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7fe36cf8-7f3e-4064-9a31-e0e3beaae7b9 | Oral glucose tolerance test in children is done with: | 1.5 gm/kg glucose | 1.75 gm/kg glucose | 2 gm/kg glucose | 75 gm as an adult | 1b | single | - Dose of glucose used in Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT): Adults - 75 gm children - 1.75 gm/kg of ideal weight, up to a maximum of 75 gm | Pediatrics | Diabetes mellitus and obesity |
a7ae0333-bdb0-4879-8178-2c47ab23eaed | A child climbs with alternate steps, builds a tower of 8-9 cubes, tells I but not his name and cannot say his age and sex the probable age is: | 24months | 30months | 36 months | 48months | 1b | multi | Table11-1Emerging Patterns of Behavior from 1-5 Yr of Age* 15 MOMotor:Walks alone; crawls up stairsAdaptive:Makes tower of 3 cubes; makes a line with crayon; inses raisin in bottleLanguage:Jargon; follows simple commands; may name a familiar object (e.g., ball); responds to his/her nameSocial:Indicates some desires or ... | Anatomy | General anatomy |
518c5584-7499-4ede-8485-9151f35d7e8e | All are true regarding 5th cranial nerve except | Arises from midbrain | It is whole sensory supply of face | It supply the muscles of mastication | Supplies parasympathetic to saliva glands | 3d | multi | The parotid gland receives its parasympathetic input from the glossopharyngeal nerve the otic ganglion while the submandibular and sublingual glands receive their parasympathetic input from the facial nerve the submandibular ganglion. | Anatomy | Head and neck |
0874eedf-6f21-4d1f-b6f9-2eac4e62237a | Florence test detects: JIPMER 13 | Inositol | Choline | Spermine | Citric acid | 1b | single | Ans. Choline | Forensic Medicine | null |
ea6f4783-af11-4c07-8b67-41afb7830770 | Autoimmunity can be caused due to all of the all following except - | The pressure of forbidden clones | Expression of cryptic antigens | Negative selection of T-cells in the thymus | Inappropriate expression of the MHC proteins | 2c | multi | Altered T or B cell function also contribute to autoimmunity. Enhanced helper T cell and decreased suppressor T cell functions have been suggested as cause of immunity. - defect in the tymus, in stem cell development and macrophage function have also been postulated as causes. Reference: Anathanarayan & paniker's 9th e... | Microbiology | Immunology |
6ff564b9-4c82-4477-a468-f0bb40746d80 | A 23 year old child presented with leucocorea in the right time since 2 months. on examination, a total retinal detachment was present in the same eye. Ultrasound b-scan revealed a heterogeneous subretinal mass with calcification associated with retinal detachment the most likely clinical diagnosis | Coats disease | Retinoblastoma | Toxacariasis | Retinal tuberculoma | 1b | single | It indicates an epileptic Retinoblastoma where there is exudative retinal detachment Refer khurana 6/e 303 | Ophthalmology | Diseases of orbit, Lids and lacrimal apparatus |
25914c67-7d04-4752-a391-9e87232e4229 | Civatte bodies are found in:(1998) | Lichen Planus | Psoriasis | Dermatophytosis | Vitiligo | 0a | single | Ans: a (Lichen planus)Ref: Robbin's Patho, 7th ed, p. 1258 & 6th ed, p. 1200 | Pathology | Skin |
3ac64cd3-3d21-4078-995a-f52056daf11c | Maximum shortening of limbs occur in | Trochantric femur | Post dislocation of hip | neck femur | Anterior dislocation of hip | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e. posterior dislocation of hip Be sure of the answer, we have been taught this in the clinics.Shortening of the limb is seen in: (in decreasing order)Post dislocation of hip (maximum) shaft femur Intertrochanteric neck femur | Orthopaedics | Fracture Neck of Femur |
9f0d3ec0-f784-454c-b2e0-99db87df57ea | Increase in alpha-fetoprotein is seen in : | Hepatoblastoma | Neuroblastoma | Thymoma | Angiosarcoma | 0a | single | Answer is A (Hepatoblastoma): Hepatoblastoma is a malignant liver tumor of infancy i.e. typically associated with very high serum AFP levels. The lesions are usually solitary, may be resectable and have a better.five year survival than that of HCC. | Medicine | null |
5c1652a1-905f-4be0-8677-4259eb94b2d0 | Which of the following is the best test for assessment of intestinal malabsorption? | Fecal fat estimation | Serum lactose levels | Serum amylase levels | NBT-PABA test | 0a | single | Ans: A(Ref: Harrison 19/c p193(S)Fecal fat estimation - Gold standard test for diagnosis of malabsorption.Intestinal malabsorption diagnosis:D-xylose test.Tests for xylose absorption in intestinal villi.Distinguishs intestinal from pancreatic malabsorption.Pancreatic malabsorption diagnosis:NBT-PABA & serum amylase. | Medicine | null |
16fba9fd-4932-4948-af3c-5185305af69a | Lower esophageal sphincter lies at what distance from the incisor teeth? | 15cm | 25cm | 40cm | 50cm | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., 40cm * 2nd constriction is at T4 level where arch of aorta crosses esophagus.Esophageal constrictionsNumberDistance from incisorBony levelAnatomical landmark1st15 cm (6 inches)C6At its beginning (pharyngo-esophageal junction)2nd22.5 cm (9 inches)T4Crossing of aortic arch3rd27.5 cm (11 inches)T6Crossin... | Anatomy | Thorax |
cf1de0ac-a4bf-4ca2-b89d-40b3cc210b75 | Bennet fracture dislocation involves base of - | 1st metacarpal | 5th metacarpal | 1st metatarsal | 5th metatarsal | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., 1st metacarpal * Benett's fracture is an intra-articular fracture dislocation of the palmar base of first metacarpal bone of the thumb with either subluxation or dislocation of first carpometacarpal joint, i.e. trapezometacarpal joint. The common mechanism of injury is an axial blow directed against t... | Orthopaedics | Hand Injuries |
ce4ad41b-b0c4-4222-b714-616c839bfb1d | Which of the following signs is not associated with glomus tumour? | Rising sun appearance | Aquino's sign | Brown's sign | Griesinger's sign | 3d | single | Griesinger's sign is oedema over the mastoid due to thrombosis of mastoid emissary vein. It is seen in lateral sinus thrombosis.Other three are features of glomus tumour when it arises from dome of jugular bulb (glomus jugulare). It produces red Hush in the lower part of tympanic membrane resembling a "rising sun".Brow... | ENT | Ear |
25232e7d-0ca1-4c85-9152-7f0d7cea62ff | PUVA therapy is used in : | Psoriasis | Lichen planus | Freckles | Melasma | 0a | single | FDA approved indications of PUVA are vitiligo and psoriasis. | Pharmacology | null |
3f7da90b-7b58-4737-bf2a-03764640a865 | Feature of osteoahritis is - | Heberden node | Increased ESR | Onycholysis | Z deformity | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Heberden node Joint involvement in OA Common joints : Knee, Hip, Spine (cervical, lumbosacral), Hand (PIP, DIP, first carpometacarpal), first tarsometatarsal. Uncommon joint : Shoulder Spared : Wrist, elbow, ankle, metacarpophalangeal. In osteoahritis of hand : Distal interphalangeal joint :- Heberden... | Surgery | null |
8f28e17d-8be0-4008-85b4-a327e25df568 | The least extrapyramidal side effects are seen with the following phenothiazine | Clozapine | Triflupromazine | Fluphenazine | Thioridazine | 3d | single | Side effects of impoant CNS drugs Midazolam Ataxia , Blackouts in elderlyTolcapone Hepatotoxic Phenytoin Hirsuitism , Gingival hyperplasia , Osteomalacia , Teratogen , Megaloblastic anemia , Ataxia , Lymphadenopathy , Hyperglycemia , Arrhythmias , Vitamin K deficiency Valproate Irreversible hepatic necrosis in older ch... | Pathology | All India exam |
067004ba-77f8-4640-96e1-cb1e33d519a2 | A 16 year-old boy presented with asymptomatic, multiple, erythematous, annular lesions with a collarette of scales at the periphery of the lesions present on the trunk. The most likely diagnosis is: | Lichen planus | Seborrhic dermatitis | Pityriasis rosea | Tinea versicolor | 2c | single | Multiple, erythematous, annular lesions with a collarette of scales at the periphery of the lesions present on the trunk is suggestive of Pityriasis rosea. Lichen planus Purple Polygonal Pruritic Papules; Lacy white markings, Associated with mucous membrane lesions. Seborrheic dermatitis Central facial erythema with ov... | Dental | Lichen planus and Other papulosquamous disorders |
d8d45c31-c3b1-40fe-a1c3-5322f138e8e0 | Bleomycin toxicity affects which type of cells: (REPEAT) | Type-I pneumocytes | Type-II pneumocytes | Endothelial cells | Pulmonary alveolar macrophages | 0a | single | Bleomycin :This is a mixture of closely related glycopeptide antibiotics having potent antitumour activity. It chelates copper or iron, produces superoxide ions and intercalates between DNA strands-causes chain scission and inhibits repair . It is highly effective in testicular tumour and squamous cell carcinoma of ski... | Pharmacology | Chemotherapy |
7b42737f-fcdb-4ca6-9d65-cc922cd4cef3 | The following are the contraindications to the use of combined oral contraceptive pills EXCEPT: September 2012 | Breastfeeding | History of deep venous thrombosis | Active viral hepatitis | Bronchial asthma | 3d | multi | Ans. D i.e. Bronchial asthma | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
8ac6f3df-cb8c-4c9c-af4a-f52f6d67ae68 | Leukocytoclastic vasculitis as an extrahepatic manifestation is noticed in: | Chronic hepatitis B | Chronic Hepatitis C | Autoimmune hepatitis | Wilson's disease | 0a | single | Extrahepatic complications of chronic hepatitis B Extrahepatic complications of chronic hepatitis B, is associated with deposition of circulating hepatitis B antigen-antibody immune complexes. They are; Ahralgias and ahritis - common, Purpuric cutaneous lesions (leukocytoclastic vasculitis) - Rare Immune-complex glomer... | Medicine | null |
efcca5da-6859-4c19-aa78-7e0869e1893e | Which of the following genital infections carries the highest risk for preterm delivery: March 2005 | Trichomonas vaginitis | Monilial vaginitis | Bacterial vaginitis | Human papilloma virus | 2c | single | Ans. C: Bacterial Vaginitis Bacterial vaginosis increases the risk of preterm bih and premature rupture of membranes. It is also associated with infection of the placenta (chorioamnionitis) and post-cesarean infection. | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
1e3c54d0-f68d-4aec-b938-6fb8a37ef9e1 | An affected male infant born to normal parents could be an example of all of the following, except: | An Autosomal dominant disorder | An Autosomal recessive disorder | A polygenic disorder | A veically transmitted disorder | 0a | multi | A i.e. Autosomal dominant disorder Autosomal dominant disease cannot occur in offspring of an unaffected individuals. Because the allele is dominant it will always express phenotypically (clinically) and hence both parents can't be normal in autosomal dominant disorders even if they have a single abnormal gene. | Medicine | null |
08c5f378-339b-4455-867b-86a18c7cd140 | Grievous injury includes all the following except- | Emasculation | Permanent privation of hearing | Privation of any member/joint | Disability to follow one's ordinary pursuits for a period of a week | 3d | multi | It should be for 20 days (not for a week). | Forensic Medicine | null |
76abd34b-6e05-4116-b355-d7d31d6f0946 | Absent P Wave is seen in: | Atrial Fibrillation | Cor-pulmonale | Mitral Stenosis | COPD | 0a | single | Answer is A (Atrial Fibrillation) P wave is typically absent in Atrial Fibrillation. COPD and Cor-Pulmonale are associated with tall p waves from Right Atrial Enlargement (P-Pulmonale) while Mitral Stenosis is typically associated with a wide and notched p wave from Left Atrial Enlargement (P-Mitrale) Causes of Absent ... | Medicine | null |
b384104a-eeb3-4778-b3c0-ff30dfcbbfbd | A 27-year-old homosexual male presents with a foreign body in the rectum. During the extraction of the foreign body, a large tear in the sigmoid colon with extensive devitalization and contamination is observed. What is the preferred method of treatment? | Observation | Proctoscopic repair | Laparotomy and closure of sigmoid colon tear | Laparotomy, closure of sigmoid, and proximal colostomy or exteriorization of perforation as a colostomy | 3d | single | Rectosigmoid injuries should promptly raise a high index of suspicion, warranting immediate sigmoidoscopy to confirm the diagnosis. Sigmoidoscopy, rigid or flexible, involves much manipulation and insufflation of air. This is hardly desirable or safe in the presence of a significant tear in the presence of a rectal for... | Surgery | Small & Large Intestine |
c5741273-e914-476e-a552-53361a722553 | In ARDS management , mechanical ventilation usually Tidal volume is | 2-3ml/kg | 5-7 mI/kg | 5-lOml/kg | 12-14ml/kg | 1b | multi | Low volume ventillation(6 ml/kg predicted body weight)has got lower moality(31%) as compared to the conventional ventilation (12 mL/kg predicted body weight)-40%. Ventilator-induced injury in ARDS is due to two mechanisms: Volutrauma from repeated alveolar overdistension due to excess tidal volume Atelectrauma from rec... | Medicine | Respiratory system |
7e8c9869-3336-45be-8afb-d987c010d225 | Treatment of choice in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. | Chemotherapy | Radiotherapy | Chemo given with radiation | Surgery | 1b | single | Radiotherapy: It is the treatment of choice for nasopharyngeal cancer. Stage I and II are treated by radiotherapy alone while Stage III and IV require concomitant radiation and chemotherapy or radiation followed by chemotherapy. | ENT | FMGE 2019 |
4a4cdbe4-6ea9-443a-9bf8-e5a36bf4dfe3 | All are true about hypospadias, except: | Circumcision in infancy is contraindicated | Avoid surgery till puberty | No treatment required in glandular variety | If associated chordee is present, 2 stage operation is done | 1b | multi | Ans. (b) Avoid surgery till puberty* Surgery ideal age- 6 months to 1 year* Chordee 2 stage operation is known as Dennis Browne operation is done. First chordee is released. In 2nd stage we correct the opening. | Surgery | Urethra & Penis |
d42bb0df-06cc-4359-a4c4-be450d38d88a | A newborn with eyes closed 6 hrs after birth is lustily crying; There are no chest retraction & movements of all four limbs are present. Neonatal behavioral response grading. | State 1 | State 3 | State 5 | State 6 | 3d | multi | d. State 6(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 63)As the neonate is lustily, (i.e. strongly) crying, his behavioral response grading is state 6 (prechtl's system)Behavioral StateDescription1Eyes closed, regular respiration, no movements (may have startle) (Quiet sleep)2Eyes closed, irregular respiration, may have small isolated/ gros... | Pediatrics | New Born Infants |
e303e531-2cb6-4319-9820-1f3cf8d004c4 | Biological indicator for determining efficacy of autoclaving is | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | Clostridium perfringenes | Bacillus stearothermophilus | Salmonella typhi | 2c | single | Sterilization control METHOD Sterlization control Hot air oven Autoclave Filtration Ionizing radiation (cold sterilization) Ethylene oxide Plasma sterilization Clostridium tetani non toxigenic strain, B.subtilis, sub sp. niger B.Stearothermophillus Brivundimonas dimunata B. Pumilus B.Globigi B.Stearothermophillus | Microbiology | FMGE 2018 |
69a5956f-210e-4851-b67f-6987fbdd114d | Most common type of scleritis ? | Non-necrotizing | Necrotizing | Posterior | None | 0a | multi | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Non-necrotizing Classification of scleritis It can be classified as follows : I. Anterior scleritis (98%) 1. Non-necrotizing scleritis (85%) Diffuse Nodular 2.Necrotizing scleritis (13%) With inflammation Without inflammation (scleromalacia perforans) H) Posterior scleritis (2%) | Ophthalmology | null |
62d24ba7-2223-4392-a811-8065c7838246 | Which of the following parameters adds predictive information regarding cardiovascular risk stratification and the measurement of serum cholesterol? | Anti-chlamydia pneumoniae antibodies | C-reactive protein | Homocysteine | Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 | 1b | single | Recent studies have demonstrated that markers of inflammation correlate with coronary risk and that inflammation plays a role in atheromatous plaque instability. Elevations of C-reactive protein, (CRP) identify patients at increased risk of myocardial infarction (MI) and poor outcome of acute coronary syndromes. Measur... | Medicine | null |
6d4d1ad6-1f20-419f-90b3-3657d7e08015 | Most common cause of congenital hypothyroidism: (Repeat) | Thyroid dysgenesis | Maternal antibodies | Inborn errors of thyroid hormone defects | Maternal iodine deficiency | 0a | single | Ans: A (Thyroid dysgenesis) Ref: Nelsons Textbook of Pediatrics. 19th Edition. Pg.1895Explanation:"Most cases of congenital hypothyroidism results from thyroid dysgenesis "(Ref: Nelson)Refer 2013 Pediatrics Question Explanation | Pediatrics | Thyroid Gland |
2a673d59-8851-4d6e-8c15-98e46b9073ea | A 12 year old girl with the mood and emotional liability has a golden brown discoloration in descement membrane. Most likely diagnosis is ? | Fabry's disease | Wilson's disease | Glycogen storage disease | Acute rheumatic fever | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Wilson's disease Emotional liability, tremors (Neurological symptoms) with brown discoloration of descemet's membrane of coenea suggest the diagnosis of Wilson's disease. Wilson's disease ? o It occurs due to reduced mobilization of copper from lysosomes in liver cells for excretion into the bile. o A... | Pediatrics | null |
cc21d5b6-ec01-4bad-b3dc-32de93e60f2b | Regarding outpatient hysteroscopy all are true except : | Abnormal uterine bleeding is an indication | Normal saline as distension medium can be used | It is less accurate than saline infusion sonography (SIS) | It is not reliable to exclude endometrial carcinoma | 2c | multi | Hysteroscopy is the gold standard investigation for evaluation of uterine cavity Can be both diagnostic and therapeutic Normal saline can be used as distension medium but not suitable for monopolar electrosurgery. Other media: Carbon dioxide, Glycine, Manitol Indications: Abnormal uterine bleeding, Infeility, Mullerian... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Gynaecological diagnosis and operative surgery |
f8ca292e-76f4-42f2-8bf1-0702c0360860 | A patient with an endocrine abnormality shows 'hung up' reflex. Which of the following condition causes 'hung up' reflex? | Myxedema | Hypehyroidism | Hypothyroidism | Pheochromocytoma | 2c | single | A prolonged relaxation phase of a deep tendon reflex causing a "hung up" reflex, especially of the ankle jerk, is a classical finding of hypothyroidism (Woltman's sign), but is not specific for it. Hung-up reflexes can also be seen in diabetes, hypothermia, and in the presence of ceain drugs. The reflexes return to nor... | Physiology | null |
8e093537-c2ea-4af0-b5c0-d81dc23e190a | Km value indicates: | Purity of Enzyme | Physiological role | The substrate concentration at half maximal velocity | Affinity | 2c | single | The dose rate-Cpss relationship is linear only in case of drugs eliminated by first order kinetics. For drugs (e.g. phenytoin) which follow Michaelis Menten kinetics, elimination changes from first order to zero order kinetics over the therapeutic range. Increase in their dose beyond saturation levels causes an increas... | Pharmacology | null |
7b7dbc9c-5bf8-40d0-8c01-9647180f289b | Uveitis is associated most commonly with : | Rheumatoid arthritis | Systemic JRA | Pauciarticular JRA | Poly articular JRA | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' ie Pauciarticular JRA Uveitis can be seen in both pauciarticular and polyarticular JRA but is much more commonly associated with pauciarticular JRA.It is seen in about 20-25% of cases of pauciarticular and only 5% of polyarticular JRA. | Ophthalmology | Uveal Tract |
bf1a5719-b0a7-49c0-ad18-904ce2cb65d7 | The following X ray is diagnostic of: | Rickets | Scurvy | Hairline fracture of radius and ulna | Osteopetrosis | 0a | single | Ans. A. RicketsVitamin D deficiency results in Rickets. Major sources of vitamin D is its synthesis in the skin following exposure to ultraviolet (UVB) solar irradiation. The dermal concentration of melanin regulates the amount of UV rays that reach the epidermal layers. A lack of adequate mineralization of growing bon... | Pediatrics | Musculo Skeletal Disorders |
e2dd649e-9908-4705-a0f0-34d5e242dc28 | Which of the following enzyme dysfunction leads to lactic acidosis in thiamine deficiency? | Pyruvate carboxylase | Phosphofructokinase | Phosphoenol pyruvate carboxykinase | Pyruvate dehydrogenase | 3d | single | Ans. d. Pyruvate dehydrogenase (Ref: Harper 28/e p321,473)In thiamine deficiency, pyruvate cannot be converted to acetyl Co-A a.s thiamine pyrophosphate is a coenzyme for pyruvate dehydrogenase, which catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl Co-A. Hence, excess of pyruvate is metabolized to lactate by lactate deh... | Biochemistry | Vitamins |
a6eec4d9-21da-4301-b8eb-3dc9fe759a93 | Superior cerebellar peduncle carries the following fibres | Reticulocerebellar | Olivocerebellar | Cuneocerebellar | Dentate rubro thalamic tract | 3d | single | In the human brain, the superior cerebellar peduncle (brachium conjunctivum) is a paired structure of white matter that connects the cerebellum to the midbrain. It consists mainly of efferent fibers, the cerebellothalamic tract that runs from a cerebellar hemisphere to the contralateral thalamus, and the cerebellorubra... | Physiology | Nervous system |
1bbdfe1f-f948-4b00-a231-6584c89009d8 | Which of the following laser is used for pulpotomy? | CO2 laser | Nd:YAG | Er:YAG | Diode | 1b | single | Laser Pulpotomy
In an effort to find a more biologically acceptable and effective alternative to formocresol, other agents and techniques have been examined. Non pharmacologic hemostatic techniques for the pulpotomy procedure, such as electrosurgery and laser therapy have been suggested. Jeng-fen Liu et al in 1999, stu... | Dental | null |
486db108-7884-460b-8087-6969841c0b34 | A most common complication of sliding hernia is - | Esophagitis due to continuous reflux | Pneumonia | Hemorrhage | Perforation | 0a | single | There are 4 types of a hiatal hernia Type I: Sliding hernia (most common type ~ 70 - 80%) Type II: Paraesophageal or rolling hernia Type III: Mixed Type IV: These hernias are distinguished by the presence of other abdominal viscera within the defect i.e. momentum, transverse colon. Type I or Sliding hiatal hernia This ... | Anatomy | G.I.T |
5d25ed67-39d5-4617-9eb2-4fe469b64115 | This specimen was resected from a child with intestinal obstruction. What is the most likely diagnosis? | Ascariasis | Kala-azar | Meckel's diverticulum | Strongyloidiasis | 0a | single | Answer A. AscariasisA mass of Ascaris lumbricoides in the terminal ileum was found to be causing intestinal obstruction in this child from Kenya. The child recovered uneventfully after surgery. In the absence of obstruction, peritonitis, or bowel strangulation, nonsurgical management can include albendazole, ivermectin... | Medicine | G.I.T. |
76e01301-9ecb-416b-bbec-d7e56132c378 | A young lady presents to your office with compalin of copious vagina discharge, but there is strawberry vagina and no cervical discharge on per speculum examination. which of the following should be given for the management? | Metronidazole | Metronidazole and azithromycin | Metronidazole and doxycycline | Fluconazole only | 0a | single | Metronidazole 200mg 3 doses /day for 7days. SHAW'S TEXTBOOK OF GYNECOLOGY.Pg no:146,15th edition | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Infections of the genital tract |
0671dd3a-a71e-40e4-841d-7d1d383c3936 | Mammography is performed in | First half of the menstrual cycle | Second half of the menstrual cycle | 3rd day | 5th day | 0a | single | Mammography is preferred in first of the menstrual cycle.
Usually two views are taken craniocaudal and mediolateral oblique. | Surgery | null |
66e0790e-96aa-4690-beb4-d5f4fed9a02a | Cerebellar connection to other parts of the brain is projected through which cell | Golgi cells | Basket cells | Purkinje cells | Oligodendrocytes | 2c | single | Ans. (c) Purkinje cells(Ref: Ganong, 25th ed/p.249)Purkinje cells#Only output cell of cerebellum#Biggest neurons of CNS#Inhibitory - Use GABA as neurotransmitter | Physiology | Nervous System |
7a8e50ea-20c0-428b-a647-c6e7a88a52e7 | There is spontaneous rupture of the Achilles tendon in an 18 year old male. It is most likely to be due to excess stress beyond - | Tendon strength | Bone strength | Muscle strength | Musculotendinous junction strength | 0a | single | ACHILLES TENDON RUPTURE: A ripping or popping sensation is felt, and often heard, at the back of the heel. This most commonly occurs in spos requiring an explosive push-off: squash, badminton, football, tennis, netball. The patient will often repo having looked round to see who had hit them over the back of the heel, t... | Orthopaedics | Miscellaneous |
33680ea3-80aa-489b-8303-8c1f24847266 | β - blocker toxicity is treated by | Atropine | Insulin | Fomepizole | Glucagon | 3d | single | Glucagon is used to treat Overdose of β - blockers
Fomepizole is used to Ethylene Glycol poisoning. | Pharmacology | null |
1733b848-7e85-4ec8-8d63-122f40683e27 | Area of tongue (Arrow) shown in the illustration is the zone for what taste: | Sweet | Salt | Sour | Bitter | 1b | single | Ans. B. SaltThe area of distribution of taste sensation is as shown in the following illustration: | Physiology | Nervous System |
26768da9-b8d6-4936-a4d2-d05b467186e9 | Autosplenectomy is seen in | Sickel cell disease | ss - thalasemia | CML | All of the above | 0a | multi | In sickle cell disease spleen may undergo autoinfarction and is not often palpable beyond 6 years of age. The most frequent cause of autosplenectomy is sickle cell anemia which causes progressive splenic hypofunction over time. Increased deoxygenation causes sickling of red blood cells, which adhere to the spleen wall ... | Pediatrics | Hematology |
126f606d-be1d-4aa5-811f-1aecd9ac1304 | A lady presented with recurrent attacks of giddiness and abdominal pain since three months. Endoscopy was normal. Her fasting blood glucose was 40 mg % and insulin levels were elevated. CT abdomen showed a well defined 8 mm enhancing lesion in the head of pancreas, with no other abnormal findings. What should be the tr... | Whipple's operation | Enucleation | Enucleation with radiotherapy | Administration of streptozotocin | 1b | single | Based on the clinical scenario, the patient is diagnosed to have insulinoma. Surgically solitary insulinomas is best managed by simple Enucleation. Enucleation means removing the tumor along with the pseudocapsule not just the resection. Whipples's procedure (pancreaticoduodenectomy) is a major surgical operation invol... | Surgery | null |
4708f2f0-fc76-4f9f-a1af-63a3eb356790 | Most common fibroid associated with malignancy is : | Submucus | Intramural | Ovarian | Subserous | 1b | single | Ans. is b i.e. Intramural Well friends, we will have to rely on logic and the little text available in Shaw Gynae for this answer. I have searched in all books including Novak's Gynecology and Devita - Tumours but without any success. Only Shaw's throws some light on this issue. "Intramural and submucous tumours have a... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
a163de88-bf02-4297-a957-d052f40669a5 | Subarachnoid block as anaesthesia is contraindicated in – | Diabetic gangrene | Burgers disease | Atherosclerotic gangrene | Hemophilia | 3d | single | Coagulopathy or bleeding disorders are absolute contraindications. | Anaesthesia | null |
f0240fcb-4a39-4141-9328-d562e41acc6c | A child&;s growth variation is normal but bone development is not according to the chronological age. What is diagnosis? | Genetic | Dwarfism | Constitutional delay | Familial sho stature | 2c | single | In constitutional delay, the bone age corresponds to the child&;s height age but is lower than chronological age by 2-4 yrs . Skeletal age is usually assessed by radiographic study of left hand and wrist. Ref- OP.Ghai, 9th edition | Pediatrics | Growth and development |
741b2b6c-e738-4809-9f1a-f7a607364e3e | "Motor cyclist" fracture among the following | Hinge fracture of base of skull | Ring fracture of base of skull | Depressed fracture of skull | Comminuted fracture of skull | 0a | single | Hinge' fracture (Motorcyclist fracture) occurs when the linear fracture passes across the middle cranial fossa, separating the skull base into 2 halves, and may be caused by a heavy blow to the side of the head (e.g. in motorcycle accidents). Ref - Krishnan Vij 5th edition pg 300 | Forensic Medicine | Mechanical injuries |
31beb86b-e65e-435d-b6d8-1bb6bf5d9f6c | A couple presents with infeility. On investigating, the husband is found to have azoosermia on semen analysis. Vas was not palpable on perrectal examination. Semen had low volume, high viscosity and fructose was present. What will you do next ? | CFTR gene mutation analysis | Karyotype | PSA | Trans rectal ultrasound | 0a | single | Next line of management is CFTR gene mutation analysis MALE FACTOR INFEILITY For couples of unknown feility status, approximately 15% are unable to achieve a pregnancy within 1 year. The inability to conceive may be due to female factor infeility, male factor infeility or a combination of these two factors and approxim... | Surgery | Urology |
7bfa2a4f-ae18-420e-9f36-bc208efb0828 | Fine reticular pigmentation with palmar pits are seen in : | Dowling-Degos disease | Rothmund Thomson syndrome | Cockyane syndrome | Bloom's syndrome | 0a | single | A i.e. Dowling-Degos disease Dowling-Degos disease presents as asymptomatic post-pubeal, symmetrical, progressive, reticular pigmentation involving flexural-areas (flexor folds) with scattered comedo like lesions (dark dot follicles) and pitted aceniform scars near angles of mouthQ. Reticular acropimentation of kitamur... | Skin | null |
d2ca8e9b-e578-4588-a5fc-c40ac870f5a3 | The thickness of prismless enamel in deciduous teeth is: | 25 μm | 50 μm | 75 μm | 100 μm | 0a | single | A relatively structureless or prismless layer of enamel, approximately 30μm thick is present in 70% of permanent teeth and all deciduous teeth. | Dental | null |
2439851a-44e3-4bbc-b848-5d50d2f25108 | Sodalime circuit is not used in anaesthesia with: | Enflurane | Isoflurane | Trichloroethylene | Methoxyflurane | 2c | single | Trichloroethylene | Anaesthesia | null |
0b38d904-a51b-408c-ba3d-5dbc09cef37b | Histamine causes all except - | Aeriolar dilatation | Increased permeability of venules | Constriction of large aeries | Platelet aggregation | 3d | multi | Histamine causes aeriolar dilation rapidly increases vascular permeability by inducing venular endothelial contraction formation of inter-endothelial gaps endothelial activation ref robbins pathology 9thed page 45 | Pathology | General pathology |
810e2ab1-356e-46c9-855e-9c7e190b05ee | A 15 years old female presents with primary ammenorrhea. Her breasts are normally developed but she has no axillary or public hair. The most likely diagnosis is : | Turner's syndrome | Mullerian agenesis | Testicular feminization syndrome | Premature ovarian failure | 2c | multi | Testicular feminizing syndrome Genotype is 46XY, Phenotype is female The gonads are testes often present in the inguinal canal. Gonads produce testosterone and Mullerian inhibiting substance, but because of androgen insensitivity at target organs, patients have Lack of axillary and pubic hair and normally developed bre... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Sexuality and intersexuality |
6573becd-cd24-4512-bed6-c569fbd7f242 | An infant presents with mild anemia, jaundice, and splenomegaly. A complete blood count with differential reveals spherocytosis; the reticulocyte count is elevated. The parents state that several relatives have also suffered from a similar illness.The infant's condition is most likely caused by defective? | Clathrin | Connexon | Dynein | Spectrin | 3d | single | The infant is suffering from hereditary spherocytosis, a disease that can result from defective erythrocyte cytoskeletal proteins such as spectrin or ankyrin. Spectrin is a cytoskeletal protein in the erythrocyte that binds to the ankyrin/band 3 protein complex. It also binds to a protein 4.1/actin complex to form a st... | Pathology | null |
86d1341d-3bb2-4d21-968f-42315c6d25e9 | Which of the following is the best indication for transfer of material blood components to an infant: | Plasma to prevent ITP | RBCs to prevent TA-GVH | Plasma to prevent NAIT (Neonatal Alloimmune Idiopathic Thrombocytopenia) | Platelets to prevent NAIT | 3d | multi | In all cases at risk for NAIT, maternal platelets should be available for transfusion after delivery, regardless of the antenatal treatment or previously obtained fetal platelet counts -- Danforth | Surgery | null |
c42c7bd8-ac07-47a4-8bee-588c86e5ce09 | Anterior draw er test is for - | ACL | PCL | Medial meniscus | Lateralmeniscus | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., ACLSigns and Testso Adson's test: for thoracic outlet syndromeo Allen's test: for testing patency of radial and ulnar arterieso Alli's test: for CDHo Anvil test: for testing tenderness of the spineo Ape thumb: for median nerve injuryo Apley's grinding test :for meniscus injuryo Apprehension test: for ... | Orthopaedics | Knee Ligament Injuries |
fee5b3ba-9d36-4c33-8f9a-01e0325da3da | Left lobe is responsible for | Appreciation of Music | Spatial orientation | Visual Stimuli Processing | Written and Spoken Language | 3d | single | D i.e. Written and Spoken Language | Physiology | null |
f7bdb0af-13f6-4a4f-a6b4-ac05df99bc5d | A 20-year-old male patient collapses and dies suddenly while jogging. Autopsy reveals significant left ventricular hyperophy predominantly affecting the septum. There are no valvular abnormalities. The patient's family history is significant for an uncle who died suddenly at an age of 20 years. The gross examination of... | <img style="max-width: 100%" src=" /> | <img style="max-width: 100%" src=" /> | <img style="max-width: 100%" src=" /> | <img style="max-width: 100%" src=" /> | 3d | single | Sudden death in a previously asymptomatic, young, exercising individual with significant family history should raise strong suspicions of hyperophic cardiomyopathy. The autopsy finding of asymmetric septal hyperophy confirms the diagnosis. Hyperophic cardiomyopathy is due to autosomal dominant mutation involving the ge... | Unknown | Integrated QBank |
2860ee38-3116-4565-b35f-7f0b9b9d9921 | In metabolism of xenobiotics all of the following reactions occur in phase one except? | Oxidation | Reduction | Conjugation | Hydrolysis | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e., ConjugationDrugs are not intrinsic cellular constituents. They are xenobiotics.They are eliminated from the body mainly through kidney.Drug metabolism means necessary changes in the drug molecule which are essential for easy excretion from the body.Drug metabolism usually converts lipophilic chemical ... | Pharmacology | Pharmacokinetics |
00a6cb28-5ef1-4aaf-b059-35764b2e9d16 | What type of protein is Casein? | Lipoprotein | Phosphoprotein | Glycoprotein | Flavoprotein | 1b | single | Ans. B. PhosphoproteinTwo important Phosphoproteins areCasein found in milkOvovitellin found in egg yolk | Biochemistry | Proteins and Amino Acids |
56fea2b5-f6b5-44cb-a127-5d3138a204a2 | Which of the following result from accumulation of homogentisic acid? | Ochronosis | Tyrosinemia | Albinism | Tyrosinosis | 0a | single | Ochronosis is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by a deficiency of homogentisic acid oxidase leading to the accumulation of homogentisic acid in connective tissue. Accumulation of homogentisic acid in the cailage, tendons and sclera leads to a darker brown to black discolouration called ochronosis. Albinism is... | Biochemistry | null |
234b5063-c226-4856-991a-4fb137cc6e21 | A hospital nurse is taking Imipramine for a phobic anxiety disorder, and her patient is being treated with chlorpromazine for a psychotic disorder. Which of the following adverse effect is likely to occur in both of them? | Excessive salivation | Pupillary constriction | Ohostatic hypotension | Seizure | 2c | multi | Imipramine belongs to Tricyclic antidepressants which have these side effects, such as ohostatic hypotension, drowsiness, cardiac conduction delay, memory impairment, constipation, and urinary retention.Chlorpromazine belongs to Dopamine receptor antagonists, which is more sedating and anticholinergic and more likely t... | Pharmacology | Central Nervous system |
32e76868-b5b7-48d9-b875-31ee2ba9a100 | Mid day meal programme comes under - | Ministry of Social Welfare | Ministry of education | Ministry of Human Resources Developments | None | 1b | multi | <p> Mid day meal programme:- Also known as School lunch programme. It comes under Ministry of education. Operated since 1961 throughout the country. Major objective is to attract more children for admission to schools and retain them so that literacy improvement of children could be brought. principles of scheme: 1. Th... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Nutrition and health |
5829a6c0-e580-4c0d-b5bf-0894228f12b3 | In which of the following organ 'Peg Cells' are characteristically seen? | Vagina | Vulva | Ovary | Tubes | 3d | multi | The mucosa of uterine tubes or fallopian tubes is composed of a simple columnar epithelium on a lamina propria of loose connective tissue. The epithelium contains two interspersed, functionally impoant cell types: ciliated cells and darker staining secretory cells, or peg cells, whose apical ends typically bulge into t... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
09af90d1-86d9-4fa6-a0ea-6e761a98e827 | Minimum number of mycobacteria required to be detected by AFB staining is (per ml): | 15-20 | 150-200 | 10,000 | I Lac | 2c | single | A presumptive diagnosis is commonly based on the finding of AFB on microscopic examination of a diagnostic specimen. At least 10,000 acid fast bacilli should be present per ml of sputum to be readily demonstrable in direct smears. A negative repo should not be considered till at least 300 fields have been examined, tak... | Microbiology | null |
0f75a55d-857f-4c93-9177-812e41b1c541 | In all of the following increased cardiac silhouette sign is seen except: | Tetralogy of Fallot's | Pericardial effusion | Aoic regurgitation | Ebstein anomaly | 0a | multi | A i.e. Tetralogy of Fallot's | Radiology | null |
08fb9b32-9b41-4937-a57e-82a4ba998470 | Antidote for oxalic acid poisoning - | BAL | Animal charcoal | Calcium gluconate | Magnesium | 2c | single | Antidote : Any calcium preparation (e.g. calcium gluconate/chloride, lime water, suspension of chalk), which converts poison into insoluble calcium oxalate is an antidote for oxalate poisoning. | Forensic Medicine | null |
63550274-2ba3-4236-9edc-a3bdfeb4c0ba | R-RNA is mainly produced in - | Nucleus | Nucleolus | Ribosome | Endoplasmic reticulum | 1b | single | B i.e., NucleolusThe sigma (a) subunit (factor) enables RNA polymerase to recognize promoter regions on DNAQ.Like DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase uses nucleoside triphosphate as substrates & releases pyrophosphate each time a nucleoside monophosphate is added to growing chain. And as with replcation, transcription is al... | Biochemistry | null |
58aa3c2c-a4a7-49f4-bb99-ab8b246710fc | Type of schizophrenia with mental retardation | Von-Gosh syndrome | Paranoid schizophrenia | Catatonic schizophrenia | Pfropf schizophrenia | 3d | single | Pfropf schizophrenia occurring in the presence of mental retardation .it differs from schizophrenia in only that there is often a povey of ideation and delusions are not usually very well systematised.therefore behavioural disturbances are more prominent than delusions and hallucinations Ref: A sho textbook of Psychiat... | Psychiatry | Schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders |
84a8ae9c-3c71-4001-849b-4cc7514597e2 | Supracristal plane is above ? | Highest point of iliac crest | Anterior superior iliac spine | Posterior superior iliac spine | Ischeal tuberosity | 0a | multi | Ans.a. Highest point of iliac crestSupracristal plane is an anatomical transverse plane lying at the upper most pa of the pelvis, the iliac crest.This is usually at the level of the L4 veebrae.It passes through the umbilical region and the left and right lumbar regions. | Anatomy | null |
1073d500-42a7-4871-8949-dda32fa8a858 | A 30 year old male was found to have excessive urinary glucose levels. However, his blood glucose levels were normal. Further investigations revealed high levels of only L-xylulose in urine. A genetic defect in which of the following pathway is most likely? | TCA cycle | Uronic acid pathway | Glycolysis | HMP shunt | 1b | single | Essential Pentosuria defect in Uronic Acid Pathway:
Pentosuria is a condition where the sugar xylitol, a pentose, presents in the urine in unusually high concentrations.
It was characterized as an inborn error of carbohydrate metabolism in 1908. It is associated with a deficiency of L-xylulose reductase, necessary for... | Biochemistry | null |
691fe4fd-5fc7-412b-860f-ad410bb8068b | An 8 year old male had non blanching rashes over the shin and swelling of knee joint with haematuria +++ and protein +. Microscopic analysis of his renal biopsy specimen is most likely to show. | Tubular necrosis | Visceral podocyte fusion | Mesangial deposits of IgA | Basement membrane thickening | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e. Mesangial deposits of IgA Purpura in Henoch Schonlein purpura is due to vasculitis and not thrombocytopenia Platelet count is either normal or elevated.H.S. purpura is characterized by tetrad ofPurpura Q,Arthritic,GlomerulonephritisQ andAbdominal painQ.Skin7%e hallmark of this disease is rash beginning... | Pediatrics | Nephropathy |
086676a5-cb90-4646-9062-ebc7462584d4 | Which muscle has dual function related to complete denture? | Buccinator | Superior constrictor | Masseter | Temporalis | 2c | single | The masseteric notch in the distobuccal area of the denture base accommodates the mesial border of the masseter muscle. The masseter influences the denture base at this point during both opening and closing movements of the mandible. Overextension will result both in tissue soreness and in movement of the denture base... | Dental | null |
a758633d-31ef-4d24-8f46-205c1ec490af | Detoxication of drugs is controlled by | Cytochrome | Cytochrome p450 | Cytochrome | Cytochrome A | 1b | single | Cytochrome p450 enzymes are microsomal enzymes that are involved in phase I metabolism of many drugs,
Most of the drugs are metabolized by CYP 3 A4 isoform. Drug metabolizing enzymes The drug-metabolizing enzymes are divided into two types :
1. Microsomal These are located on smooth endoplasmic reticulum primarily in t... | Pharmacology | null |
c244d17e-f61b-4471-95af-3ad73d27a520 | An alcoholic with poor judgment and decreased skilled motor movements. Blood alcohol level would be - | 60-80 mg % | 80-200 mg% | 200-300 mg% | >400 mg% | 1b | single | below 10mg% sober 10 to 70mg% drinking 80-150mg% under the influence 150-300mg% drunk/intoxicated 300-400mg% stupor 400 abovemg% coma and death REF;THE SYNOPSIS OF FORENSIC MEDICINE:KS NARAYANA REDDY;28th EDITION;PAGE NO 331 | Forensic Medicine | Poisoning |
d8341c09-02e9-44d3-895e-db7bf9e014cb | Bleeding time is abnormal in: | Haemophilia | Christmas disease | Von-Willebrand disease | Vitamin K-deficiency | 2c | single | (Von Wille brand's disease): Ref: 649-R, 428-HM BLEEDING TIME: - This test is dependent upon capillary function as well as on platelet number and ability of platelets to adhere to form aggregates (Normal range - 3-8 minutes) Prolong bleeding time may be due to: 1. Thrombocytopenia 2. Disorder of platelet function 3. Vo... | Pathology | Blood |
8f19dfad-81d4-405a-8c5c-5c2b0301b67f | In Duchennes muscular dystrophy, calf muscle is: September 2009 | Hyperophied | Atrophied | Pseudoatrophied | Pseudohyperophied | 3d | single | Ans. D: Pseudohyperophied Duchenne muscular dystrophy is by far the most common childhood-onset muscular dystrophy, afflicting 1 in 3300 boys with an overall prevalence of 63 cases per million. One third of these cases are due to spontaneous mutations, while the rest are inherited in an X-linked dominant manner. Duchen... | Surgery | null |
b3734353-6b8b-4df1-9c13-94e84da86b3d | High T3, high T4, low TSH and low radioiodine uptake is seen in | Hashimoto's thyroiditis | Grave's disease | Subacute thyroiditis | Toxic nodule | 2c | single | Ans) c ( Subacute thyroiditis) Ref Bailey 25th ed pg 800Subacute thyroiditisAlso called Granulomatous or Dequervines thyroiditisCaused by viral infections. Presents with pain in the neck, fever, malaise, firm irregular enlargement of one or both thyroid lobes.ESR raised, absent thyroid auto antibodies, serum T4 high.Io... | Surgery | Thyroid Gland |
9e95a4b0-841a-44c3-90ec-6a918b91e10e | Hypokalemia is associated frequently with | Metabolic acidosis | Metabolic alkalosis | Respiratory acidosis | Respiratory alkalosis | 1b | single | Insulin, b2-adrenergic activity, thyroid hormone, and alkalosis promote Na+/K+-ATPase-mediated cellular uptake of K+, leading to hypokalemia. Causes of Hypokalemia I. Decreased intake A. Starvation B. Clay ingestion II. Redistribution into cells A. Acid-base 1. Metabolic alkalosis B. Hormonal 1. Insulin 2. Increased b2... | Medicine | Fluid and electrolytes |
ca1da0e7-c20a-4143-9cc4-46c986b44df2 | Aery forming anastomosis around surgical neck humerus | 1st pa of axillary aery | 2nd pa of axillary aery | 3rd pa of axillary aery | Subclan aery | 2c | single | Anterior Circumflex humeral aery and posterior Circumflex humeral aery are branches from 3rd pa of axillary aery . These two anastomose around the surgical neck of humerus . Posterior Circumflex humeral aery runs along with axillary nerve and passes through the quadrangular intermuscular space . B D Chaurasia 7th editi... | Anatomy | Upper limb |
1eb89547-a6ad-466c-ad26-2f1c0e96577b | The compression fracture is commonest in which pa of veebrae ? | Cervical spine | Upper thoracic spine | Lower thoracic spine | Lumbosacral region | 2c | single | *Lower cervical and lower thorasic (dorsal) spine are the most common sites for veical compression. "In axial load injuries, the most common site of trauma is at the thoracolumbar junction". ref : maheswari 9th ed | Anatomy | Spinal injuries |
507e291c-aa23-4aea-91f2-034a3ba6e538 | Ipratropium bromide acts on which receptors and its use is? | M2 bronchial asthma | M1 Peptic ulcer | M3 COPD | Nm Asthma | 2c | single | Ipra and tiotropium bromide are m3 receptor blockers more selective for bronchial muscle causing bronchial dilatation, so used in bronchial asthma and COPD M3 receptors are present on bronchial smooth muscle Ref: KDT 6th ed pg 113 | Pharmacology | Autonomic nervous system |
a9e47b0e-c2b0-42ed-a326-ef524aef5e9e | Ustekinumab is used in | Lichen planus | Psoriasis | Darier disease | Pemphigus | 1b | single | Ustekinumab acts by blocking interleukin IL-12 and IL-23 which help to activate T-cells. Used to treat psoriasis, was also approved to treat Crohn's disease. Other biologics approved in psoriasis are anti-TNF alpha agents Etanercept, Adalimumab, Infliximab, Golimumab Ref: Harrison 19e pg: 348 | Dental | Papulosquamous disorders |
beb4755e-c9ff-4ab0-aa66-d0d1f94fb248 | All of the following are mediators of acute inflammation except | Tumor necrosis factor _alfa | IL1 | Myeloperoxidase | Prostaglandins | 2c | multi | ref Robbins 9/e p83 Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a heme-containing enzyme that, in the presence of peroxide and halide ions, is effective in killing various microorganisms; in addition, it exes a wide variety of extracellular functions. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) are the main source of this enzyme. | Anatomy | General anatomy |
08677e57-f44c-4318-9112-7a110d77d769 | All are true about chaperones except ? | Cause folding of proteins | Are lipid in nature | May have ATPase activity | Include heat shock proteins | 1b | multi | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Are lipid in nature Chaperones are proteins (not lipid). Chaperones Ceain proteins play a role in the assembly or proper folding of other proteins without themselves being components of the latter. Such proteins are called molecular chaperones. Most chaperones exhibit ATPase activity and bind ADP and ... | Biochemistry | null |
35c8a5f7-a56d-42fd-9e80-81c37f71a8ec | True about Crescent fracture is - | Anteroposterior instability with rotational stability | Diastasis of pubis with pubic rami fracture | Antero-posterior compression is the mechanism of injury | Fracture of the iliac bone with sacroiliac disruption | 3d | multi | Crescent fracture is lateral compression type II pelvic fracture (for details, read young and Burgess classification from the text of this chapter). | Orthopaedics | null |
44e093c1-3d31-4c06-8df5-b538a20d1c56 | Systemic acyclovir in herpes zoster is useful: | When staed immediately after the onset of rash | For post-herpetic neuralgia | For ocular lesions only | All of the above | 0a | multi | Ans. When staed immediately after the onset of rash | Ophthalmology | null |
9db8d8ea-da95-4c24-9f66-c700fd3bfc6f | Which of the following conditions is associated with hypocalcemia? | a) Medullary Ca thyroid | b) Squamous Ca lung | c) Tumor lysis syndrome | Both 'a' and 'c' | 3d | multi | Medullary carcinoma of the thyroid (MTC) originates in the parafollicular C cells of the thyroid gland. These C cells produce calcitonin. It acts to reduce blood calcium (Ca2+), opposing the effects of parathyroid hormone (PTH). Tumor lysis syndrome refers to the constellation of metabolic disturbances that may be seen... | Medicine | null |
4cd2d57d-c8f3-448c-a2e8-f4bcd1678a87 | Sirolimus is more likely than cyclosporine to cause : | Hypertension | Osteoporosis | Renal insufficiency | Thrombocytopenia | 3d | single | Cyclosporine and tacrolimus cause nephrotoxicity as an adverse effect.
Sirolimus (rapamycin) results in bone marrow suppression and thus may cause anemia, thrombocytopenia and leukopenia. | Pharmacology | null |
8b1504a5-2a48-4667-988c-2eab0627a4da | Which of the following are Enantiomers - | D-glucose and L-glucose | Glucose and galactose | Glucose and Mannose | d-glucose and 1-glucose | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., D-glucose and L-glucose D and L isomersThis type of isomerism depends on the orientation of H and OH group around the assymetric carbon atom just adjacent to terminal primary alcohol (penultimate carbon atom), e.g., carbon atom number 5 in glucose determines whether the sugar belongs to D or L isomer.... | Biochemistry | null |
704bc8f5-e1b3-49c3-9dc1-6cc845b46198 | Vaccine which should not be given to an elderly man is | Measles vaccine | H. influenzae vaccine | TT vaccine | Pneumococcal vaccine | 1b | single | CDC GUIDELINES FOR IMMUNIZATION OF OLDER PEOPLE
• Influenza intramuscular inactivated vaccine (live intranasal vaccine is contraindicated)
• Pneumococcal vaccine once
• Tetanus-diphtheria toxoid (Td) booster every 10 years
• In selected patients aged 60 years or more
– Herpes zoster (shingles)
– Hepatitis A
– Hepatitis... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
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