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Америка 100 лет назад 1910 Ford Model R США 100 лет назад The year is 1910 One hundred years ago. What a difference a century makes! Here are some statistics for the Year 1910: The average life expectancy for men was 47 years. Fuel for this car was sold in drug stores only. Only 14 percent of the homes had a bathtub. Only 8 percent of the homes had a telephone. The maximum speed limit in most cities was 10 mph. The tallest structure in the world was the Eiffel Tower ! The average US wage in 1910 was 22 cents per hour. The average US worker made between $200 and $400 per year .. A competent accountant could expect to earn $2000 per year, More than 95 percent of all births took place at HOME . Ninety percent of all Doctors had NO COLLEGE EDUCATION! Sugar cost four cents a pound. Eggs were fourteen cents a dozen. Coffee was fifteen cents a pound. The Five leading causes of death were: 1. Pneumonia and influenza 2. Tuberculosis 3. Diarrhea 4. Heart disease 5. Stroke The American flag had 45 stars .... There was no Mother's Day or Father's Day. Two out of every 10 adults couldn't read or write and ( Shocking? DUH! ) Eighteen percent of households had at least one full-time servant or domestic help .... There were about 230 reported murders in the ENTIRE U.S.A. ! 1 комментарий: 1. Странно, но я как-то пропустил ваши предыдущие три записи. Сейчас просмотрел и оказался доволен. Irony pictures, IPhone demo, 1910 year - не скучные темы, которым интересно уделить некоторое время. Спасибо за то, что выкладываете материал, который интересно переводить.
Massachusetts residents like you may experience aftereffects when handling a brain injury. The worst the injury, the longer the effects tend to last. This is especially true for damage to the memory. But just how is brain health tied to memory health? How can a brain injury impact your ability to recall things? Memory storage and brain injury The Model Systems Knowledge Translation Center examines the connection between brain and memory damage. As you know, memory gets stored in the brain. Different types of memory get stored in different places. For example, your frontal lobe stores short term memories. This is why short term memory damage reigns most common after crashes. The frontal lobe is most likely to suffer from injury. Long term memory damage is not impossible, but it is much rarer. This is because it gets stored in the medial temporal lobe, which does not suffer injuries at the same level of severity in most cases. How injury severity impacts memory The worse the injury is, the more likely your memory is to suffer. Some victims of brain injury struggle with memory for days or weeks if the injury is light enough. For sufferers of more severe injuries, complaints of memory issues persist for months or years. Some victims never regain their previous state of mental clarity and must readjust their way of living to accommodate for memory loss. Regardless of the level of damage you face, memory loss and brain injuries undoubtedly impact your life. Many victims in your shoes seek financial compensation. Taking the financial burden away can allow you the time and energy you need to focus on healing.
Dr Walker's Church of England Primary School An Exceptional Place to Flourish The last 2 days we have been exploring the Victorian high street that Jemmy has now been to. Let's see what he experiences next in England! (you can start the video where we finished yesterday. We are only looking at the next 2 pages, so please stop the video again at 3 minutes 24 seconds. The children are very used to only getting little snippets every day) Literacy Counts - Jemmy Button (Story time Counts) Stop video at 3 minutes 24 seconds to avoid spoilers In these pages it says Jemmy sees and hears things that are compared to different parts of nature, like "music as sweet as the sound of the ocean." This is a simile, as it uses a completely different sound to show how sweet sounding it is to Jemmy, to be more descriptive and help us to understand what it is like to him. This was done in a similar way by the poet Harold M Telemaque, in his poem 'Riches'. In the poem Harold Telemaque compares valuable gold, silver and diamond to things in nature that have similar colours or looks. What do you think Jemmy might miss from his home? What 'riches' has he left behind? Try and write your own poem, either about the beautiful things in nature where Jemmy grew up, or the wonderful things he has seen where he lives now. Try an use similes to improve your poem. If you're writing about the jungle, compare things there to valuable things we have in English cities. If you are writing about what Jemmy has seen in England, try and compare it to things he misses from home.
At What Age Does Schizophrenia Develop? Learn at what age schizophrenia begins to develop from psychiatrist Jeanie Tse in this Howcast video. The symptoms of schizophrenia generally develop between the ages of 25 and 35. It tends to be towards the earlier 20s in men and towards the later 20s and early 30s in women. There are also people who develop it very late, in the 40s to 60s, and that tends to be more women and after menopause. There's also a very small number of children who develop schizophrenia in the order of one in 10,000 and usually those are children ten years and up. So, it can affect people of all ages, but primarily it starts in young people between the ages of 25 and 35. This is important because it really starts in people who have already established their identity as adults, attained independence, have graduated from college or just starting to college, and it really takes everything for some people. It takes away their hopes and dreams and makes life very difficult. However, recovery is possible and many people find after receiving treatment they're able to get back on track with the lives that they had hoped for themselves. Popular Categories
The Science of Compassion It is indeed a paradox that so many from what are considered developing countries wish to come to the West, where we have an epidemic of depression, isolation, and loneliness, while the U.S. alone consumes 25 percent of the world's resources. However, it is often these "third-world" cultures that offer some of the most profound wisdom and insights that have been garnered over thousands of years, while our own history spans a few hundred years. We have been blessed in the West with the persistence of a number of individuals who brought the teachings of mindfulness from the East and a number of scientists who, over the last 30 years, have empirically studied its effects. Many have experienced the profound effects of nonjudgmental reflection and the ability to more fully live in the present moment. By doing so, they have decreased their stress, become more efficient, and hopefully gained insight into attachment and delusion. Mindfulness can have many benefits -- especially in our modern society, where we are constantly deluged by information and distractions and are living at a pace far beyond what our evolution designed us for. While the mindful path has the amazing ability to result in transformation, this journey is one that is taken alone. It is also one that can be perilous, because without insight and wisdom, it can be in and of itself an isolating, self-absorbing, and narcissistic exercise. While mindfulness can do many positive things, it alone cannot offer what, at our deepest core, we seek, for that is not an inward journey but an outward journey of transcendence. We seek to be connected to what is outside ourselves and connects us with every other. It is through compassion that this transcendence is possible: the recognition of another's suffering and the desire to alleviate such suffering. Suffering remains a part of the human experience. Everyone, either in the past, present, or future, has or is going to suffer. Yet many of us, instead of sharing our suffering and being vulnerable, try to present a mask to the outside world and pretend that we have our act together, and that we don't have fears and anxieties. Often this is hidden by false bravado (e.g., displaying one's financial or academic success), by criticizing others, or by the accumulation of objects. These actions do nothing to end our suffering. We feed ourselves with that which offers no sustenance. When scientists first started studying meditation and compassion, it was with Tibetan monks, using electroencephalography (EEG). The instrument of measurement was an EEG electrode cap worn on the head. The monks laughed when they saw the caps. The scientist at first thought the monks were laughing at the cap because it looked funny, but that was not the case. A monk explained, "Everyone knows that compassion isn't in the head. It's in the heart." Indeed, it is through the heart that we are connected with others. The work of my collaborators at Stanford University and that of many scientists around the world has now demonstrated that, in great part, the monk was correct. As an example, we now know that one of the greatest causes of sudden cardiac death is due to chronic decreased vagal tone leading to an increase in heart-rate variability. Other research has shown that the secondary effect is elevated levels of the stress hormone cortisol, a decrease in immune function, and inflammation. The vagus nerve arises in the brainstem and innervates many organs in the body, being especially represented in the heart. Through a compassion practice, one can increase one's vagal tone and down-regulate such arousal. By doing so, one becomes calmer, decreasing one's heart rate and increasing one's empathy and social connectedness. Even as little as two weeks of a compassion practice can positively improve biological markers of stress and immune function. Amazingly, when one studies the effects of compassion on the brain, one sees that those areas of the brain associated with reward (for food, for money, and for sex) dramatically increase in metabolism. An example is a study done by my collaborators William T. Harbaugh, Ulrich Mayr, and Daniel R. Burghart, who demonstrated such an increase in metabolism. Both when receiving money and giving money to charity, the pleasure centers in their brain were activated. The same effect occurred when they had no choice in the gift. Another interesting study by David Buss showed that, in looking for mates, though men value physical attractiveness and women value a stable provider, far beyond any other trait, both sexes value kindness and compassion in a partner. More germane in discussing our modern age is a recently published study demonstrating that when girls are presented with a stressor, they have a significantly stronger release of oxytocin (known as the "cuddle" or "love" hormone because of its association with bonding behavior) when speaking in person or over the phone to their mother rather than when texting her. There is ever-increasing data that show that when we care for others and feel close to them, we improve our own health and even our longevity. We are designed to care and to connect. By helping others we help ourselves. I submit to you that the suffering or pain that each of us experiences is a manifestation of wounds of the heart. It is our lot that each of us will suffer wounds of the heart. Most of these wounds are superficial and heal quickly, but there are some that are deep and never heal and continue to cause pain throughout our existence on this Earth. It is not that we will not have wounds, as it is our lot, and it is what makes us human. What is important, and what defines our humanity, is what we do when we feel the pain of these wounds. Ultimately, these reactions will determine the fate of our collective humanity. The chain of causation resulting in war, poverty, global warming, ecological catastrophe, and the myriad afflictions of our species is not an external problem but a problem of the human heart. While science and technology offer immense hope for a variety of conditions, until we focus these extraordinary tools on the afflictions of the heart, our species is doomed. Many quote Darwin, implying that survival of the fittest means the survival of the strongest and most ruthless. Yet in fact what he really meant, as Robert Sapolsky at Stanford, Dacher Keltner at UC Berkeley, and others have discussed (and there is now every bit of scientific evidence to support it), is that it is survival of the kindest and most cooperative that ensures the survival of a species in the long term -- in particular, the human species. Unfortunately, technology has evolved far faster than the evolution of our species. Many of us are isolated and feel alone. We know that each of us is suffering, but let me ask you: Have you worked next to someone and knew nothing about them? How many times have you been in pain and felt alone and isolated? That is the failure of science, technology, and our modern society. Science and technology have the potential to profoundly impact the human landscape, taking us either to the deepest, darkest valleys of human suffering or to the highest peaks of human potential. What will stop us from choosing the former is the cultivation of compassion. It is the recognition that our family and our tribe is not just our mother, father, aunt, uncle, sister or brother, and that our home is not just what we can see immediately around us, but that every human is part of one family, and that every part of earth is our home. That is what will result in our transcendence and take us to that far shore, where each of us recognizes that the other is his brother and that, in fact, the world is our home, where there are no barriers that separate us but powerful forces that bind us. I believe that we are now at a tipping point where the recognition that love and compassion, as His Holiness the Dalai Lama says, "are no longer luxuries if our species is to survive, but necessities." For more by James R. Doty, M.D., click here. For more on mindful living, click here.
MSD Manual Please confirm that you are a health care professional Principles of Therapy of Respiratory Disease Ned F. Kuehn , DVM, MS, DACVIM, Michigan Veterinary Specialists Respiratory disease is often characterized by abnormal production of secretions and exudates and by a reduced ability to remove them. The primary goal of therapy is to reduce the volume and viscosity of the secretions and to facilitate their removal. This can be accomplished by controlling infection and inflammation, modifying the secretions, and when possible, improving postural drainage and mechanically removing the material. Therapeutic methods include altering the inspired air and administering expectorants, antitussives, bronchodilators, antimicrobials, diuretics, and other drugs. However, expectorants have shown little or no beneficial effects in clinical trials. Hydration should be maintained. Inhalation of humidified air may facilitate removal of airway secretions. Expectorants are sometimes used with the intention of liquefying these secretions. However, they should be used in conjunction with ancillary respiratory therapy such as improved postural drainage, mild exercise, and thoracic percussion, which (in addition to coughing) encourages expectoration and removal of secretions. Mechanical removal of tenacious and viscid secretions by aspiration may be necessary in severe airway obstruction. Antitussive agents are indicated to relieve the discomfort associated with nonproductive coughing but are contraindicated when secretion of airway mucus is excessive. Products that contain atropine also are contraindicated, at least in theory, because atropine increases the viscosity of airway secretions. Increased airway resistance caused by bronchial smooth muscle contraction can be alleviated with bronchodilators, which may be indicated in animals with asthma-like conditions and chronic respiratory disease. Methylxanthines, such as theophylline and aminophylline, are effective bronchodilators in species other than cattle (and possibly dogs); however, the therapeutic index is relatively narrow and they are less efficacious than β2-agonists. Isoproterenol, clenbuterol, and epinephrine are also generally effective, and sodium cromoglycate may be used in horses with inflammatory airway disease. Corticosteroids are highly effective in allergic conditions, but systemic use may result in adverse effects. Aerosolized corticosteroids are efficacious and associated with few to no adverse effects; however, they require an aerosol delivery device (eg, face mask) for proper administration. Antihistamines can be used to alleviate the bronchoconstriction caused by histamine release; however, they are of limited value in large animals. Bronchospasm also can be reduced significantly by removing irritating factors, using mild sedatives, or reducing periods of excitement. In bacterial infection, antimicrobial therapy should be instituted. The goal is to select either the most effective agent against a specific organism or the least toxic agent of several alternatives. Culture and sensitivity testing of airway secretions provide a worthwhile, although not infallible, guide to determining the appropriate antibiotic. Knowledge of tissue penetration and pharmacokinetic characteristics of the antimicrobial agents is important as well. The following agents have proved effective in the listed species: cattle—oxytetracycline, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, macrolides, florfenicol, penicillins, and sulfonamides; sheep and goats—oxytetracycline, cephalosporins, macrolides, penicillins, and sulfonamides; pigs—lincomycin, spectinomycin, penicillins, and sulfonamides; dogs and cats—cephalosporins, chloramphenicol, amoxicillin-clavulanate, aminoglycosides, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, fluoroquinolones, macrolides, and tetracyclines; horses—penicillins, aminoglycosides, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, sulfonamides, and tetracyclines (the latter with caution due to an occasional adverse effect of severe diarrhea). Aminoglycosides are useful but can be nephrotoxic. Trimethoprim, usually in combination with a sulfonamide, is useful for respiratory therapy in most species but is not licensed for food-producing animals in the USA. Drugs such as enrofloxacin (approved for small animals and cattle but not for horses in the USA) and ceftiofur are effective for pneumonia. Broad-spectrum antibiotics should be used if specific bacteria cannot be identified, and once begun, a full course of therapy should be completed. Multiple antimicrobial agents should be used only with full knowledge of the potential drug interactions. Because of residues in food-producing animals, veterinarians must use these products according to label instructions and provide sound advice to producers. Extra-label use of antimicrobials is permitted in some situations and is regulated by the Animal Medicinal Drug Use Clarification Act of 1994. The hypoxemia caused by most lung disorders usually can be corrected by administering oxygen. However, continuous administration of high concentrations increases the tendency for regional resorption atelectasis, thus worsening the hypoxemia, and can cause pneumonitis on its own. Hypoxemia is often accompanied by variable degrees of hypercapnia and acidemia. Endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation may be necessary in animals with acute respiratory failure or in animals that are comatose or apneic. Arterial blood gas and pH determinations, when practicable, are extremely valuable to monitor treatment. Diuretics are indicated in pulmonary edema. The osmotic diuretics have a minimal action on diuresis, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (eg, acetazolamide) have a moderate effect, and loop diuretics (eg, furosemide) have a profound effect. Others also read Also of Interest
From New World Encyclopedia Viola x wittrockiana omega F1 blanc pur dsc00972.jpg Scientific classification Kingdom: Plantae Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Violales Family: Violaceae Genus: Viola Species: V. tricolor Subspecies: V. t. hortensis Trinomial name Viola tricolor hortensis Pansy or garden pansy is the common name for diverse cultivated plants raised for their flowers, Viola tricolor hortensis or Viola x wittrockiana, characterized by five, almost heart-shaped, overlapping petals and a wide diversity of possible colors (yellow, blue, red, orange, white, etc.), including bicolored flowers. The name pansy also is applied to many other plants in the Viola genus of the violet family (Violaceae), such as the yellow pansy (Viola pedunculata), field pansy (Viola arvensis), and wild pansy (Viola tricolor, also known as the heartsease), the later of which is believed to be the species from which the garden pansy is derived. This article, however, will be limited to discussion of the garden pansy, which may be referred to by a subspecies name, V. t. hortensis, or as a hybrid, Viola x wittrockiana. Ecologically, pansies provide food for both herbivorous and pollinating insects. They also are edible for human use, and the parent plant, heartsease, has been widely used in herbalism for a variety of medicinal uses, such as a treatment for asthma, epilepsy, skin diseases, and eczema. However, the main use of the garden pansy is ornamental, being grown for the aesthetic appeal of their velvety and strikingly colorful flowers. Pansies are one of the most popular and well-known cool weather flowers. Overview and description Purple and white cultivar Pansies are members of the Viola genus, a taxon of flowering plants in the violet family Violaceae, with around 400–500 species distributed around the world. Viola species, which commonly are called violets, pansies, or heartsease, tend to be small perennial plants, although some are annual plants, and a few are small shrubs. Viola species typically have heart-shaped, scalloped leaves, though a number have palmate leaves or other shapes. Plants always have leaves with stipules that are often leaf-like. The flowers are formed from five petals; four are upswept or fan-shaped petals with two per side, and there is one broad, lobed lower petal pointing downward. The shape of the petals and placement defines many species. Solitary flowers are produced on long stalks with a pair of bracteoles, and have 5 sepals that remain persistent after blooming, although the sepals sometimes enlarge after blooming. The flowers have five free stamens with short filaments that are oppressed against the ovary, with only the lower two stamens having nectary spurs that are inserted on the lowest petal into the spur or pouch. Viola flowers are most often spring blooming with chasmogamous flowers with well developed petals pollinated by insects. Many species also produce self-pollinated cleistogamous flowers in summer and autumn that do not open and lack petals (Walters and Keil 1996). The nutlike seeds have straight embryos, flat cotyledons, and soft fleshy endosperm that is oily (Cronquist 1981). The seeds are often spread by ants. "Delta Pure Deep Orange" Orange cultivar The pansy or garden pansy is any of the diverse cultivate flowers considered to be derived from the wild pansy or heartseas (Vila tricolor, also known as Johnny jump up) and often given the subspecies name, Viola tricolor hortensis, but often are hybrids and are referred to as Viola x wittrockiana. Plants grow up to nine inches (23 centimeters) tall, and the flowers are two to three inches (about 6 centimeters) in diameter, though there are some smaller and larger flowering cultivars available too. The various cultivars are biennials or short-lived perennials, but with the flowers and seeds appearing in the second year of growth (Salazar). In general, pansies are hardy plants. The pansy has two top petals overlapping slightly, two side petals, and a single bottom petal with a slight indentation, as well as beards where the three lower petals join the center of the flower. The flowers come in a wide assortment of colors, including gold, orange, blue, a dark blue close to black, purple, violet, yellow, white, red, and brown, and some have dark blotch in middle. A large number of bi-colored flowers have also been produced. More than 250 cultivars of pansies have been developed, such as "Majestic Giant," "Imperial," "Universal," "Crystal Bowl," "Bingo," and "Karma" (Salazar). The name pansy is derived from the French word pensée, meaning "thought," and was so named because the flower resembles a human face; in August it nods forward as if deep in thought (Salazar). Cultivation, breeding, and life cycle A pansy flower Pansies are generally very cold hardy plants, surviving freezing even during their blooming period. Plants grow well in sunny or partially sunny positions in well draining soils. Pansies are developed from viola species that are normally biennials with a two-year life cycle. The first year plant produce greenery and then bear flowers and seeds their second year of growth and afterward die like annuals. Because of selective human breeding, most garden pansies bloom the first year, some in as little as nine weeks after sowing. Most biennials are purchased as packs of young plants and planted directly into the garden soil. Under favorable conditions, pansies can often be grown as perennial plants, but are generally treated as annuals or biennial plants because after a few years of growth the stems become long and scraggly. Pansies should be watered thoroughly about once a week, depending on climate and rainfall. To maximize blooming, plant food should be used about every other week, according to the plant food directions. Regular deadheading can extend the blooming period. Stem rot, also known as pansy sickness, is a soil-borne fungus and a possible hazard with unsterilized animal manure. The plant may collapse without warning in the middle of the season. The foliage will flag and lose color. Flowers will fade and shrivel prematurely. Stem will snap at the soil line if tugged slightly. The plant is probably a total loss unless tufted. The treatment of stem rot includes the use of fungicides such as Cheshunt or Benomyl, which are used prior to planting. Infected plants are destroyed (burned) to prevent the spread of the pathogen to other plants. Leaf spot (Ramularia deflectens) is a fungal infection. Symptoms include dark spots on leaf margins followed by a white web covering the leaves. It is associated with cool damp springs. Mildew (Oidium) is a fungal infection. Symptoms include violet-gray powder on fringes and underside of leaves. It is caused by stagnant air and can be limited but not necessarily eliminated by spraying (especially leaf undersides). Cucumber mosaic virus is transmitted by aphids. Pansies with the virus have fine yellow veining on young leaves, stunted growth. and anomalous flowers. The virus can lay dormant, affect the entire plant and be passed to next generations and to other species. Prevention is key: purchases should consist entirely of healthy plants, and pH-balanced soil should be used which is neither too damp nor too dry. The soil should have balanced amounts of nitrogen, phosphate, and potash. Other diseases that may weaken the plant should be eliminated. Slugs and snails. To ward off slugs and snails, sharp, gritty sand can be laid, or the soil can be top-dressed with chipped bark. The area should be kept clean of leaves and foreign matter, and so on. Beer in little bowls buried to the rims in the flower beds will also keep slugs and snails at bay. Aphids. To combat aphids, which spread the cucumber mosaic virus, the treatment is to spray with diluted soft soap (2 ounces per gallon).
What Is a Refugee? Ages: 3 - 7Publisher: Random House Author: Elise Gravel “A refugee is a person, just like you or me.” With clear, child-appropriate language and imagery in simple shapes and vivid colors—and without pointing fingers at specific countries or political groups—author/illustrator Elise Gravel (the Disgusting Critters series, I Want a Monster, etc.) explains that some children and adults have no choice but to seek refuge after being displaced by war, repression, or religious persecution. Inviting readers to put themselves in others’ shoes, Gravel writes that refugees would rather stay in their countries with family and friends, but must find a place where they can “live in peace and safety. Just like you and me.” The book ends with short biographical information about a selection of such “famous refugees” as Madeleine Albright, reggae icon Bob Marley, and Nobel Peace Prize-winner Malala Yousafzai. Lynne Heffley ©2019 Parents’ Choice Available here
WKMT - Post September 2016 How much should my child need to practice? Updated: 20 hours ago Very often, at the end of a piano lesson, teachers come across worried parents asking: "my son doesn't practise enough! He can't stay focus for more then half an hour! How much should my child need to practise?" The answer depends on the child's age, personality, ability to sight-reading, level and difficulty of repertoire. Children need to stick on routine and piano practice has to take part in their daily habits. I think this applies to adults too. Pianists like athletes need to train their mind and body daily! I don't want to sound pretentious, but here are some tips to help your daily piano practise routine. They might not work but one can always try. Many times, I hear from my students: "Sabrina, I am so busy that I don't have time to practise!" My answer is: "Well, playing piano is your choice and if you want to do it well there are not shortcuts. So, find sometimes for yourself and piano! Take it or leave it!" Nowadays, technology is helping us. There are many apps about music notation, theory and one can listen to repertoire is learning on the phone without mentioning millions of video tutorials on how to play pop songs or classical masterpieces! There are not excuses! We can even practice on the tube. We are all swamped and that's why practice's quality is more important than quantity. A good way to start our practise session is playing Scales, Arpeggios or doing some technique to warm up. It could be useful to practise scales in the keys of pieces one is currently learning and then, playing the relative major or minor. The same work could be done for Arpeggios as well. This way of practising increase the awareness of how keys work and their harmonic relationships. Some tips on practicing Scales and Arpeggios for kids and adults: 1) Practise a Major Scale with its relative minor (harmonic and/or melodic); 2) Practise 3 times hands separately and 3 times hands together everyday; 3) Apply different rhythm, dynamics to have a bit of fun (one day, practise a scale in staccato, another day in legato, the following day in Forte etc...); 4) Scales and Arpeggios can be beautifully played as pieces so sing them and shape them! 5) Make sure that points 1-2-3-4 have been followed before saying to the teacher that this technique doesn't work! After a good warm-up, the fun starts working on pieces. It is very important to set up a daily goal in order to get a sense of achievement after each practises session. Keep high our level of concentration in order to reach our goal. For example: "today, I want to get this piece faster or today I want to work on phrasing and dynamics or I want to learn by heart the exposition of this Sonata". Some tips on practising Pieces for kids and adults: 1) Setup your daily goal; 2) Practise phrases by phrases hands separately making sure that all notes are correctly and fluently played (choose a comfortable speed when learning to avoid changing speed according to the difficulty of the section; that can lead to bad habits which can be difficult to solve after a while!). 3) Same as point 2 but hands together; 4) Metronome helps discipline. Practise a phrase slowly and gradually increase the pace to get up to the performance speed. 5) Even if at an early stage, trying to work out the piece's character and applying dynamics could add a bit of fun. While our heart and brain is focusing in the sound we are producing, our fingers are getting used to the technical difficulties at the same time; 6) Repeat for the following phrases and sections; 7) Do some research about piece's style and composer with your teacher. Composers are human being like us. Genius but human with emotions and feelings. Their music reflect their state of mind. It is worth discovering if a piece of music has been written when Mozart, Beethoven, or Brahms were in love, were crossed with someone, or were happy in a certain period of their life. 8) When a piece is completed, it is time to show off our hard work. Playing in public can be scary and nerve racking but the more we perform in public the better we become. Before exams or public performances, I suggest that my students perform in front of their friends and parents to become more confident. At WKMT there are many piano teachers and we are all willing to listen our students progresses! This process can be time-consuming but it is very important to be prepared for the following piano lesson in order to improve and dedicate time to Aural skills and nurture musicality. It is important not to transform piano lessons in practise time as that would slow down process. It is a waste of time for the student, teachers and a waste of money for parents who are investing in their children's musical education. Notation can be a very painful learning process at an early stage, especially for children, but unfortunately, there are no easy or "fun" ways. It takes lots of efforts and practises but the hard work will pay off in a long term. I always compare the process of reading music as reading a new language. When I am learning a new piece with my students, they sometimes want me to play it slowly to copy me after. I am afraid this is not a good way to learn, and I always want them to read music by themselves. It takes longer, and a bit of moaning from my little students but the benefits show in their sight-reading skills later. I believe in building strong music foundations which includes notations, time signature, key signature, rhythm. It might be a slow process but after a while this boring process becomes fun as children will be able to read their music by themselves and play their favourite songs. There is no right amount of practice for everybody but there is only good quality practice time depending on everyone's abilities and time and the secret is slowing down! Slowing down and not rushing. Our body and mind need time to digest all the new pieces of information! I hope this was useful and I am looking forward to my second month at WKMT in the new venue! Keep playing music and Festina lente! (more haste, less speed!) Don't miss Sabrina's next article: #pianolessonslondon #pianoteachers #PianoteachersLondon #pianoteachersLondon #Pianoteachers #pianoteacherlondon #SabrinaCurpanen 61 views0 comments Markson's Pianos 79 Brisbane Street, London SE5 7NJ, Tel: 02071014479 40 Kensington Hall Gardens, Beaumont Avenue, London W14 9LT Tel: 02071014479 242 Lucey way, London SE16 3UG, Tel: 02071014479 Rua Bispo Fernandez de Castro No. 11 Mondoñedo, Lugo, 27740 • Wix Facebook page • Instagram • YouTube • LinkedIn App Icon • Blogger • Wix Twitter page
GE Energy’s Jenbacher gas engines will use biogas created from chicken manure to generate needed power and heat at a large chicken farm in China. Located in YanQing District, about 50 km north of Beijing, the farm owns three million chickens, producing 220 tonnes of manure and 170 tonnes of wastewater each day. The farm’s new cogeneration system features an anaerobic digester system to treat the waste material, producing enough biogas to fuel two GE’s Jenbacher JMS 320 GS-B.L gas engines. The plant has an installed capacity of more than 2 MWe for use at the chicken farm. Additionally, the plant’s thermal output is used to support the chicken waste fermentation process and also heat the chicken farm in the winter. The Beijing Deqingyuan Chicken Farm Waste Utilization plant will supply some 14,600 MWh of electricity per year and will qualify for the UN’s Clean Development Mechanism (CDM). GE’s agreement also includes spare parts and training for the cogeneration plant operators. The owner of the project is the Beijing Deqingyuan Agricultural Technology Co. Ltd. of Beijing. Other key participants in the chicken farm cogeneration project include Huadian Engineering of Beijing, the engineering, procurement and construction contractor. ‘This biogas project will quickly pay for itself by meeting the customer’s demand for cost-effective electricity and heat,’ said Jack Wen, president and CEO of GE Energy China. ‘We estimate that the customer will save more than US$1.2 million a year in electricity costs alone’, he added.
Other Minds : The Octopus and the Evolution of Intelligent Life Other Minds : The Octopus and the Evolution of Intelligent Life -10 % Běžná cena s DPH 269 Kč 242 Kč 220 Kč bez DPH Tento produkt nelze zakoupit Kód0102907PNGodfrey-Smith PeterZáruka24 měsícůEAN9780008226299 SHORTLISTED FOR THE 2017 ROYAL SOCIETY SCIENCE BOOK PRIZE What if intelligent life on Earth evolved not once, but twice? The octopus is the closest we will come to meeting an intelligent alien. What can we learn from the encounter? In Other Minds, Peter Godfrey-Smith, a distinguished philosopher of science and a skilled scuba diver, tells a bold new story of how nature became aware of itself - a story that largely occurs in the ocean, where animals first appeared. Tracking the mind's fitful development from unruly clumps of seaborne cells to the first evolved nervous systems in ancient relatives of jellyfish, he explores the incredible evolutionary journey of the cephalopods, which began as inconspicuous molluscs who would later abandon their shells to rise above the ocean floor, searching for prey and acquiring the greater intelligence needed to do so - a journey completely independent from the route that mammals and birds would later take. But what kind of intelligence do cephalopods possess? How did the octopus, a solitary creature with little social life, become so smart? What is it like to have eight tentacles that are so packed with neurons that they virtually `think for themselves'? By tracing the question of inner life back to its roots and comparing human beings with our most remarkable animal relatives, Godfrey-Smith casts crucial new light on the octopus mind - and on our own. Počet Stran263 AutorGodfrey-Smith Peter Rok vydání2018
Skip to main content Deadly disease threatens olives While Europe's and the world's people are facing the deadly Covid-19, an important part of Europe's culture and economy is facing a threat from a different disease that kills olive trees. The Xylella fastidiosa bacterium was spotted in Puglia, in Italy in 2013, transmitted by sap-sucking insects such as the unfortunately named spittlebugs. The infection interferes with a tree's ability to move water and nutrients to its branches, causing it to die. In the areas where it was first found, olive production is down by as much as 60%, causing a rise in prices for what remains. The situation is likely to grow worse, as infected trees have now been found in other major olive-growing areas in Spain, Greece and Portugal. The four countries account for 95% of Europe's olive production. Because there is no known way to cure the disease, the only effective measure to save other trees is to remove and burn the infected ones, and to search early for trees showing signs of the disease. It can also affect cherry and almond trees but so far has not caused a major problem. Photo: blighted olive trees in Italy Add Comment Comments (0) Link copied to your clipboard.
Category: DEFAULT Category: DEFAULT Month name from date in powerpivot 15.06.2020 1 Comments DEFAULT Mem Calculating Month Name from a Date Integer in DAX. Therefore passing an integer of 9 to the FORMAT function with the “MMMM” format actually returns “January”, 33 gives you “February”, 70 gives you “March”, and so on. But, if you pass a date to the FORMAT function, rather than an integer, everything is handled internally and you don’t need. Aug 06, · Since dates in PowerPivot come through to PivotTables as text, I think I need to create columns in PowerPivot that represent the year=YEAR([Input Date]) and month=MONTH([Input Date]). The month formula returns a number from 1 to 12 but I want the month name (January) or abbreviation (Jan) of the month. I didn't find a CHOOSE formula in PowerPivot. Here is how, with one date field, you can use DAX in PowerPivot to extract week, month, quarter, and year fields. I’m starting with the field [Send Date]. Its value is 1/1/ AM – this is the standard format for a date field. Month name from date in powerpivot [Hi,. I need to determine the month name as a calculated column into a Time table with a date field as the pk of the table. I've used this formula. Hi @Nicolas,. You can get the month name by using the DAX below. MonthName = FORMAT(DATE(,Table1[MonthNumber],1),"MMMM"). OR. Month Name. If the full month name is required, simply replace “MMM. The data in PowerPivot has an Input Date column. I want to be able to group in the PivotTable on the year and month of the Input Date. instead of integers that are returned by the MONTH function. couple of notes: 1. date field needs to be used to get the month name. 2. Nothing fancy, simply a reconstruction of a fake date from the month number provided, way and write a SWITCH statement and hard-coded for the 12 months. Hi, In our financial system, month is represented by number and started with period 7 (July) and end with Period 6 (Ju. \| ] Month name from date in powerpivot To use a date format (like "MMM" for month name), you need to pass the function a proper date. Not just an int for the month part. Try passing the full date (remove the MONTH() function). And uppercase MMM is needed for month name abbreviated. = FORMAT ([Date], "MMM") Let me know if that helps. This is what you can do to get the Month Name from a date/datetime column in a table FORMAT(MONTH(SalesOrderHeader[OrderDate]), "MMM") Here is the documentation on FORMAT function. I have a dataset which is in "Year Month" column combination such as “”. I have created 2 calculated columns and used Year and Month DAX functions. It works fine. But when I use Month Name and use Format function the date I get same information ("") for that new column as shown. Now, when I say issues, I make it sound like a bug, but the month formatting in DAX is actually similar to Excel which, I’m reliably informed, has a really screwed up date formatting functionality, in which months are identified by the number of days away from the start of the year, not the month number () itself. I sometimes see requests asking how to convert a number between 1 and 12 into a month name such as "Jan" or "February. The most common solution I see offered is along the lines of a SWITCH statement that lists 12 conditions (one for each month). Enter the month names you want to return (abbreviated or not) as values in CHOOSE, after the first argument, which is entered as MONTH(date). MONTH will extract a month number, and CHOOSE will use this number to return the nth value in the list. This works because MONTH returns a number that corresponds to the month name. Here is how, with one date field, you can use DAX in PowerPivot to extract week, month, quarter, and year fields. I’m starting with the field [Send Date]. Its value is 1/1/ AM – this is the standard format for a date field. A date table is essential for working effectively with dates. In most cases, including a date table is as simple as importing a date table from a data source along with your data. In some cases, you might have to create a date table and add it to the data model yourself. Power Pivot makes this easy to do. To learn more, see the following article. Hi. I have made some reports with Power BI Desktop (English version) and I added a column in every report with the formula: MonthName = FORMAT('date_field'[fecha]; "mmmm") This gave me the name of the months in English. I would like to change them to Spanish. I have installed Power BI Desktop. Converts date type value to string. Formating options are: YYYY- 4 digit year, example "" YY - 2 digit year, example "10" MM - 2 digit month, example "06" MMM - short month name, example "Jun" MMMM - long month name, example "June" DD - 2 digit day, example 07 DDD - short weekday name, example "Mon" DDDD - long weekday name, example "Monday". learn how to use the FORMAT expression in DAX to extract the month name from a date column DAX (data analysis expressions) is for Power BI, Power Pivot & SQL Server Analysis Services Learn More. The following screenshots show the Grouping dialog box and the effect of grouping by months. You can see that the table in the Field List has only a Sales Date column, but the PivotTable is now sorted by month – Excel interprets the dates and provides this ability to group by different time periods. Using =TEXT formula, easily Convert Month Number to Month Name and Day Name. For the text version of this tutorial, click The solution is to create a separate column which is a concatenation of your Month number and month name fields so PowerPivot will display it in order. For example, in your date dimension you have a column called Month Number and a column called Month name. When you drag it over in excel, it’s completely out of order. In this tutorial you'll find out to how to use Pivot Slicers in Excel and create Slicers for months based on dates. You'll also learn how to create a dynamic Pivot Chart controlled by the slicer. How to Change Date Formatting for Grouped Pivot Table Fields It keeps the month name in the Day field names, and this is actually a grouping of day numbers ( MonthName = FORMAT(DATE(1, [Num], 1), "MMM") Result: Nothing fancy, simply a reconstruction of a fake date from the month number provided, and reformat it with the FORMAT function. Of course as an alternative you can go the old-fashioned way and write a SWITCH statement and hard-coded for the 12 months. It's up to you. This works in Power Pivot and regular pivot tables. We can think of a calendar table as a lookup table for date groupings. We can use it to lookup a date, and return the year, quarter, month number, month name, week number, weekday name, etc. for the date. If you want to get month name from a date in a smart way then Power Query is your calling. It can allow you to convert a date into the month and extract a month number or a month name from a date as well. So, power query is a complete pack for you to work with dates. Here you have below data and here you need months from dates. The Date() function takes 3 parameters – a year, a month, and a day. The Mid() function is used to extract a sub-string from a field. In this case, the year comes from the first 4 characters, the month comes from 2 characters starting at the 5th position and the date comes from the 2 characters starting at the 7th position. Power BI Desktop: DAX CALENDAR Function to Create Calendar / Date Table (Excel Magic Trick 1367) N dubz no one knows music, 10674 chalon road los angeles ca weather, adp application for cpap, ware dairy farm management software, smart pc fixer gratis, bt lite maplestory slow, cartoon wars blade hack android, brazilianu nu inteleg ce s-a intamplat fileshare, mahjong dream pet link, wii firmware-updater 4.3 b About The Author Leave Comment 1. 1 thanks! Its great Leave a reply
Complex Question Two otherwise unrelated points are conjoined and treated as a single proposition. The reader is expected to accept or reject both together, when in reality one is acceptable while the other is not. A complex question is an illegitimate use of the "and" operator. 1. You should support home education and the God-given right of parents to raise their children according to their own beliefs. 2. Do you support freedom and the right to bear arms? 3. Have you stopped using illegal sales practises? (This asks two questions: did you use illegal practises, and did you stop?) Identify the two propositions illegitimately conjoined and show that believing one does not mean that you have to believe the other. Cedarblom and Paulsen: 86, Copi and Cohen: 96 13 August 1996
Category Archive What’s Your Style? The Different Types of Blues Music Comments Off on The Different Types of Blues Music By Blues music is another music genre under which diverse style of music with similar features are grouped. Although Blues remain the starting point for these sub-genres, we now have traditional Blues music which was coined and maintained out via the ingenuity of several Blues musicians. In our world of music today, we regard classic Blues as the oldest type of Blues music. In the 1920s, classic Blues music was the standard by which Blues music with a difference was known. A few of the Classic Blues musicians are Muddy Waters, Ma Rainey as well as Robert Johnson. After some time, other Blues music genres came up with different forms. Fuse Blues music became very popular amidst the different forms that came up. It was spiced with other musical genres. For instance, Country Blues became popular in the 1960s which are simply a blend of Blues with Country music in a classic way. Memphis was its real home since both genres were the rocking favorites there those days. Of all the Blues music, country blues are the most famous. The best of the songs often tells a story that is usually sad. The instruments are acoustic, but the music itself maintains the structure of the blues. The commonest of the instruments used are guitar and banjo. A few examples of artistes include Union Station, Dolly Parton as well as Alison Krauss. The advent of electronic instruments including amplifiers brought about Electric Blues. Electric Blues sprang from Texas and moved to every nook and crannies of the country, kudos to Texas for saturating the country with Electric Blues. In Mississippi Delta, another genre of music very similar to country blues arose. Although both genres use much of acoustic guitar, the Delta artists use a slide guitar. This may account for the richness of the Delta blues. Delta blues rocks the street in the early 1990s, and people loved it so much. Delta musicians who exhaled from Mississippi Delta were greatly discussed those days. In conclusion, several other forms of Blues music have been created in previous years. A lot of them were distinguished by regional differences. Other Blues music includes Acid Blues and Delta Blues. This post was made possible by our good friends at Meriden carpet cleaning. If you live in Meriden or Hartford and need your carpets cleaned then give these guys a call. How the Blues Influenced Modern Music Comments Off on How the Blues Influenced Modern Music By In recent times, there are various kinds of music ranging from rock to hip-hop to R&B and jazz. All genres of music provide fans and musicians a special experience. Well-known musicians can tweak these diverse styles to locate the most appropriate combinations of sounds to produce remarkable music. Although they seem quite unrelated, a majority of the pop music we enjoy today got some of its concepts from the blues music. The blues music can be observed in some of the most popular artists and bands in history. Below are some of the ways blues music has had an effect on some of the most popular music types. Rhythm makes a major part of the blue, and without these rhythms, blues music would just sound empty. Its beat patterns can be linked to the drum sounds of the traditional Africans. The rhythm of blues music is a special combination of swagger and pacing. Hip-hop took a variety of concepts from blues music ranging from the drum beats to samples to guitar riffs. But the most crucial is that the tone and swagger of blues music can be observed in Hip-hop music to date. One of the most crucial parts of R&B music is the soul. R&b has to do with the expression of very strong feelings, and an ideal way to go about this is to sing songs with original passion. One of the most appealing parts of Blues music is the fact that the musicians sing their songs with all their soul and hearts which ensures the sound is as natural as possible which is the same way with most great R&B songs. This style of music can work well in a very relaxed setting such as getting a relaxing massage at home. Anyone who is an avid listener of jazz music would be able to inform you how crucial the horns are. But what is unknown to most individuals is that the horn sound is quite similar to the blues guitar regarding sounds. The pitch of the guitars is replaced by trombones, trumpets, and saxophones in jazz. Additionally, a lot of time signatures that are quite unusual but can be found in blues music are always utilized in blues although it is usually taken to a more elevated level. Jacksonville demolition was instrumental in helping with this post. If you are looking for demolition companies near me, and you live in Jacksonville, Florida, they are the company to use.
“Enlightened to-day by the triumphal march of science, taught by the most glorious successes to question our own opinions, we receive with favor and applause the observer of Nature, who, by a thousand experiments based upon the most profound analysis, pursues a new principle, a law hitherto undiscovered. We take care to repel no idea, no fact, under the pretext that abler men than ourselves lived in former days, who did not notice the same phenomena, nor grasp the same analogies. Why do we not preserve a like attitude towards political and philosophical questions? Why this ridiculous mania for affirming that every thing has been said, which means that we know all about mental and moral science? Why is the proverb, There is nothing new under the sun, applied exclusively to metaphysical investigations? Because we still study philosophy with the imagination, instead of by observation and method; because fancy and will are universally regarded as judges, in the place of arguments and facts, — it has been impossible to this day to distinguish the charlatan from the philosopher, the savant from the impostor. Since the days of Solomon and Pythagoras, imagination has been exhausted in guessing out social and psychological laws; all systems have been proposed. Looked at in this light, it is probably true that every thing has been said; but it is no less true that every thing remains to be proved. In politics (to take only this branch of philosophy), in politics every one is governed in his choice of party by his passion and his interests; the mind is submitted to the impositions of the will, — there is no knowledge, there is not even a shadow of certainty. In this way, general ignorance produces general tyranny; and while liberty of thought is written in the charter, slavery of thought, under the name of majority rule, is decreed by the charter.” Pierre-Joseph Proudhon (1840)
Historically hashes have been from a large set (say 256 characters) to a smaller set (256 bits). Also, hash functions that are P-complete have no known parallel algorithm; they must be computed serially which ensures a certain amount of temporal cost in computing them. Three questions: 1. What is the technical term for hashes that map to a larger set than the domain? 2. Are there any good P-complete hashes? 3. Are there any good P-complete hashes that map to a larger set? • 2 $\begingroup$ Encoding the string into a Game of Life grid and playing K rounds is an example of a P-complete hash. There must be a better one out there. $\endgroup$ – Chad Brewbaker Dec 19 '12 at 17:43 • $\begingroup$ Combining a hash with an iterated stream cipher should do the trick. $\endgroup$ – CodesInChaos Dec 23 '12 at 23:10 • $\begingroup$ crypto.stackexchange.com/questions/5061/… $\endgroup$ – Chad Brewbaker Dec 26 '12 at 17:32 Your Answer Browse other questions tagged or ask your own question.
Now Reading Python Django – Learners Stuff. Python Django – Learners Stuff. There is been a craze about learning python everywhere. Even in my post, I have mentioned that if you are learning a new programming language for the first time then you can choose Python as your partner. But why this and why people are shifting towards python and what is python Django actually. So Yes, Let’s dive in. Python is an Object-Oriented Programming Language which means it also follows the same concepts of OOPS that you guys are learning from school. It was first released in the year 1991. But in recent years it gained much more popularity and support everywhere. Python is used widely in machine language applications and neural networks. If you have worked with Raspberry Pi (Credit Card sized PC) then you might have also noticed it is also using Python language to code to create communication between the sensors and the device itself. Python Django: You might have heard about a lot of frameworks these days like Laravel, Express and many more. They are different frameworks for different languages and Django is a framework built on Python. It is a web development framework which is used to create website and web applications. It was built by two web programmers at the Lawrence Journal-World newspaper, Adrian Holovaty, and Simon Willison. Great Documentation: As I have mentioned previously Django was built inside a newspaper company. So they used the editors inside the company to create the documentation. Which is was more understandable and clear to all the developers around the world. Because of this, Django became so famous. This is not only because of their documentation but also they are much faster and secure. Built-in Admin Panel: Django has a built-in admin panel to all the admin functionalities. You can do all the database operations from the admin panel that is prebuilt with Django. Yes, of course, you need to program to mention how the admin panel works and also the other stuff in that. MVT Architecture: We have heard about MVC Pattern (Models Views and Controllers). But this is quite different. Django follows MVT Pattern which is Models Views and Templates. Models are where all the database functions are maintained. Templates are the frontend visuals elements and finally, here Views are where the interactions between the models and the templates are being updated. There is no anything called Controllers to do view operations here and that’s why it is said to follow MVT Architecture. See Also laravel auth with sanctum Package Manager: Every framework will have a package manager that is used to manage the installed packages or to add a new package or functionality to your application. Laravel uses a package manager called the Composer. NodeJs uses NPM(Node Package manager). Similarly, Python uses a package manager called PIP. With PIP you can add new packages to your Django project very easily which introduces you to great functionalities. And that is a wrap up about Python Django. If you have any questions about it kindly mention that in your comments. Any programming doubts join our forum. Follow us on our facebook page. Our developer facebook group iFrame is available at the right of this content if you are from a desktop or join through this link. View Comments (0) Leave a Reply Your email address will not be published. Scroll To Top
a magazine on ecological agriculture a one stop treasure of practical field experiences Vegetable – based farming system – Enhancing gains through appropriate crop combinations Wajih S, Singh BK, Singh AK and Srivastava A Multi layered farming Amidst the risk of recurrent floods and prolonged waterlogging with changing climate thresholds, 265 households of small and marginal farmers in eastern Uttar Pradesh and North western Bihar are setting new safe pathways towards developing flood-resilient vegetable farming.Adopting multi-layered farming technique, vegetable growers are harvesting two to three crops in the same piece of land simultaneously and have increased their net profit by more than double. The whole of the middle Ganga plain, which includes most parts of eastern Uttar Pradesh and western Bihar, despite being blessed by heavy rainfall (around 1200 mm), surface water from perennial rivers like Ganga, Ghaghara, Rapti and Gandak and fertile soil, mono-cropping farming activities have been dominant in the region with only one Rabi crop, being fully cultivated. The Kharif crop invariably suffers heavy damage due to recurrent floods or long durations of waterlogging in low-lying areas. Owing to large dependency on weather-based livelihood, mass existence of small and marginal farmers (more than 80 per cent), small and marginal landholding size (84 per cent below one hectare), the limited scope of mechanization in agriculture has forced these vulnerable people to represent poor human development indices. Besides, the changing climatic thresholds and intensifying hydro-meteorological disasters have exacerbated the vulnerabilities of the people in the region and forced people into a vicious cycle of poverty and indebtedness. Considering the above-mentioned situations of the region, it has become important to address the issues of the small and marginal farmers to minimise the impact of crop damage and enhance the net profit by adopting innovative technologies. The percentage of small and medium farmers in our country is very high but due to the small size of their farms, are not being recognised as real contributors to the nation’s economy, though providing livelihoods. In the campaign to make the country self-reliant, it has become important to understand the role of the small and marginal farmers in achieving the goal of Atmanirbhar Bharat and concerted efforts to be made to make this small farms more profitable and productive. Prima facie, it seems a challenging task to achieve; however, these farmers have proven it by doing smart farm planning and by adopting appropriate crop combinations through the multi-layered farming system. The technology The multi-layered farming system is not a new technique of farming (See Box1). Farmers are practising it for a long time. But the improvisation in this technology made is the synergy of local knowledge of adopting appropriate crop (vegetable crops) combinations, its survivability in waterlogging condition and above all, the low risk of a complete crop failure. Box 1:Multi layered farming Multi-layered farming maximises the use of land by adopting appropriate crop combinations with space (planting crops vertically, horizontally and underground) and time management (considering the duration of plant growth, maturity and fruiting). In the farming system, the first level is the underground surface, which promotes the production of tuber crops, the second strata is the ground surface on which various types of leafy and fruit vegetable are grown while the third level is the raised bamboo machan/ platform (generally 8 feet above the ground), where creeper vegetables are grown. This technique of farming increases the net sown area, reduces the input cost and more importantly enriches the fertility of the soil and adds organic nutrients to the soil. The technology emphasises on space and time management. It focuses on smart farm planning and selection of appropriate crop combinations of vegetables with different root zones, maturity period, demand for solar energy (sunlight) and plant height. This technique of farming is being piloted in Campierganj and Jungle Kaudia Block of Gorakhpur district and Nautan block of West Champaran, Bihar, under the Core Support Program supported by the Department of Science and Technology (DST), New Delhi. The inherent uniqueness and competitive advantages of the technology have not only paved a way for optimum land utilization but also opened up avenues for farmers to reduce input cost and increase the profit margin to an extent of more than double. However, the vegetable-based multilayer farming is a labour-intensive technique, demands regular monitoring, smart planning at farm level as well as appropriate crop selection. If it is not done properly, it affects the production of crops and overall profit margins. Apart from this, it requires an additional cost of 25 thousands per acre on preparing bamboo-based machan /Platform etc., However, this is a one-time investment for the year and lasts for more than three to four years. The initiative of multi-layered farming with appropriate crop combination, on a pilot basis was started in 2019 over 3 acres of land in Gorakhpur and west Champaran. The research team had taken a comprehensive list of locally grown vegetables and segregated three pairs (six crops) of crops combination of creepers, tuber and leafy vegetables. This segregation of crops was based on the parameter of pH level of the soil, property of root zone depth of the crops, availability and duration of solar energy (sunlight), nature/ property of crop, the tolerance level of crops to waterlogging and life cycle of the plants i.e time of sowing, transplanting, growth, and maturity of the crops. Crop Combination trials Three pairs of crop combinations are evolved of six crops. All these six crops are strategically selected based on time of sowing, duration of vegetative growth; time of harvesting and most importantly the demand for sunlight energy for growth. 1. Bitter gourd and Potato crop: This is the combination of a creeper (bitter gourd) and tuber crop (Potato). Bitter gourd is a 6-months (August to February) crop while the potato is 4 months crop. Bitter gourd is planted in the month of August and its vegetative growth goes up to October. In November-December, as soon as the moisture in the atmosphere becomes less, the leaves of the bitter gourd start to fall and sufficient sunlight gets on the ground surface. This gives an opportunity to take another crop. Considering the nature of the life cycle of bitter gourd crop, potato is the only high demanding vegetable that can be taken with bitter gourd. So, farmer sows potatoes in October in the same field. It receives sufficient sunlight during November and December even under the machan of bitter gourd for its vegetative growth. Potato is harvested in February – March. In this way, using proper space and time management, farmer can harvest one additional crop and hence get an extra income. For estimating the net profit of this combination with reference to solo cropping, three fields of one acre were selected. Two with solo crop (bitter gourd and potato separately) and one with the combination of both, using multi-layered farming. Producing bitter gourd and potato on two different farms of oneacre size, requires an input cost (collectively) of around Rs. 59,000. But, when both these crops are cultivated through multilayer farming technique, its production cost drastically reduces to Rs. 38,380. Thus, in the multi-layered farming system, the input cost for producing bitter gourd and potato collectively reduced by 35 percent and increases the profit differences by 25.89 and 45.51 percent, respectively, from the sole cropping. Thus, the input-output and net gain margins in this crop combination was much better in comparison to individual crops of bitter gourd and potato which is shown in Table 1. Table 1: Comparative Input-output cost, Profit in individual, and combination of Potato and Bitter gourd Crop Production (in quintal)/ acre Input cost in (Rs ) Income Net Gain in Rs Bitter gourd 56.70 29,880.00 56700.00 26,900.00 Potato 98.92 29,200.00 49460.00 20,260.00 Bitter Gourd + Potato 122.60 38,380.00 82,475.00 44,095.00 2. IVY Gourd and Elephant Ear: IVY Gourd (local name ‘Kundru’) is a traditional creeper, grown in the area as a cash crop. The combination of cultivating elephant ear was successfully tried with IVY in one-acre area. As both these crops are taken during the Kharif season, while selecting this crop combination, the criteria of water tolerance and availability of sunlight for vegetative growth was prominently considered. IVY gourd is a water-tolerant crop, resistant even for 15-18 days of waterlogging while the elephant ear is a tuber crop, and does not require much sunlight. The crop calendar and input-output and profit margins of both these crops are given in Table 2. In this trial, the combination with an additional compatible crop enhances the profit and also compensates lowering of the yield of IVY gourd in case of damage of roots due to flooding. Elephant ear and IVY cultivation in combination increase the net gain difference by 75.9 and 92.5 per cent,respectively, when compared to sole cultivation. Table 2: Comparative Input -output cost analysis of individual and combination of IVY gourd and Elephant Ear Crop Production in quintal / acre Input cost ( In Rs) Income (in Rs) Net gain (in Rs ) Elephant Ear 32.60 28,550.00 48,900.00 20,350.00 IVY Gourd 42.50 27,500.00 42,500.00 15,000.00 IVY gourd + Elephant ear 69.25 33,840.00 81,625.00 47,785.00 3. Bottle gourd and Cabbage: The third successful combination tried out was bottle gourd- a traditional creeper extensively grown in the area with cabbage, a leafy crop. As both the crops demand more sunlight for growth and fruiting, again while selecting these crops, the timing of sowing the crop and availability of sunlight are the important criteria. Bottle gourd crop is planted during June-July month and it takes two months (August and September) for its vegetative growth. However, in November- December due to decreasing moisture in the air, its leaves are shed. Hence, beneath the machan of bottle gourd, sufficient light gets available for the growth of cabbage crop. Farmers transplant the cabbage saplings in the field from the nursery at the end of November. Cabbage is harvested during December- January –February. Therefore, the multi-layered farming technique helps in procuring yield of both the crops and increases profit per unit of land. Table 3: Comparative Input -output cost analysis of individual and combination of Bottle gourd and Cabbage Crop Production in quintal / acre Input cost (in Rs) Income (in Rs Net gain (in Rs ) Bottle Gourd 53.50 28.186.00 53,500.00 25,314.00 Cabbage 120.00 33,800.00 60,000.00 26,200.00 Bottle Gourd + cabbage 145.00 40,360.00 96,800.00 56,440.00 The above appropriate crop combinations in multi-layered farming system helped in enhancing the profits of farmers.At the same time, they increased the spread of harvest time so that there is continued income for the farmer for a longer period. The advantages of the technology are: • Per unit land area production is enhanced. • Longer spread of market income. • Soil moisture is protected with optimum use of soil nutrients. • Higher Land Equivalent Ratio (LER). Birbal, a small vegetable grower of Suras village of Campierganj block of Gorakhpur district. He primarily cultivates vegetables on his 0.18 acres of land. He grows sponge gourd, bitter gourd, beans, brinjal, ridge gourd and tomato. For the first time in 2020-21, he cultivated vegetables on his 0.18 acres of land with the multi-layered farming method. He cultivated beans on the surface and bitter gourd on Machan of his 0.18-acre field. He also planted sponge gourd on all four sides of the field. Thus, the total input cost incurred on seed, preparation of field and irrigation was around Rs. 5,870.00 coupled with Rs 4500 for making machan/ Platform with bamboo. Despite lockdown from March to May 2020, Birbal said, “In last three months I sold beans of Rs 5,890.00 and bitter gourd of Rs 13,970.00”. He earned a total of Rs 19,860.00 from both crops by investing 10,370.00. Thus, the net profit was Rs 9,490.00 (More than 91 % of the input cost). When Birbal’s income was compared with another farmer Mr. Paekran, his neighbour, who cultivated bitter gourd only in his field of 0.18 acres with input cost of Rs 1150000 it was noticed that he got a better yield and sold bitter gourd of a total Rs. 16,000.00. However, when compared with a total net gain, Birbal got 52.37 per cent more profit than the Mr Paikaran with the same size of the plot area. As observed in various trials, the crop combination and multi-layered farming helped farmers in reducing input costs and increased profit due to factors like optimization of resources and reduced input needs (fertilizers, pesticides, irrigation, labour) and reduced losses due to floods/inundation. This provided better net gains and enhanced LER helping farmers in enhancing their income from farming. Based on the above-mentioned analysis, it is clear that vegetable-based flood resilient multi-layered farming technique is more profitable. The benefits can be seen as follows: • The farmers can take two or more crops in a single field simultaneously. Thus, provide higher profit in each combination which ranges between (115% to 147%) from the same piece of land. • The need for both crops is fulfilled in the same irrigation, manure, weeding and hoeing. This reduces extra input cost by 33 percent on an average, thereby, increasing the profit margin. • With the inclusion of diversity in multi-layered farming, the quality and nutrition content in the soil improves. Also, having many crops in the same field during a time, it reduces the chance of getting impacted by diseases and infection. The technology is most appropriate to all the small and marginal farmers of Indo-Gangetic Brahmaputra plains who have limited scope for farm mechanisation. Initially, the technique was started and tested in a small segment with 9 model farmers of village Jungle Kaudia in block Campierganj of Gorakhpur, UP and Nautan block of West Champaran Bihar, with six vegetable combinations. In two years, it has scaled up to 265 households in Gorakhpur and West Champaran. Now farmers are experimenting more combinations and innovatingon their farms to extend their profit and minimise their losses incurred due to flood and waterlogging. We are grateful to the SEED Division of Ministry of Science and Technology for providing financial support for developing technologies for the benefit of small-marginal farmers under the CORE project. Wajih S Gorakhpur Environmental Action Group 224, Purdilpur, M G College Road Gorakhpur – 273 001, Uttar Pradesh, INDIA Email: geag@geagindia.org Website: www.geagindia.org
Question: How Many Copper Nails Does It Take To Kill A Tree Stump? How do you secretly kill leylandii? To kill a tree undetected, drive copper rods or nails into the base of the tree to the heart. The copper sets up a negative electrical potential with the ground, inhibiting the rising sap and the tress dies over a few weeks. Works every time.. Does putting a nail in a tree harm it? Generally, no, something the size of a nail hammered into a tree won’t hurt it. The nail would most likely be inserted about an inch to an inch and a half into the bark. … With such trees the nail could damage the tissues responsible for moving water and nutrients throughout the tree’s system. Do copper nails kill ivy? According to the Cooperative Extension System, driving a couple of copper nails through the bark of a tree can stop its growth and kill it. How many copper nails does it take to kill a tree? The technique for killing trees with copper nails is quite simple. Purchase 100% copper nails and pound them into the tree. I have heard of people using one nail or hammering them in all the way around the tree. Once they are in let the tree sit until it dies. What kills trees quickly? Here are the fastest and most effective ways to kill trees large and small.Spray Trees. At one of my rentals, I have large Chinese Elm trees. … Cut and Remove Tree. If your tree is not a weed tree you may only need to cut it down. … Best Chemical Tree Killer. … Seal Stump with Plastic. … Call An Arborist. … Salt. … Copper Nails. … Girdling.More items… Do copper nails rot tree stumps? Yes, friends, let an old Ranger reveal a terrible truth – copper nails do not kill trees. … Driving a copper nail into a tree does nothing. You might kill a tree if you bought enough copper nails to make a pile big enough to hide the tree, but short of that you’re wasting your time. Do copper nails kill tree roots? The idea that one copper nail will kill a tree is only true for very small trees, such as saplings. … After the tree is dead, remove the nails before removing the tree. Otherwise, the nails could fly out and injure someone or they could damage the machinery being used to remove the tree since there are many nails. How much salt will kill a tree? The number of holes to drill depends on how the tree is. It can be between four to six holes spread around the tree. Step 2: Mix in two parts of salt to one part of water. Initially, you may need about six cups of salt and three cups of water. Can bleach kill a tree? If bleaching a tree stump can kill it, then killing tree roots with bleach will work as well. Simply expose the roots you want gone by cutting into them. Using a drill is also a good option; just drill holes right into the roots you wish to be rid of. How long does it take for a tree to die with copper nails? It will take between 1 to 2 years. Therefore the tree must be left standing. If there is any risk to people or property from a falling tree, this technique should not be used. Do not use alternative methods of killing a tree. How do you kill a tree without anyone knowing? Another way to slowly poison a tree without anyone knowing is to use copper nails. I have read mixed reviews with this idea and when it does work it takes a long time like over a year to kill a tree but basically you can hammer copper nails into a tree and the copper will slowly poison the tree to death. How do you rot a tree stump fast? When the tree is as low to the ground as you can get it, drill holes a few inches deep into the stump in various locations. Use the widest drill bit possible; the deeper and wider the holes, the better. Fill the holes first with water and then a fertilizer high in nitrogen. Cow manure can do the trick. How do you kill an unwanted big tree? Select the right weed killer such as glyphosate. With glyphosate, mix an herbicide solution with about 20% active ingredients. Use a tool to cut into the bark. This can be a chisel or knife for small trees, a hatchet for bigger trees, and a drill for the larger trees. How long does it take to kill a stump? around two to four weeksAs with any other root killer, you must first cut the tree down, remove the soil and add the chemical concentrate. Normally, the concentrate will then need around two to four weeks to take full effect and kill the stump. Will vinegar kill a stump? Homemade Herbicide Select a warm, dry day and fill a spray bottle with undiluted white vinegar. Spray vinegar to thoroughly coat the leaves of shoots growing back from the tree roots and stump. This destroys the leafy top growth that is supplying the roots with food and eventually kills the remaining tree roots.
donate Books CDs HOME updates search contact UNESCO’s Rights of Animals – I There Is No Equality between Man & Animals Prof. Plinio Corrêa de Oliveira We will start to analyze today the recent Universal Declaration of Animal Rights by UNESCO (issued October 15, 1978, without the corrections made in 1989). Toward this end, I first need to explain Catholic doctrine regarding life in the different kingdoms of creation. The Church explains that life results from an agent that is the principle of life existent in each being. This agent is connatural to the being: It is the human soul in men, the animal soul in the animals and the vegetable soul in the plants. Scholasticism teaches that the soul is the principium vitae, the mysterious principle that confers life to the living being. Human soul, animal soul & vegetable soul There are three types of souls just as there are three ranks of beings. The highest, the human soul, is rational, it understands itself as well as external things. Panoply of weapons A man and an ox view a panoply differently For example, regarding external things, if an ox and I were both to view a panoply of weapons like the one we have here, we would see the same thing. Probably the ox would see it better than I, because it does not use glasses, but it does not understand the panoply; it cannot grasp its meaning or its end. The ox has only a visual perception of the panoply, which it receives through its eyes. As for internal things, above all, the ox cannot know itself. I can say that I know that I exist, that I am not others and that others are not I. From his early childhood a man acquires the notion that he is an individual unit. This is perhaps the first the notion of “I” that comes to us. I am a closed circuit, as is each one of the others. This first notion of “I” is followed by another: that I am not the others. I am a person different from them. So, I conclude that I have interests, rights and duties that are different from those of the others. This is how an intellectual being, whose soul is spiritual, acts. When a man dies, his soul is separated from his body, appears before God and is judged; then it goes to Heaven, Purgatory or Hell. This is what happens to a spiritual soul. Now, the animal does not have a spiritual soul. Its vital principle is linked to matter, is co-identical to matter. It has knowledge of exterior things but it does not understand what it sees and it does not have knowledge of itself; it has no consciousness of what it is. Next, there is the vegetable kingdom, in which each plant does not even have knowledge of the external world. Its vital principle is so limited that it only lives and does not have movement. Last on the scale are the minerals, which have no life at all. Hierarchy in creation By the order established by God, all these beings are good and were created in the image and likeness of God. hunting scene A medieval hunting scene illustrates man's right to kill and eat animals What is the difference between image and likeness? Roughly speaking it is like this: A son can be the image of his father because he is very similar to his father. However, when an artist chisels a work of art – for example, a pitcher – he imprints on his work an analogy with himself that is like him, his likeness. This does mean neither that the pitcher has the face of the artist nor that the artist has a face shaped like a pitcher; rather, there is a trait of the artist’s talent in the pitcher, which we call an analogy or likeness. We men are the sons who are similar to the Father; the animal is the pitcher analogous to the Artist. God established as a principle that all the other beings should exist for the service of men. So, the animals and the plants exist for the service of men. Man, however, does not exist for the service of man. A man cannot kill another man or eat another man because each man was created directly for God. But man has the right to kill and eat the animal because the latter was created by God for man. The plant was created by God for the man and the animal. An exception to the rule: the Venus fly trap captures and feeds on insects Man has the right to eat an ox and a plant. The ox also eats the plant – but not because he has rights. A being that does not have a spiritual soul has no rights. An ox eats a plant because it is according to nature for it to do so. It is much rarer that a plant eats an animal, although some cases exist. For example, there are some plants, like the Venus fly trap, that catch insects that pass with a trapping structure in its leaves. The fly remains in that green prison until it deteriorates and its matter is assimilated by the plant. We can say, therefore, that the plant ate the insect, it assimilated the animal. But this is an exception in nature. The order established by God is that the superior being, which is the animal, should be served by the inferior being, which is the plant and, thus, the animal can eat the plant. Consequently, to affirm that there is equality among men, animals and plants is to deny the superiority of man, the role of the spiritual soul in man, which gives him rights over the animals. To affirm this equality is to deny the spirituality of the soul. Since anyone who denies the human soul denies God, this is tantamount to make a profession of faith in materialism. Or, better said, it is an affirmation of non-faith, of atheism, because atheism is not a faith. The doctrines of metempsychosis There are religious doctrines, such as metempsychosis, that deny what the Church teaches. They believe in the transmigration of the soul, the reincarnation of souls after death. The religion of Brahmanism, for example, affirms that man was created by god and when he follows the correct path on earth and dies, he is integrated into that god. Dazu wheel of reincarnation The Buddhist wheel in the Dazu grotto summarizes the endless cycle of reincarnations But its god is a kind of vague ethereal cloud, not a person. The soul of the dead man enters it and expands agreeably, like a sort of smoke. Imagine in a church the smoke that comes from the grains of incense in contact with the blazing charcoal. The resulting smoke, following the principle of the dilation of gases, expands and mixes with the air in the church; after a while it is incorporated into the air of the church. This gives us an idea of how a Brahmanist understands the final end of man. God would be like this air and man would be like the smoke that dissolves in that air without knowing or feeling anything. The Brahmanists consider knowing and feeling to be evil. According to them, man is unhappy because he knows and feels. What is good is to annihilate the self and escape individualism, which makes him suffer. When a man is bad on this earth, he dies and becomes an animal; if he is very bad, he becomes a plant. Then, if he does well as a plant in the new cycle, he is raised up to be an animal; finally, he becomes man again and has another chance to become god. This doctrine comports the idea that many persons remain in this cycle perpetually and that it is very difficult to escape it and be fused into the divinity. These doctrines are contrary to Catholic doctrine and condemned by the Church. Note: These comments were made on November 8, 1978, shortly after the UNESCO issued its first declaration. The text available in 2017 suffered several changes, which are not addressed in this series. 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Publish date: What the horns couldn't do No bull could kill the matador of the century, Juan Belmonte, but in Seville last week a pistol did Forty years ago a bullfight critic told Spain's reigning matador, Juan Belmonte: "You must die tragically. It is the only thing left for you." Belmonte replied in his laconic manner, "I'll see what I can do." On Sunday, April 8, 69-year-old Juan Belmonte, whose right hand killed 1,650 fighting bulls and whose planted feet changed the whole concept of bullfighting, used that same deadly hand to kill himself. After a morning's ride across the sprawling pastures of his ranch near Seville, Belmonte shut himself up in his study and shot himself in the right temple with a 6.35-millimeter pistol he kept in his desk drawer. The death of a matador is a shock to the Spanish people as no other death is; la fiesta brava is still the heart and soul of Spain. And in bullfighting there are three names to consider. The first is Francisco Romero, who was the first man to make a profession of fighting the bull on foot (about 1726). The third will be the last matador to kill a bull in a formal corrida. The other is Juan Belmonte. Belmonte was buried in a cemetery in Seville just 20 yards from the grave of Joselito, killed by a bull in the arena of Talavera de la Reina on May 16, 1920. Belmonte was the master, Joselito the prophet. They fought as rivals for seven seasons (1914-1920), bringing to the fight an excellence never surpassed. At the very beginning of this "golden age," Belmonte changed the whole concept of bullfighting, simply by making the bull move past him. Before Belmonte, a bullfighter avoided death by dancing out of the way. Belmonte's frail and awkward legs could not dance. He fought with his arm because he had to—and genius combined with weakness to produce great art. He once told LIFE Correspondent Tom Dozier how he had refuted the traditional axiom that the matador moves himself or is moved by the bull. "I was determined," he said, "to prove a new theorem: You don't move and the bull doesn't move you—if you know how to fight." Belmonte killed bulls with such skill and emotion that, at his peak, he could demand $9,000 (pre-World War II dollars) for fighting two bulls in an afternoon. He faced big bulls and small bulls, brave bulls and tricky bulls, and he fought them well, mostly, and emotionally, always. He was, as Don Modesto, the bullfight critic, described him, an ugly, round-shouldered, knock-kneed bullfighter who made you cry. Three times Juan Belmonte retired, though no one took his retirements seriously. Bullfighters are notorious for quitting and then, either for money or glory, making a comeback. After one of his 24 serious wounds (he had countless "minor" ones), he received a letter from a friend: "I'm very sorry that the bull split your right collarbone. And I'm just as sorry that it didn't split your left collarbone and your breastbone as well. Maybe that would make you stop fighting." The last two years were not happy ones for Belmonte. He knew death was coming. He had been ill for a long time, and a Madrid specialist had found a severe heart condition. He was told to go easy. He was even forbidden the luxury of riding across his great spread of land. He was an obedient patient until last spring when he began again to ride out each morning on his favorite horse with his son, Juanito, to test the calves for bravery. He would trip up the young animals with a long stick held like a lance, not hard work for a man who knows what he is doing. Then, very recently, he learned he had lung cancer. The day before his death, Belmonte was out as usual, but he broke off the calf testing abruptly. He dismounted and went over to the car that had driven him and his son to the pasture and slumped in the seat. Juanito asked if he was tired. "Yes, a little," Belmonte said. "Let's go home." GRACEFUL AS A STATUE and nearly as immovable, Belmonte executes a pass de pecho in the controlled, stately (and dangerous) manner that revolutionized the art of bullfighting.
A lot of folks are really confused down here as to what some fish are called. A North American freshwater fish, crappie are quite popular game fish. White crappie, obviously, will have lighter areas while black crappie will be darker. The oldest reported age for black crappie is 15 years The heaviest published weight for a black crappie is 2.7 kg (5.9 lbs.) White crappie have 5-6 spines on the dorsal fin, whereas black crappie have 7-8. The white crappies are also known as silver perch and Goldring. The genus name Promoxis refers to crappies' sharp operculum, while the species name annularis means 'having rings', i.e., it has vaguely vertical bars on the body. Sep 2, 2017 - While the black crappie and the white crappie taste similar, there are several easy ways to tell the difference. I Love Bass Fishing! There are two types, white crappie and black crappie that only have minor differences between them. Description. If you want to prove a point, get into what they'd call a black crappie vs a white crappie with this white perch nonsense. Looks to me like you caught a black crappie that was probably getting ready to, or maybe already in the process of spawning. Novice Angler. White Crappie Vs Black Crappie. The black crappie grows slower than white crappie, but because of its stockiness, a black crappie will weigh more than a white crappie of similar size. Last edited by silverside; 07-07-2020 at 01:55 PM. White and black crappie are suppose to prefer different types of habitat from the other such as water depth, water temp, and structure choice. Both white and black crappie can be almost completely black or completely white. The most reliable way to differentiate the two is that in the ski-jump-nosed white crappie, the distance from the tip of the nose to the front base of the dorsal fin is longer than the length of the entire base of the dorsal fin. Been fishing this particular lake for years now and always seemed to catch about equal amount of white vs black crappie. Opinions! Black Crappie Vs. White Crappie (The Differences) Now that we’ve covered some basics about both black and white crappie, let’s look at some ways that they differ. There are two types, white and black crappie, although the differences between them are rather minor. The white meat for sure taste the same, trimming all the unwanted off the white meat seems harder with black crappie, and seems like every time I mess up a crappie trying to clean it, most of the time it is a black crappie. The fisheries biologists from Mississippi and Illinois, as well as one of the top producers of hybrid crappie for public sale, J.M. They’re both enjoyed as part of fish frys all across the country. They are often found in the same habitats.. .. A member of the genus Pomoxis, crappie are part of the sunfish family known as Centrarchidae. White crappie grow faster than black crappie, but because of their density a black crappie will generally weigh more than a white crappie of the same length. Black Crappie vs White Crappie - Telling the Difference. White c rappie also has a dark olive back with emerald and purple coloring. Even when it’s been thoroughly cleaned, it’s pretty easy to taste the dirt a black truffle has come from! Ferguson's catch weighed 5.46 pounds and was caught at Richeison Pond on Tennessee on May 15, 2018. USS Goldring is named for the fish. Crappie. Its sides and belly fade to silver and white. Crappie are very sought after by anglers. The black crappies can be found in 48 states and thrive in clear waters more so than the white crappie, which can thrive in any water condition. How To Tie A Loop Knot For Fishing - Plus A Crappie Jig Secret ! White crappie usually have 5 or 6 spines in their dorsal fins and black crappie usually have 7. Originally it was found in the Mississippi watershed and eastern North America, and not present along the Atlantic Coast north of the Carolinas. Male crappie (of both species) in particular turn very dark. Fish over 12 inches long show up from time to time. depending on how you cook them they all can taste the same, but if you take all three and fry them with butter, perch is the least fishy tasting. White crappies vs. Black crappie. On the lateral you can see black lines and they also have a white belly. Where are the black crappie at? The rate of growth depends on habitat, food availability and crappie population size for a given body of water. The Black Crappie also has a slightly more compressed body. Crappie is a very popular pan fish, a genus called Pomoxis that is from the sunfish family known as Centrarchidae. The world record white crappie … However, color is the least reliable indicator of any species of fish, including crappie. Crappie vs Carp. The range of the black crappie has been expanded through introduction. Black crappie have irregularly arranged speckles and blotches in their color pattern as opposed to the faint vertical bars of the white crappie. However, they’re pretty easy to catch if you can find them. Total Posts : 94; Reward points: 0; Joined: 2007/01/28 12:14:51; Status: offline; RE: Crappie, Perch, or bluegill which TASTES better? Moved deeper, shallower, etc... Just curious as the other day my buddy and I noticed everything we caught was white crappie. I do want to catch some big black crappie though. Although it goes without saying, Ferguson’s catch also became both the new Tennessee state record and American record black crappie. It is very similar to the white crappie in size, shape, and habits, except that it is darker, with a pattern of black spots. May 11, 2014 - While the black crappie and the white crappie taste similar, there are several easy ways to tell the difference. There's a good chance that there's more by that laydown if you were to go back and target them. There were commercial fisheries for crappie in the past, but today there is no widespread commercial market for crappie sale. During the spring spawning period, both species turn extremely dark or black. Coloration: Coloration is the most obvious difference between black and white crappie. 2008/04/19 09:33:33 depends on the time … They are often found in the same habitats.. Sep 2, 2017 - While the black crappie and the white crappie taste similar, there are several easy ways to tell the difference. They will mix in but that is the general idea. Lionel "Jam" Ferguson is credited with catching the heaviest recorded black crappie on record, however. Just strike up a conversation about it at a local dock with a few people and you'll see what I mean. Bluegill are normally around 6 inches long and rarely hit double digits. Sent from my SM-G960U using Crappie.com Fishing mobile app. On your main water, do you find a distinct separation or mostly mixed together? The White Sac-a-lait or White Crappie can be distinguished from the Black Crappie due to their dot distributed which forms bars on the side of the fish whereas the Black Crappie has its spots randomly but evenly distributed. Sometimes even experienced anglers think the primary difference is actually the color – black versus white. White crappie also tend to have several vertical bands or bars running along their bodies. Black crappie. White Crappie will have 6 or less. Black crappie vs. white crappie - Duration: 1:16. Black Crappie can be a great fish to angle as well as have a great taste on the table. I want to make sure they're not talking about white bass too. Quote; Link to post Share on other sites. Crappie vs. Bluegill Taste That said, there are some differences between crappies, most notably in their appearance. This makes white rum, which is usually aged for a shorter period of time than dark rums, and has a sweet, subtle flavour. The white crappie (Pomoxis annularis) is a freshwater fish found in North America, one of the two species of crappies. Black crappie tend to be in clearer water and will be mostly on bottom stuff such as rocks, grass and brush while white crappie tend to be more on vertical stuff like timber and bridges in more off color water. Common Funnel Cap Mushroom, How To Draw Communication Diagram, Eglin Air Force Base Museum, Pizzeria Di Napoli Romford, Life On Mountains, Leaf Silhouette Outline, Jatropha Curcas Common Name, Pitbull Dog Png,
Fracking is Causing Earthquakes in Alberta, Canada Fracking is Causing Earthquakes in Alberta, Canada There has been a rising concern for safety for the people of Alberta due to increased seismic activity in the area. The most prominent occurrences were that of March 4 and March 18, which were the strongest of the bunch. The damages caused included structural damage to certain buildings and a power outage which lasted for a few hours. Since then it was determined that the cause for these earthquakes was man-made and that it is due to fracking is done in the area. A report was made by the Alberta Energy Regulator which was able to truly determine the cause of these earthquakes. They were able to find multiple clusters that caused similar seismic activity in the area. The Report AER managed to investigate and report in their Alberta Geological Survey that the seismic activity caused in the area of Red Deer on March 4 and March 18 in 2019 was indeed the cause of man-made hydraulic fracturing. Fracking is actually the process of injecting liquid in the ground in order to loosen rock formations and free up hydrocarbon. This process is mainly used to get oil out of the ground. But it seems that this time the process had a much more devastating effect than anyone had expected. Initial tremors were felt in Duvernay Formation are near Fox Creek. But additionally and much stronger tremors were felt all the way to Red Deer which is situated around 4-10 km away from the area where the injection was done. The 4.18-magnitude quake, that occurred on March 4, happened near the area where Vesta Energy has been performing their fracking. AER immediately prompted them to suspend further work. Is there are Reason to be Concern? The quake that occurred in Red Deer caused some minimal structural damage. A more concerning fault was the power outage that affected 4,600 people. Luckily the problem was dealt with and power was restored in as little as 90 minutes. Sylvan Lake Mayor Sean McIntyre noted that there is still no need to be alarmed. They are aware of the cause of the problem but they are also very confident in the help that Alberta Energy Regulator is able to provide. The idea is still to strike a balance in attaining in establishing sustainable economic growth and at the same time being able to protect the citizens. Vesta has added more equipment necessary to monitor any seismic activity that may occur in the area. AER and AGS have installed more than 50 monitoring systems across the province so they are able to accurately measure any possible future occurrences. The process is continually refined so advanced safety is achieved. Author Image
What is Cryptography Cryptography is the practice and study of the secure communication of messages in the presence of malicious third parties who aim to eavesdrop or manipulate these messages. A cipher (i.e., keys) is basically a pair of algorithms that allows the encryption of a message by the sender, and decryption of the message by the receiver. Modern cryptography is an intersection of mathematics, computer science, electrical engineering, and communication science. The future of cryptography will include quantum physics due to the advent of quantum computing. There are three main types of cryptographic encryption techniques are (i) hash functions, (ii) symmetric cryptography, and (iii) asymmetric cryptography. A digital signature is also used in cryptography to verify the identity of the sender of the message and is implemented via a combination of both the hash function and asymmetric cryptography technique A single encryption key (i.e., cypher) is used to encrypt or decrypt a message between two communicating parties. This method is the oldest and most common form of secure messaging. However, it requires the two communicating parties to agree on a cypher. This is difficult to do so in modern communications where messages are transmitted over a network of many untrusted actors or nodes (i.e., Internet). Two encryption keys are introduced, a private key and a public key. The private key is only known to the owner and must be kept private whereas the public key can be given to anyone. The message can be encrypted using the public key by any sender, but the message can only be decrypted by the private key of the receiver. Digital signatures on a message are created by combining the sender’s private key with the hash of the message. Anyone can verify the validity of the signature using the corresponding public key. Asymmetric cryptography is used in the security of communication in untrusted networks such as the Internet. Asymmetric cryptography resolves the coordination problem in symmetric cryptography where the same key must be used by both the sender and receiver of the message. Common asymmetric cryptography algorithms are RSA (Rivest-Shamir-Adleman) and ECC (Elliptic-Curve Cryptography) that are commonly used in OTP security tokens and Bitcoin, respectively. An Honorary Senior Fellow at the University of Queensland with professional experience as a quantitative researcher for BlackRock and Bank of America Merrill Lynch in New York, USA. He led research teams in the development of capital models, securitized products and factor models in both equities and fixed income asset classes. Rand has several academic publications in cryptocurrency, portfolio management, systemic risk & quantitative trading Digital assets are digital representations of value facilitated by cryptography and distributed ledger technology. They have their own units… I love the word DeFI! It stands for Decentralized Finance and on the other hand it is DeFIance of… It is widely agreed that one of the impediments to mass-adoption of cryptocurrency is scalability. Bitcoin’s highest transaction throughput…
* Himachal Pradesh has the best infrastructure for rural health centres with no shortfalls of primary centres and community centres. * Himachal is the second best in low dropout rate (less than 1%) in elementary education. * Himachal’s population has increased only marginally (less than 1%) between 2001 and 2011. India’s hill state of Himachal Pradesh recently held its assembly elections, and IndiaSpend’s Sourjya Bhowmick looks at the state’s position on important indicators like health and education. We earlier showed how Himachal’s per capital income has risen sharply in recent years. Some conclusions on Himachal Pradesh’s social indicators: A very impressive sex ratio (974), literacy rate (84%) and 0% shortfall in rural health centres. And the state is the second best in the dropout rate (less than 1%) in elementary education. Before looking at the data in detail, let’s start with the population of Himachal Pradesh and India: Table 1: Steady Growth of Population IndicatorsIndia (2001)Himachal Pradesh (2001)India (2011)Himachal Pradesh (2011) Population (in million)1028.661210.16.8 (0.57 % of India) Population growth (% over previous decade)21.31817.612.8 Literacy rate (% of population)65767484 Sex ratio (number of females per 1,000 males)933968940974 Rural population (%)72906990 (Source: Census India, 2011) Nearly 90% of the 6.8 million population of Himachal live in rural areas while the ratio is only 69% on an all-India basis. Compared to the overall population increase in India, Himachal’s population has increased only marginally (less than 1%) between 2001 and 2011. The growth of population in 2001-11 is 5% lower than the previous decade of 1991-2001 in Himachal, which is also true of India’s population growth. Literacy rate is a bright point for Himachal Pradesh. Barring a few North Eastern states, union territories and Kerala, Himachal has the best literacy rate in the country. Himachal Pradesh also has an impressive sex ratio of 974 females for every 1,000 males. Only states like Orissa (978), Chhattisgarh (991), Andhra Pradesh (992), Tamil Nadu (995) and Kerala (1,084) have better sex ratio than Himachal. Incidentally, the sex ratio in Himachal and India has increased by almost the same number over the last decade. Now let’s look at the health scenario of Himachal Pradesh: Table 2: Good Healthcare Facilities YearInfant mortality rate (no.of infant deaths per thousand live births)Number of public health centres (PHCs)Number of community health centres (CHCs)Number of hospital beds available (Source: Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh) India has an IMR of 47, shortage of around 60% doctors in rural areas and shortage of around 10,000 units of PHCs and CHCs. Himachal, however, has been consistent while reducing the infant mortality rate and it is now much lower than the national average of 47. While there is no significant increase in community and primary health centres, Himachal Pradesh has 0% shortfall in PHCs and CHCs, shortfall of only 40 doctors in its rural healthcare system and only 7% PHCs function without doctors. Now let’s take a look at a few educational indicators of the state: Table 3: Education A Big Success StatesDrop- out rate (6-11 yrs)Drop-out rate (6-14 yrs)Drop-out rate (6-16 yrs)Total enrolment in higher education/ % of women enrolment (2006-07)Total enrolment in higher education/ % of women enrolment (2010-11) Himachal Pradesh0.742.3821109,761/44133,564/49.5 (Data as on 2009-10; Source: Planning Commission data) Himachal Pradesh has been doing better than the national average on almost all the educational parameters. For example, in the drop-outs of 6-11 year olds, Haryana is the only state doing better than Himachal with a 0% dropout rate. We assume that the different drop-outs refer to elementary, primary and secondary education. At the same time, women enrolment/total enrolment has increased steadily over the last few years. Himachal Pradesh has a better women enrolment percentage (49.5%) than the national average (41.5%). Here are a few other important indicators.... Table 4: Some Issues That Need To Be Fixed Year Electricity generated (MU) Electricity consumed (MU)Motorable double-lane roads (km)Incidence of crimes (Source: Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh) From Table 4, it can be observed that electricity consumed in Himachal is far higher than generated for the last few years. This leads to large amounts of electricity purchased from other states. Motorable double-lane roads have been increasing but not in the required proportion as compared to the vast rural populace of the state. Incidence of crimes had reduced in 2009-11 but has increased again by more than thousand reported cases in 2011-12. . So, while Himachal Pradesh has 90% rural population, it has not deterred performance in its social indicators like reducing infant mortality and increasing education. The state has around 14 education schemes/scholarships implemented throughout the state. Schemes like ‘beti hai anmol’ are also important measures in healthcare. The government deposits Rs 5,100 in the name of the girl child at the time of birth under the scheme, and it is applicable for two children per family. This is to discourage female foeticide, and has reflected in the improved sex ratio in the state. Other programmes like ‘Matri Seva Yojana’ for providing money to below poverty line (BPL) families during the time of child birth also enhances the growth of the state’s healthcare system. Currently, Himachal Pradesh spends around Rs 996 crore (approved for 2011-12) on social sectors of a total expenditure of Rs 3,300 crore for all its plan outlays. So, it is evident that nearly 1/3rd of plan money going for social sectors is benefiting the state.
Map, Flatmap and Filter in Scala This post is part 4 of the Functional Programming in Scala series. You can view all the posts in the series here. Three of the most common methods used on collections in Scala are map, flatMap and filter: • map will perform the function given in parentheses on every element in the collection • filter will only return elements of a collection that satisfy the expression provided • flatmap will first perform the map method on a list and then then flatten method We often chain these methods together to achieve iteration over collections of elements. A more readable way to write these chains, is to use a for-comprehension. Map, FlatMap and Filter in Scala If you have done any significant programming in Scala, you will likely have used one or all of map, flatmap and filter at some point. We will look at all three of them in this post. Let’s start by creating and printing out a very simple List: val list = List(1,2,3) println(list) // prints out 'List(1,2,3)' Note that this list gets created by calling the List.apply() method on the companion list object. List comes with standard implementations to extract the head and tail: We can call the map implementation on the list like so: println( + 1)) println( + " is a number")) This will iterate over every element in the list, and apply the function in the parentheses. Another syntax of writing the map method is : { x => x * 2 We can use the filter method if we only want to keep certain members of the list. For example, to only keep the even numbers: println(list.filter(_ % 2 == 0)) The flatmap method is similar to the map method. The difference is the inner grouping of an item is removed and a sequence is generated. Let’s say that we have a function that turns a single element into another list: val toPair = (x: Int) => List(x, x+1) If we call our original list with flatmap and this function, then we should see the concatenation of the application of toPair on each element of the list. println(list.flatMap(toPair)) // prints out 'List(1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 4)' Print all Combinations of two Lists Say that we wanted to print out all the combinations of the following two lists: val numbers = List(1,2,3,4) val chars = List('a', 'b', 'c', 'd') In imperative programming, we might be tempted to do this with a couple of loops. In functional programming in Scala, we could instead do something like this: val combinations = numbers.flatMap(n => => "" + c + n)) We use flatmap, because for each element in numbers we are going to generate a new list. And then for every elements in chars we are going to return the string composed from the character and the number. If you added a third element into the mix, such as colors: val colors = List("black", "white") Then you use two flatmap methods, and put a map in the most inside block: val combinations = numbers.flatMap(n => chars.flatMap(c => => "" + c + n + "-" + color))) Next let’s look at the foreach method. This is similar to map, only that it receives a function returning a unit. This will print all the numbers in the list on a separate line: The flatmaps that we wrote above are quite difficult to read. In Scala, there is a more readable format that we can use. This format is called for-comprehensions. We could rewrite the combinations method above like this: val forCombinations = for { n <- numbers c <- chars color <- colors } yield "" + c + n + "-" + color This is exactly equivalent of the combinations method that we wrote previously. Filter in For-Comprehensions If you want to filter something out, you can put a guard in the for-comprehension. For example, to only keep even numbers: val forCombinationsGuard = for { n <- numbers if n % 2 == 0 c <- chars color <- colors This applies a filter on numbers. If we rewrote this in full, it would look like this: val combinationsWithColorWithFilter = numbers.filter(_ % 2 == 0).flatMap(n => chars.flatMap(c => => "" + c + n + "-" + color))) If you wanted to do something with side effects in a for-comprehension, such as println: for { n <- numbers } println(n) Source Code As always, the source code for this post is available on Github.
Here you can read all news about stem cells. Learn More Diseases that we treat Neurometabolic therapy Long-term abuse of drugs or alcohol tends to be very damaging for central nervous system and consumption of large doses can cause detrimental effects. The main functions of the body such as normal oxygen circulation in blood gets disrupted, creating numerous different health problems. For example, those who are using cocaine or amphetamines usually suffer from bad blood supply in the brain, which affects their everyday life majorly. Stimulants become a necessity, but right after the effect of the drug wears off, a person is incapable of keeping up with usual routines and becomes low-spirited, constantly craving the next dose. Hormonal imbalance occurs, as well as numerous other problems including eating and sleeping habits. Because the brain doesn’t receive enough oxygen, a person will notice amongst the first symptoms troubles with focus, attention, orientation and memory. Thinking process becomes slower and difficult. Neurometabolic treatment improvements and effects By stimulating the production of oxygen and glucose, neurometabolic therapy improves brain performance of a patient. Energy transportation is around 20 times better within cells. Neurometabolic treatment is made of 30% organic substances, which makes it a lot healthier. Amino acids, peptides, oligosaccharides, nucleosides, lipids, magnesium, phosphorus, sodium and calcium are all a part of it. This increases transfer of glucose to the brain by 50%. When this type of therapy is used alongside other therapies (depending on the condition), patients with various mental disorders show improvements after only one month. Anxiety, fears, dizziness, insomnia and headache all decrease, whilst memory and concentration become better. There are many other benefits that neurometabolic treatment has to offer. Attention, speech, behavior control, decision making, improved thinking and information processing, better memory performance and learning abilities are some of them. Negative thoughts and depression decrease. Body is capable of resisting extreme conditions more and it becomes stronger. A patient wants to be more active, has more energy and is less fatigued. Emotions are stable and a person is motivated. Those suffering from Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease, as well epilepsy and encephalopathy can also benefit from this treatment. Patient's results of treatment at Swiss Medica Parkinson's disease Lyme disease Multiple Sclerosis Diabetes type 2 Kidney Disease And what results can you get from stem cell treatment? 2. What the treatment involves. 3. How much does it cost. your Medical Advisor Please fill in all required fields. About Swiss Medica clinic Follow Us All form fields are required.
Cross talk Home Culture 2019-07-03 Cross talk Crosstalk is a folk art of rap and singing. It takes the form of speaking, learning, teasing and singing to highlight its characteristics. Famous cross talk performers include Zhang Shouchen, Ma Sanli, Hou Baolin, Liu Baorui, Ma Ji, Hou Yaowen, Su Wenmao and Guo Degang. There are three origins of cross talk in China: Beijing Tianqiao, Tianjin Quanye and Nanjing Confucius Temple. Crosstalk art originated in North China, prevailed in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, spread throughout the country and at home and abroad, began in the Ming and Qing Dynasties and flourished in the contemporary era. They mainly perform orally, mainly in Beijing dialect. The main roads include folding fans, handkerchiefs and waking wood. Performing forms include single-mouth crosstalk, counterpart crosstalk and group crosstalk. They are folk-rooted, life-based and popular forms of performing arts. In December 2018, the General Office of the Ministry of Education announced Tianjin Normal University as a base for the inheritance of cross talk Chinese excellent traditional culture. Orion of the Name Crosstalk has three origins: Beijing Tianqiao, Tianjin Quyechang and Nanjing Confucius Temple. It is generally believed that it was formed in Xianfeng and Tongzhi years of Qing Dynasty. It is a form of opera that causes laughter in the audience by telling jokes or funny questions and answers. It evolved from the Song Dynasty's "Xiangsheng". By the late Qing Dynasty, cross talk had become a modern feature and style. It is mainly spoken in Beijing dialect, and "dialectal crosstalk" is also spoken in local dialects. In the process of cross talk formation, we have absorbed the artistic merits of oral skills and storytelling extensively, embodying solemnity and harmony, expressing truth, goodness and beauty with satirical jokes, making people laugh as the artistic characteristics, and taking "speaking, learning, teasing and singing" as the main artistic means. There are three kinds of performances: single-mouth, counterpart and group-mouth. Single crosstalk is performed by one actor and tells jokes; pair crosstalk is performed by two actors, usually by two kinds of actors, namely "one head is heavy" and "mother and son" and "group crosstalk" is also called "group livelihood" and is performed by more than three actors. Traditional songs mainly satirize various ugly phenomena in the old society and reflect various life phenomena through humorous narration. After liberation, besides continuing to carry forward satirical traditions, there are also works eulogizing new people and new things. Traditional repertoires include "Guangong Wars Qinqiong", "Drama and Dialect", "Jia Xingjia", "Picking Horse Coat" and so on. The total number is more than 200. The works reflecting real life are more influenced by Night Travel, Buying Monkeys and Hat Factory. Crosstalk is a form of folk art that causes laughter in the audience by jokes, funny questions and answers, and rap. The audience laughed with jokes, funny questions and answers, and rap. It's mostly used for satire, and now it's also used to celebrate new people and new things. According to the number of people, they can be divided into cross talk, single cross talk, group cross talk and cross talk drama. English translation of cross talk or comic cross-talk, TALKSHOW talk show, or CHINESE COMIC DIALOUGE, one of the forms of opera, with witty words, in order to achieve the purpose of making people laugh and entertain people, its earliest form is derived from the miscellaneous drama of "Haiyou". History of Development Early development Crosstalk, an ancient image sound, originally refers to the imitation of others, also known as cross talk next door. Folk rap and singing art in North China has further evolved and developed. It has been formed by imitating oral skills and other forms of folk art. It is generally believed that it was formed during the Qing and Xianfeng and Tongzhi years. A form of opera in which jokes or funny questions and answers cause laughter in the audience. In the early years of the Republic of China, Xiangsheng gradually developed from a person's imitation of oral skills to a single joke, and its name changed to cross talk. Later, it gradually developed into mono-cross talk, counterpart cross talk and group cross talk, and integrated into a veritable cross talk. After years of development, cross talk has finally become the most popular form of cross talk among audiences. In the late Qing Dynasty, cross talk formed modern features and styles. Mainly in Beijing dialect, there are "dialect crosstalk" everywhere. In the process of cross talk formation, we widely absorb the artistic merits of oral skills and storytelling, embody solemnity and harmony, express truth, goodness and beauty with satirical jokes, and make people laugh as artistic characteristics; and take "speaking, learning, teasing and singing" as the main artistic means. representative figure Zhang Sanlu is one of the earliest cross talk artists in modern society. According to the relevant records and speculation: Zhang Sanluben is an octagonal drum clown artist, later changed to cross talk. His artistic career began in the Daoguang period of the Qing Dynasty. In the book of the sons of Suiyuan Yue, he said, "Learning cross talk is like returning to the soul of Zhang Sanlu. Copper mules are better than three to live." Zhu Shaowen (1829-1904), the grandfather of cross talk. The artistic name is poor and fearless. He is a flag-bearer of the Han Army, whose ancestral home is Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province. On the bamboo slab of his performance, which hit the beat, he inscribed the words "full of articles, not afraid, and the history of Wuche books falls to the ground poor". During the Anti-Japanese War, some cross talk actors showed national integrity. Chang Baokun was arrested twice for satirizing the Japanese government. Zhang Shouchen publicly praised Ji Hongchang and others for their resistance to Japan and criticized the non-resistance policy of the authorities. He also had trouble satirizing the "base" of the Tianjin police at that time. Performing Form In narrative art, it is composed of a penetrating plot, a closed structure with a head and tail and linear development, which allows no external interference. In theatrical art, there is a fourth wall theory. It requires a hypothetical wall between the actor and the audience, which makes the communication between the actor and the audience indirect. The art of cross talk is different. The "plot" in cross talk is intermittent and absent. Therefore, the content of cross talk makes people feel uncertain. The burden of cross talk often gives the audience a false impression and hides the truth. In this way, the audience will be encouraged to think on their own initiative, thus strengthening the exchange of ideas between the two sides. In contrast, reviewers (and other performers) not only explain the cause and effect of the event clearly, but also pre-define the theme and the end of the story by winning the first time, so the audience only needs to accept it passively. In cross talk performances, actors no longer enjoy the status of "storyteller" as commentators. Actors and actors, actors and audiences all appear as equal interlocutors. They can express their different opinions on things. This kind of different opinions from many aspects not only constitutes the formal characteristics of cross talk, but also is the source of comic contradictions in cross talk. Here, the actor's every speech and conversation must be strictly tested by another actor and the audience. His mysterious, self-contradictory, absurd and exaggerated words can not escape the audience's ears. He is often laughed at for "showing his ugliness" and is in the "embarrassment" of "not coming out of the stage". Situation. Audiences feel their psychological advantages through laughter, and receive subtle education in laughter. The appreciation process of cross talk can better realize the purpose of "teaching in music", so cross talk art is welcomed by the masses. Crosstalk performances take a direct audience-oriented approach, and "the fourth wall" does not exist in crosstalk performances. Many actors also directly ask questions to the audience, or answer questions raised by the audience, and meet the audience's requirements. In this way, it greatly strengthens the connection and communication between actors and audiences. In the process of enjoying cross talk, the audience can express their opinions and attitudes through laughter, although they can not directly talk with the actors. In addition, in many cross talks, the words of the cheering actors often represent the views of the audience, and the cheering actors often act as the spokespersons of the audience and engage in dialogue with the teasing actors. From the above analysis, we can see that in the process of cross talk performance and appreciation, the communication between actors and audiences is bidirectional and very close. This characteristic is inseparable from its unique artistic form, the form of dialogue. This form satisfies the audience's sense of participation, and thus produces a unique artistic charm. Crosstalk has become a friend of the audience, which absorbs wisdom and humour from the masses, expresses the people's pursuit of truth, goodness and beauty and optimism, and exposes and satirizes the false and ugly in life. Crosstalk, full of life content and unique art form, has become the flower of excellent national art. There are two ways of cross talk performance at first, namely "dark spring" in curtain performance and "bright spring" in public performance. After three years of Xuantong in the Qing Dynasty (1911), only one kind of "Mingchun" continued to develop. The forms of cross talk are divided into three types: single cross talk, counterpart cross talk and group cross talk. Crosstalk is a long joke performed by an actor. Crosstalk is performed by two actors. Narrator A is called "teasing" and assistant dialogue B is called "praising". When performing, according to the difference between the weight of the content and the language style, it can be divided into three categories: one head heavy, one mother and one son and one mouth through. Crosstalk is performed jointly by more than three actors. A is called "teasing", B is called "holding up" and C is called "greasy seam". A cross talk is generally composed of four parts: an impromptu opening remark, a transitional introduction to the text, a lively one, and a bottom one, which is the end of the climax. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the new crosstalk often omitted the "ladle handle". Crosstalk uses artistic techniques to form "burdens", in which people laugh by "shaking" their watches. Its tactics include: three times (turn) four shakes, praise first and then derogation, error between yin and yang, pun, self-contradictory, inconsistent in appearance, distorted interpretation, violation of conventions and so on. Each cross talk usually contains more than four or five funny and humorous "burdens". Artistic Characteristics Performing Skills When talking about the basic concept of cross talk, Ma Ji, a famous cross talk artist, pointed out that: "(cross talk) is the art of making people laugh by organizing a series of unique"burdens". The burdens referred to here are the burdens of language art, and the language referred to here is the language of the burdens of art... The three elements of cross talk art are burdens and laughter, and they are indispensable. (Quyi, No. 2, 1987, is quoted from Ma Ji's "Looking Back in Thirty Years and Speaking Up Quickly". Among the three elements listed by him, language and laughter are also possessed by other comedy arts. Only the burden is unique to cross talk art. Burdens play an important role in cross talk art. Therefore, the analysis of the content and form of the burden is the key to our study of cross talk art. The word "burden" is a figurative metaphor, which actually refers to the brewing and development of comic contradictions in cross talk. The so-called "three turns and four shakes" is the common structure of cross talk burden. Among them, "three turns" refers to the repeated rendering and emphasizing of contradiction illusion; and "four shakes" refers to revealing the truth of contradiction after three turns. The feature of comedy contradiction is to "cover up one's essence with another essential illusion" (quoted from Marx's Introduction, Volume 1, Page 5 of the Complete Works of Man and Engels). Therefore, there are many kinds of illusions in comedy contradiction. In fact, the illusion is also a phenomenon. Its characteristic is that it can show the opposite (or deviating) nature of water. However, the illusion reflects the essence deeply in its unique way. Therefore, the real comic contradiction has the characteristics of unexpected and reasonable. In cross talk, the comic contradiction - the burden of both sides (phenomena and essence, etc.) is held separately by the laughing parties, and the contradiction is gradually exposed through dialogue. Comedy artistic techniques (such as exaggeration, misunderstanding, coincidence, etc.) are widely used in various comedy arts, not unique to cross talk. However, crosstalk has its own characteristics in using these techniques. For example, many dramas and movies use visual images to form misunderstandings (there are two cool-looking people in the movies "The Great Dictator" and "Black Tulip"), while crosstalk mostly relies on dialogue in the use of misunderstanding techniques. For example, when Gong Yunfu, an artist, changed to sell vegetables, he said, "It hurts to pick one off and touch his shoulder. He remembered the cries of Meet the Queen:'Ah, bitter wow!'The old lady said,"Oh, the cucumber is bitter, don't go!" Obviously, this burden adopts the method of misunderstanding, which is caused by the dialogue between the characters. Without both sides of the dialogue, there will be no misunderstanding. To organize the burden through dialogue is the most frequently used and most important method in cross talk. This is true not only in the cross talk of "mother-son" type, but also in the cross talk of "one head sinks". This is true not only in cross talk, but also in single cross talk. For example, in "Pearl Jade and White Jade Soup", the burden accumulated is composed of the dialogue between Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang and his ministers. This kind of burden made up of dialogue can be found everywhere in crosstalk works and can be enumerated. Dialogue is not only reflected in the burden of organizational methods, but also in the use of various cross talk artistic means. "Saying" is the four most basic artistic means of cross talk. "Saying" is joke and tongue twister. "Learning" is to imitate all kinds of salesmen, singing and the language of all kinds of characters, as well as imitating local operas. "Funny" is to catch and laugh, "singing" refers to singing Taiping lyrics. The use of these artistic means is consistent with the artistic law of cross talk creation only if it is included in the scope of dialogue. Continental Crosstalk Crosstalk in the North (Beijing dialect) After 1949, a large number of cross talk performers, represented by Ma Sanli, Hou Baolin and Liu Baorui, gradually transformed the content of cross talk before the founding of the Communist Party of China, removing a large number of pornographic and sarcastic passages about other people's physiological defects. Crosstalk has become a nationwide and nationwide form of folk art. One reason for the popularity of cross talk is that it is a sound-based art, suitable for the popular radio as the main media. Crosstalk is called "light cavalry on the literary and artistic front". In addition to reorganizing the traditional cross talk, there were many ironic cross talks in the early stage, satirizing the "old society" or the people with backward ideas in the new era. During the general line period of 1958, a large number of eulogistic cross talk began to appear. During this period, Ma Ji and other representatives. After 1976, cross talk became popular rapidly. A large number of ironic crosstalk of the Gang of Four, represented by Yang Zhenhua, Jin Bingzhang's "Fake Sky", Jiang Kun and Li Wenhua's "Such Photographs" and Chang Baohua and Chang Guitian's "Hat Factory", became popular rapidly. Formerly, crosstalk between Hou Baolin and others was broadcast on radio again. In the 1980s, under the impact of sketches, cross talk with simple performances no longer attracted the attention of audiences who used television as the main media. Some new forms of cross talk, such as playing and singing cross talk, cross talk drama and so on, have developed, but the market is still small (at the same time, a large number of cross talk elements are absorbed into sketches). Nevertheless, cross talk has made considerable progress during this period: a new generation of actors have emerged, new cross talk segments in various contents and forms have stepped on the stage, forming a "contemporary cross talk" different from the previous one. Among them, there are many popular examples both in praise of entertainment and in criticism of current disadvantages. Crosstalk was still the main entertainment for the public in various literary and artistic occasions during this period. Since the mid and late 1990s, cross talk has gradually declined, new passages are becoming less and less popular, and the old-fashioned pure entertainment style cross talk has gradually occupied the absolute mainstream position. At the same time, cross talk performers, including many well-known actors, have left the stage for other jobs, but few of the newcomers can take over. The status of cross talk has gradually been replaced by prosperous sketches. At the beginning of the 21st century, cross talk in mainland China is in a situation of green and yellow: the older generation of artists have fallen, the popular actors in the 1980s have also shown their inadequacy for the development of cross talk; in the "National Cross Talk Competition" held to revive cross talk, the new generation has not been flourishing. China Central Television held four national cross talk contests on New Year's Day in 2002, New Year's Day in 2003, National Day in 2006 and May Day Golden Week in 2008. The first and second crosstalk contests were highly praised by the audience, while the third and fourth crosstalk contests were referred to as "crosstalk contests without crosstalk". The future of cross talk is not appreciated by most people, but outside the media, many traditional cross talk troupes have retained a certain level and a considerable audience. Many small theatres and teahouses in Tianjin can hear quite splendid traditional cross talk. Guo Degang, who also performed in the traditional way of teahouse, suddenly became popular after 2005. Although different from the mainstream cross talk, he still brought some recognition of the tradition to the audience. Crosstalk in the South (Cantonese) Cantonese crosstalk can be traced back to the 1930s and 1940s at the earliest, but it is generally believed that Cantonese crosstalk began in the early 1950s. There is less debate about the origin of Cantonese cross talk. However, it is generally believed that the Cantonese cross talk is gradually developed by Huang Junying after learning from the Northern Cross talk. Cantonese cross talk began to flourish around the 1990s. From the early 1990s to the beginning of the new century, Huang Junying and Yang Da are the most well-known partners in Cantonese cross talk. Before that, the more well-known Cantonese crosstalk performers were Lin Zhaoming and Zhang Yuekai. Later Cantonese crosstalk performers include He Baowen and Chen Jianxiong. Cantonese cross talk is mainly about life, Cantonese culture, language dialect, etc. It is close to the public and has developed to modern times. There are a large number of supporters in Cantonese area, even affecting a generation of young people whose mother tongue is Cantonese. Like the Northern Cross talk, Cantonese cross talk also appears to be out of touch. But since May 2016, Cantonese cross talk imitated the "Deyun Society" staging performance and created a platform called "Ming Xintang", which has achieved good results in re-establishing the status of Cantonese cross talk. Taiwan Crosstalk In 1949, the Kuomintang government withdrew from Taiwan, and a number of cross talk actors also came to Taiwan. In that year, Wei Longhao (Wei Su) and Wu Zhaonan met and hosted cross talk programs on China Broadcasting Corporation, Police Radio and other radio stations. Since 1967, we began to collect data to make cross talk collection, cross talk selection, cross talk catching anecdotes and cross talk picking up spikes. Initially, the main audiences of cross talk were mainly from other provinces. Then the stage play "That Night, We Talk Crosstalk" (starring Li Liqun and Li Guoxiu) was launched by the Performance Workshop in 1985, which caused a sensation. Then, in 1989, "Biefang" launched "This Night, Who's Coming to Cross Talk? (Starred by Li Liqun, Jin Shijie and Chen Lihua), Taiwanese Strange Tan (Li Liqun's Single Crosstalk) was launched in 1991, Cross Talk That Night was launched in 1993 (reinterpreted by Li Liqun and Feng Yigang), and Another Night, They Say Cross Talk (Feng Yigang, Zhao Ziqiang, Buxueliang) was launched in 1997. In 2000, "Millennium Night, We Talk Crosstalk" (starring Zhao Ziqiang, Jin Shijie and Ni Minran). Finally, in 2005, Women's Crosstalk Night was launched (starring Fang Fang, Deng Chenghui and Xiao Ai). In April 1988, Feng Yigang and Song Shaoqing formed cross talk Washer (then joined Huang Shiwei), which opened the stage drama's creative performance of integrating cross talk art. On July 8, 2004, the first work "Give me a tape" was launched with the help of "Can Act Theatre Troupe". In 1993, the Taipei Quyi Troupe was founded. In addition to cross talk, it also introduced many unique Chinese rap arts, such as oboe, Shulaibao, express book, Jingyun drum, plum blossom drum, Hexi drum and single string. In 2004, Nie Minran co-starred with artists Xia You and Gan Demen in "Big House, No Gate." In the same year, Nie Jiasheng and his father and son jointly launched "No Big Novel Crosstalk". In May 2005, Nie Minran won the 16th Golden Melody Award for Best Musical Album in Traditional and Artistic Works. Singapore-Malaysia Region After 1949, a number of performance groups from southern China went to Malaya to develop (Singapore and Malaysia were not independent at that time). Crosstalk artists Feng Xiang, Baiyan and Ludin perform cross talk in Ma Xin area. Because of the unique multilingual environment in Ma Xin area, "Ma Xin Crosstalk" is different from "Mainland Crosstalk" and "Taiwan Crosstalk", but because Chinese is not the mainstream language, there are few professional actors in Ma Xin Crosstalk circle. Social evaluation Feng Buyi put forward: "Among the many kinds of music in Quyi, there is a form of performance of funny stories in single speech, which is called monologue cross talk... (Crosstalk) But it's not necessarily so meaningful to ask for advice. Its system is different from short stories, stories, jokes, and cross talk. It's a unique style of oral literature. (Quyi, No. 5, 1986) is quoted from "Inheriting Tradition, Enriching and Improving". Wang Xingzhi believes that it is not necessarily correct to incorporate monologue directly into the art category of short stories, but because they are both narrative art forms, from the perspective of narrative descriptions and characterization, there are not only many similarities between them, but also many unique features of monologue. (Quoted from The Novelist's Friends or Enemy, page 280 of the Collection of Chinese Quyi Theories) Li Fengqi also pointed out that "monologue crosstalk is good at storytelling, and some of them emphasize reasoning, that is, the so-called"argumentative"crosstalk, which is easy to be empty, boring and difficult to write, and almost disappears in the new works." (Quoted from "Vivid Social Customs Pictures", published in Quyi No. 5, 1986) It seems that experts agree that monologue is a comic narrative art. As far as its form is concerned, cross talk is not the art of dialogue. However, compared with the traditional narrative art (book reviewing, story telling, etc.), it has produced many variations. For example, monologue focuses on reflecting the dialogue between characters in content, and mainly relies on dialogue to form a burden and shape the image. Because the organization of burden in the creation of monologue crosstalk is restricted by plot and character, it is very difficult to create monologue crosstalk. The creation of story-based monologue is almost extinct; the argumentative monologue has given way to counterpart crosstalk because of the insurmountable contradiction between content and form. Counterpart crosstalk is born out of single crosstalk, but it is "blue out of blue is better than blue", and its artistic life is everlasting. This is closely related to the harmony between its content and form. Simply put, the main content of cross talk is dialogue, which takes the form of dialogue. The relationship between the two is isomorphic and isomorphic. 4. Dialogue is not only reflected in the creation and performance of cross talk, but also in the appreciation process. Crosstalk as a stage art (basically so), its performance and appreciation are unified in time and space. Like other stage arts, cross talk has the problem of communicating with the audience. As we all know, cross talk is an art that is best at communicating with the audience. The theatrical effects of cross talk performances are often beyond the reach of other stage arts. Besides the reasons for comic content, the unique artistic form of cross talk, the form of dialogue, is also an important reason. In narrative art, the creator is confident and powerful in penetrating isolated events, grasping its "intrinsic nature" and giving it the order of causal connection, thus constituting the fictional plot and history of the story, and infusing these contents to the audience. Here, the flow of information is basically one-way, and the audience is basically in the position of passive acceptance. Immaterial culture 1. On December 21, 2006, after more than three months of public investigation, the first list of intangible cultural heritage at the municipal level in Beijing was officially published. The first batch of municipal "non-legacy" lists, cross talk ranked among them. 2. On June 7, 2008, the State Council officially announced the list of the second batch of national intangible cultural heritage and the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage expansion projects. The second batch of national intangible cultural heritage list: "cross talk". Next：Line lion
الفلسطينيون في أمريكا الوسطى: من الهجرة المؤقتة إلى الشتات الدائم نبذة مختصرة: Palestinians in Central America From Temporary Emigrants to a Permanent Diaspora Limited Preview \| Purchase Now By Manzar Foroohar This survey of the understudied topic of the Palestinian diaspora in Central America, based on existing documentation and interviews, focuses mainly on Honduras and El Salvador, the areas of greatest Palestinian concentration. Two waves of immigration are studied: the first and largest, in the early decades of the 20th century, was mainly Christian from the Bethlehem area in search of economic opportunities and intending to return; the second, especially after 1967, came as a permanent diaspora. The article describes the arrival from Palestine, the factors behind their considerable success, the backlash of discrimination, and finally assimilation. Palestinian involvement in Central American politics ( Right and the Left) is also addressed. The article ends with a discussion of identity issues and renewal of ties with Palestine. SINCE THE EARLY YEARS of the twentieth century, Palestinian immigrants to Central America have played a major role in the social, cultural, and economic development of their host countries. In some places, such as Honduras, they have been at the very forefront of commercial and industrial development. But while the history of Palestinian immigration to the United States, Mexico, and South America has been the subject of major scholarly investigations, Palestinians remain almost invisible in Central American historiography. Indeed, this is a research field that is just opening. This article is an attempt to compile existing documentation on the Palestinian international diaspora in Central America. The material is supplemented by nearly two dozen interviews, in Central America and in Palestine, with immigrants or their descendants, or with persons “back home” familiar with the emigration. It focuses on the history of the formation of Palestinian communities in Central America and their social, economic, and political contributions to their adopted countries. While Palestinian communities throughout Central America will be discussed, particular attention will be paid to Honduras and El Salvador, the countries with the largest concentrations of Palestinians in the region. The research and the interviews together shed light on the degree to which Palestinian diaspora communities have been assimilated into their host countries, and the degree to which they have simultaneously retained their identity and ties to their Palestinian origins. Palestinian immigration to Central America began at the end of the nineteenth century. Because Palestine, like most of the Arab Middle East, was under Ottoman rule until 1918, it is difficult before that date to document their numbers accurately, since the immigrants carried Ottoman (Turkish) passports and therefore were categorized in the Central American registries as Turks (turcos). Though some documentation of the Palestinian component of Arab immigration exists for Honduras, where Palestinians are shown to constitute the overwhelming majority, no such information is available for the other states of the region. Palestinian immigration in the early period swelled as of the second decade of the twentieth century and peaked in the 1920s. It is not difficult to understand why. Most historians of the Middle East point to the general economic decline of the Ottoman Empire and the ongoing wars as the main reasons for emigration during the early period. The new Ottoman conscription law of 1908 intensified emigration among young male citizens of the Empire, and indeed the early immigrants to Central America were generally young males, 15 to 30 years old. Moreover, the Ottoman lands, including Palestine, suffered excruciating hardship and even starvation during World War I. Thus, in interviews with descendants of early immigrants, the two factors repeatedly highlighted as the causes of emigration from Palestine were miserable economic conditions in wartime and the military draft obligations. Most of the emigrants initially intended to return home after accumulating savings and for that reason did not invest in real estate in their host countries. After the end of the war and the restoration of stability following Palestine’s occupation by Britain (and the establishment of the Mandate), economic and educational opportunities in the homeland increased. According to some scholars, between a third and a half of the early emigrants did return home and invested their savings in land and homes. Meanwhile, the returning emigrants served as sources of information about economic opportunities in the Americas, and their wealth and prosperity spurred others, especially young men, to try their luck in foreign adventures. To read this article in full, please purchase it. MANZAR FOROOHAR is a professor of history at California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo. اقرأ المزيد
Use "descriptive words" a lot? You can jump Things inhabited often describes (“inhabited ________”) world, areas, houses, islands, places, area, place, country, part, parts, earth, regions, house, villages, island, land, worlds, region, districts, planets, spot, portion, territory, lands, village, space, city, planet, globe, buildings, district, portions, localities, rooms, countries, town, sites, continents, continent, dwellings, duty, building, dwelling, territories, room, towns, site, cities, caves, settlement, centres, spots, valley, spaces, valleys, locality, clearings, landscape, zone, quarter, surface, castle, quarters, sections, coast, zones, settlements, pueblos, tracts, universe, scroll, centers, apartments, plains, centre, tract, atolls, streets, wing, provinces, scrolls, countryside, huts, wilderness, islets, hills, globes, street, strip How inhabited often is described (“________ inhabited”) present, last, longest, first, earliest, different, sparsely, best, old, least, horizontal Click on a word above to view its definition. See inhabited used in context: 1 Shakespeare work, several books and articles. Help Advanced Feedback Android iPhone/iPad API Blog Privacy Copyright © 2021 Datamuse
Boro kolkashundey or Western senna, Senna occidentalis Boro kolkashundey or Western senna (Senna occidentalis, family: Fabaceae) is an erect annual or sometimes perennial herb, attaining a height of 1-2 m. Stem and branches are usually reddish and are angular with linear mark. In Bangladesh it grows on fallow land, along roadsides and around the railways. As an ornamental plant it can be planted in gardens and parks. Other names: Boro halkishunda, Tuli-koroi. Leaves are compound, paripinnate, leaflet 3-8 pairs, elliptic-lanceolate, 3-10 cm long and 2-4 cm wide, green with reddish midrib, soft hairs and pointed tip. A pungent odor comes out when the leaves are crushed. Flowers are bright yellow, raceme, arising at the leaf axil, 3 cm wide, short peduncled, a few together or a pair. Sepals 5, petals 5. It blooms mainly in May-July. Full blooming flowers can be seen in the morning. Fruits are pods, quite long, 8-14 cm long, tip blunted, 4-5 together, minutely hairy, dehiscent. Seeds 25-30. Flowers and fruits can be seen at a time in different plant. Propagation is caused by seeds. Its leaves, roots and seeds are used as purgative and uretic. It is useful in dyspepsia, cough, worm infection and breathing problem. Leaves are recommended in leprosy, itching, scabies and other skin diseases.
An ecological approach to measuring the evolutionary consequences of gene flow from crops to wild or weedy relatives Agricultural practices routinely create opportunities for crops to hybridize with wild relatives, leading to crop gene introgression into wild genomes. Conservationists typically worry this introgression could lead to genetic homogenization of wild populations, over and above the central concern of transgene escape. Alternatively, viewing introgression as analogous to species invasion, we suggest that increased genetic diversity may likewise be an undesirable outcome. Original Source
Primary – December 11 Sir David Brewster, the Scottish scientist who invented the kaleidoscope, was born on this date in 1781. Write a story about a time you saw a common object from a different perspective and realized you could use it in a new and different way. Leave a Reply * Copy This Password * * Type Or Paste Password Here *
The Buddha's sermons were initially oral, and in order to facilitate memory, they took the form of eulogies. Later, they were compiled as "Three Tibets" consisting of sutras, laws and theories. The basic doctrines of primitive Buddhism are "Four Connections", "Eight Paths" and "Twelve Reasons". Its core content is about the suffering of the real world and the ways to solve it. Buddhism originated in ancient India in the 6th to 5th centuries BC. Its founder is Siddhartha Chotamo, and Sakyamuni is a Buddhist honorific term for him, meaning "Sakyamuni sages". In the northern part of the ancient Tianzhu kingdom, there was a small town called Kapelovi, which was located at the foot of the Himalayas. The name of the King of the Kingdom of Kapilovia was Shoutupuna, and he was kindly called King of Clean Food. His queen Mayer gave birth to a son named Siddhartha, which means "the one who achieves his goal". He was known as the "Sakyamuni" of Buddha who could conquer the world at will. When he was young, he learned that man had a day to begin his life and a day to end it. After death, everything in him would be destroyed. Thoughts and intellect are all dissipated. His body would wither, too. He was so depressed that he never went out. All deception is deception. Ordinary people, born in the pain of their mothers, are in this kind of deception, through aging, disease, death, until the end. The whole world is a big lie. "There must be a way out of misery in the world, but I haven't found it yet. Maybe this road won't be discovered - if it doesn't. However, I would rather abandon everything to find this road, rather than mediocre and casual. The Prince meditated all day long, and gradually, I wondered how long it took for his consciousness to return to reality from meditation. He was dimly aware that someone told him that one could find trustworthy happiness in solitude and in the silence of the deep forest - happiness that never grows old and never decays. Because there is consciousness in silence. After the man left, hope illuminated the sad night in the prince's heart. Siddhartha did not hesitate to infuriate his father and was very determined to find a way out of suffering for all mankind." Siddhartha, in a lonely dark night, bid farewell to the palace and entered the deep mountains to learn Tao, and finally attained Buddhism under the Bodhi tree. Indian Buddhism can be roughly divided into three stages: primitive Buddhism, sectarian Buddhism and Mahayana Buddhism. The period of primitive Buddhism is about 100 years after Sakyamuni's death. Historically known as the period of "harmony and unity", this kind of "harmony and unity" is only a general unity. With the changes of society, around the second gathering in the 4th century B.C., Buddhists split up for the first time, resulting in two major sects, namely, the Upper Seat and the Mass. 。 From the 3rd century B.C. to the 1st century A.D., the Supreme Sect split seven times, becoming 12 sects, and the Mass Sect split four times, becoming 8 sects. This stage is the period of sectarian Buddhism. Mahayana Buddhism was formed in the 1st century AD. After the Buddha, Indian local dynasties alternated in prosperity and decline. It is said that in 261 B.C., King Asoka led the army to conquer the Kalingga kingdom of South India with a cruel military campaign and decided to abandon force and convert to Buddhism. With the support and help of King Ashoka, Buddhism has made great progress and began to spread in Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Central Asia and the Western Regions. In the first half of the 2nd century B.C., Indian Buddhism, founded by the Great Summer Kingdom, spread among Greek immigrants. At the same time, Buddhism was also influenced by Greek culture, and Buddha's statues began to appear, which was the period of the art of Jadhara. Mahayana Buddhism, according to historical documents, began in Songzan Ganbu (A.D. 17-650) in power. After Songzan Ganbu completed the unification of the Tibetan plateau ministries, in terms of spiritual domination, it needs an ideology favorable to the centralization of power by the central authorities. At that time, Tubo was almost surrounded by Buddhist forces, and it could not be influenced by Buddhism. In this way, Buddhism entered the snow plateau from India and the mainland. Songzangganbu introduced Buddhism into Tibet by marrying. After he first married Princess Chizun of Nepal, in 641, Songzan Ganbu married Tang Dynasty and Wencheng Princess. Chidezuzan (reigned from 704 to 755 A.D.) devoted himself to the development of Buddhism after the throne of Zanpu. In order to further promote Buddhism, Chisong Dezan took the traditional form of oath of alliance to consolidate the achievements of Buddhist revival within the upper ruling class, with the participation of the various internal and external ministers, thousands of households and generals. This famous "Samsung's tireless oath" shows that Buddhism has settled in the upper class of Tubo and began to become a dominant religion. Now. Indian Buddhism was introduced into the Han Dynasty. When Buddhism was spread in the Western Regions, it was introduced into China from the ancient Silk Road. According to historical records, Buddhism was introduced to the Central Plains in the late Western Han Dynasty. When Buddhism first came to the Han Dynasty, it began to exert some influence only on the royal families and noble landlords in the upper classes. In the Three Kingdoms Period, since Cao Cao, the Wei Dynasty prohibited folk spiritual sacrifices as "lewd sacrifices" and strictly restricted large-scale religious activities. In contrast, Sun Quan's Dongwu Group adopted a policy of tolerance and preference towards Buddhism, which made Buddhism develop greatly in the south of the Yangtze River and in the north with Luoyang as the center. Squares make up the court's resistance to etiquette. In the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Buddhism developed rapidly in the post-Zhao, pre-Qin, post-Qin and Beiliang countries, and it was the most prosperous Dynasty in the sixteen countries. The reason for the rapid expansion of Buddhism in Jiangnan society also depends on the strong Buddhist worship of emperors and nobles. All the emperors of the Eastern Jin Dynasty believed in Buddhism and made friends with monks and nuns. They gave special courtesy to the Salmons, and even went to and from the court to intervene in government affairs. The aristocracy's great civil construction and competing to build temples became a feature of Buddhism worship in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Buddhism had a firm foothold in the Han Dynasty. In the popularization and development of the Sixteen Kingdoms of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Buddhism became a belief for all nationalities to support together, thus enhancing the understanding and communication of the people of the North and South nationalities. This was of great significance in blurring the national boundaries of Hu and Han nationalities and maintaining a common psychological identity under the split situation at that time. At the same time, Buddhism has played a role in preventing felling and stabilizing society to a certain extent. To sum up, Buddhism originated in India and was imported into the Central Plains of China during the Han Dynasty. It first adhered to Taoism in Chinese traditional thought, then merged with metaphysics in Wei and Jin Dynasties, and began the process of sinicization. From this, it went to the road of independent development in the Northern and Southern Dynasties and the peak period in Sui and Tang Dynasties.
Asked by: Nebojsa Wagnermeier asked in category: General Last Updated: 7th April, 2020 What are some economic activities? Primary Sector Activities associated with primary economic activity include agriculture (both subsistence and commercial), mining, forestry, grazing, hunting and gathering, fishing, and quarrying. The packaging and processing of raw materials are also considered to be part of this sector. Click to see full answer. Similarly, you may ask, what are economic activities give examples? The production, distribution, and consumption of commodities is economic activities. Eg: goods and services is an example of primary economic activity. It is the action that involves the production, distribution, consumption of goods and services in our society. Furthermore, what are the 3 types of economic activities? The three-sector model in economics divides economies into three sectors of activity: extraction of raw materials (primary), manufacturing (secondary), and services (tertiary). Additionally, what are the 4 types of economic activity? Terms in this set (4) • Primary Economic Activity. uses natural resources directly to provide the basic raw materials for industry. • Secondary Economic Activity. uses raw materials to produce or manufacture something new. • Tertiary Activities. provides services to people and businesses. • Quaternary Activities. What are the types of economic activities explain? There are several types of economic activities including business, professions, and employment. Similarly, all the various components of a business involved in creating and distributing goods and services to the public are considered economic activities, such as marketing, production, warehousing and more. 23 Related Question Answers Found What are the 5 economic activities? What are the characteristics of economic activity? What are the examples of non economic activities? What are market activities? What are non economic activities? What are social activities? What defines economic growth? What are primary activities? What is the main economic activity? What are the major economic system? What do you mean by production? What do you mean by economic system? What do you understand by economic system?
Charles O'Neill HIST 3333 Dec 10, 1999 WW2 Luftwaffe Air Superiority NOTE: This is a rough draft of the final paper. I can't find the final paper! Charles O'Neill What accounts for the inability of the Luftwaffe to reestablish air superiority in 1944? In 1944 and 1945 the Luftwaffe was unable to reestablish air superiority. It is amazing that after the successes of France and Poland that the Luftwaffe could lose superiority. Yet there were underlying reasons that made the Luftwaffe ineffective. Three reasons are commonly given for its demise. First, that the training system was defunct. Second, no fuel was available to conduct operations. The final proposed reason is that its state of aircraft development although advanced had difficulties. The first proposed reason for failure was pilot training. The Luftwaffe did not reestablish air superiority after failing to keep the number of quality pilots needed to sustain an effective airforce. Their emphasis on short term goals overrode all but the most obvious long term goals in training new aircrew and keeping old aircrew properly trained. The father of modern military aviation, General Billy Mitchell, says in 1925 of training, ``After about a year's training the pilot is capable of joining the regular organization... An additional year, however, is required before a pilot really becomes the expert he should be'' (Mitchell, p 175). Thus it was well established even in 1925 that pilots take massive amounts of time to train properly as with any military force. Yet, the leaders of the Luftwaffe systematically prevented the emergence of effective pilots by denying good training. ``the average German fighter pilot enjoyed a training period of 160 flying hours, completed in aircraft which sometimes bore very little resemblance to the fighters which he would later be required to fly'' (Suchenwirth, p 28). In contrast to the average training of a Luftwaffe pilot was the training the Allied and especially the American pilots received. Dick Bong, a USAAF trainee, says in a letter, ``I now have about 595 hours... I've got about 90 hours in the P-38 now [the aircraft he later flew in combat]'' (Bong p. 17). Dick Bong's skills later served him in becoming the high scoring American Ace. The highest scoring pilot in the world, Erich Hartmann, talks of the replacement pilots he received into his Luftwaffe squadron. ``I get young men coming to my squadron in Russia with less than sixty hours' total flying time, and only twenty hours of that in the Me-109. They have to fly combat with such slender training. This accounts for most of our Eastern Front fighter losses... They can barely get the Me-109 up and back safely as it is, without fighting'' (Tolvier p. 146). Heinz Knoke, a German fighter pilot on the Western front, gave his opinion of the Luftwaffe training system as, ``With the exception of a Flight Sergeant who came from the Eastern Front, where he had been awarded the Iron Cross, they are all young N.C.O.s without experience, posted to us directly upon completion of courses at training schools which are altogether inadequate for operational requirements.'' (Knoke 152). To supplement the less than desired training, many of the front line pilots were engaging in the training of new pilots while at the front. ``I myself take them up for about 120 training flights. Two veteran combat pilots also give them instruction in blind flying. In addition, they receive advanced instruction in bombing and gunnery'' (Knoke 152). However much of a waste of the expert pilots flight time and wear on the front line aircraft this impromptu training was, the new pilots clearly were receiving training that would keep them alive. To those new pilots entering squadrons that did not have the expert pilots with the skill necessary to effectively train, the new pilots were expected to pick up well known maneuvers and tactics on their own or by studying their opponents superior flying. Clearly the system had failed. The heads of the Luftwaffe had been told in 1939 that the war would not last long so that there was no need to worry about training replacements. This attitude was held in favor in the early parts of the war but by 1944 that view was obviously wrong. However, the persistence of the quick war types had made the training branch of the Luftwaffe small and not politically powerful and as a result could never reach a point of decent training especially during a war. The fatal mistakes that killed training were not supplying the training squadrons with aircraft and not keeping proven instructors. There was a general lack of training aircraft in sufficient numbers. ``When the war broke out, the ratio [of combat to non-combat aircraft] was 57 to 43... and in 1944 it reached 88 to 12'' (Mitcham p. 223). This was combined with the lack of gasoline due to not being able to stop the Allied bombing of oil refineries. ``the allocation [of gasoline] to the Chief of Training was restricted so tightly that only certain categories of personnel (and these only in limited numbers) could be trained'' (Suchenwirth p. 27). Worse still, the heads of the Luftwaffe regularly robbed the training squadrons of aircraft to deal with any sort of crisis. The most blatant example of taking training aircraft for front line operations was during the airlift at Stalingrad in the winter of 1942. Due to the Red Army surrounding the German 6th army at Stalingrad, Goering proposed using the Luftwaffe to supply the trapped army with supplies. The amount needed meant that ``it would take 1050 Ju-52s [the standard transport]... At that time there were only about 750 Ju-52s in the entire Luftwaffe'' (Mitcham p 186). To make up the difference, the Luftwaffe would have to suddenly create 300 transport aircraft. ``Goering reacted to the situation in his typical manner: he stripped the Training Command of 600 aircraft, plus its best instructors and crewmen'' The gamble did not work and in any attempt the worst was still to come. The Russian ground advances and fighter attacks meant that the trainer aircraft along with transport aircraft were slaughtered. ``It lost 488 transport aircraft alone... Germany had lost well over half of its Ju-52 transport fleet, as well as the majority of its experienced crews and many of its instructor pilots'' (Mitcham p. 193). This was no way to keep any type of a training system active. Also bothersome to the training of new pilots was the almost omnipotent Allied air force. At many of the research and training sites the airfields were constantly targeted by stratigicly motivated Allied planners. At one of the sites of the German jet fighter training bases, ``The base was bombed early every morning, and flying could not start until after the runway was patched... Flying was only possible for about an hour and a half, because at 12:30 every afternoon formations of USAAF P-38's swept in at treetop level and hosed the base down with gunfire'' (Toliver p. 157). With the limited numbers of aircraft and the even more limited time for training, no significant number of new pilots could be trained to resupply the Luftwaffe. More than any other major Airforce of World War 2, the Luftwaffe refused to keep expert pilots alive other than with their skills in combat. In contrast to American pilots who were rotated on combat after achieving a certain number of missions or kills, a German pilot flew until he was either captured, killed or wounded. In the case of the American training system, expert pilots were given additional training while giving training to others. In the Pacific, Dick Bong had been rotated out of duty for a while. ``Kenney [Bong's commander] wanted Dick to serve as an instructor and pass along the gunnery information he had obtained'' (Bong p. 95). In this way, the expert pilots were able to teach an increasingly greater number of new pilots on how to fly effective combat. ``But if the man you are assigned to fly with does not give you a chance to develop this acumen-to find yourself as a combat pilot-you will be shot down for sure'' (Toliver p. 43). In Germany, small groups of expert pilots were surviving in combat while massive numbers of ill-trained and new pilots were quickly becoming casualties because of a lack of proper training. The Luftwaffe's failure to keep air superiority in 1944 and 1945 was partially due to a failure of training. Once the war started, aircraft and men were requested to the front. Thus, new pilots were not properly trained and were therefor unable to sustain the combat losses . A second reason for the failure to keep air superiority was a lack of fuel. In May 1944, the allies started concentrating their strategic bombers on Germany's oil industry. Without supplies of oil, the Luftwaffe could not put its planes into the air regardless of how many aircraft or trained crew available. The Russian advances in eastern Europe had reduced the supply of natural oil. To supplement these losses, Germany had developed synthesis for extracting fuels from otherwise militarily useless products. For example, a method was created ``where benzol was derived as a by-product of the coke ovens'' (Boyne p. 346). From the beginning of the switch, the allies struck hard and systematically at the oil production. ``224 Liberators hit Politz so hard that synthetic oil production there entirely ceased for two whole months... In May the total production of this [aviation fuel] sank by 60,000 to only 120,000 tons- 30,000 tons less than the Luftwaffe's minimum monthly requirements'' (Bekker p. 354). The Allied strategic bombing had finally found a critical industry,oil production, that could be affected by bombing. With a industry below the needed production, Allied bombers could be guaranteed fewer enemy aircraft rising to meet them. A vicious cycle was in the making. These losses also affected the ground troops which with a ever increasing area on the ground controlled by the Allies would mean an ever shrinking supply of oil. Due to reserves, the oil crisis doesn't immediately affect the airforce but on the 10th of September 1944, A Luftwaffe Fighter Squadron Leader writes that``the fuel shortage has become a matter of very grave concern'' (Knoke p. 177). Knoke also writes that necessary ground transportation involved gathering and taking all of the fuel needed for a trip since ``we cannot be certain of obtaining any en route'' (Knoke p 179). Without fuel the entire fighting ability of a mobile force is ruined. Even the research sites and elite formations were affected. ``By the end of the war, the 220,000 tons of bombs rained down on the German oil industry had reduced its output to 5 percent of the previous year's production, resulting in bizarre anomalies like the latest thing in aviation, jet fighters, being towed to their takeoff positions by teams of horses to save on the fuel required for taxiing'' (Boyne p. 346). By not achieving air superiority in 1944, the Luftwaffe was unable to find the resources needed to sustain both its self and the entire Axis military and was therefore massively hindered in trying to reestablish air superiority. Ironically, the cause and the effect were the same, a lack of superiority. Thus after the initial wave of Allied successes against the Axis air forces, the Axis would be in an ever worsening situation in which the final result would be their military defeat. The final reason for the failure of the Luftwaffe in 1944 was the state of its aircraft development. Again due the the assumption of a quick and easy war, the Luftwaffe started on the wrong note as early as the 1930's. The final decision of death was slow production and a reliance on the arrival of the secret weapons. Germany was capable of producing massive numbers of aircraft; however, strangely enough it refused until after the point of no return. A pilot on the Western front bluntly gave a correct assessment. ``We need more aircraft, better engines-and fewer Headquarters'' (Knoke p. 126). Yet somehow the demands for more aircraft were not heeded until 1944. A bureaucracy had been developed before the war to deal with the upcoming conflicts. ``As early as 1935, specific instructions indicating the steps to be taken in case of war had been issued to the German air armament industry... During 1935 and 1936 the Technical Office carried out test mobilization in a number of factories, and the experience thus gained was of great value'' (Suchenwirth p. 45,46). However, the ability to produce was offset by a reluctance to produce due to over-confidence in future successes. General Walter Warlimont, deputy chief of the Armed Forces Operations Staff, wrote after the war to Suchenwirth (Suchenwirth p. 47) To put it briefly, none of the carefully thought-out measures designed to protect the armament industry by keeping its skilled workers on the job was put into effect. Not until it was no longer possible to ignore the fact that the West meant business was any attempt made to undo the damage. By then, of course, it was no longer a matter of putting a certain paragraph of the mobilization plan into effect, but of ordering back every single skilled worker from the front, provided of course, that he was still among the living. The net affect of this slow production rate was to make the Luftwaffe fall seriously behind in the war of production between the Allies and the Axis. After reorganization in 1944 by Dorsch of the Ministry of Armament and War Economy, the production shot to new highs. In 1944 the production of fighter aircraft, almost 11 thousand not including the 1000 jet aircraft, was significantly more than all of the previous 5 years of wartime production. From 1943 to 1944, the production of all types almost doubled. (Bekker Appendix 13) Even with the massive numbers of aircraft built, Germany had lost the production race against the almost unlimited resources and manpower of the Allies especially the United States. In 1944 America had produced almost 100 thousand aircraft (Angelucci p. 361). Thus Knoke was correct in assessing the loss ratio of the Luftwaffe. ``The loss of five aircraft... means as much as a loss of fifty of the enemy'' (Knoke p. 167). Germany was capable of building the needed numbers of aircraft but didn't until late in the war. This had several effects all of which hurt its fighting strength. These effects were an increasingly greater number of aircraft needed, a failure to meet the bombers with a strong force and a failure to keep the long range Allied fighters at bay. Number one, the Luftwaffe was constantly short of aircraft during the struggle in both the east and west. Had more aircraft been available, the Allies would have had a much harder time resisting the initial German onslaught and perhaps would have failed. With these early phases of the war lost, many of the battle such as the aerial Battle of Britain and Russia were that of attrition in which not surprisingly the Allies won. Thus the Allies were able to apply stronger and stronger pressure in the air while the Axis slowly lagged behind. The Luftwaffe lost the battle of production. Number two, the Luftwaffe could have kept air superiority with the strategic bombers that were to eventually arrive over Germany. When intercepting American strategic bombers, the fighter aircraft's limited range and firepower and the bomber's speed correlated the number of shot down bombers with the number of fighter aircraft available. Since the number of bombers being manufactured was increasing, the Luftwaffe would have needed to either increase the number of aircraft or weapons available to continue with the same losses.``Our aircraft are rigged with...ejection tubes for a kind of eight-inch mortar shell.. At this rate we shall soon find ourselves carrying heavy artillery'' (Knoke p. 110). New weapons such as the rocket increased the firepower of the Luftwaffe but this was after the arrival of bomber escorts which diminished their usefulness. ``The Gustavs [Me-109G] in my Flight are becoming sluggish to handle under the heavy load of stovepipes [rocket launching tubes] as well as everything else that has to be carried'' (Knoke p. 115). Increased firepower was not the perfect answer, due to the multirole use of the fighter aircraft against both bombers and other fighters. The Luftwaffe needed more aircraft to deal with the bombers. Three, the arrival of long range Allied aircraft would have been made insignificant due to the number of intercepting Axis aircraft. In actuality, German aircraft were unable to attack the bombers for more than a few passes because of the overwhelming numbers of Allied aircraft that would queue up on even the smallest number of German fighters. The bomber crews loved the sight of escorts. ``The P-38s [American long range fighter] came in quite close to us, and the moment they were aware of enemy activity, they were right on the German fighters'' (O'Neill p. 138). After the arrival of even the powerful and long range fighters such as the P-51, the Luftwaffe was even more pressed to meet the Allies in sufficient numbers. Only with the arrival of vastly superior performance planes would the Luftwaffe have a chance at the bombers. As such, the mobilization of the German aircraft industry occurred too late even though those plans had previously existed and been tried. When in 1944 the Luftwaffe was finally given the planes it needed, the stage had already been set from the previous 5 years of neglect. Without taking into account the deficiencies in training and resources, the sudden mobilization of the Axis aircraft production put the Luftwaffe in a tough situation due to Allied efforts in escorting and production. By 1944, the Luftwaffe's future was relying on the so called secret weapons development. Impressive aviation firsts and records were made yet these alone do not win air superiority. As a whole, the secret weapons could not succeed due a series of bad decisions. The Luftwaffe's aircraft developments were nearly doomed from the beginning. Once again due to the commonly held view of a quick success, the heads of the Luftwaffe stopped new aircraft development. ``All technical developments which could not be completed during 1940-41 must be stopped'' (Heinkel p. 197). The stopping of developments was only to devote more attention on current fighter production was illogical given the low production rates were due not to a lack of the ability to produce but instead to a lack of initiative as previously shown. The aircraft manufactors without surprise did not think much of the development stop. ``This halting of technical progress.. robbed the Luftwaffe of the advance it had achieved and could never be made up'' (Heinkel p. 197). In many cases, even when far superior aircraft were developed, the leadership would continue to use and endorse the older design. Later when the Allied production was swamping them, the Luftwaffe's negligence at maintaing the development of new aircraft would evident. A particularly bad example of the misuse of a promising new aircraft was the He 219. The He 219 was originally designed as a long range recon; however, its best role eventually was that of a night fighter. It had 6 twenty millimeter cannons, an ejection seat, radar and incredible speed. When introduced in 1943 on its first night mission, it shot down 5 Lancaster bombers in 30 minutes (Boyne 330). Later the He 219 had more powerful engines installed that pushed the maximum speed to 450 mph which matched or exceeded most in-service Allied fighter aircraft. For all of the aerodynamic, propulsion and weapons system advances the He219 had incorporated, production was only 268. This lack of production was due to the insistence of adapting the slower and nearing obsolete Ju88 into a night fighter. The German Aircraft designer Heinkel writes about the He 219 in his autobiography. He recalls a question his designers asked during the war ``why the He 219, in view of its great success at the front, had not been mass-produced but instead had virtually been killed. Staff Engineer Beist replied, `The Front prefers the Ju 388''' at which point the designers counter-reply is ```... the Ju 388 has never been at the front. How can the front form an opinion of a plane still in the blueprint stage?'''(Heinkel p 238). Once again, the Luftwaffe leadership failed to understand the principles of production and effectiveness. By 1944, the success of the Luftwaffe was being diminished and the pilots were begging for new, better and faster aircraft systems. ``We are still waiting for the new `secret weapon'. We fighter pilots in particular are anziosly awaiting the appearance of jet aircraft on operations.'' (Knoke p. 177). Yet even with the overly apparent failure of the Luftwaffe to maintain air superiority, the Luftwaffe was being pressured into more mistakes. ``the first jets to come off the assembly line are to be used only for purposes of `reprisal... We are forbidden so much as to discuss the possibility of effectively using jets on operations'' (Knoke p. 177). Instead of being fighters, the new aircraft were to be modified as bombers. However, ``changing the conception from fighter to fighter-bomber meant a hight takeoff weight, additional drag... and a tradeoff in performance. For a bomber, the airplane lacked.. adequate visibility for dropping bombs with accuracy'' (Wagner p. 122). Nevertheless, the conversion to a bomber proceeded and set operational date for the aircraft back even further. This was time that the Luftwaffe could not afford to waste. In the end, the development of the turbojet powered aircraft outlived the Luftwaffe. The Luftwaffe failed to develop the necessary types and quantity to achieve success. Newer designs were often not used for the intended purpose if used at all. With the loss of the necessary quantity of a quality air force, the Luftwaffe was not able to survive. The Luftwaffe was unable to reestablish air superiority in either 1944 or 1945. The failure to maintain air superiority meant the final destruction of the Axis powers not only in the air but also on the ground. In the end, all three reasons contributed to the failure; however, the most critical and dangerous was the lack of fuel. In the other two failures, training and development, the situation would get better with time. Only in the fuel situation would the efforts of the Allies in destroying fuel combine with the Axis in using fuel to create a never ending and ever tightening spiral. All three failure reasons depended upon each other, yet the most critical to both training and production is the availability of energy. Surprisingly, the failures were not caused by isolated events instead by the Luftwaffe leaders in assuming the war would be short. Angelucci, Enzo (1988). The Rand McNally Encyclopedia of Military Aircraft 1914-1980 New York: The Military Press. Bekker, Cajus (1968). The Luftwaffe War Diaries, Garden City, New York: Doubleday & Company. Bong, Carl, O'Connor, Mike (1985). Ace of Aces: The Dick Bong Story. Champlin Fighter Museum. Heinkel, Ernst (1956). Stormy Life: Memoirs of a Pioneer of the Air Age, New York: E. P. Dutton. Knoke, Heinz (1997). I flew for the Fuhrer. London: Greenhill Books. Mitcham, Samuel W. (1997). Eagles of the Third Reich. Novata, CA: Presidio Press. Mitchell, William (1925). Winged Defense. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons. O'Neill, Brian D. (1989). Half a wing, three engines, and a prayer: B-17s over Germany. Blue Ridge Summit, PA: Tab/Aero Books. Suchenwirth, Richard (1968). Historical Turning Points in the German Air Force War Effort. New York: Arno Press. Toliver, Raymond F., Constable, Trevor J. (1970). The blond knight of Germany. Blue Ridge Summit, PA: Tab/Aero Books. Wagner, Wolfgang (1998). The History of German Aviation: The First Jet Aircraft. Atglen, PA: Schiffer Publishing. File translated from TEX by TTH, version 1.92. On 27 Mar 2001, 17:00.
How To: Understand television interlacing Understand television interlacing Interlacing is not evil. In fact, it's a brilliant solution to some really thorny technological problems. This segment explains exactly how interlacing works, why it's important, when you want to use it and how to get rid of it when you don't. Watch this video tutorial and learn how to understand interlacing. Buy Now (97% off) > Other worthwhile deals to check out: Our Best Phone Hacks Gadget Hacks' tips — delivered daily. 1 Comment very mediocre... the rationale for interlacing was not explained.... why send half the information at twice the rate just to end up with the same frame rate? This question is never answered directly. The answer is that by illuminating half the phosphors every 1/60th of a second the average luminance remains high enough during the 1/30th of a second frame time to avoid the perception of flicker. Without this the explanation is worse than useless. Share Your Thoughts • Hot • Latest
Artificial Intelligence: Necessity or Waste of Space? Brent Wallace The video game industry used to be much simpler than it is today. In the past, people who wanted to play video games simply had to stop by the arcades, but the days of the arcades are mostly gone and now the majority of gamers have to buy a console or computer in order to play. As technology for these platforms advanced, such as the development of the Internet for online play and more advanced game engines for powering their games, video games have also been advancing along with technology. Believe it or not however, even in today’s high-tech world, not everyone has a speedy internet connection. And not every gamer has hundreds of hours to kill either. And most of gaming’s genres, such as strategy games and shooters, require some kind of non-player controlled resistance. This is where artificial intelligence (AI) comes in. AI has had a role in video games for a long time. AI-controlled characters first started appearing in the 1970s and ’80s in arcade games such as Space Invaders and Pac-Man. When new genres such as real-time-strategy started appearing in the 1990s, AI development became more complex, as video games started featuring more in-game tasks for AI to handle. And the AI of video games quickly rose up to the new challenges. These days, AI is regarded as a very important aspect of most single-player games, and even some multiplayer games. The use and necessity of AI in video games varies heavily depending upon what genre is being focused on, and whether or not the game is focused on single player or multiplayer. Multiplayer focused games have commonly excluded AI support, since it is viewed as an unnecessary addition since you can play against other human players. Recently, however, an increasing number of multiplayer-focused games such as the Unreal Tournament series and Enemy Territory: Quake Wars have started to go the extra length and provide AI to play against. Some multiplayer games have gained critical acclaim because of their AI. The Unreal Tournament series is a perfect example of this, as it has been reported that many people who play Unreal Tournament are content playing against the game’s high-quality AI instead of going online. Ultimately however, the whole point of a multiplayer game is to have human players go against each other. Some say that the purpose of AI in multiplayer games is simply that of a placeholder for when human players aren’t available. On the other hand, some would also think that multiplayer AI should be more than just a placeholder and actually play the game skillfully enough so that it becomes tricky to differentiate human players from AI-controlled players. Then there are single player modes, in which the purpose of AI is much more easily defined. At the same time however, the use of AI for single player is much more varied than it is with multiplayer games, since AI characters can have different capabilities, options, and roles than the player – differences that would never fit into a multiplayer game. When they create single-player campaigns and modes, some developers take the extra effort to make their AI characters put up an extremely challenging performance for the player, while others settle with an average, but still entertaining AI. There are nearly endless possibilities for what can be done with AI in single player to enhance the experience. So how should developers use AI to attain the best experience possible with their video games? Should they rely on godlike AI or average AI? Many developers unfortunately settle with weak AI. Developers should try to strike a balance and offer both strong and average AI, not just in single player games, but in multiplayer games as well because, as said above, not everyone has a speedy Internet connection. By offering both strong and weak AIs, developers can truly enhance just about any game they create. The only type of AI developers need to avoid is weak AI, which is a type of AI that far too many developers use. Although the quality of video game AI has improved vastly over the years, the uses and importance of AI has for the most part been the same. As such, AI has made a firm role for itself in the video game industry, and should keep players entertained for years to come.
Finance Terms: Ultimate Glossary of Commercial Terms If you are involved in business finance, there is some terminology that you will need to know and understand in order to communicate effectively and make an impact. Finance Terms range from basic to technical, and they all represent different aspects of your business activities. Business Finance Terms If know and more importantly, understand finance terms, doing business can be made moreasy. When you are in a financial setting it may even end up with good confidence to control cash flow in your business. • Assets This is a finance term that every business must use. Assets refer to what you have and own as a business including cash in hand and in the bank as well. It also comprises of all your economic resources including products in your inventory, furniture, and fixings, supplies, trademarks, copyrights, etc. These assets normally count towards the entire value of the business and in case of difficulties, these are what you sell as a business in order to remain afloat. • Liabilities Well, you cannot talk about assets without talking about liabilities. While assets refer to what you own, liabilities refer to what you owe. If you have a bank loan, the money you owe your debtors, credit card loans, the money you owe your manufacturers, etc. It will also include any long-term debts such as mortgages, and car loans. In order to establish the total worth of the company, you will need to calculate the difference between your assets and liabilities. • Expenses This Finance Term refers to what you spend in order to run your business. It is normally counted as a part of your liabilities because it is something that you must pay. Expenses comprise of items such as electricity bills, staff salaries, cost of advertising and marketing, employee bonuses, fuel for company cars, etc. In order to make your business financing remain solid, you are encouraged to always spend less than you have, because in calculating the worth of the company, expenses are counted as liabilities, and therefore they contribute to the final figure. • Cashflow This refers to the movement of funds in your organization within a given financial year. Every business must be able to track its cash flow in order to determine its solvency. Now, in order to make this simple to understand this Finance Term, you are supposed to track the business’s finances in terms of what you started with, what you received mostly in terms of sales and how much you spent at the end of a financial period. In short, it is the movement of cash/funds. • Financial Report At the end of the financial year, each company is required to produce a financial report. This is simply a report that showcases everything that happened financially for the whole year. The financial report should clearly show the assets of the company, the total amount of sales you made in that year, the amount of money you made before paying taxes, and the profit after paying the tax that the company is projected to make. This report is mandatory and must be made public, especially if the company has shareholders. It should in addition to the above, show the public how much a company is willing to pay in terms of dividends to its shareholders. This report must always be displayed during every shareholders meeting that the company has. • Capital Capital is a Finance Term which refers to the initial investment. It is the amount of money you invest in order to start the business. It can be added to as time goes by, depending on the needs of the organization. If you need to change one or two things and you require a boost to your business, you can always add to the capital, and this should always be displayed in the financial statement at the end of the financial period. • Accounts Receivable This refers to the amount of money that your clients owe you. It is the amount that you expect to receive after requesting that your clients pay you what they owe you. What most businesses do is to prepare invoices and send them to their clients so that they can be aware of how much they owe you and when they are supposed to pay what they owe. If this is not paid, you are entitled to involve the law and legally request the client to pay you what they owe. Accounts receivable is also shown when preparing a financial statement as this is money that is legally yours, just that you haven’t physically received yet, but, it still legally belongs to you. • Depreciation The general rule of business is that assets always depreciate in value. If you own cars, farming equipment, machinery, etc. they depreciate in value year after year, and what they were valued at this year will not be the same next year. When preparing the financial statements, you are allowed to recover the value of depreciation of these products through a deduction. This deduction is however fixed in the form of a percentage, of which you calculate as a projection of how much the asset is likely to lose in value that year. The beauty of this is that depreciation is an asset to the organization. • Valuation With depreciation, there must be valuation. Valuation is the most important business Finance Terms which refers to the estimated value of assets in your company, and it is what you shall use in order to calculate the depreciation. You must always value what you have so that you always know how much they would fetch if you decided to sell them off. It is also an extremely valuable figure to investors because they use it in order to know exactly how much your business is worth. These are just a few of the Finance Terms you need to know as a business owner, but there are plenty more. In order to become successful in business, you must be able to express yourself in the right way and taking time to understand the terminology is crucial to the success of your business. Related Articles: Finance Guide for BeginnersApplication of Finance in Students Life Leave A Reply
What is LED Lighting? An abbreviation for Light Emitting Diode, and still nobody knows what that means. From an engineer prospectus, it t is a semiconductor light source that emits light when current flows through it. Electrons in the semi conductor recombine with electron holes, releasing energy in the form of photons. Still unclear, well you're not alone, but please review the other questions to better understand the benefits of LED lights. What are some of the benefits of LED light? A traditional light source like a fluorescent, metal halide or high pressure sodium requires an enormous amount of energy to produce light, however, LED requires very little energy. Also, the lifespan of a LED operating at a 40 hour work week, is calculated to last up to 24 years compared to only a few years using traditional lighting. What is the maintenance savings? Frequent lamp replacements can be costly and maintenance savings is one of the primary drivers in the adoption of LED lights in markets such as street lighting and parking lots because of the long lifespan of LED’s compared to traditional lighting. Why are lights so hot when I touch them? Traditional lights convert most of the energy into infrared radiation (IR) which radiates heat. LED do not emit IR, instead a heat sink removes the waste heat generated by the LED, which enhances the efficiency and performance of HVAC systems. Are there any Emergency LED for homes? Most homes in Canada lack the most important emergency measure for protecting themselves, especially the children. When there is a fire and the home is filled with smoke, in most cases, the result is always fatal for the family. Our emergency lighting system is a stylist scone (located at our Online Interior LED) that gives you and your family 90 minutes of light when the power fails. You wake up to the sound of the smoke alarm, but your house is full of smoke and your disorientated, this one device will help you & your children find your way to safety and may be the importation survival device for your family to make it out alive. What is Dynamic Human Centric Lighting? It is providing a specific light for a specific task in a specific space. Human Centric Optics, a Canadian company, produces dynamic human centric lighting. You, the user, at the push of a button, can control the LED lights to trigger a molecular reaction in your employees and customers to enhance their cognitive, concentration, motivation and alertness levels and also reduce anxiety, stress and other health problems at the workplace. It also resets a person’s body to its biological clock at the end of the day or shift to prepare for rest and regeneration at home. Widespread in Europe, there are only 3 manufacturers in North America, two from the USA and one in Canada. What do they mean by Dark Skies Approved LED? Just like traditional lighting, LED is also guilty of light pollution. This pollution not only prevents us from star gazing, but disrupts insect and bird migration that is important to farmers, their crops and also maintaining an ecological equilibrium. So, a non profit organization was formed, called the International Dark Sky Association (IDA) which among other things, test and approve exterior LED lights that prevent light pollution. So, when a Lighting company states their exterior lights are Dark Ski Complainant, it means it safe to use? That is a really good question, but unfortunately, that's not true. Many lighting manufacturers try to deceive you with spec sheets and brochures with terminology similar to what IDA uses. Don't be fooled with BUG optics, Dark Sky Compliant (DSC), Night-Time Friendly etc. If they do not have the Fixture Seal of Approval, then, they are not approved by IDA. . Why do warehouses and office look so dark? Conventional lamps emit light in all directions, which can result in lower fixture efficiencies due to the light loss. Light emitted from an LED device is more unidirectional and controlled, meaning that fewer photons are trapped within the lighting fixture. LED sources can be easily targeted to illuminate parts of an object or area. Are all LED fixtures made the same way? NO, many individuals are unaware of the proper certifications you need for your LED to operate safely and not cause any fire hazard. We have taken the steps to ensure you, the buyer, do not make the wrong choice by creating two categories on our online store for you to choose safely. 1. UL is the certification that is required for your LED to operate safely in North America. 2. CE is the certification that is require for your LED to operate safely in Europe and other international countries. Are LED lights dimmable? LED luminaries can be designed with dimming controls and motion sensors to adjust brightness levels. LED can be dimmed more efficiently than fluorescent because the rapid and frequent on/off cycles do not affect its lifespan. These controls can reduce the operating hours of the LED system and lead to greater energy savings. What is the durability of LED fixtures? LED sources produce light by passing a current through thin layers of a semi-conductive material. Inherent in this solid-state light production mechanism is the ability of the source to resist vibration, impact and adverse weather like humidity. That being said, when LED fixtures are not probably installed to allow air circulation or unknown power distribution in older buildings, it may negatively affect the lifespan of LED. Will LED take a long time to turn on in cold temperatures? Good question, there is nothing worst than standing in the dark waiting for the light to turn on. A LED light will instantly turn on in any weather temperature and this is why an occupancy sensor paired with an LED is the best solution in lower your energy cost on your power bill. The LED performance inherently improves as operating temperatures drop. This gives LED outdoor lighting an advantage over other light sources as its efficacy increases when exposed to winter weather conditions. Will a LED stop producing light if it fails? LED luminaries are made of multiple diodes and are less likely to fail simultaneously, which will in turn lead to less downtime. Users have reported fixtures with a certain amount of the diodes failing while the light is still producing full brightness. Are LED lights safe? Yes, as mention earlier, there is not infrared radiation (IR) and all LED contain "no mercury" that require special handling for disposal. All LED luminaries are RoHS compliant. Most people are unaware that when one CFL or 4-ft fluorescent tube breaks, it is recommended that you shut off the furnace and call the local fire department for proper clean up because of the mercury that is released in the air. Most are unaware of the health risk regarding mercury because it can cause neurological disorders, emotional instability and other harmful conditions to humans, not to mention the mercury content in one 4-ft tube can pollute over 7,000 gallons of fresh water. Why are some lights different colors and do they make a difference? Yes, they do make a difference. The rule of thumb is to ensure in residential homes, all LED lights should be 2700-3000 kelvin so that it provide a softer light for reading and allowing the body to release melatonin to promote healthy sleep rhythms. Business should be at 5,000 Kelvin to provide alertness and higher concentration. Exterior lighting should be at 5700 Kelvin on main roadways and business that need it for security cameras and to provide a level of safety to its clients. The higher K value will ensure the beam can cut through environment contaminants such as fog, rain, snow etc. It should be noted that business near residential areas and even residential roads should not have any exterior light above 3000 Kelvin. And, all exterior LED fixtures should have the IDA certification from Dark Skies. We do offer exterior LED lights that are IDA certified. Is UVC light safe to use? NO, the FDA's position regarding UVC light, is the delivery method. In order for it to be effective, the light must shine directly on the surface and all individuals must leave the room and area before starting the disinfecting process. WARNING: No individual should be in direct contact with any UVC light during the disinfecting process, being behind a glass or solid partition is required as a safety prevention. What makes a UVC light so dangerous? You do not want to be directly exposed to any UVC light because, when activated, the sterilization principle of a specific UVC ray will destroy the molecular structure of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) or RNA (ribose ribonucleic acid) in the cells of microorganisms, resulting in the death of growth cells or regenerative cells to achieve the effect of sterilization. WARNING: No individual should be in direct contact with any UVC light during the disinfecting process, be behind a partition or wear UVC safety goggles and apparel.
Image for post Image for post Communicating how to communicate. Source: Mike Meyers (Unsplash) Does Technological Change Shape Historical Change? Musings on Technological Determinism, Ontological Design, and the Making of History Chris Neels Feb 11, 2020 · 5 min read In the opening passage of Do Machines Make History (1967), Robert Heilbroner argues that technology has a direct bearing on the human drama of history—but it does not make all of history. The challenge he identifies is whether something systematic can be said about the matter. In this piece, I briefly evaluate the degree to which technological change shapes historical change. I leave discussion on reasons why technologies change for other debates—instead focusing on the effects of technology, irrespective of their determinants. I suggest that while historical change depends on more than just technology, technology plays an unignorable role. Technology expands the range of actions for history-makers, exerts political influence (whether reflecting or independent of the intent of its makers), and can invite a cascade of further technological change. Before covering the arguments for and against technological change shaping historical change, I start by laying out a working definition of terms. Technological change encompasses any changes to assemblages of technology within a society. This means looking at not just innovation and invention, but also maintenance, repair, remodelling and reuse (Edgerton 1999, 120). Doing so considers the full range of differentiability to technology that could drive history. For instance, the invention, operation, and “disinvention” of concrete around the Roman Empire are of equal interest. Meanwhile, I limit discussion on historical change to large-scale socioeconomic changes. Considering social and economic factors at this level of granularity focuses our attention on substantial, generalizable conditions of human experience. The first argument for the influence of technology is a common one. If the configuration of technologies in our lives influences our material conditions, then it stands to reason that changes to these technologies alter the conditions in which we live. As technology shapes our biological and physical environments, it can even shape how we live together socially (MacKenzie and Wacjman 1999, 2). For instance, growing economic prosperity in the post-War period would not have been possible without advances in industrialization attributable to electrification and automation. While such technology did not cause socioeconomic changes like rising women’s educational attainment[1] per se, it did establish the requisite economic conditions that afforded changes to social conditions. MacKenzie and Wacjman (1999) used White’s attribution of feudalism to the stirrup to illustrate that technology affords, but does not cause, historical change. The stirrup “caused” feudalism amongst the Franks but not Anglo-Saxon England, suggesting that changing technology is intermeshed with politics, culture, and economics in how it changes history. Thus, technology matters to history because it expands, or constrains, the array of choices available to actors. Technologies can also possess political qualities, which exert a “gravitational pull” on history as the scale of the technology grows. Winner (1980) showed how technology can be built to dictate the political values of its makers, as seen through the Moses low bridges that restricted buses used by poorer demographics from passing through. Technology need not determine our behaviour; it can also be designed to invite certain behaviours. For instance, the design of the Bakelite rotary telephone intuitively communicated how people should communicate for nearly a century. Its sculpted form spelled out exactly where it should be held, how it should be spoken into, and how users should listen (Sudjic 2009). Similarly, the main screen of the dating app Tinder features yet-to-be assessed potential mates instead of conversations with already-made matches, inviting users to participate in a perpetual search rather than engage in prolonged conversations. When Tinder became widely used, it instituted a slot machine dating culture. Each change to the design of a technology influences how society engages with it and, by extension, the broader world.[2] Makers exert historical influence by controlling the characteristics of artefacts that people interact with. Winner also showed how technologies can require new social conditions to create and maintain them. Society makes Faustian bargains like receiving affordable goods in exchange for highly specialized roles that mass production technologies require. To the degree that trade-offs required by technology are made, history can shift to new socioeconomic equilibria. As much as technology can be argued to reinforce the status quo because it’s constructed within the social constructs of that time and place, their altered equations of costs and benefits can, consciously or unconsciously, buck existing orders. Yet, the weight we place on technologies generally may be too generous, for some impact history more than others. Most “technologies” might be deemed insignificant by historians; those that are truly epoch-making are rare. Yet, there is the odd technology that spurs more technology. Whether they follow an “internal logic” is irrelevant. What matters is that technology can not only expand the range of social choices to people, it can also expand the options to develop technology itself. For instance, transistors can be followed by computers, which enable networks, applications, cloud services, and countless other technologies. These self-recursive patterns are not a source of historical change in themselves, but they do magnify the aforementioned technology-induced social changes. Technology has effects on history. While historical change is ultimately driven by people, changes to technology alter the array of choices they can make, their material conditions, and the politics exerted upon them by both man and machine. The medium is not the message, but it is a catalyst for historical change. Recognizing that technology can be a strong co-determinant of future socioeconomic configurations strengthens, rather than weakens, the attitude that social agency should be placed over technology. Better understanding the qualities of socio-technical systems of change today may be the most productive way to shape how history will be written in the future. [1] Along with its related effects to marriage, fertility, and employment (Tsuya 2001). [2] As Winner (1980, 127) put it, “the things we call technologies are ways of building order in our world.” • Edgerton, David. 1999. From innovation to use: Ten eclectic theses on the historiography of technology, History and Technology, an International Journal, 16:2, 111–136, DOI: 10.1080/07341519908581961. • Heilbroner, Robert. 1967. “Do Machines Make History?” Technology and Culture 8, №3 (July 1967): 335–345. • MacKenzie, Donald and Judy Wajcman. 1999. “Opening Essay” in The Social Shaping of Technology: Second Edition. Buckingham, UK: Open University Press. • Sudjic, Deyan. 2009. The Language of Things. London, UK: Penguin Publishing. • Tsuya, N.O. 2001. “Fertility Transition: East Asia.” International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences (2001): 5575–5578. • Winner, Langdon. “Do Artefacts Have Politics?” Daedalus 109, №1 (Winter, 1980): 121–136. • Wyatt, Sally. 2007. “Technological Determinism is Dead; Long Live Technological Determinism.” The Handbook of Science and Technology Studies: Third Edition. Edited by Edward J. Hackett, Olga Amsterdamska, Michael E. Lynch, and Judy Wajcman. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Sign up for Predict Newsletter By Predict Monthly updates on science and technology shaping our future. Take a look Check your inbox Medium sent you an email at to complete your subscription. Chris Neels Written by Founder — 2100. Twitter: @designfor2100 where the future is written Chris Neels Written by Founder — 2100. Twitter: @designfor2100 where the future is written Get the Medium app
What Are Active-Shooter Drills Doing to Kids? The psychological effects of realistic simulations could be dangerous There’s always at least one kid in tears, as they huddle under their desks in the dark. Still Beth Manias, an early-elementary literacy teacher outside of Seattle, tries to act upbeat and relaxed. “I have them whisper about their favorite candy, dinner, books, movies—whatever, as a distraction,” Manias told me. She tells the kids they’re practicing to stay safe in case there’s ever a bear on campus. Though, she admits, “They always see through this. The older they get, the more savvy they become, probably because they are exposed to more of the news.” At schools across the country, more children are taking part in mandatory “active-shooter drills.” Forgoing any pretense of a bear, sometimes a faculty member plays the role of a shooter, jiggling doorknobs as children practice keeping perfectly silent. Many parents, teachers, and students say that the experience is somewhere between upsetting and traumatizing.
BLIND SPOT: Deafness, Awareness and Fairness How aware are you of deafness? Not all persons with hearing impairment are totally deaf. Not all persons with hearing impairment can not speak. Not all persons with hearing impairment use sign language. Not all persons with hearing impairment lipread. Increasing the sound volume would not make a person with hearing impairment hear sound better. Persons with hearing impairment still appreciate music. Hearing aids and cochlear implants do not restore hearing to normal state. Persons with hearing impairment do not have intellectual limitations. (,, As with other disabling conditions, hearing impairment is a spectrum; which means a person with hearing impairment could have profound to mild hearing impairment, depending on the personal level of hearing loss; which further means you hearing people should take extra precaution in assuming that when you’re talking about a person with hearing impairment in close proximity, he/she totally couldn’t hear you. For all you know, that same person could be getting some sense of what you’re blabbering about by lip reading. In fact, included in this sector are persons who are considered “hard of hearing” who may have considerably less hearing loss. Some persons with hearing impairment still manage to articulate oral communication. Yes, even without hearing the sounds as clearly as you do. Persons with hearing impairment are not born with the ability to communicate with sign language; which means some of them may not converse with it or much of it. Sign language may come in the forms of American Sign Language or Filipino Sign Language (which is entangled with their own issues); but either way, this form of communication does not follow the same rudiments of conventional oral and written language, so don’t you be all laughing your feet up when you receive a text message from a person with hearing impairment which you think is in “wrong grammar”. He/she’s using a different language; and he/she’s not the one displaying ignorance. And don’t bother shouting or raising your voice in the disillusioned intentions that you could be understood better; just play it cool and interact as you would with a hearing person. Why are we talking about this anyway? Deaf Awareness Week is from November 10 to 16 as per Proclamation No. 829 declaring the said period of every year as Deafness Awareness Week, as signed by former President Corazon Aquino in 1991, recognizing the deaf, as “a vital segment of our society” who “can be transformed into a significant force in the efforts for national development”; and nothing much said more than that. In an exchange of text messages with the Camarines Sur National High School SPED coordinator, I remember him sending a message that goes, “interpreter badly needed”, referring to the alarming lack of sign language interpreters in high school classrooms in which students with hearing impairment are included. A sign language interpreter would jump from classroom to classroom to accommodate all students with hearing impairment; and that leaves a lengthy time for one non-hearing student without an interpreter in class. Perhaps, a solution would be for regular teachers to receive training in sign language. . And shall we talk about bullying? It is one thing to have limited auditory faculties, or have normal hearing and suffer from diminished awareness. It is another thing to evade hearing, and ignore awareness. Heads of Southeast Asian nations with the special participation of the European Council, South Korean and United States Presidents, the Australian, Canadian, Indian, Japanese , New Zealand and Russian Prime Ministers, and the Chinese Premier are all causing traffic blockades and re-routing and non-working holidays in MetroManila. (Whoa! An all-star cast) However, there are certain elephants in the room which seem to be relegated to the level of “unheard of” or “unaware of”. The players seem to simply wear deaf ears on the issue of South China Sea territorial disputes which in case you’re not aware of, bothers not just the Philippines, but also Vietnam and Japan. How could anyone even whisper about that with big guy China around? The participants seem to play “unaware” of the overwhelming issues on local human rights violations and our very own President’s tasteless and undiplomatic interactions with the United States, the European Union, and the United Nations. Rohinja Muslims are being systematically forced out of Myanmar and Bangladesh understandably reluctant in accepting them. It’s already escalating into a genocide there; and we’re not talking about that. And how is President Donald Trump going to promote his America First policies in our own neighborhood? His discrimination bordering populism must make any non-American uneasy. So would considerably Muslim Southeast Asia just play mum in his anti-Islamic rhetoric? Oh, Life is a circus, Charlie Brown. “But Jesus, aware of this, withdrew from there. Many followed Him, and He healed them all,” Matthew 12:15
Antique Barometers Barometers still hold their appeal In the past barometers were used to forecast the weather. Not a particularly long range forecast, but reasonably accurate for the next few hours. In today’s world these barometers have gained a great antique value and have become prized collectibles. An interesting thing about these barometers is that they were usually in tune with the prevalent furniture styles and thus complemented the furniture really well. So today when they are used as decorative antiques they will match in with furniture of that same generation. Barometers were available in different forms. The varieties included the stick barometers, wheel barometers, clock barometers and aneroid barometers. Stick Barometers: Stick barometers were one of the very first and were widely used as tools of discovery. The barometers were of the stick type right till the end of the 18th Century. Since the barometers more or less reflected the furniture styles of the time Walnut was replaced by mahogany somewhere in the middle of the 17th century. The Stick Barometers have seen a vast transition in styles as the 19th century progressed. A facelift was seen in the register plates, lettering became a lot more ornate etc. Wheel Barometers: The wheel barometers were immensely popular during the 18th and the 19th century. These were also known as the Banjo barometers. Some of these barometers possessed appealing decorative inlays and had engraved dials that were very artistic. There was a considerable increase in demand of the barometers in the first half of the 19th century and due to this rising need after years of creativity and individuality an increase in the simple stereotype Sheraton style was seen widely. Aneroid Barometers: The Aneroid barometers were introduced by Lucien Vidie and were usually in smaller cases. The aneroid barometers which literally means without liquid became the favoured choice as against the traditional Mercury ones. The advantage of the aneroid barometer over the mercury ones is they can be miniaturised. With mercury barometers the case must be big enough to accommodate a tube at least 31” long. Aneroid barometers can be pocket sized or large and ornate ones. Barometers come in an amazing variety and include ship’s barometers, fireman’s clock barometers, barographs, Admiral Fitzroy barometers, stick barometers and banjo barometers. For a collector this opens up the opportunity to specialise in a favourite variety and enormous pleasure can be gained in seeking out the rare and unusual.
[ uh-dopt ] / əˈdɒpt / See synonyms for: adopt / adopted on verb (used with object) verb (used without object) to take a nonbiological child into one’s home and raise as one’s own. to acquire a pet, especially one from an animal rescue organization: “Adopt! Don’t shop!” is the popular slogan promoted by one nonprofit animal advocacy group. Verb Phrases adopt out, to place in a home by means of adoption: The shelter provides basic medical care and vaccinations to the animals they will be adopting out. Question 1 of 13 How do you say “cat” 🐈 in Spanish? Origin of adopt First recorded 1490–1500; late Middle English adopten, partly from Middle French adopter, partly from Latin adoptāre, equivalent to ad- verb prefix + optāre “to desire, pray for”; see ad-, opt 1. adapt, adept, adopt 2. adopted , adoptive Unabridged Based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2021 What does adopt mean? To adopt is to take another parent’s child into one’s custody, typically in a formal legal way, in order to permanently act as their parent or guardian. This most commonly involves an adult couple or a single adult adopting and raising a child who is no longer in the custody of either of their birth parents (biological parents), such as in cases where they have died or are otherwise unable to care for the child. This sense of adopt can also be used in reference to adopting an animal as a pet, such as from an animal shelter. The word is especially used this way when the animal had a previous caretaker. Adopt and the noun form adoption have many other more general meanings. Most generally, adopt means to choose or take as one’s own. It can also mean to accept something or vote to approve it. In all cases, adoption is the act or process of adopting, or the state of having adopted. To adopt a tradition or religion is to make it one’s own. To adopt a plan is to approve it and act according to its steps. Similarly, to adopt a law is to formally vote to approve it and take steps to follow and enforce it. Example: We’ve found an agency that will help us to adopt. Where does adopt come from? The first records of the word adopt come from the 1300s. It comes from the Latin verb adoptāre, meaning “to choose for oneself,” from optāre, “to choose.” Adoption of children is often pursued by people who are unable or who choose not to have biological children, but it can also involve families with their own children adopting other children into the family. A child can also be adopted by a relative, such as an aunt, uncle, or grandparent. The adjective adoptive can mean “involving adoption” or “related by adoption,” as in my adoptive family. A person who has been adopted can be referred to as an adoptee. More commonly, such a person may identify as adopted, as in I’m adopted, but I’ve met my birth mother and keep in touch with her. Did you know ... ? What are some other forms related to adopt? What are some synonyms for adopt? What are some words that share a root or word element with adopt What are some words that often get used in discussing adopt? How is adopt used in real life? Adopt is commonly used in the context of the adoption of children as well as in its general senses. Try using adopt! Is adopt used correctly in the following sentence? We plan to adopt the new plan next quarter. Example sentences from the Web for adopt British Dictionary definitions for adopt / (əˈdɒpt) / verb (tr) law to bring (a person) into a specific relationship, esp to take (another's child) as one's own child to choose and follow (a plan, technique, etc) to take over (an idea, etc) as if it were one's own to take on; assumeto adopt a title to accept (a report, etc) Derived forms of adopt adoptee, nounadopter, nounadoption, noun Word Origin for adopt C16: from Latin adoptāre to choose for oneself, from optāre to choose
Top Arrow Search Icon Since strabismus has many causes, treatment changes from person to person. Strabismus is an eye disorder which can be treated at any age. Treatment with Glasses Some types of strabismus develop due to a refractive error. Strabismus is corrected when the patient starts wearing glasses. The use of glasses is sufficient in these types of strabismus. Treatment with Patching This treatment method can be used if the patient has lazy eye. Orthoptic treatment Orthoptic treatment Orthoptic treatments involve physical therapy for eye muscles. They are used to strengthen some muscles and enhance binocular vision. Enhancing binocular vision fixes or recovers depth perception. This function of the eyes ensures that eyes are aligned and has a very important role in our daily life. For instance, it helps us be more comfortable and successful while driving or in sports that require distance and time management, such as basketball and tennis. Surgical intervention Congenital strabismus often doesn't require the wearing of glasses and should be operated at an early stage (6 months - 1 year of age). The majority of strabismus cases appear at around 2-3 years and are usually completely corrected by glasses. Surgical treatment is required for strabismus which doesn't improve with glasses. Strabismus surgeries are mostly performed under general anesthesia. Anesthesia is given by doctors specialized in pediatric anesthesia. Lazy eye can be prevented and 3-dimensional vision can be achieved with early diagnosis and treatment in strabismus. Therefore, a child with suspected strabismus should be taken to an ophthalmologist specialized in strabismus before waiting for him/her to reach a certain age. Botulinum Toxin (BOTOX) can be used for the treatment of strabismus in some cases. Botox is effective and can be used for treatment purposes in palsy-related strabismus, in patients who have undergone surgery but could not achieve total recovery and in patients whose eyes are misaligned due to thyroid eye disease. Double vision often accompanies strabismus which develops suddenly due to palsy and it is a very difficult condition for the patient. In this kind of strabismus, the general tendency is to wait for 6-8 months but Botox can be used to improve double vision during this waiting period. Complete recovery is possible if treatment is started immediately after strabismus develops. • NEWS • 0 • 80 • 20 Left Arrow Right Arrow
10 Tricks for Teaching Multiplication Strategies! Not all kids can learn enlargement real factors using reiteration maintenance. Luckily, there are 10 duplication deceives and tricks to prepare kids to increment and various augmentation games to help. Does that answer the problem of 10 best tricks for teaching multiplication strategies? The examination has exhibited that reiteration recognition doesn’t assist kids with getting acquainted with the relationship between numbers or grasp the rules of augmentation. 10 Best Tricks for Teaching Multiplication Strategies! In view of math, or finding ways to deal with help kids with doing math works out, taking everything into account, is more convincing than just indicating the real factors. Talk about Multiplication! Using things like squares and little toys can empower your child to see that duplication is a way to deal with incorporate more than one social affair of a comparable number over and over. For example, make the issue 6 x 3 on a touch of paper, and a while later solicitation that your child makes six social affairs of three frustrates each. They will then observe what the issue is mentioning that we set up six social affairs of three. Practice sets real factors “Copies” is for all intents and purposes strange in itself. At the point when your child knows the answers for their “copies” alternative real factors (adding a number to itself) she supernaturally understands the on numerous occasions’ table too. Essentially exhort them that any number expanded by two is basically proportional to adding that number to itself—the issue is requesting what sum are two social occasions from that number. Skip-counting to five! Your child may understand how to check by fives. What they can make certain of is that by tallying by five, they’re relating them on various occasions’ table. Display that on the off chance that they use their fingers to screen how frequently they’ve”checked” by five, they can find the reaction to any fives issue. For instance, in the event that they’ve tallied by five up to twenty, They’ll have four fingers held up. That is proportionate to 5 x 4! Charmed Multiplication Tricks There are various ways to deal with discovering arrangements that aren’t as easy to see through. At the point when your child acknowledges how to do the tricks, They’ll have the alternative to floor their mates and educators with their duplication capacity. Magically Multiplying Zero Help your child work out on numerous occasions’ table and a short time later ask with respect to whether they see an example. What they should have the alternative to see is that when expanded by the number 10, a number looks like itself with a zero on the end. Give them a calculator to offer it a chance using immense numbers. They’ll see that each time they copy by 10, that zero “supernaturally” appears at long last. Expanding by zero doesn’t have all the earmarks of being such strange. It’s hard for kids to fathom that when you copy a number by zero the proper reaction is zero, not the number you started with. Help your kid grasp that the request genuinely is “The thing that sum is zero social occasions of something?” and they’ll comprehend the proper reaction is “Nothing.” They’ll see how the other number disappeared. Seeing Things The charm of the on different occasions tables just works with single digits, in any case, that is okay. Show your child how expanding by 11 reliably makes you see the twofold of the number they’re copying. For instance, 11 x 8 = 88 and 11 x 6 = 66. Duplicating Down At the point when your child has comprehended the key to their twos table, by then they’ll have the alternative to make stunts with fours. Reveal to them the most ideal approach to overlay a touch of paper into two halves the long way and spread out it to make two portions. Multiplication, that they stay in contact with their twos tables in a solitary section and the fours table in the accompanying portion. The charm that they should see is that the proper reactions are the duplicates increased. That is, in case 3 x 2 = 6 (the twofold), by then 3 x 4 = 12. The twofold is increased! Charm Fives This trick is to some degree odd, anyway essentially in light of the fact that it just works with odd numbers. Record the fives duplication real factors that use an odd number and watch as your child finds the supernatural eccentricity. They may see that on the off chance that they deduct one from the multiplier, “cuts” it into two halves and puts a five after it, that is the reaction to the issue. Not following? See it like this: 5 x 7 = 35, which is 7 short 1 (6), chop down the center (3) with a 5 on the end (35). Fundamentally More Magic Fives There’s another technique to make the five tables appear on the off chance that you would lean toward not using skip-checking. Record all the fives real factors that incorporate even numbers, and quest for a model. What should appear before your eyes are that each answer is only half of the number your adolescent is copying by five, with a zero on the end. Not a disciple? Take a gander at these models: 5 x 4 = 20, and 5 x 10 = 50. Extraordinary Finger Math Finally, the most strange trick of all—your child just needs their hands to get comfortable with the events’ tables. A solicitation that them to put their hands faces down before they explain that the fingers on the left hand address the numbers 1 through 5. The fingers on the right hand address the numbers 6 through 10. Furthermore, for the essential trick, demand that they wrinkle down the pointer on their left hand, or finger number 4. Exhort them that 9 x 4 = 36, and a short time later have them look at their hands. Aside from their bowed finger, there are 3 fingers. To the benefit are their remaining 6 fingers. The charm to this trick is that the number given to the finger that they cover down x 9 is proportional to the number of fingers aside of the bowed finger (during the tens spot) and the fingers aside (in the one’s place.) Surveying the reactions to duplication truths is a key capacity your kid should expert to continue forward to more befuddled kinds of math. That is the explanation schools contribute so much vitality endeavoring to guarantee that kids can pull up the proper reactions as quickly as could sensibly be normal. Here are the 10 best tricks on teaching multiplication strategies! A little gift to help you with teaching multiplication strategies! Available for free on IOS and Android! Recommended by Age Group 1 - 2 Years Colorful ABC - Flashcards 123 For Kids - Numbers Flashcards Shapes For Kids - Basic Shapes Flashcards 2 - 3 Years A For Apple - Alphabet Flashcards for Montessori Kids Alphabets Vocabulary Book for Kids Kindergarten Alphabet Recognition Activity Book Kindergarten Activity Book for learning Numbers & Counting for kids 3 - 6 Years (Kindergartener) CVC Three Letter Words - Grocery Expert for Kids – Learn Numbers & Counting Cool Math - Math Love - Words Train - Spelling Bee & Word Search Puzzle Game for kids
What are the Benefits of Frozen Embryo transfer? April 11, 2020 Benefits of Frozen Embryo transfer Author Name: Dr. Sunil Yadav \|\| Mentor Name: Dr. Shyam Gupta on April 11, 2020 Frozen Embryo Childlessness was considered a social stigma since ages. Millions of couple could see their dream come true with the introduction of in vitro fertilization in 1978 due to the commendable work of Patrick Steptoe and Edwards. Louis Brown was the first IVF baby born in 1978 and her birth paved the way for a revolution in the field of reproductive medicine and infertility. IVF involves fertilising an ovum and sperm outside the body in a laboratory , and transferring the formed embryo back into the uterus. The process of placing the embryo in the uterus is called embryo transfer. The embryo transfer can be done fresh ,that means in the same cycle of stimulating the ovaries or frozen that means in the subsequent cycle after preparing the endometrial lining. Zoe Leyland is the world’s first baby delivered from a frozen embryo transfer in 1984 in Australia. The embryo was frozen for two months, before being implanted in the woman’s uterus, where it developed normally. The technique of embryo freezing opened a horizon of possibilities in the field of ART(Assisted reproduction techniques). Benefits of the Technique: Before the advent of embryo freezing , surplus embryos had to be discarded after fresh embryo transfer. With improving technology and laboratory conditions, the embryologist became well versed with the technique of embryo freezing , extra embryos could be frozen for further use . If the first attempt resulted in a failure, the frozen embryos can be thawed and used for transfer in subsequent cycles. Also it could be used for future pregnancies in a couple who has conceived in earlier attempts and their extra embryos are freezed with the respective ivf centre. It also conferred advantage in cases where the uterus is not very receptive due to thin endometrium,and waiting for the right endometrium before transfer became possible. The risk of delayed onset ovarian hyperstimulation in PCOS patients was considerably reduced due to frozen embryo transfers. It became possible for genetic testing of embryos and transfer of a genetically normal embryo in case of parents who had some genetic disorder which could be transmitted to next generations. The longest known duration for which the frozen embryo resulted in a live birth is 22 years. Techniques of embryo freezing: There are two methods of embryo freezing. 1. Slow freezing 2. Vitrification Vitrification has become the mainstay of the embryo freezing technique as there is less damage to DNA as the formation of ice crystals in the intracellular and extracellular space is less leading to increased survival rate of embryos after thawing compared to the technique of slow freezing. Studies have also shown that the success rate of IVF is considerably higher in frozen embryo transer. Also there were lesser chances of low birth weight and preterm babies after frozen transfers. But inspite of this, more clinical trials are needed before using frozen embryo transfers in all the patients as a standard norm. To summarize, frozen embryo transfer if used wisely and selectively will definitely help in achieving better ivf success rates. Call now +91-7665009014 Comments are closed. Request Call Back Call Back IVF telephone Book An Appointment
Master Your Thoughts Mary had a little _______. I’m betting you said “lamb” there, didn’t you? And why not, it would make perfect sense if you did. Your brain used what it knows and made an assumption to fill in the gaps. This is a perfect example of how your brain works all day long. There is too much information in our environment for the brain to sift through. So instead, it takes bits and pieces of information and makes assumptions, places it into categories or heuristics, and creates narratives to make sense of it all. That is why we make stereotypes, it is why we love to put things into labels and categorize things and is why we have schemas to explain the world around us. Much of the time these cognitive shortcuts are helpful, for instance, tehy aollw us to udnresatnd tihs snecante whituot mcuh dififctuly. However, these shortcuts also lead us to think in some ways that can negatively impact performance. One of the fallouts of the way our brain works is that it leads to faulty internal dialogue. Our inner voice, which often runs outside of our awareness, falls victim these shortcuts, causing our thoughts to be riddled with incomplete information, biases, cognitive distortions, and assumptions. One of the ways these shortcuts impact our thinking is through organizing our thoughts and the world around us into narratives and stories. These stories are often critical and negative, especially when it is about ourselves*. These critical or negative thoughts we have about ourselves turn into stories we tell ourselves and believe to be true. To make matters worse, once we believe a certain story to be true, we then only find information in our environment to confirm that “truth”, a phenomena called confirmation bias. Now, add in the powerful emotions that our thoughts create and you have a perfect storm for turning a somewhat irrational thought into an emotion laden narrative that you are convinced to be true. So, how does this show up in sport? Maybe you are a pitcher that had a bad first inning against a rival team years ago. That memory has stuck with you and now you’ve begun to tell yourself that you aren’t very good in the first inning. As you walk to the mound you are trying to “just think positive” but that isn’t working – you can’t shake this feeling that you’re just going to screw up. You look over to your coach for reassurance and see him shaking his head. You think to yourself “great, my coach doesn’t even believe in me” (confirmation bias). Now, your confidence is rattled, you're frustrated and nervous, you’ve got a battle going on in your mind trying to stay positive, and you’ve become acutely aware that your three warm-up pitches have all been balls. All of this started because you have a thought, a story that runs in your head, that you believe to be true. Dr. Susan David, author of the book Emotional Agility, calls this being “hooked”. You are hooked on a thought about yourself that impacts you in a negative way. So, how do we become “unhooked” by this series of faulty thinking? Dr. David outlines her method in her book, which I have consolidated below. 1. Accept Don’t shy away from your negative thinking. Don’t try to ignore it and “just think positively”. This will just create more tension. Accept your thoughts, acknowledge their existence, and face it head on. 2. Remember Remember that your thoughts are not facts. Now that you know what you’re thinking, remember that just because you are thinking it doesn’t mean it is true. In fact, there is a very good chance it is down right wrong (remember all those shortcuts that lead to faulty thinking?). 3. Replace Replace your negative thoughts with: A focus on the present moment A thought you know to be true, one rooted in your values Your breathing Victor Frankl, a psychologist who survived the holocaust and documented his experience in Man’s Search for Meaning, wrote: “between stimulus and response there is a space. In that space is our power to choose our response. In our response lies our growth and our freedom”. In order to perform in accordance to your goals and values you must be able to regulate your thoughts. Being able to overcome negative thinking is no easy task; it requires self-awareness, an understanding of your core values, and mental skills. If you want to learn more about how to overcome your negative thoughts and learn how to use your mind to your advantage, give me a shout. Let’s get to work. 5 views0 comments Free 30 Min Consult Schedule your free 30-minute consult and let's see if we'd work well together. • Facebook • Twitter • Instagram • LinkedIn Dallas, TX + Virtual © Mental Coach Morgan, LLC
• Natalie Gibson Is your Iron Deficiency due to your Digestive Health? Low iron makes you feel pretty ordinary: it causes symptoms of fatigue, lack of energy, pale skin, chest pain, shortness of breath, headaches, dizziness, cold hands and feet, brittle nails and generally leaves you feeling pretty blah! When it comes to insufficient iron in the body, most people only worry about re-establishing your iron stores, however from a naturopathic perspective we want to investigate why this is happening. It's important to establish why as it may be due to a more sinister cause or simple diet and lifestyle changes; it may be an indication of other potential nutritional deficiencies and may prevent your iron from becoming low again in the future. What causes low iron in the body? - a diet lacking in iron - heavy menstrual bleeding in women (which is not normal by the way!) - an inability to absorb iron - pregnancy - iron stores are needed to serve your own increased blood volume as well as be a source of haemoglobin for the growing foetus. All of these causes need to be addressed to prevent reoccurrence and to avoid iron deficiency and other nutritional deficiencies. All of these apart from pregnancy have a digestive system focus, however we are going to focus on the inability to absorb iron as this one is less focused on. An inability to absorb iron Iron from the food we eat is absorbed into our bloodstream in the small intestine. There are a few reasons why iron is not able to be absorbed: Coeliac Disease. Coeliac disease which is well known as the autoimmune intolerance of gluten based products, also has effects within the intestinal lining and can have such a strong effect that it can impact iron and other nutrients absorption. Infections of the digestive tract. Any infection, including bacteria, viruses, worms, parasites etc. within the small intestine can cause impaired function. Inflammation produced by our own immune system, limits the spread of the infection but can also impair our absorption. Also the foreign intruder itself may cause damage to the intestinal lining in its attempt to stay in the intestines. Digestive inflammation. Any inflammation within the small intestine is enough to impair the ability of iron (and other nutrients to be absorbed). Inflammation causes redness, heat, swelling, pain and a loss of function in that area of the body. The loss of function within the small intestine impacts the absorption of nutrients within the intestines. Inflammation may be linked to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), inflammatory bowel syndrome (IBS), immune dysregulation or an infection within the digestive tract. How to increase absorption of iron through the small intestine: - address inflammation: seek assistance but a great start is to avoid processed foods and focus on whole foods - fruit and vegetables, legumes and pulses, nuts and seeds and animal meat if consuming - increase iron rich foods if not eating enough: animal meats, dried apricots, lentils, quinoa, tofu - when consuming iron rich foods, add a source of vitamin C at the same time: lemon juice, orange, kiwi fruit or strawberries - avoid tea and coffee within 2 hours of consuming iron rich food as these can block absorption - eat mindfully - slow down eating, avoid working or watching screens whilst eating and focus on chewing up to 15 times per mouthful - address digestive symptoms which could be caused by inflammation or infection - get tested for Coeliac disease. Not eating gluten is not enough, testing needs to be undertaken to assess the level of damage Iron deficiency is a common problem but it doesn't have to be! If you want to address the causes of your low iron levels, a tailored plan with diet tweaks, lifestyle and herbs can make a world of difference. To book an appointment, click here. 21 views0 comments Book your next appointment and enjoy the convenience of naturopathy services at home or work across Melbourne and the Mornington Peninsula. • Black Facebook Icon © 2017 Design by 6am Creative
Tim Bowen isn’t beating around the bush in this instalment of Your English. We say you can’t beat it! ‘It’s time that politicians stop beating about the bush and start to find some real solutions to this crisis.’ If someone beats about the bush, they spend a lot of time talking about something but avoid getting to the main point or finding a solution, often because it is embarrassing for them. If people beat a path to someone’s door, they go to their house or their place of work in large numbers, as in ‘She must be sick and tired of all these journalists beating a path to her door’. To beat someone to it means to do something before someone else, as in ‘When I went to take the keys I found that someone had beaten me to it’. The expression It beats me can be used to emphasize that you don’t know something or you don’t understand something, ‘Why did he do such a stupid thing?’ ‘It beats me’. In a situation where you have tried doing something different from a lot of other people but have failed, so you decide to start doing what they do, you can say If you can’t beat ’em, join ’em (note that the full form them doesn’t work in this expression), as in ‘They’ve always resisted online sales but with profits falling they’ve finally decided that if you can’t beat ’em, join ’em’. To show that something is particularly good, the expression You can’t beat it can be used, as in ‘After a hard day’s work you can’t beat a cup of cocoa and a good book’.
About the Show In 1969 off the California coast, a US Navy crane carefully lowered a massive tubular structure into the waters. It was designed for an elite group of divers to spend days or even months at a stretch living and working on the ocean floor. Sealab tells the little-known story of the daring program that tested the limits of human endurance and revolutionised undersea exploration.
Relationship Between Transgender People Home Blogs > Love & Support Sep 23 '20 \| By Serenity \| Views: 164 \| Comments: 0 Relationship Between Transgender People Relationship partners of transgender-identified individuals have distinctive couple-related experiences that are important to understanding. The “Organizational Diversity” field concentrates studies on the experiences of groups that are different from the archetypal male, white, heterosexual, cisgender, able-bodied and western worker. When analyzing the studies regarding gender relations, however, one perceives their concentration on the dynamics between men and women localized in developed western countries. Transgender persons are persons whose identity and/or gender expression differs from what is socially attributed to their bodies, breaking with the heteronormative logic. In Brazil, where only the bodies within this discourse are legitimate, this group is systematically excluded from a myriad of spaces including the formal job market. Therefore, the experiences of these people at and with work are invisible to organizational diversity's theory and practice. To explore this issue, this study analyses the perceptions that the transgender person maintains about their relations: 1. With their professional history 2. With other people in their work environment 3. With organizational policies and practices. Face-to-face semi-structured interviews were made with six transgender persons that work in organizations. From these narratives, it was found that the person's level of passing usually influences their relations and that the ignorance regarding transgender permeates all three domains of relations. The Conclusions are: 1. The relations with work are marked by opportunity restrictions 2. The relations in the job hold the person responsible for their own intelligibility and safety 3. The relations with the organization vary according to the way it faces transgenderism and its own voice systems. Transgenders are “people whose gender identity is different from their assigned gender at birth”. Individuals who identify themselves as transgender usually seek gender reassignment treatments, which may or may not include gender reassignment surgery. Transgender women (or trans women) are people whose body is read as male and whose gender identity is a woman. They usually go through treatments to acquire characteristics typical of the female gender and adopt names, clothes, and mannerisms seen as female. A transgender man (or trans man), in turn, is one whose body is read as female and whose gender identity is a man. They seek to acquire characteristics that are typical of the male gender and use names, clothes, and mannerisms seen as male. When considering their choice of work and hiring and admission processes, the word employed most often by respondents is if they are passable, the degree to which others take a transgender person as cisgender. In practice, the higher a transgender person is passable, the less likely they are to suffer transphobia: if one's gender expression allows them to be seen by others as cisgender, they will not be subject to the prejudice and discrimination aimed at transgender people, increasing their chances of entering and remaining in the formal labor market. Two aspects affect them being passable: one's name and one's appearance. The ignorance regarding transgender people not only permeates the relations transgender people keep with others in their work environment, but also with the organization itself. The result is that trans phobia creates and maintains difficulties for transgender people in entering and remaining in the formal labor market. No comments You need to sign in to comment
Why Homeschool? Home >> Education Importance >> Tennessee >> Mason Literacy Dictionary Definition Personal literacies are the reading and writing practices people have interaction in throughout activities of their own alternative and for personal satisfaction or to fulfill private targets. Examples may embrace documenting your day by day food consumption with a smartphone app, preserving a journal, creating a weight-training plan and tracking your performance, or writing and playing music. They are instrumental to how we study and to our success in formal education. These personal literacies are intently tied to our growth of educational literate practices that help us study in formal school settings. A studying problem that impacts onspelling, reading and writing ability, dyslexia can come inmany types. 7 Effective Teaching Strategies For The Classroom However, there will all the time stay some similarities throughout all teaching roles. Teachers typically have their own school rooms that they are able to arrange and beautify to their very own tastes, related to the subject material and stage at which they educate. Depending on the topic they train and the grade level, teachers instruct students in accordance with a curriculum that includes benchmarks and review processes. They plan, develop, write, and implement programs within the classroom consistent with school district and state schooling requirements, keeping information of pupil achievement and monitoring their abilities. Campus Life “High Point University is committed to making a nurturing relationship with all residents. The Office of Student Life strives to enhance both educational achievements in addition to the private development and development of all university college students. We need to facilitate the acquisition and improvement of life expertise in addition to servant management. Our responsibility is to help put together students with the data of how to live with their fullest potential in mind.” Gail C. Tuttle, Senior Vice President for Student Life. We encourage our DU group members, including school, employees, students, alumni, pals, parents, and households to recognize one another for small and enormous accomplishments. What Is The Difference Between Online And Blended Learning? An particular person semester of blended studying may emphasize classroom time to start with, then steadily increase the amount of labor that students do on-line or during impartial study. Many argue that class dialogue boards, for example, are much more useful if the participants have met face-to-face first. Blended learningis a term increasingly used to explain the waye-learningis being combined with traditional classroom strategies and independent examine to create a new,hybrid teachingmethodology. It represents a much greater change in primary approach than simply adding computer systems to lecture rooms; it represents, in many cases, a basic change in the way in which academics and college students method the learning expertise. The 50 Best Boarding Schools In The U S. Both boarding schools and private schools do typically provide scholarships for presented college students who cannot afford the tuition. The major distinction between boarding college and private college is the place the students stay through the school 12 months. At boarding school, the students reside in dormitories on campus, sometimes with academics as dorm monitors. At regular personal colleges, students generally stay in their own homes and commute to campus every day. Career Coaching Vs Counseling A profession counselor is a professional who helps clients to plan their careers and obtain their employment goals. Career counselors and coaches work with clients to show them strategies for the way to discover new or completely different employment successfully. Career counselors are employed by state departments of labor, group agencies, school methods, two and four-year college career workplaces, and personal counseling companies. Career coaching is analogous in nature to career counseling. Just What Is A Charter School, Anyway? The cyber schools educate students from kindergarten to twelfth grade, and the setting varies from being totally on-line in a single's home to spending all the class time in a proper school building whereas learning over the Internet. As of 2005 there were nearly a hundred constitution colleges in North Carolina, the limit handed by legislation in 1996. Adapted Physical Education Teacher Salary The T is for track , the 3 represents a cerebral palsy classification and the 7 specifies an athlete with weak spot/spasticity on one facet of the body. The use of an in depth classification system primarily based on kind of disability allows for a extra fair competition. For events such as the National Junior Disability Championships , qualifying standards are based mostly on age and incapacity classification. On Grouping Gifted Students The researchers chosen at random an equal proportion of students with excessive, middle and low grades for every gender-ethnicity combination so that there were no ethnic variations in school grades for their sample. They then in contrast the students' college records to their present placement in highschool math and science courses. Jeannie Oakes of the University of California-Los Angeles concluded that "the monitoring system is more a product of inertia in a school system than of the skills of scholars" within the faculties she studied, Dornbusch stated. Our outcomes may have implications for debates over school alternative and voucher systems. A common criticism of such applications is that they might hurt some students if they lead to increased sorting of students by initial achievement and if all students profit from having peers with larger initial achievement. Busser Resume Examples Unitary Status meant that a college district had efficiently eradicated segregation in twin faculty methods and thus was now not bound to courtroom-ordered desegregation policies. With waning public support, the courts began relaxing judicial supervision of school districts during the Nineties and 2000s, calling for voluntary efforts to attain racial balance. Today, many school districts throughout the country remain largely segregated. According to a 2019 report by the nonprofit, EdBuild, more than half of U.S. children attend faculties in districts the place the coed population is both greater than 75 % white or greater than seventy five percent nonwhite. 7 Unique Flipped Classroom Examples In 2004, Khan started recording videos on the request of a younger cousin he was tutoring because she felt that recorded lessons would let her skip segments she had mastered and replay elements that have been troubling her. For some, Khan Academy has turn out to be synonymous with the flipped classroom; however, these movies are only one form of the flipped classroom strategy. A trainer's interaction with students in a flipped classroom could be more personalized and fewer didactic, and college students are actively involved in data acquisition and development as they participate in and consider their learning. Most of us grew up in lecture rooms the place the trainer would lecture a few subject and college students did most of their schoolwork at residence. Why Are Learning Styles Important? How Students Learn Differently Be affected person, however consistent, in helping your baby organize his college supplies and assignments. This will help him feel in control, much less overwhelmed and more motivated to study. Are Online Degrees As Respected As Traditional Degrees? A program of a public institution of higher education that gives secondary college stage courses, and is created completely for the purpose of serving students on-line. Use the NCAA High School Portal to determine whether a selected course offered by a particular provider is NCAA approved. Provide on-line studying choices to permit students to acquire the information and expertise abilities necessary in a digital world. The nicely-recognized instructional theorist John Dewey argued that studying happens in collaboration with knowledgeable others. Similarly, psychologist Jean Piaget famous that in order for learning to occur, the content have to be significant to the student. What Does The National Education Association Do? The NEA has slightly below 2.three million members and is headquartered in Washington, D.C. The NEA had a finances of greater than $341 million for the 2012–2013 fiscal yr. Lily Eskelsen García is the NEA's current president. It’s a time for children to be taught social and psychological abilities that shall be crucial for their growth and success in the future. Education at childhood also offers a chance for self-discovery and to find out about their distinctive interests. Nowadays, many individuals say that education and wealth are closely linked. Education doesn't merely imply a good diploma of some great university.
Navigation Menu Maternity Care Nutrition & Pregnancy Recommendation for weight gain Underweight women with a low weight gain during pregnancy appear to have an increased risk of having a low birth weight infant and preterm birth. On the other hand, obese women have an increased risk for having a large for gestational age infant, post term birth, and other pregnancy complications. There is an increased risk of small for gestational age births in women who gain less than the recommended weight, based on pre-pregnancy weight. Women who exceed the weight gain recommendations double their risk of having a very large infant which increases the risk for C-section and birth trauma. It may also increase the risks of childhood obesity and makes weight loss more difficult after delivery. Recommendation for weight gain during a single pregnancy are as follows: Underweight women (BMI less than 18.5): 28-40 lb Normal weight women (BMI 18.5-24.9): 25-35 lb Overweight women (BMI 25-29.9): 15-25 lb Obese women (BMI >30): 11-20 lb Healthy diet The first step toward healthy eating is to look at your daily diet. Having healthy snacks that you eat during the day is a good way to get the nutrients and extra calories that you need. Pregnant women need to eat an additional 100-300 calories per day, which is equivalent to a small snack such as half of a peanut butter and jelly sandwich and a glass of low fat milk. Key nutrients during pregnancy NutrientReason for ImportanceSources Calcium (1000 mg)Helps build strong bones and teethMilk, Cheese, Yogurt, Sardines Iron (27 mg)Helps create the red blood cells that deliver oxygen to the baby and also prevents fatigueLean Red Meat, Dried Beans and Peas, Iron-Fortified Cereals Vitamin A (770 mcg)Forms healthy skin, helps eyesight, helps with bone growthCarrots, Dark Leafy Greens, Sweet Potatoes Vitamin C (85 mg)Promotes healthy gums, teeth, and bones. Helps your body absorb iron. Oranges, Melon and Strawberries Vitamin B6Helps form red blood cells, helps body use protein, fat and carbohydratesBeef, Liver, Pork, Ham, Whole Grain Cereals, Bananas Vitamin B12 (2.6 mcg)Maintains nervous system, needed to form red blood cellsLiver, Meat, Fish, Poultry, Milk (only found in animal foods, vegetarians should take a supplement) Folate (600 mcg)Needed to produce blood and protein, helps some enzymesGreen Leafy Vegetables, Liver, Orange Juice, Legumes and Nuts Previous Section « Safe Medications \| Next Section » Foods to Avoid in Pregnancy Translate »
Graphic violence From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to navigation Jump to search Graphic violence refers to depiction of especially vivid, brutal and realistic acts of violence in visual media such as film, television, and video games. It may be real, simulated live action, or animated. The "graphic" in graphic violence is a synonym for "explicit", referring to the clear and unabashed nature of the violence portrayed. Graphic violence generally consists of any clear and uncensored depiction of various violent acts. Commonly included depictions include murder, assault with a deadly weapon, accidents which result in death or severe injury, suicide, and torture. In all cases, it is the explicitness of the violence and the injury inflicted which results in it being labeled "graphic". In fictional depictions, appropriately realistic plot elements are usually included to heighten the sense of realism (i.e. blood effects, prop weapons, CGI). In order to qualify for the "graphic" designation, the violence depicted must generally be of a particularly unmitigated and unshielded nature; an example would be a video of a man being shot, bleeding from the wound, and crumpling to the ground. Graphic violence arouses strong emotions, ranging from titillation and excitement to utter revulsion and even terror, depending on the mindset of the viewer and the method in which it is presented. A certain degree of graphic violence has become de rigueur in adult "action" genre, and it is presented in an amount and manner carefully deliberated to excite the emotions of the target demographic without inducing disgust or revulsion. Even more extreme and grotesque acts of graphic violence (generally revolving around mutilation) are often used in the horror genre in order to inspire even stronger emotions of fear and shock (which the viewing demographic would presumably be seeking). It is a highly controversial topic. Many believe that exposure to graphic violence leads to desensitization to committing acts of violence in person. It has led to censorship in extreme cases, and regulation in others. One notable case was the creation of the US Entertainment Software Rating Board in 1994. Many nations now require varying degrees of approval from television, movie, and software rating boards before a work can be released to the public. On the other hand, some critics claim that watching violent media content can be cathartic, providing "acceptable outlets for anti-social impulses."[1] Graphic violence is used frequently in horror, action, and crime films. Several of these films were banned from certain countries for their violence. The snuff film takes horror to its furthest extreme as torture and murder are not simulated. Violence in films is not an old topic, recently a study presented in an annual American Academy of Pediatrics conference showed that the "good guys" in superhero movies were on average more violent than the villains, potentially sending a strongly negative message to young viewers.[2] News media[edit] News media on television and online video frequently cover violent acts. The coverage may be preceded with a warning, stating that the footage may be disturbing to some viewers. Sometimes graphic images are censored, by blurring or blocking a portion of the image, cutting the violent portions out of an image sequence or by removing certain portions of film footage from viewing. Music videos[edit] Graphic and gory violence has started appearing in music videos in recent times, an example being the controversial music video for the song "Rock DJ" by British rock vocalist Robbie Williams, which features self-mutilation. Another example of a music video containing strong violence is the music video for the song "Hurricane" by American rock band Thirty Seconds to Mars and "Happiness in Slavery" by American industrial rock group Nine Inch Nails. The music video for "Forced Gender Reassignment" by American deathgrind band Cattle Decapitation displays such intense graphic violence that it is not hosted by many popular video hosting sites like YouTube and Dailymotion and is only hosted by Bloody Disgusting. Video games[edit] Violent content has been a central part of video game controversy. Because violence in video games is interactive and not passive, critics such as Dave Grossman and Jack Thompson argue that violence in games hardens children to unethical acts, calling first-person shooter games "murder simulators", although no conclusive evidence has supported this belief. An example is the display of "gibs" (short for giblets[3]), little bits or giant chunks of internal organs, flesh, and bone, when a character is killed.[4] On the internet, several sites dedicated to recordings of real graphic violence, referred to as "gore", exist, such as and[5][6] Furthermore, many content-aggregator sites such as Reddit or imageboards and 4chan[citation needed] have their own subsites which are dedicated to or allow that kind of content. Some of those sites also require that gore material to be marked as it, often by the internet slang "NSFL" (shorthand for "not safe for life"). This kind of media might depict reality footage of war, car crashes and other accidents, decapitations, suicide, terrorism, murder, or executions. See also[edit] 2. ^ [1] 3. ^ Mahood, Andy, Modify - Issue 12: Half-Life 2 on Steroids (PC) GameSpy, Jan. 26, 2006, Retrieved on Feb 27 2008 4. ^ Reply to Letter to the Editor, IGN, Jul 28, 1999, Retrieved Feb 27 2008 5. ^ Minsky, Amy (16 October 2014). "Luka Magnotta's gore video: Why is the court seeing it?". Retrieved 28 March 2015. 6. ^ Shivji, Salimah (16 October 2014). "Luka Magnotta trial: Jury watches 'infamous' video". Retrieved 28 March 2015.
First Observation of Hawking Radiation At Technology Review’s arXiv blog, referencing Hawking radiation from ultrashort laser pulse filaments This is a major discovery, if the results are confirmed. The key point: It will still be a major discovery when Hawking radiation from a black hole, as Hawking originally predicted, is actually observed. However, that is not going to happen in a terrestrial laboratory. Leave a Reply You are commenting using your account. Log Out / Change ) Google photo Twitter picture Facebook photo Connecting to %s
Healthy Living Sleep and health (2) I wrote a few days ago about the impact not getting enough sleep can have on our bodies. (See that post here.) Today, I’m going to talk about sleep needs and simple ways we might be able to improve our sleep. How much sleep do we need? The vast majority of the British population do not get enough sleep, the average is thought to be 5 or 6 hours a night. It is often low down on our list of priorities in preference of ‘getting stuff done’. However, as discussed in my last post, repeatedly doing this can be detrimental to our health. Most people need between 6 and 9 hours a night. As with everything, not everyone will fit into this bracket and there are people who can get by on a lot less and those who need a lot more. A key measure of understanding whether you are getting enough for you is whether you feel refreshed when you wake up in the morning. What could be impacting my sleep? There are many things that could be impacting sleep quality or duration. To name a few; stress, sleeping environment, dietary habits, bedtime routine, working pattern, children or snoring spouses. Some of these things are easier to change, or experiment with, than others. For example, it’s a lot easier to change something about your bedtime routine than it is to change your working pattern or child’s sleep! How can I improve my sleep? There are some simple things you can try that may help improve the quality of your sleep. • Try to go to bed and wake up at a similar time each day, yes, even weekends! • Establish a bedtime routine that is relaxing. A bath, a scented candle, soothing music, reading…whatever does it for you. • Having a bath helps some people because it causes a drop in body temperature which can help prompt sleep. • Avoid use of screens and devices in the hours before bed. If this feels unrealistic for you, sometimes turning them to greyscale or dimming the brightness can also help. • Create a relaxing environment to sleep in, ideally your bedroom should create a sense of calm, be dark and feel slightly cool at 16-18’c. • Avoid heavy meals, alcohol and nicotine 2 hours before bed. Ideally, avoid caffeinated drinks 6 hours before bed (caffeine can stay in the system for up to 12 hours!) • Give some thought as to what is keeping you awake at night. Sometimes stress and worry can make it difficult to sleep. If you feel this might relate to you, have a chat to your GP as there are some techniques and therapies that can help. It can be easy to focus on diet and exercise when we want to become more healthy. However, health is complex and our sleeping patterns are an essential component of feeling well. Where can I find more information? If you find that you are really tired, and struggle to stay awake during the day, it is worth talking things through with your GP, as there may be something else going on which could be treated. Leave a Reply You are commenting using your account. Log Out / Change ) Google photo Twitter picture Facebook photo Connecting to %s
Lest We Remember traces the history of how Australia was drawn into wars by the British and the Americans, and looks at how poorly the strategies had been thought out and how poorly the troops themselves have been treated. The hype and hoopla of the centenary of the end of the First World War will be used by the arms manufacturers and the politicians to cover the folly and indeed to perpetuate it. My grandfather was wounded at Passchendaele. My grandmother was the Army nurse who looked after him in hospital. He was one a five brothers all of whom went to the war. Three came back, one a respiratory invalid from chlorine gas. He did not speak much about the war and rarely went to any of the commemorations. He had a lot of medals in the drawer when he died. I pressed him once on what it was like and he said cryptically, ‘You had to shoot them or they would shoot you’. He did not elaborate. Perhaps he knew that the stories about the glories were to hide the realities but he could not say so. Much is written about what it was like in the trenches, but ‘All Quiet on the Western Front’ documents it well, a German description, translated by an Australian. He describes the misery in the trenches, killing a man with his bare hands and the mental stress that would never go. The British were ill-led at Gallipoli, landing on the wrong beach. The ANZACs managed to occupy a hill that they then were ordered off and never managed to take in the next 10 months. They were ill-led in France, with an anti-Semitic prejudice and personal jealousies hindering the emergence of a more innovative Australian General, John Monash. The Battle of Passchendaele was hurried up despite the fact that neither the men nor the tanks could move in the muddy conditions because Kitchener, the British general, was in danger of being sacked and needed a battle, at whatever cost, to retain his position. Prime Minster Billy Hughes was happy for the Australian forces to be used as shock troops as it increased Australia’s prestige, ignoring the excessive casualty rate. It was not the war to end all wars and as Germany’s industrialisation continued to increase their strength. A dictator capitalized on the injustice of the peace to start again. After the blitzkrieg of Poland, Britain declared war on Germany to start the Second World War and our Prime Minister Menzies announced that ‘as a result, Australia is also at war’, following the Brits without question. Our troops went over to North Africa and when the Japanese landed in Papua the few soldiers on the Kokoda Track with uniforms coloured for the desert fought with minimal resources as the American Commander, General Douglas Macarthur, who had moved from Melbourne to Brisbane to be closer to the action did not think them very important. Vietnam showed on our TV screens what war was really like and this was blamed for the loss, but no invader who has come and gone has ever won against the people who live there. Lives were wasted; the lack of thanks and respect for the Vietnam veterans has caused immense suffering ever since. ‘If any question why we died, tell them because our fathers lied’ written in WW1 was ever true. The largest protest march since the Vietnam war with 74% of Australians opposing our entry into the Iraq war was not enough. John Howard followed the US into the war anyway, then on to Afghanistan and the deaths and refugees in their millions continue to this day. Post-traumatic stress is rife in the Australian army but hushed up. Foolish wars with people dying for nothing. John Cantwell, the Australian commander retired with post-traumatic stress and explained this in his moving book, ‘Exit Wounds’. An ex-US Marine from Iraq lectures on how he tried to keep his men alive but could not get the armoured vehicles he needed to protect them from the roadside bombs. He believed the US government did not actually care about the troops. It was ever thus. Last week I drove back from Western Sydney. There was a big billboard recruiting for the Army and a much smaller one in the supermarket asking for donations for discharged veterans with post-traumatic stress. There was a lot of excitement over the Invictus Games as maimed soldiers tried to overcome their injuries. No one asked why they were injured and the Games were generously sponsored by the arms manufacturers who are on steroids of late as Trump demands countries spend 2% of their GDP on weapons to help the US balance of payments and Australia decides it will become an arms exporter, starting with a big order to our friends the Saudis who are famous for beheading journalists not to mention millions of Yemenis. This week will have massive speeches and commemorations of our heroic soldiers. The War Memorial will be upgraded to bigger than any cathedral as our new shrine, generously sponsored by the arms manufacturers again. And the politicians will make fine speeches and improve their electoral prospects. It is the glorification of folly. Lest We Remember. Arthur Chesterfield-Evans is a medical doctor who started as a surgeon but saw that preventive health was more important and went into the anti-tobacco campaign, including time with the activist group, BUGA UP (Billboard Utilising Graffitists Against Unhealthy Promotions). He spends some time in NSW Parliament and was for time CEO of the Sydney Peace Foundation. Share and Enjoy ! Contributions to Pearls and Irritations Subscribe to John Menadue’s Newsletter Top 5 most read
© stocklight/Shutterstock.com (1914–2011). Widely referred to as "The Godfather of Fitness," Jack LaLanne was an American exercise and nutrition guru, television personality, and motivational speaker. He designed and invented strength machines still used in the fitness industry today. Jack François Henri LaLanne was born Sept. 26, 1914, in San Francisco, Calif. During his childhood, LaLanne suffered from poor health and erratic behavior, which he would come to believe was caused by a sugar addiction. As a teen, he attended a lecture by nutritionist Paul Bragg, after which LaLanne cut sugar from his diet and embarked on an exercise routine. These lifestyle changes would come to define his decades-long quest to promote healthy living in the U.S. In 1936 he opened the first public health club (later a chain) in the United States, located in Oakland, Calif. Among his other innovations, LaLanne originated the leg-extension machine, now a fitness standard.
hot water boiler temp Troubleshooting a Hot Water Heater When the Water - Hunker Hot water heaters are designed with a temperature pressure relief valve. It will relieve pressure and drain water if the water temperature becomes too hot. Testing the temperature pressure relief valve is a quick process. Locate the valve on the side of the water heater. It will have a tub running below it and a flip switch on it. Evaluating low-temperature water-heating options This small design change bumps up overall boiler plant efficiency from percentages in the low 80s to the mid-90s, depending on boiler-firing rate and heating-water-supply (HWS) temperature. Boiler efficiency. The lower the return-water temperature, the higher the boiler efficiency. 4.0 l Stainless Steel Electric Hot Water - The Home Depot For safety and thermal efficiency, Rosewill's Electric Hot Water Dispenser features a micro-computerized temperature control system heater located on the bottom. It's user-friendly design includes a re-boil and dry-boil protection indicated by a blue light on its water gauge. What are the code requirements for the discharge piping If the water heater thermostat fails to turn off at its temperature setting and continues to heat the water indefinitely, the TPR valve will open and let the overheated water out; but, if the termination of the piping is not readily visible—such as if it is located under the house—the water will continue to drain until the homeowner gets an What Temperature Should I Set for My Water Heater? Your home's water heater has a maximum temperature setting that controls how hot the water in your faucets may be at any given time. While most of us don't think about this setting being customizable, it is actually something you can control. A new water heater is typically preset to a maximum temperature of 140 degrees Fahrenheit. What Temperature should Hot Water Be? - Q- How hot should the water be coming out of the kitchen faucet in the sink 25' to 30' from the hot water heater? A- Depending on local code but normally a min of 100°F (38°C). In Nursing homes or where children are concerned 105°F (40.5°C) maximum is the preferred temperature. PDF Lowering Water Temperature in Hydronic Heating Systems Extreme heat pump based on the water temperature leaving the heat pump's condenser and traveling to the heating distribution system or a buffer tank. When the outdoor temperature is 20ºF, and the water temperature leaving the condenser is 130ºF, the heat pump has a COP of about 2.5. However, if the water temperature leaving the heat pump's Troubleshooting an Overheating Electric Hot Water Heater Boiler Gauges, how to read the temperature & pressure AquaSmart Boiler Temperature Control \| Beckett Corp. The circulator circulates the heat transfer fluid to the heated zone. As with the Dual Acting Boiler Temperature Control, the circulator turns on and off by thermostat input. The boiler temperature control opens to turn the circulator off if boiler water temperature drops below the low limit to maintain a minimum boiler temperature. How do I turn up hot water temp from my boiler? \| Yahoo I turned up the hot water valve right off the boiler to max. Inside the transformer box there are 3 dials. One says HI, the other LOW and the third says DIFF. The HI and LOW are both set to 160 degrees. DIFF is set at 11. The boiler pressure/temp gauge reads 200 for temp. I've insulated the hot water pipes as far as I can go. Boiler Temperature Setting - Boilers & Hot Water Tanks Now that my hot water issue has been solved, it has got me thinking whether my boiler thermostat is set correctly. The plumber that installed it reckoned it should be set to near enough max (75 deg) on the basis that the boiler will run for less time to get the UFH up to temperature and will get a faster response. The oil is typically only to keep the background temp overnight, provide our hot water requirements for showers in the morning, and any daytime running before we start the wood fire. I am in Scotland and we use around 2.5L of oil, and a basket of wood a day in the depth of winter. What Temperature Should a Hot Water Heater Be Set At? Perhaps your hot water isn't hot enough no matter what setting your water heater is on. If you need help adjusting your hot water heater or troubleshooting any problems, call your local Mr. Rooter Plumbing at (855) 982-2028, or request an estimate online. Your hot water isn't the only thing that needs to be "just right." The Temperature in Your Boiler and the Dangers of Overheating FAQs \| Weil-McLain Boilers & Products Hot water reset - Wikipedia Hot water reset is an energy-saving automatic control algorithm for hot water boilers that are typically fired with fuel oil or natural gas.A hot water reset control loop measures the outside air temperature; this information is used to estimate demand or heating load as the outdoor temperature varies.The supply hot water temperature is modulated up and down range in an inverse linear ratio to PDF High Temperature Water Heating Systems High Temperature Water Heating Systems" will be consulted for design guidance aswell as forref-erences forspecialized applications. b. Capital Investment. Smaller pipe sizes are used with HTWsystems than with steamsystems. This, together with the 15 to 20 percent smaller generator requirements because ofelimination of 3 Ways to Turn Up a Hot Water Heater - wikiHow Cold water can be an inconvenience while bathing, washing dishes, or doing chores around your house. If you consistently notice cooler water temperatures, you may need to turn up your water heater's temperature. While adjusting a gas or electric water heater requires careful hands and an understanding of the parts, it can be a simple fix. How To Adjust Water Temperature On Boiler? These guys put the system in about 5 years ago, but have had problems - like when they forgot to open the cold water return and spent months last year trying to fix the ask of heat. The installers manual says GWA Gas Fired Water Boiler and the temp gauge shows the lowest reading. Electric Boilers - Electro Industries Home Hot Water Temperature - Premier Heating Surrey At Premier Heating Surrey we recommend setting your hot water tank thermostat to 60 degrees. This is a good balance which keeps your water hot enough for washing, yet safe from bacteria. It also reduces the risk of scalding accidents and helps you to #SaveMoney and reduce carbon emissions ! How to check your hot water temperature Renewable Hot Water Heating \| Renewable Heating and The working temperature is not necessarily the same as the final temperature of the end product (in this case, the final temperature of the water that comes out of the hot water heater). For example, some water heating systems require a working temperature of more than 150°F, even if the system is only heating water to around 120°F. Water Heater Repair Tutorial: Temperature Sensors In order to know what the resistance reading is supposed to be, we need to get the water temperature of the tank. Make sure there is no flow of water through the water heater and turn the cold water supply off to the water heater. Drain about 4 to 5 gallons of water out of the drain valve at the bottom of the water heater and throw it out. electrical - Should water heater thermostats be set to the Hello, and welcome to Stack Exchange. This isn't true; hot water rises, and so the hot water output is from the top of the tank. The dip tube takes cold water in at the top of the tank and brings it to the bottom, preventing it from mixing with the hot water. - Daniel Griscom Mar 10 '18 at 13:31 Hot Water Boilers - Parker Boiler Co. \| Industrial Boiler Temperature Set Points For Residential Baseboard i have a bypass line in between the hot water leaving the boiler, and the return side, with a valve in between. basically you "leak" some hot water back into the return side to keep the boiler temp up. most boilers dont like really cool water coming back into the boiler.there is probably some magic ideal temp for return water, that i dont know. The Normal PSI Reading for a Hot Water Boiler System \| Hunker Considerations - Heat Pump Water Heaters (HPWHs 2 Because the cool air from the HPWH will force your heating system to work harder, paybacks for the HPWHs will be longer in colder climates if installed in conditioned space. In very warm climates, the benefits to the cooling system working less hard will lead to shorter paybacks. 3 These two heating modes is why sometimes HPWHs are referred to as "hybrids". Recommended oil furnace temperature settings? \| Terry Love Current plumbing codes require a tempering valve or thermostatic mixing valve between the water heater and the hot water distribution that goes to any sink, faucet or shower (but high-temp water is fine for going to dishwashers & clothes washers, though most houses don't have separate distribution.) The solution is to bring it up to code. How to Adjust The Temperature On A Tankless Water Heater Truth be told, cold showers are great when you need to energize your body, but you shouldn't do it on a regular basis. There's also the annoying scenario when you end up being scalded from the hot water. Setting the appropriate temperature on your tankless water heater is fundamental for both your health and safety. Oil burner question - how are people controlling their hot The face plate comes off and there are 4 dials (2 boiler temp, 2 hot water temp). You can lower the high temp for water to make it less scalding. This also saves money in the summer as less oil is burned kicking the burner on and off keeping it at 180 degrees. How to Set Hot Water or Steam Heating System Pressure How to Maintain Hot Water Heating Systems - dummies Water heating - Wikipedia Electric Hot Water Boilers \| Vapor Power Water Boiler Temperature settings and circulator Water Boiler Temperature settings and circulator I have a weil-mclain cg-5 series 12 water boiler in my basement, and am trying to maximize the efficiency. The way it is currently wired, when there is a demand for heat from thermostat, the boiler kicks on and once the water temp reaches about 145 degrees, the circulator will turn on. Potential Causes For Reduced Hot Water \| Water Heater Remember, your water heater will only provide ⅔ of its capacity in usable hot water. So, if you have a 50-gallon tank, you'd get 33 gallons of hot water. You could get a 15-20 minute shower without temp drop if your showerheads are limited to 2.5 gallons per minute (GPM). But a 5 GPM showerhead would only give you up to 10 minutes of hot water. What are the proper temperature settings for my boiler The Ideal, Safest Temperature to Set the Water Heater Is I have to admit I set our old apartment water heater more in the 140°F range because I grew up enjoying really hot baths, and always practice the steady hand art of incrementally increasing the water's temp with tiny adjustments throughout my shower or bath.
Xiaojing went to the hospital for X-ray because of lumbar problems. However, last week, she found that she had been pregnant for 2 weeks. Xiaojing was happy and tangled. She remembered that the X-ray radiation on the Internet would cause cancer and might cause fetal deformity. Thinking of this, Xiaojing didn’t know what to do. Can’t the baby in her stomach stay? X-ray examination is widely used in clinical diagnosis. Compared with CT, ultrasound and other inspection methods, X-ray has the advantages of high value, short diagnosis time, low price and simple operation. The X-ray can not penetrate the human body at different wavelengths. some people are very afraid of all kinds of X-ray related examinations, and they are afraid that radiation will damage their bodies. However, it needs to be clear that medical X-ray examination and computed tomography are currently widely used in the early diagnosis of cancer and bone fracture. an expert group of the National Research Council of the United States said in a report on June 29, 2005 that although most medical X-ray exposure to human body may cause cancer, the risk of cancer is not large. the latest report found that the radiation dose equivalent to about 1000 X-ray mSv would lead to cancer in 1 out of 100 people, while the average radiation dose of simple chest X-ray exposure was only 0.01msv, which was far from enough to cause cancer. the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) Publication No. 90 summarizes and reviews the newly published experimental data of animals exposed to radiation before birth and the re evaluation data of biological effects of radiation on human embryos and fetuses. It is considered that the main organs and tissues of the fetus will not show any clinical functional damage when the absorbed dose is less than about 100 mGy. in other words, if a woman receives more than 10 rads of X-ray radiation in the first two weeks of pregnancy, the embryo may be killed. But if the fetus can survive, radiation does not cause damage to the fetus. The deformities induced by radiation mainly occurred in the main organ formation stage. The radiation risk of organogenesis and early fetus is the highest, the second trimester of pregnancy is slightly less, and the late pregnancy is the least. Moreover, only once X-ray examination, the dose of ionizing radiation is rarely greater than 50 mGy, and there are no reports of fetal malformation, growth restriction or abortion caused by radiation dose lower than 50 mGy, which can prove that a single X-ray examination has less damage to the fetus. therefore, for a fetus with a dose less than 100 mGy, radiation exposure can not be regarded as a legitimate reason for termination of pregnancy, and children can be retained. children are sensitive to X-rays, and ionizing radiation will produce corresponding potential risks to children. Therefore, scientific and reasonable chest X-ray examination should be used in clinical practice, which can strengthen the protection of children and effectively avoid radiation injury. in children’s chest examination, motion blur is often caused by children’s uncooperative, crying and twisting, which will affect the diagnosis. Traditional X-ray machine is easy to cause image blur due to long exposure time, but Dr has great advantages. For example, Philips DR can reach up to 900mA, and the exposure time of children’s chest can be shortened to 0.007s. At the same time, the computer will automatically conduct digital processing at the same time of exposure. After 4 seconds, the image will be displayed on the monitor, and the radiographer can immediately judge whether the image meets the diagnostic requirements. It is not only fast and cheap, but also has low radiation dose, which is suitable for children’s X-ray examination. at present, X-ray examination has become a common auxiliary technology in hospital diagnosis, and it is also a necessary item for many citizens’ annual physical examination. What should we pay attention to when doing this examination? before performing this examination for the patient, we should understand the patient’s condition in detail, and if there is no need to do X-ray examination, we should try not to do it; for those pregnant women, as well as younger children, we should try not to use X-ray examination of abdomen and pelvis; if it is necessary to carry out the examination, we should protect the examinee with shielding protection The effect is good, especially pay attention to the protection of gonad, active bone marrow, breast and other positions of patients. conclusion: from the discovery of X-ray to the present, X-ray examination has fully played its role in the medical field, showing its advantages, and has been recognized by the majority of medical personnel and patients. The application of radiation technology has its particularity. If we don’t pay attention to protection, it may cause radiation damage to human. therefore, we should pay attention to the protection of the examinees and reduce all unnecessary exposure, which can prevent or reduce the potential harm of X-ray examination to the public and their descendants, and improve the effect of X-ray diagnosis. reference: [1] Chi Haitao, Liu Hongtao, fan Haiming, et al. Common misunderstandings and protective measures in the understanding of X-ray [J]. China radiation health, 2005. [2] Li Jiejun. Views on radiation protection misunderstanding in medical X-ray diagnosis and treatment [J]. China radiation health, 2015 [3] Mou Li, Peng Yan, Ma qiongying. Application selection of chest X-ray and CT examination in children [J]. Chinese Journal of pulmonary diseases, 2018
Definitions for "Patient" Person who is receiving medical care. There are two types of patients, please see inpatient or outpatient for definitions. A patient is a person who is formally admitted to the inpatient service of a hospital for observation, care, diagnosis, or treatment. Forbearing; long-suffering. To compose, to calm. Keywords: churg, strauss, memoir, penguin, isbn a relatively long recovery period Keywords: passive, bitten, recipient, verbal, dog The patient is the recipient of the verbal action. In an active clause it is synonymous with the direct object. See also agent. Example:â€œThe dog bit the manâ€ (active)â€œThe man was bitten by the dogâ€ (passive) Keywords: inlier, inler, stay, boundary, equal an inlier if their stay is equal to or more than the inlier low boundary and less than or equal to the inler high boundary a known morphological variant without pathologic relevance (Supplementary material) Keywords: happens, semantic, sick, verb, denoted a human being who happens to be sick, not a set of signs with a name attached a stranger in a bed that you can distance yourself from whenever you need to a blending of spirit, emotion, intellect and body This term is synonymous with 'healthcare user'. A study subject who has the disease or condition for which the investigational product is being studied. Keywords: middle, exceptions, male, female, white a middle-aged white male or female, but many exceptions to this exist Keywords: outsider, business, part a part of our business, not an outsider An individual who receives services at a facility or by a provider.
Gibel Carp - Russian fishing 4 The Gibel Carp - otherwise known as Prussian Carp - is a fish of the Cyprininae subdivision of the cyprinid family. It is a valuable game fish. It occurs in numerous fresh water bodies of Europe, in the lower reaches of the Syr Darya and the Amu Darya, in lakes on floodplains of Siberian rivers (up to the Kolyma River inclusively), in the Amur River basin, in rivers of the Russian Far East, in lakes on Sakhalin, in water bodies of China and Korea. This species was being distributed by humans from olden times and thus was introduced even to North America, Thailand and India. Gibel carp prefers flowing water. It can live in big clean rivers and lakes as well as in overgrown ponds, marshes and ditches. Usually it doesn’t migrate, remaining in the same area. It can survive in low oxygenated water, and can also withstand a period, when the water body is completely frozen or dried out, without any damage to its vital functions, by burying itself into silt. Gibel carp’s favorite food includes insect larvae, plankton and simple algae. Gibel carp is normally smaller than crucian carp, it has bigger scales and a high and slightly flattened (but not very flat) body. Its back is dark, flanks are silvery, there is a black pellicle on its abdomen. Gibel carp’s dorsal fin is long and prickly. There are prickles in its anal fin too. Unlike common carp, it has no barbels. It has one row of pharyngeal teeth. Large specimens reach a length of 40 cm and a weight of about 1.5 to 2 kg. Minimum - maximum fish weight No actual data! Coordinates where Gibel Carp was spotted Winding Rivulet Kuori Lake The Cottage Pond Seversky Donets River Volkhov River
Understanding Substance Use Disorders This entry was posted in Blogs and tagged , , on David Fawcett PhD, LCSW When most people hear the word addiction, they picture some form of substance use disorder – most likely alcoholism or illicit drug addiction. However, individuals can also become addicted to prescription medications, nicotine, and even caffeine. Any addiction that involves ingesting (swallowing, snorting, smoking, injecting, etc.) a mood-altering substance qualifies as a substance use disorder. In its Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (the DSM-5), the American Psychiatric Association (APA) lists eleven possible criteria for substance use disorders, any two of which, occurring within a 12-month period, are sufficient for a diagnosis. The APA lists numerous categories of substance use disorder including alcohol use disorder, cannabis use disorder, hallucinogen related disorders, inhalant related disorders, opioid use disorder, sedative/hypnotic/anxiolytic related disorders, stimulant related disorders, tobacco related disorders, and other (or unknown) substance related disorders. The eleven possible criteria listed in the DSM-5 are as follows: 1. The substance is taken in larger amounts or over a longer period than was intended. 3. A great deal of time is spent in activities necessary to obtain, use, or recover from use of the substance. 8. Recurrent substance use in situations in which it is physically hazardous. 9. Substance use continues despite knowledge of a persistent or recurrent physical or psychological problem that is likely to have been caused or exacerbated by the substance. 10. Tolerance, as defined by either of the following: 11. Withdrawal, as manifested by either of the following: 1. The characteristic withdrawal symptoms for the substance. 2. The substance or a closely related substance is taken to relieve or avoid withdrawal symptoms. Once again, any two of these symptoms manifesting in a 12-month period are sufficient for a substance use disorder diagnosis. Many addiction therapists simplify the APA’s criteria to a shorter and much more easily grasped list of three. 1. Preoccupation to the point of obsession with the substance of choice. 2. Loss of control over use of the substance, typically evidenced by failed attempts to quit or cut back. 3. Directly related negative consequences – relationship trouble, issues at work or in school, declining physical health, depression, anxiety, diminished self-esteem, isolation, financial woes, loss of interest in previously enjoyable activities, legal trouble, etc. Generally, substance use disorders, more commonly referred to as alcoholism or drug addiction or just simply addiction, are relatively easy for most people to understand and identify. If we do not have an addiction ourselves, we know someone who does, or, at the very least, we’ve seen relatively accurate portrayals of alcoholism and/or drug addiction on television and in the movies. As a standalone issue, substance use disorders can be devastating both physically and emotionally to not only the addict, but his or her loved ones as well. When substance use disorders pair with a behavioral (process) addiction, as they often do, the consequence can be even more destructive. If you or someone you care about is struggling with a substance addiction or a paired substance and behavioral addiction, plenty of help is available. To get started on the right path, please feel free to contact us via email or join one of our no-cost drop-in discussion groups, particularly my Wednesday evening (5 p.m. Pacific, 8 p.m. Eastern) Addiction and Recovery webinar.
Monday, November 30, 2015 Whose War Was It, Anyway? Someone left a travel guide to Southeast Asia lying on a table in the public library today, and I idly paged through it. It's in the Footprint series, produced in England and written by a couple of Brits. I noticed that, in addition to all the predictable entries (where to eat, where to stay, what sights to see) it had a fairly extensive section on the history of the region. I was curious to see what sort of stance these writers would take, so I started reading. The account of Vietnam's push for independence after World War II was good, acknowledging that the French negotiated with the Viet Minh forces led by Ho Chi Minh but never really intended to give up their possession. The writers do mention that in the wake of the Chinese Revolution and "the establishment of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea) in 1948, the US began to offer support to the French in an attempt to stem the 'Red Tide' that seemed to be sweeping across Asia." That's a bit of an understatement, since the offered aid was accepted, and by the time the French were defeated at Dien Bien Phu in 1954 it was considerable, underwriting most of the French war effort. But the account becomes overtly misleading in the following paragraph: In July 1954, in Geneva, the French and Vietnamese agreed to divide the country along the 17th parallel, so creating two states -- the Communists occupying the north and the non-Communists occupying the south [203]. This is false. The Geneva accords established the 17th parallel as a truce line, a "provisional military demarcation line" with a demilitarized zone on either side. The truce was to prepare the way for "general elections which will bring about the unification of Viet-Nam," under the supervision of an international commission. These elections were to take place, according to Article 7 of the Final Declaration, by secret ballot in July 1956. They never did, because of the refusal of the US' client Ngo Dinh Diem to permit them. The writers do mention Diem's "two rigged elections (in October 1955, 450,000 registered voters cast 605,025 votes) that gave some legitimacy to his administration in American eyes" (204), but not the plebiscite he blocked, nor that the Eisenhower administration supported him because they recognized that unification under Ho Chi Minh would win any fair election. Later the writers acknowledge that John F. Kennedy increased US military involvement "in flagrant violation of the Geneva Agreements", but then complain about the "bungling and incompetence of the forces of the south, the interference that US advisors and troops had to face" (205), as though the "interference" didn't come from the US advisors and troops, whose presence and activity in Vietnam violated the Geneva Accords. This is a familiar tack, of course: naive and well-meaning Americans who were just trying to help but were constantly blocked by devious, corrupt brown people. This isn't really revisionist history, of course, it's the standard US propaganda line, despite the occasional concession.
Education, News World Book Day: Books and Dogs go side by side There are a few books that the TNR Trust team can recommend and which are by now dog-eared (Pun totally intended) from extensive use. You can buy these books online: 1. Calming Signals: What Your Dog Tells You (By Turid Rugaas) Rugaas T. - Calming Signals.jpg Yawning, lip-licking, sneezing, even scratching are just a few of the 30-plus signals that dogs use to communicate with one another. With On Talking Terms With Dogs you can learn to recognize these signals and use them yourself to interact with your dog. Norwegian dog trainer and behaviorist Turid Rugaas has made it her life work to study canine social interaction. She coined the phrase calming signals to describe the social skills, sometimes referred to as body language, that dogs use to avoid conflict, invite play, and communicate a wide range of information to other dogs and also humans. Every dog needs his human to read this book! 2. Inside of a Dog What Dogs See, Smell, and Know (By Alexandra Horowitz) The answers will surprise and delight you as Alexandra Horowitz, a cognitive scientist, explains how dogs perceive their daily worlds, each other, and other quirky animal, the human. Horowitz introduces the reader to dogs’ perceptual and cognitive abilities and then draws a picture of what it might be like to be a dog. What it’s like to be able to smell not just every bit of open food in the house but also to smell sadness in humans, or even the passage of time? What is it like to hear the bodily vibrations of insects or the hum of a fluorescent light? Why must a person on a bicycle be chased? What’s it like to use your mouth as a hand? In short, what is it like for a dog to experience life from two feet off the ground, amidst the smells of the sidewalk, gazing at our ankles or knees? Inside of a Dog explains these things and much more. The answers can be surprising-once we set aside our natural inclination to anthropomorphize dogs. Inside of a Dog also contains up-to-the-minute-research-on dogs’ detection of disease, the secrets of their tails, and their skill at reading our attention-that Horowitz puts into useful context. Although not a formal training guide, Inside of Dog has practical application for dog lovers interested in understanding why their dogs do what they do. With alight touch and the weight of science behind her, Alexandra Horowitz examines the animal we think we know best but may actually understand the least. This book is as close as you can get to knowing about dogs without being a dog yourself.” 3. Perfect Puppy (By Gwen Bailey) 4. Don’t Shoot the Dog (By Karen Pryor) A fabulous and easy-to-understand book about how to best use behaviorism. What is behaviorism? Essentially, the study of human and animal behavior – so this book sheds light on the most effective principles to use if you want to better the way you act. You can apply these concepts to so many areas, ranging from bolstering your health to training your dog. One of the most important takeaways: use positive reinforcement, not punishment. Overall, recommended if you are interested in psychology or why humans act the way they do. Clear, concise, and in large part optimistic, Karen Pryor has written a wonderful book about behaviorism with Don’t Shoot the Dog! Still want more reading material? Click on these author’s names to find out more about their amazing work: World Book and Copyright Day by UNESCO Leave a Reply You are commenting using your account. Log Out / Change ) Google photo Twitter picture Facebook photo Connecting to %s
Central and South Asia dishes Posted on at Definition of food is too difficult, because food is part of our social life. With a consideration each of these words. Words such as food, health, nutrition or healthy nutrition, energy, growth, life, come to mind. In every country people have different usage of food with different recipes. Food promotes the health and, however some of them are not good for our health. Human beings are a social species; we eat together, sharing meals, serving food and see each other at the time of eating food, and learn from other traditions. Asian dishes: Asian dishes are a different type of dishes than other continents. In these countries, people use spices more in their foods like condiments, such as; pepper, black pepper and turmeric. Spicy foods are more common in India, Pakistan and Afghanistan. However going extreme on everything will have bad effect on our health. Indian food is too spicy some of them are too healthy and some of them consider as hottest food in the. Biryani is a popular Indian meal which based on spicy rice, meat, fish, eggs and vegetables. Also this meal is served in many neighboring countries. Many people from all over the world love to eat this meal at least ones a week. Chinese, Japanese and Korean foods are similar in kind and they have many varieties. Meanwhile, most of them are healthy and effective for body growing. One of the most delicious and popular food among Asian countries as sushi. 2.Sushi is a fresh, delicious and healthy food. Cold rice dressed with vinegar, formed into any of various shapes, and garnished especially with bits of raw seafood or vegetables. This cuisine is fresh and appetizer, most of the restaurants all over the world is serving it, and it has many fans in all parts of the world. Iranian cuisine: Iranian cuisine are uncountable in kind, there have many delicious, as well as healthy food listed in this address. One of the popular, well-known and tasty cuisines is Ghorma Sabzy. 3.Ghorma Sabazy: Ghorma Sabzy is a traditional Iranian cuisine, since it contains vegetables and due to the presence of protein, nutritious material like, beans and meat that has high nutritional value of the food tastes and relish is consistent with the majority of temperament. Asian dishes is numerous, and writing in this regard is requires multi-volume books, but it is small definition from a limit number of several famous and delicious cuisine from some parts of Asian countries. About the author Subscribe 0
political group, Italy verified Cite Select Citation Style Thank you for your feedback Alternative Title: Popolari Popolare, plural Popolari, member of Partito Popolare Italiano (PPI; Italian Popular Party), an Italian political party organized in 1919 and inspired by Christian Socialist principles. The formation of the party marked the entrance of Roman Catholics, alienated since the government’s seizure of papal lands in 1860–70, into Italian political life as an organized force. Led by the Sicilian priest Don Luigi Sturzo, the Popolari espoused a program of local administrative autonomy, agricultural reform, recognition of the right of workers to organize, election (rather than appointment) of the Senate, and extension of suffrage to women. In the general election of 1919, they scored a major victory, winning more than 100 seats and becoming the second largest party in the Chamber of Deputies. The party, however, was weakened by lack of internal unity and so failed to exert the influence on government that its numbers deserved. During the period of crisis for Italian democracy in the early 1920s, the Popolari were unwilling to cooperate with either the socialists on the left or the liberals on the right to block the rise of fascism. With the fascist suppression of parliamentary government in the mid-1920s, the party was dissolved. Its principles were revived after World War II in the Christian Democratic Party, led by the former Popolare Alcide De Gasperi. Take advantage of our Presidents' Day bonus! Learn More!
Gay Marriage and the Constitution Essays Words: 1599 Pages: 7 Gay Marriage and the Constitution Amberlee Ozment Axia College of University of Phoenix Gay Marriage and the Constitution Is it okay to not believe in gay marriage, yet at the same time support the constitutional rights of life, liberty and pursuit of happiness for homosexual couples? Even though most churches' beliefs conflict with marrying same-sex partners, government should not deny a person's right to their happiness; because any person, no matter race, color, sex, religion or sexual orientation, should be allowed to exercise their constitutional rights as Americans to pursue their happiness; and married gay couples should be able to have a spectrum of rights and benefits if their gay partnership is legalized. …show more content… Another survey shows that knowing a homosexual does in fact have an impact on the view of whether or not gay relations should be legal. (Morales, 2009) [pic] Having a gay friend would most likely increase the support for gay rights and marriage because of a compassion one would have for another. In general, people are afraid of the unfamiliar and unknown. When some people think of gay couples, they think of sexual innuendos and perversion. Gay relationships go far beyond the bedroom. The connection between two people, no matter their gender, can be undeniable. Legalizing same-sex marriage would create a crook with persons of the church who would be subjected to marry gays whether they wanted to or not because the legalization would cause a waterfall of clauses and laws to protect gays and their right to marry. Many churches are afraid if gay marriage is legalized, they will be forced to marry same-sex couples out of fear of being sued for discrimination. Separating the Church from the state would prove to be a fix-all solution to the deafening objection of the Church to marry gay couples. Conceding a legal document known as a civil union by the state instead of the Church would relieve any and all ministers of having to marry gay couples. (Eschen-Pipes, Fall 2004) Further, giving a civil union document would be the equivalent to a marriage certificate with the same rights as a
It's all about moleeeeeees. • Chemistry • Thread starter rebedotcca • Start date • #1 1) Sulphur dichloride oxide, S02Cl2 is hydrolysed (decomposed) by water to sulphuric acid and hydrochloric acid. A sample of S02Cl2 was dissolved in sufficient water to produce 150 cm3 , and of the 25cm3 of the resultant solution required 15cm3 of 0.2 mol/dm3 sodium hydroxide for neutralisation. Calculate the mass of S02Cl2 in the sample. 2) When iodic (V) acid, HIO3 reacts with an aq solution of SO2, H2SO4 and iodine are produced. in an experiment, 0.1g of iodic (v) acid was reacted with excess sulphur dioxide and iodine formed were removed by heating. The sulphuric acid produced requred 28.4cm3 of 0.1mol/dm3 NaOH solution. Determine the equation for the reaction between iodic(V) acid and sulphur dioxide. Answers and Replies • #2 Please show your attempt or tell us which parts of the question you are having problems with. • #3 Hey fightfish. For question 1 i had solved it already. But now i'm having problem with question 2. I do not know how to start this question. Do you mind teaching me? Thanks! • #4 Basically the question is asking you to construct the equation of the reaction between the iodic(V) acid and sulfur dioxide based on the empirical (experimental) data. From the data in the question, we can obtain: i) The no. of moles of iodic(V) acid reacted ii) The no. of moles of sulfuric acid produced Hint: How is the no. of moles of sulfur dioxide reacted related to the no. of moles of sulfuric acid produced? From there, we can obtain the mole ratio of the reactants, thus enabling us the write the equation. • #5 Thanks! (;
September 01, 2019 King Mushroom King Mushroom Ruslan Olinchik / Mushrooms have always been a part of the Russian diet, going back to ancient times, when they helped peasant and hunter-gatherer communities survive long, hard winters. With the advent of Christianity and its strict Orthodox mores and plentiful fasting days, mushrooms took on the role of meat replacements, used by both lay people and the clergy. Interestingly, up until just a few centuries ago, Russians only picked three kinds of mushrooms: porcinis (today called белые, “white mushrooms,” or боровики, but previously known as “lips,” губы), milk mushrooms (грузди), and saffron milk caps (рыжики). This was because none of these mushrooms had poisonous “doubles” that could be picked by mistake. But as the forests were cut down to make way for arable land and growing cities, the quantity of “noble” mushrooms dwindled, and Russians expanded their mushroom repertoire. In the eighteenth century, porcinis became known as “white mushrooms” because they retained their whiteness when dried, unlike the “black” boletus, such as birch boletes (подберезовики), aspen boletes (подосиновики) and suede boletes (моховики), all of which turn black. Digital Subscription Required Get unlimited digital access for just $2 a month. Don't have an account? signup About Us Latest Posts Our Contacts Russian Life PO Box 567 Montpelier VT 05601-0567
I’ve met a lot of photographers over the years who were graphic designers before they even picked up a camera and most seemed to be able to produce dynamic, pleasing photographs right off the bat. Why is this so? I’m a firm believer that the theories of design can be learned and mastered by anyone. After you’ve nailed the technical aspects of creating a photograph, the rest is all esthetics and connection with your subject. The principles of good design translate to any creative medium. Photography, typography, painting, architecture, apparel, interiors, even music contains some of these same principles. Many of these are dictated by what we find pleasing in nature. Balance, harmony, contrast, etc. There are so many I could teach you, but five fundamental compositional theories you can use to improve your photography are introduced in our Photography 101 DVD. These are a great place to start and honestly, they are the most used because they just work. I subconsciously use all five of these while I’m shooting. Here are some examples. Rule #1: Symmetry symmetry-photography-composition-rulesSymmetry is defined as the quality of being made up of exactly similar parts facing each other or around an axis. Both sides of the photo look the same. Symmetry works because it creates a feeling of balance and harmony. Look for opportunities to create symmetry in your images with architectural elements (like buildings, windows or doors), lighting techniques, shadows, or placement of your subjects. Rule #2: Rule of Thirds rule of thirds-negative space The rule of thirds is loosely derived from the principle of the Golden Ratio, or the Golden Mean, which is a mathematical algorithm that shows up everywhere in nature. The human body, sea shells, leaves, etc. You might remember learning about it in geometry. Once you understand it visually, you’ll see it all around you. (Read more about the Golden Ratio vs. Rule of Thirds by clicking here) To use the rule of thirds in your composition, divide your image into nine equal parts, using three equally divided horizontal and vertical lines. Then place your focal point at the intersection of any of those lines. It will add more interest to your images and help you mix it up when you’re stuck in the rut of always centering your subject. After some practice, you won’t have to think about this anymore, you’ll just do it. Rule #3: Leading Lines leading-lines-photography-composition-rulesLeading lines are pretty self-explanatory. Any lines or perceived lines that lead to the desired focal point in your image. In the above image, the beach line leads our eye up to the couple, which is where I want my viewers to look first. Leading lines don’t have to be straight (they could be curved), and they don’t always have to be glaringly obvious. Leading lines can be subtle and still produce the desired effect. Rule #4: Triangles and Geometry Looking for geometric shapes in your scene or creating them with your subjects, can make your images very pleasing to the eye. Look at your favorite images and try to decipher why you like them. You’ll likely find triangles in the composition. Can you see the triangle in the composition in my image above? I like to look for other geometric shapes as well; squares, circles, ovals, rectangles. The human eye looks for shapes. Our eyes are drawn to order, and shapes are a way we visually organize information to separate the important stuff from the chaos. Rule #5: Negative Space Negative space is probably one of my favorite compositional rules. If you want someone to know what the most important visual piece of information is in your composition, surround it with nothing. This gives the viewer no other option than to look at the focal point. This seems like a no-brainer, but it can be a powerful tool and easier said than done to pull off nicely. Negative Space-compositional-theory Using negative space is also one of the easiest ways to take an image from average to high end. You’ll notice luxury brands generally use a lot of negative space in their advertising imagery. Try it. Look for areas of negative space and use them in your composition. Keep in mind the other fundamental rules we’ve talked about when using negative space. Notice I’ve also used the Rule of Thirds and Symmetry in my detail shot of the diamond ring above. Learn more fundamentals of creating amazing photography in the SLR Lounge Photography 101 DVD Workshop. Once you complete that course, you’ll be ready to rock your composition by learning how to manipulate a scene using artificial light, from our newly released and highly anticipated Lighting 101 DVD. Other articles you might find helpful:
What is the key of F? – Practice Makes Perfect In Singing If you can do F and keep it simple, then you’ve found the right way to go about it. So, take this simple, and very important, approach which allows you to be F. It is not the technique, which leads to F, but the method of doing F, that is important. The method is the key. How Do You Do It? First, notice how, at the beginning of a technique, a sequence of movements has been defined. This is something that is repeated over and over again, which causes the muscles involved to do certain things, as if they are doing a single movement, over and over again. This is the so-called ‘motor rhythm’ pattern. How do you start again with all the muscle endings in the same place, in the same direction, in the same order? The easiest way is to take a sequence of movements, and repeat them, over and over again, so that all the muscle endings get back to the same place in the same order and direction (the first movement of the previous sequence). It’s like pulling back tight the muscles in the arm, making them do one action (movement) after another. What is your purpose in learning the F (and other basic techniques like “the finger grip”) as opposed to something which will help you with other tasks, like walking or running, where you need to move quickly? The reason you are learning the F (and other basic techniques for the feet, head, arms, etc.) is because you are seeking ‘the F’, and as such want to know how to do it, and to know how to do it in the way that is most simple and easiest (the F). You want to move fast, quickly, and accurately without thinking of too many variables involved, because your brain is programmed to do so. How are you working towards a F? You’re looking for a single movement, which you are ready to do (to be F), but not where it goes, or if it goes somewhere else than it started. This is where the ‘motor rhythm pattern’ comes in. It is the order in which you start to repeat the action in a sequence. This gives the motor rhythm a special feel (or feel that, like climbing Mount Everest in a hurry). One of the first things you need to start doing every time you enter a new building is do the F. This is to familiarize how to sing in key for beginners, how to sing notes on sheet music, warming up exercises before singing, how to learn singing without a teacher, how to articulate when singing
The North Carolina Science Fair Foundation (NCSFF) is a non-profit organization whose purpose is to promote science literacy in elementary-, middle-, and high-school students through participation in inquiry-based learning. NCSFF promotes science and engineering research by partnering with the community to integrate student scientific research into science education. NCSFF works to increase diversity and engagement of underrepresented student populations in science and engineering research. NCSFF organizes science and engineering fairs to showcase and celebrate student success in research and learning.
A letter of recommendation is a document that summarizes the educational accomplishments, personal qualities, and occupation references of the applicant that has been considered The recommendation is usually given by at least one of a candidate’s coworkers or friends. As such, they are often needed for a job or higher education. The process of writing a letter of recommendation does not have to be complex. Everything comes down to a basic tips about the way to format a letter of recommendation. This guide will provide you tips about things to include and what to leave out when writing a good letter. Of course, your correspondence is exactly what the hiring supervisor reads and interprets. Below are a few basic guidelines on how to format a recommendation. Firstly, you must describe exactly how you came to know about the possible candidate. Make certain you state the details in an objective way. This is likely to make the letter more credible and less likely to be contested by your interviewer. Your letters should also have the name and contact info of the person responsible for sending the recommendation, in addition to the date the recommendation was received. This way, your recommendation will act as proof that the job candidate has a real interest in your area of interest. Your recommendation may also be introduced as part of your resume, so ensure that it is both skilled and readable. By way of instance, you may include references from the candidate’s previous jobs, if they have any, so that he or she has a better prospect of being interviewed for the position. The main thing to remember at any kind of correspondence is the fact that it should be written in concise and plain English. If your author does not have good grammar and spelling abilities, you might not get very many answers. That is why it’s extremely important to write a quality letter of recommendation. So, make certain to practice your writing skills! You can hire a freelance writer to help you, or you’ll be able to make the most of a template that is https://www.elmhurst.edu/ available online. Now, how to format a letter of recommendation to you job interview? The best way is to produce the correspondence from the perspective of the hiring supervisor. To do this, start with describing the position you are applying for, the place you have recently held, what qualifications and abilities that you have, and any particular skills you have, any achievements or successes you’ve had, and whatever else you can add to demonstrate how you will fit into the new firm. Then, you need to describe the qualities which you feel are best suited to the position, so as to demonstrate why these qualities are important for the job that you’re applying for. Last, you should provide a few examples to illustrate what these qualities are. In some cases, you may also need to supply examples of jobs or areas of your past career so as to reveal the way you’ll be an asset to the corporation. By way of example, if you’re currently working as a chef, give a brief description of the way you manage your kitchen and manage food preparation. As soon as you’ve written your letter, have it edited and reviewed, be certain it’s delivered together with a cover letter or CV which includes your resume and other associated documents that support your job application. In this manner, the hiring manager can see the remainder of your resume. Once again, ensure your letter and your resume have been formatted correctly. So as to be considered in the best light. If your letter is well-written, it is going to stick out among all the others. Leave a Reply
This page lists the rules for the use of the eszett, long s, and r rotunda in various languages, as used by Michael von Preußen in his roleplay as the Emperor of Großgermania. This usage specifically ignores the alterations in the usage of the long and short s in the English in the mid-eighteenth century, as well as the alterations in the usage of the eszett as prescribed by the German orthography reform of 1996, which he considers to be an illegal usurpation and degradation of the German language. Eszett[edit \| edit source] The majuscule and minuscule eszett The eszett, or sharp s, is an integral part of the German language and its dialects. One of only a handful of letters worldwide with no orthographical majuscule form, the eszett is rendered ß, and may be capitalized as for use in all- and small-cap typography. Occasionally, and especially pre-Unicodification of the character, the capital eszett would appear as . When the character is unavailable, it may be substituted with 'ss' or 'sz', depending on situation. German[edit \| edit source] The eszett is only natively found in the German language and its dialects, and as such, only German-language orthography rules apply to its use. Despite its ability to be substituted with 'ss', one should not consider the eszett a replacement for a double-s, only the other way around. The eszett is usually a distinct letter, and only replaces a double s when such is formed irregularly at the end of a word or word component. Words written with a double-s may not have such substituted with the eszett. Verfassung, for example, must never be written as Verfaßung (in modern orthography; archaically, the latter was an accepted variant). In addition, if an eszett is unavailable, one should always use 'sz' to replace the eszett if substituting in 'ss' would form a different word. For example, substituting 'ss' into the phrase in Maßen ("in limited amounts") would produce the phrase in Massen ("in massive amounts"). Long S[edit \| edit source] The minuscule long and short s Unlike the eszett, the long s (ſ) has no majuscule approximation. In all-caps and small-caps, it is always replaced with a short s (s). Rules for the use of the long s are, by virtue of the two characters being alternative glyphs of each other, combined with rules for use of the short s (s). English and related[edit \| edit source] The following rules apply to the use of the long and short s in English, Welsh, Cornish, and Lowland Scots. With the exception of the abbreviation and line-break rules, substitution of the long s can be completed automatically using Michael von Preußen's English Long S Replacer. 1. A short s is used when in the majuscule form; 2. A short s is used terminally, except in abbreviations; 3. A short s is used before an apostrophe or a hyphen; 4. A short s is used before the letters 'f', 'b', and 'k'; 5. A long s is used after a hyphen, the above-mentioned rules withstanding; 6. A short s is used after the letter 'f'; 7. A short s is used after the letter 's', except after the second 's' in 'sss'; 8. Compounds having the base stem ending in 'ss' and the trailing stem beginning with 's' may be hyphenated or not; 9. A long s is used initially and medially, the above-mentioned rules withstanding; and 10. A long s is used before a hyphen at a line break, even when a short s would be otherwise used in that medial position. 1. Sileſia 2. ſays; ſ. 3. clos'd; bird's-neſt 4. ſatisfaction, husband, ask 5. off-ſet 6. offset 7. ſucceſsful; croſsſtitch 8. croſs-ſtaff; Croſsſtaff 9. ſtupid; empreſs 10. huſ-band Note that the above-listed rules are as they applied when the long s fell into disuse in English. Variations in its use evolved over time before then, and may still be occasionally seen in reproductions of antiquated text. The 1765 printing of Danby Pickering's Statutes at Large, for instance, made liberal usage of ſſ, only adjusting to ſs at word-end. R Rotunda[edit \| edit source] The majuscule and minuscule r and minuscule r rotunda Especially in blackletter typefaces, two glyphs exist for the minuscule letter r: that which survives to the modern Antiqua orthography, and the r rotunda (). The latter is used following certain letters with a rounded right edge, and as such, like the long s, properly has no majuscule form. The uppercase variant is encoded as of Unicode 5.1, however, and unlike the capital eszett is considered to be the uppercase form of ''. As such, care should be taken when converting lowercase text including the r rotunda to uppercase, as converting '' to 'R' is normally a preferable course of action. Translingual[edit \| edit source] In his 1755 Printer's Grammar, John Smith established that the r rotunda should follow the majuscule letters B, D, G, O, P, U, and W, and the minuscule b, d, h, o, p, and w. He noted, however, that in German these rules seldom applied. In common practice, usage of the r rotunda varied wildly until the eclipse of blackletter by Antiqua scripts: in English by the close of the eighteenth century, and in German, by government edict in 1941. The following may be taken as general guidelines for use: • The r rotunda follows the letters B, D, Ð, O, b, ð, h, o, p, , ß, and þ. • The r rotunda follows the letters G, H, Þ, U, V, W, d, g, u, v, w, and y when they are written in such a way as to present a rounded right edge from the baseline to the median (for example, '' or ''). • An apostrophe can intervene between a round-edged letter and the r rotunda; thus they'e. The proper use of the r rotunda in combination with the same letter, either long or round, abound, such that every possible combination thereof can be found. Some typesetters opt to produce the geminate consonant as 'r'—for example, in the German-language Schönsperger Bible, which consistently transcribes der Herr as der Her. Conversely, the English blackletter in the title page of George Stanhope's second edition of Charron's Of Wisdom notes that the text has been Corected, reversing this order. For the remedy of this inconsistency, I have recommended above that the pairing be either uniformly long, as rr, or uniformly round, as ꝛꝛ, depending on the letter preceding. This to me makes the greatest sense, as the long r does not have a rounded right edge, while the r rotunda does. German[edit \| edit source] In German specifically, the r rotunda may be used in place of the Tironian et, , in the abbreviation, etc., as such: c. This usage is not acceptable outside of German blackletter.
I can understand why some countries like Luxembourg, Singapore, and Ireland have much lower GNP than GDP. But why is the same true for Puerto Rico? I would've thought that since lots of Puerto Ricans work outside Puerto Rico, its GNP should be higher than its GDP. Yet the reverse is true. (In 2019, Puerto Rico's real GDP per capita was \$36,045, while real GNP per capita was \$24,300. So GNP was about 67% of GDP.) This is impossible to answer completely objectively given the data availability. The GNI is given as: $$GNI = C + I + G + NX + NFFI$$ where, C is consumption, I investment , G gov. spending, NX net exports, and NFFI is net foreign factor income. The first 4, terms are by definition GDP so the relationship between GNI and GDP is: $$GNI=GDP+NFFI \text{ or } GNI-NFFI= GDP$$ Hence if $GNI<GDP$ we know that NFFI must be negative. NFFI is the net factor (e.g. not just wages but return on capital and other factor income) income that Puerto Rican residents. However, note that since it is a net factor income separate observations like that more Puerto Ricans work abroad than foreigners there are not helpful. First, what matters is the value of wages so if Puerto Rican firm hires one foreign scientist whose yearly wages are 10x that of low skill Puerto Rican worker abroad than NFFI portion from wages will be still negative even if the ratio of foreign workers in Puerto Rico and Puerto Ricans working abroad will be less than 10. Second, since it includes income from other factors it might easily be that many foreign own companies locate in Puerto Rico and so their incomes count toward GDP but not GNI. Hence to answer your question definitively we would have to take apart the NFFI term and analyze its components. However, problem is that such data is likely not publicly avaiable. Most statistical offices do not provide the breakdown for NFFI. I checked the world bank statistics and couple of other main sources for publicly avaiable macro data but I was not able to find any source that would provide decomposition of NFFI for Puerto Rico. Consequently, we can only conjecture why GDP is larger than GNP. I think likely reason is that Puerto Rico offers lower tax rate than US and does so for a long time (Boles, 1988; Grubert & Slemrod, 1998), which is attractive for US firms (especially since Puerto Rico is US territory with US citizenry). Subsequently, when these firms eventually get income and distribute it to their 'foreign' owners it counts negatively towards NFFI. However, at the same time as found by Borjas (2007): Puerto Rico attracts high-skill in-migrants and exports low-skill workers. So the argument I mentioned above applies as well and likely every Puerto Rican working abroad contributes less to GNI than any high skill workers that come to Puerto Rico, meaning that even if large numbers of Puerto Ricans work abroad it might not be enough to offset the influence of relatively less high skill workers. In my personal opinion, the former reason likely dominates but absent of any more detailed statistics you should take it with grain of salt. • 1 $\begingroup$ Is there any reason to downvote this answer? It is high quality in my opinion and even includes references to the literature. $\endgroup$ – Brennan Jan 17 at 3:55 Your Answer
Walking & Trekking Sticks Walking & Trekking Sticks Using trekking poles, also known as hiking poles, while walking your favorite wilderness trail is an excellent way to improve your wilderness hiking experience. Trekking poles are not only able to reduce a variety of safety risks, such as slips and falls due to bad footing, they are also a great way to reduce your energy usage so that you can spend more time out on the trail. This combination of factors makes trekking poles a sound choice of equipment. Why do hikers use walking sticks? There are a number of good reasons for anyone going on an outdoor hiking expedition to use a walking stick. When hiking, they are an excellent way to maintain balance on uneven terrain. Using a walking stick can give you another foothold to help keep your balance and move around more safely. Hiking sticks also help you to reduce strain on knees and other joints while traveling downhill by giving you something to lean on. How do you use hiking sticks? Make sure that you understand the proper methods of use and stick to these guidelines to help ensure that youll come home from your adventure as healthy as when you left. • Adjust the Length: Your hiking sticks should be adjusted so that they are the appropriate size for your body height. Make sure to extend the lower portion of the pole first, so that any necessary field adjustments can be made with the upper section adjuster. The proper length of your poles should have your elbows making approximately a ninety-degree angle with the ground when holding the poles in contact with the ground. Making the pole slightly shorter than this recommended length is an option which can make it easier to move the pole around without bumping into things. It also works well to shorten your poles when you are using them to head up a steep incline and lengthen them slightly on the downhill. • Use your Straps Properly: The straps attached to the top of the hiking sticks are there to make it easier to grip the pole while walking. Make sure that your hand is held comfortably by the strap in a position such that you can easily hold the pole in the proper position. • Conserve Energy: The main purpose of your trekking poles, other than improving safety, is to reduce the amount of energy that it takes for you to traverse the path you are traveling on. By using short, calculated movements, you can use the hiking poles in such a way as to reduce the demand you are placing on your body, enabling you to conserve your energy while you hike.
Location Of Assets Location Of Assets, Location Of Assets: • A simple definition of Location Of Assets is: The location of the asset is related to determining whether the asset is within the jurisdiction of the tax authority. In most countries, the loss of property in a country means that the country will be surrounded by its income and possibly the sale price and capital gains, even if it is the owner. You are not a resident of this country. Literal Meanings of Location Of Assets Meanings of Location: 1. Some special place or location. Sentences of Location 1. This property is in an ideal location Synonyms of Location situation, position, site, locality, spot, point, place, placement, locale, whereabouts Meanings of Of: 1. Indicates an association between two entities, usually an association body. 2. It shows the relationship between the address and the historical landmark. 3. Express the relationship between a general type or type and the specific items that fall into this category. 4. After a noun or associated with a verb. Sentences of Of 1. Glad you asked Synonyms of Of done by, from, made by, of, carried out by, caused by, in, by Meanings of Assets: 1. Anything or person that is useful or valuable. Sentences of Assets 1. Instant reflection is your main advantage Synonyms of Assets merit, attractive feature, bonus, value, talent, aid, advantage, beauty, boon, blessing, long suit, benefit, good point, resource, selling point, strength, attraction, strong point, forte, help, recommendation, strong suit, virtue, gift
Constant Harassment \| The Long Term Effects of Cyberbullying As parents, we will go to great lengths to protect our children from harm. Many of us enact restrictions on the things that they can witness, consume, or participate in, and set curfews to ensure that they are home at a suitable time. When your teenager traipses through the front door at 10 o’clock, begrudging you for ruining their lives, do you not sigh a silent sigh of relief in the knowing that they are home and safe from harm? And does it therefore terrify you to think that they could still be subject to constant abuse and harassment, even while they’re tucked up in bed? With electronic devices becoming increasingly normalised in the household and classroom, now more than ever our kids are utilising modern technology and the Internet in their daily lives. The rapidly increasing numbers of teenagers and children using new media platforms has a direct cause and effect relationship with the rapidly increasing pervasiveness of cyberbullying within younger demographics. Where once children might have sought refuge from bullies within the confines of their home, the increased prevalence of online interactivity and social media in modern day life has fostered a generation of cyberbullying, and exposed young children and teens to anonymous, unrelenting, and round-the-clock harassment. It’s an unsettling reality for all of us that young children and teenagers are being targeted by a force so evasive that it seems beyond our protective reach. It appears that entirely banning the use of electronic devices only encourages secrecy, and regular monitoring of text messages just erodes trust. It’s therefore crucial that we take the time to properly understand what steps we can take to help prevent children and teens from experiencing the long-term effects of cyberbullying… Is your child a victim of Cyberbullying? Download our FREE Cyberbullying eBook and protect your children today! Cyberbullying Statistics & Effects • A staggering 90% of parents are unaware[7] that their child is being cyberbullied; with the majority of those parents actively believing that their child is strongly proficient and confident online • The effects of cyberbullying are long-lasting, and victims are considerably more likely to experience psychiatric disorders[1] such as adult depression, anxiety, and even agoraphobia • Adolescents who experience psychiatric disorders as a result of cyberbullying are less likely to socialise with friends or participate in healthy relationships[9] • There is a link between online victimisation and failure at school [5] and substance abuse[4] • Young girls are twice as likely[5] to experience cyberbullying, though children of ethnic minorities or with special educational needs also tend to be targeted • Being exposed to bullying over a prolonged period can predispose children and young adults to physical health complications and infection by making affected individuals less immune responsive [8] What Are the Long-Term Effects of Cyberbullying? Many of us have told our children that the best way to deal with a bully is to ignore them. For some, that philosophy may have worked. Yet, for many modern day youngsters, ignoring their tormentors is seemingly impossible to do. With 24/7 access to a limitless world of online communication, cyberbullies can actively target their victims at any time of the day or night, across multiple different mediums, and being ignored doesn’t necessarily dissuade them in any way at all. A lot of face-to-face bullies feed off their ability to physically or verbally confront their victims. Oftentimes, it can be the threat of violence more than the act of violence that fuels this interaction. However, in the context of online interactions, the bully does not necessarily rely on the gratification that comes from immediately witnessing the effects of their actions, due to an increased dissociation between the perpetrator and their target. Even if children attempt to ignore the bombardment of messages, phone calls, emails, and pictures; their bully’s efforts could remain unrelenting. Traditional bullying and cyberbullying are closely related: those who are bullied at school are bullied online, and those who bully at school bully online [2,3,10 ]. As a result, more and more children are becoming the victim of constant harassment. While being cyberbullied in any capacity at all can have a range of negative effects for victims, evidence suggests that being constantly and repeatedly harassed by an online perpetrator can have significantly worse mental health repercussions[4] than if the bullying happens in isolation. Teenage girls, in particular, are at serious risk of becoming vulnerable and self-conscious, and can end up experiencing major depressive episodes at some point in their lives. This can translate into a lifelong struggle with self-esteem and depression. In some devastating circumstances, teen depression can even exacerbate suicidal thoughts[1] , self-harm, or substance abuse. The mental health implications of cyberbullying can also have debilitating effects on a young person’s ability to participate in healthy social interactions. They can become increasingly withdrawn both from friends and peers, and avoid entering into romantic relationships. Victims of cyberbullying that experience depression, as a result, will often become uninterested in leisure activities and school participation, which can eventuate in an inability to hold down employment in later life. While these are all crucial considerations that should inform the way we educate our children about the Internet, it is also important to remember that – with all of these new digital mediums only recently weaving their way into our daily lives – a lot of the long-lasting effects of cyberbullying still aren’t fully known or understood. What we do know with certainty is that cyberbullying has redefined the bully-victim dynamic in a number of ways; many of which seem harder to overcome. Traditional bullying tactics rely on a power imbalance between bully and victim and can become entirely dismantled if the victim assumes more dominance or popularity. Yet, in the online arena, this power imbalance is much harder to address, because the type of power that cyberbullies exercise over their victims is much more evasive; stemming from superior online proficiency (e.g. hacking, setting up fake accounts, or repetitive trolling) or being privy to private information (e.g. sharing photos or anecdotes) that is permanently damaging to a young person’s reputation. How Do I Know If My Child Is Being Cyberbullied? • They’re showing sudden or drastic changes in their online interaction i.e. they might become increasingly attached to their electronic device and grow obsessed with constantly being online, or all of a sudden show no interest in even touching their electronic device. Some changes are more subtle, so it’s important to know what constitutes ‘normal’ for your child, and be aware of any changes. • They never want to go to school, and it’s hard to convince them to leave the house • They always seem nervous or reluctant to let you see their phone/computer/tablet, or become incredibly defensive when asked about what they’re doing or who they’re talking to online • They’re constantly sleep deprived, irritable, or quick to anger • They no longer seem to have contact with their usual friends, and they constantly make excuses for not wanting to participate in activities that they used to enjoy 6 Ways Parents Can Help Tackle The Effects of Cyberbullying 1. Maintain open lines of communication: Parents should regularly talk to their children about their online friendships. Ask them questions, just like you would do in reference to their offline friends. Just be sure not to come across as if you are interrogating them, as this might make them feel defensive and reluctant to share. 2. Keep an eye out for changes in behaviour: Certain changes in behaviour could indicate that your child is being vicimitised by an online bully, or that they themself have partaken in the online bullying of another child. 3. Encourage them to think about what they’re sharing: Cyberbullies often attempt to sabotage their victim’s reputation online. They can do this by creating fake accounts, sharing hurtful content, or posting compromising photos. A good preventative measure that every parent and child should take is to exercise caution when sharing material online, such as private information or images. 4. Nurture trust between you and your child: Don’t demand that your teen give you access to their device because this might encourage them to be more secretive in the future. While the compulsion to monitor their online exchanges is understandable, you risk severing the trust between you and your child, which could end up making matters worse. Instead, you should encourage your young one to tell you if they have any concerns about the way they are being treated online. 5. Teach them that the Internet is forever: Young people can say some pretty nasty things to one another at times. Sometimes, this is because they don’t fully grasp the gravity of what they are saying, and other times it’s because they haven’t truly considered the consequences. It’s pivotal that parents teach them that there is no such thing as a throwaway comment on the Internet and that their words could go on to cause resounding damage to their reputation. 6. Emphasise the importance of talking: Parents should ensure that their children know who they can talk to if they become aware of someone being cyberbullied (i.e. they witness or participate in the sharing of harmful content online). Tackling cyber safety can feel like an insurmountable task for some parents. Oftentimes, our efforts to keep our loved ones safe are met with resentment and can be quickly undermined. Nevertheless, as cyberbullying becomes increasingly pervasive, vigilant risk management and appropriate parental intervention are becoming more and more essential. Other Key Takeaways For Parents: • You can’t help if you’re not aware, so try to watch out for tell-tale signs that your child is being cyberbullied, or perhaps even bullying others online • If you suspect that your child is being cyberbullied, try to find a good time to ask them about it. If you just demand that they hand over their phone, or forbid them from using certain apps or devices, you risk eroding the trust that your child has with you. • In some instances it might be necessary to keep evidence of the cyberbullying your child is experiencing (i.e. screenshots of unsolicited messages or images) in case it needs to be escalated to the school or local authorities. • It’s important to openly communicate with your child about the importance of online safety. If kids are taught about the importance of proper online etiquette, it could prevent them from inadvertently partaking in the act of cyberbullying. At Family Insights we understand that tackling cyber safety can be challenging, which is why we have created innovative new Parental Support software with customisable control settings. However, we also understand that actively monitoring your teenager’s online interactions can result in an erosion of trust, so our software isn’t designed to monitor content; but rather it analyses network interactions, establishes and detects potential risks, and alerts you to any concerning behavioural pattern changes. This way, you can preserve your child’s online safety, while also preserving your child’s trust. If you’re a concerned parent, or if you’re seeking advice on how to support someone who has been the victim of cyberbullying, you can utilise local resources and support units such as iParentBlack Dog Institute, or Bullystoppers. If you are being cyberbullied, or suspect that someone that you know is being cyberbullied, you can contact Kids Helpline at any time for support and advice on what to do. New Call-to-action [1] Copeland, W. E., Wolke, D., Angold, A., & Costello, E. J. (2013). Adult Psychiatric Outcomes of Bullying and Being Bullied by Peers in Childhood and Adolescence. JAMA Psychiatry,70(4), 419. doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.504 [4] Mitchell, K. J., Ybarra, M., & Finkelhor, D. (2007). The Relative Importance of Online Victimization in Understanding Depression, Delinquency, and Substance Use. Child Maltreatment,12(4), 314-324. doi:10.1177/1077559507305996 [5] Munro, E. R. (2011). The protection of children online: a brief scoping review to identify vulnerable groups (United Kingdom, Department for Education, The Child Wellbeing Research Centre). [6] Ortega, R., Elipe, P., Mora-Merchán, J. A., Calmaestra, J., & Vega, E. (2009). The Emotional Impact on Victims of Traditional Bullying and Cyberbullying. Zeitschrift für Psychologie / Journal of Psychology,217(4), 197-204. doi:10.1027/0044-3409.217.4.197 [7] Osgood, M. (2013, October 16). Research shows, most parents are unaware of kids’ cyberbullying. [8] Rigby, K. (2003). Consequences of Bullying in Schools. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry,48(9), 583-590. doi:10.1177/070674370304800904 [9] Spears, B., Slee, P., Owens, L., & Johnson, B. (2009). Behind the Scenes and Screens. Zeitschrift für Psychologie / Journal of Psychology,217(4), 189-196. doi:10.1027/0044-3409.217.4.189 Related Articles
Sugar or dietary sugars have been under scrutiny for years. Sugars have been blamed for causing everything from cavities to obesity and a lot of conditions in between. Here are the facts about sugars to help you decide how to sensibly incorporate sugars into your diet. Not All Sugars Are the Same People often think that the word sugar means table sugar. It does, but it also refers to many other types of sugars, too, including, fructose, galactose, glucose, lactose, maltose, and sucrose. These sugars are found naturally in fruits, vegetables, and dairy products and in such foods like honey, molasses, and maple syrup. Sugars also are extracted from their sources to produce ingredients such as table sugar. This can include sugars from corn such as corn syrup or high fructose corn syrup as well as the sources for table sugar such as sugar beets or sugar cane. Many sugars are used to sweeten or preserve other food products. The human body cannot tell the difference between sugars that come from foods naturally or those that are added to foods. Once eaten all are broken down by the body to produce energy and metabolic building blocks. Most commonly used sugars contain glucose, which is the only fuel used by the brain and the primary fuel used by working muscles. Dental Cavities are Caused by Bacteria Not sugars, sugars and cooked starches (e.g., bread, pasta, crackers, and chips) are ferment-able carbohydrates that contribute to the risk for dental cavities. In the absence of proper oral hygiene, bacteria present on the teeth can break down sugars and cooked starches to produce acid and without proper dental hygiene can eventually lead to dental cavities. The degree of risk from a carbohydrate-rich food is related to several factors such as how often the foods are consumed and the amount of time these foods remain on the teeth. However, risk can be decreased through several practices, the most important being proper oral hygiene and the use of fluoridated toothpaste and fluoridated water. Also important in reducing the risk of cavities is eating a balanced diet in line with current dietary guidelines. Sugars Do Not Cause Obesity Diabetes and Other Serious Diseases Sugars have a long history of safe use in foods. In addition, many health aspects of sugars have been periodically examined by independent scientists. The totality of the data does not single out sugars as a dietary risk factor for chronic diseases, such as diabetes, heart disease, and obesity. Since 1997, no fewer than five leading scientific and health organizations including the Food and Agriculture Organization, World Health Organization, the Institute of Medicine, and the American Dietetic Association have all concluded that dietary sugars are not associated with causing illness or chronic diseases, including obesity. Sugars Do Not Cause Hyperactivity Although the medical and scientific communities long ago concluded that sugars are not responsible for hyperactivity in children, many parents and teachers still believe that sugar affects children’s behavior. When studies are done where the observers do not know which children were given sugar and which were not (double-blind studies) no differences in “hyperactivity” are found. The Institute of Medicine reviewed more than 23 studies conducted over a 12-year period and concluded that sugar intake does not affect hyperactivity in children. Although it is true that a poor diet—one low in nutrients and energy— can lead to poor test performance, it is not true that restricting any single food or any single food ingredient will improve behavior. In fact, some studies have shown the opposite to be true: across all age groups, consuming small amounts of sugar has been shown to boost performance on tests of mental abilities and staying on task. Sugar Is Not “Addictive” We are genetically inclined to like sweet foods and for good reasons mother’s milk is sweet; sweet-tasting foods such as berries are safe and nutritious foods while bitter substances often are poisonous; and glucose, which tastes sweet, is the only fuel that the brain can use. Without a “taste” for sweets, our ancestors would not have survived. Today, even though most people can easily find the food sources they need for survival, we still are genetically inclined to like and enjoy sweet foods. This does not, however, mean that these foods are “addictive”. Drugs of abuse are addictive in a way that individuals crave the substance and abuse it without control due to induced physiological changes in the brain. Food sustains life while these drugs do not. Eliminating Sugars From Your Diet Is Not Necessary in Order to Lose Weight As sugars are ingredients in favorite foods it may be natural to suspect that they have a role in contributing to over-consumption and increased body weight. The truth is that many epidemiologic studies (studies that look at what large groups of people are eating and their health status) have shown that high sucrose (sugar) diets are not linked to higher body weight or higher body mass index (BMI). In fact, high sugar intakes are often linked to lower BMI. Several studies have found that as the percent of sugar in the diet increases, body weight, and BMI decrease. In its 2002 report on dietary carbohydrates and sugars, the Institute of Medicine noted that for both children and adults, higher intakes of sugars tend to be associated with lower BMI or obesity. Studies also have examined whether diets high in sugars make losing weight more difficult. When compared to a weight-loss diet high in complex carbohydrates, a weight-loss diet high in sugars resulted in similar weight loss amounts with no effect on dieters’ moods, concentration, or hunger levels. In addition, both weight loss groups experienced similar improvements in their blood pressure levels and plasma lipid levels. What matters for weight management is total caloric intake balanced with physical activity, not one specific food or type of food. Sugar The Bitter Truths Recommended Posts Start typing and press Enter to search Would You Give Your Child a Bowl of Sugar for Breakfast?What You May Think Following Chemotherapy for Cancer
Many people are supportive of using patient data to improve health care and research, but feel they should be asked to give permission first – they would prefer an opt-in or a consent-based system. As the new national data opt-out policy begins to be implemented soon, we set out the difference between these approaches and explain why an opt-out is the preferred approach. As part of her review into the security and use of NHS data in 2016, the National Data Guardian examined what the most appropriate model for collecting and using patient data across the NHS system would be. After careful consideration, she recommended that an opt-out model be introduced, rather than one based on an opt-in or consent. It’s helpful to be clear on the differences between these approaches: System Choice Examples Informed consent Detailed information given and opportunity for discussion. Person provides clear and affirmative action to allow data to be collected and used. Clinical trials Opt-in Person has to actively sign-up for data to be collected and used. Subscribing to a mailing list Opt-out Data will be collected and used automatically unless person actively dissents. Electoral roll open register, organ donation in Wales Doesn’t Data Protection law mean I have to give consent for the data to be used? It is often assumed that processing of personal data is only possible if the individual has given consent for this to happen. In fact, there are several possible lawful bases for processing personal data, and consent is only one. See our previous blog on GDPR for an introduction to the new data protection law and what it means for patient data. For many purposes, consent will not be a necessary requirement under data protection law for the data to be used. These include providing healthcare, conducting audits, commissioning services, and undertaking scientific research, provided several conditions about protecting data subjects are met. Isn’t consent the most ethical approach? At first glance, gaining informed consent for every use of personal data looks like an ethically sound approach as it puts patients in complete control. It is certainly the right model for research studies such as clinical trials that require active and ongoing participation. However, relying on informed consent for all potential uses of data from patient records would place a disproportionately high burden on patients. From previous research in public dialogues, we’ve found that people initially want to be asked for consent for each instance of data use. But talking through what this means in practice often puts them off the idea, as it’d require frequent contact and engagement that could feel like a hassle. Alternatively, a data collector could be upfront about all the possible ways the data could be used and seek consent for this broad range all at once. We are all familiar with long terms and conditions that do precisely this. They may in principle be fully informing people, but it is arguable that such “tick and click” consent is not really ‘informed’ and is rather meaningless in practice. This illustrates what happens when too much weight is placed on consent as a mechanism for fulfilling ethical responsibilities towards people’s data. It is not a model that we should hold up as a gold standard for patient data. Why not use an opt-in? An opt-in also relies on a person actively indicating that data about them can be used, but is generally “lighter touch” than an informed consent approach. There are scientific and practical arguments against using an opt-in model for using patient data collected across the healthcare system. For population health research, good coverage across the entire population is essential to ensure that analysis and findings from the data are accurate, unbiased and representative. With an opt-in model, only the most engaged people who actively take steps to opt-in will be included in the data. Everyone else – including those who are busy coping with their or their loved ones’ health conditions – would be invisible in the analysis. We may also miss the whole story about a health condition, because the data would reflect only a small, selective portion of the population. In some cases there are statistical ways to adjust for missing data, but it is much harder to be sure the research is accurate for different groups if the data is not fully representative. In contrast, an opt-out system is likely to lead to higher coverage across the population, as it allows the default assumption to be that people are happy for their data to be used. It is likely that relatively few people will actively take steps to opt-out. This is particularly helpful in a diverse population such as the UK, where understanding health differences between, for example, different ethnicities can be an important tool for better prevention, diagnosis and treatment. What would make an opt-out justifiable? An opt-out allows people to express a choice, so that if they do object to their confidential patient information being used to improve health, care and services through research and planning, they can say so. But it also ensures that if people don’t express this choice, the data can be used, subject to safeguards and controls on its use. An opt-out system might therefore be the best approach for population health provision and research. This is the conclusion that the National Data Guardian reached after her review. This does not mean that an opt-out system implemented on its own is a panacea for public confidence. If the healthcare system is going to ask that people have trust in the use of patient data, then transparency, accountability, and a strong case for the public and social benefits of using the data are vital. In the UK, we do have well-established mechanisms to fulfil these requirements, such as IGARD and CAG. These independent review committees can: • provide expert advice on the scientific merit of proposed data uses • assess ethical acceptability • assess risks • determine whether the proposed use is in the public interest, and • vet the people and organisations that wish to use data. They therefore take on some of the ethical responsibility for the data that patients would otherwise individually have to manage in a consent or opt-in based system. With the national opt-out available, it will be important that: • It provides a meaningful, easily accessible choice, together with clear information so that people can be well-informed about the choice they’re making. • Patients are not disadvantaged in their care if they decide to opt out. • There is good, robust governance for the uses of data. This includes independent oversight and the ability to audit, to ensure data is only ever used in approved ways. • Patients can find out about how data is being used in practice. • Anyone permitted to use the data is punished if they are found to break the rules. • The data is accurate and useful, maximising its value for helping to improve the health and care of the population from which it was gathered. Taken together and implemented effectively, these steps will help ensure an opt-out approach is more useful, ethical and respectful of patients’ rights than a consent or opt-in system for using patient data. Find out more about the national data opt-out
EPA limits reach of toxic chemical evaluationsEarlier this year, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported more than 45,000 people have died in the United States alone from malignant mesothelioma from 1999 to 2015. Even more alarming was the fact young people continued to be exposed despite increased regulations limiting how and where asbestos can be used. In the report, the CDC concluded the continued exposure of people 55 and older “might result from occupational exposure to asbestos fibers during maintenance activities, demolition and remediation of existing asbestos in structures, installations, and buildings if controls are insufficient to protect workers.” Despite evidence that existing asbestos is continuing to create health problems for Americans, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is reneging on promises to evaluate some of the most dangerous chemicals used by the public, including millions of tons of asbestos found in consumer products, buildings, vehicles, etc. “Instead of following President Barack Obama’s proposal to look at chemicals already in widespread use that result in some of the most common exposures, the new administration wants to limit the review to products still being manufactured and entering the marketplace,” the Associated Press reports. “For asbestos, that means gauging the risks from just a few hundred tons of the material imported annually while excluding almost all of the estimated 8.9 million tons of asbestos-containing products that the U.S. Geological Survey said entered the marketplace between 1970 and 2016.” Contrary to popular belief, asbestos is still legal in the United States. The EPA website contains a list of products containing asbestos that are not banned: pipeline wrap, clothing, brake blocks, gaskets, cement pipe and roof coatings. While the review would include those asbestos products that are still being manufactured, it would not include any information on asbestos-containing products that are no longer made but are still in use. By not including any preexisting materials in new handling or disposal rules, the hope of a complete asbestos ban, as is currently underway in Canada, is almost non-existent, and people will continue to die from completely preventable asbestos-related diseases, including lung cancer and mesothelioma. Originally, the EPA touted the evaluation as the delivery on “a promise to better protect public health and the environment,” but unfortunately this backtracking has left that promise empty. The chemical industry has shown it continues to place profit over people’s health, and the government continues to fail to truly protect its citizen from asbestos exposure. * * * For more information about asbestos-related diseases such as mesothelioma, and how they may be linked to product liability claims, contact Rhon Jones, head of Beasley Allen’s Toxic Torts section, at 800-898-2034 or Rhon.Jones@beasleyallen.com. Sources: The Associated Press, EPA, CDC We're here to help! Fields marked * may be required for submission. Continuing the battle with Big Pharma
Month of October – Breast Cancer Awareness 2020 Month of October – Breast Cancer Awareness 2020 All of us need to come together, understand, and spread the word that breast cancer awareness can save countless lives Each year people and organizations around the world come together to celebrate October as breast cancer awareness month in order to instil awareness in people and in a hope to better prepare them against this dangerous disease. Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers prevalent in women around the world and claims countless lives each year due to uninformed decisions. The thing about cancers is that these are extremely dangerous if left untreated and in one way or another leave lifelong effects for people, if not causing death. One should understand that there is nothing more important than diagnosing cancer early especially when it comes to managing complex tumors. Benign growths and Cancers For those of you who don’t know about cancers, there are two types of neoplastic growths that can occur in your body i.e. benign or cancerous. Benign growths are not dangerous, don’t grow rapidly, don’t invade structures, and these don’t metastasize. Many times surgeons don’t even recommend removing these growths but when it comes to dealing with cancerous growths, the treatment protocol is quite different. The five year survival rate The prognosis of each cancer treatment is determined by the survival rate of the cancer patient. Surgeons by looking at multiple pre-operative and postoperative factors, determine whether the patient will successfully live through upcoming five years or not. The five year survival rate highly impacts the decision making and treatment procedures. Cancer with a low survival rate can be associated with poor prognosis and subsequent dangers. Likewise, cancer with a high survival rate can be linked with a good prognosis and elevated quality of life. Mesothelioma, pancreatic cancers, and brain cancers can be regarded as cancers with low survival rate and thyroid cancer, testicular cancer, and melanoma of skin are the cancers with a high survival rate. The time factor We shared all of this information with you so that you can better understand that time is of essence here and plays a great role in determining the outcome of this disease. Cancers progress by stages and with each stage they become more and more dangerous, making it harder for doctors and healthcare professionals to treat and save lives. Breast cancer awareness Authorities like centers for disease control and prevention (CDC) and World health Organization (WHO) have been asking people around the world for years to play a role in breast cancer awareness. You should learn from your doctor how to take a breast exam yourself. There are many videos and tutorials available online too which can help you learn the techniques and spots to look for. Self-breast exam should always be learned and performed first under supervision and then alone so that you can know if you are doing it right. Being a woman is a symbol of courage and toughness but still the society needs to take care of them by acknowledging their health problems and acting proactively. Display of Pink People around the world wear pink color, light buildings in pink, and display the pink color in the whole month of October to raise awareness. If people are aware of this disease, they will regularly get a check-up and ultimately end up saving themselves and their loved ones. Remember, it’s treatable… Breast cancer diagnosis There are a lot of ways through which breast cancer diagnosis is made. However, often it is a combination of all these medical and radiographic aids that helps make the final decision. Because this disease can vary and may present differently in particular individuals, it becomes extremely important to use all the methods available. Doctors may use a breast exam initially to look for any lumps, swollen nodes, or any fixed mass under the skin on breast area. Next step usually would be to take mammogram (X-ray of breast) so as to look for any abnormality. Moving on, the healthcare professional usually advices breast ultrasound to look for deep structures and solid mass or cyst. Finally, the most definite way of confirming the diagnosis is performing a biopsy. It might be an excisional biopsy or an incisional one where the doctor takes a very little part of the abnormal growth and sends it to the lab for histopathology. There the cells are examined and it is determined whether the disease is a cancerous growth or a benign one. Further, CT scan and MRI can be advised to check the extent of the spread. Breast cancer treatment In order to tackle and manage cancers, you need proper diagnosis, adequate treatment planning involving radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and surgical excisions. Most of the time breast cancers are managed by the combination of these three treatment procedures. Breast cancer treatment can vary depending on stage, spread, area, quadrant, and other patient factors. A woman is a mother, a daughter, a wife, a sister, and has countless other roles in our society. So let’s spread this message far and wide so that every woman knows and is aware about breast cancer. Related Products Related Articles
+ 61-7-5641-0117 Our Rating 4.9 out of 5 based on 15243 Votes assignment help submit now plagiarism checker Essay on A Doll’s House by MyAssignmentHelp A Doll’s House A Doll’s House also called A Doll House is a three-act play written by Norwegian author Henrik Ibsen. The play was performed for the very first time on 21 December 1879. It was published earlier that month only. The play was and is still considered very significant in the modern world because it deals with the life and fate of a married woman, who lived in a male-dominated world. Women, at that time in Norway, lacked reasonable opportunities in their lives. Since the play is based on such a topic, it gave rise to quite a sensation when it was published. Subjects such as this one were considered taboo at the time and therefore, the novel aroused a great deal of controversy not just in the theatre world but way beyond that too. The play deals with the story of Nora Helmer awakening from her domestic life of wifely comfort. Summary Essay of A Doll’s House: The play begins at the time of Christmas. In the first scene, Nora Helmer enters her home. She is carrying some packages. When she arrives, her husband Torvald is working in his study. He criticizes Nora for spending such a great amount of money on buying presents for Christmas and calls her his “little squirrel”. He teases and reminds her of how the last year, she had worked for weeks preparing gifts and jewellery by her own hands because they had limited money. The readers are told that Torvald, Nora’s has just been promised that he will be promoted to the post of manager of the bank. He will supposedly have a higher wage at this new post and will be more powerful. Therefore, Nora feels that she can afford to spend some money this year. The maid comes in and announces the arrival of two visitors: Dr. Rank, who is a close friend of the family and Mrs. Kristine Linde, an old friend of Nora’s and has to come to pay her a visit seeking employment. Dr. Rank is let into the study. The readers come to know about the life of Kristine. She is going through a rough patch of life ever since her husband died and left him no money at all or any children, for that matter. Nora tells her that her life has been rocky too. They have also not had any great money. She tells her that Torvald had got sick and therefore, they had to travel to Italy for his recovery. Kristine tells her that when her mother was sick, she had to take care of her brothers. Then, at least she had something to do. Now that her brothers have grown up, she has nothing to do and her life is “unspeakably empty”. When Nora learns all about the poor life Kristine has been leading for the past few years, she tells her that she will talk to Torvald about finding a job for her. Kristine, in a very gentle manner, tells her that she is like a child. But instead of feeling good, Nora takes offence at this remark of Kristine’s. she flaunts the fact that she got money from an admirer of hers and then they were able to travel to Italy for the treatment of her husband. She had told her husband that she got the money from her father. But in fact, she had illegally borrowed the money from a man without his knowledge. She had to do so because women could not do anything economical without their husband. They could not even sign checks without their husbands. Ever since she had borrowed the money, she was saving money to pay it off. Now that she knows about the promotion that her husband is promised, she is thrilled because she feels that she has a real chance of paying off the loan and getting rid of the worries. At this moment, Krogstad, who works at a lower level at the same bank in which Torvald works, arrives at his house and goes into the study. Nora is not happy to see him. When he goes into the study, Doctor Rank comes out. he tells Nora that he feels wretched. He says that the man who had just come in the study is morally diseased and corrupt and is displeasing. After some time, Torvald comes out of the study. Nora enquires whether or not he can give Kristine a job at the bank. Torvald seems to be very positive about it. He even says that it is a very lucky moment for Kristine as a new position has just become available. After this, Torvald, Kristine and Dr. Rank leave the house and leave Nora alone in the house. The nanny arrives at the house along with the children. Nora plays with the children and then, she is disturbed as Torvald creeps into the living room and catches her by surprise. Krogstad tells Nora that her husband, Torvald, is thinking about firing him from his position at the bank. He asks her to talk to Torvald about allowing him to keep his job. When she refuses, she is threatened by Krogstad about the loan that she had taken for her trip to Italy. Krogstad knows that she had obtained the loan by forging her father’s signature. He says that he will reveal her secret to Torvald and leaves. When Torvald returns, Nora requests him to not fire Krogstad but he doesn’t get convinced. He says that Krogstad is a hypocrite and calls him a liar. He tells her that Krogstad had committed a huge crime. He had forged someone’s name. He says that he feels physically ill in the presence of a man who can poison his own children with lies and dissimulation. Kristine and Torvald plan to attend a costume function. She has arrived at the house to help Nora repair a dress for the same function. The function is to take place tomorrow. After some time, Torvald returns home from the bank. Nora again pleads him to reinstate Krogstad at the bank. She claims to be worried that if Torvald does not do so, Krogstad will publish some articles containing false information meant to tarnish the reputation of Torvald and ruin his entire career. Torvald does not give much attention to her fears. He says that although Krogstad was a decent worker and he had turned his life around, he deserved to be fired because he is not polite enough to him in front of the other employees. He then goes to his study to work. Dr. Rank arrives at the scene. Nora says that she needs a favour from him. But he does not respond to this statement. He tells her that he entered the terminal stage of tuberculosis of the spine and that he has always been secretly in love with her. Nora tries her best to deny the first revelation made by Rank. She is more disturbed by the second revelation of his about his secret love for her. She tells him that she does not love him like he loves her but loves him dearly as a friend. Krogstad gets fired by Torvald and is desperate. He arrives at the house. Nora somehow sends Dr. Rank into Torvald’s study so that he does not see Krogstad. Krogstad tells Nora that he does not care about the remaining amount that Nora is supposed to pay him back. He says that he is going to use this remaining amount to strongarm Torvald into not only keeping him at the bank but also promoting him. Nora tells him that she has tried all that she could in order to persuade her husband, but he does not change his mind no matter what. Krogstad informs Nora that he has already written a letter in which he has described her crime in detail and also put it in the mailbox of Torvald, which is locked. Nora tells Kristine about her miserable situation. Kristine tells her that she had a relationship with Krogstad before marriage. She assures her that she will try to convince him to back off. At this moment, Torvald enters and tries to retrieve his mail. Worried that he’ll find the letter written by Krogstad, she distracts him by asking him to help her with the dance that she has been trying to prepare for the costume party. She even fakes anxiety. She intentionally dances so childishly and badly that Torvald ends up agreeing to spend the whole evening coaching her. All the others go to dinner but Nora stays behind for a few minutes. She thinks about committing suicide for the fear of revelation of her crime and the shame that it will bring upon her husband. Kristine meets Krogstad and tells him that she did not love her husband. She only married him because she needed means to support her sick mother and her siblings. She tells him that she has returned now and offers him her love again. She genuinely believes that he has only stooped to unethical behaviour because he was devastated by her abandonment and because he was in financial crisis. Krogstad changes his mind about giving the letter to Torvald but now Kristine decides that Nora’s husband should know the truth for the sake of their marriage. Torvald almost drags Nora home to the party and goes to check his mail but he is interrupted by Dr. Rank, who has followed the couple. Dr. Rank stays around for and chats for a while and conveys to Nora that it’s a final goodbye because he knows that his death is near. After he leaves, Torvald finally retrieves his letters. Nora tries to steel to take her life. Torvald confronts Nora with Krogstad’s letter. He is very angry and says that he has to meet all the demands of Krogstad and be quiet about the affair. He gets very angry over Nora and tells her that she is an immoral woman and that she is not fit to raise their children. He even says that their marriage from now on, their marriage will only be limited to appearances. At this moment, a maid enters and delivers a letter to Nora. The letter is from Krogstad and is addressed to Nora, but Torvald demands that he reads the letter. He takes it from Nora. Torvald expresses elation that he is saved as the letter contains the incriminating bond. He burns that bond with the letters. He also takes back all the harsh words that he had said to his wife and he forgives her. Because of all this, Nora comes to the realization that his husband is not the brave man that she used to think he is and he loves himself way more than he loves her. Nora has this sense of betrayal and because of it, she decides to leave him. She tells him about this in a confrontational scene. She feels that both of them have become strangers to each other. She says that she feels absolutely devastated by his reaction to this Krogstad scandal and she needs to get away to understand herself. She is absolutely shattered. She feels that she has lost her religion and tells him that she feels like she has been treated like a doll for her whole life, first by her father and then by Torvald. Torvald is worried about what will be the impact of this on his family reputation. Therefore, he asks Nora to keep fulfilling her responsibilities as a wife and as a mother. She says that she also holds responsibilities to herself and they are equally important. She cannot be a good mother or a good wife if she is just a plaything. She even tells him that she was contemplating committing suicide because she thought he would want to sacrifice his reputation for hers. She has come to realize that their marriage was built on just misunderstandings and mutual fantasies. Torvald is at a loss in this situation. He does not understand the point of view of Nora at all, because it is exactly the opposite of what he has been taught about the female mind all his life. He is so narcissistic and self-centred that he just cannot understand how he appears as selfish and more concerned with public reputation than with morality. Nora puts down the keys, leaves and slams the door behind. Torvald cannot understand what has happened and begins to cry. Whether or not Nora comes back is not made clear.
View Cart Book has been added to your cart. What is Mindfulness? What is Mindfulness? Due to the recent widespread media coverage on the far-reaching health benefits of mindfulness, misconceptions about the practice have become common as it has moved from spiritual to secular realms. So what is the reality? And how can this one thing have such a dramatic impact on so many people, in so many areas of their lives? This book aims to demystify the confusions that often get in the way of mindfulness training, and help readers get to grips with it in a way they can put to optimal use in their daily lives. After an insightful introduction about why the subject of mindfulness is so worth exploring, each chapter then addresses a key question: What does mindfulness really mean and what are its benefits? How does it actually work? Where does mindfulness come from and how has it developed through the years? How can I get the most from it? What are the key tools to develop it? And finally, what are the future possibilities for society as a whole with mindfulness? As such, this book brings readers on an exploratory journey through the fascinating world of mindfulness, giving us a deeper understanding of what it means to live mindfully, revealing the depth of its capacity to enhance our everyday lives, and in turn helping us to lead more connected, aware and contented lives. Read more Show less US$ 17.99 Book Author Tamara Russell Genre Self Help Large Print 16 Pt Edition (Standard Large Print) Watkins Publishing Age Range Not Rated Approximate delivery 10 - 15 Days (?) Publication Date Related Books in purchased.
science \| October 28, 2013 Adam Alter On Why We Have A Hard Time Understanding Value Why do humans have a hard time assigning the proper monetary value to certain items? Fine art, say—or beer, or even Coca-Cola. In a popular New Yorker blog post, Adam Alter, bestselling author of Drunk Tank Pink, looks into this quirk. In Manhattan recently, the artist Banksy asked an anonymous elderly man to sell original artworks on his behalf. The paintings ended up selling for far less than they would have had buyers known that they were authentic Banksys. (They went for hundreds of dollars, not the millions that Banksy have been known to fetch). “What makes Banksy’s subversive stunt so compelling,” Alter writes, “is that it forces us to acknowledge how incoherently humans derive value.” Stories and context play a greater role than we imagine. Why does the price of something vary so drastically when one piece of information is added? The way unseen forces change our behavior is something Alter explores in Drunk Tank Pink, which chronicles the power of environmental cues, such as the color of a room, to shape our decision-making process. (Malcolm Gladwell recently cited the book as one of his favorites this year.) Alter explains that pricing art is difficult because it is “inherently inevaluable.” Here’s what he means: In his keynotes, Alter offers a groundbreaking look into the complex relationship between environmental features and our thoughts, feelings, and actions. To book Adam Alter as a speaker for your next event, contact The Lavin Agency Speakers Bureau. Watch the video of Banksy's art sale experiment: Up Next innovation \| October 22, 2013
Home > Exhibition > Content Optics Basics knowledge Jul 26, 2017 In the super telephoto lens, the APO lens is almost synonymous with high-end lenses. APO, is the abbreviation of English apochromatic, meaning "compound achromatic". The so-called fluorite lens, ad glass, ud glass, Ed Glass, in the final analysis, are to achieve the APO technology used in the special optical materials. The achromatic lens is a lens which can eliminate chromatic aberration of a plurality of colours (more than two kinds). Achromatic lenses (chromatic) can only be used to eliminate color difference between two colours. LED linear high bay.jpg Dispersion: the refractive index of the optical material is not only related to the physical properties of the material itself, but also to the wavelength of the light. The same optical material, the shorter the wavelength, the higher the refractive index. Specifically, the same kind of optical glass, green light than red refractive index, and blue light than green refractive index high. Different optical materials tend to have different dispersion. If a material has a large refractive index change as the wavelength changes, we would say that the material is "high dispersion". Conversely, it is called "low dispersion". In general, the refractive index of the material is represented by NE (the refractive index of the material to the green e-light), and the relative dispersion of the material is represented by the Abbe ve= (ne-1)/(NF-NC). The higher the number of Abbe, the smaller the dispersion. In the formula, the second letter is subscript, indicating the wavelength of the corresponding spectral line of the Fraunhofer. F is red light, E is green, C is blue. Each of the Fraunhofer and Fermi lines has a fixed wavelength, thus becoming a standard wavelength in optical design. Chromatic aberration: From the geometrical optics principle, the lens is equivalent to a monolithic convex lens. The focal length of the convex lens is related to the curvature on both sides of the mirror and the refractive index of the glass. If the lens shape is fixed, it is only related to the refractive index of the lens material! Because optical materials are coloured, the same lens, for red light, has a slightly longer focal length of one points; for Blu-ray, the focal length is slightly shorter. This is called "chromatic aberration". With the chromatic aberration of the lens, specifically there are a few shortcomings: 1. Because of the different focal length, the point can not be well focused into a perfect image point, so the image blur; 2. Similarly, due to different shades of light focal length, so the magnification is different, the edge of the screen part of the light and Shade junction will have the edge of the rainbow. LED strip fixtures lamps.jpg Achromatic: The use of different refractive index, different color of the glass combination, can eliminate the color difference. For example, using low refractive index, low dispersion glass as a convex lens, using high refractive index, high dispersion glass to make concave, and then glue the two together. In order to make the two bonding is still equivalent to a convex lens, the former (Convex lens) diopter is larger, the latter (concave) diopter is smaller. We analyze the effect of this pair of dual-bonding mirrors on different wavelengths of light: for longer wavelengths of light, because of the large dispersion of concave materials, that is, the refractive index varies with the wavelength, the refractive index is smaller than the intermediate wavelength, the convex lens plays a big role, and the long wavelength end of the double For shorter wavelengths of light, because the concave dispersion is large, that is, the refractive index with the wavelength change large, so the refractive index is larger, concave plays a large divergence, the dual-bonding mirror short wavelength end focal length is also too long. * The conclusion is as follows: the focal length of the two-bonding mirror is shorter, the length of long wavelength and short-wave light is longer. Obviously, the middle wavelength is a valley, and it has a much smaller focus around it! The design of a reasonable choice of lens curvature, double bonding mirror material, you can make blue light, red focal length is exactly equal, this basically eliminates the chromatic aberration. The residual chromatic aberration for wide angle to Energizer lens, already very small, therefore, also satisfies the lens achromatic requirement. Second-class spectrum: The lens of the achromatic color increases with the light wavelength, the focal length increases monotonically, the chromatic aberration is very big. The focal length of the achromatic lens decreases with the wavelength first and then increases, and the chromatic aberration is very small. Achromatic lens residual chromatic aberration is called "Class two Spectrum"! The change of focal length of different shade caused by the second-order spectrum is not less than 2 per thousand of focal length, that is, the longer the lens focal length, the more can not meet the requirements. When the quality of the lens is high, the two-level spectrum of the telephoto lens can not be neglected! In order to further eliminate the effect of two-level spectrum on lens quality, the technology of complex achromatic chromatic aberration was introduced. Complex achromatic: It can be imagined that if a material with wavelength change in the refractive index of the value can be arbitrarily controlled, then we will be able to design excellent difference everywhere fully compensated, thus completely without chromatic aberration of the lens! Unfortunately, the dispersion of materials can not be arbitrarily controlled, and the available optical materials are so limited a number of species! We take a step back, if the visible band can be divided into blue-green, green-red two intervals, and these two zones can be applied achromatic technology, two-level spectrum can be basically eliminated! But, unfortunately, the calculation proved that if the green light and red color achromatic, then the blue color will become very large, if the blue and green light achromatic, then the red color will become very big! Seems to have walked into a dead end, the stubborn two-level spectrum seems to have no way to eliminate! Fortunately, the theoretical calculation is a way to eliminate chromatic aberration. It has been found that if the low refractive index material of the convex lens is produced, the relative chromatic aberration of the green light is exactly the same as that of the concave high refractive index material, then the color difference of the green light is eliminated after the chromatic aberration of the blue and red. This theory points out the correct way to realize the chromatic aberration, that is to find a special optical material, its relative dispersion of red light should be very low, and Blu-ray to the green part of the relative dispersion should be very high and a certain kind of high dispersion material same! Fluorite is such a special material that its dispersion is very low (the number of Abbe is up to 95.3), while some relative dispersion is close to many optical glass! Fluorescent (i.e. calcium fluoride, molecular CaF2) refractive index is relatively low (nd=1.4339), slightly soluble in water (0.0016g/100g water), machinability and chemical stability is poor, but because of its excellent achromatic performance, make it a valuable optical material! Nature can be used for optical materials of pure bulk fluorite very few, so fluorite * is used only in the microscope. Although the focal length of the microscope lens is very short, the two-level spectrum is still a headache due to the large image spacing and high resolution requirements. Since the production of fluorite artificial crystallization process, the advanced Super telephoto lens in the fluorite is almost indispensable materials, fluorite lenses almost become synonymous with high-end lenses! Because of the high price of fluorite, processing difficulties, optical companies have been spared no effort to find a substitute for fluorite. Fluorine coronal glass is one of them. The company so-called ad glass, Ed Glass, UD glass, often is such a substitute. Obviously, due to the high cost of complex achromatic materials, processing difficulties, very expensive, so can only be used in high-end lenses. Correspondingly, the other aspects of the design of these lenses must also match the price, are improving. However, if there is a relatively low price of the compound achromatic material, even if the performance is poor, it will enable them to use in the mid-range lens, improve the performance of these lenses. But, at least for now, the mid-range lens is not possible to use fluorite to do achromatic material! LED grow plant lights .jpg Low dispersion glass: The chromatic aberration produced by low dispersion glass is very small, so the residual chromatic aberration after achromatic is also relatively small, which is very beneficial to the improvement of lens quality. At the same time, in recent years, a series of high refractive index low dispersion glass (mainly lanthanum rare earth glass) is adopted, the lens quality is further improved. The high refractive index glass achieves the same refractive curvature of the lens smaller, so the various aberrations, especially the spherical aberration decrease, make the lens volume decrease, the structure is simplified, and the quality is improved. 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Zika Virus Last Updated on 2 years by Riaz Hassan Key facts • There is no specific treatment or vaccine currently available. • The best form of prevention is protection against mosquito bites. • Genre: Flavivirus • Vector: Aedes mosquitoes (which usually bite during the morning and late afternoon/evening hours) • Reservoir: Unknown Signs and Symptoms The incubation period (the time from exposure to symptoms) of Zika virus disease is not clear, but is likely to be a few days. The symptoms are similar to other arbovirus infections such as dengue, and include fever, skin rashes, conjunctivitis, muscle and joint pain, malaise, and headache. These symptoms are usually mild and last for 2-7 days. Potential complications of Zika virus disease Zika virus is transmitted to people through the bite of an infected mosquito from the Aedes genus, mainly Aedes aegypti in tropical regions. This is the same mosquito that transmits dengue, chikungunya and yellow fever. Zika virus disease outbreaks were reported for the first time from the Pacific in 2007 and 2013 (Yap and French Polynesia, respectively), and in 2015 from the Americas (Brazil and Colombia) and Africa (Cape Verde). In addition, more than 13 countries in the Americas have reported sporadic Zika virus infections indicating rapid geographic expansion of Zika virus. Infection with Zika virus may be suspected based on symptoms and recent history (e.g. residence or travel to an area where Zika virus is known to be present). Zika virus diagnosis can only be confirmed by laboratory testing for the presence of Zika virus RNA in the blood or other body fluids, such as urine or saliva. Mosquitoes and their breeding sites pose a significant risk factor for Zika virus infection. Prevention and control relies on reducing mosquitoes through source reduction (removal and modification of breeding sites) and reducing contact between mosquitoes and people. This can be done by using insect repellent; wearing clothes (preferably light-coloured) that cover as much of the body as possible; using physical barriers such as screens, closed doors and windows; and sleeping under mosquito nets. It is also important to empty, clean or cover containers that can hold water such as buckets, flower pots or tyres, so that places where mosquitoes can breed are removed. Special attention and help should be given to those who may not be able to protect themselves adequately, such as young children, the sick or elderly. Travelers should take the basic precautions described above to protect themselves from mosquito bites. Zika virus disease is usually relatively mild and requires no specific treatment. People sick with Zika virus should get plenty of rest, drink enough fluids, and treat pain and fever with common medicines. If symptoms worsen, they should seek medical care and advice. There is currently no vaccine available. Source: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/zika/en/ For further information on Zika Virus please visit http://www.cdc.gov/zika/ or http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/zika/en/
Septic Tank Details and Clarification Septic tanks are used whereby there is no usage of general public sewerage. They get and in part malfunction sewage from houses and office buildings which are not linked to mains discharge. They may be manufactured from concrete, bricks, prevents and, recently, plastic-type material and fiberglass. The plastic-type material and fiberglass models are the better option as being the tank materials is inert and not infected with the septic tank gasses. Septic tanks are installed below the ground and connected to the squander from home sinks, lavatories, toilet showers and washing machines. The ability of the tank varieties from 2700 Liters for a 2 bedroom house to 3500 Liters for a 5 room property, as well as the greatest sizing that the Surroundings Firm will permit is a septic tank for 15 folks. The solids and beverages are normally different out in the tank and the waste products type about three degrees. The topmost layer is known as the scum level which is composed of the fat, oils and floating debris. septic tank The middle level will be the water effluent and so the base level is definitely the resolved solids level in which the solids are kept. The water effluent midsection layer discharges to the strain-discipline or leach-industry. The outlet features a strain which leads to the empty industry. The liquefied that will go to the deplete-discipline is biologically consumed from the natural harmful bacteria which can be in the garden soil. Some of the scum as well as the resolved solids will also be slowly and gradually and steadily changed biologically with the very same bacteria and changed for the effluent portion or central coating. The remainder solids must be purged by tanker every year. The deplete-discipline dirt contains cardio exercise germs and anaerobic microorganisms. Cardio germs are microbes that require fresh air to survive although anaerobic germs don’t require air in order to survive. These organisms disintegrate the drain fieldPalm Beach County normal water and carbon dioxide that are gradually absorbed into the further adjoining soils. Septic systems release unsafe fumes which scent and which can be damaging towards the environment. They are the by-product or service from the breaking down of organics from the anaerobic microbes found in the tank.
Greenwashing: Why Sustainable Design Isn't Always What It Seems Posted on Sep 12, 2017, by Michael Eckert Sustainability has been shown to have a major impact on consumers’ purchasing decisions, leading some companies to work - and sometimes overwork - the ‘green angle’ into their marketing efforts. This means it has become increasingly difficult for designers to differentiate between truly sustainable products and materials, and those where the green claims have been exaggerated. This practice - of making exaggerated or misleading claims about the environmental benefits of a product - is known as 'greenwashing'. At best, greenwashing is used to make a company appear more 'green' or environmentally friendly than they are; at worst, it's a way to distract from other business practices that may actually be damaging the environment. Today we're looking at two increasingly prevalent examples of greenwashing, to help differentiate between exaggerated claims and truly sustainable design options. Biophilia: The Latest Design Trend to be Greenwashed What is Biophilic Design? Biophilic design is the practice of incorporating elements of nature into the built environment. In particular, it emphasises the benefits of natural light, access to greenery, and views of nature. Several studies have shown the benefits of biophilic design: for example, after incorporating aspects of biophilic design into the workplace, one study recorded an immediate 13% boost to wellbeing, and an 8% increase to productivity. Thanks to the tangible benefits it offers, biophilia is currently a hot trend for designers working with organizations looking to improve health and wellness for their employees, and to adopt a 'greener' stance. However, this has led some manufacturers to shoehorn biophilic ideas into their product marketing materials, or to over-state the 'green' element of their products. How to Spot Greenwashed Biophilia The central tenet to biophilic design is incorporating elements of nature in your design. The most common example of greenwashed biophilia is when the 'elements of nature' concept gets stretched to fit with whatever new product the company is launching. For instance, bringing plants and greenery into a commercial space by incorporating a living wall in your design is an example of true biophilic design. In contrast, selecting green carpet with a high pile height because it's 'reminiscent of grass' is clearly stretching the idea of 'natural elements' to its limit. Has Recycling Been Greenwashed Too? Another example of greenwashing centers around recycling. It's very common to see companies highlighting the amount of recycled material that goes into their products, as a way of emphasizing how 'green' their products are. However, with a bit of research about the company's manufacturing processes, you may find that their products aren't recyclable, or that they don't run a recycling scheme themselves. Much like greenwashed biophilia, this practice changes the sustainability narrative to fit the company's actions, conveniently glossing over the rest of the story. How to Avoid Falling for Greenwashing Spin With sustainable design growing in popularity and importance, your job as a designer is to specify the real deal: products from manufacturers who view sustainability as a priority, not just a marketing opportunity. Here are a couple of ways to identify truly sustainable products: • Look for a track record of sustainability - when it comes to greenwashing, many of the worst offenders are organizations without a strong history of sustainability. As a result, they make exaggerated claims to make their processes appear greener than they really are, to try and stand-out against more established competitors. • Look out for tenuous claims and measures - there's a big difference between companies sharing that they've 'reduced CO2 emissions by 30%', and saying they've 'developed a new, greener manufacturing process'. Vague claims that sound great are probably little more than wishful thinking combined with clever marketing. Sustainability is at the heart of good design, helping to create a space that looks fantastic, but also benefits the environment. While it's sensible to be cautious in the face of extravagant green claims, it's also worth remembering that for many manufacturers, sustainability really is a priority - just like it is for you and your clients. The A-Z of Health & Wellness in Interior Design Michael Eckert Written by Michael Eckert
The Truth About Probiotic Supplements How do you know if your probiotic supplement is giving you live, active cultures? When you open a jar of homemade fermented vegetables or a bottle of a Body Ecology fermented beverage, you can hear the activity. There is usually a pop, fizzing, and gurgling, and sometimes the contents overflow when pressure is released. You know that the microbes are alive. This isn’t the case with packaged probiotics. When a bacteria culture is ready to be marketed, two popular methods of processing are used: centrifuging and ultrafiltration. • Both methods separate the bacterial mass from its growth matrix and biofilm, which is the community that the bacteria build. • Both methods concentrate the mass of bacteria. Centrifugation crushes bacteria cells. Centrifugation is the most popular processing method because it is the easiest and least expensive way to create a probiotic product. • Bacteria and their entire biofilm community are placed in a centrifuge, and the switch is hit, throwing the bacteria against the sides of the centrifuge with incredible force. • The force of the centrifuge causes the cell walls of many bacteria to rupture. Sometimes processing kills them immediately, while other times the bacteria are injured. • The community of bacteria is destroyed. Ultrafiltration is less damaging than centrifugation. • Bacteria are put through a giant strainer. • This straining method does damage to the bacterial communities. • However, the fragile cell walls of the bacteria are left intact. The biggest issue with both of these processing methods is that the bacterial community, the biofilm, is completely destroyed. This community structure that the bacteria create protects the bacteria, nourishes them, and also houses anti-microbial byproducts. This means that when beneficial bacteria are stripped of their biofilm during processing, they are left naked and alone, unable to truly benefit the body and set up residence. It also means that they are less likely to survive the low pH of stomach acid as they move their way through the gastrointestinal tract. If the bacteria do survive their transit to the small and large intestine, they arrive significantly weakened and without the protection of their biofilm. When you drink a fermented beverage or eat cultured vegetables, you are sending strong and well-equipped beneficial microbes into your digestive tract. When you do not separate the good bacteria from the matrix they are growing in, they are completely supported in the digestive process. They also experience minimal damage because they are not subjected to mechanical processing. This means that they arrive in your intestinal tract, ready to take up residence immediately. The effect is noticeable. If you feel your probiotic capsule is having little effect, you may want to switch to cultured foods. (1) Very few store-bought cultured foods provide a significant amount of beneficial bacteria. Does store-bought yogurt really have the probiotic power that it claims? Unfortunately, many commercial yogurts are pasteurized after they’ve been fermented, which completely destroys all good bacteria. Most yogurts on the market today are sweetened. In order to prevent the bacteria from feeding on the fruit or added sweetener, a chemical is added to keep the live bacteria from coming into contact with the fruit. Think about it. What would that chemical do in the body? Additionally, several yogurts are still pasteurized after fermentation is complete. For the manufacturers, this ensures that no pathogenic microorganism is in the product and complies with their understanding of food safety. However, pasteurization of a fermented product like yogurt will also kill the beneficial microbiota. All of the health benefits gathered and researched about beneficial microorganisms are from living cultures. Fermentation enhances and preserves life force. Traditionally, fermentation was used as a storage system for foods. It prevented food from rotting so that it could be preserved and eaten at a later date. The friendly microflora in fermented foods enhance the number of enzymes and produce valuable micronutrients. Fermented foods also: • Allow the digestive tract to safely and easily assimilate raw vegetables and dairy. • Increase the nutritional value and availability of foods. • Support the detoxification pathways of the body. • Help to remove the harmful chemicals and metals that are found in today’s modern environment. Besides dairy and vegetables, currently some markets also sell fermented sauces, salsas, dips, and fermented teas. Be sure to read the labels. While fermented foods are a welcome addition to the refrigerated section, they have only recently become popular, and many manufacturers are still using additives that your body does not need. A traditionally fermented food sold in the unrefrigerated section of the store, such as pickles, is not truly fermented. Body Ecology is the only diet that offers a comprehensive tool kit that supports the health of the entire body. Getting back into traditional, fermented foods and away from sterile, lifeless food is one step closer to nourishing the entire body. Everyone has a unique collection of microorganisms, and Body Ecology promotes sustaining this inner microbial community with fermented foods first, rather than relying completely on a probiotic supplement. You can ferment your own vegetables at home with the Body Ecology Veggie Culture Starter. Body Ecology has also put together core products that provide the basic tools necessary to get started and maintain a probiotic diet. The Body Ecology Core Program includes: • Innergy Biotic: A fermented probiotic liquid that delivers healthy, intact microbes to your digestive tract. • Vitality SuperGreen: A plant-based powerhouse of nutrients that has been fermented to allow for maximum absorption and benefit. Vitality Supergreen also contains glutamine, an amino acid that repairs the lining of the gut. The gut lining is where healthy microbes set up residence! • Assist SI: An enzyme formula that is both detoxifying when taken on an empty stomach and will strengthen the digestive power of the small intestine when taken with food. • Assist Full Spectrum Enzymes: Supplement enzymes that support the entire digestive tract, including brush border enzymes that enhance digestive function without causing irritation to the intestinal walls. • Assist Dairy and Protein: Helps break down dairy, animal proteins, and vegan protein sources, such as grains. • Stevia: A sugarless, natural sweetener that is 300 times sweeter than sugar. Stevia does not contribute to feeding pathogenic microorganisms and does not ignite an inflammatory response, as sugar does. Nourish the body with a probiotic diet, rather than a probiotic pill. The Body Ecology Diet is the only diet that emphasizes the use of beneficial bacteria, proper food combining, and the proper preparation of the Body Ecology grain-like seeds. Nourishing the body with a probiotic diet, rather than a probiotic pill, is essential in rebuilding the gastrointestinal tract and restoring the immune system. What To Remember Most About This Article: Wouldn’t it be great to take one little pill to magically improve your health? While probiotic supplements seem like a great idea, they’re often made with processing methods that destroy communities of good bacteria. Many store-bought yogurts on the market are pasteurized after they have been fermented, which kills all good bacteria completely. Instead, try fermented beverages and cultured vegetables that will support your digestive tract with strong, beneficial bacteria. Fermented foods will also increase the nutritional value of your food, support detoxification, and flush harmful chemicals out of your body. It’s time to go back to basics. It’s always recommended to choose traditional fermented foods instead of pre-packaged probiotics to nourish your digestive tract. 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Forensic Science: A Very Short Introduction Front Cover OUP Oxford, Feb 25, 2010 - Law - 135 pages Forensic science is a subject of wide fascination. What happens at a crime scene? How does DNA profiling work? How can it help solve crimes that happened 20 years ago? In forensic science, a criminal case can often hinge on a piece of evidence such as a hair, a blood trace, half a footprint, or a tyre mark. High profile cases such as the Stephen Lawrence enquiry and the Madeleine McCann case have attracted enormous media attention and enhanced this interest in recent years. However, the public understanding of forensic science is poor, and largely based on TV shows such as CSI: Crime Scene Investigation, which exploit high-tech imagery for dramatic effect. Forensic science is a complex activity at the interface of science and law. However, it also deals with real life issues and its results are interpreted within unique situations. Complex scientific findings must be considered carefully, dispassionately, and communicated with clarity, simplicity, and precision. In this Very Short Introduction, Jim Fraser introduces the concept of forensic science and explains how it is used in the investigation of crime. He begins at the crime scene itself, explaining the principles and processes of crime scene management. He explores how forensic scientists work; from the reconstruction of events to laboratory examinations. He considers the techniques they use, such as fingerprinting, and goes on to highlight the immense impact DNA profiling has had. Providing examples from forensic science cases in the UK, US, and other countries, he considers the techniques and challenges faced around the world. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable. What people are saying - Write a review We haven't found any reviews in the usual places. 1 What is forensic science? 2 Investigating crime 3 Crime scene management and forensic investigation search recovery and analysis identity relationships and databases more ways to identify people and things 7 Trace evidence identifying illicit substances 9 Science and justice Further reading Other editions - View all Common terms and phrases About the author (2010) Jim Fraser is Professor of Forensic Science and Director of the University of Strathclyde's Centre for Forensic Science. He was also Head of Forensic Investigation for Kent police and Head of Forensic Biology for the Edinburgh police force. Bibliographic information
Go back to the main article. Character Pinyin English 粤话 Yuèhuà Cantonese language (PN) 普通话 Pǔtōnghuà Mandarin language (PN) 广州 Guǎngzhōu Guangzhou (PN) 广东 Guǎngdōng Guangdong Province (PN) 香港 Xiānggǎng Hong Kong (PN) 澳门 Àomén Macao (PN) 广西壮族自治区 Guǎngxī Zhuàngzú Zìzhìqū Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (PN) 语言 yǔyán language (N) 方言 fāngyán dialect (N) 唐人街 Tángrén Jiē China Town (PN) 汉藏语系 Hàn Zàng yǔxì Sino-Tibetan language family (PN) 声调 shēngdiào tone (N) 语法 yǔfǎ grammar (N) 汉字 hànzì Chinese characters (N) Study Questions • Why might some people refer to Cantonese as a dialect when it is mutually unintelligible with Mandarin? Compare this with Spanish and Italian which are somewhat mutually intelligible, but always referred to as separate languages. • Why do Cantonese speaking people refer to themselves as Tángrén rather than Hànrén? What does this indicate about the historical differences between southern and northern Chinese people.
English Literature » Summary » Houseboy: Summary Houseboy: Summary Ferdinand Oyono‘s Houseboy written in the first person and in the form of diary entries in two exercise books. It describes the relationship between French colonialists and native Cameroonians during the period of colonization from a Houseboy’s perspectives. The Houseboy, Toundi, escaped from Cameroon where he was wanted for an alleged crime – a crime he did not commit but has been framed up for his part of spreading the amorous and sexual encounters between his master’s – the local Commandant – wife and the giant Prison Officer, M. Moreau. As a Houseboy, Toundi, saw a lot in the house of his master especially when his master’s wife came to the household. And as innocent as he was couldn’t keep his mouth shut on such issues but went ahead to ask questions pertaining to what he sees and it was these that put him into trouble with his master’s wife and which later led to his death after escaping to Spanish Guinea. For instance, after discovering a condom under the bed of his master’s wife, after she had asked to him to clean the place, the master’s wife got angry and threw him out of the room. This got Toundi shocked. He doesn’t know why a common rubber should make the master’s wife angry so he set out to ask the other workers in the household who told him, Toundi, will you never learn what a houseboy’s job is? One of these days you’ll be the cause of real trouble. When will you grasp that for the whites, you are only alive to do their work and for no other reason. I am the cook. The white man does not see me except with his stomach. (Page 87) Innocent as Toundi was and fascinated by the ways of the whites, he kept on asking questions even when Kalisia had told him to leave the household because … they will never forgive you for that. How can they go on strutting about with a cigarette hanging our of their mouth in front of you – when you know. (Page 100) Toundi himself had run away from home when his greed led to a quarrel between his father and his friend’s father. It was this greed for simple things like a lump of sugar that led him to seek shelter at Father Gilbert’s residence and later the Commandant. Using this, Oyono shows how our greed for foreign things has led us to sell ourselves and conscience, has led us to reject ourselves, so that beaten and trampled and killed we still cling onto this greed. When the Germans made the first war on the French his younger brother was killed fighting for the French. When the Germans made the second war on the French his two sons were killed fighting for the Germans. (Page 36) The above quote shows the extent of the greed and the indecisiveness of natives’ allegiance (note that Cameroon was first ruled by the Germans and then by French). Toundi’s mother even predicted that his greed would lead him to his death. My mother always used to say what my greediness would bring me to in the end… (Page 4) From Toundi’s exercise book dairy entries we are told of how Christianity was used to deceive the populace to succumb even though the propagators of the gospel practiced not their preach. They have illicit affairs, drunk, and extort. They arrest innocent civilians, beat them and when they die ask the natives to pray for their souls. Though the French (Europeans) pretended to hate the blacks (natives) and would sit at different places even at church services and use different entrance, they still slept with the natives and hide their deeds from one another. I know why the Commandant is not like other European men without madams – who send their boys into the location to hire ‘mamie’ for them. I wonder what the commandant’s wife will be like. (Page 46) Oyono mixes humour and wittiness to explore the complex relations between Europeans and native Cameroonians. For instance, they (Europeans) showed more love for animals and plants than they did to humans. Next we went to see the goat-park. Madame kept murmuring, ‘Ah how sweet they are! How pretty they are!’ She let them lick her hands. Then she stopped by the bed of roses and hibiscus. She bent down in front of each flower and breathed its scent in deeply. I was on the other side of the flower-bed facing her. She had forgotten I was there. (Page 48) The perception of Europeans was also made clear from Toundi’s keen observation. We see how each European tries to tell a ‘better’ story that shows how much the ‘African is a child or a fool’. And when the father died in Africa and called him a martyr because he had died in Africa. They lamented ‘the Martyr’ as they called Father Gilbert because he died on African soil. (Page 52) The limitation of the story is that we know all these only from Toundi’s opinions. Thus, Toundi’s interpretation of peoples’ actions is all that we know not their own interpretation. This is small book of only 122 pages contains a lot to make one laugh, cry and annoyed. And I would recommend to all. It’s one of those stories you can read right after a very difficult book or you can use prop up a slump in one’s reading.
Therapy of diabetic foot syndrome Another focus of our department is the interdisciplinary therapy of the so-called diabetic foot syndrome (DFS). This is a complication of diabetes mellitus and caused by a combination of nervous disease (neuropathy) and circulatory disorder (peripheral arterial occlusive disease). Depending on the symptoms, three different types of neuropathy are distinguished. Sensory neuropathy leads to a loss of perceptions of touch and the temperature of the foot. The motor neuropathy results in a misalignment of the toes, which leads to changes in walking pattern and increased pressure on the ankles. Autonomic neuropathy leads to dry and chapped skin, since the production of sweat is disturbed. This resuilts in the lack of natural protective function, so fungi and bacteria can easily trigger infections. An important component of the DFS therapy is the rapid and targeted diagnostics with differentiation of neuropathy and circulation disorder. In addition, the appropriate wound care, the appropriate shoe supply for pressure relief and the autonomous check of the feet are an integral part of an interdisciplinary care.
Whole Grains What are the health Benefits from eating whole grains? BreadStudies demonstrate that consuming entire whole grains rather than refined whole grains brings down the danger of numerous ceaseless illnesses. While advantages are most claimed for those expending no less than 3 servings day by day, a few studies show diminished dangers from as meager as one serving of whole grains every day. The message: each entire grain in your eating regimen makes a difference! Obviously, these profits are most claimed in the setting of a general sound eating regimen. Nobody sustenance – even entire grains – will promise great well being. It’s likewise critical to recall that some entire whole grain sustenances are healthier than others. Plain grains – from tan rice and quinoa to wheat berries– and entire grain pasta ought to be a standard peculiarity on your table, with transformed grains consumed less regularly. Indeed an entire grain treat is preferred for you over a refined grain one, all different fixings being equivalent. By eating more whole grains it is an easy way to make your diet healthier. Whole grains are packed with nutrients including protein, fiber, B vitamins, antioxidants, and trace minerals (iron, zinc, copper, and magnesium). A diet rich in whole grains has been shown to reduce the risk of heart disease, type 2 diabetes, obesity, and some forms of cancer. Whole-grain diets can also improve bowel health by helping to maintain regular bowel movements and promote growth of healthy bacteria in the colon. Yet the average American eats less than one serving per day, and over 40% never eat whole grains at all. Young adults get less than one serving daily. Why? For one thing, it’s not always easy to tell just which foods are whole-grain. Scan the bread, cereal or snack packaging, and virtually every one promotes its whole-grain goodness. But not all of them actually are whole-grain. Terms like “multigrain,” “100% wheat,” “cracked wheat,” “organic,” “pumpernickel,” “bran,” and “stone ground” may sound healthy, but none actually indicates the product is whole-grain. Also, many people have the perception that whole grains just don’t taste good, or that it’s difficult to work them into their daily diets. Entire grains can be a fantastic wellspring of fiber. At the same time not all entire grains are great wellsprings of fiber. Entire wheat contains among the most astounding measure of fiber of the entire grains. Tan rice contains the minimum. For the vast majority, entire grains are their diet’s best wellspring of fiber. Most entire grain sources yield from 1 to 4 g of fiber every serving, tantamount to products of the soil, and simply the perfect sum when spread for the duration of the day. Could fiber supplements provide for you the same profit? While you get a lot of fiber from these supplements, you’ll pass up a great opportunity for the various nutritious profits of entire grains. Be that as it may, on the off chance that you know you’re not getting no less than 25 g of fiber every day, fiber supplements are an extraordinary approach to help you get there. Ladies require 25 g every day, while men ought to get around 38 g every day.
From Name: From Email: To Name: To Email: Optional Message: Data scientist: STEM boys club open to women from InformationWeek It's an established fact that women are underrepresented in science, technology, engineering, and math professions, although gender ratios vary considerably by field. For instance, female scientists and engineers are concentrated in the social sciences (58 percent) and biological and medical sciences (48 percent), but have a relatively low participation rate in engineering (13 percent) and computer and mathematical sciences (25 percent), according to 2014 data from the National Science Foundation. So what's it like being a woman in data science? more Powered by MultiBriefs

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