REFERENCE_ID int64 273 7.3M | TITLE stringlengths 4 390 | AUTHORS stringlengths 5 1.43k ⌀ | YEAR int64 1.85k 2.02k ⌀ | ABSTRACT stringlengths 1 18.4k ⌀ | CITED int64 0 1 |
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651,842 | Dermatomyositis: Comparative studies of cutaneous photosensitivity in lupus erythematosus and normal subjects | Dourmishev, L; Meffert, H; Piazena, H | 2,004 | PURPOSE: Cutaneous features of dermatomyositis (DM) strongly suggest that ultraviolet (UV) radiation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of the disease. However, the incidence and the nature of photosensitivity in this disorder have not been established. The aim of this study was to investigate the UVB (290-320... | 0 |
783,948 | Understanding variability in time spent in selected locations for 7-12-year old children | Xue, J; McCurdy, T; Spengler, J; Ozkaynak, H | 2,004 | This paper summarizes a series of analyses of clustered, sequential activity/location data collected by Harvard University for 160 children aged 7-12 years in Southern California (Geyh et al., 2000). The main purpose of the paper is to understand intra- and inter-variability in the time spent by the sample in the outdo... | 1 |
57,168 | The dark side of light: The damaging effects of UV rays and the protective efforts of MAP kinase signaling in the epidermis | Hildesheim, J; Fornace, AJ, Jr | 2,004 | N/A. | 0 |
596,384 | Effects of repeated ozone exposure on pulmonary function and bronchial responsiveness in mice sensitized with ovalbumin | Funabashi, H; Shima, M; Kuwaki, T; Hiroshima, K; Kuriyama, T | 2,004 | We examined the effect of repeated ozone exposure on the respiratory system in mice, sensitized with ovalbumin (OA). OA-sensitized mice and saline-treated control mice were exposed to 1.0 ppm ozone or clean air for 6 h daily and five days weekly for five weeks. Subsequently, these mice were exposed to 1.0 ppm ozone for... | 1 |
57,211 | Recent advances in melanoma biology | Perlis, C; Herlyn, M | 2,004 | The incidence and mortality rates of melanoma have increased at annual rates of 2%-3% for the last 30 years. Disseminated disease is largely refractory to cytotoxic chemotherapy and is almost universally fatal. Several recent advances in melanoma biology offer new strategies for potentially treating this aggressive mal... | 0 |
87,474 | Sensitivity to ozone, diesel exhaust particles, and standardized ambient particulate matter in rats with a listeria monocytogenes-induced respiratory infection | Steerenberg, P; Verlaan, A; De Klerk, A; Boere, A; Loveren, H; Cassee, F | 2,004 | Ambient particulate matter may increase respiratory allergic skewing of the T-cell-mediated immune response toward a T-helper-2 (Th2) response, with the consequence that the Th1 response develops less well. Successful clearing of a respiratory bacterial infection depends on an adequate Th1 immune response; therefore, t... | 0 |
694,509 | Real-time ozone mapping using a regression-interpolation hybrid approach, applied to Tucson, Arizona | Abraham, JS; Comrie, AC | 2,004 | Real-time ozone (O-3) maps, intended for public access and mass media, are generated from spatially interpolating (i.e., kriging) sparse monitoring data and are typically characterized by over-smoothed surfaces that inadequately represent local-scale spatial patterns (e.g., averaged over 1 km(2)). In this paper, a hybr... | 0 |
57,276 | Acute effects of ozone on mortality from the "Air pollution and health: A European approach" project | Gryparis, A; Forsberg, B; Katsouyanni, K; Analitis, A; Touloumi, G; Schwartz, J; Samoli, E; Medina, S; Anderson, HR; Niciu, EM; Wichmann, HE; Kriz, B; Kosnik, M; Skorkovsky, J; Vonk, JM; Dortbudak, Z | 2,004 | In the Air Pollution and Health: A European Approach (APHEA2) project, the effects of ambient ozone concentrations on mortality were investigated. Data were collected on daily ozone concentrations, the daily number of deaths, confounders, and potential effect modifiers from 23 cities/areas for at least 3 years since 19... | 1 |
77,209 | Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction and pulmonary artery tissue cytokine expression are mediated by protein kinase C | Tsai, BM; Wang, M; Pitcher, JM; Meldrum, KK; Meldrum, DR | 2,004 | Pulmonary arteries exhibit a marked vasoconstriction when exposed to hypoxic conditions. Although this may be an adaptive response to match lung ventilation with perfusion, the potential consequences of sustained pulmonary vasoconstriction include pulmonary hypertension and right heart failure. Concomitant production o... | 0 |
695,473 | Personal exposure to particulate matter less than 2.5 mu m in Mexico City: a pilot study | Vallejo, M; Lerma, C; Infante, O; Hermosillo, AG; Riojas-Rodriguez, H; Cardenas, M | 2,004 | This study was aimed to describe the personal exposure of permanent residents in Mexico City's Metropolitan Area (MCMA) to particulate matter of less than 2.5 mm diameter (PM2.5) during their daily activities. A total of 40 healthy volunteers ( 30 women and 10 men) with sedentary activities were included. All of them c... | 0 |
117,433 | Eurasian continental background and regionally polluted levels of ozone and CO observed in northeast Asia | Pochanart, P; Kato, S; Katsuno, T; Akimoto, H | 2,004 | The roles of Eurasian/Siberian continental air masses transport and the impact of large-scale East Asian anthropogenic emissions on tropospheric ozone and carbon monoxide levels in northeast Asia were investigated. Seasonal behaviors of O-3 and CO mixing ratios in background continental (BC) air masses and regionally p... | 0 |
86,264 | Marginal models for zero inflated clustered data | Hall, DB; Zhang, Z | 2,004 | Over the last decade or so, there has been increasing interest in ?zero inflated' (ZI) regression models to account for ?excess' zeros in data. Examples include ZI poisson (ZIP), ZI binomial (ZIB), ZI negative binomial and ZI tobit models. Recently, extensions of these models to the clustered data case have begun to ap... | 0 |
133,619 | Changes in the expression of NO synthase isoforms after ozone: The effects of allergen exposure | Jang, AS; Choi, IS; Lee, JU; Park, SW; Lee, JH; Park, CS | 2,004 | BACKGROUND: The functional role of nitric oxide (NO) and various nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoforms in asthma remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the effects of ozone and ovalbumin (OVA) exposure on NOS isoforms. METHODS: The expression of inducible NOS (iNOS), neuronal NOS (nNOS), and endothelial NOS... | 0 |
596,379 | The remodelled tracheal basement membrane zone of infant rhesus monkeys after 6 months of recovery | Evans, MJ; Fanucchi, MV; Baker, GL; Van Winkle, LS; Pantle, LM; Nishio, SJ; Schelegle, ES; Gershwin, LJ; Miller, LA; Hyde, DM; Plopper, CG | 2,004 | BACKGROUND: In previous studies, we showed that repeated exposure to (1) house dust mite allergen (HDMA) (Dermatophagoides farinae) caused thickening of the basement membrane zone (BMZ) and (2) HDMA+ozone (O3) caused depletion of BMZ perlecan and atypical development of BMZ collagen (irregular thin areas<2.0 microm in ... | 1 |
59,066 | Evolution of air quality in the Sao Paulo metropolitan area and its relation with public policies | Martins, MHRB; Anazia, R; Guardani, MLG; Lacava, CIV; Romano, J; Silva, SR | 2,004 | The Sao Paulo Metropolitan Area (SPMA) is one of the largest urban regions in the world, with more than 17 million inhabitants, about 2000 major industrial facilities, and more than 6 million vehicles based on diesel, gasoline, and ethanol. The area is thus a representative example of large urban region. The accumulate... | 0 |
651,848 | Acute effect of solar-simulated radiation on epidermal thickness assessed by confocal laser scanning microscopy in vivo | Gambichler, T; Sauermann, K; Altintas, MA; Altmeyer, P; Hoffmann, K | 2,004 | null | 0 |
55,629 | Relative contributions of PM2.5 chemical constituents to acute arterial vasoconstriction in humans | Urch, B; Brook, JR; Wasserstein, D; Brook, RD; Rajagopalan, S; Corey, P; Silverman, F | 2,004 | Studies have shown associations between acute ambient particulate matter (PM) levels and increases in morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular diseases. We have previously reported in 24 healthy adults that exposure to concentrated ambient particles plus ozone (CAP + O3) caused a mean decrease of 0.09 mm in brachial... | 0 |
155,871 | Long-range transport of Siberian biomass burning emissions and impact on surface ozone in eastern North America | Jaffe, D; Bertschi, I; Jaegle, L; Novelli, P; Reid, JS; Tanimoto, H; Vingarzan, R; Westphal, DL | 2,004 | During the summer of 2003, biomass fires burned a large area of Siberia, the largest in at least 10 years. We used the NRL Aerosol Analysis and Prediction System (NAAPS) model to forecast the transport of the smoke from these fires. Transport of these airmasses to North America was confirmed by aircraft and surface obs... | 0 |
55,630 | Air pollution and cardiac arrhythmias in patients with implantable cardiovascular defibrillators | Vedal, S; Rich, K; Brauer, M; White, R; Petkau, J | 2,004 | Epidemiological studies have demonstrated associations between short-term increases in outdoor air pollution concentrations and adverse cardiovascular effects, including cardiac mortality and hospitalizations. One possible mechanism behind this association is that air pollution exposure increases the risk of developing... | 0 |
651,900 | Molecular mechanism(s) for UV-B irradiation-induced glutathione depletion in cultured human keratinocytes | Zhu, M; Bowden, GT | 2,004 | Glutathione (GSH) plays a central role in maintenance of cellular redox homeostasis and protection against oxidative injury. Ultraviolet B (UV-B) irradiation-induced GSH depletion is believed to be involved in the pathogenesis of several cutaneous disorders. In this study, the molecular mechanism(s) of UV-B-induced GSH... | 0 |
42,646 | Stomata open at night in pole-sized and mature ponderosa pine: Implications for O3 exposure metrics | Grulke, NE; Alonso, R; Nguyen, T; Cascio, C; Dobrowolski, W | 2,004 | Ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex Laws.) is widely distributed in the western USA. We report the lack of stomatal closure at night in early summer for ponderosa pine at two of three sites investigated. Trees at a third site with lower nitrogen dioxide and nitric acid exposure, but greater drought stress, had sl... | 1 |
626,462 | Ozone exposure triggers the emission of herbivore-induced plant volatiles, but does not disturb tritrophic signalling | Vuorinen, T; Nerg, AM; Holopainen, JK | 2,004 | We evaluated the similarities between ozone-induced and mite-induced emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from lima beans, and tested the response of the natural enemies of herbivores to these emissions using trophic system of two-spotted spider mites and predatory mites. The acute ozone-exposure and spider mi... | 1 |
79,129 | Sub-canopy deposition of ozone in a stand of cutleaf coneflower | Finkelstein, PL; Davison, AW; Neufeld, HS; Meyers, TP; Chappelka, AH | 2,004 | Although there has been a great deal of research on ozone, interest in exposure of native, herbaceous species is relatively recent and it is still not clear what role the pollutant has in their ecological fitness. The ozone exposure of a plant is usually expressed in terms of the concentration above the canopy or as a ... | 0 |
55,631 | A case-crossover analysis of particulate air pollution and cardiac arrhythmia in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators | Rich, KE; Petkau, J; Vedal, S; Brauer, M | 2,004 | We investigated the relationship between air pollution and incidence of cardiac arrhythmia in a study of patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs). Thirty-four patients (ages 15-85 yr, 80% male) with ICDs residing in the Vancouver, Canada, area were included in the analyses, representing all patients... | 0 |
75,093 | A critical review of studies on vitamin D in relation to colorectal cancer | Grant, WB; Garland, CF | 2,004 | Vitamin D intake has been hypothesized to reduce the risk of several types of cancer. Vitamin D and its analogues have demonstrated anticancer activity in vitro and in animal models. However, the risk of colorectal cancer in relation to dietary vitamin D remains controversial. A literature search was performed for arti... | 0 |
55,637 | Effects of concentrated ambient particles on heart rate, blood pressure, and cardiac contractility in spontaneously hypertensive rats | Chang, CC; Hwang, JS; Chan, CC; Wang, PY; Hu, TH; Cheng, TJ | 2,004 | Epidemiological studies have shown that particulate matter (PM) air pollution is associated with cardiovascular mortality and morbidity, especially for particles with aerodynamic diameters under 2.5 Am (PM2.5). Recent studies have revealed an association between PM pollution and autonomic functions including heart rate... | 0 |
53,551 | Effect of rapid shallow breathing on the distribution of 18O-labeled ozone reaction product in the respiratory tract of the rat | Alfaro, MF; Putney, L; Tarkington, BK; Hatch, GE; Hyde, DM; Schelegle, ES | 2,004 | We examined the effect of breathing pattern on ozone reaction product content within the respiratory tract. Thirty-four anesthetized, male Wistar rats were exposed to oxygen-18 (18)O-labeled ozone at 1.0 ppm for 2 h using a dual-chamber, negative-pressure ventilation system. Frequency was set at 80 (n = 9), 120 (n = 7)... | 1 |
694,633 | Analyses of ozone in urban and rural sites in Malaga (Spain) | Duenas, C; Fernandez, MC; Canete, S; Carretero, J; Liger, E | 2,004 | Ozone concentrations were measured at two (urban and a rural) sites near the city of Malaga (Spain). The aim of this study was to determine the daily, monthly and seasonal variation patterns of ozone concentrations at both sites and to study the possible regional influences. The daily variations mostly have the usual f... | 0 |
694,811 | Full-scale chamber investigation and simulation of air freshener emissions in the presence of ozone | Liu, XY; Mason, M; Krebs, K; Sparks, L | 2,004 | Volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions from one electrical plug-in type of pine-scented air freshener and their reactions with O-3 were investigated in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency indoor air research large chamber facility. Ozone was generated from a device marketed as an ozone generator air cleaner. Oz... | 0 |
87,831 | Photochemical products in urban mixtures enhance inflammatory responses in lung cells | Sexton, KG; Jeffries, HE; Jang, M; Kamens, RM; Doyle, M; Voicu, I; Jaspers, I | 2,004 | Complex urban air mixtures that realistically mimic urban smog can be generated for investigating adverse health effects. "Smog chambers" have been used for over 30 yr to conduct experiments for developing and testing photochemical models that predict ambient ozone (O3) concentrations and aerosol chemistry. These chamb... | 1 |
56,585 | Daily mortality and air pollution in Atlanta: two years of data from ARIES | Klemm, RJ; Lipfert, FW; Wyzga, RE; Gust, C | 2,004 | Associations between daily mortality and air pollution were investigated in Fulton and DeKalb Counties, Georgia, for the 2-yr period beginning in August 1998, as part of the Aerosol Research and Inhalation Epidemiological Study (ARIES). Mortality data were obtained directly from county offices of vital records. Air qua... | 0 |
49,191 | Frequency of open windows in motor vehicles under varying temperature conditions: a videotape survey in central North Carolina during 2001 | Long, T; Johnson, T; Ollison, W | 2,004 | ABSTRACT: Air pollution exposures in the motor vehicle cabin are significantly affected by air exchange rate, a function of vehicle speed, window position, vent status, and air conditioning use. A pilot study conducted in Houston, Texas, during September 2000 demonstrated that useful information concerning the position... | 0 |
72,799 | Assessing plant response to ambient ozone: growth of young apple trees in open-top chambers and corresponding ambient air plots | Manning, WJ; Cooley, DR; Tuttle, AF; Frenkel, MA; Bergweiler, CJ | 2,004 | Open-top chambers (OTCs) and corresponding ambient air plots (AA) were used to assess the impact of ambient ozone on growth of newly planted apple trees at the Montague Field research center in Amherst, MA. Two-year-old apple trees (Malus domestica Borkh ?Rogers Red McIntosh?) were planted in the ground in circular plo... | 0 |
694,617 | A preliminary assessment of the Montreal process indicators of air pollution for the United States | Coulston, JW; Riitters, KH; Smith, GC | 2,004 | Air pollutants pose a risk to forest health and vitality in the United States. Here we present the major findings from a national scale air pollution assessment that is part of the United States' 2003 Report on Sustainable Forests. We examine trends and the percent forest subjected to specific levels of ozone and wet d... | 0 |
57,173 | UV radiation, latitude, and melanoma in US Hispanics and blacks | Hu, S; Ma, F; Collado-Mesa, F; Kirsner, RS | 2,004 | BACKGROUND: Little information exists on the epidemiology of melanoma and the role of solar radiation in the development of melanoma in pigmented populations. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between exposure to solar radiation and the incidence of melanoma in US Hispanics and blacks. DESIGN: Population-based ec... | 0 |
195,378 | Textiles | Chiavola, A | 2,004 | null | 0 |
57,268 | Halogen cycling and aerosol pH in the Hawaiian marine boundary layer | Pszenny, AAP; Moldanova, J; Keene, WC; Sander, R; Maben, JR; Martinez, M; Crutzen, PJ; Perner, D; Prinn, RG | 2,004 | #Halogen species (HCl* (primarily HCl), Cl* (including Cl2 and HOCl), BrO, total gaseous inorganic Br and size-resolved particulate Cl- and Br -) and related chemical and physical parameters were measured in surface air at Oahu, Hawaii during September 1999. Aerosol pH as a function of particle size was inferred from p... | 0 |
57,483 | Minimal erythema dose after multiple UV exposures depends on pre-exposure skin pigmentation | Henriksen, M; Na, R; Agren, MS; Wulf, HC | 2,004 | Background/purpose: Phototherapy consists of multiple ultraviolet (UV) exposures. Most previous studies have focused on erythema following a single UV exposure in fair-skinned persons. Although it is well known that phototherapy lowers the daily UV-threshold dose for erythema in clinical practice, this is insufficientl... | 0 |
96,043 | Air pollutants increase gene expression of the vasoconstrictor endothelin-1 in the lungs | Thomson, E; Goegan, P; Kumarathasan, P; Vincent, R | 2,004 | Inhalation of urban pollutants elevates the circulating levels of the vasoactive peptides endothelin (ET)-1 and ET-3 in rats. This effect could explain the association between episodic variations of urban pollutants and acute cardiopulmonary morbidity and mortality documented in epidemiological studies. Because the lun... | 0 |
57,771 | Global simulation of tropospheric ozone using the University of Maryland Chemical Transport Model (UMD-CTM): 1 Model description and evaluation | Park, RJ; Pickering, KE; Allen, DJ; Stenchikov, GL; Fox-Rabinovitz, MS | 2,004 | We have developed the three-dimensional global University of Maryland Chemical Transport Model (UMD-CTM), which can operate on a uniform horizontal grid or operate with a stretched-grid feature that allows transport and chemistry to be computed with mesoscale resolution in a region of interest. The model is suitable fo... | 0 |
79,333 | Air pollution and cardiovascular disease: A statement for healthcare professionals from the expert panel on population and prevention science of the American Heart Association | Brook, RD; Franklin, B; Cascio, W; Hong, Y; Howard, G; Lipsett, M; Luepker, R; Mittleman, M; Samet, J; Smith, SC, Jr; Tager, I | 2,004 | Air pollution is a heterogeneous, complex mixture of gases, liquids, and particulate matter. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated a consistent increased risk for cardiovascular events in relation to both short- and long-term exposure to present-day concentrations of ambient particulate matter. Several plausible me... | 0 |
87,342 | Air pollution and sudden infant death syndrome | Dales, R; Burnett, RT; Smith-Doiron, M; Stieb, DM; Brook, JR | 2,004 | Background. Sudden infant death syndrome ( SIDS) affects similar to1 in 1000 live births and is the most common cause of infant death after the perinatal period.
Objective. To determine the influence of air pollution on the incidence of SIDS.
Methods. Time-series analyses were performed to compare the daily mortali... | 1 |
72,800 | Growth response to ozone of annual species from Mediterranean pastures | Gimeno, BS; Bermejo, V; Sanz, J; De La Torre, D; Elvira, S | 2,004 | Ozone (O3) phytotoxicity has been reported on a wide range of plant species. However, scarce information has been provided regarding the sensitivity of semi-natural grassland species, especially those from dehesa Mediterranean grasslands, in spite of their great biological diversity and the high O3 levels recorded in t... | 0 |
56,897 | Association of FEV1 in asthmatic children with personal and microenvironmental exposure to airborne particulate matter | Delfino, RJ; Quintana, PJE; Floro, J; Gastanaga, VM; Samimi, BS; Kleinman, MT; Liu, LJS; Bufalino, C; Wu, CF; Mclaren, CE | 2,004 | Exposure to particulate matter (PM) air pollution has been shown to exacerbate children's asthma, but the exposure sources and temporal characteristics are still under study. Children's exposure to PM is likely to involve both combustion-related ambient PM and PM related to a child's activity in various indoor and outd... | 1 |
53,924 | Diurnal cycles of surface winds and temperatures as simulated by five boundary layer parameterizations | Zhang, DL; Zheng, WZ | 2,004 | Although most of the planetary boundary layer (PBL) parameterizations have demonstrated the capability to reproduce many meteorological phenomena in the lowest few kilometers, little attention has been paid to the prediction of the diurnal cycles of surface wind speed (VSFC) in relation to surface temperature (TSFC). I... | 0 |
89,894 | Impact of temperature and air pollution on the mortality of children in Madrid | Diaz, J; Linares, C; Garcia-Herrera, R; Lopez, C; Trigo, R | 2,004 | This work analyzes the impact of temperature and air pollution on infant mortality in Madrid. Daily values of mortality of children younger than 10 years, maximum and minimum temperatures, and air pollutants were considered for an 11-year period. In winter, mortality was mostly associated with very low temperatures and... | 1 |
80,378 | Formation of oxidation products in a ventilation system | Fick, J; Nilsson, C; Andersson, B | 2,004 | We have studied the formation of oxidation products from the ozonolysis of a monoterpene (alpha-pinene) in an authentic ventilation system. We observed ten products, norpinic acid, pinic acid, glyoxal, methyl glyoxal, norpinonic acid, pinonic acid, a C4 dicarbonyl (C4H6O2), a C5 dicarbonyl (C5H8O2), norpinon aldehyde, ... | 0 |
72,764 | An in vivo analysis of the effect of season-long open-air elevation of ozone to anticipated 2050 levels on photosynthesis in soybean | Morgan, PB; Bernacchi, CJ; Ort, DR; Long, SP | 2,004 | Rising atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration ([CO(2)]) is widely recognized, but less appreciated is a concomitant rise in tropospheric ozone concentration ([O(3)]). In industrialized countries, [O(3)] has risen by 0.5% to 2.5% per year. Tropospheric [O(3)] is predicted to reach a global mean of >60 nL L(-1) by 2... | 1 |
57,765 | The suppression of immunity by ultraviolet radiation: UVA, nitric oxide and DNA damage | Halliday, GM; Byrne, SN; Kuchel, JM; Poon, TS; Barnetson, RS | 2,004 | We have examined the mechanism by which solar-simulated ultraviolet radiation (ssUV) suppresses memory immunity to nickel in allergic humans. In initial studies, we used inbred mice to determine the contribution of different wavebands to sunlight-induced immunosuppression. We found that low dose UVA can enhance memory,... | 0 |
72,700 | Ground-based and aircraft measurements of trace gases in Phoenix, Arizona (1998) | Nunnermacker, LJ; Weinstein-Lloyd, J; Kleinman, L; Daum, PH; Lee, YN; Springston, SR; Klotz, P; Newman, L; Neuroth, G; Hyde, P | 2,004 | #In May and June of 1998, an extensive measurement campaign was fielded in the city of Phoenix and its environs. Measurements were made at ground sites and aboard the Department of Energy's G-1 research aircraft in an effort to understand the production of O3 in this area. Diurnal variations in O3 differed at the upwin... | 0 |
644,649 | Regulation of 4-hydroxynonenal-mediated signaling by gluathione S-transferases | Awasthi, YC; Yang, Y; Tiwari, NK; Patrick, B; Sharma, A; Li, J; Awasthi, S | 2,004 | 4-Hydroxynonenal (HNE), one of the major end products of lipid peroxidation, has been shown to be involved in signal transduction and available evidence suggests that it can affect cell cycle events in a concentration-dependent manner. Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) can modulate the intracellular concentrations of H... | 1 |
670,421 | Report of an expert panel to review the socio-economic models and related components supporting the development of Canada-Wide Standards (CWS) for particulate matter (PM) and ozone to the Royal Society of Canada | Adamowicz, V; Dales, R; Hale, BA; Hrudey, SE; Krupnick, A; Lippman, M; McConnell, J; Renzi, P | 2,004 | Canada-Wide Standards (CWS) for particulate matter (PM) and ozone may be the most ambitious environmental standards ever proposed in Canada. They have attracted considerable attention and debate. This report addresses the validity of the socioeconomic modeling aspects of the Canada-Wide Standards development process.
... | 0 |
87,425 | Urban air pollution and asthma in children | Migliaretti, G; Cavallo, F | 2,004 | This study investigated the relationship between atmospheric pollution and emergency hospital admission for asthma among children resident in Turin in the period 1997-1999, using a case-control design. On the basis of the primary diagnosis, pediatric patients (< 15 years old) resident in Turin and admitted for asthma ... | 0 |
56,895 | Effect of ozone exposure on airway responses to inhaled allergen in asthmatic subjects | Chen, LL; Tager, IB; Peden, DB; Christian, DL; Ferrando, RE; Welch, BS; Balmes, JR | 2,004 | BACKGROUND: Controlled human exposure studies have produced conflicting results regarding the effect of ozone on the early bronchoconstrictor response to inhaled allergen in specifically sensitized asthmatic subjects. Spirometric parameters do not necessarily reflect the airway inflammatory effects of inhaled ozone or ... | 0 |
627,654 | Regulated de novo biosynthesis of fibrinogen in extrahepatic epithelial cells in response to inflammation | Lawrence, SO; Simpson-Haidaris, PJ | 2,004 | Hepatic fibrinogen (FBG) is upregulated during an acute phase response (APR) induced by glucocorticoids and interleukin (IL)-6. Furthermore, intestine and lung epithelium synthesize FBG after exposure to inflammatory mediators, and both plasma and lung cell-derived FBG, along with fibronectin, assemble in detergent-ins... | 1 |
651,816 | An algorithm to evaluate solar irradiance and effective dose rates using spectral UV irradiance at four selected wavelengths | Anav, A; Rafanelli, C; Di Menno, I; Di Menno, M | 2,004 | The paper shows a semi-analytical method for environmental and dosimetric applications to evaluate, in clear sky conditions, the solar irradiance and the effective dose rates for some action spectra using only four spectral irradiance values at selected wavelengths in the UV-B and UV-A regions (305, 320, 340 and 380 nm... | 0 |
87,423 | Luftforurensning og kardiovaskulaer sykdom i trondheim [Air pollution and cardiovascular disease in Trondheim] | Mannsaker, B; Vikan, T; Holme, J | 2,004 | BACKGROUND: There is some evidence linking air pollution to cardiovascular morbidity. Our aim was to examine whether there is a correlation between air pollution and cardiovascular morbidity in the city of Trondheim, Norway. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We compared the mean daily number of admissions for cardiovascular dise... | 0 |
89,503 | Association between maternal exposure to elevated ambient sulfur dioxide during pregnancy and term low birth weight | Lin, CM; Li, CY; Yang, GY; Mao, IF | 2,004 | This retrospective cohort study investigated whether the risk of delivering full term (37-44 completed weeks of gestation) low birth weight (LBW) infants is associated with differences in exposure to air pollutants in different trimesters. Full-term infants (37 completed weeks of gestation) with a birth weight below 25... | 1 |
72,796 | Ozone exposures and implications for vegetation in rural areas of the central Appalachian Mountains, USA | Edwards, P; Huber, C; Wood, F | 2,004 | The United States is making the transition from the 1979 1 hr maximum ozone standard to the newly adopted 8 hr ozone standard (3 yr average of the 4th highest maximum 8 hr ozone concentration). Consequently, we analyzed and compared ozone concentrations under both standards from a variety of monitoring sites throughout... | 0 |
57,691 | Sunlight and vitamin D for bone health and prevention of autoimmune diseases, cancers, and cardiovascular disease | Holick, MF | 2,004 | Vitamin D is unique, in terms of its metabolism and physiologic features and the human reliance on both endogenous production (activation through exposure to ultraviolet light) and exogenous sources (diet, primarily fortified foods) to meet biological requirements. Recent evidence has indicated a reemergence of vitamin... | 0 |
78,968 | Hydrocarbon source signatures in Houston, Texas: influence of the petrochemical industry | Jobson, BT; Berkowitz, CM; Kuster, WC; Goldan, PD; Williams, EJ; Fehsenfeld, FC; Apel, EC; Karl, T; Lonneman, WA; Riemer, D | 2,004 | Observations of C1-C10 hydrocarbon mixing ratios measured by in situ instrumentation at the La Porte super site during the TexAQS 2000 field experiment are reported. The La Porte data were compared to a roadway vehicle exhaust signature obtained from canister samples collected in the Houston Washburn tunnel during the ... | 0 |
597,491 | Use of submaximal inhalation and spirometry to assess the effects of ozone exosure | McDonnell, WF | 2,004 | Spirometric measures of airway obstruction are strongly influenced by the neurally mediated reduction in total lung capacity that accompanies ozone exposure. This study was conducted to evaluate a method for quantifying the effects of performing spirometry from a reduced inspiratory position on measures of airway obstr... | 0 |
109,994 | Nocturnal trans-alpine transport of ozone and its effects on air quality on the Swiss Plateau | Steinbacher, M; Henne, S; Dommen, J; Wiesen, P; Prevot, ASH | 2,004 | Trace gas measurements in the Leventina valley in southern Switzerland were performed in August and September 2001. Highest concentrations of secondary air pollutants (ozone and formaldehyde) were measured at an elevated site during nights with southerly winds. The analysis of ozone data at an elevated site in southern... | 0 |
87,488 | Association between particulate air pollution and first hospital admission for childhood respiratory illness in Vancouver, Canada | Yang, Q; Chen, Y; Krewski, D; Shi, Y; Burnett, RT; Mcgrail, KM | 2,004 | #In this study, the authors assessed the impact of particulate air pollution on first respiratory hospitalization. Study subjects were children less than 3 years of age living in Vancouver, British Columbia, who had their first hospitalization as a result of any respiratory disease (ICD-9 codes 460-519) during the peri... | 0 |
72,709 | Biomass reduction of juvenile birch is more strongly related to stomatal uptake of ozone than to indices based on external exposure | Uddling, J; Gunthardt-Goerg, MS; Maytssek, R; Oksanen, E; Pleijel, H; Sellden, G; Karlsson, PE | 2,004 | #In order to test the hypothesis that ozone-induced limitation of biomass production in juvenile silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) is driven by stomatal uptake of ozone (O3) rather than external exposure, biomass reduction was related to the cumulative uptake of O3 through stomata over an uptake cut-off threshold of x... | 0 |
92,018 | Mineral N availability for conifer growth following clearcutting: responsive versus non-responsive ecosystems | Grenon, F; Bradley, RL; Joanisse, G; Titus, BD; Prescott, CE | 2,004 | We compared mineral N concentrations, potential net mineralization rates and gross N mineralization rates in the forest floor of 4-year-old clearcut plots and adjacent mature forest stands, in three distinct coniferous ecosystems in British Columbia (coastal low elevation, coastal montane, interior montane). Our data s... | 0 |
42,650 | Spatio-temporal characterization of tropospheric ozone across the eastern United States | Lehman, J; Swinton, K; Bortnick, S; Hamilton, C; Baldridge, E; Ender, B; Cox, B | 2,004 | This paper utilizes a rotated principal components approach first used by Eder, Davis, and Bloomfield (Atmos. Environ. 27a (16) (1993) 2645) to characterize non-urban daily 8-h maximum ozone (O3) concentrations within the eastern United States for the O3 seasons of 1993-2002. The analysis proceeds by selecting a spatia... | 0 |
56,775 | Toward asthma prevention--does all that really matters happen before we learn to read? | Martinez, FD | 2,004 | null | 0 |
81,006 | Monitoring yield loss from ozone pollution in a Mediterranean environment: A comparison of methods | Fagnano, M; Merola, G; Forlani, A; Postiglione, L; Fuhrer, J | 2,004 | Yield losses from ozone pollution can be estimated by two methods: one involves the use of sensitive (S) and resistant (R) biotypes of white clover (Trifolium repens L., cv. Regal) exposed in ambient air, the other is based on the use of open-top chambers (OTC) supplied either with charcoal-filtered (CF) or non-filtere... | 0 |
695,353 | Influence of ozone on the the skin | Podda, M; Fuchs, J | 2,004 | The skin is directly and frequently exposed to a pro-oxidative environment, including ozone and UV-radiation. While ozone in the stratosphere protects against mutagenic UVC-radiation, it is also a major air pollutant in urban areas. With its strong oxidizing potential, ozone is perhaps one of the most reactive chemical... | 0 |
195,272 | Investigation of mechanical and physical properties of several industrial rubbers | Findik, F; Yilmaz, R; Koksal, T | 2,004 | Recently, blending of polymers has become an increasingly important area of research activity. Elastomer blends are Used Cor many reasons such as lowering the compound cost, for ease of fabrication and to improve the performance of the industrial rubber. Natural rubber (NR) and styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) have been ... | 0 |
92,165 | Wetland nitrogen dynamics in an Adirondack forested watershed | McHale, MR; Cirmo, CP; Mitchell, MJ; McDonnell, JJ | 2,004 | Wetlands often form the transition zone between upland soils and watershed streams, however, stream-wetland interactions and hydrobiogeochemical processes are poorly understood. We measured changes in stream nitrogen (N) through one riparian wetland and one beaver meadow in the Archer Creek watershed in the Adirondack ... | 0 |
56,814 | Atmospheric gaseous mercury concentrations in New York State: relationships with meteorological data and other pollutants | Han, YJ; Holsen, TM; Lai, SO; Hopke, PK; Yi, SM; Liu, W; Pagano, J; Falanga, L; Milligan, M; Andolina, C | 2,004 | Ambient vapor-phase mercury concentrations including total gaseous mercury (TGM) and reactive gaseous mercury (RGM) were measured at three locations in rural New York State: Potsdam, Stockton, and Sterling. The RGM concentrations (4.2+/-6.4, 5.7+/-9.2, 6.0+/-10.8 pg m-3 at the Potsdam, Stockton, and Sterling sites, res... | 0 |
57,185 | Relationship between UVB and erythemally weighted radiation | McKenzie, R; Smale, D; Kotkamp, M | 2,004 | We discuss the move from reporting damaging UV radiation in terms of UVB to the now widely accepted erythemally weighted UV radiation (UV(Ery)) and the UV Index (UVI). The relationship between these quantities is given: to a good approximation, it is found that UVB(280-315 nm)= 7.55 [times] UV(Ery). In terms of the UV ... | 0 |
56,905 | Air quality criteria for particulate matter (Final report, 2004) | null | 2,004 | EPA has completed the process of updating and revising, where appropriate, its Air Quality Criteria for Particulate Matter (PM) as issued in 1996 (usually referred to as the Criteria Document). Sections 108 and 109 of the Clean Air Act require that EPA carry out a periodic review and revision, where appropriate, of the... | 0 |
155,711 | Incorporating the effect of small scale circulations upon dust emission in an AGCM | Cakmur, RV; Miller, RL; Torres, O | 2,004 | Realistic simulation of dust emission in an atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) is inhibited by the model's coarse resolution compared to the scale of the circulations observed to mobilize dust. We construct a probability distribution of wind speed within each grid box that depends upon the speed explicitly ca... | 0 |
90,376 | Year-to-year variations of spring time polar tropospheric BrO as seen by GOME | Hollwedel, J; Wenig, M; Beirle, S; Kraus, S; Kuhl, S; Wilms-Grabe, W; Platt, U; Wagner, T | 2,004 | In this paper we present data on the variation of tropospheric BrO, that is connected with the spring time ozone depletion in polar regions. For this study we use data derived from the Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME) for the years 1996-2001. We especially focus on the possible detection of trends in the exten... | 0 |
94,397 | Long-term ozone exposure and ozone uptake of grapevines in open-top chambers | Soja, G; Reichenauer, TG; Eid, M; Soja, AM; Schaber, R; Gangl, H | 2,004 | #Ozone uptake of pot-grown grapevines, fruit yield and sugar concentrations in juice were studied over the course of 4 years. In three of the study years, plants were exposed to contrasting ozone levels in open-top chambers. Results showed that juice quality was more sensitive to ozone exposure than grape yield. Ozone-... | 0 |
88,970 | Athens 2004: the pollution climate and athletic performance | Florida-James, G; Donaldson, K; Stone, V | 2,004 | Athens sits in a basin approximately 450 km2 in area, surrounded by mountains and open sea. Anthropogenic emissions in conjunction with the topographical and meteorological conditions can result in high air pollution within the city. The pollutants of concern for athletes competing in Athens 2004 appear to be nitrogen ... | 0 |
57,060 | Summary health statistics for U.S. adults: National Health Interview Survey, 2001 | Lucas, JW; Schiller, JS; Benson, V | 2,004 | OBJECTIVES:
This report presents health statistics from the 2001 National Health Interview Survey for the civilian noninstitutionalized adult population classified by sex, age, race and Hispanic origin, poverty status, and region of residence for chronic condition prevalence, health status and functional limitations, h... | 0 |
113,952 | Influence of ozone, relative humidity, and flow rate on the deposition and oxidation of sulfur dioxide on yellow sand | Sakamoto, K; Takada, H; Sekiguchi, K | 2,004 | To evaluate the influences of O-3, relative humidity (RH), and flow rate on the reaction between yellow sand and SO2, the SO2 deposition velocity and the oxidation state of sulfur were investigated by means of exposure experiments in a cylindrical flow reactor. Early in the reaction, the deposition velocity was not inf... | 0 |
72,713 | A study of the anticorrelations between ozone and UV-B radiation using linear and exponential fits in southern Brazil | Guarnieri, RA; Padilha, LF; Guarnieri, FL; Echer, E; Makita, K; Pinheiro, DK; Schuch, AMP; Boeira, LS; Schuch, NJ | 2,004 | null | 0 |
116,396 | One-hour and eight-hour average ozone in the California South Coast air quality management district: Trends in peak values and sensitivity to precursors | Qin, Y; Tonnesen, GS; Wang, Z | 2,004 | Exceedences of the 1 and 8 h O-3 air quality standard were identified for 24 routine air quality monitor stations in the California South Coast Air Quality Management District (AQMD) from 1980 to 2001. Yearly trends, temporal and spatial distributions of O-3 exceedences and "weekend effect" on O-3 exceedences are prese... | 0 |
72,795 | A comparison of ground-level air quality data with New York State Department of Environmental Conservation monitoring stations data in South Bronx, New York | Restrepo, C; Zimmerman, R; Thurston, G; Clemente, J; Gorczynski, J; Zhong, M; Blaustein, M; Chen, LC | 2,004 | The South Bronx is a low-income, minority community in New York City. It has one of the highest asthma rates in the country, which community residents feel is related to poor air quality. Community residents also feel that the air quality data provided by the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC... | 0 |
56,618 | Modeling seasonal ozone fluxes to grassland and wheat: model improvement, testing, and application | Bassin, S; Calanca, P; Weidinger, T; Gerosa, G; Fuhrer, J | 2,004 | The Ozone DEposition Model (ODEM) was developed for national scale modeling of total and fractional ozone fluxes to grasslands and wheat using high-resolution gridded input data. The aim of this study was to improve the preliminary version 1.1 to enable season-long simulations by introducing a new parameterization of l... | 0 |
80,433 | Gaseous fluxes of peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) into plant leaves | Teklemariam, TA; Sparks, JP | 2,004 | Peroxyactyl nitrate (PAN) is the most abundant of the gaseous organic nitrates produced from the photochemistry of hydrocarbons and NOx (i.e. ozone and smog production). PAN is known to be toxic to plants and also as a reservoir for the transport nitrogen dioxide in the troposphere. Here, the effect of vegetation on PA... | 0 |
117,556 | Quantification of the impact of aircraft traffic emissions on tropospheric ozone over Paris area | Pison, I; Menut, L | 2,004 | Accurate estimations of the emissions of primary pollutants are crucial for the modeling of photo-oxidants concentrations. For a majority of chemistry-transport models (CTMs), these emissions are taken into account near the surface only. They are expressed as surface fluxes and represent surface activities such as traf... | 0 |
80,114 | Field testing of biological spectral weighting functions for induction of UV-absorbing compounds in higher plants | Flint, SD; Searles, PS; Caldwell, MM | 2,004 | null | 0 |
133,379 | Analysis of sources and partitioning of oxidant in the UK - Part 1: The NOX-dependence of annual mean concentrations of nitrogen dioxide and ozone | Jenkin, ME | 2,004 | A description of the NOX-dependence of annual mean concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is an important component of empirical policy models used to investigate the impacts of NOX emissions control measures. Consideration of nitric oxide (NO), NO2 and ozone (O-3) as a set of chemically coupled species, rather than ... | 0 |
88,892 | Modeling the response of soil and surface waters in the Adirondack and Catskill regions of New York to changes in atmospheric deposition and historical land disturbance | Chen, L; Driscoll, CT | 2,004 | In this study, an integrated biogeochemical model (PnET-BGC) was used to evaluate the response of five forest ecosystems in the Adirondack and Catskill regions of New York to changes in atmospheric deposition and land disturbance. Model simulations showed that over the past 150 years, acidic deposition caused depletion... | 0 |
94,399 | Five-year measurements of ozone fluxes to a Danish Norway spruce canopy | Mikkelsen, TN; Ro-Poulsen, H; Hovmand, MF; Jensen, NO; Pilegard, K; Egelov, AH | 2,004 | Ozone concentrations and fluxes have been measured continuously during 5 years (1996-2000) by the gradient method in a Norway spruce dominated forest stand in West Jutland, Denmark, planted in 1965. The method has been validated against other methodologies and a relatively good relationship was found. The data are anal... | 0 |
57,008 | The 2003 North American electrical blackout: an accidental experiment in atmospheric chemistry | Marufu, LT; Taubman, BF; Bloomer, B; Piety, CA; Doddridge, BG; Stehr, JW; Dickerson, RR | 2,004 | The August 2003 North American electrical blackout provided a unique opportunity to quantify directly the contribution of power plants to regional haze and O3. Airborne observations over central Pennsylvania on August 15, 2003, ~24 h into the blackout, revealed large reductions in SO2 (>90%), O3 (~50%), and light scatt... | 0 |
56,619 | Test of the short-term critical levels for acute ozone injury on plants--improvements by ozone uptake modelling and the use of an effect threshold | Karlsson, GP; Karlsson, PE; Soya, G; Vandermeiren, K; Pleijel, H | 2,004 | The current short-term critical levels for acute ozone injury on plants were evaluated based on 32 datasets from eastern Austria, Belgium and southern Sweden with subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L., cv. Geraldton). Potential improvements using an exposure index related to ozone uptake (AFst, Accumulated Sto... | 0 |
180,395 | Serum pneumoproteins and biomarkers of exposure to urban air pollution: a cross-sectional comparison of policemen and foresters | Berthoin, K; Broeckaert, F; Robin, M; Haufroid, V; de Burbure, C; Bernard, A | 2,004 | Very few biomarkers are available for the non-invasive detection of effects of urban air pollution on the respiratory tract. The objective was to evaluate whether Clara cell protein (CC16) and surfactant-associated protein-A (SP-A), two pulmonary secretory proteins, were useful in the detection of effects of urban air ... | 0 |
53,198 | Compilation of tables of surface deposition velocities for O3, NO2 and SO2 to a range of indoor surfaces | Grontoft, T; Raychaudhuri, MR | 2,004 | Surface deposition velocities of O3, NO2 and SO2 were measured in chamber experiments at relative air humidity ranging from 0% to 90% and obtained from literature screening, for a range of material surfaces typically found indoors. The data were compiled in tables comprising 24 material classes and five values of relat... | 0 |
53,981 | Investigation of sources of volatile organic carbon in the Baltimore area using highly time-resolved measurements | Choi, YJ; Ehrman, SH | 2,004 | A multivariate receptor model, UNMIX, was applied to hourly volatile organic hydrocarbon concentrations measured at a Photochemical Assessment Monitoring Station, located in the Baltimore, MD area, during the summer months from 1996 to 1999. Six possible volatile organic carbon source categories were identified, and ga... | 0 |
89,873 | Association of outdoor air pollution with chronic respiratory morbidity in an industrial town in northern India | Kumar, R; Sharma, M; Srivastva, A; Thakur, JS; Jindal, SK; Parwana, HK | 2,004 | A cross-sectional study was performed in one industrial (study) and one non-industrial (reference) town in Punjab State, northern India. Ambient air quality samples were collected and analyzed each week for 2 yr. Subjects were 3,603 individuals >15 yr old who were interviewed and whose lung functions were measured spir... | 0 |
145,678 | A development of ozone abatement strategies for the Grenoble area using modeling and indicators | Couach, O; Kirchner, F; Jimenez, R; Balin, I; Perego, S; Van Den Bergh, H | 2,004 | The Grenoble metropolitan area, located in the French Alps, regularly has periods of high ozone concentrations during the summertime. Grenoble is located in a Y shaped convergence of three deep valleys, some 3000 m above sea level, with typical wind pattern. During the summer of 1999, a major field campaign GRENOble PH... | 0 |
56,778 | The prevention of early asthma in kids study: design, rationale and methods for the childhood asthma research and education network | Guilbert, TW; Morgan, WJ; Krawiec, M; Lemanske, RF; Sorkness, C; Szefler, SJ; Larsen, G; Spahn, JD; Zeiger, RS; Heldt, G; Strunk, RC; Bacharier, LB; Bloomberg, GR; Chinchilli, VM; Boehmer, SJ; Mauger, EA; Mauger, DT; Taussig, LM; Martinez, FD | 2,004 | Pediatric asthma remains an important public health concern as its prevalence and cost to the health care system is rising. In order to promote innovative research in asthma therapies, the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute created the Childhood Asthma Research and Education Network in 1999. As its first study, t... | 0 |
72,735 | Megasonic free single wafer cleaning using ozone jet without pattern damage and with minimum substrate etching | Kim, Y; Cho, H; Kim, J | 2,004 | A newly developed single wafer cleaning process using gaseous ozone and very dilute chemistries at room temperatures shows high particle removal performance without the use of megasonics. The process utilizes the strong oxidative properties of ozone with the oxide etching property of HF and zeta potential advantages of... | 0 |
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