instruction stringlengths 14 4.34k | output stringlengths 1 6.77k | dataset stringclasses 11 values |
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Most waves strike the shore at an angle. this causes what? | longshore drift | sciq |
Displacement, velocity, acceleration, and force are examples of what type of quantity that has magnitude and direction? | vector | sciq |
The coccyx, or tailbone, results from the fusion of four small what? | coccygeal vertebrae | sciq |
An increase in what, across the periodic table, explains why elements go from metals to metalloids and then to nonmetals? | electrons | sciq |
Cancer develops when what process is unregulated? | cell division | sciq |
The normal respiratory rate per minute in adult humans is? | 12-18 breaths | sciq |
Many deleterious alleles have such severe effects that a homozygous embryo spontaneously aborts long before what? | birth | sciq |
What is the science of classifying living things is called? | taxonomy | sciq |
Athletes such as swimmers and bicyclists wear body suits in competition to minimize what forces? | drag forces | sciq |
What are diodes, transistors, and integrated circuits examples of? | electronic components | sciq |
What occurs if oxygen cannot be obtained at a sufficient rate? | anaerobic respiration | sciq |
A sperm cell and an egg cell fuse to become what? | fertilized egg | sciq |
What is the lipid-rich sheath that surrounds the axon and facilitates the transmission of electrical signals along the axon? | myelin sheath | sciq |
Millions of years ago, plants used energy from the sun to form what? | carbon compounds | sciq |
A circuit that consists of two loops is called a what? | parallel circuit | sciq |
What prepares the body for fight or flight during emergencies? | sympathetic division | sciq |
What are the tiny sacs in the lungs where gas exchange takes place? | alveoli | sciq |
What of a electromagnetic wave can be calculated using the wave equation due to their speed always being constant? | frequency | sciq |
If citrate accumulates in mitochondria, some of it passes into where and inhibits phosphofructokinase? | cytosol | sciq |
What is it called when waves spread out as they travel around obstacles or through openings in obstacles? | diffraction | sciq |
Functional groups are groups of atoms that occur within molecules and confer specific chemical properties to those molecules. they are found along the “carbon backbone” of what? | macromolecules | sciq |
During strenuous exercise our muscles perform what kind of fermentation? | lactic acid | sciq |
Unlike corals, jellyfish spend most of their lives as what? | medusae | sciq |
If you drive or take the bus to school or work, you are using a vehicle that probably burns gasoline, a material that burns fairly easily and provides energy to power the vehicle. recall that burning is a? | chemical change | sciq |
What is the nest of cell an egg rests in called? | follicle | sciq |
Crystallization separates mixtures based on differences in what, which usually increases with temperature? | solubility | sciq |
Flowers, double fertilization, and fruits are unique features of what life cycle? | angiosperm | sciq |
What is the largest artery in the body called? | aorta | sciq |
What is the measure for how fast or slow something moves? | speed | sciq |
Each vertebral vein also flows into which vein? | brachiocephalic | sciq |
What is the storage form of glucose in humans and other vertebrates? | glycogen | sciq |
What produces enzymes that digest carbohydrates in plant cell walls? | bacteria | sciq |
Triggered by changes in the environment, migration and hibernation occur as cycles on what temporal basis? | annual | sciq |
What type of energy travels in waves across space as well as through matter? | electromagnetic radiation | sciq |
What is the only substance on earth that is present in all three states of matter? | water | sciq |
Which theory describes the benzene molecule and other planar aromatic hydrocarbon molecules as hexagonal rings of sp2-hybridized carbon atoms with the unhybridized p orbital of each carbon atom perpendicular to the plane of the ring? | valence bond theory | sciq |
What is the opposite of rarefaction zones, where air molecules in waves are loosely packed? | compression zones | sciq |
What kind of motion characterizes waves? | repetitive | sciq |
After infecting a host, what inactive state do some viruses enter? | latency | sciq |
The shapes of minerals form as they are broken along what planes? | cleavage planes | sciq |
What is used by sensitive systems to detect even low levels of radiation? | crystals | sciq |
Is wind power renewable or non renewable? | renewable | sciq |
Soils with higher capacities generally have a larger reserve of what? | mineral nutrients | sciq |
In 1802, charles and gay-lussac both proposed that for a fixed amount of gas at a constant pressure, what is directly proportional to its absolute temperature? | volume | sciq |
All the genes in all the members of a population make up its what? | gene pool | sciq |
During birth, a baby passes from the uterus through what organ to leave the body? | the vagina | sciq |
Deposition refers to when a gas changes to what state? | solid | sciq |
What type of light has shorter wavelengths than visible light and has enough energy to kill bacteria? | ultraviolet | sciq |
Soil that forms in place over a very long period is called what? | residual soil | sciq |
When the number of electrons and the number of protons are equal, the object is what? | neutral | sciq |
Something supplied by nature that helps support life, including ecosystems as well as minerals and fossil fuels, is called a what? | natural resource | sciq |
What term is used to describe when a liquid is the temperature at which its equilibrium vapor pressure is equal to the pressure exerted on the liquid by its gaseous surroundings? | boiling point | sciq |
Hair sticks out from the epidermis, but it grows from the? | dermis | sciq |
As a polycrystalline material solidifies, grains with irregular shapes form. the interfaces between grains constitute grain what? | boundaries | sciq |
Skin color is controlled by genes but also influenced by exposure to what? | sunlight | sciq |
What generally sets the direction that technology takes? | problems of society | sciq |
The airway and the lungs are part of what organ system? | respiratory | sciq |
Production of abnormal white blood cells occurs in what cancer, which is the most common form in children? | leukemia | sciq |
What unit of power is equal to 1 joule of energy per second? | watt | sciq |
The brain and spinal cord are part of what system, which serves as a control center? | central nervous system | sciq |
Which fuels provide most of the world’s energy? | fossil fuels | sciq |
Constantly going through some form of growth and repair is a characteristic of all what? | living things | sciq |
Light can be used to eject what from a solid material? | electrons | sciq |
What is the spreading of white light into its full spectrum of wavelengths called? | dispersion | sciq |
Along with other functions, what do carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids provide for the body? | energy | sciq |
What is another word for brooding- keeping eggs warm while the embryos develop? | incubation | sciq |
Name the term used to described prokaryotes that require oxygen. | aerobic | sciq |
What do neurons pass to the next neuron? | neurotransmitters | sciq |
What type of disorders are caused by mutations in genes or abnormal numbers of chromosomes? | genetic disorders | sciq |
What are clouds on earth made of? | water vapor | sciq |
The field of organic chemistry studies the structure and reactivity of compounds containing what element? | carbon | sciq |
What bone cell is responsible for forming new bone and is found in the growing portions of bone, including the periosteum and endosteum? | osteoblast | sciq |
Average acceleration is the rate of change of what? | velocity | sciq |
What is a change in the sequence of bases in dna or rna called? | mutation | sciq |
What is the smallest unit capable of life known as? | a cell | sciq |
Where would you find most pollution of ocean water? | coastline | sciq |
Endosperm usually develops before the what does? | embryo | sciq |
What substance do the leaves of plants take in from the environment? | carbon dioxide | sciq |
What were the first living things to evolve on earth? | prokaryotes | sciq |
An antigen is a molecule that reacts with some component of the what response? | immune | sciq |
What is the ratio of charge on a capacitor to potential difference across it called? | capacitance | sciq |
What is the representative particle in pure metals? | the atom | sciq |
Cephalochordates have a notochord and nerve cord but not a? | backbone | sciq |
The characteristic sound of a motorcycle buzzing by is an example of which effect? | doppler effect | sciq |
How many directions can ions flow along the axon? | one | sciq |
What are negative electrons attracted to? | positive protons | sciq |
Blood flows into the kidney through which artery? | renal artery | sciq |
What element can form two different compounds with oxygen? | carbon | sciq |
Many organisms look very similar to other organisms because they may be from the same what? | species | sciq |
Fossils provide a window into the past. they are evidence for what? | evolution | sciq |
All enzymes have an optimal temperature and what? | ph | sciq |
The ratio of displacement to time interval is the average what? | velocity | sciq |
What's the process responsible for the presence of oxygen in our atmosphere? | photosynthesis | sciq |
The external female reproductive structures are referred to collectively as what? | the vulva | sciq |
What is the term for the measure of the force of gravity pulling down on an object? | weight | sciq |
Radiometric dating methods, such as carbon-14 dating depend on what type of decay? | radioactive | sciq |
What are xylem and phloem responsible for transporting to the cells of leaves? | water and minerals | sciq |
The milky way galaxy is which shape type of galaxy? | spiral | sciq |
What are the parts used in electronic devices such as computers called? | electronic components | sciq |
During the early paleozoic, the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere compared to today was? | much greater | sciq |
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