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135
447209bf-70fa-4384-bb2f-ac0b1dc66351
Gutter fracture is due to :
A sharp weapon
Fire arm injury
Blunt weapon
Serrated edge
1b
single
B i.e. Firearm injury
Forensic Medicine
null
fc1bf887-c6c8-4153-b6be-98422a54517a
Charcteristic pathological finding in carcinoid hea disease is:
Fibrous endocardial thickening of Right ventricle, Tricuspid valve & Pulmonary valve
Endocardial thickening of Tricuspid valve with severe Tricuspid Stenosis
Collagen rich, elastic deposits in endocardium of right ventricle and Pulmonary valve
Calcification of Tricuspid and Pulmonary valve
0a
single
When there is cardiac involvement of the carcinoid syndrome it can lead to endocardial fibrosis (mainly right ventricle), pulmonic and tricuspid valve thickening. Ref: Robbin's Basic Pathology, 7th Edition, Page 587; Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 16th Edition, Page 1413.
Pathology
null
a9572cc6-bb5f-4b17-8b83-8b5f765406a6
Commonest deformity in Rickets is
Genu valgum
Genu recurvatum
Tibia Kyphorum
Cubitus valgus
0a
single
Ans. a (Genu valgum). (Ref. Maheshwari, Orthopaedics, 2nd/pg.262)RICKETSFaculty mineralisation of the bone before the fusion of growth plate i.e., during enchondral bone growth, is known as rickets.Pathophysiology# Low levels of vitamin D3 >> reduced calcium absoption >> raised PTH >> increased bone resorption, increas...
Orthopaedics
Metabolic Bone Disease
33d9070d-7fef-4601-acd8-2c19cd0ec850
Needle shaped cry stals negatively birefringent on polarized microscopy is characteristic of which crystal associated arthropathy?
Gout
CPPD
Neuropathic arthropathy
Hemophilic arthropathy
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Gout o Crystal of Pseudogout :-Made up of calcium pyrophosphateWeakly positive birefringenU rhomboido Crystal of goutMade up of uric acid (monosodium urate)Strongly negative birefringent, needle shaped
Orthopaedics
Arthritis
0ea051c6-7db4-4c43-b484-56079c7175e4
a child of 4yrs playing with painted toys since 2yrs, habitually places in the mouth and after 6hrs develops drowsiness, fever ,constipation with abdominal pain .what is the treatment of choice
edta+ dimercaprol
DMSA
D-PENCILLAMINE
BAL
0a
multi
Treatment: OF LEAD POISONING 1. Suppoive measures: gastric lavage, intravenous fluids, cardiac monitoring, etc. 2. Chelation therapy: This can be done with -- * BAL(British Anti Lewesite or dimercaprol)- 3to5mg/kg IM every 4 hrs until the urinary excretion dips below 50mcg/24hrs . Usual duration of therapy is 7to10 day...
Forensic Medicine
All India exam
d010ec10-75f7-4c22-a136-f3473c97cd3a
Which tooth is first to erupt in lower jaw is?
Central incisor
Lateral incisor
Canine
Molar
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Central incisor First temporary tooth to appear (in primary dentition) is lower central incisors and last temporary tooth to erupt is 2nd molar.The sequence of eruption is lower central incisor > upper central incisor > upper lateral incisor > lower lateral incisor > 1st molar > Canine > 2nd molar.The...
Forensic Medicine
null
58cb7de9-3d8c-4ea9-b71c-05062ee80e28
All are causes of chronic granulomatous uveitis except –
Sarcoidosis
Tuberculosis
Brucellosis
Fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis
3d
multi
Fuch's heterochromic iridocylitis is a chronic non-granulomatous uveitis. Sarcoidosis, TB and brucellosis cause granulomatous uveitis.
Ophthalmology
null
3023d351-0bb5-40d2-a6bc-f2060ebbb0ea
MTP Act was passed in the year: MAHE 09
1971
1991
2001
2002
0a
single
Ans. 1971
Forensic Medicine
null
034c2ca6-ffa5-4d12-a826-31f2afe91cdf
Intraocular lens is implanted in a young adult after cataract surgery which was uneventful. When will you remove the IOL?
Remove after 10 years
Remove after presbyopia
After secondary cataract develops
Never removed
3d
single
There is no such indication to remove IOL after 10 years unless any complication like dislocation of IOL occurs. At the time of cataract surgery , the majority of patients are presbyopic. Presbyopia by itself is not an indication to remove IOL. After development of secondary cataract- just treat it by laser / surgical ...
Ophthalmology
Cataract Surgery
8581f773-5202-4457-b6c9-f213c850246a
Parachute lesions are seen in ?
Eale's disease
Diabetes
Sickle cell anemia
All of the above
3d
multi
Ans. is d i.e., All of the above
Anaesthesia
null
89eba139-5884-4de5-a7a2-866a0ce50614
The lesion listed below that would most likely pursue a benign course is :-
Vaginal adenosis
Adenomyosis
Extramammary Paget's disease
Endometrial hyperplasia
1b
single
Adenomyosis is a benign condition characterised by the presence of benign endometrial glands and stroma within the myometrium, Common cause of diffuse uterine enlargement and menstrual irregularities. Vaginal adenosis is a DES-related precursor lesion for clear cell adenocarcinoma. Extrammary paget's disease is an intr...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Endometriosis & H
fdbc43e6-60ed-472d-a6f1-1e19d46c87c7
For obesity BMI should be -
>=20
>=50
>=40
>=30
3d
single
Ref-Park&;s textbook of preventive and social medicine 24th edition. .
Social & Preventive Medicine
Non communicable diseases
66d17355-3e18-4539-a614-c0da37837a27
Why is Glucose-6-phosphate is not acted upon by Glucose-6-phosphatase enzyme in cytoplasm, even if glycogen synthesis and breakdown takes place in the same cell, having an enzymes present in cytoplasm.
Stearic inhibition of phosphatase by albumin
Glucose-6-phosphatase is present in endoplasmic reticulum while glycogen metabolism occurs in the cytoplasm
It is thermodynamically ble only when gluconeogenesis is occurring
Require protein kinase for its activation
1b
multi
Glycogen synthesis as well as breakdown both occurs in cytoplasm But the last step of breakdown of glycogen in liver i.e. glucose -6-phosphate to glucose formation occurs in endoplasmic reticulum and not in cytoplasm, as glucose-6-phosphatase is present in the membrane of endoplasmic reticulum.
Biochemistry
Glycogen
a3fc0887-a17f-40c7-aafe-77fadee0d45b
Investigation in a case of Dowry death is done by?
Judicial magistrate
District magistrate
Panel
Police
1b
single
ANSWER: (B) District magistrateREF: Parikh 6th edition page 1.7 Indirect Repeat from December 2009There are two types of magistrates; Judicial magistrate & Executive magistrate. Executive magistrates are appointed by state government. They are usually officers of revenue department like district collector, Subcollector...
Forensic Medicine
Introduction to Forensic Medicine and Medical Jurisprudence
3728d7be-8279-4b79-a826-e568441ff21a
Which of these amino acids does not enter the Krebs cycle by forming Acetyl-CoA pyruvate?
Glycine
Tyrosine
Hydroxyprolinc
Alanine
1b
single
Ans: B. Tyrosine(Ref: Harper 30Ie p165)Tyrosine enters Krebs cycle fumarate, while all others form pyruvate to enter the Krebs cycle.
Biochemistry
null
1cba60cc-b809-4a36-b647-529b5c9249d4
A girl aged 20 yrs complains of headache While studying. Her vision is found to be normal. An of the following should be fuher evaluated except
Family history of headache
Menstrual history
Self woh
Her interest in studies
2c
multi
History taking should be done To know Onset , duration ,progression of headache,severity Pervious any similar episodes in the past Family history of headache Personal diet menstrual history Any drug abuses Any history hypeension or DM, epilepsy,TB should be ruled out Fuher general examination should be done to rule out...
Medicine
C.N.S
e4da63f4-8de5-4a80-af4a-c92273d64039
The incidence of mental illness is the maximum if the causal factors affect a particular period –
Perinatal period
First five years of life
School age
Adolescence
1b
single
The root of mental health are in early childhood (first 5 years of life) - Park Other crucial period for mental illness : - Pregnancy (Prenatal period) School age Adolescence Old age
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
5ad60fdd-a128-4726-9acb-6b63a7c8f381
Acoustic dip occurs at -
2000Hz
4000 Hz
500Hz
1500 Hz
1b
single
Acoustic dip is dip seen in pure tone audiometry due to noise trauma, which is seen typically at 4 kHz i.e. 4000 Hz.
ENT
null
0afd34c4-7f6e-412b-850f-e19a5bfa4d2b
Most common drug used for prophylaxis of migraine is
Sumatriptan
Propranolol
Valproate
Flunarizine
1b
single
Ref: HL Sharma 3rd ed Pg no: 191 beta blockers are the first line of choice for chronic migraine or migraine prophylaxis
Pharmacology
Autonomic nervous system
94c17081-e0e5-4888-b10b-2cfabd2f0b03
The erectile disorder in males is more specifically treated with which of the following agents?
Sildenafil
Diazepam
Fluoxetine
Zolpidem
0a
multi
Sldenafil: Sildenafil acts by selectively inhibiting PDE-5 and enhancing NO action in corpus cavernosum. Penile tumescence during sexual arousal is improved, but it has no effect on penile tumescence in the absence of sexual activity. It does not cause priapism in most recipients. Oral bioavailability of sildenafil is ...
Pharmacology
Other topics and Adverse effects
247e60f5-28fd-46f9-ab8b-55eb2bc4f1f8
Kata Thermometer is used to measure ?
Maximum temperature
Minimum temperature
Radiant heat
Cooling power of air
3d
single
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Cooling power of air
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
5185292c-470b-4dac-b597-4eed410df0e7
A 35yr old female who was an Occasional drinker complained of Severe Pruritis that becomes more bothersome in evening. On examination, patient was noted to have icteric sclera. Lab tests revealed anti-mitochondrial antibodies. What is the possible diagnosis?
Primary sclerosing cholangitis
Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis
Primary biliary cirrhosis
Alcoholic cirrhosis
2c
multi
PBC- primary biliary cirrhosis Autoimmune disorder M/C in females Pathology Progressive destruction of intrahepatic bile ducts only Diagnostic appearance - florid duct lesion with lymphocytic infiltration and granulomatous inflammation Clinical features Pruritis precedes jaundiceQ Pruritis and fatigue - characteristic ...
Surgery
Bile duct
7c16c6cb-79f2-4140-9eb8-3e15ce7bf947
Snow storm appearance and loose bodies of knee joint is seen in:
Chondromalacia patella
Ewings sarcoma
Chondromatosis synoe
Lateral band syndrome
2c
single
Chondromatosis synoe
Surgery
null
4bf9df44-ed6f-49e1-965f-3f02783b2469
Hypokalemic Hypeension is a feature of?
Bater syndrome
Gitelman syndrome
Grave's disease
Liddle syndrome
3d
single
Liddle syndrome: Is a defect in aldosterone receptor ENaC which exhibits a reduced degradation and results in channel being in open configuration for a longer duration. This enhances mineralocoicoid action and leads to enhanced urinary loss of potassium. Choice A and B have normal to low BP since both have salt wasting...
Medicine
Disorders of Adrenal Gland
bb2d2bfa-2357-433b-bc9c-b4c1ba1db59c
Following a boating injury in an industrial-use river, a patient begins to display fever, tachycardia, and a rapidly expanding area of erythema, blistering, and drainage from a flank wound. An x-ray shows gas in the soft tissues. Which of the following measures is most appropriate?
Administration of an antifungal agent
Administration of antitoxin
Wide debridement
Administration of hyperbaric O2
2c
single
Necrotizing skin and soft tissue infections may produce insoluble gases (hydrogen, nitrogen, methane) through anaerobic bacterial metabolism. While the term "gas gangrene" has come to imply clostridial infection, gas in tissues is more likely not to be caused by Clostridium species but rather to other facultative and o...
Anaesthesia
Miscellaneous
b02a0880-4fc7-46d1-83a9-d86a8f1f077c
Estrogen and progesterone in the first 2 months pregnancy are produced by:
Fetal ovaries
Fetal adrenal
Placenta
Corpus luteum
3d
single
Ans: D. Corpus luteum(Ref Williams 24/e p169; Ganong 25/e p412, 24/e p414).Estrogen and progesterone in first 2 months of pregnancy - Produced by Corpus luteum.Functions of corpus luteum:Enlarged corpus luteum of pregnancy secretes estrogens, progesterone & relaxin.Progesterone & relaxin -Helps maintain pregnancy.By in...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
98c83d60-45ac-4e65-a241-1b07f91779dd
An 8-year-old boy has failure to thrive, alopecia totalis, localized scleroderma, a small face and jaw, a "beak" nose, wrinkled skin, and stiff joints. He is determined to have a single-point mutation in a nuclear protein, which is a silent mutation in terms of the primary structure of the protein. How could such a mut...
Through altering the tertiary structure of the protein
Inhibiting DNA replication
By introducing a premature stop codon into the protein
By creating an alternative splice site in the gene
3d
multi
The child is expressing the symptoms of Hutchinson-Gilford progeria, a premature aging disease, which is due to a mutation in the LMNA gene, which encodes lamin A, a nuclear protein. The most common mutation is C1824T, in which the normal cytosine at position 1,824 of the gene is replaced by a thymine. This is a silent...
Biochemistry
Molecular Genetics
d305a058-495e-4a70-ab20-7152d4a7cf19
Antifungal which can be used orally but not iv is?
Voriconazole
Amphoterecin B
Terbinafine
None of the above
2c
multi
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Terbinafine
Pharmacology
null
daaafe18-ca79-4176-aa05-f1c61cda3400
A 48-years-old male had a road traffic accident and was brought to emergency. All of the following are done as a part of primary survey except.
CT abdomen for bleeder identification
Airway checking
BP recording
Cervical spine stabilization
0a
multi
Ans. A. CT abdomen for bleeder identificationExplanationThis initial assessment, also termed the primary survey, follows the mnemonic ABCDE:Airway and cervical spine protectionBreathingCirculationDisability or neurologic conditionExposure and environmental controlAlgorithm for management of a trauma victim:
Surgery
Trauma
d6e86e4e-45c7-4e74-9ff0-5b3062e21bad
Sanitary toilets can decrease incidence of all except
Diarrhoea
Poliomyelitis
Malaria
Cholera
2c
multi
Diarrhea, Poliomyelitis, and cholera are transmitted by faeco-oral route Malaria is a vector-borne disease transmitted by Anopheles mosquito. Hence sanitary toilets and hand washing practices cannot prevent Malaria. Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, 25th Edition, Pg 831
Social & Preventive Medicine
Environment and health
b72d8171-4793-474b-af8f-b0c2abc77f67
Which of the following is not a goal of population based cancer registry?
Administrative information
Determination of cancer rates and trends
Patterns of care and outcomes
Cancer prevention
0a
single
Ans. a. Administrative information
Social & Preventive Medicine
Epidemiology
765c59e4-4893-4eee-ab34-ed483f5909c8
Fatal dose of radiation is:
1 rad
5 rad
50 rad
500 rad
3d
single
Ans: d (500 rads) Ref: Harrison, 16th ed, p. 488Fatal dose of radiation is 500 radslGy=100 radFeatures of acute total body radiationDoseSyndromes associatedFeatures<2 Gy Usually require little or no therapy;Just monitor the counts2-8 GyHaematopoietic syndromeDeath in2-4 weeks due to bone marrow failure5-12 GyGastro int...
Radiology
Radiation Dose and Safety Considerations in Imaging
8b2abf48-4c52-475d-bb8a-453b28c97d81
Which of the following is a specific marker for ewings sarcoma?
CD 45
CD 99
HMB-45
CD1a
1b
single
CD 99 (MIC 2 ) is a specific marker for ewings sarcoma
Pathology
null
8123e928-ca6b-4d92-b058-2562a051d458
Which is the most common organism responsible pyogenic liver abscess
S. Aureus
Klebsiella
E. Coli
M. Tuberculosis
2c
single
E Coli is Which is the most common organism responsible pyogenic liver abscess.
Surgery
null
695c33a2-470c-4f0b-ab80-45a39a172334
Minimum needs programme includes all except
Rural water supply
Nutrition
Adult education
Sanitation
3d
multi
Ref:Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine 25th Ed Pg.no.519
Social & Preventive Medicine
Health programmes in India
c86e83fa-dd55-4bad-9690-bab01c7ab771
A patient suffering from morning stiffness >1 hour, presents with the following abnormality in the X-ray. What can be the most possible diagnosis:
Psoriatic arthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis
Osteoarthritis
Relapsing polychondritis
1b
single
Ans. B Rheumatoid arthritisClassic Swan neck deformityQ (DIP joint flexion and PIP joint extension) with marked changes at the radiocarpal joint.
Radiology
Skeletal System
66df77e4-5567-45fe-94ba-39312f051a1e
A child presents with a history of scorpion sting.He is having increased sweating. What is the next best step -
Lytic cocktail
Atropine
Antevenom
Local xylocaine infiltration
0a
multi
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Lytic cocktailo Lytic cocktail contains promethazine + pethidine + chlorpromazine.o Lytic cocktail therapy alone or in combination with steroids is useful in the treatment of peripheral circulatory failure in scorpion sting.
Pediatrics
null
6d8ccba8-6e3a-4435-b826-71ea1b9dde1e
The inhalational bronchodilator with long duration of action is:
Salbutamol
Theophylline
Ipratropium bromide
Tiotropium bromide
3d
single
Tiotropium bromide : A newer congener of ipratropium bromide which binds very tightly to bronchial M1 / M3 muscarinic receptors producing long lasting bronchodilatation. Reference: Essentials of Medical Pharmacology Eighth Edition KD TRIPATHI page no 128
Pharmacology
null
8f1e28e3-93f6-4c48-b76e-ec6fef6d2ea4
Which of the following is not associated with Diabetes mellitus?
Cushing's syndrome
Acromegaly
Hypothyroidism
Pheochromocytoma
2c
single
ANSWER: (C) HypothyroidismREF: Harrison's 18th ed ch: 344Endocrinopathies associated with Diabetes are:AcromegalyCushings syndromeGlucagonomaPheochromocytomaHyperthyroidismSomatostatinomaAldosteronoma
Medicine
Diabites & Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone
94d1ee06-8b7c-4aea-8117-f8785f94e2f0
Dimorphic fungi are all except
Coccidioidomycosis
Blastomycosis
Candida
Histoplasma
2c
multi
Candida is a yeast-like fungus and is not having a mycelial phase Reference: Textbook of Microbiology; Baveja; 4th edition
Microbiology
mycology
629939d5-2989-485c-8051-7ec91f016bf0
Choose the true statement about mit DNA:
Few mutation compared to nuclear DNA
It has 3x109 base pairs
It receives 23 chromosomes from each parent
It codes for less than 20% of the proteins involved in respiratory chain
3d
multi
Ans. D. It codes for less than 20% of the proteins involved in respiratory chainIn ETC there are around 67 subunits, out it 13 proteins are coded by Mit DNA, which comes around 19%.Mitochondrial DNA has high mutation rate almost 5 to 10 times that of nuclear DNA.It has 16,569 bpMitochondrial DNA has maternal inheritanc...
Biochemistry
Molecular Genetics
15010fcb-950e-46e2-8bcb-246768944481
Emergency management of Ulcerative colitis is by
Proctocolectomy
Right hemicolectomy
Left hemicolectomy
Total proctocolectomy with end ileostomy
3d
single
(D) Total Proctocolectomy with end ileostomy# OPERATIVE MANAGEMENT OF ULCERATIVE COLITIS:> Emergent Operation:- In a patient with fulminant colitis or toxic megacolon, total abdominal colectomy with end ileostomy, rather than total proctocolectomy, is recommended.> Although the rectum is invariably diseased, most patie...
Surgery
Miscellaneous
1a8b0cf7-f674-4339-ba6f-a664cb96178d
A case of carcinoma larynx with the involvement of anterior commissure and right vocal cord, developed perichondritis of thyroid cartilage. Which of the following statements is true for the management of this case -
He should be given radical radiotherapy as this can cure early tumors
He should be treated with combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy
He should first receive radiotherapy and if residual tumor is present then should undergo laryngectomy
He should first undergo laryngectomy and then post-operative radiotherapy
3d
multi
Perichondritis of thyroid cartilage in a patient of Ca larynx suggests invasion of thyroid cartilage i.e. stage T4. Stage T4 lesions glottic cancer earlier were managed by total laryngectomy with neck dissection for clinically positive nodes and post operative radiotherapy if nodes are not palpable. These days chemorad...
ENT
null
eef15e01-bcef-44de-bc65-998736e5e68c
Disclosure of name of rape victim punishable under: AI 12; AIIMS 13
Sec. 304-A IPC
Sec. 354 IPC
Sec. 376 IPC
Sec. 228-A IPC
3d
single
Ans. Sec. 228-A IPC
Forensic Medicine
null
1a76293a-36da-4f5b-adf6-7eb70c0e2ed3
Pseudotrichiasis is seen in:
Entropion
Ectropion
Distichiasis
Healed membranous conjunctivitis
0a
single
Ans. Entropion
Ophthalmology
null
ffdd8904-708d-4cbe-9d60-671ec386838c
Heparin acts
Antithrombin III
Factor VIII
Thromboplastin
Factor V
0a
single
.
Pathology
All India exam
54807728-6e38-47c8-b522-b5cf5a4d2579
An otherwise healthy male presents with a creamy curd like white patch on the tongue. The probable diagnosis is
Candidiasis
Histoplasmosis
Lichen Planus
Aspergillosis
0a
single
A i.e. Candidiasis
Skin
null
47449965-fbea-4adb-ba5a-2bab5cf63d21
Wormian bones are seen in all except -
Fibrous dysplasia
Osteogenesis inperfecta
Cretinism
Rickets
0a
multi
Ans. is 'a' i.e.. Fibrous dysplasia Wormian boneso Wormian bones are extra bone pieces that occur within a suture in the cranium.o These are irregular isolated bones which appear in addition to the usual centers of ossification of the cranium,o They occur most frequently in the course of the lambdoid suture,o Causes of...
Orthopaedics
Pediatric Orthopedics
98c802b7-63ca-4038-9413-b94d7d3b8785
Which of the following is the MOST useful index for the measure of the burden of disease in a defined population?
Park's index
Disability adjusted life years
Morbidity propoion
Case fatality rate
1b
single
Disability adjusted life years (DALY) is a measure of the burden of disease in a defined population and the effectiveness of the intervention. Case fatality rate indicates killing power of a disease. REMEMBER: Sullivan's index is the most advanced indicator available for disability Ref: Park's textbook of Preventive an...
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
32546c99-60f1-4253-9f71-acb1300f9fbb
All have beta lactam ring EXCEPT -
Penicillin
Linezolid
Cefotaxime
Imipenem
1b
multi
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Linezolid beta-lactam antibiotics contain beta-lactam ring. These are penicillins, cephalosporins (e.g. cefotoxime), monobactams (aztreonam) and carbapenems (imipenem, meropenem).
Pharmacology
null
5f55cadf-277c-418b-adbe-76357c2d84a1
The most common pure germ cell tumor of the ovary is:
Choriocarcinoma
Dysgerminoma
Embryonal cell tumor
Malignant Teratoma
1b
single
Dysgerminoma is the most common malignant germ cell malignancy of the ovary, accounting for about 40% of all ovarian cancers of germ cell origin. Ref: Multimodality Therapy in Gynecologic Oncology By BU. Sevin, 1996, Page 137
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
2d785da8-6870-40f4-8cbb-a1686c0f0259
The components of fourth generation dentin bonding systems are described as
Self etching adhesive
Self etching primer/adhesive
Total etch, multi bottle
Total etch, single bottle
2c
single
As in the fourth-generation adhesives, enamel and dentin are etched simultaneously; these systems were initially called the “total-etch” technique, now they are commonly known as the “three-step etch-and-rinse” technique. Ref : Talal A, Nasim HM, Khan AS. Enamel etching and dental adhesives. InAdvanced Dental Biomateri...
Dental
null
44ec8bf8-f71a-4b1e-bf14-730c3561fc67
Percentage of water in amniotic fluid :
42%
64%
76%
99%
3d
single
Composition of amniotic fluid : Water -98-99% Solid -1-2% -Inorganic, Organic, Suspended paicles. Ref:Datta Obs 9e pg 34.
Anatomy
General obstetrics
7e7c6444-9b8b-4c49-9bce-f0b10bc5a5be
In which of the following condition snow banking is seen:
Leprotic uveitis
Candidiasis
Pars planitis
Fuchs iridocyclitis
2c
single
Pars planitis is a chronic form of cyclitis seen in children and young adults. In 80% of cases it affects both eyes. Main presenting symptom is floaters before the eyes. Eye is usually quiet with mild flare and a few small KPs. Anterior vitreous contains numerous cells and indirect ophthalmoscopy reveals snowball or co...
Surgery
null
b3f6b09b-72a1-4ac4-92f7-62cc9e887271
On sectioning of an organ at the time of autopsy, a focal, wedge-shaped firm area is seen accompanied by extensive hemorrhage, with a red appearance. The lesion has a base on the surface of the organ. This findings is typically of -
Lung with pulmonary thromboembolism
Hea with coronary thrombosis
Liver with hypovolemic shock
Kidney with septic embolus
0a
multi
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Lung with pulmonary thromboembolism o This is red infarct that is typically seen in lung. o Hea, liver and kidney (Solid organs) develop white infarct.
Pathology
null
0797078b-18f4-4b37-8e6e-78fc603c5875
A child has got a congenital cataract involving the visual axis which was detected by the parents right at birth. This child should be operated –
Immediately
At 2 months of age
At 1 year of age when the globe becomes normal sized
After 4 years when entire ocular and orbital growth becomes normal
0a
single
Congenital unilateral cataract involving visual axis requires urgent surgery, as early as possible, i.e. within days. However, you should keep in mind that surgery is inadvisable after 16 weeks (4 months) of age as the amblyopia is refractory Congenital bilateral cataract Dense :- Early surgery by 4-6 weeks of age. P...
Ophthalmology
null
41d2ebf7-7d17-4d3a-a30b-184a2bc23bea
Phagocytic cells in the CNS are
Oligodendrocytes
Schwanncells
Astrocytes
Microglial cells
3d
single
Microglia are scavenger cells that resemble tissue macrophages and remove debris resulting from injury infection and disease. Microglia arise from macrophages outside the nervous system. (Ref: Ganong&;s review of medical physiology; 23rd edition; pg:80)
Physiology
Nervous system
1ef17f75-ed27-4d81-8ce6-10df51bf0bb5
Which of the following is not a pa of management in grade III dog bite infected with rabies: March 2009, September 2012
Vaccination
Stitch the wound with antibiotic coverage
Wash with soap and water
Administration of antirabies serum and vaccination
1b
single
Ans. B: Stitch the wound with antibiotic coverage Wound cleansing and immunizations, done as soon as possible after suspect contact with an animal and following WHO recommendations, can prevent the onset of rabies in viually 100% of exposures. Recommended treatment to prevent rabies depends on the category of the conta...
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
81748e55-9733-4959-8c11-e25815212114
Toxoid is prepared from
Exotoxin
Endotoxin
Both
None
0a
multi
Ceain organisms produce exotoxins,e.g, diphtheria and tetanus bacilli. The toxins produced by these organisms are detoxified and used in the preparation of vaccine The antibodies produced neutralize the toxic moiety produced during infection, rather than act upon the organism. (refer pgno:105 park 23 rd edition)
Social & Preventive Medicine
Epidemiology
c4afae86-fc2b-4874-8ba8-9ca19e1b0f2a
Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is the cause of chickenpox and herpes zoster. Which of the following statements are true or false? a) Humans are the only known reservoir for VZV b) Secondary and teiary cases within families are associated with a relatively small number of vesicles c) The most common infectious complicatio...
a,c, e-True b,d-False
a,c,d,e-True b-False
b,c,d,e-True a-False
a,b,c,d,e-True None -False
1b
multi
This is an impoant question, Younger children tend to have fewer vesicles than older individuals. Secondary and teiary cases within families are associated with a relatively large number of vesicles. Ref: Harrisons Principles of Internal Medicine, 18th Edition, Page 1463.
Medicine
null
11e7f1db-d167-428d-81ab-31942273c6a2
Elderly primi is above :
30 years
35 years
37 years
45 years
0a
multi
30 years
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
e04018ed-7b64-42bc-9489-1a07fd810f48
Sandstorm appearance on Chest radiograph is characteristic of?
Pulmonary edema
Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis
Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis
Pulmonary thromboembolism
2c
single
Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis is a chronic disease characterized by widespread diffuse bilateral intraalveolar accumulation of minute calculi (microlithiasis) especially in mid and lower zones, giving characteristic sandstrom appearance on chest radiographs.
Radiology
Respiratory Radiology
4256776a-5fef-41b7-b430-7d5480b383b0
Deoxy ribonucleic acid is formed from:
Ribonuclease
Ribonucleotide monophosphate
Ribonucleotide diphosphate
Ribonucleotide triphosphate
2c
single
Ans. C. Ribonucleotide diphosphate(Ref: Harper 31/e page 312)Reduction of the 2'-hydroxyl of purine and pyrimidine ribonucleotides, catalyzed by the ribonucleotide reductase complex, provides the deoxyribonucleoside diphosphates (dNDPs) needed for both the synthesis and repair of DNA
Biochemistry
Molecular Genetics
b97fdff2-dfd0-4ed3-bc08-4232a6fc2a6a
True about dengue hemorrhagic fever are all except: March 2012
Thrombocytopenia
Thrombosis
Lymphadenopathy
Fever
1b
multi
Ans: B i.e. Thrombosis Dengue hemorrhagic fever In mild forms of dengue hemorrhagic fever, there is thrombocytopenia and haemoconcentration Minor (petechiae, ecchymoses, epistaxis) or major (gastrointestinal or cerebrovascular) haemorrhagic signs may occur in dengue hemorrhagic fever Acute onset presents with fever, ba...
Medicine
null
3206ff70-16bc-40a7-9bec-c7753159fc1d
Acrodynia/Pink disease occurs in poisoning with
Mercury
Lead
Arsenic
Thallium
0a
multi
MERCURY (QUICKSILVER) Chronic Poisoning (Hydrargyrism):- This may result from (1) continuous accidental absorption (2) excessive therapeutic use, (3) fromrecovery from a large dose, and ( 4) if ointment is used as external application for a long time. Chronic exposure leads to classic triad of gingivitis and salivation...
Forensic Medicine
Poisoning
d69f816e-58a9-4343-b265-5ef797f42ff0
An obese woman of 49 years of age, affluent woman with diabetes and hypeension, complains of heavy menstrual bleeding with delayed and irregular cycles. Which of these is the most impoant cause that should be ruled out in this patient?
Cancer cervix
Ca endometrium
Fibroid uterus
Polycystic ovaries
1b
single
Risk factors for ca endometrium are Nulliparity Late menopause Obesity Diabetes mellitus Unopposed estrogen therapy Tamoxifen therapy Atypical endometrial hyperplasia Lynch II syndrome 20 Since the patient here is 49 yrs, obese, and diabetic, endometrial cancer must be ruled out here.
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Post menopausal bleeding
5282149b-8194-485e-ac2f-990ef7b51f67
Which does not act by blocking NMDA receptors?
Methoxetamine
Methadone
Ketamine
Diltiazem
3d
single
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Diltiazem Drugs acting by blocking NMDA receptors are: Methoxetamine Phencyclidine Methadone Dizocilpine Felbamate Dextropropoxyphene Acamprost Tramadol Ketamine Pethidine Atomoxetine Nitrous oxide
Pharmacology
null
83a6695a-3a9c-4861-b8f9-e347a0569712
The most common malignant neoplasm of infancy is –
Malignant teratoma
Neuroblastoma
Wilms' tumor
Hepatoblastoma
1b
single
Neuroblastoma is the most frequently diagnosed neoplasm in infants accounting for 28-39% of neonatal malignancies' - Nelson. Neuroblastoma Neuroblastoma is a malignant tumor of the autonomic nervous system. It has following peculiarities : - Most common abdominal cancer of childhood. Most common cancer of infancy Mos...
Pediatrics
null
00e9aa73-f37c-4aff-9f70-6e9c8a271f12
Isochromatic chas are used for: March 2008
Contrast sensitivity
Testing colour vision
Visual fields chaing
Visual acuity testing
1b
single
Ans. B: Testing colour vision Isochromatic chas/Japanese Ishihara chas is used for testing colour vision and it largely identifies red-green anomalies. The American Hardy-Rand-Ritler (H-R-R) test identifies blue-yellow anomalies.
Ophthalmology
null
efd16ea0-08f7-4a52-adf8-5219cc344f4e
Drug contraindicated in pregnancy :
Angiotensin receptor blockers
Beta blockers
Calcium channel blockers
Thiazides
0a
single
Ans. (a) Angiotensin receptor blockersRef KDT 6th ed. 553* ACEs are the drugs which inhibit the conversion of angiotensin-I to angiotensin-II. They can cause severe fetal malformations when given in the second and third trimesters.* These include: Hypocalvaria and renal dysfunction and are also teratogenic and because ...
Unknown
null
dbf8d220-04ef-469c-8832-cff23be102cd
Increase in threshold level on applying subthreshold, slowly rising stimulus is known as
Adaptation
Accomodation
Refractoriness
Electrotonus
1b
single
Accommodation- Slow rising subthreshold stimulus failing to produce action potential even when the normal threshold levels are reached. This occurs because of inactivation of voltage-gated Na+ channels. Adaptation- Persistent application of suprathreshold stimulus fails to generate repetitive firing. Refractoriness- A...
Physiology
null
1c514df8-c965-4485-9bd6-6430b14368b5
Salivary amylase is Inactivated by -
Enteropeptidase
Low pH of the stomach
High pH of the intestine
None
1b
multi
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Low pH of the stomach o Saliva contains amylase (salivary amylase or ptyalin), which hydrolyzes starch into disaccharide maltose and a mixture of oligosaccharides. o Its action is very short- lasting because it is inactivated by acidic gastric pH (< 3) shortly after entering the stomach. Salivary amyl...
Physiology
Digestion and Absorption
bd7b3dcf-abdf-4a4e-a4c0-da28e2ae20df
Which of the following is true about pleomorphic adenoma except -
Most common tumor of salivary glands
Has a tendency to invade perineural space
Most commonly involves the parotid gland
It is also called a mixed tumor
1b
multi
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Has a tendency to invade perineural space Pleomorphic adenomao This is the Commonest neoplasm of Salivary glands.o The most Common salivary gland involved is Parotid - represent about 60% tumors in the parotid,o Submandibular and minor salivary glands may also be involved rarely,o Pleomorphic adenoma ...
Unknown
null
75a98098-f8fb-46c9-984a-65d4a4610c99
Which of the following methods is used for demonstrating old washed up blood-stains-
Infrared photography
Luminol spray
Ultaviolet light
Magnify lens
1b
single
Ref: The synopsis of forensic medicine and toxicology-Dr.K.S.Narayana Reddy 28th edition pg no-247 age of blood stain fresh stains on light coloured clothes are of bright red colour,which gradually changes to reddish brown in 24hrs and brown within a few days which may become black after a long time .fresh stains are m...
Forensic Medicine
Special topics
75f913e3-3121-4cc9-ac1a-532c1da669f7
Alcohol causes hypoglycemia due to ?
Decreased gluconeogenesis
Decreased NADH
Decreased lipogenesis
Decreased glycogenesis
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Decreased gluconeogenesisExcess intake of alcohol leads to excessive production of NADH with a concomitant decrease in NAD+.This causes following metabolic alterations :-i) The increase availability of NADH ours the reduction of pyruvate to lactate and oxaloacetate to malate and decreasing its availab...
Biochemistry
null
8b7a8f39-9807-4b50-ae66-80369a9e7cef
What is proposed mechanism of dissociative anesthesia effect of ketamine:-
Inhibition of thalmocoical pathway
Stimulation of limbic system
Both
None
2c
multi
Ketamine produces dissociative anesthesia which is characterized by a state wherein the patient is conscious (eg., eye opening, swallowing, muscle contracture) but unable to process or respond to sensory input. It acts as an antagonist at the phencyclidine site of the NMDA receptor. Ketamine functionally "dissociates" ...
Anaesthesia
Intravenous Anesthetic Agents
e284cd9f-976c-4736-8d32-6f236a1e1b83
Type of nerve fiber most susceptible to local anaesthetic
A
B
C
All are equally susceptible
2c
multi
Type C fibres are most susceptible to LA, type A are the least susceptible. While type A fibres are most susceptible to pressure. Ref: Ganongs review of physiology; 25th edition; pg: 95
Physiology
Nervous system
4bc14159-71c7-48a8-8fb8-332a8a61f6b1
Which nerve is involved?
Long thoracic Nerve
Musculocutaneous nerve
Lateral anterior thoracic nerve
Thoracodorsal nerve
0a
single
Ans. (a) Long Thoracic NerveNerve involvedMuscleLong thoracic NerveSerratus anteriorMusculocutaneous NerveCoracobrachialis muscleLateral anterior thoracic NervePectoralis major muscleThoracodorsal NerveLatissmus Dorsi
Anatomy
Back, Deltoid, and Scapular Region
1247965a-bf5b-46a9-b2fe-5c6661718d0a
The drug NOT used in acute asthma is -
Salbutamol
Ipratropium
Monteleukast
Hydrocortisone
2c
single
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Monteleukast o Monteleukast and zafirleukast are indicated for prophylactic therapy of mild to moderate asthma as an alternative to inhaled corticosteroids. However they are not used to terminate acute attack of asthma.o b2-agonists used in AsthmaShort acting - Salbutamol, terbutalineLong acting - Sal...
Pharmacology
Asthma
7b5991f5-e83e-45ec-b347-7591ba168898
Not true about somnambulism among the following is
Low level motor skill/function is present
Sleep walking
Disorder of sleep arousal
Patient consciousness is not preserved
0a
multi
* Somnambulism is an arousal parasomnia consisting of a series of complex behaviours that result in large movements in bed or walking during sleep. * Also called sleep walking, in this condition individual arises from bed and ambulates without fully awakening. * Individuals can engage in a variety of complex behaviours...
Psychiatry
Sleep disorders and eating disorders
3b04e339-b1c5-4b99-b77d-5405b8c4637c
Most common bone to be fractured in a baby, during birth
Fracture humerus
Fracture clavicle
Fracture scapula
Fracture femur
1b
single
During birth, the most common bone to be fractured in the baby is clavicle.
Anatomy
null
8c8b25fc-56dc-4424-97b3-734ff05749ec
Trigmenial nerve has how many nuclei in CNS:
Three
Four
Five
Six
1b
single
B i.e. FourTrigeminal nerve has 4 nucleiQ which are main sensory nucleus (carrying sensation from face & anterior scalp)Q, motor nucleus (supplying muscles of mastication, tensor tympani /palatini, mylohyoid & digastric anterior belly), mesencephalic nucleus and spinal nucleus (extending in medulla oblongata & spinal c...
Anatomy
null
19b1e51a-7684-413d-909d-602138382f9d
All are true about lymphedema except
Prevalence of 0.1-2%
Interstitial fluid accumulation
Severe Lymphedema if limb volume > 40%
Primary lymphedema sets in by age of 2
3d
multi
Lymphoedema may be defined as abnormal limb swelling caused by the accumulation of increased amounts of high protein ISF secondary to defective lymphatic drainage in the presence of (near) normal net capillary filtration. At bih, 1 in 6000 people will develop lymphoedema with an overall prevalence of 0.13-2%.The severi...
Surgery
General surgery
d87c14f7-43bd-4c51-bcb8-a0ed3968a999
Hard ticks are responsible for the transmission of several different kinds of organisms. All of the following diseases are spread by hard tick, EXCEPT:
Relapsing fever
Indian tick typhus
Tularemia
Kyasanur Forest Disease
0a
multi
Relapsing fever is a vector-borne disease caused by spirochetes of the genus Borrelia. Epidemic relapsing fever is transmitted to humans by body lice (Pediculus humanus) and endemic relapsing fever by soft-bodied ticks (genus Ornithodoros). Indian tick typhus is caused by Rickettsia conorii. Regional names for this dis...
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
00f1de38-222e-4763-ae4b-95e86fbbfad7
Heat stiffening in muscles occurs above temperature (degC) -
30
40
50
60
3d
multi
Heat stiffening of muscles occur in temperature above 60 degree celsius due to denaturation and coagulation of muscle proteins. It simulates rigor mois. This remains till decomposition stas and there was no rigor mois. Dr. Narayana Reddys Synopsis of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology 27 th edition pg. 80.
Forensic Medicine
Death and postmortem changes
5d1906d8-a774-425a-8b79-d8d426ba2809
Which of the following subtance is toxic to neurons?
Unconjugated bilirubin
Bile salt
Haemoglobin
Melanin
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Unconjugated bilirubin
Pediatrics
null
800381d4-cb35-4542-9e52-324d262b872e
In Sickle Cell Anaemia defect is in which chain:
Alphachain
Beta chain
Both the chains
None of these
1b
multi
Beta chain
Pathology
null
fd175f8d-1b68-46ff-848c-dc00b8c3dc76
Diagnosis of the fundus examination:
Papillitis
Papilledema
Cupping of the disk
Silver wire appearance
1b
single
Ans. (b) Papilledema.
Ophthalmology
Retina
3bc83b0e-85f2-4850-b5c5-ef3e2d4c87ee
Vague elaborate and circumstantial speech with magical thinking is characteristic of :
Paranoid
Borderline
Schizoid
Schizotypal
3d
single
Schizotypal (cluster A ) personality is characterized by odd speech that is vague or rambling, discomfo in social situations, strange thinking and lack of emotional appropriateness *Ideas of reference (not delusions) *Odd beliefs and magical thinking *Unusual perceptual disturbances *Paranoid ideation and suspiciousnes...
Psychiatry
All India exam
56f34dbb-f20f-4f86-ab90-7ba1c7bf481b
Which of the following is primary cell line ?
Chick embryo fibroblast
Hela cells
Vero cells
WI-38
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Chick embryo fibroblast Chick embryo fibroblast is primary cell culture.
Microbiology
null
d4039ef1-001a-49a0-8770-462c7f4db81e
Which of the following is not true about hypoxanthineguanine phosphoribosyl transferase?
Predominantly present in liver
Involved in purine metabolism
PRPP is the substrate required
Its deficiency leads to Lysch Nyhan disease.
2c
multi
"SALVAGE REACTIONS" CONVE PURINES & THEIR NUCLEOSIDES TO MONONUCLEOTIDES Conversion of purines, their ribonucleosides, and their deoxyribonuc]eosides to mononucleotides involves so- called "salvage reactions" that require far less energy than de novo synthesis. The more impoant mechanism involves phosphoribosylation by...
Surgery
null
f988898f-2b1d-4e67-a441-0a1152394585
Mucosa is never involved in which of the following
Dermatitis herpetiformis
Pemphigus vulgaris
Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita
Toxic epidermal necrolysis
0a
single
Dermatitis herpetiformis presents with intense episodic pruritus and skin lesions like erythematous papules which rapidly turn into grouped vesicles.In pemphigus vulgaris skin involvement stas in the form of flaccid blisters. Cutaneous lesions are usually preceded by blisters and erosions of oral mucosa.Toxic epidermal...
Dental
Vestibulobullous disorders
0ceaea9e-c661-46de-b56e-36a9773829d4
Gastrosplenic ligament is derived from?
Splenic artery
Splenic vein
Dorsal mesogastrium
Ventral mesogastrium
2c
single
ANSWER: (C) Dorsal mesogastriumREF: Langman's Medical Embryology 9th edition 293The gastrosplenic ligament (ligamentum gastrosplenicum or gastrolienal ligament) is part of the greater omentum. Embryonically the gastrosplenic ligament is derived from the dorsal mesogastrium. The gastrosplenic ligament is made of periton...
Anatomy
Abdomen & Pelvis
af8ef7e4-ca6a-4ef7-a0df-9d06ed0e7c1c
Management of typical febrile seizures include all the following except:
Tepid sponging
Paracetamol and ibuprofen
Intermittent diazepam
Prophylactic phenobarbitone.
3d
multi
Ref: Current paediatrics diagnosis and treatment 18th/722,726 Prohylactic phenobarbitone is indicated for atypical febrile seizures only.
Pharmacology
Central Nervous system
1b4179fb-86aa-4f11-b79c-b1d9ce3d244f
Which of the following anticoagulant used in estimating blood glucose prevents glycolysis?
Oxalate
Citrate
Sodium fluoride
Heparin
2c
single
Enolase is inhibited by fluoride, and when blood samples are taken for measurement of glucose, glycolysis is inhibited by taking the sample into tubes containing fluoride. Enolase is also dependent on the presence of either Mg2+ or Mn2+ ions. Reference: Harper; 30th edition; Page no: 171
Biochemistry
Metabolism of carbohydrate
ca976844-c3b5-4772-a66c-40043eb143f6
Ramesh 40 yrs make patient presenting with polyuria,pain abdomen,nausea,vomitings,altered sensorium was found to have bronchiogenic carcinoma.the electrolyte abnormality seen in him would be
Hypokalemia
Hyperkalemia
Hypocalcaemia
Hypercalcaemia
3d
single
Presence of polyuria, abdominal pain and general Symptoms such as nausea, vomiting,and altered sensorium in a patuent with bronchiogenic carcinoma suggest a diagnosis of hypercalcaemia secondary to paraneoplastic syndrome from PTH related peptide production. Ref Harrison 19th edition pg 313
Anatomy
Respiratory system
ece80ffe-2c57-4404-ab9c-2d31ce8048af
Which of the following is not a feature of atypical depresslon?
TCAs are better than MAO and SSRI for treatment
Variable Mood responding to positive stimulus in surroundings
Increased sleep and weight gain
Marked fatigue and heaviness in the body
0a
single
Ans. A : TCAs are better than MAO and SSRI for treatment(Ref: Complete review ofpsychiatry by Dn Prashant Agrawal, ed-, 201g, ch - 3, pg, 60)SymptomAtypicalMood reactivityMood reactivity present (brightens in response to positive events)Weight appetite SleepSignificant weight gain or increase in appetite Excessive slee...
Psychiatry
null
f4873d26-d753-4048-bbe1-64d8649eb261
Non immunized susceptible diphtheria contacts should receive:
Erythromycin
Penicillin and diphtheria antitoxin
Penicillin, diphtheria antitoxin and DPT vaccine
No treatment is required
2c
single
Non immunized contacts should receive prophylactic penicillin or erythromycin. They should also be given 1000 to 2000 units of antitoxin and actively immunized against diphtheria. Ref: Park 21st edition, page 151.
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
9fd308d2-0a43-4bef-a757-b2fd22368cbb
MIBG (metaiodobenzyl guanithidine) is analogue to:
Epinephrine
Adenine
Norepinephrine
Guanine
2c
single
Answer- (C) NorepinephrinePheochromocytoma can be localized using radioactive tracers including 131 I-or 123 l- metaiodobenzyl guanithidine (MIBG), 111 ln-somatostatin analogues, or 18 F-dopa (or dopamine) Positron-emission tomography (PET).
Medicine
null
ca69c564-4381-4fc6-a468-e79263297c97
For myringoplasty, Graft material of choice is
Peritoneum
Palmar fascia
Temporalis fascia
Fascia lata
2c
single
Low metabolic rate, no need for a separate incision, same thickness as that of tympanic membrane ours the use of temporalis fascia. Other graft materials also include perichondrium, dura and cadaveric tympanic membrane. Re: Textbook of Ear, Nose and Throat, Dhingra, 6th Edition
ENT
Diagnostic and operative ENT