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e4e19d91-50a3-4419-8ff3-e6f006a4948a | A 40 year old man underwent kidney transplantation. Two month after transplantation,
he developed fever and feature suggestive of bilateral diffuse interstitial pneumonia. Which of the following is most likely etiologic agent ? | Herpes simplex virus | Cytomegalovirus | Epstein-barr virus | Varicella - zoster virus | 1b | single | It is a case of diffuse interstitial pneumonitis due to CMV.
Remember :
CMV is the MC infection complicating organ transplantation.
CMV is MC cause of intrauterine infection.
Risk of post transplant CMV infection is greatest 5-13 weeks after transplant.
Infections after Kidney Transplantation | Microbiology | null |
8aafe361-7249-4650-bcd6-b0e6df548e26 | The best drug for treatment of IUGR is: | Aspirin | Nitric oxide donors | Anti oxidants | None of the above | 3d | multi | None of the above | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
35ef2e6c-8b32-4183-9277-3b03fed1cdcb | A soft contact lens wearer developed pain and itching of the eye and showed a reticular pattern on the corneal epithelium. The cause could be – | Corneal dystrophy | Acanthamoeba | Pseudomonas | Virus | 1b | single | Reticular patter of keratitis in a contact lens wearer is seen in Acanthamoeba.
Initially the Acanthamoeba keratitis shows typical reticular pattern due to radial keratoneuritis (Radial perineuritis), i.e. inflitrates along corneal nerves.
Due to this, the pain is very severe (neurological due to perineuritis) which is... | Ophthalmology | null |
105d51f0-888f-4db2-8594-aabaf918c472 | Largest amounts of prostaglandins are seen in | Seminal fluid | CSF | Blood | Urine | 0a | single | Largest amounts of prostaglandins are seen in seminal fluidEach seminal vesicle is a touous, loculated tube lined with a secretory epithelium that secretes a mucoid material containing an abundance of fructose, citric acid, and other nutrient substances, as well as large quantities of prostaglandins and fibrinogen.Pros... | Physiology | Endocrinology |
3878e235-362b-4e8f-b0a7-463dd453080d | In Marfan's syndrome, Aoic aneurysm occurs most commonly in - | Ascending aoa | Descending aoa | Abdominal aoa | Arch of aoa | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Ascending Aoao In marfan syndrome, aoic aneurism typically begins at the base of aoa and involves ascending aoa. Clinical manifestations of marfan syndrome Skeletal abnormalitieso Patient is unusually tallo Fingers and hands are long and slender and have spider like appearance (arachnodactyly).o Becau... | Pathology | null |
324885e1-f88c-4db3-96b4-dcb5e193ad8a | Angiographically, the typical "beaded" or "pile of plates" appearance involving the internal carotid aery is observed in: | Takayu's disease | Non-specific aoo-aeritis | Fibromuscular dysplasia | Rendu-Osler-Weber Disease | 2c | multi | Ans. Fibromuscular dysplasia | Radiology | null |
c7d8a486-f2cc-4913-b058-901cbaa889ef | All are true regarding Toxoplasmosis, except- | Subclinical in most cases among adults | Intracerebral calcification in children | IgM antibody in new born suggests congenital infection | NOT infective in 3rd trimester in pregnancy | 3d | multi | Congenital infection during the first trimester of pregnancy may cause aboion or still bih.Second and third trimester infections induce less severe neurological damage. Cerebral calcification +convulsions +retinochoroiditis (refer pgno:67 baveja 3 rd edition) | Microbiology | parasitology |
f297406b-3c7e-4bb2-9faa-c777e105c505 | Cyst seen in vagina are all except: | Nebothian cyst | Gartner's cyst | Bartholin's cyst | Inclusion cyst | 0a | multi | Ans: A (Nebothian cyst) Ref: Shows Textbook of Gynecology 15th ed pg 136Explanation:VAGINAL CYSTSVaginal cysts are rare and are located more commonly in anterior vaginal wallGartner's cystArises from remnants of mesonephric ductLies in anterolateral aspect of vaginal wallSmall cyst is asymptomaticLarge cyst causes dysp... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Miscellaneous (Obs) |
20ef41c0-a691-4752-abb4-cb7755bd8326 | Preventing obesity is an example of which of the following types of prevention? (2014 Feb REPEAT) | Primordial | Primary | Secondary | Tertiary | 0a | single | Ans: A (Primordial prevention) Ref: Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, 22nd edition, pg: 39, 40Explanation:Preventing obesity becomes primordial prevention for most of the Non-communicable diseases.This is because the risk factor for other diseases is prevented, which means primordial prevention. Level ... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Concept of Control |
f30efe74-0327-4c9a-bc35-c37118e888e4 | Which of these is true of fetal circulation? | Fetal hea chambers work in series to effectively supply brain and hea with higher oxygenated blood | The ductus venosus is the main branch of umbilical aery | The oxygen content of blood delivered to hea from IVC is higher than that leaving the placenta | The more oxygenated blood in the right atrium crosses the foramen ovale to the left atrium | 3d | multi | In the supply of blood from placenta to the pas of fetal body we see two systems (1) Placenta - umbilical vein - ductus venosus - medial half of IVC - R.A. - L.A. - L.V. - aoa - brain and hea (2) Placenta - umbilical vein - ductus venosus - lateral half of IVC (+blood from lower extremities) R.A. - R.V. - pulmonary tru... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Obstetrics |
f524bb68-7d94-4665-84bb-19c4da55b459 | Capgras syndrome is ? | Sharing of delusion | Delusion of double | Erotomania | Hypochondriacal delusions | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Delusion of double Capgras syndrome is delusion of double. The delusional misidentification syndrome (DSM) DSM is characterized by misidentification delusions of other or self. Four main syndromes are differentiated : ? Capgras syndrome (Delusion of double) :- Patient falsely sees a familiar person as... | Psychiatry | null |
9b59e775-f556-44c1-9e54-0b0a4a58a06b | No.88 cowhorn forceps are specially designed to extract | Mandibular 1st molar. | Mandibular 3rd molar. | Maxillary 3rd molar. | All of the above. | 2c | multi | Cowhorn forceps are used for removal of grossly decayed maxillary and more commonly mandibular 3rd molars.
No. 16 and 23 Cowhorn forceps are used for removal of mandibular third molars and No. 88 cowhorn forceps are used for removal of maxillary third molars. | Surgery | null |
c9b8011a-4e40-4826-804e-4988cc861fb9 | Down syndrome is most commonly associated with | ASD with ostium secundum | ASD with ostium primum | VSD | TOF | 1b | single | An ostium primum atrial septal defect (ASD) occurs when then atrial septum near the atrioventricular valves has a communication between the two atrium causing a left to right shunt. The image to the right shows the location of the different types of atrial septal defects while looking from the right atrium. 1 = Upper s... | Pediatrics | Genetic and genetic disorders |
0f422f3f-53bd-4fc0-b78f-eefa85ad0deb | Disaccharidase enzyme present in- | Pancreas | Stomach | Small intestine | Liver | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Small intestine * Disaccharidases (surase, lactase) are present in brush border of small intestinal cells (duodenum and jejunum). | Physiology | G.I.T. |
61abae83-0f0c-4d11-a64e-0039d5993c40 | Antibody used in treatment of RSV infection is: | Omalizumab | Palivizumab | Rituximab | Daclizumab | 1b | single | Answer is B (Palivizumab): Palivizumab is a recombinant humanized, monoclonal IgG antibody directed against the RSV fusion protein. It is licensed for the prevention of serious lower respiratory tract infection caused by RSV in children at high risk Palivizumab should be administered intramuscularly as 15 mg/kg every 3... | Medicine | null |
85f75568-d215-4755-aef1-66c19cfa16c0 | Which of the following is true about upper 1/3' of the rectum? | It is covered by peritoneum only anteriorly | It is covered by peritoneum on the front, sides and back | It has no peritoneal attachments | It is covered by peritoneum on the sides and anteriorly | 3d | multi | Ans. is'd' i.e., It is covered by peritoneum on the sides and anteriorlylRef: Basic Human Anatomy, O'Rahilly, Muller Chapter 36)Upper 1/3'd of rectum Covered by peritoneum on the front and sidesMiddle 1/3"r of rectum Covered by peritoneum on the sides onlyLower 1/3"r of rectum Devoid of peritoneal aitachmerits | Anatomy | null |
a6eecd82-6521-4b24-87b8-1ece9af8e6a5 | Sunflower type cataract is characteristically in – | Chalcosis | Diabetes | Stargardt's disease | Congenital syphilis | 0a | multi | Sunflower cataract is seen in Wilson's disease, chalcosis (copper deposition), penetrating trauma with retention of copper or its alloy. | Ophthalmology | null |
4754e7cd-3d88-4239-aa99-a9fe0f73e2ea | Which of the following occur as a result of persistant vomiting? | Hyperkalemia | Hypochloraemia | Hyperventilation | Acidic urine excretion | 1b | single | Hypochloremia usually manifests when its levels are If the urinary Cl- levels are higher (>40 mEq/L), then hypochloremia may be secondary to volume overload or dilution. Increased urinary Cl- can also result from increased mineralocoicoid activity, which leads to the retention of HCO3- and Na+ at the expense of H+, K+,... | Medicine | null |
23ba7b63-8fba-40f6-b6f8-9a36d52dedcb | NOT true about Berry aneurysms: AP 08 | Rupture leading to SAH | Most common in posterior circulation | Developmental anomaly | Common in anterior circulation | 1b | multi | Ans. Most common in posterior circulation | Forensic Medicine | null |
05a16a07-f803-4b55-bc6e-b0135700239c | Split skin grafts in young children should be harvested from: March 2013 | Buttcoks | Thigh | Trunk | Upper limb | 1b | single | Ans. B i.e. Thigh Skin grafts Paial thickness skin grafts/ Theirsch graft: Consist of epidermis & variable thickness of dermis Full thickness/ Wolfes graft: Consists of epidermis & all of the dermis Composite grafts: Consist of skin & some underlying tissue (fat, cailage etc.) | Surgery | null |
7528d025-cc61-441f-b65e-f41b1dcb5275 | False about Criggler najar syndrome? | Absence of UDPG enzyme | Normal liver biopsy | Conjugated hyperbilirubinemia | Type 1 is more severe | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Conjugated hyperbilirubinemia Criggler-Najjar Syndrome* CN syndrome is a congenital unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia. Basic defect is either reduced or absent UDPG transferase.* There are two types of CN syndrome:-1) Type I# It is an autosomal recessive disorder in which UDPG transferase is absent. Thu... | Pathology | Liver & Biliary Tract |
de7dfd46-f2fb-47f2-9480-ab04bdee63fd | The joint between the attachment of the 8th and the 9th rib to the 7th rib is a | Fibrocailaginous joint | Symphyseal joint | Synol joint | Fibrous joint | 2c | single | The joint between the attachment of the 8th and 9th rib with the 7th rib is a synol joint. Most of the joints in the thoracic cavity- Interchondral, sternochondral, costoveebral and costotransverse joints, are plain synol joints because the thoracic cavity needs to expand during inspiration. The exception are : 1st ste... | Anatomy | All India exam |
e34b1717-0d66-4138-9f50-6e7d5289ac89 | Which among the following is a contraindication for forceps ? | Face | Occipito posterior | Brow presentation | Aftercoming head | 2c | single | Ans: c (Brow presentation) Ref: Dutta, 6th ed, p. 393The engaging diameter of head in brow presentation is mento vertical (14 cm), so there is no mechanism of labor in an average size baby with normal maternal pelvis in brow presentation. Persistent brow presentation is delivered by elective caesarean section.Condition... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Miscellaneous (Gynae) |
d717260a-5332-40c4-9ecc-6660393691cc | A patient is brought to you with alleged history of assault and on examination there are 2 wounds, one on the lower jaw and one on the shin. He claims that it was caused by a knife that the assailant had with him. On examination the wound appears like an incised wound. Which of the following findings in the wound will ... | Clean cut edges which are well defined | Spindle shape wound | Bridging nerves and vessels | Regular margins | 2c | multi | In an incise wound the edges are clean cut and well defined usually with eveed margins. The edges may be inveed in the case of incised wounds on the scrotum. In case of incised wounds bridging tissue is not seen. Bridging tissue is suggestive of laceration and is caused a pa of the body being crushed or stretched beyon... | Forensic Medicine | null |
0273cca6-8e28-4c69-958e-fe2a01804db4 | Late metabolic acidosis in newborns are caused due to feeding of which formula: | Whey predominant | Casein predominant | Both of the above | None of the above | 1b | multi | Casein dominant formulas or cow's milk has higher concentration of aromatic acids like tyrosine and phenylalanine that may lead to late metabolic acidosis. Ref: Nutrition and Child Development, K.E. Elizabeth, 4th edition pg: 26 | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
76eeb79c-ce00-4693-b50e-d7f1216856cb | All of the following are essential features of attention deficit hyperactivity disease (ADHD) except: | Lack of concentration | Impulsivity | Mental retardation | Hyperactivity | 2c | multi | ADHD children will not have mental retardation. Ref: Text Book of Pediatrics By Nelson, 17th Edition, Pages 107-108 | Pediatrics | null |
d9b6a810-8203-45b9-bef6-c8e4f04175ff | Menke's disease" is a disease of | Impaired zinc transpo | Impaired copper transpo | Impaired magnesium transpo | Impaired molybdenum transpo | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Impaired copper transpo Menke's disease is caused due to defect in the copper transpo. There is defect in the transpo of copper present in the intestinal mucosa to the blood stream. The mucosal lining of intestine contains high level of copper bound to metallothionein protein. Rather than being transp... | Medicine | null |
6ecffba3-6bed-4b98-aa8f-037cc56855cc | Enzyme(s) used in polymerase chain reaction is/are - | Restriction endonuclease | DNA polymerase | Alkaline phosphate | RNA polymerase | 1b | single | In PCR, heat stable DNA polymerase (Taq polymerase) is used. | Biochemistry | null |
68dd6594-65ff-430f-820e-b3d2876c35bf | 18 year old girl with primary amenorrhea having a karyotype of 45X0 presents with infantile uterus. What should be done next? | B/L gonadectomy | H to induce pubey | Clitoroplasty | Vaginoplasty | 1b | single | Primary amenorrhea with karyotype of 45 XO with an infantile uterus is suggestive of TURNER SYNDROME Management Screen for associated abnormalities: cardiac (30% have coarctation of aoa), renal (esp.horseshoe kidney), autoimmune abnormalities (thyroiditis), diabetes, hypeension and hearing loss Growth hormone therapy: ... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Gynaecology |
cfa1c702-5fd9-4651-aafc-651f7cc6b8d2 | Duchenne muscular dystrophy is inherited as - | X linked | Autosomal dominant | Autosomal recessive | Codominant | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., X linked o The two most common forms of muscular dystrophy are X-linked:- Duchenne muscular dystrophy and- Becker muscular dvstrophv.X-linked Recessive disordersMusculoskeletalo Duchene muscular dystrophyo Chronic gramilomatus diseaseHematologicalo Hemophilia A & Bo G-6-PD deficiencyImmuneo Agammaglob... | Pathology | Mendelian Disorders: Single-Gene Defects |
5446673a-566a-4136-a0d4-77256518963a | The main site of bicarbonate re-absorption is: | Proximal convoluted tubule | Distal convoluted tubule | Coical collecting duct | Medullary collecting duct | 0a | single | Proximal convoluted tubule is the main site of bicarbonate absorption. About 80 to 90 percent of bicarbonate re-absorption occurs in the proximal tubule. Ref:Textbook of Medical Physiology By Guyton, 10th Edition, Page 353 | Physiology | null |
5ff5b13d-dc7b-4a47-92ea-b48f9ad3a42b | All of the following are true about Ramsay hunt syndrome except | Geniculate ganglion of facial nerve is involved | Vesicles on tympanic membrane, EAC & TONGUE | Due to herpes zoster | Paralysis of facial muscles on contralateral side of face | 3d | multi | It cause the paralysis of facial muscle on the side of the face as the infection. | Microbiology | null |
85656e25-cea6-42d4-8245-2f3afb913a95 | Which of the following brainstem nuclei is not derived from the alar plate? | Inferior olivary nucleus | Substantia nigra | Red nucleus | Hypoglossal | 3d | single | Hypoglossal nucleus is derived from the basal nuclei.Structures of brainstem derived from alar lamina are:* Midbrain- colliculi, red nucleus, colliculi, Mesencephalic nucleus of 5th CN* Pons- pontine nuclei, vestibular nuclei, Cochlear nuclei, main sensory nucleus, Nucleus of spinal tract, nucleus tractus Solitaris.* M... | Anatomy | Brain |
aeba83ad-0066-4383-bd86-2a0cbeb7f27e | In deciding on a treatment for a 60 years old patient, Golu, who has chronic hea disease and rheumatoid ahritis, you wish to give him procainamide. He is already taking digoxin, hydrochlohiazide and potassium supplementation. Which of the following is a relevant statement? | A possible drug interaction with digoxin suggests that digoxin blood levels should be obtained before and after staing procainamide. | Hyperkalemia should be avoided to reduce the likelihood of procainamide toxicity | Procainamide cannot be used if the patient has asthma because it has a beta blocking effect | Procainamide is not active by the oral route | 1b | multi | (Ref: KDT 6/e p512) Hyperkalemia increases the toxicity of class Ia antiarrhythmics. | Anatomy | Other topics and Adverse effects |
f911ed77-3c27-4982-b27b-2cfb65df235d | In leprosy nerves commonly involved are: | High ulnar, low median | High median, low ulnar | Triple nerve palsy | High radial, low median | 0a | single | A i.e. High ulnar & low median | Skin | null |
8f966b7a-7df3-49c1-ace6-d845ca185a9f | Five-year survival rates in excess of 20% may be expected following resection of pulmonary metastases if | Other organ metastases are present | Lung lesions are solitary | Local tumor recurrence is found | The tumor doubling time is less than 20 days | 1b | single | Resection of metastases of lung, liver, and brain can result in occasional 5-year cures. In general, surgery should be undertaken only when the primary tumor is controlled, diffuse metastatic disease has been ruled out, and the affected patient's condition and the location of the metastasis permit safe resection. Five-... | Surgery | Transplantation |
36a88ca2-f645-46e3-b9f0-aa53b6698f66 | Facial nerve supplies | Risorius | Anterior belly of digastric | Lateral pterygoid | Zygomaticus | 0a | single | Facial nerve is the motor nerve of the face. its five terminal branches, temporal, zygomatic, buccal, marginal mandibular and cervical emerge from the parotid gland and diverge to supply the various facial muscles as follows. Temporal - frontalis, auricular muscles,orbicularis oculi. Zygomatic- orbicularis oculi. Bucca... | Anatomy | Head and neck |
f2e33efa-0761-44c6-8c0a-ab493b96c19f | A child is diagnosed with osteosarcoma based on sunray appearance on X-ray. This is because of: | Calcification along the periosteum | Calcification along the blood vessels | Periosteal reaction | Soft tissue invasion | 2c | single | Ans. c. Periosteal reaction | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
7ae480d7-bc57-4fb0-850a-6b44985f6151 | “Smudge cells” in the peripheral smear are characteristic of: | Chronic myelogenous leukemia | Chronic lymphocytic leukemia | Acute myelogenous leukemia | Acute lymphoblastic leukemia | 1b | single | In CLL, the peripheral blood contains increased numbers of small, round lymphocytes with scant cytoplasm. These cells are fragile and are frequently disrupted in the process of making smears, producing so-called smudge cells. | Pathology | null |
e9454a66-348c-49eb-a778-11a88786bd20 | Zero order kinetics occur in following drug with high dose | Phenytoin and theophylline | Digoxin and prapranol | Amiloride and probenecid | Lithum and thiophylline | 0a | single | Phenytoin and thiophylline follows zero order kinetics with high dose as it follow linear with time Ref -KDT 6/e p31,138 | Anatomy | General anatomy |
dd37c0e2-e21a-4fdb-b5c6-19f2b527f379 | In a chalazion with multiple recurrences at the same site the incision and currettage should be: | Followed by cauterisation with carbolic acid | Preceded by cryotherapy | Preceded by intralesional injection of triamcinolone | Replaced by excision biopsy | 3d | single | Ans. Replaced by excision biopsy | Ophthalmology | null |
9c0466dd-058e-4f61-a824-5cb1b9627358 | Most common cause of hemolytic uremic syndrome is – | E.coli | Shigella | Salmonella | Psedonomis | 0a | single | Etiology of HUS
HUS usually follows an episode of acute gastroenteritis.
Less commonly, patient may present after an upper respiratory tract infection.
The organisms responsible are -
E.coli (most common) → EHEC (shiga toxin producing)
Shigella dysenteriae
Salmonella
Bartonella
Streptococcus pn... | Pediatrics | null |
70da75d2-8670-4cee-9db7-427ceff2b117 | Which antimalarial drug is known to cause neuropsychiatric reaction as its adverse effect? | Artesunate | Artimisnin | Quinine | Mefloquine | 3d | single | Ans. d. Mefloquine (Ref H-17th/1288).Acute reversible cognitive dysfunction and neuropsychiatric reaction manifested by confusion, psychosis, convulsions, or encephalopathy is a S/E known with Mefloquine. Approximately 1 in every 10,000 recipients develops it.MEFLOQUINE# Mefloquine (250 mg of salt weekly, adult dose) h... | Pharmacology | Anti Microbial |
003d9616-1750-4462-bdf9-b2929ba64895 | Which of the following cranial structures are insensitive to pain? | Falx cerebri | Choroid Plexus | Middle meningeal Aery | Dural sheath surrounding vascular sinuses | 1b | single | Among the given options choroid plexus is the only pain insensitive structures, while rest are pain sensitive ones. | Anatomy | null |
fa001515-731c-4728-a729-dc229544b089 | Which of the following is not seen in unilateral injury to hypoglossal nerve | Hemiatrophy of involved side | Detion of tongue towards the same side | Loss of taste sensation of the affected side of tongue | Fasciulation of the tongue | 2c | single | Ans.'c' Loss of taste sensation of the affected side of tongue | Anatomy | null |
719b16b6-c54b-4738-8c83-2e54fd39df96 | Microfilaments are made up of: | Actin | Tubulin | Keratin | None of the above | 0a | multi | Microfilaments are long solid fibers with a 4 to 6 nm diameter that are made up of actin. Although actin is most often associated with muscle contraction, it is present in all types of cells. It is the most abundant protein in mammalian cells, sometimes accounting for as much as 15% of the total protein in the cell. Re... | Physiology | null |
27c735ff-69b7-4d28-8926-ff501d028173 | Slapped-cheek appearance is seen in: | Parvovirus | EBV | HSV6 | HSV 4 | 0a | single | Ans. aOption aTrueOption bFalseOption cFalseOption dFalseOption eFalseRef.: Nelson's Book of Pediatrics Vol 1. 20th Edition, Pg 1570.Erythema infectiosum (also known as fifth disease or slapped cheek disease) is usually a benign childhood condition characterized by a classic slapped-cheek appearance and lacy exanthem.I... | Skin | Miscellaneous |
d157d607-6deb-4cba-8920-7cc7feabff01 | Zoster recurrance occur after infection with? | HSV 1 | HSV 2 | Varicella | Small pox | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Varicella | Microbiology | null |
53e20eda-a603-4e4c-97ae-09140877babf | Most common ASD in down syndrome is ? | Ostium primum | Ostium secondum | Absent atrial septum | Sinus venosum | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Ostium primum | Pediatrics | null |
53df2c7d-f270-40dd-b93d-06dd1e8c7acd | You are attending rounds in cardiology department. Your professor asks you to calculate the volume of blood pumped with each beat of Mr X. He gives you the following values. BP of 130/80, cardiac output of 5000 ml and HR of 70/min. | 70 ml | 110 | 50 | 90 | 0a | single | Ans: A (70 ml) Ref: Ganong's Review of Medical Physiology, 21st edExplanation:Stroke volume (SV) is the volume of blood, in milliliters (mL), pumped out of the heart with each beat.Cardiac output (CO) is the volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute {mL blood/min}.Cardiac output is a function of heart rate and str... | Physiology | Circulation: Cardiac Output, Venous Return |
1f59f176-7bf4-4cf1-a31e-031ca99a3068 | In diabetic nephropathy all of the following are true, except- | Cardiovascular abnormalities can occur | Micro and macro albuminuria can occur | ACE inhibitors can reduce micro albuminuria | Insulin requirement becomes high | 3d | multi | Diabetic nephropathy (diabetic kidney disease) is kidney damage that results from having diabetes. Having high blood glucose levels due to diabetes can damage the pa of the kidneys that filters your blood. The damaged filter becomes 'leaky' and lets protein into your urine . Insulin therapy in type 1 diabetic patients ... | Medicine | Endocrinology |
cf3480f1-7579-4e37-8664-34ff55f737fc | auto-regulation of cerebralblood flow takes place at ? | 60-140mmhg | >200mmhg | <50mmhg | <10mmhg | 0a | single | Autoregulation Cerebral blood flow is "autoregulated" extremely well between aerial pressure limits of 60 and 140 mm Hg. That is, mean aerial pressure can be decreased acutely to as low as 60 mm Hg or increased to as high as 140 mm Hg without significant change in cerebral blood flow. And, in people who have hypeension... | Physiology | All India exam |
9e548a66-76e1-497f-b9b6-7476ade9eefb | A child is brought to you with history of mental retardation. On examination you find that he also has dolichocephaly, low set ears, micrognathia, clenched hands with overlapping fingers, simian crease and rocker bottom feet. Which is the commonest cardiac lesion you would expect to find in this patient? | ASD | VSD | PDA | Pulmonary stenosis | 1b | single | This is a case of Edward's syndrome (Trisomy 18). The commonest cardiac lesion in this condition is VSD followed by PDA and ASD. Multiple valvular regurgitant lesions may also be seen in Edward's syndrome. Ref: Pediatric Clinical Methods by Meharban Singh, 3rd Edition, Page 176 | Pediatrics | null |
63e3b3e1-d7f2-4f6e-bb68-9d35207f2aac | All are tocolytics except : | Ritodrine | Terbutaline | Misoprostol | Nicardipine | 2c | multi | Misoprostol | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
a7248bb5-d60f-423c-b6c0-9d36ed01add2 | "Ottawa Chaer of Health Promotion" incorporates all of the following key action areas except:- | Build healthy public policy | Strengthen community action for health | Build social security system | Reorient health services | 2c | multi | Ottawa Chaer for Health Promotion - Five key action areas: Public health policy. Strengthen community action for health. Reorientation of health services. Personal skills development. Suppoive environment. | Social & Preventive Medicine | Levels of Prevention of Disease |
b75a2a8d-5af9-48ab-a62a-7477ee96768d | Intraepidermal IgG deposition is seen in: | Pemphigus | Bullous pemphigoid | Herpes genitalis | None of the above | 0a | multi | Pemphigus | Skin | null |
fc9d372b-05dd-4875-be6e-3360972cf520 | Levine sign is seen in | Stable angina pectoris | Acute bronchial asthma | Hemolytic anemia | Gastroesophageal reflux disease | 0a | single | Answer- A. Stable angina pectorisStable Angina Pectoris:This episodic clinical syndrome is due to transient myocardial ischemiaWhen the patient is asked to localize the sensation, he or she typically places a hand over the sternum, sometimes with a clenched fist, to indicate a squeezing, central, substernal discomfo (L... | Medicine | null |
4772adc9-39fd-4864-a396-4764b8f3ce0d | The patient is delivered by cesarean section under general anesthesia.The baby and placenta are easily delivered, but the uterus is noted to be boggy and atonic despite intravenous infusion of Pitocin. All of the following are appropriate agents to use next except | Methylergonovine (Methergine) administered intramuscularly | Prostaglandin F2α (Hemabate) suppositories | Misoprostil (Cytotec) suppositories | Terbutaline administered intravenously | 3d | multi | Methylergonovine, prostaglandin F2α, prostaglandin E1 (Misoprostil), and prostaglandin E2 (Hemabate)are all uretotonic agents than can be used in situations where there is a postpartum hemorrhage due to uterine atony.
Terbutalinewould be contraindicated in this situation because it is a tocolytic that is used to promot... | Unknown | null |
2bca92dd-49b7-4071-8c1f-2ed41d8b25e5 | Babloo a 4 year male presents with history of seizures. On examination there is hypopigmedted patches on face & mental retardation. Most probable diagnosis is – | Neurofibromatosis | Tuberous sclerosis | Sturge weber syndrome | Incontinenta pigmenti | 1b | single | Seizures, mental retardation and hypopigmented patches on face (Ash - leaf spot) suggest the diagnosis of tuberous sclerosis. | Dental | null |
0373a0f6-6d16-4af4-adb0-32438e569d93 | Which of the following drugs is not used in treatment of multibacillary leprosy as per recommendation of WHO? | Rifampicin | Clofazimine | Dapsone | Minocycline | 3d | single | WHO recommends the following drugs for treatment of multibacillary leprosy Rifampicin: 600 mg once monthly Dapsone: 100 mg daily Clofazimine: 300 mg once monthly supervised; and 50 mg daily, self administered. Ref: Park 21st edition, page 297. | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
95aed1b8-94f4-4b9e-90b4-36ce08f39301 | DIC may be caused by: September 2007 | Prolonged pregnancy | Fat embolism | Amniotic fluid embolism | All of the above | 2c | multi | Ans. C: Amniotic fluid embolismDisseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a complex systemic thrombohemorrhagic disorder involving the generation of intravascular fibrin and the consumption of procoagulants and platelets. The resultant clinical condition is characterized by intravascular coagulation and hemorrhage... | Pathology | null |
39783f74-c885-4d29-9354-4d010696bc62 | Which of the following duodenal recesses has the inferior mesenteric vein in its free margin? | Superior duodenal recess | Paraduodenal recess | Inferior duodenal recess | Mesentric-parietal recess | 1b | single | Paraduodenal recess has the inferior mesentric vein in its right free margin. The fouh pa of the duodenum and the duodenojejunal junction have several folds of peritoneum that give rise to many named recesses. They are probably formed during development due to minor aberrations of duodenal rotation and fixation. The du... | Anatomy | Abdomen and pelvis |
97588f2e-23e8-4724-a65f-169ddfb0f0b9 | True regarding haemangioma of the spleen: March 2005 | Least common benign tumour of the spleen | May transforms into a haemangiosarcoma | Malignant transformation may be managed conservatively | None of the above | 1b | multi | Ans. B: May transforms into a haemangiosarcoma Haemangioma of the spleen is the most common benign tumour of the spleen and may develop into a haemangiosarcoma | Surgery | null |
c6d46077-17f0-4575-ae5f-62d2c958c64e | 2,3-BPG binds to sit, itaemogitiniti and the affinit\es gen | 4, decreases | 1, decreases | 4, increases | 1, increases | 1b | single | Ans. b. 1, decreases | Biochemistry | null |
4a772945-632f-4da8-91e7-00b9015e283f | Which is smooth bored weapon - | Rifle | Shotgun | Revolver | Pistal | 1b | single | Smooth bored weapons Shotgun, muskets, and muzzle loaders.
Rifled weapons : Rifles, pistols, and revolvers. | Forensic Medicine | null |
78d020db-d1b7-407d-a263-78e1c5065973 | Longest pa of optic nerve - | Intraocular | Intracranial | Intraorbital | Intracranial | 2c | single | The optic nerve is about 47- 50 mm in length and can be divided into 4 pas : intraocular (1mm), intraorbital (30mm), intracanalicular (6-9mm)and intracranial (10mm). Refer comprehensive ophthalmology 6th edition , A K Khurana , page no. 310 | Ophthalmology | Neuro-ophthalmology |
fa6ba3db-40bb-487c-9681-96e4acb08c6e | Schwartz sign is seen in -(PGI 98) | Otosclerosis | Meniere's disease | ASOM | CSOM | 0a | single | (A) Schwartz sign also known as Flemingo's pink sign, is a diagnostic indicator for otosclerosis, a disease of the bones of the middle or inner ear. In clinical examination of the ear drum, increased vascularity of the promontory may be seen through the ear drum. | ENT | Otosclerosis |
0474eeb4-3176-411c-b362-deef37c98c72 | Which of the following mutmurs increase with valsalva maneovre | Mitral stenosis | HOCM | Mitral regurgitation | Aoic stenosis | 1b | single | Ref Harrison 19 th ed pg 1448 Accordingly, the systolic murmur of HOCM becomes louder during the strain phase of the Valsalva maneuver and after standing quickly from a squatting position. The murmur becomes softer with passive leg raising and when squatting. | Anatomy | General anatomy |
cbbbd3ce-ff95-4ad2-a627-14bf22a84adb | Which of the following causes least irritation of peritoneal cavity? | Bile | Blood | Pancreatic enzymes | Gastric juice | 1b | single | Gastric juice, pancreatic juice, bile, urine and meconium irritate the peritoneum and leads to aseptic (or chemical) peritonitis. Ref: Maingot's 10/e, Page 637. | Surgery | null |
592a701f-6090-4623-9dc5-21a25b0d300c | In which of the following pelvic examination is contraindicated | Placenta pre | Contracted pelvis | H mole | Ectopic pregnancy | 0a | single | Vaginal examination is not done as it provoke fuher separation of placenta with torrential hemorrhage which may be fatal It can be done only prior to termination of pregnancy in the operation theater under anesthesia keeping everything ready for cesarean section. Ref: Dutta Obs 9e pg 231. | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | General obstetrics |
5b4a696f-e0da-4aef-a696-0afe386dfef2 | A four year old boy presented with secondaries all over the body including his eyes. Which one is the commonest cause of orbital metastasis in children? | Neuroblastoma | Ca lung | Ca breast | Ca thyroid | 0a | multi | The most common metastatic tumor in children is neuroblastoma. It is the commonest cause of orbital metastasis. Bilateral eyelid ecchymosis and proptosis are the most common presenting signs of orbital neuroblastoma. Ca lung is the commonest cause of metastasis in males and Ca breast is the commonest cause in females. | Pediatrics | null |
b2ff48e8-a0c5-4565-9842-d1938ef6842d | Lacrimal gland is supplied through parasympathetic system. It is supplied by which ganglion? | Ciliary ganglia | Otic ganglia | Pterygopalatine | Submandibular | 2c | single | Nerve Supply of Lacrimal Gland Sensory Supply: lacrimal nerve Sympathetic supply: Carotid plexus of cervical sympathetic chain Secretomotor fibres: Salivary nucleus -----> greater petrosal nerve ----> synapse at pterygopalatine ganglion ----> zygomatic nerve ----> lacrimal nerve-----> lacrimal gland | Anatomy | FMGE 2019 |
220962a0-65ec-4378-b186-c325c6b478d3 | A boy presents with injury to medial epicondyle of the humerus. Which of the following would not be seen: | Weakness of the ulnar detion and flexion | Complete paralysis of the IIIrd and IVth digits | Atrophy of the hypothenar eminence. | Decreased sensation of the hypothenar eminence | 1b | single | B i.e. Complete paralysis of 3rd & 4th digit | Anatomy | null |
ddb4ad48-7c72-4260-9004-7e25d4b7b644 | A female undergone surgery for left breast cancer 3 yrs back now developed blue nodule on same side - | Lymphangiosarcoma | Recurrence | Hemangioma | Cellulitis | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e.. Lymphangiosarcoma o Angiosarcoma is a vascular tumor which may arise de novo in the breast or as a complication of the radiation therapy."This vascular tumor may occur de novo in the breast, but the clinically important presentation is in the dermis after breast radiation or in the lymphedematous uppe... | Surgery | Breast Cancer - Prognosis and Follow-Up |
a64fad74-e586-4222-b3b1-d750ba893934 | Premedication in anaesthesia is given for - | Decreasing the dose of anaesthetic drugs | Decreasing post-operative complications | Reliving the anxiety | All of the above | 3d | multi | Premedication advantages : anxiolysis,to decrease the dose of anesthetic and analgesic drugs,to prevent complications like aspiration,DVT Drugs used are : Anxiolytoics,sedatives,antisialogogues,anti-emetics,analgesics,antacids. | Anaesthesia | Preoperative assessment and monitoring in anaesthesia |
06a1c541-c2be-47b4-a4e3-fb55ee028fe2 | Urine bags and catheters biomedical waste will be disposed in | Yellow bag | Red bag | White container | Blue bag | 1b | single | Red Category Contain Contaminated, recyclable waste ; plastic /rubber waste . Disposal method - Autoclaving, Micro waving, hydroclaving, F/b destruction & shredding. Final mechanism of Disposal - Road making. - Extra Edge: Plastic covers which are used to pack foley's catheter etc are not considered as biomedical waste... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Allied Health Sciences |
deb96fc3-3c02-46a5-80b6-c67a1700311f | Tetracycline is used for the prophylaxis of: | Cholera | Brucellosis | Leptospirosis | Meningitis | 0a | single | Ans. (A) Cholera(Ref: Katzung, 11/e p897, CMDT 2010, 1341, KDT 8/e p788)Tetracyclines are used for prophylaxis of both cholera (Katzung) as well as leptospirosis (CMDT). However, if we have to choose one, we will go with cholera, as the table on pg 897 of Katzung clearly writes tetracycline for cholera prophylaxis wher... | Pharmacology | Chemotherapy: General Principles |
ca16effe-3d8d-4398-963e-954115f4791f | True regarding Japanese encephalitis are all the following EXCEPT? | Children < 5 years age are most commonly affected | Transmitted by Culex tritaeniorhynchus | Permanent neurologic or psychiatric sequelae | Vaccine available in India | 0a | multi | Japanese encephalitis- Most common age group of children affected: 5-15 years Vector is Culex tritaeniorhynchus Permanent neurologic or psychiatric sequelae are seen Vaccine against Japanese encephalitis is available in India. | Pediatrics | Impoant Viral Diseases in Children |
4efaef25-dfb4-4d68-a241-466c37b792a0 | Calf compament pressure rise to _________ on walking: | 20-30 mmHg | 60-80 mmHg | 80-100 mmHg | 200-300 mmHg | 3d | single | On standing, the aerial blood pressure at the ankle rises by 80-100 mmHg. The pressure within the calf-compament rises to 200-300 mmHg during walking, which is more than enough to propel the blood in the direction of hea. Ref: Bailey 27th edition Pgno: 971 | Surgery | Vascular surgery |
575321fe-07a7-4ec4-8677-fb2de8fc6b00 | In normal delivery, breast feeding should be staed? | 6 hour after delivary | 2 hour after delivary | 4 hour after delivary | None | 3d | multi | Ans is d None o Breast feeding should be initiated within 30 min. of a normal vaginal delivery. o Breast feeding should be initiated within 4 hrs of delivery by caesarian section. | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
4b2965a2-0634-4cee-bf2e-01bc592c8ec5 | A 60 year male is brought by his wife. He thinks that he had committed sins all through his life. He is very much depressed and has considered committing suicide but has not thought about going for it. He had also attached sessions with a spiritual guru. He is not convinced by his wife that he has lead a pious life. He... | Antipsychotic + Antidepressant | Antidepressant with cognitive behavioural therapy | Guidance & recounselling with guru + Antidepressant | Anti depressant alone | 0a | multi | The patient in question is presenting with features of depression and delusional guilt suggesting a diagnosis of depressive disorder with psychotic features. Such patients should be managed with a combination of Antipsychotics and antidepressants. | Psychiatry | null |
1a9356ce-7062-404d-a315-dd3147460628 | Young lady comes with mild erosion of cervix & pap smear shows dysplasia, next step is : | Antibiotics | Colposcopy | Cryosurgery | Conization | 1b | multi | Ans. is b i.e. Colposcopy A young lady is presenting with erosion which on cytology shows dysplasia. Now what will be the next step : Friends, here first of all it is impoant to know that erosion (ectopy) : is a condition in which the squamous covering of the vaginal aspect of the cervix is replaced by columnar epithel... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
34228f64-a1cf-4f39-9278-14b8e584d4eb | Most impoant cytokine responsible for the synthesis of acute phase protein | IL-1 | IL-6 | IL -11 | TNF alpha | 1b | single | IL 6 is responsible for the synthesis of acute phase proteinsWintrobe 13th e | Pathology | General pathology |
28e8ae2f-b81b-4c7f-a9d8-f65ad9df49b8 | Bed strength at CHC: | 6-Apr | 10 | 30 | 50 | 2c | single | Community Health Centre (CHC)
Secondary level of health care.
Located for population of 1,20,000 in plains.
Located for population of 80,000 in hilly areas.
Staff at CHC : 46-52
Acts as referral unit for 4 PHCS.
Bed strength : 30 | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
a340624c-9ff1-41f3-a1ef-779661cd68d5 | Fallopian tube dysmotility is seen in ? | Noonan syndrome | Turner syndrome | Kaagener syndrome | Marfan syndrome | 2c | multi | Kaagener syndrome Repeat from Nov 09 Q no. l58 | Surgery | null |
7c896a1f-7024-43ff-a82a-e86700f71ac9 | A 4-year-old male child presents with fever, anemia and azotemia after an episode of dysentery 9 days earlier. The commonest organism responsible for this condition is? | Meningococcus | E.coli | E. histolytica | Staphylococcus | 1b | single | b. E. coli(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 2540-2543, Ghai 8/e p 487-491)The given condition is most likely HUS for which the most common organism is E. coli, among the given options | Pediatrics | Kidney |
8f7f93ef-b4e0-4212-89ff-2828684d807a | Half-life of CRP is | 6 hours | 12 hours | 20 hours | 24 hours | 2c | single | Plasma half-life of CRP is about 19 hours. | Microbiology | null |
6df37fc4-f55f-46c4-9dc5-342445681272 | Which of the following stages of demographic cycle has declining population: | Second | Third | Fouh | Fifth | 3d | single | Fifth stage (declining): Population begins to decline because the bih rate is lower than the death rate. Ref: Park, 22nd edition pg: 441 | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
fa402eca-0d02-4396-b307-0d32ea825c70 | Afferent nerve fibre affected by local anesthesia first | Type A | Type Il - B | Type C | Type II | 2c | single | C i.e. Type C | Anaesthesia | null |
de6eb813-7ba4-4921-aa1f-ccab74a59d46 | Which of following is not derived from first pouch? | Auditory tube | External acoustic meatus | Tympanic cavity | Mastoid antrum | 1b | single | Ans. is'b' i.e., External acoustic meatus Ref: Langman's Medical Embryology 12th/e p. 326,366 | ENT | null |
3de71493-c602-4c8e-a5c9-198f78ac748e | All of the following are features of a benign heart murmur except | Mid systolic | Heard at the left sternal area | Radiating to the lower chest | Soft | 2c | multi | (C) Radiating to the lower chest # FUNCTIONAL MURMUR (innocent murmur, physiologic murmur) is a heart murmur that is primarily due to physiologic conditions outside the heart, as opposed to structural defects in the heart itself.> Serious conditions can arise even in the absence of a primary heart defect, and it is pos... | Medicine | Miscellaneous |
667ecd8f-1f54-4288-8fcc-90fc7d37ab91 | Respired lung weight as compared to body weight is:- | 10-Jan | 20-Jan | Jan-35 | Jan-70 | 2c | single | Plocquet's test : The ratio of weight of lung to weight of body changes from 1:70 before respiration to 1:35 after respiration | Forensic Medicine | Infant deaths & child abuse |
0589c948-5949-407f-b3f8-440b14f2fb51 | A 58-year-old male patient presents with halitosis, mild dysphagia and regurgitation of previous day food. On radiological examination this is the presentation of the patient, where is the location of this presentation? | Anterior segment of the esophagus along superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle | Posterior segment of the esophagus along superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle | Anterior segment of the esophagus along inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle | Posterior segment of the esophagus along inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle | 3d | single | Ans. (d) Posterior segment of the esophagus along inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle.Zenker's diverticulum is not really an esophageal diverticulum as it protrudes posteriorly above the cricopharyngeal sphincter through the natural weak point (the dehiscence of Killian) between the oblique and horizontal (cricophar... | Surgery | Diagnostic Evaluation of the Esophagus |
950a3c8a-8d39-4668-b678-03165043f3b8 | The most common site for hypeensive bleed is? | Pons | Putamen | Frontal lobe | Thalamus | 2c | single | Answer is C (Putamen): The putamen (Basal Ganglia) is the most common site for hypeensive haemorrhage External capsule refers to a thin layer of white matter that separates the lateral pa of lentiform nucleus (putamen) from claustrum and is invariably damaged along with the putamen. | Medicine | null |
47c9b96a-28e0-4dcf-b2f7-059b3eb21885 | Ventricular filling begins at point: | A | B | C | D | 3d | single | At point D, the pressure within the left ventricle is less than the pressure in the left atrium, and, therefore, the mitral valve opens and ventricular filling begins. At point A, the ventricle begins to contract, raising its pressure above that in the atrium and closing the mitral valve. The aortic valve opens at poin... | Physiology | null |
742d0c9c-71d3-48fd-9537-ce5d4fc8db1a | Right side of mediastinum shadow is not formed by: | Superior venacava | Right innominates | Right atrium | Right ventricle | 3d | single | D i.e. Right ventricle | Radiology | null |
6dc7762e-2b60-43e0-867f-e7cf132164c7 | All are essential amino acids except - | Methionine | Arginine | Valine | Tryptophan | 1b | multi | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Arginine Arginine is semi-essential AA. o Among these arginine is a semi-essential amino acid which can by synthesized partially in the body. Other three are absolute essential amino acids and cannot be synthesized in the body o On the basis of nutritional requirement, amino acids are classified into ... | Unknown | null |
d504fe26-68bb-47b7-a0db-b5dc9ac09a88 | Benign Prostatic hyperophy results in obstruction of the urinary tract. The specific condition is associated with enlargement of the: | Entire prostate gland | Lateral lobes | Median lobe | Posterior lobes | 2c | single | Median lobe of prostate is prone to development of BPH. Posterior lobe of prostate is prone to development of malignancy. Ref: Snell's Clinical Anatomy, 7th Edition, Page 381 | Anatomy | null |
25a42cec-bc40-49e3-8234-640f003caae4 | Which one of the following vaccines is contraindicated in children with egg allergy? | MMR | Yellow Fever | DPT | BCG | 1b | multi | Vaccines Contraindicated in Egg allergy are: Yellow fever vaccine Influenza vaccine EXTRA EDGE: - Vaccine causing thrombocytopenia - Measles vaccine - Strains included in meningococcal Vaccine- A, C, Y, W-135 - Heat sensitive vaccines - OPV, Reconstituted BCG, Measles vaccine - Light sensitive vaccines - Measles vaccin... | Pediatrics | Types of vaccines |
d0b97568-cbec-4e08-bee4-caf562d61cae | What is the substrate for the only physiologically irreversible reaction in the Kreb's Citric acid cycle? | Citrate | Alpha ketoglutarate | Succinate | Malate | 1b | multi | B i.e. Alphaketoglutarate | Biochemistry | null |
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