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34 X Class Respiration - The energy releasing system
When you sprint a hundred yards, you do a considerable
amount of muscular work. But you do not start a race by
standing on the track and panting for a few minutes to stoke up
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with oxygen first. In fact you can run the race with very little
extra breathing. The fastest sprinters do not breathe at all when
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running a hundred yards. After you have reached the destiny,
however, you feel very different. Depending on your state of
training, and on how hard you ran, you will pant for some
minutes after the race, until your breathing gradually returns
to normal.
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These facts could be linked up with what we have learned fig-11: Athlete
so far about ATP. It might be that the race was run on the energy (Strenous excercise)
produced when the ATP already present in your muscles was being converted
to ADP. Unfortunately this pleasantly simple idea is inadequate, because
we only carry sufficient ATP in a muscle to last for about half a second
LA
when doing vigorous exercise. There must be some other explanation for
the way in which we can produce energy first and then use up oxygen later.
One approach in the study of this problem was to analyze the blood of
a person during and after exercise. For obvious reasons the athlete taking
part in the experiment had to stay still where the apparatus was. He pedaled
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a stationary bicycle, or ran on a tread mill (belt moving as fast backwards
as the athlete moved forwards). Some results are shown in the graph.
Vigorous exercise lasted for nine minutes (shown by the bar at the base of
the diagram) and regular blood samples were taken and analyzed. One
particular compound in the
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blood, lactic acid, was found to
Concentration of Lactic Acid in Blood
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vary greatly in its concentration
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as you can see from the graph.
Observe the graph of lactic
acid accumulation in the
mg/cm 3
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muscles of an athelete and
answer the following questions.
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(Graph showing varying
amount of lactic acid in the
muscles)
x - axis = Time in minutes
Time in minutes
y - axis = Concentration of
lactic acid in blood mg/cm3 Graph showing effects of vigorous excercise on the
concentration of lactic acid in blood.
Free distribution by T.S. Government 2019-20 35
a. What was the concentration of lactic acid in the blood to start with?
b. What was the greatest concentration reached during the experiment?
c. If the trend between points C and D were to continue at the same rate,
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how long might it take for the original lactic acid level to be reached
again? (Hint: extend the line CD until it reaches the starting value.)
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d. What does high level of lactic acid indicate about the condition of
respiration?