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Adult patient presents with generalized lymphadenopathy and blood film shows 70percent immature looking lymphocytes. What should be the next best investigation?
Adult pateint presenting with generalized lymphadenopathy and blood film shows 70percent immature looking lymphocytes is highly suggestive of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Immunophenotyping can be one of the best ways to differentiate between CLL and other B cell neoplasms.( ref Robbins 9/e p593)
2
Genotyping/karyotyping
Immunophenotyping
Bone marrow
Peripheral smear study
Anatomy
Haematology
75c18dda-23b2-436f-89bb-fe908182b670
single
True about maximum isolation period of enteric fever is -
Man is the only known reservoir of infection., viz cases, and carriers. A case is infectious as long as bacilli appear in urine or stools Ref: 25th edition, Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, Page no. 258, 259
2
Up to 3 days after staing the treatment
Till 3 consequent negative stool cultures are obtained from the patient
Till the fever subsides
Till Widal test becomes negative
Social & Preventive Medicine
Epidemiology
d56e3930-61fe-4e43-be76-87c8844f8726
multi
All are precancerous lesions of oral cavity except
Premalignant Lesions - Leukoplakia Erythroplakia Oral submucous fibrosis Melanosis and mucosal hyperpigmentation Ref: Dhingra; Textbook of Ear, Nose and Throat; 7th Edition; Page 253
4
Leukoplakia
Erythroplakia
Diffuse oral submucous fibrosis
Diffuse aphthous ulcers
ENT
Oral cavity & Oesophagus
cb461011-fac6-4a0f-8daa-a3db9320dceb
multi
A known alcoholic is brought to the emergency department by his wife. The person has not consumed alcohol for the past two days due to religious reasons. The person complained of nausea, vomiting and dizziness. On the second day, he developed seizures, that progressed to generalized tonic clonic seizures (GTCs). Which ...
Ans. c. Diazepam (Ref: Niraj Ahuja 6th/39-40; Kaplan Synopsis 10th/396)'Long acting benzodiazepines such as chlordiazepoxide and diazepam or short acting such as lorazepam can be used to treat mild-moderate uncomplicated alcohol withdrawal.''Chlordiazepoxide is preferred over diazepam for treatment of alcohol withdrawa...
3
Sodium valproate
Phenytoin
Diazepam
Clonidine
Psychiatry
Alcohol-Related Disorders
6b173f58-b595-4fe6-b791-1fba2ff46b4b
single
A 45 year-male presents with abrupt onset pain, weakness, loss of contour of shoulder and muscle wasting on 5th day of tetanus toxoid immunization. Likely cause is
BRACHIAL PLEXUS INJURIES It can be: Supraclavicular injury 65% Infraclavicular injury 25% Combined 10% It can also be: Upper plexus injury. Lower plexus injury. It can be: Pre-ganglionic injury Post-ganglionic injury Avulsion injury Usually less severe More dangerous Better recovery Extends into the spinal cord Upper p...
3
Hysterical
Radial nerve entrapment
Brachial plexus neuritis
Thoracic outlet syndrome
Surgery
Trauma
4a316cd4-d9ea-4143-b94b-ebdc083ab777
single
A patient undergoes a lipid profile screening. On withdrawing the blood, it appears white in colour, Which of the following is the most probable elevated lipoprotein?
Answer- A. Chylomicrons White (Lactescent) appearance is caused by chylomicrons.
1
Chylomicrons
HDL
LPL
Cholesterol
Medicine
null
ff1d5603-48a0-4d07-aea2-14a2b048c282
single
Venous malformations involving the leptomeninges of the cerebral cortex is a salient feature of
null
4
Rendu-Osier-Weber disease
Maffuci's syndrome
Angioosteohypertrophy syndrome
Sturge weber syndrome
Pathology
null
8fefc83a-fef8-4c96-86cb-565bd53916f8
single
Earliest sensation to be lost in Hansens disease is –
Temperature is the first sensation that is lost. The next sensation lost is light touch then pain. Deep pressure is lost finally.
4
Pain
Touch
Vibration
Temperature
Dental
null
957208a9-5faa-453a-bea8-8a89def54e48
single
Corneal endothelium is derived from:
SURFACE ECTODERM - LENS- Epithelium of the all structures except ciliary body & iris- Glands NEURAL ECTODERM - Epithelium of ciliary body & iris- Retinal pigment epithelium- Optic nerve- Sphincter and dilator pupillae muscles - Smooth muscles of iris MESODERM - EXTRAOCULAR MUSCLES- Endothelium of all the orbit & stroma...
2
Neuroectoderm
Neural crest cells
Mesoderm
Surface ectoderm
Ophthalmology
Ocular Embryology& Anatomy
db32b977-98a1-4e41-a1c2-0c498e96db86
single
Management of a 6-year-old child with recurrent URTI with mouth breathing and failure to thrive with high arched palate and impaired hearing is:
(d) Adenoidectomy with grommet insertion(Ref. Scott Brown, Vol 2; 288)Recurrent URTI with mouth breathing and failure to thrive in the given 6-year-old child with high arched palate is due to persistently hypertrophied adenoids.The impaired hearing is due to serous otitis media which in turn is because of hypertrophied...
4
Tonsillectomy
Grommet insertion
Myringotomy with grommet insertion
Adenoidectomy with grommet insertion
ENT
Ear
da1d2176-df9b-4da0-913b-a4ace1385d68
single
What is affected in bipolar disorder
Bipolar disorder earlier known as manic-depressive psychosis is characterised by recurrent episodes of mania and depression in the same patient at different times. These episodes can occur in any sequence. (Ref: a sho textbook of psychiatry, NirajAhujaa, 7th edition, pg no.73)
1
Emotions
Perception
Personality
Thought
Psychiatry
Mood disorders
cbd6afda-5de0-4038-985d-14d344469101
single
A patient given one of the following drug develops low grade fever, muscle and joint ache, chest pain and skin rashes. Lab investigations showed presence of antihistone antibodies. Symptoms however subsided after discontinuation of the drug. Which is the drug that caused the reaction?
Hydralazine, procainamide, isoniazid and penicillamine are most commonly associated with drug induced lupus. The list of substances that can induce lupus-like disease is long. Among the most frequent are: Antiarrhythmic, procainamide, disopyramide, and propafenone Antihypeensive: hydralazine; several angiotensin-convei...
1
Hydralazine
Rifampicin
Paracetamol
Furosemide
Pharmacology
null
3dc061f0-c53f-473e-a907-313273226f85
single
Glomus tumor is seen in
GLOMUS TUMOUR, also called as glomangioma, arises from the cutaneous glomus composed of a touous aeriole which communicates directly into the venule (Sucquet-Hoyer canal) and these vessels being surrounded by network of small nerves making this lesion very painful. It consists of a mixture of blood spaces, nonmedullate...
4
Liver
Adrenals
Pitutary
Finger
Surgery
Urology
1d1be44f-2679-4514-9a8e-a53afe90f5f9
single
In endodontics, a long cone open-ended cylinder is used as an adjunct with paralleling technique in order to:
Image size distortion (magnification) is the increase in size of the image on the radiograph compared with the actual size of the object. The divergent paths of photons in an X-ray beam cause enlargement of the image on a radiograph. Image size distortion results from the relative distances of the focal spot-to-image r...
2
Increase the apparent size of the focal spot
To prevent distortion of image
To prevent elongation of the image
To prevent shortening of image
Radiology
null
f016a14a-54ef-4888-bd55-715f272533ab
multi
Concerning Brachial plexus, which of the following facts are true:
A, B, C i.e. Formed by spinal nerve C5 - T1, Most common site of injury is upper trunk , Injury may occur during breech delivery, & Lower trunk injury results in hand deformity
4
Formed by spinal nerve C5 - T1
Most common site of injury is upper trunk
It is surrounded by fascia derived from preveebral fascia
All
Anatomy
null
037650f4-1052-48c2-b5e0-757841d50afe
multi
The presence of which of the following features in an atherosclerotic plaque indicates that it has become a complicated lesion?
Complicated lesions indicate advanced atherosclerotic disease. They arise in atherosclerotic plaques, and render them more susceptible to sudden occlusion and acute infarction of the supplied tissues. Commonly, the plaque ulcerates or ruptures, and the exposed surfaces, being highly thrombogenic, precipitate thrombus f...
4
Cholesterol crystals
Chronic inflammatory cells
Intimal smooth muscle
Lines of Zahn
Pathology
null
efecdf9a-2007-494f-9ad0-1a452eeae06d
single
Muscles that are best suited for brief high-intensity exercise would contain which of the following types of fibres?
null
4
Glycolytic (white)
Slow-twitch oxidative (red)
A mix of slow twitch (red) and fast twicth (red)
A mix of glycolytic (white) and fast twitch (red)
Physiology
null
8d4ac0b7-1329-4296-ae73-dee33b054e44
single
Which is the most common testicular tumor in patients older than 60 years?
Testicular lymphoma is the most common testicular tumor in patients older than 60 years.
4
Seminoma
Leydig cell tumor
Teratoma
Lymphoma
Pathology
null
b18fd6a8-d9f1-4638-abaa-e256c76920d9
single
Pointing finger is due to injury to which nerve?
Complete interruption of the median nerve results in inability to pronate the forearm or flex the hand in a radial direction, paralysis of flexion of the index finger and terminal phalanx of the thumb, weakness of flexion of the remaining fingers, weakness of opposition and abduction of the thumb in the plane at a righ...
1
Median
Radial
Ulnar
Axillary
Surgery
null
cb0c7ff4-2cc8-472e-a56d-8a8815ba7076
single
Autonomous hyperplasia is seen in-
Fibromatosis is a group of fibroblastic proliferation distinguished by their tendency to grow in an infiltrative fashion and in many cases intend to recover after surgical removal. They can be isolated lesions or as a component of Gardner syndrome, an autosomal dominant disorder. Hence we can conclude that fibromatosis...
3
Choristoma
Endometrial hyperplasia
Fibromatosis
Hamaoma
Pathology
miscellaneous
691f500f-f0f6-4dc2-bdf5-877f0cf14c34
single
Fordyce disease most commonly effects
FSs are ectopic sebaceous glands seen commonly on the lips (upper lip > lower lip), buccal, and genital mucosa. Infrequently, they can also be seen on oesophagus, uterine cervix, sole of the foot, and tongue. Histopathologically, a FS consists of a sebaceous lobule or gland located in the dermis. The Dermoscopy of FS o...
1
Lips
Neck
Buccal mucosa
Trunk
Dental
Bacterial infections
264efa9a-dcbb-4555-a593-a4d5f0b23bf8
single
Branching enzyme deficiency is seen in
Type Name Enzyme Deficiency Clinical Features IV Amylopectinosis, Andersen disease Branching enzyme Hepatosplenomegaly Accumulation of polysaccharide with few branch points Death from hea or liver failure before age 5 Reference: Harper; 30th edition; Table: 18-2; Page no: 179
1
Andersen disease
McArdle's syndrome
Cori disease
Von Gierke disease
Biochemistry
Metabolism of carbohydrate
cc367b2d-15dc-4b26-aba8-9aaa6c69c740
single
Alveolar hemorrhage and hemosiderin laden macrophages ?
Ans. is 'b' Goodpasture syndrome Goodpasture syndromeGoodpasture syndrome is a rare condition characterized by rapid destruction of the kidney and diffuse pulmonary hemorrhage.It is an autoimmune disease characterized by presence of circulating autoantibodies targeted against basement membrane of lung and kidney.These ...
2
Sarcoidosis
Goodpasture syndrome
Bronchial pneumonia
Bronchieactasis
Pathology
null
0e4b0296-f7df-4ef3-9d70-03a4482f34da
single
Most sensitive test for assessment of fetal well being is
(Biparietal diameter) (85-Dutta 6th)Real ultrasound measurement of fetal growth* First trimester - Crown - rump length* Second trimester - Biparietal diameter (BPD)* Third trimester - Multiple foetal growth parameters are considered together. These are- Prior to 36 weeks - Combination of biparietal diameter, abdominal ...
1
Biparital diameter
Arm circumference
Abdominal circumference
Head circumference
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Miscellaneous (Gynae)
4ff6db83-2049-4da9-9bb0-56eb6a8db6db
single
A 53 year old male man cpmplains of pain around his cheek and neck. On examination there is pus pouring out from his Stenson's duct. Which gland is involved?
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Parotid gland STENSONDUCTPAROTID GLANDThe exit of the parotid ducts can be felt as small bumps (Papillae) on both sides of the mouth, and are usually positioned next to the maxillary second molars.WHARTONDUCTSUBMANDIBULARGLANDIt then passes between the sublingual gland and the genioglossus and opens b...
1
Parotid gland
Submandibular gland
Sublingual Gland
Lacrimal Gland
ENT
Oral Cavity
d3383de9-1c50-419c-8b93-d02f4e489f53
single
A 2 year old child is brought to the hospital with a compressible swelling at the root of nose, most likely diagnosis is:
Lacrimal sac cyst occurs as a compressible swelling near the medial canthus and not root of nose. Ethmoid cyst (mucocele) presents as a swelling at the medial quadrant of orbit pushing the orbit forwards and laterally. AV malformation is a congenital abnormal connection between aeries and veins, bypassing the capillary...
4
A V malformation
Lacrimal sac cyst
Ethmoid sinus cyst
Meningoencephalocele
ENT
null
37ed1d81-d3c0-4940-95f2-f627c4ec8d7a
single
Wards in an hospital are sterilized by the following method:
Formaldehyde gas is used for sterilizing instruments and heat sensitive catheters and for fumigating wards, sick rooms and laboratories. Under properly controlled conditions, clothing, bedding, furniture, and books can be satisfactorily disinfected. In aqueous solutions, it is markedly bactericidal and sporicidal and a...
2
Ethylene oxide gas
Formaldehyde fumigation
Washing with soap water
Carbolic acid spraying
Microbiology
null
75aa19b1-3db5-4c15-b950-c9a8d9c269ca
single
After dinner, woman develops sudden-onset9 severe, generalized abdominal pain, and accompanied by deterioration in patient's condition. The abdomen exhibits a board-like rigidity and the patient is disinclined to move because of the pain. The classical presentation is due to
(C) Perforated peptic ulcer # Clinical features Perforated peptic ulcer:> The classic presentation is instantly recognizable. The patient, who may have a history of peptic ulceration, develops sudden- onset, severe, generalized abdominal pain as a result of the irritant effect of gastric acid on the peritoneum.> Althou...
3
Acute cholecystitis
Acute appendicitis
Perforated peptic ulcer
Acute pancreatitis
Surgery
Miscellaneous
0d3f983f-97ad-4fdf-b2bc-0c831a04f7c0
single
Which of the following anti-tubercular drug is contraindicated in pregnancy?
Streptomycin is a bactericidal antibiotic, the first of a class of drugs called aminoglycosides to be discovered, and was the first antibiotic remedy for tuberculosis. It is derived from the actinobacterium Streptomyces griseus. Streptomycin cannot be given orally, but must be administered by regular intramuscular inje...
4
Ethambutol
Isoniazid
Rifampicin
Streptomycin
Pharmacology
null
303f3432-bede-4ba9-b14b-e2b733a882d4
single
A 22-year-old man has features of arm span greater than height, subluxed lenses, flattened corneas, and dilation of the aortic ring. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
The severe form of Marfan syndrome is caused by a mutation in a single allele of the fibrillin gene (FBN1). The gene product is a major component of elastin-associated microfibrils. Long, thin extremities; ectopia lentis; and aortic aneurysms are the classical triad. Milder forms of the disease probably also occur but ...
2
Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
Marfan syndrome
Werner's syndrome
Laurence-Moon-Biedl syndrome
Medicine
Endocrinology
2a819607-91b6-4dfe-9baf-27d0de8db530
single
A person working in an abattoir presented with malignant pustule on hand; What is the causative agent?
Bacillus Anthrax causes malignant pustule which later becomes vesicule containing fluid, this is also known as cutaneous Anthrax or Hide poer's disease since it is common in dockworkers containing load of hides and skin on their back surface.
3
Clostridium botulinum
ostridium perfringens
Bacillus anthracis
Streptococcus pyogenes
Microbiology
NEET 2019
81f63760-def3-49aa-9e16-a853eeb7a8cf
single
De - quern's tenovaginitis involves ?
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Both of the above De-Quern's tenovaginitis is characterized by pain over the styloid process of the radius and palpable thickening in the course of the abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis tendons. The fibrous sheaths of the abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis tendon...
3
Abductor pollicislongus
Extensor pollicisbrevis
Both of the above
None of the above
Surgery
null
bf5cf1ea-96ee-4ac9-ab02-ea24e08fe69f
multi
Earliest feature of Tuberous sclerosis is:
Ash leaf spot
3
Angiofibroma
Shagreen patch
Ash leaf spot
Neurofibroma
Skin
null
5840730e-a5af-4b5b-9121-661f2c534851
single
Lower limit of left crus of diaphragm is at which veebral level:
Veebral levels5th rib, 5th intercostal space, T9 veebra: Right and left dome of diaphragm at max expirationC3 veebra: Hyoid boneC6 veebra: Inferior border of cricoid cailage, division of larynx and tracheaC6 veebra: Inferior cricoid cailage, division of larynx and tracheaC6-T1 veebra: Thyroid glandC7 veebra: Veebra pro...
3
8th dorsal
10th dorsal
2nd lumbar
3rd lumbar
Anatomy
null
c8eac899-6579-4ee0-9d95-7f2426bbbeea
single
Wimberger sign is seen in
Radiological features of scurvy: Palkan spur : metaphyseal spurs projecting at right angles to the shaft. White line of Frankel : calcified cailage in the metaphysis Trumefeld zone : zone of rarefraction below the white line of Frankel Wimburger sign : ring surrounding the ephiphyseal centres of ossification Pencil thi...
2
Lead poisoning
Scurvy
Osteomalacia
Bone infarct
Radiology
Skeletal system
f2a63e55-1cb0-4587-9e63-24e9f3e85319
single
1st evidence of calcification of Mandibular canine is seen in
null
1
4-5 months
6-8 months
7-9 months
2-3 months
Dental
null
952b5e9a-fe99-4022-96a4-1104b734abce
single
Slap cheek appearance is seen in
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Erythema infectiosum
1
Erythema infectiosum
Exanthem subitum
Roseola infantun
None of above
Pediatrics
null
21d0d2f5-99a5-46d0-b907-09745def13bd
multi
Most common cause of pyelonephritis in pregnancy is -
Ans. is 'a' i.e., E. coli Pyelonephritis in pregnancyo There is increased chance of urinary tract infection in females as compared to males.o The overall incidence of pyelonephritis in pregnancy is between 1% and 3%.o It is more common in primigravidae than multiparae. Previous history of urinary tract infection increa...
1
E.coli
Staphylococcus aureus
Gardnella vaginalis
B. fragilis
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Renal and Urinary Tract Disorders
5caccbeb-b27c-42db-8f2e-3dd02fc09016
single
Least energy producing cycle
Ans. is 'c' i.e.,HMP shunt HMP shunt does not produce energy.HMP shunt is paicularly impoant for two purposes :-Synthesis of ribose for nucleotide and nucleic acid formation.Formation of NADPH which plays impoant role in several other biological processes, e.g. synthesis of fatty acids, cholesterol, steroid hormones an...
3
Glycolysis
Kreb's cycle
HMP shunt
Fatty acid oxidation
Biochemistry
null
11ae1018-e1f9-44ea-8f50-17d74c044078
single
Aschoff bodies are seen in
Aschoff bodies are pathognomonic of Rheumatic heart disease.
3
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy
Kawasaki disease
Rheumatic heart disease
Infective endocarditis
Pathology
null
9ba91ccf-cca2-4c94-9aa2-2b95d98c8655
single
The coupling agent used in composite resin
null
3
Colloidal silica
Urethane dimethacrylate
Organo silanes
Diketones
Dental
null
61619b7e-503a-4bd4-bce4-74a7cc179d2a
single
All of the following causes death in coarctation of Aoa except:
Answer is D (Anterior MI)Myocardial Infarction has not been listed as a hazard /cause of death in coarctation of AoaCauses of death in coarctation of Aoa (CSDT / CMDT)Congestive Hea FailureEndo carditisAoic RuptureIntracranialHemorrhage HypeensionAoic dissectionDeath is most frequently caused by complication of Hypeens...
4
Infective endocarditis
CCF
Intra cranial hemorrhage
Anterior MI
Medicine
null
e7eb908a-e92c-419d-9356-f0f4bd3161c8
multi
The loading dose of Aminophylline is-
Ans. is 'd' i.e. 5-6 mg/kg o Aminophylline is a preparation of theophylline, where theophylline is complexed with EDTA. o The i.v. injection must be slow (loading dose of 5 mg/kg over 20 min followed by an infusion of 9 mg/kg/h, adjusted according to subsequent plasma theophylline concentrations).
4
50-75 mg/kg
0.5-1.0 mg/kg
2.0-3.5 mg/kg
5-6 mg/kg
Pharmacology
null
3239a1e4-589f-4335-aadf-48de10828dfc
single
Animal reservoir for swine influenza virus is
The swine flu virus H1N1 caused a localised outbreak in a militiary camp in USA.
3
Field mice
Urban rats
Pigs
Calomys callosus
Microbiology
null
3f59b22c-124b-48da-9c1c-a2fddcaf396d
multi
Sensitivity of mammography is low in young females because
Young females have dense brest tissue,thus sensitivity of mammo is low.
1
Young breast have dense tissue
Young breast have more fat
has less fat
less glandular tissue
Radiology
null
0f78f03f-37cc-4b8f-8288-f6176296f41a
single
Rate limiting step in fatty acid synthesis is ?
Production of malonyl-CoA is the initial and rate limiting step in fatty acid synthesis.Acetyl-CoA needs to be conveed to activated form, which will serve as the donor of carbon units to growing fatty acid chain.Malonyl-CoA) a 3- carbon compound is such activated form.It is produced by carboxylation of acetyl-CoA, a re...
3
Production of acetyl CoA
Production of oxaloacetate
Production of malonyl-CoA
Production of citrate
Biochemistry
null
5532d6b3-5c91-4b39-9daf-ea60fe3f5f79
multi
Most common indication of In Vitro Feilization is an abnormality in : Most common indication of In VitroFeilization is an abnormality in :
Fallopian tube
2
Uterus
Fallopian tube
Anovulation
Azoospermia
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
5a2bf31d-0356-4561-968c-db20e79f9f82
multi
Which of the following is (are) Heredofamilial amyloidosis -
A variety of familial forms of amyloidosis have been described; most are rare and occur in limited geographic areas. The best-characterized is an autosomal recessive condition called familial Mediterranean fever. This is a febrile disorder characterized by attacks of fever accompanied by inflammation of serosal surface...
3
Alzheimer's disease
Multiple myeloma
Familial mediterranean fever
RA
Pathology
General pathology
94c6eb6a-be54-40f5-b30f-31bf9d401148
single
Root completion in primary teeth is by the age of
null
3
1 - 3years
5 -6 years
3 - 4 years
7 -8 years
Dental
null
54a409f5-941d-4b21-927c-647c6a047a65
single
Psoriasis has the following features except
Granular cell layer is thinned or almost absent.
2
Munro abscesses in the parakeratotic layer
Prominent granular cell layer
Acanthosis with thickened lower portion
Suprapapillary thinning of epidermis
Pathology
null
c4a14350-aa74-468d-aab1-3ca76413a715
multi
Which one of the following drugs does not interfere with folic acid metabolism?
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Gabapentin Antiepileptics interfering with folic acid metabolism. 1. Phenytoin 2. Phenobarbitone 3. Primidone
2
Phenytoin
Gabapentin
Phenobarbitone
Primidone
Pharmacology
null
0b17636f-1998-4339-bf01-f435f48e26be
single
Penrose drain is
null
2
Simple rubber tube opens at one end
Simple rubber tube opens at both ends
Modified corrugated rubber drain
Modified Foley's Catheter
Surgery
null
e71aeb30-3b35-447f-90cc-ce3bfc3b71ac
multi
Best treatment for exercise induced asthma is
The stepwise approach to the management of asthma Step 1: Occasional use of inhaled sho-acting b2-adrenoreceptor agonist bronchodilators A variety of different inhaled devices are available and the choice of device should be guided by patient preference and competence its use. The metered-dose inhaler remains the most ...
2
Montelukast
Salbutamol
Ipratopium
Low dose inhaled steroids
Medicine
Respiratory system
4db7b2d5-17be-45fa-aef1-1af0f612682b
single
A 25-year-old woman is being evaluated for chronic fatigue. She has a history of heavy menstrual periods since menarche and also recalls frequent nosebleeds as a child. Her past medical history is otherwise insignificant and she takes no medications. Laboratory studies show normal prothrombin time (PT), activated paial...
Hypofibrinogemia Patient will low level of fibrinogen Factor IX deficiency Clotting factor deficiency APTT value is abnormal Rare in females Immune thrombocytopenia Platelet count will be low Von Willebrand disease Most common cause of inherited bleeding disorder One of the common causes of pubey menorrhagia PT, platel...
4
Hypofibrinogemia
Factor IX deficiency
Immune thrombocytopenia
Von Willebrand disease type 1
Pathology
Platelet
b6b780cb-bfcf-49c4-9aed-de4aa4f26cb5
multi
Chediak Higashi syndrome is characterized by?
Ans. is 'd' i.e., All the aboveThe rapid antibody based diagnostic test/card test uses histidine rich protein 2 or lastate dehydrogenase. It is rapid simple sensitive and specific test.
4
Giant granules in leukocytes
Albinism
Mutation in LYST gene
All the above
Pathology
null
fd406d01-d953-4479-b036-76c92292271f
multi
Premature baby of 34 wks was delivered. Baby developed bullous lesion on the skin and X-ray shows periostitis. What should be the fleet investigation ?
Ans. is 'a' i.e., VDRL for mother and Baby Bullous lesion and periostitis suggest the diagnosis of congenital syphilis. o The only option related to syphilis is option 'a'. o Following evaluations are recommended : - 1. Physical examiation 2. A quantitative nontreponemal test for syphilis (VDRL). 3. CSF for cell count,...
1
VDRL for mother & baby
ELISA for HIV
PCR for TB
Hepatitis surface antigen for mother
Pediatrics
null
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A 26 year old male presented to the dental clinic with pain in the right lower back tooth region. On examination, it was evident that pericoronitis is present with #48. The inherent filtration of the machine used is 3 mm of Aluminium operating at 70 kVp. By the use of this machine, the surface exposure:
Filtration results in decreased patient exposure with no loss of radiographic information.   When an X-ray beam is filtered with 3 mm of aluminum, the surface exposure is reduced to approximately 20% of the exposure with no filtration.   Reference: ORAL RADIOLOGY PRINCIPLES AND INTERPRETATION,8th EDITION, Stuart C. Whi...
1
Reduces to 20% of the exposure without filtration
Reduces to 80% of the exposure without filtration
Reduces to 30% of the exposure without filtration
Is not reduced at all
Radiology
null
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In metabolic acidosis what happens to PCO2 -
The fall in blood pH is accompanied by a characteristic increase in ventilation, especially the tidal volume (Kussmaul respiration). Metabolic acidosis due to an increase in endogenous acids (e.g., ketoacidosis) lowers extracellular fluid and decreases extracellular pH. This stimulates the medullary chemoreceptors to i...
2
Increase
Decrease
Remain constant
None
Medicine
Fluid and electrolytes
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The smallest diameter of the true pelvis is :
Ans. is a i.e. Interspinous diameter Friends. we have mugged up pelvis in detail for our undergraduate exams but for PGME exams you need not mug up each and everything about pelvis All you need to know are some of the impoant diameters, which I am listing down below. Diameters of Pelvis : Diameter Inlet Mid Pelvis Outl...
1
Interspinous Diameter
Diagonal conjugate
True conjugate
Inteuberous diameter
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
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All of the following are vitamin K dependent coagulation factors except:
Clotting factors II, VII, IX and X are vitamin K dependent factors. Six of the proteins involved in clotting require conversion of a number of glutamic acid residues to γ-carboxyglutamic acid residues before being released into the circulation, and hence all six are vitamin K-dependent. These proteins are factors II (p...
4
Factor X
Factor VII
Factor II
Factor VIII
Pharmacology
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Colic generally disappear by age -
Ans. is 'c' i.e., 4 months Colic (Evening colic) o Colic is characterized by intermittent episodes of abdominal pain in young infants who are etherwise well. o It usually begins at 1-2 weeks of age and can persist till 3-4 months of age. o Crying occurs in the late afternoon or evening. The diagnosis is confirmed when ...
3
1 year
2 years
4 months
8 months
Pediatrics
null
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A 25-year-old woman has recently moved to a new city. She comes today for her first routine visit and annual physical assessment. She feels well, reports no new symptoms, and her past medical history is negative. Her only medication is the oral contraceptive pill; she is currently in university and drinks on a social b...
There is universal agreement on the need for regular Pap smears in young women. There is no need to screen for colon cancer (fecal occult blood) or lung tumors (CXR), particularly at this age. Mammography, if indicated for screening, would be only for older women. Many authorities recommend breast self-examination as w...
2
mammography every 5 years
Pap smear at least every 3 years
stool for occult blood
chest x-ray (CXR) every 3 years
Medicine
Oncology
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The purpose of investment setting expansion is to compensate for
The rationale for increasing setting expansion is that certain newer alloys, such as base metal, have a greater casting shrinkage than do the traditional noble metal alloys. Thus, higher expansion is required in the stone die to aid in compensating for the alloy solidification shrinkage. Phillips 12th edition page no 1...
1
Casting Shrinkage
Casting expansion
Wax elimination
Alloy melting
Dental
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What is this instrument used to measure?
d. Mid arm circumferenceA measuring tape with cm markings (from 6to26cm) with 3 colored zones (red, yellow & green) is a Shakir's tape.
4
Body mass index
Skin fold thickness
Upper segment: lower segment ratio
Mid arm circumference
Pediatrics
Growth, Development, and Behavior
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Most specific test to detect blood stains is
Spectroscopic test is the most specific for blood stains. Tests for blood stains Spectroscopy tests can give information about what chemical compounds and elements are present in a sample, whether ceain types of degradation have occurred in a sample, the amount and type of crystallinity present in the sample, to name a...
4
Benzidine test
Teichmann's test
Ohotoluidine test
Spectroscopic test
Physiology
All India exam
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Non-respiratory function of lungs -
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Sodium balance * One of the most important metabolic (non-respiratory) function of lungs is activation of relatively physiologically in active decapeptide angiotensin I to 50 times more potent (active) vasoconstrictor, pressor (|BP), aldosterone stimulating octapeptid angiotensin II by extracellular A...
2
Anion balance
Sodium balance
Potassium balance
Calcium balance
Physiology
Respiratory System
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Investigations in a patient of oliguria revealed: Urine osmolality: 800 mOsm/kg. Urinary sodium 10 mmol/L.BUN: creatinine=20:1. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Pre renal Renal (ATN) Post renal Urine osmolality > 500 mOsm ~ 300 mOsm <400 mOsm Urine sodium <20 mmol/dl >20 mmol/dl Variable FeNa <1 >1 Variable Urine microscopic findings Hyaline casts Muddy brown casts Normal or RBC/WBC BUN: creatinine ratio >20:1 (normal 10:1) <20:1 >20:1
1
Pre-renal acute renal failure
Acute tubular necrosis
Acute coical necrosis
Urinary tract obstruction
Medicine
Nephrology
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Criminal negligence is punishable under section 304 A for a maximum of -
CRIMINAL NEGLIGENCE: The question of criminal negligence may arise: 1) When a doctor shows gross absence of skill or care during treatment resulting in serious injury or death of the patient. 2) When a doctor performs an illegal act. 3) When an assaulant person dies, the defence may attribute the death to the negligenc...
2
1 year
2 years
3 years
5 years
Forensic Medicine
Medico legal procedures
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Oxalate crystals in urine is seen in poisoning with
Ans: b (Ethylene glycol)Ref: Harrison, 17 ed. pg. 291, Davidson 21 ed. pg.Ethylene glycol poisoning (Antifreeze)Ethylene glycol is metabolized into glycoaldehyde, glycolic acid, glycoxylic acid, oxalic acid causing metabolic acidosis; oxalate causes renal damage due to calcium oxalate crystals in urine.C/F: Ophthalmpop...
2
Methanol
Ethylene glycol
Potassium dichromate
Methylene blue
Medicine
Kidney
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Chief cells are most abundant in which pa of the stomach?
Chief cells are more abundant in the fundus of the stomach. Cardiac poion of stomach is rich in mucus secreting glands and have few parietal or chief cells. Body of stomach is rich in parietal and mucous cells and pyloric pa of stomach is rich in enteroendocrine cells. Ref: Modern Nutrition In Health and Disease By Mau...
1
Fundus
Body
Antrum
Pylorus
Anatomy
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Bence jones proteinuria is best detected by
Ans. is `d' i.e., Electrophoresis Bence Jones proteins are seen in multiple myeloma. Urinary protein electrophoresis will exhibit a discrete protein peak. In myeloma plasma cells produce immuno-globulin of a single heavy and light chain, a monoclonal protein commonly referred to as a paraprotein. Heat test is false neg...
4
Dipstick method
Sulfosalicylic acid
Heat test
Electrophoresis
Medicine
null
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CURB-65 score includes all except:
Answer- D. Systolic BP < 100 mm Hg and Diastolic BP < 60 mill HgPneumonia Severily Index (PSI) and CUR8-65 criteria ure used in patients of community-acquired pneumonia to decide severity of illness and which patients merit in-patient/ICU care. Systolic BP of <90 mm Hg (not < 100 mm Hg) is a pa of the CURB65 criteria.
4
Age > 65 years
Confusion and elevated blood urea nitrogen > 7 mmol/L
Respiratory rate > 30/min
Systolic BP < 100 mm Hg and Diastolic BP < 60 mill Hg
Medicine
null
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In Huntington chorea the causative mutation in the protein huntingtin is a:
Huntington disease (HD) Mutation in the HTT gene which codes for protein called huntingtin which is impoant to neurons. The HTT mutation involves a DNA segment known as a CAG trinucleotide repeat. Made up of a series of three DNA building blocks (cytosine, adenine, and guanine) that appear multiple times in a row leadi...
4
Point mutation
Gene deletion
Frameshift mutation
Trinucleotide repeat expansion
Pathology
Genetics
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All are indications for splenectomy, except:
Chediak-Higashi syndrome is a condition that affects many pas of the body, paicularly the immune system. Chediak-Higashi syndrome is also characterized by a condition called oculocutaneous albinism, which causes abnormally light coloring (pigmentation) of the skin, hair, and eyes.spleenectomy is not done in this condit...
4
Hereditary spherocytosis
Hairy cell leukemia
ITP
Chediakhigashi syndrome
Medicine
G.I.T
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Person had a fight with a neighour where he assaulted him, he can be booked under
Assault: An offer of threat or attempt to apply force to the body of another in a hostile manner (Sec. 351 IPC).1 It does not matter whether it injures him physically or not. Shaking of head or showing of a fist at a person in a hostile manner will constitute an assault. Ref - Krishan Vij textbook of forensic medicine ...
4
44 IPC
319 IPC
320 IPC
351 IPC
Forensic Medicine
Medical Jurisprudence
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Renshaw cells are inhibitory interneurons found in?
ANSWER: (C) Gray matter of the spinal cordREF: Neurobiology: molecules, cells, and systems By Gary G. Matthew, Page 176-177 "Renshaw cells of grey matter of spinal cord produces self-inhibition of motor neurons.The axons of motor neurons send branches that make excitatory synaptic connection onto Renshaw cells. The Ren...
3
Gray matter of brain
White matter of brain
Gray matter of the spinal cord
White matter of spinal cord
Physiology
Nerve Physiology
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Flocculonodular lobe has direct connections with
Flocculonodular lobe has direct connections with vestibular nuclei and it is concerned with balance, equilibrium and eyeball movements Ref: Ganong 25th ed/page 248
3
Red nucleus
Inferior olivary nucleus
Vestibular nucleus
Dentate nucleus
Physiology
Nervous system
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All are true about diabetic ketoacidosis except?
In diabetic ketoacidosis, the elevated blood sugar due to osmotic diuresis leads to polyuria. The stimulation of osmo-receptors will lead to increased thirst. DKA can lead to early presentation of type 1 DM but more frequently occurs in patients with pre-existing diabetes. Serum ketones are present in DKA and detectabl...
4
Raging thirst
It is an early presentation in type 1 DM
Sodium Nitroprusside test is done to detect ketones
Serum bicarbonate > 15 mmol/L
Medicine
Diabetes Mellitus
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Gall stone can be which type of stone?
Cholesterol stones (cholesterol solitaire-radiating crystal line appearance) are formed when bile's supersaturated with cholesterol or bile acid concentrations are low.80% of gallstones are cholesterol/mixed stones in USA & Europe,whereas in Asia 80% are pigment stones.Cholesterol/mixed stones contain 51-99% pure chole...
3
Triple phosphate stone
Oxalate stone
Cholesterol stone
Urate stone
Surgery
G.I.T
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Cervical carcinoma is due to HPV -
Ans. is 'b' i.e., 16, 18 o HPV type 6 & 11 are known to be associated with warts.o HPV type 16, 18, 31 & 33 are associated with cervical carcinoma & CIN. Out of wrhich 16 & 18 are most oncogenic.
2
6,8
16,18
30, 32
15, 17
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Aetiological factors
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Which of the following determines the speed of recovery from IV anesthetic?
Ans. c. Redistribution of the drug from sites in the CNSAn IV anesthetic completely bypasses the process of absorption, because the drug is placed directly into the bloodstream. Highly perfused organs (vessel rich) including the brain take up disproportionately large amount of drug compared to less perfused areas (the ...
3
Liver metabolism of drug
Protein binding of drug
Redistribution of the drug from sites in the CNS
Plasma clearance of the drug
Anaesthesia
General Anesthesia
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Most during surgery best measurement of oxygen saturation in anaesthesia is
(Pulse Oximetry): Ref: (1503, 1585 -H) (291,883-B &L 25th) (1590-H 17th)PULSE OXIMETRY: - Most commonly utilized noninvasive monitor of respiratory function. The technique takes advantage of differences in the absorptive properties of oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin (1583-H)* Pulse oximeter calculates oxygen sat...
2
Sphegnomanometer
Pulse oximetry
Capillary blood glucose
All of the above
Surgery
Miscellaneous
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Increase in P50 results in change in oxygenation curve, which is due to decrease in
Hb-O2 dissociation curve shift to left indicates more affinity of Hb to O2 and thus less delivery of O2 to tissues. Hb-O2 dissociation curve shift to right indicates less affinity of Hb to O2, and thus more delivery of O2 to tissues. When P50 increases, the affinity of Hb to O2 decreases, or there is a shift of the c...
1
pH
Oxygen
Temperature
CO2
Physiology
null
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Cause of death in breech delivery :
Ans. is a, b and c i.e. Intracranial hemorrhage; Atlanto axial dislocation; and Asphyxia The risk of fetal moality and morbidity are greatly increased in the vaginal breech delivery Fetal moality is least in frank breech and maximum in footling presentation (as the chances of cord prolapse are more). Gynaecoid and anth...
4
Intracranial hemorrhage
Asphyxia
Atlanto axial dislocation
All
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
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Swelling situated in the posterior triangle of the neck
null
1
Cystic hygroma.
Branchiogenic carcinoma.
Collar stud abscess.
All of the above.
Surgery
null
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Platelets are stored at
Platelets are stored at 20 – 24 degree Celsius with agitation. They can only be stored for 5 days. Whole blood and packed red cells are stored at 2 – 6 degree Celsius for 35 days. The anticoagulants which are used for their storage are either CPD (Citrate, Phosphate, Dextrose) or CPDA (Citrate, Phosphate, Dextrose, Ade...
2
5°C for 1 month
20-24°C for 5 days
-4°C for 3 months
20-24°C for 3 days
Pathology
null
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A 60 year old male was diagnosed as carcinoma right lung. On CECT chest there was tumour of 5 x 5 cm in upper lobe and another 2 x 2 cm size tumour nodule in middle lobe. The primary modality of treatment is
Refer above table Treatment of operable NSCCL Stage IA, IB, IIA, IIB : Surgical resection Adjuvant chemotherapy is given in stage II Stage IIIA with minimal N2 involvement : Neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgical resection with complete Mediastinal LN dissection Postoperative radiotherapy for patients found to h...
3
Radiotherapy
Chemotherapy
Surgery
Suppoive treatment
Surgery
Urology
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Select the inappropriate statement about Chlorination of water
Chlorine best act at as a a disinfectant when the pH of water is7 because of predominance of Hypochlorous acid. 2.5mg bleaching powder can disinfect 1000 L of water. Chlorine has no effect on spores, cyst, ova, Hep. A, Polio virus, cyclopes. Remaining all options given are true.
1
Chlorine best act at pH 7.2 of water
The minimum recommended concentration of free chlorine is 0.5 mg/L for one hour
Hypochlorous acid play main role in disinfection
Chloroscope instrument is used to measure residual chlorine
Social & Preventive Medicine
Water
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Best method to diagnose HIV in an infant?
c. PCR(Ref: Update on antiretroviral regimens for treating and preventing HIV infection and update on early infant diagnosis of HIV July 2018 policy brief HIV treatment-interim guidance)WHO recommends that HIV virological testing (HIV DNA or RNA PCR or HIV culture) be used to diagnose HIV infection among infants and ch...
3
Western blot
ELISA
PCR
All
Pediatrics
General Considerations - Infectious Diseases
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Acantholytic cells are seen in
Ans. (a) Pemphigus vulgarisHarrison 19th ed. / 370* The rounded keratinocytes with hyperchromatic nuclei and perinuclear halo (due to condensing of cytoplasm in periphery) are called acantholytic cells.* It is seen in case of pemphigus vulgaris* Acantholytic cells can be demonstrated in bed side Tzanck test.
1
Pemphigus vulgaris
Bullous pemphigoid
Cicatricial pemphigoid
Dermatitis herpetiformis
Skin
General
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A 50-year-old woman is discovered to have metastatic breast cancer. One week after receiving her first dose of chemotherapy, she develops bacterial pneumonia. Which of the following best explains this patient's susceptibility to bacterial infection?
The impoance of protection afforded by acute inflammatory cells is emphasized by the frequency and severity of infections in persons with defective phagocytic cells. The most common defect is iatrogenic neutropenia secondary to cancer chemotherapy. Chemotherapy would not be expected to deplete serum levels of complemen...
4
Depletion of serum complement
Impaired neutrophil respiratory burst
Inhibition of clotting factor activation
Neutropenia
Pathology
Basic Concepts and Vascular changes of Acute Inflammation
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What are the characteristics of the primary (initial) bacterial colonizers of the tooth in dental plaque formation?
Streptococcal and Actinomyces species are initial colonizers of dental plaque. They are grampositive, facultative micro-organisms.
2
Gram-negative facultative
Gram-positive facultative
Gram-negative anaerobic
Gram-positive anaerobic
Dental
null
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single
Which of the following statement is TRUE about spinocerebellar tract?
The spinocerebellar pathway is organised into the ventral and dorsal tracts. Both these tracts transmits proprioceptive and exteroceptive impulses from the body. They occupy the periphery of the lateral aspect of the spinal white matter and carry proprioceptive and cutaneous information to the cerebellum for the coordi...
2
Equilibrium
Smoothes and coordinates movement
Learning induced by change in vestibulo ocular reflex
Planning and programming
Physiology
null
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Trichophagia is characterized by -
Ans is 'b' i.e. Compulsive eating of hair o Trichophagia is compulsive eating of hair and is usually associated with trichotillomania i.e. compulsive pulling of hair.o Compulsive shopping is called Oniomania.o Compulsive stealing is called Kleptomania.Also knowo Pyromania i.e. pathological fire setting
2
Compulsive pulling of hair
Compulsive eating of hair
Compulsive shopping
Compulsive stealing
Psychiatry
Mood Disorders
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IUCD is absolutely contraindicated in all the following except
Absolute contraindications for IUD use include the following: Pregnancy. Significantly distoed uterine anatomy. Unexplained vaginal bleeding concerning for pregnancy or pelvic malignancy. Gestational trophoblastic disease with persistently elevated beta-human chorionic gonadotropin levels. Ongoing pelvic infection
3
Undiagnosed vaginal bleeding
Suspected pregnancy
Congenital malformation of uterus
PID
Physiology
All India exam
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multi
ST elevation is seen in all of the following conditions except
Ischemia/myocardial infarction Noninfarction, transmural ischemia (Prinzmetal's angina, and probably Tako-tsubo syndrome, which may also exactly simulate classical acute infarction) Acute myocardial infarction Postmyocardial infarction (ventricular aneurysm pattern) Acute pericarditis Normal variants (including benign ...
3
Myocardial infraction
Coronary aery spasm
Constrictive pericarditis
Ventricular aneurysm
Anatomy
General anatomy
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multi
The most characteristic histological finding of acute rheumatic carditis is -
null
3
Fibrinous pericarditis
Vegetations on mitral valve leaflets
Aschoff bodies in myocardium
Increased vascularity of the valves
Pathology
null
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Palpation of muscles of mastication is best accomplished bilaterally and
null
1
Simultaneously
Alternately
Intermittently
None of the above
Dental
null
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Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) which is approved by USFDA for the treatment of:
D i.e. Depressive disorder: - Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is USFDA approved for treatment of resistant depressionQ and has been shown to have efficacy. Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) has also recently been approved for treatment of resistant depressionQ, but its degree of efficacy is controversia...
4
Resistant schizophrenia
Obsessive compulsive disorder
Acute psychosis
Depressive disorder
Psychiatry
null
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single
MMR is expressed in :
Maternal moality ratio is the number of maternal deaths per 1,00,000 live bihs. This is a ratio and not a rate because the numerator may include cases which are not included in the denominator. This ratio reflects the level of obstetric risk associated with pregnancy TEXTBOOK OF OBSTETRICS.,SHEILA BALAKRISHNAN,pg no:59...
3
Per 1000 live bih
Per 10000 live bih
Per 1 lakh live bih
Per 10 lakh live bih
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Medical, surgical and gynaecological illness complicating pregnancy
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