REFERENCE_ID int64 273 7.3M | TITLE stringlengths 4 390 | AUTHORS stringlengths 5 1.43k ⌀ | YEAR int64 1.85k 2.02k ⌀ | ABSTRACT stringlengths 1 18.4k ⌀ | CITED int64 0 1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
91,237 | Influence of air pollution on respiratory health during perinatal development | Pinkerton, KE; Joad, JP | 2,006 | #1. The respiratory system is a highly ordered structure composed of over 40 cell types involved in a multitude of functions. Development of the lungs spans from embryogenesis to adult life, passing through several distinct stages of growth. 2. Oxidant gases, airborne particles and environmental tobacco smoke are commo... | 0 |
655,513 | Influence of hyaluronan and ultraviolet-B on melanoma cell motility | Gebhardt, C; Averbeck, M; Viertel, A; Kauer, F; Voelcker, V; Anderegg, U; Simon, JC | 2,006 | Several autocrine factors, such as Hyaluronan (HA), interleukin (IL)-8 or IL-1b are able to induce melanoma cell motility. HA is the most abundant extracellular matrix molecule of the skin and plays an important role in the tumorigenesis of different cancers; amongst others, it can promote cell migration in melanoma ce... | 0 |
651,834 | Mast cells and cutaneous malignancies | Ch'ng, S; Wallis, RA; Yuan, L; Davis, PF; Tan, ST | 2,006 | This paper reviews the role of mast cells in the development and progression of basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma. Mast cells accumulate around cutaneous malignancies. Current evidence suggests that mast cells contribute to the tumorigenesis of cutaneous malignancies through four mech... | 0 |
186,989 | Assessment of ozone effects on nitrate export from Hubbard Brook Watershed 6 | Hong, B; Weinstein, D; Swaney, D | 2,006 | The impact of the air pollution ozone on soil N dynamics and temporal and spatial patterns of streamflow nitrate flux at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest Watershed 6 during the 1964-1994 period was assessed using aggregated (one-cell) and spatially explicit (208-cell) versions of the SImple NItrogen Cycle (SINIC) ... | 1 |
90,195 | Air pollution and emergency admissions in Boston, MA | Zanobetti, A; Schwartz, J | 2,006 | STUDY OBJECTIVE: Many studies have shown that ambient particulate air pollution (PM) is associated with increased risk of hospital admissions and deaths for cardiovascular or respiratory causes around the world. In general these have been analysed in association with PM(10) and ozone, whereas PM(2.5) is now the particl... | 1 |
595,131 | Intercomparison of ultraviolet photometry and gas-phase titration techniques for ozone reference standards at ambient levels | Tanimoto, H; Mukai, H; Hashimoto, S; Norris, JE | 2,006 | Intercomparison experiments were made between two independent techniques for ozone (O3) reference standards often used as the primary standards in air quality monitoring networks. These techniques include ultraviolet absorption photometry of O3 at the 253.7-nm Hg line and gas-phase titration of O3 with excess NO. For u... | 1 |
93,013 | First directly retrieved global distribution of tropospheric column ozone from GOME: Comparison with the GEOS-CHEM model | Liu, X; Chance, K; Sioris, CE; Kurosu, TP; Spurr, RJD; Martin, RV; Fu, TM; Logan, JA; Jacob, DJ; Palmer, PI; Newchurch, MJ; Megretskaia, IA; Chatfield, RB | 2,006 | We present the first directly retrieved global distribution of tropospheric column ozone from Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME) ultraviolet measurements during December 1996 to November 1997. The retrievals clearly show signals due to convection, biomass burning, stratospheric influence, pollution, and transpor... | 1 |
157,400 | Correlation of ambient inhalable bioaerosols with particulate matter and ozone: A two-year study | Adhikari, A; Reponen, T; Grinshpun, SA; Martuzevicius, D; Lemasters, G | 2,006 | In this study, we have examined the relationships between the concentrations of ambient inhalable airborne fungi and pollen with PM10, PM2.5, ozone, organic carbon, selected trace metals (cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc), temperature, and relative humidity. The database was collected in Cincinnati, Ohio, USA, during tw... | 0 |
191,481 | Interactions between drought and O3 stress in forest trees | Matyssek, R; Le Thiec, D; Low, M; Dizengremel, P; Nunn, AJ; Haberle, KH | 2,006 | Temperature increase and altered precipitation are facets of | 1 |
191,437 | Growth and nutritive quality of Poa pratensis as influenced by ozone and competition | Bender, J; Muntifering, RB; Lin, JC; Weigel, HJ | 2,006 | Interspecific plant competition has been hypothesized to alter effects of early-season ozone (O-3) stress. A phytometer-based approach was utilized to investigate O-3 effects on growth and nutritive quality of Poa pratensis grown in monoculture and in mixed cultures with four competitor-plant species (Anthoxanthum odor... | 1 |
87,721 | The effect of ozone and PM10 on hospital admissions for pneumonia and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A national multicity study | Medina-Ramon, M; Zanobetti, A; Schwartz, J | 2,006 | A case-crossover study was conducted in 36 US cities to evaluate the effect of ozone and particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of < or =10 microm (PM10) on respiratory hospital admissions and to identify which city characteristics may explain the heterogeneity in risk estimates. Respiratory hospital admission... | 1 |
92,846 | Impact of urban air pollutants and noise levels over daily hospital admissions in children in Madrid: a time series analysis | Linares, C; Diaz, J; Tob?as, A; Migue JMDe; Otero, A | 2,006 | <strong>OBJECTIVE: </strong>The aim of this paper was to analyse the effects of the urban air pollutants and noise levels on daily emergency hospital admissions of children less than 10 years of age in Madrid.<br /><br /><strong>MATERIAL AND METHODS: </strong>Poisson Regression Models were used to quantify the associat... | 0 |
196,539 | Effects of multiday exposure to ozone on airway inflammation as determined using sputum induction | Ratto, J; Wong, H; Liu, J; Fahy, J; Boushey, H; Solomon, C; Balmes, J | 2,006 | Single short-term exposures to ozone are known to cause acute changes in pulmonary function and neutrophilic airway inflammation. The respiratory health effects of repeated exposures are not as well studied. Pulmonary function decrements are known to attenuate, but it is less clear how injury and inflammation are affec... | 0 |
88,681 | The association between low level exposures to ambient air pollution and term low birth weight: A retrospective cohort study | Dugandzic, R; Dodds, L; Stieb, D; Smith-Doiron, M | 2,006 | BACKGROUND: Studies in areas with relatively high levels of air pollution have found some positive associations between exposures to ambient levels of air pollution and several birth outcomes including low birth weight (LBW). The purpose of this study was to examine the association between LBW among term infants and am... | 1 |
595,133 | Open path atmospheric spectroscopy using room temperature operated pulsed quantum cascade laser | Taslakov, M; Simeonov, V; van den Bergh, H | 2,006 | We report the application of a distributed feedback quantum cascade laser for 5.8 km long open path spectroscopic monitoring of ozone, water vapor and CO2. The thermal chirp during a 140 or 200 ns long excitation pulse is used for fast wavelength scanning. The fast wavelength scanning has the advantage of the measured ... | 0 |
595,145 | A study of systematic biases and measurement uncertainties in ozone mole fraction measurements with the NIST Standard Reference Photometer | Viallon, J; Moussay, P; Norris, JE; Guenther, FR; Wielgosz, RI | 2,006 | Sources of bias in the National Institute of Standards and Technology ozone Standard Reference Photometer (SRP) maintained by the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures have been investigated. A relative bias of ?0.4% in the ozone mole fraction measurement caused by a temperature gradient in the gas cells of the ins... | 1 |
673,480 | Human breast milk contamination with phthalates and alterations of endogenous reproductive hormones in infants three months of age | Main, KM; Mortensen, GK; Kaleva, MM; Boisen, KA; Damgaard, IN; Chellakooty, M; Schmidt, IM; Suomi, AM; Virtanen, HE; Petersen, JH; Andersson, AM; Toppari, J; Skakkebaek, NE | 2,006 | Phthalates adversely affect the male reproductive system in animals. We investigated whether phthalate monoester contamination of human breast milk had any influence on the postnatal surge of reproductive hormones in newborn boys as a sign of testicular dysgenesis. DESIGN: We obtained biologic samples from a prospectiv... | 0 |
595,152 | Comparison of ultraviolet absorbance, chemiluminescence, and DOAS instruments for ambient ozone monitoring | Williams, EJ; Fehsenfeld, FC; Jobson, BT; Kuster, WC; Goldan, PD; Stutz, J; Mcclenny, WA | 2,006 | This paper evaluates the accuracy of ozone measurements made by monitors that determine ozone concentrations in ambient air by UV absorption. These monitors are typically used to measure ozone for the purpose of establishing local compliance to air-quality standards. The study was predicated by the concern that commerc... | 1 |
196,498 | The avoidable health effects of air pollution in three Latin American cities: Santiago, Sao Paulo, and Mexico City | Bell, ML; Davis, DL; Gouveia, N; Borja-Aburto, VH; Cifuentes, LA | 2,006 | Urban centers in Latin American often face high levels of air pollution as a result of economic and industrial growth. Decisions with regard to industry, transportation, and development will affect air pollution and health both in the short term and in the far future through climate change. We investigated the pollutio... | 0 |
191,434 | Grassland yield declined by a quarter in 5 years of free-air ozone fumigation | Volk, M; Bungener, P; Contat, F; Montani, M; Fuhrer, J | 2,006 | The sensitivity of seminatural grasslands to ozone (O-3) pollution is not well known, in spite of the important function of these common ecosystems for agriculture and nature conservation. A 5-year field experiment was carried out at a rural, mid-elevation site at Le Mouret (Switzerland) to investigate the effect of el... | 1 |
90,048 | Satellite-observed U.S. power plant NOx emission reductions and their impact on air quality | Kim, SW; Heckel, A; McKeen, SA; Frost, GJ; Hsie, E-Y; Trainer, MK; Richter, A; Burrows, JP; Peckham, SE; Grell, GA | 2,006 | Nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions resulting from fossil fuel combustion lead to unhealthy levels of near-surface ozone (O3). One of the largest U.S. sources, electric power generation, represented about 25% of the U.S. anthropogenic NOx emissions in 1999. Here we show that space-based instruments observed declining region... | 1 |
88,632 | An analysis of effects of San Diego wildfire on ambient air quality | Viswanathan, S; Eria, L; Diunugala, N; Johnson, J; Mcclean, C | 2,006 | The impact of major gaseous and particulate pollutants emitted by the wildfire of October 2003 on ambient air quality and health of San Diego residents before, during, and after the fire are analyzed using data available from the San Diego County Air Pollution Control District and California Air Resources Board. It was... | 0 |
191,583 | Ozone impairs autumnal resorption of nitrogen from birch (Betula pendula) leaves, causing an increase in whole-tree nitrogen loss through litter fall | Uddling, J; Karlsson, PE; Glorvigen, A; Sellden, G | 2,006 | Saplings of one half-sib family of birch, Betula pendula Roth, were exposed to three ozone concentrations (non-filtered air (NF); non-filtered air + 10-20 nmol O-3 mol(-1) (NF+); non-filtered air + 40-60 nmol O-3 mol(-1) (NF++)) in open-top chambers during two growing seasons from 1997 to 1998. Shed leaves were collect... | 0 |
191,455 | Impact of high ozone on isoprene emission, photosynthesis and histology of developing Populus alba leaves directly or indirectly exposed to the pollutant | Fares, S; Barta, C; Brilli, F; Centritto, M; Ederli, L; Ferranti, F; Pasqualini, S; Reale, L; Tricoli, D; Loreto, F | 2,006 | The direct and indirect impact of ozone on Populus alba was studied by exposing leaves enclosed in specially designed cuvettes for 30 days to high ozone (150 ppb, 11 h per day), while leaves developing above the cuvettes were exposed to ambient ozone. Gas exchanges and histo-anatomical parameters were measured to speci... | 1 |
191,362 | Effects of simultaneous ozone exposure and nitrogen loads on carbohydrate concentrations, biomass, growth, and nutrient concentrations of young beech trees (Fagus sylvatica) | Thomas, VFD; Braun, S; Fluckiger, W | 2,006 | Beech seedlings were grown under different nitrogen fertilisation regimes (0, 20, 40 nd 80 kg N ha(-1 yr-1)) for three years and were fumigated and either charcoal-filtered (F) or ambient air (O-3). Nitrogen fertilisation increased leaf necroses, aphid infestations, and nutrient ratios in the leaves (N:P and N:K), as a... | 1 |
191,729 | Fungal community composition and metabolism under elevated CO2 and O3 | Chung, HG; Zak, DR; Lilleskov, EA | 2,006 | Atmospheric CO2 and O3 concentrations are increasing due to human activity and both trace gases have the potential to alter C cycling in forest ecosystems. Because soil microorganisms depend on plant litter as a source of energy for metabolism, changes in the amount or the biochemistry of plant litter produced under el... | 1 |
596,414 | Prolonged prenatal exposure to low-level ozone affects aggressive behaviour as well as NGF and BDNF levels in the central nervous system of CD-1 mice | Santucci, D; Sorace, A; Francia, N; Aloe, L; Alleva, E | 2,006 | The long-term effects on isolation-induced aggressive behaviour and central NGF and BDNF levels of gestational exposures to ozone (O(3)) were evaluated in adult CD-1 mice. Females were exposed to O(3), at the dose of 0, 0.3 or 0.6 ppm from 30 days prior the formation of breeding pairs until gestational day 17. Litters ... | 1 |
191,676 | Soil respiration in northern forests exposed to elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide and ozone | Pregitzer, K; Loya, W; Kubiske, M; Zak, D | 2,006 | The aspen free-air CO2 and O-3 enrichment (FACTS II-FACE) study in Rhinelander, Wisconsin, USA, is designed to understand the mechanisms by which young northern deciduous forest ecosystems respond to elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and elevated tropospheric ozone (O-3) in a replicated, factorial, field experi... | 1 |
93,293 | Incidence of ozone symptoms on vegetation within a National Wildlife Refuge in New Jersey, USA | Davis, DD; Orendovici, T | 2,006 | During 1993-1996 and 2001-2003, we evaluated the percentage of plants (incidence) exhibiting ozone-induced foliar symptoms on vegetation within a National Wildlife Refuge located along the Atlantic Ocean coast of New Jersey, USA. Incidence varied among plant species and years. Bioindicator plants most sensitive to ozon... | 1 |
180,071 | Recovery of the histogram of hourly ozone distribution from weekly average concentrations | Olcese, LE; Toselli, BM | 2,006 | A simple method is presented for estimating hourly distribution of air pollutants, based on data collected by passive sensors on a weekly or bi-weekly basis with no need for previous measurements at a site. In order for this method to be applied to locations where no hourly records are available, reference data from ot... | 0 |
89,449 | Large upper tropospheric ozone enhancements above mid-latitude North America during summer: in situ evidence from the IONS and MOZAIC ozone measurement network | Cooper, OR; Stohl, A; Trainer, M; Thompson, AM; Witte, JC; Oltmans, SJ; Morris, G; Pickering, KE; Crawford, JH; Chen, G; Cohen, RC; Bertram, TH; Wooldridge, P; Perring, A; Brune, W; Merrill, J; Moody, JL; Tarasick, D; Nedelec, P; Forbes, G; Newchurch, M; Schmidlin, F; Johnson, BJ; Turquety, S; Baughcum, SL; Ren, X; Feh... | 2,006 | During the summer 2004 ICARTT study daily ozonesondes were launched from several sites across the eastern USA and Canada, from California to establish the baseline ozone entering the USA, and from northern Michigan to quantify ozone immediately upwind of the high emission regions in eastern North America. Additional oz... | 0 |
191,658 | Seasonal development of ozone-induced foliar injury on tall milkweed (Asclepias exaltata) in Great Smoky Mountains National Park | Souza, L; Neufeld, HS; Chappelka, AH; Burkey, KO; Davison, AW | 2,006 | The goals of this study were to document the development of ozone-induced foliar injury, on a leaf-by-leaf basis, and to develop ozone exposure relationships for leaf cohorts and individual tall milkweeds (Asclepias exaltata L.) in Great Smoky Mountains National Park. Plants were classified as either ozone-sensitive or... | 1 |
195,731 | Changes in the carbon dioxide expirogram in response to ozone exposure | Taylor, AB; Lee, GM; Nellore, K; Ben-Jebria, A; Ultman, JS | 2,006 | The objectives of this study were to quantify pulmonary responses to ozone (O3) exposure by parameters computed from the carbon dioxide expirogram and to compare these responses to decrements in forced expired spirometry. Anatomical dead space (VD) was determined from the pure dead space and transition regions of the e... | 1 |
90,972 | Associations of tumor necrosis factor G-308A with childhood asthma and wheezing | Li, YF; Gauderman, WJ; Avol, E; Dubeau, L; Gilliland, FD | 2,006 | RATIONALE: Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) mediates a spectrum of airway inflammatory responses, including those to air pollutants, and is an asthma candidate gene. One TNF promoter variant (G-308A) affects expression of TNF and has been associated with inflammatory diseases; however, studies of asthma have been inconsiste... | 1 |
191,662 | Seasonal variability of monoterpene emission factors for a Ponderosa pine plantation in California | Holzinger, R; Lee, A; Mckay, M; Goldstein, AH | 2,006 | Monoterpene fluxes have been measured over an 11 month period from June 2003 to April 2004. During all seasons ambient air temperature was the environmental factor most closely related to the measured emission rates. The monoterpene flux was modeled using a basal emission rate multiplied by an exponential function of a... | 0 |
191,365 | The effects of tropospheric ozone on the species dynamics of calcareous grassland | Thwaites, RH; Ashmore, MR; Morton, AJ; Pakeman, RJ | 2,006 | Although ozone has been shown to reduce the growth of individual species and to alter the composition of simple species mixtures, there is little understanding of its long-term effects on species dynamics and composition in real communities. Intact turfs of calcareous grassland were exposed to four different ozone regi... | 0 |
191,660 | Seasonal patterns of ascorbate in the needles of Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) trees: Correlation analyses with atmospheric O3 and NO2 gas mixing ratios and meteorological parameters | Haberer, K; Jaeger, L; Rennenberg, H | 2,006 | In the present field study the role of ascorbate in scavenging the harmful atmospheric trace gases O-3 and NO2 was examined. For this purpose ascorbate contents were determined in needles of adult Scots pine trees (Pinus sylvestris L.) during three consecutive years. Ascorbate contents were correlated with ambient trop... | 0 |
191,270 | Chemical composition and digestibility of Trifolium exposed to elevated ozone and carbon dioxide in a free-air (FACE) fumigation system | Muntifering, RB; Chappelka, AH; Lin, JC; Karnosky, DF; Somers, GL | 2,006 | 1. Tropospheric ozone (O-3) and carbon dioxide (CO2) are significant drivers of plant growth and chemical composition. We hypothesized that exposure to elevated concentrations of O-3 and CO2, singly and in combination, would modify the chemical composition of Trifolium and thus alter its digestibility and nutritive qua... | 1 |
88,445 | How exposure to environmental tobacco smoke, outdoor air pollutants, and increased pollen burdens influences the incidence of asthma | Gilmour, MI; Jaakkola, MS; London, SJ; Nel, AE; Rogers, CA | 2,006 | Asthma is a multifactorial airway disease that arises from a relatively common genetic background interphased with exposures to allergens and airborne irritants. The rapid rise in asthma over the past three decades in Western societies has been attributed to numerous diverse factors, including increased awareness of th... | 0 |
88,453 | The relationship between ambient air pollution and heart rate variability differs for individuals with heart and pulmonary disease | Wheeler, A; Zanobetti, A; Gold, DR; Schwartz, J; Stone, P; Suh, HH | 2,006 | #Associations between concentrations of ambient fine particles [particulate matter < 2.5 microm aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5)] and heart rate variability (HRV) have differed by study population. We examined the effects of ambient pollution on HRV for 18 individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and 1... | 1 |
597,620 | Augmented responses to ozone in obese carboxypeptidase E-deficient mice | Johnston, RA; Theman, TA; Shore, SA | 2,006 | We reported previously that mice obese as a result of leptin deficiency (ob/ob) have enhanced ozone (O3)-induced airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and inflammation compared with wild-type (C57BL/6) controls. To determine whether this increased response to O3 was independent of the modality of obesity, we examined O3-ind... | 0 |
157,109 | Mesoscale modeling of Central American smoke transport to the United States: 1. "Top-down" assessment of emission strength and diurnal variation impacts | Wang, J; Christopher, SA; Nair, US; Reid, JS; Prins, EM; Szykman, J; Hand, JL | 2,006 | As is typical in the Northern Hemisphere spring, during 20 April to 21 May 2003, significant biomass burning smoke from Central America was transported to the southeastern United States (SEUS). A coupled aerosol, radiation, and meteorology model that is built upon the heritage of the Regional Atmospheric Modeling Syste... | 1 |
128,871 | High levels of ozone and related gases over the Bay of Bengal during winter and early spring of 2001 | Lal, S; Chand, D; Sahu, LK; Venkataramani, S; Brasseur, G; Schultz, MG | 2,006 | Measurements Of Surface ozone and related trace gases were made over a broader region of the Bay of Bengal along with measurements over the Indian Ocean and the Arabian Sea during a Bay of Bengal Experiment (BOBEX) conducted from 18 February to 23 March, 2001. Higher levels of ozone (60-64ppbv) were observed over the c... | 0 |
90,176 | Association between air pollution and asthma admission among children in Hong Kong | Lee, SL; Wong, WHS; Lau, YL | 2,006 | OBJECTIVE: To examine the association of air pollutants with hospital admission for childhood asthma in Hong Kong. METHODS: Data on hospital admissions for asthma, influenza and total hospital admissions in children aged < or =18 years at all Hospital Authority hospitals during 1997-2002 were obtained. Data on daily me... | 0 |
509,661 | The distribution and sources of heavy metals in Izmit Bay surface sediments affected by a polluted stream | Pekey, H | 2,006 | Dil Deresi stream is a highly contaminated stream passing through the most heavily industrialized area of lzmit Bay. In this research, surface sediments in the < 63-mu m, fraction collected from 34 sites at western part of lzmit Bay, Northeastern Marmara Sea, Turkey were analyzed by ICP-AES for Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, ... | 0 |
496,934 | The Akoya pearl oyster shell as an archival monitor of lead exposure | Macfarlane, GR; Markich, SJ; Linz, K; Gifford, S; Dunstan, RH; O'Connor, W; Russell, RA | 2,006 | The Akoya pearl oyster (Pinctada imbricata) was experimentally exposed to (a) constant levels of lead (Pb) at 180 mu g L-I for nine weeks, or (b) two short term (pulse) exposures of Pb at 180 mu g L-1 (three weeks each) with an intervening deputation period (three weeks), to assess its utility as an (i) accumulative mo... | 0 |
89,249 | Simultaneous lidar and EOS MLS measurements, and modeling, of a rare polar ozone filament event over Mauna Loa Observatory, Hawaii | Leblanc, T; Tripathi, OP; McDermid, IS; Froidevaux, L; Livesey, NJ; Read, WG; Waters, JW | 2,006 | In mid-March 2005, a rare lower stratospheric polar vortex filamentation event was observed simultaneously by the JPL lidar at Mauna Loa Observatory, Hawaii, and by the EOS MLS instrument onboard the Aura satellite. The event coincided with the beginning of the spring 2005 final warming. On 16 March, the filament was o... | 0 |
90,709 | Air pollution and postneonatal mortality in a tropical city: Kaohsiung, Taiwan | Tsai, SS; Chen, CC; Hsieh, HJ; Chang, CC; Yang, CY | 2,006 | With growing evidence of the association between daily mortality and air pollution in adults, it is important to investigate whether infants are also susceptible to the adverse health effects of ambient air pollutants. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between air pollution and postneonatal morta... | 1 |
199,281 | Contribution of first- versus second-generation products to secondary organic aerosols formed in the oxidation of biogenic hydrocarbons | Ng, NL; Kroll, JH; Keywood, MD; Bahreini, R; Varutbangkul, V; Flagan, RC; Seinfeld, JH; Lee, A; Goldstein, AH | 2,006 | Biogenic hydrocarbons emitted by vegetation are important contributors to secondary organic aerosol (SOA), but the aerosol formation mechanisms are incompletely understood. In this study, the formation of aerosols and gas-phase products from the ozonolysis and photooxidation of a series of biogenic hydrocarbons (isopre... | 0 |
90,177 | Feasibility study of preparation and certification of reference materials for nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide in diffusive samplers | Gerboles, M; Buzica, D; Amantini, L; Lagler, F; Hafkenscheid, T | 2,006 | This paper presents the results of a feasability study for the preparation and certification of reference materials (RMs) for nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) in diffusive samplers. RMs for NO2 were prepared by exposure to gas mixtures in a chamber while the RMs for SO2 were prepared by liquid spiking. C... | 0 |
191,213 | Acquired changes in stomatal characteristics in response to ozone during plant growth and leaf development of bush beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) indicate phenotypic plasticity | Elagoz, V; Han, SS; Manning, WJ | 2,006 | Bush bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) lines 'S156' (O-3-sensitive)/'R123' (O-3-tolerant) and cultivars 'BBL 290' (O-3-sensitive)/'BBL 274' (O-3-tolerant) were used to study the effects Of 03 on stomatal conductance (g(s)), density, and aperture size on leaf and pod surfaces with the objective of establishing links between ... | 0 |
96,491 | Cyclic exposure to ozone alters distal airway development in infant rhesus monkeys | Fanucchi, MV; Plopper, CG; Evans, MJ; Hyde, DM; Van Winkle, LS; Gershwin, LJ; Schelegle, ES | 2,006 | Inner city children exposed to high levels of ozone suffer from an increased prevalence of respiratory diseases. Lung development in children is a long-term process, and there is a significant period of time during development when children growing up in urban areas are exposed to oxidant air pollution. This study was ... | 1 |
191,308 | Differential ozone sensitivity in an old and a modem Swedish wheat cultivar - grain yield and quality, leaf chlorophyll and stomatal conductance | Pleijel, H; Eriksen, AB; Danielsson, H; Bondesson, N; Sellden, G | 2,006 | Field-grown crops of one modem ('Dragon') and one 100-year old ('Lantvete') wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar were exposed to charcoal-filtered air (CF) or non-filtered air plus additional ozone (NF+) in open-top chambers (n = 6). Ambient air plots (11 = 3) were used to monitor the effects of the chamber enclosure.... | 0 |
195,634 | Increased susceptibility of hyperthyroid rats to ozone: Early events and mechanisms | Huffman, LJ; Beighley, CM; Frazer, DG; Mckinney, WG; Porter, DW | 2,006 | Previous studies demonstrated that ozone-induced lung damage and inflammation are much greater in hyperthyroid rats, compared to normal rats, at 18 h postexposure. The purpose of the present investigation was to study early events and mechanisms underlying the increased sensitivity to ozone in a hyperthyroid state. Spe... | 0 |
191,444 | How does elevated CO2 or ozone affect the leaf-area index of soybean when applied independently? | Dermody, O; Long, SP; Delucia, EH | 2,006 | Changes in leaf-area index (LAI) may alter ecosystem productivity in elevated [CO2] or [O-3]. By increasing the apparent quantum yield of photosynthesis (phi(c,max)), elevated [CO2] may increase maximum LAI. However, [O-3] when elevated independently accelerates senescence and may reduce LAI. Large plots (20 m diameter... | 0 |
90,560 | Review of the governing equations, computational algorithms, and other components of the models-3 community multiscale air quality (CMAQ) modeling system | Byun, D; Schere, KL | 2,006 | This article describes the governing equations, computational algorithms, and other components entering into the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) modeling system. This system has been designed to approach air quality as a whole by including state-of-the-science capabilities for modeling multiple air quality issu... | 1 |
156,236 | Climate change and air quality - measures with co-benefits in China | Aunan, K; Fang, J; Hu, T; Seip, HM; Vennemo, H | 2,006 | null | 0 |
595,108 | Technical note: Evaluation of standard ultraviolet absorption ozone monitors in a polluted urban environment | Dunlea, EJ; Herndon, SC; Nelson, DD; Volkamer, RM; Lamb, BK; Allwine, EJ; Grutter, M; Ramos Villegas, CR; Marquez, C; Blanco, S; Cardenas, B; Kolb, CE; Molina, LT; Molina, MJ | 2,006 | The performance of the EPA Federal Equivalent Method (FEM) technique for monitoring ambient concentrations of O3 via ultraviolet absorption (UV) has been evaluated using data from the Mexico City Metropolitan Area (MCMA-2003) field campaign. Comparisons of UV O3 monitors with open path Differential Optical Absorption S... | 1 |
618,672 | Statistical models to assess the health effects and to forecast ground-level ozone | Schlink, U; Herbarth, O; Richter, M; Dorling, S; Nunnari, G; Cawley, G; Pelikan, E | 2,006 | Abstract: By means of statistical approaches we attempt to bridge both aspects of the ground-level ozone problem: assessment of health effects and forecasting and warning. Disagreement has been highlighted in the literature recently regarding the adverse health effects of tropospheric ozone pollution. Based on a panel ... | 0 |
90,066 | Seasonal NH3 emissions for the continental United States: inverse model estimation and evaluation | Gilliland, AB; Appela, KW; Pinder, RW; Dennis, RL | 2,006 | Significant uncertainty exists in the seasonal distribution of NH3 emissions since the predominant sources are animal husbandry and fertilizer application. Previous studies that estimated bottom-up and top-down NH3 emissions have provided the most comprehensive information available about the seasonality of NH3 emissio... | 0 |
619,867 | [Relationship between the exposure to ozone in Seoul and the childhood asthma-related hospital admissions according to the socioeconomic status] | Son, JY; Kim, H; Lee, JT; Kim, SY | 2,006 | BACKGROUND: A number of studies have reported associations between the ambient air pollution concentrations and various health outcomes. Especially, ozone is well known for primary risk factor of asthma attacks. The results of a recent study indicate that the size of the effect on health outcomes due to air pollution v... | 0 |
651,872 | Short- and long-wave UV light (UVB and UVA) induce similar mutations in human skin cells | Kappes, UP; Luo, D; Potter, M; Schulmeister, K; Runger, TM | 2,006 | While the mutagenic and carcinogenic properties of longwave UV light (UVA) are well established, mechanisms of UVA mutagenesis remain a matter of debate. To elucidate the mechanisms of mutation formation with UVA in human skin, we determined the spectra of UVA- and UVB-induced mutations in primary human fibroblasts. As... | 0 |
88,728 | Element interactions limit soil carbon storage | Van Groenigen, KJ; Six, J; Hungate, BA; De Graaff, MA; Van Breemen, N; Van Kessel, C | 2,006 | Rising levels of atmospheric CO2 are thought to increase C sinks in
terrestrial ecosystems. The potential of these sinks to mitigate CO2
emissions, however, may be constrained by nutrients. By using
metaanalysis, we found that elevated CO2 only causes accumulation
of soil C when N is added at rates well above typical a... | 0 |
90,319 | A combined approach for the evaluation of a volatile organic compound emissions inventory | Choi, YJ; Calabrese, RV; Ehrman, SH; Dickerson, RR; Stehr, JW | 2,006 | Emissions inventories significantly affect photochemical air quality model performance and the development of effective control strategies. However, there have been very few studies to evaluate their accuracy. Here, to evaluate a volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions inventory, we implemented a combined approach: c... | 0 |
633,892 | UV-absorption-based measurements of ozone and mercury: An investigation on their mutual interferences | Li, Y; Lee, SR; Wu, CY | 2,006 | Continuous mercury monitors (CMMs) have the advantage of performing real-time or near real-time measurement, although they are often vulnerable to measurement interferences. For example, CMMs based on atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) are subject to interferences by components of the sample gas, such as ozone, if th... | 1 |
595,539 | Structural changes in the vascular bundles of light-exposed and shaded spruce needles suffering from Mg deficiency and ozone pollution | Boxler-Baldoma, C; Lutz, C; Heumann, HG; Siefermann-Harms, D | 2,006 | The correlation between structural changes of the vascular bundles and needle yellowing was examined for needles of damaged spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) growing at a Mg-deficient and ozone polluted mountain site in the Central Black Forest (840 m a.s.l.). In the previous year's sun-exposed needles, the following se... | 0 |
613,675 | National Children's Study: environmental exposures in Waukesha County | Mcelroy, JA; Anderson, HA; Durkin, MS; Cronk, CE | 2,006 | The National Children's Study (NCS), launched in September of 2005, will investigate the effects of environmental exposures and children's health and development. Waukesha County, Wis was selected as 1 of 7 sites to spearhead this ambitious undertaking. Residents of Waukesha County may experience different kinds of env... | 0 |
596,396 | Differentiation of the roles of NO from airway epithelium and inflammatory cells in ozone-induced lung inflammation | Kenyon, NJ; Last, MS; Eiserich, JP; Morrissey, BM; Temple, LM; Last, JA | 2,006 | Mice lacking inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2-/-) are more susceptible to ozone-induced lung inflammation and injury than their isogenic wild-type (NOS2+/+) counterparts, demonstrating an apparent protective effect for NOS2 in murine lungs. We hypothesized that nitric oxide (NO) generated from either NOS2 in the a... | 0 |
196,515 | Air pollution and type 1 diabetes in children | Hathout, EH; Beeson, WL; Ischander, M; Rao, R; Mace, JW | 2,006 | BACKGROUND: Over the past decade, there has been a worldwide largely unexplained increase in the incidence of type 1 diabetes in young children. This study explores the quantitative role of exposure to specific air pollutants in the development of type 1 diabetes in children.
METHODS: A total of 402 children were ret... | 0 |
89,052 | Inhalation intake of ambient air pollution in California's South Coast Air Basin | Marshall, JD; Granvold, PW; Hoats, AS; Mckone, TE; Deakin, E; Nazaroff, WW | 2,006 | Reliable estimates of inhalation intake of air pollution and its distribution among a specified population are important for environmental epidemiology, health risk assessment, urban planning, and environmental policy. We computed distributional characteristics of the inhalation intake of five pollutants for a group of... | 0 |
79,186 | Season-long elevation of ozone concentration to projected 2050 levels under fully open-air conditions substantially decreases the growth and production of soybean | Morgan, PB; Mies, TA; Bollero, GA; Nelson, RL; Long, SP | 2,006 | Mean surface ozone concentration is predicted to increase 25% by 2050. Previous chamber studies of crops report large yield losses due to elevation of tropospheric ozone, and have been the basis for projecting economic loss. -This is the first study with a food crop (soybean) using Free-Air gas Concentration Enrichment... | 1 |
191,621 | Preliminary assessment of risk of ozone impacts to maize (Zea mays) in southern Africa | van Tienhoven, AM; Zunckel, M; Emberson, L; Koosailee, A; Otter, L | 2,006 | Surface ozone concentrations in southern Africa exceed air quality guidelines set to protect agricultural crops. This paper addresses a knowledge gap by performing a preliminary assessment of potential ozone impacts on vegetation in southern African. Maize (Zea mays L.) is the receptor of interest in the main maize pro... | 0 |
90,300 | On joint deterministic grid modeling and sub-grid variability conceptual framework for model evaluation | Ching, J; Herwehe, J; Swall, J | 2,006 | The general situation (but exemplified in urban areas), where a significant degree of sub-grid variability (SGV) exists in grid models poses problems when comparing grid-based air-quality modeling results with observations. Typically, grid models ignore or parameterize processes and features that are at their sub-grid ... | 1 |
191,557 | Ozone - a significant threat to future world food production? | Ashmore, M; Toet, S; Emberson, L | 2,006 | null | 0 |
596,366 | Estrogen counteracts ozone-induced oxidative stress and nigral neuronal death | Angoa-Perez, M; Jiang, H; Rodriguez, AI; Lemini, C; Levine, RA; Rivas-Arancibia, S | 2,006 | Oxidative stress is implicated in the premature death of dopamine neurons in substantia nigra in Parkinson's disease. The incidence of Parkinson's disease is higher in men than in women, and estrogen may provide neuroprotection against oxidative damage. We examined the protective effects of estrogen on rat nigral death... | 1 |
596,447 | Genetic polymorphisms in arginase I and II and childhood asthma and atopy | Li, H; Romieu, I; Sienra-Monge, JJ; Ramirez-Aguilar, M; Estela del Rio-Navarro, B; Kistner, EO; Gjessing, HK; Irma del Carmen, LS; Chiu, GY; London, SJ | 2,006 | Background?A recent microarray study implicated arginase I (ARG1) and arginase II (ARG2) in mouse allergic asthma models and human asthma.
Objectives?To examine the association between genetic variation in ARG1 and ARG2 and childhood asthma and atopy risk.
Methods?We enrolled 433 case-parent triads, consisting of ast... | 1 |
597,955 | Increased pulmonary responses to acute ozone exposure in obese db/db mice | Lu, FL; Johnston, RA; Flynt, L; Theman, TA; Terry, RD; Schwartzman, IN; Lee, A; Shore, SA | 2,006 | Epidemiological studies indicate the incidence of asthma is increased in obese and overweight humans. Responses to ozone (O(3)), an asthma trigger, are increased in obese (ob/ob) mice lacking the satiety hormone leptin. The long form of leptin receptor (Ob-R(b)) is required for satiety; mice lacking this receptor (db/d... | 0 |
196,521 | Relationship between ozone and temperature during the 2003 heat wave in France: Consequences for health data analysis | Lacour, SA; de Monte, M; Diot, P; Brocca, J; Veron, N; Colin, P; Leblond, V | 2,006 | BACKGROUND: PAPRICA is a research program designed to estimate the impact on the health of patients with chronic respiratory insufficiency of a prevention strategy based on notification of ozone pollution. The first year of this study was conducted during the 2003 heat wave, and high temperatures were therefore conside... | 0 |
87,991 | Fine particulate air pollution and mortality in nine California counties: Results from CALFINE | Ostro, B; Broadwin, R; Green, S; Feng, WY; Lipsett, M | 2,006 | #Many epidemiologic studies provide evidence of an association between daily counts of mortality and ambient particulate matter < 10 Am in diameter (PM10). Relatively few studies, however, have investigated the relationship of mortality with fine particles [PM < 2.5 Am in diameter (PM2.5)], especially in a multicity se... | 0 |
87,680 | The exposure-response curve for ozone and risk of mortality and the adequacy of current ozone regulations | Bell, ML; Peng, RD; Dominici, F | 2,006 | Time-series analyses have shown that ozone is associated with increased risk of premature mortality, but little is known about how O3 affects health at low concentrations. A critical scientific and policy question is whether a threshold level exists below which O3 does not adversely affect mortality. We developed and a... | 0 |
87,681 | Comparison of chamber 6.6-h exposures to 0.04-0.08 PPM ozone via square-wave and triangular profiles on pulmonary responses | Adams, WC | 2,006 | It has become increasingly well realized that laboratory simulations of air pollution risk assessment need to employ O3 concentration profiles that more accurately mimic those encountered during summer daylight ambient air pollution episodes. The present study was designed to compare the pulmonary function and symptoms... | 1 |
597,513 | The effect of increased ozone concentrations in the air on selected aspects of rat reproduction | Jedlinska-Krakowska, M; Gizejewski, Z; Dietrich, GJ; Jakubowski, K; Glogowski, J; Penkowski, A | 2,006 | Five-month-old male rates were exposed to 0.5 ppm ozone for 50 days, 5 hours a day. A week before the completion of ozone exposure, a biological test was performed to determine the fertilization rate and the survival rate of newborns in both ozone-exposed and control animals. After 50 days, the rats were sacrificed wit... | 0 |
90,768 | The relationship of air pollution to ED visits for asthma differ between children and adults | Sun, HL; Chou, MC; Lue, KH | 2,006 | The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between air pollution and asthma exacerbation in children and adults. Pearson analysis was used to establish correlations between air pollutants-sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, carbon monoxide, and particles with an aerodynamic diameter of 10 microm or... | 0 |
107,355 | Evaluation of ozone-nitrogen oxides-volatile organic compound sensitivity of Cincinnati, Ohio | Torres-Jardon, R; Keener, TC | 2,006 | Ambient concentrations of ozone (O3), nitrogen oxides (NOx), total reactive nitrogen (NOy), nitric acid (HNO3), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) were measured during September 2003 at an urban site of Cincinnati, OH. The aim of this study was two-fold: to investigate whether O3 formation in this population exposure-type si... | 0 |
694,621 | Ozone exposure assessment in North Carolina using Bayesian maximum entropy data integration of space time observations and air quality model prediction | de Nazelle, A; Serre, ML | 2,006 | null | 0 |
195,640 | Impact of oxidative stress and supplementation with vitamins E and C on testes morphology in rats | Jedlinska-Krakowska, M; Bomba, G; Jakubowski, K; Rotkiewicz, T; Jana, B; Penkowskii, A | 2,006 | The aim of the study was to verify whether an increased supply of vitamins E and C prevents the detrimental effects of ozone on the testes. The experiment was performed on 5-month-old rats exposed to ozone (0.5 ppm) for 50 days (5 h daily). Simultaneously, the animals were injected with the vitamins in 5-day intervals ... | 1 |
88,427 | Increased risk of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation episodes associated with acute increases in ambient air pollution | Rich, DQ; Mittleman, MA; Link, MS; Schwartz, J; Luttmann-Gibson, H; Catalano, PJ; Speizer, FE; Gold, DR; Dockery, DW | 2,006 | #Objectives: We reported previously that 24-hr moving average ambient air pollution concentrations were positively associated with ventricular arrhythmias detected by implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs). ICDs also detect paroxysmal atrial fibrillation episodes (PAF) that result in rapid ventricular rates. In... | 1 |
597,530 | Tropospheric emission spectrometer: Retrieval method and error analysis | Bowman, KW; Rodgers, CD; Kulawik, SS; Worden, J; Sarkissian, E; Osterman, G; Steck, T; Ming, L; Eldering, A; Shephard, M; Worden, H; Lampel, M; Clough, S; Brown, P; Rinsland, C; Gunson, M; Beer, R | 2,006 | We describe the approach for the estimation of the atmospheric state, e.g., temperature, water, ozone, from calibrated, spectral radiances measured from the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) onboard the Aura spacecraft. The methodology is based on the maximum a posteriori estimate, which mathematically requires ... | 0 |
191,482 | Interactions between nitrogen fertilization and ozone in watermelon cultivar Reina de Corazones in open-top chambers. Effects on chlorophyll alpha fluorescence, lipid peroxidation, and yield | Calatayud, A; Pomares, F; Barreno, E | 2,006 | Watermelon (Citrillus lanants) plants were grown for two consecutive years in open-top chambers with three different ozone concentrations (O-3-free air, O-3 ambient, and air with additional O-3; CFA, NFA, and NFA+O-3) and three nitrogen fertilizer concentrations [0, 14, and 29.6 g N per pot; N0, N1, and N2). There was ... | 1 |
199,325 | Air quality biomonitoring: Assessment of air pollution genotoxicity in the Province of Novara (North Italy) by using Trifolium repens L. and molecular markers | Piraino, F; Aina, R; Palin, L; Prato, N; Sgorbati, S; Santagostino, A; Citterio, S | 2,006 | Mixed air pollutants are considered a major cause of DNA damage in living species. In this study Trifolium repens L. cv Regal was used as a bioindicator to assess the genotoxicity of air stressors in the Italian province of Novara. Two on-site biomonitoring experiments were performed during the spring and autumn of 200... | 0 |
89,762 | A new model for investigating the mortality effects of multiple air pollutants in air pollution mortality time-series studies | Roberts, S | 2,006 | Because the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency regulates air pollutants independently, the majority of time-series studies on air pollution and mortality have focused on estimating the adverse health effects of a single pollutant. However, due to the sometimes high correlation between air pollutants, the results from... | 0 |
623,157 | Cumulative effects of air pollution on public health | Xia, Y; Tong, H | 2,006 | Cumulative effect is an important way through which the pollutants affect public health. However, few existing dynamical models are well enough understood and documented to detect or quantify the cumulative effects and to answer pertinent questions posed by the World Health Organization (WHO): 'Is there a threshold bel... | 0 |
89,370 | Diverse responses of phenology to global changes in a grassland ecosystem | Cleland, EE; Chiariello, NR; Loarie, SR; Mooney, HA; Field, CB | 2,006 | Shifting plant phenology (i.e., timing of flowering and other developmental events) in recent decades establishes that species and ecosystems are already responding to global environmental change. Earlier flowering and an extended period of active plant growth across much of the northern hemisphere have been interprete... | 0 |
95,768 | Measurement of atmospheric NO2 by pulsed cavity ring-down spectroscopy | Osthoff, HD; Brown, SS; Ryerson, TB; Fortin, TJ; Lerner, BM; Williams, EJ; Pettersson, A; Baynard, T; Dube, WP; Ciciora, SJ; Ravishankara, AR | 2,006 | We have constructed a pulsed cavity ring-down spectrometer ( CARDS) for simultaneous measurements of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), the nitrate radical (NO3), and dinitrogen pentoxide (N2O5) in the atmosphere. In this paper, we describe the development of the instrument to measure NO2 via its absorption at 532 nm. The NO2 det... | 0 |
191,209 | The 2003 European heat wave: Which role for ozone? Some data from Tuscany, central Italy | Pellegrini, E; Lorenzini, G; Nali, C | 2,007 | A unique, record-breaking, killer heat wave occurred across several European countries during the first two weeks of August 2003. As weather conditions which characterize heat waves are highly conductive to tropospheric ozone formation and persistence, this is a contributing factor which should be regarded as a major s... | 0 |
196,925 | Alfalfa nutritive quality for ruminant livestock as influenced by ambient air quality in west-central Alberta | Lin, JC; Nosal, M; Muntifering, RB; Krupa, SV | 2,007 | Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) nutritive quality response to ambient ozone (O-3), sulfur dioxide (SO2) and oxides of nitrogen (NOx) were assessed at three locations in west-central Alberta, Canada (1998-2002). Yield data were segregated into high and low relative to overall median yield. Ozone concentrations (hourly median ... | 1 |
548,775 | Infant morbidity caused by respiratory diseases and its relation with the air pollution in Juarez City, Chihuahua, Mexico | Hernandez-Cadena, L; Barraza-Villarreal, A; Ramirez-Aguilar, M; Moreno-Macias, H; Miller, P; Carbajal-Arroyo, LA; Romieu, I | 2,007 | OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of atmospheric pollutants on the respiratory health of children of different age groups in Juarez City, Chihuahua, Mexico. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Data on emergency room visits between 1997 and 2001 for respiratory diseases in children less than 17 years old were obtained from hospitals in... | 0 |
152,607 | Black carbon aerosols and gaseous pollutants in an urban area in North India during a fog period | Badarinath, KVS; Latha, KM; Chand, TRK; Reddy, RR; Gopal, KR; Reddy, LSS; Narasimhulu, K; Kumar, KR | 2,007 | Northern regions of India experience severe fog conditions during the winter period (December?January) each year. In the present study, concurrent measurements of black carbon aerosols (BC), Carbon monoxide (CO), Surface Ozone (O3) and oxides of Nitrgen (NOx) have been carried out in Allahabad, located in northern Indi... | 0 |
624,691 | Evaluation of ambient air quality in Guangzhou, China | Zhou, K; Ye, YH; Liu, Q; Liu, AJ; Peng, SL | 2,007 | On the basis of the reported air quality index (API) and air pollutant monitoring data provided by the Guangzhou Environment Monitoring Stations over the last twenty-five years, the characteristics of air quality, prominent pollutants, and variation of the average annual concentrations Of SO2, NO2, total suspended part... | 0 |
535,124 | Environmental hazards: Evidence for effects on child health | Wigle, DT; Arbuckle, TE; Walker, M; Wade, MG; Liu, SL; Krewski, D | 2,007 | The human fetus, child, and adult may experience adverse health outcomes from parental or childhood exposures to environmental toxicants. The fetus and infant are especially vulnerable to toxicants that disrupt developmental processes during relatively narrow time windows. This review summarizes knowledge of associatio... | 0 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.