choices
dict
question_type
stringclasses
2 values
id
stringlengths
12
14
answer
stringlengths
1
40
youtube_url
stringlengths
42
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video
stringlengths
75
102
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16
43
{ "A": "Glycopyrrolate", "B": "Amoxicillin", "C": "Ibuprofen", "D": "Aspirin", "E": "Lisinopril" }
multiple-choice
validation_700
A
https://youtu.be/3kPj7ZNhn1Q?si=Vm-DRDkfALJfmYjb
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anticholinergic", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycopyrronium_bromide", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacology" ], "rationale": "The video illustrates the symptom of sweating, which can be alleviated with Glycopyrrolate", "subject": "Pharmacy", ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Pharmacy/22.mp4
Which of the following drugs can suppress the symptoms in the video?
videos/Pharmacy/22.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_701
2
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z2SoqSljyCQ
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-balancing_binary_search_tree", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B-tree", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree_(abstract_data_type)" ], "rationale": "In the depicted B-tree, nodes split upon inserting a third key, indicating a maximum of 2 keys per node...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/38.mp4
The minimum degree t of the shown data stucture is ______.
videos/Computer_Science/38.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_702
2.5
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SPkICKZAVzY
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modulation_index", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequency_deviation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequency_modulation" ], "rationale": "The video shows the content and changes of the signal generator and signal analyzer displays. The video indicate...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electronics_and_Communication/17.mp4
In the video, the modulation index of the FM signal is ____.
videos/Electronics_and_Communication/17.mp4
{ "A": "An FM signal whose spectrum contains only the carrier and sidebands at multiples of the modulating frequency.", "B": "An AM signal with a carrier frequency of 500 kHz and a modulating frequency of 20 kHz.", "C": "A PM (Phase Modulated) signal with a square wave modulating signal.", "D": "A continuous-wa...
multiple-choice
validation_703
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SPkICKZAVzY
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequency_deviation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequency-shift_keying", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase_modulation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequency_modulation" ], "rationale": "In the video, a function generator outputs a 500 kHz...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electronics_and_Communication/17.mp4
Which of the following best describes the nature of the modulated signal produced under these settings in the video?
videos/Electronics_and_Communication/17.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_704
rolling shutter
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=McSBnioiYY8
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_shutter", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shutter_(photography)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_camera" ], "rationale": "The video shows a jelly effect occurring as the airplane moves, with originally vertical objects appearing tilted, dist...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Art/11.mp4
Based on the footage shown in the video, which type of shutter is most likely used by the camera?
videos/Art/11.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_705
0.866 c
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hgtHagwvLOM
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorentz_factor", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proper_length", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Length_contraction", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_relativity" ], "rationale": "Using the principles of special relativity, the speed of the space...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Modern_Physics/12.mp4
According to the principles of special relativity, if the final length L of the spacecraft shown in the video is 4 m, the speed ‘v’ of the spacecraft relative to Earth is approximately _______ c (to three decimal places).
videos/Modern_Physics/12.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_706
Crypsis
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-0IoZ3X3RcA
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octopus", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mimicry", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adaptive_Coloration_in_Animals", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crypsis" ], "rationale": "The octopus changes its skin color and texture to match the coral reef, demons...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biology/7.mp4
The animal in the video is demonstrating an adaptation known as **__________**.
videos/Biology/7.mp4
{ "A": "Mullerian mimicry", "B": "polymorphism", "C": "aposematism", "D": "Batesian mimicry", "E": "crypsis" }
multiple-choice
validation_707
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-0IoZ3X3RcA
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%BCllerian_mimicry", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crypsis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batesian_mimicry", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giant_Pacific_octopus", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mimicry" ], "rationale": "The octopus change...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biology/7.mp4
What kind of coloration is shown in the video?
videos/Biology/7.mp4
{ "A": "Melanophores and neuromasts", "B": "Iridophores and statocysts", "C": "Photophores and hydrostatic skeleton", "D": "Chromatophores and dermal papillae", "E": "Melanocytes and osteoderms" }
multiple-choice
validation_708
D
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-0IoZ3X3RcA
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octopus", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camouflage", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cephalopod", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromatophore" ], "rationale": "In the video, an octopus changes its color and texture to blend in with a coral reef, bec...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biology/7.mp4
Which combination of specialized cells and structures allows the bahavior of the animal?
videos/Biology/7.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_709
drive
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KgvhUPiDdq8
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_drive", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRISPR", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aedes_aegypti", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mendelian_inheritance" ], "rationale": "In video, CRISPR is used to edit mosquito genomes, making modified genes more p...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/17.mp4
The phenomenon illustrated in the video, is called a gene ______.
videos/Biomedical_Engineering/17.mp4
{ "A": "Heterogeneous transmission", "B": "Geographical isolation", "C": "Gene drive", "D": "Natural selection", "E": "Climate impact" }
multiple-choice
validation_710
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KgvhUPiDdq8
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_insect-borne_diseases", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytoplasmic_incompatibility", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_drive", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolbachia", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aedes_aegypti" ], "rationale": "The...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/17.mp4
What phenomenon is reflected in the video?
videos/Biomedical_Engineering/17.mp4
{ "A": "cohesion coefficient", "B": "slope geometry", "C": "soil properties", "D": "angle", "E": "plasticity index" }
multiple-choice
validation_711
D
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5ymdlrXhHSw
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_properties_of_soil", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shear_strength_(soil)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geotechnical_engineering", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slope_stability" ], "rationale": "The video demonstrates evaluating slope st...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Civil_Engineering/23.mp4
Which metric is used to measure slope stability of different materials in the video?
videos/Civil_Engineering/23.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_712
genu recurvatum
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7FzZxiFq56Q
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Craniosynostosis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tibial_plateau_fracture", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genu_recurvatum" ], "rationale": "In the video, the patient's PPTA of 105 degrees, compared to the normal 81 degrees, indicates a sagittal plane de...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/18.mp4
In the video, the patient indicates a deformity known as **_____**.
videos/Biomedical_Engineering/18.mp4
{ "A": "Medication", "B": "Chemotherapy", "C": "Physiotherapy", "D": "Image-guided surgery", "E": "Radiation therapy" }
multiple-choice
validation_713
D
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7FzZxiFq56Q
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image-guided_surgery", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomedical_engineering", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functional_imaging", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_imaging" ], "rationale": "In the video, the imaging of a nail in the leg bone is...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/18.mp4
What kind of treatment technology is shown in the video?
videos/Biomedical_Engineering/18.mp4
{ "A": "Genu valgum (knock-knee)", "B": "Genu recurvatum (knee hyperextension)", "C": "Genu varum (bow-leg)", "D": "Femoral anteversion", "E": "External tibial torsion" }
multiple-choice
validation_714
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7FzZxiFq56Q
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image-guided_surgery", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genu_valgum", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genu_recurvatum" ], "rationale": "The surgical procedure corrects genu recurvatum, indicated by an increased posterior proximal tibial angle from the norma...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/18.mp4
Which of the following deformities is most likely being corrected?
videos/Biomedical_Engineering/18.mp4
{ "A": "500 mg every 8 hours", "B": "250 mg every 8 hours", "C": "500 mg every 12 hours", "D": "250 mg every 12 hours", "E": "Amoxicillin is contraindicated in renal impairment for this patient" }
multiple-choice
validation_715
C
https://youtu.be/4zQ0aiaMA7U?si=0b8Nn7v4_xHt8Jp5
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kidney_failure", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonsteroidal_anti-inflammatory_drug", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amoxicillin", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiplatelet_drug" ], "rationale": "1. CrCl = ((140 - Age) * Weight) / (72 * Serum Creat...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Pharmacy/23.mp4
Which of the following dosing regimens is most appropriate for this patient in the video?
videos/Pharmacy/23.mp4
{ "A": "Market Culture", "B": "Hierarchy Culture", "C": "Clan Culture", "D": "Adhocracy Culture", "E": "Divisional Culture" }
multiple-choice
validation_716
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CVPjH41CLl8
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clan", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Participatory_management", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizational_culture" ], "rationale": "The conference exhibits Clan Culture, as indicated by a participative setting with diverse speakers and a focus on co...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Management/11.mp4
Based on the video description, which type of organizational culture is most likely being exhibited at the conference?
videos/Management/11.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_717
evaporative cooling
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RGpNzoPeyS0
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drinking_bird", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evaporative_cooler" ], "rationale": "The drinking bird's motion is driven by evaporative cooling, which decreases the temperature on its head. This creates a temperature and pressure difference between its head ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Thermodynamics/9.mp4
In the video, the device's motion is primarily driven by **____**.
videos/Thermodynamics/9.mp4
{ "A": "High viscosity to resist flow and enhance thermal conductivity.", "B": "Low specific heat capacity to rapidly change temperature with small heat input.", "C": "High boiling point to remain liquid under heating and prevent vaporization.", "D": "Minimal coefficient of thermal expansion to maintain volume ...
multiple-choice
validation_718
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RGpNzoPeyS0
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermodynamic_cycle", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_expansion", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drinking_bird", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific_heat_capacity" ], "rationale": "According to the video, the liquid’s volume significantly ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Thermodynamics/9.mp4
Considering thermodynamic principles, which of the following properties must the red liquid possess to enable this continuous cycling behavior in the apparatus?
videos/Thermodynamics/9.mp4
{ "A": "The devices operate based on the Seebeck effect, converting thermal gradients directly into electrical energy to drive motion.", "B": "Atmospheric pressure fluctuations cause periodic compression and expansion of the gas above the liquid, leading to the cycling motion.", "C": "Evaporation at one end and h...
multiple-choice
validation_719
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RGpNzoPeyS0
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vapor_pressure", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermodynamic_cycle", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drinking_bird", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evaporative_cooler" ], "rationale": "The drinking bird toy and the red liquid apparatus demonstrate th...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Thermodynamics/9.mp4
Which of the following best explains the fundamental thermodynamic principle responsible for the continuous cycling motion observed in both devices?
videos/Thermodynamics/9.mp4
{ "A": "Stay still", "B": "Ring slides up slower, disc slides up faster", "C": "Ring slides up faster, disc slides up slower", "D": "Ring falls faster, disc falls slower", "E": "Falling at the same speed" }
multiple-choice
validation_720
D
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CHQOctEvtTY
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moment_of_inertia", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotation_around_a_fixed_axis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton%27s_laws_of_motion", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_fall" ], "rationale": "In the video, the two objects fall together, both ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Mechanics/26.mp4
What are the relative tendencies of the ring and disc on the board in the video?
videos/Mechanics/26.mp4
{ "A": "The wooden object reaches the bottom before the metal object, and a greater fraction of its total kinetic energy is rotational than that of the metal object.", "B": "Both reach the bottom at the same time, but the metal object has less total kinetic energy than the wooden object.", "C": "The wooden object...
multiple-choice
validation_721
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CHQOctEvtTY
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservation_of_energy", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moment_of_inertia", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotation_around_a_fixed_axis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instant_centre_of_rotation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinetic_energy" ], ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Mechanics/26.mp4
Which of the following statements is correct regarding their motion and the distribution of their kinetic energy at the bottom?
videos/Mechanics/26.mp4
{ "A": "Pathogenesis", "B": "Diagnosis", "C": "Etiology", "D": "Prognosis", "E": "Morphologic changes" }
multiple-choice
validation_722
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RZshKrP3PEw
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiology", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathogenesis" ], "rationale": "The video shows several causes of emotional burnout, which falls under the etiology, one of the four aspects that constitute the core pathological disease process.", "subject": "Basic...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Basic_Medicine/21.mp4
There are four aspects of a disease process that form the core of pathology. Which of these does the video show?
videos/Basic_Medicine/21.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_723
2.4
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2737CWLp8dw
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variable-length_code", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huffman_coding", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lossless_compression", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_compression" ], "rationale": "The analysis calculates the average number of bits per char...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/39.mp4
The average number of bits per character in the encoded word is **__**.
videos/Computer_Science/39.mp4
{ "A": "branch and bound", "B": "backtracking", "C": "greedy algorithm", "D": "Dynamic programming", "E": "divide and conquer" }
multiple-choice
validation_724
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2737CWLp8dw
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greedy_algorithm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huffman_coding", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_compression" ], "rationale": "The video shows the process of Huffman coding, which uses greedy algorithm in the way it combines the two nodes with the ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/39.mp4
What kind of idea of algorithm is used in solving the problem in the video?
videos/Computer_Science/39.mp4
{ "A": "This code assigns equal-length codes to all symbols to ensure uniformity.", "B": "This code is a prefix code that is optimal for the given symbol frequencies.", "C": "This code may produce codes that are not uniquely decodable without additional information.", "D": "This code requires that symbol freque...
multiple-choice
validation_725
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2737CWLp8dw
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lossless_compression", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variable-length_code", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huffman_coding", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prefix_code", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_compression" ], "rationale": "The video ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/39.mp4
Which of the following statements correctly describes a property of this coding process?
videos/Computer_Science/39.mp4
{ "A": "When multiple symbols have the same frequency, the structure of the coding tree and the resulting codes can vary, leading to different possible optimal codes.", "B": "When multiple symbols have the same frequency, the coding assigns identical codewords to those symbols, causing ambiguity.", "C": "When mul...
multiple-choice
validation_726
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2737CWLp8dw
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huffman_coding", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prefix_code", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lossless_compression", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_compression" ], "rationale": "The video shows the process of Huffman coding. When symbols have equ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/39.mp4
Which of the following statements correctly describes a potential issue when multiple symbols have the same frequency in the shown coding algorithm?
videos/Computer_Science/39.mp4
{ "A": "Fixed-length binary code needs 5 bits; The coding algorithm in the video needs 5 bits", "B": "Fixed-length binary code needs 10 bits; The coding algorithm in the video needs 6 bits", "C": "Fixed-length binary code needs 15 bits; The coding algorithm in the video needs 12 bits", "D": "Fixed-length binary...
multiple-choice
validation_727
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2737CWLp8dw
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_code", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lossless_compression", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variable-length_code", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huffman_coding", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_compression" ], "rationale": "In fixed-l...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/39.mp4
Assuming we encode the unique letters using a fixed-length binary code instead, which of the following correctly states the number of bits required to encode 'PETER'? What is the number of bits required to encode 'PETER' using the coding algorithm in the video?
videos/Computer_Science/39.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_728
sump
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7vUWs8xvM-4
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flood_management", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustainable_Groundwater_Management_Act", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sump_pump", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dewatering" ], "rationale": "As shown in the video, the team is using 'sump' pumping ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Civil_Engineering/24.mp4
In the video, the team is using a direct method known as **_____** pumping.
videos/Civil_Engineering/24.mp4
{ "A": "involves applying physical barriers and membranes", "B": "uses heat to evaporate excess moisture from the soil", "C": "employs pressure grouting techniques to displace water from soil", "D": "relies on chemical treatments to solidify the soil and reduce moisture content", "E": "involves lowering the g...
multiple-choice
validation_729
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7vUWs8xvM-4
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pressure_grouting", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groundwater", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dewatering", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digging" ], "rationale": "The team members in the video are operating large water pipes to pump water from the...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Civil_Engineering/24.mp4
What is the primary method used for dewatering in the video?
videos/Civil_Engineering/24.mp4
{ "A": "Soil instability and potential for differential settlement due to rapid dewatering altering pore water pressures in surrounding foundation soils.", "B": "Contamination of groundwater from pollutants dispersed during pumping operations.", "C": "Increased external hydrostatic pressure on basement walls lead...
multiple-choice
validation_730
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7vUWs8xvM-4
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_consolidation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrostatics", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dewatering", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engineering_geology" ], "rationale": "The most immediate concern in dewatering the flooded basemen is soil i...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Civil_Engineering/24.mp4
Based on the scenario shown in the video, which of the following potential risks should be the most immediate concern for civil engineers overseeing the operation?
videos/Civil_Engineering/24.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_731
anosmia
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RxTA_LGCurY
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sense_of_smell", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_polymorphism", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olfactory_receptor", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anosmia" ], "rationale": "The man's repetitive sniffing and lack of reaction to strong odors shown ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Neurobiology/24.mp4
In the video, the man's condition is known as **______________**.
videos/Neurobiology/24.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_732
Stirling
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gCqVuzcZkJQ
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stirling_engine", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat_engine", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_law_of_thermodynamics", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanical_energy" ], "rationale": "The device exemplifies a heat engine that converts thermal...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Thermodynamics/10.mp4
The device is an example of a _____ engine(Be specific).
videos/Thermodynamics/10.mp4
{ "A": "Modulating Ion Channels", "B": "Inhibiting Acid Production", "C": "Increasing Dopamine Levels", "D": "Blocking Calcium Channels", "E": "Stimulating Beta-Adrenergic Receptors" }
multiple-choice
validation_733
A
https://youtu.be/QIZfdQDA-aQ?si=t_QXNKUFMfKkUIEO
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Channel_modulator", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anticonvulsant", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenytoin" ], "rationale": "The patient in the video collapses and experiences convulsions while playing cards, suggesting symptoms of epilepsy. Modulating...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Pharmacy/24.mp4
What is the mechanism of action of using drugs to relieve this symptom?
videos/Pharmacy/24.mp4
{ "A": "Reacts vigorously with air", "B": "soluble in oil", "C": "black color", "D": "Soft Alkali metal", "E": "Insoluble in water" }
multiple-choice
validation_734
D
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vxqe_ZOwsHs
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkali_metal", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reactivity_series", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HSAB_theory" ], "rationale": "From the video, it can be observed that the solid is stored in a liquid similar to...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Chemistry/9.mp4
Based on the phenomena observed in the video, which of the following options does describe a physical property of the solid substance?
videos/Chemistry/9.mp4
{ "A": "To determine the hardness of the solid substance.", "B": "To test if the solid substance reacts chemically when electrified.", "C": "To demonstrate the magnetic properties of the solid substance.", "D": "To test the electrical conductivity of the solid substance.", "E": "To observe if the solid substa...
multiple-choice
validation_735
D
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vxqe_ZOwsHs
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkali_metal", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrolysis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reactivity_series", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_resistivity_and_conductivity" ], "rationale": "The setup shown in the video with a battery pack ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Chemistry/9.mp4
Based on the observations described in the video, what was the primary purpose of using the small electrical device during the experiment?
videos/Chemistry/9.mp4
{ "A": "The solid is magnesium; it reacts with water producing hydrogen gas and magnesium dihydroxide, and the liquid in the beaker is an acid-base indicator turning color indicating a basic solution.", "B": "The solid is sodium; it reacts with water producing hydrogen gas and sodium hydroxide, and the liquid in th...
multiple-choice
validation_736
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vxqe_ZOwsHs
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkali_metal", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenolphthalein", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_carbonate" ], "rationale": "The solid is identified as sodium based on its soft, shiny appearance, typical o...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Chemistry/9.mp4
Which of the following best explains the reactions in the video?
videos/Chemistry/9.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_737
temperature distribution
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vqi8mzzIml0
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Composite_material", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curing_(chemistry)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_interface_material", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molding_(process)" ], "rationale": "The switch to a metal mold in the curing process a...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Materials_Science/10.mp4
Considering the factors influencing the industrial processes demonstrated in the video, the metal mold is made to improve the control of ______ during the process.
videos/Materials_Science/10.mp4
{ "A": "The temperature at point T3 is always the highest", "B": "The ambient temperature greatly influences the shown process", "C": "Temperature of the prepreg during the process not exceeding 100 degrees Celsius", "D": "No gas emissions occur during the process", "E": "The mold is made of ceramic material ...
multiple-choice
validation_738
D
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vqi8mzzIml0
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Composite_material", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon-fiber_reinforced_polymer", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pre-preg", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermosetting_polymer" ], "rationale": "The video shows the curing process of preprog. Afte...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Materials_Science/10.mp4
Which is incorrect about the shown process?
videos/Materials_Science/10.mp4
{ "A": "The first two balls are magnet balls. There are magnets under the tube, and the balls are driven downward.", "B": "The second time the two small balls are magnet balls, there are magnets under the tube, and the small balls are subject to upward resistance.", "C": "The second time, the two small balls are ...
multiple-choice
validation_739
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IzNh6TbzwUs&list=PL_R7YJHCNd4eSlkX9YX0V4_UcWYCeMpk7&index=12
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_susceptibility", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenz%27s_law", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddy_current", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_induction" ], "rationale": "The first time the two balls fall is a free fall motion. ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electrical_Engineering/26.mp4
Why did the two balls fall slower in the second experiment than in the first?
videos/Electrical_Engineering/26.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_740
derivational
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ROiLVF6ty-0
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morphological_derivation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affix", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morpheme", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Word_formation" ], "rationale": "-ment in government is a derivational morpheme. This is because it changes the...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Literature/8.mp4
In the first word shown in the video, **'-ment'** is an example of a __________ morpheme.
videos/Literature/8.mp4
{ "A": "4", "B": "1", "C": "2", "D": "0", "E": "3" }
multiple-choice
validation_741
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ROiLVF6ty-0
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bound_and_free_morphemes", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morpheme", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morphology_(linguistics)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Word_formation" ], "rationale": "For the word “government”: “Govern” is the root morpheme th...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Literature/8.mp4
In the four words in the video, how many bound morphemes are there?
videos/Literature/8.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_742
greedy
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GYZ_T4n3yFo
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greedy_algorithm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minimum_spanning_tree", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graph_theory", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamiltonian_path_problem" ], "rationale": "In the video, the edges of least weight are selected to ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/40.mp4
The shown approach is an example of a(n) ______ algorithm.
videos/Computer_Science/40.mp4
{ "A": "Upper", "B": "Neither Upper or Lower", "C": "Lower", "D": "Both Upper and Lower", "E": "Delayed" }
multiple-choice
validation_743
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gfg87ca0YwM
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theory_of_relativity", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_dilation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_relativity" ], "rationale": "At the start of the video, the clock of B is faster than A, which means B is slower. So it is similar to the lower m...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Modern_Physics/13.mp4
Which movement of time dilation at the end of the video is similar to the time dilation of B at the start of video?
videos/Modern_Physics/13.mp4
{ "A": "0.6 hours", "B": "0.8 hours", "C": "1.0 hour", "D": "1.25 hours", "E": "1.67 hours" }
multiple-choice
validation_744
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gfg87ca0YwM
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorentz_factor", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theory_of_relativity", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_dilation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_relativity" ], "rationale": "It is clearly observed that B's clock runs faster. Therefore, it...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Modern_Physics/13.mp4
From Earth, one of the figures, A or B, remains stationary, while the other moves at 0.8 times the speed of light (0.8c). If B's stopwatch shows that 1 hour has passed, how much time has elapsed on A's stopwatch due to the time dilation effect in special relativity?
videos/Modern_Physics/13.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_745
immunoglobulin E (IgE)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AE2GXNGUIFM
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_allergy", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunoglobulin_E" ], "rationale": "At the end of the video, the baby exhibits symptoms such as vomiting, indicating that the 'Y'-shaped cells are related to food allergies. Immunoglobulin E (IgE) is the primary f...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Clinical_Medicine/24.mp4
The “Y”-shaped cell shown at the beginning of the video is most likely an ______.
videos/Clinical_Medicine/24.mp4
{ "A": "autoimmune response", "B": "food allergy", "C": "food intolerance", "D": "histamine deficiency", "E": "none of the above" }
multiple-choice
validation_746
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AE2GXNGUIFM
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_allergy", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histamine", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunoglobulin_E", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_intolerance", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allergy", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autoimmunity" ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Clinical_Medicine/24.mp4
What is the most likely cause of this reaction in the body?
videos/Clinical_Medicine/24.mp4
{ "A": "Interleukin-2 (IL-2)", "B": "Interleukin-4 (IL-4)", "C": "Interleukin-5 (IL-5)", "D": "Interleukin-10 (IL-10)", "E": "Interleukin-12 (IL-12)" }
multiple-choice
validation_747
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AE2GXNGUIFM
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_allergy", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypersensitivity", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunoglobulin_E", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interleukin_4", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interleukin_10", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inter...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Clinical_Medicine/24.mp4
Based on the immune response and symptoms demonstrated in the video, and considering the underlying immune mechanisms, which interleukin plays a dominant role in this process and finally contributes to the symptoms?
videos/Clinical_Medicine/24.mp4
{ "A": "Reference object", "B": "Real image", "C": "Apparent image", "D": "Control variable", "E": "Virtual image" }
multiple-choice
validation_748
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tdcTmmCs1H4
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_image", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image_formation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plane_mirror", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_variable", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_image" ], "rationale": "The right thing at the st...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Modern_Physics/14.mp4
Which role the right thing at the start of the video plays in the experiment later?
videos/Modern_Physics/14.mp4
{ "A": "Reflective system", "B": "Emotional Reactions", "C": "Cognitive biases", "D": "Decision Pressure", "E": "Reactive system" }
multiple-choice
validation_749
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bItQoFUO5I4
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decision-making", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognition", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_bias" ], "rationale": "The Reflective System is a way of making decisions based on thoughtful, analytical and rational thinking, the Reactive System is ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Management/12.mp4
Which of the following most likely represents how brain process information in the video?
videos/Management/12.mp4
{ "A": "Reward Power", "B": "Expert Power", "C": "Legitimate Power", "D": "Referent Power", "E": "Informational Power" }
multiple-choice
validation_750
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bItQoFUO5I4
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_influence", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_psychology", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_and_Raven%27s_bases_of_power", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organization" ], "rationale": "The woman pointing at the document exercises Expe...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Management/12.mp4
Based on the video, which type of social power is the woman pointing at the document most likely exercising over the seated woman?
videos/Management/12.mp4
{ "A": "Rational Persuasion", "B": "Inspirational Appeal", "C": "Ingratiation", "D": "Personal Appeal", "E": "Exchange" }
multiple-choice
validation_751
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bItQoFUO5I4
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_proof", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leadership", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decision-making", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persuasion_(novel)" ], "rationale": "The woman pointing at the document is using Rational Persuasion to influen...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Management/12.mp4
Based on the video description, which influence tactic is the woman pointing at the document most likely using to influence the seated woman?
videos/Management/12.mp4
{ "A": "Tesla", "B": "Newton", "C": "Einstein", "D": "Faraday", "E": "Schrodinger" }
multiple-choice
validation_752
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UxtwLb6zCmk
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_mechanics", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Newton", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_gravitational_theory", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton%27s_law_of_universal_gravitation" ], "rationale": "The video shows a football f...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Mechanics/27.mp4
Which scientist discovered the phenomenon in the video?
videos/Mechanics/27.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_753
differential weathering
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vftjQQUMewc
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erosion", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geological_formation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mushroom_rock", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weathering" ], "rationale": "The mushroom rock formation in the video results from differential weathering, ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Civil_Engineering/25.mp4
In the video, the process responsible for forming the rock shown in the video is called **__________ weathering**.
videos/Civil_Engineering/25.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_754
hydrogel
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ec1oAQ-eoL4
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogel", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biopolymer", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-assembly", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gelation" ], "rationale": "Particles clump together, showing self-assembly into a network known as a hydrogel. Initia...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/19.mp4
Assume the small blue particles in the video are oligopeptide, the structure formed by particle motion in the video is called __________.
videos/Biomedical_Engineering/19.mp4
{ "A": "Dissolve", "B": "Hydrolyze", "C": "Fission", "D": "Degrade", "E": "self-assembly" }
multiple-choice
validation_755
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ec1oAQ-eoL4
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogel", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-assembling_peptide", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_self-assembly", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-covalent_interaction" ], "rationale": "The video shows small molecules (protein-based hydr...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/19.mp4
What process of molecules is shown in the video?
videos/Biomedical_Engineering/19.mp4
{ "A": "Electrostatic repulsion between charged particles", "B": "Thermal diffusion leading to particle dispersion", "C": "Molecular self-assembly driven by non-covalent interactions", "D": "Mechanical fragmentation due to shear forces", "E": "Chemical decomposition through hydrolysis" }
multiple-choice
validation_756
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ec1oAQ-eoL4
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomaterial", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_self-assembly", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_protein", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-covalent_interaction", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogel" ], "rationale": "Based on the...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/19.mp4
Which of the following phenomena is most likely being demonstrated?
videos/Biomedical_Engineering/19.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_757
Macrophages
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cn-bd3LdBPk
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immune_system", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macrophage", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioreactor", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunotherapy" ], "rationale": "The bioreactor in the video produces macrophages as part of a novel immunotherapy. ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/20.mp4
In the video, the bioreactor is used to produce **________**.
videos/Biomedical_Engineering/20.mp4
{ "A": "Physiotherapy", "B": "Chemotherapy", "C": "Radiotherapy", "D": "Immunotherapy", "E": "Surgery" }
multiple-choice
validation_758
D
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cn-bd3LdBPk
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancer_immunotherapy", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancer_treatment", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomedical_sciences", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunotherapy" ], "rationale": "The goals of immunotherapy are to (1) increase the efficiency...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/20.mp4
What treatment is used in the video?
videos/Biomedical_Engineering/20.mp4
{ "A": "Development of synthetic antibiotics that bypass bacterial resistance mechanisms.", "B": "Application of nanotechnology to deliver drugs directly to bacterial cells.", "C": "Ex vivo expansion of macrophages to boost the patient's innate immune response.", "D": "Utilization of CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing to...
multiple-choice
validation_759
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cn-bd3LdBPk
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macrophage", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomedical_engineering", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Innate_immune_system", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunotherapy" ], "rationale": "The biomedical engineering approach described involves the ex vi...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/20.mp4
Which of the following best describes the shown biomedical engineering approach?
videos/Biomedical_Engineering/20.mp4
{ "A": "Development of bacteriophage therapy to specifically lyse bacterial cells, offering targeted action without affecting human cells.", "B": "Utilization of monoclonal antibodies to neutralize bacterial toxins, providing passive immunity.", "C": "Application of gene editing techniques to modify patient T-cel...
multiple-choice
validation_760
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cn-bd3LdBPk
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antimicrobial_resistance", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Innate_immune_system", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macrophage", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunotherapy" ], "rationale": "The biomedical strategy employed is the ex vivo expansion and ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/20.mp4
Which biomedical engineering strategy is being employed, and what is the primary advantage of this approach?
videos/Biomedical_Engineering/20.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_761
debt
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n-SN4jQjbEU
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contract", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_of_obligations", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Debt" ], "rationale": "The woman in the video signs the receipt after purchasing clothing, which creates a legal obligation known as a 'debt'. This signifies he...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Law/9.mp4
In the scene described, the woman's action creates a legal obligation known as a **____**.
videos/Law/9.mp4
{ "A": "cannot be seen from the video", "B": "bidirectional", "C": "omnidirectional", "D": "unidirectional", "E": "circular" }
multiple-choice
validation_762
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tCxsbLI69Jw
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automated_guided_vehicle", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_steering", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanical_engineering", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Material-handling_equipment" ], "rationale": "In the video, the AGV can move forward, ba...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Mechanical_Engineering/24.mp4
In what directions can the AGV in the video travel?
videos/Mechanical_Engineering/24.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_763
handoff
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JnsyG-_YIZ0
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_telephony", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_site", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Handover", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellular_network" ], "rationale": "In cellular networks, the process of transferring an ongoing communication sessi...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electronics_and_Communication/18.mp4
In the video clip, the process where the red square moves along a path and connects with different blue squares is called ______.
videos/Electronics_and_Communication/18.mp4
{ "A": "21:9", "B": "3:1", "C": "4:3", "D": "30:9", "E": "2:1" }
multiple-choice
validation_764
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DxXUcze1w-Q
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fullscreen_(aspect_ratio)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Grand_Budapest_Hotel", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspect_ratio_(image)" ], "rationale": "As we can see from the video, this clip is taken from the movie 'The Grand Budapest Hotel', and th...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Art/12.mp4
What kind of size of screen is best fit for the movie showed in the image
videos/Art/12.mp4
{ "A": "Alfred Hitchcock", "B": "Wes Anderson", "C": "Federico Fellini", "D": "Orson Welles", "E": "Jean-Luc Godard" }
multiple-choice
validation_765
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DxXUcze1w-Q
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_Hollywood_cinema", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Grand_Budapest_Hotel", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perspective_(graphical)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wes_Anderson" ], "rationale": "Anderson's films are known for their extreme...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Art/12.mp4
Which filmmaker's style is most evidently reflected in the visual presentation of this scene?
videos/Art/12.mp4
{ "A": "1.37:1 (Standard 4:3)", "B": "2.35:1 (CinemaScope Widescreen)", "C": "1.85:1 (Modern Widescreen)", "D": "16:9 (HDTV Standard)", "E": "2:1 (Univisium)" }
multiple-choice
validation_766
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DxXUcze1w-Q
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fullscreen_(aspect_ratio)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinematography", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Grand_Budapest_Hotel", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspect_ratio_(image)" ], "rationale": "The scene is set in the 1930s, featuring young...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Art/12.mp4
Which aspect ratio would be most appropriate for displaying the scene described?
videos/Art/12.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_767
Seldinger
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BSfg30k6O1s
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airway_management", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seldinger_technique", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cricothyrotomy" ], "rationale": "The medical professional is performing a percutaneous cricothyroidotomy using the Seldinger technique, as indicated b...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Clinical_Medicine/25.mp4
The medical professional is demonstrating a surgical procedure using the **______** technique.
videos/Clinical_Medicine/25.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_768
ferrofluid
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VS37udpo7TI&list=PL_R7YJHCNd4eSlkX9YX0V4_UcWYCeMpk7&index=11
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_field", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flux_tube", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetism", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferrofluid" ], "rationale": "In the experiment, a black viscous fluid, identified as a ferrofluid, contains magnetic...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electromagnetism/27.mp4
In the experiment described, the lines forming a butterfly-like pattern are due to the alignment of particles in a **_______**.
videos/Electromagnetism/27.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_769
capacitor
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=12HVgYDW65I
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_storage", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_field", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dielectric" ], "rationale": "The configuration with two parallel plates separated by a distance, where one carr...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electrical_Engineering/27.mp4
In the configuration shown in the video, this arrangement forms a basic electrical component known as a ______.
videos/Electrical_Engineering/27.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_770
sodium
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yaZWMRgUVLg
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active_transport", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Membrane_potential", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_channel", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Action_potential" ], "rationale": "In the video, during the generation of an action potential, the c...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Neurobiology/25.mp4
the small blue dots most likely represent _____ ions.
videos/Neurobiology/25.mp4
{ "A": "Flow slower", "B": "Accumulate outside the neuron", "C": "Flow normally", "D": "Stop flow", "E": "Flow faster" }
multiple-choice
validation_771
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yaZWMRgUVLg
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassium_channel_blocker", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetraethylammonium", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurotransmission", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Action_potential", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion_channel" ], "rationale": "When...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Neurobiology/25.mp4
Considering this video shows an action potential of a neuron, If tetraethylammonium is applied to the neuron in this video, what will happen to the blue ion?
videos/Neurobiology/25.mp4
{ "A": "Blue dots would accumulate inside the neuron, leading to depolarization.", "B": "Blue dots would be actively transported out of the neuron faster, causing hyperpolarization.", "C": "Yellow dots would accumulate inside the neuron, leading to depolarization.", "D": "Yellow dots would be actively transport...
multiple-choice
validation_772
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yaZWMRgUVLg
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Depolarization", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ouabain", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltage-gated_ion_channel", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium%E2%80%93potassium_pump" ], "rationale": "During the generation of an action potential, the cell...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Neurobiology/25.mp4
Based on the video depicting ion movement across a neuronal membrane during an action potential, if ouabain is applied to the neuron in this video, which of the following is most likely to occur to the dots after prolonged exposure?
videos/Neurobiology/25.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_773
HIV
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jbduy_jbs3A&t=15s
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T_helper_cell", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HIV", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reverse_transcriptase" ], "rationale": "The video illustrates viruses attacking CD4 cells, showing their decline, which aligns with how HIV operates. HIV uses reverse tra...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Clinical_Medicine/26.mp4
Based on the pathological changes described in the video, the black virus is ___________.
videos/Clinical_Medicine/26.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_774
stepper
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vZsrHr1uNo0
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stepper_motor" ], "rationale": "A stepper motor is a Brushless DC electric motor that rotates in a series of small and discrete angular steps. This aligns with the motor features shown in the video.", "subject": "Mechanical Engineering", "textbook": "Industr...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Mechanical_Engineering/25.mp4
The motor type shown in the video is most likely a(n) **_______** motor.
videos/Mechanical_Engineering/25.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_775
n + k
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pvDIqjQgowk
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counting_sort", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorting_algorithm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analysis_of_algorithms", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_complexity" ], "rationale": "The video illustrates the Counting Sort. It operates in O(n + ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/41.mp4
Given that n is the number of elements and k is the range of input values. The worst-case time complexity of the demonstrated algorithm is O(____).
videos/Computer_Science/41.mp4
{ "A": "Gastric cancer", "B": "Chronic obstructive lung disease", "C": "Bladder cancer", "D": "Hypertension", "E": "Lung cancer" }
multiple-choice
validation_776
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b3WBQSvnFlI
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobacco_smoking", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lung_cancer", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_tobacco" ], "rationale": "The video shows the process from the attempt to smoke to continuous heavy smoking, and heavy smoking leads to variou...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Basic_Medicine/22.mp4
The video shows the development of a bad lifestyle associated with a variety of diseases, which is the most related?
videos/Basic_Medicine/22.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_777
expansion
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dD1f3Oheuik
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gross_domestic_product", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_cycle", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_expansion" ], "rationale": "The busy urban scene with active transportation, open businesses, and high consumer activity suggests that the ec...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Economics/12.mp4
Based on the urban landscape depicted in the video, what phase of the economic cycle might the economy be in?
videos/Economics/12.mp4
{ "A": "expansion", "B": "trough", "C": "stagnation", "D": "contraction", "E": "recession" }
multiple-choice
validation_778
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dD1f3Oheuik
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_growth", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_cycle", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unemployment", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gross_domestic_product", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_expansion" ], "rationale": "The street...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Economics/12.mp4
The scene depicted in the video is most likely to occur in which stage of the economic cycle?
videos/Economics/12.mp4
{ "A": "Utilities", "B": "Consumer Staples", "C": "Healthcare", "D": "Basic Materials", "E": "Consumer Discretionary" }
multiple-choice
validation_779
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dD1f3Oheuik
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_analyst", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_cycle", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gross_domestic_product", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Industry_Classification_Standard", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_expansion" ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Economics/12.mp4
Based on the economic activity depicted in the video, which of the following sectors is an equity analyst most likely to recommend overweighting in an investment portfolio?
videos/Economics/12.mp4
{ "A": "Lower inflation expectations; Basic Materials sector.", "B": "Higher consumer confidence levels; Consumer Discretionary sector.", "C": "Increased unemployment rates; Healthcare sector.", "D": "Decreased GDP growth forecasts; Utilities sector.", "E": "Anticipated interest rate cuts; Financial Services ...
multiple-choice
validation_780
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dD1f3Oheuik
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_expansion", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Industry_Classification_Standard", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_cycle", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consumer_confidence" ], "rationale": "The urban scene, which includes a busy ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Economics/12.mp4
Based on the urban scene depicted in the video, an economic analyst is preparing a forecast. Considering these observations, which of the following is the analyst most likely to adjust upward in their economic model, and which sector is expected to benefit the most from this adjustment?
videos/Economics/12.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_781
technical
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DehJPqwK6EY
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economies_of_scale", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technical_analysis" ], "rationale": "The Sewbot automates sewing tasks, increasing production efficiency and reducing cost per unit as output rises. This refl...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Economics/13.mp4
As shown in the video, it is an example of achieving economies of scale through **_______ economies**.
videos/Economics/13.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_782
Antacids
https://youtu.be/aDKgs5qyC_Y?si=znt6Jw6pKIO_5lYT
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacotherapy", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antacid", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peptic_ulcer_disease", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gastroesophageal_reflux_disease" ], "rationale": "The black particles mixing with the yellow gastric acid ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Pharmacy/25.mp4
In the video, the black particles most likely represent the administration of **_____**.
videos/Pharmacy/25.mp4
{ "A": "Gastric dissolution and physical interaction of concurrently administered oral medications", "B": "Intestinal absorption of orally administered drugs", "C": "Metabolic degradation of drugs by stomach acid", "D": "Enzymatic activation of prodrugs in the gastrointestinal tract", "E": "Biliary excretion ...
multiple-choice
validation_783
A
https://youtu.be/aDKgs5qyC_Y?si=znt6Jw6pKIO_5lYT
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gastric_acid", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_digestive_system", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drug_interaction", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacokinetics", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oral_administration" ], "rationale": "The vi...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Pharmacy/25.mp4
Based on the video, which of the following processes is most directly illustrated the importance of potential drug-drug interactions?
videos/Pharmacy/25.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_784
greedy
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Abw-gp1MRls
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greedy_algorithm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bin_packing_problem" ], "rationale": "The man in the video places items in decreasing size without guaranteeing an optimal solution. This method aligns with greedy algorithms' principle of making locally opti...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/42.mp4
The man's demonstration is an example of a(n) ______ algorithm.
videos/Computer_Science/42.mp4
{ "A": "divide and conquer", "B": "greedy algorithm", "C": "linear programming", "D": "dynamic programming", "E": "genetic algorithm" }
multiple-choice
validation_785
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Abw-gp1MRls
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greedy_algorithm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optimization_problem" ], "rationale": "In the video, the teacher tries to pack books into as few boxes as possible by filling each box to its maximum capacity and prioritizing the largest books first. This ap...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/42.mp4
What kind of idea is used in the video to pack these books in possibly fewer packages?
videos/Computer_Science/42.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_786
tree
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nWIPkxEnE3Q
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_topology", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree_network", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scalability", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_architecture" ], "rationale": "At the beginning of the video, the network topology is displayed. The ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electronics_and_Communication/19.mp4
Based on the content of the video, it demonstrates a _____ network topology.
videos/Electronics_and_Communication/19.mp4
{ "A": "Symmetry", "B": "Redundancy", "C": "Latency", "D": "Specificity", "E": "Scalability" }
multiple-choice
validation_787
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nWIPkxEnE3Q
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecommunications", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Architecture_Board", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_communication", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scalability" ], "rationale": "The video shows animations of network connections in so...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electronics_and_Communication/19.mp4
Which characteristic of digital communication is shown in the video?
videos/Electronics_and_Communication/19.mp4
{ "A": "Ring topology facing a single point of failure causing network disruption.", "B": "Tree topology suffering from network congestion due to high bandwidth usage from numerous connected devices.", "C": "Mesh topology encountering complex routing leading to increased latency.", "D": "Star topology with cent...
multiple-choice
validation_788
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nWIPkxEnE3Q
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecommunications", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_congestion", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree_network", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_topology", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bandwidth_(signal_processing)" ], "rationale":...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electronics_and_Communication/19.mp4
Based on the network structure described in the video and the issue encountered at the end of the task, what is the most likely network problem?
videos/Electronics_and_Communication/19.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_789
proximal tubule
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oKCmtTUFHuY
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glomerulus", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glomerulus_(kidney)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultrafiltration_(kidney)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kidney_(vertebrates)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_physiology" ], "rationale": "Th...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Clinical_Medicine/27.mp4
At the end of the video, the structure into which the molecule enters is called the ____ .
videos/Clinical_Medicine/27.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_790
Lithium
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vxqe_ZOwsHs
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnesium", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reactivity_series", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkaline_earth_metal" ], "rationale": "The analysis suggests the metal is Lithium. It has a dark gray appearance with a silver interior, indicating an oxide lay...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Chemistry/10.mp4
Based on the experiments and observations described, the metal being demonstrated is most likely **_______**.
videos/Chemistry/10.mp4
{ "A": "2Li+2H2O->2LiOH+H2", "B": "Ba+2H2O->Ba(OH)2+H2", "C": "Ca+2H2O->Ca(OH)2+H2", "D": "Fe+2HCl->FeCl2+H2", "E": "Mg+2HCl->MgCl2+H2" }
multiple-choice
validation_791
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vxqe_ZOwsHs
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkali_metal", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen_production", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reactivity_series", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium" ], "rationale": "From the video, it can be observed that the solid reacts with water, and a...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Chemistry/10.mp4
What chemical reaction is most likely occurring with the solid in the video?
videos/Chemistry/10.mp4
{ "A": "Negative beta (beta less than 0)", "B": "Beta approximately equal to 0", "C": "Beta between 0 and 1", "D": "Beta equal to 1", "E": "Beta greater than 1" }
multiple-choice
validation_792
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jbsn0gCsipY
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volatility_(finance)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Market_risk", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systemic_risk", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta_(finance)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_asset_pricing_model" ], "rationale": "The vi...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Economics/14.mp4
The beta of the company shown in the video is most likely
videos/Economics/14.mp4
{ "A": "Increase the benchmark interest rate to combat inflation.", "B": "Provide emergency liquidity support to financial institutions.", "C": "Implement austerity measures to reduce government debt.", "D": "Enforce stricter lending standards for new mortgages.", "E": "Increase reserve requirements for comme...
multiple-choice
validation_793
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jbsn0gCsipY
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_bank", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systemic_risk", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquidity_crisis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crisis_management" ], "rationale": "The company described in the video is a major real estate developer fac...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Economics/14.mp4
For the company and its challenges shown in the video, which of the following actions by the central bank would be the most appropriate short-term policy response?
videos/Economics/14.mp4
{ "A": "No clear answer", "B": "Second one", "C": "Neither", "D": "First one", "E": "Both" }
multiple-choice
validation_794
D
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zMf172rJyU0
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twin_paradox", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_dilation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_relativity", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theory_of_relativity" ], "rationale": "The real answer of the twin paradox indicates that the choice asso...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Modern_Physics/15.mp4
The video demonstrates two movements in total. Which movement is closer to the correct interpretation of the twin paradox?
videos/Modern_Physics/15.mp4
{ "A": "Bureaucratic Management", "B": "Participative Management", "C": "Scientific Management", "D": "Task-Oriented Management", "E": "Decentralized Management" }
multiple-choice
validation_795
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=csPcJz49wfU&t=215s
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Weber", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizational_structure", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bureaucracy", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_administration_theory" ], "rationale": "There is a serious bureaucracy in the movie, with other o...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Management/13.mp4
What management could lead to the situation shown in the video?
videos/Management/13.mp4
{ "A": "Bureaucratic Management emphasizing hierarchical authority and strict adherence to rules.", "B": "Human Relations Management focusing on employee well-being and interpersonal relationships.", "C": "Contingency Management adapting organizational practices based on situational needs.", "D": "Scientific Ma...
multiple-choice
validation_796
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=csPcJz49wfU&t=215s
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_administration", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hierarchy", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizational_theory", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Weber", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bureaucracy" ], "rationale": "In the video describ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Management/13.mp4
Based on the video, which management approach is primarily demonstrated by the office staff's behavior?
videos/Management/13.mp4
{ "A": "Scientific Management Theory, emphasizing task optimization and standardization to increase efficiency.", "B": "Human Relations Approach, highlighting the importance of employee morale and interpersonal relationships among staff.", "C": "Transactional Leadership, centered on exchanges between leaders and ...
multiple-choice
validation_797
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=csPcJz49wfU&t=215s
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transactional_leadership", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_management", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_relations_movement", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contingency_theory", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total_quality_management" ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Management/13.mp4
Based on the video, which management approach would BEST enable the staff to consider situational variables and adjust their behaviors?
videos/Management/13.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_798
protein
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JGZj6DsUZhE&t=21s
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_primary_structure" ], "rationale": "The video introduces proteins with animation. Hormones, antibodies, enzymes are all common proteins.", "subject": "Biology", "textbook": "The Molecular Biology of the Ce...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biology/8.mp4
The type of substance presented in the video is __________.
videos/Biology/8.mp4
{ "A": "forming transcription templates", "B": "catalyzing many chemical reactions", "C": "maintaining structures", "D": "sensing signals", "E": "expressing genetic information" }
multiple-choice
validation_799
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JGZj6DsUZhE&t=21s
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_biosynthesis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_signaling", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enzyme", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_structure", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_code" ], "rationale": "Proteins are responsib...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biology/8.mp4
What functions might the compounds shown in the video NOT have?
videos/Biology/8.mp4