REFERENCE_ID int64 273 7.3M | TITLE stringlengths 4 390 | AUTHORS stringlengths 5 1.43k ⌀ | YEAR int64 1.85k 2.02k ⌀ | ABSTRACT stringlengths 1 18.4k ⌀ | CITED int64 0 1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
50,476 | Neuronal nitric oxide synthase is associated with airway obstruction in BALB/c mice exposed to ozone | Jang, AS; Choi, IS; Lee, JU | 2,003 | Background: The functional role of nitric oxide (NO) an the various nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoforms in asthma is controversial. Objective: To investigate the role of NO in mice exposed to ozone, three known isoforms of NOS [inducible NOS (iNOS), neuronal NOS (nNOS), an endothelial NOS (eNOS)] were studied. Methods... | 0 |
52,879 | Ozonation of drinking water: part I Oxidation kinetics and product formation | Von Gunten, U | 2,003 | The oxidation of organic and inorganic compounds during ozonation can occur via ozone or OH radicals or a combination thereof. The oxidation pathway is determined by the ratio of ozone and OH radical concentrations and the corresponding kinetics. A huge database with several hundred rate constants for ozone and a few t... | 0 |
630,286 | Effect of climate change on isoprene emissions and surface ozone levels | Sanderson, MG; Jones, CD; Collins, WJ; Johnson, CE; Derwent, RG | 2,003 | The effect of climate change on vegetation, isoprene emissions and surface ozone levels was investigated using a global three-dimensional general circulation model coupled to a dynamic vegetation and chemistry models. Integrations for the 1990s and 2090s were performed. Isoprene emissions increased from 549 Tg yr?1 (19... | 1 |
52,174 | Understanding the effectiveness of precursor reductions in lowering 8-hr ozone concentrations | Reynolds, SD; Blanchard, CL; Ziman, SD | 2,003 | Analyses of ambient measured ozone data were used in conjunction with the application of photochemical modeling to determine the technical feasibility of attaining the federal 8-hr ozone standard in central California. Various combinations of volatile organic compound (VOC) and oxides of nitrogen (NOx) emission reducti... | 0 |
51,226 | Variability in surface ozone background over the United States: Implications for air quality policy | Fiore, A; Jacob, DJ; Liu, H; Yantosca, RM; Fairlie, TD; Li, Q | 2,003 | The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) presently uses a 40 ppbv background O3 level as a baseline in its O3 risk assessments. This background is defined as those concentrations that would exist in the absence of North American emissions. Lefohn et al. [2001] have argued that frequent occurrences of O3 concentra... | 1 |
43,638 | Daily surface UV exposure and its relationship to surface pollutant measurements | Barnard, WF; Saxena, VK; Wenny, BN; Deluisi, JJ | 2,003 | For the past 30 years, the stratospheric ozone layer has decreased in the Northern Hemisphere. The main effect of this ozone decrease was an expected increase in the UV radiation at the Earth's surface, but there has been no clear evidence of an increasing urban trend in surface UV. This study shows that specific air p... | 0 |
47,499 | Photochemical production of O3 in biomass burning plumes in the boundary layer over northern Australia | Takegawa, N; Kondo, Y; Ko, M; Koike, M; Kita, K; Blake, DR; Hu, W; Scott, C; Kawakami, S; Miyazaki, Y; Russell-Smith, J; Ogawa, T | 2,003 | #In situ aircraft measurements of ozone (O3) and its precursors were made over northern Australia in AugustuSeptember 1999 during the Biomass Burning and Lightning Experiment Phase B (BIBLE-B). A clear positive correlation of O3 with carbon monoxide (CO) was found in biomass burning plumes in the boundary layer (<3 km)... | 0 |
55,502 | Ozone, aerosol, potential vorticity, and trace gas trends observed at high-latitudes over North America from February to May 2000 | Browell, EV; Hair, JW; Butler, CF; Grant, WB; De Young, RJ; Fenn, MA; Brackett, VG; Clayton, MB; Brasseur, LA; Harper, DB; Ridley, BA; Klonecki, AA; Hess, PG; Emmons, LK; Tie, X; Atlas, EL; Cantrell, CA; Wimmers, AJ; Blake, DR; Coffey, MT; Hannigan, JW; Dibb, JE; Talbot, RW; Flocke, F; Weinheimer, AJ; Fried, A; Wert, B... | 2,003 | Ozone (O3) and aerosol scattering ratio profiles were obtained from airborne lidar measurements on thirty-eight flights over seven deployments covering the latitudes of 40 Degrees -85 Degrees N between 4 February and 23 May 2000 as part of the Tropospheric Ozone Production about the Spring Equinox (TOPSE) field experim... | 0 |
20,635 | Fine particle assessment (review draft) | null | 2,003 | American Petroleum Institute; California Air Resources Board; U.S. Department of Energy-Office of Science; Meteorological Service of Canada; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; Electric Power Research Institute; U.S. National Science Foundation; New York State Energy R and D Authority; U.S. National Oceanographic and... | 0 |
57,417 | Preindustrial-to-present-day radiative forcing by tropospheric ozone from improved simulations with the GISS chemistry-climate GCM | Shindell, DT; Faluvegi, G; Bell, N | 2,003 | Improved estimates of the radiative forcing from tropospheric ozone increases since the preindustrial have been calculated with the tropospheric chemistry model used at the Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) within the GISS general circulation model (GCM). The chemistry in this model has been expanded to includ... | 1 |
47,785 | Selective leaching of valuable metals from waste printed circuit boards | Oh, CJ; Lee, SO; Yang, HS; Ha, TJ; Kim, MJ | 2,003 | This study was carried out to recover valuable metals from the printed circuit boards (PCBs) of waste computers. PCB samples were crushed to smaller than 1 mm by a shredder and initially separated into 30% conducting and 70% nonconducting materials by an electrostatic separator. The conducting materials, which containe... | 0 |
57,111 | Health effects from stratospheric ozone depletion and interactions with climate change | De Gruijl, FR; Longstreth, J; Norval, M; Cullen, AP; Slaper, H; Kripke, ML; Takizawa, Y; Van Der Leun, JC | 2,003 | The potential health effects of elevated levels of ambient UV-B radiation are diverse, and it is difficult to quantify the risks, especially as they are likely to be considerably modified by human behaviour. Nevertheless epidemiological and experimental studies have confirmed that UV radiation is a definite risk factor... | 0 |
53,570 | Penetration of outdoor particles into a residence | Fugler, D | 2,003 | null | 0 |
53,539 | Health effects of ozone | Parmet, S; Lynm, C; Glass, RM | 2,003 | null | 0 |
55,331 | Establishing Ozone Critical Levels II: UNECE workshop report | Karlsson, PE; Sellden, G; Plaijel, H | 2,003 | null | 1 |
53,423 | Forecast, observation and modelling of a deep stratospheric intrusion event over Europe | Zanis, P; Trickl, T; Stohl, A; Wernli, H; Cooper, O; Zerefos, C; Gaeggeler, H; Schnabel, C; Tobler, L; Kubik, PW; Priller, A; Scheel, HE; Kanter, HJ; Cristofanelli, P; Forster, C; James, P; Gerasopoulos, E; Delcloo, A; Papayannis, A; Claude, H | 2,003 | A wide range of measurements was carried out in central and southeastern Europe within the framework of the EU project STACCATO (Influence of Stratosphere-Troposphere Exchange in a Changing Climate on Atmospheric Transport and Oxidation Capacity) with the principle goal to create a comprehensive data set on stratospher... | 0 |
195,348 | Deactivation and regeneration of titania catalyst supported on glass fiber in the photocatalytic degradation of toluene | You, YS; Chung, KH; Kim, YM; Kim, JH; Seo, G | 2,003 | Two titania photocatalysts supported on glass fiber (GF) were prepared by using anatase-type crystalline P25 powder and dilute titanium isopropoxide solution (DTS). Chemical compositions and characteristics of the surface of the P25/GF and DTS/GF catalysts were examined with an XPS method, and their activities in the p... | 0 |
53,985 | The airshed for ozone and fine particulate pollution in the eastern United States | Civerolo, KL; Mao, HT; Rao, ST | 2,003 | Abstract - To examine the spatial scales associated with atmospheric pollutants such as ozone (O3)and fine particulate matter (PM2.5), we employ the following five techniques: (1) Analysis of the persistence of high O3 concentrations aloft; (2) spatial and lag correlations between the short-term components (i.e.,wea... | 1 |
51,135 | Effect of acidic seed on biogenic secondary organic aerosol growth | Czoschke, NM; Jang, M; Kamens, RM | 2,003 | National Science Foundation. #Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) growth in the presence of acid aerosols was studied in twin 500 l Teflon bags and in a 4 m flow reactor. In Teflon bags, isoprene, acrolein and "alpha"-pinene were all made to react individually with ozone and exposed to either acid or non-acid inorganic see... | 0 |
43,286 | A 15-year climatology of stratosphere-troposphere exchange with a Lagrangian particle dispersion model: 2. Mean climate and seasonal variability | James, P; Stohl, A; Forster, C; Eckhardt, S; Seibert, P; Frank, A | 2,003 | European Commission. A comprehensive climatology of stratosphere-troposphere exchange (STE), based on 15 years of ECMWF global atmospheric reanalysis data for the period 1979-1993, has been carried out with a specially tuned version of the Lagrangian particle dispersion model, FLEXPART. The typical amplitudes, timescal... | 1 |
53,467 | Economic valuation of ozone-related school absences in the South Coast Air Basin | Hall, JV; Brajer, V; Lurmann, FW; Wu, J | 2,003 | Ozone levels in the South Coast Air Basin of Southern California have fallen substantially over the past decade, but the region continues to violate state and federal air quality standards on a significant number of days. The recent health literature reports associations between ozone and school absences, among other a... | 0 |
42,738 | State of the air: 2003 | null | 2,003 | N/A. | 0 |
2,452,003 | Rainfall, stemflow, and throughfall chemistry at urban- and mountain-facing sites at Mt. Gokurakuji, Hiroshima, Western Japan | Chiwa, M; Kim, DH; Sakugawa, H | 2,003 | Rainfall, stemflow, and throughfall were collected from 1996 to 1999 at two types of forest sites: (1) forests near the traffic roads and urban areas and (2) forests away from the urban areas at Mt. Gokurakuji, Hiroshima, western Japan in order to estimate the effects of anthropogenic activities on atmospheric depositi... | 0 |
53,338 | The Research Triangle Park particulate matter panel study: modeling ambient source contribution to personal and residential PM mass concentrations | Williams, R; Suggs, J; Rea, A; Sheldon, L; Rodes, C; Thornburg, J | 2,003 | The Research Triangle Park (RTP) Particulate Matter (PM) Panel Study represented a 1-year investigation of personal, residential and ambient PM mass concentrations across distances as large as 70 km in central North Carolina. One of the primary goals of this effort was to estimate ambient PM2.5 contributions to persona... | 0 |
80,108 | Terrestrial ecosystems increased solar ultraviolet radiation and interactions with other climatic change factors | Caldwell, MM; Ballare, CL; Bornman, JF; Flint, SD; Bjorn, LO; Teramura, AH; Kulandaivelu, G; Tevini, M | 2,003 | null | 0 |
47,493 | A comparison of Northern and Southern Hemisphere cross-tropopause ozone flux | Olsen, MA; Douglass, AR; Schoeberl, MR | 2,003 | #The downward flux of ozone across the midlatitude (30degree-60degree) tropopause is calculated using changes in potential vorticity (PV) and a statistical relationship between the PV changes and ozone flux. This approach separates dynamical aspects of transport from the seasonal cycle of ozone in the lowermost stratos... | 0 |
57,770 | A global simulation of tropospheric ozone and related tracers: Description and evaluation of MOZART, version 2 | Horowitz, LW; Walters, S; Mauzerall, DL; Emmons, LK; Rasch, PJ; Granier, C; Tie, X; Lamarque, JF; Schultz, MG; Tyndall, GS; Orlando, JJ; Brasseur, GP | 2,003 | We have developed a global three-dimensional chemical transport model called Model of Ozone and Related Chemical Tracers (MOZART), version 2. This model, which will be made available to the community, is built on the framework of the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Model of Atmospheric Transport and Che... | 0 |
55,193 | Global and seasonal variations of O3 and NO2 photodissociation rate coefficients | Mao, HT; Wang, WC; Liang, XZ; Talbot, RW | 2,003 | [i] The global and seasonal variations in the photodissociation rate coefficients (J values) of the reactions of ozone forming O(1D) (J(O1D)) and nitrogen dioxide forming O(3P)(J(NO2)) were investigated systematically with a focus on the troposphere. The corresponding mechanisms were studied through sensitivity model... | 0 |
53,009 | Responses of trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides) phytochemistry and aspen blotch leafminer (Phyllonorycter tremuloidiella) performance to elevated levels of atmospheric CO2 and O3 | Kopper, BJ; Lindroth, RL | 2,003 | This research was conducted at the Aspen FACE (Free Air CO2 Enrichment) site located in northern Wisconsin, U.S.A. where trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michaux) trees were exposed to one of four atmospheric treatments: elevated carbon dioxide (GO2; 560 pilL), elevated ozone (O3; ambient x 1.5), elevated CO2 and O... | 0 |
52,232 | 10Be/7Be tracer of atmospheric transport and stratosphere-troposphere exchange | Jordan, CE; Dibb, JE; Finkel, RC | 2,003 | The 10Be/7Be ratio is a sensitive tracer of atmospheric transport and stratosphere-troposphere exchange (STE). Data from five NASA aircraft field missions (PEM: West A and B, Tropics A; SONEX; and SUCCESS) have been assembled to produce the large data set of 10Be, 7Be, and their ratio collected to date (>300 samples). ... | 0 |
78,042 | Rapid measurement of indoor mass-transfer coefficients | Morrison, GC; Ping, Z; Wiseman, DJ; Ongwandee, M; Chang, H; Portman, J; Regmi, S | 2,003 | #Indoor air pollutant concentrations can be influenced by how rapidly species are transported to and from surfaces. Consequently, a greater understanding of indoor transport phenomena to surfaces improves estimates of human exposure to indoor air pollutants. Here, we introduce two methods of rapidly and directly measur... | 0 |
53,780 | Reduction of Norwalk virus, poliovirus 1, and bacteriophage MS2 by ozone disinfection of water | Shin, GA; Sobsey, MD | 2,003 | #Norwalk virus and other human caliciviruses (noroviruses) are major agents of gastroenteritis, and water is a major route of their transmission. In an effort to control Norwalk virus in drinking water, Norwalk virus reduction by bench-scale ozone disinfection was determined using quantitative reverse transcription (RT... | 0 |
53,784 | Intercontinental transport and its influence on the ozone concentrations over central Europe: three case studies | Trickl, T; Cooper, OR; Eisele, H; James, P; Mucke, R; Stohl, A | 2,003 | In this paper we report on a detailed analysis of the first clear observation of ozone import from North America in the free troposphere over central Europe in May 1996 and of two more recent cases of transatlantic transport. The analysis is based on calculations with the FLEXTRA trajectory model and the FLEXPART trace... | 0 |
47,519 | Aircraft observations of NO, NOy, CO, and O3 in the upper troposphere from 60 degrees N to 60 degrees S - interhemispheric differences at midlatitudes | Baehr, J; Schlager, H; Ziereis, H; Stock, P | 2,003 | Measurements of NO, NOy, CO, and O3 made in the middle and upper troposphere over Punta Arenas, Chile (53degreesS) and Prestwick, Scotland (55degreesN) during the INCA (Interhemispheric Differences in Cirrus Properties from Anthropogenic Emissions) experiment in 2000 are used to examine the interhemispheric differences... | 0 |
43,754 | Yield and nutritive quality of sericea lespedeza (Lespedeza cuneata) and little bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium) exposured to ground-level ozone | Powell, MC; Muntifering, RB; Lin, JC; Chappelka, AH | 2,003 | #Sericea lespedeza (Lespedeza cuneata cv. Interstate 76) and little bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium cv. Aldous) were raised from seed in a glasshouse, transplanted into 5.7-l pots and placed into open-top chambers (OTC) on 6 June 1999. Following a 7-day adjustment period, each of six OTCs (duplicate OTCs per treatmen... | 0 |
57,773 | A model for studies of tropospheric ozone and nonmethane hydrocarbons: model description and ozone results | Von Kuhlmann, R; Lawrence, MG; Crutzen, PJ; Rasch, PJ | 2,003 | We have developed a global three-dimensional chemistry-meteorology model for studies of ozone and hydrocarbons in the troposphere, called Model of Atmospheric Transport and Chemistry-Max-Planck-Institute for Chemistry Version (MATCH-MPIC). The model currently calculates the distributions of 54 species and 141 reactions... | 0 |
684,042 | The modelling of turbulence from traffic in urban dispersion models ? part II: Evaluation against laboratory and full-scale concentration measurements in street canyons | Kastner-Klein, P; Fedorovich, E; Ketzel, M; Berkowicz R; Britter, R | 2,003 | The paper addresses the problem of the parameterisation of traffic induced turbulent motion in urban dispersion models. Results from a variety of full-scale and wind-tunnel studies are analysed and interpreted within a modelling framework based on scaling considerations. The combined effects of traffic and wind induced... | 0 |
52,220 | Trend analysis of ground level ozone in the greater Vancouver/Fraser Valley area of British Columbia | Vingarzan, R; Taylor, B | 2,003 | #A multiple linear regression model incorporating meteorological parameters, annual cycles and random error due to serial correlation was used to investigate the annual and summer season ozone trends between 1985 and 2000 at five stations in the Greater Vancouver/Fraser Valley area of southern British Columbia. Results... | 0 |
52,433 | Overview and conclusions of the International Photolysis Frequency Measurement and Modeling Intercomparison (IPMMI) study | Cantrell, CA; Calvert, JG; Bais, A; Shetter, RE; Lefer, BL; Edwards, GD | 2,003 | An overview is given of the International Photolysis Frequency Measurement and Modeling Intercomparison (IPMMI) study which was held at the Marshall field site of the National Center for Atmospheric Research near Boulder, Colorado, for 4 days during the period 15-19 June 1998. The major objectives of the study were (1)... | 0 |
15,702 | National ambient air quality standards for ozone: Final response to remand | null | 2,003 | On July 18, 1997, in accordance with sections 108 and 109 of the Clean Air Act (Act), EPA completed its review of the national ambient air quality standards (NAAQS) for ozone (O3) by promulgating revised primary and secondary standards (62 FR 38856; henceforth, ??1997 final rule'). On May 14, 1999, the United States Co... | 0 |
57,477 | Measured solar ultraviolet radiation exposures of outdoor workers in Queensland in the building and construction industry | Gies, P; Wright, J | 2,003 | null | 0 |
195,339 | Effect of air-oxidation on the thermal diffusivity of the nuclear grade 2-dimensional carbon fiber reinforced carbon/carbon composite | Sogabe, T; Ishihara, M; Baba, S; Tachibana, Y; Yamaji, M; Iyoku, T; Hoshiya, T | 2,003 | 2D-C/C composite is one of the promising materials as a next-generation core material in gas-cooled reactors. Effect of air-oxidation on the thermal diffusivity of the 2D-C/C composite was investigated in this study. Tested composite consists of 6K plain-woven fabrics with PAN-based carbon fiber and graphite matrix. Fi... | 0 |
53,056 | Geology, climate, and vegetation of the Sierra Nevada and the mixed-conifer zone: an introduction to the ecosystem | Minnich, RA; Padgett, PE | 2,003 | The Sierra Nevada bioregion occupies over 6 million hectares, ranging in elevation from nearly sea level to the highest peaks in the contiguous United States. Vegetation patterns and landscape mosaics are the combined result of geography, climate patterns, and human-derived and natural disturbances. The western slope r... | 0 |
52,989 | Clover as a tool for bioindication of phytotoxic ozone--5 years of experience from southern Sweden--consequences for the short-term critical levels | Karlsson, GP; Karlsson, PE; Danielsson, H; Pleijel, H | 2,003 | Critical levels (CLs) for ozone effects on plants in Europe have been defined within the UN-ECE Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution, CLRTAP. The purpose of the short-term CLs is to ensure protection of all crops to acute ozone injury. The currently used CLs are based on the ozone exposure of the plants... | 0 |
57,119 | Changing epidemiology of malignant cutaneous melanoma in Europe 1953-1997: rising trends in incidence and mortality but recent stabilizations in western Europe and decreases in Scandinavia | De Vries, E; Bray, FI; Coebergh, JWW; Parkin, DM | 2,003 | We analyzed time trends in incidence of and mortality from malignant cutaneous melanoma in European populations since 1953. Data were extracted from the EUROCIM database of incidence data from 165 cancer registries. Mortality data were derived from the WHO database. During the 1990s, incidence rates were by far highest... | 0 |
121,254 | Diurnal and seasonal variabilities in surface ozone at a high altitude site Mt Abu (246degreesN, 727degreesE, 1680 m asl) in India | Naja, M; Lal, S; Chand, D | 2,003 | Measurements of surface ozone, CO, CH4 and oxides of nitrogen have been made at a high altitude site Mt Abu (24.6degreesN, 72.7degreesE, 1680m asl), India for the period 1993-2000. Diurnal patterns in ozone do not show daytime in situ photochemical buildup at this site throughout the year. On the contrary, lower ozone ... | 0 |
51,206 | Impact of biodiesel fuels on air quality and human health: task 2 report The impact of biodiesel fuels on ozone concentrations | Morris, RE; Mansell, GE; Jia, Y; Wilson, G | 2,003 | null | 0 |
110,447 | Measurements of sulfur dioxide and ozone dry deposition over short vegetation in northern China - A preliminary study | Sorimachi, A; Sakamoto, K; Ishihara, H; Fukuyama, T; Utiyama, M; Wang, W; Tang, DG; Dong, XH; Quan, H | 2,003 | We measured dry deposition fluxes Of SO2 and O-3 Over a field covered mostly with short grass in a suburb of Beijing during late summer and early winter. as an initiatory attempt to obtain information on dry deposition in northern China. The measurement was based on a micrometeorological gradient method, and only the d... | 0 |
94,432 | UV doses of young adults | Godar, DE; Urbach, F; Gasparro, FP; Van Der Leun, JC | 2,003 | Since 1986, people have been informed that they get about 80% of their lifetime ultraviolet (UV) dose by the age of 18. This belief originated from the mathematical conclusion that diligent use of sunscreens (sun protection factor 15 or higher) during the first 18 years of life would reduce the lifetime incidence of no... | 0 |
53,081 | Interactive effect of springtime frost and elevated ozone on early growth, foliar injuries and leaf structure of birch (Betula pendula) | Prozherina, N; Freiwald, V; Rousi, M; Oksanen, E | 2,003 | Summary
* Impacts of ozone and late frost on six birch (Betula pendula) genotypes from south-eastern Finland were studied in an 8-wk chamber experiment.
* The plants were measured for bud burst, growth, visible foliar injuries caused by ozone and frost, structural leaf properties and changes in chloroplasts.
* Ozone de... | 0 |
57,219 | OH and HO2 concentrations, sources, and loss rates during the Southern Oxidants study in Nashville, Tennessee, summer 1999 | Martinez, M; Harder, H; Kovacs, TA; Simpas, JB; Bassis, J; Lesher, R; Brune, WH; Frost, GJ; Williams, EJ; Stroud, CA; Jobson, BT; Roberts, JM; Hall, SR; Shetter, RE; Wert, B; Fried, A; Alicke, B; Stutz, J; Young, VL; White, AB; Zamora, RJ | 2,003 | OH and HO(2) mixing ratios and total OH reactivity were measured together with photolysis frequencies, NO(x), O(3), many VOCs, and other trace gases during the midsummer 1999 SOS campaign in Nashville, Tennessee. These measurements provided an excellent opportunity to study OH and HO(2) (collectively called HO(x)), and... | 0 |
49,195 | Epidemiologic evidence for different roles of ultraviolet A and B radiation in melanoma mortality rates | Garland, CF; Garland, FC; Gorham, ED | 2,003 | PURPOSE: The action spectrum of ultraviolet radiation mainly responsible for melanoma induction is unknown, but evidence suggests it could be ultraviolet A (UVA), which has a different geographic distribution than ultraviolet B (UVB). This study assessed whether melanoma mortality rates are more closely related to the ... | 0 |
57,256 | Sources and chemistry of nitrogen oxides over the tropical Pacific | Staudt, AC; Jacob, DJ; Ravetta, F; Logan, JA; Bachiochi, D; Krishnamurti, TN; Sandholm, ST; Ridley, BA; Singh, HB; Talbot, B | 2,003 | We examine the sources and chemistry affecting nitrogen oxides (NOx=NO+NO2) over the tropical Pacific (30-S-20-N) using observations from the Pacific Exploratory Mission to the Tropics B (PEM-Tropics B) aircraft mission conducted in March-April 1999. A global model of tropospheric chemistry driven by assimilated meteor... | 0 |
147,230 | Photochemical modeling and analysis of meteorological parameters during ozone episodes in Kaohsiung, Taiwan | Chen, KS; Ho, YT; Lai, CH; Chou, YM | 2,003 | The events of high ozone concentrations and meteorological conditions covering the Kaohsiung metropolitan area were investigated based on data analysis and model simulation. A photochemical grid model was employed to analyze two ozone episodes in autumn (2000) and winter (2001) seasons, each covering three consecutive ... | 0 |
144,234 | Photochemical ozone formation in north west Europe and its control | Derwent, RG; Jenkin, ME; Saunders, SM; Pilling, MJ; Simmonds, PG; Passant, NR; Dollard, GJ; Dumitrean, P; Kent, A | 2,003 | A photochemical trajectory model together with a Master Chemical Mechanism and a highly speciated emission inventory for organic compounds have been used to describe the formation of ozone in north west Europe and to identify the most prolific ozone-forming organic compounds. Observations are reviewed to assess the imp... | 0 |
80,113 | A biological spectral weighting function for ozone depletion research with higher plants | Flint, SD; Caldwell, MM | 2,003 | null | 0 |
57,769 | Global surface ultraviolet radiation intensity may modulate the clinical and immunologic expression of autoimmune muscle disease | Okada, S; Weatherhead, E; Targoff, IN; Wesley, R; Miller, FW; International Myositis Collaborative Study Group | 2,003 | #Objective. To determine if geoclimatic factors may influence the nature and frequency of dermatomyositis (DM), polymyositis, and associated autoantibodies around the world. Methods. We assessed, in the first global evaluation of these conditions, the relationship between 13 geoclimatic variables that may modulate dise... | 0 |
81,017 | Four years of ozone exposure at high or low phosphorus reduced biomass in Norway spruce | Ottosson, S; Wallin, G; Skarby, L; Karlsson, PE; Medin, EL; Rantfors, M; Pleijel, H; Sellden, G | 2,003 | Saplings of one clone of Norway spruce (Picea abies) were planted in pots and exposed to charcoal filtered (CF) air, non-filtered (NF) air or NF air plus extra ozone (NF+; ambient I 1.4) in open-top chambers (OTCs). The lowest and highest ozone concentrations were combined with low phosphorus (LP) supply. Ambient air p... | 0 |
52,976 | Ozone uptake by ponderosa pine in the Sierra Nevada: a measurement perspective | Goldstein, AH; Kurpius, MR; Panek, JA | 2,003 | Measurements of ozone (O3) deposition to sensitive forested ecosystems are needed to understand the processes controlling deposition, to quantify the physiologically relevant fraction of the total deposition, and to provide data sets for developing and testing deposition models. Ozone deposition to an ecosystem can occ... | 0 |
54,089 | Air emissions from animal feeding operations: current knowledge and future needs | null | 2,003 | null | 0 |
57,063 | The influence of clouds on surface UV erythemal irradiance | Alados-Arboledas, L; Alados, I; Foyo-Moreno, I; Olmo, FJ; Alcantara, A | 2,003 | #The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of clouds on the ultraviolet erythemal irradiance. The study was developed at three stations in the Iberian Peninsula: Madrid and Murcia, using data recorded in the period 2000-2001, and Zaragoza, using data recorded in 2001. In order to determine the cloud effect on ... | 0 |
51,239 | Transport pathways for Asian pollution outflow over the Pacific: interannual and seasonal variations | Liu, H; Jacob, DJ; Bey, I; Yantosca, RM; Duncan, BN; Sachse, GW | 2,003 | The meteorological pathways contributing to Asian pollution outflow over the Pacific are examined with a global three-dimensional model analysis of CO observations from the Transport and Chemical Evolution over the Pacific (TRACE-P) aircraft mission (February-April 2001). The model is used also to place the TRACE-P obs... | 0 |
49,824 | Air pollution effects in the elderly: introduction | Decramer, M; Loddenkemper, R; Boe, J; Roca, J; Zelter, M | 2,003 | null | 0 |
51,732 | The effect of concurvity in generalized additive models linking mortality to ambient particulate matter | Ramsay, TO; Burnett, RT; Krewski, D | 2,003 | In recent years, a number of studies have applied generalized additive models to time series data to estimate associations between exposure to air pollution and cardiorespiratory morbidity and mortality. If concurvity, the nonparametric analogue of multicollinearity, is present in the data, statistical software such as... | 0 |
72,539 | Dry deposition of airborne trace metals on the Los Angeles Basin and adjacent coastal waters | Lu, R; Turco, RP; Stolzenbach, K; Friedlander | 2,003 | We present an assessment of the deposition rates of airborne trace metals onto the Los Angeles Basin and adjacent coastal waters. For this purpose, the UCLA Surface Meteorology and Ozone Generation (SMOG) air pollution modeling system has been used to simulate the geographical distributions of trace metals and their de... | 0 |
52,216 | The tropospheric degradation of isoprene: an updated module for the regional atmospheric chemistry mechanism | Geiger, H; Barnes, I; Bejan, I; Benter, T; Spittler, M | 2,003 | A highly condensed reaction scheme for the tropospheric oxidation of isoprene is presented. This mechanism was implemented into the regional atmospheric chemistry mechanism (RACM), which is an established chemical module for regional air quality modelling but contains an isoprene chemistry which is no longer state-of-t... | 0 |
42,552 | Infant susceptibility of mortality to air pollution in Seoul, South Korea | Ha, EH; Lee, JT; Kim, H; Hong, YC; Lee | 2,003 | OBJECTIVE: Susceptibility of target populations to air pollution is an important issue, because air pollution policies and standards should be based on the susceptibilities of those at particular risk. To evaluate which age group is more susceptible to the adverse health effects of air pollution, we compared the effect... | 1 |
47,521 | Saharan dust storms and indirect aerosol effects on clouds: CRYSTAL-FACE results | Sassen, K; Demott, PJ; Prospero, JM; Poellot, MR | 2,003 | #A recent field experiment in southern Florida using aircraft and polarization lidar shows that mineral dust particles transported from Saharan Africa are effective ice nuclei, apparently capable of glaciating a mildly supercooled (-5.2degrees to -8.8degreesC) altocumulus cloud. These results are similar to those from ... | 0 |
57,260 | Evaluation of transport in the lower tropical stratosphere in a global chemistry and transport model | Douglass, AR; Schoeberl, MR; Rood, RB; Pawson, S | 2,003 | Off-line chemistry and transport models (CTMs) use meteorological information from a general circulation model (GCM) or from a data assimilation system (DAS) to calculate the evolution of stratospheric constituents. Here constituent fields from two CTM simulations are compared with each other and with observations from... | 0 |
92,061 | Carbon-silicon interactions | Ittekot, V | 2,003 | null | 0 |
47,758 | A northern hemispheric climatology of cross-tropopause exchange for the ERA 15 time period (1979-1993) | Sprenger, M; Wernli, H | 2,003 | A 15-year climatology of cross-tropopause exchange in the extratropical Northern Hemisphere is presented based upon a previously developed Lagrangian methodology and reanalysis data from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) for the years 1979-1993. For this time period, no apparent trends exis... | 0 |
53,675 | Life cycle assessment of gasoline blending options | Mata, TM; Smith, RL; Young, DM; Costa, CAV | 2,003 | A life cycle assessment has been done to compare the potential environmental impacts of various gasoline blends that meet octane and vapor pressure specifications. The main blending components of alkylate, cracked gasoline, and reformate have different octane and vapor pressure values as well as different potential env... | 0 |
51,271 | Air quality criteria for ozone and related photochemical oxidants | null | 2,003 | null | 0 |
52,377 | Heterogeneous conversion of NO2 on secondary organic aerosol surfaces: a possible source of nitrous acid (HONO) in the atmosphere? | Broske, R; Kleffmann, J; Wiesen, P | 2,003 | The heterogeneous conversion of NO2 on different secondary organic aerosols (SOA) was investigated with the focus on a possible formation of nitrous acid (HONO). In one set of experiments different organic aerosols were produced in the reactions of O3 with a-pinene, limonene or catechol and OH radicals with toluene or ... | 0 |
46,920 | Reactive uptake of ozone on mineral oxides and mineral dusts | Michel, AE; Usher, CR; Grassian, VH | 2,003 | #A Knudsen cell apparatus was used to measure the heterogeneous reactive uptake of ozone on mineral oxide powders at 296 K. Commercially available powders including "alpha"-Al2O3, "alpha"-Fe2O3, SiO2 and kaolinite were investigated as well as two different authentic mineral dusts, China loess and Saharan sand. Initial ... | 0 |
90,203 | Passive samplers for NOx monitoring: a critical review | Varshney, CK; Singh, AP | 2,003 | #Nitrogen oxide is an important gaseous air pollutant. It plays a major role in atmospheric chemistry, particularly in the formation of secondary air pollutants such as ozone, peroxyacyl nitrate (PAN), nitrate aerosols, and contributes to environmental acidification. A comprehensive assessment of NO2 levels in the atmo... | 0 |
48,394 | The impact of road traffic on global tropospheric ozone | Granier, C; Brasseur, GP | 2,003 | Model calculations suggest that the emissions by road traffic (passenger vehicles and trucks) of ozone precursors (NOx, CO, hydrocarbons) have a substantial impact on the concentration of tropospheric ozone at the regional scale in the boundary layer and at the hemispheric scale in the free troposphere. Increases in th... | 0 |
57,259 | Comparison of the EMEP, RADM2 and RACM mechanisms | Gross, A; Stockwell, WR | 2,003 | A comparison of the atmospheric chemistry mechanisms EMEP (Co-operative Programme for Monitoring and Evaluation of the Long-Range Transmission of Air Pollutants in Europe), RADM2 (Regional Acid Deposition Model, version 2) and RACM (Regional Atmospheric Chemistry Mechanism) has been conducted. Each mechanism was used t... | 0 |
47,910 | Uptake of reactive nitrogen on cirrus cloud particles in the upper troposphere and lowermost stratosphere | Kondo, Y; Toon, OB; Irie, H; Gamblin, B; Koike, M; Takegawa, N; Tolbert, MA; Hudson, PK; Viggiano, AA; Avallone, LM; Hallar, AG; Anderson, BE; Sachse, GW; Vay, SA; Hunton, DE; Ballenthin, JO; Miller, TM | 2,003 | NOy (total reactive nitrogen) contained in ice particles was measured on board the NASA DC-8 aircraft in the Arctic in January and March 2000. During some of the flights, the DC-8 encountered widespread cirrus clouds. Large quantities of ice particles were observed at 8u12 km and particulate NOy showed large increases.... | 0 |
55,217 | Agroecosystem responses to combinations of elevated CO2, ozone, and global climate change | Fuhrer, J | 2,003 | Global climate change, caused by increased emissions of greenhouse gases, is likely to affect agroecosystems in many ways, but the outcome, for instance, as a shift in productivity, depends on the combined effects of climate (temperature, precipitation) and other global change components. The focus of this review is on... | 0 |
42,549 | Effect of short-term exposure to gaseous pollution on asthma hospitalisation in children: a bi-directional case-crossover analysis | Lin, M; Chen, Y; Burnett, RT; Villeneuve, PJ; Krewski, D | 2,003 | Study objective: Assess associations between short-term exposure to gaseous pollutants and asthma hospitalisation among boys and girls 6 to l2 years of age. Design: A bi-directional case-crossover analysis was used. Conditional logistic regression models were fitted to the data for boys and girls separately. Exposures ... | 0 |
51,160 | Model simulation of effects of changes in climate and atmospheric CO2 and O3 on tuber yield potential of potato (cv Bintje) in the European Union | Wolf, J; Van Oijen, M | 2,003 | A simple simulation model for potato growth was improved on the basis of the experimental results from the EU-project CHIP. To test if the model works well for the different CO2 and O3 treatments under a range of environmental conditions in the EU, the experimental results from all treatments at the sites within this p... | 0 |
1,248,219 | Air quality effects of using reformulated and oxygenated gasoline fuel blends: application to the Strasbourg area (F) | Vinuesa, JF; Mirabel, P; Ponche, JL | 2,003 | The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of the use of reformulated and oxygenated gasoline fuel blends on the air quality of an European city. The oxygenated compound added is the ethyl-t-butyl ether (ETBE). To perform this study, a numerical modeling approach has been chosen and the impacts of these fuel blen... | 0 |
51,123 | Mixture state of individual Asian dust particles at a coastal site of Qingdao, China | Zhang, D; Zang, J; Shi, G; Iwasaka, Y; Matsuki, A; Trochkine, D | 2,003 | #In order to investigate the characteristics of Asian dust particles before they leave the continent, particles were collected at a coastal site of Qingdao (120 degrees 27'E, 36 degrees 06'N) in northeastern China during three dust storm events in spring 2001. The elemental composition and size of individual dust parti... | 0 |
42,026 | Acute effects of winter air pollution on respiratory function in schoolchildren in southern England | Peacock, JL; Symonds, P; Jackson, P; Bremner, SA; Scarlett, JF; Strachan, DP; Anderson, HR | 2,003 | AIM: To investigate the acute health effects of winter outdoor air pollution (nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (03), sulphur dioxide (SO2), sulphate (SO4(2-)) ,and particles (PM10) on schoolchildren in an area of southern England where levels of SO2 had been reported to be high. METHODS: A total of 179 children, aged 7-13... | 0 |
53,491 | Measurement of solar UVB variations by polysulphone film | Kollias, N; Baqer, A; Sadiq, I; Gillies, R; Ou-Yang, H | 2,003 | Sheets of polysulphone film have been extensively used as detectors to monitor solar UVB radiation. The advantages of polysulphone detectors are that they are small in size, they have good thermal stability and they are sensitive to UVB radiation. The principal disadvantage of polysulphone detectors is that their spect... | 0 |
51,229 | Analysis of 1970-1995 trends in tropospheric ozone at Northern Hemisphere midlatitudes with the GEOS-CHEM model | Fusco, AC; Logan, JA | 2,003 | The causes of trends in tropospheric ozone at Northern Hemisphere midlatitudes from 1970 to 1995 are investigated with the GEOS-CHEM model, a global three-dimensional model of the troposphere driven by assimilated meteorological observations from the Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS). This model is used to investig... | 1 |
51,125 | Gas-phase ozonolysis of "alpha"-pinene: gaseous products and particle formation | Berndt, T; Boge, O; Stratmann, F | 2,003 | The gas-phase ozonolysis of "alpha"-pinene has been studied in a stopped-flow system at 295?2 K and 950 mbar of synthetic air as well as under flow conditions at 295?0.5 K and 1000 mbar of synthetic air. Gaseous products were analyzed using on-line GC-MS/FID and FT-IR measurements. The formation of new particles (dp>/=... | 0 |
35,576 | Plasticity in respiratory motor control: selected contribution: neuroplasticity in nucleus tractus solitarius neurons following episodic ozone exposure in infant primates | Chen, CY; Bonham, AC; Plopper, CG; Joad, JP | 2,003 | Acute ozone exposure evokes adverse respiratory responses, particularly in children. With repeated ozone exposures, however, despite the persistent lung inflammation and increased sensory nerve excitability, the CNS reflex responses, i.e. rapid shallow breathing and decreased lung function, adapt, suggesting changes in... | 0 |
628,616 | Substance P released from intrinsic airway neurons contributes to ozone-enhanced airway hyperresponsiveness in ferret trachea | Wu, ZX; Satterfield, BE; Dey, RD | 2,003 | Exposure to ozone (O3) induces airway hyperresponsiveness mediated partly through the release of substance P (SP) from nerve terminals in the airway wall. Although substantial evidence suggests that SP is released by sensory nerves, SP is also present in neurons of airway ganglia. The purpose of this study was to inves... | 1 |
55,736 | [Memorandum to Joe Pinto regarding percentiles of 1996-2000 ozone concentrations] | Langstaff, J | 2,003 | null | 0 |
53,454 | Modelling of the photooxidation of toluene: conceptual ideas for validating detailed mechanisms | Wagner, V; Jenkin, ME; Saunders, SM; Stanton, K; Wirtz, M; Pilling, J | 2,003 | #Toluene photooxidation is chosen as an example to examine how simulations of smog-chamber experiments can be used to unravel shortcomings in detailed mechanisms and to provide information on complex reaction systems that will be crucial for the design of future validation experiments. The mechanism used in this study ... | 0 |
78,007 | Experiments probing the influence of air exchange rates on secondary organic aerosols derived from indoor chemistry | Weschler, CJ; Shields, HC | 2,003 | #Reactions between ozone and terpenes have been shown to increase the concentrations of submicron particles in indoor settings. The present study was designed to examine the influence of air exchange rates on the concentrations of these secondary organic aerosols as well as on the evolution of their particle size distr... | 0 |
53,785 | Observational- and modeling-based budget of lightning-produced NOx in a continental thunderstorm | Skamarock, WC; Dye, JE; Defer, E; Barth, MC; Stith, JL; Ridley, BA; Baumann, K | 2,003 | NOx transport and production by lightning for the 10 July 1996 Stratosphere-Troposphere Experiment-Radiation, Aerosols, and Ozone convective storm is examined using radar, in situ observations and cloud model simulations. Observations and model simulations indicate that most of the NOx produced by the storm was transpo... | 0 |
56,539 | Total Risk Integrated Methodology TRIMExpo(Inhalation) user's document Volume I: air pollutants exposure model (APEX, version 3) user's guide | null | 2,003 | null | 0 |
44,262 | Processing of unsaturated organic acid films and aerosols by ozone | Eliason, TL; Aloisio, S; Donaldson, DJ; Cziczo, DJ; Vaida, V | 2,003 | For any organic-containing aerosol, the species present at the particle's surface are extremely susceptible to oxidation by atmospheric oxidants, such as OH, halogen atoms, ozone and nitrogen trioxide. In this work, thin films and pure organic aerosols were investigated as proxies for these surface organic compounds. T... | 0 |
114,674 | Ozone transport by mesoscale and diurnal wind circulations across southern California | Rosenthal, JS; Helvey, RA; Battalino, TE; Fisk, C; Greiman, PW | 2,003 | This paper reviews sea level and elevated surface observations from Point Mugu and nearby Laguna Peak in southern Ventura County, rawin/ozonesonde data from Point Mugu, and aircraft measurements in the coastal zone and offshore obtained in support of the SCOS97-NARSTO effort. Streamline analyses of SCOS97-NARSTO wind d... | 0 |
80,126 | Why are patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease at increased risk of cardiovascular diseases? | Sin, DD; Man, SFP | 2,003 | BACKGROUND: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) increases the risk of cardiovascular disease 2- to 3-fold. The factors responsible for this association remain largely unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS: We analyzed data from participants, > or =50 years of age, of the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination ... | 0 |
54,145 | Empirical evidence for the low- and high-NOx photochemical regimes of sulfate and nitrate formation | Stein, AF; Lamb, D | 2,003 | #The formation of sulfate and nitrate in eastern North America is chemically linked to the abundance of oxidants and therefore to the emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx). Depending on conditions, NOx reacts under either of two distinct photochemical regimes, defined by the types and levels of radical production. In the ... | 0 |
52,965 | Effects of ozone, nitrogen deposition, and other stressors on montane ecosystems in the Sierra Nevada | Fenn, ME; Poth, MA; Bytnerowicz, A; Sickman, JO; Takemoto, BK | 2,003 | The greatest air pollution impacts in forests of California are the physiological disturbances imposed on trees as a result of the combined effects of excess N and phytotoxic ozone exposure (Takemoto et al., 2001). In highly-polluted stands in the San Bernardino Mountains in southern California, fine root biomass is gr... | 0 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.