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135
b834554b-74c7-4d45-9a34-724c744c05e4
VIP levels are extraordinarily high in:
Verner-morrison syndrome
Celiac disease
Zollinger ellison syndrome
Paraganglioma
0a
single
VIP belongs to the family of secretin and glucagon. VIP is usually produced by neurons. So its levels are kept minimum in blood normally. But in pancreatic cholera (Verner morrison syndrome) VIP levels are extraordinarily high in serum. It leads to watery diarrhea, hypokalemia, achlorhydria. Ref: Sleisenger and Fordtra...
Biochemistry
null
6109fbbf-93b7-41ad-9c1f-99f54c2c9945
True about Bell's palsy
Spontaneous recovery
Steroid contraindicated
25% have resolved
Antibiotic mainstay of treatment
0a
multi
Bells palsy undergoes spontaneous recovery on appropriate treatment. Ref: Dhingra 6th edition pg. 95
ENT
Ear
59112977-98ec-4826-86ca-fa62078ce4c7
Korsakoff's syndrome is due to deficiency of -
Thiamine
Niacin
Folate
Pyridoxin
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Thiamine o Wernicke - Korsakoff syndrome or wemicke-Korsakoff psychosis is the name given for the amnestic disorders which include Wernicke's encephalopathy (a set of acute symptom) and Korsakoff syndrome (a chronic condition).o These two syndrome occur due to deficiency of thiamine.o Most common caus...
Psychiatry
Alcohol-Related Disorders
64b2d11d-350c-4425-aff5-6bbcb103bd74
A 70 year old female presents with a lesion on cheek with pearly raised border & telangiectasia on surface of lesion.Diagnosis is:
Basal cell carcinoma
Squamous cell carcinoma
Actinic keratosis
Wart
0a
single
Lesion with pearly border associated with telangiectasia suggests of Basal cell carcinoma.
Dental
null
2674d4f8-e230-4d9e-824b-a590f61da1b5
True about indication of celliotomy in blunt trauma
Peritoneal air on imaging
Grade I spleen damage
Grade II liver damage
Patient with positive diagnostic lavage
0a
multi
Laprotomy is also called celiotomy. Indication for laprotomy in blunt trauma include signs of peritonitis, evisceration, clinical deterioration during observation & in the presence of hemodynamic instability as DPL or FAST examination consistent with hemoperitoneum. Peritoneal air on imaging is a sign of peritonitis an...
Surgery
Trauma
218aac0a-c4f2-4138-8d5f-a6c06f14650e
In a epidemic of poliomyelitis, the best way to stop spread is by -
Injection of killed vaccine
OPV drops to all children
Isolation of cases
Chlorination of all wells
1b
multi
- within an epidemic area, OPV should be provided for all persons over 6 weeks of age who have not been completely immunised or whose immune status is unknown. - OPV offers herd immunity and this propey is used in controlling epidemic. Reference : Park's textbook of preventive and social medicine, 23rd edition, pg no:2...
Social & Preventive Medicine
Communicable diseases
ee9e3d7b-2906-409b-b3c7-ef74fbb29984
Immunoglobulin is not used in prophylaxis of:
Hepatitis A
Varicella
Influenza
Measles
2c
single
c. Influenza(Ref: IAP Guidebook on immunization 2013-2014, p 378, Nelson's 20/e p 1603, Ghai 8/e p 201-202)Following immunoglobulins are used for secondary prophylaxis: Tetanus, Hep A, Hep B, Rabies & Varicella Ig.
Pediatrics
Immunization
ba3a4398-0d98-40b4-907f-de057d89c9c1
A 36-year-old woman presents with headache, backache, epigastric fullness, and decreased sexual desire. She has lost -2.5 kg over the past 3 years, and her appetite is otherwise normal. Her husband had a major vehicular accident 8 years back. Which of the following diagnoses best describes the mental status of this pat...
Depersonalization disorder
Adjustment disorder and depression
Somatization disorder
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
2c
single
Ans. c (Somatization disorder), (Ref. Psychiatry by Niraj Ahuja 7th ed. 125, 197)SOMATIZATION DISORDERA history of many physical complaints beginning before age 30 years that occur over a period of several years and result in treatment being sought or significant impairment in social, occupational, or other important a...
Psychiatry
Somatoform Disorders
37927568-b86d-4220-8a64-8edc18741c76
True about CRAO:
Embolism of artery main cause
Painful loss of vision
Trucking of vessel is seen
Involvement of Ophthalmic Artery
2c
multi
Ans. C. Trucking of vessel is seen Ref: Yanoff ophthalmology. 4th/ed p518-521; Parsons' Diseases of the Eye 22nd/ed p320-21Explanation# Central retinal artery obstruction (CRAO) is an abrupt diminution of blood flow through the central retinal artery severe enough to cause ischemia of inner retina.# Mean age is 60 yrs#...
Ophthalmology
Retina
fb02894a-9df9-4c77-8c7c-3167ea0a5296
Which of the following are the markers of paediatric non accidental injury
Abuse in sibling
Perineal injury
Repeated hospital visits for minor injuries
All the above
3d
multi
Ans. is 'd' i.e., All the above Markers for non-accidental injury* Repeated hospital visits for minor injuries* Late presentations and multiple visits to different hospitals* Vague or inconsistent history from the child's parent or guardian and the child* Withdrawn behaviour of the child with resistance to examination*...
Surgery
Trauma
f398bbe1-3929-415d-90f7-d879c8c18abe
TMJ is lined by:
Hyaline cartilage
Fibrocartilage.
Both.
None.
1b
multi
Usually joints are lined by hyaline cartilage but TMJ is lined by fibrocartilage.
Dental
null
a10e2f9d-076f-4906-87d9-041069c672d3
Smallpox eradication was declared by WHO in 1980. All of the following epidemiological factors are have a role in eradication of smallpox, EXCEPT:
Patients with subclinical infections did not transmit the disease
Vaccine was highly effective
Cross-immunity from other animal poxviruses
Life-long immunity
2c
multi
Epidemiological factors which led to the eradication of Smallpox: No known animal reservoir No long-term carrier of the virus Life-long immunity, after recovery from the disease The detection of cases comparatively simple because the rash was so characteristic and occurred in visible pas of the body. Persons with subcl...
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
4e29d62e-fdb0-4637-9a68-bc6804c0d950
Local anesthetics depress transmission first in
Group A alpha-fibers
Group A bita-fibers
Group B fibers
Group C fibers
3d
single
Local anesthetics depress transmission in the group C fibre before they affect group A touch fibres. Ref: Ganong&;s Review of medical physiology;25th edition; pg: 95.
Physiology
Nervous system
694d3e8f-b57c-405d-89e6-8e1fcb4f2ba7
Figure of 8 in chest X-ray is seen in –
Ebstein anomaly
Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC)
Tetrology of fallot
Transposition of great vessels
1b
multi
Snowman's sign or figure of 8 sign is seen in supracardiac TAPVC.
Radiology
null
e6bab962-ac3d-4c1a-bbd1-fbab1646e8dc
Which of the following drug is used for mass prophylaxis for prevention of meningococcal meningitis
Ciprofloxacin
Rifampicin
Ceftriaxone
Minocycline
0a
single
Rifampicin was used formerly but now Ciprofloxacin is the preferred drug for mass prophylaxis for prevention of meningococcal meningitis.
Pharmacology
null
ac308569-0e0c-49af-ab04-46277d0315f9
Alcohol mainly increases -
TG
LDL
VLDL
HDL
3d
single
Ans. is 'd' i.e., HDL Regular intake of small to moderate amounts of alcohol (1-2 drinks)has been found to raise HDL cholesterol levels and decrease LDL oxidation. This may be responsible for 15 - 35% lower incidence of coronary aery disease in such individuals. Risk reduction is greatest in high risk subjects and the ...
Pharmacology
null
13ea4eda-a4c5-416a-8520-3400523d126e
Drug given for metaclopramidr induced dystonic reaction is:
Pheniramine
Promethazine
Chlorpropamide
Prochlorperazine
1b
single
Acute muscle dystonia caused by antiemetic-antipsycotic drugs is promptly relieved by parentral promethazine or hydroxyzine.this is based on central anti cholinergic action of the drugs. Promethazine is an first generation anti histaminic which has maximum anticholinergic activity.(ref: KDT 6/ep157)
Pharmacology
Gastrointestinal tract
f2ad40ac-6141-44b7-a91e-076048469dcb
The following are consistent with pheochromocytoma except-
Episodic diarrhea
Episodic flushing of skin
Episodes of hypeension
Paroxysm, palpitation and sweating
0a
multi
there is constipation not diarrhea Ref- ( Harrison 17 pg 2270)
Medicine
Endocrinology
5e800a6b-6a32-4f3e-97ad-9397afc51988
“Tophus” is the pathognomonic lesion of which of the following condition
Multiple myeloma
Gout
Cystinosis
Eales disease
1b
single
Tophi are pathognomonic of gout. They are formed by large aggregations of urate crystals. The urate crystals are surrounded by a. Macrophages b. Lymphocytes c. Large foreign body giant cells They are seen in them. Articular cartilages of joints * b. Periarticular ligaments* c. Tendons and soft tissues* d. Achilles tend...
Pathology
null
04783565-147a-4326-a746-58ffc0e230c6
After 5 days of birth, a baby develops poor feeding, fever and convulsions; CSF examination shows low sugar and high proteins. The most likely cause of these symptoms:
L. monocytogenes
Meningococcus
S. pneumonia
Leptospira
0a
single
Ans. A. L. monocytogenesThis child has symptoms of meningitis; the most common cause of neonatal meningitis is Group B Streptococcus, and E. coli. Other known causes are Klebsiella, S. aureus, and Listeria.
Pediatrics
New Born Infants
df26e308-3dc9-435a-a7a5-264f0b3249cf
Massive colonic bleeding in a patient of diverticulosis is from
Inferior mesentric artery
superior mysentric artery
coeliac artery
Gastro duodenal artery
1b
single
Although diverticulosis involves mainly the left side of colon, bleeding occurs mostly from right side of colon. Right side is supplied by superior mesentric artery. "Hemorrhage from a colonic diverticula is the most common cause of hematochezia in patients over the age of 60." - Harrison 16/e, p 1796
Surgery
null
c877a085-c013-415e-a8a5-da61a3f734fc
The commor'est cause of hypopyon is:
Moraxella
Gonococcus
Pneumococcus
Staphylococcus
2c
single
Ans. Pneumococcus
Ophthalmology
null
5128c5e1-196b-437a-a49c-1e4d76550deb
All are true about fully frozen Ice pack except:-
Smallest component of cold chain
Two vaccines are kept in two holes inside the ice pack
Fill water up to horizontal mark with plain tap water
Can store vaccines for 24hrs
3d
multi
Fully Frozen Ice Pack; Fill water up to horizontal mark with plain tap water. Smallest Component of cold chain. If there is any leakage such ice-packs should be discarded. 2 vaccines are kept in two holes inside the ice pack. Can maintain vaccine temeprature for 2-4 hours.
Social & Preventive Medicine
Cold Chain in India
2f6420d5-ec3a-4a9d-8327-4f254444eb70
True statement regarding SLE in children-
Skin pigmentation more common than adults
No sex difference
Renal involvement more common
None
3d
multi
Ans. is None
Pediatrics
null
5a10e4c0-9482-4b3b-90c6-dae096aaa302
Tibial nerve injury/palsy causes:
Dorsiflexion of foot at ankle joint
Planter flexion of the foot at ankle joint
Loss of sensation of dorsum of foot
Paralysis of muscles of anterior compament of leg
0a
single
A i.e. Dorsiflexion of foot at ankle joint * Tibial nerve (the larger component of sciatic nerve) supplies all muscles of posterior compament of leg (gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris, popliteus, tibialis posterior, FHL & FDL) planti flexing the ankle & foot. Therefore, tibial nerve injury results in loss of planter fle...
Anatomy
null
b949809d-8bf9-425d-ba15-5f3f4cf1f73b
Predisposing cause for carcinoma stomach are except:
Chronic gastric atrophy
Hyperplastic polyp
Intestinal Metaplasia grade III
Pernicious anemia
1b
multi
Answer is B (Hyperplastic Polyps) 'Hyperplastic polyps do not appear to have malignant potential' Gastric Polyps and Premalignant Potential Hyperplastic Polyps Hyperplastic Polyps account for >75% of all gastric polyps These are not considered premalignant lesions and do not appear to have any significant malignant pot...
Medicine
null
45a2152d-f705-4e69-8f42-96e6f23c45d6
Why there is higher incidence of endobronchial intubation in pediatric patients -
Sho trachea
Longer Pediatric ETT
Both
None of the above
0a
multi
Pediatric Airway Anatomy Obligate Nasal Breathers Large Tongue Large Occiput Larynx and Trachea are funnel shaped Vocal Cords slant anteriorly Larynx located higher in neck (at C4 vs. C6 in adults) Narrowest pa of the pediatric airway is at cricoid cailage (until age 5). In adults the narrowest pa is at the glottis ope...
Anaesthesia
Neuromuscular Blocker
19379000-16ab-4ac2-8eb5-f1de12cd35b0
a child has come with depressive symptoms and was staed on anti depressent. which is the antidepressent used in children
clomipramine
fluoxetine
amitriptilline
escitaloprm
1b
single
SSRI * IMPOANCE Most widely prescribed antidepressant * MECHANISM Specifically acts on serotonin transpoers and increases serotonin in synapse. DRUGS FLUOXETINE FLUVOXAMINE DAPOXETINE CITALOPRAM ESCITALOPRAM ESCITALOPRAM SERALINE PAROXETINE USE FLUOXETINE=============CHILDHOOD DEPRESSION FLUVOXAMINE===========OCD DAPOX...
Psychiatry
Pharmacotherapy in psychiatry
5441cb00-1ac6-4da2-bd6b-476b15f307cb
Pathognomonic of thalassemia major :
Conjugated hyperbilirubinemia
Raised HbA2
Raised HbF
Severe anemia
2c
single
Ans. c (Raised HbF). (Robbin, Pathologic Basis of Diseases 5th/600; 6th/615)THALASSEMIA#A characteristic finding on Hb electrophoresis in thalassemia minor increases in HbA0, which may constitute 4% to 8% of the total Hb (normal, 2.5 +- 0.3%).#HbF levels may be normal or slightly increased.#In thalassemia major HbF is ...
Unknown
null
74f2fbeb-0abf-4bd8-a2d6-af84022eccd5
Functions of basal ganglia include
Gross motor
Skilled movements
Emotions
Maintenance of equilibrium
1b
single
The clear and best known function of basal ganglia is planning and programming of motor functions. Mainly- Complex actions such as writing alphabets and skilled movements such as using scissors to cut.
Physiology
null
8b02d5ab-2d1b-4e0d-ad5a-d865933b56da
Subepidermal bullae is seen in ?
Pemphigus vulgaris
Darriers disease
Bullous pemphigoid
HSV infection
2c
single
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Bullous pemphigoid
Skin
null
e4db8a9e-0f4d-4980-a2c1-ebeb76d67fe7
Disc prolapse involving L4 nerve root typically presents with: (Repeat)
Weakness of hip flexion
Absent ankle jerk
Weakness of hip extension
Absent knee jerk
3d
multi
Ans: D (Absent ankle jerk) Ref: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 18th ed.Explanation:Lumbosacral Radiculopathy--Neurologic Features (Sec Table 16}Neurologic ExaminationDeep Tendon ReflexesL4 Nerve Root (L3-4 disc): Patellar Reflex or Knee jerkSI Nerve Root (L5-SI disc): Achilles Reflex or Ankle jerkMotor Exa...
Orthopaedics
Thoracic and Lumbosacral Spine Injuries
f1f3a121-64a3-4311-857b-20e8a1e33a4f
Proteins can be separated by the following except
Electrophoresis
Ultra - centrifugation
Gas chromatography
None
3d
multi
question repeated
Biochemistry
Structure and function of protein
d59d09de-4b69-42ed-8932-d3a4f37130ec
All of the following are true about Alzheimer's disease except?
Number of senile plaques correlate with age
Underlying tau proteins suggest neurodegeneration
Number of neurofibrillary tangles is associated with the severity of dementia
Extracellular inclusions can be found in the absence of intracellular inclusions
3d
multi
Extracellular inclusions CANNOT be found in absence of intracellular inclusions. Neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary changes are found in all associated areas of the cerebral coex. Number of neuritic senile plaques correlate with age. Neuritic plaques can be seen in the normal aged brain also, so they are non-pathogen...
Medicine
Guillian Barre syndrome & Alzheimer's disease
964f8487-75a6-4407-bbfd-85376ec47db3
Ritodrine is a:-
b 2 agonist
b antagonist
a agonist
a 1 antagonist
0a
single
* Selective b2 stimulants : salbutamol, terbutaline, salmeterol, formoterol and ritodrine * b2 agonists can be used for preterm labour as they cause uterine relaxation. * b2 Stimulators Used in preterm labour : RITODRINE ISOXSUPRINE
Pharmacology
FMGE 2017
83e1a4b0-2b9f-456f-9832-debf8f89e4e9
Longest spinous process is for which vertebra:
C7
T2
C2
L3
0a
single
Ans: a (C7) Ref:Snells, 6th ed, p. 821/822; BDC, 4th ed, vol 3, p. 40, vol 2, p. 182, vol 1, p. 198Characteristics of vertebrae:CharacteristicsCervicalThoracicLumbarVertebral foramenTriangularCircularTriangularVertebral bodySmall and broad from side to sideHeart shapedLarge kidney shapedSup. articular facetBackwards an...
Orthopaedics
Bone
57b285d4-fa26-4b0d-9407-2bd552559e48
A bacterium acquires an antibiotic-resistance gene that is carried by a phage vector. The phage vector does not carry randomly chosen poions of bacterial DNA, but instead almost always carries primarily the antibiotic-resistance gene. This is an example of which of the following?
Conjugation
Generalized transduction
Site-specific transduction
Transformation
2c
single
Transduction is the term used for DNA transfer a bacteriophage vector. Transduction that involves specific genomic information is called site-specific transduction. Conjugation is direct DNA transfer between bacteria sex pili. Generalized transduction is a non selective DNA transfer a bacteriophage vector. Transformati...
Microbiology
null
560f0b41-aab3-4d30-ba92-c8f0ac3b7be2
Chandu, 45-years male shows calcification on the right side of his abdomen in an AP view. In lateral view the calcification is seen to overlie the spine. Most likely diagnosis is:
Gallstones
Calcified mesenteric nodes
Renal stones
Calcified rib
2c
multi
Ans. (c) Renal stones* Kidney stones are identified opposite 2nd lumbar vertebra" in X-ray KUB* Gall stones are anterior and Kidney stones overlie the lumbar spine in Lateral view.
Surgery
Kidney & Ureturs
bcff40e0-d316-4d2f-8624-712eebeab122
Age of a person from study of characteristics of teeth can be made by all of the following methods except -
Gustafson method
Mile method
Boyde method
Frame method
3d
multi
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Frame method Age from teeth after 20 yearso Teeth eruption is useful for age estimation upto about 18 years, beyond which it is just a guess work. The methods used areGustafson's method : Useful only in persons older than 21 years of age, depending on the physiological changes in each of the dental ti...
Forensic Medicine
Identification - Medicolegal aspects
a8ac8e3d-cf7c-41af-8e35-67b35df100b5
False statement about diffuse carcinoma of the stomach is:
It is seen mostly in older individuals
Leather Bottle appearance
Loss of expression of E-cadherin
Poorer prognosis
0a
multi
Gastric adenocarcinomas divided into two categories: Diffuse type It Infiltrate and thicken the stomach wall without forming a discrete mass In younger patients Linitis plastica, or "leather bottle" appearance Loss of expression of E-cadherin Carry a poorer prognosis Intestinal type Frequently ulcerative Commonly appea...
Surgery
null
eaaac980-c33a-46d8-a316-02e213207922
Hernia with highest rate of strangulation is?
Direct inguinal hernia
Indirect inguinal hernia
Femoral hernia
Incisional hernia
2c
single
Femoral hernia REF: Sabiston 18th ed chapter 44 The likelihood of strangulation and need for hospitalization also increase with aging. Strangulation, the most common serious complication of a hernia, occurs in only 1% to 3% of groin hernias and is more common at the extremes of life. Most strangulated hernias are indir...
Surgery
null
fb4eaaab-5381-4b70-8224-f4f9a2d00d40
The "Lepra cells" are:
histologically
Histiocytes
Lymphocytes
Neutrophils Plasma cells
1b
multi
Ans. (b) Histiocytes(Ref: Sternberg's Diagnostic Surgical Pathology, 5th Edition. 862)Lepra cells Q - large, mononuclear histiocytes (macrophages) with a foam like cytoplasm Seen in lepromatous leprosy
Pathology
Skin
9bb9203a-cc79-4b22-bca1-3bd019230ae2
What are these crystals that were aspirated from the bursa of an elbow of a patient with rheumatoid arthritis?
Cholesterol
Calcium apatite
Calcium oxalate
Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate
0a
single
Answer A. CholesterolThe rectangular, platelike crystals with strong birefringence (both positive and negative) and notched corners are characteristic of cholesterol crystals. Cholesterol crystals are occasionally seen in the bursal fluid of patients who have rheumatoid arthritis.
Medicine
Immunology and Rheumatology
105ca4bd-e16c-4122-8f78-b77e1be7b881
A 32 year old carpenter presented to you with history of recurrent attacks of chest pain . You prescribe him sublingual nitroglycerin and advise him to take it at the time of pain. The patient revisits the hospital again after 2weeks and tells that the intensity of chest pain has increased on taking nitroglycerin. Th...
Aortic regurgitation
Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy
Aortic dissection
Aortic aneurysm
1b
single
Nitrates are vasodilator drugs which aggravate condition of HOCM , so it is generally not used in HOCM
Medicine
null
df0430eb-7099-425c-a916-6af855a11818
Composition of which of the following intravenous fluids has the closest resemblance to plasma ?
Isotonic saline
1\/5 isotonic saline
4.3% dextrose
Ringer's Lactate
3d
single
Ringer lactate and hamanns solution are identical to blood One litre of Ringer&;s lactate solution contains: 130 mEq of sodium ion = 130 mmol/L 109 mEq of chloride ion = 109 mmol/L 28 mEq of lactate = 28 mmol/L 4 mEq of potassium ion = 4 mmol/L 3 mEq of calcium ion = 1.5 mmol/L Ringer&;s lactate has an osmolarity of 27...
Surgery
General surgery
61cc3a78-18ff-4718-b24f-ee85b90a6033
A 28-year-old lady has put on weight (10 kg over a period of 3 years), and has oligomenorrhea! followed by amenorrhea for 8 months. The blood pressure Is 160/100 mm of Hg. Which of the following Is the most appropriate investigation ?
Scrum electrolytes
Plasma Coisol
Plasma testosterone and ultrasound evaluation of pelvis
T3,T4andTSH
3d
single
In above case the paitent shows the symptoms of hypothyroidism and is in the most affecting age group of females . So a thyroid hormone assay is the most approrpiate investigation . Features of Hypothyroidism Ref - Davidson 23e p637
Medicine
Endocrinology
00d9efd9-cc33-4f14-8e6c-76eefaa1f408
Malignant hyperthermia is
Autosomal recessive pharamacogenetic disease
Succinylcholine is a triggering agent
Metabolic alkalosis and hypokalemia
Calcium infusion is used for treatment.
1b
single
Malignant hyperthermia is autosomal dominant disease. It is characterized by metabolic acidosis and hyperkalemia. i.v dantrolene infusion is used for treatment.
Anaesthesia
null
f63f22bd-7623-4256-a0d1-f5ffc82e09ab
Which of the following is an exclusive 5-HT 1F receptor agonist approved by FDA for treatment of acute migraine attack?
Rimegepant
Lasmiditan
Eletriptan
Dosulepin
1b
single
Lasmiditan has been approved by FDA in October 2019 for acute treatment of migraine attack which is a selective 5-HT 1F receptor agonist. The triptans were designed to stimulate selectively subpopulations of 5-HT receptors; at least 14 different 5-HT receptors exist in humans. The triptans are potent agonists of 5-HT1B...
Medicine
C.N.S
f15ae2c7-1544-4939-a275-a87b889956b7
One virus particles prevents multiplication of 2nd virus. This phenomena is:
Viral interference
Mutation
Supervision
Permutation
0a
single
Viral interference Interference in which infectionof a cell by one virus inhibits simultaneous or subsequent infection by another virus. Most important mediator of interference is interferon. Interference produced by destruction of cell receptors is seen with myxoviruses and enterovirus. It is applied in the field in c...
Unknown
null
2d83b492-3c53-4f3c-8ddf-170c0849274b
Drugs used in alcohol abstinence -
Disulfiram
Nalterxone
Chordiazepoxide
Morphine
0a
single
disulfiram blocks metabolism of alcohol causing aldehyde to accumulate causing headache , flushing , nauseous, Ref Harrison 20th edition pg 99e
Medicine
Nutrition
9ca6898f-f873-4a0c-baae-226819d5132d
Most common site for the initiation of otosclerosis is:
Footplate of stapes
Margins of stapes
Fissula antefenestrum.
Fissula post fenestram
2c
single
Ans. C Fissula antefenestrum.Most common type of otosclerosisMost common site of otosclerosisMost common site for stapedial otosclerosisMost common site for cochlear otosclerosisStapedial otosclerosisFissula ante fenestram (. just in front of oval window)Fissula ante fenestram (. just in front of oval window)Round wind...
ENT
null
746ed320-83fc-474e-af4a-2e3ae8ab8ce7
The suckling reflex and infantile swallow normally disappear by the age of:
First year
Second year
Sixth year
Eight year
0a
multi
Tongue–to–lower lip apposition is so common in infants that this  posture is usually adopted at rest, and it is frequently possible to gently move the infant’s lip and note that the tongue tip moves with it, almost as if the two were glued together. As the infant matures, there is increasing activation of the elevator ...
Dental
null
b53eeb9f-8102-4d33-a224-765b52530dd0
Frey's syndrome occurs due to damage to which nerve during Parotid gland surgery?
Trigeminal nerve
Lesser petrosal nerve
Vidian nerve
Auriculotemporal nerve
3d
single
Ans. is 'd ' i.e., Auriculotemporal nerve Frey's syndromeo Frey's syndrome often results as a side effect of surgeries of or near the parotid gland or due to injury to the auriculotemporal nerve, which passes through the parotid gland in the early part of its course. The Auriculotemporal branch of the Trigeminal nerve ...
ENT
Facial Nerve And Its Disorders
5522ae4b-69cf-4798-ab2d-ab277a35630a
Congenital toxoplasmosis false is aEUR'
IgA is better than IgM in detection
Diagnosed by detection of IgM in cord blood
IgG is diagnostic
Not recalled
2c
multi
IgG is diagnostic Repeat .from May 10 Q no.122
Microbiology
null
c60dae5b-b2b8-4858-86dd-332a61f47fc3
A 65-year-old man with history of syncopal attacks on exeion and angina is undergoing hea valve surgery. The intra-operative appearance is shown below. Which kind of pulse is expected to present in this case before surgery?
Dicrotic pulse
Pulsus bigeminus
Pulsus bisferiens
Anacrotic pulse
3d
single
Aoic Stenosis Notice a calcified hea valve with three cusps. Taking into consideration age of patient with clinical finding of syncopal attacks and angina, Pulse- Slow rising pulse with low amplitude - Anacrotic pulse.
Medicine
Valvular hea diseases
c03695ce-ecc3-4278-99be-82181b703b5d
Dietary changes advocated by WHO for prevention of hea diseases included all of the following except -
An increase in complex carbohydrateconsumption
Reduction in fat intake to 20-30 percent of caloric intake
Consumption of saturated fats be limited to less than 10% of total energy intake
Reduction of cholesterol to below 100mg per 1000kcl per day
0a
multi
Increase in complex carbohydrate consumption that is vegetables ,fruits,legumes and whole grains. Ref-Park&;s textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine 24th edition.
Social & Preventive Medicine
Non communicable diseases
23949099-06c5-44bb-b49e-57ac048a1252
Active and passive immunity should be given together in all except
Tetanus
Rabies
Measles
Hepatitis B
2c
multi
Measles may be prevented by administration of immunoglobulin early in the incubation period. The person passively immunized should be given live measles vaccine 8-12 weeks later. The need for immunoglobulin has now reduced because of the availability of an effective live attenuated vaccine (refer pgno 149 park 23 rd ed...
Social & Preventive Medicine
Epidemiology
7507c92e-73bf-408e-9a80-a5fe58e06f7c
Most appropriate regarding regulation of coronary circulation is:
Autonomic
Autoregulatory
Hormonal
Sympathetic
1b
single
All options are regulator of coronary circulation but the most important one is autoregulation. Blood flow increases when the metabolism of the myocardium is increased. The caliber of the coronary vessels, and consequently the rate of coronary blood flow, is influenced not only by pressure changes in the aorta but also...
Physiology
null
04299d70-3160-4fbc-88c8-524e862b78a3
All the following are premalignant lesions except
Extramammary Paget's disease
Giant congenital pigmented naevus
Dysplastic naevus
Salmon patch
3d
multi
Extramammary Paget's disease (intraepidermal adenocarcinoma)This occurs in cutaneous sites rich in apocrine glands such as the axillae, genital and perianal regions. Approximately 25% are associated with an underlying in situ or invasive adenocarcinoma.Giant congenital pigmented naevus (GCPN) or giant hairy naevusIt is...
Surgery
General surgery
45815be4-f1cc-47e7-beee-c8d7b38af30a
Which of the following is FALSE about SOMATIZATION Syndrome -
Involves 2 sexual disturbance Symptoms
Two GI symptoms
Four pain symptoms
Multiple recurrent symptoms
0a
multi
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Involves 2 sexual disturbance Symptomso For diagnostic criteria at least 1 sexual symptom should be there (not two),o All other diagnostic criteria (other three options) are true.Somatization disordero The essential features of somatization disorder are multiple recurrent somatic symptoms of long dura...
Psychiatry
Somatic Symptom Disorder
2d5b75c8-1dfd-482b-8010-e0961d2d2452
APGAR score-6 means-
Normal
Mild depression
Severe depression
Needs immediate resuscitation
1b
single
Answer-B. Mild depressionAPGAR Score is a quantitative method for assessing infants respiratory circulatory and neurological statusThe test is generally done at one and five minutes afier bih, and may be repeated later if the score is and remains low. Scores 3 and below are generally regarded as critically low, 4 to 6 ...
Medicine
null
31388739-d749-4dca-aa93-71d5627574d5
Vitamin B12 absorption occurs in
Ileum
Jejunum
Duodenum
Colon
0a
single
Vitamin B12 is absorbed bound to intrinsic factor, a small glycoprotein secreted by the parietal cells of the gastric mucosa. Gastric acid and pepsin release the vitamin from protein binding in food and make it available to bind to cobalophilin, a binding protein secreted in the saliva. In the duodenum, cobalophilin is...
Biochemistry
vitamins
4c773769-73b3-4a91-a9f4-a2ccdb0c902f
Genital herpes is caused by ?
HSV-1
HSV-2
VZV
None
1b
multi
Ans. is 'b' i.e., HSV-2
Microbiology
null
6c2ff6da-87a1-487d-bb4e-525d30c2a7ac
A 45-year-old male patient presented to the medicine OPD with the chief complaints of progressive forgetfulness over the past few years along with ataxia. O/E, Wide based shuffling gait Generalized rigidity Hyperextension of neck On examination of eye Restricted eye movements Slow ocular saccades impairment of downward...
Tau
Beta-syn-nuclein
Gamma-syn-nuclein
Amyloid-beta
0a
multi
This is a case of Progressive supranuclear palsy MRI images show the classical humming bird and mickey mouse signs respectively. Progressive supranuclear palsy: - Parkinsonism plus disorder/ Atypical parkinsonism disorder Male > Female Gradually progressive Age > 40 years Present as: - Dementia Progressive supranuclear...
Unknown
Integrated QBank
750c5de4-b593-43b6-9e13-169fb08a5485
This is which Endotracheal tube:-
Flexometallic tube
Laser tube
RAE tube
Double lumen tube
1b
multi
LASER TUBE USED FOR LASER SURGERY Laser Resistant Endotracheal Tubes The most frequent laser related complication is airway fire. Laser Resistant ETTs are used to prevent airway fires during laser surgery of the airway. Initially, fires are located on surface of ETT and cause thermal injury to tissues. If the fire burn...
Anaesthesia
Airway
d0e7b334-7f5d-4233-a8c1-e4628fa11017
What is the emergent management of tension pneutnothorax?
Chest X-ray
Emergency room thoracotomy in unstable patients
Inse needle in 2nd intercostal space
Tube thoracostomy in 5th intercostal space
2c
single
Ans. c. Inse needle in 2nd intercostal space Emergent management of tension pneumothorax is to inse needle in 2nd intercostal space. 'Treatment of tension pneumothorax consists of immediate decompression by rapid inseion of a large-bore needle into the 2nd intercostal space in the mid-clavicular line of the affected he...
Surgery
null
2e6bf31f-446e-47fa-8b9b-d0aa761178c0
A newborn baby presented with profuse bleeding from the umbilical stump after bih. Rest of the examination and PT, APTT are within normal limits. Most of probable diagnosis is:
Factor X deficiency
Glanzmann thrombasthenia
von-Willebrand disease
Bernard-Soulier disease
0a
single
Ans. a. Factor X deficiency
Pathology
null
7c4a5a37-3151-483c-9645-514d6e483831
pumping action is shown by:
Central hemangioma
Peripheral hemangioma.
Central giant cell granuloma.
All of the above.
0a
multi
pumping action is if the tooth in the tumor area is pushed into the socket,it is rebound back
Pathology
null
ce147f6e-da7b-436d-891b-6e425a924da4
Secondary ossification centre appears before bih at
Upper end of femur
Lower end of femur
Lower end of tibia
Lower end of fibula
1b
single
Long Bone Diaphysis (shaft) - derived from primary ossification center. * present at 6 - 8 weeks of IUL. Epiphysis (ends) - derived from secondary ossification center. * appear after bih Except - Lower end of femur & sometimes upper end of tibia. | Their secondary ossification center appears before bih.
Anatomy
FMGE 2018
bfbbc130-a09e-4d2d-9240-6539799edf0a
Curling's ulcer is seen in:
Burn patients
Patients with head injuries
Zollinger Ellison syndrome
Analgesic drug abuse
0a
single
Cushing ulcer: stress gastritis due to intracranial injury/increased ICP Curling ulcer: after burn injury (>35%); in the body and fundus; not in antrum and duodenum Cameron ulcers or riding ulcers; linear gastric erosions in hiatal hernias
Surgery
GIT
6aa2de24-dceb-4e0d-a20d-7383d821390f
Most of the pseudomonas infection is based on oppounism. The exception is:
Glanders
Pneumonia
Otitis media
Skin infection
0a
multi
The pseudomonas: They are heterogeneous group of gram-negative bacteria Common feature among them is the inability to ferment lactose. There are three medically impoant genera--Pseudomonas, Burkholderia, and Stenotrophomonas The pathogenicity of most is based on oppounism; the exceptions are the organisms that cause me...
Medicine
null
dd381573-42cc-4e61-9bfe-50d2f93b6f1a
Lice are not the vectors of :
Relapsing fever
Q fever
Trench fever
Epidemic typhus
1b
single
LICE(Singular Louse): wingless insects, also known as &;Fly babies&; Lice as the vectors of disease: Diseases transmitted byy lice Causative agent Epidemic typhus Rickettsia prowazekii Relapsing fever Borrelia recurrentis Trench fever Rickettsia quintana Dermatitis Due to scratching & secondary infection Ref: Park 25th...
Social & Preventive Medicine
Environment and health
33754b78-17bf-4977-883a-73dac3c8c05b
Baclofen acts as -
GABAA receptor agonist
GABAB receptor agonist
GABAA receptor antagonist
GABAB receptor antagonist
1b
single
Ans. is 'b' i.e., GABAB receptor agonist There are two types of GABA receptors. 1. GABAA receptor - Intrinsic ion channel --> increases Cl- conductance, blocked by bicuculline, facilatated by benzodiazepines. 2. GABAB receptor - G protein coupled receptor; hyperpolarizes neurones by increasing IC conductance and alteri...
Pharmacology
null
aff62358-f430-4e13-9224-01504b232aa9
Mondor's disease -
Ca Breast
Thrombophlebitis of superficial veins of breast
Premalignant condition of breast
Filariasis of breast
1b
single
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Thromboblastids of superficial vain of breast Mondor's disease involves superficial thrombophlebitis of the superficial veins of the breast Diagnosis of superficial thrombophlebitis can be easily made by physical examination of an erythematous palpable cord coursing along a superficial vein, usually l...
Surgery
Miscellaneous (Breast)
92eb5b7b-5376-4940-a75b-541a628b68ab
Which of the following is formed of elastic cailage?
Auditory tube
Nasal septum
Aicular cailage
Costal cailage
0a
single
Auditory tubeREF: Basic histology, Carlos & Jose, 11th edition, Chapter 7, Cailage, Textbook of human histology 4th e p. 92-94
Anatomy
null
c6882836-8db3-4fc8-b881-207fd74655af
Sources of health waste
Nursing homes
PHC
Animal houses
All of the above
3d
multi
Hospitals, animal houses, research labs, blood banks ..etc all generate healthcare- waste and therefore, covered under Bio-medical waste rulesPark 23e pg: 789
Social & Preventive Medicine
Hospital waste and disaster management, Occupational health
fbc3082d-e2bd-4f6c-b465-37b68e3e4fa4
Linear accelerator produces
X-rays
γ-rays
α-particles
β-particles
0a
single
X-rays - Linear accelerator. γ-rays - emitted by radioactive materials.
Radiology
null
2972df97-b036-49d4-ba15-e1dcdbd22ab8
All of the following are true about the Herd immunity for infectious disease except
It refers to group protection beyond what is afforded by the protection of immunized individuals
It is likely to be more for infections that do not have a sub clinical phase
It is affected by the presence and distribution of alternative animal hosts
In the case of tetanus it does not protect the individual
1b
multi
The herd structure not only involves host population belonging to the herd species but also the presence and distribution of alternative animal hosts and possible insect vectors as well as those environmental and social factors that or or inhibit the spread of infection from host to host Ref: 25th edition, Park's Textb...
Social & Preventive Medicine
Epidemiology
7c0daeb2-4bc3-4a62-b4b5-0037a1cc4925
Not a characteristic feature of Lowe's syndrome
Defect in CNS and eye
Undescended testes
Mental deterioration
Hypophosphatemic rickets
1b
single
Oculocerebrorenal syndrome (also called Lowe syndrome) is a rare X-linked recessive disorder characterized by congenital cataracts, hypotonia and areflexia, mental retardation, proximal tubular acidosis, aminoaciduria, phosphaturia, and low-molecular-weight proteinuria. Glaucoma is present in about 50% of cases.
Physiology
All India exam
4c243359-8ede-4bb4-8f20-156d2e0cc30f
Posterior belly of digastric develops from:
1st arch
2nd arch
3rd arch
4th arch
1b
single
Ans: B (2nd arch) Ref. BDC, 4 ed, Vol. III p. 289Anterior belly of digastric is derived from the 1sl arch, while the posterior belly develops from the 2nd arch.ARCHNERVEMUSCLESSTRUCTURESFROM CARTILAGE1stMandibularMedial pterygoidLateral PterygoidMasseterTemporalisMylohyoidAnt. Belly of DigastricTensor tympaniTensor pal...
Anatomy
Triangles of Neck
b226a61e-3f1e-492b-ae7f-71e269987ba6
Insulin increases the entry of glucose into:
All tissues
Renal tubular cells
The mucosa of the small intestine
Skeletal muscle
3d
multi
Skeletal and cardiac muscle, adipose tissues contain GLUT4, which is stimulated by insulin.
Physiology
null
eef0905b-965f-4a6b-bd06-604bded9c566
Mean Hb values in two population groups are compared by
Paired t test
Unpaired t test
Chi square test
Fischer test
1b
single
Ref:Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine 25th Ed
Social & Preventive Medicine
Biostatistics
e3fff86a-f185-4175-8bea-3920f3a9b8fe
Hyperbaric Oxygen is not useful in
CO poisining
Veigo
Gas gangrene
compament syndrome
1b
single
Hyperbaric oxygen is not useful in veigo.
Anaesthesia
Anaesthetic equipments
ad173c6e-9d3e-4193-9edf-9455b388adeb
Like scale is:
Ordinal
Nominal
Variance
Categorical
0a
single
Ordinal
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
99548d24-1698-4e12-b6a3-1df19a8c8395
Cisatracurium, pure CIS isomer of atracurium all true except:-
Is metabolized primarily by Hoffman degradation
Is cardiovascular stable
Produces more laudanosine than an equipotent dose of atracurium
Has onset & duration similar to atracurium
2c
multi
Atracurium molecule is mixture of 10 stereoisomers in which Cis isomer is only 15 %. A total Cis isomer was seperated and new drug was prepared which is Cisatracurium. Cisatracurium a pure CIS isomer of atracurium produces no /minimal histamine release and is more potent than atracurium. Thus it is given in less dose a...
Anaesthesia
Neuromuscular Blocker
8426bfcd-9f1a-4b46-80b7-8673cc374421
Treatment of choice for Kawasaki disease is :
Intravenous immunoglobulin
Steroids
Azathioprine
Aspirin
0a
single
All patients of Kawasaki's disease should be treated with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). Aspirin should be used for fever and inflammation. It should be continued if a coronary aneurysm develops. Methylprednisolone should follow if disease symptoms persist after two injections of IVIG. Drugs for refractory cases in...
Pharmacology
null
842f97ac-d7fa-4a89-a9cc-780d7c0ed236
Hind milk is rich in?
Water
Fat
Proteins
Zinc
1b
single
Ans. b (Fat) (Ref. OP Ghai Essential Paediatrics 6th ed., 150)HIND MILK comes later towards the end of feed and richer in fat content and provides more energy, and satisfies the baby's hunger. Thus the composition of milk also varies during the phase of feeding. For optimum growth, the baby needs both fore and hind mil...
Pediatrics
Nutrition
2d6b922a-802f-4c9a-b881-633108973942
Causes of restrictive cardiomyopathy are-a) amyloidb) sarcoidosisc) Viral myopathyd) Alcohole) Storage disease
abe
bcd
cde
acd
0a
single
Acute viral myocarditis, alcohol abuse, pregnancy., thyroid disease, cocaine use, and chronic uncontrolled tachycardia cause dilated cardiomyopathy- Harrison 17th/l481 Restrictive Cardiomyopathies (RCMs) - Harrison 17th/1485-86 The hallmark ofthe restrictive cardiomyopathies (RCMs) is abnormal diastolic function ; the...
Pathology
null
3583a198-ea6c-4dd8-8830-ecd58505c7af
If you calculate the plasma osmolality of a child with plasma Na+ 125 mEq//, glucose 108 mg/ dl, and BUN (blood urea nitrogen) 140 mg/ dl, the most appropriate answer would be:
300 mOsm/kg
306 mOsm/kg
312 mOsm/kg
318 mOsm/kg
1b
single
Ans. is 'b' i.e. 306 m Osm/kgRef: Ganong 21st/e p 6Osmolality (m Osm/kg) = 2 + 0.055 + .36 The values in this child:Na+ -> 125 meq/1Glucose 108 mg/dlBUN 140 mg/dlPutting these values in the equationOsmolality = 2 + 0.055 + 0.36 = 250 + 5.94 + 50.4 = 306.34
Physiology
Body Fluids
33e9d1db-2214-47e1-9be3-46dae6042907
In a cervix low grade squamous intraepithelial leison (LSIL) in Bethseda system includes:
CIN I
CIN II
CIN III
Squamous metaplasia
0a
single
In Bethesda system: LSIL = CIN 1 HSIL = CIN 2, CIN 3/Ca in situ
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
07f03b5e-3bff-4209-a795-92390c294619
Antidote of choice for Belladonna poisoning ?
Disulfiram
Atropine
Physostigmine
Flumazanil
2c
single
Ans. is 'c' i.e., PhysostigmineAntidote of choice for belladonna (atropa belladonna or atropine) poisoning - Physostigmine.
Forensic Medicine
null
438d39c8-be3c-416a-bc90-0488d701aa67
CSF sugar is -
Half of blood sugar
1/3 of blood sugar
2/3 of blood sugar
Same as blood sugar
2c
single
Ans is'c' i.e.,2/3 of blood sugarCSF / plasma glucose ratio is 0.64.
Physiology
null
3b0e2bcd-f2c2-49f7-8c7a-55151055eee1
All of the following mechanisms of action of oral contraceptive pills are true, except :
Inhibition of ovulation
Prevention of feilization
Interference with implantation of feilized ovum
Interference with placental functioning
3d
multi
Mechanism of Action of OCPs: 1.The combined oral pill suppresses pituitary hormones,FSH and LH peak and through their suppression prevents ovulation. 2.Progestogen causes atrophic changes in the endometrium and prevents nidation. Progestogen also acts on the cervical mucus making it thick and tenacious and impenetrable...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Contraception
f5a8d655-0e7c-42dd-b7a6-1a519a053608
All of the following are used to maintain proper oxygen flow to the patient except –
Placement of Oxygen flowmeter downstream of the Nitrogen flowmeter
A proportionater between N2 and O2 control valve
Different pin index for nitrogen and oxygen
Calibrated oxygen concentration analyses
2c
multi
Pin index safety system for cylinders is to prevent incorrect cylinder attachment (not to prevent hypoxia).
Anaesthesia
null
d4fb6155-7ed1-4198-b2a7-f474ac628270
65 year old Ramdeen presents with Abdominal pain and distension of abdomen. His stools were maroon coloured and he gives a past history of cerebrovascular accident and myocardial infarction. What will be the probable diagnosis ?
Ulcerative colitis
Acute mesentric ischemia
Irritable bowel syndrome
Chron's disease
1b
single
Ans. is 'b' ie. Acute Mesenteric ischemia
Surgery
null
eb6ed677-5113-42eb-a86e-44e7f9c945f3
Anterior uveitis in hypeensive patient, Drug of choice is to decrease the 10P
Lanatoprost
Pilocarpine
Epinephrine
Timolol
3d
single
D i.e. TimololIn inflammatory glaucomas (e.g. hypeensive uveitis as Fuchs uveitis syndrome & Posner-Schlossman syndrome also k/a glaucomatocyclitic crisis) the following drugs should be avoided.1. Prostaglandin analogues e.g. latanoprost Q breakdown the blood aqueous barrier and may exacerbate cystoid macular oedema2. ...
Ophthalmology
null
f48aaa75-a99e-4a68-9018-88a4d2c9f5f9
Duodenal ulcer with bleeding managed conservatively. Which treatment will he successful of the following?
PPI + Bismuth + Tetracycline + Metrogyl
PPI + Amoxycillin + Clarithromycin
PPI + Clarithromycin + Bismuth
PPI + Metrogyl
1b
single
Ans. (b) PPI+ Amoxycillin+ ClarithromycinRef: Sabiston 20th Edition, Page 1201* 90% of duodenal ulcers are associated with H. pylori, hence eradication therapy is advised for 14 days* US FDA Approved regimen LAC--Lansoprazole, Amoxycillin and Clarithromycin
Surgery
Stomach & Duodenum
f76be9f3-8ce9-487c-9fb7-6ae932d03f2c
C peptide is pa of:
Pro-insulin
Insulin
ACTH
Growth hormone
0a
single
C-peptide is a peptide that is made when proinsulin is split into insulin and C-peptide.
Biochemistry
null
8b3e79da-c35a-4d0c-8bb1-ba5bb9f20949
Which of the following is not a technique for protein precipitation?
Trichloroacetic acid
Heat precipitation
Isoelectric point method
Titration with reducing sugar
3d
single
Ans: D. Titration with reducing sugar(Ref Harper 30/e p26)Titration with reducing sugar is not used for protein precipitation.Protein precipitation:Widely used to concentrate proteins & purify them from various contaminants.Used for isolating specific protein in quantities sufficient for analysis.Requires multiple succ...
Biochemistry
null
00e3414c-8f67-4ea3-afd7-2e42af4f7eb2
Which of the following is the rate limiting enzyme of bile acid synthesis
Mitochondrial 17 α hydroxylase
Cytoplasmic 7 α hydroxylase
Microsomal 7 α hydroxylase
Mitochondrial 7 α hydroxylase.
2c
single
Microsomal 7 α hydroxylase (cholesterol 7 α hydroxylase) is the rate limiting enzyme of bile acid synthesis. This enzyme is expressed only in liver.
Biochemistry
null