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0b454c5c51733308a1ec6d4d7ca88d05
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Fair-Game-motion-picture-2010
Fair Game
Fair Game Wilson, in Fair Game (2010). The thriller was based on the 2003 scandal in which White House officials leaked the identity of Wilson’s wife—Valerie Plame, a covert CIA agent—in an alleged attempt to discredit his criticism of the U.S.-led Iraq War.
a485a03b14c87ef527280890f94979a2
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Fair-Margaret-and-Sweet-William
Fair Margaret and Sweet William
Fair Margaret and Sweet William …to Sweet William of “Fair Margaret and Sweet William” as he lies in bed with his bride, it is rather the dead girl’s image in a dream that kindles his fatal remorse. In addition to those ballads that turn on a supernatural occurrence, casual supernatural elements are found all…
668ff50eecf6c605f80d20febafc69d6
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Fair-Packaging-and-Labeling-Act
Fair Packaging and Labeling Act
Fair Packaging and Labeling Act …and for legal remedy; the Fair Packaging and Labeling Act, which required honest, informative, and standardized labeling of products; the Radiation Control for Health and Safety Act, which was designed to protect consumers from possible excess radiation generated by X-ray machines, tele...
b1ad63e882a3352444abbdecccb7c6ee
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Fair-Stood-the-Wind-for-France
Fair Stood the Wind for France
Fair Stood the Wind for France …published under his own name—Fair Stood the Wind for France (1944), about a British bomber crew forced down in occupied France, and two set in Burma (Myanmar) during the Japanese invasion, The Purple Plain (1946) and The Jacaranda Tree (1948)—earned Bates a new reputation as a novelist o...
7e20a75df5d194a39400d7416ffbf90c
https://www.britannica.com/topic/fair-trade
Fair trade
Fair trade Fair trade, global movement to improve the lives of farmers and workers in developing countries by ensuring that they have access to export markets and are paid a fair price for their products. Those objectives are often achieved by establishing direct trading relationships between small-scale producers in ...
a60005bf3ba2f46631da0328208b742a
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Fair-Trade-Act
Fair Trade Act
Fair Trade Act …United States when the California Fair Trade Act of 1931 was amended in 1933 to include a so-called nonsigners’ clause, whereby prices agreed upon by a manufacturer and contracting dealers were made binding upon all resellers. Influenced by the depressed markets of the 1930s, 44 states enacted similar l...
54aefb20e96f79165d69862c8b8c0d89
https://www.britannica.com/topic/fair-trade-law
Fair-trade law
Fair-trade law Fair-trade law, in the United States, any law allowing manufacturers of branded or trademarked goods (or in some instances distributors of such products) to fix the actual or minimum resale prices of these goods by resellers. The designation “fair-trade law” is peculiar to the United States; the practic...
aa644508bf16ed8892ed0be81381607e
https://www.britannica.com/topic/fair-trade-organization
Fair trade organization
Fair trade organization …Asia, and Latin America and fair trade organizations (FTOs) in the United States and Europe, thereby eliminating intermediary buyers and sellers. A subsidiary goal of the movement in developed countries is to increase consumer awareness of unjust and unfair international trade practices.
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https://www.britannica.com/topic/Fair-Trade-Original
Fair Trade Original
Fair Trade Original Wereldhandel, later renamed Fair Trade Original. In 1967 Fair Trade Original began purchasing products from producer groups in developing countries, initially importing wood carvings from the slums of Port-au-Prince, Haiti, and later establishing subsidiaries in West Germany, Austria, Switzerland, a...
b2cc974e9b24d3decb93d8a8e02791c1
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Fairfaxs-Devisee-v-Hunters-Lessee
Fairfax’s Devisee v. Hunter’s Lessee
Fairfax’s Devisee v. Hunter’s Lessee …a dispute over extensive lands, Fairfax’s Devisee v. Hunter’s Lessee (1813), the Supreme Court had reversed Virginia’s highest court and commanded it to enter a judgment in favour of the party originally ruled against. The Virginia court refused to obey the Supreme Court’s mandate,...
86cda4242aa6c60183ee8156aeed3cdd
https://www.britannica.com/topic/falafel
Falafel
Falafel Falafel, a staple Middle Eastern dish—and a popular street food around the world—that consists of fried spiced balls or patties of ground chickpeas or fava beans (or a mixture of both) stuffed into a pita or wrapped in laffa bread with hot sauce, tahini sauce, and generally some saladlike combination of tomato...
2608ba6725be750c2029604d68abfcc7
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Faliscan-language
Faliscan language
Faliscan language Faliscan language, an Italic language closely related to Latin and more distantly related to Oscan and Umbrian languages (qq.v.). Faliscan was spoken by the Falisci in central Italy in a small region northwest of the Tiber River. Falerii, the Faliscan capital, was destroyed by the Romans in 241 bc, a...
8a59c7bed9ceea7991b2ad6b8255789b
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Fallout-3
Fallout 3
Fallout 3 …2 (1998), for PCs, and Fallout 3 (2008), the first in the series to also be released for console systems, were also well received, cementing the franchise’s status as a classic in the RPG genre. Fallout has appeared on the all-time best games lists of a number of prominent gaming…
29e95c07f0e9095ac01baeaf9ef29472
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Fallout-electronic-game
Fallout
Fallout Fallout, electronic game released by American game developer Interplay Entertainment in 1997 for personal computers (PCs). Fallout contained many traditional role-playing game (RPG) elements, such as turn-based play and characters that evolve as experience is gained, but it added a variety of innovations that ...
4b8a258ee14d998a63ea9b901e7779d4
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Family-British-television-miniseries
Family
Family …Doyle wrote the BBC miniseries Family, which generated heated controversy throughout conservative Ireland. The program shed harsh light on a family’s struggle with domestic violence and alcoholism and portrayed the bleaker side of life in a housing project, the same venue he had used in the more comedic Barryto...
e1536583c6ee79a1c68217cd7c36b350
https://www.britannica.com/topic/family-law/Community-property
Community property
Community property A marital property system should try to balance two sets of interests: the interests of the spouses and the interests of third parties such as purchasers, creditors, and business partners. Community-property regimes emphasize the first but are less attractive in terms of the second, because the prope...
321a2d78efd9389e6a8cc64a354bb999
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Family-Sayings
Family Sayings
Family Sayings Lessico famigliare (1963; Family Sayings) is a novelistic memoir of her upbringing and career. Ginzburg’s novels of the 1970s and ’80s pessimistically explore the dissolution of family ties in modern society. …her own (Lessico famigliare [1963; Family Sayings]), handles fictional characters (Famiglia [19...
8ddf31b9c645f4a13b77f159a1cee146
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Family-Strife-in-Hapsburg
Family Strife in Hapsburg
Family Strife in Hapsburg Ein Bruderzwist in Habsburg (Family Strife in Hapsburg), a profound and moving historical tragedy, lacks the theatrical action that would make it successful in performance and is chiefly remarkable for the portrayal of the emperor Rudolph II. Much of Grillparzer’s most mature thought forms the...
f0046108443e198a99361989af818aa2
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Fan-Tan-card-game
Fan-Tan
Fan-Tan Fan-Tan, also called Sevens, orPlay And Pay, card game that may be played by any number of players up to eight. The full pack of 52 cards is dealt out, one card at a time. Thus, some hands may contain one more card than others. All players ante to a pool; in some games, those players who are dealt fewer cards ...
067e6762deff4fad2b35f90ebf95e544
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Fancy-Pants
Fancy Pants
Fancy Pants …and Sorrowful Jones (1949) and Fancy Pants (1950), both with Bob Hope. All of her comedies were box office successes, but they failed to make the most of her wide-ranging talents. Brunette (1947), The Paleface (1948), Fancy Pants (1950), The Lemon Drop Kid (1951), and Son of Paleface (1952). Several films ...
9f6d9f977a4010e71cd17340101c88f4
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Fanny-film-by-Logan
Fanny
Fanny Having adapted Marcel Pagnol’s comedy Fanny as a stage musical in 1954, Logan transferred the musical to film in 1961, with Boyer, Leslie Caron, and Maurice Chevalier in the lead roles. Both the film and the score were nominated for Academy Awards. Produced, directed, and cowritten by Logan, Ensign Pulver… …pictu...
26617373ad6586fb9f5669262959fc69
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Fanny-Hill-fictional-character
Fanny Hill
Fanny Hill Fanny Hill, fictional character, a London prostitute who is the protagonist of the novel Fanny Hill (1748–49) by English author John Cleland.
a18026d3df1c15079b156192ec76049a
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Fanny-Hill-novel
Fanny Hill
Fanny Hill Fanny Hill, in full Memoirs of Fanny Hill, erotic novel by John Cleland, first published in two volumes in 1748–49 as Memoirs of a Woman of Pleasure. An expurgated version published in 1750 chronicles the life of a London prostitute, describing with scatological and clinical precision many varieties of sexu...
ed495460b3ccc637062b7faee86faabf
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Fanny-play-by-Pagnol
Fanny
Fanny His next three comedies—Marius (1929), Fanny (1931), and César (1936), known as the Marseille trilogy—deal with the lives of a Marseille fishmonger, Fanny, her lover Marius who goes off to sea, César the father, and his friend Panisse. The salty language of the people and Pagnol’s ability to capture the…
29d3c431a05e2d7d8afd8e5a5d8d1e07
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Fantastic-Beasts-and-Where-to-Find-Them
Fantastic Beasts & Where to Find Them
Fantastic Beasts & Where to Find Them …Rowling wrote the companion volumes Fantastic Beasts & Where to Find Them (2001), which was adapted into a film series (2016, 2018) that featured screenplays by Rowling; Quidditch Through the Ages (2001); and The Tales of Beedle the Bard (2008)—all of which originated as books rea...
96cde4c287f0196861a5c43b1d19fb3b
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Fantastic-Four
Fantastic Four
Fantastic Four Fantastic Four, American team of comic strip superheroes, created by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby for Marvel Comics in 1961, that brought an element of realism to the genre unique for its time. A cornerstone of Marvel’s universe of characters, the Fantastic Four remains one of the most popular superhero team...
817c0ac93b6b68ed86c78b4008d14cc8
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Far-from-Heaven
Far from Heaven
Far from Heaven In Far from Heaven (2002), Haynes re-created the style of a Douglas Sirk melodrama to tell the tale of a seemingly perfect married couple in 1950s suburbia whose relationship is afflicted when the husband (Dennis Quaid) reveals to his wife (Moore) that he has been struggling… … in the Todd Haynes film F...
128d8d2b5a45073cf59060c23b776b1d
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Farb-Family-Portrait
Farb Family Portrait
Farb Family Portrait …significant painting from this period, Farb Family Portrait (1969–70), was the result of a new working technique. Starting with a slide of the family portrait, Flack projected the image onto the canvas to use as her guide for painting. This method relieved her of having to make preliminary drawing...
35fbc8498dc7f8c5d65f6b6d0ebd9213
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Fargo-American-television-series
Fargo
Fargo …of the TV anthology series Fargo. …drifter in the television series Fargo, an adaptation of the 1996 film by the Coen brothers, and a prosecutor in the melodrama The Judge. He then portrayed an American political operative hired to run the campaign of a Bolivian presidential candidate in Our Brand Is Crisis (201...
7d4968c930a0d0382f15212887a380e6
https://www.britannica.com/topic/farm-agriculture
Farm
Farm There were extended farmsteads in northern and western Europe with a development of enclosed compounds and elaborate field systems in Britain. In central Europe the extended farmsteads were in time supplemented by both unenclosed villages and defended hilltop sites, as was also the case in the area of… …producers ...
02161389e7a890f576317ef4509b062c
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Farm-Aid
Farm Aid
Farm Aid …and in 1985 he cofounded Farm Aid, which organized festivals to raise money for farmers. Nelson was a well-known and enthusiastic connoisseur of marijuana, and, after a few states legalized the drug’s sale and purchase, he launched (2015) a marijuana supply company, Willie’s Reserve. He penned several memoirs...
e6b0d9ebbaddf3f32ca616872fddf132
https://www.britannica.com/topic/farm-cheese
Farm cheese
Farm cheese …derived from cottage cheese is farm, or farmer, cheese, which is made by pressing the curd, thereby eliminating most of the liquid. It is drier than either cottage cheese or pot cheese and is crumbly in texture.
8e562ec344d9516d59a678ad2e790419
https://www.britannica.com/topic/farm-management/Basic-concerns
Basic concerns
Basic concerns A good farm manager is familiar with the legal description of the farm property for which he is responsible, location relative to other property, roads, markets, and sources of supply, the details of the field arrangement and farmstead layout, the farm’s capital position or relation of debts to assets, a...
eee7dff6d7fa62ba5f832e519342c641
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Farman-III
Farman III
Farman III Farman III, aircraft designed, built, and first flown by the French aviator Henri Farman in 1909. (See also history of flight.) In the early spring of 1909, Farman, the son of English parents living in France, ordered a new airplane from the French aeronautical pioneer Gabriel Voisin. Having earned enormou...
91e12762bdbc9444852c321528963e88
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Farmer-Labor-Party
Farmer–Labor Party
Farmer–Labor Party Farmer–Labor Party, in U.S. history (1918–44), a minor political party of Minnesotan small farmers and urban workers, which supported Robert M. La Follette in the 1924 presidential election and Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1932 and 1936. An outgrowth of the Nonpartisan League (q.v.), the Farmer–Labor P...
86ec1973b937b09cb1bed190ca969acc
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Farmers-Alliance
Farmers' Alliance
Farmers' Alliance Farmers’ Alliance, an American agrarian movement during the 1870s and ’80s that sought to improve the economic conditions for farmers through the creation of cooperatives and political advocacy. The movement was made up of numerous local organizations that coalesced into three large groupings. In the...
82919cc24f42dda193d5943e01f6c34f
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Farmers-Almanac
Farmer's Almanac
Farmer's Almanac Farmer’s Almanac, also called Old Farmer’s Almanac, American annual journal containing anecdotal weather prognostications, planting schedules, astronomical tables, astrological lore, recipes, anecdotes, and sundry pleasantries of rural interest, first published by Robert B. Thomas in 1792 for the year...
ca1edc2bedff98f2a40ab743fd135689
https://www.britannica.com/topic/farmhouse
Farmhouse
Farmhouse The basic requirements for the farmer’s family are about the same as those of the urban family, but certain features of the farmhouse depend on the farm life pattern. Because the farmer generally comes directly from the fields or the service buildings, with soiled…
bfd96f82427d7cf687e8ad5e8e3f026f
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Farnese-family
Farnese Family
Farnese Family Farnese Family, an Italian family that ruled the duchy of Parma and Piacenza from 1545 to 1731. Originating in upper Lazio, the family soon became noted through its statesmen and its soldiers, especially in the 14th and 15th centuries. The first of its most celebrated members was Alessandro (1468–1549),...
7d3f8c5af030d5ef9f76b10f9723de55
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Farnese-Hercules
Farnese Hercules
Farnese Hercules … was the original of the Farnese Heracles, signed by Glycon as copyist. The Glycon copy has many copies extant, including one in the Pitti Palace, Florence, with an inscription naming Lysippus as the artist. …marble copy known as the Farnese Hercules was found about 1546 ce and demonstrates the ancie...
115437c6cf7c76d22fb99063f986e704
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Farnsworth-House
Farnsworth House
Farnsworth House Farnsworth House, pioneering steel-and-glass house in Plano, Illinois, U.S., designed by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and completed in 1951. The structure’s modern classicism epitomizes the International Style of architecture and Mies’s dictum “less is more.” It is set on the floodplain of the Fox River a...
23cd6041f994269c6d3c4b818008defe
https://www.britannica.com/topic/farthingale
Farthingale
Farthingale Farthingale, underskirt expanded by a series of circular hoops that increase in diameter from the waist down to the hem and are sewn into the underskirt to make it rigid. The fashion spread from Spain to the rest of Europe from 1545 onward. The frame could be made of whalebone, wood, or wire. The shape was...
4832dc2f38894f43d3416f2d27a032b9
https://www.britannica.com/topic/fascism
Fascism
Fascism Fascism, political ideology and mass movement that dominated many parts of central, southern, and eastern Europe between 1919 and 1945 and that also had adherents in western Europe, the United States, South Africa, Japan, Latin America, and the Middle East. Europe’s first fascist leader, Benito Mussolini, took...
b09e7035d76941b2aa48c14dea43942d
https://www.britannica.com/topic/fascism/Neofascism
Neofascism
Neofascism Although fascism was largely discredited in Europe at the end of World War II, fascist-inspired movements were founded in several European countries beginning in the late 1940s. Similar groups were created outside Europe as well, primarily in Latin America, the Middle East, and South Africa. Like their fasci...
c2530cbaa846f4af3aad69a2f2d7fb87
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Fascist-Party
Fascist Party
Fascist Party Benito Mussolini’s Fascist Party of Italy was named for the fasces, which the members adopted in 1919 as their emblem. The Winged Liberty dime, minted in the United States from 1916 to 1945, depicts the fasces on its reverse side. Badoglio dissolved the Fascist Party, and on October 13 Italy declared war ...
998c4f95a29ed084078d87ff202d91d0
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Fast-and-Furious-6
Fast & Furious 6
Fast & Furious 6 …Furious (2009), Fast Five (2011), Fast & Furious 6 (2013), and Furious 7 (2015). The latter was especially successful, earning more than \$1.5 billion to become among the highest-grossing films of all time. The franchise continued to do well with The Fate of the Furious (2017). Diesel also tried his… ...
be530d7d26569d3b6432b62e58bfcd3a
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Fast-Five
Fast Five
Fast Five …for Fast & Furious (2009), Fast Five (2011), Fast & Furious 6 (2013), and Furious 7 (2015). The latter was especially successful, earning more than \$1.5 billion to become among the highest-grossing films of all time. The franchise continued to do well with The Fate of the Furious (2017). Diesel… …Fast and t...
f04978ba3dcdd9e2f5947a7bbcd9637a
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Fast-of-Tammuz
Fast of Tammuz
Fast of Tammuz Fast of Tammuz, a minor Jewish observance (on Tammuz 17) that inaugurates three weeks of mourning (see Three Weeks) that culminate in the 24-hour fast of Tisha be-Av. Though probably an adaptation of some pagan festival, the Jewish people have associated the fast with several unhappy historical events: ...
be9e6fb3ab29152bd3fb14685d7f5443
https://www.britannica.com/topic/fasti-Roman-calendar
Fasti
Fasti Fasti, (probably from Latin fas, “divine law”), in ancient Rome, sacred calendar of the dies fasti, or days of the month on which it was permitted to transact legal affairs; the word also denoted registers of various types. The fasti were first exhibited in the Forum in 304 bc by the aedile Gnaeus Flavius, who b...
75af0b28723b2e00eb32e4c4c065b65b
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Fat-Chair
Fat Chair
Fat Chair His Fat Chair of 1964, in which a potentially unstable mass of fat is banked up on a fixed geometric base, implying the possibility of dramatic change should the heating conditions change, is perhaps his most famous single sculptural object. Very often, though, his sculptures functioned…
4a1696efc6ea8c814e952c0915ea5f46
https://www.britannica.com/topic/fat/Synthesis-and-metabolism-in-living-organisms
Synthesis and metabolism in living organisms
Synthesis and metabolism in living organisms Formation of fats in seeds and fruits occurs late in the ripening process. Sugars and starches predominate in fruits, seeds, and sap in the unripe condition. These apparently are converted by enzymes during the maturing process to fatty acids and glycerol, which then form gl...
1dad040a400c77232d5b3ab715ac06fc
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Fata-Morgana-mirage
Fata Morgana
Fata Morgana Fata Morgana, mirage that appeared periodically in the Strait of Messina between Italy and Sicily, named in Italian after the legendary enchantress of Arthurian romance, Morgan le Fay.
40fec1731cb1d32f5c84f166d1846980
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Fate-of-a-Cockroach-and-Other-Plays
Fate of a Cockroach, and Other Plays
Fate of a Cockroach, and Other Plays …of Death”; English translation in Fate of a Cockroach, and Other Plays) is particularly noteworthy in this regard.
d95898cc2e17ca7b77e1177007751e7b
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Father-and-Son
Father and Son
Father and Son Father and Son, autobiography by Edmund Gosse, published anonymously in 1907. Considered a minor masterpiece, Father and Son is a sensitive study of the clash between religious fundamentalism and intellectual curiosity. The book recounts Gosse’s austere childhood, particularly his relationship with his ...
af5596e8881cdc4592eddf2313c812cc
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Father-Brown
Father Brown
Father Brown Father Brown, fictional character, a priest who is the protagonist of a series of detective stories by G.K. Chesterton. The character was based on a priest whom Chesterton had met who had acquired a deep understanding of human evil by listening to confessions. Father Brown appears clumsy and naive, with a...
3bd990b4b6526c1263140e77781f0988
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Father-of-the-Bride-Part-II
Father of the Bride Part II
Father of the Bride Part II …of the Bride (1991), and Father of the Bride, Part II (1995). …the 1950 classic comedy; and Father of the Bride II (1995).
ebede53487c1c9f8af37feab178f0c93
https://www.britannica.com/topic/fatwa
Fatwa
Fatwa Fatwa, in Islam, a formal ruling or interpretation on a point of Islamic law given by a qualified legal scholar (known as a mufti). Fatwas are usually issued in response to questions from individuals or Islamic courts. Though considered authoritative, fatwas are generally not treated as binding judgments; a requ...
70b5bd1f8c4703cf2bdd1ec805ba712c
https://www.britannica.com/topic/faun
Faun
Faun Faun, in Roman mythology, a creature that is part human and part goat, akin to a Greek satyr. The name faun is derived from Faunus, the name of an ancient Italic deity of forests, fields, and herds, who from the 2nd century bce was associated with the Greek god Pan.
a1d1fd86e602caf5800d9e0e01ff03ef
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Faust-opera
Faust
Faust Faust, opera in five (or sometimes four) acts by French composer Charles Gounod (French libretto by Jules Barbier and Michel Carré) that premiered in Paris on March 19, 1859. The work draws upon Johann Wolfgang von Goethe’s two-part play based on the German legend of a man who sells his soul to the Devil in exch...
2e2df7044ee3984eca7e600274cddf5e
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Faust-Symphony
Faust Symphony
Faust Symphony …specifically programmatic works—such as the Faust Symphony and some of his symphonic poems—are not often performed. In Liszt’s works without written program, notably the Piano Sonata in B Minor and his two piano concerti, similar types of moods are expressed in a style resembling that of the symphonic p...
7cb6fbc02b07fb403435bef0e3a7d72f
https://www.britannica.com/topic/fazenda
Fazenda
Fazenda Fazenda, large plantation in Brazil, comparable to the slave-based plantations of the Caribbean and the United States. In the colonial period (16th–18th century) the plantation owners (fazendeiros) ruled their estates, and the black slaves and freemen who worked them, with virtually no interference from the co...
4ab6277b063f85b6862e7d7016a6330e
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Feast-in-the-House-of-Levi
Feast in the House of Levi
Feast in the House of Levi …theme be changed to a Feast in the House of Levi. …The Pilgrims of Emmaus and Feast in the House of Levi—allowed him to compose large groups of figures in increasingly complex Renaissance architectural settings that attest to his knowledge of the works of the 16th-century Venetian architects...
8c31c81ea097378e7db9851ef17cf6f6
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Feast-of-Fools
Feast of Fools
Feast of Fools Feast of Fools, popular festival during the Middle Ages, held on or about January 1, particularly in France, in which a mock bishop or pope was elected, ecclesiastical ritual was parodied, and low and high officials changed places. Such festivals were probably a Christian adaptation of the pagan festivi...
a05a399ad7c7df6a8c2d14e7aea37ce4
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Feast-of-Saint-John
Feast of Saint John
Feast of Saint John The Feast of St. John (San Juan Ara), on June 24, is celebrated with traditional games, one of which includes walking on hot coals. The country’s Afro-Paraguayan community at Kamba Kua celebrates an annual music and dance festival. Throughout the country on August 1 it is…
bc2d889cda0cef72a30eb9b366f0cf85
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Feast-of-Saint-Joseph-the-Worker
Feast of Saint Joseph the Worker
Feast of Saint Joseph the Worker …Pope Pius XII established the Feast of St. Joseph the Worker on May 1 as a counter-celebration to the communists’ May Day.
8d6d531c71e639624e630a28c8e2c2c1
https://www.britannica.com/topic/feast-religion/Other-sacred-times
Other sacred times
Other sacred times Birth, puberty, marriage, and death have been times of sacred significance for peoples of all cultures from time immemorial. They signify changes in the status of a person’s being in terms of a person’s relationship with fellow members of his or her society and the realm of the sacred or holy that in...
2972c6fe31205689b03afb5083f3977a
https://www.britannica.com/topic/feast-religion/Times-of-seasonal-changes
Times of seasonal changes
Times of seasonal changes Before the development of agriculture, with its associations with solar and lunar calendars, ritual feasts were probably celebrated by hunters and gatherers of tubers and fruits. Paleolithic (Old Stone Age) peoples from about 30,000–10,000 bc as well as contemporary peoples such as the Aborigi...
ca46378090c9b38d73e673077ea2d664
https://www.britannica.com/topic/featherbedding
Featherbedding
Featherbedding Featherbedding, labour union practices that require the employer to pay for the performance of what he considers to be unnecessary work or for work that is not in fact performed or to employ workers who are not needed. The existence of featherbedding in any specific instance is usually disputed and dep...
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https://www.britannica.com/topic/Federal-Communications-Commission
Federal Communications Commission
Federal Communications Commission Federal Communications Commission (FCC), independent agency of the U.S. federal government. Established in 1934, it regulates interstate and foreign communications by radio, television, wire, satellite, and cable. Its standards and regulations apply only to the technical aspects, incl...
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https://www.britannica.com/topic/Federal-Deposit-Insurance-Corporation
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC), independent U.S. government corporation created under authority of the Banking Act of 1933 (also known as the Glass-Steagall Act), with the responsibility to insure bank deposits in eligible banks against loss in the event of a bank fa...
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https://www.britannica.com/topic/Federal-Election-Commission
Federal Election Commission
Federal Election Commission … court also found that the Federal Election Commission (FEC), which had been established in 1974 to administer and enforce FECA, was improperly constituted in violation of the appointments clause of the U.S. Constitution (Article II, Section 2, clause 2), because members of the commission w...
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https://www.britannica.com/topic/Federal-Judiciary-Act
Federal Judiciary Act
Federal Judiciary Act …the chief author of the Federal Judiciary Act of 1789, the principal basis ever since of the U.S. court structure.
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https://www.britannica.com/topic/Federal-Reserve-Act
Federal Reserve Act
Federal Reserve Act …passed the act creating the Federal Reserve System, which remains the most powerful government agency in economic affairs. A third victory came with passage of the Clayton Antitrust Act (1914), which strengthened existing laws against anticompetitive business actions and gave labour unions relief f...
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https://www.britannica.com/topic/Federal-Security-Force
Federal Security Force
Federal Security Force …around him, he formed the Federal Security Force (FSF), the principal task of which was his personal protection. In time, the FSF emerged as a paramilitary organization, and Bhutto’s demand for ever-increasing personal security raised questions about his governing style. It also opened rifts in ...
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https://www.britannica.com/topic/federalism
Federalism
Federalism Federalism, mode of political organization that unites separate states or other polities within an overarching political system in a way that allows each to maintain its own integrity. Federal systems do this by requiring that basic policies be made and implemented through negotiation in some form, so that ...
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https://www.britannica.com/topic/Federally-Administered-Tribal-Areas
Federally Administered Tribal Areas
Federally Administered Tribal Areas …the provinces, Pakistan has the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (seven agencies along the Afghan border, adjacent to Khyber Pakhtunkhwa), which ostensibly are overseen by agents responsible to the federal government; the Islamabad Capital Territory; and a number of tribal areas ...
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https://www.britannica.com/topic/Federation-Aeronautique-Internationale
Féderátion Aéronautique Internationale
Féderátion Aéronautique Internationale Féderátion Aéronautique Internationale (FAI), English International Aeronautical Federation, nongovernmental and nonprofit international organization that encourages and oversees the conduct of sporting aviation events throughout the world and certifies aviation world records. T...
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https://www.britannica.com/topic/Federation-Equestre-Internationale
Fédération Équestre Internationale
Fédération Équestre Internationale The Fédération Équestre Internationale and such member national organizations as the American Horse Shows Association regulate and promote the shows. …from these rules of the Fédération Équestre Internationale:
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https://www.britannica.com/topic/Federation-Internationale-de-Football-Association
FIFA
FIFA It later joined the Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) to formulate rules of international competition. Football’s governing body, the Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA), estimated that at the turn of the 21st century there were approximately 250 million football players...
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https://www.britannica.com/topic/Federation-Internationale-de-Volleyball
Fédération Internationale de Volleyball
Fédération Internationale de Volleyball The Fédération Internationale de Volley Ball (FIVB) was organized in Paris in 1947 and moved to Lausanne, Switzerland, in 1984. The USVBA was one of the 13 charter members of the FIVB, whose membership grew to more than 210 member countries by the late 20th century.
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https://www.britannica.com/topic/Federation-Internationale-Motocycliste
Fédération Internationale Motocycliste
Fédération Internationale Motocycliste …Internationale du Motocyclisme (renamed the Fédération Internationale Motocycliste [FIM] in 1949) created the international cup, uniting five nations: Austria, Denmark, France, Germany, and Britain. The first international cup race took place in 1905 at Dourdan, France. The race ...
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https://www.britannica.com/topic/Federation-of-Indian-Chambers-of-Commerce-and-Industry
Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry
Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI), association of Indian business organizations, dedicated to promoting the growth and global competitiveness of Indian businesses. Established in 1927, it is the oldest and largest business association ...
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https://www.britannica.com/topic/Federation-of-Korean-Industries
Federation of Korean Industries
Federation of Korean Industries …over as chairman of the Federation of Korean Industries (FKI). The FKI, which represented the interests of several hundred companies, was considered South Korea’s most powerful business organization. Kim tried to use his new position to help combat South Korea’s economic slump, the wors...
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https://www.britannica.com/topic/Federation-of-Labour-Exchanges
Federation of Labour Exchanges
Federation of Labour Exchanges Federation of Labour Exchanges, French Fédération des Bourses du Travail (FBT), federation of French workers’ organizations (bourses) established in 1892. The bourse was a combination of a labour exchange (dealing with job placement), a workers’ club and cultural centre, and a central...
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https://www.britannica.com/topic/Federation-of-the-Democratic-and-Socialist-Left
Federation of the Democratic and Socialist Left
Federation of the Democratic and Socialist Left …left-wing parties to form the Federation of the Democratic and Socialist Left (Fédération de la Gauche Démocrate et Socialiste). The alliance succeeded in keeping de Gaulle from an absolute majority in the first round of the 1965 election. In the first round of the June ...
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https://www.britannica.com/topic/Fedora-film-by-Wilder
Fedora
Fedora …little seen was the German-financed Fedora (1978), in which Holden played a producer who tries to coax a Greta Garbo-like actress (Martha Keller) out of retirement. Matthau and Lemmon were teamed by Wilder one last time in his final film, Buddy Buddy (1981), adapted by Wilder and Diamond from the…
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https://www.britannica.com/topic/feed-agriculture/Basic-types-of-feeds
Basic types of feeds
Basic types of feeds Animal feeds are classified as follows: (1) concentrates, high in energy value, including fat, cereal grains and their by-products (barley, corn, oats, rye, wheat), high-protein oil meals or cakes (soybean, canola, cottonseed, peanut [groundnut]), and by-products from processing of sugar beets, sug...
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https://www.britannica.com/topic/feed-agriculture/Minerals
Minerals
Minerals Minerals essential for animal life include common salt (sodium chloride), calcium, phosphorus, sulfur, potassium, magnesium, manganese, iron, copper, cobalt, iodine, zinc, molybdenum, and selenium. The last six of these can be toxic to animals if excessive amounts are eaten. All farm animals generally need mor...
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https://www.britannica.com/topic/feeder-fund
Feeder fund
Feeder fund …made possible largely through “feeder funds”—management funds that bundled moneys from other investors, poured the pooled investments into Madoff Securities for management, and thereby earned fees in the millions of dollars; individual investors often had no idea that their money was entrusted to Madoff. W...
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https://www.britannica.com/topic/Feeding-Frenzy-How-Attack-Journalism-Has-Transformed-American-Politics
Feeding Frenzy: How Attack Journalism Has Transformed American Politics
Feeding Frenzy: How Attack Journalism Has Transformed American Politics In Feeding Frenzy: How Attack Journalism Has Transformed American Politics (1991), Sabato criticized what he described as the media’s increasing focus on unflattering stories from the personal lives of politicians and candidates, corresponding to r...
51996549e4d7dc60364013f186cf31d3
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Feel-Free
Feel Free
Feel Free …collections Changing My Mind (2009), Feel Free (2018), and Intimations (2020). Grand Union, a volume of her short stories, was released in 2019.
857c0d24d4c72bcd904de8ace0607b18
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Feesten
Feesten
Feesten In his later work Feesten (1902; “Celebrations”), he appears more objective, describing scenes from lower-middle-class life; and in his autobiographical Jaapje (1917), Jaap (1923), and Jacob (1930), he shows his genius for impressionistic word-painting.
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https://www.britannica.com/topic/Feet-of-Flames
Feet of Flames
Feet of Flames …introduced the equally popular show Feet of Flames, which featured more than 100 dancers performing on a four-tiered stage. Flatley toured with different versions of the show through 2001. He continued to work as a creative director on new shows, and he oversaw the Lord of the Dance franchise with…
98b6e7e27e9981a64028459e1eb0a116
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Felicitas
Felicitas
Felicitas Felicitas, Roman goddess of good luck to whom a temple was first built in the mid-2nd century bc. She became the special protector of successful commanders. Caesar planned to erect another temple to her, and it was built by the triumvir M. Aemilius Lepidus. The emperors made her prominent as symbolizing the...
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https://www.britannica.com/topic/fellah
Fellah
Fellah …delta, where peasant agriculturists, the fellahin, have been less affected by intermarriage with outside groups. …mostly of peasant farmers (fellahin), can survive only by making the most careful use of the available land and water. …condition of the villagers (fellahin) in the agricultural districts. The tradi...
688b86e12f797948336da543ae7e09ef
https://www.britannica.com/topic/feminism
Feminism
Feminism Feminism, the belief in social, economic, and political equality of the sexes. Although largely originating in the West, feminism is manifested worldwide and is represented by various institutions committed to activity on behalf of women’s rights and interests. At its core, feminism is the belief in full soci...
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https://www.britannica.com/topic/feminism/The-fourth-wave-of-feminism
The fourth wave of feminism
The fourth wave of feminism Although debated by some, many claim that a fourth wave of feminism began about 2012, with a focus on sexual harassment, body shaming, and rape culture, among other issues. A key component was the use of social media to highlight and address these concerns. The new wave arose amid a number o...
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https://www.britannica.com/topic/feminism/The-second-wave-of-feminism
The second wave of feminism
The second wave of feminism The women’s movement of the 1960s and ’70s, the so-called “second wave” of feminism, represented a seemingly abrupt break with the tranquil suburban life pictured in American popular culture. Yet the roots of the new rebellion were buried in the frustrations of college-educated mothers whose...
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https://www.britannica.com/topic/Femme-Fatale
Femme Fatale
Femme Fatale …an audience, and the thriller Femme Fatale (2002) was a return to his earlier works. Directed and scripted by De Palma, it offered Antonio Banderas as a photographer and Rebecca Romijn-Stamos as a jewel thief. Although it drew praise from critics, it failed to register at the box office. The…
62bc9e3804177ec99794d62dbfe1b8c6
https://www.forbes.com/sites/angelicamarideoliveira/2019/01/10/quinto-andar-the-brazilian-startup-changing-the-rentals-market-plans-further-disruption/?sh=67e4cf015fa2
Quinto Andar: The Brazilian Startup Changing The Rentals Market Plans Further Disruption
Quinto Andar: The Brazilian Startup Changing The Rentals Market Plans Further Disruption Quinto Andar reduces renting timescales in Brazil from one month down to a few days. Getty After simplifying rental processes for tenants and landlords in Brazil with his startup Quinto Andar, Gabriel Braga plans to explore more pi...