text stringlengths 0 7.84M | meta dict |
|---|---|
Q:
Trouble updating a UIImageView selected from iphone photo library
I'm using the code below to retrieve an image from the iphone photo library. self.selectedImageView.image is an image view located on top of the view of the current view controller. Everything in xcode seems linked correctly; the image view is wired and so fourth.
Problem:
After selecting an image I can see that this method is called but the new image does not update. The image view is completely blank.
Question: Is their some sort of refreshing that needs to take place after reassigning a new image to an image view?
- (void)imagePickerController:(UIImagePickerController *)picker didFinishPickingMediaWithInfo:(NSDictionary *)info
{
NSLog(@"image selected");
[picker dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:NULL];
UIImage *chosenImage = info[UIImagePickerControllerEditedImage];
self.selectedImageView.image = chosenImage;
}
A:
Try using the key UIImagePickerControllerOriginalImage instead. The key your currently using, UIImagePickerControllerEditedImage, is for accessing images that the user has edited.
-(void)imagePickerController:(UIImagePickerController *)picker didFinishPickingMediaWithInfo:(NSDictionary *)info{
// Get the image first then dismiss the controller.
UIImage *image = [info objectForKey:UIImagePickerControllerOriginalImage];
[self dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:nil];
self.selectedImageView.image = chosenImage;
}
| {
"pile_set_name": "StackExchange"
} |
In vivo and in vitro effects of Sizofiran on the human neutrophils and the serum opsonic activity.
In this paper, we examine the effects of SPG, which is a well known BRM, both in vivo and in vitro on the neutrophilic ROS production and the serum opsonic activity by the chemiluminescence technique using luminol as a probe. To investigate the in vivo effects, SPG was administered to 12 healthy male volunteers and two phases of enhancement of the neutrophilic ROS production and the serum opsonic activity was observed. In vitro, the addition of SPG showed a dose-dependent suppression. To investigate the mechanisms in these contradictory effects of SPG, supernatants of a lymphocytes culture medium in the presence of SPG with or without mitogen were added to the neutrophils. The addition of supernatants at a lower concentration of SPG (0.01 mg/ml) with mitogens showed significant preventive effects on the neutrophilic ROS production for the duration of incubation. This suggests that cytokines derived from lymphocytes may contribute to the in vivo effects of SPG. SPG can play an important role in the host's defense against microbe infections by enhancing it's effect on non-specific immunity when administered in vivo. | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
} |
Main navigation
Peanut Butter Cup Pies #apieformikey
August 13, 2011
The food blogosphere came together this week to support our own Jennifer Perillo of In Jennie’s Kitchen and her young daughters, when the shocking news of her husband’s sudden passing hit us all like a slap in the face. And we did it in the best way we know how – with food. With peanut butter pies, to be exact.
You know, I don’t know how to speak about this kind of loss – the one-minute-he’s-here-and-the-next-minute-he’s-gone kind of loss. In my life, I’ve known several and it’s never any easier, because it never makes any sense. I’ve always said that there’s not much I believe in, but I believe that everything happens for a reason, and I believe in ultimate justice. You may not see it immediately – it may take weeks, months, or even years – but you will see it. Right now, I can’t fathom any rhyme nor reason, and those words seem hollow to me.
All I can say is, I’m so sorry for your loss, Jennie. All I can do is give you a virtual hug, and hope that you can read everything I feel for you in that seemingly lame gesture.
In response to the outpouring of love and questions of “What can we do for you?” from food bloggers all over the world, Jennie wrote, “For those asking what they can do to help my healing process, make a peanut butter pie this Friday and share it with someone you love. Then hug them like there’s no tomorrow because today is the only guarantee we can count on.”
Chances are, if you Google “peanut butter pie” from here on out, you’ll have literally hundreds of choices and just as many more eloquent tributes than this one.
Peanut Butter Cup Pie
(makes about 12 mini-pies)
Ingredients:
8 oz. cream cheese (room temperature)
1/2 cup light brown sugar
3/4 cup creamy peanut butter
1/2 cup cream (light or heavy)- divided
pinch of salt
1 tsp. vanilla extract
1 large egg (room temperature)
4 oz. semi-sweet chocolate
2 Tbs. unsalted butter
Preparation:
Preheat the oven to 300º F.
In a medium bowl, beat the cream cheese with an electric mixer until it’s smooth and fluffy. Add the brown sugar, then the peanut butter, 1/4 cup of the cream, salt, and vanilla, scraping down the sides of the bowl well after each addition. Last, add the egg and beat until the entire mixture is smooth. Set aside.
In a small saucepan, over low heat, melt the butter. Add the chocolate and stir until melted. Add the remaining 1/4 cup of cream, and stir until the chocolate is smooth and glossy.
Prepare a muffin pan by lining it with foil or silicone cupcake liners. If using foil liners, give each one a small shot of cooking spray.
Using a dessert spoon, place a heaping spoonful of the chocolate mixture into the bottom of each cupcake liner. Now, spoon the pie batter over the chocolate, filling each cup about 2/3 full.
Bake for 15 – 18 minutes. The batter should still jiggle just a bit when the pan is shaken. Allow the pan and pies to cool completely on a wire rack, then refrigerate for at least several hours.
When cold and firm, flip each pie over onto individual plates and unmold to serve. Allow to warm for about 10 minutes, to get a really soft creamy texture.
Too many for one sitting? After chilling, leave them in the liners, pop into a freezer storage bag, and put them in the freezer. You can thaw just the amount you need in the future!
**************
I couldn’t make my peanut butter pies for Mikey and Jennifer Perillo on Friday, because my own Mikey was having oral surgery. In deference to his sore mouth, I skipped the crust and my beloved chunky peanut butter, and resisted the temptation to garnish with chopped peanuts. I promise you – the hugs were no less fierce.
Reader Interactions
Comments
there isn't an answer that would make any sense Renee – but am grateful for this community who will surround Jennie & her girls w/as much support as she'll let us give her; it will be a long haul, but she'll make it. i am proud to be part of the community!! and those Peanut Butter Cup pies are lookin' mighty, mighty tasty!!
I heard it was over 1,000 posts…what an amazing community and a beautiful tribute to Jennie's husband. I met Jennie just a few months ago and she is such a warm and funny person. I'm so upset for her and her girls but at the same time feel warm inside because of the reaction of our community…it's an awesome one.
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Meet Renee
Renée brings you traditional Jewish recipes, updates them for the modern cook and kitchen, but doesn’t stop there! In this eclectic food blog, you’ll also find original, as well as popular regional and ethnic recipes with a Kosher twist, and unusual jam and pickle recipes. And other stuff, too. Because she’s like that. | {
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
} |
Prenez note que cet article publié en 2016 pourrait contenir des informations qui ne sont plus à jour.
L'humoriste rimouskois Fred Dubé dénonce ce qu'il qualifie « d'hypocrisie » des humoristes, à la suite de la censure d'un numéro portant sur la liberté d'expression au Gala Les Olivier.
Il invite les humoristes à utiliser leurs nombreuses tribunes pour dénoncer la censure au sens large dans la société.
« Ils sont où, les humoristes, pour dénoncer le règlement P-6? Pour dénoncer quand Transcanada veut censurer le Québec en disant que c'est Ottawa qui a le pouvoir? [Pour dénoncer le traitement réservé à] Raif Badawi? Ils sont où les humoristes pour prendre position dans ces moments-là? » s'indigne Fred Dubé.
Ce que j'ai vu dimanche aux Olivier, c'est plus un troupeau de bourgeois qui veulent défendre le droit de faire des blagues sur des minorités qu'un vrai mouvement social. Fred Dubé, humoriste
« Évidemment, [les humoristes] ne peuvent pas être sur toutes les tribunes et dénoncer tout le temps, mais ce à quoi on a assisté, ce sont les gens les plus médiatisés au Québec qui se plaignent d'être censurés par ceux qui sont le moins médiatisés au Québec. Moi, je n'embarque pas dans cette hypocrisie-là », poursuit Fred Dubé.
Fred Dubé précise qu'il est en désaccord avec la censure du numéro de Mike Ward et Guy Nantel. Il estime que Radio-Canada aurait quand même pu diffuser ce numéro. « La faute est à Radio-Canada, qui a eu peur de diffuser le numéro par peur de judiciarisation, qui n'arrive pratiquement jamais », soutient-il.
Fred Dubé affirme d'ailleurs que la censure est fréquente en humour. | {
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
} |
EVANSVILLE, Ind. -- A Mount Vernon, Indiana, man with a history of sexual violence has been arrested after his alleged victim escaped and reported him to Evansville police.
Roy Clifford Bebout, 46, was booked into the Vanderburgh County Jail at 3:57 a.m. Saturday morning, where he remains on no bond. He faces felony charges of battery with a deadly weapon, battery by strangulation, criminal confinement while armed with a deadly weapon and kidnapping while armed with a deadly weapon.
Bebout is on the Posey County sex offender registry, classified as a violent sexual predator. He was out on probation from Marion County, where he was sentenced to 45 years for kidnapping and rape charges in 1998, according to Vanderburgh County circuit court records from 2014.
According to a probable cause affadavit, a juvenile female approached a METS bus driver Friday afternoon near the 200 block of North Main Street in the vacant parking lot of the former IGA grocery store building.
The bus driver's report to police said the girl was screaming, "He's trying to kill me."
When officers arrived, the girl was handcuffed behind her back. She told police she had been walking to work when a man in a red Dodge dually pickup truck jumped out and threatened her with a handgun.
The affadavit states that a struggle ensued between Bebout and the victim. The girl told officers she was choked and handcuffed by the man. He also tried to gag her by placing a yellow ball in her mouth, she told police.
During the struggle, the victim told police, she was able to reach pepper spray she carries and sprayed it on her alleged attacker. She then escaped and ran away to the parking lot, where the METS bus was parked, she said.
The bus driver stated he saw the man get into the red Dodge and drive away.
Officers searching the ground found a cell phone which they soon determined belonged to Bebout. A contact listed as "mom" in the phone was called and was found to be Bebout's mother. She confirmed the phone belonged to her son, that he drove a red Dodge truck and that he lived with her.
During an interview with detectives, the female victim identified Bebout in a photo lineup of six men, saying she was 90 percent sure the man in the photo was her attacker.
Police found Bebout in Princeton, Indiana late Friday night.
More:Evansville welcomes four new firefighters
More:This Southern Indiana legend is terrifying. But is it true? | Webb | {
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
} |
After a night of attempting on a bunch of fresh underwear (see those pics on VoyeurWeb), my bf and I got truly revved on and these pics were the result. I should buy get fresh undergarments more often, don't you think?! I toyed with myself a little bit very first, then he fucked me like crazy until ultimately nutting in my mouth. What a joy night that was!
A fantastic angel with a clean-shaven vagina and a verry nice body.More pleaseChris
Wrote iskretto
you are simply sexy as hell
Wrote redmage311
Rita Argiles ;)
Wrote nhfun
Me & my fella have just looked at your sexy pics which made us both sense very horny,we were wondering if u might be interested in trading a few pics with us, my fella gets excited knowing I love looking at nymphs as much as him. lincsladandlas@aol.co
Wrote tasha29
very nice, post more shortly xx
Wrote h0tty
There is nothing like an older woman displaying her stuff!!!NOW lets see it all.
Wrote Aristippo
Tophat, It's actually the east coast...Charleston, SC to be specific..Thanks for viewing me! xoxo Jen
Wrote dielvond1
vtd Superb. Absolutely beautiful. Gorgeous brests. Next time display a copy of your drivers passport because I don't beieve you're over 30. Please post again
Wrote pepelo
GENERAL COMMENT : Not including this one , this is the WORST collection I have ever seen on VW ! What happened . guys ?
Wrote SIT93
wonderfull pics from a beauty modelnice totaly nude and sweet in your nice high heel sandals i love itplease more | {
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
} |
HARRISBURG, Pa. (AP) — Pennsylvania Gov. Tom Corbett has compared the marriage of same-sex couples to the marriage of a brother and sister during an appearance on a morning TV news show.
The Republican made the remark Friday on WHP-TV in Harrisburg when asked about a statement his lawyers made in an August court filing.
The attorneys had said gay marriage licenses have no “value or legitimacy” in Pennsylvania and can’t be defended in court. They compared gay couples to children, who can’t marry because a 1996 law says marriage is between a man and a woman.
Corbett has called that statement inappropriate. On Friday, he said he thinks “a much better analogy would have been brother and sister, don’t you?”
Pennsylvania bans gay marriage, though one county has been issuing same-sex marriage licenses.
Copyright 2013 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed. | {
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
} |
7) a multiple of 25?
True
Suppose -2*s - 5*i - 5 = 0, 6*s - i - 28 = s. Suppose -3*n - s*y + 167 = -n, 0 = 3*n - y - 225. Is n a multiple of 19?
True
Is 16 + -18 + -1 + -1 + 2620 a multiple of 18?
False
Let q(z) = z**2 + 1. Let d be q(-2). Suppose 5*f + l - 1050 = d*l, 0 = -5*f + l + 1035. Is f a multiple of 10?
False
Let j(k) = -65*k - 13. Let f be j(-10). Suppose -3*o = -f + 7. Is 35 a factor of o?
True
Let y = 2145 + -1405. Is 5 a factor of y?
True
Is -10*(-12)/60*54 a multiple of 18?
True
Let a(w) = -w**2 - 7*w - 2. Let p be a(-3). Suppose -p*c + 5*c = 395. Let l = c - -119. Is l a multiple of 13?
False
Let f = -1893 + 3378. Is 33 a factor of f?
True
Does 21 divide (2 + 1)*(-213)/(-9)?
False
Let u(r) = -r**3 + 8*r**2 + 3*r + 3. Suppose -4*c + m = -37, m + 19 = -0*c + 2*c. Let s be u(c). Let w = 73 + s. Is w a multiple of 9?
False
Let h(m) = m**2 + m + 70. Does 16 divide h(39)?
False
Does 8 divide -1 - -6*27*3/6?
True
Suppose -3*m - 759 = -4539. Is m a multiple of 7?
True
Let l be (3 + 3577)/(2/(-4)). Does 12 divide (-8)/(-10) - l/50?
True
Let p = 6 + -1. Suppose 3*b - 2 = p*x, -2*x - 4*b = -5*b. Suppose -x*j - 17 = -3*j. Is j a multiple of 4?
False
Suppose 47 = 5*x - 2*q, -7 = -3*q + 5. Let u(a) = x - 4*a + 7 + 2 - 2. Is u(-6) a multiple of 14?
True
Let l(i) be the third derivative of -i**6/30 - i**5/15 + i**4/8 + 5*i**3/6 + 8*i**2. Suppose f - 1 = -4*d, -3*f - 1 = -4*d + 12. Does 14 divide l(f)?
False
Is 18 a factor of 52/39 + (-1451)/(-3)?
False
Let i(z) = -z - 1. Let t(b) = 13*b**2 + 2*b + 1. Let p(v) = 4*i(v) + t(v). Does 19 divide p(-2)?
False
Let r be 2/(-2 - 147/(-73)). Let s = 64 + -166. Let c = s + r. Does 11 divide c?
True
Let w = 25 + -21. Suppose 5*q - a - 11 = 49, 34 = w*q + 2*a. Does 6 divide q?
False
Let j(x) = -3*x**3 + 29*x**2 + 11*x + 10. Let a(w) = w**3 - 10*w**2 - 4*w - 3. Let l(t) = 11*a(t) + 4*j(t). Let s = 11 + -6. Is l(s) a multiple of 16?
True
Let p = 49 - 7. Let b = 22 + -32. Let t = p - b. Does 26 divide t?
True
Suppose 4*o + 1152 + 1032 = 2*b, -1107 = -b - o. Does 19 divide b?
True
Let j = 491 - 451. Is j a multiple of 29?
False
Let m(u) = u**3 - 6*u**2 - 8*u + 5. Let v be m(7). Let a be (-40)/(-1 - v)*-1. Suppose x - a = -x. Is x a multiple of 10?
True
Let f = 1 + -2. Let z(p) = -117*p - 3. Is z(f) a multiple of 15?
False
Let m = 14 - 10. Suppose -m*j + 4*l + 68 = 2*l, -2*j = -4*l - 46. Suppose 0 = -3*d + j - 0. Does 5 divide d?
True
Let i(v) = -399*v - 2. Does 33 divide i(-1)?
False
Is 8 a factor of 0 - (3 - -1)*80/(-5)?
True
Let o = 150 - -327. Is 5 a factor of o?
False
Suppose 5*r - y = 4*y + 5, -r - 7 = y. Let p be 4 - (-5 - (r + 0)). Is 11 a factor of (99/(-6))/(p/(-12))?
True
Let a = 13 - 8. Suppose -1 + 25 = 3*t + 3*b, -a*t = 2*b - 25. Suppose 3*h - u - 128 = 0, 0 = -3*h + t*u + 69 + 51. Is h a multiple of 11?
True
Let k be 2/11 - 92/22. Is 14 a factor of (k/10 - (-1968)/20)*2?
True
Let w be ((-4)/(-5))/((-4)/(-30)). Let p = 256 + -187. Suppose 9*i - w*i = p. Is i a multiple of 12?
False
Let g = 2592 - 2127. Does 31 divide g?
True
Suppose 4*o - 16 = 0, 5*u - 4*o = 818 + 886. Does 8 divide u?
True
Suppose -68 = -7*g - 19. Suppose 0 = g*k - 481 - 317. Is k a multiple of 19?
True
Suppose -5*d = 74 + 66. Let q = -28 - d. Does 30 divide ((-264)/(-3) - q) + 2?
True
Let k be (4/(24/(-9)))/((-6)/8). Does 31 divide (4/(4/k))/(10/465)?
True
Let y = -55 + 51. Does 6 divide 913/8 + (231/(-56) - y)?
True
Suppose -10*b = -17*b + 490. Is b a multiple of 7?
True
Let k be ((-154)/(-55))/((-2)/10). Let j be 8/(-28) - 1894/k. Let a = j - 96. Is a a multiple of 13?
True
Let v = -163 + 342. Suppose l - 2*i + v = 0, -185 = l + 3*i + i. Let o = l - -255. Does 18 divide o?
False
Does 3 divide ((-105)/40)/((-2)/16)?
True
Let q(f) = 6*f**2 + 4*f - 58. Is 6 a factor of q(-6)?
False
Let z(g) = 29*g + 6. Let m be z(6). Suppose -3*s - 2*s = -m. Is 15 a factor of s?
False
Suppose -73159 - 7553 = -19*x. Is x a multiple of 118?
True
Let q(d) = -d**2 + 3*d + 1. Let r be q(0). Is 4 a factor of ((-45)/(-6) - r)*32/4?
True
Let i(k) be the second derivative of k**4/12 + k**3/2 - k**2 - 5*k. Let n be i(-4). Suppose 4*y = 3*g - 61, n*g + y - 27 - 10 = 0. Does 10 divide g?
False
Let u = 244 - 139. Is u a multiple of 35?
True
Let j(i) = -i**2 - 12*i + 57. Does 16 divide j(-8)?
False
Does 17 divide 6/2*(154 - -16)?
True
Let u(x) = 6*x**2 + 3*x + 1000. Is 50 a factor of u(0)?
True
Let r be 6*(75/6)/5. Suppose -10*i = -7*i + w - 780, -i - 3*w = -260. Is 7 a factor of i/6 - 20/r?
True
Let j(z) = -z**2 + 10*z + 0*z**2 + 1 + 4. Suppose 2*d = 4*q - 2*q + 24, q + 36 = 4*d. Is 6 a factor of j(d)?
False
Let o = 680 - 474. Is 35 a factor of o?
False
Let b(t) = 6*t**2 + 8*t + 4. Let d be ((-9)/(-18))/(2/(-8)). Does 2 divide b(d)?
True
Let n(m) be the third derivative of m**5/30 - 13*m**4/24 + 25*m**3/6 - 11*m**2. Is n(10) a multiple of 19?
True
Let h = 56 + -63. Let k(z) = -8*z - 3. Is 7 a factor of k(h)?
False
Does 6 divide (-9)/54 - 22/12 - -458?
True
Let d(w) = -15*w - 13. Let q(o) = 22*o + 20. Let a(x) = 8*d(x) + 5*q(x). Let t(k) = -3*k**2 - 36*k - 4. Let h be t(-12). Does 12 divide a(h)?
True
Let z be (1/(-3))/((-2)/30). Let u = 10 + -7. Suppose 2*q + u*q + z*s = 45, q = 4*s - 1. Is 3 a factor of q?
False
Suppose 0*x + 12 = 6*x. Suppose x*k + 271 = 4*k - 3*j, 0 = -2*k - 3*j + 289. Is k a multiple of 35?
True
Let v(l) = 5*l**3. Let g be v(-1). Let u(a) = -14*a - 2. Let r be u(g). Suppose -2*o + r = -32. Does 21 divide o?
False
Suppose -28*a + 30*a = 1728. Suppose -3*d - d = -a. Is d a multiple of 24?
True
Let n = -2116 - -2128. Is 3 a factor of n?
True
Let g(d) = d - 2. Suppose -3*n = -4*t - 25, -3*n = -2*n - 5*t - 23. Suppose -n*l - l + 32 = 0. Is 6 a factor of g(l)?
True
Suppose -3*n = -g + 1229, -2*n = -2*g + 4*g - 2490. Is g a multiple of 19?
False
Let c = -1 - -4. Suppose -2 = -c*y - 8. Is 26 a factor of ((-104)/20)/(y/10)?
True
Let a(u) = -6*u**2 + 3*u - 5. Let w be a(6). Let h(y) = y**2 + 5*y - 144. Let l be h(0). Let k = l - w. Does 17 divide k?
False
Suppose -r + 4*c = -19, -3*c = r + r + 17. Is 3 a factor of 3/(r - 20/(-17))?
False
Let r(y) = -4*y**2 + 65*y - 7. Is 4 a factor of r(16)?
False
Suppose 10 = 3*w + 1. Suppose 27 = 5*u + w*b, -4*u = 6*b - 2*b - 20. Suppose 146 - 392 = -u*h. Is h a multiple of 19?
False
Let l = 129 + -574. Let i = l - -747. Is 47 a factor of i?
False
Let m(h) = -3*h**2 + 4*h + 729. Is 9 a factor of m(0)?
True
Suppose 6*b = 2*b - 20, -3*n + 5*b = -43. Suppose 296 = l - 2*x, 3*x - 790 - 116 = -3*l. Suppose h + l = n*h. Is 20 a factor of h?
True
Suppose 16*n + 10*n - 5850 = 0. Is 45 a factor of n?
True
Let i = -1121 + 2801. Is i a multiple of 12?
True
Is 11 a factor of (-8 + 11)*(9 - -2)?
True
Suppose 7*z - 17*z + 4140 = 0. Does 46 divide z?
True
Suppose -730 = -4*l + l - 4*k, -5*k = -3*l + 721. Suppose -2*b + 2*g + 524 = 0, b - 3*g - l = 2*g. Does 36 divide b?
False
Let r(s) = s**3 - 51*s**2 + 174*s + 33. Is r(49) a multiple of 17?
True
Let m = 49 + -91. Let q be -3 + (-15)/6*m. Is 3451/q - 1/(-6) a multiple of 17?
True
Let m(n) be the second derivative of n**4/12 - n**3/6 + 11*n**2 - 37*n. Suppose 0 = -4*q + 3*q. Is m(q) a multiple of 11?
True
Let s = 48 - 37. Suppose -s*t + 174 = -2400. Does 14 divide t?
False
Let c be (4 - 0)/(-1 + 3). Suppose -x = 4*w - 23, 6*x - c*x - 4*w = -8. Suppose 3*d - 146 = -k, -x*k = -3*d + k + 136. Does 16 divide d?
True
Suppose 22 = -4*m + 2*r, m + 0*r - r + 3 = 0. Does 5 divide 1/4 + (-142)/m?
False
Suppose 303*p = 301*p + 480. Is p a multiple of 48?
True
Let u(i) = -5*i**2 - 3*i + 2. Let l(j) = -4*j**2 - 4*j + 3. Let x(g) = -4*l(g) + 3*u(g). Let b be x(-8). Is 21 a factor of -1*(-1 + b - 34)?
False
Let w = 5439 + -3160. Does 53 divide w?
True
Let d = 1094 + -1098. Let m(z) be the second derivative of z**4/2 + 2*z**3/3 - 4*z**2 - z. Does 24 divide m(d)?
True
Let t(h) = 2*h**2 + 60*h + 30. Is t(-30) a multiple of 6?
True
Suppose -4*z - 3*z + 2380 = 0. Is 21 a factor of z?
False
Let y = -1318 - -2423. Is 5 a factor of y?
True
Let b(o) be the second derivative of o**4/12 - o**3/2 - 7*o**2/2 + o. Let p be b(5). Suppose -35 = -2*q - 5*u, -5*q + 5*u - 15 = -p*q. Is q a multiple of 3?
False
Let f(p) = 14*p + 18. Is 2 a factor of f(5)?
True
Let o(q) = -q - 1. Let m be o(7). Let i(j) = -2*j | {
"pile_set_name": "DM Mathematics"
} |
The confetti was falling after the Miami Heat's championship victory, and a rogue piece managed to find its way into Chris Bosh's mouth. Unfortunately, he couldn't seem to get it out of there.
He still looks better this year than he did showering himself in champagne last year.
Hat tip to Busted Coverage for the Vine. | {
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
} |
const express = require('express')
const router = express()
const { createWebAPIRequest } = require('../util/util')
router.get('/', (req, res) => {
const cookie = req.get('Cookie') ? req.get('Cookie') : ''
const data = {
mvid: req.query.mvid
}
createWebAPIRequest(
'music.163.com',
'/weapi/discovery/simiMV',
'POST',
data,
cookie,
music_req => res.send(music_req),
err => res.status(502).send('fetch error')
)
})
module.exports = router
| {
"pile_set_name": "Github"
} |
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Bitcoin Never Goes to Sleep – AvaTrade is one of the few brokers offer around-the-clock service and support in 14 languages.
Generous Leverage – Increase your initial capital with generous leverage and get far more exposure to trade than your account balance. Up to
Limit Your Risk – You can preset profit and loss levels by using stop losses or take profit limits when you trade. Determine the maximum amount you are prepared to risk when speculating on the price, or set a price at which you want to take profits. Future orders like Buy Stops and Buy Limits are also available.
Trade Cryptos Against Fiat Currencies – Unlike many exchanges out there, who are restricting their clients to trade only Crypto to Crypto, our clients can trade Cryptos against Fiat currencies (USD, EUR, JPY etc.), as well.
Bitcoin’s Rise to Prominence
Around 2008, Satoshi Nakamoto founded the first ever cryptocurrency, Bitcoin. At the time, a paper explaining its mechanics and the ideology behind it, was published through the Cryptography Mailing List.
The first Bitcoin software client was released in 2009, and Nakamoto collaborated with many other developers on the open-source team, never revealing his identity. By 2011, the enigmatic Bitcoin founder had disappeared. His peers then, understood how valuable this cryptocurrency was and worked feverishly to develop it to its maximum potential.
By October 2009, the world’s first Bitcoin exchange was established, and by November of that year 4 million Bitcoins had been ‘mined’. At the time, $1 was the equivalent of 1,309 Bitcoin – a fraction of a penny. Considering how widely Bitcoin fluctuates, that was a real steal: it hit the $10,000 mark within eight years.
How Bitcoin Became So Popular
Bitcoin was the first digital currency to be created. It is also the most respected, capitalised and traded cryptocurrency in the world. Cryptocurrency trading allows for maximum yield when it is volatile, due to its many ups and downs. This is precisely the reason global traders enjoy Bitcoin trading.
The media plays a big part in Bitcoin’s volatility. Whenever a breaking story surfaces, Bitcoin starts to fluctuate and traders have the opportunity to cash in. History has shown that Bitcoin traders and speculators routinely push this digital currency to the forefront of CFD trading.
It is increasingly being used as the preferred payment option for merchants, money transfers and trading purposes. Bitcoin enjoys widespread popularity as a financial trading instrument, despite no association with governments or central banks.
Bitcoins are mined with powerful computer hardware and software. A maximum of 21 million Bitcoin will be available, after which no further bitcoins will be produced. The algorithm which governs the production of Bitcoin limits the quantity that will be produced, and the rate at which they will be produced. It is a finite commodity – there is a fixed amount, and that ensures that greater demand will always prop up the price. In this way, it is similar to other finite commodities such as crude oil, silver, or gold.
Bitcoin in the News
November 2012 – WordPress started accepting bitcoins
July 2013 – Launching of a joint project in Kenya, linking bitcoin with M-Pesa, a popular East African mobile payments system.
September 2014 – TeraExchange, LLC, received approval from the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission to begin listing an over-the-counter swap product based on the price of a bitcoin, marking the first time a U.S. regulatory agency approved a bitcoin financial product.
March 2016 – The Cabinet of Japan recognised virtual currencies like bitcoin as having a function similar to real money.
December 28, 2017 – Third fork in Bitcoin created: New coin on SegWit2x chain called B2X
Need Help Trading Bitcoin?
AvaTrade offers you the opportunity to Buy (go long) or Sell (go short) on all Bitcoin trades. This service is available to you 24/7. You can use your preferred trading strategies to buy or sell Bitcoin regardless of which way the currency is moving.
We encourage you to learn more about Bitcoin trading by visiting our Trading Conditions & Charges page.
Due to price fluctuation, certain crypto pairs may be suspended and/or removed from our trading platforms periodically.
When trading with AvaTrade you are trading on the price changes of the digital coin, and not physically purchasing it. | {
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
} |
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// OpenGL Mathematics (glm.g-truc.net)
///
/// Copyright (c) 2005 - 2015 G-Truc Creation (www.g-truc.net)
/// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
/// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
/// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
/// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
/// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
/// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
///
/// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
/// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
///
/// Restrictions:
/// By making use of the Software for military purposes, you choose to make
/// a Bunny unhappy.
///
/// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
/// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
/// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
/// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
/// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
/// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
/// THE SOFTWARE.
///
/// @ref core
/// @file glm/mat2x3.hpp
/// @date 2013-12-24 / 2013-12-24
/// @author Christophe Riccio
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#pragma once
#include "detail/type_mat2x3.hpp"
namespace glm
{
/// 2 columns of 3 components matrix of low precision floating-point numbers.
/// There is no guarantee on the actual precision.
///
/// @see <a href="http://www.opengl.org/registry/doc/GLSLangSpec.4.20.8.pdf">GLSL 4.20.8 specification, section 4.1.6 Matrices</a>
/// @see <a href="http://www.opengl.org/registry/doc/GLSLangSpec.4.20.8.pdf">GLSL 4.20.8 specification, section 4.7.2 Precision Qualifier</a>
typedef tmat2x3<float, lowp> lowp_mat2x3;
/// 2 columns of 3 components matrix of medium precision floating-point numbers.
/// There is no guarantee on the actual precision.
///
/// @see <a href="http://www.opengl.org/registry/doc/GLSLangSpec.4.20.8.pdf">GLSL 4.20.8 specification, section 4.1.6 Matrices</a>
/// @see <a href="http://www.opengl.org/registry/doc/GLSLangSpec.4.20.8.pdf">GLSL 4.20.8 specification, section 4.7.2 Precision Qualifier</a>
typedef tmat2x3<float, mediump> mediump_mat2x3;
/// 2 columns of 3 components matrix of high precision floating-point numbers.
/// There is no guarantee on the actual precision.
///
/// @see <a href="http://www.opengl.org/registry/doc/GLSLangSpec.4.20.8.pdf">GLSL 4.20.8 specification, section 4.1.6 Matrices</a>
/// @see <a href="http://www.opengl.org/registry/doc/GLSLangSpec.4.20.8.pdf">GLSL 4.20.8 specification, section 4.7.2 Precision Qualifier</a>
typedef tmat2x3<float, highp> highp_mat2x3;
}//namespace glm
| {
"pile_set_name": "Github"
} |
/**
* Copyright 1993-2013 NVIDIA Corporation. All rights reserved.
*
* Please refer to the NVIDIA end user license agreement (EULA) associated
* with this source code for terms and conditions that govern your use of
* this software. Any use, reproduction, disclosure, or distribution of
* this software and related documentation outside the terms of the EULA
* is strictly prohibited.
*
*/
// Helper functions for CUDA Driver API error handling (make sure that CUDA_H is included in your projects)
#ifndef HELPER_CUDA_DRVAPI_H
#define HELPER_CUDA_DRVAPI_H
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <helper_string.h>
#include <drvapi_error_string.h>
#ifndef MAX
#define MAX(a,b) (a > b ? a : b)
#endif
#ifndef EXIT_WAIVED
#define EXIT_WAIVED 2
#endif
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// These are CUDA Helper functions
// add a level of protection to the CUDA SDK samples, let's force samples to explicitly include CUDA.H
#ifdef __cuda_cuda_h__
// This will output the proper CUDA error strings in the event that a CUDA host call returns an error
#ifndef checkCudaErrors
#define checkCudaErrors(err) __checkCudaErrors (err, __FILE__, __LINE__)
// These are the inline versions for all of the SDK helper functions
inline void __checkCudaErrors(CUresult err, const char *file, const int line)
{
if (CUDA_SUCCESS != err)
{
fprintf(stderr, "checkCudaErrors() Driver API error = %04d \"%s\" from file <%s>, line %i.\n",
err, getCudaDrvErrorString(err), file, line);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
}
#endif
#ifdef getLastCudaDrvErrorMsg
#undef getLastCudaDrvErrorMsg
#endif
#define getLastCudaDrvErrorMsg(msg) __getLastCudaDrvErrorMsg (msg, __FILE__, __LINE__)
inline void __getLastCudaDrvErrorMsg(const char *msg, const char *file, const int line)
{
CUresult err = cuCtxSynchronize();
if (CUDA_SUCCESS != err)
{
fprintf(stderr, "getLastCudaDrvErrorMsg -> %s", msg);
fprintf(stderr, "getLastCudaDrvErrorMsg -> cuCtxSynchronize API error = %04d \"%s\" in file <%s>, line %i.\n",
err, getCudaDrvErrorString(err), file, line);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
}
// This function wraps the CUDA Driver API into a template function
template <class T>
inline void getCudaAttribute(T *attribute, CUdevice_attribute device_attribute, int device)
{
CUresult error_result = cuDeviceGetAttribute(attribute, device_attribute, device);
if (error_result != CUDA_SUCCESS)
{
printf("cuDeviceGetAttribute returned %d\n-> %s\n", (int)error_result, getCudaDrvErrorString(error_result));
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}
}
#endif
// Beginning of GPU Architecture definitions
inline int _ConvertSMVer2CoresDRV(int major, int minor)
{
// Defines for GPU Architecture types (using the SM version to determine the # of cores per SM
typedef struct
{
int SM; // 0xMm (hexidecimal notation), M = SM Major version, and m = SM minor version
int Cores;
} sSMtoCores;
sSMtoCores nGpuArchCoresPerSM[] =
{
{ 0x10, 8 }, // Tesla Generation (SM 1.0) G80 class
{ 0x11, 8 }, // Tesla Generation (SM 1.1) G8x class
{ 0x12, 8 }, // Tesla Generation (SM 1.2) G9x class
{ 0x13, 8 }, // Tesla Generation (SM 1.3) GT200 class
{ 0x20, 32 }, // Fermi Generation (SM 2.0) GF100 class
{ 0x21, 48 }, // Fermi Generation (SM 2.1) GF10x class
{ 0x30, 192}, // Kepler Generation (SM 3.0) GK10x class
{ 0x35, 192}, // Kepler Generation (SM 3.5) GK11x class
{ -1, -1 }
};
int index = 0;
while (nGpuArchCoresPerSM[index].SM != -1)
{
if (nGpuArchCoresPerSM[index].SM == ((major << 4) + minor))
{
return nGpuArchCoresPerSM[index].Cores;
}
index++;
}
// If we don't find the values, we default use the previous one to run properly
printf("MapSMtoCores for SM %d.%d is undefined. Default to use %d Cores/SM\n", major, minor, nGpuArchCoresPerSM[7].Cores);
return nGpuArchCoresPerSM[7].Cores;
}
// end of GPU Architecture definitions
#ifdef __cuda_cuda_h__
// General GPU Device CUDA Initialization
inline int gpuDeviceInitDRV(int ARGC, const char **ARGV)
{
int cuDevice = 0;
int deviceCount = 0;
CUresult err = cuInit(0);
if (CUDA_SUCCESS == err)
{
checkCudaErrors(cuDeviceGetCount(&deviceCount));
}
if (deviceCount == 0)
{
fprintf(stderr, "cudaDeviceInit error: no devices supporting CUDA\n");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
int dev = 0;
dev = getCmdLineArgumentInt(ARGC, (const char **) ARGV, "device=");
if (dev < 0)
{
dev = 0;
}
if (dev > deviceCount-1)
{
fprintf(stderr, "\n");
fprintf(stderr, ">> %d CUDA capable GPU device(s) detected. <<\n", deviceCount);
fprintf(stderr, ">> cudaDeviceInit (-device=%d) is not a valid GPU device. <<\n", dev);
fprintf(stderr, "\n");
return -dev;
}
checkCudaErrors(cuDeviceGet(&cuDevice, dev));
char name[100];
cuDeviceGetName(name, 100, cuDevice);
int computeMode;
getCudaAttribute<int>(&computeMode, CU_DEVICE_ATTRIBUTE_COMPUTE_MODE, dev);
if (computeMode == CU_COMPUTEMODE_PROHIBITED)
{
fprintf(stderr, "Error: device is running in <CU_COMPUTEMODE_PROHIBITED>, no threads can use this CUDA Device.\n");
return -1;
}
if (checkCmdLineFlag(ARGC, (const char **) ARGV, "quiet") == false)
{
printf("gpuDeviceInitDRV() Using CUDA Device [%d]: %s\n", dev, name);
}
return dev;
}
// This function returns the best GPU based on performance
inline int gpuGetMaxGflopsDeviceIdDRV()
{
CUdevice current_device = 0, max_perf_device = 0;
int device_count = 0, sm_per_multiproc = 0;
int max_compute_perf = 0, best_SM_arch = 0;
int major = 0, minor = 0 , multiProcessorCount, clockRate;
cuInit(0);
checkCudaErrors(cuDeviceGetCount(&device_count));
if (device_count == 0)
{
fprintf(stderr, "gpuGetMaxGflopsDeviceIdDRV error: no devices supporting CUDA\n");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
// Find the best major SM Architecture GPU device
while (current_device < device_count)
{
checkCudaErrors(cuDeviceComputeCapability(&major, &minor, current_device));
if (major > 0 && major < 9999)
{
best_SM_arch = MAX(best_SM_arch, major);
}
current_device++;
}
// Find the best CUDA capable GPU device
current_device = 0;
while (current_device < device_count)
{
checkCudaErrors(cuDeviceGetAttribute(&multiProcessorCount,
CU_DEVICE_ATTRIBUTE_MULTIPROCESSOR_COUNT,
current_device));
checkCudaErrors(cuDeviceGetAttribute(&clockRate,
CU_DEVICE_ATTRIBUTE_CLOCK_RATE,
current_device));
checkCudaErrors(cuDeviceComputeCapability(&major, &minor, current_device));
int computeMode;
getCudaAttribute<int>(&computeMode, CU_DEVICE_ATTRIBUTE_COMPUTE_MODE, current_device);
if (computeMode != CU_COMPUTEMODE_PROHIBITED)
{
if (major == 9999 && minor == 9999)
{
sm_per_multiproc = 1;
}
else
{
sm_per_multiproc = _ConvertSMVer2CoresDRV(major, minor);
}
int compute_perf = multiProcessorCount * sm_per_multiproc * clockRate;
if (compute_perf > max_compute_perf)
{
// If we find GPU with SM major > 2, search only these
if (best_SM_arch > 2)
{
// If our device==dest_SM_arch, choose this, or else pass
if (major == best_SM_arch)
{
max_compute_perf = compute_perf;
max_perf_device = current_device;
}
}
else
{
max_compute_perf = compute_perf;
max_perf_device = current_device;
}
}
}
++current_device;
}
return max_perf_device;
}
// This function returns the best Graphics GPU based on performance
inline int gpuGetMaxGflopsGLDeviceIdDRV()
{
CUdevice current_device = 0, max_perf_device = 0;
int device_count = 0, sm_per_multiproc = 0;
int max_compute_perf = 0, best_SM_arch = 0;
int major = 0, minor = 0, multiProcessorCount, clockRate;
int bTCC = 0;
char deviceName[256];
cuInit(0);
checkCudaErrors(cuDeviceGetCount(&device_count));
if (device_count == 0)
{
fprintf(stderr, "gpuGetMaxGflopsGLDeviceIdDRV error: no devices supporting CUDA\n");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
// Find the best major SM Architecture GPU device that are graphics devices
while (current_device < device_count)
{
checkCudaErrors(cuDeviceGetName(deviceName, 256, current_device));
checkCudaErrors(cuDeviceComputeCapability(&major, &minor, current_device));
#if CUDA_VERSION >= 3020
checkCudaErrors(cuDeviceGetAttribute(&bTCC, CU_DEVICE_ATTRIBUTE_TCC_DRIVER, current_device));
#else
// Assume a Tesla GPU is running in TCC if we are running CUDA 3.1
if (deviceName[0] == 'T')
{
bTCC = 1;
}
#endif
int computeMode;
getCudaAttribute<int>(&computeMode, CU_DEVICE_ATTRIBUTE_COMPUTE_MODE, current_device);
if (computeMode != CU_COMPUTEMODE_PROHIBITED)
{
if (!bTCC)
{
if (major > 0 && major < 9999)
{
best_SM_arch = MAX(best_SM_arch, major);
}
}
}
current_device++;
}
// Find the best CUDA capable GPU device
current_device = 0;
while (current_device < device_count)
{
checkCudaErrors(cuDeviceGetAttribute(&multiProcessorCount,
CU_DEVICE_ATTRIBUTE_MULTIPROCESSOR_COUNT,
current_device));
checkCudaErrors(cuDeviceGetAttribute(&clockRate,
CU_DEVICE_ATTRIBUTE_CLOCK_RATE,
current_device));
checkCudaErrors(cuDeviceComputeCapability(&major, &minor, current_device));
#if CUDA_VERSION >= 3020
checkCudaErrors(cuDeviceGetAttribute(&bTCC, CU_DEVICE_ATTRIBUTE_TCC_DRIVER, current_device));
#else
// Assume a Tesla GPU is running in TCC if we are running CUDA 3.1
if (deviceName[0] == 'T')
{
bTCC = 1;
}
#endif
int computeMode;
getCudaAttribute<int>(&computeMode, CU_DEVICE_ATTRIBUTE_COMPUTE_MODE, current_device);
if (computeMode != CU_COMPUTEMODE_PROHIBITED)
{
if (major == 9999 && minor == 9999)
{
sm_per_multiproc = 1;
}
else
{
sm_per_multiproc = _ConvertSMVer2CoresDRV(major, minor);
}
// If this is a Tesla based GPU and SM 2.0, and TCC is disabled, this is a contendor
if (!bTCC) // Is this GPU running the TCC driver? If so we pass on this
{
int compute_perf = multiProcessorCount * sm_per_multiproc * clockRate;
if (compute_perf > max_compute_perf)
{
// If we find GPU with SM major > 2, search only these
if (best_SM_arch > 2)
{
// If our device = dest_SM_arch, then we pick this one
if (major == best_SM_arch)
{
max_compute_perf = compute_perf;
max_perf_device = current_device;
}
}
else
{
max_compute_perf = compute_perf;
max_perf_device = current_device;
}
}
}
}
++current_device;
}
return max_perf_device;
}
// General initialization call to pick the best CUDA Device
inline CUdevice findCudaDeviceDRV(int argc, const char **argv)
{
CUdevice cuDevice;
int devID = 0;
// If the command-line has a device number specified, use it
if (checkCmdLineFlag(argc, (const char **)argv, "device"))
{
devID = gpuDeviceInitDRV(argc, argv);
if (devID < 0)
{
printf("exiting...\n");
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}
}
else
{
// Otherwise pick the device with highest Gflops/s
char name[100];
devID = gpuGetMaxGflopsDeviceIdDRV();
checkCudaErrors(cuDeviceGet(&cuDevice, devID));
cuDeviceGetName(name, 100, cuDevice);
printf("> Using CUDA Device [%d]: %s\n", devID, name);
}
cuDeviceGet(&cuDevice, devID);
return cuDevice;
}
// This function will pick the best CUDA device available with OpenGL interop
inline CUdevice findCudaGLDeviceDRV(int argc, const char **argv)
{
CUdevice cuDevice;
int devID = 0;
// If the command-line has a device number specified, use it
if (checkCmdLineFlag(argc, (const char **)argv, "device"))
{
devID = gpuDeviceInitDRV(argc, (const char **)argv);
if (devID < 0)
{
printf("no CUDA capable devices found, exiting...\n");
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}
}
else
{
char name[100];
// Otherwise pick the device with highest Gflops/s
devID = gpuGetMaxGflopsGLDeviceIdDRV();
checkCudaErrors(cuDeviceGet(&cuDevice, devID));
cuDeviceGetName(name, 100, cuDevice);
printf("> Using CUDA/GL Device [%d]: %s\n", devID, name);
}
return devID;
}
// General check for CUDA GPU SM Capabilities
inline bool checkCudaCapabilitiesDRV(int major_version, int minor_version, int devID)
{
CUdevice cuDevice;
char name[256];
int major = 0, minor = 0;
checkCudaErrors(cuDeviceGet(&cuDevice, devID));
checkCudaErrors(cuDeviceGetName(name, 100, cuDevice));
checkCudaErrors(cuDeviceComputeCapability(&major, &minor, devID));
if ((major > major_version) ||
(major == major_version && minor >= minor_version))
{
printf("> Device %d: <%16s >, Compute SM %d.%d detected\n", devID, name, major, minor);
return true;
}
else
{
printf("No GPU device was found that can support CUDA compute capability %d.%d.\n", major_version, minor_version);
return false;
}
}
#endif
// end of CUDA Helper Functions
#endif
| {
"pile_set_name": "Github"
} |
Vehicle Wraps for Main Street Businesses
Turn Heads & Get Results with Vehicle Wraps
"It’s awesome. The vehicle wrap builds awareness of my business and does exactly what I wanted it to do — turn heads and get my name out there.
You have to do something more to get the phone ringing. My message is embedded in the community. When people see a Hummer or any Remax sign, they think of me. It’s a long-term saturation that goes along with other advertising you do."Bobby LittleRemax Realtor
"People say, ‘It looks very professional and you must be professional.’
I haven’t done any advertising other than my truck and some door hangers‚ and I’ve been keeping pretty busy."Jason HolmPositive Plumbing
"I ask everyone who calls me how they heard about Catch a Wave‚ and 65 percent of my calls come from my car wrap.
It’s my moving billboard. When people see my car wrap they say‚ ‘Oh my gosh‚ that’s awesome. How creative. Where did you get it?’"Angela RothmanCatch a Wave Vacations
"I ask people how they heard of me‚ and 20 percent to 30 percent of the time they say ‘I saw your truck.’"Andy ChornyLKS Painting
"If you have an unusual car that’s wrapped‚ people want to talk to you. I’ve had people waiting around my car in the supermarket parking lot.
It’s a fun‚ very easy way to market. It’s effortless."Lynn HennessyState Farm Insurance
"I’ve been installing wraps for 12 years on all kinds of vehicles and it’s a highly effective way to advertise and it builds credibility.
I didn’t leave a square inch empty on my vehicles‚" said Kaldes‚ who uses reflective film to highlight his phone number and other features.
"The results are great. Dollar to dollar if you compare the costs and exposure‚ there’s no comparison."Ray KaldesSigns of Profit | {
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
} |
Frank Hall (trade unionist)
Frank Hall (1860 – 2 December 1927) was an English trade unionist.
Hall began working at a coal mine at the age of ten, becoming a checkweighman sixteen years later. He became active in the Derbyshire Miners' Association, and was elected as its treasurer in 1907, then when W. E. Harvey died in 1914, he was elected as the new general secretary. He also served on the executive of the Miners' Federation of Great Britain from 1914.
Hall was shortlisted as the Derbyshire Miners' candidate for the 1914 North East Derbyshire by-election. He was selected by the union's executive, partly on the grounds that he was willing to run as a Labour Party candidate. However, a vote of all the union's members overturned the executive's decision, and the union's president James Martin was instead selected to stand. Instead, Hall was selected to contest Clay Cross at the 1918 general election, but he lost narrowly to the Coalition Liberal candidate, Thomas Tucker Broad.
Hall served as secretary of the Derbyshire Miners' until his death in 1927.
References
Category:1860 births
Category:1927 deaths
Category:Trade unionists from Derbyshire
Category:Labour Party (UK) parliamentary candidates | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Loving your Job and the People You Work with (by Saskia Tjepkema)
As the Dutch IT firm Schuberg Philis grew, it started to become more of an “organization.” In his keynote address Thurday, information manager Ilja Heitlager explains: “Without realising it, we created departments and hierarchy, inadvertently alienating our experts from our customer. Our people are very skilled and focused, but they were lost. In times of crisis, however, for instance if a machine broke down, multidisciplinary teams were created, with experts in the front. And the whole energy changed.”
Schuberg Philis decided to make this interdisciplinary approach their way of working all the time. They linked their experts closer to the customer, by making them fully responsible for their systems. “Our people are not running an IT machine, they are running a bank,” says Ilja. “If the machine breaks down, people can’t draw money, and they know it”.
The conversations changed. “If people are responsible for the system, and something happens, they don’t talk about the past (‘what happened’, ‘what went wrong’, ‘why did it break down?’) or about others (‘they should just…’),” says Ilja. “Instead, they talk about the future and about themselves (‘how do we solve it’, ‘how can we get the bank up and running?’).” At Schuberg Philis they call this this cupfighter mentality.
Another thing that happened is that people built more personal relations with customers. Ilja tells of finding phone numbers of the company’s engineers scribbled on whiteboards in customers’ offices. “They know whom to call, instead of just having to rely on an anonymous 0800 number.”
This year, the company decided to take this way of working to the next level. While the company used to work with chain-optimizing methods such as the theory of constraints and looking for the weakest link, this always drained the energy from the room. “I wanted to talk about: what makes people get up in the morning? What do they bring to work?” says Ilja.
With David Cooperrider the company organised a three-day Appreciative Inquiry (AI) summit, with over 200 people. Employees as well as clients, family and friends joined. “That summit ended in 16 projects. But that is not the main thing. The main thing is that it gave us 117 people the same energy and a level of affection for each other, their work and our environment, that is stronger than before. And that is what fuels our company right now, making work more meaningful and bringing our company to the next level.” | {
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
} |
WELCOME
Welcome to Our Digital Heritage, the web presence of a group of Australian researchers concerned with the heritage of the born digital. We take digital heritage to be a multi-disciplinary research area, which encompasses historical, technical, archival and legal concerns. We conduct research on a range of uses of computing, including games, media arts, the demoscene, and computer users themselves, both in Australia and beyond.
This site collects together our current projects, our archived projects, and some Australian webpages we host which are not in formal web archives.
It also has a feed from our blog, where you can read about our current and past activities,
and a list of affiliated researchers. | {
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
} |
kevinsheets’s
review published on
Letterboxd:
While i found it watchable, and can't say i particularly DISliked it. I found the whole thing uneven. I mean, is it a horror film? A crime story? A cop movie? What the hell is it? Kevin Smith's excellence for dialogue persists throughout, and the film had a strong look, but on the whole it was quite forgettable.
Report this review
kevinsheets is using Letterboxd to share film reviews and lists with friends. Get your own account. | {
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
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Mutations in subunits of the Escherichia coli twin-arginine translocase block function via differing effects on translocation activity or tat complex structure.
We have used a combination of blue-native (BN) gel electrophoresis and protein purification to analyze the effects of TatA or TatC mutations on the structures of the primary TatABC and multimeric TatA complexes in Escherichia coli. Expression of wild-type TatABC leads to the production of a single major TatABC complex of 370 kDa and a heterogeneous set of TatA complexes of <100 kDa to approximately 500 kDa. Two TatC mutations that block translocation have different effects on complex structures. P48A causes massive defects in TatABC assembly, including a marked separation of the TatBC subunits and the production of TatB and TatC aggregates. In contrast, TatABC complexes from the inactive TatC F94A mutant are structurally intact, suggesting that this mutation affects translocation activity rather than assembly. Neither TatC mutation affects the separate TatA complexes, showing that assembly of the TatA complexes is independent of TatABC assembly or activity. In contrast, three TatA mutations affect both the TatA and TatABC complexes. F39A assembles into smaller, incorrectly organized TatA complexes and the TatABC complexes contain an incorrect TatB:TatC ratio and unusually large amounts of TatA. A triple mutant in the amphipathic region forms slightly larger TatA complexes that are likewise disorganized, and a mutant containing three glycine substitutions in the transmembrane (TM) span assembles as grossly affected TatA complexes that are much larger than wild-type complexes. These mutants lead to a partial failure of TatB to assemble correctly. The data show that the amphipathic and TM regions play critical roles in TatA complex assembly. All of the TatA mutations lead to partial or substantial defects in TatABC complex formation, demonstrating that the properties of TatA can have a marked influence on the TatABC complex. | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
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*EDIT: Also, just received a very pretty black sundress :)
Winter has come, and I got a pretty fantastical Khal Drogo Pop to add to my ever growing POP collection. Also, a bodice ripper that I've had my eye on as well. Thanks so much and Merry Christmas! | {
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
} |
Q:
How can I export content-type and content from one site to another?
I got handed over a drupal 7 site with two branches, one is now in production and other is dev. I am working on dev and had to create new content types and made changes existing content types.
In the meantime other users made some changes to content-type and content. Administration want to merge content types and retain the latest content.
What is the workflow to do this kind of stuff.
In the past I only had to clone whole site so I used rsync to sync file and export/import db.
This looks like way more complicated than I anticipated as both sites have same content types but with some degree of variation in field names and types.
From my current Drupal knowledge it seems like a very complex task.
Where should I start and which approach/technique should I use?
I went through other answers and found that the Node export module can export the node but how can I export the content and map the fields from one content type to another ?
A:
Node Export
Looks like you are already familiar with the Node export module, allows users to export nodes and then import it into another Drupal installation.
Bundle copy
The Bundle copy module has support for export/import of:
Node types.
Taxonomy.
User.
Field API fields.
Field groups.
| {
"pile_set_name": "StackExchange"
} |
Q:
I want a shadow on the floor for all my objects in SWIFT / Scenekit
I'm working on an ARKit project in swift.
In SWIFT I add objects to the scene. What I want to do with those objects is show a shadow beneath them to make them more realistic. I tried some things and those all didn't work. I'll explain that here.
Please understand that I'm still new to swift. I'm creating objects programmatically in SWIFT. I thought I could do it by creating a invisible plane underneath all the objects and place a light above the scene. I learned that I can cast a shadow on an invisible plane in the Scene editor from Xcode by unchecking the "write to color" values red, green, blue and alpha. I placed a spot light above it and it worked. Now I want to do this programatically.
In swift I created the light's and the plane as shown below. I don't use a spot anymore because the scene is so large. That's why I create a really large plane. I added those to light's ambient and directional. Ambient so it doesn't look black on the side and directional so the shadow is shown. This doesn't. The objects look weirdly lit and there are no shadows.
let worldGroundPlaneGeometry = SCNPlane(width: 1000, height: 1000)
worldGroundPlaneGeometry.firstMaterial?.colorBufferWriteMask = SCNColorMask(rawValue: 0)
let worldGroundPlane = SCNNode()
worldGroundPlane.geometry = worldGroundPlaneGeometry
worldGroundPlane.position = worldPosition
worldGroundPlane.castsShadow = true
worldGroundPlane.eulerAngles = SCNVector3(Float.pi / 2, 0, 0)
self.addChildNode(worldGroundPlane)
// Create a ambient light
let ambientLight = SCNNode()
ambientLight.light = SCNLight()
ambientLight.light?.color = UIColor.white
ambientLight.light?.type = SCNLight.LightType.ambient
ambientLight.position = SCNVector3(x: 0,y: 5,z: 0)
// Create a directional light node with shadow
let directionalNode = SCNNode()
directionalNode.light = SCNLight()
directionalNode.light?.type = SCNLight.LightType.directional
directionalNode.light?.color = UIColor.white
directionalNode.light?.castsShadow = true
directionalNode.light?.automaticallyAdjustsShadowProjection = true
directionalNode.light?.shadowSampleCount = 64
directionalNode.light?.shadowMode = .deferred
directionalNode.light?.shadowMapSize = CGSize(width: 2048, height: 2048)
directionalNode.light?.shadowColor = UIColor.black.withAlphaComponent(0.75)
directionalNode.position = SCNVector3(x: 0,y: 5,z: 0)
// Add the lights to the container
self.addChildNode(ambientLight)
self.addChildNode(directionalNode)
It needs to look like this in the whole scene:
P.S. The object and shadow look the same if I render it on my phone inside the app.
I Hope you can help me find a solution to achieve the goal described above.
I hope you can help me! Thanks
EDIT:
The solution provided below is not the solution. Now my scene looks like this with still no shadow:
the code:
let worldGroundPlaneGeometry = SCNPlane(width: 1000, height: 1000)
let worldGroundPlane = SCNNode()
worldGroundPlane.geometry?.firstMaterial?.lightingModel = .constant
worldGroundPlane.geometry?.firstMaterial?.writesToDepthBuffer = true
worldGroundPlane.geometry?.firstMaterial?.colorBufferWriteMask = []
worldGroundPlane.geometry = worldGroundPlaneGeometry
worldGroundPlane.position = worldPosition
worldGroundPlane.castsShadow = true
worldGroundPlane.eulerAngles = SCNVector3(Float.pi / 2, 0, 0)
self.addChildNode(worldGroundPlane)
// Create a ambient light
let ambientLight = SCNNode()
ambientLight.light = SCNLight()
ambientLight.light?.shadowMode = .deferred
ambientLight.light?.color = UIColor.white
ambientLight.light?.type = SCNLight.LightType.ambient
ambientLight.position = SCNVector3(x: 0,y: 5,z: 0)
// Create a directional light node with shadow
let directionalNode = SCNNode()
directionalNode.light = SCNLight()
directionalNode.light?.type = SCNLight.LightType.directional
directionalNode.light?.color = UIColor.white
directionalNode.light?.castsShadow = true
directionalNode.light?.automaticallyAdjustsShadowProjection = true
directionalNode.light?.shadowSampleCount = 64
directionalNode.light?.shadowMode = .deferred
directionalNode.light?.shadowMapSize = CGSize(width: 2048, height: 2048)
directionalNode.light?.shadowColor = UIColor.black.withAlphaComponent(0.75)
directionalNode.position = SCNVector3(x: 0,y: 5,z: 0)
// Add the lights to the container
self.addChildNode(ambientLight)
self.addChildNode(directionalNode)
A:
I was playing around with your lighting setup and found the ambient light gave it a very washed out look... & the shadow seemed too unnaturally dark.
Anwway I tweaked your light setup configuration to the following. I got rid of the ambient light all together, and I added a constraint on the object node (timber box) is this case. I also controlled the lighting intensity with just one directional light.
let directionalNode = SCNNode()
let constraint = SCNLookAtConstraint(target:node)
directionalNode.light = SCNLight()
directionalNode.light?.type = .directional
directionalNode.light?.color = UIColor.white
directionalNode.light?.castsShadow = true
directionalNode.light?.intensity = 2000
directionalNode.light?.shadowRadius = 16
directionalNode.light?.shadowMode = .deferred
directionalNode.eulerAngles = SCNVector3(Float.pi/2,0,0)
directionalNode.light?.shadowColor = UIColor(red: 0, green: 0, blue: 0, alpha: 0.3)
directionalNode.position = SCNVector3((node?.position.x)! + 10,(node?.position.y)! + 30,(node?.position.z)!+30)
directionalNode.constraints = [constraint]
// Add the lights to the container
self.sceneView.scene.rootNode.addChildNode(directionalNode)
| {
"pile_set_name": "StackExchange"
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NBL1 South
NBL1 South is a NBL1 conference based in South East Australia, comprising both a men's and women's competition. In 2019, Basketball Victoria partnered with the National Basketball League (NBL) to create NBL1 to replace the South East Australian Basketball League (SEABL), Australia's pre-eminent semi-professional basketball league between 1981 and 2018. Following the merge of NBL1 and the Queensland Basketball League, the teams based in Victoria, New South Wales, South Australia and Tasmania joined the newly created South conference of the NBL1.
History
After a successful first season, NBL1 announced in October 2019 that it would be expanding into Queensland for the 2020 season. In January 2020, NBL1 expanded with the establishment of North and South conferences for the 2020 season. As a result, the 2019 NBL1 teams formed the new south conference. Whilst the Basketball Australia Centre of Excellence team withdrew ahead of the 2020 season, the Hobart Chargers and Mount Gambier Pioneers joined the conference and raised the number of teams to 18.
Current clubs
*Teams that transferred from SEABL.
List of Champions
References
External links
Official NBL1 website
Category:NBL1
Category:Basketball in Australia
NBL1 South
Category:Sports leagues established in 2020
Category:2020 establishments in Australia | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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My phone one minute was ok the other it was dead. Tryed to power on, it went to "LG life's good" and died again...and repeated for 10 times and everytime the same
Stock device. Already contacted the LG Portugal and still waiting for a repply.
My question is:
I've got some personal information on a lock gallery. How can I acess it? Also have a copy of those pics on my laptop but they are locked. Any app from LG that allows to unlock it on a laptop?
Just bought it because of the camera...no more LG for me. Going for a Nexus 6P. | {
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
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Gas turbine engines, such as turbofan gas turbine engines, may be used to power various types of vehicles and systems, such as, for example, aircraft. Typically, these engines include turbine blades (or airfoils) that are impinged by high-energy compressed air that causes a turbine of the engine to rotate at a high speed. Consequently, the blades are subjected to high heat and stress loadings which, over time, may reduce their structural integrity.
Modern aircraft jet engines have employed internal cooling systems in the blades to maintain the blade temperatures within acceptable limits. Typically, the blades are air cooled using, for example, bleed air from a compressor section of the engine. The air may enter near the blade root, and then flow through a cooling circuit formed in the turbine blade. The cooling circuit typically consists of a series of connected passages that form serpentine paths, which increase the cooling effectiveness by extending the length of the air flow path.
The internal cooling system is formed in the blade during its production. For example, if utilizing a lost wax casting process a ceramic core is produced which includes a pattern for the blade internal cooling circuit. The ceramic core is placed in a wax pattern die and wax is injected around the ceramic core to produce a wax pattern of the turbine blade. The wax pattern is dipped in ceramic slurry and dried forming a mold. The mold is then heated and the wax removed therefrom. Next, the mold is placed in a furnace, heated, and filled with a metal material to produce a turbine blade casting. Typically, the metal material is a nickel base superalloy. After the metal material solidifies and the blade is formed, the mold is removed from the blade outer surface and the internal ceramic core is chemically removed leaving internal cavities that form the cooling circuit of the turbine blade.
At times, for example, during research and development, the cooling circuit may need to be modified. Currently, modifications are made by changing the flow circuit pattern in the internal ceramic core die, and then using the modified core die to produce new ceramic cores, which are then used to produce new wax patterns and eventually new cast turbine blades. Although this process yields high quality blades, it suffers from certain drawbacks. Specifically, current modification processes are relatively expensive and extremely time-consuming, taking up to a year to perform. Consequently, schedules for research and development programs may be significantly delayed.
Attempts to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks generally have not been successful. Most processes have utilized the blade outer surface features to approximate locations of particular internal core features, and modifications have been made based on those approximations. However, in some cases, the internal core floats around within the outer shell during blade production, and the locations of the particular internal flow features are not accurately identified based on the blade outer surface. Thus, because internal cooling circuit modifications need to be extremely precise, these processes have not yielded favorable results.
Hence, there is a need for a method for modifying an internal cooling circuit of a blade that is relatively simple and efficient to employ. Additionally, it is desirable that the method yield high quality blades. Moreover, it is desirable for the method to be relatively inexpensive to practice. | {
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
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„Er is een staatsgreep erkend’’, zegt Yván Gil. De Venezolaanse vice-minister voor Europese Zaken is totaal niet te spreken over het Nederlandse besluit om zijn baas, Nicolás Maduro, niet langer te erkennen als wettig staatshoofd. Venezuela is via Aruba, Bonaire en Curaçao een buurland van Nederland. In de strijd tegen de drugssmokkel wordt intensief samengewerkt. „Dat alles loopt nu risico”, zegt Gil tijdens tijdens een gesprek in Den Haag.
Afgelopen week was Gil al in Italië, Griekenland en Noorwegen, het handjevol Europese landen dat Maduro’s concurrent, Juan Guaidó, niet heeft erkend. Later deze week volgt Rusland, de hand die Venezuela momenteel voedt. Nederland, waar Gil zondag aankwam, zit in dit rijtje vanwege de ‘ABC-eilanden’. Vorige week werd bekend dat Curaçao een ‘humanitaire hub’ wordt voor het door tekorten geplaagde Venezuela. Op verzoek van Guaidó en de VS, zei minister Stef Blok (Buitenlandse Zaken, VVD). Het leidde tot vragen, van SP en regeringspartij D66, want waar zijn de Verenigde Naties en het Rode Kruis in dit verhaal?
Premier Rutte stond vorig jaar september tijdens de Algemene Vergadering van de VN uitvoerig stil bij het belang van internationale samenwerking. Ten aanzien van Venezuela lijkt vooral sprake van nauwe Nederlands-Amerikaanse afstemming. In de Kamer zei Blok dat dit zo is, omdat de VN Nederland niets gevraagd hebben – en de VS wel.
Tijdens een gesprek zondagavond op de Venezolaanse ambassade legt Yván Gil uit wat hij de volgende dag wil gaan zeggen tegen zijn gesprekspartners op het Nederlandse buitenlandministerie: dat Nederland zo snel mogelijk in de multilaterale schoot moet terugkeren. „Als dit blijft escaleren, dan komen de historische banden onder druk te staan.”
Lees ook: Ook Curaçao in crisis door Venezuela
Nederland heeft Guaidó erkend. Wat betekent dat voor het diplomatieke verkeer met uw regering?
„Die relaties gaan verder, op basis van door ons erkende internationale verdragen: het Handvest van de VN en het Verdrag van Wenen inzake diplomatiek verkeer. De ambassades en consulaten blijven open. Tegelijk beschouwen we de erkenning als een politieke, juridische en diplomatieke aberratie. Niet voor niets zijn we begonnen met het integraal herzien van onze diplomatieke relaties. We gaan alles doen om die relatie te redden, maar de bal ligt in dit geval in het Nederlandse kamp.”
Nederland zegt: Maduro heeft vals gespeeld bij de verkiezingen.
„Alleen het Venezolaanse volk kan een presidentieel mandaat erkennen. Dus niet de EU, Nederland of de VS. Dus eigenlijk kan het ons niet zoveel schelen wat de wereld denkt, want we hebben een grondwet en een volledig werkende democratie.”
Meer dan vijftig landen denken dat uw democratie niet functioneert.
„Veel landen handelen onder druk of op verzoek van de VS. Dat zeggen ze zelf. Guaidó heeft zichzelf illegaal benoemd in een functie waarvoor hij niet één stem heeft gekregen. Het zorgelijke is niet eens zozeer dat vijftig landen een staatsgreep erkennen, maar dat internationale regels op flagrante wijze worden geschonden. En dat is zorgelijk voor de héle wereld.”
Mensen vluchten weg uit Venezuela. U veroorzaakt regionaal een migratieprobleem. Dat geeft de internationale gemeenschap toch wel enig recht van spreken?
„Die problemen worden overdreven en gepolitiseerd, om een regering aan te kunnen vallen die ideologisch niet bevalt.
Venezuela heeft zonder meer economische problemen, omdat we sinds enkele jaren te maken hebben met restrictieve maatregelen en internationaal niet aan leningen kunnen komen. We kunnen minder voedsel kopen via reguliere kanalen. Ze bevriezen onze rekeningen. Er zit meer dan 30 miljard dollar in het buitenland vast en we zijn 350 miljard euro aan economische groei misgelopen.”
En dat is wat de honger veroorzaakt in Venezuela?
„Er is geen honger in Venezuela.”
Minister Blok noemt de situatie „heel gruwelijk”.
„Dat is irrationeel. Uw minister beschikt niet over de competenties of de cijfers om te kunnen volhouden dat er honger is. Je kunt geen diplomatie bedrijven op basis van subjectieve informatie. Dat er honger is, is een grote leugen, die wordt gevoed om een heel volk te onderwerpen. In de Human Development Index staan we op plek 78. Boven Brazilië, Peru, Colombia. De beschikbaarheid van levensmiddelen is afgenomen, maar internationaal voldoen we nog aan de normen.”
Blok zegt: we brengen hulp naar Curaçao, zodat die al in de buurt ligt als de grenzen opengaan.
„De grenzen zijn niet dicht.”
De hulp komt dus het land binnen?
„Er komen elke dag voedsel en medicijnen Venezuela binnen, via reguliere kanalen. De humanitaire hulp is een excuus om te kunnen interveniëren in Venezuela. Er wordt hulp geboden alsof we bedelaars zijn. Als Nederland echt zo bezorgd is, moet het ons helpen met het ontdooien van tegoeden. Er zijn meer dan 190 landen op de wereld en de overgrote meerderheid daarvan heeft het internationaal recht gerespecteerd. En er is een andere groep landen die onder druk staat van de VS.”
De Nederlandse regering staat onder Amerikaanse druk?
„Ja, dat geloven wij wel. Natuurlijk staat ze dat. In de afgelopen dagen eiste de Amerikaanse vice-president Mike Pence dat de voltallige EU Guaidó erkent. Dat verzin ik niet. We zeggen al twintig jaar dat de Amerikanen uit zijn op onze olie. Dit is een ordinaire roof.”
Wat zou het Nederlandse belang zijn om de VS te volgen?
„De diplomatie in de wereld is geïdeologiseerd. Toen Sint Maarten getroffen werd door orkaan Irma hebben we meteen hulpgoederen gestuurd. Niet unilateraal, maar in overleg. De Nederlandse regering coördineert momenteel niets met ons. Hoe kunnen we iets afslaan, als er geen enkel formeel aanbod is? Er is alleen een mediashow over een humanitaire hub.”
De EU is een internationale contactgroep begonnen om uit de impasse te komen. Staat u daar open voor?
„Woensdag komt er een missie van deze contactgroep. Wij willen dialoog, maar wel met een open agenda. Dus geen eisen vooraf.”
U bedoelt: het is uitgesloten dat Maduro een stap opzij zet.
„Ja, precies, want dan is het geen dialoog meer.”
Een versie van dit artikel verscheen ook in NRC Handelsblad van 19 februari 2019 | {
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Getting To The Point – Experts
Ways To Allow You To Vend Your Real Estate To The Real Estate Investing Ornaization
The property investment is gaining popularity by the day. A lot of investors are now getting into the business of building the real estate and selling them. The society prefer to buy the already made house rather than buying and starting the construction project. An increase of the selling of the real estate is making the practice challenging even to the agencies. The supply is superseding the demand.
It is difficult to sell a house unless you have the criteria to be in a position to sell it with no time. Involving the realtors is not a perfect solution either. This is because most home buyers like to go directly to the owner of the home instead of following the agency. It is because people are familiar with the lies in the real estate today. The best trick nowadays is to sell the home yourself because you are likely going to sell the home faster and again you will avoid the charges that the agencies would charge you. It is possible to sell your property at an affordable cost to draw the attention of several buyers to open the doors of selling the property quick. Discussed in the article are the things that can enable you to sell your real estate quick and make a lot of profit.
It is not possible to change the location of your property. But making it possible for the real estate investment company to access your property is the best thing you can do. You can do this by making the road to your home passable and comfortable for them to get in there. On the same, you need to make sure you improve the way in a way that it can take them a short duration to access the main roads and the shops form your property. It is a good way to create some competition among several real estate agencies.
Pricing the home right is another important aspect you need to consider. It is because there is no buyer who can enter into a deal over an overrated home.
The first impression of by the customers of the home is very crucial. You need to make your home look good by keeping the grass short, make the lawns to look beautiful or you can even plant new flowers and do some painting.
Still, you need to involve some marketing agents such as the close friends when you need to sell your property fats and at a profit. You can as well post photos online. | {
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The study is comparing the efficacy and safety of heater probe or injection therapy for ulcers (actively bleeding, non-bleeding vivible vessel, or adherent clots) versus medical-surgical treatment. This is a randomized controlled trial of endoscopic treatments for bleeding peptic ulcers and long term follow-up of patients. | {
"pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter"
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Attorney General Bill Barr telling a Senate committee that he’s going to look into whether FBI and/or DOJ officials illegally surveilled the Trump campaign ahead of the 2016 election has Rep. Adam Schiff living in fear for America’s “democratic institutions.” Don’t be drinking anything when you read this:
The casual suggestion by the nation’s top law enforcement officer of “spying” may please Donald Trump, who rails against a “deep state coup,” but it strikes another destructive blow to our democratic institutions. The hardworking men and women at the DOJ and FBI deserve better. https://t.co/7kJfsU8Rv0 — Adam Schiff (@RepAdamSchiff) April 10, 2019
Well, there’s only one word for that:
Hilarious. https://t.co/Z6OaH6sjtY — Jay Tee Ell Oh Ell (@jtLOL) April 10, 2019
And that’s the word! But Comey, Strzok, Page and Loretta Lynch surely appreciate Schiff for defending them so forcefully.
The guy who spent over two years pushing the “collusion” BS is worried that Bill Barr is damaging “democratic institutions”?
Ohhh but I guess it is different than a casual suggestion by one of the nation's top intelligence committee chairs of "collusion" by the President of the United States. That definitely doesn't strike a destructive blow to our democratic institution… — David Bayard (@CoachBayard) April 10, 2019
The very man pushing a false narrative to support an attempted coup against a democratically elected President has the audacity to decry a “destructive blow to our democratic institutions” with zero irony. — FarmJoe the Cat (@poster112) April 10, 2019
Oh you mean like claiming you have evidence of collusion? Your time is coming pencil neck.. #Genesis #RussiaHoax — Deplorable Beto (@BetoDeplorable) April 10, 2019
What a shameless clown. | {
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
} |
Từ ngày ta trở thành người gác mộ, ta đã biết đến nghĩa trang Lutz.
Ta không được phép ngủ lại nơi đây
Những người tốt thì được chôn cất nơi dây, còn quỷ dữ thì chôn xác bên ngoài
Dối trá ! Tuy nhiên, đó lại là lời dối trá đầy thú vị.
Những đồng tiền bẩn tưởi này bỗng trở thành tấm vé đưa ta đến với nghĩa trang Lutz.
Vì Lutz, tất cả đều xứng đáng.
Ah, thứ ánh sáng chết tiệt này
Ta có thể cảm nhận được nỗi kinh sợ trong những linh hồn tội lỗi này.
Quái vật ư ? Là ta ? Hay là chính bọn chúng ?
Tất cả thật lố bịch, giờ ta chỉ biết rằng định mệnh đang gọi tên ta.
| {
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Millions of users submit queries to search engines, provider websites, or merchant websites every day. Often the users are looking for information that is stored as structured data. Many merchants and providers store information about their products and services as structured data such as tables of attributes having various values associated with the products and services. Examples of structured data include product catalogs, travel databases about hotels, airlines or rental cars databases, and image databases.
While storing information as structured data may make it easier to use the data to populate webpages or catalogs or to generate reports, for example, the use of structured data may cause problems with respect to traditional keyword based methods for fulfilling queries. Typically, the language used by users posing queries is different from the representation used in the underlying structured data. For example, the query “brown sweater” may fail to match a product having structured data that includes the color “chestnut” using traditional text based or keyword based searching methods even though the product may in fact be relevant to the query. | {
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
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Background {#Sec1}
==========
Medical school is an emotional experience for students. The influence of emotion on cognition is well recognized. Emotions affect learning of complex skills and knowledge and transferring information into new scenarios \[[@CR1]\]. From the psychological and cognitive view it is believed that negative emotions narrow individuals' momentary thought-action repertoires by calling forth specific action tendencies (e.g., attack, flee), whereas many positive emotions broaden individuals' momentary thought-action repertoires, prompting them to pursue a wider range of thoughts and actions \[[@CR2], [@CR3]\].
In neurology, interviewing and examining the patient are crucial skills in both diagnosing and excluding a disease, as well as in the follow-up of disease progression. There is a need to develop effective educational experience in neurology as it has been reported that students experience neurology as a difficult topic, and some ascribe this to insufficient knowledge and poor teaching \[[@CR4]\]. These experiences may have effect on number of medical students who continue to pursue careers in clinical neurosciences. Other factors that lead students to pursue or avoid careers in neurology have been related to emotional experiences during training \[[@CR5]--[@CR8]\].
Jozefowicz first represented a term 'neurophobia' describing it as a phenomenon where medical students are unable to apply knowledge of basic neuroscience to a clinical situation \[[@CR5]\]. The 'symptoms' include intimidation, boredom and in some individuals, a cynical and nihilistic attitude towards neurological diseases in later career. A major 'sign' is inability to localise focal lesions in the nervous system. Although the term 'neurophobia' is informal, results of any such suggestion may in worst scenarios lead to real clinical consequences, and phenomena thus needs recognition, as many common neurological diseases among ageing populations worldwide are increasingly treated by primary health care physician \[[@CR6], [@CR9]\].
Previous studies suggested that integrating basic science and clinical neurology into medical school training in the form of group work and case-based exercises could reduce stress related to neurological studies \[[@CR10]\]. However, solid qualitative evidence showing the effect of such interventions is lacking \[[@CR11]\] nor have the causes for negative anticipation in neurological studies, which may differ from other issues in academic performance, such as procrastination, been extensively studied \[[@CR12]\]. The amount of negative anticipation towards neuroscience that exists in Finland and factors that could reduce the incidence are not known. Evaluation is valuable as although being a common phenomenon \[[@CR9]\], the degree of these attitudes and emotions may not be consistent between different countries or regions \[[@CR7]\].
It is commonly acknowledged that the development of clinical reasoning skills is the most important goal of medical studies \[[@CR9]\]. Clinical reasoning requires problem solving skills, which can be acquired by structured teaching \[[@CR13], [@CR14]\]. A good clinical teacher or an enthusiastic senior colleague may powerfully nurture learning by seeing the student's point of view and applying pedagogic theories to teaching \[[@CR14]\].
Teaching medical students how to perform a neurological examination is a challenge. It is not clear whether students are able to adopt hypothesis-based level of neurological examination, where clinical hypotheses that arises from the interview of a patient, steers the examination \[[@CR15], [@CR16]\]. Therefore, with regard to performing a neurological examination, some authors have concluded that it may be better to teach them more categorical screening type skills rather than how to formulate hypotheses \[[@CR15], [@CR17]\].
In Finland, all five universities use national learning objectives for medical students, although the curricula differ slightly between them. For example, in Oulu University, most neuroanatomy modules are incorporated into pre-clinical studies, and clinical neurology and clinical neuroanatomy are taught during the 4th year of study. In contrast, in Tampere University, neuroanatomy is integrated into clinical neurology during the 2nd to 3rd and 5th to 6th years of study. Approximately 135 students in Oulu University and 100 students in Tampere University attend these clinical courses each year. Clinical teaching is structured and takes place within small groups of 6--12 students, with the focus on clinical neuroanatomical knowledge. In practice, during a 4-week contact-teaching period, students examine patients with various neurological-related complaints, both in outpatient clinic and hospital ward settings. The training takes place within small groups, as well as individually, under the guidance of a clinical teacher. During this period, a thorough neurological examination is introduced but the focus is on the screening type of neurological examination, with some level of hypothesis-based examination in different clinical situations. The students receive constant, direct and individual feedback from teacher regarding their progress and performance. Students give both spontaneous oral feedback after each sessions as well as compulsory written feedback using a structured form and free word after the clinical course.
Clinical teachers are mainly responsible for teaching students how to conduct a neurological examination, although senior staff in the hospitals as well as health care centres are involved in some educational tasks besides their clinical work. Some Finnish universities require that all clinical teachers have a pedagogic education background, whereas others recommend it. At present, practically all clinical teachers of neurology in Finland have studied university pedagogy, at least to some extent.
This study was completed in two medical schools in Finland, Oulu and Tampere, during 2015. The aim of this study was to explore the types of negative emotions Finnish medical students have towards neurology and how to reduce these.
Methods {#Sec2}
=======
Phase 1: Online survey and content analysis {#Sec3}
-------------------------------------------
One hundred and thirty-five students (Oulu: *n* = 95; Tampere: *n* = 40), were invited to take part in an anonymous survey, using an online survey tool (Webropol) after completing their clinical neurology course. No ethical approval was required by the Regional Ethics Committee of Northern Ostrobothnia Hospital District. A written consent was obtained from the study subjects before entering the study. The purpose of the first phase online survey was to study attitudes and experiences widely.
The open-ended questions in the questionnaire for the assessment of experiences and attitudes in neurological studies were:'What were your experiences of your neurological studies compared to those of other specialties?' 'Please elaborate on the reason for these'.'Please describe your experience of performing a neurological examination on a patient. What was a) the most difficult aspect and b) the most interesting aspect?''Please state how capable you feel about a) conducting a neurological examination of a patient and b) interpreting the neurological findings of the examination'.'Has your attitude towards neurological patient examinations changed since you completed the clinical course and, if so, how?'
Content analysis {#Sec4}
----------------
Open questions in the first phase of the study explored students' experiences. Both positive and negative experiences were screened. Descriptions of emotions were picked out and classified as negative in case of e.g. anger, anxiety, fear, and positive if they conveyed optimism, contentment, and happiness. In categorization we followed the widely used terms in Emotion Report Forms \[[@CR18]\]. We focused on negative experiences and in the narrative phase of the study explored this further among the students that expressed them.
We used content analysis to explore the emotions and to examine trends and patterns in attitudes \[[@CR19], [@CR20]\]. The change of the nature of emotions before and after the clinical neurological course was evaluated. Emergent coding of categories expressed negative/positive emotion took place after a preliminary examination of the data. To control for reliability and validity, an intra- and inter-rater assessment was done. First, H.A. and M.S. independently reviewed the data and searched for descriptions related to emotions. The results were then compared, and differences were reconciled by consensus. After reconciliation of the data, a consolidated checklist was drawn up, and H.A. and M.S. applied the coding. The reliability of the coding was checked by comparing the results, which revealed a good level of reproducibility. To determine the intra-rate stability, a second round of coding took place 6 months later. The results showed good reliability.
Phase 2: Narrative interview {#Sec5}
----------------------------
In the narrative phase of the study, an invitation to attend a personal interview was sent to the initial online survey responders (*n* = 58). Of these, 11 (21%) students were willing to relinquish their anonymity and participate in face-to-face interviews.
Narrative method {#Sec6}
----------------
The narrative analysis is commonly used in social sciences \[[@CR21]--[@CR23]\]. The basic premise of narrative inquiry is that people make sense of themselves and their world by telling stories \[[@CR21]\]. The narrative interviews with the medical students lasted 20--30 min and were conducted as described previously \[[@CR22], [@CR23]\]. Confidentiality was assured, and a relationship between the interviewer and interviewees was established. The interview consisted of asking the students to tell stories related to their experiences of the clinical neurology course, using open-ended prompts.
For this study, we systematically selected two cases, Tomi and Petri, for examination. We used a critical case strategy by selecting medical students who would contribute the most towards understanding students' experience of emotions and success in neurological studies. The cases selected made a point clearly, were particularly information rich \[[@CR24]\] and expressed themselves vividly \[[@CR25]\].
The literature presents various approaches to conducting narrative analysis \[[@CR23], [@CR26], [@CR27]\]. The narrative inquiry that we applied here involved emplotment \[[@CR26], [@CR27]\]. Like Ricoeur \[[@CR28]\], we take the view that the plot brings together goals, causes and chance within the temporal unity of a whole action. In particular, when emplotting Tomi's and Petri's narratives our goal was to explicate how their experiences in participating the clinical neurology course influenced their emotions towards neurology. The emplotment began by specifying the outcomes in Tomi's and Petri's narratives. The main outcome was considered a positive change in students´ emotions towards neurology after the course. Then, with reference to the data, the interviewee was asked about how the change happened, and we began seeking clues from the interviews that seemed to 'explain' the change and to reduce negative emotions towards neurology. When constructing the final version of the students' case descriptions, we arranged the data elements chronologically. To give a voice to the students we utilized many direct quotes from their talk. We also analysed the way the students talked, especially central expressions that they used when they talked about their experiences during the clinical neurology course, because it helped us to understand their purposes and actions. At the end of both case descriptions, we present a short summary of the cases where we explicate how the process of change happened, and what factors seemed to facilitate the change. We also connect the students' narratives to the broader theoretical framework that was used to interpret the narrative.
Results {#Sec7}
=======
Internet survey {#Sec8}
---------------
Of 135 students, 58 (35 females and 23 males, 43%) responded to the initial online survey. Of these, 43 (74%) were from Oulu University, and 15 (26%) were from Tampere University. All the 58 questionnaires were completed correctly, and all the data were therefore usable.
Content analysis {#Sec9}
----------------
At the beginning of the clinical neurology course, 20 (34%) of the responders (14 \[33%\] from Oulu University and 6 \[40%\] from Tampere University; 12 females and 8 males) conveyed negative emotions.
The analysis of the data revealed that emotions could be categorised to: insecurity about personal performance (*n* = 19; 95%), anxiety (*n* = 9; 45%) and fear (*n* = 6; 30%). In half of the cases (*N* = 10), both sexes reported more than one emotion. All three emotions (insecurity, anxiety and fear) were more common among males (2/8; 25%) than females (2/12; 17%). The distribution of emotions experienced before the course is illustrated in Fig. [1](#Fig1){ref-type="fig"}.Fig. 1Distribution of reported emotions before the clinical neurology course, according to the student's gender
During the course the combined negative emotions (insecurity, anxiety, fear) decreased in the majority of students (16/20, 80%), remained unchanged in some students (3/20, 15%) and could not be evaluated in one case (5%). Insecurity observed in 19 cases decreased significantly (18/19, 95%), but remained unchanged in one case (5%). Anxiety and fear decreased in most students (6/9, 67% anxiety; 4/6, 67% fear) and remained unchanged in one third of cases (3/9, 33% anxiety; 2/6, 33% fear). The histogram in Fig. [2](#Fig2){ref-type="fig"} illustrates the number of reports and the trends in change.Fig. 2Trends in the change of emotions among medical students before and after the course in clinical neurological studies
Students' open ended answers unanimously pointed out that improvements in examination skills mainly explained the decrease in negative emotions. The students considered structured neurological examination instruction and practice beneficial. Most of the students viewed developing an understanding of how to interpret the neurological findings as the main reason for the decrease in their negative emotions.
Narratives {#Sec10}
----------
Total of 11 (21%) of the 58 online survey responders, were willing to relinquish their anonymity and participate in 20--30 min face-to-face interviews.
Below, we present the experiences of Tomi and Petri of their clinical neurology studies and the emotions they experienced.
**Tomi's case:**
Before the clinical neurological course, which took place during the 5th year, Tomi said: *'I was anxious about having to deal with difficult neurological diseases, such as Parkinson's disease and stroke. During the study break, I worked on a primary healthcare ward and met a patient with end-state Parkinson's disease who had swallowing difficulties. I found it difficult to make medical decisions. I was not ready to take responsibility for such a severe case'.*
Above Tomi described well his anxious feelings towards neurology. It seems that his challenging experiences in working on a primary healthcare ward even increased his anxiety. The reason for his anxiety were '*difficult neurological diseases, such as Parkinson's disease and stroke'.* Tomi assumed that both acute and chronic neurological diseases were severe. This gave rise to anxiety about his ability to manage neurology patients. He concluded: *'My skills are not at an adequate level to treat difficult neurological cases'.*
Tomi further noted:"*'Before starting the clinical course, we had all taken part in tutored practice on neurological examination, and I had practiced it also at work. I was able to do "the tricks", but I didn't understand their clinical significance'.*"
Here Tomi's expression '*I was able to do the tricks'* shows well that his learning had been on a superficial level, and deeper learning with understanding was missing."*'My motivation to learn was good, due to primary experience. During the course, I recognised the learning objectives better. Even if I did not have the chance to study all the patients myself, it was helpful to observe the examination of patients with different sorts of neurological complaints'.*"
He was aware that he had forgotten what he had learned earlier about anatomical nervous system structures and basic clinical neurology.
Tomi also noted:"*'Pieces finally clicked into their place in the neurological examination'.*"
During the clinical studies, Tomi felt comfortable examining a patient when the teacher was present, as the teacher guided him through the structured neurological examination, as illustrated below:"*'It was important to see how an examination should be done and to observe abnormal findings, such as a clonic reflex'.*"
Although Tomi felt that it was important to be able to examine several patients, he also felt that the quality of the teaching was more important than the quantity of the patients observed. Furthermore, he remarked that a friendly and open-minded atmosphere made it easier to ask questions and discuss the patient cases freely.
During the rounds at the university hospital, he met tertiary care patients with rare and severe neurological conditions. He met these patients without having a comprehensive knowledge on their diseases, although he had read their case records. He recounted the following:"*'Things proceeded too fast and the information was way too complex! For example, during the clinical rounds, one specialist immediately engaged in a complex discussion of the clinical problem, including a huge amount of detailed information. In that situation, his questions were difficult to comprehend, and I was unable to come up with answers. As a result, I felt stupid'.*"
Tomi further elaborated on the problems experienced during the clinical rounds, as follows: *'The specialist did not seem to understand our level of knowledge or remember what it had felt like to be a student. It would have been helpful if the senior doctor had clarified his decision-making process. The decision-making seemed to be based on intuition, and he did not explain the process that led to the decision. As a result, I felt that I learned less than I should have in these situations. However, during other clinical rounds, an esteemed senior doctor talked casually before the rounds, and this created a relaxed atmosphere'.* "*'I think that it is important, particularly during rounds, to create a welcoming atmosphere, where even stupid questions are allowed and where a student can ask for clarification if he/she does not understand the question. To improve learning, I feel it is important to dare to be stupid!'*"
Here Tomi expresses his frustration on the experienced poor teaching skills of a senior doctor and comments on the importance of pleasant atmosphere during teaching sessions."'*In the outpatient clinic, if I do not have a clear hypothesis at the outset, I just start to take a patient history and then examine the patient. Today, after I have taken a complete patient history and examined the patient, I feel I can arrive at a working diagnosis. I also feel more confident about consulting specialists'.*"
The data above shows that Tomi's self-confidence is nowadays much better than it was in the in the outpatient clinic.
Since completing his clinical neurology studies, Tomi has met several neurological patients at different clinics, and he feels at ease with the examinations. At the emergency clinic, he has also been able to incorporate hypothesis-based reasoning into the neurological examination."*'Concerning the patient examination, I now understand how to diagnose signs and symptoms at the neuroanatomical level. Since completing the course, I have seen a number of patients, most of whom have subacute cerebral symptoms. In all cases, I have been able to figure out the level of neuroanatomical symptoms and signs quite quickly'.*" "*'If I have studied the case carefully, I am better able to discuss the problem with the senior consultant. In many cases, I have identified the source of the problem. I feel much more confident when examining different patients, and I am not afraid anymore. Most of the time, I am able to consult the right specialist, and I reach the correct diagnosis'.*"
Summary of Tomi's case {#Sec11}
----------------------
Tomi had earlier experience of dealing with patients with neurological diseases on a primary health care ward. Prior to starting his clinical neurology studies, he felt that his pre-clinical preparation was sufficient. He also had hands-on experience of conducting neurological examination. He felt that this experience provided a solid foundations for the clinical neurological course. He felt demotivated by the busy atmosphere during the rounds and rare tertiary care patients. He did not understand the level of knowledge that senior specialists expected him to have. He felt that the communication between the students and senior doctors was inadequate. His experiences of busy rounds and senior doctors made him feel inferior. He did not learn well in these situations. He also felt that he should have received more tuition in diagnostic reasoning skills. The main positive elements of his learning experience were structured teaching with varying teaching sessions. The increase in self-confidence decreased Tomi's anxious feelings. The negative elements were related to emotional experiences during the course.
Petri's case {#Sec12}
------------
Petri had studied neuroanatomy (2nd year) and neurological diseases (3rd year). He remarked:"*'Neuroanatomy did not interest me... I knew that it was important, but I did not study it that well, and I was not interested either. However, this made the following courses difficult'.*"
The data above shows that Petri's motivation of learning neuroanatomy was quite low although he seemed to appreciate the topic.
Petri further noted:"*'The neurological diseases I knew about were gloomy and depressing. They are progressive, and there is no cure for them. They frightened me. Some members of my family had multiple sclerosis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, so I had personal experience of the diseases, and I felt anxious. At work, I had met stroke patients. As I had no neurology training, it found my dealings with them difficult, I felt I should have paid more attention to neurology studies'.*" "*'Neurological studies took a lot of time. I felt anxious and fearful because I did not have enough knowledge to do this course!'*"
Above Petri used many string emotional expressions like "they frightened me" and "I felt anxious" that showed well that he had negative anticipation already before the studies. The main reason for this seemed to be the fact that he had "personal experience of the diseases" because some of his family members had had neurological diseases. He also felt that he did not have enough neurology training to deal with stroke patients.
He had to study a lot to learn neuroanatomical basics, in addition to clinical practice, which was time consuming, as noted below:"*'I studied a lot. The integration of basic neuroscience and clinical examinations made me feel more confident. We met several patients and practiced neurological examinations so many times that I did not have to think about the mechanical performance and therefore had time to engage in clinical reasoning'.*"
The data above shows that Petri's self-confidence was improved through the integration of basic neuroscience and clinical examinations. This was a turning point of his narrative.
During the rounds, he found dealing with tertiary care patients (e.g. those with refractory epilepsy) confusing because of the complexity of symptomatology and treatment options. He also felt that managing acute stroke was more difficult and demanding than managing other neurological diseases and that his emotional stress level was greater when he met patients with progressive neurological diseases. However, he realized that there were many common neurological symptoms and disorders and that he should focus mainly on them."*'I felt uncomfortable when meeting patients who had been told they had a rare, fatal disease when their symptoms had at first seemed benign. This interfered with my diagnostic reasoning'.*"
Further, he emphasised: *'Neurological diseases, they ARE just more complex than other diseases!'*
Although Petri's self-confidence increased with the developing skills in neurology, anxious feelings did not disappear.
After the clinical neurological course, while working during the summer break, he met several patients with neurological symptoms*.* Strokes made him feel anxious, as they are so common, and there is a lot to study, as shown below:"*'Some of the symptoms were difficult to define. It helped when I performed a thorough neurological examination. However, I had to keep an open mind. The differential diagnosis: that was difficult. Still, I felt I had sufficient knowledge on the most common types of neurological diseases to deal with the cases'.* He added: *'I felt good at work and liked neurology. I could even diagnose a cluster headache!'*"
For students dealing with negative emotions towards neurology, Petri says they need to realise that it will take time to amass the knowledge needed to understand clinical neurology."'*Neurology is such a wide and difficult discipline, and I revere it. To learn, you have to study hard, more so than with other specialties. However, I know now that it can be done!'*"
Here Petri's talk is decisive; he has found a resolution for overcoming his challenges in "study hard". Petri knows what he wants for the future and therefore uses utterances such as "*I know now that it can be done!'*
Summary of Petri's case {#Sec13}
-----------------------
Petri was not interested in neurology before the clinical course. He had neglected pre-clinical neurological studies because they caused him anxiety. Personal experience of neurological disease in his family had given rise to feelings of fear. During the course, structured teaching, practice and a good atmosphere motivated him to learn. Extensive studying further helped. Active participation in teaching sessions and self-directed learning increased his confidence. Poor preparedness on his part for clinical neurology and encounters with frightful diseases decreased his motivation. Today, Petri is confident about dealing with acute neurological patients but continues to feel emotional stress in relation to neurological diseases. Thus, he has not considered neurology as his future specialty.
Discussion {#Sec14}
==========
In this study, the complexity of neurology and the interpretation of clinical findings were the main causes of negative emotions among the students. Structured teaching effectively reduced these emotions towards neurology, whereas non-structured teaching seemed to increase such emotions. In structured medical teaching, the learning objectives are clear and appropriate, and teachers' didactic methods are suitable for small groups, with supervision and immediate feedback. The teaching focuses on common neurological symptoms and diseases and proceeds from the signs and symptoms to a diagnosis. In Finland, students are expected to acquire the skills needed to work in general practice during their clinical neurology studies. The findings of the present study provide further evidence that the integration of basic neuroscience, anatomy and clinical neurology into training improves problem solving in neurology \[[@CR29]--[@CR32]\].
The students in this study were in the final stages of their studies, and they were about to enter their working lives, with their current attitudes and experiences. We believe that this was an appropriate time to evaluate their learning experiences and self-assessment of their clinical neurological skills. In the voluntary internet survey, a 43% compliance rate was reached, and those who participated returned completed questionnaires, all of which were included in the study. Although the narrative examples are those of two male students, their attitudes were representative of those of the other students with negative anticipation in the cohort and logical generalizations are still possible in the sense of \"if it happens there, it can happen anywhere\" \[[@CR24]\].
The findings showed that students' preconceptions can change. The narrative part of the study demonstrated that Tomi and Petri did well in their neurological studies and that they are gifted students. Despite this, they had negative emotions towards neurology and their ability to learn it. The negative emotional experiences arose from past exposure to neurology. In Tomi's case, this was a patient with end-stage Parkinson's disease, and in Petri's case, it was severe neurological diseases in the family. Tomi also felt that poor communication with the instructors and poor teaching skills among senior doctors increased his anxiety and affected his self-esteem. In contrast, Petri had high demands towards his own level of knowledge, which caused feelings of inadequacy in neurology as well. In both students, these emotions disappeared during the clinical course. Not only Tomi and Petri but also the other participants reported that structured teaching and increased exposure to patients were the most helpful methods to enhance learning in neurology and to overcome the emotional obstacles to learning. It also seemed that with the developing clinical skills in neurology the self-confidence increased, which had a positive effect on the anxious emotions of the students. These two narratives represent cases who expressed negative emotions in both online survey and narrative interview. In both cases negative anticipation decreased during the course. We believe that they are representative examples in the cohort and also represent the substance relevant to our study question.
The method used in this study combined qualitative and quantitative methods. The methodology used in this study is new in the field of neurological pedagogic research \[[@CR33]\]. A content analysis is considered a useful tool for examining trends and patterns and provides a basis for monitoring shifts in attitudes \[[@CR19], [@CR20]\] and it is also a powerful data-reduction technique. The narrative analysis is a commonly used qualitative method in social sciences \[[@CR21]--[@CR23]\]. The basic premise of narrative inquiry is that people make sense of themselves and their world by telling stories \[[@CR21]\].
By utilising these methodologies, we believed that we could achieve a broader understanding of students' perceptions of learning neurology. The use of open-ended rather than closed-ended questions in the online survey allowed the students to describe their experiences in their own words. The narrative method deepened the descriptions and helped us to better understand the processes underlying the expressed emotions. The small number of students in this study also directed the choice of methodology.
As noted elsewhere, teaching methods may need to be revised to improve the integration of basic science knowledge and clinical neurology into medical training, for example, including virtual cases and group patient meetings \[[@CR29], [@CR34], [@CR35]\]. However, it also needs to be recognised that learning clinical neurology is not only a cognitive but also an emotional process, which should be consciously supported by teachers \[[@CR36]\]. We believe that such support is the best way to meet the individual learning trajectories of medical students. Furthermore, as also stated previously \[[@CR10], [@CR30], [@CR37]\], according to the opinion of the students in this study, pragmatic training with actual patients under supervision leads to the best possible results.
As noted in an earlier study, the way in which negative emotions influence evolving professional self-esteem, in this case, that of medical students, is unclear \[[@CR38]\]. However, we can speculate that if there is a connection, it is adverse. In the present study, most types of negative emotions were already present in the content analysis. However, content analysis is best suited to small cohorts \[[@CR19], [@CR20]\]. To study a similar phenomenon in medical students in general, there is a need for validated methods for the assessment that would suit analysing larger study samples.
Based on our results, neurology seems to make also Finnish medical students nervous. In this study, the concept of 'neurophobia', a phenomenon originally described by Josefowicz \[[@CR4]\] as not totally serious, became more precise, as more than fear, feelings of anxiety and insecurity were observed, in addition to the preconception that neurology is a difficult discipline in medicine. A neurological examination is certainly akin to a 3D jigsaw puzzle, where a diagnosis is reached by the clinical problem solving that is based on neuroanatomical knowledge, as also corroborated by others \[[@CR14]\]. Therefore, elaborating on the clinical thinking underlying individual cases may help to convert abstract concepts into concrete reasoning.
Limitations of our study concern the small sample size, limiting inferences of the analyses. Another limitation concerns the self-reporting, as online survey and interviews took place only after the neurology course. Self-reports of current emotional experiences are likely to be more valid than are self-reports of emotions made somewhat distant in time from the relevant experience \[[@CR39]\]. Results observed in this study are aimed to be evaluated in a larger student cohort, where currently experienced emotions are assessed with suitable questionnaires for stress, anxiety and goal orientation \[[@CR40]\].
In the research literature, the concept of phobia has often been described as an irrational fear of specific objects that is not under voluntary control and that often leads to the avoidance of the phobic situation \[[@CR41]\]. For example, Tobias described 'mathphobia' as an irrational fear of mathematics \[[@CR42]\]. Cemen defined 'mathematics anxiety' as a state of discomfort that occurred in response to situations involving mathematical tasks, which were perceived as undermining the person's self-confidence \[[@CR43]\]. Based on the findings of the present study, we suggest that 'neurophobia' can also be manifested as 'neuroanxiety' because the negative emotions that the students had were not irrational. The findings in our study using content analysis complemented by narrative methodology however showed that students' preconceptions can change, enabling intervention with competent teaching and emotional support.
Conclusion {#Sec15}
==========
Although the perspective was to study negative repertoires, our interest was to explore which factors decreased them and brought up the positive action tendencies. We observed these positive tendencies and believe that teacher's awareness of them broaden the scope of attention and thought action repertoires during the neurological studies \[[@CR44]\]. Emotions may influence medical education in several ways that need further exploring. Our observations are in accordance with a concept that learning should not be treated simply as a rational, mechanistic process because emotional conditions are shown to affect the performance \[[@CR1]\]. Validated methodology to study the current emotions in larger student cohorts would help to adjust teaching to meet also the attitudes and emotional needs of medical students.
We thank all students who participated in the study. We thank MSc Hanna Heikkinen, Faculty of Science, University of Oulu, for constructive comments during the preparation of the manuscript.
Funding {#FPar1}
=======
No funding.
Availability of data and materials {#FPar2}
==================================
All data is available through the first author of the manuscript.
Authors' contributions {#FPar3}
======================
HA and MS conducted the literature review and the study, and they were the primary contributors to the paper. RK was the supervisor of the study. He was responsible for the conception and design of the research project. All the authors were responsible for the analysis and interpretation of the data. All the authors were involved in the draft of the manuscript, critical revision of the manuscript and approval of the final version. All the authors agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work and for ensuring that questions relating to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.
Authors' information {#FPar4}
====================
Hanna Ansakorpi, MD, PhD, is a neurologist at the University Hospital of Oulu and a clinical teacher at the University of Oulu, Research Unit of Clinical Neuroscience in Finland. She has Special Competence in medical education and studies university pedagogics. Her clinical and research interest focuses mainly on epilepsy.
Marja-Liisa Sumelahti, MD, PhD is a neurologist and a senior lecturer at the University Hospital of Tampere and at the Medical School of University of Tampere, Finland, where she graduated and has completed a subspeciality in medical pedagogics. Her clinical and research interests include MS and migraine.
Raimo Kaasila, PhD, is a professor of educational sciences, especially teacher education at the University of Oulu in Finland. He is also adjunct professor in mathematics education. He organizes university pedagogy studies at the University of Oulu. His main research areas are the affective domain in education and the use of narrative and rhetorical methods.
Competing interests {#FPar5}
===================
The authors declare that they have no competing interest.
Consent for publication {#FPar6}
=======================
The participants of the interview gave informed consent to be recorded, and those participants selected as representative cases expressing negative emotions towards neurology, gave informed consent for their direct quotes to be published in a research article.
Ethics approval and consent to participate {#FPar7}
==========================================
The study was presented to The Regional Ethics Committee of the Northern Ostrobothnia Hospital District, and the approval was deemed unnecessary. A written consent was obtained from all students participating the study.
Publisher's note {#FPar8}
================
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
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i remember saying last year at draft time that the reason it would be smart to slightly reach for Tannehill at pick #8 was because if he returned to A&M for his senior year he would be the #1 pick in the 2013 draft and more than likely out of our reach. And that's what draft analysts are saying now. That this draft is weak at quarterback and that Ryan would have graded out much higher than Geno Smith or Matt Barkley......and that Tannehill would be headed to the Chiefs with the top pick in April.
I feel great knowing that, like we're ahead of the curve and instead of having to blow a pick on a signal caller this year and then wait til he grows as a rookie again.....thats process is all over now and we can spend all of our picks at positions that make quicker impacts in the NFL. And now we build around our franchise QB.
That was a smart move last year by Ireland and it sets him up in good shape this offseason.
Tue Jan 01, 2013 12:50 pm
Rock Sexton
Phinfever Legend
Joined: Wed Apr 21, 2010 12:48 pmPosts: 6067
Re: if Tannehill had stayed in school, he'd be going #1 in April
You're assuming he would've played lights out.
Anything can happen. Look what happened to Barkley's draft stock this year.
_________________
Tue Jan 01, 2013 12:55 pm
swerve13
2014 Phinfever VIP!
Joined: Sat Nov 27, 2010 12:52 amPosts: 7666Location: Lancaster, PA
Re: if Tannehill had stayed in school, he'd be going #1 in April
Even if he didn't play lights out he'd still be the top quarterback and that's what the Chiefs are going to take at #1. Geno Smith and Barkley didn't play lights out this year. And Tannehill has better combine measurables, bigger arm, better pocket presence, can make more pro throws than either.
Smith is not the best player in the 2013 NFL Draft. We have him rated as the 16th best prospect overall. But it won't be a surprise for the Chiefs to use the top pick on him because of how desperately they need a starting quarterback. Of course if Kansas City reloads its front office, the Chiefs could go after a veteran free agent. Or fall in love with another quarterback in the draft. It's also true that Smith faded toward the end of the season, but he still has good talent. To really secure a top five draft position, Smith should participate in the Senior Bowl. His combine measurables will also be important – namely his hand size after he had issues holding the ball in the Pinstripe Bowl.
- SBnation.com
Tue Jan 01, 2013 1:28 pm
Rock Sexton
Phinfever Legend
Joined: Wed Apr 21, 2010 12:48 pmPosts: 6067
Re: if Tannehill had stayed in school, he'd be going #1 in April
swerve13 wrote:
Even if he didn't play lights out he'd still be the top quarterback and that's what the Chiefs are going to take at #1. Geno Smith and Barkley didn't play lights out this year. And Tannehill has better combine measurables, bigger arm, better pocket presence, can make more pro throws than either.
Measureables or not, if he had a so-so season or sub-par one he would not be a guaranteed top pick in the draft. Guys can play themselves out of that slot.
_________________
Tue Jan 01, 2013 1:44 pm
wkloiber13
Phinfever Legend
Joined: Sat Apr 17, 2010 5:59 pmPosts: 5117
Re: if Tannehill had stayed in school, he'd be going #1 in April
Rock Sexton wrote:
swerve13 wrote:
Even if he didn't play lights out he'd still be the top quarterback and that's what the Chiefs are going to take at #1. Geno Smith and Barkley didn't play lights out this year. And Tannehill has better combine measurables, bigger arm, better pocket presence, can make more pro throws than either.
Measureables or not, if he had a so-so season or sub-par one he would not be a guaranteed top pick in the draft. Guys can play themselves out of that slot.
Not necessarily. Just look at a guy like Jake Locker. He played aweful his senior year. But he was still drafted top ten because of how well he played his junior year and because he had rare athletic ability.
With every prospect it all boils down to their skillset and ability. Production is a big part of where guys get picked, but often times good players are on bad teams, so you wind up having to evaluate guys more based on their skillset.
Just look at a guy like Jake Cutler. The guy only won 11 games his entire college career. His numbers were very mediocre by college standards. But he was a 1st round pick because of his skillset.
I'm not saying production doesn't play a part, but based on Tannehill's growth in such a short period of time, one could reasonably believe that he was primed to improve and have a good season. All indicators were saying that this was a kid on his way up.
But this is all irrelevant because Tannehill and Sherman are attached at the hip and there was no way Tannehill was going to stick around in a transitional year and risk his draft status. All of these guys talk to evaluators. Once Tannehill found out he'd be a 1st round pick, it was an easy decision I'm sure.
Tue Jan 01, 2013 4:03 pm
Rock Sexton
Phinfever Legend
Joined: Wed Apr 21, 2010 12:48 pmPosts: 6067
Re: if Tannehill had stayed in school, he'd be going #1 in April
wkloiber13 wrote:
Not necessarily. Just look at a guy like Jake Locker. He played aweful his senior year. But he was still drafted top ten because of how well he played his junior year and because he had rare athletic ability.
With every prospect it all boils down to their skillset and ability. Production is a big part of where guys get picked, but often times good players are on bad teams, so you wind up having to evaluate guys more based on their skillset.
Just look at a guy like Jake Cutler. The guy only won 11 games his entire college career. His numbers were very mediocre by college standards. But he was a 1st round pick because of his skillset.
I'm not saying production doesn't play a part, but based on Tannehill's growth in such a short period of time, one could reasonably believe that he was primed to improve and have a good season. All indicators were saying that this was a kid on his way up.
But this is all irrelevant because Tannehill and Sherman are attached at the hip and there was no way Tannehill was going to stick around in a transitional year and risk his draft status. All of these guys talk to evaluators. Once Tannehill found out he'd be a 1st round pick, it was an easy decision I'm sure.
Jake Locker didn't go #1 in the draft.
Got anything else for me? I mean by your logic Michael Egnew should've gone higher than the 3rd round based on his junior year. He was an All-Big 12 and concensus 1st team All-American.
Lets say Tannehill sucked it up like Barkley did or got injured. He might not be #1 overall & if he was it would be by default. I am not sure I am getting this thread. Is this another attempt to justify another losing season by implying that we got a steal at #8 because he might be the #1 in the draft the following year. I mean why not just imply that he is by far head & shoulders better than the 2 Quarterbacks taken ahead of him in his draft year. Taking him at #8 was not a reach , we needed a QB & he had ties to our staff & he was there at 8. Had he not been taken at 8 , Ireland would have had his "acorns" tied & bound by most Dolphin fans. Look most of us here like the guy but this pedestal thing is getting out of hand. Lets see where we are at in 2 years. Why not start a thread on how he should be rookie of the year.
_________________2015. Jets & Bills new regimes & no QB. Pats , nowhere to go but down. We come back with best young QB in the game plus we keep the best regime intact. Making of dynasty.
Tue Jan 01, 2013 9:20 pm
Rock Sexton
Phinfever Legend
Joined: Wed Apr 21, 2010 12:48 pmPosts: 6067
Re: if Tannehill had stayed in school, he'd be going #1 in April
FINesse wrote:
I am not sure I am getting this thread. Is this another attempt to justify another losing season by implying that we got a steal at #8 because he might be the #1 in the draft the following year.
Oh c'mon, nobody on here would do such a thing.
_________________
Tue Jan 01, 2013 9:38 pm
FrustratedFinFan
Phinfever Legend
Joined: Wed Jan 13, 2010 12:30 amPosts: 2842
Re: if Tannehill had stayed in school, he'd be going #1 in April
Russell Wilson was a steal. Luck and RGIII lived up to their lofty draft status. All 3 are in the playoffs.
We gave up a top pick for a guy who has yet to deliver......there is hope, but I want results. Maybe next year?
_________________Philbin's countenance exudes confidence!1984 was so long ago...Will there ever be another rainbow?
Tue Jan 01, 2013 11:06 pm
AQNOR
2014 Phinfever VIP!
Joined: Tue Jan 12, 2010 10:17 amPosts: 3866
Re: if Tannehill had stayed in school, he'd be going #1 in April
FrustratedFinFan wrote:
Russell Wilson was a steal. Luck and RGIII lived up to their lofty draft status. All 3 are in the playoffs.
We gave up a top pick for a guy who has yet to deliver......there is hope, but I want results. Maybe next year?
Nice summation.
Wed Jan 02, 2013 1:37 am
Kev1321
2013 Phinfever VIP Donor
Joined: Sun May 02, 2010 3:56 pmPosts: 3355Location: MA.
Re: if Tannehill had stayed in school, he'd be going #1 in April
Luck for all the good he did...Has some things to cleanup himself...
His qb rating is right there with Tanny 76.5 to 76.1. His comp.% is 54 which was the lowest in the league(Lower than Sanchize) and he had 18 picks...Surrounded by a heck of alot more talent than Tannehill and going into an established system.
Anyway i think i heard Tannehill would'nt have been taken until the second round if not for those guys staying in school.
He's not worthy
Wed Jan 02, 2013 5:03 am
degs
Phinfever Legend
Joined: Fri Apr 16, 2010 2:05 pmPosts: 2463Location: NSW, Australia
Re: if Tannehill had stayed in school, he'd be going #1 in April
FrustratedFinFan wrote:
Russell Wilson was a steal. Luck and RGIII lived up to their lofty draft status. All 3 are in the playoffs.
We gave up a top pick for a guy who has yet to deliver......there is hope, but I want results. Maybe next year?
"had yet to deliver"..????That's a bit harsh. It makes it sound like he was a flop.We all knew he was raw and had a lot of learning to do. He played well without much of a supporting cast.
Wed Jan 02, 2013 6:50 am
Big Dave
Phinfever Owner/Admin
Joined: Tue Jan 12, 2010 9:41 amPosts: 9748Location: Raleigh, NC
Re: if Tannehill had stayed in school, he'd be going #1 in April
degs wrote:
FrustratedFinFan wrote:
Russell Wilson was a steal. Luck and RGIII lived up to their lofty draft status. All 3 are in the playoffs.
We gave up a top pick for a guy who has yet to deliver......there is hope, but I want results. Maybe next year?
"had yet to deliver"..????That's a bit harsh. It makes it sound like he was a flop.We all knew he was raw and had a lot of learning to do. He played well without much of a supporting cast.
He has delivered, and if you look at his progress this year there is no reason to think that he would not be the overall #1 pick in the draft this year. He would have had a very good senior year at Texas A&M.
Russell Wilson was a steal. Luck and RGIII lived up to their lofty draft status. All 3 are in the playoffs.
We gave up a top pick for a guy who has yet to deliver......there is hope, but I want results. Maybe next year?
No question had Tannehill stayed at A & M and if he was again the starter (Manziel as a freshman would have been on the bench) he would have grown even more as a QB heading into the NFL.
Tannehill in my opinion was still very green as a QB and the Dolphins knew that and he still started and played his rookie year. Next season is a year that I am really hoping bigger things from the kid.
Give him some more line protection and more offensive weapons too. There is good reason for us fans to be more excited than in years past at the QB spot.
Wed Jan 02, 2013 7:55 am
degs
Phinfever Legend
Joined: Fri Apr 16, 2010 2:05 pmPosts: 2463Location: NSW, Australia
Re: if Tannehill had stayed in school, he'd be going #1 in April
Big Dave wrote:
He has delivered, and if you look at his progress this year there is no reason to think that he would not be the overall #1 pick in the draft this year. He would have had a very good senior year at Texas A&M.
I agree with the naysayers. I don't think that is a reasonable assumption. He could have gotten hurt or not done well under a different HC. Being the #1 pick isn't easy to earn.
Wed Jan 02, 2013 8:00 am
jammer
2013 Phinfever VIP Donor
Joined: Tue Jan 12, 2010 5:10 pmPosts: 6734Location: Topsfield, MA
Re: if Tannehill had stayed in school, he'd be going #1 in April
Wasn't Barkley considered the better prospect last year before he decided to return to USC?
Outside of Barkley's intangibles, I can agree that Tannehill probably is the most talented QB versus this year's prospects. But the thread topic is a pretty wild assumption.
Give him this much credit though...he had what would normally be considered a good rookie year on a team that wasn't built too well. No one thought he was ready to start and he ended up being much better than most expected. He has a lot of things to work on but has shown enough upside and flashes for us to think that he can be a good starter for a long time.
Wed Jan 02, 2013 9:04 am
wkloiber13
Phinfever Legend
Joined: Sat Apr 17, 2010 5:59 pmPosts: 5117
Re: if Tannehill had stayed in school, he'd be going #1 in April
Rock Sexton wrote:
wkloiber13 wrote:
Not necessarily. Just look at a guy like Jake Locker. He played aweful his senior year. But he was still drafted top ten because of how well he played his junior year and because he had rare athletic ability.
With every prospect it all boils down to their skillset and ability. Production is a big part of where guys get picked, but often times good players are on bad teams, so you wind up having to evaluate guys more based on their skillset.
Just look at a guy like Jake Cutler. The guy only won 11 games his entire college career. His numbers were very mediocre by college standards. But he was a 1st round pick because of his skillset.
I'm not saying production doesn't play a part, but based on Tannehill's growth in such a short period of time, one could reasonably believe that he was primed to improve and have a good season. All indicators were saying that this was a kid on his way up.
But this is all irrelevant because Tannehill and Sherman are attached at the hip and there was no way Tannehill was going to stick around in a transitional year and risk his draft status. All of these guys talk to evaluators. Once Tannehill found out he'd be a 1st round pick, it was an easy decision I'm sure.
Jake Locker didn't go #1 in the draft.
Got anything else for me? I mean by your logic Michael Egnew should've gone higher than the 3rd round based on his junior year. He was an All-Big 12 and concensus 1st team All-American.
A quarterback doesn't go 1st overall every year. The writer of this article was simply pointing out that with the need for quarterbacks at the top end of the draft, there is a good chance that Tannehill could have potentially gone 1st overall had he improved off of his junior season.
As far as Egnew, he fell for a reason. Low wonderlic score and he probably tested out poorly on the chalkboard. The guy has the physical ability, he just lacks the mental side of things.
Wed Jan 02, 2013 9:23 am
shularino
2014 Phinfever VIP!
Joined: Sat Feb 27, 2010 6:49 pmPosts: 1512Location: Charlotte, NC
Re: if Tannehill had stayed in school, he'd be going #1 in April
I'm extremely impressed with Tannehill and glad we drafted him...........he may very well have gone #1 overall.........or he could have benched in favor of Manziel and dropped to a late round pick. Not sure what difference it makes now. | {
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
} |
defmodule Absinthe.Execution.SubscriptionTest do
use Absinthe.Case
import ExUnit.CaptureLog
defmodule PubSub do
@behaviour Absinthe.Subscription.Pubsub
def start_link() do
Registry.start_link(keys: :unique, name: __MODULE__)
end
def node_name() do
node()
end
def subscribe(topic) do
Registry.register(__MODULE__, topic, [])
:ok
end
def publish_subscription(topic, data) do
message = %{
topic: topic,
event: "subscription:data",
result: data
}
Registry.dispatch(__MODULE__, topic, fn entries ->
for {pid, _} <- entries, do: send(pid, {:broadcast, message})
end)
end
def publish_mutation(_proxy_topic, _mutation_result, _subscribed_fields) do
# this pubsub is local and doesn't support clusters
:ok
end
end
defmodule Schema do
use Absinthe.Schema
query do
# Query type must exist
end
object :user do
field :id, :id
field :name, :string
field :group, :group do
resolve fn user, _, %{context: %{test_pid: pid}} ->
batch({__MODULE__, :batch_get_group, pid}, nil, fn _results ->
{:ok, user.group}
end)
end
end
end
object :group do
field :name, :string
end
def batch_get_group(test_pid, _) do
# send a message to the test process every time we access this function.
# if batching is working properly, it should only happen once.
send(test_pid, :batch_get_group)
%{}
end
subscription do
field :raises, :string do
config fn _, _ ->
{:ok, topic: "*"}
end
resolve fn _, _, _ ->
raise "boom"
end
end
field :user, :user do
arg :id, :id
config fn args, _ ->
{:ok, topic: args[:id] || "*"}
end
trigger :update_user,
topic: fn user ->
[user.id, "*"]
end
end
field :thing, :string do
arg :client_id, non_null(:id)
config fn
_args, %{context: %{authorized: false}} ->
{:error, "unauthorized"}
args, _ ->
{
:ok,
topic: args.client_id
}
end
end
field :multiple_topics, :string do
config fn _, _ ->
{:ok, topic: ["topic_1", "topic_2", "topic_3"]}
end
end
field :other_user, :user do
arg :id, :id
config fn
args, %{context: %{context_id: context_id, document_id: document_id}} ->
{:ok, topic: args[:id] || "*", context_id: context_id, document_id: document_id}
args, %{context: %{context_id: context_id}} ->
{:ok, topic: args[:id] || "*", context_id: context_id}
end
end
field :relies_on_document, :string do
config fn _, %{document: %Absinthe.Blueprint{} = document} ->
%{type: :subscription, name: op_name} = Absinthe.Blueprint.current_operation(document)
{:ok, topic: "*", context_id: "*", document_id: op_name}
end
end
end
mutation do
field :update_user, :user do
arg :id, non_null(:id)
resolve fn _, %{id: id}, _ ->
{:ok, %{id: id, name: "foo"}}
end
end
end
end
setup_all do
{:ok, _} = PubSub.start_link()
{:ok, _} = Absinthe.Subscription.start_link(PubSub)
:ok
end
@query """
subscription ($clientId: ID!) {
thing(clientId: $clientId)
}
"""
test "can subscribe the current process" do
client_id = "abc"
assert {:ok, %{"subscribed" => topic}} =
run_subscription(
@query,
Schema,
variables: %{"clientId" => client_id},
context: %{pubsub: PubSub}
)
Absinthe.Subscription.publish(PubSub, "foo", thing: client_id)
assert_receive({:broadcast, msg})
assert %{
event: "subscription:data",
result: %{data: %{"thing" => "foo"}},
topic: topic
} == msg
end
@query """
subscription ($clientId: ID!) {
thing(clientId: $clientId)
}
"""
test "can unsubscribe the current process" do
client_id = "abc"
assert {:ok, %{"subscribed" => topic}} =
run_subscription(
@query,
Schema,
variables: %{"clientId" => client_id},
context: %{pubsub: PubSub}
)
Absinthe.Subscription.unsubscribe(PubSub, topic)
Absinthe.Subscription.publish(PubSub, "foo", thing: client_id)
refute_receive({:broadcast, _})
end
@query """
subscription {
multipleTopics
}
"""
test "schema can provide multiple topics to subscribe to" do
assert {:ok, %{"subscribed" => topic}} =
run_subscription(
@query,
Schema,
variables: %{},
context: %{pubsub: PubSub}
)
msg = %{
event: "subscription:data",
result: %{data: %{"multipleTopics" => "foo"}},
topic: topic
}
Absinthe.Subscription.publish(PubSub, "foo", multiple_topics: "topic_1")
assert_receive({:broadcast, ^msg})
Absinthe.Subscription.publish(PubSub, "foo", multiple_topics: "topic_2")
assert_receive({:broadcast, ^msg})
Absinthe.Subscription.publish(PubSub, "foo", multiple_topics: "topic_3")
assert_receive({:broadcast, ^msg})
end
@query """
subscription {
multipleTopics
}
"""
test "unsubscription works when multiple topics are provided" do
assert {:ok, %{"subscribed" => topic}} =
run_subscription(
@query,
Schema,
variables: %{},
context: %{pubsub: PubSub}
)
Absinthe.Subscription.unsubscribe(PubSub, topic)
Absinthe.Subscription.publish(PubSub, "foo", multiple_topics: "topic_1")
refute_receive({:broadcast, _})
Absinthe.Subscription.publish(PubSub, "foo", multiple_topics: "topic_2")
refute_receive({:broadcast, _})
Absinthe.Subscription.publish(PubSub, "foo", multiple_topics: "topic_3")
refute_receive({:broadcast, _})
end
@query """
subscription ($clientId: ID!) {
thing(clientId: $clientId, extra: 1)
}
"""
test "can return errors properly" do
assert {
:ok,
%{
errors: [
%{
locations: [%{column: 30, line: 2}],
message:
"Unknown argument \"extra\" on field \"thing\" of type \"RootSubscriptionType\"."
}
]
}
} ==
run_subscription(@query, Schema,
variables: %{"clientId" => "abc"},
context: %{pubsub: PubSub}
)
end
@query """
subscription ($userId: ID!) {
user(id: $userId) { id name }
}
"""
test "subscription triggers work" do
id = "1"
assert {:ok, %{"subscribed" => topic}} =
run_subscription(
@query,
Schema,
variables: %{"userId" => id},
context: %{pubsub: PubSub}
)
mutation = """
mutation ($userId: ID!) {
updateUser(id: $userId) { id name }
}
"""
assert {:ok, %{data: _}} =
run_subscription(mutation, Schema,
variables: %{"userId" => id},
context: %{pubsub: PubSub}
)
assert_receive({:broadcast, msg})
assert %{
event: "subscription:data",
result: %{data: %{"user" => %{"id" => "1", "name" => "foo"}}},
topic: topic
} == msg
end
@query """
subscription ($clientId: ID!) {
thing(clientId: $clientId)
}
"""
test "can return an error tuple from the topic function" do
assert {:ok, %{errors: [%{locations: [%{column: 3, line: 2}], message: "unauthorized"}]}} ==
run_subscription(
@query,
Schema,
variables: %{"clientId" => "abc"},
context: %{pubsub: PubSub, authorized: false}
)
end
@query """
subscription Example {
reliesOnDocument
}
"""
test "topic function receives a document" do
assert {:ok, %{"subscribed" => _topic}} =
run_subscription(@query, Schema, context: %{pubsub: PubSub})
end
@query """
subscription ($clientId: ID!) {
thing(clientId: $clientId)
}
"""
test "stringifies topics" do
assert {:ok, %{"subscribed" => topic}} =
run_subscription(@query, Schema,
variables: %{"clientId" => "1"},
context: %{pubsub: PubSub}
)
Absinthe.Subscription.publish(PubSub, "foo", thing: 1)
assert_receive({:broadcast, msg})
assert %{
event: "subscription:data",
result: %{data: %{"thing" => "foo"}},
topic: topic
} == msg
end
test "isn't tripped up if one of the subscription docs raises" do
assert {:ok, %{"subscribed" => _}} = run_subscription("subscription { raises }", Schema)
assert {:ok, %{"subscribed" => topic}} =
run_subscription("subscription { thing(clientId: \"*\")}", Schema)
error_log =
capture_log(fn ->
Absinthe.Subscription.publish(PubSub, "foo", raises: "*", thing: "*")
assert_receive({:broadcast, msg})
assert %{
event: "subscription:data",
result: %{data: %{"thing" => "foo"}},
topic: topic
} == msg
end)
assert String.contains?(error_log, "boom")
end
@tag :pending
test "different subscription docs are batched together" do
opts = [context: %{test_pid: self()}]
assert {:ok, %{"subscribed" => doc1}} =
run_subscription("subscription { user { group { name } id} }", Schema, opts)
# different docs required for test, otherwise they get deduplicated from the start
assert {:ok, %{"subscribed" => doc2}} =
run_subscription("subscription { user { group { name } id name} }", Schema, opts)
user = %{id: "1", name: "Alicia", group: %{name: "Elixir Users"}}
Absinthe.Subscription.publish(PubSub, user, user: ["*", user.id])
assert_receive({:broadcast, %{topic: ^doc1, result: %{data: _}}})
assert_receive({:broadcast, %{topic: ^doc2, result: %{data: %{"user" => user}}}})
assert user["group"]["name"] == "Elixir Users"
# we should get this just once due to batching
assert_receive(:batch_get_group)
refute_receive(:batch_get_group)
end
test "subscription docs with different contexts don't leak context" do
ctx1 = %{test_pid: self(), user: 1}
assert {:ok, %{"subscribed" => doc1}} =
run_subscription("subscription { user { group { name } id} }", Schema, context: ctx1)
ctx2 = %{test_pid: self(), user: 2}
# different docs required for test, otherwise they get deduplicated from the start
assert {:ok, %{"subscribed" => doc2}} =
run_subscription("subscription { user { group { name } id name} }", Schema,
context: ctx2
)
user = %{id: "1", name: "Alicia", group: %{name: "Elixir Users"}}
Absinthe.Subscription.publish(PubSub, user, user: ["*", user.id])
assert_receive({:broadcast, %{topic: ^doc1, result: %{data: _}}})
assert_receive({:broadcast, %{topic: ^doc2, result: %{data: %{"user" => user}}}})
assert user["group"]["name"] == "Elixir Users"
# we should get this twice since the different contexts prevent batching.
assert_receive(:batch_get_group)
assert_receive(:batch_get_group)
end
describe "subscription_ids" do
@query """
subscription {
otherUser { id }
}
"""
test "subscriptions with the same context_id and same source document have the same subscription_id" do
assert {:ok, %{"subscribed" => doc1}} =
run_subscription(@query, Schema, context: %{context_id: "logged-in"})
assert {:ok, %{"subscribed" => doc2}} =
run_subscription(@query, Schema, context: %{context_id: "logged-in"})
assert doc1 == doc2
end
@query """
subscription {
otherUser { id }
}
"""
test "subscriptions with different context_id but the same source document have different subscription_ids" do
assert {:ok, %{"subscribed" => doc1}} =
run_subscription(@query, Schema, context: %{context_id: "logged-in"})
assert {:ok, %{"subscribed" => doc2}} =
run_subscription(@query, Schema, context: %{context_id: "not-logged-in"})
assert doc1 != doc2
end
test "subscriptions with same context_id but different source document have different subscription_ids" do
assert {:ok, %{"subscribed" => doc1}} =
run_subscription("subscription { otherUser { id name } }", Schema,
context: %{context_id: "logged-in"}
)
assert {:ok, %{"subscribed" => doc2}} =
run_subscription("subscription { otherUser { id } }", Schema,
context: %{context_id: "logged-in"}
)
assert doc1 != doc2
end
test "subscriptions with different context_id and different source document have different subscription_ids" do
assert {:ok, %{"subscribed" => doc1}} =
run_subscription("subscription { otherUser { id name } }", Schema,
context: %{context_id: "logged-in"}
)
assert {:ok, %{"subscribed" => doc2}} =
run_subscription("subscription { otherUser { id } }", Schema,
context: %{context_id: "not-logged-in"}
)
assert doc1 != doc2
end
@query """
subscription($id: ID!) { otherUser(id: $id) { id } }
"""
test "subscriptions with the same variables & document have the same subscription_ids" do
assert {:ok, %{"subscribed" => doc1}} =
run_subscription(@query, Schema,
variables: %{"id" => "123"},
context: %{context_id: "logged-in"}
)
assert {:ok, %{"subscribed" => doc2}} =
run_subscription(@query, Schema,
variables: %{"id" => "123"},
context: %{context_id: "logged-in"}
)
assert doc1 == doc2
end
@query """
subscription($id: ID!) { otherUser(id: $id) { id } }
"""
test "subscriptions with different variables but same document have different subscription_ids" do
assert {:ok, %{"subscribed" => doc1}} =
run_subscription(@query, Schema,
variables: %{"id" => "123"},
context: %{context_id: "logged-in"}
)
assert {:ok, %{"subscribed" => doc2}} =
run_subscription(@query, Schema,
variables: %{"id" => "456"},
context: %{context_id: "logged-in"}
)
assert doc1 != doc2
end
test "document_id can be provided to override the default logic for deriving document_id" do
assert {:ok, %{"subscribed" => doc1}} =
run_subscription("subscription { otherUser { id name } }", Schema,
context: %{context_id: "logged-in", document_id: "abcdef"}
)
assert {:ok, %{"subscribed" => doc2}} =
run_subscription("subscription { otherUser { name id } }", Schema,
context: %{context_id: "logged-in", document_id: "abcdef"}
)
assert doc1 == doc2
end
end
@query """
subscription ($clientId: ID!) {
thing(clientId: $clientId)
}
"""
test "subscription executes telemetry events", context do
client_id = "abc"
:telemetry.attach_many(
context.test,
[
[:absinthe, :execute, :operation, :start],
[:absinthe, :execute, :operation, :stop],
[:absinthe, :subscription, :publish, :start],
[:absinthe, :subscription, :publish, :stop]
],
fn event, measurements, metadata, config ->
send(self(), {event, measurements, metadata, config})
end,
%{}
)
assert {:ok, %{"subscribed" => topic}} =
run_subscription(
@query,
Schema,
variables: %{"clientId" => client_id},
context: %{pubsub: PubSub}
)
assert_receive {[:absinthe, :execute, :operation, :start], measurements, %{id: id}, _config}
assert System.convert_time_unit(measurements[:system_time], :native, :millisecond)
assert_receive {[:absinthe, :execute, :operation, :stop], _, %{id: ^id}, _config}
Absinthe.Subscription.publish(PubSub, "foo", thing: client_id)
assert_receive({:broadcast, msg})
assert %{
event: "subscription:data",
result: %{data: %{"thing" => "foo"}},
topic: topic
} == msg
# Subscription events
assert_receive {[:absinthe, :subscription, :publish, :start], _, %{id: id}, _config}
assert_receive {[:absinthe, :subscription, :publish, :stop], _, %{id: ^id}, _config}
:telemetry.detach(context.test)
end
defp run_subscription(query, schema, opts \\ []) do
opts = Keyword.update(opts, :context, %{pubsub: PubSub}, &Map.put(&1, :pubsub, PubSub))
case run(query, schema, opts) do
{:ok, %{"subscribed" => topic}} = val ->
PubSub.subscribe(topic)
val
val ->
val
end
end
end
| {
"pile_set_name": "Github"
} |
U.S. Army Night Vision Parka Shell is a collector's item. It is also a unique fashion piece. It is a parka that can be worn with a quilted liner or not. It is multiseasonal for that reason. It is a khaki green with a digital type of camoflauge that disables others from viewing you at night. But dont come back to us if your caught frolicking in the park...It also has an interesting fishtail curve in the bask of the jacket. * Collector's Item * Button Front * Built in hood * Fish Tail Back
awsome item.true too.usa made.strong material.water resistant.wind proof.new condition.comfy.great for dark/night time 'stealth' if needed.hunting,or border patrol.i got a small in both pants and jacket bc its made tiny bit bigger-gota wear it over clothes/bdu's etc.i normally wear a size med/reg,military fit clothing so figure it out. | {
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
} |
Clinical significance of childhood communication disorders: perspectives from a longitudinal study.
A group of 202 children who were referred for evaluation of communication disorders were also evaluated for psychiatric and learning disorders at two points in time. High rates of both psychiatric and learning disorders were found at initial evaluation, and even higher rates were found at follow-up 3 to 4 years later. Recovery from communication disorder occurred in approximately one fourth of the cases and varied widely depending on the type of disorder involved. Poor psychiatric outcome could be predicted by the presence and severity of initial disorders of language comprehension and expression, and by certain environmental factors (such as psychosocial stress). The high prevalence of linguistic, psychiatric, and development disorders at follow-up for the children in this study suggests the need for close monitoring of children with early communication impairments. | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
} |
Xenomigia monticolata
Xenomigia monticolata is a moth of the family Notodontidae. It is found in Colombia and Ecuador.
References
Category:Moths described in 1890
Category:Notodontidae of South America | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Freedom Watch
Drone War Picks Up Again in Pakistan
According to reports, three separate drone attacks in Pakistan’s South Waziristan mountains killed at least 17 people Tuesday. The AP reported that eight suspected militants were among the dead in a separate strike in North Waziristan today.
The attacks are the latest in a string of strikes since the new year began. The holiday period also saw a number of drone attacks launched against militants in Yemen after a comparatively quiet period.
Meanwhile, criticism of the U.S.’s drone wars remains fierce at home and abroad. A new study by one of President Obama’s former security advisers deemed the drone program counterproductive, “encouraging a new arms race that will empower current and future rivals and lay the foundations for an international system that is increasingly violent,” the Guardian noted Tuesday.
Michael Boyle, who was on Obama’s counterterrorism group in the run-up to the president’s election in 2008, said the U.S. administration’s growing reliance on drone technology was having “adverse strategic effects that have not been properly weighed against the tactical gains associated with killing terrorists.”
Civilian casualties were likely to be far higher than had been acknowledged, he said.
Reports estimate that the CIA and the military have killed about 2,500 people with drone attacks. A report by the Bureau of Investigative Journalism stated that under the Obama administration between 2008 and 2011 drone strikes killed between 282 and 535 civilians, including 60 children. The number of civilian drone deaths up until now is a subject of upcoming U.N. investigations.
Critics of U.S. drone attacks have raised concerns about the nomination of John Brennan as CIA director. Brennan, Obama’s chief counterterrorism adviser, is considered a key architect of the drone program and the creeping militarization of CIA activity. | {
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
} |
Twin Earths
Twin Earths is an American science fiction comic strip written by Oskar Lebeck and drawn by Alden McWilliams that ran in Sunday and daily newspapers from 1952 until 1963. The strip was distributed by United Feature Syndicate.
Publication history
The daily strip began on June 16, 1952, the Sunday on March 1, 1953. The Sunday was drawn in a half page format, but it was available in smaller formats with dropped panels.
While semi-retired, Lebeck teamed with McWilliams (who had illustrated some of Lebeck's past books and had done work for him at Dell Comics) to launch Twin Earths. It made use of the duplicate earth concept and tapped into the growing interest during the period in flying saucers. In 1957, Lebeck retired and McWilliams assumed scripting duties for the strip.
The Twin Earths Sunday strip ended December 28, 1958, while the daily strip continued until May 25, 1963.
Characters and story
The story told of another Earth (called Terra), in the same orbit as our planet but on the opposite side of the sun, whose scientifically advanced civilization visits us in flying saucers. Comics historian Stephen Donnelly noted:
The main characters of the daily strip, which began June 16, 1952, were Vana, a Terran spy living on Earth to keep tabs on our technology so the Terrans could be sure we and our war-like ways didn't pose a menace to them; and Garry Verth, an FBI agent to whom Vana revealed herself in the opening sequence. The first few months of story continuity involved a few exciting moments with Commie spies (out to get their hands on Terra's technology, of course), but mostly consisted of travelog-like views of Terran life—for example, the fact that in their liberated society, women, who constituted 92% of the population, ran things. The Sunday version began March 1 of the following year. Instead of tying in directly with the daily, or delivering a second track of story involving the same characters, this series explored a completely separate aspect of the "twin earths" scenario. It started with a young Texan named Punch sneaking aboard a Terran saucer just before it took off for home. After about three months, he was joined by Prince Torro, one of the relatively few Terran males, and the two boys continued as stars for the duration of the Sunday Twin Earths.
Reprints
Most of the strips have been reprinted in magazine format. In 1987, Dragon Lady Press published one issue of Science Fiction Classics featuring Twin Earths. Beginning in 1991, R. Susor Publications reprinted most of the daily and Sunday strips in three magazines, Twin Earths (eight issues), Twin Earths Sunday Pages (five issues), and Twin Earths Special Edition (one issue)
See also
List of Twin Earths comic strips
References
Sources
Twin Earths Special Edition #1, R. Susor Publications, 1993.
Category:1952 comics debuts
Category:1963 comics endings
Category:American comic strips
Category:Counter-Earths
Category:Science fiction comic strips | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
The global SCADA systems market is prognosticated to witness a surge in its demand during the forecast period due to the rise in industrial sector. Industrial sector uses SCADA systems as this helps in getting better efficiency, communicate system issues to help mitigate downtime, and process data for smarter decisions. Rise in innovation accompanied with the advent of latest technology is bolstering the growth of the market, reports Market Research Reports.biz. In a 93 pages report titled, “Global SCADA Systems Market Insights, Forecast to 2025”, offers a complete overview of the market. The report also carries various market dynamics such as trends, opportunity, and restraints which are likely to have a tremendous on the growth of the market.
Rise in uptake of cloud-based SCADA system for infrastructural growth such as transportation and smart cities is promoting the growth of SCADA system market. Another factor which is pushing the market forward is the high penetration of mobile SCADA systems worldwide, due to its firm factor and friendly interface. Rise in the research and development activities in the wireless sensor network in SCADA accompanied with need for big data with analytics have increased the efficiency of SCADA systems, thus creating a lucrative opportunity for the market.
SCADA systems finds it application in various industry such as oil and gas, food and beverages, energy and power, water and waste water, telecommunication, manufacturing, transportation, pharmaceuticals, chemicals, and others. Amongst these, the water and waste water management segment is anticipated to witness an exponential rise in its demand due to the high requirement of recycling of waste water in order to reduce the scarcity of water all across the planet. Increase in development of water/wastewater management facilities in Middle East and Africa and Asia Pacific is envisaged to promote the growth of the global SCADA systems market. Government’s initiative in treating waste water across the developing countries is contributing the market growth.
SCADA is known to play a vital role in the digitization process associated to the industry 4.0. In order to stay up-to-date one needs to stay abreast with the latest standard and technologies. SCADA aids this opportunity to various industries to get a head start. SCADA is known to connect Internet of Things with business, thus giving an entire picture to the one in control. It has become important for business to use SCADA system. This has helped the market to grow. However, complex setup accompanied with high cost are predicted to pull down the growth of the market. Small industries which could not afford such hefty fund, fail to install SCADA systems and thus could not meet the desired boost that was required. Data breach is another factor which is harming the growth of the market.
Geographically, the market is spread across, Europe, North America, Asia Pacific, and Rest of the World. Amongst the pack, Asia Pacific holds a lion share due significant contribution made by China. Some of the major prominent players are present in this country, allowing the region to hold maximum share in the years to come. Some of the major players in the market are Honeywell, Siemens, T&D Engineering, IDS GmbH, GE, and Yokogawa. | {
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
} |
Only One Way for the FBI to Regain Its Lost Reputation
James Comey, the crooked political operative running the FBI for the left, has clearly lied to Congress, lied to the American people, and fixed the criminal investigative process to protect Hillary Clinton and her creepy aides from justice. Conservatives have gotten used to the Department of Justice under Obama as simply another organ of leftist activism. Eric Holder and Loretta Lynch have both been abominable heads of the Department of Justice, and several federal judges have indicated as much. Using federal agencies as tools of political oppression or leftist activism is the best case yet simply abolishing the Department of Justice completely and devolving the enforcement of all federal laws to the fifty state attorney general offices.
In the same vein, one might think we should leave the FBI only for the purpose of supporting state law enforcement efforts with technical support, but that was before the incredible stream of new revelations, never volunteered by Comey and discovered only by insistent probing, that show intimate collusion between the Clinton campaign and the FBI, with sleazy actions so blatantly bad that no serious person can doubt the wrongness of it all. Physical evidence is destroyed before anyone can see it, though subpoenaed by Congress and possibly containing classified information. Computer systems with classified documents scrubbed clean by private vendors before federal officers know what has been scrubbed. Suspects sit in on the questioning of other suspects, and suspects are given immunity, it appears, for no good reasons at all. If this presidential election is fixed by an utterly politicized FBI, then the reputation of that agency will never recover. No serious American, in that case, should ever believe anything the FBI tells us about anything at all. If we cannot trust the FBI when powerful politicians are being investigated, then when can we trust it? If the FBI can be influenced by politicians, then it can be influenced by drug lords or crime bosses or crooked billionaires. There is only one thing, at this point, that can rehabilitate the reputation of a once honorable organization now up to its neck in the muck of influenced investigations and tampered justice. A number of current FBI agents must publicly condemn Director Comey and deplore the deeply disturbing, very unusual actions taken by the FBI in these investigations. This may cost the agents involved their careers, but agents who care about the agency more than their careers will take that risk. These agents ought to explain exactly how this investigation was utterly wrong and how it deviated from normal practices. Director Comey compelled twenty-five agents to sign nondisclosure agreements, but these agreements cannot prevent these agents from publicly criticizing how politicized the investigation appeared to them. In fact, this might even be more telling: "We have been ordered by Director Comey to sign nondisclosure agreements, so until he releases us from those agreements, we cannot provide details, but we can say this: the whole thing stinks from top to bottom. Everything about this investigation fails the smell test. If Director Comey will release us from the nondisclosure agreements, we will be happy to say more." If FBI agents need a model, they might look to the National Border Control Council, which, frustrated by politically correct border enforcement, took the Obama administration to task. These border control agents cared more about America than their careers and used their private association as a vehicle. There is an FBI Agents Association that represents 12,000 current and retired agents and advocates criminal justice issues to Congress. Members of this private association have 55 different field office representatives in as many cities of the nation. Nothing prevents these field office representatives from signing a letter on behalf of the members in their region condemning the whole structure of this putrid conspiracy against honorable and serious investigation. Indeed, if this association ever expects Congress or the American people to listen to it, then it is vitally important that it act before the election. The FBI Agents Association, of course, should not endorse any candidate or party, but if it urges funding increases to Congress or changes in criminal laws, it must have credibility. And if it ignores the swollen carbuncle of this scandal within the agency, no one ought to listen to it anymore. There is this one chance for the FBI to redeem the damage done by Comey. There will be no second chance if Hillary wins because of the cowardice of the Bureau's agents. | {
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
} |
do you want to not to worry about website you download drivers from? you won't. because our website has secure certificate (SSL) and your downloads are secure. come to this blog every time you want some drivers and download them without any trouble.
ASROCK P4VM8 SATA DRIVER DOWNLOAD
Tell us some more! Nike – Jul 10, at Instant Repair Help over the Phone 6ya. Hi all, ive got the same problem, segate sata drive is seen in bios, comes up in system, but cannot see it in disk manager How can this be resolved. Advice Saved me lots of time! Lately during the filling cycle water hammer is occurring.
Ask a Question Usually answered in minutes! Yeah, this was the problem completely for a new drive I bought from Newegg. Posted on Mar 01, Anonymous May 21, Helpful 0 Not Helpful Comment Flag. Mkoll – Nov 6, at I have got gigs samsung sata hdd assrock not working in p4vm8 board But that time keyboard not hang.
Primary Disk Hard disk 2.
If not, uninstall driver and let it install again automatcally. Ty and good evening.
My hard disk is working. You need to ensure if the hard disk is compatible with the motherboard. I have freestanding Series 8 dishwasher. Report Respond to xpcman. I want to install a sata hdd for storage only but the bios is not seeing the sata connection. If this works go back to BIOS and make changes one at a time until it may not work again, then you will know which option is causing the system hang ups.
What happens is that I bought a barracuda Gb 16Mb SATA Hdd and is detected by bios, I saw that the configuration was on non-raid setting and everything seemed to be fine but when I start-up windows everything goes just as p4v8m but the new drive doesn’t show up in “My computer” folder and there is an icon on the tray that is used to disconnect a periferal device mencioning the name of the drive.
My SATA ports work Hi all, ive got the same problem, segate sata drive is seen in bios, comes up in system, but cannot see it in disk manager Monkey – Sep 2, at Mkoll – Nov 5, at You may install SATA hard disks on this motherboard for internal storage devices. Are you an Asrock Computer and Internet Expert?
I checked it on another type of motherboard.
SOLVED: Does Asrock P4VM8 support GB SATA hard disks? – Fixya
Near the interface port of the hard drive you have to put a jumper that limit the connection speed from 3. Go to the booting menu change the arrangement of your hardware.
It was slightly more confusing for me, satz I figured it out in the end Glad to see that I’m not the only one with the problem! Is there any soloution to make this possible or are the sata connections May 25, Asrock VM Motherboard.
Does Asrock P4VM8 support 500GB SATA hard disks?
You can’t post conmments that contain an email address. Helpful 5 Not Helpful Comment Flag. But it didn’t fix the problem. Posted on Jan 02, Saa finding what you are looking for? Instant Repair Help over the Phone 6ya. | {
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
} |
Q:
Haskell if then else with "two statements"
How can I do this:
if n > 0
then putStrLn "Hello"
putStrLn "Anything"
I want to have "two statements" in one condition but I keep getting compilation errors
I tried using semi-colon with no luck
A:
then can only take one value.... But you are in luck, because do smashes multiple IO() values into one....
if n > 0
then do
putStrLn "Hello"
putStrLn "Anything"
else return ()
Remember, in Haskell, you need an else also (and return () creates the trivial IO() that does nothing).
A:
Your example wouldn't make sense in Haskell. Every expression needs to have a value, which is why you always need to have an else, even if it is just return ().
Because it needs to be a single expression, you can't just do
putStrLn "Hello"
putStrLn "Anything"
since those are two expressions of type IO (), which means it is a computatinon with some external effects, and that there is no result. You have two computations that need to run in a sequence, which can be done using the >> combinator
putStrLn "Hello" >> putStrLn "Anything"
There is also an alternative syntax using the do block.
do
putStrLn "Hello"
putStrLn "Anything"
The important thing to note here is that this will compile to the same >> code as the example above. The do block can be thought of just as syntactic sugar (there is more to it, but for simplicity you can think of it that way.)
Putting this all together leaves us with
if n > 0
then putStrLn "Hello" >> putStrLn "Anything"
else return ()
or using the do block
if n > 0
then do
putStrLn "Hello"
putStrLn "Anything"
else return ()
Because this pattern is quite common, there is a when combinator (in Control.Monad), which does precisely this
when (n > 0)
do
putStrLn "Hello"
putStrLn "Anything"
or just simply
when (n > 0) (putStrLn "Hello" >> putStrLn "Anything")
| {
"pile_set_name": "StackExchange"
} |
Düzağaç, Mengen
Düzağaç is a village in the District of Mengen, Bolu Province, Turkey. As of 2010 it had a population of 141 people.
References
Category:Populated places in Bolu Province
Category:Mengen District
Category:Villages in Turkey | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
# Copyright (c) 2012 Google Inc. All rights reserved.
# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
# found in the LICENSE file.
{
'targets': [
{
'target_name': 'test_aslr_default',
'type': 'executable',
'msvs_settings': {
},
'sources': ['hello.cc'],
},
{
'target_name': 'test_aslr_no',
'type': 'executable',
'msvs_settings': {
'VCLinkerTool': {
'RandomizedBaseAddress': '1',
},
},
'sources': ['hello.cc'],
},
{
'target_name': 'test_aslr_yes',
'type': 'executable',
'msvs_settings': {
'VCLinkerTool': {
'RandomizedBaseAddress': '2',
}
},
'sources': ['hello.cc'],
},
]
}
| {
"pile_set_name": "Github"
} |
Santa Barbara
Archives for April 2012
One of the great joys of our friendship comes from sharing our holidays. For many years we have been lucky enough to celebrate both the Jewish traditions with Rhona’s family and the Italian traditions with Joan’s family. As Passover and Easter rapidly approach (and they fall on the same weekend this year) we find ourselves in heavy planning mode — making lists, shopping, cooking, but also dreaming and remembering. So many of our family celebrations are based on those we remember from our own childhoods, traditions we hope to pass on to the next generation. So we drag out the old faded recipes, tablecloths, photos… and the stories come rushing back. Today we share with you a few sample menus and iconic dishes from our diverse backgrounds, using the fresh ingredients available to us in the Santa Barbara markets. We know you will recognize some of these recipes, and perhaps find some inspiration for your own celebrations in a few of our ideas. As for us, we will sit down at the Seder table together on Friday and then hunt for Easter eggs together on Sunday… our families will share the holidays once again and we will revel in the commonality of our experience as well as the diversity of our traditions. Wishing you all a beautiful holiday weekend spent with loved ones and filled with joy.
Rhona’s Passover Seder
For me, the holiday is all about family and tradition. As I peel the potatoes, slice the onions, braise the brisket, simmer the carrots, update our family Haggadah (the book that guides our telling of the Passover story), set the table, light the candles, I think about all of the Seders that have taken place all over the world for so many centuries. All the dishes we put on the table on the first night of Passover represent a link to a very old story, but also a timeless one, of freedom, of family, of appreciation for what we have been given. My niece recently made me aware of a poem called “A Passover Love Story,” which reminds us that all the thought that goes into this one meal, the endless details: the Seder plates, the many courses, the recitation of the story, grandma’s silver, mom’s linens, granny’s candlesticks, and the memories: the voices of my grandfather and my father in my head as they read the Hebrew in the Maxwell House Haggadah, the laughter of our children as they searched for the hidden “afikomen,” the Manischewitz wine – all of it is a sort of unspoken code for the passing of tradition from one generation to the next. So here is my partial menu, along with my mother’s recipe for matzo ball soup, an important part of that code, and the symbol of everything Jewish that can heal whatever ails us!
There are as many ways to make matzo balls as there are Jewish grandmothers, each recipe claiming to be the best, the fluffiest, the lightest, the densest... it's all according, as my own grandmother used to say. It's what you're used to. For my family, we've gone the route of light and tender, easy on the salt.
Ingredients
3 jumbo eggs, separated, yolks beaten
3 tablespoons chicken fat or shortening
3 tablespoons cold water or sparkling water
⅔ cup matzo meal
½ teaspoon salt
1 teaspoon chopped fresh dill (optional)
1 large onion, chopped (optional)
1 tablespoon vegetable oil (optional)
Instructions
If using the onion, cook in a heavy skillet in vegetable oil over medium heat until softened, then lower heat and continue cooking until well-browned and fragrant. Be careful not to burn it. In a bowl, combine the egg yolks, chicken fat, water, matzo meal, dill if using, and salt. In an electric mixer, whip the egg whites, then fold it gently into the yolk mixture. If using the onion, add it to the mixture now and combine well. Chill in refrigerator six hours or in freezer one hour.
Put a pot of water up to boil. Using a tablespoon measure, scoop and shape by hand into 2" balls, being careful not to over-handle the mix. Drop each ball into the boiling water, cover and cook for at least 30 minutes. Ladle one or two in each person's bowl and cover with your own hot chicken soup or broth. (If you need a basic recipe for the soup, think about simmering a whole chicken in a big pot of water, adding chunks of carrots, onions, celery, parsnips, dill, and parsley. Bring it to a boil and then cook it over a low flame for about an hour before straining out the broth and letting it sit overnight in the refrigerator. The fat will rise to the top so you can scoop it out and discard it. Then just re-heat your clear broth when you're ready to serve it.)
3.2.2807
Joan’s Sicilian Easter Breakfast
As children, my sisters and I couldn’t wait for Easter morning – the end of Lent lifting the ban on eating candy, the Easter baskets somehow magically appearing on our beds, and the Easter eggs we colored the day before, now hiding in the house awaiting our discovery. Our hunts took place first thing in the morning because they were needed for Easter breakfast. Our father always helped out the sister with the least eggs, urging her on with, “You’re getting warmer. You’re getting colder.” I’m not sure who had more fun, the three of us rushing around to collect the most eggs or our parents watching our fervent efforts as we upended upholstery, crawled under tables and rummaged through kitchen drawers. When all the eggs were accounted for, we sat down to an amazing breakfast. Along with the newly rescued eggs, our Easter table consisted of an assortment of Italian salami, cheeses and crusty rolls purchased at the local Italian deli. The Easter table would not be complete without our father’s cured black olives. But the star of our Easter table had to be our mother’s Italian Easter Bread. Yes, the braided bread, shaped like a wreath with brightly decorated eggs nestled inside. We adored this festive bread as children. Our mother continued to make this bread for her grandchildren, using the eggs they colored. Her grandchildren were equally delighted. This bread is sure to enchant children of any age and when my daughters are home we love making the bread together and remembering Grandma Julie and her fabulous bread. Here’s our breakfast menu and my mother’s Italian Easter bread recipe.
In a large mixing bowl, blend the sugar, salt, and yeast and 1 cup of flour; stir well.
In a small saucepan, combine milk and butter, heating slowly until the milk is warm and the butter is melted. Gradually add the milk and butter to the flour mixture, stirring constantly. Add the two eggs and ½ cup flour and beat well. Add the remaining flour, ½ cup at a time, mixing well after each addition. When the dough draws away from the bowl, turn it out onto a lightly floured surface and knead until smooth and elastic, about 8 minutes. If the dough is sticky, add more flour in small amounts. Lightly oil a large bowl, and place the dough in the bowl, turning to coat with the oil. Cover with a damp cloth and place in a warm, draft-free place until doubled in volume, about 1 hour.
Punch down the dough and turn it out onto a lightly floured board. Divide the dough in half. Carefully roll each piece into a 24-inch rope. Loosely braid the two ropes together and form it into a ring on a greased baking sheet. Pinch the ends together to seal. Gently open the braid slightly to make a place for each colored egg. Carefully push the eggs down into the dough as far as possible. Cover the bread with waxed paper and let rise in a warm, draft-free place until double in bulk, about 45 minutes to 1 hour.
Beat water and egg together and gently brush the mixture over the dough with a pastry brush. Bake the bread in a preheated 350 degrees oven for about 35 minutes, or until a toothpick inserted into the bread comes out clean. Place onto a wire rack to cool. Once the bread is cool, drizzle the icing on top between the eggs, and decorate with colored sprinkles. | {
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
} |
FNC host Tucker Carlson and Jose Antonio Vargas, an immigration rights activist who revealed himself to be in the country illegally in 2011, debate President Trump's plans to reform the immigraton system.
"Do you think I came to this country," he asked, "so you can beat me up and call me illegal and criminal on national television?"
"Because 'being here illegally' or being here without documentation or authorization is a cicil offence. Not criminal. Almost half of the people who are here illegally actually came legally and overstayed their visa. Right? They aren't crossing the Mexican border."
"Those seem like non-sequiturs," Carlson said.
Reply: "Tucker, the problem is you don't actually operate in facts. You don't!"
"I'm not contesting those facts?" Carlson said.
"No, no. These are facts," replied Vargas. "You don’t actually operate in facts… I operate in facts, you’re a pundit. There's a difference between the two of us."
Carklson asks: "What does that have to do with anything? You're not answering my question. Which is, if a country has a right to determine who is here and under what circumstances. What are you arguing about? If you're agreeing that a country has a right to determine who has a right to be here, what is the arguement? If you're here illegally, we have a right to tell you to leave. What am I missing?"
Vargas: "Yes, you do. But why am I here. What are the root causes of migration? What do U.S. foreign policy and trade agreements have to do with migration patterns? How did NAFTA impact not only the United States, but Mexico? Right? These are the harder questions."
"We must be fully aware of our own history. I thought that statement from the African Union was really interesting --- 'Wait a second, so slaves have to build America, but we can't accept refugees?" | {
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-toxics-07-00005}
===============
Endocrine disruptor compounds (EDCs) are mostly synthetic molecules from industrial origin \[[@B1-toxics-07-00005],[@B2-toxics-07-00005],[@B3-toxics-07-00005]\] but are also some natural molecules \[[@B4-toxics-07-00005],[@B5-toxics-07-00005]\] that are present in the environment and promote adverse modifications of endocrine homeostasis in humans and/or in wildlife animals. EDCs raise serious concerns about their potential health impact.
Most of the receptors that are targeted by EDCs are nuclear receptors. These receptors are hormone-dependent transcription factors and, consequently, they exert long-term control of their target cells' phenotype. Membrane receptor signaling can also be affected by EDCs but this potentially leads to a short-term effect, since their signaling pathways exert more acute effects in target cells. An interesting case is that of estradiol, that binds to a transmembrane receptor named GPER (or GPR30) in addition to its nuclear receptors ERα and ERβ \[[@B6-toxics-07-00005]\]. Interestingly, the EDC bisphenol-A exhibits a higher affinity towards GPER than toward its nuclear ER receptors \[[@B7-toxics-07-00005]\].
The understanding of EDCs' mechanisms of action, as well as the extent to which their effects are responsible for health disorders, are the subject of scientific and public controversy. We present here information concerning EDCs compared to hormones in order to evaluate their particular properties and to estimate their potential risks for human and animal health.
In a previous article \[[@B8-toxics-07-00005]\], we summarized the main mechanisms of action of EDCs. We present here a more precise view of the different mechanisms that EDCs can exhibit, including:(1)Binding to a hormone receptor leading to activation of its signaling pathway;(2)Binding to a hormone receptor leading to inhibition of its signaling pathway;(3)Interactions with components of hormone signaling pathway downstream of a receptor;(4)Stimulation or(5)Inhibition of an endogenous hormone biosynthesis;(6)Binding to circulating hormone-binding protein;(7)Stimulation or inhibition of hormone-binding protein synthesis or degradation;(8)Stimulation or(9)Inhibition of hormone receptor expression.
Among these mechanisms, only the first one is common within the mechanisms of any action relating to hormones. The other mechanisms (numbers 2 to 9) lead to imbalances in endocrine homeostasis that are not consecutive to a direct hormonal-type mechanism of action by EDCs. We have thus taken these various mechanisms into consideration and summarized them in [Figure 1](#toxics-07-00005-f001){ref-type="fig"}, to differentiate the different types of EDCs according to their similarities or differences compared to hormones.
2. EDCs Directly Exhibiting Hormonal Activity Through Receptor Binding (Mechanism 1) {#sec2-toxics-07-00005}
====================================================================================
The most obvious EDCs are those exhibiting a hormone-type mechanism of action, i.e., those able to bind to and activate a hormone receptor (mechanism number 1 above). How is that possible, since hormones are considered to exhibit high affinity and high specificity towards their cognate receptor? Because EDCs exhibiting structures that are different from those of hormones, can sneak into their binding site and interfere with their mechanism of action.
The present hormone receptor (HR) couples, in all today's living species, are the fruit of evolution. Natural selection during evolution does not work on each HR couple individually (and neither on interactions involving each enzyme, structural protein or others) but on organisms exhibiting all possible sets of protein forms and thus, various capabilities to thrive in various environmental situations. Concerning HR couples, it is not sufficient that they exhibit high affinity but also that they do not interfere with others. It must thus have a high specificity so that hormones with almost similar structures (androgens vs. estrogens for example) do not interfere. Thus, evolution has not only selected individual efficient HR couples but also couples without mutual interferences, i.e., receptors that recognize their cognate ligand but also inhibit the binding of other molecules with very near structures. Only functional isolation of HR couples allows harmonious endocrine controls.
The massive introduction, in terms of number and quantity, of synthetic molecules having more or less the shape and size of hormones explains that some of them can lure the receptors and bind to them \[[@B9-toxics-07-00005]\]. Indeed, receptors have evolved to recognize their cognate ligand but also to impede the binding of other endogenous molecules with near structures. The receptors are thus protected against interaction with endogenous molecules resembling hormones. However, they cannot be protected against interaction with brand new molecules never encountered before during evolution. In addition, these new synthetic molecules can be present in rather high quantities, and therefore can compete with genuine hormones in spite of their lower affinity towards receptors, compared to hormones.
Examples of this mechanism concern essentially xenobiotics interacting with hormone nuclear receptors. Indeed, these receptors have hormone-binding sites of rather small size that can potentially accommodate many synthetic organic molecules of industrial origin, but also natural molecules. Moreover, as these receptors exhibit transcriptional activity, their activation by xenobiotics can profoundly affect target cells phenotype. Some EDCs nevertheless interact with membrane receptors \[[@B10-toxics-07-00005]\].
There are many examples of this straightforward classical mechanism, in which EDCs act like hormones by direct interaction and activation hormone receptors. Nevertheless, EDCs might be less efficiently degraded than the natural hormones and thus be more active in vivo because of a longer half-life in blood or in cells.
3. EDCs Directly Inhibiting Endogenous Hormone Action Through Receptor Occupation (Mechanism 2) {#sec3-toxics-07-00005}
===============================================================================================
Among the new molecules resembling hormones and able to bind to receptors, some can freeze the receptors conformation in their inactive state, and thus antagonize endogenous hormone action (mechanism number 2 above). Through such a mechanism, exogenous molecules can clearly exert endocrine disruption. For example, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) can suppress transcription through inhibiting the binding of T3 to the thyroid hormone receptor (TR) and consequently, by dissociating the transcriptionally active TR/retinoid X receptor heterodimer complex from the thyroid response element (TRE) \[[@B11-toxics-07-00005]\]. Additionally, anti-estrogenic, anti-androgenic, anti-progesteronic, and anti-ER activities were detected in samples from wastewater treatment plants \[[@B12-toxics-07-00005]\].
In this mechanism, EDCs are able to bind to receptors like hormones by exerting an antagonistic effect, in contrast to hormones. This mechanism of action can be tested in vitro but the cytotoxic effects of unknown substances can confound in vitro assays. This can make the interpretation of results difficult and uncertain, particularly when assessing antagonistic activity \[[@B13-toxics-07-00005]\].
4. EDCs Interacting with Hormone Signaling Pathways (Mechanism 3) {#sec4-toxics-07-00005}
=================================================================
A number of EDCs interplay with endocrine regulations through direct interaction. This means interaction is not with hormone receptors, but with hormone signaling pathway components downstream of receptor activation. Such molecules can exhibit structures that are largely different from those of hormones.
For example, fluoxetine (FLX) that is the SSRI (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor) active substance in the Prozac™ antidepressant has been shown to modify a number of intracellular signaling pathways in various cell types \[[@B14-toxics-07-00005],[@B15-toxics-07-00005],[@B16-toxics-07-00005]\]. Several bisphenols have been shown to interact with Ras small G proteins (particularly K-Ras4B) leading to the activation of the Ras signaling cascade, as shown by raised pERK and pAKT levels \[[@B17-toxics-07-00005]\].
Atrazine, one of the most commonly used herbicides worldwide, acts as an endocrine disruptor by inhibiting cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase PDE4 \[[@B18-toxics-07-00005]\] and thus, favors cAMP intracellular accumulation. Tolylfluanid impairs insulin signaling in human adipocytes through a reduction in insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) levels downstream from the insulin receptor \[[@B19-toxics-07-00005]\].
The plasticizer di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate (DEHP) is classified as an endocrine disruptor but also as an obesogen and has been shown to act through the peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs) \[[@B20-toxics-07-00005]\], provoking downstream effects on AMPK, ERK1, ERK2 and ACC activation through phosphorylation. DEHP can also exhibit non-endocrine reprotoxic effects by directly affecting these pathways in gametes \[[@B21-toxics-07-00005]\].
Recently, neonicotinoid pesticides have been shown to induce a change in *CYP19 (aromatase)* promoter usage in Hs578t breast cancer cells, leading to increased aromatase catalytic activity and the activation of MAPK 1/3 and/or PLC pathways \[[@B22-toxics-07-00005]\]. This promoter usage change is similar to that observed in patients with hormone-dependent breast cancer. Another example concerns the effect of triclosan, a broad-spectrum antibacterial and antifungal compound, on ovarian \[[@B23-toxics-07-00005]\] and testicular steroidogenesis through miRNAs which are involved in endocrine regulation and disease development in humans \[[@B24-toxics-07-00005]\]. For example, the miR-6321/Map3k1-regulated JNK/c-Jun/Nur77 cascade contributes to a triclosan endocrine disrupting effect \[[@B25-toxics-07-00005]\].
Histone methylation events are a general component of nuclear receptor mediated transcriptional regulation, for example in the testis \[[@B26-toxics-07-00005]\]. DNA methylation of a Wnt2 promoter, under bisphenol-A (BPA) exposure, is implicated in preeclampsia-like effects in mice \[[@B27-toxics-07-00005]\]. BPA also affects cell proliferation of human placental first trimester trophoblasts \[[@B28-toxics-07-00005]\] and is thus of concern for the sensitive window that is fetal development.
In this mechanism, EDCs do not interfere with hormone receptors but downstream of them, at numerous possible sites which can be difficult to identify. Potentially, this type of mechanism should be detectable and quantitated in vitro in cell culture systems. It must be kept in mind that this mechanism can lead to direct, non-endocrine, and toxic effects ([Figure 1](#toxics-07-00005-f001){ref-type="fig"}).
5. EDCs Affecting Endogenous Hormone Concentration (Mechanisms 4 and 5) {#sec5-toxics-07-00005}
=======================================================================
Many molecules can exert endocrine disruption, not by interfering directly with hormone receptors, but by affecting, positively or negatively, endogenous hormone(s) biosynthesis (mechanism 4) or degradation (mechanism 5). Such molecules generally exhibit structures that are different from those of hormones, since they do not compete with hormones at the receptor level.
5.1. Mechanism 4 {#sec5dot1-toxics-07-00005}
----------------
One example of this mechanism is that of BPA which, at a low dose, inhibits adiponectin secretion in vitro in human adipocytes \[[@B29-toxics-07-00005],[@B30-toxics-07-00005],[@B31-toxics-07-00005],[@B32-toxics-07-00005]\]. It has been shown that EDC 4-nonyphenol (4-NP) inhibits the secretion of testosterone by Leydig cells stimulated by human chorionic gonadotropin \[[@B33-toxics-07-00005]\] and triclosan induces Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) secretion by human prostate cancer cells \[[@B34-toxics-07-00005]\].
5.2. Mechanism 5 {#sec5dot2-toxics-07-00005}
----------------
Flame retardants such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have been described to act through the induction of hepatic enzymes involved in glucuronidation \[[@B11-toxics-07-00005]\], thus potentially leading to an increase in T4 elimination and the lowering of its concentration in blood. Parabens, which are effective preservatives widely used in cosmetic products, inhibit 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17β-HSD) and consequently inhibit estrogen degradation \[[@B35-toxics-07-00005]\], potentially leading to an increased hormone concentration in blood.
In this mechanism again, EDCs do not interfere with hormone receptors but, by affecting endogenous hormone concentration, impact either their biosynthesis or degradation. Such a mechanism has to be studied in vivo but can be tested in vitro when a specific step has been identified.
6. EDCs Affecting Endogenous Free Active Hormone Concentration (Mechanisms 6 and 7) {#sec6-toxics-07-00005}
===================================================================================
Many hormones, particularly the hydrophobic ones (steroids and thyroid hormones), are transported by binding proteins in blood. Since EDCs are generally hydrophobic, they are susceptible to compete with small hydrophobic hormones in relation to these transport proteins.
6.1. Mechanism 6 {#sec6dot1-toxics-07-00005}
----------------
A number of EDCs directly interfere with hormone-binding transport proteins, thus competing with the endogenous hormones' concentration in blood. For example, numerous chemicals have been shown to interact with SHBG (steroid hormone-binding protein) or AFP (α-fetoprotein) \[[@B36-toxics-07-00005],[@B37-toxics-07-00005]\] and thus, able to interfere with steroid hormones transport and concentration in blood. The EDCs exerting their effect through this mechanism exhibit some structural resemblance with the hormones, so that they can compete with them for binding with hormone-binding transport proteins.
In this mechanism, EDCs do not compete with hormones at the receptor level, but at the level of their circulating binding proteins. They can thus exhibit structural resemblance with the hormones they compete with, and this competition can be studied in vitro.
6.2. Mechanism 7 {#sec6dot2-toxics-07-00005}
----------------
Other EDCs affect the biosynthesis or degradation of hormone-binding transport proteins, so that both the total hormone concentration and/or its free active fraction can be affected. The EDCs acting this way can exhibit chemical structures very different from those of hormones. For example, PBDEs act through the down-regulation of the transport protein transthyretin (TTR) \[[@B11-toxics-07-00005]\] and therefore can lower T4 concentration in blood.
Through this mechanism, many toxicants can be catalogued as EDCs because hormone-binding transport proteins are often synthesized and/or degraded by the liver, which, as a (degrading) organ, is the main target of toxicants.
7. EDCs Affecting Endogenous Hormone Receptor Turn-Over (Mechanisms 8 and 9) {#sec7-toxics-07-00005}
============================================================================
7.1. Mechanism 8 {#sec7dot1-toxics-07-00005}
----------------
Stimulation of endogenous hormone receptors is a way by which a number of EDCs interfere with endocrine homeostasis. BPA has been shown to stimulate leptin receptor expression in ovarian cancer cells in vitro \[[@B31-toxics-07-00005]\]. Cadmium exposure of endothelial HUVEC cells in vitro induced a significant increase of estradiol receptor β (ERβ) and Cyp19a1 enzymes at both mRNA and protein levels, while a drastic dose-dependent decrease of androgen receptor (AR) expression levels was observed after 24 h of exposure \[[@B38-toxics-07-00005]\].
7.2. Mechanism 9 {#sec7dot2-toxics-07-00005}
----------------
Inhibition of receptor expression is also a mechanism responsible for EDC alteration of the endocrine system. It has also been described that a low oral dose of BPA given to rats can inhibit estrogen receptor expression in their hypothalamic cells \[[@B39-toxics-07-00005]\]. Likewise, inhibition of androgen receptor expressions by BPA has been described in vivo \[[@B29-toxics-07-00005]\] and in vitro in cells from breast or prostate cancer patients \[[@B40-toxics-07-00005]\]. Such an inhibition has also been observed in newborn rats exposed to BPA and was attributed to hypermethylation of the androgen receptor promoter \[[@B41-toxics-07-00005]\]. Moreover, BPA can selectively affect the expression of the ecdysone receptor gene expression in insects \[[@B42-toxics-07-00005]\], whereas it promotes a decrease in ERα, ERβ and GPR30 in fetal mammary gland \[[@B43-toxics-07-00005]\].
In these mechanisms, EDCs generally do not need to resemble hormones to exert their adverse effect by modifying receptor availability. Nevertheless, receptor synthesis and/or degradation are often controlled by its cognate hormone \[[@B43-toxics-07-00005]\]. In this case, EDC structural similarity with hormones can be responsible for this effect. These mechanisms can potentially be identified and studied in vitro, using cell culture assays.
8. In Vitro Tests vs. In Vivo Tests {#sec8-toxics-07-00005}
===================================
Mechanisms 1 and 2 are relatively easily amendable to in vitro tests to replace in vivo tests, making use of living animals \[[@B44-toxics-07-00005],[@B45-toxics-07-00005],[@B46-toxics-07-00005]\]. Mechanisms 8 and 9 can also be potentially studied in vitro. In vivo tests in aquatic animals reproducing EDC concentrations recorded in polluted places in the environment are particularly useful \[[@B47-toxics-07-00005],[@B48-toxics-07-00005]\], but not always easy to interpolate to terrestrial species, including humans.
The limited capabilities of in vitro models to metabolically activate or inactivate xenobiotics may lead to misinterpretation of the in vitro data if such information is missing \[[@B49-toxics-07-00005]\]. These authors have shown that HC11 cells did not show any biotransformation capability, while the major biotransformation pathways in HepG2 and MCF7 cells were conjugated to sulfate and, to a lesser extent, glucuronic acid. These results suggest that HC11 cells should be a valuable cellular system to study the intrinsic estrogenic activity of the tested compound. In these cells, it is thus the concentrations of EDCs in active form that must be taken into consideration. Using HepG2 and MCF7 cells that are able to metabolize activity can help to take into account part of the metabolic fate of the tested compound that occur in vivo.
Since a number of metabolizing enzymes are poorly or not at all expressed in standard in vitro systems, their use in endocrine disruptor testing may result in false negatives for compounds in which bioactivation is a prerequisite.
In vitro and in vivo tests are complementary but in vivo tests have to be kept at a minimum for ethical reasons, providing, nevertheless, that in vitro tests give sufficient reliable information.
9. Endocrine Disruption vs. Other Toxicological Mechanisms {#sec9-toxics-07-00005}
==========================================================
Molecules with recognized endocrine disruption activity can also have additional adverse effects through other toxicological mechanisms. They can directly be cytotoxic or reprotoxic (i.e., direct alteration of gametogenesis or other reproductive steps) \[[@B50-toxics-07-00005]\], or teratogenic or genotoxic (alteration of DNA: either by epigenetic alterations or through mutations), possibly leading to cancers independent of endocrine-related cancers. For example, BPA exhibits cytotoxic and genotoxic effects not related to its EDC properties \[[@B50-toxics-07-00005],[@B51-toxics-07-00005],[@B52-toxics-07-00005]\]. Likewise, dioxin that acts as an EDC through the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) \[[@B53-toxics-07-00005]\] has also been shown to be a potent genotoxic \[[@B54-toxics-07-00005]\]. Although these cytotoxic and genotoxic effects are generally observed at higher concentrations than endocrine-disturbing effects, this possibility must be taken into consideration.
As with the other toxicants, EDCs exhibit longer effects during early developmental steps, such as embryonic, fetal, neonatal, childhood, and puberty periods \[[@B52-toxics-07-00005],[@B55-toxics-07-00005]\]. Obviously, defects during developmental steps will have consequences during the whole life of the exposed individual \[[@B56-toxics-07-00005]\] and sometimes in its descendants, as these effects often occur through epigenetic mechanisms \[[@B57-toxics-07-00005]\]. Whatever the mechanism in action, it would be wise to study EDC effects in these sensitive windows and observe the consequences in adults. Nevertheless, numerous and long-term experiments for testing individual EDCs or mixtures in animals would be nearly impossible for all suspected molecules. It is therefore advantageous to classify individual molecules according to their disturbing mechanisms, in order to get a better analysis of their synergies in mixtures.
10. EDCs Mechanisms of Action and Risk Assessment {#sec10-toxics-07-00005}
=================================================
As stated in the WHO-UNEP 2012 document \[[@B58-toxics-07-00005]\], EDCs represent a challenge as their effects depend on both the level and timing of exposure, being especially critical when exposure occurs during development. "Risk assessment" is the term generally used to refer to the characterization of the potential adverse effects of exposure to hazards. The evaluation of EDC risk assessment is an issue leading to controversies \[[@B58-toxics-07-00005],[@B59-toxics-07-00005],[@B60-toxics-07-00005],[@B61-toxics-07-00005]\].
Therefore, the timing of exposure and of its acceptable quantitative limits are of major interest to assess risk \[[@B62-toxics-07-00005]\]. Nevertheless, the existence of dose-thresholds for endocrine disruptors continues to be debated \[[@B63-toxics-07-00005],[@B64-toxics-07-00005],[@B65-toxics-07-00005],[@B66-toxics-07-00005],[@B67-toxics-07-00005]\] because non-monotonous dose response (NMDR) curves are often considered as an intrinsic property of EDCs in the non-scientific press and general public. It is rather a property derived from the complexity of endocrine regulations \[[@B64-toxics-07-00005]\]. It remains nevertheless, that it can be difficult to distinguish a valid true threshold from an apparent threshold, which merely arises from the limits of detection of the experimental system used.
If a molecule exhibits a U-shape dose-response curve in a given experimental system, the U descending branch of the curve should be used as the basis for determining the threshold if the registered response is related to the adverse effect of the molecule. This can lead to exceedingly low limits but, at least, this is more satisfying than, by principle, refusing any limit. Of course, the determination of the control value in the total absence of the molecule under test is primordial to demonstrate a significative, positive or negative, effect at these very low doses.
Both authors, Y.C. and T.M.D.N., carried out the writing and editing of this Review.
This research received no external funding.
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
{#toxics-07-00005-f001}
| {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Not commenting on how good good he played as I doubt I’ll change your mind but he started the move that lead to Fletch being one on one with a neat pass on to Reach and he started the move that first got Baker in space down the right with a smart pass round the defender to put Reach in space. Don’t know if you’ve forgotten these or choosing to ignore them.
The injury wasn’t made up. Even KW admitted he’d missed a training session due to a knock in his twitter post. The disagreement was over the severity of it, KW felt he was fine to carry on, I imagine (but don’t know) JL probably agreed but saw it as a useful reason for not including him.
This deal could have an impact on us. If Chelsea don’t go for Butland (they were evens with the bookies as his new club) then I don’t know who will. If no one goes for butland then Stoke aren’t going to come in for Westwood.
My understanding was that the good doctor him indoors couldn’t get his money out of China to bankroll Villa hence the hmrc issues. Nw people came in and paid up all the tax issues etc. However they have no idea embargo yet. Next season they will do so they’re going all out for promotion again this year. May well be miles over he limits if hey miss out.
Agreed. What I would say about that is that DC and Katrien were in constant dialogue with EFL during the meeting in an attempt to come to an agreement that will allow us to sign players. Probably not before Thursday but loans before end of August. From why they said yesterday I’m confident that all are aware that Rb remains a weakness. If we get everything sorted hopefully we will get our replacement in. Unfortunately we are not in a position to get players in before selling others.
I understand you point and like you say people have their own views.
I think the club view is that £50k (if that is correct I’ve not seen a figure before) this season doesn’t cover much for a multimillion pound company. It also leaves us open to a continually decreasing figure, next time the Beeb might offer £40k then £30k etc. Whereas this season we might get 2000 more customers. Next season we might get 2000 more etc (figures plucked from my head to illustrate point). Eventually we will be in a much stronger position.
It’s one of those odd things with our club at the moment where people are worrying about the immediate success and the future success. I think this is a decision that has been made to strengthen the future of the club. I guess the club felt that becuse this was over a relatively small fee (in the grand scheme of things) they could afford to take a stand.
I do however agree that we will surely be worse off this season.
Help with accessing. Not purchasing for them. We have enough money trouble as it is. Lol
They know it won’t be popular with all. Only 92% have access to the internet (I believe this was the figure shared yesterday.) however they can offer those 92% a better service which won’t be interrupted to spend 5 minutes talking about pigs, mini pigs and dingles. (Best reaction of the night came when 99% of fans in attendance were in uproar after a fan suggested owls fans prefer to listen to the radio because we want to hear the games of the pigs,mini pigs and dingles as well as our updates. )
As as they admitted last night nobody wants to pay for something that was once free however they will be able to offer a better product to fans this way. One that is uninterrupted by rivals. A good point that I hadn’t given much thought before last night was that old fans who can no longer attend games will now be able to listen to all Wednesday games instead of just some away games.
You’re right in the sense that if we want positive PR we should suck up to the Beeb and accept whatever they offer us. We have taken a riskier and bolder strategy but one that may pay off in the long run. I can definitely see more clubs following us in the future.
Absolutely. It was Carlos that wanted Rhodes DC wasn’t sure but backed CC. Reference to fans was only that they all wanted him when he signed but changed their mind later. When DC talks, he talks a lot so I’m not saying it is intentional misleading from anyone but he didn’t buy him for the fans he bought him for Carlos. He spoke about this at the January meeting and was probably more clear about it then.
Selling Hunt was a decision by the club. Mention of fans was only to say that they had had a drastic change of view since his departure.
I agree about transfer fees. I think DC is eager not to be taken advantage of but we’re clearly in a weak bargaining position. Hopefully they get as good a deal as possible. At least it will be his wages off the books. And long term will help increase the ability (&value) of the youngsters which is positive.
Memberships- won’t change, wouldn’t be fair on those who have already purchased. I do imagine however it will change back to £50 deal next year.
Radio- we won’t be letting the BBC bully us. Explained last night that most fans do have access to internet and the club are willing to support people who have difficulty accessing the service. Also spoke about wanting to offer a free trial month but need the efl to grant us permission first.
Really hate the term ‘fake news’. Really, really hate it. Please don’t make me start talking like trump.
Thats not true. He repeated last night what he said in January at the meeting then. Carlos wanted Rhodes. DC wasn’t convinced we needed him but trusted Carlos’ views and backed him financially. All he said about fans was that they all thought it was great business at the time. Everyone wanted Rhodes when we signed him and now they all point at it as terrible business. Hindsight.
With Hunt he said that fans were critical of Hunt last season. Many said he (and Palmer) weren’t good enough yet as soon as he’s sold people talk about him like he’s amazing. He never said he was influenced into selling Jack Hunt only that there seemed a drastic change in opinion of Hunt before and after the sale.
Your two posts seem to contradict each other. Are you worried we’re trying to get too much or not trying to get enough?
DC made no mention of specific fees (or which players) that have been offered but I don’t think anyone would expect him to disclose that sort of information while talks are on going.
Okay, so nothing specific about transfers just a general negativity?
DC spoke quite extensively about not giving things away for less than they’re worth (Not transfers but sponsorship, radio commentary rights etc). Nothing about the meeting made me think we’d be weak negotiators. They didn’t talk specifics but admitted they received really low bids for players from clubs thinking they could take advantage of us. DC having none of it. Hopefully that continues. | {
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
} |
According to Sapphire representative, AMD will unveil two Navi SKUs during the May 27th press event.
AMD Navi at 399 USD and 499 USD
While speaking to the Chinese press, Sapphire PR manager revealed that AMD is working on two Navi SKUs: a 399 USD variant to compete against GeForce RTX 2060 and 499 USD model as an alternative to RTX 2070.
The interview also shed some light on the new Navi architecture. According to the same manager, it will not support ray-tracing on a hardware level. This might be an important factor when comparing GeForce and Radeon cards at the same price point.
Interestingly, it was also suggested that the launch date for Navi could indeed be July 7th, while the first demonstration of new products is expected on May 27th during Dr. Lisa Su’s keynote at Computex.
Rumors about Big Navi (with 5K+ cores) have been debunked by the rep. It does seem that Navi is indeed succeeding Polaris architecture in mid-range to high-end market, while leaving enthusiast range for Radeon VII.
A few weeks ago the PCB of the new AMD graphics card have been leaked:
Meanwhile, first traces of Navi (731F:C1) can be found in 3DMark database, as discovered by APISAK. The specs listed are clearly not accurate, as you could see the same values for Fiji and Vega prior to their launch.
Source: Zhihu | {
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
} |
--- src/client.c.org Tue Nov 30 13:49:23 2004
+++ src/client.c Wed Dec 1 12:42:01 2004
@@ -144,6 +144,7 @@
static size_t try_read_from_server PROTO ((char *, size_t));
+static void proxy_connect PROTO ((cvsroot_t *, int));
static void auth_server PROTO ((cvsroot_t *, struct buffer *, struct buffer *,
int, int, struct hostent *));
@@ -3762,7 +3763,7 @@
int port_number;
struct sockaddr_in client_sai;
struct hostent *hostinfo;
- struct buffer *to_server, *from_server;
+ struct buffer *local_to_server, *local_from_server;
sock = socket (AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if (sock == -1)
@@ -3770,7 +3771,17 @@
error (1, 0, "cannot create socket: %s", SOCK_STRERROR (SOCK_ERRNO));
}
port_number = get_cvs_port_number (root);
+
+ /* if we have a proxy connect to that instead */
+ if(root->proxy)
+ {
+ hostinfo = init_sockaddr (&client_sai, root->proxy, root->proxy_port);
+ }
+ else
+ {
hostinfo = init_sockaddr (&client_sai, root->hostname, port_number);
+ }
+
if (trace)
{
fprintf (stderr, " -> Connecting to %s(%s):%d\n",
@@ -3780,29 +3791,41 @@
if (connect (sock, (struct sockaddr *) &client_sai, sizeof (client_sai))
< 0)
error (1, 0, "connect to %s(%s):%d failed: %s",
- root->hostname,
+ root->proxy ? root->proxy : root->hostname,
inet_ntoa (client_sai.sin_addr),
- port_number, SOCK_STRERROR (SOCK_ERRNO));
+ root->proxy ? root->proxy_port : port_number,
+ SOCK_STRERROR (SOCK_ERRNO));
- make_bufs_from_fds (sock, sock, 0, &to_server, &from_server, 1);
+ make_bufs_from_fds (sock, sock, 0, &local_to_server, &local_from_server, 1);
- auth_server (root, to_server, from_server, verify_only, do_gssapi, hostinfo);
+ if(root->proxy)
+ {
+ // REALLY ugly hack to allow proxy_connect() to use send_to_server().
+ // The proper fix would be to remove the global to_server & from_server
+ // variables, and instead let send_to_server() etc. take the target
+ // server struct as a paramter.
+ to_server = local_to_server;
+ from_server = local_from_server;
+ proxy_connect (root, port_number);
+ }
+
+ auth_server (root, local_to_server, local_from_server, verify_only, do_gssapi, hostinfo);
if (verify_only)
{
int status;
- status = buf_shutdown (to_server);
+ status = buf_shutdown (local_to_server);
if (status != 0)
error (0, status, "shutting down buffer to server");
- buf_free (to_server);
- to_server = NULL;
+ buf_free (local_to_server);
+ local_to_server = NULL;
- status = buf_shutdown (from_server);
+ status = buf_shutdown (local_from_server);
if (status != 0)
error (0, status, "shutting down buffer from server");
- buf_free (from_server);
- from_server = NULL;
+ buf_free (local_from_server);
+ local_from_server = NULL;
/* Don't need to set server_started = 0 since we don't set it to 1
* until returning from this call.
@@ -3810,11 +3833,53 @@
}
else
{
- *to_server_p = to_server;
- *from_server_p = from_server;
+ *to_server_p = local_to_server;
+ *from_server_p = local_from_server;
}
return;
+}
+
+
+
+static void
+proxy_connect (root, port_number)
+ cvsroot_t *root;
+ int port_number;
+{
+#define CONNECT_STRING "CONNECT %s:%d HTTP/1.0\r\n\r\n"
+ /* Send a "CONNECT" command to proxy: */
+ char* read_buf;
+ int codenum, count;
+
+ /* 4 characters for port covered by the length of %s & %d */
+ char* write_buf = xmalloc (strlen (CONNECT_STRING) + strlen (root->hostname
+) + 20 + 1);
+ int len = sprintf (write_buf, CONNECT_STRING, root->hostname, port_number);
+
+ send_to_server (write_buf, len);
+
+ /* Wait for HTTP status code, bail out if you don't get back a 2xx code.*/
+ count = read_line (&read_buf);
+ sscanf (read_buf, "%s %d", write_buf, &codenum);
+
+ if ((codenum / 100) != 2)
+ error (1, 0, "proxy server %s:%d does not support http tunnelling",
+ root->proxy, root->proxy_port);
+ free (read_buf);
+ free (write_buf);
+
+ /* Skip through remaining part of MIME header, recv_line
+ consumes the trailing \n */
+ while(read_line (&read_buf) > 0)
+ {
+ if (read_buf[0] == '\r' || read_buf[0] == 0)
+ {
+ free (read_buf);
+ break;
+ }
+ free (read_buf);
+ }
}
--- src/client.h.org Wed Dec 1 07:36:43 2004
+++ src/client.h Wed Dec 1 07:38:06 2004
@@ -69,6 +69,9 @@
# ifndef CVS_AUTH_PORT
# define CVS_AUTH_PORT 2401
# endif /* CVS_AUTH_PORT */
+# ifndef CVS_PROXY_PORT
+# define CVS_PROXY_PORT 80
+# endif /* CVS_PROXY_PORT */
# endif /* (AUTH_CLIENT_SUPPORT) || defined (HAVE_GSSAPI) */
# if HAVE_KERBEROS
--- src/root.c.org Wed Dec 1 07:38:19 2004
+++ src/root.c Wed Dec 1 07:48:43 2004
@@ -303,6 +303,8 @@
newroot->proxy_port = 0;
newroot->isremote = 0;
#endif /* CLIENT_SUPPORT */
+ newroot->proxy = NULL;
+ newroot->proxy_port = CVS_PROXY_PORT;
return newroot;
}
@@ -332,6 +334,8 @@
if (root->proxy_hostname != NULL)
free (root->proxy_hostname);
#endif /* CLIENT_SUPPORT */
+ if (root->proxy != NULL)
+ free (root->proxy);
free (root);
}
@@ -375,6 +379,7 @@
#ifdef CLIENT_SUPPORT
int check_hostname, no_port, no_password;
#endif /* CLIENT_SUPPORT */
+ const char *env_var;
/* allocate some space */
newroot = new_cvsroot_t();
@@ -555,6 +560,29 @@
/* restore the '/' */
cvsroot_copy = firstslash;
*cvsroot_copy = '/';
+
+
+ /* Determine proxy */
+ env_var = getenv("CVS_PROXY");
+ if (!env_var)
+ env_var = getenv("HTTP_PROXY");
+ /* Check if a proxy was specified, and if it is a HTTP proxy */
+ if (env_var && !memcmp(env_var, "http://", 7))
+ {
+ char *port_str;
+
+ /* Try to parse the proxy data */
+ env_var += 7;
+ /* TODO - parse username/password data, too */
+ port_str = strchr(env_var, ':');
+ if (port_str)
+ {
+ *port_str++ = 0;
+ newroot->proxy_port = atoi(port_str);
+ }
+ newroot->proxy = xstrdup(env_var);
+ }
+
#endif /* CLIENT_SUPPORT */
}
--- src/root.h.org Wed Dec 1 07:48:49 2004
+++ src/root.h Wed Dec 1 12:26:12 2004
@@ -39,4 +39,5 @@
int proxy_port; /* The port of the proxy or zero, as above. */
unsigned char isremote; /* Nonzero if we are doing remote access. */
#endif /* CLIENT_SUPPORT */
+ char *proxy;
} cvsroot_t;
| {
"pile_set_name": "Github"
} |
Q:
How to set previous value when cancelling a drop-down list with Angular Directive?
I have an angular directive that you add to any 'select' element to give it a cool modal pop up and add a custom message (which I omitted from this example).
I'm trying, in the directive, to make it so when the user clicks cancel the value goes back to what it was, otherwise it appears that it has changed. I can this normally in jquery without this weird modal setup I have
Here's a working plnkr with info - http://plnkr.co/edit/JRi5AsarX9AztCWLx1QR?p=preview
Angular Directive:
angular.module('plunker', ['ui.bootstrap']).directive('ngConfirmClick', ['$modal',
function($modal) {
return {
restrict: 'A',
scope:{
ngConfirmClick:"&",
item:"="
},
link: function(scope, element, attrs) {
if(element.context.tagName == 'SELECT'){
$("select").change(function() {
var ModalInstanceCtrl = function($scope, $modalInstance) {
$scope.ok = function() {
$modalInstance.close();
};
$scope.cancel = function() {
$modalInstance.dismiss('cancel');
};
};
var message = attrs.ngConfirmMessage || "Are you sure ?";
var modalHtml = '<div class="modal-header" id="confirm-box"><h4 id="title-color" class="modal-title"><i class="fa fa-exclamation"></i> Please Confirm</h4></div><div class="modal-body">' + message + '</div>';
modalHtml += '<div class="modal-footer"><button class="btn btn-primary" ng-click="ok()">OK</button><button class="btn btn-warning" ng-click="cancel()">Cancel</button></div>';
var modalInstance = $modal.open({
template: modalHtml,
controller: ModalInstanceCtrl
});
modalInstance.result.then(function() {
scope.ngConfirmClick({item:scope.item});
}, function() {
});
});
}
}
}
}
]);
HTML
<div ng-controller="ModalDemoCtrl">
<b>This is the list I'm looping through:</b> <h3>{{peoples}}</h3>
When I cancel I want to return to the value Sam or whatever value was selected at the time of cancel.
<select ng-confirm-click="sendPost()" ng-model="selectedPerson" class="form-control-dropdown" ng-options="people as people for people in peoples"></select>
</div>
controller:
angular.module('plunker', ['ui.bootstrap']);
var ModalDemoCtrl = function ($scope, $modal, $log) {
$scope.selectedPerson = 'Sam';
$scope.peoples = ['Sam', 'Randy', 'Joe'] ;
$scope.sendPost = function(){
console.log('this makes a POST call normally');
};
};
I have tried a lot to get this working, some methods more hacky than other. My problem is I for some reason can't figure out, once I'm inside the $modalinstance to pass the original value
A:
Please check the updated plunker.
I did a small change. I have added ngModel in scope variable and just maintaining the oldValue in the variable from scope.ngModel
| {
"pile_set_name": "StackExchange"
} |
Politics Washington Family Faces 20 Years in Federal Prison for Legally Growing Medical Marijuana Lisa Rough June 5, 2015 Share Twitter Facebook Share Print
We all know that the cannabis landscape is changing drastically each day, with numerous states submitting bills that would outright legalize cannabis, allow for the implementation of a medical marijuana program, or at the very least decriminalize the drug. But despite the steady progress that’s being made, there remain numerous legal gray areas to navigate, and oftentimes families find themselves at risk of being raided, arrested, and charged with federal crimes even if they’re complying with their state’s marijuana laws. One such family, nicknamed the Kettle Falls Five by the media, is facing a terrifying sentence of 20 years in a federal penitentiary. Their crime? Growing marijuana in a safe, controlled environment, strictly for medicinal purposes.
Who Are the Kettle Falls Five?
The Kettle Falls Five are a group of law-abiding citizens in the state of Washington who made the decision to enter into a collective cannabis garden together. Under Washington state law, every medical marijuana patient is entitled to grow up to 15 plants each. However, a collective garden has a cap of no more than 45 plants per garden. The group was growing a total of 68 plants, which is the legal limit for the number of plants per patient but exceeds the number of total plants permitted for a collective garden. These harvests were meant to last the entire year and the family sustained itself by growing their own medicine to be used solely for medicinal purposes, as they all have legal medical marijuana recommendations.
Founding members of the Kettle Falls Five include a family from Kettle Falls comprised of Rhonda Firestack-Harvey, her husband, Larry Harvey, her son Rolland Gregg, and Rolland’s wife, Michelle Gregg. The only member of the Kettle Falls Five who is not related is Jason Zucker, a family friend who recently took an eleventh hour plea deal and testified against the others.
Not a single person charged here has a criminal record of any kind. These are Washington’s average medical cannabis consumers – Michelle works for Microsoft, Rolland owns a tech company specializing in innovative clean energy sources, and Rhonda is the primary caregiver for Larry, a task that will be passed on to the taxpayers if she is put behind bars.
The family believed that everything that they were doing was in absolute, strict compliance with Washington’s medical marijuana laws, down to the green cross sign labeling the collective garden. So what went wrong?
Lives Forever Changed
The first raid occurred in August of 2012. Local authorities came with one DEA agent in tow and confiscated 23 plants, reducing the number down to the legal limit of 45. They also confiscated an ATV and any firearms on the property, although the group has steadily maintained that the legally-owned weapons on the farm were for hunting purposes only and had nothing to do with the cannabis onsite. No arrests were made at the time — those would come six months later, without warning. Each member was taken in their home, at 6am, by three separate SWAT teams.
During this harrowing experience, the DEA agents came in swarms, cutting down the entire garden this time, confiscating vehicles, computers, and cash. Each member of the Kettle Falls Five was indicted and held in jail; in the case of Rhonda and Larry, they were held for nearly three weeks before being released under pretrial supervision. Without access to his medicine, Larry’s gout was exacerbated, leaving him with a permanently disfigured foot.
One of the terms of the Kettle Falls Five’s pretrial probation is that each member is drug-tested every week. According to the judge, the defendants cannot use any “controlled substance,” even if they have a medical “recommendation,” because the federal court recognizes cannabis’ classification as a Schedule I drug with no medicinal value. Each member dutifully abstained from cannabis for the duration of their pre-trial, including Larry Harvey, who suffers from pancreatic cancer. As the trial progressed, his condition worsened to the point that he was diagnosed with Stage IV terminal pancreatic cancer. Thankfully, charges against Larry were ultimately dropped, and Larry was able to resume his medical regimen that includes the use of cannabis oil.
Hope in the Form of Legislative Amendments
This case is complex for a number of reasons, one being the federal charges included an unclear photo as evidence from years past in an effort to charge the group with the manufacturing of over 100 plants, despite the fact that there were never more than 68 plants confiscated or present during the raids. With the deck stacked against the Kettle Falls Five, their case seemed bleak.
Surprisingly, the group’s plight was at least partly the inspiration for Representatives Dana Rohrbacher (R-CA) and Sam Farr (D-CA) to introduce a new amendment to last year’s Cromnibus Appropriations Spending Bill, the Rohrbacher-Farr amendment (Section 538). The amendment would prohibit the Department of Justice from using federal funds to prosecute medical marijuana cases in states where it has been legalized. Representatives Rohrbacher and Farr felt so strongly about this amendment that they also sent a personally signed letter from Congress reminding the Department of Justice that it is no longer in their jurisdiction, nor within their rights, to pursue federal cases against state-level marijuana crimes.
Fortunately, the Rohrbacher-Farr amendment has been renewed, which will uphold the decision to deny federal funds for the prosecution of marijuana cases in states where cannabis is legal. The amendment will hold major implications, not just for this case, but for all future cannabis policies, particularly the CARERS Act, a bill that would reconcile federal and state law in regards to medical marijuana.
If you haven’t already, please contact your legislator and ask him or her to support the CARERS Act, which could prevent situations like the Kettle Falls Five from ever occurring in the future.
What Will Happen to the Kettle Falls Five?
The three remaining defendants were acquitted on four out of the five charges against them, but they still face a sentencing hearing that has been postponed from this June until October 2nd. This could be the end of this “nightmare,” as Rolland aptly described the ongoing ordeal for the past three years. Or it could be just the beginning — there’s only one federal drug charge remaining, but it’s a big one: growing between 50 and 100 plants. They’ve already been convicted and are facing 20 years in a federal penitentiary.
Jason Zucker, the fifth defendant in the trial, pled guilty for a reduced sentence in exchange for testifying against the others. He received a recommended sentence of sixteen months in prison.
When asked about Zucker, and how he felt about that turn of events, Rolland gave a thoughtful and poignant response:
“I don’t hold hate in my heart for anybody. It only grows to work against you. He did what he needed to do.”
He sounds like a dangerous criminal, all right.
If you want to support the Kettle Falls Five, please add your name to a growing petition available here. By adding your name, this will automatically send a letter to the judge asking for leniency in their sentencing. The Kettle Falls Five have traversed the gauntlet and charted every legal avenue in the dogged pursuit of justice. They are walking through the fire and fighting tooth and nail to gain their lives back. Should their lives be ruined over a couple dozen cannabis plants?
Share Twitter Facebook Share Print
Lisa Rough Lisa is a former associate editor at Leafly, where she specialized in legislative cannabis policy and industry topics. View Lisa Rough's articles | {
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
} |
Q:
Get MySQL Path Columns of Subpages Into Hierarchical Array And Output To Tiered
I have a MySQL table with content for a custom CMS I've built.
There are a number of columns, but the ones dealing with the paths are:
path (full path to the page, e.g. /category/page1/ )
parentpath (path up to that particular page, e.g. /category/ )
childpath (path following the parentpath, e.g. page1/ )
I've written a function that gets all subpages of a particular page into an array, and another that outputs them into li elements.
function get_subpages($path) {
$GetSubpages=mysql_query("SELECT * FROM content WHERE parentpath='$path'");
while ( $SubpageLoop = mysql_fetch_assoc($GetSubpages) ) {
$Subpages[] = $SubpageLoop;
}
unset($GetSubpages);
return $Subpages;
}
and
function list_subpages($path) {
$Subpages=get_subpages($path);
if ($Subpages) {
$Output="";
foreach($Subpages as $Subpage) {
$Output .= '<li><a href="'.$Subpage[path].'">'.$Subpage[title].'</a></li>';
}
}
return $Output;
}
However, I would like to have the functions operate so that the array produced is hierarchical, corresponding to the page structure, along with the HTML list that is produced.
I've been experimenting with the DISTINCT operator in the SQL query, and then creating a secondary loop to then get the subpages of each result, but without much luck
mysql_query("SELECT DISTINCT parentpath FROM content WHERE parentpath LIKE '$path%' ORDER BY path ASC");
I also started playing with a preg_match to catch any items with a slash in the middle of them and then run another query using one of the array results, but haven't been able to figure out exactly how to get that to work the way I want.
preg_match ( "/^(.*)\/(.*)\//", $ParentLevel, $Matches );
I'm just having a really hard time piecing it together. Can anyone help me out?
A:
Figured it out:
function has_immediate_children($path) {
$path=sanitize($path);
$GetImmediateChildren=mysql_query("SELECT path FROM content WHERE parentpath='$path' ORDER BY path ASC");
if ( mysql_num_rows($GetImmediateChildren)>0) { return true; }
else { return false; }
}
function get_immediate_children($path) {
$path=sanitize($path);
$GetImmediateChildren=mysql_query("SELECT * FROM content WHERE parentpath='$path' ORDER BY path ASC");
while ( $ImmediateChildrenLoop = mysql_fetch_assoc($GetImmediateChildren) ) {
$ImmediateChildren[]=$ImmediateChildrenLoop;
}
return $ImmediateChildren;
}
function get_all_subpages($path) {
$path=sanitize($path);
$ImmediateChildren=get_immediate_children($path);
echo '<ul>';
foreach ($ImmediateChildren as $ImmediateChild) {
echo '<li><a href="'.$ImmediateChild[path].'">'.$ImmediateChild[title].'</a></li>';
if ( has_immediate_children($ImmediateChild[path]) ) {
get_all_subpages($ImmediateChild[path]);
}
}
echo '</ul>';
}
| {
"pile_set_name": "StackExchange"
} |
Q:
Manually Start Ubuntu One Daemon
I would like to be able to manually start and stop the Ubuntu One Daemon.
However, I need to know:
What is the name of the ubuntu one daemon ?
Can I use update-rc.d (ubuntu one daemon) disable & to manually start it?
Any help will be greatly appreciated.
Updated
Remove It From Auto Starting When System Boots . i did it with update-rc.d bluetooth disable
A:
Ubuntuone is autostarted from /etc/xdg/autostart/ubuntuone-launch.desktop not from upstart. gnome-session-properties OR StartUp Appication Preference on session-indicator doesnot let you enable/disable the autostart application in /etc/xdg/autostart as most of them contain NoDisplay=true. What you can do is either:
Comment the line NoDisplay=true as #NoDisplay=true and disable it from the above mentioned guis.
OR do:
mv /etc/xdg/autostart/ubuntuone-launch.desktop /etc/xdg/autostart/ubuntuone-launch.desktop.disabled
How do I add/remove the "hidden" startup applications?
| {
"pile_set_name": "StackExchange"
} |
Chaetopeltis
Chaetopeltis is a genus of green algae in the order Chaetopeltidales.
References
External links
Category:Chlorophyceae genera
Category:Chaetopeltidales | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
3). Is r not equal to 4/9?
True
Suppose -7*p = -11*p + 36. Which is smaller: p or 0?
0
Let y = 15 + -9. Let a(f) = f**3 - 7*f**2 + 6*f. Let s(p) = p**3 - 7*p**2 + 6*p - 1. Let o(h) = -4*a(h) + 3*s(h). Let b be o(y). Which is bigger: b or -0.1?
-0.1
Let d = 121 - 131. Let g = -15/7 + 52/21. Which is smaller: d or g?
d
Suppose 2*k + 14 = 2*g, 8*g - 3*k = 3*g + 31. Suppose -p + d - 10 = -6*p, 2*p + g*d - 27 = 0. Which is bigger: 3/4 or p?
p
Let w = -1.01 - 20.49. Let j = w + 21. Which is smaller: j or -0.1?
j
Let z = -1 + 1. Suppose 0 = -z*c + 2*c + 4. Let m = -3 + 1. Is c > m?
False
Let l = 4 - 0. Suppose 5*n + 1 = -l. Which is smaller: n or 0?
n
Let c(t) = -t**3 - 5*t**2 - 6*t - 5. Let k be c(-4). Let m be -6*((-6)/4)/3. Let a = k - m. Is a bigger than 3/5?
False
Let o be 2/(-3) - (-1 + 14). Let f = o + 199/15. Is 0.2 less than or equal to f?
False
Let v = 14 - 18. Which is bigger: -15/4 or v?
-15/4
Let s be (-6)/(-14)*(-21)/(-6). Let u = s - 1. Is u greater than or equal to 1?
False
Let l be (-64)/10 + 4/10. Let k be (2/l)/(7/(-42)). Is k at most 2?
True
Suppose 5*x = 33 + 87. Is x equal to 24?
True
Let r = 14 + -10. Let s = -3 + r. Let n = -11 + 67/6. Is s equal to n?
False
Let c be 3 + (-87)/27 + 8/18. Which is greater: 0 or c?
c
Suppose 12*m + 5 = 13*m. Does -3 = m?
False
Let y be 572/2100 + (46/(-14) - -3). Do 1 and y have different values?
True
Let s(n) = -n**3 + 2*n**2 + 3*n + 2. Let m be s(3). Let b(a) = -m + 4*a + 4 + 1. Let g be b(-2). Which is greater: -3 or g?
-3
Let t = 52 - 41. Which is smaller: t or 12?
t
Let j = -0.02 - 31.98. Which is bigger: j or 1/4?
1/4
Suppose 2*m - 4*v + 8 = 0, -3*m + 5*v = -0*m + 8. Suppose -m*d = 5*t - 44, -4*d + 14 = 3*t - 6. Let y = t - 81/7. Is 0 not equal to y?
True
Let o = -0.9 + 1. Let s = 3 + -3.1. Let d = s - -0.3. Which is bigger: d or o?
d
Let a = 109 + -78. Which is greater: a or 33?
33
Suppose -5*p - 318 = -2*w, -4*w - 196 = 3*p - 26. Is p <= -64?
False
Let g = -0.919 - 0.081. Let l = -2 - -3. Which is bigger: l or g?
l
Let j(p) = -p**2 - 5*p - 3. Let y be j(-4). Let n be 7/(-9) - 2/(-2). Which is smaller: n or y?
n
Let u = -17.2 + 16. Let b = u + 1. Suppose -q = -2*q - 1. Which is greater: q or b?
b
Let a be 4 + -11 + (-2 - (4 - 2)). Is -9 < a?
False
Let u be (-6)/66 - 0/(-2). Which is smaller: u or -1?
-1
Let s = 1.3 + -0.3. Let m = 3.02 - 3. Let a = 2.02 - m. Is s != a?
True
Let a be (2/8 + -1)*-4. Suppose -5*m + 2 = -a. Suppose m - 2 = u. Is -2/3 > u?
True
Suppose 0 = -15*o + 14*o - 1. Which is bigger: o or -2/85?
-2/85
Let t = 3.3 + 13.7. Is -2/3 != t?
True
Let c = 301/104 - 36/13. Let s(f) = f + 2. Let l be s(-2). Suppose 7*h - 6*h = l. Do c and h have the same value?
False
Let u = 147/13 + -10117/897. Which is bigger: -1 or u?
u
Let d = -1 - -1. Let g(j) = j**2 + 130. Let y be g(0). Let i be ((-4)/y)/(2/10). Which is bigger: d or i?
d
Let a = -31 + 31. Which is bigger: a or 1/17?
1/17
Let a be 1/(-4) - (-486)/(-24). Let k = a - -22. Are 1 and k non-equal?
True
Let s = 190 + -204. Which is smaller: s or -8?
s
Let o be (-16)/(-40) + (-21)/40. Are 0 and o non-equal?
True
Let v(o) = 3*o**3 - 3*o**2 + 3*o - 2. Let d(s) = 4*s**3 - 4*s**2 + 3*s - 2. Let q(z) = 4*d(z) - 5*v(z). Let m be q(2). Suppose m*x = -x. Are -3/4 and x equal?
False
Suppose 109 = -6*p - 11. Is p less than -19?
True
Let f(t) = t - 1. Let a be f(-3). Let j = 6 + a. Suppose j*h = -3*h. Is h greater than or equal to -2/15?
True
Suppose 132 = 5*s + 3*y, 2*s + 124 = 7*s + y. Is 24 at most as big as s?
True
Suppose 0 = -4*t - 1 + 25. Suppose -3*r = -4 - 14. Is t > r?
False
Suppose 4 = -13*o + 11*o. Suppose 0 = m + u + 4*u + 27, -2*m - 5*u = 34. Which is bigger: o or m?
o
Let n = 0 + 24. Which is greater: n or 1?
n
Suppose 2*z + 3*k = -6 - 7, -z - 8 = 2*k. Suppose 0 = 4*b + 4, 3*w - 2*b = -b - 5. Is z <= w?
True
Let i = 0.14 + -0.14. Does i = 20?
False
Let j = 110 + -314/3. Is 4 at least j?
False
Let q = -0.83 + 0.93. Let y = 3.1 - 3. Is q at least as big as y?
True
Let n be 2/13 - (-201)/(-39). Which is greater: -4 or n?
-4
Suppose v = 2*v. Let i = -1/257 - -269/3084. Which is smaller: i or v?
v
Let j be (-1)/(-10)*-2*1. Which is smaller: 4 or j?
j
Let y be -27 + 3 + 3 - -3. Let c be (27/y)/(-12 + 0). Let t = -2 + 3. Are t and c unequal?
True
Let m = 10 - 14. Is -5 at most as big as m?
True
Let z = -2 + 3. Let c = -14 - -10. Let o = c - -7. Which is bigger: o or z?
o
Let v(j) = j**3 + 2*j**2 - 2*j - 3. Let s be v(-2). Let m be (-1)/(-12)*(s + 1). Which is greater: 0 or m?
m
Let a = 6 + -6.1. Let m = -0.18 + 0.13. Do m and a have the same value?
False
Let l = -0.5 + -0.5. Which is greater: 3 or l?
3
Let k be 39/7 - (-2)/2. Let m = -110/21 + k. Let o(r) = r + 5. Let f be o(-4). Is f at most m?
True
Suppose -x + 4 = c - 1, -5*c + 25 = 3*x. Let t = -291/1403 - -10/61. Which is greater: t or x?
x
Suppose 0 = 25*u - 21*u - 8. Is u at least 2?
True
Let m(t) = t**3 - t - 4. Let h be m(0). Let g(l) = -l**3 - 2*l**2 - 3*l. Let b be g(-2). Let d = b + -9. Which is smaller: d or h?
h
Let x(u) = -u**2 + 14*u - 1. Let a be x(14). Let z = -171/301 + 6/43. Which is greater: a or z?
z
Let x be (-1)/3 + (-34)/(-66). Suppose 0 = -4*k - 3*p + 22, -22 = -7*k + 2*k - p. Suppose -i + 5 = k*i. Are i and x non-equal?
True
Let o(p) = 4*p + 5. Let m be o(-4). Is -10 <= m?
False
Let x(f) = f - 3. Let y be x(5). Suppose -y*d + 8 = -0. Suppose -v = -5*v - d. Is v > -2/7?
False
Let w = -3005/77 - -39. Which is greater: -1 or w?
w
Let b(u) = u**3 - 5*u**2 + u - 7. Let h(n) = n**2 + 6*n - 11. Let a be h(-8). Let i be b(a). Let r be 4/3*i/(-12). Is -1 at most as big as r?
True
Let u = 2.2 - 2.3. Is u at most as big as 28?
True
Let s(l) = 6*l - 2. Let p(g) = 7*g - 3. Let f(d) = -5*p(d) + 6*s(d). Let j be f(12). Let o be (-2)/(-15) + (-5)/j. Which is bigger: o or 1/3?
1/3
Let u = -71 - -72. Do 2/59 and u have different values?
True
Let b = 44/7 - 118/21. Do -16 and b have different values?
True
Let w = -0.3 + 3.3. Let r = -169 + 155.2. Let l = r - -14. Which is greater: l or w?
w
Let a = -66 - 26. Let j = a + 283/3. Is -1/4 equal to j?
False
Let z = -1 - -3. Suppose v + 3 - z = 0. Let d = 2/85 + 77/340. Is d smaller than v?
False
Let l = -8 + 13. Suppose -29 = -l*d - 9. Suppose -d*y - 7 = -19. Which is smaller: 2 or y?
2
Let z be -2 - (0 + -2 + -2). Suppose -3*g + 6 = -4*a, -2*a + 16 = -z*g - 6*a. Is g bigger than -2?
False
Let w(n) = n**3 - 7*n**2 + 3*n - 3. Let p be w(3). Let s be ((-2)/(-2))/((-2)/p). Suppose -2*m = 2*u + 2*m - 14, 0 = -3*u - 4*m + s. Which is smaller: u or 5/4?
u
Let w be -3 + ((-48)/(-33) - -1). Suppose -4 = 4*t - 0. Which is bigger: t or w?
w
Let q(p) = p**2 + 2*p - 2. Let a be q(1). Which is bigger: -2/33 or a?
a
Suppose 3 = -g + 10. Let i be ((0 - 2) + g)/1. Suppose 3*l = -0*l + 2*x - 1, 0 = -i*l + x - 11. Which is smaller: l or -2?
l
Suppose -2*c + 9 - 3 = 3*y, -3*c + 5*y + 28 = 0. Let m = 8 - c. Is m greater than or equal to 3/5?
True
Let t = -1528/3 + 518. Which is greater: t or 9?
9
Let g = -10 - -7. Do g and -7/2 have different values?
True
Suppose 0 = -5*y + 4*m + 5 - 41, -2*m = 4*y + 8. Let n be 10/(-45) - 88/9. Let d(k) = k**2 + 9*k - 12. Let g be d(n). Which is greater: g or y?
g
Let k(t) = t - 4. Suppose 0*a + 4 = a. Let v be k(a). Is 0 greater than or equal to v?
True
Let v be 108/(-328) + 1/2. Let z = -139/574 + v. Which is greater: z or 1?
1
Let c = 0 + 1. Suppose 5*q + 4*t = -c + 3, -2*q = 5*t + 6. Let l be (-1 - (-21)/(-27)) + q. Is l at least 1?
False
Let q = 45 + 9. Which is smaller: 56 or q?
q
Let n be 632/(-3234) + (-2 - (-48)/22). Which is smaller: n or 1?
n
Let u = -23 - -23. Suppose -s + u*s = 6. Let v(r) = -5*r**3 + 1. Let g be v(1). Which is bigger: s or g?
g
Suppose -12 = 3*z, z - 56 = -3*l + 3*z. Suppose 0 = 3*s + 3*q + 12, s + q - 4*q - l = 0. Is -2/19 at least as big as s?
False
Suppose 2 + 0 = -2*w. Let u = 7 + 0. Suppose 5*c = -u + 2. Is c >= w?
True
Let q be (40/6)/((-1)/3). Suppose -5*p + f = 74, 4*p + 0*p = 4*f - 56. Let z be q/p + 2/3. Is z bigger than 2?
False
Let h(p) = 2*p + 11. Let q be h(-8). Let t(z) = z**2 + 6*z + 7. Let u be t(q). Let a = 1 - u. Is a bigger than -3?
True
Let r = 5 + -2. Suppose -2 = r*k - k. Are 2/11 and k non-equal?
True
Let u = 12 - 14.5. Let t = -2.3 - u. Are -10 and t non | {
"pile_set_name": "DM Mathematics"
} |
Q:
Download a zip archive and extract one file from it
I wrote a function that downloads a file https://www.ohjelmointiputka.net/tiedostot/junar.zip if it not already downloaded, unzips it and returns the content of junar1.in found in this zip. I have PEP8 complaints about the length of lines that I would like to fix. Is there a way to make the code more readable?
My code :
import os.path
import urllib.request
import shutil
import zipfile
def download_and_return_content():
if not os.path.isfile('/tmp/junar.zip'):
url = 'https://www.ohjelmointiputka.net/tiedostot/junar.zip'
with urllib.request.urlopen(url) as response, open('junar.zip', 'wb') as out:
data = response.read() # a `bytes` object
out.write(data)
shutil.move('junar.zip','/tmp')
with zipfile.ZipFile('/tmp/junar.zip', 'r') as zip_ref:
zip_ref.extractall('/tmp/')
with open('/tmp/junar1.in') as f:
return f.read()
A:
Let's start refactoring/optimizations:
urllib should be replaced with requests library which is the de facto standard for making HTTP requests in Python and has reach and flexible interface.
instead of moving from intermediate location (shutil.move('junar.zip','/tmp')) we can just save the downloaded zip file to a destination path with open('/tmp/junar.zip', 'wb') as out
decompose the initial function into 2 separate routines: one for downloading zipfile from specified location/url and the other - for reading a specified (passed as an argument) zipfile's member/inner file
reading from zipfile.ZipFile.open directly to avoid intermediate extraction. Otherwise zipfile contents should be extracted at once, then - just reading a regular files being extracted (with adjusting the "reading" function)
From theory to practice:
import os.path
import requests
import zipfile
import warnings
def download_zipfile(url):
if not os.path.isfile('/tmp/junar.zip'):
with open('/tmp/junar.zip', 'wb') as out:
out.write(requests.get(url).content)
def read_zipfile_item(filename):
with zipfile.ZipFile('/tmp/junar.zip') as zip_file:
with zip_file.open(filename) as f:
return f.read().decode('utf8')
# Testing
url = 'https://www.ohjelmointiputka.net/tiedostot/junar.zip'
download_zipfile(url=url)
print(read_zipfile_item('junar1.in'))
The actual output (until the input url is accessible):
10
6
1
4
10
7
2
3
9
5
8
| {
"pile_set_name": "StackExchange"
} |
Hays Creek Mill
Hays Creek Mill, also known as McClung's Mill, Patterson's Mill, and Steele's Mill, is a historic grist mill located near Brownsburg, Rockbridge County, Virginia. It dates to about 1819, and is a 2 1/2-story, rectangular wood frame building on a limestone basement. The building measures 35 feet by 45 feet and retains an iron overshot wheel measuring 15 feet in diameter and 5 feet thick. Associated with the mill are the contributing miller's house, garage that once served as a corn crib, and cow barn. The Hayes Creek Mill remained in operation until 1957 in a number of capacities as a grist, saw, and fulling mill.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1995.
References
Category:Grinding mills on the National Register of Historic Places in Virginia
Category:Federal architecture in Virginia
Category:Industrial buildings completed in 1819
Category:Buildings and structures in Rockbridge County, Virginia
Category:National Register of Historic Places in Rockbridge County, Virginia
Category:Grinding mills in Virginia
Category:1819 establishments in Virginia | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
CB1-cannabinoid receptors are involved in the modulation of non-synaptic [3H]serotonin release from the rat hippocampus.
In the present study we investigated whether serotonin release in the hippocampus is subject to regulation via cannabinoid receptors. Both rat and mouse hippocampal slices were preincubated with [3H]serotonin ([3H]5-HT) and superfused with medium containing serotonin reuptake inhibitor citalopram hydrobromide (300 nM). The cannabinoid receptor agonist R(+)-[2,3-dihydro-5-methyl-3-[(morpholinyl)methyl]pyrrolo[1,2,3-de]-1,4-benzoxazinyl]-(1-naphthalenyl) methanone mesylate (WIN55,212-2, 1 microM) did not affect either the resting or the electrically evoked [3H]5-HT release. In the presence of the ionotropic glutamate receptor antagonists D(-)-2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid (AP-5, 50 microM) and 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione-disodium (CNQX, 10 microM) the evoked [3H]5-HT release was decreased significantly. Similar findings were obtained when CNQX (10 microM) was applied alone with WIN55,212-2. This effect was abolished by the selective cannabinoid receptor subtype 1 (CB1) antagonists N-(piperidin-1-yl)-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide (SR141716, 1 microM) and 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-(4-iodophenyl)-4-methyl-N-1-piperidinyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide trifluoroacetate salt (AM251, 1 microM). Similarly to that observed in rats, WIN55,212-2 (1 microM) decreased the evoked [3H]5-HT efflux in wild-type mice (CB1+/+). The inhibitory effect of WIN55,212-2 (1 microM) was completely absent in hippocampal slices derived from mice genetically deficient in CB1 cannabinoid receptors (CB1-/-). Relatively selective degeneration of fine serotonergic axons by the neurotoxin parachloramphetamine (PCA) reduced significantly the tritium uptake and the evoked [3H]5-HT release. In addition, PCA, eliminated the effect of WIN55,212-2 (1 microM) on the stimulation-evoked [3H]5-HT efflux. In contrast to the PCA-treated animals, WIN55,212-2 (1 microM) reduced the [3H]5-HT efflux in the saline-treated group. Our data suggest that a subpopulation of non-synaptic serotonergic afferents express CB1 receptors and activation of these CB1 receptors leads to a decrease in 5-HT release. | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
} |
Lavonne and I visited with Mom Sunday afternoon. We cooked outside and had
a great time. Mom said that she might want to fix noodle soup on Mothers
Day. That would be great. We can supplement with sausage or hamburgers on
the grill. What do you think. Mom's memory appears to be good about many
things, and then some things just don't seem to register. She seemed
confused about whether Bettye had been their for Easter. Is this normal,
what type of medication is the doctor having her take to combat the loss of
memory? Maybe we can all get together Mothers Day and visit. Email me back
please. | {
"pile_set_name": "Enron Emails"
} |
A Qualified Writer Can Send Essays Written for You
But the competition is extending right out to the 5 year terms at the moment and there does seem to be a more even spread than we have seen previously. Untuk trader yang baru masuk ke dalam bisnis forex maka forum diskusi dapat membantu untuk mendapatkan ide atau saran dari trader forex lainnya yang lebih berpengalaman. This trading tool identifies merchants selling items below market average and corresponding! The 3mm, JAGNotes, his economic team is not just promising to support more bank, Adams Golf Canada(fletcher Leisure Jake Golf Co Ltd Adams Golf Inc Adams Golf Inc Adams Golf Limited Adams Golf Ltd Adams Golf (usa) Adams Grain Co.
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Save the changes and open a page for which the module is activated. Sebaliknya, eztate menjelaskan prosedur pendaftaran dan juga bantuan yang berharga dalam fasa pelaburan. 95). Forex Market View for April 27, provided in each case, that you can test and find a living from forex simulator. 2 has to paid to LPs. Besides How to make money in options real estate, p, the contract must state the amount and delivery against each rate, a breakout of which could lead to a growth towards 1236, keep in mind that good solutions will have to be paid for?
Langkah kedua adalah melakukan analisa ke mana kira-kira grafik pair akan bergerak. The news will come as monet blow to those that have called for further quantitative easing in the UK, we will consider the monye market).
The Forecast tool allows you to easily tap a task and change a due date for example. Once a row is obtained with only two hashes, looked as it does today. The rate at which the two currencies will be exchanged is set today. Internation express, itu cukup menjalankan pabrik! | {
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
} |
Door switch repair kit for dishwasher , made by Whirlpool, includes: wiring assembly (harness), 2 short pins, and 2 switches. Used on many dishwasher brands including Whirlpool, Kenmore / Sears, KitchenAid, Roper, and others. The switches are only available in the kit. | {
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
} |
/* Presentation mode for SF HTML
*
* This file implements simple slide functionality for the SF HTML
* files. When loaded in a page, it will tag some of the page elements
* as slide boundaries, giving each an id of the form
* "#slide-XX". Pressing left or right should trigger "slide mode",
* focusing the screen on the current slide, and then navigate between
* slides. Pressing escape brings the page back to normal. */
/* Which DOM elements to mark as slide boundaries */
var slideSelector = 'h1.libtitle, h1.section, h2.section, h3.section, .quiz';
/* Whether or not we are in slide mode */
var slideMode = false;
/* Navigates between slides, using the current location hash to find
* the next slide to go to */
function slideNavigate(direction) {
function slideNumber(s) {
if (!s) return null;
var match = s.match(/slide-(.*)/);
if (match && match.length != 0) {
return parseInt(match[1]);
}
return null;
}
var curSlide = slideNumber(location.hash);
var lastSlide = slideNumber($('.slide').last().attr('id'));
var nextSlide;
/* We change the id of each slide element when the page loads, and
* then switch between slides based on the current hash. This is
* not entirely optimal, and can probably be made better.
* http://www.appelsiini.net/projects/viewport seems to be a nice choice.
*/
if (direction == 'left') {
if (curSlide != null) {
if (curSlide > 0) {
nextSlide = curSlide - 1;
} else {
nextSlide = lastSlide;
}
} else {
nextSlide = 0;
}
} else if (direction == 'right') {
if (curSlide != null && curSlide < lastSlide) {
nextSlide = curSlide + 1;
} else {
nextSlide = 0;
}
}
location.hash = '#slide-' + nextSlide;
return false;
};
/* Force the browser to scroll back to the hash location */
function refreshHash() {
var t = location.hash;
location.hash = '';
location.hash = t;
}
/* Activate slide mode. Inserts the right amount of spacing between
* slide boundaries, ensuring that only one slide appears on the
* screen at a time */
function slideActivate() {
$('.slide').each(function (i, elt) {
if (i > 0) $(elt).css('margin-top', $(window).height());
$(elt).css('height', '20px');
});
$('#main').css('padding-bottom', $(window).height());
slideMode = true;
if (location.hash) {
refreshHash();
} else {
location.hash = '#slide-0';
}
}
/* Deactivate slide mode. Removes the extra spacing between slides */
function slideDeactivate() {
$('.slide').each(function (i, elt) {
$(elt).css('margin-top', 0);
$(elt).css('height', 0);
});
$('#main').css('padding-bottom', 0);
refreshHash();
slideMode = false;
}
/* Set up appropriate input handlers */
$(document).keydown(function (event) {
if (slideMode) {
if (event.keyCode == 37) {
slideNavigate('left');
} else if (event.keyCode == 39) {
slideNavigate('right');
} else if (event.keyCode == 27) { // escape
slideDeactivate();
} else return true;
} else {
if (event.keyCode == 37 || event.keyCode == 39) {
slideActivate();
return false;
} else {
return true;
}
}
});
/* Find slide boundaries and tag them */
$(document).ready(function () {
$(slideSelector).each(function (i, elt) {
var mark = '<div class="slide" id="slide-' + i + '" />';
$(mark).insertBefore($(elt));
});
if (location.hash) {
slideActivate();
}
});
| {
"pile_set_name": "Github"
} |
Treatments for chronic diseases often require repeated and prolonged access to the vascular system to, for example, provide therapeutic agents thereto and/or remove fluids therefrom. However, complications are associated with most of the various methods for providing this access. | {
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
} |
β-Thalassemia trait association with autoimmune diseases: β-globin locus proximity to the immunity genes or role of hemorphins?
Thalassemia major continues to be a significant health problem for Mediterranean, Afro-Arabic countries, India and South Easth Asia. It was generally assumed that the β-thalassemia heterozygotes do not bear significant medical risks except a mild microcytic anemia. Nonetheless, increasing number of reports associate β-thalassemia trait with autoimmune conditions, nephritis, diabetes, arthritis, fibromyalgia and asthma. Available sparse data indicate reduced incidence of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in β-thalassemia heterozygotes; yet, if two conditions coexist, the SLE manifestations occur much severer. These associations make sense when considering that the hemoglobin β-chain locus at 11p15.5 resides in close proximity to eight genes with profound roles in immune regulation: STIM1, CD151, TC21/RRAS2, SIGIRR/TOLL/IL1R8, pp52/LSP1 (lymphocyte specific protein), TRIM21, toll interacting protein (TOLLIP) and SLEN3. β-Thalassemia trait accompaniment to autoimmune disease may be the result of haplotypal associations between the close proximity genes. An alternative explanation to thalassemia heterozygosity: autoimmune disease association may be the changed concentrations of hemorphins. Hemorphins are endogenous opioid peptides derived via proteolytical cleavage of hemoglobin. They are shown to bind diverse opioid receptors and act anti-inflammatory. Their reduced expression in thalassemia heterozygosity may explain a proinflammatory stage and autoimmunity vulnerability. | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
} |
[Renoenterocolic fistula].
We present a case of reno-entero-colic fistula which is extremely rare and which, in the face of unspecific clinical pictures requires a detailed examination. Its physiopathology, the surgical problems which it poses and the means of solving these, are explained. | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
} |
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"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
} |
Republican presidential candidate Ron Paul believes that poor Americans would "absolutely" be better off if the minimum wage were eliminated.
"Do you advocate getting rid of the minimum wage, would that create more jobs?" Politico's John Harris asked Paul during Wednesday's Republican presidential debate.
"Absolutely," Paul declared. "It would help the poor people who need jobs. Minimum wage is a mandate. We're against mandates so why should we have it? It would be very beneficial."
"Mandates, that what the whole society is about, what we do all the time. That's what government is about: mandate, mandate, mandate. We talk so much about the Obama mandate which is so important, but what about Medicare? Isn't that a mandate? Everything we do is mandate. So, this is why you have to look at this, the cause of liberty. We don't need the government running our lives." | {
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
} |
South Sudanese nationality law
The South Sudanese nationality law dates back to 7 July 2011, when South Sudan declared independence. It is based upon the Constitution of South Sudan.
Acquisition of South Sudanese citizenship
South Sudanese citizenship can be acquired in the following ways:
: By descent if at least one of the parents is a South Sudanese citizen.
: By birth in South Sudan (unless citizenship of another country has been acquired by descent), or a child found in South Sudan whose parents are unknown.
By naturalisation
South Sudanese nationality law was adopted immediately after the secession of South Sudan from Sudan and Article 8 states that:
"(1) A person born before or after this Act has entered into force shall be considered a South Sudanese National by birth if such person meets any of the following requirements—
(a) any Parents, grandparents or great-grandparents of such a person, on the male or female line, were born in South Sudan; or
(b) such person belongs to one of the indigenous ethnic communities of South Sudan.
(2) A person shall be considered a South Sudanese National by birth, if at the time of the coming into force of this Act—
(a) he or she has been domiciled in South Sudan since 1.1.1956; or
(b) if any of his or her parents or grandparents have been domiciled in South Sudan since 1.1.1956.
(3) A person born after the commencement of this Act, shall be a South Sudanese National by birth if his or her father or mother was a South Sudanese National by birth or naturalization at the time of the birth of such a person.
(4) A person who is or was first found in South Sudan as a deserted infant of unknown Parents shall, until the contrary is proved, be deemed to be a South Sudanese National by birth."
Dual citizenship
South Sudan allows its citizens and other countries citizens to hold foreign citizenship in addition to their South Sudanese or home citizenship. Some countries, however, do not permit multiple citizenship e.g. adults who acquired South Sudanese and Japanese citizenship by birth must declare, to the latter's Ministry of Justice, before turning 22, which citizenship they want to keep.
Travel freedom of South Sudanese citizens
Visa requirements for South Sudanese citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of South Sudan. As of 1 January 2017, South Sudanese citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 145 countries and territories, ranking the South Sudanese passport 96th in terms of travel freedom (tied with Ethiopian, Kosovan and Lebanese passports) according to the Henley visa restrictions index.
References
Category:Foreign relations of South Sudan
Category:Nationality law
Category:South Sudanese law | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
WE PLANT THE "SEEDS OF IDEAS" IN DOG OWNERS MINDS - THESE IDEAS EVENTUALLY
BLOSSOM INTO A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF DOG BEHAVIOUR - Sally Hopkins
WE PLANT THE "SEEDS OF IDEAS" IN DOG OWNERS MINDS - THESE IDEAS EVENTUALLY BLOSSOM INTO A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF DOG BEHAVIOUR - Sally Hopkins
TUNA TRACKING
WHAT IS TUNA TRACKING?
This is not an introduction to working trials type tracking. It is a scent Mind Game that pet dogs can have fun doing together with their handlers
by following strange but exciting scent trails (eg the scent from the juices of tinned fish) that have been laid either by their handler or a helper. The dog is attached to a long line on its
harness and then the handler and dog silently search and follow the trail until the dog finds the "jackpot" (eg. tiny flakes of either tuna,
salmon, sardines, or pilchards) that were left at the end of the trail.
Tuna Tracking helps handlers develop their dog's sense of smell, a sense that is often ignored. A dog of any age or breed will really enjoy
doing this nose work exercise as it fulfills their hunting and scavenging instincts. It leaves the dog mentally tired but satisfied from working
for a reward while not being over excited or stressed. Many handlers have commented that although they walk their dogs for long periods of time the
dogs never seems to tire, yet this type of exercise (ie mental stimulation) leaves their dog mentally and physically replete after "following" just one or two relatively short Tuna Tracks.
Obviously take into account the age of your dog when doing this Mind Game and do not expect too much from a young dog as they are only able to concentrate for a very short time (even 2 or 3
seconds can seem like minutes to a young puppy!). Also, some breeds of dog are purposely bred to have low levels of concentration - such as flushing
dogs like Springer Spaniels - as they must run and "quarter" the undergrowth to flush out any game that may be hiding, rather than follow a particular track or scent of one bird or animal.
WARNING Do not play this or any other type of "find the food" game in countries where poisoned food is routinely left to kill stray dogs. This is a very big problem in countries such as
Greece, where too many pet dogs die in terrible agony from eating baited food left either by the authorities or people who regard dogs as a nuisance and vermin.
WHAT DO I NEED?
A friend or family member who will help you lay the tracks. However, it is possible for a handler to do Tuna Tracking by themselves (see Dog Management below). This track layer will need to
carry -
Soggy/wet strong smelling food (eg. tuna, salmon, pilchards, or sardines etc - one or two types is sufficient) kept in separate airtight containers (eg. see Treat Boxes) so that the dog cannot detect the scent of the food as you travel to the venue.
One leg of an old pair of tights for each variety of food you will be using.
Small airtight box to put the tights leg in after laying the track. This stops the dog air scenting the smelly tights after the track has been
laid and the person who laid it accidentally stands upwind of the dog.
Rubber gloves or hand wipes to clean the hands of the person who is laying the track and squeezing the "tuna" in & out of the tights.
Between 2-6 easily visible poles/stakes (one with a strip of plastic cut out of a plastic carrier bag, to flutter in the wind so that you can see the wind's direction). These poles will be used
to mark the start and finish of each track that you lay in the session, enabling you not to lay one track too close to another.
The handler will need -
A cotton tracking line of approximately 20-30 feet (6-9 metres) to enable the handler to control the Game and prevent the dog just running around in a haphazard fashion. You can make your own
tracking line by using a cotton washing line, or a piece of cotton rope, for medium to large dogs; and thinner cord for smaller dogs. Tie a quick release clip from an old lead at one end, and make a
loop at the other end to use as a handle. Do not use synthetic type rope or line (eg. nylon) as it is likely to burn your hands as the dog pulls the line over your fingers.
Although the length of this line seems excessive and cumbersome there is a purpose for it -
- The length of line that is dragging along behind you and the dog indicates where you have just been walking.
- While the 10ft or so between you and your dog prevents you from going too close to the dog and accidentally polluting the air and ground as it assesses the scent in front of it.
A comfortable and well fitting harness to attach the clip on the tracking line. Please don't try to track with a line on a dog's collar (see
Why Dogs Pull on a Lead).
WHERE & WHEN CAN IT BE DONE?
Chose your Tuna Tracking venue carefully. Try to find a place where you and your dog will not be distracted by people or the sudden appearance of a loose dog joining in the tracking. For instance,
try and find an out-of-the-way spot where you usually walk your dog (local parks usually stipulate that all dogs must be kept on leads, which of course your dog will be as it will either be on its
lead or the tracking line), areas of the countryside open to the public, or a field that the farmer has given you permission to use, etc.
In the early stages of teaching your dog to follow a Tuna Track, PLEASEDO NOT LAY TRACKS -
In very long grass, through undergrowth, or through fallen leaves as the scent can be dispersed and lost in such rough and rugged terrain. Ankle high grass is ideal tracking terrain.
Over, beside, or along a footpath, as the scents of other dogs or humans may be too strong or distracting for your dog's nose.
In grassy areas that have just been mown. The scent from the recently cut grass is very strong and may overpower the scent of the "tuna".
On recently turned earth - once again the overpowering scent will make Tuna Tracking very difficult.
Across fields of stubble after crops have been harvested. Straw stalks that have been cut can be very sharp and hurt a dog's nose as it follows a track across a field of straw stubble.
When the wind is very strong or gusting. Be aware of the wind's direction (however light) by either looking at the strip of plastic on the pole, or tossing some blades of grass in the air to see
which direction they travel in the wind. Don't ask your dog to track in very windy weather at these early stages. If there is any wind at all, lay the first couple of tracks with the wind blowing
directly towards the track layer (and eventually the dog). Once the dog has learnt the concept of tracking you can make it more of a challenge by laying the track with the wind behind you so that the
dog cannot "air scent" the tuna but must follow the trail along the ground. Tracking with the
wind blowing across a trail is very difficult but can be mastered by a dog if it is very determined.
Some of the above can be introduced later on in your dog's training, when it is confident as has plenty of experience. But even then introduce each new challenge one at a time.
Don't give your dog a large meal before it has done the tracking. Dogs need to feel farily hungry in order to really appreciate the prize of the "treasure" when they eventually find it at the end
of a track.
Also do not take your dog for its normal walk before you do the tracking - your dog needs to be fresh and keen, not overexcited by too much exercise beforehand. The tracking will soon tire the dog
out mentally and physically from concentrating on the tracks and it will sleep for hours afterwards!
DOG MANAGEMENT
When you arrive at the venue where you want to lay a Tuna Track, do not be tempted to tie your dog up while you lay a track - the dog will become frustrated, overexcited and stressed having to watch you prepare and lay the track and will be unable to concentrate or do the Game properly when it is eventually allowed to do the
track.
We strongly recommend that you leave your dog in a safe place where it cannot see or smell what you are doing and can relax until you are ready to begin the track - ideally we recommend that you
leave your dog in its well ventilated car.
Alternatively, if there are two of you doing Tuna Tracking, get the helper to lay the track while the handler takes the dog in the opposite direction, out of sight and smell of where the track is
being laid. Bring the dog to the start of the track when the helper has finished laying the track and has walked in a wide curve away from the track (and downwind from it) back to the start.
LAYING THE TRACKClick here to print off diagrams (to be edited) of how to lay the first and second sessions of tuna tracking.
Squeezing the "wet" tuna to
the end of the leg of the tights
Dragging the tuna in the
tights along the ground
Emptying the tuna on the
ground at the end of the track
After choosing the most suitable area on which to lay the tracks, and having worked out which way the wind (if any) is blowing, the track layer stands facing into the wind and places the first
marker pole in the ground.
Standing beside this first marker pole, take a small handful of the wet and soggy tuna and place it inside the toe part of the leg of the tights.
Squeeze the tuna right to the end so that the juices begin to seep through the toe and fall on the ground beside the post. This strong "start" helps the dog to find the scent and then follow the
trail when it is brought to the pole to begin tracking.
Stand facing into the wind (or with the wind behind you when the dog is more experienced at Tuna Tracking) and pick out a specific tree, bush, fence post, or any other landmark which you can use
as a "focal point". You will use this focus point to walk towards while you lay the track so that you walk in a straight line into the wind, rather than veer off to one side and make the track more
difficult for the dog to follow.
Pick up the second marker pole (which will be used to mark the end of the Tuna Track) and drag the tights along the ground behind you as you walk towards the focus point.
Make sure that the toe of the tights is touching the ground all the time as you walk - do not allow it to "bunny hop" as this does not leave a continuous track for the dog to follow.
Keep focusing your attention on the "focus point" as you walk along laying the track.
Try to count and remember how many steps you are taking so that you have some idea of how long the track is going to be. Do not lay too long a track to begin with - 5 or 6 paces is quite
sufficient for a first track. The reason why we recommend that short tracks be used in the early stages of Tuna Tracking is that many dogs do not have the mental stamina to concentrate for long
periods of time when they start playing this Game. However, as the dog's enthusiasm and ability increases in subsequent training sessions the length of the tracks (and even 90 degree turns) can be
increased and added to develop the dog's powers of concentration.
When you have taken 5 or 6 paces empty the tuna from the leg of the tights on to the ground. Try to sprinkle the flakes in a 1-2ft (30-60cm) square area rather than leave a pile of it in one spot
- the dog will then enjoy searching the area for every last morsel of the tinned fish when it comes to the end of the Tuna Track.
Take one or two more paces after the end of the track and place the "finish" marker pole in the ground. We recommend that this marker pole should not be left close to or beside the tuna because
some dogs catch on to the fact that this pole is where the tuna will be left and run directly to the pole rather than use their noses to follow the scent trail - cheats!
Put the smelly tights in a sealed container - see "What do I Need" above.
Do not walk back down the Tuna Track that you have just laid. You will disturb the track and also pick up scent molecules on your footwear that will leave another, more confusing, track for your
dog. Instead, walk away from the finish marker pole at a 90 degree angle so that your scent does not accidentally blow across the Tuna Track. Make a real effort to do a wide curve until you are
standing well out of the way from where the dog is going to be tracking. On the second and subsequent track laying, make sure you walk over ground that had already been used rather than "pollute"
ground that you will soon be laying a track on.
It is possible to lay all the tracks for the training session (ie. two or three tracks) before getting the dog and actually tracking. However, be wary of the wind blowing the scent of track 2
& 3 onto track 1 & 2 and distracting the dog while it is working these tracks.
FOLLOWING THE TRACK
14. Once the track layer is well away from the tracking area the dog can be brought to the start pole and have its tracking line attached to the harness. Give your tracking signal/command (I say
"track" and point to the ground) and encourage it to sniff the ground where the tuna juices were left.
15. Be patient and do not hurry your dog! Just because you can see where the track has been laid (by looking at the marker poles) your dog does not understand what is expected of
it. Let it enjoy having a really good sniff at this unusual and exciting scent it has just found - after all it is concentrating and using its nose already so the tracking session is working even if
it doesn't find the "end" straight away.
16. Eventually your dog will discover that there is more of this exciting scent going in one direction (ie. the track that has been laid)
17. Allow the tracking line to run through your fingers as the dog begins to follow the track (ie. it is walking in line with the start and finish marker poles) and silently follow your dog,
feeding your way up the line to keep it taut yet without pulling against it. Let the line drag behind you so that you can either work your way up or down it without distracting the dog while it is
working. The dog should not feel you pulling on the tracking line, but you must not let the line become too slack either.
18. Do not talk or distract your dog (apart from praising it when it reaches the end of the track) - be patient and enjoy watching its body language as it concentrates on assessing the scents on
the ground or in the air. It is fascinating to watch and learn how a dog's body language changes as it focuses and concentrates on using its amazing sense of smell. Often the dog's muscles will
tighten, and their tail carriage and ear positions will change. Later on you may recognise these "concentration" signals when working your dog in other training situations and realise how hard your
dog is trying to work for you.
19. Because you have the two marker poles to indicate where the track is, you can tell when the dog is veering off to the right or left of the track. If this occurs, tighten your grip on the line
so that the dog cannot venture any further away from the track, stand perfectly still and silent and wait for the dog to wander back towards the track and pick up the track again. Then allow the line
to run freely again and continue to walk behind the dog, gradually taking in any slack in the line as you walk up it.
Veering to the left
Veering to the right
Veering back on track
20. Eventually your dog will come to the end of the track and begin to find the flakes of tuna on the ground and start to eat them. Only then can you calmly and quietly praise your dog for being so clever and finding such an exciting and tasty a reward. Remember this is the highlight of the exercise for the dog - don't be
in a hurry to call the dog away from the exciting "treasure". Let it take as long as it wants to double and triple check that every tiny molecule of tuna has been completely found and eaten - after
all the whole tracking session will only take a few minutes so allow the dog the opportunity to have as long as it needs at the end of the track.
"Cor! What's this!!"
The handler has just as much fun
as the dog when Tuna Tracking
21. Once the dog has lost interest in the end of the track you can walk away from the finish marker pole at 90 degrees, just as the track layer did. Do a large curve back to the beginning of the
first track and then walk towards the second track's marker pole and repeat steps 14 - 20.
22. If the dog is beginning to look tired and is losing concentration, do not ask it to do another track - take it back to the car to rest. If, however, after a third track the dog still looks
keen to do more, make a mental note of the fact and lay longer tracks the next time you do Tuna Tracking.
23. Once the dog has finished the tracking session take it back to the car and allow it to rest there, and also rest at home when you return. You will find that your dog will be mentally exhausted
from choosing to concentrate so hard and for so long, and it will fall into a healthy and very deep sleep. When it eventually wakes it will be calm and fulfilled from doing a "proper
day's work".
24. As the dog's levels of concentration and ability to track improves, lengthen the tracks. Experiment to see what happens when the wind is blowing from behind the dog rather than into its face
when Tuna Tracking. Also, you can experiment to try different locations, ground and weather conditions, and also introduce the dog to tracks that veer off at right angles etc. However, do not
overface the dog by asking too much or too soon. Allow the dog to enjoy this Game at whatever level it feels happiest with.
25. Play Tuna Tracking at most once a fortnight. Too much of a good thing can make dog and handler complacent.
SUMMARY
Only lay short tracks when starting to teach your dog to track. Dogs need practice to build up the amount of time that they can concentrate following a trail. Your first training session will give
you some idea of how long your dog can follow a trail. Begin at this level and gradually increase the length of the trail as your dog's concentration levels develop. Also be aware that most dogs
cannot cope with more than two or three tracks in a session.
Some breeds and ages of dogs have more ability to concentrate than others. Do not over stretch your dog so that it becomes disheartened or
stressed and no longer wants to go tracking with you in future. Watch your dog's body language and keenness and you will begin to develop more understanding of your dog's capabilities not only
for doing this tracking but when teaching or training it in the future. | {
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
} |
Mixing between a reference signal and a data signal is often necessary to extract information about an optical device or network. A probe signal and a reference signal originating from the same source typically mix or interfere, resulting in optical interference “fringes.” A positive fringe occurs when the light is in phase and constructively combines (interferes) to a greater intensity, and a negative fringe occurs when the light is 180 degrees out of phase and destructively combines (interferes) to cancel out the light. The fringe intensities can be detected and used to assess information about the device being probed. In interferometric sensing, a reference signal is mixed with a reflected probe signal whose phase and/or amplitude is modified by a parameter to be measured. The mixing produces an interference signal, and the amplitude of the interference signal depends on how efficiently the two optical signals mix.
Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometry (OFDR) may be used to provide data related to one or more optical characteristics (e.g., backscatter, dispersion, etc.) of a fiber or fiber optic device that is part of a fiber over relatively short fiber distances, e.g., less than several hundred meters, but with relatively high “spatial” resolutions, e.g., centimeters and less. High spatial resolution is valuable for many reasons. For example, it allows more precise location and/or determination of optical characteristic of “events” like fiber flaws, cracks, strains, temperature changes, etc. and devices like couplers, splitters, etc. High resolution also allows performing such operations with a level of precision that distinguishes between events or devices located close together. Without that high resolution, measurements for closely located events or devices cannot be made on an individual event or device level. For these and other reasons, it would be very desirable to apply OFDR to longer fibers in order to attain this high resolution along longer distances.
Unfortunately, there are two major unsolved obstacles to successfully applying OFDR to longer fibers. One is dynamic phase changes caused by time varying changes in the length of the fiber under test. One source of those time-varying changes is vibration. As a fiber vibrates, its length changes causing different time delays in the reflected light traversing those different fiber lengths. For OFDR to work well, the phase of the reflected light along the fiber should be static and not vary with time. If the time variance of the phase occurs slowly relative to the speed with which the interference pattern intensity data is acquired, then the phase changes are not a problem. But if the speed with which the interference pattern intensity data is detected/acquired is slower than the speed at which the phase changes, then the phase changes cannot be ignored.
The speed at which OFDR interference pattern intensity data is acquired is a function of how fast the tunable laser in the OFDR is “swept” over the frequency range of interest and the fiber length. There is a limit on how fast tunable lasers can be swept in terms of bandwidth, amplifier costs, increased power requirements, and processing speed. Regardless of laser sweep speeds, longer fibers require more time to acquire the measurement data, and there is much more of that data. That large amount of data is the second obstacle because there are practical constraints on how much data can be efficiently and cost effectively stored and processed.
To avoid these obstacles, the inventors discovered how to compensate for the time-varying phase caused by vibrations and any other cause so that laser sweep speed and data set size need not be increased. An optical device under test (DUT) is interferometrically measured. The DUT can include one or more of an optical fiber, an optical component, or an optical system. The DUT can be coupled to the measurement system (e.g., an OFDR) via optical fiber, via some other medium, or even via free space. First interference pattern data for the DUT is obtained for a first path to the DUT, and second interference pattern data is obtained for a second somewhat longer path to the DUT. Because of that longer length, the second interference pattern data is delayed in time from the first interference pattern data. A time varying component of the DUT interference pattern data is then identified from the first and second interference pattern data. The identified time varying component is used to modify the first or the second interference pattern data. One or more optical characteristics of the DUT is determined based on the modified interference pattern data. For example, if the DUT includes a fiber having a length greater than 500 meters, the modified interference pattern data may be used to determine one or more optical characteristics at any position along the fiber. Indeed, that position along the fiber may be determined with a resolution, for example, of one or two centimeters based on the modified interference pattern data.
The first and second interference pattern data each include static phase information and dynamic phase information. The time varying component includes the dynamic phase information. The first and second fringe interference pattern data is combined to substantially remove the static phase information. For example, the first or the second interference pattern data can be combined to remove the vibration-induced phase changes that adversely affect the interference pattern data obtained for the DUT.
A preferred, non-limiting, example is implemented as an Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometer (OFDR) to obtain the first interference pattern data and the second interference pattern data. Preferably, the first and second interference pattern data is compensated for non-linearity associated with a tunable laser used in the OFDR to obtain compensated first and second interference pattern data (compensated for the affect on the data due to non-linearities in the laser tuning). One example processing approach that can be used by the OFDR includes the following steps: transforming the first and second interference pattern data into the frequency domain, capturing a first window of frequency domain data for the first interference pattern data corresponding to a portion of the DUT under analysis, capturing a second window of frequency domain data for the second interference pattern data corresponding to the portion of the DUT under analysis, converting the first and second windows of frequency domain data into first and second corresponding phase data, and combining the first and second corresponding phase data.
Other aspects of this technology includes advantageous methods for processing interference pattern data generated by an interferometer. The interferometer provides a laser signal from a tunable laser along a given optical path having an associated path delay and to a reference optical path and combines light reflected from the given optical path and from the reference path, thereby generating the interference pattern data. (The given optical path may be, for example, associated with a device under test (DUT)). A first laser optical phase of the laser signal is estimated, and an expected complex response for the given optical path is calculated based on the estimated laser optical phase. The interference pattern data from the interferometer is multiplied by the expected complex response to generate a product. The product is filtered to extract interference pattern data associated with the given optical path from the interference pattern data generated by the interferometer.
In one non-limiting example implementation, calculating the expected complex response for the given optical path based on the estimated laser optical phase includes estimating a delayed version of the laser optical phase of the laser signal, determining a difference phase between the delayed version of the estimated laser optical phase and the estimated first laser optical phase, calculating the cosine of the difference phase to form the real part of the expected complex response, and calculating the sine of the difference phase to form the imaginary part of the expected complex response. This expected complex response is then multiplied by the interference pattern data. The real and imaginary parts of the resulting complex signals are low pass filtered and decimated to extract interference pattern data associated with the given optical path from the interference pattern data generated by the interferometer. Estimating the laser optical phase includes coupling a portion of the laser light to a second interferometer, converting an interference fringe or pattern signal from the second interferometer into a digital signal corresponding to the interference pattern data, the digital signal being a sampled form of the interference fringe signal, and estimating the laser phase based upon the digital signal.
A first derivative of the laser optical phase may be estimated based on the digital signal by Fourier transforming the digital signal, windowing the transformed signal to identify a portion of the transformed signal that corresponds to the given optical path delay, inverse Fourier transforming the windowed signal, and computing the phase of the signal. Equivalently, a second derivative of the laser optical phase may be estimated by identifying zero crossings of the digital signal and counting a number of samples between the zero crossings of the digital signal. Calculating an expected complex response for the given optical path based on the estimated laser optical phase may be accomplished by estimating a second derivative of the laser optical phase, calculating a running sum of the second derivative of the laser optical phase, where a length of the running sum is associated with a length of the given optical path delay, accumulating the running sum, calculating a sine of the accumulated sum to form the imaginary part of the expected complex response, and calculating a cosine of the accumulated sum to form the real part of the expected complex response. The real and imaginary parts of the expected complex response are low pass filtered and decimated to extract interference pattern data associated with the given optical path from the interference pattern data generated by the interferometer. | {
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
} |
Q:
jQuery clone with radio
I have trouble to $_POST radio and radio selection if i use jquery clone method.
Below code i have Gender selection. If user can click on add-more link clone gender and append to same form.
HTML
<form action="test.php" method="post">
<div id="one">
<input type="radio" name="gender" value="1" />Male<br />
<input type="radio" name="gender" value="2" />Female<br />
</div>
<div id="appendBefore"></div>
<a href="#" onclick="addMore();">Add More</a>
</form>
jQuery
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.2.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
function addMore(){
var copy_ = $("#one").clone();
copy_.insertBefore('#appendBefore');
}
</script>
PHP
print_r($_POST);
Q - 1. Radio not checked properly.
Q - 2. Radio not posted properly in php.
Thanks.
A:
The issue is here:
<input type="radio" name="gender" value="1" />Male<br />
<input type="radio" name="gender" value="2" />Female<br />
You can only check one radio with in a same group (having the same name). In your case when you clone and append the radio's, the new group is also having the same name, that's why you can only select one from all the radio's.
To resolve this, you have to make the radio's name different for each group. Maintain a counter like thing with the name and every thing will be fine.
Ex:
<p>
Block 1
</p>
<input type="radio" name="gender1" value="1" />Male<br />
<input type="radio" name="gender1" value="2" />Female<br />
<p>
Block 2
</p>
<input type="radio" name="gender2" value="1" />Male<br />
<input type="radio" name="gender2" value="2" />Female<br />
JSFiddle with proposed solution
| {
"pile_set_name": "StackExchange"
} |
Amazer Me
Excersire can only work if you are follwoing a proper diet according to your body needs. That is not easy thing for most of the people. To stay healthy, However, It requires you to work hard and stay focused on the end goal. One of the best way to st... moreExcersire can only work if you are follwoing a proper diet according to your body needs. That is not easy thing for most of the people. To stay healthy, However, It requires you to work hard and stay focused on the end goal. One of the best way to stay focused is to implement law of attraction in your life. It is a mental exercise that directly deals with the root of the problem and motivates you towards pushing yourself to follow a strict workout plan.
Personal Information
Contact Information
Personal Details
About Me
Amazer Me is an online platform, which provides various services such as guide to maintain a healthy mind using Law Of Attraction, performing effective meditation exercises, and many more life-changing guidance to help people so they can focus on their life goals.
Excersire can only work if you are follwoing a proper diet according to your body needs. That is not easy thing for most of the people. To stay healthy, However, It requires you to work hard and stay focused on the end goal. One of the best way to stay focused is to implement law of attraction in your life. It is a mental exercise that directly deals with the root of the problem and motivates you towards pushing yourself to follow a strict workout plan. | {
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
} |
Install with or without light; optional light fixtures available LK65, LK53, F330
Covered by Emerson's limited lifetime motor warranty; one year warranty on all other parts
Dimensions:
Height: 7"
Width: 42
Low Ceiling Adaptable: Yes
Product Weight: 11.2 lbs
Blade Specifications:
Blade Finish: Dark Wood, Light Wood, Medium Wood, White
Blades Included: Yes
Fan Blade Material: MDF
Reversible Blades: Yes
Number of Blades: 5
Blade Span: 42"
Blade Pitch: 11°
Motor Specifications:
Fan Control Type: Pull Chain
Speeds: 3
CFM (High): 3761 (cubic feet per minute)
RPM (High): 200 (revolutions per minute)
Reversible Motor: Yes
Motor Size: 153x10mm
For more than a century Emerson has been setting the standard for ceiling fan quality, reliability and performance. And today Emerson is about a lot more than tradition. Fan designs that combine form and function like never before. Fans that produce that "wow" response whenever you enter a room. Fans that express your personality, that reflect your lifestyle. Fans that help you get the most out of your heating and cooling dollars. Meticulously engineered, hand crafted and built to last. Because today it's about more than just moving air. It's about moving air in style™. Emerson is committed to you to provide the best styles and the highest industry quality in ceiling fans and accessories.
Compare Our Prices
Manufacturer Resources
Product Videos
Do It Yourself: Replacing or Installing a Ceiling Fan
Brent Holland shows you step by step how to install or replace your existing ceiling fan
Installation Resource Center
Whether you are installing the product yourself or hiring a professional, our installation Resource Center has everything you need to get your project done. Visit the Installation Resource Center to get started.
Please enable JavaScript in your browser to experience all the custom features of our site, including the ability to make a purchase.
×Shipping Rates & Methods
The cost to ship items varies by item, shipment and shipping option.
Free Ground Shipping on Orders Over $49 *
Standard ground shipping transit time is 5-7 business days.
Free Freight Shipping on Orders Over $1500 *
Curb side delivery (also called freight or "LTL" shipping) is reserved for large, heavy, or oversized items like chandeliers, bathtubs, shower doors, etc. Items are palletized and loaded onto a large truck for shipment, and delivered to your curb by scheduled appointment. Transit time is 7-10 business days.
* For exact shipping costs, add the product(s) to your cart and enter your zip code. All offers pertain to the lower 48 states and do not include deliveries to Alaska, Hawaii or Canada. | {
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
} |
Absence of serum prostate-specific antigen and loss of tissue immunoreactive prostatic markers in advanced prostatic adenocarcinoma after hormonal therapy: a report of two cases.
We report two cases of advanced prostatic adenocarcinoma (PA) showing complete loss of three tissue immunoreactive prostatic markers, ie, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP), and Leu-7 (CD57), with absence of elevated serum PSA level, despite tumor progression after hormonal therapy with or without radiotherapy. The pretreatment serum PAP in the first case and serum PAP and PSA in the second case were elevated. In both cases, the prostatic adenocarcinoma in the initial transurethral resection specimens showed positive immunoreactivity with three prostatic markers. After treatment, in both cases, the serum PSA were undetectable, and tumor cell immunostaining for three prostatic markers was negative. In addition, the posttreatment tumors in both cases showed increased number of tumor cells with neuroendocrine differentiation in comparison those in the pretreatment tumors. Although early PA without elevated serum level of PSA is common, advanced PA with absence of elevated serum PSA, associated with presence of tissue immunoreactive prostatic markers are rare. This is the first report of advanced prostatic adenocarcinomas showing loss of tumor cell prostate-specific markers with absence of elevated serum PSA level after hormonal therapy despite tumor progression. | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
} |
Q:
Angular2 Testing: Service returning function instead of object array
I want to write some tests for my service written in Angular 2.1.0:
@Injectable()
export class MyService {
api_base_url = 'http://' + environment.apiHost + ':5000/api/';
constructor(private http: Http) {
}
getMyObjs(query): Observable<MyObj[]> {
let params = new URLSearchParams();
if (query != null && query.length > 0)
params.set('q', query);
return this.http.get(this.api_base_url + 'entries/' + pipelineId, {search: params})
.map(this.extractData)
.catch(this.handleError);
}
private extractData(res: Response) {
let body = res.json();
return body.entries || {};
}
private handleError(error: any) {
// In a real world app, we might use a remote logging infrastructure
// We'd also dig deeper into the error to get a better message
let errMsg = (error.message) ? error.message :
error.status ? `${error.status} - ${error.statusText}` : 'Server error';
console.error(errMsg); // log to console instead
return Observable.throw(errMsg);
}
}
And here is the test so far:
describe('Service: Entry', () => {
beforeEach(async(() => {
TestBed.configureTestingModule({
providers: [
BaseRequestOptions,
MockBackend,
MyService,
{
provide: Http,
useFactory: (backend: MockBackend, options: BaseRequestOptions) => {
return new Http(backend, options);
},
deps: [MockBackend, BaseRequestOptions]
}
]
});
}));
it('should return myobjs', inject([MockBackend, MyService], (backend: MockBackend, service: MyService) => {
const my_body = JSON.stringify([
{
"timestamp": "2016.01.01T12:55:00Z",
"level": 0,
}
]);
const baseResponse = new Response(new ResponseOptions({body: my_body, status: 200}))
backend.connections.subscribe((connection: MockConnection) => {
return connection.mockRespond(baseResponse);
});
service.getMyObjs(null).subscribe((obs: MyObj[]) => {
console.log(obs);
expect(obs.length).toBe(1);
});
}));
});
This test fails saying Expected 0 to be 1.. The console.log shows LOG: function obs() { ... }. I do not undestand why this is a function and not an array of objects.
I'm runnign the tests with ng test command.
A:
In the mocked HTTP response you return object structure that is different from what extractData() is expecting. I suppose it should look like this:
// ... stuff ...
it('should return myobjs', ...) => {
const my_body = JSON.stringify({
entries: [{
"timestamp": "2016.01.01T12:55:00Z",
"level": 0,
}]
});
| {
"pile_set_name": "StackExchange"
} |
255 F.2d 929
Frank CASTILLO, Jr., et al.v.Honorable Carl A. HATCH, United States District Judge for the District of New Mexico.
No. 5869.
United States Court of Appeals Tenth Circuit.
May 14, 1958.
On application for leave to file petition for writ of mandamus.
Joseph L. Smith, Henry A. Kiker, Jr., and Patricio S. Sanchez, Albuquerque, N. M., for petitioners.
John D. Robb, Albuquerque, N. M., for respondent.
Before BRATTON, Chief Judge, and PHILLIPS and BREITENSTEIN, Circuit Judges.
PER CURIAM.
1
Leave to file petition for writ of mandamus denied.
| {
"pile_set_name": "FreeLaw"
} |
Q:
AngularJS select change trigger
I am trying to do a script that will copy the value of one select tag model to another and then trigger its ng-change function using a checkbox. What happens is when you click the checkbox, it does copy the value but the trigger does not work anymore. Seems like there is a conflict between setting a model's value and doing the trigger because either one of them fails.
Here is my code:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html ng-app="myApp">
<head>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="http://netdna.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.1.1/css/bootstrap.min.css">
<script src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/angularjs/1.4.9/angular.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.2.2/jquery.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body ng-controller="myCtrl">
<select ng-model="first.selection" id="first" ng-change="changeOver('dean')">
<option value="1">One</option>
<option value="2">Two</option>
<option value="3">Three</option>
</select> <br />
<input type="checkbox" ng-model="same" id="same" ng-change="sameAsAbove(first, second)"> Same as above <br />
<select ng-model="second.selection" id="second" ng-change="changeOver('armada')">
<option value="1">One</option>
<option value="2">Two</option>
<option value="3">Three</option>
</select>
<!-- <span id="clickMe">Click Me!</span> -->
<script type="text/javascript">
app = angular.module('myApp', []);
app.controller('myCtrl', function($scope, $timeout){
$scope.first = {};
$scope.second = {};
$scope.sameAsAbove = function(primary, receiver){
receiver['selection'] = primary['selection'];
$timeout(function() {
angular.element(document.getElementById('second')).triggerHandler('change');
}, 100);
};
$scope.changeOver = function(value){
alert(value);
}
});
$("#clickMe").click(function(){
// alert("czxvzx");
// $("#same").trigger("click");
$("#changes").change();
});
</script>
</body>
</html>
Here is the plunkr url: http://plnkr.co/edit/zErS4DaTgR79SBLbtGOy?p=preview
A:
In DOM body you should change this line like this.
<select ng-model="second.selection" id="second" ng-change="same=second.selection">
and use watch to change the checkbox value
$scope.$watch("same", function(newValue, oldValue){
$scope.changeOver('armada');
//or do anything
});
plunker demo link
| {
"pile_set_name": "StackExchange"
} |
Q:
Golang: Issues replacing newlines in a string from a text file
I've been trying to have a File be read, which will then put the read material into a string. Then the string will get split by line into multiple strings:
absPath, _ := filepath.Abs("../Go/input.txt")
data, err := ioutil.ReadFile(absPath)
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
input := string(data)
The input.txt is read as:
a
strong little bird
with a very
big heart
went
to school one day and
forgot his food at
home
However,
re = regexp.MustCompile("\\n")
input = re.ReplaceAllString(input, " ")
turns the text into a mangled mess of:
homeot his food atand
I'm not sure how replacing newlines can mess up so badly to the point where the text inverts itself
A:
I guess that you are running the code using Windows. Observe that if you print out the length of the resulting string, it will show something over 100 characters. The reason is that Windows uses not only newlines (\n) but also carriage returns (\r) - so a newline in Windows is actually \r\n, not \n. To properly filter them out of your string, use:
re = regexp.MustCompile(`\r?\n`)
input = re.ReplaceAllString(input, " ")
The backticks will make sure that you don't need to quote the backslashes in the regular expression. I used the question mark for the carriage return to make sure that your code works on other platforms as well.
A:
I do not think that you need to use regex for such an easy task. This can be achieved with just
absPath, _ := filepath.Abs("../Go/input.txt")
data, _ := ioutil.ReadFile(absPath)
input := string(data)
strings.Replace(input, "\n","",-1)
example of removing \n
| {
"pile_set_name": "StackExchange"
} |
You know all that talk about GPUs being the new CPUs ? Well it's not just a lot of hot, ventilated air. Thanks in large part to the launch of development kits like nVidia's CUDA , Russian outfit Elcomsoft has just filed for a US patent which leverages GPUs to crack passwords. Their approach harnesses the massively parallel processing capabilities of modern graphics cards to make minced-meat of corporate-strength password protection. An NTLM-hashed Microsoft Vista password, for example, can now be cracked in 3 to 5 days (instead of two months) using a simple, off-the-shelf, $150 graphics card -- less complicated passwords can take just minutes. Dial the GPU up to an $800 GeForce 8800 Ultra and Elcomsoft's approach will crack passwords at a rate some 25 times faster than existing CPU-only approaches. Yippee?[Via NewScientist , thanks Sultan]
Read [warning: PDF] | {
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
} |
Hard yards begin paying off for Myles Brown
Myles Brown trained really hard last year. He was eyeing individual medals in the swimming pool at both the Commonwealth Games in Glasgow and the Fina short-course world championships (a 25m event) that took place in Doha, Qatar, in December.
When neither materialised, he was really disappointed – so much so that he decided to take a break from swimming.
“The pressure and expectations [from within myself] got the better of me,” he tells me at a coffee shop in Westville, Durban. “I didn’t achieve what I wanted to do and it was quite a big disappointment for me. Straight after Doha, I took one and a half months off swimming.”
Brown spent that month surfing, playing golf and doing a lot of thinking. “A break is obviously not advisable for a swimmer, but for me it was necessary – to figure out why I was doing what I was doing and to regain my love and passion for the sport.”
The break seems to have paid off for the 22-year-old, if his performances at April’s South African National Aquatic Championships in Durban are anything to go by.
Brown dominated the freestyle events at the King’s Park swimming pool, speeding to gold in the 100m, 200m, 400m and 800m freestyle races. On the first day of the championships, he set a new South African 400m freestyle mark of 3:46.08, breaking a record set by Ryk Neethling in 1999. Four days later, Brown broke the South African 800m freestyle record set by Troyden Prinsloo in 2009.
Beating Chad le Clos
In between he caused an upset, beating Olympic gold medallist Chad le Clos in the 200m freestyle final. How did that make him feel? “He’s a great racer; he’s one of the best swimmers in the world. It’s kind of special to have someone like that in the swimming pool that you can race and train with,” said Brown. He and Le Clos are coached by Graham Hill.
“To beat him was great; it’s a step in the right direction. Racing can go anywhere – you never know what’s going to happen on the day. Fortunately this time I got the better of him, but who knows? On the day it can go either way.”
Brown’s times in the 200m, 400m and 800m saw him qualifying for the Fina world long-course championships – which will be held in Kazan, Russia, later this year – in all three events.
When I point out that although he doesn’t have a Wikipedia page dedicated to him (yet), his name frequently featured on newspaper street posters around Durban during the championships, he grins broadly. “It’s been a nice response after the SA champs,” he says. “I’m still fairly new to the international scene. I only started making the senior teams in 2012.
“I wouldn’t say I’m one of the big names in SA swimming, but hopefully in the new year I can be one of them, along with Chad le Clos and Cameron van der Burgh.”
Brown seems to be a modest person. Although he says he wasn’t an especially good swimmer at primary school level, he was offered a swimming scholarship at Westville Boys’ High School – widely believed to be Durban’s premier training ground for schoolboy swimmers.
However, his parents wanted him to give equal attention to his academic performance, so he chose to accept a scholarship at Kearsney College, a private school situated midway between Durban and Pietermaritzburg.
Gap year
“I would get up at 4:30am and go for training, then go to school till 2:30pm, then head off to afternoon training,” he recalls. “By the time you came home it would be 6pm – but from a young age, my parents instilled in me some core values like determination and always putting in 100%.”
The perseverance paid off and he matriculated with six distinctions before registering for a BCom degree in 2011. At the end of the year, he and his parents decided it was time for him to take a gap year so that he could focus on getting to London for the 2012 Olympics.
But it was not to be – Brown didn’t qualify for London; something he considers a blessing in disguise. “I don’t think I was mentally ready. I was very new to swimming on an international stage. I didn’t focus on the negatives. I stayed at home and watched the Olympics, and we had a very good swimming team.
“That was one of the turning points in my swimming career. After that, I really picked up my effort and ended up qualifying for my first world short-course event in Turkey.”
In 2008, as a 16-year-old, Brown had watched his hero Michael Phelps reign supreme in the pool at the Beijing Olympics. “It was truly inspirational to watch him,” he says. “I’ve always wanted to go to the Olympics and compete. I think it’s a great honour, and the pinnacle of a sportsman’s career.”
Could Rio 2016 be the realisation of a long-held dream? He smiles. “It’s been a goal. I won’t say I get up every day and think of it, but I just want to try to have a really good year this year, and carry that momentum on to the Olympics next year.” | {
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
} |
Cystic hygroma of the neck: association with a growing venous aneurysm.
Venous anomalies are rarely seen with cystic hygromas. We describe an unusual case of cystic hygroma of the neck associated with a saccular venous aneurysm that was increasing in size. A multi-modality examination of the neck-including CT, Doppler sonography, and MR imaging-revealed multiloculated cystic lesions bilaterally with predominance on the left side. A saccular venous aneurysm was noted within one of the sacs. Comparison with previous CT images showed that the aneurysm enlarged from 0.8 x 0.5 x 1.5 cm to 3.0 x 1.3 x 2.1 cm over 2 years. Identification of these malformations before surgery is critical. | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
} |
# The MIT License
#
# Copyright (c) 2004-2010, Sun Microsystems, Inc.
#
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
# in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
# to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
# copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
#
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
# all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
#
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
# OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
# THE SOFTWARE.
Description=Opis
| {
"pile_set_name": "Github"
} |
Q:
Should I provide login functionality in mobile version?
I am working on a mobile version of the new website for my company, if users visit my website on a mobile device/tablet, they will be asked whether the visitor wants to go to the mobile version or the normal version.
But on the normal version I have login functionality, so users can visit their data and so on. Should I "translate" that functionality to mobile as well? Do visitors login a lot on mobile devices, or is it a waste of time?
A:
The simple answer would be "yes, do it". But I think this is not an easy choice to make if you're asking that here.
So I think it depends a lot of the kind of service you are providing. For example, the facebook's app would be useless without login feature while I don't really mind if I can't connect to my smashing magazine account on mobile.
You should take a look at the website's stats. What are the most visited pages ? Without login in, are the users going to miss the main features ?
| {
"pile_set_name": "StackExchange"
} |
Navigation
Win 8 Help / VS 11 Help
posted Oct 22, 2011, 7:07 AM by Robert Chandler
The new Visual Studio 11 help "Help Viewer 2.0" runtime will be used for Windows 8 F1 help. This is good news for those of us who have been waiting for an open Unicode help system. Currently no release dates available on either product. For more information read these blogs... | {
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
} |
February 24, 2018
It was the simplicity of a haiku, the elegance of a sonnet and the complexity of free verse at once. And like any brilliant piece of art, KeVaughn Allen's half-court heave moved those who experienced it beyond words. But instead of staying silent, they screamed.
And screamed and screamed and screamed.
Long after the Gators had left the court for halftime, they were still screaming about Allen's lucky break. About how, off an inbound pass from Chris Chiozza with under three seconds left to the break, he toed the boundary of the court, beat one defender and, like John Wayne drawing his pistol from his belt, heaved the ball from his hip.
"It looked like it was going wide left," Allen said, "but then, at the last second, it curved right."
The ball landed about 75 feet away and splashed into the net like a missile from nowhere, nearly blowing up the O'Connell Center in the process. But as thrilling as the moment was, Florida is used to that sort of purple prose to start games. It's also used to tragedy to finish them. On Saturday, though, there was no hubris and heartbreak. Only electricity and elation.
Led by Allen, who aside from his buzzer beater scored a game-leading 24 points, the Gators (18-11, 9-7 Southeastern Conference) snatched a 72-66 win from feisty No. 12 Auburn (24-5, 12-4 SEC) in a game that, staying on the theme of literature, climaxed in the final moments. And for the first time in three games, the climax went in Florida’s favor.
“We needed that one, didn’t we?” coach Mike White said.
Allen didn't start off like a man poised to make the shot of his life. He was 0-for-5 before his first bucket, but from there, he made five more shots in a row and finished 8-for-15.
He had help from Jalen Hudson, who added 19 points, and Dontay Bassett, who made his first start and contributed a career-high 12 points, six rebounds and a team-high two steals. White credited Bassett's performance to his team-first mentality, which is also how Bassett explained his emergence.
“We needed this win,” he said.
The Gators struggled to close games during the three-game losing streak they carried into Saturday. Each loss was by five points or fewer. Which is why, when a timeout was called with 15:38 left in the game, someone piped up in the huddle and urged the team to not let the game slip away.
“Guys,” White interrupted, “do not look at the clock. This is not about holding on.”
He wanted Florida to stay aggressive, and the Gators did. But Auburn still pushed, and with 3:55 to play, the Tigers claimed their first lead.
The game became a western shootout from there. The lead changed six times in those final minutes, with Allen contributing back-to-back threes to keep UF afloat. Then, with 50 seconds left, the unthinkable.
Florida center Kevarrius Hayes hustled around a defender and swiped a loose ball from the abyss, passing it toward a teammate with a two-point lead. The referees said he stepped out.
Replays showed that Hayes didn’t appear to step out, but the call stood anyway. Auburn tied the game on the ensuing possession, and the arena turned from an atmosphere of tension to one of rage.
That was quickly reversed by an and-one from Hudson, which gave the Gators their final lead and sent fans into a flailing noodle-arm frenzy.
“I felt like they were out there on the court with us,” Chiozza said of the especially energetic crowd.
White said he wants his team to enjoy the win. To use it as motivation with two regular-season contests left. But he also doesn’t want his players to dwell. He admits they haven’t handled winning well this season.
“I hope it makes us feel good for about an hour,” White said. “We play in Tuscaloosa on Tuesday night.”
February 23, 2018
GAINESVILLE — The evening built to a crescendo with Kennedy Baker's floor routine as the climax. The senior was the anchor for the Gators not just on the event, but for the meet. With Florida still in range of its highest score of 2018, she made her first pass without issue. Then her foot hit the mat at the end of her next pass.
Snap.
And her body followed, as did a silence that roared through the arena, turning it from a party to a funeral in a way that only a serious injury can.
The music stopped immediately, and trainers rushed toward Baker. Her screams could be heard from press row. She couldn't stand, so they carried her to the locker room, her face wet, her teammates in shock.
The meet was already over at that point — even without Baker's score, the No. 5 Gators dominated the visiting No. 11 Arkansas Razorbacks 197.625-196.875. But fans left in near silence after her fall, not knowing if Baker will ever compete again.
"I think it's a little too early to tell," coach Jenny Rowland said of Baker's injury. Baker is one of only two current UF gymnasts to have scored a perfect 10.
Baker's fall was the story of the night, but to that point, the Gators had displayed some elite gymnastics.
Florida notched its highest score of the season on the meet's first event, vault, at 49.525. Seniors Rachel Slocum and McMurtry led the Gators through the event, posting 9.95s.
That set the tone for the night, as the Gators didn't lose any event aside from the one where Baker fell.
McMurtry and sophomore Rachel Gowey shared the beam title (9.95) as well as the bars title (9.925). Alicia Boren won the floor with a 9.95, as well as the all around with a 39.525.
"Overall, this team did a fantastic job," Rowland said. She added that Baker was Friday's Gator of the day in her opening remarks following the meet.
"She has their back," Rowland added, "and they have her back."
The meet took place in a pinked-out O'Connell Center, from the cloths on the judges' tables to the fans in the stands to the gymnasts, who wore pink leotards to raise awareness for breast cancer. The theme was especially meaningful for Boren, whose aunt Kathy is a survivor of the disease and was in attendance.
"I was happy that she was here," Boren said. "More than happy — I was ecstatic.”
Florida was cruising toward a season-best score until the floor routines, when freshman Alyssa Baumann stepped out of bounds at the end of a tumbling pass and McMurtry stumbled at the end of a pass as well. Their scores of 9.725 and 9.65, respectively, were Florida's two worst scores of the night.
Then Baker came on, and you know the rest. So while Florida improved to 7-1 on the season, Friday’s meet provided more questions — rather one big, all-important question — than answers.
February 16, 2018
GAINESVILLE — Alex Faedo — Florida's 2017 ace, College World Series MVP and first-round MLB Draft pick — was back on the McKethan Stadium mound on Friday. Although he never actually made it to the rubber.
The flame-throwing righthander instead wore jeans and a 2017 title T-Shirt as he threw out the ceremonial first pitch for Florida's season-opening game against Siena. In a symbolic moment, Brady Singer trotted out of the dugout moments later to take Faedo's Friday night spot on that mound and usher in a new season of Florida baseball.
"He gave me a high five and told me good luck," Singer said of Faedo. He also noted that they rarely talked to each other before starts. Neither wanted to break the other's concentration.
Clearly the high five and pair of words didn't have any negative effect on Singer, as he dominated Siena in seven innings. The junior righthander struck out eight, walked one and allowed no earned runs in Florida's 7-1 opening-night win.
And perhaps most impressively, Singer offered 24 first-pitch strikes to the 24 hitters he faced.
"That's the one thing I wanted to do," Singer said, "was go out there and throw strikes."
Coach Kevin O'Sullivan noted that with first-game jitters and his first Friday night start, the game could be one of Singer's most difficult of the season. He compared him to Faedo, who in last year's season opener against William and Mary allowed four earned runs in four and 2/3 innings.
Singer, obviously, didn't have similar issues.
"He was sharp," O'Sullivan said.
Freshman lefty Jordan Butler completed the two-hitter for Florida, tossing two scoreless innings with four strikeouts to end the game.
"You could just see the competitive spirit he has," O'Sullivan said of Butler, who will also hit this season.
Four Florida players — Nelson Maldonado, JJ Schwarz, Blake Reese and Nick Horvath — had two hits on the night, while five players notched RBIs. Among them were newcomers Brady McConnell and Wil Dalton.
McConnell had a rough go in his first college game, striking out on his first three at-bats. He also committed a costly error that gave Siena its only run of the game.
But after a hug from Singer following the error and a talk with O'Sullivan following the string of strikeouts, he smashed a home run to give the Gators their final two runs of the game.
"I knew it was gone," he said of his arching rainbow shot. Junior third baseman Jonathan India also hit a home run — a solo shot in the fourth inning — that cleared the left-field bleachers and gave the Gators their first run of 2018.
As for Dalton, he roped a ball to left field on his third at-bat of the game to claim his first hit and RBI at UF. The sophomore transferred from junior college and started in right field.
"I started to relax toward the end of the game and simplify things," he said.
The Gators continue their three-game weekend homestand against Siena on Saturday afternoon at 4, with Singer's roommate Jackson Kowar scheduled to start for Florida. O'Sullivan tried to temper expectations for that game and the rest of the season, though he did so with a smile.
January 23, 2018
GAINESVILLE — The headliner is Jordan Scarlett, the running back who was supposed to lead Florida's backfield in 2017 before he was suspended ahead of the team's season opener and never returned. He, along with eight teammates, were accused of credit card fraud. Scarlett and three of those teammates were cleared to rejoin the team on Tuesday, ending a monthslong hiatus for the quartet.
Linebackers Ventrell Miller and James Houston along with receiver Rick Wells were also cleared to return, but again, Scarlett is the most consequential of the group. The St. Thomas Aquinas alumnus rushed for a team-best 907 yards and six touchdowns in 2016.
Newcomers Malik Davis and Adarius Lemons stepped up in Scarlett's absence and will push him for playing time alongside rising junior Lamical Perine, who led the Gators with 588 rushing yards and eight rushing touchdowns in 2017.
Incoming recruits Iverson Clement and Dameon Pierce could also factor into Florida's backfield. But assuming Scarlett has stayed in shape during his time away from the team, he should be the favorite to start come UF's season opener against Charleston Southern on Sept. 1 after all the unfulfilled hype he carried into the season that never was.
Wells, a rising redshirt sophomore wideout, has never caught a pass in college. And both Miller and Houston were true freshmen a season ago, so neither one of them has played a college snap either. Both of them could, however, play an important role in the upcoming season by bolstering Florida's depth at linebacker — a position group that underperformed in 2017 and needs capable bodies behind starters Vosean Joseph and David Reese.
The four reinstated players were part of a group of seven who signed agreements with the State Attorney's Office to avoid felony charges for their alleged credit card fraud if they follow the agreements.
As for the remaining suspended players, four of them have left the school. Defensive end Jordan Smith, defensive lineman Richerd Desir-Jones and offensive lineman Kadeem Telfort have all opted to transfer elsewhere. Desir-Jones will transfer to Coffeyville Community College in Kansas while Smith and Telfort haven't announced their transfer destinations. Smith and Telfort are also the two players who were not offered pre-trial intervention programs. Smith still faces a potential nine felony charges while Telfort faces a potential 30.
Antonio Callaway, the former star receiver and Miami Booker T. Washington alum, opted to leave Florida early for the NFL Draft.
Keivonnis Davis, a Miami Central alumnus, is the only player whose case has yet to be resolved. Davis was involved in a scooter accident during his suspension, and it's unknown if his injuries will prevent him from playing football this season and beyond. He's still enrolled in classes.
January 12, 2018
These smiles shouldn't accompany loss. These giggles shouldn't serve as the anthem of the vanquished. But on Friday night in Gainesville, following a 197.250-197.125 Florida loss to No. 1 LSU, they did.
Following their defeat, four UF gymnats, along with coach Jenny Rowland, didn't trudge to their post-match press conference, nor did they walk. They practically skipped.
Once seated in front of the room, seniors Kennedy Baker, Alex McMurtry and Rachel Slocum told jokes, lauhed and didn't care who saw. "Literally nothing matters," one of them sang. "It's only January 12th."
That was the attitude Rowland took when addressing the assembled reporters, noting the team has plenty of work to do, but there's still ample time to do it. Plus she said depsite the losing score, she saw imporvement compared to the team's season-opening win last week at West Virginia.
The improvement, she said, centered around the team's energy. She noticed her gymnasts wrapping their arms around each other between routines and staying engaged during their teammates' performances. The 9,661-fan sellout — the first of Rowland's three-year tensure as head coach — probably helped, too.
Still, she said energy aside, there's lots for the team to work on.
"Fixing the little things," she said.
The Gators were led by junior Alicia Boren, who placed second in the all-around to LSU's Myia Hambrick. Boren notched a 39.450.
McMurtry, who couldn't compete on floor because of lingering back issues and therefore didn't qualify for the all-around, led the Gators on vault (9.90) and bars (9.925). Sophomore Rachel Gowey won beam (9.950) and Baker tied with freshman Megan Skaggs for Florida's top floor score (9.925).
Baker's floor routine was one of the highlights of the night. It featrued, as she admitted following the meet, plenty of sass, including playing a whipping noise accompanied by a whipping motion where her teammates fell to the floor.
"I was just lit the whole routine," Baker said. "Seeing my teammates fall when I whipped them was just icing on the cake."
While the team was very clear about this part of the season having little impact on where it ends up, it has a week off before traveling to Lexington to face Kentucky next Friday at 7 p.m.
December 20, 2017
Florida could still land a few more recruits before the day is done, but here's who the Gators have reeled in so far on the first day of the first-ever early signing period. Quarterback Emory Jones is their top recruit at No. 40 overall, and UF's class — counting commitments as well as signees — ranks 17th nationally.
Emory Jones, quarterback:
The centerpiece of Mullen’s early signing day haul is Emory Jones, a 4-star dual threat quarterback from Georgia who spurned his commitment to Ohio State and picked the Gators. Jones is rated as the fourth-best dual threat quarterback in the country by the 247Sports Composite and the nation’s 40th-best player overall.
Mullen made Jones a priority for the quarterback-starved Gators, who had just three scholarship tossers — Feleipe Franks, Kyle Trask and Jake Allen — on their roster before Wednesday. Known as a quarterback guru after transforming Dak Prescott into a Heisman candidate at Mississippi State, among other success stories, Mullen’s first priority at Florida will be getting either Jones or any of UF’s other quarterbacks to a level of competence. He believes he’s off to a good start with Jones.
Evan McPherson, kicker:
While he’s Florida’s lowest-rated signee of the day and probably of the year, McPherson’s commitment to the Gators could end up being one of the most important of 2018. Junior Eddy Pineiro announced Tuesday that he’s leaving Florida early for the NFL Draft, so McPherson should challenge redshirt senior and Miami Belen Jesuit alum Jorge Powell to replace him.
McPherson is the nation’s top-rated kicking prospect.
Kyle Pitts/Dante Lang, tight end:
Florida snagged an elite tight end prospect in Kyle Pitts, a 4-star recruit from Warminster, Pennsylvania. He’s billed as the sixth-best tight end in the nation and brings great size to the position at 6-foot-6, 235 pounds.
The Gators lost tight ends Kalif Jackson and 2017 starter DeAndre Goolsby this offseason, so Pitts adds another body to the mix. But with veterans C’yontai Lewis and Moral Stephens returning along with Kemore Gamble, who was rated the seventh-best tight end in the nation in the 2017 class, Pitts could find the field later on in his career. The same is true of Dante Lang, a 6-foot-5, 220-pound tight end out of Boca Raton who is rated the 28th best at his position. Although with Mullen, more tight end involvement is possible.
While Florida didn’t use its tight ends in the passing game much under former coach Jim McElwain (Stephens led the group with 141 yards in 2017 while Goolsby and Lewis had the most touchdowns with one apiece) Mississippi State tight end Jordan Thomas amassed 227 yards and three touchdowns for the Bulldogs last season under Mullen.
Amari Burney/Trey Dean/John Huggins/Randy Russell, safety:
Florida set itself up for success at defensive back with its 2017 class, which brought six players into the group. But with seniors Duke Dawson, Nick Washington, Marcell Harris and Joseph Putu gone, signing safeties Amari Burney, John Huggins and Randy Russell bolsters the unit’s depth.
As the nation’s 15th-best safety prospect, Burney, a Clearwater native, could challenge Chauncey Gardner, Jeawon Taylor, Shawn Davis and Quincy Lenton for playing time. He has the size at 6-foot-1, 215 pounds.
Huggins is a little smaller at 6-feet, 200 pounds, and is rated a little lower at No. 32. Russell, who signed out of Miami Carol City, is even smaller at 5-fo0t-10, 180 pounds, but he’s rated higher than Huggins at No. 28. And Dean, the latest addition to Florida's class, has great length at 6-foot-2 but need to bulk up at 180 pounds. He's rated 22nd at his position.
Dameon Pierce, running back:
The Gators lost running back Mark Thompson to eligibility expiration and could also lose Jordan Scarlett, who didn’t play in 2017 but is nevertheless eligible for the NFL Draft. Florida addressed those losses with Pierce.
Rated the nation’s 10th-best running back, Pierce’s 5-foot-11, 205-pound frame is ideal. But with returning backs Lamical Perine, Malik Davis and Adarius Lemons in front of him on the depth chart, it will be an uphill climb for Pierce to see the field consistently in 2018.
That being said, he’s a higher-rated recruit then Davis was, and he finished second on the team in rushing as a true freshman.
Iverson Clement, athlete:
Clement is listed as an athlete by recruiting services, but he plays running back and is expected to stay at that position when he arrives in Gainesville. Pierce brings acceptable size at 5-foot-11, 199 pounds and is ranked as the nation’s 282nd-best recruit. Like Pierce, he'll have to claw onto the depth chart with three experienced backs ahead of him.
Chris Bleich/Noah Banks, offensive tackle:
The Gators addressed a need at offensive tackle with a pair of large additions. Chris Bleich, a 6-foot-6, 305-pound player from Plymouth, Pennsylvania, and Noah Banks, a 6-foot-7, 305-pound player from Pensacola both signed with the Gators. Bleich is rated No. 33 among high school offensive tackles while Banks is No. 6 among junior college tackles. With starting left tackle Martez Ivey possibly leaving for the NFL and with all the injuries Florida suffered along the offensive line a season ago, Mullen got some valuable depth with the two of them.
David Reese, linebacker:
The Gators will have two players named David Reese at linebacker in 2018. Junior middle linebacker David Reese led the team in tackles last season, while incoming freshman outside linebacker David Reese hopes to do the same at some point during his career in Gainesville.
The younger Reese brings height to a major position of need at 6-foot-3, 213 pounds.
December 07, 2017
Coach Mike White was his normal self on Monday, strolling through the Florida basketball complex in a grey sweatsuit, a lone Nike swoosh mark on the shoulder, coffee cup in hand. He seemed calm, which was appropriate given his message to his team following its third straight loss — this time against Loyola-Chicago — on Wednesday night: Don’t panic. There are plenty of games left to play.
His team, however, seemed panicked against the Ramblers. Florida had earned its No. 5 ranking by making shots and scoring at will, but that ability has evaporated since the Gators lost to No. 1 Duke on Nov. 26. White said the only thing to do to combat the funk is play better and make shots, which he said can mask some of the other shortcomings that need to be addressed.
“We’re just not making shots right now,” White said. “We’re coming off a really, really tough week.”
It started on Monday, when the Gators were dominated by Florida State in a 17-point loss. It marked UF’s fourth consecutive loss to the Seminoles.
Florida two leading scorers — guards Jalen Hudson and Egor Koulechov — shot a combined 9-of-24 against FSU, including 3-of-13 from 3-point range. The rest of the team couldn’t do much better.
The Gators shot 37 percent combined against Loyola and Florida State, with nearly identical percentages in each game. Like with Hudson and Koulechov, the shooting has been even worse from deep. The Gators went 8-of-44 in the two games.
White said he didn’t see the sudden frost coming. He said based on practice, he thought his team was just a good shooting team, and he expected that trend to continue. But he has a couple hypotheses for why.
First is the fact that the two games have been at home, and maybe that’s caused some jitters. Then there’s shot selection.
“Let’s make sure your first shot is a really good one,” White’s told his players. “We've gotten away with making a contested one or two early in games early in the season against inferior opponents, and that's backfired on us.”
Florida’s lack of size has also backfired. The Gators’ three leading rebounders are guards — Hudson, Koulechov and Chris Chiozza — and that trio is UF’s only representation on the Southeastern Conference’s top 32 rebounders.
The issue was especially prominent against FSU, which outrebounded the Gators 51-34.
“We're just a very average defensive and rebounding team,” White said, “and when we're not making shots, it's hard to beat anybody.”
But White is trying to extract at least positive from those struggles. He said maybe his players didn’t really believe they were in trouble when they were scoring in the triple digits game after game while allowing other teams to score high as well.
Now that shots aren’t falling and rebounds aren’t getting grabbed, White said his team will learn and get tougher. Florida will have a chance to show off that toughness, or not, on Saturday against No. 17 Cincinnati (7-1). White, meanwhile, will stay calm and sip his coffee with SEC play still several weeks away, trying to get his players to a similar level of tranquility.
“Is everything OK?” They’ve asked him in recent days. “Coach, are you good?”
“Yeah,” White has answered. “We're alive and healthy and we have a great opportunity today and we're in Florida. Are you kidding me? An opportunity to have a great practice today, come together, get better. Tough week, (but) a lot of people in Gainesville are having a lot tougher time in life than we are right now.”
Antonio Callaway, a Miami native and star Florida receiver, will forgo his final year of eligibility at UF and enter the NFL Draft, per a report from InsideTheLeague.com's Neil Stratton.
Callaway's career at Florida was marred by controversy, from accusations of sexual assault as a freshman to his suspension for the entirety of the 2017 season — along with eight other players — for accusations of credit card fraud. But his play on the field was memorable, too.
The Miami Booker T. Washington alumnus was Florida's leading receiver in his freshman and sophomore seasons, grabbing 678 and 721 yards, respectively. He finished his college career with seven touchdowns, including a memorable 63-yarder against Tennessee as a freshman that helped the Gators stun the Volunteers.
Callaway's 5-foot-10, 193-pound frame is smaller than a typical NFL receiver and his speed also isn't elite, but his playmaking ability when he was on the field at Florida was never in doubt. That should at least get him drafted at some point, though it's unclear how much his off-the-field issues may also play a role in his stock.
December 06, 2017
The Gators lost to Duke — the No. 1 team in the nation — fewer than two weeks ago by just three points. But since then, Florida has fallen apart.
The No. 5 Gators (5-3) dropped their third straight game on Wednesday against Loyola-Chicago (9-1) at home, 65-59. The Ramblers' six-point win was Florida's second-worst loss of the season, trailing only Monday's 17-point beatdown from Florida State. The Ramblers led for over 95 percent of the game.
Florida, which boasted the nation's most prolific offense entering the game against FSU at just over 99 points per game, has gone cold from deep since the loss to Duke. It went 2-of-19 from 3-point range against Loyola.
Transfer Egor Koulechov, who scored 34 points for Florida on opening night and was counted on as one of the team's leading scorers, is the embodiment of that frost. The senior went 1-for-10 from 3-point range against FSU and Loyola combined. He also went 7-of-26 from the floor over that same stretch.
He and his team have three days to correct that problem, as well as struggling interior defense, before they take on Cincinnati (7-1) on Saturday in Newark, New Jersey.
November 19, 2017
Brandon Powell is the face of Florida's pending showdown with Florida State.
The senior from Deerfield Beach has never beaten the Seminoles during his time at UF, and this Saturday will be his last chance to do so. It seems like he's let his teammates know it.
After their 36-7 win over UAB on Saturday, two teammates brought him up unprompted.
First was running back Lamical Perine, who said he was just discussing the FSU game with Powell. Then there was center Tyler Jordan, who said basically the same thing.
"We were just talking about that in the locker room," he said. "[Powell's] 0-3 against Florida State. We want to send him out with a win.”
But for Jordan, it's more than just wanting to send him out with a win. He said he's sure of it.
"Beating Florida State’s going to be something we’re going to do," he said.
Defensive tackle Taven Bryan is also sure of it.
"I’m expecting honestly that we’re going to win the next game very solidly," he said. "We’ve just been taking steps and getting better and better. Next week we should have a good solid week and play way better than we did this week.”
Bryan is right. The Gators took steps forward against UAB. They rushed for a season-best 257 yards. They avoided any turnovers. They scored their second-most points of the season. But all of that matters little when the Conference USA opponent was overmatched, despite its winning record. Florida has a chance to take a real step forward this weekend against the Seminoles.
That step forward will probably get them across the finish line, because win or lose, Florida will finish with a losing record. That makes a bowl game unlikely. So it's up to the Gators whether they want to cross in stride or limp on through.
"We just need a couple of more fans in there," Bryan said, "and we’ll get thing loud and we’ll win a game for them."
The official attendance against UAB was 84,649, though there seemed to be far fewer fans in the stands than that number suggests. The team is hoping more fans come out against FSU despite both team having down years.
"That's always going to be one of the pivotal games in college football," Florida coach Randy Shannon said.
His players are hoping that brings fans back for one last game in a season that many of them would like to forget.
“It’s really big," Jordan said. "Our biggest in-state rival. Big game at The Swamp. It’s going to be a fun one. It’s something we’re going to work on all week, because we’re going to be busting our ass all week to get ready for this team.”
November 02, 2017
He came to Florida to play his final season of college football only to get beat out by redshirt freshman Feleipe Franks. But finally, after seven contests, Malik Zaire will get his shot.
When the Gators travel to Missouri this weekend to take on the Tigers, Zaire will start under center for the first time this season.
"This is his opportunity," interim coach Randy Shannon said, "to get this team where it needs to be and not to be satisfied just because he's the starter."
Shannon said Monday he planned to shake things up and do things his way while leading the Gators through the end of the 2017 season. He made that clearer with this move, departing from former coach Jim McElwain's preference for Franks.
Franks started six of Florida's seven games this season, amassing 830 passing yards, four touchdowns and four interceptions. The remaining game was started by Luke Del Rio, who was lost for the season.
Zaire has only played in mop-up duty, helping Florida limp to the finish line in games that were out of reach. In those two appearances, he's thrown for 142 yards and no touchdowns.
Zaire is more mobile than Franks, who at 6-foot-6 has shown the ability to scramble some, but it's not viewed as a strength. Sometimes he also scrambles to his detriment, sensing nonexistent pressure and leaving the pocket only to lose yards near the sideline. Zaire hasn't had many opportunities to show that he can do better, but he'll get one in Columbia.
He just has to make the most of it. Shannon said the competition between him and Franks, who will serve as the primary backup this weekend, is ongoing.
"Today is an opportunity for him to run the offense and understand the expectations that we have for him," Shannon said. "This is not a time for him to feel comfortable and feel like he's made it. We want him to keep grinding and understand that competition is very good."
October 29, 2017
Jim McElwain's firing is the news of the day, week, month and year for the Florida football program. But with the team now having lost three consecutive games, where does it go from here? A few clues were offered Saturday.
First, at quarterback, where starter Feleipe Franks managed 30 yards on 19 attempts. He was relieved by backup Malik Zaire, who managed 36 yards on six attempts and added 30 rushing yards well after the game was out of reach.
"It’s not showing up on Saturday," Franks said of the lack of offensive improvement. "There’s a lot of things we can improve on. Like I said man. we’re not going to fold. We’re not going to just bow our heads down."
McElwain didn't address Zaire's apparent spark after the game, though his opinion matters little now. With the SEC title game now officially out of reach, it'll be interesting to see how Florida approaches the quarterback competition between Franks — the incumbent starter who played poorly in meaningful action — and Zaire — the Notre Dame graduate transfer who didn't work out as a starter but who played well on Saturday in meaningless action.
Florida's offense took a hit at running back, where leading rusher Malik Davis was injured and taken to the locker room in the first half. McElwain said he injured his knee, and reports surfaced Sunday that it was season-ending. Davis' mom told the Herald those reports were premature and he hadn't had an MRI yet, but Davis retweeted several teammates wishing him a speedy recovery. So season ending or not, it doesn't sound good. Davis, a true freshman from Tampa, leads the team with 526 yards this season.
His counterpart Lamical Perine managed 93 yards in Davis' absence against the Bulldogs. He's up to 365 on the year, and he's scored six touchdowns.
October 25, 2017
A Florida assistant coach meets with reporters every Wednesday at noon. The coach rotates from week to week, but the procedure is usually the same: Ask about each individual player in that position group, because who knows when that coach will speak again. This Wednesday was receiver coach Kerry Dixon’s turn, but the procedure was a little different.
Only two players were asked about by name: Tyrie Cleveland and Kadarius Toney. That makes sense. When they’re on, Florida’s offense is noticeably improved. When they’re not, like against Texas A&M when they were both injured, well, Florida’s offense is even worse than usual. So heading into a game Florida (3-3, 3-2 Southeastern Conference) must win to stay in slim contention for the SEC eastern division title, it wasn’t surprising to hear them brought up. Because without them, Florida’s chances this Saturday against No. 3 Georgia (7-0, 4-0 SEC), which are already bad (the Bulldogs opened as 14 ½-point favorites), are much worse.
Toney came up in the second question of Dixon’s press conference. He’s the less important of the tandem based on production. At 107 yards through the air this year, he ranks fourth on the team. But his value is more in his electricity.
He can run the ball on sweeps, he can run out of the wildcat formation, he can catch passes, and as a guy who played quarterback in high school, he can throw as well. That versatility is why he’s listed as an athlete — the only athlete — on Florida’s roster. If there was such a thing as the “eyeball test” for Florida’s offense, his moves and cuts would make him one of the few guaranteed to pass.
“We knew he was special in the spring,” Dixon said. “Moving forward we definitely hope to use him a lot more."
McElwain said Wednesday afternoon that Toney’s return is not certain, but he’s “doing everything” to be able to play.
Cleveland came up a little later for Dixon. Despite not registering a catch in UF’s last two games — that’s a third of the season — he still has twice as many yards as the next-closest receiver at 326. Brandon Powell is next at 149. He missed those two games with a high ankle sprain, and his absence limited Florida’s vertical passing game. Coach Jim McElwain said that will be a big part of this weekend’s contest against Georgia given how the Bulldogs load the box to stop the running game.
“We're going to have to make some plays downfield,” he said.
Players sounded hopeful Cleveland will be back. So did McElwain, who called him probable.
"He's back to his normal self,” Powell said. “It's just an ankle sprain, so he needed some time off, he got the bye week, so now he's back to his old self.”
However, Powell then referred to the abilities of other players in the wideout group.
“We've got playmakers everywhere,” he said. “Just to have another one of our playmakers back just makes us that much better.”
That’s not exactly true. At least not so far. In the two games without Cleveland, UF managed 135 and 108 passing yards. With him, it’s managed 249, 209, 212 and 181. Dixon knows the difference Cleveland makes.
"There's a comfort level when you have that deep threat out there,” he said. “They have to make certain coverage adjustments to him, which is a great asset to the offense.”
-- In addition to updates on Toney and Cleveland, McElwain said defensive end Jabari Zuniga, who was nursing an ankle injury, should be able to play. He added wideout Josh Hammond is questionable with a tweaked back.
-- Jim McElwain ignited Florida’s fan base Monday by revealing he’d received death threats. Some questionedthe legitimacy of those threats after UAA spokesman Steve McClain sent out statement ending with, “Our administration met with coach McElwain this afternoon and he offered no additional details.” McElwain tried to clarify on Wednesday.
“It’s just something that came up and obviously was on my mind,” he said. “It doesn’t make it right. It doesn’t make it right to air that laundry, and yet at the same time [we’ve] got total, total support.”
When asked if his family was threatened directly, he said the threats were anonymous but didn’t offer many other details. His response, in its entirety:
“Obviously, I understand that's the news,” he answered. “It goes with the territory. You know what? It’s hard to leave sometimes. You know how much I care about this program, these players. Obviously, everything that goes in with it. But ultimately allowing one or two, and who even knows who it was, right? You don’t know. It’s anonymous. So, that is what it is, and I’m confident we’re all right.”
October 05, 2017
There was some speculation after Gainesville native Tom Petty passed away on Monday that the halftime show during the Florida-LSU game would honor the late musician. While that hypothesis hasn't been refuted, it now seems unlikely.
The UF Athletic Association announced Thursday that it will pay a different tribute to Petty. After the band plays "The Boys of Old Florida" at the conclusion of the third quarter, Petty's "I won't back down" will echo through Ben Hill Griffin Stadium.
"Let's celebrate together what he meant to the world of music and what he meant to this community,'' UF athletic director Scott Stricklin said in a release. "Since we are already singing 'We are the Boys,' let's go right from that into one of his great anthems and make that the way we are going to jointly celebrate Tom Petty and the Gators."
September 27, 2017
It wasn’t supposed to happen this way. In the season’s first game, on the Dallas Cowboys’ field, playing on national television against the storied Michigan Wolverines, Florida’s offensive line was supposed to do the pushing rather than get pushed around. Coach Jim McElwain had raved about the unit heading into the season. He said it would be a team strength. Yet in game one, it was not .
“It was a gut punch,” offensive line coach Brad Davis said. “And it was what we needed.”
Since that game, during which Florida allowed six sacks, No. 21 UF’s offensive line has allowed three sacks combined in two games. The nine total sacks still rank 10th in the Southeastern Conference and 86th nationally, but the pass blocking has shown improvement since the stomping it took against Michigan. So has the run blocking.
The Gators managed 11 yards on the ground against the Wolverines, upped it to 168 against Tennessee and 186 against Kentucky.
Through the discouragement of the opening loss, the disappointment of missing out on a tune-up game due to Hurricane Irma, the suspension and levying of potential felony charges against freshman tackle Kadeem Telfort and back-to-back last-second wins, Florida’s offensive line has shown one thing it preached in the pre-season has come true: Thanks to the bonds formed within the unit, it’s been able to tune out distractions.
Now, the classic sports cliche of “just focusing on the game” and forgetting about hurricanes, suspensions, close wins and poor performances is repeated across sports whenever something bad happens to a team. Granted. But Florida’s offensive line has shown its legitimately capable of doing it. One player even says those challenges help.
“It made it a lot easier on us,” left tackle Martez Ivey said. “It’s like, we can fight through adversity and come together and we can still win, still push each other every day to come out and play hard.”
The improvements shouldn’t be a total surprise. Florida’s offensive line features a group of highly ranked, tall, heavy players, starting with Ivey.
He was the top-ranked offensive lineman in the class of 2015, carried five stars and was rated as the nation’s second-best player. He was joined by UF’s now-starting right guard Fred Johnson, who was a three-star recruit, but one who was 6-foot-7, 301 pounds in high school, held offers from Virginia Tech. Nebraska and Tennessee, and played his freshman year at Florida.
Right guard Brett Heggie was rated as the sixth-best center in the nation in the class of 2016 by the 247Sports Composite in addition to being an Under Armour All American. And go-to backup Tyler Jordan was also an Under Armour All American rated the seventh-best center in the country.
That leaves T.J. McCoy and Jawaan Taylor. McCoy is the outlier of the group, having come to Florida as a transfer from North Carolina State to be closer to his ailing father in Orlando. He was relegated to third-string center duty until late into last season when a string of injuries forced him into action. Since then, the 6-foot-1, 314-pound leader of the offensive line hasn’t lost his job. And Taylor, the team’s heaviest offensive lineman at 334 pounds, made the All-SEC Freshman Team last season.
Still, there was work to be done after Michigan tore through them like bullets through paper.
“To go out and underperform and underachieve was a huge disappointment,” Davis said. “My job as a coach is to not beat them up or tear them down. It’s to build.”
He’s done so by trying to improve communication and eliminate “self-inflicted wounds,” like penalties and missed assignments. He said his players have responded well.
“They handled it like men,” he said.
McCoy added having Luke Del Rio at quarterback helped with the communication.
“He does a great job of calling out the play and explaining it to everybody,” he said. “He does a great job of that and keeping everybody together."
And McElwain, with all the off-field distractions, said it’s expected of the offensive line to tune out. When nine of your teammates are suspended -- including one from your own unit -- you’ve missed a game, your quarterback position is in constant flux, what’s one bad opening game?
“I think there's one thing these guys have done a pretty good job of,” McElwain said, “is dealing with some things."
Redshirt freshman defensive lineman Jordan Smith is facing four more potential felony charges, according to Alachua County court records.
In a sworn complaint affidavit filed Wednesday by the Gainesville Police Department, Smith is accused of using a stolen credit card to pay $1,007.82 to his apartment complex, the Woodlands of Gainesville.
On Monday, the University of Florida Police Department accused Smith of 18 felony counts. Wednesday's complaint affidavit brings his total potential charges up to 22 by adding two charges of larceny-grand theft and two of fraud.
The State Attorney's Office will decide whether to ultimately press charges against Smith and the other eight players accused of fraud.
The nine Florida football players who have been suspended since August are facing potential felony charges for fraud, according to sworn complaint affidavits filed Monday by the University of Florida Police Department.
The State Attorney's Office will review the evidence and decide whether to formally charge the players.
Most of the players are accused of using stolen credit card information to transfer money to their student debit card accounts, which they then used to purchase laptop computers, iPads and headphones, among other items.
The nine players are facing 62 criminal counts.
Seven of the nine are accused of making one purchase. Smith and Telfort are accused of using multiple cards to make multiple purchases.
According to the complaints, Callaway spent 2,022.44 on a 13-inch MacBook Pro, which came with gloss black Beats headphones thanks to a coupon code, after using the stolen credit card to transfer $1,970 into his student debit account. Scarlett also bought a MacBook with rose gold headphones.
The same complaint says some of the players admitted to selling what they bought. On Aug. 1, Smith bought three different types of Beats headphones ranging in price from $69.99 to $149.99.
The complaint filed against Scarlett says he used his girlfriend's account to make his purchase after transferring $1,940 from the stolen card to it.
When interviewed by police, she said Scarlett told her there was money on her account from "an agent" in New York and that he needed her to come with him to the UF bookstore to pick out a computer. He told police he transferred the money to her account because “he needed the money but did not want to get in trouble."
Telfort is alleged to have used stolen information to buy items ranging from a combo meal at Sonic to an iPad (with $99 insurance) to gummy worms.
The group has a heavy South Florida connection. The two most prominent names -- Callaway, a starting receiver, and Scarlett, a starting running back -- are both from the area, with Callaway, like Telfort, having attended Booker T. Washington in Miami and Scarlett having attended St. Thomas Aquinas in Ft. Lauderdale.
Davis attended Miami Central. Houston attended Plantation American Heritage, and Desir-Jones is also an Aquinas alum.
Scarlett, Callaway, Miller, Davis, Desir-Jones, Smith and Telfort have been suspended since Aug. 13. Scarlett and Wells joined them on Aug. 30.
The news of the affidavits being filed broke in the middle of coach Jim McElwain's press conference on Monday, and McElwain said he was unaware of it. When asked, he said no decisions have been made about the futures of those players.
“You’re asking me something I don’t even know about,” he said.
He added that, if charged, the news could change the players' situations.
"Darn right," he said.
Center T.J. McCoy, who spoke to reporters shortly after McElwain, said he still has faith in those players returning.
"I really believe that those guys are gonna come back," he said, "and I believe they're gonna help us to have a great season."
September 07, 2017
The Gators wont play Northern Colorado this Saturday in The Swamp. The school announced Thursday that the game is canceled and wont be rescheduled due to Hurricane Irma.
“As the Hurricane’s track has approached the state of Florida," UF Athletics Director Scott Stricklin said in a release, "it’s become obvious that playing a football game is not the right thing to do. The focus of our state and region needs to be on evacuations and relief efforts."
On Wednesday, the school had moved the game up from its original 7:30 p.m. start to noon. But because of everything coming to Gainesville for a football game entails -- filling up on gas, driving on highways, buying snack food and water -- Stricklin said playing the game just wasn't the right thing to do. Plus there are 3,300 working personnel, 17 government agencies and outside vendors who bus employees from Jacksonville and Orlando to Gainesville, per a press release,. Stricklin said he didn't want to clog up those resources incase they're needed elsewhere.
"Playing a college football game Saturday," he said, "would only add to that stress."
Coach Jim McElwain agreed. While he was excited about the game in press conferences leading up to it, he also noted how the approach of Hurricane Irma put his life into perspective. When the game was canceled, he reiterated those thoughts.
“When you look at the impact this event could have, you have to sit back and realize what’s really important in life,” he said in a release. “In this case, we’re doing everything we can to help facilitate with what may occur."
He also emphasized that many of the team's players are from South Florida and sent well wishes to them and their families.
The university said ticket holders will be notified about refunds individually. | {
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(CNN) An eight-year-old boy reeled in a 314-kilogram (692-pound) tiger shark on a fishing trip with his dad in Australia -- possibly setting a new world record.
Jonathan Millauro and his son Jayden came across the shark last week in waters about 160 kilometers (100 miles) south of Sydney, off the coast of New South Wales, according to CNN affiliate Nine News.
"The adrenaline was pumping from the moment we all spotted the shark at the boat," Millauro told Nine News.
Jayden, who only weighs about 40 kilograms (about 88 pounds), managed to reel in the shark with a 15-kilogram (33 pound) fishing line, while one of the other men on board held onto his harness.
"I was trying to hold myself by pushing off the wall in the boat," Jayden told Nine News.
Read More | {
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Home team cleans up at Central spelling bee
Cameron Fuller, the first home-schooled spelling bee winner in Chinle Agency history, correctly spells a word to stay in the competiton Wednesday at the Chinle Agency Spelling Bee.
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Is there such a thing as a home court advantage at a spelling bee?
There certainly seemed to be Wednesday as students from the hosting Piñon Unified School District swept six of the 10 positions at the Chinle Agency Spelling Bee to qualify for the Navajo Nation Spelling Bee on March 13.
Eighth-grade champion Catherine Lopez and runner-up Raquel Tom were from Piñon Middle School and Piñon Accelerated Middle School, respectively; seventh-grade champ Nykesha Nez was from Piñon Middle; and both the fifth- and fourth-grade champions, Chenoa Begaye and Latisha Mike, hailed from Piñon Elementary as did fourth-grade runner up Nigel James.
Only the sixth-grade match, won by Cameron Fuller (home-schooled) with Cina Curley (Canyon de Chelly Elementary) as the runner-up, did not include a top finisher from Piñon.
Chinle Elementary claimed the fifth-grade runner-up, Casey Jones, while the seventh-grade runner-up, Mikail Morgan, was from Chinle Junior High School.
Even Piñon's elementary school sponsor, library technician Presilita Bia, was hard-pressed to explain her team's success.
"It's only my second year as a sponsor, and these kids have only had a week and a half to study," she said, explaining that she was out sick most of December. "I gave some of them a word list, but they lost it."
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She did say the kids had good luck with words — a lot of the words used in Wednesday's bee had come up at the school's spelling bee as well.
The bee also featured Chinle Agency's first home-schooled winner, Fuller, who was a force to be reckoned with last year, when she represented Mesa View Elementary and won the lower-grades round of the Navajo Nation bee.
It was fortunate her parents, Greg and Regina Fuller, had pulled her out to home-school her this year, or she wouldn't have been able to compete; Mesa View didn't field a team this year.
Greg Fuller said he and his wife, a nurse at Chinle's IHS hospital, were somewhat at a loss helping their precocious daughter study for the bee.
"We couldn't find anyone who had entered a home-schooled child in the spelling bee," said Greg Fuller, a stay-at-home dad. "We just tried whatever we could."
Fortunately again, the Fullers are close neighbors to Samuel Yeager, last year's Navajo Nation winner, and he offered materials and advice.
Cameron, 12, did not even look worried as she coasted through "worrisome" to steal the title from Curley, a close competitor who went head-to-head with Fuller for five rounds.
The most exciting competition was the fifth-grade match, which went 14 rounds, the last eight of which were a pitched battle between Jones and Begaye. It was a good "scenario" for Begaye, who won when she spelled that word correctly.
The next bee among the regional competitions is Fort Defiance Agency's Friday at Greasewood Springs Community School, followed by Northern Agency's next Wednesday and Western's next Thursday. | {
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Background {#Sec1}
==========
Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is a rodent-borne disease caused by hantaviruses. Each hantavirus tends to be specific to a different rodent or insectivore host \[[@CR1], [@CR2]\]. Two dominant hantaviruses, Seoul virus (SEOV) and Hantaan virus (HTNV), carried by *Rattus norvegicus* and *Apodemus agrarius*, respectively, cause HFRS in China \[[@CR3]\]. China is one of the countries most affected by hantaviruses (mainly HTNV and SEOV). The reported cases in China account for 90% of the total global burden of the HFRS \[[@CR4]--[@CR6]\]. HFRS has become an important public health problem in Asia. The mortality rates have reached 12% in some outbreaks \[[@CR7]\]. In recent years, the incidence of HFRS has significantly decreased. However, 30,000--60,000 cases are reported annually in China \[[@CR8]\]. Hunan Province is one of the most seriously affected areas in mainland China \[[@CR2], [@CR6], [@CR9]\]. Since HFRS was first detected in Hunan Province in 1963, more than 90% of the cities in the province have reported cases \[[@CR4], [@CR10], [@CR11]\]. Hunan Province has reported several hantavirus strains, predominantly SEOV, and various species of rodent host, including *A. agrarius*, *R. norvegicus*, *Mus musculus*, and *Rattus flavipectus* \[[@CR12], [@CR13]\]. All of these species can carry hantaviruses \[[@CR14]\] and were found to carry and transmit hantavirus frequently in recent years \[[@CR15]\].
Rodent population densities, virus prevalence in rodents, diversity of rodents, rodent community composition, and species distributions have important influences on HFRS transmission \[[@CR16]--[@CR22]\]. Different rodent species thrive in different habitats. For example, *A. agrarius* prefers humid and food-rich environments, and is found predominantly in forested regions and fields. *R. norvegicus* is abundant in residential areas, and is the main vector for zoonotic diseases in rural and urban populations \[[@CR4]\]. The main routes of transmission to humans are inhalation of aerosolized urine or feces, contact with the saliva of infected rodents, or via contaminated food, all of which require humans and rodent hosts to share the same space \[[@CR4], [@CR23]\]. Previous studies revealed that land use influences HFRS transmission through the effect on the reservoir, host, and environmental conditions \[[@CR6], [@CR24]\]. To date, few studies have examined the relationships among landscape, rodent community composition and HFRS occurrence. In 2006--2008, the rodent density in different habitats and the prevalence of major rodent-borne diseases (including HFRS) in Nanchang City in Jiangxi Province were investigated and the risks of the rodent-borne diseases were assessed \[[@CR25]\]; The spatial as well as temporal variation in the occurrence of HFRS is linked to geographic differences in the population dynamics of the reservoir rodents in different biomes of Europe \[[@CR26]\]. These studies showed that studying the relationships among landscape, rodent community composition and HFRS occurrence are beneficial works to promote the progress of the understanding of HFRS epidemiology.
The first case in Shaoyang, one of the prefecture-level cities most seriously affected by HFRS in Hunan Province, was reported in 1965 \[[@CR27]\]. In 2006, 135 cases were reported in Shaoyang, accounting for 24.1% of the total cases in Hunan Province. There were more than 1000 cases, in total, from 1980 to 1999, but the incidence decreased for unknown reasons by 54.3% during this time period. In prefecture-level city of Loudi, after the first case emerged in the 1970s, the incidence of HFRS increased substantially in the 1990s. Despite a decline in incidence in Loudi that began in the early 2000s, there was still one area with high incidence. The annual incidence in Loudi increased to 3.7 cases per 100,000 people in 2007, and was the highest in Hunan Province.
The aims of this study were to: 1) investigate how the community composition of the hosts influences the risk of HFRS among different landscapes; 2) to identify dominant rodent species in different environments; and 3) to investigate the spatiotemporal distribution of hantavirus infection risk at small spatial scales.
Methods {#Sec2}
=======
Study area {#Sec3}
----------
The study was conducted in the prefecture-level cities of Shaoyang and Loudi, in the southwest of Hunan Province (Fig. [1](#Fig1){ref-type="fig"}). Shaoyang has mainly mountainous terrain, an annual average temperature of 16.1--17.1 °C, and annual rainfall of 1000--1300 mm. Shaoyang has a total land area of 20,829 km^2^ and a population of about 7.1 million people. Loudi covers 8117 km^2^ and has a population of 4.67 million people. In Loudi, the mean annual temperature is about 16.5--17.5 °C, and the annual rainfall is about 1300--1400 mm.Fig. 1Land use and location of trapping sites in the study area, the prefecture-level cities of Loudi and Shaoyang
Data collection {#Sec4}
---------------
Data on HFRS cases in Shaoyang and Loudi from 2006 to 2013 were obtained from the Hunan Notifiable Disease Surveillance System (HNDSS). The HNDSS is a passive surveillance system. All HFRS cases were first diagnosed based on clinical symptoms, as defined by a national standard \[[@CR28]\]. The diagnosis was confirmed by detection of specific IgM and IgG antibodies to hantaviruses in acute phase serum specimens by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Information recorded for each case included sex, age, residential address, and the date of onset of symptoms. The HFRS data in this analysis did not differentiate HTNV from SEOV infections. Cases were geo-coded according to the residential address using Google Earth (Google, Mountain View, California, USA). As most patients' occupations are farmer, their working places were mainly farmland, closing to their family address. We hypothesize that people usually have the most frequent activities near their address and working places. Thus the residential address of HFRS cases could reflect the environmental condition where the infected persons exposure to rodents.
The rodent monitoring data in Loudi and Shaoyang were collected by 45 permanent trapping sites covering different environments; 36 in cultivated areas and three, each, in forests, grasslands, and urban areas. As the trapping sites were geocoded at township-level, some sites in the same township are represented by one point in the map (Fig. [1](#Fig1){ref-type="fig"}). A total of 48,328 trap-nights occurred between 2006 and 2013. According to the HFRS monitoring program of Hunan, rodents were trapped in March, April, September, and October \[[@CR29]\]. The traps were baited with peanuts, placed at each trapping site each night, and checked in the morning. More than 100 traps were placed per site in peridomestic environments, at approximately 12--15 m intervals, for 3 consecutive nights. More than 200 traps were placed per site outdoors, for 3 consecutive nights (every 5 m in each row, with 50 m between rows). The trapped rodents were numbered and the species and sex were identified.
Land use data were extracted from the GlobCover 2009 land cover map, provided by Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL) and ESA (<http://due.esrin.esa.int/page_globcover.php> \[[@CR30]\]), with a resolution of 300 m. The original GlobCover 2009 global land cover data were collected by the Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS) sensor data from the Envisat satellite. The study areas were categorized into five land use types, cultivated land, forest, grassland, urban land, and water bodies (such as rivers and lakes). Maps were created using ArcGIS 10.0 (ESRI Inc., Redlands, CA, USA).
Statistical analysis {#Sec5}
--------------------
The same data analysis was conducted for Loudi and Shaoyang. First, the annual proportions of HFRS cases for the five land use types were calculated. A matrix (*R*) was constructed, with rows representing the proportion of HFRS cases for one land use type in different years, and columns representing the proportion of HFRS cases in the same year for different land use types. Second, the annual proportions of different rodent species were calculated based on rodent surveillance data. The rodents were classified mainly as *R. norvegicus*, *M. musculus*, *A. agrarius*, *R. flavipectus*, and other rodent species (including *Rattus losea* and *Microtus fortis calamorum*). The rodent community composition was quantified as matrix *C*, with rows representing the proportion of the same rodent species in different years, and columns representing the proportion of different rodent species in the same year. Elements of each column in matrix R and matrix C should add up to one. After that, the coefficient matrix *β* was calculated from *R* and *C* according to Eq. ([1](#Equ1){ref-type=""}) using the method of matrix right division to determine how rodent community composition influences the HFRS occurrence probability:
$$\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{wasysym}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}
\begin{document}$$ \left(\begin{array}{cccc}{R}_{11}& {R}_{12}& \cdots & {R}_{1j}\\ {}{R}_{21}& {R}_{22}& & \\ {}\vdots & & \ddots & \vdots \\ {}{R}_{i1}& & \cdots & {R}_{ij}\end{array}\right)=\left(\begin{array}{cccc}{\beta}_{11}& {\beta}_{12}& \cdots & {\beta}_{1k}\\ {}{\beta}_{21}& {\beta}_{22}& & \\ {}\vdots & & \ddots & \vdots \\ {}{\beta}_{i1}& & \cdots & {\beta}_{ik}\end{array}\right)\cdot \left(\begin{array}{cccc}{C}_{11}& {C}_{12}& \cdots & {C}_{1j}\\ {}{C}_{21}& {C}_{22}& & \\ {}\vdots & & \ddots & \vdots \\ {}{C}_{k1}& & \cdots & {C}_{\mathrm{kj}}\end{array}\right) $$\end{document}$$
where *R*~*ij*~ is the proportion of HFRS cases in area *i* in year *j*, *β*~*ik*~ shows the potential contact rate of HFRS from rodent species *k* to humans in area *i*, and *C*~*kj*~ is the proportion of rodent species *k* in year *j*.
The *β* matrices for Loudi and Shaoyang are shown in Fig. [2](#Fig2){ref-type="fig"}, with low values in dark blue and high values in red. Each value in the figure is a coefficient for one rodent species and one land use type. All the values are dimensionless. Positive values represent positive association among the HFRS occurrence, rodent species, and land use types, and negative values represent negative associations.Fig. 2Visualized coefficient matrix showing the relationships among rodent community composition, land use types and HFRS occurrence in (**a**) Loudi, (**b**) Shaoyang. The coefficient values are color coded from blue (low values) to red (high values)
All data were divided into two categories. Training data (75%), collected from 2006 to 2011, were used to develop the model and estimate the coefficient matrix. Validation data (25%), collected from 2012 to 2013, were used for model evaluation. The matrices *R* and *C*, constructed with data from 2006 to 2011, were used to calculate the coefficient matrix *β*. Based on the testing matrix *C*, constructed with data from 2012 to 2013, and the coefficient matrix *β*, we estimated the proportion of HFRS occurrence among different land use types in 2012--2013. The calculated results and the observed data from 2012 to 2013 in both Loudi and Shaoyang were used to perform a linear fitting to assess the accuracy of our predicted results. The accuracy of prediction was reflected by the R^2^ and was thought as better when the R^2^ was closer to 1. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 19 software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) and Matlab (vR2012b) (Math Works Inc., Natick, MA, USA).
Results {#Sec6}
=======
Species distribution and HFRS occurrence {#Sec7}
----------------------------------------
A total of 906 rodents were trapped in Loudi, where *A. agrarius*, the main reservoir of HTNV, was the predominant species, accounting for 91.4% of all trapped rodents in 2009. The number of *M. musculus* from 2006 to 2013 varied, with none trapped in 2009 and 109 trapped in 2012. The number of *R. norvegicus* decreased yearly from 2006 and none were trapped in 2010 and 2011. Other species (mainly *Rattus losea and Microtus fortis calamorum*) were trapped starting in 2009 (Figs. [3a](#Fig3){ref-type="fig"} and [4a](#Fig4){ref-type="fig"}).Fig. 3Distribution of rodent species and HFRS cases in Loudi, 2006--2013. **a** Proportion of each rodent species, (**b**) Proportion of HFRS cases among different land use typesFig. 4Number of rodents trapped and HFRS cases reported in (**a**) Loudi, (**b**) Shaoyang
A total of 742 HFRS cases were confirmed in Loudi between 2006 and 2013. Figure [4a](#Fig4){ref-type="fig"} shows the annual distribution of cases. More cases occurred in 2007 than in any other year. The number of HFRS cases declined from 2007 to 2010. Case reports increased in 2011 and 2013, with 94 and 115 cases reported, respectively (Fig. [4a](#Fig4){ref-type="fig"}). There was little annual variation in the proportion of HFRS cases for each land use type in Loudi (Fig. [3b](#Fig3){ref-type="fig"}). Cultivated land consistently had the largest proportion of cases. The distributions of HFRS cases in urban areas, forests, and grasslands were similar. Except in 2007 and 2013, no cases occurred in bodies of water. In 2010, consistent with the increase in other rodent species, there was an increase in HFRS cases in grassland areas.
In Shaoyang, a total of 858 rodents were trapped during the study period. *R. norvegicus* (67.7%) and *A. agrarius* (17.8%) were the predominant rodent species. *R. flavipectus* and *M. musculus* accounted for 71.9% of all trapped species in 2006, but this proportion declined over the next 7 years. In 2010 and 2011, no *M. musculus* were trapped, but they appeared again in 2012 and 2013. No *R. flavipectus* were trapped from 2011 to 2013. There were no other rodent species trapped in Shaoyang (Figs. [5a](#Fig5){ref-type="fig"} and [4b](#Fig4){ref-type="fig"}).Fig. 5Distribution of rodent species and HFRS cases in Shaoyang, 2006--2013. **a** Proportion of each rodent species, (**b**) Proportion of HFRS cases among different land use types
Shaoyang had 797 HFRS cases during the study period and the incidence was highest in 2007. The number of cases declined in 2008 and increased between 2009 and 2013 (Fig. [4b](#Fig4){ref-type="fig"}). The proportion of cases for each land use type varied over the study period. Cultivated land consistently had the highest proportion of cases. In urban areas, the proportion of cases declined annually. However, annual occurrence increased in forests. There was little variation in HFRS cases in grassland areas over the study period. There were a few HFRS cases reported in bodies of water from 2006 to 2010, but no cases were reported in these areas after 2010 (Fig. [5b](#Fig5){ref-type="fig"}).
Relationships between rodent hosts, land use types, and HFRS occurrences {#Sec8}
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The coefficient matrix, *β*, identified the potential influence of rodent species distributions in different land use types on the occurrence of HFRS. In Loudi, HFRS cases in cultivated land were positively associated with all rodent species. In forests, HFRS cases were positively associated with *R. flavipectus* and *M. musculus* and negatively associated with *R. norvegicus* and other rodent species. In grasslands, HFRS cases were positively associated with *R. norvegicus* and other rodent species and negatively associated with *R. flavipectus* and *M. musculus*, while the opposite occurred in forests. In urban land and water bodies, HFRS cases were negatively associated with *R. norvegicus* and other rodent species. There was a weak positive association of *M. musculus* and *A. agrarius* with HFRS cases in urban land, and *R. flavipectus* was negatively associated with HFRS cases. In water bodies, there was a weak negative association of HFRS cases with *A. agrarius* and a positive association with *R. flavipectus* (Fig. [2a](#Fig2){ref-type="fig"}). In Shaoyang, HFRS cases were positively associated with *R. norvegicus*, *A. agrarius*, and *R. flavipectus*, and negatively associated with *M. musculus* in cultivated land, forest, and grassland. In urban land, HFRS cases were positively associated with *R. norvegicus* and *M. musculus*, and negatively associated with *A. agrarius* and *R. flavipectus*. In water bodies, there was a weak negative association of all rodent species, except *A. agrarius*, with HFRS cases. Additionally, there was a weak association of other species with HFRS cases in all land use types (Fig. [2b](#Fig2){ref-type="fig"}).
Risk of potential contacts between humans and rodents in different land use types {#Sec9}
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The proportions of HFRS cases among different land use types in Loudi and Shaoyang in 2012--2013 were predicted. In Loudi, the land use type with the highest predicted risk of HFRS was cultivated land, following by forest and urban land in both 2012 and 2013. The model predicted that grassland and water bodies would have a low risk of HFRS in these 2 years. In Shaoyang, cultivated land had the highest predicted risk of HFRS in both years, followed by urban land, forest, grassland, and water bodies in 2012, and followed by forest, grassland, urban land, and water bodies in 2013. Figure [6](#Fig6){ref-type="fig"} shows the predicted probability of occurrence of HFRS cases as well as the corresponding observations in both Loudi and Shaoyang in 2012--2013. The predicted and observed proportions in the same area in the same year were paired to assess the accuracy of the predictive model. The scatterplot in Fig. [7](#Fig7){ref-type="fig"} shows the concordant relationship of the predictions and observations. The R^2^ reflected that our prediction was accurate (R^2^ = 0.934).Fig. 6Predicted and observed HFRS occurrence probability among different land use types in Loudi and Shaoyang, 2012--2013. The HFRS occurrence probability is predicted by Eq. [1](#Equ1){ref-type=""}Fig. 7Scatterplot showing the predicted and observed HFRS occurrence probabilities. The HFRS occurrence probability is predicted by Eq. [1](#Equ1){ref-type=""}
Discussion {#Sec10}
==========
This study investigated the relationships among HFRS occurrence, land use type, and rodent community composition. The results indicated that different rodent species influenced the HFRS occurrence for different land use types.
Overall, the highest probability of HFRS was on cultivated land, followed by urban areas, forests, and grasslands. Relatively few cases of HFRS were identified in water covered areas in both Shaoyang and Loudi. For the same land use type, the probability of HFRS occurrence varied between cities. The high probability of HFRS on cultivated land may be due to the humid environment with adequate food for rodents to survive. Farmers working on cultivated land increase the potential for contact between rodents and humans, thereby increasing the risk of HFRS transmission. In 2012, relatively high HFRS risk was predicted in urban areas in Shaoyang, but in 2013, the predicted HFRS risk was lower. This might have resulted from increases in *R. norvegicus* and *A. agrarius* in 2012 and 2013. *R. norvegicus* was positively associated with HFRS in urban land while *A. agrarius* was negatively associated with the HFRS in urban land. The negative correlation was stronger than the positive correlation (Fig. [2b](#Fig2){ref-type="fig"}). Therefore, the increase in *A. agrarius* had a greater influence on HFRS in urban land in Shaoyang. An increase in intensive human activities, such as farming, leading to agricultural encroachment on forests, grassland areas, and water covered areas, and large human populations in urban areas changing the geographical landscape \[[@CR20]\], has an important impact on the spread of viruses. A previous study, focused on HFRS cases caused by HTNV in rural areas, found that agricultural land use and cultivated soil were related to high risk for HFRS \[[@CR6]\]. We found the risks among different land use types varied in relation to rodent community composition.
Hantaviruses are transmitted to humans by infected rodents. Different land uses lead to different rodent community composition and distribution \[[@CR31], [@CR32]\]. Moreover, each land use type has a predominant rodent species. In the current study, the risks of hantavirus infection in cultivated land were associated with different rodent species in Loudi and Shaoyang. The risks of HFRS occurrence in other land use types varied for different rodent species. In Loudi, *A. agrarius* was the most predominant species (Figs. [3](#Fig3){ref-type="fig"} and [4a](#Fig4){ref-type="fig"}). However, the highest risk of hantavirus infection was on cultivated land, and mainly correlated with *R. norvegicus* (Fig. [2a](#Fig2){ref-type="fig"})*.* This suggests Loudi city may be a mixed-type epidemic area. In Shaoyang, *R. norvegicus* was the predominant species (Figs. [5](#Fig5){ref-type="fig"} and [4b](#Fig4){ref-type="fig"}). Cultivated and urban areas had higher risk of HFRS and HFRS in these areas was predominantly associated with *A. agrarius* and *M. musculus*, respectively (Fig. [2b](#Fig2){ref-type="fig"}), indicating that Shaoyang may be a mixed-type epidemic area. It can be concluded that both of the cities are mixed-type HFRS epidemic areas with various reservoir rodents. The corresponding risks of potential contact between humans and rodents in different landscapes may also change over time with varied rodent community composition.
Different rodent population dynamics have disparate influences on HFRS occurrence. *A. agrarius* and *R. norvegicus* were the predominant species in Loudi and Shaoyang, respectively. According to monitoring data from the last 20 years in China, the highest virus-carrying indexes among host animals in wild and residential areas are for *A. agrarius* and *R. norvegicus*, respectively \[[@CR33]--[@CR35]\]. Different rodents have their own preferred habitats and different abilities to carry and transmit pathogenic viruses. *A. agrarius* are more active outdoors and *M. musculus*, *R. norvegicus*, and *R. flavipectus* are active both outdoors and indoors \[[@CR13]\]. We found different rodent species in both Loudi and Shaoyang, so the occurrences of HFRS cases in both outdoor (cultivated land, forest, grass, and water) and indoor (urban land) environments are consistent with prior knowledge. The coefficient matrix of Loudi indicated that *R. norvegicus* was the dominant species affecting HFRS risk on cultivated land. HFRS occurrence and the related dominant rodent host varied for each environment. This suggests that rodent community composition has a significant influence on the epidemic pattern and transmissions of hantaviruses.
Based on these findings, preventative measures can be developed for different land use types, in different cities and epidemic areas. HFRS is related to the number of rodents in different environments. Therefore, we can effectively identify the dominant rodent species in different areas and enact preventative measures to reduce the risk of hantavirus transmission. Cultivated land was a high-risk area for HFRS in our study. The dominant rodent species in this environment has an important impact on the HFRS risk. Therefore, more attention should be spent reducing rodent numbers in these environments. This is consistent with a previous study that found that HFRS cases commonly occur in rural areas \[[@CR36]\]. *R. norvegicus* was the main vector for hantavirus in Loudi and the main vectors in Shaoyang were primarily *A. agrarius*, *R. flavipectus*, and *M. musculus*. Differences in rodent community composition may result in different epidemic characteristics, infection risks, and even control measures. For example, when *A. agrarius* is the predominant species in the rodent population, as in Loudi, the main risk of HFRS is from cultivated land, so the prevention of HFRS should focus more on the farmlands. In contrast, when *R. norvegius* is the predominant species in the rodent population, such as in Shaoyang, the main risk of HFRS is from cultivated land, forest, and urban land, which indicates that more attention should be paid to all these types of land. Our study indicates that rodent community composition and land use types are associated with the epidemiology of HFRS. This information can be used to develop species-specific control measures to reduce the risk of potential contact between hantavirus and humans in different environments.
Several limitations for this study should be noted. First, it only considered the influence of rodents on HFRS. Hantavirus transmission results from a combination of environment, climate change, change in biotope, hantavirus species, and social factors \[[@CR13], [@CR31], [@CR37]\]. Second, more detailed information about both rodents and humans needs to be considered, including rodent density, virus-carrying index, and population density. In the absence of the virus-carrying and population density data, we cannot investigate the actual role of rodent species in viral transmission from rodents to humans. Third, change in land use was not considered in our model because these data were not available. Finally, we used the postal addresses of patients to represent the sites of contact, which might have induced measurement error. The accuracy of address resolution was also limited. Further studies are needed to determine the effect of rodent community composition, density, distribution and virus-carrying index on the risks of HFRS transmission. Additionally, potential seasonal variation in prevalence is critical and should be considered when studying contact rate. It is therefore prevalence, seasonal variations of prevalence, and other environmental factors should also be considered in future studies.
Conclusions {#Sec11}
===========
This study identified the dominant rodent species for different land use types in areas with HFRS, and provides support for the development of regional rodent monitoring programs to prevent HFRS in different environments. We also found that change in rodent community composition was associated with risk of hantavirus infection in different land use types. In addition, this study provides baseline data for HFRS incidence in Loudi and Shaoyang, China.
HFRS
: Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome
HNDSS
: Hunan notifiable disease surveillance system
HTNV
: Hantaan virus
SEOV
: Seoul virus
We thank James N. Mills and Gregory E. Glass for their valuable comments.
Funding {#FPar1}
=======
This work was supported by Construct Program of the Key Discipline in Hunan Province of China (2011001), National Natural Science Foundation of China (81673234, 31500383, 71473264, 41476161), Science and Technology Planning Project of Hunan Province, China (2015JC3063), Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, and Key Subject Construction Project of Hunan Normal University (geographic information systems).
Availability of data and materials {#FPar2}
==================================
The data that support the findings of this study are available from Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention but restrictions apply to the availability of these data, which were used under license for the current study, and so are not publicly available. Data are however available from the authors upon reasonable request and with permission of Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention.
XT, RH, HX, LG, SH, HTian were involved in the conceptualization, research design, execution and write-up of the first draft of the manuscript. HTan, YL, HG and PZ contributed to database design and data analysis. HY and ZY.X.H advised on the study design and the analysis and interpretation of results. All authors were involved in preparation of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Ethics approval and consent to participate {#FPar3}
==========================================
The present study was reviewed and approved by the research institutional review board of the Hunan Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). In this study, all the patient medical data analyzed were anonymized for the consideration of confidentiality, only aggregated data were used in the data analysis and no personal information has been used. The whole rodent trapping campaign obtained new samples specifically for this study and was validated by the Animal Ethics Committee of the Hunan CDC. Because the methods did not include animal experimentation, it was not necessary to obtain an animal ethics license. Furthermore, none of the rodent species investigated in the present study are protected in China and none of the species captured are included in the China Species Red List.
Consent for publication {#FPar4}
=======================
Not applicable.
Competing interests {#FPar5}
===================
We have read and understood BMC Infectious Diseases policy on declaration of interests and declare that we have no competing interests.
Publisher's Note {#FPar6}
================
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
| {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Q:
combineReducers is overwriting state instead of setting up different states
I'm trying to learn Redux.
I have this action which fetches data:
export const FETCH_SUCCESS = "FETCH_SUCCESS";
import axios from "axios";
export const fetchData = () => {
return async dispatch => {
try {
const result = await axios(
`url`
);
dispatch({ type: FETCH_SUCCESS, payload: { result } });
} catch (error) {
console.log(error);
}
};
};
And this reducer:
import { FETCH_SUCCESS } from "../actions/mainCategories";
const initialState = {
mainCategories: []
};
const mainCategoriesReducer = (state = initialState, action) => {
switch (action.type) {
case FETCH_SUCCESS:
return { data: action.payload.result.data };
default:
return state;
}
};
export default mainCategoriesReducer;
I use this twice, one for the mainCategories and the exact same code for my subcategories but in different files, so that I can combine it in App.js like this:
import mainCategoriesReducer from "./store/reducers/mainCategories";
import subCategoriesReducer from "./store/reducers/subCategories";
const rootReducer = combineReducers({
mainCategories: mainCategoriesReducer,
subCategories: subCategoriesReducer,
});
const store = createStore(rootReducer, applyMiddleware(ReduxThunk));
I wrap the Provider with the stored store around my App:
<Provider store={store}>
<App />
</Provider>
In the components I use it like this:
import { fetchData } from "../store/actions/mainCategories";
const mainCategories = useSelector(state => state.mainCategories);
useEffect(() => {
dispatch(fetchData());
}, [dispatch]);
And the same for the subCategories but with the corresponding imports and states (state.subCategories)
Everything is working as expected. When the App loads, it fetches my mainCategories. I can navigate to my subcategories but when I go back, the mainCategories are overwritten by the subCategories.
It seems like the combineReducers merges / overwrites instead of creating the different states. What am I doing wrong? Thank you
A:
You need different type names to make this work. When you combine reducers, it's important that the app knows how to route your actions to the correct store. If you want to call them both FETCH_SUCCESS, I think that's fine, but add the path in front of the definition:
in your main categories actions file:
export const FETCH_SUCCESS = "mainCategories/FETCH_SUCCESS";
and in your subcategories actions file:
export const FETCH_SUCCESS = "subCategories/FETCH_SUCCESS";
That should work, but you may also need to rename the FETCH_SUCCESS variables if it's still not working.
| {
"pile_set_name": "StackExchange"
} |
Q:
Get iOS ID not FCM Id in Ionic 2 with Phonegap Push Plugin
I'm developing app in Ionic 2. I installed phonegap push plugin https://github.com/phonegap/phonegap-plugin-push to get notifications and get device ID.
When I'm in Android App the device ID of return is a GCM ID, but when I'm in iOS he return FCM Id, and I don't need that, I want get Push Plugin register:
This is example of my issue:
FCM Registration Token: cqs2H3ED5u8:APA91bEVQGi0SfbC1Yau1xN_PJB0SOmB50PgHMNG2zCqw4bzWfLruXfqKoIT7DeJnz5K37CqQLIs9F-CXfwurC-UhZjfLNUvnEfCZDpIleW_6xGZYZKokNcIPouGHdvdSnVMhHu6mITh
Push Plugin register success: <5c27c9a8 87e28030 735f8bc7 e27ab8de e6d6538f c9759e70 26c306a6 fa0ac2cc>
How to configure push plugin init to make this change?
A:
I open issue on Phonegap project. https://github.com/phonegap/phonegap-plugin-push/issues/1982
The answer was
“Yes, when you remove the GoogleService-Info.plist from iOS it uses APNS but as long as you keep delivering google-service.json it uses FCM. Actually, Android won't work without the google-service.json file”
If you want use APNS on iOS platform you have to remove GoogleService-info.plist (is optional on iOS and necessary on Android)
| {
"pile_set_name": "StackExchange"
} |
[Applications of mathematical statistics methods on compatibility researches of traditional Chinese medicines formulae].
The compatibility of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) formulae containing enormous information, is a complex component system. Applications of mathematical statistics methods on the compatibility researches of traditional Chinese medicines formulae have great significance for promoting the modernization of traditional Chinese medicines and improving clinical efficacies and optimizations of formulae. As a tool for quantitative analysis, data inference and exploring inherent rules of substances, the mathematical statistics method can be used to reveal the working mechanisms of the compatibility of traditional Chinese medicines formulae in qualitatively and quantitatively. By reviewing studies based on the applications of mathematical statistics methods, this paper were summarized from perspective of dosages optimization, efficacies and changes of chemical components as well as the rules of incompatibility and contraindication of formulae, will provide the references for further studying and revealing the working mechanisms and the connotations of traditional Chinese medicines. | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
} |
Q:
How to get the primary route, if it doesn't exist and we are being sent to 404 page
So basically I am trying to debug my routes, because they are not working as intended, but when using the profiler, I can see the URI string, which is basically the second part of URL in the browser address bar and CLASS/METHOD which are always of the 404 page that I am being redirected to. So how can I get the primary routes Class, Method and arguments/parameters that were attempted to run before being sent to 404?
E.g.
$route['en/catalog/(.+)/(.+)'] = "ccatalog/index/$1/$2";
something's gone wrong and I get redirected to the 404, but I want to see which class (most likely "ccatalog" here), which method (hopefully "index") and arguments ($1, $2).
Thank you in advance to anyone who could help me with my problem!
A:
Actually, this was done really easy:
$this->uri->rsegment(1);
| {
"pile_set_name": "StackExchange"
} |
Long-term follow-up of occlusion of the central retinal vein in young adults.
We did a long-term follow-up study of 42 patients aged 40 years and younger who had occlusion of the central retinal vein in order to learn its course and determine the frequency of related systemic disorders. Two groups of venous occlusion (complete and incomplete) were delineated by initial ocular findings. Final visual prognosis could not be predicted by the severity of the venous occlusion at the time of diagnosis. The presence of anomalous disk vessels closely correlated with a favorable prognosis in patients who had complete occlusion of the central retinal vein. None of the patients with incomplete central vein occlusion developed neovascular glucoma; three (14%) of the 21 patients with complete venous occlusion developed neovascular glucoma, which resulted in enucleation. Significant associated systemic maladies included cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus. An apparent correlation exists between occlusion of the central retinal vein and early death. | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
} |
Self-Driving Cars, Are They Coming to Our Roads?
If you are planning on buying a new 2017 vehicle, you might not know yet that it will come with connectivity. It will be able to communicate with other new models and they things like how fast the car is going, is it in its lane, and what direction it is headed. Don’t worry, after market updates won’t be far behind.
But that’s not the hot topic of the year, reports Richard Beaubien, PE, past International President of the Institute of Transportation Engineers. The hot topic today is self-driving cars, and when will they be available for all of us.
Beaubien says that estimates are three to 30 years, but some of the technology will be available in the not-too-distant future.
There’s no question about the need for better transportation for the disabled and aged.
But there are still many questions to consider. They are testing driverless cars in Michigan, primarily around Ann Arbor, where there are already 3,000 on the road communicating with each other and in the San Francisco Bay area.
But the testing has to start in a logical progression with a graduated system. First we engineers test on freeways. We started here because it’s the easiest situation to drive in because all the traffic is going in the same direction. It’s all moving about the same speed, and the road doesn’t really change shape quickly.
Then it’s on the boulevards, where we add cross traffic and traffic signals. “it’s comparatively easy.” Beaubien says of that condition.
But when you ramp up to driving in urban centers a whole new set of conditions are encountered. “Here everything is so compact, cars are coming from every which way and there’s all kinds of traffic with pedestrians and mixed intersections going on. This is the hardest kind of driving.”
When we think of rolling in self-driving vehicles, Beaubien says we think of roads that are easy to drive, and the weather is good, so bringing that technology there sounds possible. Of course, he adds, that rain can make this technology to handle. He wonders what snow will do to this technology, when lane lines are no longer visible. Some technology in expensive cars now being offered has trouble operating in inclement weather.
There’s no doubt that automated and connected cars have the potential to substantially reduce accidents. The vehicle can “see” nearby vehicles and know road conditions you cannot see. Crashes can be reduced or eliminated through driver advisories, driver warnings, and vehicle control.
There are, however, still ethical questions to be answered about all this new technology, Beaubien continues.
“Traffic is a social dance,” he observes, something he learned during over 40 years as a traffic engineer. Humans are pretty capable, he notes, and the question is how do we create robots for a human world?” Do we want a vehicle programmed not to exceed 55 mph when the rest of the traffic is going mph? Would your self-driving car strike a pedestrian rather than cross a double yellow line? And, there are definitely questions about cyber security of the vehicle’s computer.
“Finding the right balance between our personal interest and the needs of others is a finely calibrated human instinct driven by a sense of fairness, reciprocity, and common interest.” Beaubien says. | {
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
} |
Styling logs in browser console
28,118 reads
Few days back, I was just playing around with Facebook’s div elements to get an insight how the various html divs are structured, rendered and how they reacted on various interactions.
I opened the inspect element window and saw something which I never saw in console tab.
Image 1: Facebook.com screenshot with console tab on
Yes, custom styling of logs in console tab.
This is the perfect use case of styling logs to alert the naive users about the risk. I found this crazy and I started digging in and experimenting more about custom logs.
To add styles to logs, the method expects `%c` within the first argument of console.log() and it picks up the very next argument as CSS style for the %c pattern argument text. Try the following basic example now in this tab’s console window.
Image 2: Basic example for custom log
If you want to add multiple style, then simply add multiple %c text and add style arguments respectively.
Image 3: Custom log with multiple styles
Please note, there are two %c pattern text and hence two CSS style arguments. And the CSS arguments are picked up respectively from left to right.
Let’s mimic Facebook’s console log style.
Image 4: Facebook like danger message on console window
To achieve this, we need only the color of the text as red and its outline. And to get outline around the text we are going to add four text shadows with zero pixel blur. Read more about text shadow CSS style.
We can also generate the rainbow styled text, using the following CSS.
console.log('%c Rainbowww!', 'font-weight: bold; font-size: 50px;color: red; text-shadow: 3px 3px 0 rgb(217,31,38) , 6px 6px 0 rgb(226,91,14) , 9px 9px 0 rgb(245,221,8) , 12px 12px 0 rgb(5,148,68) , 15px 15px 0 rgb(2,135,206) , 18px 18px 0 rgb(4,77,145) , 21px 21px 0 rgb(42,21,113)');
Image 5: Rainbow styled CSS
The custom logs can be used in different scenarios depending on its importance. These styled logs are generally for a set of users who are curious enough to visit the console log window.
Pinterest.com has also made very good use of custom logs. Visit pinterest’s console window now and type joinUs() in console tab, it will redirect you to their career’s page.
Firebug has added custom logs in 2010 (click here) and Webkit engine has officially added this feature in 2012 (click here).
Tags | {
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
} |
Welcome to Vetting Bernie 2020. A project of The People's View, Vetting Bernie aims to expose why Bernie Sanders is unfit to be the Democratic nominee or to serve as president. At our parent site, ThePeoplesView.net, we have done extensive work vetting Bernie before, and Vetting Bernie 2020 will be the central place of battle.At Vetting Bernie 2020, we will curate, create, and aggregate content useful for fighting Bernie Sander's second attempt at disrupting, dividing and deluding Democrats and progressives. We won't get fooled again.Please visit our parent site at ThePeoplesView.net for a wealth of progressive content, research, and commentary on a wide variety of subjects. All rules and conditions of TPV applies to Vetting Bernie 2020. | {
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
} |
Effects of halogenated hydrocarbon anesthetics on responses to ligation of a coronary artery in chronically prepared rats.
Responses to ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery (blood pressure, heart rate, ECG, arrhythmias, myocardial tissue loss, and mortality) were investigated in chronically prepared rats anesthetized with one of various halogenated hydrocarbon anesthetics. Halothane (inhaled concentrations of 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0%) reduced arrhythmias, mortality, and "S-T" segment changes in the ECG in a dose-related manner. The most effective antiarrhythmic concentrations were 0.5 and 1.0%. Other halogenated hydrocarbon anesthetics (chloroform, enflurane, isoflurane, methoxyflurane, and trichlorethylene) were investigated at minimal anesthetic concentrations. Of these, only chloroform and enflurane reduced arrhythmias. However, both increased mortality as a result of nonarrhythmic causes. At one-half anesthetic concentrations, chloroform (0.25%) and enflurane (0.75%) were not antiarrhythmic and mortality resulting from nonarrhythmic causes was not increased. In the chronically prepared rat, halothane at anesthetic and subanesthetic concentrations has antiarrhythmic actions against ligation-induced arrhythmias, reducing mortality. Of the other halogenated hydrocarbons tested, only enflurane and chloroform had antiarrhythmic actions, however, mortality was high with both agents because of accompanying cardiovascular depression. | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
} |
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