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Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | sort of totally lost any notion of human autonomy. And, you know, so in effect, right. This would | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:17:07.440 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | happen like the slow boiling frog, right? We would gradually turn over more and more of the | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:17:17.680 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | management of our civilization to machines as we are already doing. And this, you know, if this | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:17:24.240 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | if this process continues, you know, we sort of gradually switch from sort of being the masters | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:17:29.520 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | of technology to just being the guests. Right. So we become guests on a cruise ship, you know, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:17:37.920 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | which is fine for a week, but not not for the rest of eternity. You know, and it's almost | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:17:44.160 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | irreversible. Right. Once you once you lose the incentive to, for example, you know, learn to be | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:17:51.360 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | an engineer or a doctor or a sanitation operative or any other of the infinitely many ways that we | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:17:58.640 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | maintain and propagate our civilization. You know, if you if you don't have the incentive to do any | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:18:08.000 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | of that, you won't. And then it's really hard to recover. And of course, as just one of the | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:18:14.240 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | technologies that could that third failure mode result in that there's probably other | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:18:20.320 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | technology in general detaches us from it does a bit. But the difference is that in terms of | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:18:24.400 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | the knowledge to to run our civilization, you know, up to now, we've had no alternative but | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:18:31.120 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | to put it into people's heads. Right. And if you software with Google, I mean, so software in | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:18:38.240 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | general, so computers in general, but but the, you know, the knowledge of how, you know, how a | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:18:43.920 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | sanitation system works, you know, that's an AI has to understand that it's no good putting it | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:18:51.200 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | into Google. So, I mean, we we've always put knowledge in on paper, but paper doesn't run our | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:18:56.000 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | civilization and only runs when it goes from the paper into people's heads again. Right. So we've | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:19:02.560 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | always propagated civilization through human minds. And we've spent about a trillion person | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:19:07.120 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | years doing that. I literally write you, you can work it out. It's about right. There's about just | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:19:13.680 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | over 100 billion people who've ever lived. And each of them has spent about 10 years learning | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:19:19.440 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | stuff to keep their civilization going. And so that's a trillion person years we put into this | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:19:25.280 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | effort. Beautiful way to describe all civilization. And now we're, you know, we're in danger of | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:19:30.640 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | throwing that away. So this is a problem that AI can't solve. It's not a technical problem. It's | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:19:36.160 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | you know, if we do our job right, the AI systems will say, you know, the human race doesn't in the | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:19:40.880 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | long run want to be passengers in a cruise ship. The human race wants autonomy. This is part of | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:19:48.560 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | human preferences. So we, the AI systems are not going to do this stuff for you. You've got to do | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:19:54.560 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | it for yourself. Right. I'm not going to carry you to the top of Everest in an autonomous | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:20:01.200 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | helicopter. You have to climb it if you want to get the benefit and so on. So, but I'm afraid that | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:20:06.320 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | because we are short sighted and lazy, we're going to override the AI systems. And, and there's an | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:20:14.960 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | amazing short story that I recommend to everyone that I talked to about this called The Machine | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:20:22.400 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | Stops, written in 1909 by E.M. Forster, who, you know, wrote novels about the British Empire and | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:20:28.720 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | sort of things that became costume dramas on the BBC. But he wrote this one science fiction story, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:20:37.520 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | which is an amazing vision of the future. It has basically iPads, it has video conferencing, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:20:42.240 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | it has MOOCs, it has computer induced obesity. I mean, literally it's what people spend their | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:20:51.680 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | time doing is giving online courses or listening to online courses and talking about ideas, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:21:00.320 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | but they never get out there in the real world. They don't really have a lot of face to face | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:21:05.920 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | contact. Everything is done online, you know, so all the things we're worrying about now | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:21:11.200 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | were described in the story. And, and then the human race becomes more and more dependent on | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:21:17.520 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | the machine, loses knowledge of how things really run and then becomes vulnerable to collapse. And | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:21:22.000 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | so it's a, it's a pretty unbelievably amazing story for someone writing in 1909 to imagine all | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:21:31.360 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | this. So there's very few people that represent artificial intelligence more than you Stuart | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:21:38.640 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | Russell. If you say it's okay, that's very kind. So it's all my fault. Right. You're often brought | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:21:45.760 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | up as the person, well, Stuart Russell, like the AI person is worried about this. That's why you | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:21:57.200 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | should be worried about it. Do you feel the burden of that? I don't know if you feel that at all, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:22:03.680 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | but when I talk to people like from, you talk about people outside of computer science, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:22:10.240 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | when they think about this, Stuart Russell is worried about AI safety. You should be worried | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:22:15.840 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | too. Do you feel the burden of that? I mean, in a practical sense, yeah, because I get, you know, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:22:21.280 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | a dozen, sometimes 25 invitations a day to talk about it, to give interviews, to write press | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:22:29.840 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | articles and so on. So in that very practical sense, I'm seeing that people are concerned and | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:22:38.640 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | really interested about this. Are you worried that you could be wrong as all good scientists are? | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:22:46.160 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | Of course. I worry about that all the time. I mean, that's, that's always been the way that I, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:22:52.320 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | I've worked, you know, is like I have an argument in my head with myself, right? So I have, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:22:57.920 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | I have some idea and then I think, okay, how could that be wrong? Or did someone else already have | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:23:03.440 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | that idea? So I'll go and, you know, search in as much literature as I can to see whether someone | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:23:10.560 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | else already thought of that or, or even refuted it. So, you know, I, right now I'm, I'm reading a | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:23:16.720 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | lot of philosophy because, you know, in, in the form of the debates over, over utilitarianism and, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:23:23.680 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | and other kinds of moral, moral formulas, shall we say, people have already thought through | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:23:32.800 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | some of these issues. But, you know, what, one of the things I'm, I'm not seeing in a lot of | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:23:42.800 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | these debates is this specific idea about the importance of uncertainty in the objective | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:23:47.680 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | that this is the way we should think about machines that are beneficial to humans. So this | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:23:56.400 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | idea of provably beneficial machines based on explicit uncertainty in the objective, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:24:01.920 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | you know, it seems to be, you know, my gut feeling is this is the core of it. It's going to have to | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:24:10.000 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | be elaborated in a lot of different directions and there are a lot of beneficial. Yeah. But there, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:24:17.600 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | there are, I mean, it has to be right. We can't afford, you know, hand wavy beneficial because | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:24:23.600 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | there are, you know, whenever we do hand wavy stuff, there are loopholes. And the thing about | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:24:30.640 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | super intelligent machines is they find the loopholes, you know, just like, you know, tax | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:24:34.800 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | evaders. If you don't write your tax law properly, people will find the loopholes and end up paying | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:24:40.560 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | no tax. And, and so you should think of it this way and, and getting those definitions right, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:24:46.400 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | you know, it is really a long process, you know, so you can, you can define mathematical frameworks | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:24:56.480 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | and within that framework, you can prove mathematical theorems that yes, this will, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:25:04.400 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | you know, this, this theoretical entity will be provably beneficial to that theoretical entity, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:25:08.560 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | but that framework may not match the real world in some crucial way. So it's a long process, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:25:13.680 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | thinking through it, iterating and so on. Last question. Yep. You have 10 seconds to answer it. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:25:20.160 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | What is your favorite sci fi movie about AI? I would say interstellar has my favorite robots. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:25:27.120 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | Oh, beats space. Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. So, so Tars, the robots, one of the robots in interstellar is | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:25:34.480 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | the way robot should behave. And, uh, I would say ex machina is in some ways, the one, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:25:42.160 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | the one that makes you think, uh, in a nervous kind of way about, about where we're going. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:25:51.520 |
Stuart Russell: Long-Term Future of Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #9 | Well Stuart, thank you so much for talking today. Pleasure. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0009-large.html#01:25:58.080 |
Pieter Abbeel: Deep Reinforcement Learning | Lex Fridman Podcast #10 | The following is a conversation with Peter Abbeel. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0010-large.html#00:00:00.000 |
Pieter Abbeel: Deep Reinforcement Learning | Lex Fridman Podcast #10 | He's a professor at UC Berkeley | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0010-large.html#00:00:03.120 |
Pieter Abbeel: Deep Reinforcement Learning | Lex Fridman Podcast #10 | and the director of the Berkeley Robotics Learning Lab. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0010-large.html#00:00:04.840 |
Pieter Abbeel: Deep Reinforcement Learning | Lex Fridman Podcast #10 | He's one of the top researchers in the world | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0010-large.html#00:00:07.840 |
Pieter Abbeel: Deep Reinforcement Learning | Lex Fridman Podcast #10 | working on how we make robots understand | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0010-large.html#00:00:10.080 |
Pieter Abbeel: Deep Reinforcement Learning | Lex Fridman Podcast #10 | and interact with the world around them, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0010-large.html#00:00:13.080 |
Pieter Abbeel: Deep Reinforcement Learning | Lex Fridman Podcast #10 | especially using imitation and deep reinforcement learning. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0010-large.html#00:00:15.360 |
Pieter Abbeel: Deep Reinforcement Learning | Lex Fridman Podcast #10 | This conversation is part of the MIT course | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0010-large.html#00:00:19.720 |
Pieter Abbeel: Deep Reinforcement Learning | Lex Fridman Podcast #10 | on Artificial General Intelligence | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0010-large.html#00:00:22.360 |
Pieter Abbeel: Deep Reinforcement Learning | Lex Fridman Podcast #10 | and the Artificial Intelligence podcast. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0010-large.html#00:00:24.080 |
Pieter Abbeel: Deep Reinforcement Learning | Lex Fridman Podcast #10 | If you enjoy it, please subscribe on YouTube, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0010-large.html#00:00:26.400 |
Pieter Abbeel: Deep Reinforcement Learning | Lex Fridman Podcast #10 | iTunes, or your podcast provider of choice, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0010-large.html#00:00:29.060 |
Pieter Abbeel: Deep Reinforcement Learning | Lex Fridman Podcast #10 | or simply connect with me on Twitter at Lex Friedman, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0010-large.html#00:00:31.680 |
Pieter Abbeel: Deep Reinforcement Learning | Lex Fridman Podcast #10 | spelled F R I D. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0010-large.html#00:00:34.840 |
Pieter Abbeel: Deep Reinforcement Learning | Lex Fridman Podcast #10 | And now, here's my conversation with Peter Abbeel. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0010-large.html#00:00:36.920 |
Pieter Abbeel: Deep Reinforcement Learning | Lex Fridman Podcast #10 | You've mentioned that if there was one person | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0010-large.html#00:00:41.400 |
Pieter Abbeel: Deep Reinforcement Learning | Lex Fridman Podcast #10 | you could meet, it would be Roger Federer. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0010-large.html#00:00:44.120 |
Pieter Abbeel: Deep Reinforcement Learning | Lex Fridman Podcast #10 | So let me ask, when do you think we'll have a robot | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0010-large.html#00:00:46.200 |
Pieter Abbeel: Deep Reinforcement Learning | Lex Fridman Podcast #10 | that fully autonomously can beat Roger Federer at tennis? | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0010-large.html#00:00:50.120 |
Pieter Abbeel: Deep Reinforcement Learning | Lex Fridman Podcast #10 | Roger Federer level player at tennis? | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0010-large.html#00:00:54.760 |
Pieter Abbeel: Deep Reinforcement Learning | Lex Fridman Podcast #10 | Well, first, if you can make it happen for me to meet Roger, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0010-large.html#00:00:57.520 |
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