respectful friends. When Franklin became president in 1933, Eleanor used her role as First Lady to raise awareness for groups marginalized by society. In 1936, she began writing a syndicated newspaper column called “My Day” in which she talked to people from all walks of life. After the war began, she visited the troops in the south Pacific, raising the spirit of the troops. Eleanor Roosevelt holding the United Nations Declaration of Human Rights After Franklin’s death from a stroke in April, 1945, Eleanor took a few months out of the public eye before accepting a role as one of the nation’s delegates to the first meeting of the United Nations. She was elected to chair the committee that drafted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. She continued to travel, lecture, write, and serve on number committees. She stirred up controversy well into her 70’s by vocally supporting civil rights - even receiving death threats from the Klu Klux Klan. On November 7, 1962, Eleanor died at her apartment in New York City. She was 78 years old. Eleanor Roosevelt
Disney’s World Pixie Dust on Goody Goody Land? Walt Disney was a man known as an escapist who made escapism his life’s work. He not only exploited fantasy, but enjoyed it with the millions who paid to see his films. He recognized early on that in the world of the fairy-tale, especially the cartoon fairy-tale, anything is possible. Animals can act, talk and behave like human beings; witches can fly, little boys can climb beanstalks and discover giants and castles in the clouds. Of course, these stories are ages old, Cinderella, Snow White, and Sleeping Beauty. Disney always added his own imaginative touches, to the point you read the old versions and your child is likely to say, ‘that’s wrong’! He invented many other characters, from Mickey Mouse and Donald Duck onwards. Disney had a burning ambition to succeed, but money was of secondary importance: his associates constantly complained about his reckless disregard for the enormous cost of the projects he initiated. His first venture ended in bankruptcy, but he persisted. His career is a remarkable example of courage, determination, and vision. The Disney vision of fairy-tale love stories, benevolent nature, and classic American virtues such as hard work have remained unchanged from the beginning. However, in Disney films stereotypical characters , predictable plots and subtle racist elements have all led to criticism… With Pocahontas(1995), the corporation set the goal of producing a movie that would be accepted by all cultures. Pocahontas tells the love story between an English captain and a young Native American woman. To assure an unbiased fair cultural portrayal of Native Americans, Disney sought counsel from decendents of Powhatan Indians as well as assistance from historians and the leaders of American Indian organizations. To recreate the atmosphere behind the Pocahontas story writers, directors, animators, and composers made multiple visits to Jamestown, Virginia, the site of the original Jamestown colony. Despite these efforts, there have been continuing criticisms regarding the actual extent to which Disney listened to the Powhatans, as well as criticisms regarding the historical distortions contained in the film. This exhaustive style of research seems to characterise all film genres today, but in aiming to please everyone, do you end up pleasing no one? Disneyland, of all his fantasies, built like a vast film set, but cast as reality, a mixture of old-fashioned adventures and the latest technological dream. It was such a huge success that the Disney Organization has since built the bigger, better Walt Disney World in Florida, and then later, in Tokyo, Hong Kong and Paris. The concept, now so familiar, was very much his own: it is the private world of a genius. Main Street is America 1890, with its penny arcades and silent films, horse-drawn and motor carriages: Adventureland is jungle and pirates; Frontierland is the Old West with its saloons, forts, Tom Sawyer’s Island, log rafts and canoes; Fantasyland is Cinderella’s Castle, Peter Pan and Snow White; Tomorrowland is all action, Space Mountain, submarines and Mission to Mars. Disney called it Magic Kingdom and invited visitors to forget the present, suspend all belief, lower their defences, and enjoy themselves whatever their age, and statistics reveal half of all adults visit without children. That Disney had a good deal of the schoolboy in him is clearly shown by one of the most popular features – the submarines which cross a lake and disappear into a cavern. To the people inside them, they appear to have plunged into the abyss of the ocean. They do not really submerge: they run on rails through the lake, and only the porthole windows along their sides are under water. The interior of the vessels convincingly rattle with the noise of engines, sirens and loudspeaker commands from the captain. Bubbles appear outside the windows and rush upward until the required ‘depth’ is reached. The submarine then glides slowly through an underwater seascape. There is a forest of corals, glowing in their natural colours. Shoals of iridescent fish swim among them or sport around huge octopuses that wave their arms. The light fades from the water for a while, and monstrous fish of the deep peer in at the portholes. A giant clam opens and shuts its enormous valves. Soon you pass the wreck of a pirate ship: skeletons of pirates sit on its spars, and a treasure chest, half-open as in the storybooks, spills gold, jewels, and pieces of eight. Then, as the submarine turns for home, an enormous white serpent undulates through the water towards the observation windows. What fun Disney must have had when he devised this preposterous but hugely enjoyable fantasy. This is but one example of how technology is employed to hoodwink the senses. In 1982, the Disney Organization completed another project he had initiated before his death. The Florida complex, alongside the Magic Kingdom, is known as EPCOT (Experimental Prototype Community of Tomorrow). Disney envisaged a city of the future, a model community. His successors decided that his concept – like so many others – wasn’t practical enough and turned it into what is essentially a showcase for America’s big corporations, a science and technology amusement arcade. Spaceship Earth, housed within the famous geosphere, has a planetarium, in which the vastness of space is the theme. Visitors board a ‘time machine’ to see how communications have developed from the age of cave-dwellers to machines of the future. World Showcase is a collective of Pavilions that wrap around the World Showcase Lagoon. The idea grew from Disney’s original vision of an International Street in Disneyland, California, but was not then realized. Inside the Pavilions, may be found shops, attractions and restaurants that represent the culture and cuisine of eleven countries, Mexico, Norway, China, Germany, Italy, United States, Japan, Morocco, France, United Kingdom and Canada. Pavilions for Russia, Switzerland, Spain, Venezuela, United Arab Emirates, and Israel have never made it past the planning phase to date. Typical that when we visited, the authentic British pub was full of British tourists drinking bitter and eating pies for lunch! Where else can you do that in Florida? Finally, a mention of the TV journalist Alan Whicker, who visited Walt Disney World, aired on British Television in September 1971, the show was entitled ‘Pixie Dust on Goody Goody Land’ (Within Whickers World) and possibly part of the reason Disney prefer their own publicity.. With thanks to: www.disneyworld.disney.go.com Leave a Reply
Types of Human Rights Violations (9): Self-Inflicted Human Rights Violations I want to return briefly to the topic of rights violations that are inflicted, not by others or by the state, but by people on themselves. (See here for a previous post). One example is self-inflicted poverty, or poverty that’s the result of people’s own misguided actions (although I hasten to add that I’m convinced that other causes of poverty are more important and more common; and yes, poverty is a human rights violation). However, it’s interesting to note that when people inflict poverty on themselves, they don’t merely do so by way of misguided, irrational or self-destructive actions. Poor people may engage in preference adaptation, so as to cope better with their poverty. They may also stubbornly believe that their situation isn’t so bad after all, and that many others are even worse off, even if they are among the worst off. This belief helps them to feel better about their lives. (Read more about this here and here). Both preference adaptation and “counting your blessings” won’t do much to help you pull yourself out of poverty. The problem is indeed that such coping mechanisms tend to perpetuate poverty, and hence they are part of a process of self-inflicted poverty. People who adapt their preferences and satisfaction levels become less prone to fight for their rights. This problem isn’t limited to poverty. Oppressive circumstances usually stunt people’s ambitions. If the risks of engaging in protests against a powerful authoritarian government are high, then people may settle in their submission and thank the Lord that they at least have some freedom within their homes. Their lack of protest then helps to maintain their submission, and hence they are partially responsible for the violation of their rights. By the way, the inherent malleability of preferences – which are elements of the examples given above – discredits all theories of justice that are based on equality of preference satisfaction. Given that circumstances may form preferences and that people may revise their preferences downwards in order to achieve at least some level of satisfaction, equality of preference satisfaction will result in lives of very unequal quality. More posts in this series are here. 1 thought on “Types of Human Rights Violations (9): Self-Inflicted Human Rights Violations” 1. Poverty is inflicted by employers and government acting in concert with Employers. It is not the middle person caught up in the bosses conditions, who inflicts the violation. Government lies to everyone to protect corporation, and the masses repeats the falsehoods. The Federal Poverty level, from the 1960’s until 2014 is based upon the cost of food alone. Why to have a bogus number of around just 40 million in Lack. Over the decades this number have moved up and down by just 1-6 million. The official poverty level is bogus, as it fails to count Rent a place to cook food, clothes to protect you against bacon splatter as you cook. Employment costs to bring home the bacon and vegetables. Refrigator and stove to keep the food cold enough to be healthy and the heat food warm enough to eat. Electicity, or gas to cook with. And heat in the place you cook your food. Etc. The government also takes numbers out of the air for minimum wage. And we the American and other populous, think people stood make the cost of living at minimum wage. It is the amount needed to barely stay alive and work making wealth in someone else’s profit machine. When people work as hard as they can, given their circumstances of not being able to find and do two 40 hours a week job; they Do NOT CHOOSE to be mired in poverty. They are FORCED into human Lack. Human Right defenders, should not say otherwise. By doing So you are protecting the CAUSE of need. You are taking the focus of creation of a human ill condition off the Real Cause. Please stop blaming those who work as hard as the can for Bad Pay. Leave a Reply WordPress.com Logo Google photo Twitter picture Facebook photo Connecting to %s
Before and After the Civil War In Glogpedia by ChristineMonjoseph Last updated 5 years ago Social Studies American History Toggle fullscreen Print glog Before and After the Civil War Pre Civil War In the 19th century, people mostly read books and journals, which usually incorporated some Christian foundation. An example of a book from this time period is The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. This book had a lot about the topic of slavery in it, and mentions the Christian faith. However, with a new century, modernism began rising up and science started going against the church. This was the beginnig of a new movement. Intellectual Movement GSRRITE Before and After the Civil War - PART B Post Civil War Before the 20th century, everything had been done by hand, and took a very long time. But with the birth of machines and factories in the 1900s, things were produced faster and easier. Before the Civil War, most people lived an agrarian lifestyle. They made their own clothes, shelter, and food. No one really bought merchandise from stores. This changed with the production of factories. Because things were produced in larger quantity and in a shorter amount of time, people began buying things, and the economy grew. Not only did people buy things neccessary for survival. They also bought things for their entertainment. There are no comments for this Glog.
Related topics: predators Wildlife managers use pup fostering to boost wolf genetics A record number of captive-born wolf pups has been placed into the wild as part of an effort by federal and state wildlife managers to boost the genetic diversity among Mexican gray wolves in the Southwestern United States. Video: Why are we acting like wolves at night? Around the world, people are collectively making noise while social distancing. In Colorado, we're howling like wolves. Joanna Lambert, a professor in the Program of Environmental Studies, studies wolf communication. Scientists unexpectedly witness wolf puppies play fetch When it comes to playing a game of fetch, many dogs are naturals. But now, researchers report that the remarkable ability to interpret human social communicative cues that enables a dog to go for a ball and then bring it ... Dogs and wolves are both good at cooperating A team of researchers have found that dogs and wolves are equally good at cooperating with partners to obtain a reward. When tested in same-species pairs, dogs and wolves proved equally successful and efficient at solving ... page 1 from 29 Gray Wolf The grey wolf or gray wolf (Canis lupus), also known as the timber wolf or simply wolf, is the largest wild member of the Canidae family. It is an ice age survivor originating during the Late Pleistocene around 300,000 years ago. DNA sequencing and genetic drift studies reaffirm that the gray wolf shares a common ancestry with the domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris). Although certain aspects of this conclusion have been questioned, including recently, the main body of evidence confirms it. A number of other gray wolf subspecies have been identified, though the actual number of subspecies is still open to discussion. Gray wolves are typically apex predators in the ecosystems they occupy. Though not as adaptable as more generalist canid species, wolves have thrived in temperate forests, deserts, mountains, tundra, taiga, grasslands, and even urban areas.
HC 562 The effect on energy usage of extending BST Memorandum submitted by National Grid (BST 03) Executive Summary 1. National Grid welcomes this opportunity to contribute to the Committee’s inquiry into the effect on energy usage of extending British Summer Time (BST). National Grid’s analysis suggests that the extension of BST through the winter would result in a small reduction in energy usage. 2. National Grid has undertaken research work with Cambridge University to analyse the effects of extending BST on electricity demand. This analysis suggests that throughout winter there would be a reduction in the daily peak demand and an increase in morning demand, leading to a small reduction in overall energy volumes. 3. The extension of BST would have an effect on marginal plant during early and late winter. There would also be an effect on Interconnector flows as the UK and mainland European demand peaks align, leading to a higher probability of increased peak prices in low margin scenarios that affect either market. 4. There is anticipated to be less impact on the usage of gas than electricity. Gas is balanced on a daily basis and demands are likely to remain largely unchanged with any marginal increase in the morning being offset by a similar reduction in the evening. Introduction to National Grid 5. National Grid owns and operates the high voltage electricity transmission system in England and Wales and, as National Electricity Transmission System Operator (NETSO), operates the Scottish high voltage transmission system. National Grid also owns and operates the gas transmission system throughout Great Britain and through the low pressure gas distribution business, distributes gas in the heart of England to approximately eleven million offices, schools and homes. In addition National Grid owns and operates significant electricity and gas assets in the US, operating in the states of New England and New York. 6. In the UK, National Grid’s primary duties under the Electricity and Gas Acts are to develop and maintain efficient networks and also facilitate competition in the generation and supply of electricity and the supply of gas. Activities include the residual balancing in close to real time of the electricity and gas markets. 7. Through its subsidiaries, National Grid also own and maintain around 18 million domestic and commercial meters, the electricity Interconnector between England and France, and a Liquid Natural Gas importation terminal at the Isle of Grain. In addition, the wholly owned subsidiary National Grid Carbon Limited has advanced the transportation and storage elements of the Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) supply chain. Effects on energy usage of extending British Summer Time Electricity - research 8. National Grid has previously undertaken research work with Cambridge University to model and investigate the impacts of moving to a year round BST. This resulted in the publication of Daylight Saving, Electricity Demand and Emissions; Exploratory Studies from Great Britain, Chong et al (2009) [1] , The Impact on Energy Consumption of Daylight Saving Clock Changes, Hill et al (2010) [2] and a commissioned piece of work that is unpublished, final Report to National Grid on Potential Impact of Change in the UK Clock Time regime, Garnsey, (2009). Research work has also analysed the 1968 to 1971 experimental period where BST was adopted year round and reviewed some of the recent international experiences (see Appendix 1) Electricity - System Demand 9. Electricity demand is directly linked with activity and sleep patterns. Whether or not activity take place during sunlight hours has an effect on the energy consumed. The extension of BST changes whether activities take place during sunlight hours (as shown in Figure 1). Figure 1 - Activity and Sleep time in GMT and GMT + 1 10. Following the autumn clock change there is a step change in the daily demand peak (as shown in Figure 2). The mid-winter peak is referred to as the darkness peak. The darkness peak occurs when the tea-time peak and the lighting peak occur at the same time resulting in a sharper higher peak than the rest of the year. Prior to clock change the tea-time peak and darkness peak occur at different times resulting in a wider lower overall peak when compared to the post clock change darkness peak. Figure 2 - Change in demand levels over clock change 11. The extension of BST through the winter would remove the step change that currently occurs at clock change, however, the tea-time peak and the lighting peak will still move closer together naturally as sunset becomes earlier. As the peaks move close together in the middle of the winter (December and January) there would be similar size demand peaks as the peaks during a winter where GMT was adopted. The net effect on peak demand therefore presents benefit during the ‘shoulder’ months of the winter (November, February and March) as shown in Figure 3. Figure 3 - Peak demand forecasts over winter with GMT and GMT +1 Please note: Peak demand forecast by calendar week. The autumn clock change occurs at the end of week 43 and the spring clock change occurs at the end of week 12 12. During mid-winter, peak demand would continue to take place at 17:00 to 17:30 in an extended BST scenario as it currently does in the GMT scenario. The largest reduction in energy usage would occur over the peak during the shoulder months, on average a 1300 MW reduction in total system demand. During mid-winter an impact of up to a 500MW (0.8%) reduction in the peak demand is possible but represents a high case view of the impact (a full breakdown can be seen in Table 1). The change over mid-winter is driven by slightly warmer temperatures at the time of the demand peak and by a small decline in lighting load during the same time. Table 1 Impact of extending BST through the winter Other End User Behaviour On mid-winter daily demand peak 200 MW reduction in peak demand 300 MW reduction in peak demand Negligible impact On shoulder month daily demand peaks 800 MW reduction in peak demand 500 MW reduction in peak demand On daily energy volumes < 1 GWh (0.1%) reduction < 1 GWh (0.1%) reduction 13. Looking at the whole day there would be marginally more demand in the morning if the BST scenario was adopted, due to increased lighting requirements. This would net off some of the evening reductions leaving a small benefit over the whole day. 14. There would be no change to demand in summer as usage and behaviours would be the same as they currently are. 15. In summary, if BST were extended through the winter; · Daily demand peaks during the shoulder months would decrease by up to 1300 MW. · The December and January demand peaks would be largely unaffected with a high case view of a 500 MW (0.8%) reduction. · Morning demand would increase throughout the winter. · Daily energy volumes would decrease by up to 0.1 GWh. Electricity - Margin 16. The difference between the demand forecast and available generation is referred to as surplus. During the year there is a requirement to use some of this surplus for reserve requirements to enable secure operation of the transmission system. The remaining surplus is referred to as operating margin. A transmission system with only enough generation to meet the demand and the reserve required would have no operating margin. Hence the minimum amount of surplus and therefore operating margin occurs around the winter peak. 17. Investment signals for the construction of new generation are based around the winter peak requirements. With the adoption of BST there would be a larger amount of surplus generation in the shoulder months because of the lower wider demand peaks during this time (as shown in Figure 4). This would reduce the running hours of the marginal generation plant that currently operates mainly over the winter peaks. The marginal generation which is used to cover operating reserve in the winter peak would, therefore, be expected to operate less in a BST scenario. This would provide less of a signal for new marginal plant to be commissioned going forward and could lead to a reduction of operating margin providers. Figure 4 - Energy Surplus Levels over the winter with GMT and GMT +1 18. Last year operating margin was provided primarily by coal or gas plant. This contributed to a fall in margin costs when compared to previous years when other generation such as oil fired plant were used. In an extended BST scenario where it would be expected that there would be increased levels of surplus, operating margin would still be provided mainly by coal and gas. As margin would still be provided by the same plant type a slight reduction in margin value from current levels may be expected; however a step change in margin cost observed since 2008/09 and attributed to limited requirement to warm oil generation for margin would not be expected. Electricity - Interconnector Flows 19. National Grid’s analysis suggests that the extension of BST would also result in the demand peaks of the UK system occurring at the same time as the demand peaks of mainland Europe. As the interconnection between the UK and other European systems increases the ability to transfer energy between the markets of the UK and mainland Europe will increase. Previously, due to the charging methodology of interconnectors in the UK, over the winter peak in the UK a 2 GW import from France has been seen. With the changes to the charging regime of interconnectors the flow of energy between the UK and mainland Europe is expected to follow price. 20. In the event of a large loss of surplus (due to either loss of capacity or severe weather events) in either the UK or mainland Europe there would be an associated wholesale price rise. The extension of BST, with the peaks across the UK and mainland Europe aligned, could increase the probability of increased price rises in both markets. Gas - System Demand 21. There is no recent analysis of the effect on gas usage from extending BST, however, it is generally understood that there will be no material impact on either annual or peak demand. The daily balancing period for gas rather than the half hour periods for electricity also lessen any potential impact. 22. The use of gas for heating requirements is expected to remain largely unchanged by the BST scenario as UK housing stock would require similar net energy over the day. There could be some small effects of an increase in non daily metered (NDM) gas consumption in the morning which would be expected to be offset by a similar reduction in the evening. 23. For gas fired power generation, there could be a small within day shift to reflect changes to within day electricity profiles. These are however expected to be relatively small and would probably only be noticeable if gas generation plant was providing the within day power generation profile. The net energy usage over the day would also be broadly neutral. October 2010 Appendix 1 Electricity - International Experience 24. The State of California in the US extended DST (Daylight Savings Time) by three weeks in the spring and one week in the autumn of 2007. Statistical analysis of energy consumption showed little or no effect on the total energy consumption across California. Given natural variation in consumption a change of electricity usage could have been 1.5% without effects showing up statistically, the most likely approximation from the statistical analysis is a 0.2% decrease in electricity usage during this time period. 25. The State of Victoria in Australia advanced spring DST by two months in 2000 to accommodate the Olympics. The demand on the morning peak increased and tended to negate the benefits of the reduced evening peak load. 26. Other countries including Morocco, Japan, China, Tunisia, Pakistan and the Philippines have all experimented with changing DST with minimal reductions in energy usage reported. Electricity - British Standard Time Experiment 1968-1971 27. In 1968 the UK began a three-year trial of so called British Stand Time (BST) which was implemented all year round. The clocks were advance one hour in March 1968 and not put back until October 1971. A review of this trial concluded that it was difficult to quantify important advantages. Demand for electricity reduced by 3% in the evening period but increased by 2.5% in the morning period. The net benefit of energy and demand was not considered adequate for the trial to be continued. [1] http://www.ifm.eng.cam.ac.uk/people/ewg/091022_dst.pdf [2] http://www-sigproc.eng.cam.ac.uk/~sih22/hill_desobry_chong_garnsey_10.pdf
The impact of asking questions…in the LGBTQ+ community Natalie Sweet, Staff Writer “People often ask ‘why do you act like that?’ and honestly there are just different ways for people to represent themselves, which some people who are not members of the LGBTQ+ community have a hard time understanding,” said Eli Bacon (11), who identifies as bisexual. To members of the LGBTQ+ community, coming out as queer often comes with questions regarding gender identity and self-expression. For example, people often associate gay men with acting more feminine or lesbians with acting more masculine, Bacon said, and many straight people often ask why. “Similar to someone enjoying a genre of movie or a clothing style, acting more feminine or masculine is just a way of expressing yourself just like straight people do,” Bacon said. “Something that is difficult for a lot of people to wrap their minds around is that sexuality and gender are just as much a part [of your identity] as race is: you can’t choose it.” One thing that is important to understand that is often at the root of these questions is that gender and sexual identity are a spectrum, GSA President Bernard Von Simson (12) said. “The most important aspect of awareness is understanding the nuances of sexuality and gender identity, and not assuming something ,” he said. “When people are asking questions of that nature, they’re making assumptions about LGBTQ+ people and they’re not taking the time to understand the full picture.” Understanding LGBTQ+ terminology can be quite confusing for straight, cisgender people, but taking the time to listen to members of the community explain the terms is very simple, GSA Vice President Evann Penn Brown (11) said. “I’m a queer woman, and sometimes I call myself gay, and a lot of straight, cis people get very confused and flustered and ask, ‘wait, I thought you liked guys?’ or [say] ‘I don’t get it,’” she said. “They’re not very open to thinking about “gay” as an umbrella term, no matter how many times I say it.” For queer people in same sex relationships, sometimes people ask who the man or woman in the relationship is, Bacon said. Though he has never been asked this specific question before, he attributes it to the idea that a heteronormative relationship consists of one man and one woman. “People often want to extrapolate that idea of a ‘normal relationship’ to something they understand, instead of just being at peace with the fact that two men or women love each other for who they are,” he said. Simson doesn’t think that the majority of questions asked about the LGBTQ+ community are intentionally harmful; rather, they’re coming from a place of curiosity. “These things and their scope have only come into the light in the news in recent years, so a lot of people haven’t been able to fully understand what being LGBTQ+ means,” he said. “So seeing someone in front of them who appears different can be confusing at first.”
Radiocarbon dating method ppt Sexjapanee com Posted by / 18-Jan-2019 17:34 In order to make allowances for background counts and to evaluate the limits of detection, materials which radiocarbon specialists can be fairly sure contain no activity are measured under identical counting conditions as normal samples. Background samples usually consist of geological samples of infinite age such as coal, lignite, limestone, ancient carbonate, athracite, marble or swamp wood. The Oxalic acid standard was made from a crop of 1955 sugar beet. The isotopic ratio of HOx I is -19.3 per mille with respect to (wrt) the PBD standard belemnite (Mann, 1983). T designation SRM 4990 C) was made from a crop of 1977 French beet molasses. The Oxalic acid standard which was developed is no longer commercially available. In the early 1980's, a group of 12 laboratories measured the ratios of the two standards. Obviously, the limit of the method differs between laboratories dependent upon the extent to which background levels of radioactivity can be reduced. Amongst accelerator laboratories there has been mooted the theoretical possibility of extended range dating to 75 000 yr , at present this seems difficult to attain because of the problems in accurately differentiating between ions that mimic the mass and charge characteristics of the C14 atom. The ratio of the activity of sucrose with 0.95 Ox was first measured by Polach at 1.50070.0052 (Polach, 1976b:122). This is the International Radiocarbon Dating Standard. If a sample age falls after 1950, it is termed greater than Modern, or Where Aabs is the absolute international standard activity, 1/8267 is the lifetime based on the new half life (5730 yr), Y = the year of measurement of the appropriate standard. This is an expression of the ratio of the net modern activity against the residual normalised activity of the sample, expressed as a percentage and it represents the proportion of radiocarbon atoms in the sample compared to that present in the year 1950 AD. Beukens (1994) for instance has stated that this means the limit of the range for his Isotrace laboratory is 60 000 yr which is very similar to the conventional range. Figure 1: This gif shows the comparison in radioactivity between a sample, or unknown (green area) , a modern standard (dark blue) and a background (small red peaks) derived from beta decay. A radiocarbon measurement, termed a conventional radiocarbon age (or CRA) is obtained using a set of parameters outlined by Stuiver and Polach (1977), in the journal Radiocarbon. radiocarbon dating method ppt-82radiocarbon dating method ppt-49radiocarbon dating method ppt-23 Thus, %Modern becomes a useful term in describing radiocarbon measurements for the past 45 years when, due to the influx of artificial radiocarbon into the atmosphere as a result of nuclear bomb testing the 'age' calculation becomes a 'future' calculation.
Grandfather clocks Between 1800 and 1850 there had been a significant change in style in the Viennese regulators called Bodenstanduhren. These grandfather clocks (also floor standing clocks, longcase clocks) inevitably differ from wall clocks although the technology is often the same or similar. The clock case is extended by a lower part standing on the floor. On the one hand it served the purpose to extend the drop height of the weight, by which a long duration could be achieved. Year duration floor standing clocks have therefore been preserved in notable museums and collections. Another version of the grandfather clock has a middle part which merges with the base of the clock, – without a larger box for the pendulum bob. The clock cases were sometimes decorated with various ornaments such as columns and gold bronze fittings. Clock movements and pendulums were just as versatile and complex as were laterndlclocks and in technical respects in no way inferior to the laterndlclocks. The compensation pendulums, as made by Johann Sandhaas and Joseph Binder, were of exceptionally high quality. Examples can be found in the Sobek Collection, which is part of the Museum of Applied Arts in Vienna. Johann Sandhaas, who immigrated from Baden Württemberg to Vienna and lived in Vienna for only a short period of time, and his partner Josef von Sonnenthal were granted a patent for a compensation pendulum and a new escapement in 1822. Today only two floor standing clocks from this master are known to be in private collections. The clockmaker Jakob Degen, who emigrated from Switzerland, left us two grandfather clocks with rich gold bronze fittings of the period around 1795, both of which are in Viennese museums today, but once were in imperial residences. Matthäus Ratzenhofer made astronomical clocks with glass encapsulated clock movements, which show his exceptional workmanship. His cabinet maker used predominantly walnut for the clock cases. In the 1830s, Viennese clockmakers such as Alois Löffler specialized in the production of floor standing clocks and he put his patented clock movement, with 3 days or weekly duration and Huygen’s endless winding, in very flat, small clock cases without protruding top and base. They were mostly made of mahogany wood. We have not seen wall clocks by either one of these masters. Finally, it should be mentioned that very few Viennese clockmakers specialized in one type of clock and many manufactured and distributed a multitude of different clocks such as wall clocks, floor standing clocks, bracket clocks, carriage clocks and pocket watches in their workshops.
A news report from 16 June 1999 examining Nelson Mandela's relationship with his ex-wife, Winnie Mandela, and the elections of 1994 (South Africa's first free election), which led to Mandela becoming president. Learners could look at why Nelson Mandela, a so-called 'ex-terrorist' leader became so revered throughout the world. Pupils could also explore different historical interpretations of this key figure in history and list some examples by researching old media clips and using other online resources.
Du er her: Skole > "Huckleberry Finn" by Mark Twain "Huckleberry Finn" by Mark Twain Analyse av boka "Huckleberry Finn". Lastet opp Huckleberry Finn was written by Mark Twain (Samuel Clemens) and published in 1885. This timeless novel unfolds in the Mississippi valley, probably in Mark Twain’s home state, Missouri. Huckleberry Finn is a fourteen year old curious boy who lived with the widow Ms. Douglas, and Ms.Watson. Both were very strict, especially Ms.Watson, but she had good reasons for it. Huck Finn was a clever boy, but he often found trouble. He loved freedom and especially being out in the nature. He did not like school, or authorities like Ms.Watson. Huck did one day sneak out in the dark to meet his best friend Tom Sawyer. Tom and Huck met Jo Harper and Ben Rogers, who where some of the boys that were hiding in the old cave. Tom and Huck promised the boys to keep the cave as a secret place. They joined together in Sawyers “criminal gang”. One night the inquisitive Huck finds some tracks in the snow. Huck understands that it’s his father. He runs down to judge Thatcher to secure his money. Huck told about the tracks from his father, because he wondered what his father was up to. Huck`s father wanted to get Huck away from Ms.Watson and Ms.Douglas, because he didn’t like that Huck was going to school. Nobody in the family had gone to school before. His father wanted money, and huck barrowed 3 dollar from Thatcher, which he gave to his father. The father spent the money on alcohol and where arrested as he often did. Judge Thatcher and Ms.Douglas tried to protect Huck from his violent father and went to lawsuit to take custody of Huck from his father. Unfortunately for them, there was a new judge. Judge Thatcher and Ms. Douglas failed succeed, because this new judge was more familiar to Huck’s father than them. The new judge took the father to his home, gave him food, clothes and took care of him. The father locked Huck inside a bungalow where he only was allowed to go out when he was hunting and fishing. Huck`s father got drunk every day and was beating up poor Huck. One day when Huck was fishing, he found a floating canoe on the river, and hided it behind some trees. Huck planned to escape, and plotted out a clever way to do so. Huck took a saw and found his way out, where murdered an innocent pig with rifle. He took the pig to the bungalow to flay it. He scattered blood all over the floor, and took an axe and some of his hair which he left in a corner of the bungalow. He then took a large bag and filled it with stones and dragged trough the forest and down to the river, where he tossed it into the water. It was easy to see that something had bin dragged down from the bungalow to the river. Huck found the canoe and paddled to Jackson’s Island where he met his “Nigger” friend, Jim. Jim had successfully escaped from Ms.Watson, who had planned to sell him in New Orleans. It doesn’t say anything about what Huck Finn thinks about the slavery, in all the first 16 chapters of the book. But it seemed to me like the white people fought they where better than the “niggers”. The white people repress the black and used them as slaves like they where animals. Huck really wants to help Jim get his freedom. But he has doubts, he is not shore if he’s doing the right thing. Does he want to risk his reputation and keep helping Jim, or follow the law and turn in Jim. Huck Finn and Jim became good friends on the Jackson’s Island. Jim was now Huck's first true friend. They had one comment desire: Freedom. Huck wants to free himself from his fathers violent behaviors, and be able to survive on his own. Jim seeks freedom from slavery. Together they believe they can fulfill their dreams. Huck and Jim found a cabin, but because of the rain, the cabin was taken by the river. Jim and Huck took some useful things from the house, and continued their journey. Later on their journey, Huck was curios to know if his father believed that he was dead. He dressed up as a girl, and went to the town. He went to a small cabin, where a woman who had recently moved to town lived. Huck said that his name was Sara Williams and that his mother was very ill and poor. He told about him and Jim, that he was killed and that Jim had escaped. Then the lady realizes that Huck is a boy, but promises to not tell a word to anyone. She said that if he needed help, he could write a letter to Mrs. Judith Loftus, which was her. Huck went back to Jim and now they had to escape Cairo, which they believe to be the country of freedom. I think that Huck Finn has a big heart dough he maybe hooligan at times. He loves to be free in the nature. He was very happy and relieved when he met Jim on Jackson’s Island, because he no longer had to be alone and he found a new good friend. I haven’t read the whole book yet, but I thought it seemed very exciting. I tried to read the book in English, but it was very difficult because the language has this difficult Missouri accent. So I read the Norwegian version. I really liked the part where Huck obscure his escape by killing a pig. Mark Twain has a fascinating imagination and he describes the environment in details which make me really imagine how the action take places in real life. This is a interesting book, it made me realise how great my life is and how lucky I am, in contrast to how Huck and Jim’s life was like. Legg inn din oppgave! Last opp stil
Some of the countries with the highest rates of high school graduation in the world are among the most developed in the globe. Some of the things that increase chances of high school graduation include the presence of well-established policies on education and strong economies translating to more resources for the education sector. Other factors include smaller populations, which equate to a low teacher to student ratio, as well as educations systems that keep learners in compulsory school for longer. Below is a selection of some of the countries with the highest high school graduation rates. Countries With the Highest Graduation Rates Japan has a population of around 127 million people, which makes it incredible that the country has a literacy rate of almost 100%. The country has an intense focus on education, which begins as soon as a child turns six. At the elementary and lower secondary school levels, the law states that it is mandatory for every child to attend school. Most children attend public schools although private schools are available, especially at the upper secondary and tertiary levels. Among OECD countries, Japanese students usually rank the highest in subjects like math, sciences, and reading literacy. The education sector in Japan is better than that of most countries in the OECD despite the country’s expenditure being below the OECD average. The economy of the country demands a workforce that has a high quality of education to run the highly technological and scientific economy. Historically, education has proven to be an important cog in the nation’s economy. For example, in the years after World War II, the recovery and meteoric rise of the country’s economy can be attributed to education. However, the education system has been the subject of many critics who perceive it as being too rigid and the source of too much pressure for students. South Korea South Korea’s system is standardized as much as, if not more, than Japan’s system above. Unlike Japan, both private and public schools receive financial aid from the government although public schools receive more funding. In fact, the country spends about 4.7% of its gross domestic product on education, which is around the OECD average spending. Among the OECD nations, South Korea also has some of the highest figures for sciences, math, and reading literacy, which translates to a high rate of literacy (about 99.9%). For example, a ranking on the performance of students in math and sciences in 2014 by the OECD, South Korea emerged second. Looking at high school life, it is evident that high school students work more than their counterparts do in other countries. As they move closer to graduation, these students study for longer hours in order to get sufficient grades for top universities. A typical schedule of a high school student starts at 5 am in the morning and spends the day in school until 4 pm. After that, students usually have a period of self-study (called Yaja) in the evening until 10 or 11 pm. After Yaja, they may even attend specialty schools until 2 am. The United Kingdom With a population of around 64 million people, about 99.9% of the youth aged at least 25 years in the UK have a secondary education. Every child is required by the law to attend primary and secondary school between the ages of 5 and 16. After that, education is optional and a student is free to advance their studies or go to a vocational school. For each of the countries making up the United Kingdom, education is a devolved matter. However, one of the things that explain the overall success of the countries is the high amount of expenditure that goes into education. In 2015/16, the countries had a combined spending of a whopping £83.4 billion ($106.6 billion) on all stages of education with high schools getting the biggest share at £38.2 billion ($48.8 billion). At some point in Armenia’s history, in the early stages of the 1960s, the country had a 100% literacy rate. The culture and the government places a high emphasis on education, which is why primary and secondary school education is completely free. In addition, the government has made it compulsory for everyone to complete high school. Unfortunately, this high rate of literacy has its drawbacks. Studies conducted by UNICEF show that there has been an increase in the number of school dropouts due to a low quality of education and child labor. The studies showed that the rates of school dropouts increased to 250% every year between 2002 and 2005. To put this into figures, about 1,531 students dropped out between 2002 and 2003 while a whopping 7,630 students dropped out between 2004 and 2005. Countries By High School Graduation Rates Rankï»¿CountryGraduation Rate (%) 1 South Korea99 2 Georgia96 3 Japan95 4 Croatia95 5 Ukraine95 6 United Kingdom94 7 Armenia93 8 Kazakhstan93 9 Slovakia93 10 Cyprus93 11 Sweden92 12 United States92 13 Greece92 14 Lithuania91 15 Czech Republic90
n = 4 120+60(n2)+120=360 n=4120 ^\circ + 60 ^\circ (n-2) + 120 ^\circ = 360 ^\circ \ \\ \ \\ n= 4 Showing 0 comments: 1st comment Be the first to comment! Tips to related online calculators Next similar math problems: 1. Equator around_globe Suppose that tourist went on foot over the Globe equator. How many meters more track made his hat on his head as the shoes on your feet? The radius of the earth is 6378 km and height of the tourist is 1.7 m. 2. Wheel diameter koleso_1 A 1m diameter wheel rolled along a 100m long track. How many times did it turn? 3. Mine 4. Flowerbed 5. Pipe trubka_ocel Steel pipe has a length 2.5 meters. About how many decimetres is 1/3 less than 4/8 of this steel pipe? 6. Trip pomarancovy-dzus On the trip drank 3/10 of pupils tea, 2/5 cola, 1/4 mineral water and remaining 3 juice. How many students were on the trip? 7. Coal mine 8. Well 9. Saw kotuc Imagine that the saw blade with diameter 40 cm has one tooth colored with a different color. How long is path describing by the tip of the tooth after 15 minutes, if the blade is rotated 13365 times? 10. Circle r,D 11. Circumference - a simple 12. Circular arc 13. The diameter circles The diameter of a circle is 4 feet. What is the circle's circumference? 14. Simple equation 6 eq1_9 Solve equation with one variable: X/2+X/3+X/4=X+4 15. Circle 16. President bush_president The country has 5.11 million citizens which 2.12 million are voters. Turnout was 34.4%. President R. F. was elected from 20 candidates for president and won with 38% of votes. Calculate what percentage of the country's citizens voted R.F. as president 17. Find the kruh Find the radius of the circular base of the vessel, whose perimeter is 2.51 m. Write the result to one decimal place in meters. Via the π sign - Ludolph's number
Need help breaking free from addiction? Call 24/7 for treatment options. Who Answers? Living with Adult ADHD There are many challenges someone must face in living with ADHD. Accepting the diagnosis itself is a good start and may be an initial stumbling block for many. Some adults have trouble facing the fact that they have ADHD and view the disorder as something terribly undesirable. Others are relieved to have a label and an explanation for the various unpleasant behaviors and symptoms they experience. Sometimes, spouses or close family members have difficulty accepting the ADHD diagnosis. They may wish to avoid it, though most eventually realize that this behavior does not resolve any of the problems. Others might feel relieved to have an explanation for their family member's difficult behavior. It is extremely important to remember that having ADHD does not eliminate an individual's personal responsibility for their behavior. Each individual must face his or her own limitations or make an effort to change them. Having a diagnosis to describe a cluster of symptoms can help, but the label itself does nothing to resolve the problems. Getting better requires active and continuous effort. Specific steps that a person can take to help manage their life in light of the new diagnosis include: • Learning techniques to control impulsive behavior • Minimizing distractions when trying to focus • Finding constructive outlets (e.g., scheduling regular physical exercise) for nervous energy and feelings of restlessness • Maintaining a sense of humor to avoid becoming discouraged or increasingly depressed • Avoiding, reducing, or eliminating alcohol or drug use altogether. This can create a mental state that is more conducive to learning and change. • Making a commitment to adhere to treatment recommendations (both medication and psychotherapy), finish tasks and improve organization • Enlisting a friend or family member to help finish tasks, remember important details and commitments. This person can also provide feedback which can help the individual manage the new demands and changes in his or her life. • Asking for help, when needed • Appreciating the support given by family and friends The Consequences of Untreated or Unrecognized ADHD ADHD can have a serious and long-lasting impact on a person's life. As a disorder for which there is no absolute cure, ADHD symptoms will never go away completely for most people. Learning to manage these symptoms effectively can provide an important key to feeling good about life. Untreated ADHD can run rampant through a person's life causing negative consequences in all life arenas. As discussed previously, adults with untreated ADHD are more likely to develop a substance use disorder as they use legal and illegal drugs to control their symptoms. In a similar vein, untreated ADHD can lead to impulsive behaviors that may cause adults to run afoul of the law. The best course of action for any adult with ADHD is to see a qualified professional to obtain an accurate diagnosis. Follow treatment recommendations closely and work towards making important life changes and behavioral improvements. Call the Helpline Toll-FREE To Get Treatment Options Now. Get Help For You or a Loved One Here... Click Here for More Info. 100% Confidential Get Treatment Options From Your Phone... Tap to Expand
If a changing magnetic field acts on an electrical conductor, an electric current is induced in the conductor, which in turn leads to a voltage when the circuit is open. The process is called electromagnetic induction. It determines the functional principle of many electrical devices: dynamo, transformer, electromagnetic oscillating circuit, induction cooker, eddy current brake etc. back to glossary +49 (0)7458 99931-0 Get an expert on the phone Write us what we can do for you Request a quotation You know exactly what you’re looking for
Air compressors are often used in conjunction with handheld tools in order to tackle projects that would be difficult to accomplish through manual labour alone. Examples can include impact wrenches within a garage and the air required to power a pneumatic pump. It should still be mentioned that different tools will require slightly different air compressor configurations. What factors will need to be taken into account in order to ensure that you have chosen the correct model for your requirements? PSI and CFM: What is the Importance? The power output of an air compressor (such as a hydrovane compressor or a standard reciprocating compressor) is measured in two ways: • PSI (pounds per square inch) • CFM (cubic feet per minute). Why are these two readings important? They will ultimately determine which tools can be used in tandem with the compressor. Each tool is equipped with its own recommended air pressure in order to function properly. Powering a tool below this threshold can result in issues with efficiency and some tools may even be damaged by pressures that are too low. This is why it is always necessary to select a compressor that is able to slightly exceed the airflow parameters of the tool itself by approximately 1.25 times. What if You are Using Multiple Tools at the Same Time? Air compressors are often used to power more than one tool at once. In this case, you will need to base the size of the compressor around the combined CFM of all the tools that are present. For instance, let's imagine that you will need to use these two tools: • A cut-off saw rated at 6 CFM • A grinder rated at 4 CFM. In this case, the size of the compressor should be able to provide at least 12.5 CFM of power. If you are curious to learn more about compressor size in relation to a specific tool, please take a moment to contact PMJ International. An expert will be glad to be of assistance.
The network operations center – an introduction If you provide critical services in which IT plays a key role, a network operations center (NOC) is a necessity. In this control room of your IT-management, all assets are continuously monitored. How does a NOC work and what does it take to operate one? A network operations center exists for organizations that depend on the permanent availability of highly complex IT infrastructure. The number of organizations that belong to this category is growing quickly, as IT steadily moves to the heart of organizations and their processes. These organizations simply cannot execute their core activities without IT and a IT infrastructure that ensures they can deliver their services across the globe, day and night. Incidents can lead to lost revenue and can result in losses, unfulfilled commitments and claims due to infrastructure failure. A peek inside a NOC Because of the risks described above, a NOC is absolutely crucial to day to day operations of complex, critical IT infrastructures. Knowing this is one thing, but actually building and operating a NOC is something else. How is a NOC set up? The layout of an NOC is comparable to that of an air traffic control system: a large room with screens on which, in the case of an NOC, networks are monitored by a team of operators. The space is designed for at least 4 things: 1. maximum focus by the operators, no distractions 2. a detailed understanding of the current status of the infrastructure 3. immediate attention for what is not going well 4. being able to respond to what may not go well (i.e. signaling possible issues before they actually occur) The NOC also has a proactive role making sure incidents are prevented before they have an impact. In addition, operators respond to incidents. They assist customers (or customers of customers) by telephone, create tickets, categorize notifications, resolve incidents and then contact the customer if necessary. If an operator is unable to resolve an incident, he or she engages engineers. This is called second-line support. Operators call in system or network engineers who remotely monitor the incident, or send in field engineers who solve the incident on the spot. While the engineers are busy fixing the issue at hand, the first-line NOC employee maintains contact with the customer. In order to work as efficiently as possible, standardization and automation are of great importance for a effective NOC. Standardized work descriptions are used to handle as many recurring or ‘common’ incidents as possible quickly and properly. Where possible, these actions are automated so that the NOC can operate more efficiently and keep focus on (preventing) incidents that occur less frequently. A NOC is therefore at the heart of an organization that is heavily dependent on IT for its primary processes. It is the place where incidents are solved or prevented and where the services of the organization are safeguarded. Remote NOC As you have probably realized by now, this type of intense monitoring involves quite an amount of effort on the part of an organization. The NOC must be at high alert at all times and needs to be staffed 24×7, even if the organization it does the monitoring for is only open during office hours. Medium-sized and larger organizations are therefore increasingly entrusting their NOC to a specialist party that has the necessary expertise and manpower to be on alert and solve incidents 365 days a year, 24 hours a day. There are both organizational and financial benefits to outsourcing a NOC, as we will discuss in upcoming blogs. For now, it is sufficient to know that outsourcing a NOC creates savings in terms of jobs, planning, training or administration. After all, a whole team is needed to occupy a “seat” in the NOC 24×7. Shifts, limited availability due to holidays, illness, training, acquiring sufficient knowledge and skills and other matters must be dealt with before a NOC can be operational 24×7, even if many processes are automated. A minimum of 5 to 6 people is needed on average to maintain a fully operational NOC. All in all, a NOC could be a considerable upfront investment in time and resources, even for larger organizations. As I already mentioned, outsourcing a NOC to specialized third parties will solve many of these problems. What’s important though is whether a third party can deliver their services white label, i.e. whether the NOC is able to ‘brand’ itself as the organizations whose IT infrastructures it monitors when an incident is reported by email or by phone. In this way, the NOC truly becomes an extension of the organization. Are you interested in how a NOC works, what the benefits of a NOC are and if your organization can benefit from or needs a NOC? Be sure to revisit our site the coming weeks and check our social channels, because in our next blog we will look more closely at the specific advantages of a NOC. John de Voogd Manager sales Quanza Vragen? Vragen! Schroom niet. Stuur ons een bericht en we nemen zo snel mogelijk contact met u op.
DEAR DOCTOR K: My vision has been getting worse, and I definitely need reading glasses. Is there any reason not to get the inexpensive ones sold at the drugstore? DEAR READER: If you’re over 40, reading glasses can be a necessity. Many people end up buying several pairs at the drugstore. They are inexpensive and available in a wide variety of styles. (Not to mention that reading glasses tend to be easily misplaced.) Why do we need reading glasses in the first place? We see when light rays enter our eyes. The eye’s lens bends and focuses the rays on the retina. This allows the eye to clearly focus on objects at different distances. As we age, the lens loses some of its flexibility. As a result, it becomes harder to focus on close objects — to read, sew or knit, for example. This is known as presbyopia, which translates to “elder vision.” It may seem strange that the words “elder vision” were used for a condition that typically starts in a person’s 40s (or earlier). However, when the term was first used, the average life expectancy of a person in the United States was less than age 50. You asked about off-the-rack reading glasses. These are essentially two magnifying lenses mounted in an eyeglass frame. Like prescription lenses, they provide varying degrees of magnification or refraction (how much they bend and focus light rays). The strength of reading glasses increases in increments of .25, usually ranging from plus-1.00 to plus-2.50. Drugstore reading glasses typically provide the same refraction for both eyes. That may be fine if you need the same refraction, but many people don’t. Another issue is that many people who need reading glasses for close vision also need glasses for distant vision. Drugstore reading glasses won’t do that. They also won’t correct for a common condition called astigmatism. Of greater concern is the possibility that your reading difficulties are caused not by simple presbyopia. The lens isn’t the only part of the eye that changes as we age. As you get older, your risk for developing other, more serious conditions also increases. These include cataracts, glaucoma and macular degeneration. That’s why I really urge people to get professional advice when they start having problems reading. You might get lucky and drugstore reading glasses may do the trick. But there’s a good chance that prescription glasses will give you better vision. Also, if you have a more serious eye condition, it will be caught and treated early through an eye exam. Finally, remember this: Once you’re older than 40, you should be having regular eye exams with an ophthalmologist even if you’re not having trouble reading. I recall a new patient who once came to me. He was nearly completely blind from glaucoma. He had used drugstore reading glasses for 20 years, until they no longer helped. When the real problem, glaucoma, was diagnosed, it had already caused permanent loss of vision. Regular eye exams are the cornerstone to good visual health, whether or not you need glasses. Read or Share this story:
SCOTUS Has Spoken: Kinda Sorta Direct Discharges Need A Permit Posted on May 1, 2020 by Theodore Garrett On April 23 the Supreme Court announced its decision in County of Maui v. Hawaii Wildlife Fund (No. 18-260), which addressed the fundamental issue of what is a discharge to navigable waters requiring a permit under the Clean Water Act. The case arose in the context of the County’s discharges of wastewater to wells that traveled through groundwater to the Pacific Ocean. Justice Breyer’s opinion for the Court held that a permit is needed when there is the “functional equivalent” of a direct discharge. The Court’s opinion in Maui reflects an effort to find a “middle ground” that avoids the consequences of an overly broad or overly narrow interpretation of the statute. But what is a “functional equivalent”? It’s kinda sorta like a direct discharge. Its meaning will evolve as applied in particular cases or, as characterized thusly in Justice Alito’s dissent: “That’s your problem. Muddle through as best you can.” But muddling through is problematic because affected industrial and municipal dischargers, subject to enforcement, need to know whether or not they need Clean Water Act permits. Unless or until more guidance is provided by EPA, the lower courts or Congress, affected parties will be left to wrestle with the Court’s new “functional equivalent” standard. The majority felt compelled to reach a “middle ground” because it found other positions too extreme. The court rejected the view of the County and the Solicitor General (as amicus) that discharges through groundwater should be excluded, stating that it would open a loophole allowing easy evasion of the statutory provision’s basic purposes (for example by locating a pipe a few yards from a surface water) and was not reasonable in light of the statute’s inclusion of “wells” in the “point source” definition. The Court also was not satisfied with the Ninth Circuit’s “fairly traceable” criterion, concluding that it might require permits in unexpected circumstances not readily foreseen, such as discharges that reach navigable waters many years after their release and in highly diluted forms. So when is a discharge “functionally equivalent”? Justice Breyer’s opinion states that time and distance will likely be the most important factors in most cases, but other relevant factors may include the nature of the material through which the pollutant travels and the extent to which the pollutant is diluted or chemically changed as it travels. How much time? How far? What underground material or dilution might defeat a permit requirement? The Court is not in a position to say because “there are too many potentially relevant factors applicable to factually different cases for this Court now to use more specific language.” Where does that leave us? The lower courts will need to wrestle with this issue and “provide additional guidance through decisions in individual cases” Justice Bryer states, referring to the “traditional common-law method" as useful even in an era of statutes. In the meantime, affected parties face uncertainty. In a dissent, Justice Thomas (joined by Justice Gorsuch) concludes that the statute excludes anything other than a direct discharge. Justice Thomas also states that the Court’s opinion “gives almost no guidance, save for a list of seven factors” but does not “commit to whether those factors are the only relevant ones, whether those factors are always relevant, or which factors are the most important.” Justice Alito also dissented, stating that the Court “makes up a rule that provides no clear guidance and invites arbitrary and inconsistent application.” One cannot be sanguine that Congress will address this issue. Interested parties will thus need to monitor how the lower courts and EPA apply the Supreme Court’s new “functional equivalent” standard. County of Maui Decided: Groundwater Discharges Require Permit . . . Sometimes Posted on April 27, 2020 by Rick Glick On April 23, in a 6-3 opinion, the U. S. Supreme Court decided one of the more closely followed environmental disputes of recent years. In County of Maui v. Hawaii Wildlife Fund, the issue was whether injecting municipal sewage effluent into groundwater, which then travels about half a mile before discharging to the ocean, requires a permit under the Clean Water Act (CWA). The Court found that it did. The purpose of the CWA is to “restore and maintain the chemical, physical and biological integrity of the Nation’s waters.” The principal tool for achieving this lofty goal is a permit system for discharges from “point sources”, meaning a “discrete conveyance.” The most obvious example of a regulated discharge is that from the end of a pipe directly to a navigable waterway. In the Maui case, the discharge passed through groundwater before entering the ocean, but data showed the ocean discharge contained the same pollutants as were pumped underground. Is such a discharge “from” the point source, i.e. municipal treatment plant, or from the groundwater? Writing for the majority, Justice Breyer announced a new test for deciding such a case. A permit is required for a point source discharge or the “functional equivalent.” That is, a direct discharge and a discharge through groundwater are functionally equivalent when “the discharge reaches the same result through roughly similar means.” He likened the situation to a recipe that calls for adding drippings from the meat into the gravy; no one would question that “from” in that context includes conveyance through a pan or cutting board. The majority rejected arguments from the County, EPA and Justices Alito and Thomas in dissenting opinions, that there should be a bright line test—no discharges through groundwater should ever be subject to federal regulation. Justice Breyer reasoned that approach would create gaping “loopholes” that would prevent attainment of the CWA’s conservation goals. For example, a facility could terminate a discharge pipe on the beach a few feet from the navigable receiving water, and then maintain that a permit is not necessary because the pollutants came from the soils between the pipe and waterway. Justice Breyer acknowledged that functional equivalence will not always be easy to discern, as groundwater always eventually finds its way to navigable waters. There will be times when the presence of pollutants in navigable waters is too attenuated from the discharge to justify a permit. In Maui’s situation, the injected pollutants had to travel about half a mile to the ocean. What if they had to travel 250 miles and did not emerge in the receiving waters for 100 years? The majority is content to allow future courts and agencies to refine the new test. This decision, and the unwillingness to adopt an easy to apply test, reflects a recognition by the Court of the complexities that underlie jurisdictional determinations under the CWA. As noted here, the Trump Administration’s attempt at rewriting the definition of “waters of the United States,” which is the basis for CWA jurisdiction, goes the other direction. The proposed WOTUS rule seeks to establish a simple definition based on observable, running water. In doing so it follows Justice Scalia’s plurality opinion in the Rapanos case and rejects Justice Kennedy’s “significant nexus” test. The latter is nuanced and involves professional judgment about the interconnectedness of natural systems. The Maui Court’s “functional equivalent” test is of a kind with “significant nexus” in its focus on achieving the purpose of the CWA. While the Court’s decision is sensible and promotes science-based jurisdictional determinations, it leaves a great deal of uncertainty in place. The Court expects, and we can too, that there will be many cases and administrative processes considering when discharges to groundwater require permits. Channeling Scalia: Does the Clean Water Act Regulate Indirect Discharges “to” Navigable Waters Via Groundwater? Posted on December 11, 2018 by Patrick A. Parenteau On December 4 the Supreme Court signaled its interest in this question when it requested the views of the Solicitor General on whether to grant review in two pending petitions for certiorari. In County of Maui v. Hawai'i Wildlife Fund, the Ninth Circuit held that wastewater injection wells are point sources requiring NPDES permits because the “pollutants are fairly traceable from the point source to a navigable water such that the discharge is the functional equivalent of a discharge into the navigable water.” In Kinder Morgan Energy Partners LP v. Upstate Forever the Fourth Circuit held that gasoline from a ruptured underground pipeline that was seeping into a nearby waterway was subject to the CWA due to a "direct hydrological connection." By contrast the Sixth Circuit as well as a different panel of the Fourth Circuit have ruled that leachate from coal ash pits that is polluting rivers and lakes is not a “discharge from a point source” requiring a permit under the CWA. Though a majority of the thirty-odd decisions on this issue have found in favor of CWA jurisidiction, there is a definite split among the lower courts as described in a handy chart and accompanying article published by Greenwire. In looking over the decisons it appears that the “conduit” theory, evaluating time and distance between the source of the pollutants and the receiving water, and often supported by a dye test, is perhaps the most defensible methodology for asserting jurisdiction over discharges to “tributary groundwater.” Meanwhile EPA is pondering whether to change its longstanding position, reiterated in the Clean Water Rule (aka WOTUS), that the CWA does cover, on a case-by-case basis, point source discharges to groundwater that are directly connected to navigable waters. Back in February EPA published a request for comment in the Federal Register on “whether pollutant discharges from point sources that reach jurisdictional surface waters via groundwater or other subsurface flow that has a direct hydrologic connection to the jurisdictional surface water may be subject to CWA regulation.” The comment period closed in May and since then there has been no futher announcement. The SG’s response is due January 4, which is an unusually short turnaround time that indicates four Justices may be in favor of granting one or both of the petitions in time for argument this term. The SG could cite EPA’s ongoing review with the prospect of a new policy statement or rulemaking as a reason to deny review at this time, but it is unlikley the Court would accede to that. This issue has been kicking around for decades; it has generated a good deal of confusion among the lower courts and conflicting rulings not only among but within the Circuits; it adds to the uncertainty and controversy that plagues the implementation of the CWA; and it has significant economic and environmental implications. Awaiting further word from EPA is unlikely to clarify or resolve any of this. Nor is a re-interpretation of the statute by the current EPA likely to garner much deference from a Court that has shown signs of cutting back on the scope of the Chevron doctrine. That leaves the question how should the Court resolve the issue. In the Maui case the Ninth Circuit relied fairly heavily on Justice Scalia’s plurality opinion in Rapanos in which he recognized the CWA does not forbid the addition of any pollutant directly to navigable waters from any point source, ” but rather the “addition of any pollutant to navigable waters.” (547 U.S. 715, 743 (2006)) Though Rapanos was a splintered decision on many points there was no disagreement with Scalia’s view that the text of the statute clearly encompassed an indirect discharge that simply “washes into” navigable waters. Whether that view prevails this time around is of course unknown. Any rule this Court would adopt would have to be narrowly tailored to situations where the source of the pollutant was clearly a “discrete conveyance” and the evidence of a direct hydrological connection to navigable water was convincing. But assuming those predicates were proven it would be hard to justify on either scientific or policy grounds excluding such discharges from the ambit of the permit program. Indeed it would create a pollution loophole that no other existing regulatory program --federal or state--would adequately fill.
Oil, avocado Fun Facts 1. Avocados are the size of a baby in its mother’s womb at 16 weeks. They’re also a good snack to feed to babies young and old! 2. There are 10 grams of fiber in one medium-sized avocado. There are two grams of fiber in one serving, which is one-fifth of a medium avocado. It contains both insoluble and soluble fiber. 3. Their thick skin protects them; it’s natural packaging! You can’t eat the skin, but it shields the green goodness inside, making avocados perfect for travel. 4. Avocados are one of the only fruits that contain heart-healthy monounsaturated fat (the good-for-you fat) that helps boost good (HDL) cholesterol and lowers bad (LDL) cholesterol. 5. Avocados are naturally FULL of nutrition, so there’s no need for special labels. They’re full of flavor; think of all of the meals you can healthify with avocado! Calories: ,
Anasayfa \| Künye \| Haberler \| İletişim Karadeniz Araştırmaları Merkezi Hızlı Erişim Bu Dergi DOI ve Crosscheck üyesidir The Factors Determining the Ukrainian Foreign Policy After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Ukraine appeared for the first rune as an independent state and as a result of this, tried to forge for itself a foreign policy. White trying to build an independent policy, Ukraine had take into consideration especially Russia, because of historic, geographical and economic reasons. When Ukraine tried to reduce Russia's influence over Ukraine, it tried to align its policies with the policies of countries or organizations perceived as alternatives to Russia. In this context, relations with organizations like NATO or the European Union, or the states like the USA had great importance for Ukraine who also tried to get closer with ancient soviet republics willing to stay away from Russia for almost the same reasons. But every tune Ukraine tried to distance itself from Russia, the latter had Ukraine, Russia, European Union, Ukraine's foreign policy. Gelişmiş Arama Karadeniz Araştırmaları "65. Sayı" yayınlandı Karadeniz Araştırmaları 65. sayı yayınlandı Dergimizin Yayın İlkeleri Değişmiştir Telefon :05446926258 Faks : Eposta :karadenizarastirmalari@gmail.com
Big Mac Index The Big Mac Index is published by the Economist and is used to demonstrate the idea of Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) and is a method of showing whether a currency is under or overvalued in relation to the US Dollar. The theory behind PPP is that all currencies should be equal, not in nominal terms, but in purchasing terms. So I should be able to purchase a good in the UK using Pound Sterling for the same price as if I were to change my money into Euros and purchase the exact same good in France (ignoring transaction costs). Why is this? If the pound was strong (meaning I could buy more foreign currency for my pound than previously, for example in January £1 = $1.20 and in February £1 = $1.30 the pound has strengthened) then it would be cheaper for me to purchase the good in France than it would be for me to do so in the UK. Economic theory says that if this is the case then everyone in the UK will purchase this good from France, as oppose to Britain, and hence demand for euros will increase whilst supply for Sterling would fall, ceteris paribus. The pound would continue to weaken until it costs me the same to purchase the good in the UK than it does to purchase it in France. This holds true for the reverse, if I lived in France. Organisations like the IMF attempt to calculate the PPP of a country by creating a basket of goods and working out how much it costs to purchase it in the respective currency. This can then be analysed against the official currency value to determine if a county’s currency is under/over valued. The problem with this however, is that it is rather difficult to find a basket of goods which is equal in all countries. Most countries don’t have exactly the same products (due to availability and cultural taste) which is why the Economist decided to use the Big Mac (new Indexes have been created using the Starbucks Latte). This is due to its universality (it is available in most countries), it is made with exactly the same specifications (therefore costs do not vary in different countries) and data is available on its price (price also doesn’t fluctuate between different regions). However it should be noted that in India beef isn’t used due to religious practises, instead chicken is used. This method however isn’t fool-proof, in different countries varying tax regimes may alter the prices, in some countries eating at a fast-food restaurant is considered expensive and so demand may be lower than in Western countries. Also the PPP theory shows that all goods should equal the same price, providing they can be traded. It isn’t possible to purchase a Big Mac from India if you are living in the UK! And therefore there is no reason for the price of a Big Mac to be equal in different countries. Why might a currency be over/under valued? The PPP theory shows that all goods which are tradeable should equal the same price. The demand and supply of currency results in the currency being set so that it costs the same to buy a good in one country as it does in the other. This isn’t the case(as we can see from the Big Mac Index example below). The main reason for this is because of hot money. Hot money, is money which flows into a currency in order to take advantage of a countries interest rates in order to make money, and can be considered a currency distortion. Currently the UKs interest rate is at 0.5%, therefore investors in Britain are getting a poor deal. They may see that in another country (lets call it Econistan) the interest rates are much higher (10%) and transfer their money from the UK to Econistan to take advantage of this 10% interest rate. In order to transfer there money they have to purchase Econ’s (Econistan’s made-up currency), which increases the demand for Econ’s, and since they are selling Sterling to purchase Econ’s the supply of Sterling will rise. The resulting affect of these changes in demand and supply mean that Sterling will weaken and Econ will strengthen. This occurs despite the price of goods in the UK and Econ. Because Econ now has a stronger currency (due to the flow of hot money), the price of its goods may now be overvalued. That is, I could purchase more Big Macs in the UK than I could do in Econ, as the currency is too expensive (because of this hot money). To conclude, the reason that currencies valued correctly is mainly due to the affect of hot money, which distorts it and means it doesn’t hold true to what PPP theory dictates. Below is a Big Mac Index from 26th July 2012: Source: The Economist Leave a Reply
The Online Encyclopedia and Dictionary Mortality rate Mortality rate is the annual number of deaths per 1000 people. One distinguishes 1. The crude death rate, the total annual number of deaths per 1000 people. 2. The infant mortality rate, the annual number of deaths of children less than 1 year old per thousand live births. Note that the crude death rate as defined above and applied to a whole population can give a misleading impression. For example, the number of deaths per 1000 people can be higher for developed nations than in less-developed countries, despite standards of health being better in developed countries. This is because developed countries have relatively more older people, who are more likely to die in a given year, so that the overall mortality rate can be higher even if the mortality rate at any given age is lower. A more complete picture of mortality is given by a life table which summarises mortality separately at each age. A life table is necessary to give a good estimate of life expectancy. The ten countries with the highest infant mortality rate are: 1. Angola 192.50 2. Afghanistan 165.96 3. Sierra Leone 145.24 4. Mozambique 137.08 5. Liberia 130.51 6. Niger 122.66 7. Somalia 118.52 8. Mali 117.99 9. Tajikistan 112.10 10. Guinea-Bissau 108.72 Source CIA World Factbook 2004 See also
1. Topic- Volcanoes and When They Get Mad 2. Content- Volcanic eruptions; erupted materials Key vocabulary: lava, magma, vent, crust, conduit, base, ash cloud 3. Goals: Aims/Outcomes- The goal of this lesson is to further students' knowledge about volcanoes, what happens when they erupt, and the material inside volcanoes. 4. Objectives- 1. Students will be able to identify the main parts of a volcano. 2. Students will develop an understanding of how lava cools and hardens. 5. Materials and Aids- Textbooks; "Identify Parts of a Volcano" worksheets; chocolate; marshmallows; microwave; microwaveable containers; plastic bowls; spoons; refrigerator 6. Procedures/Methods- A. Introduction- The teacher will engage students by reviewing what they have learned about volcanoes. The class will discuss the parts of a volcano and what they know about volcanic eruptions. B. Development- The teacher will show a short video on volcanoes. The students will see examples of volcanoes erupting, lava lakes, and how lava flows. The teacher will explain that today's lesson is going to focus on what happens after a volcano erupts and how lava hardens when it cools. The teacher will demonstrate the main activity that the students will be completing. The teacher will also explain directions and assignment guidelines during this time. C. Practice- Students will work in groups of 4-5 in order to complete the activity. They will be given an upside-down plastic bowl set in an aluminum tray, and marshmallows. The students will place the marshmallows on and around the bowl to represent rocks. The teacher will melt chocolate in a container for each group of students. The students will be given the container once it has cooled enough so that they can pour the chocolate over the upside-down bowl to simulate the flow of lava. Once they have completed this, their trays will be placed in the refrigerator. D. Independent Practice- Students will complete a worksheet in which they identify the parts of a volcano (vent, lava, conduit, magma, crust, base, ash cloud.) They will color the picture of the volcano based on what they know about each element. E. Accommodations (Differentiated Instruction)- Students will work in groups and will be grouped according to ability so that each group has one or more advanced students that can assist struggling students or students with special needs. Students with special needs will also be given a word bank with their worksheet to help them in identifying the parts of the volcano. During the summative assessment, students with special needs will be given questions to answer with 1-3 sentences (depending on ability) rather than completing an entry in their science journal. F. Checking for understanding- Once the trays have cooled in the refrigerator, they will be given back to the groups for the students to inspect. The teacher will ask the students questions about what they observed, how the chocolate was similar to the lava, and how the chocolate changed forms from the beginning of the activity to the end. G. Closure- The teacher will show a short video that provides students with examples of hardened lava. After the video, the class will discuss how the process and end result was similar to the activity they did with chocolate and marshmallows. Once the activity/lesson is complete, each group will be allowed to break their chocolate-marshmallow bark into pieces so that they can eat it. 7. Evaluation- Students' understanding will be assessed through writing. They will complete an entry in their science journals discussing the activity. They will be asked to write about two new pieces of information that they learned, what they found the most interesting, and to give a brief explanation of why the chocolate and marshmallows were used to simulate the lava and rock that spews from a volcanic eruption. This Lesson Plan is available at (www.teacherjet.com)
Zhou Enlai Zhou Enlai (1898-1976) was a Chinese communist revolutionary and political leader. He served as premier and foreign minister in the People’s Republic of China, and was the country’s second most influential figure after Mao Zedong. zhou enlai Born in eastern China to a family of scholars and bureaucrats, Zhou received a modern education in Shenyang. He studied the literature of Chinese reformers and became interested in Marxism in his late teens. In 1919, Zhou participated in the May 4th Movement, a wave of student demonstrations that formed a popular base for Chinese communism. Zhou continued his involvement in left-wing groups, leading to his arrest in 1920. He joined the Chinese Communist Party, spent time in Europe and worked as a commissar at the Huangpu Military Academy. Zhou Enlai participated in the Long March of 1934, later emerging as a significant party leader alongside Mao Zedong. He also served as a military tactician during the Chinese Civil War. Zhou became premier of China after the communist victory in 1949. A skilled negotiator and a political realist, Zhou proved an ideal counterbalance to the more passionate and impulsive Mao. While Mao attempted radical socialist reforms to Chinese economy and society, Zhou handled matters of foreign policy, formulating responses to the Korean War, Sino-Soviet affairs and Chinese relations with the West. It was Zhou who encouraged rapprochement with Americans in the early 1970s, arranging visits to China by US Secretary of State Henry Kissinger and President Richard Nixon. Zhou also initiated better relations with China’s other Cold War rivals, including Japan, West Germany, Italy, Canada and Australia. By the mid-1970s, Zhou had fallen foul of Mao Zedong, due to differences over the Cultural Revolution. Zhou died of cancer in January 1976. According to some accounts Zhou’s cancer was diagnosed as early as 1972 but Mao ordered the test results be concealed from Zhou and his family. While Mao was apparently glad to have him out of the way, Zhou was widely mourned by the Chinese people. Despite government bans around two million people gathered in Tiananmen Square, Beijing to mourn Zhou’s death. Citation information Title: “Zhou Enlai” Authors: Jennifer Llewellyn, Steve Thompson Publisher: Alpha History URL: https://alphahistory.com/coldwar/zhou-enlai/ Date published: October 27, 2018 Date accessed: May 28, 2020
Like most homeowners, you probably worry about the safety of your family. No doubt you already have a safety plan in place for events like earthquakes or other natural disasters. While earthquakes can be harder to predict, there are some emergencies that you can plan for. The following list gives you an idea of what these types of emergencies are and the type of detectors you should have in your house to lesson the dangers that come from these occurrences. CO2 Detectors The rules for a carbon monoxide detector are the same for a smoke detector. According to Mr. Electric, at a minimum, you should put at least put one CO detector on each floor, right outside each bedroom or sleeping area. That being said, if your home has forced air heating, then you should put a detector in each room because a carbon monoxide leak from the furnace can affect an individual room, without triggering other detectors on the floor. Carbon monoxide detectors do not detect carbon dioxide or CO2. If you also need a CO2 detector, you can add one alongside your CO detector for added safety. You should maintain your carbon monoxide tester as you would a smoke detector. If your detectors are not wired into your home’s main power system, then you’ll want to change the battery every six months or so. This rule goes for all safety detectors in your home. Smoke Detectors According to JEM Security, smoke alarms should be located outside every sleep area, on every floor of the house including the basement, and any room where the doors are typically shut. You also want to make sure that they are located some distance from the kitchen. Aside from giving you better coverage for the rest of the house, it also prevents you from inadvertently setting off the alarm when you are cooking. A good rule of thumb is to place the smoke detector at least 10 feet away from any cooking area. If you do accidentally set off the smoke detector, a hairdryer can help. Just point the nozzle toward the smoke detector. The air from the dryer will blow the smoke away from the detector and stop the noise. Heat Detectors A heat detector gives you a different kind of coverage than a smoke detector does, although both are intended to keep you safe from fire. According to Difference Between, the difference is that a heat detector recognizes when the heat in an area gets too high. You would use these in rooms where there’s a lot of dust, humidity, or steam. They work well in places that are used more infrequently, like an outside storage unit in your backyard. Having safety detectors in your home gives you peace of mind. These devices alert you of various dangers that might be present in your home, including smoke and CO. Taking the time to change the batteries on these detectors and vacuuming them with a soft brush each month ensures that they’ll be up and running should an emergency strike. In order for your home to be safe, you also need to make sure you have a solid roof. Let us help you!
Incredible and fun facts to explore Mind Blowing Lung Tissue Facts Every Person Should Know Following is our collection of super amazing and curious facts and details explaining Lung Tissue. This list is intended for research in school, for college students or just to feed your brain with. Possible use cases are in quizzes, differences, homework facts legend, cover facts, and many more. But nevertheless learn why is Lung Tissue so important! lung tissue facts What is Lung Tissue about? Top 10 Lung Tissue facts that will blow your mind. 1. Menstrual stem cells (found in period blood) could be used to create more tissue types than other adult stem cells, including bone, blood vessel, fat, brain, lung, liver, pancreas, & heart. They grow more readily & rapidly than other types of adult stem cells from bone marrow & umbilical cords. 2. The "Kentucky meat shower" was an incident in 1876 where flakes of red meat (identified as lung tissue from horse or human infant) fell from the sky for several minutes. Theories include vulture vomit or a type of bacteria called nostoc. 3. In 2000, the Pyrenean Ibex went extinct. 3 years later scientists tried to clone the animal, using tissue taken from the ear of an ibex in 1999. It was born alive, but died after a few minutes due to a defect in it's lungs. 4. The Kentucky Meat Shower' was an incident that occurred in Bath County on March 3, 1876 where bits of lung tissue, cartilage and muscle fell from the sky over several minutes. Nine days later, on March 12, 1876, red "corpuscles" with a "vegetable" appearance fell over London. 5. For several minutes in Bath County, Kentucky on March 3rd, 1876, pieces of meat, appearing to be beef rained down on the town. The meat was later identified as either lung tissue from a horse or a human infant. 6. In 2005 scientists were able to reconstruct the virus that caused the 1918 influenza pandemic which killed 20-50 million people worldwide. They used preserved lung tissue samples taken from two soldiers and an Alaskan person buried in permafrost who all died from influenza in 1918. 7. Tuberculosis can spread to other tissues besides your lungs. It can even infect your spine and destroy your intervertebral cartilage, a condition known as Pott's disease. 8. The Kentucky Meat shower, where a small pieces of flesh fell from the sky. The meat was first thought to be beef or bear meat, but was it later discovered to be lung tissue and cartilage from a horse, or possibly an infant. 9. Lung epithelial Club cells were originally called Clara cells after discoverer Max Clara, but was later changed due to him being an active member of the Nazi Party who used tissue samples taken from executed victims of the Third Reich. 10. Marfan syndrome is a genetic disorder of the connective tissue. The degree to which people are affected varies. People with Marfan tend to be tall and thin, with long arms, legs, fingers and toes.Other commonly affected areas include the lungs, eyes, bones and the covering of the spinal cord.
How to Donate Your Body in the US Admin CuratorBlog Have you thought about life after death? How about the body you are going to leave behind when you die? Does it even matter to think about it now while you are still alive? The truth is, there are many things you can do with your body after you give your last breath. One of these is to donate your body to science for research and scientific advancement. You can be an organ donor or donate your whole body. So, you finally decided to donate your body and the question lies as to how will the process go about? How do you consent to body donation? Consent is essential and necessary in body donation. When you do donate, it is also important to inform your significant others to avoid future confusion about your final wishes. A donor can give consent in a variety of ways. One, consent can be done by filling up a consent form provided by a given research institution or medical school. Two, consent can be executed in writing. Option number three is to verbally express that you will be donating your body in the presence of at least two witnesses. How do you donate your body to research? UW-Madison medical students dissect cadavers. Many medical schools accept a person’s body as a donation after he or she dies, including the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health and the Medical College of Wisconsin. – State Journal Archives Cadavers or the dead bodies are being used for research by medical schools and research institutions in the U.S. and these institutes rely on the substantial donations of the American people. Body donation is regulated by state so if you consider body donation, you should explore which research institutions and medical centers are in your place. Who is not eligible for donation? Most institutions have guidelines for accepting bodies for donation. You must be qualified to be accepted. The truth is, even if you are willing to donate your dead body, there’s a chance that you’d be refused. Generally, bodies with communicable diseases like the ones positive for HIV/AIDS, Hepatitis A, B, and C, and history of illegal use of drugs will be disqualified. BMI (Body Mass Index) or the measure of body fat based on height and weight is also being considered. The process of embalming adds even more weight to the cadaver, so the donation programs may not accept bodies with high BMI as they cannot handle the weight of the donor after the embalming procedure. In addition, these are list of reasons for non-acceptance of the body: • Major traumatic injuries like burns • Unhealed incisions from recent surgeries • Severe emaciation due to cancer • Ruptured aortic aneurysm • Lack of available space/ storage for cadavers Where to donate? In the U.S., you have the liberty to donate your body directly to the research institution or medical school of your choice, or to a third-party organization as there are many private body donation programs available. The advantage of donating through a third-party is the assurance that your body will be donated to an institution after your death. Otherwise, while you have a chosen organization, at the time of your death, that establishment may not be able to house your donated body, though this is the popular option. How to donate to a body farm? A Body Farm is a research facility where body decomposition can be studied in a variation of setting. These research centers are the front lines of forensic research. The goal is to have better understanding of the decomposition process. The bodies are exposed in several different ways to provide insights into decomposition under a variety of condition. These bodies are studied by students but are also used in the training of law enforcement officers in scene-of-crime skills. Want to donate an organ? The idea of donating your entire body is a challenge to you but still wish to make something good out of your dead body. You thought of donating some parts of it and that’s how organ donation comes in. The need for organ donations is on demand. Donated organs are given to people whose organs are dysfunctional or failing and require a transplant to survive. One organ donor can save up to 8 lives and improve quality of life by up to 75. A kidney transplant can dramatically change a person’s life. Imagine a person spending more time with family rather than being on dialysis countless times. Organs that are most needed are kidneys, livers, and hearts. Share this Post
New metamaterial can differentiate between various sounds similar to how our brains choose what to hear 08/18/2015 - 14:32 Duke University engineers have invented a device that emulates the “cocktail party effect” — the remarkable ability of the brain to home in on a single voice in a room with voices coming from multiple directions. The device uses plastic metamaterials — the combination of natural materials in repeating patterns to achieve unnatural properties — to determine the direction of a sound and extract it from the surrounding background noise. “We think this could improve the performance of voice-activated devices like smartphones and game consoles while also reducing the complexity of the system,” said Abel Xie, a PhD student in electrical and computer engineering at Duke and lead author of the paper. Single-sensor “cocktail party listening” with acoustic metamaterials. PNAS (2015) \| DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1502276112
Files buffers However, most Java programs run on Intel processors, which are Little-Endian. You can go to any place you jumped from with the Ctrl-O and Ctrl-I command normal mode. Now, after running the above command which has worked for Win7 and earlier, the committed and cached memory values do not change. Thread Safety ByteBuffer thread safety is explicitly covered in the Buffer JavaDoc; the short version is that buffers are not thread-safe. It covers the proto2 version of the protocol buffers language: Any insight would be welcome, Thx. Most of the time there's no reason to differentiate, but the latter class has two methods that some programs may find useful: A ByteBuffer can be created in one of two ways: This will prevent accidental writes, but more importantly, it means that the file won't count against the program's commit charge. The other form for these functions is: For historical reasons, repeated fields of scalar numeric types aren't encoded as efficiently as they could be. You can also put abbreviation and mapping commands in your. Which in turn means that you need to create multiple buffers to work with large files. Google is Being Weird Click the Link Below to Go to Beware Endianness In Gulliver's Travelsthe two societies of Lilliputians break their eggs from different ends, and that minor difference has led to eternal strife. Read-Only versus Read-Write Mappings Few programmers think about what happens to their files when the power goes out. These devices are able to receive information from the machine at rates up to times as fast as an electric typewriter can be operated. The buffers are numbered as they are created and can be viewed in a list using: Defining A Message Type First let's look at a very simple example. If you have a multi-gigabyte file and bounce from one spot to another, then you'll constantly wait for pages to be read from disk. Interconnecting two digital circuits operating at different rates, Holding data for later use, Allowing timing corrections to be made on a data streamCollecting binary data bits into groups that can then be operated on as a unit, Delaying the transit time of a signal in order to allow other operations to occur. Vi has two modes insertion mode and command mode. The editor begins in command mode, where the cursor movement and text deletion and pasting occur. The TRANSMIT_FILE_BUFFERS structure specifies data to be transmitted before and after file data during a TransmitFile function file transfer operation. Stream buffer to read from and write to files. Constructed without association, these objects are associated to a file by calling member open. How to clear Windows 10 memory cache and buffers? Once open, all input/output operations performed on the object are reflected in the associated file. @gmansalo absolutely nailed this ombré set on todays Nail Vlog you have to go to our YouTube channel and see how these beauties were created. Editing makes changes to the buffer. To save a file, the original file is replaced by writing the buffer to disk. The:new command creates a new window displaying the contents of a new (empty) buffer. To list all buffers use the:ls command. Each buffer is assigned a number that is displayed in the first column. Home > Files & Buffers > Creative Nail Design Files & Buffers. Creative Nail Design Files & Buffers. Displaying products 1 - 12 of 12 results: Show: Sort: Creative Nail Design Smoothie File - Each. Files buffers Rated 4/5 based on 21 review
6th grade research papers Write the final draft. research paper outline While teachers will assign a general subject area to choose from, such as historical figures or events, the student must pick the final topic. Magazines, journals and similar periodicals are also appropriate. If writing a quote or mentioning statistics, write the page number or location of the data on the card. If the information is a phrase, sentence, or paragraph, then you should also put it in quotation marks. Don t have authors encyclopedias, movies should each student. 6th grade research paper topics Wide web url uniform resource shows parallelism. Is it a national trait or a social construct? Sample outline two class on english language arts growth over time. Among students privacy policy paper outline. Create a works cited page. Page number s 6th grade research paper examples scientists that an jumping board. Gt sol objectives using the discussion board to formatting a research term. Review how to digital, start a 6th point. Reference Citation Format. Eight sessions over the next. Pick a topic. Each paragraph should have one main point and some support of the point. Print Key Info As you do your research, follow your background research plan and take notes from your sources of information. Up with multiple scientists that suggestions for yourself opening. Do not copy another person's work and call it your own. Stevenson, rhoda you have a final grade words correctly. Most teachers want a research paper to have these sections, in order: Title page with the title of your project, your name, and the date Your report Bibliography Check with your teacher for additional requirements such as page numbers and a table of contents Overview Year after year, students find that the report called the research paper is the part of the science fair project where they learn the most. Past to put together basketball, you may, revising, and connects. 6th grade research paper lesson plans According to improve the activity for fair. Easier to prepare your interests to more information is sustained. Each card contains the source at the top, with key points listed or quoted underneath. 6th grade research paper rubric Careful thought, grades, 7th grade science. It is OK to copy such information as long as you reference it with a citation. The introduction should give a brief description of the content within the paper and a strong statement about the topic. Number cards in sources to keep track of information. Place the reference citation at the end of the sentence but before the final period. Notes given specific feedback on report s and cultures developing. Put any citation information, such as book title, author, date published or website address on the first card or page of notes. Better grade friction research paper. For example, if researching an event, write the information according to the times different parts of the event took place. Connects past to leave comment about a 6th icon productions, cd. Web url uniform resource locator or review how career readiness before spring. Handbook for yourself english. Board to prepare your paper, but concept paper each. The sources should be in alphabetical order and should contain all of the information about the sources, such as author name, publishing dates and titles. Organizer required develop separate sheet of science citations, shows parallelism. If you can obtain this information, your project will be more successful. A typical organization might look like this: Your science fair project question or topic Definitions of all important words, concepts, and equations that describe your experiment The history of similar experiments Answers to your background research questions When and How to Footnote or Reference Sources When you write your research paper you might want to copy words, pictures, diagrams, or ideas from one of your sources. Rated 8/10 based on 66 review 6th grade research paper examples
Electric Cars ‘Zap’ Rising Gas Prices Electric Cars ‘Zap’ Rising Gas Prices Source: Flickr Tired of paying more and more for gas? Fuel prices this year have been at the highest levels in 25 years, and with world demand for oil higher than ever, they most likely won’t decrease any time soon. According to Zap, a publicly owned company based in California that manufactures an array of electric vehicles, one of the best ways to beat rising gas prices is to buy and drive an electric car. Gas cars use about 10 cents’ worth of fuel for every mile, whereas electric cars use only 3 cents’ worth. That means an electric car can travel three times as far as a gasoline car for the same money. Other Zap vehicles, like its electric bicycles, use about a penny’s worth of gas for every five miles and achieve an average fuel efficiency of more than 1,000 miles per gallon. Driving an electric car is not only good for your pocketbook, it is good for the environment. Electric cars emit 98 percent less pollution than gas cars, even after accounting for power-plant emissions. This can help reduce greenhouse gas emissions, which scientists say contribute to global warming and climate change. Electric vehicles start as low as $300 for an electric bike or scooter and $5,000 for an electric car. Zap also is beginning to market “smart” cars, which are some of the smallest and most fuel-efficient gas cars available. While small cars seem to have become an endangered species in the U.S., Zap is aiming to bring them back into vogue, which can help reduce gas prices and air pollution. Whether you get an electric vehicle or keep your gas car, one of the easiest things you can do is slow down. The faster you drive, the more fuel your car consumes per mile. If you drive at 70 mph instead of 55 mph, you’ll reduce your car’s fuel economy by 17 percent.
Theistic evolution From Conservapedia Jump to: navigation, search Evolutionary creationists believe that God used the process of evolution to create human beings. In October 1996, Pope John Paul II referred in an address[8] to the Pontifical Academy of Science to "theories of evolution" that could be "more than a hypothesis" which led many to conclude that evolution and Catholicism are compatible. However, the Magisterial Teaching Authority of the Church as explained by several Papal Encyclicals, most notably Humani Generis[6] (promulgated by the Church in 1950) fall short of accepting any form of evolutionism in official Church teaching. The Roman Catholic Church officially teaches that God created all things ex nihilo (out of nothing) by His Word. The Catholic Church teaches that evolutionary theories are only acceptable if they admit the providence of God in creation (through evolution or otherwise) and that God is the origin of all creation. The Catholic Church also specifies that regardless of the origin of man, God endowed them at a definite point with an immortal soul made in God's image. However, many liberal theologians have advanced a heretical form of theistic evolutionism known as Modernism, which was condemned by the Church in several Papal Encyclicals, most notably Pascendi Dominici Gregis [7] promulgated by Pope St. Pius X in 1907. That God is the origin and designer of Creation and a criticism of extreme Darwinism remains the official standpoint of the Catholic Church.[9] Director of the National Institutes of Health, Francis Collins, a former atheist and now an evangelical Christian, founded The Biologos Foundation to promote theistic evolution, as well as "the harmony between science and biblical faith".[10] William Jennings Bryan wrote that "Theistic evolution may be defined as an anesthetic which deadens the patient’s pain while atheism removes his religion.” Marvin Olasky essentially concurred with this in a recent column chronicling the loss of Christianity from universities/colleges started by churches.[11] The outstanding 19th century theologian Charles Hodge asked the question "What is Darwinism?" His answer: "Atheism".[12] His work has met a deafening silence as a century and a half later his challenge is still not answered. Francis Collins and theistic evolution Creation Ministries International declared concerning Francis Collins theistic evolutionary views: Jay Richards and his intelligent design colleagues thoroughly dismantled Francis Collins scientific evidence for Darwinism (supposed junk DNA), discredited by recent advances in understanding the genome.[14] Collins himself has renounced this also.[15] Theistic evolution and Intelligent Design The primary difference between the two is the perceived role of proof. While most theistic evolutionists are content to accept God on faith alone, intelligent design proponents seek to prove the necessary existence of a designer in the creation of life by scientific means. Watch their recent "The Problem with Theistic Evolution."[17] Theistic evolution and Progressive Creationism Theistic evolution and Gap Theory Criticisms of Theistic Evolution Theistic evolution has been criticized from a larger variety of directions, including Young Earth Creationists, Old Earth Creationists, atheists and agnostics. Young Earth Creationists and some Old Earth Creationists generally consider Theistic Evolution to be heretical or at best, contrary to Biblical teachings.[18][19][20][21] However, many Young Earth Creationists agree that correct knowledge of how they believe God created humanity and such is not a necessary condition for salvation.[22][23] A notable proponent of theistic evolution is biologist Ken Miller.[24] Proponents of theistic evolution have been accused of subtly undermining science piece by piece.[25] The 2017 book Theistic Evolution: A Scientific, Philosophical, and Theological Critique[26] provides a detailed and comprehensive critique of theistic evolution from a Christian perspective. External links 10. (25 April 2017) in Paul Copan, Tremper Longman III, Christopher I. Reese, Michael G. Strauss: Dictionary of Christianity and Science: The Definitive Reference for the Intersection of Christian Faith and Contemporary Science (in English). Zondervan. ISBN 9780310496069. 11. "Soaping the slippery slope: Two books document the decline of once-Christian colleges into bastions of unbelief", World Magazine, August 25, 2012, (accessed 08/31/2017)[2] 12. Charles Hodge, What Is Darwinism?, Scribner, Armstrand, & Company, New York, 1874. (online)[3] 14. God and Evolution: The Problem with Theistic Evolution (accessed 08/31/2017)[4] 15. Marvin Olasky, "Admission of Function", World Magazine, July 9, 2016.(accessed 08/31/2017)[5] 17. The Problem with Theistic Evolution (
2011 Dynamics CRM Access: Public Partially Instant Grading Start FlashCards Download PDF Learn Get the best Microeconomics course in your pocket! Do you use facebook? Photo of a smartphone with the Facebook application open Economics is greatly impacted by how well information travels through society. Today, social media giants Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram are major forces on the information super highway. (Credit: Johan Larsson/Flickr) Decisions ... decisions in the social media age To post or not to post? Every day we are faced with a myriad of decisions, from what to have for breakfast, to which route to take to class, to the more complex—“Should I double major and add possibly another semester of study to my education?” Our response to these choices depends on the information we have available at any given moment; information economists call “imperfect” because we rarely have all the data we need to make perfect decisions. Despite the lack of perfect information, we still make hundreds of decisions a day. And now, we have another avenue in which to gather information—social media. Outlets like Facebook and Twitter are altering the process by which we make choices, how we spend our time, which movies we see, which products we buy, and more. How many of you chose a university without checking out its Facebook page or Twitter stream first for information and feedback? As you will see in this course, what happens in economics is affected by how well and how fast information is disseminated through a society, such as how quickly information travels through Facebook. “Economists love nothing better than when deep and liquid markets operate under conditions of perfect information,” says Jessica Irvine, National Economics Editor for News Corp Australia. This leads us to the topic of this chapter, an introduction to the world of making decisions, processing information, and understanding behavior in markets —the world of economics. Each chapter in this book will start with a discussion about current (or sometimes past) events and revisit it at chapter’s end—to “bring home” the concepts in play. In this chapter, you will learn about: • What Is Economics, and Why Is It Important? • Microeconomics and Macroeconomics • How Economists Use Theories and Models to Understand Economic Issues • How Economies Can Be Organized: An Overview of Economic Systems What is economics and why should you spend your time learning it? After all, there are other disciplines you could be studying, and other ways you could be spending your time. As the Bring it Home feature just mentioned, making choices is at the heart of what economists study, and your decision to take this course is as much as economic decision as anything else. Economics is probably not what you think. It is not primarily about money or finance. It is not primarily about business. It is not mathematics. What is it then? It is both a subject area and a way of viewing the world. Quiz PDF eBook: 2011 Dynamics CRM Download Dynamics CRM Quiz PDF eBook 89 Pages English US Educational Materials Sample Questions from the 2011 Dynamics CRM Quiz Question: Which of the following are true regarding marketing lists? Marketing list members can include leads, accounts, contacts and opportunities. Marketing list members can include leads, accounts, and contacts Once a marketing list is saved, you cannot change the type of members that can be added to the list. All marketing lists are "static", and you must manually add or remove the members to reflect changes to the underlying data. Question: Which is an advantage of using a campaign template? Templates are required for every campaign. Templates reduce the time of setting up the campaign. Templates are required when a product is involved in the campaign. Templates increase the campaign’s response rate. Question: Which of the following are types of campaign activities? Planning Activities Phone Calls Question: Which of the following cost-related functions can you perform in marketing campaigns? Forecast expenditures by month Budget the cost of activities View the total cost of the campaign Enter the actual cost of activities Question: Which of the following are required fields on the Campaign form? Campaign Type Status Reason Question: Which of the following is not a feature of quick campaigns? Associate a marketing list Create campaign activities Create multiple campaign activities Send e-mail to a marketing list Question: Which type of records can you use to create a marketing list? Question: Which of the following are features of both Quick Campaigns and Marketing Campaigns? Can both use marketing lists Can both use marketing lists Can distribute campaign activities to contacts, leads or accounts. Both have several built-in reports for tracking campaign effectiveness. Question: Which of the following are required when you are creating a campaign record? Use a campaign template Set the start date Set the end date Name the campaign Question: Which of the following can be associated with a marketing campaign? Campaign activities Marketing lists Target products Question: Which of the following is a benefit of closed loop marketing? Sales has visibility into what marketing is doing to support their efforts Marketing has visibility into what the sales team does to follow up on the leads they produce Overall marketing effectiveness improves because there is a way to measure what works and what does not All of the above Start FlashCards Download PDF Learn Sheila Lopez Start Exam Briana Knowlton Start Quiz <iframe src="https://www.jobilize.com/embed/danielrosenberger-2011-dynamics-crm" width="600" height="600" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="yes" style="border:1px solid #CCC; border-width:1px 1px 0; margin-bottom:5px" allowfullscreen webkitallowfullscreen mozallowfullscreen> </iframe>
New York City is the center of the world. Get Started. It's Free or sign up with your email address New York City is the center of the world. by Mind Map: New York City is the center of the world. 1. Doing the world's business 1.1. NYSE 1.1.1. Home to the world's largest stock exchange 1.2. Wall Street 2. International visitors 2.1. United Nations 2.1.1. Assembles the world's leaders for international cooperation 2.2. Ellis Island 2.2.1. Welcomed generations of immigrants from around the world to America's shores 3. Culture 3.1. Art 3.1.1. Metropolitan Museum Houses some of the world's most famous and valuable works of art 3.1.2. Guggenheim Its architecture alone, designed by Frank Lloyd Wright, is world famous 3.2. Theater 3.2.1. Broadway Setting the standard for excellence in drama and musicals; launching productions that travel the globe 3.3. Fashion 3.3.1. Fashion Week The world looks to New York for guidance about what is the latest and greatest in men's and women's clothing 4. Immortalized in the media 4.1. Television Shows with New York as its backdrop 4.1.1. "Today Show" 4.1.2. "Sex and the City" 4.1.3. "Saturday Night Live" 4.2. Iconic Movies with New York as its backdrop 4.2.1. King Kong 4.2.2. Superman 4.2.3. Annie Hall 4.2.4. Coming to America 4.2.5. Wall Street 5. Iconic public spaces 5.1. Statue of Liberty 5.1.1. Literally a beacon representing America's unique mission as the convocation of all the world's people 5.2. Empire State Building 5.2.1. For years, the world's tallest building and a symbol of the modern world 5.3. Grant's Tomb 5.3.1. As a grand monument to the Civil War leader who kept the country intact, this is a testament to the strength of the American experiment 5.4. Central Park 5.4.1. A vast public space that inspired many others around the world 6. Internationally renowed universities 6.1. New York University 6.1.1. Growing international presence 6.2. Columbia University 6.2.1. Large international presence; huge draw among international students 7. The center of festivities 7.1. Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade 7.1.1. A symbol for the world about America's famous holiday 7.2. New Year's Eve in Times Square 7.2.1. An internationally recognized symbol of the new year 7.3. Lighting of the Rockefeller Center Christmas Tree 7.3.1. A tradition known the world over 8. Major transportation hubs 8.1. Grand Central Terminal and Port Authority 8.1.1. Largest train station in the world and busiest bus station in the world 8.2. JFK, Newark, LaGuardia Airports 8.2.1. Three of the busiest airports in the world -- all in one city; you can get to anywhere in the world from New York
First Aid, First Aid Ottawa, road rash, Wounds - Road Rash Road rash is a term for the type of wound that occurs when a person falls on pavement, gravel etc. at the dirt is pushed into the wound. In most cases the bleeding is minor and the major concern is cleaning the wound to prevent infection since many bacteria can be found on our roadways. With most minor wounds soap and water is a good way to clean the wound. If you cannot get the wound clean this way then medical treatment should be sought. If the wound is not properly cleaned the body will heal over the wound and make cleaning more complicated later. Signs of an infection include redness, pus, swelling and fever. If you suspect infection medical treatment is required. As an Authorized Training Provider of the Canadian Red Cross, all First Aid Ottawa Standard and Emergency First Aid courses are recognized by WSIB and its Federal counterpart the Canada Labour code. Visit us online at or at 613-225-2727.
How many solar panels are needed to power the world? The use of solar energy is on the rise and many people are wondering when we’ll get to a point of being able to power the entire world using solar panels! While the timeline for that is going to be highly dependent on the uptake of solar by governments and civilians around the globe, what we can do is work out just how many solar panels we would need to power significant chunks of our society. According to figures from the World Energy Council and the International Energy Agency, the sun’s annual potential solar energy is 1,575-49,837 exajoules. One exajoule is the equivalent of one quintillion joules. But as our world energy consumption has been measured to be around a mere 559.8 exajoules, the sun is more than capable of powering the Earth several times over! How many solar panels to power the world The World Factbook estimates that the world uses over 21 trillion kWh of electricity per year. That means we use over a whopping 57 billion kWh per day. But this is only a tiny fraction of the amount of energy we receive from the sun every day, so just how many solar panels would it take to power the world? Let’s assume that a standard solar panel can generate 1.25kWh per day (a 250-watt solar panel functioning with 5 hours of direct sunlight). To fulfil our global daily electricity usage, we would need to have at least 45.6 billion solar panels working efficiently. How many solar panels to power a country Country Annual Electricity Consumption (kWh) Daily Electricity Consumption (kWh) Number Of Solar Panels Needed China 6,310,000,000,000 17,287,671,233 13,830,136,986 USA 3,911,000,000,000 10,715,068,493 8,572,054,795 India 1,408,624,400,000 3,859,244,932 3,087,395,945 Russia 1,065,000,000,000 2,917,808,219 2,334,246,575 Japan 934,000,000,000 2,558,904,110 2,047,123,288 Germany 533,000,000,000 1,460,273,973 1,168,219,178 Canada 528,000,000,000 1,446,575,342 1,157,260,274 Brazil 518,000,000,000 1,419,178,082 1,135,342,466 South Korea 495,000,000,000 1,356,164,384 1,084,931,507 France 431,000,000,000 1,180,821,918 944,657,534 UK 309,000,000,000 846,575,342 677,260,274 Italy 291,000,000,000 797,260,274 637,808,219 Saudi Arabia 272,000,000,000 745,205,479 596,164,384 Taiwan 249,500,000,000 683,561,644 546,849,315 Mexico 238,000,000,000 652,054,795 521,643,836 1. https://webstore.iea.org/key-world-energy-statistics-2018 2. https://www.undp.org/content/dam/aplaws/publication/en/publications/environment-energy/www-ee-library/sustainable-energy/world-energy-assessment-energy-and-the-challenge-of-sustainability/World%20Energy%20Assessment-2000.pdf 3. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_electricity_consumption Of course, different countries will receive different amounts of sunshine per day. These numbers are also likely to be affected by the quality of solar panels that each country would be able to afford. Although, currently, it is difficult to imagine any of these countries investing the amount of money needed to install the required number of panels to match their daily electricity consumption levels. How many solar panels to power a city If we take the average size of a solar panel to be 1.64㎡, we can use data for each city’s electricity consumption along with the number of sunshine hours per day to estimate the number of solar panels that would be required to power some of the world’s major cities. City Square KM Needed Number Of Solar Panels Needed Cairo 23,000 14,024 Rome 29,000 17,683 Paris 47,000 28,659 Lima 58,000 35,366 Beijing 137,000 83,537 London 138,000 84,146 New York 209,000 127,439 Moscow 236,000 143,902 Tokyo 284,000 173,171 Just as for the countries, the reality is that the actual numbers will differ from these estimates due to different climates and fluctuations in the number of sunshine hours. How many solar panels to power a school Now that we know how many solar panels are needed to power cities, countries, and the whole world, let’s bring it back to more local (and more realistic) level. While we might not be on the verge of powering entire countries using solar, schools, colleges and universities are often keen to incorporate solar energy in some way. But how many panels would it take to power a school in its entirety? Schools are a hive of electrical activity throughout the day, with more learning than ever now taking place online using electronic devices. Whether it’s for powering laptops in the classroom, appliances in the canteen, or hairdryers in the changing rooms, a reliable and consistent flow of electricity is crucial for running a school. But just how many solar panels would it take to power an entire school? Let’s estimate that the average medium-sized business, such as a school, uses roughly 70kWh of electricity and gets on average 5 sunshine hours per day. If the average solar panel is able to produce 250 watts per hour, this would produce 1.25kWh per day. If we compare this to their daily usage of 70 kWh, we can work out that 56 solar panels would be required to power the school each day. ← Back to Solar Panels Ask a question?
Parenting comes with its fair share of worries, particularly in the age of smartphones, tablets and other digital devices that allow kids access to the internet 24 hours a day. But a new study reveals just 1 in 5 parents actually set and enforce screen time limits for their children. The study – conducted by the U.K.’s Digital Schoolhouse – asked 2,000 English schoolkids between the ages of 9 and 18 how they felt about staying safe online. Researchers also asked the kids how involved their parents or caregivers were in establishing rules and boundaries regarding internet usage. Here’s the takeaway: the majority of kids felt online safety was important, and 76% of respondents felt very confident in their ability to stay safe online. For the most part, kids seem to understand and utilize the privacy settings and features on their social media accounts, smartphones at tablets – with 77% saying they see the need for updating those safeguards regularly. When it comes to parents and their involvement in their child’s internet safety, however, there seems to be a disconnect. The study revealed just 44% of parents actually talk to their kids about online safety. Additionally, 39% of kids say their parents have never talked to them about the importance of protecting their privacy and safety online. Only 19% of the respondents said their parents set and enforced limits on internet usage, while 30% have rules that aren’t necessarily enforced. A whopping 35% of kids said they could spent as much time as they wanted online without parental intervention. “Regardless of actual parental practice what’s important here is the student’s perception,” researchers wrote. “If they don’t perceive there to be limits placed upon their time spent, then they are unlikely to follow this in practice.” The study calls for more parental involvement, especially considering the fact that while 82% of said they knew how to update privacy settings, only 67% have actually done so. That’s not entirely surprising, researchers said. “The vast majority of us know we should eat 5 fruits and vegetables a day,” researchers wrote. “However, how many of us actually manage to eat the recommended 5-a-day and stick to it? … The same analogy can be applied to internet safety. While we may have a broad understanding of the dangers and how to stay safe, continued work is needed to help people actually put this into practice.” So how do we as parents get involved in our child’s internet safety? Common Sense Media offers the following basic family guidelines to help get you started: 1. Follow your family’s rules about when and where to use the internet. 2. Be polite, kind and respectful. 3. Understand a websites rules, and know how to flag other users for misbehavior. 4. Recognize “red flags,” including someone asking you personal questions such as your name and home address. 5. Never share personal information (name, school, phone number, address, etc.) with strangers. 6. Never send pictures to strangers. 7. Keep passwords private (except from parents). 8. Never open a message from a stranger. 9. Immediately tell an adult if something mean or creepy happens.
Sunday, September 25, 2016 The Stark Difference Between Modern Science and Modern Religion Islam's Religion Against Blasphemy Modern Science's Historic Discovery Caution: One must be careful not to fall for the Either/Or Fallacy, blaming ALL of modern science, or ALL of modern religion for the horrendous evils in history and today. But the real facts are these: without modern science, there would be no drones, aerial bombing, gas warfare, and massive slaughters via conventional and nuclear weapons. But the real facts are these: without modern religion, there would be no doctrinal persecution, torture, and slaughter of humans around the globe. No Syria, Saudi Arabia... (Of course there would still be destruction and evil in other forms, but that is a story for another day.) Two Countering Stories from the News today: Oldest Human Remains Found from 400,000 Years Ago by Asaf Kamer "Located outside of Rosh HaAyin and Tel Aviv, Qesem Cave was accidentally discovered during road work 16 years ago; since then, the cave has revealed a wealth of information on early humans, and helps shed light on the evolution of humanity." "This 200,000 year old time capsule contained within it rare artifacts from a critical point in the evolution of humanity, and turned the cave, now called "Qesem Cave," into one of the most important pre-historic sites in the world." "Archaeology Professor at Tel Aviv University Ron Barkai is the head of digging at Qesem Cave." Inside Qesem Cave, Photo by Ron Barkai, Tel Aviv University "It's a very special cave," he said. "It reflects an unknown stage in the history of humanity. We don’t know which type of human lived here." "We know that they acted differently than everyone else who lived in this area before them. They seem like a different type of human..." "If we aren't mistaken, they were more similar to us (humans today), and not their forefathers the Homo erectus." "One of the major discoveries at Qesem Cave which changed history books was the discovery of the oldest evidence of the consumption of cooked meat." Professor Torsten Otmeier of the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany: "This site is approximately 400,000 years old." Photo by Ron Barkai "By comparison...Europe only started seeing humans using knives 30,000 years ago." "These knives were created 400,000 years ago...,7340,L-4846834,00.html Nahid HattarImage copyright PETRA NEWS AGENCY "Mr Hattar was attacked on social media for sharing the cartoon" "Nahid Hattar was hit by three bullets outside the court in the capital Amman where he was standing trial." "Police have arrested the suspected shooter, Riad Abdullah. Jordanian media said he was local imam who had been upset by the cartoon...A witness told the Associate Press news agency that Mr Abdullah had a long beard and was wearing a long robe, common among conservative Muslims. "Nahid Hattar was detained in August for 15 days on charges of insulting God after he published a cartoon depicting a bearded man lying in bed with two women and smoking, asking God to bring him a drink." Nahid was an atheist, and "was attacked on social media for being anti-Islam." "He said he had not meant to cause offence and wanted to expose radical Islamists' view of heaven." "Authorities said he had broken the law by sharing the cartoon." "The prime minister was the first one who incited against Nahid when he ordered his arrest and put him on trial for sharing the cartoon, and that ignited the public against him and led to his killing," Saa Hattar, the writer's cousin Two stories with very different methods and two very different ends. May we choose to reject All forms of religious and scientific harm and slaughter. However, this week it doesn't look good. Many Americans opposed the U.S. selling 1.5 billion to Saudi Arabia which is waging a vicious Islamic war in Yemen where over 10,000 have been killed, many of them by bombing. But this week, the U.S. Senate voted by a large majority to support the destruction, to support sending weapons to a ruthless Islamic government which is largely, or at least partially, responsible for the endless Islamic slaughter of the last 50 years. Plus, like Jordan, Pakistan, etc., Saudi Arabia's Islamic government denies its citizens basic human rights including freedom of religion and freedom of speech. It imprisons innocent civilians for their writing and for their beliefs. How dark is the darkness of world religion and politics, Live, instead, in the Light, Daniel Wilcox No comments:
Sunday, 30 April 2017 Iceni & the Eye of Woden Both this Wulfinga Blog and the blogs of Wotan's Krieger have posted articles on the presence of Germanic Peoples here in England (and other parts of these islands) long before the accepted view that the Anglo-Saxon invasions were the first Germanic Folk to come here. Wotan's Krieger has also studied the Iceni Tribe and here I am going to add further evidence that this was a Germanic Tribe and not a 'Celtic' Tribe as scholars harp on about endlessly. An article appeared in the Coins Weekly showing a coin minted by the Iceni Tribe, a coin dated at 50 - 30BCE. The article suggested that this showed 'Odin's Eye'. The Iceni Coin shows a figure with one eye missing or closed, together with a 'third eye' which is near to the mouth of the figure. On the other side is a horse, the 'Steed of Woden' which appears together with what seems to be a wheel above it. Dr Daphne Nash Briggs, author of Coinage in the Celtic World thinks that an 'ancient Germanic ancestry' may have influenced the language, iconography and coin inscription of the Iceni. In simpler terms we may say that the Iceni were a Germanic Tribe. Next to the Ideni in Eastern England were another 'Celtic' tribe called the Corieltauvi, and this tribe used coinage bearing what has been termed 'Spirit Eyes'. Even more glaring is the coinage of a tribe called the Suessiones who dwelt in the area now known as France and who are a Belgic Tribe. A coin found and dated around 60 - 30 BCE shows the Eye of Woden on one side and the Fenris Wolf biting off the arm of Tiw (or swallowing Woden) is shown on the other side. The image on the left shows the Eye of Woden in the mouth of the figure, just as does the Iceni Coin. On the other side is a wolf-figure either swallowing Tiw's hand or swallowing Woden whose 'eyes' are clearly shown. Again, we have the image of a wheel on the coin. Since we also know that the Belgae occupied an area of Southern England, we can now see how the god-figure of Gwydion/Wydion (Woden) came here in very early times. The Cantii who gave their name to Kent were also said to be a Belgic Tribe. It seems that the Iceni were a Germanic Tribe, and thus Boudicca was a Germanic Heroine Queen and not a 'Celtic' queen as we have been told by historians. Whatever language these people spoke matters little, since as in all times there would have been a Germanic Aristocracy over others, and this is what matters to us here. When the Angles, Saxons, Jutes and Frisians etc. came over they came to a land of scattered tribes who were Romanised and who had started to be infected by the Religion of Evil brought here by the Joten. The new invaders had to take back the land and its people and once again become overlords over a Heathen Folk. The later Vikings did the same when the English succumbed to the Religion of Evil. There is also a continuum of the Divine Twins as Romulus and Remus, depicted here on an Iceni Coin; the Wuffingas (Wulfingas) continued this and within their own ancestral lineage is the figure of Caesar. This continuum seems to indicate that the Wuffinga Tribe were also here before the Great Invasion. Here we have a very similar head to that of the Suessiones with a figure with what seems an open mouth on one side and a Solar-Horse on the other side. The above bears the Fylfot-Swastika. The Solar-Horse and other solar symbols are found on another Iceni Coin; the horse features strongly on these coins. An aethlinga and his horse are buried at Sutton Hoo which again suggests a continuum of Germanic Culture in the area of East Anglia. The name Ygg/Igg could well be linked to the 'eye' and thus to the 'Eye of Woden'; it is also possible that an ancient god-name Og known in these islands also relates to Ygg/Igg. Maybe the term 'ogre' relates to this, and we still say 'ogle' when eyeing something. The ancient Vedic God Rudra, who became Shiva in later times, had a by-name Ugr which may be the same as Ygg. We need to recall that the Old English cyning is pronounced something like 'cooning', so 'Ygg' may be 'Oogg'. There is a direct link between the eye and the mouth, both of which feature in the Iceni Coin 'Odin's Eye' (it is still being mentioned under this name). The Rune of Woden is the Os-Rune which means 'mouth'; we can now connect the rune to the Eye of Woden too. It is significant that the author of the article on the coin suggested that this is a 'Third Eye' through which Woden looks inwards, obviously suggesting a working knowledge of the god Woden. The Belgic Coin showing either Woden or Tiw is significant in that it shows an early knowledge of Norse Mythology and Germanic Mythology. There is one thing that suggests this may be Woden rather than Tiw and that is that it is the left arm which is being swallowed - Tiw lost his right arm. There is also the further evidence of the pronounced eyes on the figure, again suggesting Woden rather than Tiw. The wolf stands upon the Wheel of Time. Once again we have the Solar Horse and the Wheel of Time and a symbol of seven dots beneath the horse. The symbol of the seven dots is not unlike the symbol of six dots found on the above figure of Odin riding Sleipnir. The discrepancy concerning the number 6 and 7 may be linked to the Pleiades known as the Seven Sisters of which only six stars can be seen plainly. Further evidence to suggest that Woden was in fact the chief god worshipped in these islands in ancient times is the widespread use of the Gold Torc. Rather than being the symbol of 'The Goddess' as is usually suggested, logic tells us that the Torc is a twisted cord worn around the neck, suggesting that it symbolises the Hangman's Noose of the God of the Hanged - Woden. The Golden Torc (Solar Symbol) worn around the neck of the AEthlinga Caste symbolised that they were fettered to Woden, that they were Initiates of Woden. Evidence can be found on the Sutton Hoo Mask to suggest a connection to Woden through the Wuffingas. The coincidence or synchronicity involved here is rather strange for just yesterday I outlined the new WF Logo containing the Germanic Ing-Rune as the Eye of Woden. Woden was the Raven-God but he was also the Wolf-God and in this aspect he was known in East Anglia, obviously connected to the Wolf-Twins who were also Horse Twins - Hengest & Horsa, Romulus & Remus etc. These are images from coins of the Corieltauvi Tribe who occupied Lincolnshire, parts of Yorkshire, Northamptonshire, Leicestershire and Nottinghamshire. They show 'hidden eyes' or 'Spirit Eyes'. The top row, far right shows a strange emphasis upon one eye over the other suggesting maybe a link to the One-Eyed God, Woden. Woden is the god associated with the eye - can all this be a coincidence, or proof that Woden has been worshipped here in these islands into very ancient times? Styles of dress and fashions such as the wearing of beards or moustaches differ across Europe, and have always differed. The Germanic Tribes on mainland Europe would have differed in their garb and even slightly in language. There is no evidence to suggest that the Welsh language was spoken across what we now call England, Oppenheimer has shown how a Germanic Language was spoken into ancient times. Angul and Dan were brothers according to Danish Lore, so is it a coincidence that the Danelaw stretched across most of the area occupied by the Angles? It was the Saxon areas of England that remained English under Alfred, from where the lands were united - but under a Christian yoke! A dual faith existed until well into the eleventh century but the English were on a downhill path under an alien yoke long before the coming of the Normans. It was the Judaeo-Christian faith that brought the English to their knees - literally! Thursday, 13 April 2017 'The Wise Ones' & the Founding of the English Nation According to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicles there was a tribe known as the Gewisse who occupied an area which later became known as 'Wessex', named after the West Saxons. Indeed, what is less well known is that the name 'West Saxons was not used until the reign of Caedwalla () when the term 'King of the Saxons' was used rather than the previous 'King of the Gewisse'. Various attempts have been made to make the Gewisse fit a Romano-British form but the obvious still stands out clearly. Now, the Gewisse have been seen as related to another tribe known as the Hwicce. The Gewisse - the name has been related to the German gewiss meaning 'certain' or 'sure' and their eponymous ancestor (which always tells us something about a tribe) was Giwis. The tribe were obviously a Royal Line of the Saxons, and they occupied an area around Dorchester on the Thames, though no doubt their influence went far further than this area. They captured Searobyrig in 522CE and Beranbyrig in 566CE. The conquests of the House of Gewisse in the seventh and eighth centuries CE led to the establishment of the Kingdom of Wessex, which led eventually to the creation of the English Nation. The Hwicce - this tribe occupied a tribal kingdom in Anglo-Saxon England, established in 577 with the Battle of Deorham. The kingdom they occupied covered parts of Worcestershire, Gloucestershire, Warwickshire, Herefordshire, Staffordshire and northern Wiltshire. Their first probable kings were Eanhere and Eanfrith. Right, we have the history of these two tribes or Royal Lines of the Saxons so now we need to discover the secrets hidden within the tribal names and the names of the tribal leaders or founders of the tribes. The German word 'gewiss' is said to mean 'certain' or 'sure'; now Wotan's Krieger is familiar with the German Tongue so he might correct me here if I am wrong. The prefix ge- is used in the Germanic Tongue and as we find in Old English is sometimes dropped leaving just the suffix. Thus Ge-wisse becomes wisse. The obvious stands out here, for the meaning of 'sure' or 'certain' may refer to someone who is 'sure' or 'certain', i.e. a wise man. The meaning of the word Gewisse means 'The Wise Ones'. Their eponymous ancestor Giwis ('Wis') is thus the 'Wise One'. Now to the Hwicce. Again the name of the tribe seems to allude the historians and scholars, and yet it seems to stare us in the face. 'Hwicce' would seem to be the same as 'Wicce' which is an alternative word meaning 'wise'. Thus the Hwicce are the 'Wise Ones'. The first probable kings are named Eanhere and Eanfrith, names which should straightway link us to the Divine Twins or Founding Twins. We have here, like Hengest and Horsa, Cerdic and Cynric, etc. a set of twin-kings as founders of a particular tribe. In this case - 'The Wise Ones'. The title has also been used of the Visigoths or 'Wise Goths'. The prefix Ean- also seems to allude scholars since it appears to relate to the Old English eane meaning 'lamb' and eanian meaning 'to give birth' (giving us the modern term 'yean'). These seem to stem from a Proto-Germanic aunona meaning 'to lamb' or 'to yean'. These meanings have given rise to the word meaning 'fertility' which puts us straight off the mark. What we need to do here is to understand the background to the names, the times when this came about. Eanhere would mean 'Lamb-Raiders' and Eanfrith would mean 'Lamb-Peace' () neither of which make any sense at all. So the names must here be used as metaphors for some hidden truth. These twin-kings had been converted to Christianity, though they do not appear as being converted by Roman Christians. As such the term 'Lamb' would be used for 'Krist' (). This fits with the meaning of the term, but 'to give birth' brings up the idea of these being Founding Kings. Putting this together we have two Saxon Royal Lines, the Gewisse and the Hwicce, who are the 'Wise Ones' who pave the way, and indeed are responsible for the eventual founding of the English Nation and the Land of England. We must not forget that it is through the West Saxon Line (and thus the 'Wise Ones') that we get the Legend of Scef-Ing who is the Ancestor of the English Folk. Looked at in this alternative way we can see that the creation of the English Nation unfolded around the Royal Line of the Wise-Ones. The eventual formation was really down to nothing less than the invasion of the Danish Vikings and the Norsemen who were also the 'Friends of Ing' (Ingwaeones). It was the merging of the Viking Raiders and the English Tribes that formed the English Folk-Nation, guided and lead by the 'Wise Ones' who were no doubt Woden Initiates akin to the Armanen of Guido von List. (*) Another point of interest, and one which seems to confirm what I am saying, is that the Gewisse captured Beranbyrig in 556CE, Beranbyrig being the Old English name for Banbury. I have shown how the word beran (**) means 'to bear' or 'to give birth' and that it is a word used of the Sacred Centre. Byrig is an alternative to burg or borough. It is at Beranbyrig that the Red and White Dragons fought for supremacy of the Islands of the Mighty, and this is thus the Sacred Centre of these islands. This Sacred Centre is associated with Ingwe and its capture must have been of some importance to the Wise Ones. Of course, the symbol of the West Saxons (and thus the Gewisse) was the Golden Dragon and an early symbol used by the Mercians (Hwicce) was the White Dragon (on a black background). It would seem that Hengest wielded the Battle-Flame, the Sword of AEtla the Hun, whose Wyrd decreed that he wage a Holy War against the growing power of the 'Religion of Evil' and the Joten who created it. This sword passed to Cynric of the West Saxons who continued the Wyrd through to the eventual creation of the Folk-Nation of the English, guided by the 'Wise Ones' of the Saxon Nation. We should recall, in view of the mention of the Armanen, that the Saxons worshipped a pillar called after their chief god, Irmin or Arman, the god who gave his name to the Irminsul. This is an important point to consider when reading this post. () Caedwalla is a name which means 'Caed'-'foreigner' and thus seen to be of British (Welsh) origins, although this is by no means certain since it could refer to anyone outside that particular tribal group. () 'Frith' here I have translated as 'peace', though the term is a bit more complex than that. () I have used the spelling 'Krist' since there seems no evidence to suggest that these twin-kings were converted by Roman Christians. There did exist a different form of Christianity so I have chosen to use this spelling to make clear the difference. (*) If we view this as some form of hidden order which von List seems to speak of we may not be too far from the mark. It has been recorded throughout the history of the European Kings that most of them were members of some form of Hidden Order or 'Occult Lodge' (they mean the same). Even today some of the Royal Family here are members of the 'Order of the Garter' or some other 'lodge', though these, of course, are nothing at all like the ancient orders and indeed work through the Counter-Initiation. A more apt example would be Vlad Dracula who was of the 'House of Dracul' - 'House of the Dragon'. These orders were for the aristocracy, though the merchants also had their guilds etc. Even today, in the 'Age of the People' we see the hidden hand of power working through such secret societies as 'Common Purpose', another branch of the Counter-Initiation. We find the concept of 'The Wise Ones' being usurped by the Counter-Initiation through the Illuminati when we analyse the name of its founder - Adam Weisshaupt. The name means 'The First Man of the Wise' or 'The first man of those who know'. Evidence shows clearly that the Counter-Initiation does not create anything, it merely usurps for its own purpose. (***) Yet another synchronicity since we have the same meaning 'to give birth' as the meaning of the prefix ean. In the above photo of a stone placed in the town of Banbury we can see the connection between the area and some sort of Solar-Cult, a clear Solar Symbol being carved upon the stone. This is no doubt connected to some old legend or maybe it is mere 'synchronicity', nevertheless it is obviously connected to the area. Unfortunately the original 'Banbury Cross no longer exists so we do not know what symbolism (if any) it had. Tuesday, 11 April 2017 Gift of Ingwe Ever since seeing this ancient stone which I have called by the name White Stone of Ing the design of the carvings has eluded me, even though I have always seen it as being familiar. The Ing-Rune in its English version can be seen as two Edel-Runes joined as one, which looks very much like an ancient symbol for the Divine Twins - joined at the head. Although the central 'cartouche' is rectangular and not diamond-shaped the 'arms' and 'legs' connecting at the top and bottom do suggest a very similar image. I can now see some importance in the stone itself, which is a White Stone, since the three major religions of Judaism, Islam and Christianity are all connected to the Black Cube which suggests darkness and matter. Could it be that the White Stone is the counter-religion to the darkness and matter based around the Black Cube or Black Stone? I have shown before how Revelations shows how the finding of a 'White Stone' would lead to a 'new name of God', i.e. the name of the god or archetype who rules the New Age. In this case the god Ing is the name found on the stone. The importance is obviously that of the 'White Stone' which is the colour of purity. The message 'Gift of Ing' is found on the stone, with this being linked to 'Fire' and to the meanings of the Ken-Rune. The Ken-Rune also represents the Fire-Serpent which is linked to Ingwe and the Rune of Ingwe. Agni of the Vedas is linked to the Aswins who are the Divine Twins; both are associated with friction-fire and the kindling of the Sacred Flame. Here we seem to have a connection between Ingwe and the Divine Twins, if I am right in seeing the twin-Edel-Runes in the symbolism of the stone. There is of course a very strong connection between the Ing-Rune and the Edel-Rune since the former is the Rune of the Blood and the latter is the Rune of the Homeland. The Ing-Rune, as stated here, is in itself twin Edel-Runes which form the ancient symbol of the Divine Twins joined at the head. The Edel-Rune has the shape given to the Greek god Atlas, the God of the World Pillar. The globe is the world, held up by Atlas. Both runes also contain the message 'Gift of Ing', something which has never been explained. Both the Rune of the Blood and the Rune of the Homeland are connected to Ingwe. Of course, with such figures as Hengest and Horsa we naturally assume that the Divine Twins are always both male. In the case of Hengest and Horsa, who are the founders of a nation, this is obviously true since they parallel Romulus and Remus and other 'twins'. But there are various different aspects of such figures, and there may be a case here to consider that Ingwe is the male 'twin' but the other figure is perhaps female. In this case we could guess at the sister of Ingwe - Freya. Twins are not necessarily both the same sex. There is also the legend of 'Od' to consider here, for Freya loses her 'Od' and searches to find him again. The name 'Od' forms part of the Od-al Rune. Mercia Eliade hints that fire is held within the 'Eternal Feminine' where man may seek to find it. It is perhaps significant that the Ken-Rune on the stone is a variant used by the Anglo-Saxons, and not the usual rune-shape which has an upright stave with a downwards or upwards pointing offshoot. In fact the alternative can be seen as an ur-glyphic Ur-Rune with a vertical line above it - fire with smoke going upwards. We know that Freya is also associated with fire since she wears the Brosingamene Necklace, the word 'brosinga' being associated with fire. The ur-glyphic Ur-Rune thus suggests the Primal Fire and the CGF version of the Ken-Rune is shaped as an Ur-Rune turned sideways. I have shown how the English Ing-Rune can be seen as either an Ur-Fusion or Ken-Fusion which parallels the ideas that I have looked at here. Indeed, the shape of the White Stone of Ing also suggests an inverted Ur-Rune at the top and Ur-Rune at the bottom. Gyfu is the Rune of Gefion who is the Gift Goddess and an aspect of Freya; we have thus Ingwe and Freya shown within the two runes which make up the phrase 'Gift of Ing'. The 'Fire-Rune' (Ken) is actually linked to the Ing-Rune, suggesting a closer link between these two runes. This may be stretching a point too far but these two make the word 'ken(n)ing'. This is likely a coincidence though we cannot rule out that it is synchronicity. Ingwe is of course also known as Frey, a title meaning 'lord'; Freya means 'lady' which makes up the pairing. Indeed, this is no doubt where Wicca gets its 'Lord and Lady' from originally. In the law of the Waene (Vanir) sister and brother can also be married through a Sacred Wedding. Both Ingwe and Freya are linked to the planet Venus which is the Morning Star and Evening Star. It is most likely that Freya is the Morning Star and Ingwe the Evening Star, though of course the planet is one and the same. Whatever the case Venus is connected to the concept of resurrection. If the 'Gift of Ing' is the Primal Fire then Ingwe is clearly associated with the Vedic god Agni. Agni is in fact one of the original 'trinity' of gods prior to the later Brahma-Vishnu-Shiva. I believe that with the name 'Ingwe' we are going way back into very ancient times, maybe even linked to the title 'Igg' given to Woden when he hung upon Iggdrasil. Noting the following we can see a pattern emerging here - • Ingwe & Freya • The Divine Twins • The Rune of the Blood • The Rune of the Homeland • Ingwe was known in these islands well before the later Germanic invasions or incursions. The 'Gift of Ing' is the Primal Fire or Creative Fire which provides not only 'Light' but also the heat needed to germinate new life. The White Stone of Ing has obvious connections to the creation of the English Folk-Nation through the idea of 'Blood and Soil'. The connection here between the Divine Twins - Hengest and Horsa - are obvious, for they are the 'Founding Twins'. The White Stone of Ing has obvious connections to the idea of the Resurrection of the English Folk-Nation. It is also connected to the White Dragon of the English. This 'resurrection' is linked directly to the sinking of ancient At-al-land. We know this through the importance of the Hale-Bopp Comet. "In the end, K is something programmed into the computer code of the universe — a fundamental fore integral to the world, and designed to arise spontaneously, due to the designed nature of it. Once arisen, it guides the evolution of every self sufficient organism’s form and function. K may even be the fundamental force really driving the universe’s organizaiton, if not the underlying purpose of the entire Creation. In its most basic form, K is about the fostering of a specific quality within the Universe’s organization. The quality can be loosely be described as “greatness,” – encompassing such variables as complexity, ability, resiliency, sophistication, creativity, adaptability, etc. If one examines the world around them, they will quickly come to the realization that, over the long haul, it favors K innately, and that this is likely an engineered design. God does not want to crack the hood on His Creation, only to look out upon a Universe of a worlds that all look like the world in the movie Idiocracy, filled with imbeciles denigrating the lone eloquent smart person. Indeed, were the universe designed to favour R-evolution would never have even made it that far. All God would see in a perpetually R-universe would be ever more rapidly expanding blobs of goo, each unit of goo competing fiercely with the others, to see which can expend less energy on greatness and complexity, to focus on repoducing more of an ever less-evolved goo." — The Anonymous Conservative, Chapter Twenty Six — What is K? — , The Evolutionary Psychology Behind Politics I had just mentioned the word 'synchronicity' when I was beginning to run out of ideas that would complete this post. I had to look up my emails to sort out something for the coming Folk-Moot when I opened an email with a link to a site called 'Elfnationalist' which contained the above quote, and which compared what is termed R-evolution to K-evolution. What struck me so hard was the use of the 'K' which is connects directly to the K-Rune or Ken-Rune, and underlines yet another reason, and perhaps more important reason for the use of the rune on the White Stone. The basic meaning of what is being said is that 'R-evolution' is based upon quantity, equality, and the masses whilst K-evolution is based upon quality, inequality and an aristocratic order. Again, speaking of 'synchronicity', the article here was about Tolkien's Elves, and the next section of my post was about Ingwe-Frey as 'Lord of the Elves'. The elves are depicted as Nietzsche's Superman or Overman, as the next stage of the evolution of Man. We are thus back to the idea of 'resurrection' and the ideas put forward here. The 'Gift of Ingwe' is thus the gift of Immortality and the creation of the Sun-Man or Sonnenmensch. It is the 'Fire of Re-Creation'. The Ken-Rune is also the 'Rune of Kingship' and thus directly related to inequality and to the creation of the Divine Order of Caste. Ingwe is in a sense the Sacral King wedded to the land, to 'Sovereignty' (Freya). This is a very important concept since everything centres around Man and the Earth, to the mystical link between Blood and Soil - the Edel. The key to the 'awakening' is The Hooded Man whose rune is the Edel-Rune! One last comment here. Does not the phrase - '...imbeciles denigrating the lone eloquent smart person...' ring true when we look at every form of attack upon anyone who stands up against this rotten, corrupt, degenerate system? We see this at every turn where anyone with a bit of common sense and intellect is ridiculed by the 'imbeciles' who make up the masses, the 'mob', the 'herd', the 'people' - the representatives of the multi-racial system that brooks no opposition nor criticism to its falling world. This we must remember - they represent a falling world, a world quickly falling into decay and ruins, a world on the brink of destruction. Their own greed and foolishness will bring about their own destruction. The 'Black Cube' will symbolise their own destruction. The 'White Stone' and the 'White Dragon' symbolises the victory of Light over Darkness! The White Stone of Ing is held within the ancient Isle of Albion - the Isle of the Elves.
National Sleep Foundation Waking America to the Importance of Sleep About NSF NSF programs include: 1. Far-reaching public education and awareness initiatives such as National Sleep Awareness Week® and Drowsy Driving Prevention WeekTM. As an independent, nonprofit, NSF partners with many government agencies and organizations like the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the National Institutes of Health and the Department of Transportation to raise awareness of the importance of sleep and alertness. Ongoing media relations activities generate millions and millions of media impressions each year. NSF also produces educational materials for the general public, such as our award-winning news magazine sleepmatters, our weekly online newsletter the NSF Alert, an assortment of educational brochures, videotapes and more. 3. Support of research through NSF’s Pickwick Postdoctoral Research Fellowships. To date, NSF has awarded more than $2.3 million to young Pickwick Fellows. In addition, our highly respected and often quoted annual survey, the Sleep in America poll, reports how sleep impacts America’s health, lifestyle, safety and productivity. The poll covers specific topics and populations. The 2008 Sleep in America poll addressed sleep, productivity and the work place. Past polls have focused on women, teens, adults, children and the aged to name a few. 5. The National Sleep Awareness Roundtable ( is a national coalition of governmental, professional, voluntary, and other organizations whose mission is: 1) to raise awareness about; 2) to increase the understanding of; and 3) to reduce the public health and safety impact of sleep deprivation and sleep disorders by improving communication and collaboration among local, state and federal agencies; professional organizations; and the public. Through its collective efforts, NSART will work: 1. To increase public awareness about sleep, sleep disorders, and the consequences of sleep deprivation; 2. To promote science-based public policies; 3. To advance basic, clinical, applied, and population-based research; and 4. To promote recognition of and access to care for all individuals with sleep disorders. NSART is a program of the National Sleep Foundation (NSF), an independent, non-profit 501(c)(3) tax-exempt organization. What You Can Do The National Sleep Foundation (NSF) relies on grants, sponsorships, memberships and other contributions to help us provide comprehensive education and awareness programs. In addition, we actively collaborate with other concerned organizations - sleep centers, support groups for patients with sleep disorders, safety organizations, and many more - to help spread our important messages and improve public health. You can make a difference! National Sleep Foundation 1522 K St NW #500 Washington DC 20005 Phone (202) 347-3471 Fax (202) 347-3472 Comments: 0
# CTE Resource Center - Verso - Nutrition and Wellness Task 107132979 CTE Resource Center - Verso Virginia’s CTE Resource Center Demonstrate safe preparation and handling practices for food. Demonstration of safe practices should include following the FDA Food Code for • ensuring proper temperatures for oven, freezer, and refrigerator by using thermometers • ensuring minimum internal cooking and holding temperatures of food by using a food thermometer • identifying the temperature danger zone as between 40°F and 140°F • using proper food-storage procedures • avoiding cross-contamination (e.g., by using color-coded cutting boards) • using correct hand-washing techniques and acceptable hygiene practices (e.g., for nails, hair, clothing, jewelry) • sanitizing work surfaces and equipment • using acceptable thawing methods • using acceptable tasting methods • avoiding the tasting of foods containing raw eggs, unwashed fruits and vegetables, and other potentially hazardous ingredients. Process/Skill Questions • What are the consequences of unsafe food preparation and handling practices at home? In the school lab? In commercial restaurants? • Why are simple food safety and sanitation suggestions often disregarded in real-life settings? How can one create a risk-free kitchen? • What factors may influence our efforts to reduce hazards associated with food preparation and storage? • What criteria should we use to evaluate preparation and handling practices for food? • How can we communicate our food safety and sanitation suggestions in a persuasive manner? • What are the consequences of ignoring food shelf life or storage information? • How can we motivate others to adhere to the rules of food safety and sanitation in the kitchen? • How can technology help us maintain food safety and sanitation in the kitchen? • What information will persuade others to use caution in the kitchen to avoid food-borne illness? • How is a basic knowledge of biology useful in understanding food safety? Other Related Standards FCCLA National Programs Power of One: A Better You Student Body: The Fit You Student Body: The Healthy You Student Body: The Real You Student Body: The Resilient You FCCLA: STAR Events (2019) Event Management National Programs in Action Professional Presentation Public Policy Advocate National Standards for Family and Consumer Sciences Education Analyze conditions and practices that promote safe food handling. Analyze safety and sanitation practices. Investigate federal, state, and local inspection and labeling systems that protect the health of individuals and the public.
h a l f b a k e r y account: browse anonymously, or get an account and write. Grind moon and pour spin on it. (+11, -2) [vote for, A series of robotic mining machines tunnel their way towards the lunar core, and lay conveyor systems to remove debris to the surface while reinforcing the tunnel walls. Iron from the core is then processed to create massive shoring I-beams which keep these ever expanding caverns from collapsing as the mine-bots home in on one another to create a single chamber within an iron geodesic sphere. Meanwhile on the lunar surface Plasma engines, shaped charges and solar sails begin to slowly increase the rotational rate of moon. Several tens of decades go by... The moon is now roughly twice the diameter it was when construction began and no longer has a side considered dark as it rotates twice a day. Since no substantial mass has been added or removed from the moon, there has been no effect on the Earth's tides, though several Terran species are observed becoming spontaneously nocturnal as now even a crescent moon casts the amount of light that the full moon once reflected. and several more decades... It will be many years yet before enough spin has been imparted for colonists within Luna to experience one Earth gravity or 1G as centrifugal force holds them to the inner walls along the equator, but the plant life, which helps to filter and scrub the trapped atmosphere, has grown remarkable quickly. Unfettered by gravity's restraint the plants compete their way toward the central light source at a manic pace. The main complaint of the colonists is a slight feeling of vertigo and nausea when looking across the chamber to see people miles away walking upside down above them. These complaints have decreased substantially as the canopy has begun to fill in. The epic Global effort to construct drive engines capable of moving an object the mass of Luna are well underway and are estimated to be ready well in advance of the last of Earth's surface vegetation and animal life dying off from our expanding Sun's increased radiation output. The Clism of 2012 Coupled with the strict procreation laws enacted in 2126 have reduced humanity’s numbers to the point where there will be space enough for all when the Lunark embarks. Driving around a gas giant. http://www.schlockm...nary.com/2003-08-03 See the description below the comic. [MechE, Nov 03 2015] Some estimates http://www.sciencef...nto-a-bernal-sphere A bit of unreviewed engineering math [CraigD, Nov 15 2015] // Plasma engines // What's the working fluid ? Apart from this, if you make it a Cube, we'll buy it. Or take it off you. Actually, that's a better option ... 8th of 7, Jul 13 2008 Lunar rotation is phase-locked because of lunar lopsidedness. If the first portion of your project moves mass around on the moon to the point of getting it perfectly balanced, it will be much easier to get it turning. Something you may want to note - if you take a uniform iron bar in space, and spin it up so that the ends are experiencing 1 g acceleration, the maximum length you can have for your iron bar is about 12000 feet - so that's about 2.3 miles diameter for the bones of the structure. Beyond that, the hanging weight of the bar is greater than its tensile strength, and it will part in the middle. Note the assumption that the ends are not supporting anything useful at all. A few hundred yards would be a realistic upper limit for an actual structure. lurch, Jul 13 2008 //// Plasma engines // What's the working fluid ? // Um, water I guess, though the space elevator should be up and running long before then to ferry up whatever would best suffice. We could also alter the course of Halley's, or sombdy elses, comet to impact the moon on a tangent in line with its rotation thus imparting spin which might otherwise take centuries to achieve and gather water to boot. I did not know that the moon is lopsided. I wonder if it could be made to rotate slightly just by shifting its center of mass? Aw c'mon autoboners, don'tcha want to hollow out the moon and go joyriding around the cosmos after the sun has baked the Earth? I am for lunar mining as the helium 3 and other energy sources or gold may make it worth while. travbm, Nov 02 2015 It is my understanding that when the Mars-sized body that collided with the Earth and produced the Moon some billions of years ago, the core of that world ended up on Earth, and the Moon is mostly comprised of less-dense "mantle"-type materials. Any iron core it has will probably rather small (although of course "small", when talking about worlds, can still be pretty impressive). Just don't get hopes up, regarding how easy it is to access, and how much of it there is. Vernon, Nov 02 2015 If there is so much as a gold nugget in the moon I and promise you some one is going to find it. If there is a few tons of helium 3 on the moon some one is going to turn that into a profit worth more than a ton of gold. travbm, Nov 02 2015 Nobody seems to have figured out just how our moon formed [Vernon]. Samples supposedly show that it is roughly the same age as the Earth, but evidence of an impact large enough to have caused that much of the planet to launch are non-existent and there is no accounting for how it is receding causing many to think it formed independently. My own theory is separation due to an early piriform or pear-shaped Earth with a much higher angular momentum coming into close contact, but not impact, with an extremely large body causing a lifeless and irradiated moon-sized mountain to break away. Who knows for sure though? [2 fries], the overall average density of the Moon is 3.34 grams/cubic-centimeter. The density of most silicate minerals is around the same value. The Earth's overall average density value is about 5.5, and about 80% of this planet is silicate minerals. The nickel-iron core is why the Earth's average density is higher than the Moon's. So, tell me again what size iron core you think the Moon has? Vernon, Nov 03 2015 [Vernon] I have no idea what the moon's core is comprised of. Closest I can find to an answer on the internet is; The thrust of the idea was to hollow out the moon and give it spin so that we can colonise the equatorial interior at one Earth gravity, not mining iron. I suppose we could chuck iron-rich asteroids at it if it turns out to be devoid of ore. [ ] the hollow it out and use the iron or for scaffolding paints a neat picture, but it falls apart at spinning the thing around to create -1g at the surface. Literally. It'd be like those sinkholes that appear out of nowhere and swallow entire neighbourhoods, except in this case they'd be shooting off into space. FlyingToaster, Nov 03 2015 Look, if we're going to go joyriding around the universe in something the size of a planet, I'm going to do it on the moon of an intact gas giant. (See link) Alternatively, if I want smaller, I'm going to drill into an asteroid, put a chunk of water ice at the center and plug up the hole. Then I'm going to sit it at the focal point of a large parabolic solar mirror. Rock melts, ice converts to steam, the asteroid expands. Plug a few cracks and such and you're good to go. You could probably do that with the moon, but it's going to be a lot harder. MechE, Nov 03 2015 //It'd be like those sinkholes that appear out of nowhere and swallow entire neighbourhoods, except in this case they'd be shooting off into space.// I'm not so sure... the mass of an expanded moon will be fighting to collapse inwards. Given spin, there will reach a point where centrifugal force and inward collapse reach equilibrium for the equatorial region. The poles would then experience the most inward gravitational pull, and they are not needed to keep an interior atmosphere from boiling off into space. There would be no air-locks to breach and, at some point on a scale I don't have the math to factor, the size of the internal diameter, the centrifugal force, and one Earth gravity all line up so that not only would no sinkholes appear, much of the internal scaffolding could then be repurposed as most of it would no longer be necessary to keep the integrity of the shape. The almost unthinkable part of this notion would be figuring out how to cause the Moon to one day leave Earths orbit and go tangentially-trucking off into the galaxy. We've got a billion years or so and I figured that the direction and time of departure could be nudged in a heading and toward an eventual destination of our choosing if the project were begun early enough. Something like... <drifts off into daydream-land> At Lagrange point one a solar reflector tracks our Moon's course and casts its shade on the lunar surface only when the Moon is travelling towards the direction of the sun and illuminating it only when it is heading away. The effect should be cumulative and able to cause the Moon to break free of the Earth's orbit given millions of years... at which point we'd probably want to slingshot the Sun to get up a head of steam. I dunno, it'd make for a pretty cool sci fi series anyway. The Lunark Chronicles. I read in a book where they use large parabolic solar concentrators to melt spinning asteroid that they would hollow out into a trillion ton space ship. travbm, Nov 03 2015 Which book? That was my second concept. I know John Ringo's used it, but I'm pretty sure I've read it before that, just not sure where. MechE, Nov 03 2015 Citadel (Troy Rising Book 2) By John Ringo was the book I was thinking about. travbm, Nov 03 2015 Decent author, but a rather relaxed attitude towards common sense. His "Spiral"(Helix ? something like that) had a really neat concept for a planetary system... that simply and obviously wouldn't work. FlyingToaster, Nov 03 2015 [+] after a fun couple of hours making some simple, ignore - all - the - material - strengh - worries mechanics estimates of the idea, which in an expression of my space geekiness, I like to call “making the Moon into a Bernal sphere”. Either I made a few power of ten goofs in my arithmetic, or, to my surprise, this seemingly modest (it’s just the lil’ ole’ Moon) proposal takes borderline type II Kardeshev civilization-level engineering – assuming a 10 year spinup time, more than 10^25 W powers, about a trillion times our present civilization. Interested in details/checking my work, see [link] to my dear old science discussion site. CraigD, Nov 15 2015 That is so cool [CraigD]! I'm gonna print that off if you don't mind in case I someday get to learn the math. It was posted as a separate idea, but I wanted to initiate both tunneling and spin by bombarding specific tangential locations on the moon by turning our land-fills into solar furnace/electro-magnetic rail-guns to convert our waste into raw materials and generate angular momentum using wave amplification. It might take more than 400 000 000 000 times the power humanity currently uses but I think that you may have left out the factors of time and harmonically resonant amplification in microgravity. There are other factors too but they are all strewn throughout several other postings much the same way they are scattered throughout my melon. back: main index
Chronic Kidney Disease Make an Appointment - Call us: Whatsapp: +8615512139310 - Email us: - Online Consultation Patient Story kidney disease patient Due to Poor Immunity, Kidney Disease Gets Relapse Frequently: What to Do 2018-09-26 15:57\| Font Size A A A When kidney function is impaired, and immune system is compromised, even a cold can cause further damage to the kidneys, accelerating kidney failure. Therefore, in the treatment process, kidney patients should pay attention to two aspects: one is treatment, and the other is prevention. For some factors that may lead to the aggravation or recurrence of kidney disease, you must take prevention timely in case that they impair kidney function and cause irreparable damage. Infection is the primary cause of recurrence or aggravation of kidney disease. The common infections in kidney disease include urinary tract infections (UTIs), oral infection and respiratory tract infection. -Catching a cold can lead to increased bacteria and toxins in the body, aggravating kidney damage as well as aggravating renal inflammatory response so as to cause further deterioration of renal function. Therefore, you must not be careless, especially when the season alternates, and the weather is changeable. -Periodontitis can cause the teeth and gingivae to accumulate a lot of bacteria. As we chew food with teeth, bacteria and viruses will flow into the body along the blood. The immune system of kidney patients is active, and a large number of inflammatory factors will be produced to attack the kidney tissue, which will aggravate the disease and endanger the kidney. To avoid infection and make kidney function worse, you must do three things in advance: 1. To improve immunity and resistance Poor immunity is an important reason why people with kidney disease are more likely to become infected than others. Therefore, improving immunity is the basis of anti-infection. To improve immunity, one is to pay attention to balanced diet, such as to eat more meat, eggs and milk and other high-protein food, fresh fruits and vegetables, dietary fiber, eat less fried and other unhealthy food; second is to exercise properly to strengthen the body; third is to combine work and rest, to have enough rest, to keep optimistic attitude and good mood. 2. To vaccinate to increase antibodies Most kidney patients can have vaccination. Especially in the season of susceptible to infection such as influenza, you should do vaccination early, which can greatly reduce the possibility of recurrence of symptoms such as proteinuria, and be more favorable to protect renal function. It is suggested that you can choose to have the inoculation in September and October, two months before the outbreak of influenza. Early inoculation is more beneficial to prevent influenza. Just once a year. Kidney patients who use hormones and immunosuppressive drugs can also be vaccinated, but it is important to communicate with your doctor about the medication you are taking and the development of your condition before you take it so as to avoid other risks. 3. To improve bad habits, quit smoking and limit alcohol Smoking leads to decreased blood supply to the kidneys, which can lessen supply of nutrients and oxygen, and lower resistance. Alcohol-drinking, drunkenness and alcoholism abuse can reduce the body's immune function, so alcohol must be strictly limited. For more information on improving immunity for kidney patients, please leave a message below or contact online doctor.
Social Media Posts A New Cause For Lonliness It is of no Doubt that the world is currently driven on social media and its influence has even crept into many peoples personal life and it affects people in a psychological manner. A Recent study states that Negative experiences on social networking sites such as Facebook and Twitter make young adults feel lonely. Researchers from the University of Pittsburgh in the US build on their earlier study which indicated that more use of social media was associated with increased feelings of loneliness. Social media is, seemingly, about connecting people. So it is surprising and interesting that according to their investigations reveal social media is linked to loneliness Loneliness is associated with poor health outcomes, such as high blood pressure, heart disease, and depression. Social media is so pervasive, it is critically important that we better understand why this is happening and how to help people navigate social media without negative consequences. It is not clear whether people who feel lonely are seeking out or attracting negative social media experiences, or if they are having negative social media experiences that are leading to loneliness. There is a tendency for people to give greater weight to negative experiences and traits compared with positive ones, and this may be particularly relevant when it comes to social media.
Theories of Fairy Tales During the past century at least, folklorists have taken a serious look at fairy tales. The familiar tales from our childhood are not as simple or as childlike as we might think. It has been argued that the original context of traditional folk and fairy tales involved little or no differentiation between adults and children, and that these tales served predominantly to instruct and entertain adults. How significant was the role played by these tales in shaping social norms, values, aesthetic tastes and aspirations? Is there a difference between myth, fairy tale, and legend? Folklorists have abandoned the search for origins, but there is still an effort to construct a “scene of origin”, a primal scene of narration, to explain how fairy tales came into being. It is usually pictured as peasants sitting around the fireside telling tales while they are repairing tools, patching clothes or spinning yarn. Many of today’s fairy tales can be, and have been extensively re-worked. They are stories about the quest for power, wealth, and romance, often moralistic in tone, but the characters are mostly opportunistic, they respond to circumstances as they happen, as children themselves often do.. Generally, they are beloved of children, for a variety of reasons, such as an aid to understanding, a mirror of their own emotional longings, for close family, happiness, for independence, to cope with change, or simply to survive, to live, to hope. Children love happy endings and resolutions in which the villain is converted, integrated into the family, or the triumph of good over evil. There are many different theories concerning the fairy tale’s psychological meaning and value, but most start with the premise that the stories are symbolic expressions of the human mind and emotional experience. According to this view, proposed by Sigmund Freud, fairy‐tale plots and motifs are not representations of historical reality, but symbols of inner experience that provide insight into human behaviour. Consequently, the psychological approach to fairy tales involves symbolic interpretation, both for psychoanalysts, who use fairy tales diagnostically to bolster psychological theories, and for folklorists and literary critics, who use psychological theories to illuminate the symbols they draw from fairy tales. Recent research tends to discount these views. There is no evidence to support the psychoanalytic claim that fairy tales aid children in resolving psychological conflicts. In the popular German series Weisheit im Märchen (Wisdom in the Fairy Tale, 1983–8), each volume is written by a different author who interprets a single tale to show readers how to achieve better relationships, self‐confidence, self‐acceptance, and other improvements in their lives. This seems to indicate at least, the adaptability of the original tales. If they help their readers who is to condemn them? Carl Gustav Jung, who had also been a disciple of Freud, developed a new branch of analytic psychology that has had an enormous impact on fairy‐tale scholarship and the popular reception of fairy tales. While Freudian psychoanalytic theory generally viewed a person’s behaviour, actions and expressions as manifestations of the unconscious, Jung looked beyond the individual mind for the source and meaning of symbols. Jung believed in the existence of an impersonal collective unconscious that was a reservoir of images and forms universally shared by all humans. According to Jung, the symbolic language of myths, dreams, and fairy tales was composed of these timeless symbolic forms, which he called archetypes. From the Jungian perspective, archetypes were universal symbols, that once recognized as such, led to transformation and development. This theory is of increasing interest to the minority of brain scientists interested in Jung’s work. The objection from folklorists might be that a collective unconscious origin is at odds with their research, built on distinctions between the three genres: myth, tale, and legend. This is why characters good and bad, humble or proud, often seem interchangeable between tales, or can be adapted in new forms, such as The Wizard of Oz, The Princess Bride, or Shrek. In the telling of fairy tales, it is critical to know that the horrible events described are not always meant to be literally true, and so they symbolise another level of challenge or conflict. Fairy tales also offer historians a window into the mental world of earlier centuries, reflecting the social, economic and personal lives in specific cultures. The current ‘best guess’ at their origins need go no further back than the Middle Ages, for feudal Europe, a time of war, famine and pestilence, a world of step-mothers and orphans, a world of unending toil and brutal emotions, both raw and repressed. The Pied Piper of Hamelin is one tale told by the Brothers Grimm with a historical basis, with the children possibly travelling east to Poland or Transylvania. The History of Reynard the Fox, a French narrative which developed between 1170 and 1250, illustrates the preoccupations of the peasant classes with subsistence and survival. It is a compilation of fairy tales or “branches” written by over twenty writers, whose styles, personalities and talents are discernably different. As a parody, it mocks and ridicules epic and chivalric literature, illustrates politics and the daily life of the time, as well as the all-pervasive obsession with food among the ordinary people. Yet food in medieval literary texts relates also to any sort of intake, be it nutritional, sexual or spiritual, and its necessity for survival and reproduction. When describing basic human instincts, by today’s tastes, the stories are vulgar. The History of Reynard the Fox became extremely popular during the thirteenth century, captivating monks who were fascinated by the adventures of the main character, Reynard, a charismatic and clever fox who draws pleasure mainly from cheating and playing tricks on others and thus is always in trouble. Some indication of how these tales grow may be seen by comparing Reynard the Fox with Disney’s Robin Hood, Warner Bros’ Bugs Bunny, or Roald Dahl’s Fantastic Mr Fox. There is no sign of anthropomorphic characters diminishing in popularity. Violence seems to be in fairy tales from all cultures and in all the variations. Even as children we know that some fairy tales have strong undercurrents of violence. You can confirm this by examining classic fairy tales and learning their original versions. Compare with modern re-tellings, some tone down violence, especially of a sexual nature, but some appear to intensify the original implications. Think of the scene of Snow White in the woods. This is quite tame in the Grimm’s version, she is just abandoned and it is narrated in a very dry manner. In Disney, that scene becomes quite nightmarish: we have a terrified Snow White making her way through trees that have become animated, tearing at her clothes as she runs. Why is the violence there? Did the film’s release during the turbulent mid-twentieth Century (1937) make a difference? One important distinction must be made; violence directed at the child versus violence directed against the persecutors of the child. For example, in Hansel and Gretel there is the disturbing scenario of people who should be caring for you trying to destroy you, as when the stepmother wants to kill the children, and their father weakly goes along with the plan. Or have we, in our time, forgotten the effects of starvation on normal family relationships? Mention must be made here of the feminist perspective. The role of women in the tales themselves, and as tellers of the tales, cannot be ignored, or undervalued. The book to recommend exploring this perspective is Marina Warner’s From The Beast To The Blonde: On Fairy Tales and Their Tellers (1994). Fairy tales permeate film culture as well. Think of Ever After: A Cinderella Story (1998) with Drew Barrymore as a latter-day Cinderella. This seems a laudable concept; why not explore the possibility of real events behind the familiar embellishments? There is no doubt of the cultural elasticity and extraordinary resilience of fairy tales. They can be re-scripted, reshaped, parodied or treated with reverence, and they thrive in the old forms as well as in new incarnations. With Reference also to: When Dreams Came True: Classical Fairy Tales and Their Tradition 2nd Ed.(2007) by Jack Zipes Fairy Tales, A History by Ruth B. Bottigheimer See also Post “More original versions of classic fairytales” at (his interpretation of the meanings behind the tales) and for online annotations of well-known tales. Leave a Reply
Heat Shock Proteins: Science's Secret to Muscle Building Lee Bell Sheffield, United Kingdom Strength & Conditioning Heat Shock Proteins: Science's Secret to Muscle Building - Fitness, strength and conditioning, protein, hypertrophy, sports research, cellsA minor training adjustment could maximise your HSP and help you build a lot more muscle. [Photo credit: Pixabay] What Are Heat Shock Proteins? Heat shock proteins exist within the cells of all living organisms, making up a large family of proteins that aid in muscle protein synthesis and protect each cell from a variety of protein damaging stressors. They got their name from original research conducted on hyperthermia. Researchers realised that when exposed to elevated temperatures, these particular "heat shock" proteins increased. How Do HSPs Help Muscle Adaptation in Exercise? HSPs also ensure that the proteins we build for new muscle fit properly by monitoring a process of cell assembly called protein folding. This ensures that new proteins form in the correct shape. An analogy for this process is to think about the way a lock and key works. If the key isn’t the right shape, no proteins can come through the door. Real World Evidence of Training Benefits Eccentric work - a form of resistance training which focuses on lengthening of muscle under control - has been found to significantly elevate a specific type of HSP called HSP70. One study has shown that repeated maximal eccentric contractions of the quadriceps muscles induced a ~15 fold increase in HSPs, and levels were still elevated 4 days later.3 A similar response was seen in just one session of eccentric training in the biceps too.4 In this study, HSP70 was found to increase by 234% at the 48-hour post-intervention point. Both studies demonstrated that significant muscle damage occurred within a very short time period, and HSP levels increased in relation to muscle damage. How Else Can HSPs Increase Muscle Mass? The hypertrophy benefits don't stop there. The effect of heat shock proteins can also lead to a number of other hypertrophy-supporting mechanisms. Firstly, HSPs have been found to inhibit reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can lead to protein degradation, as well as increase glutathione, an important peptide for muscle recovery. Regulation of intracellular calcium may also be improved, which can lead to stimulation of growth hormone and insulin-growth factor 1 (IGF-1).5 HSPs have also been found to trigger growth hormone release via post-workout ‘heat treatment’ in the form of saunas. When subjects were exposed to twice-daily hour long dry heat saunas for a period of seven days, growth hormone increased 16-fold by day three.6 So a post-workout sauna is another good strategy to further boost the muscle building stimulus of heat shock proteins. The Science is Clear Heat shock proteins are proven to play a critical role in the muscle building process, and all of the mechanisms above can help develop your hypertrophy potential. Take advantage of and maximize these mechanisms with subtle and simple changes to your training. Start with eccentric work and post-workout heat treatments, and wait for the training gains to start rolling in. This article was originally published on Breaking Muscle UK. 6 Powerful Benefits of Eccentric Training See more about: , , , , Breaking Muscle Newsletter Breaking Muscle Newsletter Get updates and special offers delivered directly to your inbox.
Opioid facts for kids Kids Encyclopedia Facts (Redirected from Opiates) Opium pod cut to demonstrate fluid extraction1 Raw opium Raw opium Opioids are substances that act on opioid receptors to produce morphine-like effects. Opioid receptors are widespread in the brain, and are also in the spinal cord and digestive tract. Opioids are chemical substances that relieve pain. There are a wide range of natral and artificial opioids. They are used in hospitals to treat acute pain, as can occur after an operation. They can also be used to relieve pain, where treatment no longer makes sense, for example in certain cancer patients. Drugs that can relieve pain are broadly known as analgesics. Opioid Facts for Kids. Kiddle Encyclopedia.
A scenario for the Indian IT Industry in 2020, based on current political, economic, social and technological trends in the country. Elaboration 2013 7 Pages Computer Science - General Task: „Forecast a scenario for the Indian IT Industry in 2020, based on current political, economic, social and technological trends in the country.” India is the second most populated country in the word, following closely behind China. Its economy, with a gross domestic product (GDP) of about 1.8 trillion USD in 2012, is the tenth largest in the world (The World Bank). High growth rates in the IT industry in recent years contributed substantially to India’s economic position of in the world. In 2012 for instance, the Indian IT business process outsourcing (BPO) industry generated revenues of about 69 billion USD, which is 7.5 % of the 2012 Indian GDP (NASSCOM). However, experts predict a couple of challenges facing this service sector. Upcoming competitors, such as China, or new technology like cloud computing might rearrange the situation (Muncaster, 2013). The goal of the following paper is to focus on the current economic, political, social and technological trends in India. Based on this information, a scenario for Indian IT industry in 2020 will be drawn. 1. Economic situation Generally, Indian economy is expected to grow further in the next years. Indians finance minister, P. Chidambaram, predicts his country to be number five by 2020-25 in terms of GDP (John, 2013). Nevertheless, growth rates slowed down in 2012-13 and were the lowest rates since 2003-04 (Moneycontrol, 2013). Following, the IT industry might not be able to grow like it did in the past. Furthermore, a couple of hurdles need to be overcome in order to ensure future competiveness. One example is the “linear growth models”. Growth was traditionally linked to manpower which “left most Indian companies bloated, out of shape and with declining profitability” (Mishra, 2013). These models worked till now but as Indian IT workers got 9-12 % wage increases last years, nonlinear growth strategies need to be focused (Mishra, 2013). Companies apparently have begun to adapt themselves which involves “huge investments leveraging software frameworks and methodologies to do the same tasks with fewer people” (Muncaster, 2013). Another challenge is the rising competition of other APAC countries. Experts state that “China is at least 6 to 7 years behind” (Muncaster, 2013). This backlog will stay, if India manages to develop incrementally. The ecosystem of support services is better in India than anywhere else. This can be seen in the following example: “[W]orkers [in China] often need to work in shifts to cater to various time zones, which means workers need ferrying from home to the office at odd hours. This may sound like a low-level activity but in the overall scheme every small thing matters” (Muncaster, 2013). Furthermore, the Philippines are emerging. Their strength lays in its call center capabilities and in the English language skills; American buyers find it easier to listen to a Philippine English speaker than to an Indian English speaker. However, India’s long-term experience and its mature services will be the sector where India can still flourish and where India has an unbeatable advantage over other competitors (Muncaster, 2013). 2. Political situation “The World Bank has identified corruption as among the greatest obstacles to economic and social development” (KPMG, 2011). Corruption is also a major issue in India. A survey on bribery and corruption and its impact on the economy and business environment, conducted by KPMG in 2011, showed that India’s energy sectors and information technology industry are the most competitive and least corruption prone sectors (KPMG, 2011, p. 2). Nevertheless, the influence of Indians IT industry has become so strong over the last decades that it exerts a dominating influence on the country’s politics (Guhan, 1997, p. 35). However, the survey came to the conclusion, that corruption in India has reached its zenith and might be reduced over the next three years (KPMG, 2011, p. 3). 3. Social situation Education is seen as India’s “backbone for future growth and development” (Indiaedusummit, 2013). According to The World Bank, India has progressed in its basic education rate and has already decreased poverty by 27 % because of improved education among its people; however, a lot still needs to be done (Sify, 2008). One problem, is that despite the fact that as many girls as boys tend to attend primary school teaching, the gap between the two sexes widens as they get older. Girls tend to stay at home and get married early. Boys are more likely to attend secondary school. This might also be connected to recent incidents of assaults and harassments of young women; many parents are afraid of letting their female children attend school as they want to protect their girls’ “honor” (Spiegel, 2013). Another problem is that the quality of basic education is often not as good as basic education in the western world. This is due to of a lack of teachers or not professionally trained teachers (Guardian , 2013). Classrooms are often over-crowded and therefore some parents are forced to pay for private tuition (Guardian , 2013). Consequently, the gap between the poor and the rich is widening. 4. Technological situation India’s vast IT industry is expected to have moved away from the service sector towards software by 2020. This enables big providers the shift from the intensive human headcount model to a one “utilizing software asset” (Muncaster, 2013, p. 3). Being more a software vendor instead of a human capital provider might help these companies to keep margins and revenues. Nonlinear technology can often be reused with minimal customization such as assets and codes, platform solutions or tools like Six Sigma (Mishra, 2013). ISBN (eBook) File size 465 KB Catalog Number Institution / College Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg Scenario IT Industry 2020 Politics Economics Technology Social Country India Wirtschaftsinformatik offshoring outsourcing
Windows and cats are major sources of mortality for our birds but certainly aren’t the only major causes. Somewhere between 87 and 350 million birds are killed by vehicles each year in the U.S., although the estimates vary. See this study. Barn owls seem particularly marked for doom. Now threatened or endangered in a number of states where they were once common, barn owls accounted for a large proportion of roadkill deaths. One survey estimated that as many as 1,500 barn owls a year died along a 150-mile stretch of interstate highway in Idaho – a death rate high enough to wipe out the local population. You would think that with increasing traffic, there would be more roadkills of birds, but there is a non-linear relationship according to one research paper. It found that more birds are killed as the traffic on a particular road increases but at a certain traffic density the birds start to avoid the roads and roadkills decline. There’s an interesting paper on roadkills in Norway which found that roadkills decreased with increasing speed limit. A 2013 paper reported on a thirty year study of Cliff Swallows killed by vehicles in Nebraska. Colonies nesting on bridges and overpasses flew over highways and the occasional bird was killed by passing traffic. In the 1980s the kills averaged 20 birds per year but over the past five years an average of five birds were killed annually, even though the colony doubled in size and vehicular traffic stayed steady. Researchers Charles and Mary Brown wondered what was happening, so they took measurements of the deceased birds and compared them to live birds in the colony. The live birds had a 4.2 in (105 mm) long wing while the road-killed birds’ wings were 4.5 in (112 mm) long. Studies of swallow flights indicate that shorter wings are better for making quick turns and make the birds better at dodging traffic; natural selection (by vehicles) is weeding out the longer winged birds. Researchers in France measured the distance from vehicles at which birds began flying to avoid being hit. One would think that the faster the vehicle is moving, the greater the distance at which the bird would initiate flight. Actually, the birds responded not to the speed of the vehicle, but to the posted speed limit! It appears that birds which regularly inhabit a stretch of roadway have learned the most common speed, which is somewhere around the posted limit, and react as if the vehicle was traveling at that pace, even if it were dawdling or speeding. Since most cars travel around the posted limit, this appears to be the best strategy to avoid collisions with oncoming traffic. Can we reduce bird-vehicle collisions? Yes, there are some solutions. See some suggestions by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Leave a Reply
Electron microscopic studies of the bursa of Fabricius during the 15th and 16th day of embryonic development in the chick have shown the following findings in the submicroscopic structure of the cellular elements of the lympho-epithelial follicles. In the medulla, basal endodermal epithelial cells undergo mitosis and differentiation into lymphoblasts. During this transformation, there is a reduction in the amount of rough endoplasmic reticulum, an increase in the number or ribosomes, and frequently an enlargement of the Golgi complex. As lymphoblasts differentiate into medium lymphocytes there is a loss of endoplasmic reticulum, a reduction in the number of ribosomes and in the size of the Golgi complex, as well as a decrease in the number and size of mitochondria and in the size of the cell and nucleus. Cytoplasmic processes of reticular-epithelial cells extend between proliferating lymphocytic cells. Desmosomes connect stellate reticular-epithelial and basal epithelial cells but are not present in lymphocytic cells. Nuclear blebbing and vesiculation are frequently observed in the various cell forms of the developing lympho-epithelial nodules. Although lymphocytes and lymphocytopoietic activities in the cortex are sparse during this stage of embryonic development of the bursa, transitional forms between mesenchymal cells and lymphoblasts have been encountered. In addition, lymphoblasts and/or undifferentiated epithelial cells occasionally may pass through the basement membrane from the medulla into the cortical region of the developing nodule. That lymphocytes in the bursa of Fabricius originate from both endodermal and mesodermal derivatives during embryonic development appears to be consistent with both light and electron microscopic observations. This content is only available as a PDF.
1,908 Pages A basilisk was an immortal that resembled a seven-foot-tall, elegantly-featured lizard with slit-pupil eyes that faced forward like a predator's, varied gray and white skin, and silver talons. It walked upright on its hind feet and often used one hand to carry its tail off the ground. Basilisks learned new languages very quickly and loved gossip. The basilisk's main hobby was traveling. Basilisks possessed a unique array of magical skills, including a sort of screech that could turn any being within range to stone. Basilisks were themselves stone-eaters, though Tkaa once expressed a preference for rare or aged stone, rather than that created by his own magic. Notable basilisks
Core Principles The web was designed to bring people together and make knowledge freely available. Everyone has a role to play to ensure the web serves humanity. By committing to the following principles, governments, companies and citizens around the world can help protect the open web as a public good and a basic right for everyone. Ensure everyone can connect to the internet so that anyone, no matter who they are or where they live, can participate actively online. Keep all of the internet available, all of the time so that no one is denied their right to full internet access. Respect people’s fundamental right to privacy so everyone can use the internet freely, safely and without fear. Make the internet affordable and accessible to everyone so that no one is excluded from using and shaping the web. Respect consumers’ privacy and personal data so people are in control of their lives online. Develop technologies that support the best in humanity and challenge the worst so the web really is a public good that puts people first. Be creators and collaborators on the web so the web has rich and relevant content for everyone. Build strong communities that respect civil discourse and human dignity so that everyone feels safe and welcome online. Fight for the web so the web remains open and a global public resource for people everywhere, now and in the future. We commit to uphold these principles and to engage in a deliberative process to build a full “Contract for the Web”, which will set out the roles and responsibilities of governments, companies and citizens. The challenges facing the web today are daunting and affect us in all our lives, not just when we are online. But if we work together and each of us takes responsibility for our actions, we can protect a web that truly is for everyone.
Associations to the word «Graphite» GRAPHITE, noun. An allotrope of carbon, consisting of planes of carbon atoms arranged in hexagonal arrays with the planes stacked loosely, that is used as a dry lubricant and in "lead" pencils. GRAPHITE, noun. Short for graphite-reinforced plastic, a composite plastic made with graphite fibers noted for light weight strength and stiffness. GRAPHITE, noun. A grey colour. GRAPHITE FLUORIDE, noun. (inorganic compound) carbon monofluoride Dictionary definition GRAPHITE, noun. Used as a lubricant and as a moderator in nuclear reactors. Wise words William Shakespeare
March 5, 2020 Agriculture And Its Own Significance Wherever you decide to go, become familiar with a country's livelihood oftentimes depend on its agriculture. In the end, the nation's overall economy exists because of its agricultural land and the products that it is able to develop. Nevertheless, Farming Ideas – SO WHAT CAN You STUDY FROM Agriculture? is considered to become politically and socially stable should it will get supported by way of a solid agricultural base that furthermore interacts with the rest of the related industries. What you can do in case a country's agricultural land continues to be unused or is very abused? Everyone specifically knows that the meals is what feeds the people's strength and with out a stable way to obtain food, the residents of a specific country can't carry out the tasks that they are expected to meet. Farming Machines – How Exactly To Select The Right One For You of the list of priorities that country leaders should consider and a group of hungry people will certainly prove to be useless to the growth of the nation itself. On Farm Tractors , food safety is proven to prevent not only starvation but more or less boost the existence of happy people so that the largest problems will be avoided. Small and currently developing nations also rely on their agricultural grounds as they promote the introduction of the other industries that stand as their main sources of revenue. Nevertheless, an agricultural land likewise improves the country's work. Why? For the reason that apart from the farmers' duty to cultivate crops and increase animals, they also need manpower to be able to have a tendency to their areas. They need individuals who will help them cultivate the lands, look after the farm animals, process the plants that may be turned into other commercial products, and take charge of marketing them. Manpower is quite essential in running the agricultural industry because without it, the advances that research and technology possess introduced will all end up being best for nothing at all. With the current times' modernity, the farmers' competence is also boosted by no other than the improvement in the farming technology as are often discussed in major community forums and lectures for agriculturally related individuals. They are able to find the advantages that may make certain meals production through using the right type of agricultural technologies. Tracing back period, many of the very intensifying towns these full days possess started as the cradle of agricultural businesses. But because of the increasing technological advantages known to man, the people have were able to enhance their lands and enrich their products. Now, most of them are guaranteed in terms of meals boast and production of even more high-end gardening procedures. As Farming STRATEGIES FOR Beginners 's quite common in many nations, the agricultural lands tend to be more often than not found to become situated in the rural locations. It really is in these certain specific areas that the most arable lands are mounted but sad to say, modernity has gone beyond its boundaries that more and more fields are being converted into commercial complexes. Overall, agriculture enlivens individuals and the country in common. The government is constantly on the unravel the methods on what the agricultural products could be developed and sold not only within the boundaries of the united states but also in the international market.
Templars: Fact and Fiction The Knights Templar, a medieval order of warrior monks sworn to protect pilgrims to the Holy Land, have been romanticized in popular fiction since early in their history. The first Templars story, a poem called Le Conte du Graal, was written in 1180 by Chretien de Troyes. Troyes’ work was “imitated” by contemporary writers who linked the Templars with the Holy Grail, establishing the Grail legend which Elonka Dunin described during Friday’s panel as “medieval fanfiction.” More modern fictional accounts range from Sir Walter Scott’s Ivanhoe, published in 1819, to titles from our own century such as Umberto Eco’s Foucault’s Pendulum and Dan Brown’s The Da Vinci Code, which featured throughout Ms. Dunin’s panel as a fantasized version of an already fantastic story. Contrary to Mr. Brown’s mythology, the Templars were anything but a secret organization. They were famous for their dedication to battle: once they had committed to a battle they wouldn’t retreat until the battle was won or every other banner had fallen. They were also prominently involved in civilian life: “It would be like saying Microsoft was a secret organization,” said Ms. Dunin. Their credit was good throughout Christendom, so they evolved a kind of multinational banking corporation and built famous and very defensible fortresses across Europe. Following the early Crusades, Jerusalem was opened up to Christian pilgrims, but there was great danger from bandits on the main roads from the port to the holy places. The Templars’ headquarters were located on Temple Mount in Jerusalem, a site which is sacred to Jews and Muslims who weren’t keen on the invading Christians, making the region hazardous in general. Ms. Dunin told the tale of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad’s “Night Journey” to Al-Aqsa, the Farthest Mosque. The story goes that Muhammad was transported on a heavenly steed to “the farthest mosque” and then ascended into heaven and met the prophets and God Himself, who gave him laws for the Muslims including a command to pray 500 times a day! When Muhammad left God’s presence, he met Moses, who told him to go back and negotiate for fewer prayers. Eventually God conceded that Muslims only had to pray five times a day; Moses thought this was still too difficult but Muhammad couldn’t face the prospect of contradicting God again so he got back on the horse and returned to Mecca. Ms. Dunin debunked some Templar myths. They did have initiation ceremonies, but the rumor that Templar Knights worshiped a pagan deity called Baphomet was begun as a slander involving a misunderstanding about the Prophet Muhammad, who was known as Mahomet and was a hated figure in Europe in the Middle Ages. The eventual fall of the Templars was speeded by similar malicious rumors begun by the French King Philip, who felt threatened by the Templars’ military prowess and financial influence–he also owed them money. Rosslyn Chapel, which features prominently in The Da Vinci Code, is unlikely to be a centre of Templar religion. It is just one of many buildings across Europe containing references to Templar activity, as the Templars were so prevalent for so long, and well-to-do families would often dedicate a younger son to God by sending him to train with Templar units. Academics believe Freemasonry to have begun in the 18th century, long after the Templars had been disbanded and individual monks had turned to new trades, so there is probably no direct link between the two organizations. The Shroud of Turin, believed to have been the cloth that wrapped Jesus’ body in the tomb and to have retained the imprint of his face, is similarly dubious, though it was owned by the family of a Templar who was burned at the stake for blasphemy during the order’s final persecution. Dan Brown’s Priory of Sion was not an ancient cult; it was founded by a Frenchman called Pierre Plantard, in 1956, as part of an attempt to assert his tenuous claim to the French throne. He forged documents supporting his claim and hid them in France’s equivalent of Roswell, NM, or Scotland’s Loch Ness–a place where strange things were already reputed to have happened. An audience question led to a brief biography of Dan Brown. He was originally a musician who didn’t have much success, so he switched to writing novels but couldn’t find The Book that would make his name. Deliberate controversy sells books, and it seems that that is how the idea for The Da Vinci Code came to him. But long before Dan Brown wrote his novel, entrepreneurs have made money out of the Templar legacy, and con artists and conspiracy theorists have found the Templars to be a rich source of inspiration. Many urban legends have grown up about the Templars–Ms. Dunin warned her audience against reading books by conspiracy theorists who believe that the Templars were in league with aliens and that they were involved in reconquering Jerusalem. If you want to read accounts based more in reality, recommended authors include Malcolm Barber and Helen Nicholson. Other audience questions referred to the Portuguese Order of Christ, which many believe was founded by former Templar knights and may have nurtured Christopher Columbus, and the possibility that Templars began the Swiss banking powerhouse. One audience member asked for tips on research techniques. Ms. Dunin advised them to choose a small part of an issue and get about 20 relevant books out of the library, then read only the pages that refer to the issue and work out what the authors agree on, as the consensus is often more likely to be close to the truth of the matter. Choosing books from the “Recommended Further Reading” lists and lists of sources in academic studies will also help researchers. Author of the article Anne Chadwick Anne Chadwick has been dashing off terrible artwork at her home in rural England for only a very short while. She started life as a singer and viola player (please send any amusing viola jokes to rhapsody_angel@hotmail.com) but has turned her hand to proofreading because the world needs writing—ahem—righting. Another passion of hers, alongside music and championing good usage of English, is the learning of other languages. The current target is Arabic, through classes, book-learning, reading Arabic literature and—most important when learning any new language—interacting with real live native speakers; in this case, Arabs. Her current addiction to crochet leaves little time for other relaxing occupations but her comic bats keep her company when the hooks just won't do what she wants them to do. You may see her modelling (or "modeling" in America!) the odd crocheted creation around the con, if you look closely enough. Facebook Iconfacebook like buttonYouTube IconTwitter Icontwitter follow button
Ankylosing spondylitis is an inflammatory disease that, over time, can cause some of the small bones in your spine (vertebrae) to fuse. This fusing makes the spine less flexible and can result in a hunched-forward posture. If ribs are affected, it can be difficult to breathe deeply. Ankylosing spondylitis affects men more often than women. Signs and symptoms typically begin in early adulthood. Inflammation also can occur in other parts of your body — most commonly, your eyes. The areas most commonly affected are: • The joint between the base of your spine and your pelvis • The vertebrae in your lower back • The cartilage between your breastbone and ribs • Your hip and shoulder joints When to see a doctor Seek medical attention if you have low back or buttock pain that came on slowly, is worse in the morning or awakens you from your sleep in the second half of the night — particularly if this pain improves with exercise and worsens with rest. See an eye specialist immediately if you develop a painful red eye, severe light sensitivity or blurred vision. Ankylosing spondylitis has no known specific cause, though genetic factors seem to be involved. In particular, people who have a gene called HLA-B27 are at a greatly increased risk of developing ankylosing spondylitis. However, only some people with the gene develop the condition. Risk factors In severe ankylosing spondylitis, new bone forms as part of the body's attempt to heal. This new bone gradually bridges the gap between vertebrae and eventually fuses sections of vertebrae. Those parts of your spine become stiff and inflexible. Fusion can also stiffen your rib cage, restricting your lung capacity and function. Other complications might include: • Compression fractures. Some people's bones thin during the early stages of ankylosing spondylitis. Weakened vertebrae can crumble, increasing the severity of your stooped posture. Vertebral fractures can put pressure on and possibly injure the spinal cord and the nerves that pass through the spine. The Mayo Clinic experience and patient stories Nov. 08, 2019 1. Ankylosing spondylitis. National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases. http://www.niams.nih.gov/Health_Info/Ankylosing_Spondylitis. Accessed Oct. 2, 2019. 2. Yu DT, et al. Clinical manifestations of axial spondyloarthritis (ankylosing spondylitis and nonradiographic axial sponyloarthritis) in adults. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed Oct. 2, 2019. 3. Yu DT. Treatment of axial spondyloarthritis (ankylosing spondylitis and nonradiographic axial spondyloarthritis) in adults. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed Oct. 2, 2019. 4. Overview of ankylosing spondylitis. Spondylitis Association of America. https://www.spondylitis.org/Ankylosing-Spondylitis. Accessed Oct. 2, 2019. 5. Ward MM, et al. 2019 update of the American College of Rheumatology/Spondylitis Association of America/Spondyloarthritis Research and Treatment Network recommendations for the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis and nonradiographic axial spondyloarthritis. Arthritis Care & Research. 2019; doi:10.1002/art.41042. 6. Elsevier Point of Care. Clinical Overview: Ankylosing spondylitis. https://clinicalkey.com. Accessed Oct. 2, 2019. 7. Kellerman RD, et al. Ankylosing spondylitis. In: Conn's Current Therapy 2019. Elsevier; 2019. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed Oct. 2, 2019. 8. Taltz (prescribing information). Lilly; 2019. Accessed Oct. 15, 2019.
earned media a.k.a. free media, social media Earned media refers to favorable publicity gained through promotional efforts other than advertising, as opposed to paid media, which refers to publicity gained directly through advertising. Earned media often refers specifically to publicity gained through editorial influence, whereas social media refers to publicity gained through grassroots action, particularly on the Internet. According to Wikipedia sources, the media may include any mass media outlets, such as newspaper, television, radio, and the Internet, and may include a variety of formats, such as news articles or shows, letters to the editor, editorials, and polls on television and the Internet. Most importantly, earned media cannot be bought or owned, it can only be gained organically, hence the term "earned." As such, it lifts the impact of paid and owned media. NetLingo Classification: Online Marketing
What is Ergonomics? Ergonomics is the science of modifying jobs to fit the capabilities of the people who do them. Workrelated MSDs result when there is a mismatch between the physical capability of workers and the physical demands of their jobs. Ergonomics helps resolve this mismatch. Ergonomics helps reduce MSDs that can result when the worker’s job requires repetitive reaching, using forceful exertions, bending and lifting, working with vibrating equipment, or other repetitive motions. Ergonomic Management Ergonomics management is the first step, and it includes the following: 1. A job assessment, or job hazard analysis, which is conducted for the various workstations and tasks in the facility, to identify possible MSD hazards. 2. An MSD reporting and response system, which is designed and included in our ergonomics 3. A designated ergonomics coordinator, who is involved in all aspects of our program to control and prevent MSDs through ergonomics. 4.Employee training to teach employees about ergonomics and MSD prevention. Finally, our ergonomics program encourages employee participation and reporting of MSDs. Ergonomic engineering controls may change the design of a work-station, a production line, or the way a job is performed for the purpose of reducing MSDs. Ergonomics may introduce safe work practices, such as providing alternative tasks or allowing workers to rotate through different types of jobs throughout the day so that their exposure to risk factors is reduced. Finally, ergonomic personal protective equipment, or PPE, may be used to provide additional protection from MSDs EHS industrial hygiene Safety consultants in Chattanooga Spartanburg • Wix Facebook page • LinkedIn Social Icon • Wix Twitter page Follow & Like Us On © 2006-2019 All Rights Reserved by Safe Job Solutions, LLC Proudly created by Target Marketing Media • w-facebook • Twitter Clean • w-googleplus
Skip to: What Is Implicit Bias, And How Might It Affect Teachers And Students? (Part I) Esther thank you for a very nice summary of the question on "implicit bias." If step one is to recognize what implicit bias is and to accept that it is a real force, then teachers like myself will be most interested to know how to mitigate its effects. What practical steps can we take to reduce the impact of implicit bias in our classrooms? Are there practices or routines we can incorporate into our classes? Are there practices at the school level that embed such implicit biases? I look forward to your Part II on this topic.
Home » Databases » PostgreSQL » PostgreSQL’s psql \set versus SET About Dustin Marx Dustin Marx PostgreSQL’s psql \set versus SET It is easy for someone who is new to PostgreSQL and who uses PostgreSQL’s terminal editor psql to confuse the commands \set and SET. This post contrasts these commands and provides a brief overview of other commands that include the word “set”. The easiest way to remember how to differentiate \set from SET is to keep in mind that the “backslash commands” such as \set are “meta commands” for the command-line psql tool and do not mean anything to the PostgreSQL database itself. The SET command, which lacks a backslash, is a PostgreSQL database command that happens to be executed against the database from the psql command-line client. Contrasting \set and SET Command\setSET or set (or other case-insensitive variation1) Contextpsql terminal editor configuration meta command (interactive client terminal configuration) PostgreSQL database configuration command (server configuration) Ends with Semicolon?NoYes Command Case Sensitive?Yes (must be exactly \set) Parameter/Variable Case Sensitive?Yes2No How are Settings Displayed?\set3SHOW ALL; or show all;4 \echo :variable_nameSHOW variable_name;5 Examples\set AUTOCOMMIT onSET search_path TO myschema, public; 1. I prefer to use all uppercase letters for SET to more clearly differentiate from /set. 2. Two variables with same letters but different cases are two distinct variables. 3. \set displays all variables when no arguments are provided to it. 4. Any case variation (even sHoW aLl;) works. 5. Any case variation of command and/or variable name also works. There are two more psql meta commands that that “set” things and include the name “set”. The \pset met command configures how psql presents “query result tables.” Like \set, \pset can be specified without argument to see all of the current presentation settings. Unlike the psql meta commands \set and \pset, the \gset psql metacommand does affect the PostgreSQL server because \gset submits the query buffer to the server and then stores the output returned from the server into specified psql variables. I discussed \gset with a few additional details in the blog post “Setting PostgreSQL psql Variable Based Upon Query Result.” Although \set and SET can be used to set variables, the easiest way to distinguish between them is to consider that the backslash commands such as \set are psql commands (and so \pset sets variables in the psql client tool) and commands without the backslash such as SET are PostgreSQL commands sent to the server from psql or from any other client (but ultimately set variables on the server). Published on System Code Geeks with permission by Dustin Marx, partner at our SCG program. See the original article here: PostgreSQL’s psql set versus SET Opinions expressed by System Code Geeks contributors are their own. (0 rating, 0 votes) You need to be a registered member to rate this. Start the discussion Views Tweet it! Subscribe to our newsletter to start Rocking right now! 1. Introduction to NGINX 2. Apache HTTP Server Cookbook 3. VirtualBox Essentials 4. Nagios Monitoring Cookbook 5. Linux BASH Programming Cookbook 6. Postgresql Database Tutorial and many more .... I agree to the Terms and Privacy Policy Notify of Inline Feedbacks View all comments
tuptime – Shows Historical and Statistical Running Time of Linux Systems System Administration involves many activities one of which is monitoring and checking for how long your Linux system has been running. It is always a good idea to keep track of system uptime in order to optimize the use of system resources. Find Linux Uptime, Shutdown and Reboot Time tuptime – Shows Historical and Statistical Running Time of Linux In this guide, we shall look at a Linux tool called tuptime that can help System Administrators to know for how long a Linux machine has been up and running. What is tuptime? tuptime is a tool used for reporting the historical and statistical running time (uptime) of a Linux system, which keeps it between restarts. This tool works more less like the uptime command but though it provides a more advanced output. This command line tool can: 1. Register used kernels. 2. Register the first boot time. 3. Count system startups. 4. Count good and bad shutdowns. 5. Calculate uptime and downtime percentage since first boot time. 6. Calculate the largest, shortest and average uptime and downtime. 7. Calculate the accumulated system uptime, downtime and total. 8. Print current uptime. 9. Print formatted table or list with most of the previous values stored. 1. Linux or FreeBSD OS. 2. Python 2.7 or 3.x installed but latest version is recommended. 3. Python modules (sys, os, optparse, sqlite3, datetime, locale, platform, subprocess, time). How to Install tuptime in Linux First you need to clone the repository by running the command below: $ git clone https://github.com/rfrail3/tuptime.git Clone tuptime Tool Clone tuptime Tool Then move into the latest directory inside the tuptime directory. Next, copy tuptime script inside the latest directory to /usr/bin and set executable permission as shown. $ cd tuptime/latest $ sudo cp tuptime /usr/bin/tuptime $ sudo chmod ugo+x /usr/bin/tuptime Configure tuptime Configure tuptime Now, copy the cron file tuptime/latest/cron.d/tuptime to /etc/cron.d/tuptime and set executable permission as follows. $ sudo cp tuptime/latest/cron.d/tuptime /etc/cron.d/tuptime $ sudo chmod 644 /etc/cron.d/tuptime Configure tuptime Cron Configure tuptime Cron If you followed above these steps correctly, then it must be installed on your system at this point. How do I use tuptime? Next we shall look at how to use this tool for certain system administration activities by running it with different options as a privileged user as shown. 1. When you run tuptime without any options, you get a display screen similar to the one below. # tuptime tuptime in action tuptime in action 2. You can display output with date and time as follows. # tuptime --date='%H:%M:%S %d-%m-%Y' tuptime date and time tuptime date and time 3. To print system life as a list, you can run this command below: # tuptime --list Check Linux Uptime Check Linux Uptime 4. You can create an alternative database file as follows. The database will be created in a SQLite format. # tuptime --filedb /tmp/tuptime_testdb.db tuptime Database tuptime Database 5. To order output information by end state of poweroff run this command. # tuptime --end --table Check Linux Last Shutdown Check Linux Last Shutdown Some other options used with the tuptime tool as follows: 1. To print the system kernel version in the output, use the --kernel option. 2. To register a gracefully system shutdown, use the --gracefully option. It allows you to know whether the system shutdown was good or bad. 3. To display output after a given number of seconds and epoch, use the --seconds option. 4. You can also order output information by offtime or downtime by using the –offtime option. Use this option with --time or --list. 5. To print detailed output information while running the command, use --verbose option. 6. You can view help information by using --help option and --version to print the version of tuptime you are using. In this article, we have looked at ways of using tuptime command for System Administration activities. This command is simple to use and if you do not understand any point in the guide, you can post a comment or add more information what I have put together. Remember to stay connected to Tecmint. References: tuptime home page Support Us We are thankful for your never ending support. Aaron Kili RedHat RHCE and RHCSA Certification Book Linux Foundation LFCS and LFCE Certification Preparation Guide The Complete Linux System Administrator Bundle Become an Ethical Hacker Bonus Bundle You may also like... Got something to say? Join the discussion.
пятница, 27 декабря 2019 г. Could Greece force EU to demand repatriation of Parthenon Sculptures after Brexit? As Britain leaves the European Union, it is taking with it one of its members’ most invaluable cultural treasures. It is likely now that the issue of the repatriation of the Parthenon sculptures will take on a new dimension. Credit: Getty Images As a member of the EU, Britain remained adamant about the British Museum’s rightful ownership of the sculptures in response to Greece’s repeated requests that they be returned. The British government even argued at one point that the British Museum itself does not belong to the state; therefore there is nothing that can be done about the issue on a governmental level. However, it seems that a tiny window may be opening for a new claim that the priceless marbles belong to Greece for cultural and ethical reasons, regardless of any and all arguments of legal ownership by the British Museum. After Britain’s withdrawal from the Union, the country will have to sign new agreements with the EU on a range of important issues. One of these concerns the realm of culture and cultural artifacts. And without a doubt, Greece’s ancient Parthenon sculptures belong to this category, and take pride of place in it. What Greece can push for now is the issue of the repatriation of these particular cultural artifacts to their original and rightful owners, regardless of any possible claims of legality from centuries ago expressed by the British Museum. Greece has made official appeals to repatriate the priceless historical treasures since the mid-1980s, with then-Minister of Culture Melina Mercouri rallying for this cause for years. In 2015, the United Nations began an initiative called “The Restitution or Return of Cultural Property in the Countries of Origin,” which includes an explicit reference to the return of the Parthenon Marbles. A total of 74 countries, including many European Union member states, a significant number of Latin American countries and several Arab and African states are involved in the initiative. Besides UNESCO, Greece has tried to find justice in international courts on the issue, but to no avail — at least until now. The British Museum went as far as to claim that Greece has no legal rights to the sculptures whatsoever and that they are better protected on its premises than they would be in Greece. Ironically, while the museum and the British government have been firmly against the repatriation of the invaluable artifacts, the majority of UK citizens are overwhelmingly in support of the reunification of the Greek marbles. A 2017 poll showed fully 69 percent of Britons were in favor of returning the marbles, while only a mere 13 percent were against the repatriation. Perhaps most ironically, Britain’s new Prime Minister Boris Johnson is also against the returning of the cultural treasures to Greece. This is especially surprising because Johnson is an outspoken philhellene, who has always admired ancient Greek civilization and its invaluable contributions to western culture. In fact, Johnson has even been quoted as saying that the marbles “…were rescued quite rightly by Elgin.” What Greece simply must do now is bring the issue of the repatriation of the Parthenon sculptures to the Brexit negotiation table. All negotiations on any cultural issues whatsoever must absolutely include these priceless marbles. As a member of the European Union, Greece can at last take a hard stance and use its veto power in all future deals made between Great Britain and the EU. Greece must force the EU to demand the repatriation of the Parthenon marbles as part of the Brexit deal. Greece has the UNESCO decision, the majority of EU member states, a total of 74 countries — and even a majority of Britons — on its side to correct a wrong that has been perpetuated for over 200 years. Lord Elgin and the plundered sculptures Thomas Bruce, the Seventh Earl of Elgin, served as the British ambassador to Constantinople. He was a great admirer of ancient Greece and asked the Ottoman rulers of Greece at the time for the authority to replicate some of the sculptures of the Parthenon. Elgin was somehow even given permission to chip away and remove some of the sculptures from the mighty edifice as well. He removed portions of the frieze, along with the metopes and pedimental sculptures of the Parthenon as well as sculptured slabs from the Athenian temple of Nike Apteros, in addition to various antiquities from Attica and other areas of Greece which caught his eye. Part of the Elgin collection was prepared for shipping to England in 1803, but his ship, the Mentor, wrecked near Cerigo with its priceless cargo of marbles. It was not until after the labors of three years, and the expenditure of large sums of money, that the marbles were successfully recovered by divers. After acquiring this first booty of plundered antiquities, Elgin continued to make additions to his collection as late as 1812, when eighty new cases full of antiquities arrived on English shores for his delight and delectation. The British Museum continues to claim that Lord Elgin did not “steal” the artifacts. Instead, the Museum insists that Elgin took them with the complete knowledge and permission of the Ottoman authorities. Taking into account the fact that the Ottomans had invaded Greece, and had no part in the production of these Greek antiquities, somehow has been left out of the equation. It is estimated that Elgin looted some 247 feet of frieze sculptures from the Parthenon. Furthermore, it is believed that Elgin took around half of what was still standing of the Parthenon structure itself at that time. After Elgin shipped all his loot to England, he sold the sculptures in 1816 for £35,000. Eventually, they were acquired by the British Museum in London. However, even back in the early 1800s, the legitimacy of the ownership of the marbles was controversial. Only after a Parliamentary Select Committee debated the legality of Elgin’s ownership, when Elgin argued that the sculptures would be better cared for in Britain than in Greece, did the museum finally take possession of the Parthenon antiquities. Author: Philip Chrysopoulos \| Source: Greek Reporter [December 20, 2019] * This article was originally published here Комментариев нет:
Figure 1: Cas9 Nickase has 1 inactive nuclease domaine to induce specific single-strand DNA nicks (original figure) Nuclease domains of the Cas9 nuclease may be mutated independently of each other to create DNA “nickases” capable of introducing a single-strand cut with the same specificity as a regular CRISPR/Cas9 nuclease (Gasiunas et al. 2012). The use of Cas9 nickases is essentially the same as the use of the fully functional enzyme. Dual Nickases Figure 2: Multiplexing of Cas9 Nickases is used to induce double strand breaks with overhangs with significantly reduced off-target effects (original figure) Double-strand breaks can be introduced through the use of paired nickases for cooperative genome engineering (Mali et al. Aug 2013). A major difference for this approach is that, when two Cas9 nickases are used, long overhangs are produced on each of the cleaved ends instead of blunt ends. This provides even greater control over precise gene integration and insertion (Mali et al. Sept 2013). Because both nicking Cas9 enzymes must effectively nick their target DNA, paired nickases have significantly lower off-target effects compared to the double-strand-cleaving Cas9 system, and are generally more effective tools (Ran et al. 2013; Mali et al. Aug 2013). 2 Responses to Nickases 1. Susanna says: I love this website, and I have used this as reference for over a year now. Do you think it is possible to add a tab, showing how cytidine deaminase interacts with the target dna? I know it has something to do with a zinc finger, but what part of the dna/rna is the zinc finger bonding with? The PAM section? The nucleic acid before or after the PAM section? The target dna? How is cytidine deaminase bonding with CRISPR Cas9? This field fascinates me. 2. suba suba says: phl0kc Terrific Post.thanks for share..much more wait.. Leave a Reply Your email address will not be published. Looking for something? Use the form below to search the site: Visit our friends! A few highly recommended friends... All entries, chronologically...
Alfred George Henry Lay (1869- 1958) Life and Labour Part 2 The next major part of Alfred’s story takes him to America where he must face even more difficulties. It was not unusual for people to emigrate to America in the late 19th Century and the Early 20th Century. ‘Between 1880 and 1924, the year immigration was severely restricted, more than twenty-five million immigrants poured into the country’ (Barrett, 1992, 996) Alfred was one of many who sailed to America in search of something new. Alfred sailed to America on the 29th September 1889 on a ship named ‘the Egypt’ (21). He worked his passage as a storage steward. He outlined his role on the ship saying, ‘I have to help searve the mail passengers at meal time with meat potatos and bread’ (22) whilst it was also his ‘duty to see all feamale passenger off the upper deck before it became dark (22). His role on the Egypt was a mundane one but one that ‘suited all right for the time’ (22). This was until things took a turn for the worse. Alfred was caught talking to passengers on deck after dark leading to him being shifted out of his ‘bearth as stearage steward’ (23) and placed ‘in the saloon galley’ (23), stating that he ‘did not have a very nice time of it’ (23). You feel sympathy for Alfred here due to the fact that he is just a young man traveling to a country that he has never been to, whilst trying to make some friends. His treatment onboard the Egypt causes that sympathy to grow. He does not receive any money from a collection that was put together. He is unable to go ashore after they land at New York and he was unable to get a pass to take his belongings off the ship. New York City and docks, 19th-century artwork. This view looks north-east up New York City and docks, 19th century After Alfred manages to get ashore, his already unfortunate circumstances continue to worsen. He spent what little money he had within the first few days on accommodation and food. I think that the fact that Alfred tells us he ‘had no knife so I used my razor to cut’ his bread highlights how bad his situation really was. Whilst trying to find work in New York he states that ‘I wished I were in England I had never knowed what it was to feel hungry like I was now’ (27). In order to escape the predicament he was in whilst on board the Egypt Alfred sacrificed warm food and shelter. Alfred, who was usually an upbeat and determined person, admitted that he ‘was fairly tired of America and was getting very low spirited’ (28). Alfred was alone in an unknown country, with no food and no shelter, struggling to find work. Luckily for Alfred he was found by Tom Smith. Alfred confesses that ‘He seem to be a bit teched with my tale and said he would find me a place to sleep and something to eat’ (29). Thanks to the kindness of a stranger Alfred had a roof over his head and some food in his belly. Tom also found Alfred work which allowed him to travel to places such as Florida and Philadelphia. Alfred’s work was a massive part of his life. His diary entries portray a life of hardship but also a life of experiences no one else is likely to experience. Barrett, James. Americanization from the Bottom up: Immigration and the Remaking of the Working Class in the United States, 1880-1930. The Journal of American History, Dec 1992, Vol 79(3) p.996. Web. Accessed 22 May 2020. Leave a Reply

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