choices
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question_type
stringclasses
2 values
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stringlengths
12
14
answer
stringlengths
1
40
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{ "A": "Phospholipids in cell membranes", "B": "Genetic material that stores hereditary information", "C": "Testosterone", "D": "Hormones like insulin that regulate glucose levels", "E": "Cellulose in plant cell walls" }
multiple-choice
validation_800
D
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JGZj6DsUZhE&t=21s
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antibody", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enzyme", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulin", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleic_acid" ], "rationale": "Enzymes, antibodies, insulin, and keratin are prote...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biology/8.mp4
Which of the following molecules is primarily composed of the substances shown in the video?
videos/Biology/8.mp4
{ "A": "forming transcription templates", "B": "catalyzing many chemical reactions", "C": "maintaining structures", "D": "sensing signals", "E": "generating movements" }
multiple-choice
validation_801
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JGZj6DsUZhE&t=21s
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_biosynthesis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_signaling", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enzyme", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_structure", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_code" ], "rationale": "Proteins are responsib...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biology/8.mp4
What might NOT be the function of this kind of substance shown in the video?
videos/Biology/8.mp4
{ "A": "DNA replication errors causes genetic mutations, which leads to the shown abnormality.", "B": "The error of aminoacyl tRNA synthetase (aaRS) in translation period results in the production of abnormal nucleic acids that interfere with protein synthesis.", "C": "The additional chromosome causes an overexpr...
multiple-choice
validation_802
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JGZj6DsUZhE&t=21s
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosome_abnormality", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Down_syndrome", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_expression" ], "rationale": "The video uses animation to introduce proteins. Down's Syndrome, due to trisomy 21, results in overexpression of gene...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biology/8.mp4
Based on the video, which of the following best explains the reason of the shown abnormality?
videos/Biology/8.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_803
electromagnetic induction
https://youtu.be/A4E35Akk7kM?si=lZ3k4KTTy88NepXb
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromechanics", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faraday%27s_law_of_induction", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_generator", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_induction" ], "rationale": "When a rotating magnet within a generator ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electrical_Engineering/28.mp4
In the process described in the video, the device utilizes the principle of ___ to obtain energy for human use.
videos/Electrical_Engineering/28.mp4
{ "A": "The Aguila ammunition has a lower muzzle velocity than the Federal Premium ammunition, resulting in greater bullet drop over the distance to the target.", "B": "The Aguila bullets have a higher mass than the Federal Premium bullets, causing them to decelerate faster due to air resistance and impact lower on...
multiple-choice
validation_804
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dtf6hV2PX38
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ballistics", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Projectile_motion", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/External_ballistics", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muzzle_velocity" ], "rationale": "The observed difference in bullet impact positions is due to the Agu...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Mechanics/28.mp4
Which of the following is the most plausible explanation for the observed difference in bullet Aguila ammunition and Federal Premium ammunition?
videos/Mechanics/28.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_805
acyclic
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t0qDzHs1Oy8
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Directed_acyclic_graph", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topological_sorting", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Directed_graph" ], "rationale": "The graph has nodes A, B, C, D, E, and F, with edges forming a cycle between nodes B and C due to a double-heade...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/43.mp4
According to the knowledge point, the demonstrated algorithm is only possible on directed graphs that are **_____**.
videos/Computer_Science/43.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_806
Phonemic opposition
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bybqPOOg7C4
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguistic_relativity", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phonological_change", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minimal_pair", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoneme", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phonology" ], "rationale": "The sequence of words l...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Literature/9.mp4
In the video, the sequence of word exemplifies the concept of **__________** in linguistics.
videos/Literature/9.mp4
{ "A": "Phonetic environment", "B": "Allophonic variation", "C": "Prosodic opposition", "D": "Phonemic opposition", "E": "Morphological variation" }
multiple-choice
validation_807
D
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bybqPOOg7C4
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phonological_change", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoneme", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phonology" ], "rationale": "The sequence of words like 'book', 'brook', 'cook', and 'hook' demonstrates the concept of phonemic opposition in linguistics. This ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Literature/9.mp4
The pronunciation difference among these words in English represents which of the following phenomena?
videos/Literature/9.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_808
iron oxide
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GjUai-9gZjs
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhangye_National_Geopark", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_oxide", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedimentary_rock", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cementation_(geology)" ], "rationale": "The red and orange colors of the mountains (e.g., Zhangye ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Civil_Engineering/26.mp4
The formation of the unique mountains are primarily due to the presence of **______** acting as a cementing agent.
videos/Civil_Engineering/26.mp4
{ "A": "Identification of one related mutation", "B": "A decreased sweat chloride concentration on two or more occasions", "C": "Decreased levels of immunoreactive trypsinogen (IRT) detected in newborn screening", "D": "Presence of intermittent fever and chills", "E": "Demonstration of abnormal epithelial nas...
multiple-choice
validation_809
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r18MspvkPQg
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweat_test", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cystic_fibrosis" ], "rationale": "The video shows Cystic Fibrosis. According to the clinical diagnostic criteria for Cystic Fibrosis, the answer can be derived. (See textbook TABLE 10-7 -- Clinical Features and Dia...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Basic_Medicine/23.mp4
Which of the following is included in the diagnostic criteria for this disease?
videos/Basic_Medicine/23.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_810
Hemoglobin
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=69-1viFsxVE
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_coagulation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxygen_saturation_(medicine)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photodynamic_therapy" ], "rationale": "The Navilas laser system operates at 577 nm, targeting the absorption peak of hemoglobin in the retina...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/21.mp4
The system in the video operates at a specific wavelength magnitude because it targets the absorption peak of ______.
videos/Biomedical_Engineering/21.mp4
{ "A": "Physiotherapy", "B": "Surgery", "C": "Immunotherapy", "D": "Photodynamic Therapy", "E": "Chemotherapy" }
multiple-choice
validation_811
D
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=69-1viFsxVE
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_cancer_treatment", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low-level_laser_therapy", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reactive_oxygen_species", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photodynamic_therapy" ], "rationale": "The video is an animated illustrat...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/21.mp4
What kind of treatment is shown in the video?
videos/Biomedical_Engineering/21.mp4
{ "A": "Photothermal coagulation of the retinal pigment epithelium to induce scarring", "B": "Photodisruption of vitreous floaters using ultrashort laser pulses", "C": "Selective stimulation of retinal cells to promote angiogenesis", "D": "Activation of photosensitizing agents to produce cytotoxic reactive oxyg...
multiple-choice
validation_812
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=69-1viFsxVE
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photodynamic_therapy", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-altitude_cerebral_edema", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retinal_pigment_epithelium" ], "rationale": "The Navilas laser treatment in video operates at a...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/21.mp4
Based on the information provided, which of the following is the most likely mechanism by which the treatment achieves its therapeutic effect?
videos/Biomedical_Engineering/21.mp4
{ "A": "The use of a 577 nm wavelength laser that is less absorbed by melanin, reducing thermal injury to the retinal pigment epithelium.", "B": "The ability to apply high-energy laser pulses in continuous-wave mode to effectively coagulate abnormal vessels.", "C": "The integration of pre-treatment imaging modali...
multiple-choice
validation_813
D
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=69-1viFsxVE
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eye_tracking", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetic_retinopathy", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macular_edema", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photodynamic_therapy", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_coagulation" ], "rationale": "The Navil...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/21.mp4
Considering the features demonstrated, which of the following most directly contributes to minimizing collateral damage to healthy retinal tissue during the treatment?
videos/Biomedical_Engineering/21.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_814
convection
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7lKkCsELnew
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plume_(fluid_dynamics)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buoyancy", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat_transfer", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convection" ], "rationale": "The primary mode of heat transfer responsible for the rising plume of smoke ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Thermodynamics/11.mp4
Based on the video, the primary mode of heat transfer is **___**.
videos/Thermodynamics/11.mp4
{ "A": "The red-orange glow is due to an exothermic chemical reaction releasing heat; the plume thins because the temperature decreases with height, causing the smoke to condense.", "B": "The plume rises due to thermal conduction heating the smoke; it thins because the smoke particles evaporate into gas at higher a...
multiple-choice
validation_815
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7lKkCsELnew
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buoyancy", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convection_(heat_transfer)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat_transfer", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffusion" ], "rationale": "In the video, a red-orange glow appears at the bottom of a rectangular gl...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Thermodynamics/11.mp4
Which of the following statements correctly explains the primary thermodynamic processes occurring in the video and accounts for the observed smoke plume?
videos/Thermodynamics/11.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_816
force majeure
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IFkYh_MFuLI
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_disaster", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Act_of_God", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legal_liability", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Force_majeure" ], "rationale": "The storm described in the video is classified as 'force majeure,' a legal ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Law/10.mp4
Based on the incident described in the video, this natural event would be classified as an example of ______________.
videos/Law/10.mp4
{ "A": "the local government", "B": "the monitoring agency", "C": "nobody", "D": "the buyer", "E": "the seller" }
multiple-choice
validation_817
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IFkYh_MFuLI
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legal_liability", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Act_of_God", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Force_majeure" ], "rationale": "Typhoons are a type of natural disaster, and contracts that cannot be performed due to typhoons are considered force majeure, a s...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Law/10.mp4
If the situation in the video makes the contract impossible to perform, who will bear the responsibility?
videos/Law/10.mp4
{ "A": "Doctrine of Anticipatory Repudiation", "B": "Doctrine of Impossibility", "C": "Doctrine of Frustration of Purpose", "D": "Doctrine of Substantial Performance", "E": "Doctrine of Impossibility and Doctrine of Frustration of Purpose" }
multiple-choice
validation_818
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IFkYh_MFuLI
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Force_majeure", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impossibility_of_performance", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contract" ], "rationale": "The company can be excused from performing the contract under the Doctrine of Impossibility and the Doctrine of Frustr...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Law/10.mp4
Under contract law, in the scenario shown in the video, which of the following legal principles can a company rely on at most to avoid liability for contract performance?
videos/Law/10.mp4
{ "A": "Doctrine of Substantial Performance", "B": "Doctrine of Anticipatory Repudiation", "C": "Doctrine of Commercial Impracticability", "D": "Doctrine of Frustration of Purpose", "E": "Doctrine of Impossibility" }
multiple-choice
validation_819
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IFkYh_MFuLI
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impracticability", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frustration_of_purpose", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Force_majeure", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impossibility_of_performance", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contract" ], "rationale": "The ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Law/10.mp4
Under contract law, which legal doctrine is most likely to excuse the construction company's non-performance?
videos/Law/10.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_820
antidiuretic hormone
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MNsJXK3L8oM
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluid_balance", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assessment_of_kidney_function", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Body_water", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasopressin", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renin%E2%80%93angiotensin_system" ], "rationale...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Clinical_Medicine/28.mp4
As shown in the video, after consuming certain foods, the secretion of _______ is inhibited, helping the body maintain homeostasis.
videos/Clinical_Medicine/28.mp4
{ "A": "Increased secretion of antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin)", "B": "Release of atrial natriuretic peptide from the cardiac atria", "C": "Enhanced release of aldosterone from the adrenal cortex", "D": "Secretion of renin from the juxtaglomerular cells in the kidneys", "E": "Production of angiotensin II v...
multiple-choice
validation_821
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MNsJXK3L8oM
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atrial_natriuretic_peptide", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluid_balance", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aldosterone", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natriuresis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renin", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renin%E2%8...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Clinical_Medicine/28.mp4
In the event depicted in the video, an individual experiences changes in body fluids after consuming certain foods. To counteract this change, which physiological mechanism is primarily activated to promote the restoration of homeostasis?
videos/Clinical_Medicine/28.mp4
{ "A": "Edholm's Law", "B": "Bell's Law", "C": "Moore's Law", "D": "Amara's Law", "E": "Metcalfe's Law" }
multiple-choice
validation_822
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zbxcPNmwgtE
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exponential_growth", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_circuit", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moore%27s_law", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transistor_count" ], "rationale": "The video starts with a static graph depicting the average numbe...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electronics_and_Communication/20.mp4
According to the data analysis in the video, what law does the image change satisfy?
videos/Electronics_and_Communication/20.mp4
{ "A": "Edholm's Law", "B": "Kurzweil's Law of Accelerating Returns", "C": "Amara's Law", "D": "Gilder's Law", "E": "Metcalfe's Law" }
multiple-choice
validation_823
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zbxcPNmwgtE
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edholm%27s_law", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moore%27s_law" ], "rationale": "The video starts with a static graph depicting the average number of transistors over time. Edholm's Law predicts the exponential increase in telecommunications bandwidth, analog...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electronics_and_Communication/20.mp4
If the situation demonstrated in the video occurs in the telecommunications field, which law or principle does it satisfy?
videos/Electronics_and_Communication/20.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_824
rotate counterclockwise
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vJgm7ZsfdHU
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gear_train", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/24p", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epicyclic_gearing", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanical_engineering" ], "rationale": "According to the gear motion rules shown in the video, the green gear drives ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Mechanical_Engineering/26.mp4
How does the green gear on the long rod need to move to make the short central rod rotate counterclockwise?
videos/Mechanical_Engineering/26.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_825
frequency modulation
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GXLPaAxuBkU
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modulation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amplitude_modulation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecommunications", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequency_modulation" ], "rationale": "In the final stage of the video, the amplitude of the wave re...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electronics_and_Communication/21.mp4
In the final stage of the video, the modulation method used is ______.
videos/Electronics_and_Communication/21.mp4
{ "A": "Amplitude and frequency modulation", "B": "Amplitude and phase modulation", "C": "Frequency and phase modulation", "D": "Phase and angle modulation", "E": "Frequency modulation only" }
multiple-choice
validation_826
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GXLPaAxuBkU
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequency_modulation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modulation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amplitude_modulation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase_modulation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulse-frequency_modulation" ], "rationale": ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electronics_and_Communication/21.mp4
What modulation method/methods are used in this system?
videos/Electronics_and_Communication/21.mp4
{ "A": "A linear voltage regulator circuit.", "B": "An amplitude modulation (AM) radio transmitter circuit.", "C": "A phase-locked loop (PLL) frequency synthesizer circuit.", "D": "A switching mode power supply (SMPS) converter circuit.", "E": "An audio amplifier circuit with feedback." }
multiple-choice
validation_827
D
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GXLPaAxuBkU
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase-locked_loop", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oscilloscope", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modulation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amplitude_modulation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switched-mode_power_supply" ], "rationale": "In the...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electronics_and_Communication/21.mp4
Considering the characteristics of the observed signal and the setup described, which type of circuit is the technician most likely testing?
videos/Electronics_and_Communication/21.mp4
{ "A": "45 kHz", "B": "50 kHz", "C": "55 kHz", "D": "60 kHz", "E": "65 kHz" }
multiple-choice
validation_828
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GXLPaAxuBkU
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sideband", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carrier_wave", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequency_modulation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oscilloscope", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amplitude_modulation" ], "rationale": "The period of the m...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electronics_and_Communication/21.mp4
In the video, an oscilloscope displays a signal. Assuming this period corresponds to the modulating signal, and the carrier frequency is ten times the modulating frequency, what is the frequency of the lower sideband component of the AM signal?
videos/Electronics_and_Communication/21.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_829
Lower esophageal
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bUrZKQzrixI
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esophagus", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gastroesophageal_reflux_disease", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Appendix_(anatomy)" ], "rationale": "The 'cardiac sphincter' in the video at the esophagus-stomach junction is clinically known as the lower esoph...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Clinical_Medicine/29.mp4
The sphincter labeled as the 'cardiac sphincter' in the video is more commonly known in clinical medicine as the _______ sphincter.
videos/Clinical_Medicine/29.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_830
axial
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qNmLQVpKG1o&ab_channel=YuweiFan
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceramic", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axial_loading", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compressive_strength" ], "rationale": "The video shows a compression test being conducted on a ceramic material, with the sample being a white circular disc. From the...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Materials_Science/11.mp4
As shown in the video, a compression test is being conducted on a material. According to the video, the test is performed using _______ loading.
videos/Materials_Science/11.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_831
two
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qc8zcst2blU
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_motor", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stepper_motor" ], "rationale": "The video reveals that the stepper motor shown operates with current flowing in both directions through its coils, indicating a change in magnetic polarity necessary for rotor mo...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Mechanical_Engineering/27.mp4
The stepper motor in the video has _______ pole(s).
videos/Mechanical_Engineering/27.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_832
neural activity
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HFgGaWquVX8
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neural_network_(biology)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuroplasticity", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neural_oscillation" ], "rationale": "The movement of tiny white dots in the video represents neural activity. This indicates an activity-dependent ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Neurobiology/26.mp4
The movement of tiny white dots in the video represents **_______**.
videos/Neurobiology/26.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_833
coronal
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IA5B3dM-9o4
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomical_plane", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuroanatomy", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomical_terms_of_location", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronal_plane" ], "rationale": "The transverse dissection of the brain shown in the video co...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Neurobiology/27.mp4
Based on the anatomical planes, The initial brain section shown in the video corresponds to the ______ plane.
videos/Neurobiology/27.mp4
{ "A": "Administration of antiretroviral therapy to the general population.", "B": "Distribution and promotion of insecticide-treated bed nets and indoor residual spraying.", "C": "Provision of improved sanitation and access to clean drinking water.", "D": "Isolation and quarantine of infected individuals to pr...
multiple-choice
validation_834
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=acoALifVvb8
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaria", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anopheles", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indoor_residual_spraying", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosquito_net" ], "rationale": "The blood smear preparation demonstrated is commonly used to diagnose malaria...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Preventive_Medicine/10.mp4
Which of the following preventive strategies is most effective in reducing the incidence of this disease in endemic regions?
videos/Preventive_Medicine/10.mp4
{ "A": "the material of the object changes", "B": "the density of the object changes", "C": "the mass of the object changes", "D": "the geometric shape of the object changes", "E": "the temperature of the object changes" }
multiple-choice
validation_835
D
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-q4T-RCaCm4
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous_uniform_distribution", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centroid", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Center_of_mass", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanical_engineering" ], "rationale": "Based on the video, we can conclude that the intersect...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Mechanical_Engineering/28.mp4
The intersection of the two straight lines obtained in the experiment changes when?
videos/Mechanical_Engineering/28.mp4
{ "A": "Calculating the center of mass using mass distribution; because the object's varying density requires mass calculations at different points.", "B": "Locating the centroid using the method of suspensions; because suspending the object from multiple points and tracing vertical lines allows intersection at the...
multiple-choice
validation_836
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-q4T-RCaCm4
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centroid", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plumb_bob", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Center_of_mass", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suspension_(mechanics)" ], "rationale": "The experiment employs the method of suspensions to locate the centroid of a...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Mechanical_Engineering/28.mp4
Which method is being used to determine this point, and why is this method effective for finding it?
videos/Mechanical_Engineering/28.mp4
{ "A": "The method will accurately locate the centroid because the technique accounts for mass distribution regardless of density variations.", "B": "The method will identify the geometric center, but this point will not coincide with the true center of mass due to the non-uniform density.", "C": "The method will...
multiple-choice
validation_837
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-q4T-RCaCm4
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous_uniform_distribution", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centroid", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Center_of_mass" ], "rationale": "Even if the map has non-uniform density, suspension method can still locate the centroid of the map. The suspensio...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Mechanical_Engineering/28.mp4
Suppose instead that the map is made of a material with non-uniform density, increasing gradually from north to south. If the same method is used without accounting for the density variation, which of the following best describes the outcome and explains why?
videos/Mechanical_Engineering/28.mp4
{ "A": "Unable to determine", "B": "First one", "C": "Second one with same height", "D": "Both", "E": "Second one" }
multiple-choice
validation_838
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fdeH6Ksedwk
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dissipation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impulse_(physics)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton%27s_laws_of_motion", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Momentum" ], "rationale": "In the video, the first move motion uses a sponge as support, which ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Mechanics/29.mp4
Which move motion in the video takes smaller force on the upper object?
videos/Mechanics/29.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_839
camouflage (crypsis)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-0IoZ3X3RcA
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aposematism", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camouflage", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-predator_adaptation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_coloration", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cephalopod" ], "rationale": "The octopus in the ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biology/9.mp4
The animal in the video employs the antipredator strategy known as **________**.
videos/Biology/9.mp4
{ "A": "Batesian mimicry", "B": "Camouflage", "C": "Aposematism", "D": "Countershading", "E": "Mullerian mimicry" }
multiple-choice
validation_840
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-0IoZ3X3RcA
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disruptive_coloration", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crypsis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batesian_mimicry", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aposematism", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-predator_adaptation" ], "rationale": "The octopus ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biology/9.mp4
What coloration strategy did the animal switch to?
videos/Biology/9.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_841
Filoviridae
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gRlP9HNSzQY
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoonosis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_reservoir", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filoviridae", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viral_hemorrhagic_fever", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebola" ], "rationale": "The analysis indicates that...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Basic_Medicine/0.mp4
The virus shown in the video belongs to the virus family known as **_____**.
videos/Basic_Medicine/0.mp4
{ "A": "Hepatitis A virus", "B": "Measles virus", "C": "Regional hemorrhagic fever viruses", "D": "Human papillomavirus", "E": "Arboviral encephalitis viruses" }
multiple-choice
validation_842
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gRlP9HNSzQY
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_papillomavirus_infection", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Measles_virus", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatitis_A#Virology", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viral_hemorrhagic_fever", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebola", "https://en.wiki...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Basic_Medicine/0.mp4
Which of the following virus does it belong to?
videos/Basic_Medicine/0.mp4
{ "A": "Hantavirus", "B": "Dengue virus", "C": "Lassa virus", "D": "Rabies virus", "E": "Ebola virus" }
multiple-choice
validation_843
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gRlP9HNSzQY
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megabat", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoonosis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_African_Ebola_epidemic", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viral_hemorrhagic_fever", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebola" ], "rationale": "The virus depicted...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Basic_Medicine/0.mp4
What is the most likely type of virus shown in the video?
videos/Basic_Medicine/0.mp4
{ "A": "A virus from the family Flaviviridae, enveloped, icosahedral nucleocapsid, single-stranded positive-sense RNA genome.", "B": "A virus from the family Reoviridae, non-enveloped, double-stranded segmented RNA genome.", "C": "A virus from the family Herpesviridae, enveloped, icosahedral nucleocapsid, double-...
multiple-choice
validation_844
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gRlP9HNSzQY
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoonosis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebola", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filoviridae", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viral_hemorrhagic_fever" ], "rationale": "The virus depicted in the video is the Ebola virus. It matches key features: zoono...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Basic_Medicine/0.mp4
Which of the following best describes the virus's characteristics in terms of its taxonomic family, genome type, and morphology?
videos/Basic_Medicine/0.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_845
basalt fiber
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=007KI1q7uWo
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Composite_material", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_fire-retardant_materials", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glass_fiber", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basalt_fiber", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_stability" ], "rationale": "I...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Materials_Science/12.mp4
the fabric that remained mostly intact without melting or burning when exposed to the blowtorch is ____ .
videos/Materials_Science/12.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_846
pituitary gland
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z2imBghgLW8
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_brain", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pituitary_gland", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypothalamus", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endocrine_system" ], "rationale": "The small, red-colored cluster in the video is located near the brainstem, ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Neurobiology/28.mp4
In the video, the small, red-colored cluster of structures corresponds to the **_______**.
videos/Neurobiology/28.mp4
{ "A": "Urine Formation Process", "B": "Protein Synthesis Process", "C": "Bile Secretion Process", "D": "Nerve Impulse Transmission Process", "E": "Alveolar Gas Exchange Process" }
multiple-choice
validation_847
A
https://youtu.be/C84anUW0k0A?si=pz64AnjuzgEXO_Cf
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urinary_system", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nephron", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_physiology" ], "rationale": "The video shows the process involving kidneys, resulting in the answer for the urine formation process.", "subject": "Biology", ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biology/10.mp4
Based on what is in the video, what process is shown in it?
videos/Biology/10.mp4
{ "A": "Spraying insecticide indoors to kill adult mosquitoes", "B": "Implementing a vaccination program against the disease", "C": "Distributing insect repellent creams for personal use", "D": "Providing insecticide-treated bed nets to households", "E": "Draining standing water to eliminate mosquito breeding...
multiple-choice
validation_848
D
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=acoALifVvb8
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood-borne_disease", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaria", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anopheles", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosquito_net" ], "rationale": "The video shows the detection of malaria. Insecticide-treated bed nets are one of ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Preventive_Medicine/11.mp4
Which of the following interventions would be most effective in preventing new infections?
videos/Preventive_Medicine/11.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_849
rolling
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oEPrXljqeHA
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friction", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ball_screw", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_resistance", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanical_engineering", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potentiometer" ], "rationale": "In the video, the ba...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Mechanical_Engineering/29.mp4
In the ballscrew assembly shown, the sliding friction is replaced with ______ friction.
videos/Mechanical_Engineering/29.mp4
{ "A": "Pour hot water on the toy man, the toy man will expand due to the heat and the water will flow out.", "B": "Pour cold water on the toy man, the air pressure inside the toy man will decrease and the water will flow out.", "C": "Pour cold water on the toy man and the liquid inside the toy man will decrease ...
multiple-choice
validation_850
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aLIuPTZJN1I
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_expansion", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmospheric_pressure", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boyle%27s_law", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermodynamics" ], "rationale": "The last step in the video is to pour hot water on the toy man to...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Thermodynamics/12.mp4
Why did water spray out of the toy man's body at the end?
videos/Thermodynamics/12.mp4
{ "A": "The hot water causes the material of the toy man to expand, squeezing internal water out through openings.", "B": "Cooling the toy man in cold water causes the air inside to contract and draw water in; heating it with hot water then causes the air to expand, forcing the water out.", "C": "The cold water c...
multiple-choice
validation_851
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aLIuPTZJN1I
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_expansion", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boyle%27s_law", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideal_gas_law", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat_transfer", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermodynamics" ], "rationale": "The correct explanati...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Thermodynamics/12.mp4
Which of the following best explains the experiment?
videos/Thermodynamics/12.mp4
{ "A": "The internal air pressure increases to about 1.05 atm due to thermal expansion; this pressure increase forces warm air out of the object, cooling the surrounding air and causing condensation on the beaker.", "B": "The internal air pressure decreases to about 0.90 atm due to thermal contraction; this pressur...
multiple-choice
validation_852
D
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aLIuPTZJN1I
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_expansion", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideal_gas_law", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dew_point" ], "rationale": "The internal air pressure decreases due to thermal contraction as the bear-shaped object cools in cold water. This pressure diff...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Thermodynamics/12.mp4
Which of the following best explains the phenomenon on the beaker in the video?
videos/Thermodynamics/12.mp4
{ "A": "Collagen Type I", "B": "TGF-beta", "C": "Osteocalcin", "D": "Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)", "E": "Beta-actin" }
multiple-choice
validation_853
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=USbjj0wWvYA
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellular_differentiation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone_morphogenetic_protein", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transforming_growth_factor_beta", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone_healing" ], "rationale": "The video shows the process of bone ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Basic_Medicine/24.mp4
n the process shown in the video, what molecules stimulate cell devision?
videos/Basic_Medicine/24.mp4
{ "A": "The friction between the object and the surface", "B": "The shape and size of the object", "C": "The density of the object", "D": "The mass of the object", "E": "The position of the axis of rotation" }
multiple-choice
validation_854
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CHQOctEvtTY
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moment_of_inertia", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Density", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friction" ], "rationale": "In the video, all of them fall together and have rotation Inertia, which is the ability o...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Mechanics/30.mp4
Which of the following factors does not directly affect the variables shown in the video?
videos/Mechanics/30.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_855
center of gravity (mass)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-q4T-RCaCm4
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Line%E2%80%93line_intersection", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plumb_bob", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Center_of_mass", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanical_equilibrium" ], "rationale": "The person determines the map's center of gravity by s...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Mechanical_Engineering/30.mp4
The person is determining the map's ________.
videos/Mechanical_Engineering/30.mp4
{ "A": "Find the center of the circumscribed circle of the object", "B": "Measure the area of the object's surface", "C": "Determine the volume of the object", "D": "Find the center of the inscribed circle of the object", "E": "Find the center of gravity of the object" }
multiple-choice
validation_856
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-q4T-RCaCm4
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Center_of_mass", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_mechanics", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suspension_(mechanics)" ], "rationale": "The person determines the map's center of gravity by suspending it from various points and using a plumb line ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Mechanical_Engineering/30.mp4
What is the purpose of the experiment in the video?
videos/Mechanical_Engineering/30.mp4
{ "A": "The principle that the centroid of a shape is at the intersection point of its axes of symmetry.", "B": "The application of the Pythagorean theorem to determine distances.", "C": "The use of torque equilibrium to balance moments about a pivot point.", "D": "The concept that uniform objects have their ce...
multiple-choice
validation_857
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-q4T-RCaCm4
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plumb_bob", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centroid", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanical_equilibrium", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Center_of_mass", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrostatic_equilibrium" ], "rationale": "The experiment ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Mechanical_Engineering/30.mp4
Which mechanical engineering principle is being applied in this experiment?
videos/Mechanical_Engineering/30.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_858
Penicillin
https://youtu.be/M_qeE5BsynY?si=1myMdPmZGW_iB2_z
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penicillin", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skin_allergy_test", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allergy_test", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92-Lactam_antibiotic" ], "rationale": "The skin prick test shows positive reactions at three sites and no...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Pharmacy/26.mp4
Inthe video, the procedure indicates that the woman is allergic to **_______**.
videos/Pharmacy/26.mp4
{ "A": "Patch Test", "B": "Intravenous Injection", "C": "Intradermal Test", "D": "Skin Prick Test", "E": "ImmunoCAP" }
multiple-choice
validation_859
D
https://youtu.be/M_qeE5BsynY?si=1myMdPmZGW_iB2_z
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penicillin", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skin_allergy_test", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allergy_test" ], "rationale": "The video exactly illustrates the entire process of the skin prick test.", "subject": "Pharmacy", "textbook": "The Pharmacol...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Pharmacy/26.mp4
What is shown in the video?
videos/Pharmacy/26.mp4
{ "A": "Rope has a lower melting point.", "B": "Rope is not conductive.", "C": "The rope has good electrical conductivity and shrinks when heated and expands when cooled.", "D": "The rope has good electrical conductivity and expands with heat and shrinks with cold.", "E": "The rope has poor electrical conduct...
multiple-choice
validation_860
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XsfwVRBZXkI&t=15s
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_expansion", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_resistivity_and_conductivity", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat_transfer", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermodynamic_system", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shape-memory_alloy" ], ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Thermodynamics/13.mp4
What are the physical properties of rope?
videos/Thermodynamics/13.mp4
{ "A": "The magnetic field generated by the current disappears, causing the metal block to fall due to gravity.", "B": "The metal block loses its electric charge upon cooling, eliminating electrostatic forces that held it up.", "C": "The wire expands upon cooling, increasing in length and allowing the metal block...
multiple-choice
validation_861
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XsfwVRBZXkI&t=15s
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_expansion", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shape-memory_alloy", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_materials_properties" ], "rationale": "The analysis indicates that when the power is switched off, the wire cools and expands, increasing its l...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Thermodynamics/13.mp4
Which of the following best explains the metal block's behavior when the power is switched off?
videos/Thermodynamics/13.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_862
controlling
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zW2KM1wPSiA
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_(management)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Executive_director", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Management_control_system", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Management" ], "rationale": "The man's actions, such as inspecting inventory, interac...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Management/14.mp4
Based on the man's actions in the video, the managerial function he is primarily performing is known as **________**.
videos/Management/14.mp4
{ "A": "The first move motion has a larger change in impulse", "B": "The second move motion has a larger change in impulse", "C": "Both move motions have the same change in impulse", "D": "Neither move motion has a significant change in impulse", "E": "Unable to determine from the video" }
multiple-choice
validation_863
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fdeH6Ksedwk
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanics", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impulse_(physics)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton%27s_laws_of_motion", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Momentum" ], "rationale": "In the video, the two move motions have the same height from the brick...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Mechanics/31.mp4
Which move motion in the video has larger change in impulse?
videos/Mechanics/31.mp4
{ "A": "The foam pad exhibits hysteresis due to internal friction during compression and expansion cycles, dissipating energy as heat.", "B": "The foam pad behaves as a perfectly elastic material, fully recovering its original shape after each compression without any energy loss.", "C": "The permanent indentation...
multiple-choice
validation_864
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fdeH6Ksedwk
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stress%E2%80%93strain_curve", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hysteresis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viscoelasticity", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasticity_(physics)" ], "rationale": "The foam pad exhibits viscoelastic behavior, which involv...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Mechanics/31.mp4
Based on the video, which of the following statements is true?
videos/Mechanics/31.mp4
{ "A": "Only the wave with lower amplitude", "B": "Neither", "C": "Second one", "D": "Both", "E": "First one" }
multiple-choice
validation_865
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ANGxXNFYQyE
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_mechanics", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wave_function", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schr%C3%B6dinger_equation" ], "rationale": "The second one refers to the movement of wave in the video that is based on the Schrodinger equation, which is t...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Modern_Physics/16.mp4
Which movement of wave in the video is related to the quamtum mechanics?
videos/Modern_Physics/16.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_866
mechanical
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rETldlwke5I
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_shutter", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_camera", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_cinematography" ], "rationale": "To prevent the 'jello effect' when filming fast-moving objects like a plane's propeller, it's beneficial to use a came...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Art/13.mp4
To prevent the phenomenon shown in the video, a camera with a traditional **_______** shutter should be used.
videos/Art/13.mp4
{ "A": "Pulmonary valve", "B": "Aortic valve", "C": "Tricuspid valve", "D": "Mitral valve", "E": "Right atrial appendage" }
multiple-choice
validation_867
D
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=30iIC_8E5QA
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiovascular_examination", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_sounds", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitral_valve", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parveen_Kumar" ], "rationale": "From this segment, it can be observed that the stethoscope is posi...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Clinical_Medicine/30.mp4
Through the examination in the video, you can determine which part of the disease?
videos/Clinical_Medicine/30.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_868
Yeast Extract Peptone Dextrose (YPD)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dJ2RsP64oqE
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YEPD", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microbiological_culture", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agar_plate", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yeast" ], "rationale": "The experiment shown in the video indicates that the rich culture medium used for yeast...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/22.mp4
Based on the video, the yellow liquid is known as **_____**.
videos/Biomedical_Engineering/22.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_869
0
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SPkICKZAVzY
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amplitude_modulation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequency_modulation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decibel" ], "rationale": "Based on the content displayed on the signal analyzer in the video, the signal source output frequency was changed from ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electronics_and_Communication/22.mp4
During the changes in the signal generator and oscilloscope shown in the video, the peak level on the signal analyzer will decrease by _____ dB.
videos/Electronics_and_Communication/22.mp4
{ "A": "Bandwidth", "B": "Frequency", "C": "Modulation type", "D": "Phase", "E": "Amplitude" }
multiple-choice
validation_870
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SPkICKZAVzY
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modulation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signal", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequency_modulation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signal_processing" ], "rationale": "The video shows the content and changes displayed by the signal generator an...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electronics_and_Communication/22.mp4
Which variable of the original signal is changed?
videos/Electronics_and_Communication/22.mp4
{ "A": "Distributing insecticide-treated bed nets to reduce mosquito bites at night.", "B": "Implementing mass deworming programs with albendazole in school-aged children.", "C": "Providing access to clean water and promoting hygienic practices to prevent fecal-oral transmission.", "D": "Eliminating standing wa...
multiple-choice
validation_871
E
https://youtu.be/Hx-Ly-A2y44?si=sDFrE2OyYPBLvXWb
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schistosomiasis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_disease", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molluscicide", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disease_vector" ], "rationale": "The video starts with individuals engaging with water—fishing, collectin...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Preventive_Medicine/12.mp4
According to the disease process shown in the animation, which of the following precautions would be most effective in stopping its spread by targeting its intermediate host?
videos/Preventive_Medicine/12.mp4
{ "A": "utilizes Hamming codes for error correction", "B": "is suitable for communication environments with high error rates", "C": "its matrix can be represented by a Tanner graph", "D": "increases the payload of data transmission", "E": "is optimal for low-latency applications" }
multiple-choice
validation_872
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=223jb0uXARM
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Representation_theory", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parity-check_matrix", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low-density_parity-check_code", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Error_correction_code", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanner_graph" ], "ra...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electronics_and_Communication/23.mp4
Which of the following options correctly describes a feature or limitation?
videos/Electronics_and_Communication/23.mp4
{ "A": "Atropine", "B": "Penicillin", "C": "Succinylcholine", "D": "Neostigmine", "E": "Fluoxetine" }
multiple-choice
validation_873
D
https://youtu.be/jwy41Q6A2rU?si=zinbHGICByKSpCYE
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuromuscular_junction", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetylcholinesterase_inhibitor", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tensilon_test", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neostigmine", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edrophonium", "https://en.wikipedi...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Dentistry/4.mp4
Based on the content of the video, if the patient is confirmed to have the disease demonstrated in the video, which medication can be used to alleviate the symptoms?
videos/Dentistry/4.mp4
{ "A": "Ibuprofen", "B": "Pyridostigmine", "C": "Neostigmine", "D": "Edrophonium", "E": "Fluoxetine" }
multiple-choice
validation_874
E
https://youtu.be/jwy41Q6A2rU?si=zinbHGICByKSpCYE
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myasthenia_gravis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluoxetine", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacology_of_antidepressants" ], "rationale": "The video demonstrates the Tensilon test, used to diagnose myasthenia gravis. Based on the content of the vid...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Dentistry/4.mp4
Which of the following medications is most likely contributing to the exacerbation of the symptom?
videos/Dentistry/4.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_875
diaphragm
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UDRHWobKufU
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thoracic_diaphragm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respiratory_system" ], "rationale": "The green balloon at the bottom of the lung model in the video represents the diaphragm. It demonstrates the diaphragm's role in breathing by mimicking its expansion and...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Basic_Medicine/25.mp4
In the model constructed in the video, the green balloon represents the **_____**.
videos/Basic_Medicine/25.mp4
{ "A": "the exchange of gases between inspired air and blood", "B": "Maintain blood circulation in the body", "C": "Dispose of the food", "D": "Provide motor capacity", "E": "Produce hormonal secretions" }
multiple-choice
validation_876
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UDRHWobKufU
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary_alveolus", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respiratory_system", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lung", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_exchange" ], "rationale": "Based on the process and structure of creating a model from the video, it can...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Basic_Medicine/25.mp4
What is the main function of the model organ shown in the video in the human body?
videos/Basic_Medicine/25.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_877
excursion
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qpBYYol2YNs
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_examination", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary_examination", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respiratory_system", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Objective_structured_clinical_examination", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asphyxiating_t...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Clinical_Medicine/31.mp4
At the end of the video, the doctor used a specific physical examination technique to examine the patient. This technique is also known as respiratory ____.
videos/Clinical_Medicine/31.mp4
{ "A": "Palpation", "B": "Inspection", "C": "Both A and B", "D": "Percussion", "E": "Auscultation" }
multiple-choice
validation_878
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qpBYYol2YNs
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_examination", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auscultation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percussion_(medicine)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respiratory_examination", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palpation" ], "rationale": "In the...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Clinical_Medicine/31.mp4
Which step of the chest examination is shown in the video?
videos/Clinical_Medicine/31.mp4
{ "A": "Increased tactile fremitus over the lower lobes due to pneumonia", "B": "Asymmetrical chest expansion indicating a unilateral pleural effusion", "C": "Hyperresonant percussion notes over the right lung due to pneumothorax", "D": "Fine inspiratory crackles at the lung bases due to pulmonary fibrosis", ...
multiple-choice
validation_879
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qpBYYol2YNs
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respiratory_examination", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thoracic_duct", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleural_effusion", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulmonology" ], "rationale": "The final part of the video demonstrates palpation as part of the ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Clinical_Medicine/31.mp4
In the chest examination demonstrated at the end of the video, the doctor uses a specific method to examine the patient. Which of the following clinical findings is most likely to be detected through this particular examination technique?
videos/Clinical_Medicine/31.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_880
RNA polymerase
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HgBR8cCAgWE
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RNA_polymerase", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_expression", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messenger_RNA", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcription_(biology)" ], "rationale": "In the biological process described in the video, the codons on ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Clinical_Medicine/32.mp4
In the biological process described in the video, the brown substance depicted is ______.
videos/Clinical_Medicine/32.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_881
structural
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z1oUmFdjBLM
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_unemployment", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_restructuring", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unemployment", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labour_economics" ], "rationale": "The video mentions technological innovations such as the...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Economics/15.mp4
Unemployment caused by changes in video, is known as **__________** unemployment.
videos/Economics/15.mp4
{ "A": "Structural unemployment", "B": "Cyclic unemployment", "C": "Hidden unemployment", "D": "Frictional unemployment", "E": "Seasonal unemployment" }
multiple-choice
validation_882
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z1oUmFdjBLM
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_unemployment", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technological_change", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technological_unemployment", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_restructuring" ], "rationale": "The video mentions technological innov...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Economics/15.mp4
What type of unemployment might be caused by the scenario shown in the video?
videos/Economics/15.mp4
{ "A": "They evolved into the modern letters by completely abandoning the original symbols.", "B": "The original system could represent both consonants and vowels effectively.", "C": "They influenced English alphabets through direct inheritance.", "D": "The Chinese increased the number of consonant symbols in t...
multiple-choice
validation_883
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FNLlV7aOeE4
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egyptian_hieroglyphs", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoenician_alphabet", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Greek_alphabet" ], "rationale": "The video demonstrates the Phoenician alphabet system. The limited number of letters in the Phoenic...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Literature/10.mp4
Watch letters in the video. Choose the correct one from the following options.
videos/Literature/10.mp4
{ "A": "These hieroglyphs, combining phonetic and symbolic elements, did not directly influence the development of alphabetic scripts.", "B": "The adaptation of these hieroglyphs into proto-alphabetic scripts paved the way for the Phoenician and Greek alphabets, profoundly impacting literary traditions.", "C": "H...
multiple-choice
validation_884
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FNLlV7aOeE4
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Sinaitic_script", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_alphabet", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoenician_alphabet", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_writing", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egyptian_hieroglyphs" ], "rationale": ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Literature/10.mp4
Based on the hieroglyphs depicted in the video, which of the following statements best describes the influence of the hieroglyphs on the evolution of writing systems relevant to literature?
videos/Literature/10.mp4
{ "A": "The pictorial nature of hieroglyphs limited their use to monumental inscriptions, preventing their application in extensive literary works.", "B": "The sacred status of hieroglyphs restricted their use to religious texts, inhibiting the development of secular literature.", "C": "The complexity of hierogly...
multiple-choice
validation_885
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FNLlV7aOeE4
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egyptian_hieroglyphs", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_literature", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_writing" ], "rationale": "The hieroglyphic writing system, with its phonetic and ideographic elements, enriched literary express...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Literature/10.mp4
Based on the hieroglyphs shown in the video, which of the following statements best explains how the nature of hieroglyphic writing influenced literary expression in its time?
videos/Literature/10.mp4
{ "A": "Irradiation", "B": "Sterilization", "C": "Depositing", "D": "Freeze", "E": "Adsorbing" }
multiple-choice
validation_886
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B30OOpg0s4Y
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autoclave", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biotechnology", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sterilization_(microbiology)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultraviolet_germicidal_irradiation" ], "rationale": "Media and containers used in their preparatio...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/23.mp4
What is the purpose of the operation of the experimental operator in the video?
videos/Biomedical_Engineering/23.mp4
{ "A": "Because it inactivates prions by denaturing their protein structure.", "B": "Because it kills microorganisms by dehydrating their cytoplasm.", "C": "Because it destroys bacteria through coagulation of proteins caused by moist heat under pressure.", "D": "Because it removes all organic contaminants by ox...
multiple-choice
validation_887
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B30OOpg0s4Y
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moist_heat_sterilization", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autoclave", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sterilization_(microbiology)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomedical_waste" ], "rationale": "In the video, a technician sterilizes animal cages b...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/23.mp4
Which of the following best explains why the shown operation is effective?
videos/Biomedical_Engineering/23.mp4
{ "A": "Malaria", "B": "Dengue Fever", "C": "Leptospirosis", "D": "Brucellosis", "E": "Typhoid Fever" }
multiple-choice
validation_888
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=72S1Zj8EYoc
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_typhoid_fever", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typhoid_fever" ], "rationale": "The video shows three symptoms of Typhoid Fever: fever, vomiting, and rose-colored spots", "subject": "Preventive Medicine", "textbook": "Public Health and Preventi...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Preventive_Medicine/13.mp4
Which of the following diseases' symptoms might be depicted in the video?
videos/Preventive_Medicine/13.mp4
{ "A": "Schistosoma mansoni", "B": "Hepatitis E virus", "C": "Dengue virus", "D": "Salmonella typhi", "E": "Plasmodium vivax" }
multiple-choice
validation_889
D
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=72S1Zj8EYoc
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salmonella_enterica", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typhoid_fever" ], "rationale": "The video shows typhoid fever, which can be caused by Leptospira interrogans", "subject": "Preventive Medicine", "textbook": "Public Health and Preventive Medicine, 15th...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Preventive_Medicine/13.mp4
Which of the following organisms is most likely responsible for their illness?
videos/Preventive_Medicine/13.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_890
ohmic
https://youtu.be/0_kSt5mcaUo?si=Loher_3qbRE0Y24u
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_resistance_and_conductance", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_power_transmission", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joule_heating" ], "rationale": "The video attributes the heating of a ceiling fan and fluorescent tube light to energy los...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electrical_Engineering/29.mp4
In the video, these electrical devices also waste energy for various reasons during operation. The primary form of energy loss shown in the video is ________ loss.
videos/Electrical_Engineering/29.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_891
Depression
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BcgyPJWclEw
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Depression", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_depression", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recession", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" ], "rationale": "The analysis identifies that the video shows two circles fillin...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Economics/16.mp4
Based on the video, these countries are experiencing an economic **______**.
videos/Economics/16.mp4
{ "A": "Significant technological changes disrupting traditional industries", "B": "Long-term imbalance in government finances and excessive debt burden", "C": "Aging population leading to a reduction in the labor force", "D": "International sanctions leading to trade disruptions", "E": "High levels of inflat...
multiple-choice
validation_892
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BcgyPJWclEw
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_sovereign_debt_crises", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_depression", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_government-debt_crisis" ], "rationale": "The video depicts the concept of economic depression, which can be caused by Long-term imba...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Economics/16.mp4
What might be the cause of the scene in the video?
videos/Economics/16.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_893
Doppler
https://youtu.be/ieVnaPnPzT0?si=qUdaOf8EBggKYgkX
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doppler_effect", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redshift", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_sensor_microwave/imager" ], "rationale": "The video explains how a microwave sensor utilizes the Doppler effect, demonstrated as 'Red Shift' and 'Blue Shift...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electrical_Engineering/30.mp4
Based on the different states of the tested object, the signal received by the sensor changes accordingly. In the specific scenario demonstrated in the video, the phenomenon is referred to as the ______ effect.
videos/Electrical_Engineering/30.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_894
X-ray diffractometer
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=07iZ7-IEyYE&t=353s
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wave_interference", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray_crystallography", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray_diffraction", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bragg%27s_law" ], "rationale": "The key features exhibits in the video, such as a large circu...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Modern_Physics/17.mp4
Based on the experiment and images shown in the video, the machine demonstrated in the video is most likely an ________.
videos/Modern_Physics/17.mp4
{ "A": "Smaller first, then bigger", "B": "Smaller", "C": "Cyclically increases and decreases", "D": "Bigger first, then smaller", "E": "Bigger" }
multiple-choice
validation_895
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=07iZ7-IEyYE&t=353s
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wave_interference", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angle_of_incidence_(optics)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray_diffraction", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bragg%27s_law" ], "rationale": "The grazing angle becomes smaller in the video, so the ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Modern_Physics/17.mp4
How does the reflection level changes in the video?
videos/Modern_Physics/17.mp4
{ "A": "Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM)", "B": "Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectrometer", "C": "Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometer (RBS)", "D": "X-ray Diffractometer (XRD)", "E": "Atomic Force Microscope (AFM)" }
multiple-choice
validation_896
D
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=07iZ7-IEyYE&t=353s
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffractometer", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scanning_electron_microscope", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_force_microscopy", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_magnetic_resonance", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_microscope" ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Modern_Physics/17.mp4
Based on the description of the apparatus in the video, which scientific instrument is most likely depicted, and used for material analysis in the field of Modern Physics?
videos/Modern_Physics/17.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_897
neutral
https://youtu.be/d6Eq2KRtE90?si=V4-kfI1ILUslNhH4
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ground_and_neutral", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_wiring_in_North_America", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AC_power_plugs_and_sockets" ], "rationale": "In the video, the wider left prong corresponds to the neutral conductor. The polarized pl...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electrical_Engineering/31.mp4
In a polarized electrical plug, as shown in the video, the left prong corresponds to the _____ conductor.
videos/Electrical_Engineering/31.mp4
{ "A": "There are three plugs in the video", "B": "Changing the direction of the plug may not necessarily allow it to be inserted into the socket", "C": "There are four plugs in the video", "D": "The plug can be inserted into the socket in both directions", "E": "The plug must be inserted at a specific angle ...
multiple-choice
validation_898
B
https://youtu.be/d6Eq2KRtE90?si=V4-kfI1ILUslNhH4
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ground_(electricity)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_current", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_connector", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AC_power_plugs_and_sockets" ], "rationale": "The video demonstrates polarized sockets and pl...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electrical_Engineering/31.mp4
Which of the following statements about the plug in the video is correct?
videos/Electrical_Engineering/31.mp4
{ "A": "Because it allows the plug to be inserted more easily in low-light conditions, improving user convenience.", "B": "Because it ensures that the plug only fits into specially designed outlets, preventing use with incompatible electrical systems.", "C": "Because it is intended to prevent children from insert...
multiple-choice
validation_899
E
https://youtu.be/d6Eq2KRtE90?si=V4-kfI1ILUslNhH4
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_safety_testing", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ground_and_neutral", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_current", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AC_power_plugs_and_sockets" ], "rationale": "Polarized plugs, with one prong wider, ensur...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electrical_Engineering/31.mp4
What is the purpose of this design?
videos/Electrical_Engineering/31.mp4