choices dict | question_type stringclasses 2
values | id stringlengths 12 14 | answer stringlengths 1 40 | youtube_url stringlengths 42 92 | metadata dict | video stringlengths 75 102 | question stringlengths 26 432 | video_path stringlengths 16 43 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
{
"A": "Glycopyrrolate",
"B": "Amoxicillin",
"C": "Ibuprofen",
"D": "Aspirin",
"E": "Lisinopril"
} | multiple-choice | validation_700 | A | https://youtu.be/3kPj7ZNhn1Q?si=Vm-DRDkfALJfmYjb | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anticholinergic",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycopyrronium_bromide",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacology"
],
"rationale": "The video illustrates the symptom of sweating, which can be alleviated with Glycopyrrolate",
"subject": "Pharmacy",
... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Pharmacy/22.mp4 | Which of the following drugs can suppress the symptoms in the video? | videos/Pharmacy/22.mp4 |
{
"A": "",
"B": "",
"C": "",
"D": "",
"E": ""
} | open-ended | validation_701 | 2 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z2SoqSljyCQ | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-balancing_binary_search_tree",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B-tree",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree_(abstract_data_type)"
],
"rationale": "In the depicted B-tree, nodes split upon inserting a third key, indicating a maximum of 2 keys per node... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/38.mp4 | The minimum degree t of the shown data stucture is ______. | videos/Computer_Science/38.mp4 |
{
"A": "",
"B": "",
"C": "",
"D": "",
"E": ""
} | open-ended | validation_702 | 2.5 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SPkICKZAVzY | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modulation_index",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequency_deviation",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequency_modulation"
],
"rationale": "The video shows the content and changes of the signal generator and signal analyzer displays. The video indicate... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electronics_and_Communication/17.mp4 | In the video, the modulation index of the FM signal is ____. | videos/Electronics_and_Communication/17.mp4 |
{
"A": "An FM signal whose spectrum contains only the carrier and sidebands at multiples of the modulating frequency.",
"B": "An AM signal with a carrier frequency of 500 kHz and a modulating frequency of 20 kHz.",
"C": "A PM (Phase Modulated) signal with a square wave modulating signal.",
"D": "A continuous-wa... | multiple-choice | validation_703 | E | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SPkICKZAVzY | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequency_deviation",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequency-shift_keying",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase_modulation",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequency_modulation"
],
"rationale": "In the video, a function generator outputs a 500 kHz... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electronics_and_Communication/17.mp4 | Which of the following best describes the nature of the modulated signal produced under these settings in the video? | videos/Electronics_and_Communication/17.mp4 |
{
"A": "",
"B": "",
"C": "",
"D": "",
"E": ""
} | open-ended | validation_704 | rolling shutter | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=McSBnioiYY8 | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_shutter",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shutter_(photography)",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_camera"
],
"rationale": "The video shows a jelly effect occurring as the airplane moves, with originally vertical objects appearing tilted, dist... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Art/11.mp4 | Based on the footage shown in the video, which type of shutter is most likely used by the camera? | videos/Art/11.mp4 |
{
"A": "",
"B": "",
"C": "",
"D": "",
"E": ""
} | open-ended | validation_705 | 0.866 c | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hgtHagwvLOM | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorentz_factor",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proper_length",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Length_contraction",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_relativity"
],
"rationale": "Using the principles of special relativity, the speed of the space... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Modern_Physics/12.mp4 | According to the principles of special relativity, if the final length L of the spacecraft shown in the video is 4 m, the speed ‘v’ of the spacecraft relative to Earth is approximately _______ c (to three decimal places). | videos/Modern_Physics/12.mp4 |
{
"A": "",
"B": "",
"C": "",
"D": "",
"E": ""
} | open-ended | validation_706 | Crypsis | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-0IoZ3X3RcA | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octopus",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mimicry",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adaptive_Coloration_in_Animals",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crypsis"
],
"rationale": "The octopus changes its skin color and texture to match the coral reef, demons... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biology/7.mp4 | The animal in the video is demonstrating an adaptation known as **__________**. | videos/Biology/7.mp4 |
{
"A": "Mullerian mimicry",
"B": "polymorphism",
"C": "aposematism",
"D": "Batesian mimicry",
"E": "crypsis"
} | multiple-choice | validation_707 | E | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-0IoZ3X3RcA | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%BCllerian_mimicry",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crypsis",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batesian_mimicry",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giant_Pacific_octopus",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mimicry"
],
"rationale": "The octopus change... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biology/7.mp4 | What kind of coloration is shown in the video? | videos/Biology/7.mp4 |
{
"A": "Melanophores and neuromasts",
"B": "Iridophores and statocysts",
"C": "Photophores and hydrostatic skeleton",
"D": "Chromatophores and dermal papillae",
"E": "Melanocytes and osteoderms"
} | multiple-choice | validation_708 | D | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-0IoZ3X3RcA | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octopus",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camouflage",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cephalopod",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromatophore"
],
"rationale": "In the video, an octopus changes its color and texture to blend in with a coral reef, bec... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biology/7.mp4 | Which combination of specialized cells and structures allows the bahavior of the animal? | videos/Biology/7.mp4 |
{
"A": "",
"B": "",
"C": "",
"D": "",
"E": ""
} | open-ended | validation_709 | drive | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KgvhUPiDdq8 | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_drive",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRISPR",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aedes_aegypti",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mendelian_inheritance"
],
"rationale": "In video, CRISPR is used to edit mosquito genomes, making modified genes more p... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/17.mp4 | The phenomenon illustrated in the video, is called a gene ______. | videos/Biomedical_Engineering/17.mp4 |
{
"A": "Heterogeneous transmission",
"B": "Geographical isolation",
"C": "Gene drive",
"D": "Natural selection",
"E": "Climate impact"
} | multiple-choice | validation_710 | C | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KgvhUPiDdq8 | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_insect-borne_diseases",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytoplasmic_incompatibility",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_drive",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolbachia",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aedes_aegypti"
],
"rationale": "The... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/17.mp4 | What phenomenon is reflected in the video? | videos/Biomedical_Engineering/17.mp4 |
{
"A": "cohesion coefficient",
"B": "slope geometry",
"C": "soil properties",
"D": "angle",
"E": "plasticity index"
} | multiple-choice | validation_711 | D | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5ymdlrXhHSw | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_properties_of_soil",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shear_strength_(soil)",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geotechnical_engineering",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slope_stability"
],
"rationale": "The video demonstrates evaluating slope st... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Civil_Engineering/23.mp4 | Which metric is used to measure slope stability of different materials in the video? | videos/Civil_Engineering/23.mp4 |
{
"A": "",
"B": "",
"C": "",
"D": "",
"E": ""
} | open-ended | validation_712 | genu recurvatum | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7FzZxiFq56Q | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Craniosynostosis",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tibial_plateau_fracture",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genu_recurvatum"
],
"rationale": "In the video, the patient's PPTA of 105 degrees, compared to the normal 81 degrees, indicates a sagittal plane de... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/18.mp4 | In the video, the patient indicates a deformity known as **_____**. | videos/Biomedical_Engineering/18.mp4 |
{
"A": "Medication",
"B": "Chemotherapy",
"C": "Physiotherapy",
"D": "Image-guided surgery",
"E": "Radiation therapy"
} | multiple-choice | validation_713 | D | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7FzZxiFq56Q | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image-guided_surgery",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomedical_engineering",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functional_imaging",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_imaging"
],
"rationale": "In the video, the imaging of a nail in the leg bone is... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/18.mp4 | What kind of treatment technology is shown in the video? | videos/Biomedical_Engineering/18.mp4 |
{
"A": "Genu valgum (knock-knee)",
"B": "Genu recurvatum (knee hyperextension)",
"C": "Genu varum (bow-leg)",
"D": "Femoral anteversion",
"E": "External tibial torsion"
} | multiple-choice | validation_714 | B | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7FzZxiFq56Q | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image-guided_surgery",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genu_valgum",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genu_recurvatum"
],
"rationale": "The surgical procedure corrects genu recurvatum, indicated by an increased posterior proximal tibial angle from the norma... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/18.mp4 | Which of the following deformities is most likely being corrected? | videos/Biomedical_Engineering/18.mp4 |
{
"A": "500 mg every 8 hours",
"B": "250 mg every 8 hours",
"C": "500 mg every 12 hours",
"D": "250 mg every 12 hours",
"E": "Amoxicillin is contraindicated in renal impairment for this patient"
} | multiple-choice | validation_715 | C | https://youtu.be/4zQ0aiaMA7U?si=0b8Nn7v4_xHt8Jp5 | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kidney_failure",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonsteroidal_anti-inflammatory_drug",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amoxicillin",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiplatelet_drug"
],
"rationale": "1. CrCl = ((140 - Age) * Weight) / (72 * Serum Creat... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Pharmacy/23.mp4 | Which of the following dosing regimens is most appropriate for this patient in the video? | videos/Pharmacy/23.mp4 |
{
"A": "Market Culture",
"B": "Hierarchy Culture",
"C": "Clan Culture",
"D": "Adhocracy Culture",
"E": "Divisional Culture"
} | multiple-choice | validation_716 | C | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CVPjH41CLl8 | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clan",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Participatory_management",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizational_culture"
],
"rationale": "The conference exhibits Clan Culture, as indicated by a participative setting with diverse speakers and a focus on co... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Management/11.mp4 | Based on the video description, which type of organizational culture is most likely being exhibited at the conference? | videos/Management/11.mp4 |
{
"A": "",
"B": "",
"C": "",
"D": "",
"E": ""
} | open-ended | validation_717 | evaporative cooling | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RGpNzoPeyS0 | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drinking_bird",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evaporative_cooler"
],
"rationale": "The drinking bird's motion is driven by evaporative cooling, which decreases the temperature on its head. This creates a temperature and pressure difference between its head ... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Thermodynamics/9.mp4 | In the video, the device's motion is primarily driven by **____**. | videos/Thermodynamics/9.mp4 |
{
"A": "High viscosity to resist flow and enhance thermal conductivity.",
"B": "Low specific heat capacity to rapidly change temperature with small heat input.",
"C": "High boiling point to remain liquid under heating and prevent vaporization.",
"D": "Minimal coefficient of thermal expansion to maintain volume ... | multiple-choice | validation_718 | E | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RGpNzoPeyS0 | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermodynamic_cycle",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_expansion",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drinking_bird",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific_heat_capacity"
],
"rationale": "According to the video, the liquid’s volume significantly ... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Thermodynamics/9.mp4 | Considering thermodynamic principles, which of the following properties must the red liquid possess to enable this continuous cycling behavior in the apparatus? | videos/Thermodynamics/9.mp4 |
{
"A": "The devices operate based on the Seebeck effect, converting thermal gradients directly into electrical energy to drive motion.",
"B": "Atmospheric pressure fluctuations cause periodic compression and expansion of the gas above the liquid, leading to the cycling motion.",
"C": "Evaporation at one end and h... | multiple-choice | validation_719 | C | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RGpNzoPeyS0 | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vapor_pressure",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermodynamic_cycle",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drinking_bird",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evaporative_cooler"
],
"rationale": "The drinking bird toy and the red liquid apparatus demonstrate th... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Thermodynamics/9.mp4 | Which of the following best explains the fundamental thermodynamic principle responsible for the continuous cycling motion observed in both devices? | videos/Thermodynamics/9.mp4 |
{
"A": "Stay still",
"B": "Ring slides up slower, disc slides up faster",
"C": "Ring slides up faster, disc slides up slower",
"D": "Ring falls faster, disc falls slower",
"E": "Falling at the same speed"
} | multiple-choice | validation_720 | D | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CHQOctEvtTY | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moment_of_inertia",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotation_around_a_fixed_axis",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton%27s_laws_of_motion",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_fall"
],
"rationale": "In the video, the two objects fall together, both ... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Mechanics/26.mp4 | What are the relative tendencies of the ring and disc on the board in the video? | videos/Mechanics/26.mp4 |
{
"A": "The wooden object reaches the bottom before the metal object, and a greater fraction of its total kinetic energy is rotational than that of the metal object.",
"B": "Both reach the bottom at the same time, but the metal object has less total kinetic energy than the wooden object.",
"C": "The wooden object... | multiple-choice | validation_721 | C | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CHQOctEvtTY | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservation_of_energy",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moment_of_inertia",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotation_around_a_fixed_axis",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instant_centre_of_rotation",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinetic_energy"
],
... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Mechanics/26.mp4 | Which of the following statements is correct regarding their motion and the distribution of their kinetic energy at the bottom? | videos/Mechanics/26.mp4 |
{
"A": "Pathogenesis",
"B": "Diagnosis",
"C": "Etiology",
"D": "Prognosis",
"E": "Morphologic changes"
} | multiple-choice | validation_722 | C | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RZshKrP3PEw | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiology",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathogenesis"
],
"rationale": "The video shows several causes of emotional burnout, which falls under the etiology, one of the four aspects that constitute the core pathological disease process.",
"subject": "Basic... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Basic_Medicine/21.mp4 | There are four aspects of a disease process that form the core of pathology. Which of these does the video show? | videos/Basic_Medicine/21.mp4 |
{
"A": "",
"B": "",
"C": "",
"D": "",
"E": ""
} | open-ended | validation_723 | 2.4 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2737CWLp8dw | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variable-length_code",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huffman_coding",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lossless_compression",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_compression"
],
"rationale": "The analysis calculates the average number of bits per char... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/39.mp4 | The average number of bits per character in the encoded word is **__**. | videos/Computer_Science/39.mp4 |
{
"A": "branch and bound",
"B": "backtracking",
"C": "greedy algorithm",
"D": "Dynamic programming",
"E": "divide and conquer"
} | multiple-choice | validation_724 | C | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2737CWLp8dw | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greedy_algorithm",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huffman_coding",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_compression"
],
"rationale": "The video shows the process of Huffman coding, which uses greedy algorithm in the way it combines the two nodes with the ... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/39.mp4 | What kind of idea of algorithm is used in solving the problem in the video? | videos/Computer_Science/39.mp4 |
{
"A": "This code assigns equal-length codes to all symbols to ensure uniformity.",
"B": "This code is a prefix code that is optimal for the given symbol frequencies.",
"C": "This code may produce codes that are not uniquely decodable without additional information.",
"D": "This code requires that symbol freque... | multiple-choice | validation_725 | B | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2737CWLp8dw | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lossless_compression",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variable-length_code",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huffman_coding",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prefix_code",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_compression"
],
"rationale": "The video ... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/39.mp4 | Which of the following statements correctly describes a property of this coding process? | videos/Computer_Science/39.mp4 |
{
"A": "When multiple symbols have the same frequency, the structure of the coding tree and the resulting codes can vary, leading to different possible optimal codes.",
"B": "When multiple symbols have the same frequency, the coding assigns identical codewords to those symbols, causing ambiguity.",
"C": "When mul... | multiple-choice | validation_726 | A | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2737CWLp8dw | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huffman_coding",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prefix_code",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lossless_compression",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_compression"
],
"rationale": "The video shows the process of Huffman coding. When symbols have equ... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/39.mp4 | Which of the following statements correctly describes a potential issue when multiple symbols have the same frequency in the shown coding algorithm? | videos/Computer_Science/39.mp4 |
{
"A": "Fixed-length binary code needs 5 bits; The coding algorithm in the video needs 5 bits",
"B": "Fixed-length binary code needs 10 bits; The coding algorithm in the video needs 6 bits",
"C": "Fixed-length binary code needs 15 bits; The coding algorithm in the video needs 12 bits",
"D": "Fixed-length binary... | multiple-choice | validation_727 | C | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2737CWLp8dw | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_code",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lossless_compression",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variable-length_code",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huffman_coding",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_compression"
],
"rationale": "In fixed-l... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/39.mp4 | Assuming we encode the unique letters using a fixed-length binary code instead, which of the following correctly states the number of bits required to encode 'PETER'? What is the number of bits required to encode 'PETER' using the coding algorithm in the video? | videos/Computer_Science/39.mp4 |
{
"A": "",
"B": "",
"C": "",
"D": "",
"E": ""
} | open-ended | validation_728 | sump | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7vUWs8xvM-4 | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flood_management",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustainable_Groundwater_Management_Act",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sump_pump",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dewatering"
],
"rationale": "As shown in the video, the team is using 'sump' pumping ... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Civil_Engineering/24.mp4 | In the video, the team is using a direct method known as **_____** pumping. | videos/Civil_Engineering/24.mp4 |
{
"A": "involves applying physical barriers and membranes",
"B": "uses heat to evaporate excess moisture from the soil",
"C": "employs pressure grouting techniques to displace water from soil",
"D": "relies on chemical treatments to solidify the soil and reduce moisture content",
"E": "involves lowering the g... | multiple-choice | validation_729 | E | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7vUWs8xvM-4 | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pressure_grouting",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groundwater",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dewatering",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digging"
],
"rationale": "The team members in the video are operating large water pipes to pump water from the... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Civil_Engineering/24.mp4 | What is the primary method used for dewatering in the video? | videos/Civil_Engineering/24.mp4 |
{
"A": "Soil instability and potential for differential settlement due to rapid dewatering altering pore water pressures in surrounding foundation soils.",
"B": "Contamination of groundwater from pollutants dispersed during pumping operations.",
"C": "Increased external hydrostatic pressure on basement walls lead... | multiple-choice | validation_730 | A | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7vUWs8xvM-4 | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_consolidation",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrostatics",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dewatering",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engineering_geology"
],
"rationale": "The most immediate concern in dewatering the flooded basemen is soil i... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Civil_Engineering/24.mp4 | Based on the scenario shown in the video, which of the following potential risks should be the most immediate concern for civil engineers overseeing the operation? | videos/Civil_Engineering/24.mp4 |
{
"A": "",
"B": "",
"C": "",
"D": "",
"E": ""
} | open-ended | validation_731 | anosmia | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RxTA_LGCurY | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sense_of_smell",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_polymorphism",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olfactory_receptor",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anosmia"
],
"rationale": "The man's repetitive sniffing and lack of reaction to strong odors shown ... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Neurobiology/24.mp4 | In the video, the man's condition is known as **______________**. | videos/Neurobiology/24.mp4 |
{
"A": "",
"B": "",
"C": "",
"D": "",
"E": ""
} | open-ended | validation_732 | Stirling | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gCqVuzcZkJQ | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stirling_engine",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat_engine",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_law_of_thermodynamics",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanical_energy"
],
"rationale": "The device exemplifies a heat engine that converts thermal... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Thermodynamics/10.mp4 | The device is an example of a _____ engine(Be specific). | videos/Thermodynamics/10.mp4 |
{
"A": "Modulating Ion Channels",
"B": "Inhibiting Acid Production",
"C": "Increasing Dopamine Levels",
"D": "Blocking Calcium Channels",
"E": "Stimulating Beta-Adrenergic Receptors"
} | multiple-choice | validation_733 | A | https://youtu.be/QIZfdQDA-aQ?si=t_QXNKUFMfKkUIEO | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Channel_modulator",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anticonvulsant",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenytoin"
],
"rationale": "The patient in the video collapses and experiences convulsions while playing cards, suggesting symptoms of epilepsy. Modulating... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Pharmacy/24.mp4 | What is the mechanism of action of using drugs to relieve this symptom? | videos/Pharmacy/24.mp4 |
{
"A": "Reacts vigorously with air",
"B": "soluble in oil",
"C": "black color",
"D": "Soft Alkali metal",
"E": "Insoluble in water"
} | multiple-choice | validation_734 | D | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vxqe_ZOwsHs | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkali_metal",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reactivity_series",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HSAB_theory"
],
"rationale": "From the video, it can be observed that the solid is stored in a liquid similar to... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Chemistry/9.mp4 | Based on the phenomena observed in the video, which of the following options does describe a physical property of the solid substance? | videos/Chemistry/9.mp4 |
{
"A": "To determine the hardness of the solid substance.",
"B": "To test if the solid substance reacts chemically when electrified.",
"C": "To demonstrate the magnetic properties of the solid substance.",
"D": "To test the electrical conductivity of the solid substance.",
"E": "To observe if the solid substa... | multiple-choice | validation_735 | D | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vxqe_ZOwsHs | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkali_metal",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrolysis",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reactivity_series",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_resistivity_and_conductivity"
],
"rationale": "The setup shown in the video with a battery pack ... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Chemistry/9.mp4 | Based on the observations described in the video, what was the primary purpose of using the small electrical device during the experiment? | videos/Chemistry/9.mp4 |
{
"A": "The solid is magnesium; it reacts with water producing hydrogen gas and magnesium dihydroxide, and the liquid in the beaker is an acid-base indicator turning color indicating a basic solution.",
"B": "The solid is sodium; it reacts with water producing hydrogen gas and sodium hydroxide, and the liquid in th... | multiple-choice | validation_736 | B | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vxqe_ZOwsHs | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkali_metal",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenolphthalein",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_carbonate"
],
"rationale": "The solid is identified as sodium based on its soft, shiny appearance, typical o... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Chemistry/9.mp4 | Which of the following best explains the reactions in the video? | videos/Chemistry/9.mp4 |
{
"A": "",
"B": "",
"C": "",
"D": "",
"E": ""
} | open-ended | validation_737 | temperature distribution | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vqi8mzzIml0 | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Composite_material",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curing_(chemistry)",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_interface_material",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molding_(process)"
],
"rationale": "The switch to a metal mold in the curing process a... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Materials_Science/10.mp4 | Considering the factors influencing the industrial processes demonstrated in the video, the metal mold is made to improve the control of ______ during the process. | videos/Materials_Science/10.mp4 |
{
"A": "The temperature at point T3 is always the highest",
"B": "The ambient temperature greatly influences the shown process",
"C": "Temperature of the prepreg during the process not exceeding 100 degrees Celsius",
"D": "No gas emissions occur during the process",
"E": "The mold is made of ceramic material ... | multiple-choice | validation_738 | D | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vqi8mzzIml0 | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Composite_material",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon-fiber_reinforced_polymer",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pre-preg",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermosetting_polymer"
],
"rationale": "The video shows the curing process of preprog. Afte... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Materials_Science/10.mp4 | Which is incorrect about the shown process? | videos/Materials_Science/10.mp4 |
{
"A": "The first two balls are magnet balls. There are magnets under the tube, and the balls are driven downward.",
"B": "The second time the two small balls are magnet balls, there are magnets under the tube, and the small balls are subject to upward resistance.",
"C": "The second time, the two small balls are ... | multiple-choice | validation_739 | C | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IzNh6TbzwUs&list=PL_R7YJHCNd4eSlkX9YX0V4_UcWYCeMpk7&index=12 | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_susceptibility",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenz%27s_law",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddy_current",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_induction"
],
"rationale": "The first time the two balls fall is a free fall motion. ... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electrical_Engineering/26.mp4 | Why did the two balls fall slower in the second experiment than in the first? | videos/Electrical_Engineering/26.mp4 |
{
"A": "",
"B": "",
"C": "",
"D": "",
"E": ""
} | open-ended | validation_740 | derivational | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ROiLVF6ty-0 | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morphological_derivation",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affix",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morpheme",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Word_formation"
],
"rationale": "-ment in government is a derivational morpheme. This is because it changes the... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Literature/8.mp4 | In the first word shown in the video, **'-ment'** is an example of a __________ morpheme. | videos/Literature/8.mp4 |
{
"A": "4",
"B": "1",
"C": "2",
"D": "0",
"E": "3"
} | multiple-choice | validation_741 | C | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ROiLVF6ty-0 | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bound_and_free_morphemes",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morpheme",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morphology_(linguistics)",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Word_formation"
],
"rationale": "For the word “government”: “Govern” is the root morpheme th... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Literature/8.mp4 | In the four words in the video, how many bound morphemes are there? | videos/Literature/8.mp4 |
{
"A": "",
"B": "",
"C": "",
"D": "",
"E": ""
} | open-ended | validation_742 | greedy | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GYZ_T4n3yFo | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greedy_algorithm",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minimum_spanning_tree",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graph_theory",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamiltonian_path_problem"
],
"rationale": "In the video, the edges of least weight are selected to ... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/40.mp4 | The shown approach is an example of a(n) ______ algorithm. | videos/Computer_Science/40.mp4 |
{
"A": "Upper",
"B": "Neither Upper or Lower",
"C": "Lower",
"D": "Both Upper and Lower",
"E": "Delayed"
} | multiple-choice | validation_743 | C | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gfg87ca0YwM | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theory_of_relativity",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_dilation",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_relativity"
],
"rationale": "At the start of the video, the clock of B is faster than A, which means B is slower. So it is similar to the lower m... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Modern_Physics/13.mp4 | Which movement of time dilation at the end of the video is similar to the time dilation of B at the start of video? | videos/Modern_Physics/13.mp4 |
{
"A": "0.6 hours",
"B": "0.8 hours",
"C": "1.0 hour",
"D": "1.25 hours",
"E": "1.67 hours"
} | multiple-choice | validation_744 | E | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gfg87ca0YwM | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorentz_factor",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theory_of_relativity",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_dilation",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_relativity"
],
"rationale": "It is clearly observed that B's clock runs faster. Therefore, it... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Modern_Physics/13.mp4 | From Earth, one of the figures, A or B, remains stationary, while the other moves at 0.8 times the speed of light (0.8c). If B's stopwatch shows that 1 hour has passed, how much time has elapsed on A's stopwatch due to the time dilation effect in special relativity? | videos/Modern_Physics/13.mp4 |
{
"A": "",
"B": "",
"C": "",
"D": "",
"E": ""
} | open-ended | validation_745 | immunoglobulin E (IgE) | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AE2GXNGUIFM | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_allergy",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunoglobulin_E"
],
"rationale": "At the end of the video, the baby exhibits symptoms such as vomiting, indicating that the 'Y'-shaped cells are related to food allergies. Immunoglobulin E (IgE) is the primary f... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Clinical_Medicine/24.mp4 | The “Y”-shaped cell shown at the beginning of the video is most likely an ______. | videos/Clinical_Medicine/24.mp4 |
{
"A": "autoimmune response",
"B": "food allergy",
"C": "food intolerance",
"D": "histamine deficiency",
"E": "none of the above"
} | multiple-choice | validation_746 | B | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AE2GXNGUIFM | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_allergy",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histamine",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunoglobulin_E",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_intolerance",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allergy",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autoimmunity"
... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Clinical_Medicine/24.mp4 | What is the most likely cause of this reaction in the body? | videos/Clinical_Medicine/24.mp4 |
{
"A": "Interleukin-2 (IL-2)",
"B": "Interleukin-4 (IL-4)",
"C": "Interleukin-5 (IL-5)",
"D": "Interleukin-10 (IL-10)",
"E": "Interleukin-12 (IL-12)"
} | multiple-choice | validation_747 | B | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AE2GXNGUIFM | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_allergy",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypersensitivity",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunoglobulin_E",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interleukin_4",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interleukin_10",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inter... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Clinical_Medicine/24.mp4 | Based on the immune response and symptoms demonstrated in the video, and considering the underlying immune mechanisms, which interleukin plays a dominant role in this process and finally contributes to the symptoms? | videos/Clinical_Medicine/24.mp4 |
{
"A": "Reference object",
"B": "Real image",
"C": "Apparent image",
"D": "Control variable",
"E": "Virtual image"
} | multiple-choice | validation_748 | B | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tdcTmmCs1H4 | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_image",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image_formation",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plane_mirror",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_variable",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_image"
],
"rationale": "The right thing at the st... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Modern_Physics/14.mp4 | Which role the right thing at the start of the video plays in the experiment later? | videos/Modern_Physics/14.mp4 |
{
"A": "Reflective system",
"B": "Emotional Reactions",
"C": "Cognitive biases",
"D": "Decision Pressure",
"E": "Reactive system"
} | multiple-choice | validation_749 | A | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bItQoFUO5I4 | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decision-making",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognition",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_bias"
],
"rationale": "The Reflective System is a way of making decisions based on thoughtful, analytical and rational thinking, the Reactive System is ... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Management/12.mp4 | Which of the following most likely represents how brain process information in the video? | videos/Management/12.mp4 |
{
"A": "Reward Power",
"B": "Expert Power",
"C": "Legitimate Power",
"D": "Referent Power",
"E": "Informational Power"
} | multiple-choice | validation_750 | B | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bItQoFUO5I4 | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_influence",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_psychology",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_and_Raven%27s_bases_of_power",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organization"
],
"rationale": "The woman pointing at the document exercises Expe... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Management/12.mp4 | Based on the video, which type of social power is the woman pointing at the document most likely exercising over the seated woman? | videos/Management/12.mp4 |
{
"A": "Rational Persuasion",
"B": "Inspirational Appeal",
"C": "Ingratiation",
"D": "Personal Appeal",
"E": "Exchange"
} | multiple-choice | validation_751 | A | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bItQoFUO5I4 | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_proof",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leadership",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decision-making",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persuasion_(novel)"
],
"rationale": "The woman pointing at the document is using Rational Persuasion to influen... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Management/12.mp4 | Based on the video description, which influence tactic is the woman pointing at the document most likely using to influence the seated woman? | videos/Management/12.mp4 |
{
"A": "Tesla",
"B": "Newton",
"C": "Einstein",
"D": "Faraday",
"E": "Schrodinger"
} | multiple-choice | validation_752 | B | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UxtwLb6zCmk | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_mechanics",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Newton",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_gravitational_theory",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton%27s_law_of_universal_gravitation"
],
"rationale": "The video shows a football f... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Mechanics/27.mp4 | Which scientist discovered the phenomenon in the video? | videos/Mechanics/27.mp4 |
{
"A": "",
"B": "",
"C": "",
"D": "",
"E": ""
} | open-ended | validation_753 | differential weathering | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vftjQQUMewc | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erosion",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geological_formation",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mushroom_rock",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weathering"
],
"rationale": "The mushroom rock formation in the video results from differential weathering, ... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Civil_Engineering/25.mp4 | In the video, the process responsible for forming the rock shown in the video is called **__________ weathering**. | videos/Civil_Engineering/25.mp4 |
{
"A": "",
"B": "",
"C": "",
"D": "",
"E": ""
} | open-ended | validation_754 | hydrogel | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ec1oAQ-eoL4 | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogel",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biopolymer",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-assembly",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gelation"
],
"rationale": "Particles clump together, showing self-assembly into a network known as a hydrogel. Initia... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/19.mp4 | Assume the small blue particles in the video are oligopeptide, the structure formed by particle motion in the video is called __________. | videos/Biomedical_Engineering/19.mp4 |
{
"A": "Dissolve",
"B": "Hydrolyze",
"C": "Fission",
"D": "Degrade",
"E": "self-assembly"
} | multiple-choice | validation_755 | E | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ec1oAQ-eoL4 | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogel",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-assembling_peptide",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_self-assembly",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-covalent_interaction"
],
"rationale": "The video shows small molecules (protein-based hydr... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/19.mp4 | What process of molecules is shown in the video? | videos/Biomedical_Engineering/19.mp4 |
{
"A": "Electrostatic repulsion between charged particles",
"B": "Thermal diffusion leading to particle dispersion",
"C": "Molecular self-assembly driven by non-covalent interactions",
"D": "Mechanical fragmentation due to shear forces",
"E": "Chemical decomposition through hydrolysis"
} | multiple-choice | validation_756 | C | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ec1oAQ-eoL4 | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomaterial",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_self-assembly",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_protein",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-covalent_interaction",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogel"
],
"rationale": "Based on the... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/19.mp4 | Which of the following phenomena is most likely being demonstrated? | videos/Biomedical_Engineering/19.mp4 |
{
"A": "",
"B": "",
"C": "",
"D": "",
"E": ""
} | open-ended | validation_757 | Macrophages | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cn-bd3LdBPk | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immune_system",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macrophage",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioreactor",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunotherapy"
],
"rationale": "The bioreactor in the video produces macrophages as part of a novel immunotherapy. ... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/20.mp4 | In the video, the bioreactor is used to produce **________**. | videos/Biomedical_Engineering/20.mp4 |
{
"A": "Physiotherapy",
"B": "Chemotherapy",
"C": "Radiotherapy",
"D": "Immunotherapy",
"E": "Surgery"
} | multiple-choice | validation_758 | D | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cn-bd3LdBPk | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancer_immunotherapy",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancer_treatment",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomedical_sciences",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunotherapy"
],
"rationale": "The goals of immunotherapy are to (1) increase the efficiency... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/20.mp4 | What treatment is used in the video? | videos/Biomedical_Engineering/20.mp4 |
{
"A": "Development of synthetic antibiotics that bypass bacterial resistance mechanisms.",
"B": "Application of nanotechnology to deliver drugs directly to bacterial cells.",
"C": "Ex vivo expansion of macrophages to boost the patient's innate immune response.",
"D": "Utilization of CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing to... | multiple-choice | validation_759 | C | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cn-bd3LdBPk | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macrophage",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomedical_engineering",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Innate_immune_system",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunotherapy"
],
"rationale": "The biomedical engineering approach described involves the ex vi... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/20.mp4 | Which of the following best describes the shown biomedical engineering approach? | videos/Biomedical_Engineering/20.mp4 |
{
"A": "Development of bacteriophage therapy to specifically lyse bacterial cells, offering targeted action without affecting human cells.",
"B": "Utilization of monoclonal antibodies to neutralize bacterial toxins, providing passive immunity.",
"C": "Application of gene editing techniques to modify patient T-cel... | multiple-choice | validation_760 | E | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cn-bd3LdBPk | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antimicrobial_resistance",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Innate_immune_system",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macrophage",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunotherapy"
],
"rationale": "The biomedical strategy employed is the ex vivo expansion and ... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/20.mp4 | Which biomedical engineering strategy is being employed, and what is the primary advantage of this approach? | videos/Biomedical_Engineering/20.mp4 |
{
"A": "",
"B": "",
"C": "",
"D": "",
"E": ""
} | open-ended | validation_761 | debt | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n-SN4jQjbEU | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contract",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_of_obligations",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Debt"
],
"rationale": "The woman in the video signs the receipt after purchasing clothing, which creates a legal obligation known as a 'debt'. This signifies he... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Law/9.mp4 | In the scene described, the woman's action creates a legal obligation known as a **____**. | videos/Law/9.mp4 |
{
"A": "cannot be seen from the video",
"B": "bidirectional",
"C": "omnidirectional",
"D": "unidirectional",
"E": "circular"
} | multiple-choice | validation_762 | C | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tCxsbLI69Jw | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automated_guided_vehicle",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_steering",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanical_engineering",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Material-handling_equipment"
],
"rationale": "In the video, the AGV can move forward, ba... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Mechanical_Engineering/24.mp4 | In what directions can the AGV in the video travel? | videos/Mechanical_Engineering/24.mp4 |
{
"A": "",
"B": "",
"C": "",
"D": "",
"E": ""
} | open-ended | validation_763 | handoff | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JnsyG-_YIZ0 | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_telephony",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_site",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Handover",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellular_network"
],
"rationale": "In cellular networks, the process of transferring an ongoing communication sessi... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electronics_and_Communication/18.mp4 | In the video clip, the process where the red square moves along a path and connects with different blue squares is called ______. | videos/Electronics_and_Communication/18.mp4 |
{
"A": "21:9",
"B": "3:1",
"C": "4:3",
"D": "30:9",
"E": "2:1"
} | multiple-choice | validation_764 | C | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DxXUcze1w-Q | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fullscreen_(aspect_ratio)",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Grand_Budapest_Hotel",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspect_ratio_(image)"
],
"rationale": "As we can see from the video, this clip is taken from the movie 'The Grand Budapest Hotel', and th... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Art/12.mp4 | What kind of size of screen is best fit for the movie showed in the image | videos/Art/12.mp4 |
{
"A": "Alfred Hitchcock",
"B": "Wes Anderson",
"C": "Federico Fellini",
"D": "Orson Welles",
"E": "Jean-Luc Godard"
} | multiple-choice | validation_765 | B | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DxXUcze1w-Q | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_Hollywood_cinema",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Grand_Budapest_Hotel",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perspective_(graphical)",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wes_Anderson"
],
"rationale": "Anderson's films are known for their extreme... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Art/12.mp4 | Which filmmaker's style is most evidently reflected in the visual presentation of this scene? | videos/Art/12.mp4 |
{
"A": "1.37:1 (Standard 4:3)",
"B": "2.35:1 (CinemaScope Widescreen)",
"C": "1.85:1 (Modern Widescreen)",
"D": "16:9 (HDTV Standard)",
"E": "2:1 (Univisium)"
} | multiple-choice | validation_766 | A | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DxXUcze1w-Q | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fullscreen_(aspect_ratio)",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinematography",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Grand_Budapest_Hotel",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspect_ratio_(image)"
],
"rationale": "The scene is set in the 1930s, featuring young... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Art/12.mp4 | Which aspect ratio would be most appropriate for displaying the scene described? | videos/Art/12.mp4 |
{
"A": "",
"B": "",
"C": "",
"D": "",
"E": ""
} | open-ended | validation_767 | Seldinger | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BSfg30k6O1s | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airway_management",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seldinger_technique",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cricothyrotomy"
],
"rationale": "The medical professional is performing a percutaneous cricothyroidotomy using the Seldinger technique, as indicated b... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Clinical_Medicine/25.mp4 | The medical professional is demonstrating a surgical procedure using the **______** technique. | videos/Clinical_Medicine/25.mp4 |
{
"A": "",
"B": "",
"C": "",
"D": "",
"E": ""
} | open-ended | validation_768 | ferrofluid | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VS37udpo7TI&list=PL_R7YJHCNd4eSlkX9YX0V4_UcWYCeMpk7&index=11 | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_field",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flux_tube",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetism",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferrofluid"
],
"rationale": "In the experiment, a black viscous fluid, identified as a ferrofluid, contains magnetic... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electromagnetism/27.mp4 | In the experiment described, the lines forming a butterfly-like pattern are due to the alignment of particles in a **_______**. | videos/Electromagnetism/27.mp4 |
{
"A": "",
"B": "",
"C": "",
"D": "",
"E": ""
} | open-ended | validation_769 | capacitor | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=12HVgYDW65I | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_storage",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_field",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dielectric"
],
"rationale": "The configuration with two parallel plates separated by a distance, where one carr... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electrical_Engineering/27.mp4 | In the configuration shown in the video, this arrangement forms a basic electrical component known as a ______. | videos/Electrical_Engineering/27.mp4 |
{
"A": "",
"B": "",
"C": "",
"D": "",
"E": ""
} | open-ended | validation_770 | sodium | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yaZWMRgUVLg | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active_transport",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Membrane_potential",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_channel",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Action_potential"
],
"rationale": "In the video, during the generation of an action potential, the c... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Neurobiology/25.mp4 | the small blue dots most likely represent _____ ions. | videos/Neurobiology/25.mp4 |
{
"A": "Flow slower",
"B": "Accumulate outside the neuron",
"C": "Flow normally",
"D": "Stop flow",
"E": "Flow faster"
} | multiple-choice | validation_771 | C | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yaZWMRgUVLg | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassium_channel_blocker",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetraethylammonium",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurotransmission",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Action_potential",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion_channel"
],
"rationale": "When... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Neurobiology/25.mp4 | Considering this video shows an action potential of a neuron, If tetraethylammonium is applied to the neuron in this video, what will happen to the blue ion? | videos/Neurobiology/25.mp4 |
{
"A": "Blue dots would accumulate inside the neuron, leading to depolarization.",
"B": "Blue dots would be actively transported out of the neuron faster, causing hyperpolarization.",
"C": "Yellow dots would accumulate inside the neuron, leading to depolarization.",
"D": "Yellow dots would be actively transport... | multiple-choice | validation_772 | A | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yaZWMRgUVLg | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Depolarization",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ouabain",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltage-gated_ion_channel",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium%E2%80%93potassium_pump"
],
"rationale": "During the generation of an action potential, the cell... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Neurobiology/25.mp4 | Based on the video depicting ion movement across a neuronal membrane during an action potential, if ouabain is applied to the neuron in this video, which of the following is most likely to occur to the dots after prolonged exposure? | videos/Neurobiology/25.mp4 |
{
"A": "",
"B": "",
"C": "",
"D": "",
"E": ""
} | open-ended | validation_773 | HIV | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jbduy_jbs3A&t=15s | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T_helper_cell",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HIV",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reverse_transcriptase"
],
"rationale": "The video illustrates viruses attacking CD4 cells, showing their decline, which aligns with how HIV operates. HIV uses reverse tra... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Clinical_Medicine/26.mp4 | Based on the pathological changes described in the video, the black virus is ___________. | videos/Clinical_Medicine/26.mp4 |
{
"A": "",
"B": "",
"C": "",
"D": "",
"E": ""
} | open-ended | validation_774 | stepper | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vZsrHr1uNo0 | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stepper_motor"
],
"rationale": "A stepper motor is a Brushless DC electric motor that rotates in a series of small and discrete angular steps. This aligns with the motor features shown in the video.",
"subject": "Mechanical Engineering",
"textbook": "Industr... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Mechanical_Engineering/25.mp4 | The motor type shown in the video is most likely a(n) **_______** motor. | videos/Mechanical_Engineering/25.mp4 |
{
"A": "",
"B": "",
"C": "",
"D": "",
"E": ""
} | open-ended | validation_775 | n + k | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pvDIqjQgowk | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counting_sort",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorting_algorithm",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analysis_of_algorithms",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_complexity"
],
"rationale": "The video illustrates the Counting Sort. It operates in O(n + ... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/41.mp4 | Given that n is the number of elements and k is the range of input values. The worst-case time complexity of the demonstrated algorithm is O(____). | videos/Computer_Science/41.mp4 |
{
"A": "Gastric cancer",
"B": "Chronic obstructive lung disease",
"C": "Bladder cancer",
"D": "Hypertension",
"E": "Lung cancer"
} | multiple-choice | validation_776 | E | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b3WBQSvnFlI | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobacco_smoking",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lung_cancer",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_tobacco"
],
"rationale": "The video shows the process from the attempt to smoke to continuous heavy smoking, and heavy smoking leads to variou... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Basic_Medicine/22.mp4 | The video shows the development of a bad lifestyle associated with a variety of diseases, which is the most related? | videos/Basic_Medicine/22.mp4 |
{
"A": "",
"B": "",
"C": "",
"D": "",
"E": ""
} | open-ended | validation_777 | expansion | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dD1f3Oheuik | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gross_domestic_product",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_cycle",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_expansion"
],
"rationale": "The busy urban scene with active transportation, open businesses, and high consumer activity suggests that the ec... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Economics/12.mp4 | Based on the urban landscape depicted in the video, what phase of the economic cycle might the economy be in? | videos/Economics/12.mp4 |
{
"A": "expansion",
"B": "trough",
"C": "stagnation",
"D": "contraction",
"E": "recession"
} | multiple-choice | validation_778 | A | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dD1f3Oheuik | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_growth",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_cycle",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unemployment",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gross_domestic_product",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_expansion"
],
"rationale": "The street... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Economics/12.mp4 | The scene depicted in the video is most likely to occur in which stage of the economic cycle? | videos/Economics/12.mp4 |
{
"A": "Utilities",
"B": "Consumer Staples",
"C": "Healthcare",
"D": "Basic Materials",
"E": "Consumer Discretionary"
} | multiple-choice | validation_779 | E | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dD1f3Oheuik | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_analyst",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_cycle",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gross_domestic_product",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Industry_Classification_Standard",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_expansion"
... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Economics/12.mp4 | Based on the economic activity depicted in the video, which of the following sectors is an equity analyst most likely to recommend overweighting in an investment portfolio? | videos/Economics/12.mp4 |
{
"A": "Lower inflation expectations; Basic Materials sector.",
"B": "Higher consumer confidence levels; Consumer Discretionary sector.",
"C": "Increased unemployment rates; Healthcare sector.",
"D": "Decreased GDP growth forecasts; Utilities sector.",
"E": "Anticipated interest rate cuts; Financial Services ... | multiple-choice | validation_780 | B | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dD1f3Oheuik | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_expansion",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Industry_Classification_Standard",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_cycle",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consumer_confidence"
],
"rationale": "The urban scene, which includes a busy ... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Economics/12.mp4 | Based on the urban scene depicted in the video, an economic analyst is preparing a forecast. Considering these observations, which of the following is the analyst most likely to adjust upward in their economic model, and which sector is expected to benefit the most from this adjustment? | videos/Economics/12.mp4 |
{
"A": "",
"B": "",
"C": "",
"D": "",
"E": ""
} | open-ended | validation_781 | technical | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DehJPqwK6EY | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automation",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economies_of_scale",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technical_analysis"
],
"rationale": "The Sewbot automates sewing tasks, increasing production efficiency and reducing cost per unit as output rises. This refl... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Economics/13.mp4 | As shown in the video, it is an example of achieving economies of scale through **_______ economies**. | videos/Economics/13.mp4 |
{
"A": "",
"B": "",
"C": "",
"D": "",
"E": ""
} | open-ended | validation_782 | Antacids | https://youtu.be/aDKgs5qyC_Y?si=znt6Jw6pKIO_5lYT | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacotherapy",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antacid",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peptic_ulcer_disease",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gastroesophageal_reflux_disease"
],
"rationale": "The black particles mixing with the yellow gastric acid ... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Pharmacy/25.mp4 | In the video, the black particles most likely represent the administration of **_____**. | videos/Pharmacy/25.mp4 |
{
"A": "Gastric dissolution and physical interaction of concurrently administered oral medications",
"B": "Intestinal absorption of orally administered drugs",
"C": "Metabolic degradation of drugs by stomach acid",
"D": "Enzymatic activation of prodrugs in the gastrointestinal tract",
"E": "Biliary excretion ... | multiple-choice | validation_783 | A | https://youtu.be/aDKgs5qyC_Y?si=znt6Jw6pKIO_5lYT | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gastric_acid",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_digestive_system",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drug_interaction",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacokinetics",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oral_administration"
],
"rationale": "The vi... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Pharmacy/25.mp4 | Based on the video, which of the following processes is most directly illustrated the importance of potential drug-drug interactions? | videos/Pharmacy/25.mp4 |
{
"A": "",
"B": "",
"C": "",
"D": "",
"E": ""
} | open-ended | validation_784 | greedy | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Abw-gp1MRls | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greedy_algorithm",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bin_packing_problem"
],
"rationale": "The man in the video places items in decreasing size without guaranteeing an optimal solution. This method aligns with greedy algorithms' principle of making locally opti... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/42.mp4 | The man's demonstration is an example of a(n) ______ algorithm. | videos/Computer_Science/42.mp4 |
{
"A": "divide and conquer",
"B": "greedy algorithm",
"C": "linear programming",
"D": "dynamic programming",
"E": "genetic algorithm"
} | multiple-choice | validation_785 | B | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Abw-gp1MRls | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greedy_algorithm",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optimization_problem"
],
"rationale": "In the video, the teacher tries to pack books into as few boxes as possible by filling each box to its maximum capacity and prioritizing the largest books first. This ap... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/42.mp4 | What kind of idea is used in the video to pack these books in possibly fewer packages? | videos/Computer_Science/42.mp4 |
{
"A": "",
"B": "",
"C": "",
"D": "",
"E": ""
} | open-ended | validation_786 | tree | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nWIPkxEnE3Q | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_topology",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree_network",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scalability",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_architecture"
],
"rationale": "At the beginning of the video, the network topology is displayed. The ... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electronics_and_Communication/19.mp4 | Based on the content of the video, it demonstrates a _____ network topology. | videos/Electronics_and_Communication/19.mp4 |
{
"A": "Symmetry",
"B": "Redundancy",
"C": "Latency",
"D": "Specificity",
"E": "Scalability"
} | multiple-choice | validation_787 | E | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nWIPkxEnE3Q | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecommunications",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Architecture_Board",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_communication",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scalability"
],
"rationale": "The video shows animations of network connections in so... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electronics_and_Communication/19.mp4 | Which characteristic of digital communication is shown in the video? | videos/Electronics_and_Communication/19.mp4 |
{
"A": "Ring topology facing a single point of failure causing network disruption.",
"B": "Tree topology suffering from network congestion due to high bandwidth usage from numerous connected devices.",
"C": "Mesh topology encountering complex routing leading to increased latency.",
"D": "Star topology with cent... | multiple-choice | validation_788 | B | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nWIPkxEnE3Q | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecommunications",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_congestion",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree_network",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_topology",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bandwidth_(signal_processing)"
],
"rationale":... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electronics_and_Communication/19.mp4 | Based on the network structure described in the video and the issue encountered at the end of the task, what is the most likely network problem? | videos/Electronics_and_Communication/19.mp4 |
{
"A": "",
"B": "",
"C": "",
"D": "",
"E": ""
} | open-ended | validation_789 | proximal tubule | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oKCmtTUFHuY | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glomerulus",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glomerulus_(kidney)",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultrafiltration_(kidney)",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kidney_(vertebrates)",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_physiology"
],
"rationale": "Th... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Clinical_Medicine/27.mp4 | At the end of the video, the structure into which the molecule enters is called the ____ . | videos/Clinical_Medicine/27.mp4 |
{
"A": "",
"B": "",
"C": "",
"D": "",
"E": ""
} | open-ended | validation_790 | Lithium | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vxqe_ZOwsHs | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnesium",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reactivity_series",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkaline_earth_metal"
],
"rationale": "The analysis suggests the metal is Lithium. It has a dark gray appearance with a silver interior, indicating an oxide lay... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Chemistry/10.mp4 | Based on the experiments and observations described, the metal being demonstrated is most likely **_______**. | videos/Chemistry/10.mp4 |
{
"A": "2Li+2H2O->2LiOH+H2",
"B": "Ba+2H2O->Ba(OH)2+H2",
"C": "Ca+2H2O->Ca(OH)2+H2",
"D": "Fe+2HCl->FeCl2+H2",
"E": "Mg+2HCl->MgCl2+H2"
} | multiple-choice | validation_791 | A | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vxqe_ZOwsHs | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkali_metal",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen_production",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reactivity_series",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium"
],
"rationale": "From the video, it can be observed that the solid reacts with water, and a... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Chemistry/10.mp4 | What chemical reaction is most likely occurring with the solid in the video? | videos/Chemistry/10.mp4 |
{
"A": "Negative beta (beta less than 0)",
"B": "Beta approximately equal to 0",
"C": "Beta between 0 and 1",
"D": "Beta equal to 1",
"E": "Beta greater than 1"
} | multiple-choice | validation_792 | E | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jbsn0gCsipY | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volatility_(finance)",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Market_risk",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systemic_risk",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta_(finance)",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_asset_pricing_model"
],
"rationale": "The vi... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Economics/14.mp4 | The beta of the company shown in the video is most likely | videos/Economics/14.mp4 |
{
"A": "Increase the benchmark interest rate to combat inflation.",
"B": "Provide emergency liquidity support to financial institutions.",
"C": "Implement austerity measures to reduce government debt.",
"D": "Enforce stricter lending standards for new mortgages.",
"E": "Increase reserve requirements for comme... | multiple-choice | validation_793 | B | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jbsn0gCsipY | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_bank",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systemic_risk",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquidity_crisis",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crisis_management"
],
"rationale": "The company described in the video is a major real estate developer fac... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Economics/14.mp4 | For the company and its challenges shown in the video, which of the following actions by the central bank would be the most appropriate short-term policy response? | videos/Economics/14.mp4 |
{
"A": "No clear answer",
"B": "Second one",
"C": "Neither",
"D": "First one",
"E": "Both"
} | multiple-choice | validation_794 | D | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zMf172rJyU0 | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twin_paradox",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_dilation",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_relativity",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theory_of_relativity"
],
"rationale": "The real answer of the twin paradox indicates that the choice asso... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Modern_Physics/15.mp4 | The video demonstrates two movements in total. Which movement is closer to the correct interpretation of the twin paradox? | videos/Modern_Physics/15.mp4 |
{
"A": "Bureaucratic Management",
"B": "Participative Management",
"C": "Scientific Management",
"D": "Task-Oriented Management",
"E": "Decentralized Management"
} | multiple-choice | validation_795 | A | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=csPcJz49wfU&t=215s | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Weber",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizational_structure",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bureaucracy",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_administration_theory"
],
"rationale": "There is a serious bureaucracy in the movie, with other o... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Management/13.mp4 | What management could lead to the situation shown in the video? | videos/Management/13.mp4 |
{
"A": "Bureaucratic Management emphasizing hierarchical authority and strict adherence to rules.",
"B": "Human Relations Management focusing on employee well-being and interpersonal relationships.",
"C": "Contingency Management adapting organizational practices based on situational needs.",
"D": "Scientific Ma... | multiple-choice | validation_796 | A | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=csPcJz49wfU&t=215s | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_administration",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hierarchy",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizational_theory",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Weber",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bureaucracy"
],
"rationale": "In the video describ... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Management/13.mp4 | Based on the video, which management approach is primarily demonstrated by the office staff's behavior? | videos/Management/13.mp4 |
{
"A": "Scientific Management Theory, emphasizing task optimization and standardization to increase efficiency.",
"B": "Human Relations Approach, highlighting the importance of employee morale and interpersonal relationships among staff.",
"C": "Transactional Leadership, centered on exchanges between leaders and ... | multiple-choice | validation_797 | E | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=csPcJz49wfU&t=215s | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transactional_leadership",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_management",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_relations_movement",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contingency_theory",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total_quality_management"
... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Management/13.mp4 | Based on the video, which management approach would BEST enable the staff to consider situational variables and adjust their behaviors? | videos/Management/13.mp4 |
{
"A": "",
"B": "",
"C": "",
"D": "",
"E": ""
} | open-ended | validation_798 | protein | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JGZj6DsUZhE&t=21s | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_primary_structure"
],
"rationale": "The video introduces proteins with animation. Hormones, antibodies, enzymes are all common proteins.",
"subject": "Biology",
"textbook": "The Molecular Biology of the Ce... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biology/8.mp4 | The type of substance presented in the video is __________. | videos/Biology/8.mp4 |
{
"A": "forming transcription templates",
"B": "catalyzing many chemical reactions",
"C": "maintaining structures",
"D": "sensing signals",
"E": "expressing genetic information"
} | multiple-choice | validation_799 | A | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JGZj6DsUZhE&t=21s | {
"knowledge": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_biosynthesis",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_signaling",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enzyme",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_structure",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_code"
],
"rationale": "Proteins are responsib... | https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biology/8.mp4 | What functions might the compounds shown in the video NOT have? | videos/Biology/8.mp4 |
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