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135
3f3b756b-17c1-4519-a0f6-9f0ef0ce8825
Bacterial transduction occurs by:
Plasmids
Sex pili
Bacteriophage
Uptake of genetic material by other bacteria.
2c
single
Transduction - Transduction is defined as transmission of a poion of DNA from one bacterium to another by a bacteriophage.
Microbiology
General Microbiology Pa 1 (History, Microscopy, Stains and Structure and Physiology of Bacteria)
669edf51-2ed4-4955-af68-d72e8e577a4b
Highest frequency of BER is seen in which of the following?
Stomach
Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum
1b
single
BER - Basal electrical rhythm is the frequency of the electrical activity (slow waves) in the digestive tract. Stomach = 3-4/min., Duodenum = 12/min, jejunum = 9/min, ileum = 7/min.
Physiology
Gastrointestinal System
3f3686d5-7112-405f-a6ca-8913fd95cc2c
Strangulation most commonly occurs in____ hernia.
Ritcher's
Spigelian
Femoral
Sliding
2c
single
Ans. c (Femoral ) (Ref LB 25th/ 979)Although inguinal hernia may be 10 times more common than femoral hernia, a femoral hernia is more likely to strangulate because of the narrowness of the neck and its rigid surrounds.HERNIA# Vital factsFemoral hernia# third most common type of primary hernia# cannot be controlled by ...
Surgery
Hernia
3a04af2f-91b6-40ac-b429-f3879c7df0e9
Most common hormone deficiency seen after intracranial radiation therapy ?
Prolactin
Gonadotropins
ACTH
Growth hormone
3d
single
D i.e. Growth hormone Growth hormone deficiency is most common endocrinal complication of intracranial radiotherapyQ. Endocranial dysfunction in intracranial radiotherapy Hypopituitarism frequently occurs after exposure of hyothalmus or pituitary gland to therapeutic radiation; especially in children & adolescent. It d...
Radiology
null
099b0423-9dd4-44cb-8ab9-0b0dc8a26110
Corona Radiata of ovum is formed from -
Cumulus ovaricus
Zona pellucida
Formative yolk
Follicular cells
3d
single
Ans - D
Unknown
null
a2f9b1be-1205-42b5-a2a4-b0265e03ea73
A 30 year old male, who met with a A, regained conscious after 36 hours. It was then discovered that the patient is unable to create new memories. The probable site of lesion for this symptom is
Amygdala
Neocoex
Hippocampus
Hypothalamus
2c
single
From the history, it is clear that the patient is suffering from anterograde amnesia. Therefore the site of lesion is hippocampus. Hippocampus is the primary structure within temporal lobe involved in conversion of sho-term memory to long-term memory. Hippocampal cognitive map is inappropriately reactivated during a de...
Physiology
Nervous system
a45ccc74-0c00-42d0-bfa7-e6bf0ddcc779
Pentothiol sodium should preferablay be injected into –
Femoral vein
Antecubital vein
Neck vein
Veins on outer aspect of fore arm
3d
single
Inadverent intra-arterial injection occurs when thiopentone is injected in antecubital vein because in 10% of the cases brachial artery divides above elbow giving a very superficial abnormal artery which lies deep to antecubital vein. Therefore thiopentone injection should be given in the veins over the outer aspect of...
Anaesthesia
null
fccddf4d-b4b7-4b87-bb43-6cec3463d596
In first step of haem synthesis, which amino acid is required ?
Histidine
Folate
Glycine
Fe
2c
multi
Synthesis of heme: In first step of Haem synthesis, Glycine amino acid is required Glycine condenses with succinyl CoA to form 6-amino levulinate which serves as a precursor for heme synthesis.. Copper is necessary for the synthesis of haemoglobin (Cu is a constituent of ALA synthase, needed for heme synthesis.) Pyrido...
Biochemistry
HAEM synth and porphyrias
6f86c247-7bbf-466e-a661-d1cb8166c428
Progestase has to be replaced after :
1 year
5 years
3 years
6 months
0a
single
The US Food and Drug Administration (USFDA)-approved effective life is only 1 year. The contraceptive effectiveness of the progestase is similar to that of Cu IUDs; it reduces menstrual loss but has to be replaced every year.
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Contraceptives
bfb371c1-086b-4d10-ab63-d892645acf13
Epidemiological studies is carried for a period of -
Incubation period
Twice the incubation period
Four times the incubation period
Half the incubation period
1b
single
.epidemiological studies are usually employed for a period of twice the incubation period .it is done so so thzt most of the cases and associated risk factors are identified in such a way that it may help in the interpretation of data collected and thus the epidemiological analysis. ref:park&;s textbook,ed 22,pg no 67
Social & Preventive Medicine
Epidemiology
c973957e-8a58-42c7-9ed0-07ddafc05069
Umbilical cord has ____________
1 vein and 2 aeries
2 vein and 2 aeries
1 vein and 1 aery
2 veins and 1 aery
0a
single
Umbilical cord contain two aeries & one vein. Ref : Ghai essential of pediatrics, 19th edition, p.no402 ; Davidson principal and practice of internal medicine, 22nd edition, p.no:630
Pediatrics
C.V.S
6737b173-0d6f-4667-80a9-9b7c27462b20
Ram Devi presented with generalized edema sweating and
T cell mediated cytotoxicity
IgG mediated reaction
IgE mediated reaction
IgA mediated hypersensitivity reaction
2c
single
The symptoms of the patient are d/t hypersensitivity type I reaction Type I is mediated by IgE and it flairs up within minutes. The symptoms range from rashes to anaphylactic shock with vasodilatory hypotension and bronchiolar spasm. Examples of type I Eczema* Hay fever* Asthma* Anaphylactic shock* Urticaria* A cute de...
Pathology
null
84b24c41-1839-4fc1-8992-39d13f13c407
Crohn&;s disease can be seen in
Jejunum only
Colon only
Terminal ileum and right side
Mouth of anus
3d
single
.crohn&;s disease is a granulomatous, noncaseating inflammatory condition of the ileum commonly and of the colon often. * It is independent of age, sex, socioeconomic status and geographic areas. Main features of Crohn's disease * Ileum--most common site of occurrence--60% * Rectal sparing is usual and common * Skip le...
Surgery
G.I.T
aaeb6d26-5f23-44a4-83da-6a7aa350da50
Long acting glucocorticoid is -
Dexamethasone
Triamcenolone
Prednisolone
Hydrocortisone
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Dexamethasone Relative activity of systemic corticosteroids CompoundGlucoMineraloEquiv, dose (antiinflammatory)Short acting, (Biological t 1/2 < 32 hr)1. Hydrocortisone (cortisol)1120 mgIntermediate acting, (Biologiat t 1/2 12-36 hr)2. Prednisolone3. Methylprednisolone4. Triamcinolone4550[?]80[?]505 m...
Pharmacology
Endocrinology
b5a410d5-95cb-4aa0-9147-04b99c82af82
Preganglionic Parasympathetic fibres are not carried by which cranial nerve -
III
V
VII
X
1b
single
Ans. is 'b' i.e., V o Parasympathetic origin ---> Cranio-Sacral (III, VII, IX, X, S2-S4) o Sympathetic origin --> Dorso-lumbar (T1 to L2 or L3)
Pharmacology
null
fd59869b-9348-42c4-b7fb-8170cc213eca
Which of the statements are TRUE regarding 'psychological autopsy'?
Autopsy of brain and spinal cord
To inquire about the psychiatric illnesses of the deceased
Evaluation of mental state of deceased person before his death
None
2c
multi
The psychological autopsy is a procedure for investigating a person's death by reconstructing the psychological state of the person before his or her death. This reconstruction is based upon information gathered from personal documents, police repos, medical and coroner's records, and face-to-face interviews with famil...
Forensic Medicine
null
2db5c784-9f15-4b20-8c34-c019ee4aeb57
NOT a feature of dementics: WB 09
Loss of sensorium
Wearing of diy clothes
Forgetfulness
Loss of neurons in brain matter
0a
single
Ans. Loss of sensorium
Forensic Medicine
null
60723b07-a778-4323-9fd9-135b8aede9a6
Which of the following drugs is both aeriolar and venodilator?
Hydralazine
Sodium nitroprusside
Minoxidil
Nitroglycerine
1b
multi
Group Effect in CHF Drugs Predominant aeriolar dilator Decrease afterload Hydralazine Predominant venodilator Decrease preload Nitrates Mixed dilator Decrease both preload and afterload Nitroprusside
Pharmacology
CHF, Angina Pectoris and Myocardial Infarction
67787c9d-8765-4e51-9461-8e1316689899
A patient with the complaint of sore throat, dysphagia, and ulcers over the palate since 1 week, comes to OPD. On examination, you found vesicles over the soft palate and tonsillar pillar. The ulcers have a gray base and inflamed periphery. What could be the possible diagnosis?
Herpangina
Pharyngitis
Chickenpox
Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis
0a
single
Differential Diagnosis Tonsillitis / pharyngitis : No vesicles / ulcers, purulent exudate, culture. Chickenpox : Skin lesions Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis : Generalised acute marginal gingivitis, not epidemic, in anterior part of oral cavity.
Pathology
null
6a70d6ef-ed7b-405e-a189-055c71c57e88
Non invasive diarrhea is caused by:
Shigella
B. Cereus
Salmonella
Y. enterocolitica
1b
single
Answer is B (B. cereus) Bacillus cereus causes non invasive diarrhea due to preformed enterotoxins Shigella, Salmonella and Y. enterocolitica are causes of invasive diarrhea.
Medicine
null
c9c182e1-043f-4123-9630-1137f67090c3
Pigment gallstones usually not seen in:
Gilbe's syndrome
Alcoholic cirrhosis
Cystic fibrosis
Clofibrate therapy
3d
multi
Clofibrate therapy: Increased biliary secretion of cholesterol, leads to cholesterol gallstones. Pigment stones are more common in patients who have chronic hemolytic states), liver cirrhosis, Gilbe's syndrome, or cystic fibrosis. Reference: Harrisons Principles of Internal Medicine, 18th Edition, Page 2618
Medicine
null
e3fc16ee-92c7-4502-84f2-5c9bc0c9c8f2
Which of the following are true regarding KFD -
It is zoonosis
Affcets monkeys
Caused by bacteria
Caused by rickettsia
0a
multi
KFD is caused by a virus. Infection is transmitted by the bite of ticks, the principal vector being Haemaphysalis spirogyra. REF:ANATHANARAYAN AND PANIKER'S TEXTBOOK OF MICROBIOLOGY 9TH EDITION PAGE NO:524
Microbiology
Virology
0c592b04-5db3-4c13-b543-20850b8015df
All of the following produces cavitating lesion in the chest radiograph except: March 2010
Caplan's syndrome
Hematoma
Squamous cell carcinoma lung
Hamaoma
3d
multi
Ans. D: HamaomaCauses of Lung cavitation:Alveolar hydatid diseaseBronchogenic carcinomaEmphysemaHistoplasmosisKlebsiella spTakayasu's aeritisMycobacterium tuberculosisNeurofibromatosis type 1ParagonimiasisPneumocystis cariniiPulmonary embolismRheumatoid diseaseStaphylococcus aureus
Pathology
null
aaed72f6-d0b2-4298-8b5a-ac70f8665fdf
The rate of absorption of sugars by the small intestine is highest for:
Polysaccharides
Disaccharides
Hexoses
Pentoses
2c
multi
Hexose absorption is twice as fast as pentose absorption. The absorption rate of hexoses in intestine is : Galactose> Glucose > Fructose. Glucose & Galactose are absorbed by SGLT-1 (Sodium dependent glucose transpo), against the concentration gradient (active transpo). But Fructose is absorbed by GLUT-5, along the conc...
Biochemistry
Glucose Transpo
7697df23-e1f0-4515-ac7d-a71cb0d6795e
Submandibular salivary gland is divided into superficial and deep lobes by
Digastric tendon
Hypoglossus muscle
Mandible
Mylohyoid muscle
3d
single
The submandibular salivary gland is a large salivary gland situated in the anterior pa of the digastrics triangle.The gland is about the size of a walnut.It is roughly J-shaped being indented by the posterior border of the mylohyoid which divides it into a larger pa superficial to the muscle and a small pa lying deep t...
Microbiology
All India exam
b9bd8570-7368-4341-b567-b96be0995411
MIC-2- Marker of
Ewing sarcoma
Osteosarcoma
Dermatofibrous protruberans
Alveolar cell sarcoma
0a
single
., Ewing's sarcoma "MIC-2 is a specific marker for Ewing's sarcoma and peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumours" "MIC-2 gene is a pseudoautosomal gene located on the sho arms of the X and Y chromosomes and is a cell surface marker for Ewing's sarcoma and other members of family of tumour called primitive neuroectod...
Pathology
null
3c42c3be-e6d5-40a8-9428-67a11c34577e
All are indications of liver transplantation except:
Cholangiocarcinoma
Cirrhosis
Biliary atresia
Fulminant hepatitis
0a
multi
Indications for liver transplantation Primary biliary cirrhosis Secondary biliary cirrhosis Primary sclerosing cholangitis Autoimmune hepatitis Caroli's disease Cryptogenic cirrhosis Chronic hepatitis with cirrhosis Hepatic vein thrombosis Fulminant hepatitis Alcoholic cirrhosis Primary hepatocellular malignancies Hepa...
Surgery
Liver
5a3fb07e-9607-44b4-98d6-e9e2046b8ce4
Which statin is not metabolized by CYP3A4?
Lovastatin
Simvastatin
Atorvastatin
Pravastatin
3d
single
Pravastatin causes minimum drug interactions, minimum food interactions and minimum risk of myopathy. They also decreases amount of fibrinogen and it is not metabolised by CYP3A4.
Pharmacology
JIPMER 2019
731909ee-8f41-4230-aa49-cbe8a598d356
All the following familial syndromes are associated with development of pheochromocytomas except:
Sturge-Weber syndrome
Von Recklinghausen disease
MEN Type II.
Prader-Willi syndrome.
3d
multi
. Prader-Willi syndrome.
Pathology
null
e66bdab5-f69a-4124-8d93-cae763058451
Which of the following agents is not used in the treatment of Diabetic Macular Edema Retinopathy-
Ruboxistaurim
Pyridazinones
Benfotiamine
Tamoxifen
3d
multi
Antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a pivotal role in the etiopathogenesis of diabetic maculopathy and retinopathy. Anti-VEGFs when given intravitrealy in 0.1 ml vehicle lead to improvement in vision in > 40% cases and stabilise vision in another >40% cases...
Ophthalmology
Vitreous and retina
993a097d-f871-4605-a018-8d0ae8ba3ec7
The recommended treatment for preputial adhesions producing ballooning of prepuce during micturition in a 2-year-old boy is -
Wait and watch policy
Circumcision
Dorsal slit
Preputial adhesions release and dilatation
1b
multi
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Circumcision o Ballooning of prepuce during micturition is suggestive of phimosis.Phimosis# When the opening of the prepuce is so small that it cannot be retracted over the glans penis, the condition is called phimosis.# Phimosis is of two types1. Congenital2. Acquired - It usually presents late in li...
Surgery
Miscellaneous (Urethra & Penis)
caac15af-6ff0-4920-adfb-38005baaefb5
"Prion" group of diseases include
Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
Alzheimer's disease
Parkinson disease
0a
single
(A) Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease # Prion Disease:> Prions are infectious proteins that cause degeneration of the Central Nervous System (CNS).> Prion diseases are disorders of protein conformation, the most common of which in humans is called Creutzfeldt-Jackob Disease (CJD).> CJD typically presents with dementia and myoc...
Medicine
Miscellaneous
a9ab47cf-2796-445c-a270-e86382d46191
In civil negligence, onus of proof lies on -
Judicial first degree magistrate
Police not below the level of sub inspector
Doctor
Patients
3d
single
BURDEN OF PROOF: The patient has to prove the four elements of negligence by a preponderance of the evidence. The four elements are the existence of Duty of care by a doctor, Dereliction on pa of the doctor to maintain the applicable standard of care and skill, failure to exercise duty or care led to Direct causation o...
Forensic Medicine
Medical Jurisprudence
b239321e-bf31-4ed8-a4c5-f91d04f52a33
An immunologist is conducting an experiment to understand precipitation reactions. He notes that on adding excessive amount of antibody to a serum sample containing small amount of antigen, the amount of precipitate formed is less, compared to adding smaller amount of antibody to the same sample. What is this phenomeno...
Pro-zone phenomenon
Zone of equivalence
Post-zone phenomenon
Flocculation phenomenon
0a
multi
Lattice hypothesis explains this: In precipitation reactions, the amount of precipitate formed is greatly influenced by the relative propoions of antigens and antibodies. Pro-zone phenomenon: It is caused by excessive antibody in the test system. (Weak or even absent precipitation and a false negative test) Zone of equ...
Microbiology
Immunology
fea5c8e7-1d24-46f3-880f-035147a23ac0
Which one of the following is an environmental factor associated with mental illness?
Emotional stress
Frustration
Broken home
all of the above
3d
multi
the social and environmental factors associated with mental health comprises of worries, anxieties, emotional stress , broken homes , frustration, ,tension,unhappy, marriages, povey, industrialization environmental factors other than psychosocial ones capable of producing abnormal human behaviour are toxic substances (...
Social & Preventive Medicine
Social science, Mental health & Genetics
72318d13-fd9c-47c9-846c-e6310a161f2b
Following is a cause of secondary angle closure glaucoma ?
Pseudophakia
Coicosteroid induced
Angle recession glaucoma
Congenital glaucoma
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Pseudophakia Causes of secondary angle closure glaucoma Pupillary block: uveitis, psudophakia Angle fibrosis: neovascular glaucoma
Ophthalmology
null
4cbb305a-97c7-4244-8d5c-37430b870f4d
Low risk in carcinoma thyroid: 1. Men < 50 years 2. Women < 40 years 3. Papillary carcinoma < 5 cm 4. Metastasis 5. Follicular carcinoma > 5 cm
1,2 & 3
2 & 3
2,3 & 4
All
1b
multi
Low risk group in differential thyroid carcinoma: Men < 40 years & women < 50 years without distant metastasis All older patients with minor tumor < 5 cm in size and minor capsular involvement and no metastasis High Risk group in differential thyroid carcinoma: Distant metastasis All older patients patients with extra ...
Surgery
null
336276a6-99d1-475d-8e79-ef2167176072
The minor duodenal papilla is opening of -
Hepatic duct
Hepatopancreatic ampulla
Accessory pancreatic duct
Bile duct
2c
single
Major duodenal papilla → Hepatopancreatic ampulla (opening of the biliary-pancreatic duct). Minor duodenal papilla → Accessory pancreatic duct opening.
Anatomy
null
0189c0d4-f07b-4eac-af39-9d59fde71109
Which of the following drug is used in sickle cell anemia?
Hydroxyurea
Carmustine
Paclitaxel
Bleomycin
0a
single
Ans. a. Hydroxyurea The only drug approved by US FDA for the treatment of sickle cell anemia is hydroxyurea.Hydroxyurea in Sickle Cell Anemia* The only drug approved by US FDA for the treatment of sickle cell anemia is hydroxyurea.* Hydroxyurea increases total and fetal hemoglobin in children with sickle cell disease.*...
Pharmacology
Anti-Neoplastic Agents
f30e007a-22e3-45c9-932d-1b6f0c3779a3
A person who believes his penis is getting smaller and would disappear leading to death. Diagnosis is
Amok
Koro
Dhat
Brian fag
1b
multi
Culture-Bound Syndrome(CBS-)specific arrays of behavioral and experiential phenomena that tend to present themselves preferentially in paicular sociocultural contexts and are readily recognized as illness behavior by most paicipants in that culture. Name of CBS Region of prevalence Psychopathology Amok * Malaysia Laos,...
Psychiatry
All India exam
ed84c7ec-b2a8-4d82-baee-7a95d55b1e8d
What is not true for facial aery :
Main source of oxygentaed blood to palatine tonsil
Is a branch of internal carotid aery
Supplies branches to both upper and lower lips
Conveys postganglionic sympathetic nerve fibres
1b
multi
B i.e. Is a branch of internal carotid aery
Anatomy
null
f8e870fa-8c26-41ae-8948-27d104c141bd
Postpartum VVF is best repaired after:
6 weeks
8 weeks
3 months
6 months
2c
single
Management of VVF is surgical management: The timing of surgery - Small urinary fistulas sometimes heal spontaneously during the first few weeks. However, in a case of established fistula - it is better to wait for about 3 months° for all tissue inflammation to subside. If one attempt fails to heal fistula, the sec...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
1567cda2-3493-43bd-ba77-ebda8c7ab2a5
Alpha antitrypsin is synthesized in :
Brain
Liver
Spleen
Kidney
1b
single
1-Antiproteinase (about 52 kDa) was formerly called 1-antitrypsin, and this name is retained here. It is a single-chain protein of 394 amino acids, contains three oligosaccharide chains, and is the major component (>90%) of the 1 fraction of human plasma. It is synthesized by hepatocytes and macrophages and is the prin...
Biochemistry
null
52fe9787-5c2a-48ce-ba19-10cf265b505d
Spoligotyping is done for ?
Staphylococcus
Salmonella
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Brucella abous
2c
single
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Mycobacterium tuberculosis Spoligotyping (spacer oligotyping) is a type of polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Compared with other PCR-based methods that combine detection and typing of such DNA, spoligotyping is more sensitive, because it targets the direct repeats (DRs) present in multiple (sometimes u...
Microbiology
null
fb1109b3-6119-4c6f-b479-4a5be4408e0b
20 year old patient presents with hypokalemia, alkalosis with normal blood pressure and no edema. the diagnosis is
Bartter syndrome
Liddle syndrome
Glucocorticoids remediable aldosteronism
Apparent mineral ocorticoid excess syndrome
0a
single
It is characterized by hypokalemia , alkalosis, high rennin level and hypercalciuria , but with normal blood pressure and no edema. This is due to mutation Na-k-cl co transporter gene , usually begins in childhood.
Unknown
null
695f6b5e-a1c0-46ec-9b23-d3d60c967ee5
Which one of the following makes epiphyseal cailage matrix fail to calcify?
Thyroxine
Hypervitaminosis A
Hypovitaminosis D
Hydrocoisone
2c
single
In the absence of vitamin D, epiphyseal chondrocytes continue to proliferate, but their matrix does not calcify, which leads to rickets.
Anatomy
Cailage tissue & cell junctions
cc3ea37d-cd44-4b3a-858d-c8e2f57503d1
A patient complains to a physician of chronic pain and tingling of the buttocks. The pain is exacerbated when the buttocks are compressed by sitting on a toilet seat or chair for long periods. No lumbar pain is noted. Pain is elicited when the physician performs Freiberg's maneuver. Most likely diagnosis?
Disk compression of the sciatic nerve
Fibromyalgia
Piriformis syndrome
Popliteus tendinitis
2c
single
This is piriformis syndrome. As you may recall from your anatomy, the piriformis is the small muscle that crosses the greater sciatic foramen, cutting it into two spaces as the muscle passes from the edge of the sacrum to the greater trochanter. The sciatic nerve comes out of the greater sciatic foramen below the pirif...
Unknown
null
870bba22-7070-4402-bdf1-02a6c32c1ed1
Primordial prevention in myocardial infarction are all except -
Maintenance of normal body weight
Change in life style
Change in Nutritional habits
Screening for hypertension
3d
multi
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Screening for hypertension * Primordial prevention is done even before the development of risk factors.* Risk factors are not allowed to develop.* In CHD:-i) Maintenance of normal body weight (prevention of development of obesity).ii) Change in life style.iii) Change in nutritional habits
Social & Preventive Medicine
Concept of Health and Disease
73fbb292-1e52-4821-a3fd-56984f503d75
A 5 year old child suffering from nephrotic syndrome is responding well to steroid therapy. What would be the most likely finding on light microscopy?
No finding
Basement membrabne thicking
Hypercellular glomeruli
Fusion of foot processes
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e., No finding Minimal change disease o Minimal Change Disease is the most common cause of Nephrotic syndrome in children. Edema and Selective proteinuria are features of nephrotic syndrome. Fever may be present on account of increased susceptibility to infection. o Minimal change disease prsents with ins...
Pediatrics
null
c5e6d92f-890c-470b-a1f7-28fe08e9a0c4
Soot paicle in respiratory tract indicates death due to: March 2013 (c)
Hanging
Drowning
Burns
Road Traffic Accident
2c
single
Ans. C i.e. Burns Antemoem burns The presence of carbon paicles in the terminal bronchioles on histological examination is absolute proof of life during fire. The soot is better seen by spreading a thin film of mucus on a clean sheet of white paper. Presence and amount of soot in air-passage depends on the type of fire...
Forensic Medicine
null
990f51ca-ac8b-4232-a6e7-1e9ae5bd283c
Which among the following is TRUE about MIRENA?
Levonorgestrel IUCD
Hormonal implant
Anti progesterone
Used for MTP
0a
multi
The levonorgestrel-releasing IUS, Mirena, releases 20 mcg of levonorgestrel per day and is approved for contraception for up to 5 years. It achieves local progestin concentrations that are ~1000-fold higher than systemic levels. It has many contraceptive actions including thickening of cervical mucous, inhibiting sperm...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
df7097b5-b421-4ae9-9c41-446868bab50b
NaF preservative is added in suspected cases of poisoning by ?
Cocaine
Alcohol
Cyanide
All the above
1b
multi
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Alcohol
Forensic Medicine
null
8f55dcfd-28b4-4a8f-809e-04d720965fd6
in census literacy rate is assessed by:
Attended literacy classes for one year
Ability to write signature
Ability to read and write
Attended schooling
2c
single
Ans: C (Ability to read and write) Ref: Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, K Park. 22nd edition. page no 44 7Explanation:Census is conducted once in 10 years in India.Literacy rate is assessed those above 7 years ageIn census it was first used in 1991 censusA person who can read and write with understanding in...
Social & Preventive Medicine
Demography
38143c2c-bed2-4c4b-8319-12729376591e
Man is intermediate host for:
Brugia malayi
W. Bancrofti
Plasmodium
T. saginata
2c
single
In plasmodium human is the intermediate host and mosquito is the definative host . Definitive host-- a.Harbors -- Adult parasite b.Harbors most highly developed Form. c.Where sexual replication occurs. Intermediate host-- Harbours Asexual form Humans act as intermediate host for Plasmodium, Toxoplasma, Babesia, Echinoc...
Microbiology
Parasitology Pa 1 (Protozoology)
4bcf10be-b651-426b-b217-80ea03685801
Most common site of Morgagni Hernia is
Left Anterior
Right posterior
Right Anterior
Left posterior
2c
single
More common in right side and lies between the pericardium and right pleura. B D CHAURASIA&;S HUMAN ANATOMY LOWER LIMB ABDOMEN AND PELVIS VOLUME-2,SIXTH EDITION Page no-334
Anatomy
Thorax
a594fbe0-520f-42d0-bd31-5b5d5e6e4994
Muscle relaxant of choice in liver disease is?
Atracurium
Pipecuronium
Rocuronium
Vecuronium
0a
single
Ans. (A) Atracurium(Ref: Katzung 11th/e p456, KDT 8th/e p.380)Atracurium and cis-atracurium are degraded spontaneously by Hoffman's elimination. These do not require liver or kidney for elimination and thus are muscle relaxant of choice in a patient with renal and hepatic dysfunction.Other drugs mentioned in the questi...
Pharmacology
Anaesthesia
faa40e91-a8c9-44c8-ad42-0824f37a0f5e
All are infraclavicular branches of brachial plexus except ?
Ulnar nerve
Long thoracic nerve
Axillary nerve
Thoracodorsal nerve
1b
multi
Ans. is `b' i.e., Long thoracic nerve
Anatomy
null
814a8f4e-47d3-4711-b679-665d76eebcec
All of the following conditions are associated with raised amylase level except: September 2007
Carcinoma pancreas
Perforated ulcer
Acute pancreatitis
Acute appendicitis
3d
multi
Ans. D: Acute appendicitis
Surgery
null
371cebef-3066-4fd3-8d4f-2b13bff3e15d
The Postmoem finding seen in smothering :
Abrasion on the inner side of the mouth
Fracture body of hyoid
thyroid fracture
Curved marks on the neck
0a
single
A i.e. Abrasion on the inner side of mouth
Forensic Medicine
null
54752294-584d-421f-8764-3a37436d98e0
All of the following hormones have receptors on the plasma membrane of target tissues except
Thyrotropin
Glucagon
Estradiol
Insulin
2c
multi
b-Estradiol; 17b-estradiol; the most potent naturally occurring estrogen in mammals, formed by the ovary, placenta, testis, and possibly the adrenal coex; therapeutic indications for estradiol are those typical of an estrogen.Ref: Ganong&;s review of medical physiology; 24th edition; Page no: 403
Physiology
Endocrinology
c2daef8c-3566-42ef-a581-5f3dd15c91a8
All of the following modalities can be used for in situ ablation of liver secondaries, except:
Alcohol
Cryotherapy
Radio-frequency
Ultrasonic waves
3d
multi
Techniques used for in situ ablation of liver secondaries includes cryosurgical ablation, radio frequency ablation, microwave ablation, laser ablation and alcohol injection. These techniques are mainly used in patients having unresectable tumors. Ref: Oncology: An Evidence-Based Approach By Alfred E. Chang, Page 1645; ...
Surgery
null
ee7bb984-0e00-43bb-b52a-98fc030225c9
RET gene mutation is seen in which malignancy -
Pheochromocytoma
Medullary carcinoma thyroid
Lymphoma
Renal cell carcinoma
1b
single
(B) (Medullary carcinoma thyroid (280, 728-29 Robins 8th) 815 Harsh Mohan 6th)Medullary thyroid carcinoma* RET proto-oncogene is a growth factor receptor (receptor tyrosine kinase)* The RET protein is a receptor for the glial cell lined derived neurotrophic factor and structurally related proteins that promote cell sur...
Pathology
Neoplasia
881e6b6c-5329-4a3a-bad0-5be94f6cb041
The features of neonatal hypehyroidism include all except -
Triangular facies with craniosynostosis
Congestive cardiac failure
Advanced osseous maturation
Goiter is rare
3d
multi
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Goiter is rare Goiter is almost always present in congenitally hypehyroid infants" Fetal and neonatal hypehyroidism o Fetal and neonatal hypehyroidism are usually produced by transplacental passage of thyroid - stimulating immunoglobulins. o Most commonly, the thyroid stimulating immunoglobulins are a...
Pediatrics
null
dfe2fdad-84ed-465f-a0e0-c34cb98c9e50
Which of the following act through tyrosine kinase receptor?
Insulin
Glucagon
Growth hormone
Follicle stimulating hormone
0a
single
Insulin act by binding to plasma membrane receptors on the target cellsHas 2 alpha subunit and 2 beta subunitBeta subunit has tyrosine kinase activity Interaction of insulin with receptor alpha subunit triggers a conformational change, which is propagated to the beta subunit and activates itRef: DM Vasudevan, 7th editi...
Biochemistry
Endocrinology
5be36d91-926e-4571-a9c6-8084da369830
Organism showing marked resistance to multidrug therapy is
Haemophilus ducreyi
Calymmobacterium granulomatosis
Gonococci
Treponema pallidum
2c
multi
From 1957,strains with decreased susceptibility(MIC higher than 0.1 unit/ml) became common. As patients infected with such strains did not respond to the usual doses of penicillin, very large doses were used. From 1976, gonococci producing penicillinase have appeared, rendering penicillin ineffective. Since 2006, due t...
Microbiology
Bacteriology
63bb89d3-6553-42b2-a844-4d11b0eb4815
Accidental choking of respiratory passage by bolus of food: NEET 14
Gagging
Overlying
Cafe coronary
Burking
2c
single
Ans. Cafe coronary
Forensic Medicine
null
2e55e1f9-2010-4b5b-9f0a-37ff8fe76446
Serum levels of different hormones estimated on the exact day of ovulation will reveal
Increased FSH, increased LH, decreased oestrogen and progesterone
Increased FSH, increased LH, increased oestrogen and progesterone
Increased FSH, increased LH, decreased Inhibin-B
Both FSH & LH should remain high in the midcycle to induce ovulation.
3d
multi
Answer: d) Both FSH & LH should remain high in the midcycle to induce ovulation.
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Miscellaneous (Gynae)
731f4883-3bf8-4277-997d-5420d2915e33
The following statement is true regarding chrono-pharmacology(REPEAT)
Study of time related effects of drugs
Study of dose related effects of drugs
Study of adverse effects of drugs
Study of naturally obtained drugs
0a
multi
Chrono-pharmacology is the science dealing with effects of drugs in relation to biological clock.
Pharmacology
All India exam
4bdf74b3-713e-4aa6-b421-1456eb9b4060
A 50 years old male patient travels alone in a remote village of Rajasthan was not on any food or water for the past 24 hours. Urine osmolality is 1150 mOsm/Kg. The major site of water reabsorption is
Proximal tubule
Henle's loop
Distal tubule
Medullary collecting duct
0a
single
Answer: a) Proximal tubuleWater Transport along the NephronSegmentPercentage of Filtrate ReabsorbedMechanism of Water ReabsorptionHormones That Regulate Water PermeabilityProximal tubule67%PassiveNoneLoop of Henle15%Descending thin limbonly; passiveNoneDistal tubule0%No water reabsorptionNoneLate distal tubule and coll...
Physiology
Kidneys and Body Fluids
516803ca-e4a0-472a-8005-95a984c36eae
The type of fracture which occurs in infants and children is
Greenstick fracture
Signature fracture
Mosaic fracture
Sutural fracture
0a
single
Pond fracture ( Indented fracture, Greenstick fracture) This type of fracture occurs in infants and children due to incomplete ossification of the skull bones. On the outer table, a dent is formed just like that on a ping pong ball and the inner table is usually not fractured. It is also called Ping pong fracture. ref:...
Anatomy
Special topics
36bb2a18-e6f4-4480-9c38-c78f22ef15f8
All are true about septic arthritis except:
Staph. Aurreus is most common causative organism
Common in children
Affect growth plate
E.coli is the commonest causative organism
3d
multi
Ans: D (E.coli is...) Complication: Damage to the cartilaginous physts or the epiphysis in the growing child is the most serious complication. Sequelae include retarded growth, partial or complete destruction of epiphysis, deformity of the joint, epiphyseal osteonecrosis, acetabular dysplasia & psuedoarthrosis of the h...
Orthopaedics
Infective Arthritis
20130b37-b157-4561-9ee6-aea9083dbacd
All are true regarding retinoblastoma except:
They play major role in cell cycle regulation
Require deletion of both the Rb genes
Familial variant is autosomal dominant in inheritance
Chromosome 13p 14
3d
multi
Rb gene aka "Governor of the cell cycle" is a key negative regulator of the G1/S cell cycle transition. Rb gene is located on 13q14 chromosome. To explain the two patterns of occurrence of retinoblastoma, Knudson proposed his now canonic "two hit" hypothesis of oncogenesis. Two mutations (hits), involving both alleles ...
Pathology
JIPMER 2017
5df6a7ee-7169-4d63-be51-9f4aff160b14
At how many weeks of gestation is amniocentesis mostly performed ?
10-12 weeks
12-20 weeks
20-25 weeks
25-30 weeks
1b
single
Amniocentesis is often performed between 15 and 20 weeks of gestation. Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) is an alternative to amniocentesis and is usually performed either transervically or trans abdominally between 10 and 12 weeks of gestation .
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
d3179a31-e3e4-4500-9403-0455ad680b22
True about blood flow in various organs
Liver > Kidney > Brain > Heart
Liver > Brain > Kidney > Heart
Kidney > Brain > Heart > Liver
Liver > Heart > Brain > Kidney
0a
multi
Total blood flow through various organs (whole organ) Liver - 1500ml/min - 27.8% of cardiac output Kidney - 1260ml/min - 23.3% of cardiac output Skeletal muscle - 840ml/min - 15.6% of cardiac output Brain - 750ml/min - 13.9% of cardiac output Skin - 462ml/min - 8.6% of cardiac output Heart - 250ml/min - 4.7% of cardia...
Physiology
null
a9a6edb3-70f2-4a3f-aab4-5bfd6068a4b0
Lens used to treat myopia is
Convex
Concave
Cylindrical
Any of the above
1b
multi
Ans. b (Concave). (Ref. Parson, Diseases of Eye, 18th/pg.65)MYOPIA (SHORT SIGHTEDNESS)# Most common is axial myopia# Clinically simple myopia is most common# If refractive error is > -6D, called high myopia, in which axial length is usually > 26 mm.# Pathological or degerative myopia is characterized by progressive AP ...
Ophthalmology
Errors of Refraction
2682372e-d2f8-4ea5-bf47-eee386b043fe
In which of the following patients would Enalapril be the best 1st line drug for high blood pressure control?
A 62 year old man with renal aery stenosis
A 30 year old pregnant female
A 40 year old woman with hyperkalaemia
A 60 year old diabetic woman
3d
single
ACE inhibitors have been shown to reduce moality in chronic hea failure, hypeension, and diabetic renal disease * ACE inhibitors and ARBs increase the risk of hyperkalemia in CKD and with supplemental K+ or K+-sparing drugs. ACE inhibitors and ARBs should be discontinued during pregnancy as they cause fetal kidney dama...
Pharmacology
Cardiovascular system
973872fe-b32c-494b-99a4-258b553ef62c
Most common diaphragmatic hernia in children is:
Through the foramen of Bochdalek
Through the foramen of Morgagni
Traumatic rupture of the diaphragm
Eventration of the diapliragm
0a
single
(Through the f oramen of Bochdalek): Ref: 873 - LB (894-B & L 25th)Hernia through the foramen of Bochdolek - (Posterolateral) This is rarely the persistence of the pleuroperitoneal canal and the opening is in the dome of the diaphragm posteriorly* It is the most common diaphragmatic hernia in children* TRIAD of respira...
Surgery
Hernia
d2b5a553-7746-4dd0-b9a7-2c5771ac3788
Mallory weiss Syndrome is caused due to tear in ?
Lower esophageal end.
Upper esophageal end.
Crico pharyngeal junction.
Gastro esophageal junction.
3d
multi
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Gastroesophageal junction Mallory -Weiss syndrome o Is characterized by mucosal tear at the gastroesophageal junction following a bout of forceful retching (or vomitting, coughing or straining). o The tear is paial thickness, extends through the mucosa and submucosa, but not through the muscular layer...
Pathology
null
aca1f07f-d4b8-4866-9701-2dc08fe98694
The use of highly active anti-retroviral therapy is associated with the development of:-
Keratitis
Uveitis
Retinitis
Optic neuritis
1b
single
HAA is given in AIDS patients, and has proved to be very effective in decreasing the viraemia and improving the CD count. Incidence of CMV retinitis is markedly decreased in such patients. But due to the improvement in the immunity, the patient stas developing uveitis.
Ophthalmology
Vitreous Humour, Uveal Disorders
34818a7b-fcd3-42ff-98a0-dee54fb7dfde
All of following features are seen in the viral pneumonia except :
Presence of interstitial inflammation
Predominance of alveolar exudates
Bronchiolitis
Multinucleate gaint cells in the bronchiolar wall
1b
multi
Atypical pneumonia Acute viral pneumonias or interstial pneumonias are sometimes called atypical pneumonias because the typical features of air space pneumonia are not present in them. The term ‘atypical” denotes The moderate amount of sputum. Only moderate elevation of white cell count. No physical findings of consoli...
Unknown
null
3793bb17-453d-4fd9-bf6c-5dc8198bad75
True regarding leptospirosis is?
Rats are the only reservoirs
Fluoroquinolones are the DOC
Person to person transmission rare
Hepatorenal syndrome occurs in 50% cases
2c
multi
Ans. (c) i.e. Person to person transmission rare Note: - Weil syndrome develops in 5-10% of infected individual - Treatment of choice for leptospirosis is Ampicillin -Doxycycline is the drug of choice for chemoprophylaxis.
Microbiology
null
a85d45e7-06f2-478f-a861-e3693b6e7ab7
Accordian sign is seen in
Pseudomembranous colitis
Intussusception
Ileocecal TB
Ischemic colitis
0a
single
The 'Accordion sign' (also known as 'conceina sign') is seen on CT examinations of the abdomen Refers to the similarity between the thickened oedematous wall of Pseudomembranous colitis and the folds of an accordion. This appearance is the result of hyperaemic enhancing mucosa stretched over markedly thickened submucos...
Radiology
Gastrointestinal Radiology
e2c1b557-7332-4a6a-a8e3-c763c0481bf2
An HIV-positive patient with a viral load of 100,000 copies/mL of HIV RNA and a drop in his CD4 T-cell count from 240 to 50mL has been diagnosed with Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia. Which of the following is the best description of the stage of this patient's HIV disease?
HIV infection, stage 1
HIV infection, stage 2
HIV infection, stage 3 (AIDS)
HIV infection, stage unknown
2c
single
Current criteria for HIV infection require a positive result from an HIV antibody screening test confirmed by a positive result from a western blot or indirect immunofluorescence assay for HIV antibodies; or a positive result or report of a detectable quantity of HIV nucleic acid, HIV p24 antigen, or HIV isolation ( st...
Microbiology
Virology
43e136bc-5d47-4cd4-a576-bb88850e23e4
Irreversible injury in cell is
Deposition of ca ++ in mitochondria
Swelling
Mitotic figure
Ribosomal detachment
0a
single
Ref, Robbins 8/e p13-14;7/ep11,9/ep47
Anatomy
General anatomy
f398c9aa-bd85-4cc3-b592-b68a998054e8
Glaucomflecken is -
Acute uvetis due to glaucoma
Lens opacity due to glaucoma
Retinal detachment due to glaucoma
Corneal opacity due to glaucoma
1b
single
Glaucomflecken (anterior subcapsular lenticular opacity) Ref comprehensive ophthalamology AK Khurana 4th edition page no:230
Ophthalmology
Glaucoma
80fa0b28-5030-45cf-8658-3d85491f49a7
Pacemaker complex of stomach is located in:
Fundus
Midpoion of the body of stomach
Pylorus
Gastro-duodenal junction
1b
single
Pacemaker complex is located in the wall of the stomach near the midpoion of the body of stomach. Co-ordinated contractions of stomach, after the arrival of food, arise in this region of the stomach. These waves,are not action potentials. Instead, they are slow, undulating changes in the resting membrane potential.
Physiology
Gastrointestinal System
e2ff6a16-44c9-448a-93a6-e5d0650d131b
Which of the following muscle of mastication is having opposite & independent function?
Lateral pterygoid
Medial pterygoid
Both 1 & 2
None
0a
multi
The lateral pterygoid muscle is now known to function as two distinct muscles, the inferior and superior lateral pterygoid muscles, having independent and almost opposite functions.
Anatomy
null
2c822782-9908-456c-9f7f-2d65b48df60d
Most common hymen tear in sexual assault is
Posterolateral
Anterior
Anterolateral
Posteromedial
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Posterolateral * In virgin rupture (tears) of hymen due to sudden stretching occurs in posterior half of membrane usually at the sides (i.e. posterolaterally) in 4 or 8'0 clock or 5 or 7'0 clock position, or in the midline of hymen (6'0 clock position).* Posterolateral rupture is more common than post...
Forensic Medicine
Sexual Offenses
69ed999b-e067-410e-83e2-98ae5196be48
During the active phase of labour, the minimum effective dilatation of the cervix in primigravida should be at the rate of
0.5 cm/hour
1 cm/hour
1.5 cm/hour
2.5 cm/hour
1b
single
Dilatation of cervix1cm/hr in primigravidae1.5cm/hr in multigravidaeD.C.DUTTA&;S TEXTBOOK OF GYNECOLOGY, Pg no;130,7th edition
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
General obstetrics
d86ddf16-26e5-4d50-a8fc-90e095637b00
The following conditions are associated with molar pregnancy except :
Pregnancy induced hypeension
Thyrotoxicosis
Gestational diabetes
Hyperemesis gravidarum
2c
multi
Gestational diabetes
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
3aa93055-68c3-43a5-a486-e5b05015f093
Macrosomia is seen in all except
Diabetes mellitus
Obesity
Hydrocephalus
Post maturity
2c
multi
Risk factors associated with macrosomia : Maternal diabetes Multiparity Increased maternal age Maternal obesity Prolonged gestation Male fetus Ref: Dutta Obs 9e pg 263.
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Medical, surgical and gynaecological illness complicating pregnancy
76f1428f-1754-41ba-8a15-135665844338
An infant presented with erythematous lesions on cheek and extensor aspect of upper and lower limbs. There is a family history of Asthma. The probable diagnosis is:
Air borne contact dermatitis
Atopic dermatitis
Seborraehic dermatitis
Infectious eczematoid dermatitis
1b
single
History of atophy (asthma) in family, with erythematous lesions on face (cheek) and extensor surface of limbs is suggestive of atopic dermatitis. Ref: Pediatric Allergy, Asthma And Immunology By Arnaldo Cantani, 2008, Page 511; Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine 16th Edition, Page 268; Roxburgh's Common Skin Di...
Skin
null
f56df547-ce14-4e46-90d7-4fea749f63e2
Which of the following is not a complication of fibroid in pregnancy?
Preterm labour
Postpaum hemorrhage
Aboion
malignant transformation
3d
single
Complications of fibroid in pregnancy includes miscarriage,preterm labour,abruption,malpresentation,unengaged head at term,uterine ineia,obstructed labour,PPH,difficulties in CS,puerperal infection. Refer page no 221,222 of Text book of obsteics,sheila balakrishnan,2 nd edition.
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Medical, surgical and gynaecological illness complicating pregnancy
bdd836f7-7d86-489c-9fd1-8ee8a61598d8
Active pulmonary TB can be diagnosed on CT-scan by following finding ?
Tree in bud appearance
Honey comb appearance
Ground glass appearance
Signet ring sign
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Tree in bud appearance(Ref Chapman 4n/e p.142,143; Fundamentals of radiology) Tree-in-bud sign or pattern describes the CT appearance of multiple areas of centrilobular nodules with a linear branching pattern.This is a characteristic sign of active pulmonary TB.Other impoant sign of pulmonary TB on CT...
Radiology
null
7aae2d4f-49b3-4cb6-8822-37a63ffae92c
Unilateral proptosis & bilateral 6th nerve palsy is seen in-
Cavernous sinus thrombosis
Meningitis
Hydrocephalus
None
0a
multi
Ans. is 4a' i.e., Cavernous sinus thrombosis Cavernous sinus thrombosiso The cavernous sinus is a cavity at the base of the brain that contains a vein, several nerves, and other structures,o The vein and cavity run between the large bone at the base of the skull (sphenoid bone) and temporal bone (near the temple), ther...
ENT
Nose and PNS
915c6be2-3209-4003-bd50-63f6372ce373
Windsock appearance on barium is seen in?
Duodenal perforation
Duodenal ulcer
Brunner gland hyperplasia
Internal duodenal diverticulum
3d
single
Ans DWindsock appearanceQ is intraduodenal barium contrast- filled sac that is surrounded by a narrow lucent line seen in intraduodenal diverticulumQ.
Radiology
G.I.T.
2be5fce2-641d-4b93-846e-003e0d167783
In breech, engagement takes places earliest in :
Frank
Complete
Knee
Footing
0a
single
Frank
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
18405d66-ec58-4a82-bf97-9cd279a1bb09
A new born who has frothing of mouth. Cyanosis is present on day one. The most probable diagnosis is:
Lung hypoplasia
Lung cyst
Diaphragmatic hernia
Esophageal atresia
3d
single
Ans. d. Esophageal atresia (Ref: Ghai 7/e p151: Nelson 19/e p1262)A new born who has frothing of mouth. Cyanosis is present on day one. The most probable diagnosis is esophageal atresia.'The diagnosis of esophageal atresia is entertained in an infant with excessive salivation along with coughing or choking during the f...
Pediatrics
New Born Infants
c596dbfc-f99b-49e2-a3f6-15df4f57f2fc
Which is not a beta lactum antibiotic?
Penicillin
Carbepenem
Monobactum
Azithromycin
3d
single
These are antibiotics having a beta-lactam ring. The two major groups are penicillins and cephalosporins. Monobactams and carbapenems are relatively newer additions. ESSENTIALS OF MEDICAL PHARMACOLOGY page no.716
Pharmacology
Chemotherapy
85dce256-bd12-4aa7-94ec-abb0f99ac39d
Distal interphalangeal joints are involved in all except -
Psoriatic arthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis
Reactive arthritis
Osteoarthritis
1b
multi
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Rheumatoid arthritis JointImportant arthritis involving the jointDistal interphalangeal jointProximal interphalangeal jointMetacarpophalangeal joint1st Carpometacarpal jointWristOsteoarthritis, Psoriatic arthritis, Reactive arthritisOsteoarthritis, RA, SLE, Psoriatic arthritisRA. pseudogout, hemochrom...
Orthopaedics
Rheumatoid Arthritis