episode stringlengths 45 100 | text stringlengths 1 528 | timestamp_link stringlengths 56 56 |
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Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | I don't know if this is something | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:25:15.320 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | that you could just summarize. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:25:17.040 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | There's perfect information games | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:25:18.600 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | where all the information's on the table. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:25:20.360 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | There is imperfect information games. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:25:22.400 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | There's repeated games that you play over and over. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:25:25.480 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | There's zero sum games. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:25:28.560 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | There's non zero sum games. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:25:31.320 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | And then there's a really important distinction | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:25:34.440 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | you're making, two player versus more players. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:25:37.520 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | So what are, what other games are there? | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:25:40.720 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | And what's the difference, for example, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:25:44.760 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | with this two player game versus more players? | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:25:46.160 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | What are the key differences in your view? | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:25:50.040 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | So let me start from the basics. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:25:51.680 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | So a repeated game is a game where the same exact game | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:25:54.600 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | is played over and over. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:25:59.600 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | In these extensive form games, where it's, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:26:01.800 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | think about three form, maybe with these information sets | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:26:05.800 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | to represent incomplete information, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:26:08.480 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | you can have kind of repetitive interactions. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:26:11.400 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | Even repeated games are a special case of that, by the way. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:26:14.840 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | But the game doesn't have to be exactly the same. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:26:17.760 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | It's like in sourcing auctions. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:26:21.520 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | Yes, we're gonna see the same supply base year to year, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:26:23.040 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | but what I'm buying is a little different every time. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:26:26.320 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | And the supply base is a little different every time | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:26:28.800 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | and so on. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:26:31.000 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | So it's not really repeated. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:26:31.840 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | So to find a purely repeated game | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:26:33.400 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | is actually very rare in the world. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:26:35.680 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | So they're really a very course model of what's going on. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:26:37.840 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | Then if you move up from just repeated, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:26:42.840 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | simple repeated matrix games, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:26:46.360 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | not all the way to extensive form games, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:26:49.040 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | but in between, they're stochastic games, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:26:50.800 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | where, you know, there's these, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:26:53.600 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | you think about it like these little matrix games. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:26:57.000 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | And when you take an action and your opponent takes an action, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:27:00.520 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | they determine not which next state I'm going to, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:27:04.200 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | next game I'm going to, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:27:07.680 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | but the distribution over next games | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:27:09.120 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | where I might be going to. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:27:11.440 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | So that's the stochastic game. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:27:13.360 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | But it's like matrix games, repeated stochastic games, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:27:15.360 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | extensive form games. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:27:19.000 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | That is from less to more general. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:27:20.400 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | And poker is an example of the last one. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:27:23.040 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | So it's really in the most general setting. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:27:26.280 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | Extensive form games. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:27:29.560 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | And that's kind of what the AI community has been working on | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:27:30.640 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | and being benchmarked on | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:27:34.520 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | with this Heads Up No Limit Texas Holdem. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:27:36.280 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | Can you describe extensive form games? | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:27:38.040 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | What's the model here? | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:27:39.760 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | Yeah, so if you're familiar with the tree form, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:27:41.560 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | so it's really the tree form. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:27:44.320 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | Like in chess, there's a search tree. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:27:45.760 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | Versus a matrix. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:27:47.560 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | Versus a matrix, yeah. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:27:48.720 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | And the matrix is called the matrix form | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:27:50.080 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | or bi matrix form or normal form game. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:27:53.000 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | And here you have the tree form. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:27:55.320 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | So you can actually do certain types of reasoning there | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:27:57.080 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | that you lose the information when you go to normal form. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:28:00.000 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | There's a certain form of equivalence. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:28:04.680 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | Like if you go from tree form and you say it, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:28:07.000 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | every possible contingency plan is a strategy. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:28:08.880 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | Then I can actually go back to the normal form, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:28:12.720 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | but I lose some information from the lack of sequentiality. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:28:15.080 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | Then the multiplayer versus two player distinction | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:28:18.600 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | is an important one. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:28:21.280 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | So two player games in zero sum | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:28:22.880 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | are conceptually easier and computationally easier. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:28:27.320 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | They're still huge like this one, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:28:32.840 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | but they're conceptually easier and computationally easier | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:28:36.000 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | in that conceptually, you don't have to worry about | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:28:39.680 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | which equilibrium is the other guy going to play | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:28:42.920 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | when there are multiple, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:28:45.360 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | because any equilibrium strategy is a best response | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:28:46.640 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | to any other equilibrium strategy. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:28:49.920 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | So I can play a different equilibrium from you | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:28:52.000 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | and we'll still get the right values of the game. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:28:54.360 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | That falls apart even with two players | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:28:57.320 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | when you have general sum games. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:28:59.240 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | Even without cooperation just in general. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:29:01.360 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | Even without cooperation. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:29:03.120 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | So there's a big gap from two player zero sum | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:29:04.800 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | to two player general sum or even to three player zero sum. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:29:07.640 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | That's a big gap, at least in theory. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:29:11.160 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | Can you maybe non mathematically provide the intuition | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:29:14.280 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | why it all falls apart with three or more players? | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:29:18.920 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | It seems like you should still be able to have | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:29:22.120 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | a Nash equilibrium that's instructive, that holds. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:29:24.400 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | Okay, so it is true that all finite games | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:29:31.280 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | have a Nash equilibrium. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:29:36.000 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | So this is what John Nash actually proved. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:29:38.200 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | So they do have a Nash equilibrium. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:29:41.080 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | That's not the problem. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:29:42.920 |
Tuomas Sandholm: Poker and Game Theory | Lex Fridman Podcast #12 | The problem is that there can be many. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0012-large.html#00:29:43.840 |
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