REFERENCE_ID int64 273 7.3M | TITLE stringlengths 4 390 | AUTHORS stringlengths 5 1.43k ⌀ | YEAR int64 1.85k 2.02k ⌀ | ABSTRACT stringlengths 1 18.4k ⌀ | CITED int64 0 1 |
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195,732 | Comparison of axisymmetric and three-dimensional models for gas uptake in a single bifurcation during steady expiration | Madasu, S; Ultman, JS; Borhan, A | 2,008 | Reactive gas uptake is predicted and compared in a single bifurcation at steady expiratory flow in terms of Sherwood number using an axisymmetric single-path model (ASPM) and a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics model (CFDM). ASPM is validated in a two-generation geometry by comparing the average gas-phase ... | 0 |
196,881 | Ozone distribution and phytotoxic potential in mixed conifer forests of the San Bernardino Mountains, Southern California | Bytnerowicz, A; Arbaugh, M; Schilling, S; Fraczek, W; Alexander, D | 2,008 | In the San Bernardino Mountains of southern California. ozone (03) concentrations have been elevated since the 1950s with peaks reaching 600 ppb and summer seasonal averages > 100 ppb in the 1970s. During that period increased mortality of ponderosa and Jeffrey pines occurred. Between the late 1970s and late 1990s, O-3... | 1 |
651,878 | Effect of UVB irradiation on the immune system and gene expression of the skin | Lee, JP; Ju, JH; Lee, JK; Sohn, KH; Lim, CH; Hong, SK; Kim, JR; Ock, SW; Kim, J; Kim, IY; Kim, SH; Park, KL | 2,008 | null | 0 |
601,260 | Physical sedimentology experiments with sulfuric acid solutions: Implications for Mars? | Benison, KC; Laclair, D; Walker, J | 2,008 | Physical sedimentology experiments have shown that sulfuric
acid solutions may have formed some surface features seen on Mars. Recent data returned from Mars
show the presence of jarosite, sulfate salts, hematite, phyllosilicates, and opaline silica, all
of which precipitate from some terrestrial sulfuric acid solut... | 0 |
191,484 | Interactive effects of elevated ozone and springtime frost on growth and physiology of birch (Betula pendula) in field conditions | Silfver, T; Haikio, E; Rousi, M; Holopainen, T; Oksanen, E | 2,008 | We studied the impact of ozone enrichment and late frost, singly and interactively, on four birch (Betula pendula Roth) families selected from a naturally regenerated birch stand in southeastern Finland. Seedlings were exposed to 1.5x ambient ozone over one and a half growing seasons using free-air ozone enrichment sys... | 0 |
2,084,026 | The North American Mercury Model Intercomparison Study (NAMMIS): Study description and model-to-model comparisons | Bullock, OR, Jr; Atkinson, D; Braverman, T; Civerolo, K; Dastoor, A; Davignon, D; Ku, JiaY; Lohman, K; Myers, TC; Park, RJ; Seigneur, C; Selin, NE; Sistla, G; Vijayaraghavan, K | 2,008 | An atmospheric mercury model intercomparison study has been conducted to compare three regional-scale atmospheric mercury models, CMAQ, REMSAD, and TEAM, in a tightly constrained testing environment with a focus on North America. Each of these models used the same horizontal modeling grid, pollutant emission informatio... | 0 |
785,549 | Atmospheric hydroxyl radical production from electronically excited NO2 and H2O | Li, S; Matthews, J; Sinha, A | 2,008 | Hydroxyl radicals are often called the "detergent" of the atmosphere because they control the atmosphere's capacity to cleanse itself of pollutants. Here, we show that the reaction of electronically excited nitrogen dioxide with water can be an important source of tropospheric hydroxyl radicals. Using measure... | 0 |
597,844 | Effect of obesity on pulmonary inflammation induced by acute ozone exposure: role of interleukin-6 | Lang, JE; Williams, ES; Mizgerd, JP; Shore, SA | 2,008 | To determine the role of interleukin (IL)-6 in the increased ozone (O3)-induced inflammation and injury observed in obese vs. lean mice, lean wild-type and leptin-deficient obese (ob/ob) mice were injected with anti-IL-6 antibody (Ab) or isotype control Ab 24 h before exposure to either O3 (2 ppm for 3 h) or room air. ... | 0 |
196,890 | Effects of decadal exposure to interacting elevated CO2 and/or O-3 on paper birch (Betula papyrifera) reproduction | Darbah, JNT; Kubiske, ME; Nelson, N; Oksanen, E; Vapaavuori, E; Kamosky, DF | 2,008 | We studied the effects of long-term exposure (nine years) of birch (Benda papyrifera) trees to elevated CO2 and/or O-3 on reproduction and seedling development at the Aspen FACE (Free-Air Carbon Dioxide Enrichment) site in Rhinelander, WI. We found that elevated CO, increased both the number of trees that flowered and ... | 1 |
601,317 | A Bayesian approach to functional-based multilevel modeling of longitudinal data: applications to environmental epidemiology | Berhane, K; Molitor, NT | 2,008 | Flexible multilevel models are proposed to allow for cluster-specific smooth estimation of growth curves in a mixed-effects modeling format that includes subject-specific random effects on the growth parameters. Attention is then focused on models that examine between-cluster comparisons of the effects of an ecologic c... | 0 |
651,882 | Ultraviolet radiation and malignant melanoma | Moan, J; Porojnicu, AC; Dahlback, A | 2,008 | Essential features of the epidemiology and photobiology of cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) in Norway were studied in comparison with data from countries at lower latitudes. Arguments for and against a relationship between ultraviolet radiation (UV) from sun and sun beds are discussed. Our data indicate that UV is a ... | 0 |
694,297 | Solar ultraviolet irradiance and cancer incidence and mortality | Grant, WB | 2,008 | Evidence supporting the UVB/vitamin D/cancer theory continues to mount with little detraction, although there are some inconsistent results, such as some from Nordic countries, with respect to serum calcidiol levels. Also, studies designed and conducted before it was realized that dietary sources are largely inadequate... | 0 |
694,296 | Sunlight, UV-radiation, vitamin D and skin cancer: How much sunlight do we need | Holick, M | 2,008 | Vtamin D is the sunshine vitamin for good reason. During exposure to sunlight, the utraviolet B photons enter the skin and photolyze 7-dehydrocholesterol to previtamin D3 which in turn is isomerized by the body's temperature to vitamin D3. Most humans have depended on sun for their vitamin D requirement. Skin pigment, ... | 0 |
191,418 | Functional leaf traits, plant communities and acclimation processes in relation to oxidative stress in trees: A critical overview | Bussotti, F | 2,008 | Tropospheric ozone exercises pressure on vegetation in combination with other oxidative factors such as strong sunlight, UV-B radiation, high temperatures and water shortage. The relationship established between these factors and the plants can be either antagonistic (cross-resistance) or synergistic. Response mechanis... | 0 |
193,795 | The missing data problem in birth weight percentiles and thresholds for "small-for-gestational-age" | Hutcheon, JA; Platt, RW | 2,008 | Weight-for-gestational-age charts and definitions of "small-for-gestational-age" based on the distribution of livebirths at a given gestational age have conventionally been used to identify infants whose fetal growth is poor. However, references based on the weights of only livebirths have serious shortcomings at prete... | 1 |
620,282 | Formation and transport of photooxidants over Europe during the July 2006 heat wave -- observations and GEM-AQ model simulations | Struzewska, J; Kaminski, JW | 2,008 | The European heat wave of July 2006 was caused by advection of very hot and dry air from North Africa. Air masses were transported on the western edge of the high pressure system, centred over Eastern Europe, resulting in exceptionally high air temperatures over large areas of the continent. In the first two weeks of J... | 0 |
196,885 | Interactions of forests with secondary air pollutants: Some challenges for future research | Cape, JN | 2,008 | The effects of ozone and other photochemical oxidants on individual trees have been studied for several decades, but there has been much less research on the potential effects on entire forest ecosystems. Given that ozone and other oxidants affect the production and subsequent fare of biogenic volatile organic compound... | 0 |
191,343 | Effects of elevated CO2 on the protein concentration of food crops: A meta-analysis | Taub, DR; Miller, B; Allen, H | 2,008 | Meta-analysis techniques were used to examine the effect of elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide [CO2] on the protein concentrations of major food crops, incorporating 228 experimental observations on barley, rice, wheat, soybean and potato. Each crop had lower protein concentrations when grown at elevated (540-958 mu m... | 0 |
695,376 | The effects of air pollution and climate change on pulmonary diseases | Rohde, G | 2,008 | From as early as 1930 there has been evidence for effects on health of air pollution. Ozone, particulates and nitrogen dioxide are the most important pollutants today. The acute increase in air pollution leads to a significant raise in morbidity and mortality. Hospital admissions of patients with chronic obstructive pu... | 0 |
597,546 | Modulation of ozone-induced airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation by interleukin-13 | Williams, AS; Nath, P; Leung, SY; Khorasani, N; Mckenzie, ANJ; Adcock, IM; Chung, KF | 2,008 | The present study aimed to determine whether the T-helper cell type 2-derived cytokines, interleukin (IL)-4 and -13, can modulate the lung response to ozone exposure.
IL-13-/-, IL-4/13-/- and IL-13-overexpressing transgenic (Tg) mice were exposed to ozone (3 ppm; 3 h) or air. Wild-type (Wt) Balb/c mice and transgenic... | 1 |
196,905 | Visible leaf injury in young trees of Fagus sylvatica L. and Quercus robur L. in relation to ozone uptake and ozone exposure. An Open-Top Chambers experiment in South Alpine environmental conditions | Gerosa, G; Marzuoli, R; Desotgiu, R; Bussotti, F; Ballarin-Denti, A | 2,008 | An Open-Top Chambers experiment on Fagus sylvatica and Quercus robur seedlings was conducted in order to compare the performance of an exposure-based (AOT40) and a flux-based approaches in predicting the appearance of ozone visible injuries on leaves. Three different ozone treatments (charcoal-filtered; non-filtered; a... | 0 |
156,448 | The impact of secondary particles on the association between ambient ozone and mortality | Franklin, M; Schwartz, J | 2,008 | BACKGROUND: Although several previous studies have found a positive association between ambient ozone and mortality, the observed effect may be confounded by other secondary pollutants that are produced concurrently with ozone.
OBJECTIVES: We addressed the question of whether the ozone-mortality relationship is entire... | 1 |
835,652 | Green roof valuation: a probabilistic economic analysis of environmental benefits | Clark, C; Adriaens, P; Talbot, FB | 2,008 | Green (vegetated) roofs have gained global acceptance as a technologythat has the potential to help mitigate the multifaceted, complex environmental problems of urban centers. While policies that encourage green roofs exist atthe local and regional level, installation costs remain at a premium and deter investment in t... | 0 |
156,818 | Acute respiratory health effects of air pollution on children with asthma in US inner cities | O'Connor, GT; Neas, L; Vaughn, B; Kattan, M; Mitchell, H; Crain, EF; Evans, R, III; Gruchalla, R; Morgan, W; Stout, J; Adams, GK; Lippmann, M | 2,008 | Background
Children with asthma in inner-city communities may be particularly vulnerable to adverse effects of air pollution because of their airways disease and exposure to relatively high levels of motor vehicle emissions.
Objective
To investigate the association between fluctuations in outdoor air pollution and a... | 1 |
613,699 | Trans-Pacific dust events observed at Whistler, British Columbia during INTEX-B | Mckendry, IG; Macdonald, AM; Leaitch, WR; van Donkelaar, A; Zhang, Q; Duck, T; Martin, RV | 2,008 | The meteorology and physico-chemical characteristics of aerosol associated with two new cases of long range dust transport affecting western Canada during spring 2006 are described. Each event showed enhancements of both sulfate aerosol and crustal material of Asian origin. However, the events were of quite different c... | 0 |
615,116 | Impact of air pollution on the rate of hospital admission of children with respiratory diseases | Nikic, D; Bogdanovic, D; Stankovic, A; Nikolic, M; Milosevic, Z | 2,008 | Background/Aim. Numerous epidemiological studies have reported effects of air pollution on the prevalence of respiratory diseases in children. Association between air pollution and hospital admissions for respiratory diseases an-long children has not been investigated in our country yet. The purpose of this study was t... | 0 |
191,223 | Analysis of the ozone effect on soybean in the Mediterranean region II. The consequences on growth, yield and water use efficiency | Bou Jaoude, M; Katerji, N; Mastrorilli, M; Rana, G | 2,008 | Soybean plants were subjected, during their growing seasons, to well-watered and water-stressed conditions, and three levels of ozone concentration (zero, low and high) in open top chambers (OTCs). At the end of the soybean growing season accumulated AOT40 values were zero, 3400 and 9000 ppb h for the filtered (control... | 0 |
191,241 | Atmospheric oxidation capacity sustained by a tropical forest | Lelieveld, J; Butler, TM; Crowley, JN; Dillon, TJ; Fischer, H; Ganzeveld, L; Harder, H; Lawrence, MG; Martinez, M; Taraborrelli, D; Williams, J | 2,008 | Terrestrial vegetation, especially tropical rain forest, releases vast quantities of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) to the atmosphere(1-3), which are removed by oxidation reactions and deposition of reaction products(4-6). The oxidation is mainly initiated by hydroxyl radicals (OH), primarily formed through the phot... | 0 |
2,992,014 | Natural products as leads to potential drugs: An old process or the new hope for drug discovery? | Newman, DJ | 2,008 | null | 0 |
195,654 | Activation of neurokinin-1 receptors during ozone inhalation contributes to epithelial injury and repair | Oslund, KL; Hyde, DM; Putney, LF; Alfaro, MF; Walby, WF; Tyler, NK; Schelegle, ES | 2,008 | We investigated the importance of neurokinin (NK)-1 receptors in epithelial injury and repair and neutrophil function. Conscious Wistar rats were exposed to 1 ppm ozone or filtered air for 8 hours, followed by an 8-hour postexposure period. Before exposure, we administered either the NK-1 receptor antagonist, SR140333,... | 1 |
180,454 | Effects of ozone exposure in rat lungs investigated with hyperpolarized 3He MRI | Cremillieux, Y; Servais, S; Berthezene, Y; Dupuich, D; Boussouar, A; Stupar, V; Pequignot, JM | 2,008 | Purpose: To investigate the effects of subchronic ozone
exposure on rat lung ventilation using hyperpolarized (HP)
3He MRI.
Materials and Methods: A total of 24 Sprague-Dawley rats,
distributed in one control group and four groups exposed to
0.5 ppm ozone concentration for two days or six days,
either continuously (22 ... | 1 |
195,646 | Lung inflammation and thrombogenic responses in a time course study of Csb mice exposed to ozone | Kooter, IM; Frederix, K; Spronk, HMH; Boere, AJF; Leseman, D; van Steeg, H; ten Cate, H; Cassee, FR | 2,008 | Ozone is a well-known oxidant air pollutant, inhalation of which can result in oxidative stress, and lead to pulmonary inflammation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the time-course events after a single ozone exposure in transcription-coupled repair detective Csb and wild type mice. Mice were exposed for 3 h to 2... | 0 |
195,624 | Characterization and isolation of some genes of the shikimate pathway in sensitive and resistant Centaurea jacea plants after ozone exposure | Francini, A; Nali, C; Pellegrini, E; Lorenzini, G | 2,008 | Centaurea jacea has been suggested as a potential bioindicator for ozone, but little is known about its intraspecific variation in sensitivity, especially at molecular level. The effects of ozone (200 ppb, 5 h) on sensitive and resistant lines of Centaurea have been investigated at the end of fumigation. Sensitive plan... | 0 |
155,753 | Innate immune activation through Nalp3 inflammasome sensing of asbestos and silica | Dostert, C; Petrilli, V; Van Bruggen, R; Steele, C; Mossman, BT; Tschopp, J | 2,008 | The inhalation of airborne pollutants, such as asbestos or silica, is linked to inflammation of the lung, fibrosis, and lung cancer. How the presence of pathogenic dust is recognized and how chronic inflammatory diseases are triggered are poorly understood. Here, we show that asbestos and silica are sensed by the Nalp3... | 1 |
199,437 | Sensitivity analysis of a parameterization of the stomatal component of the DO3SE model for Quercus ilex to estimate ozone fluxes | Alonso, R; Elvira, S; Sanz, MJ; Gerosa, G; Emberson, LD; Bermejo, V; Gimeno, BS | 2,008 | A sensitivity analysis; of a proposed parameterization of the stomatal conductance (g(s)) module of the European ozone deposition model (DO3SE) for Quercus ilex was performed. The performance of the model was tested against measured g, in the field at three sites in Spain. The best fit of the model was found for those ... | 0 |
596,369 | Studies on cellular resilience and adaptation following acute and repetitive exposure to ozone in cultured human epithelial (HeLa) cells | Brink, CB; Pretorius, A; van Niekerk, BP; Oliver, DW; Venter, DP | 2,008 | Ozone is used to treat several medical conditions, while the underlying mechanisms of action are sometimes poorly understood. In the current study, we exposed cultured human epithelial (HeLa) cells acutely and repeatedly to ozone and investigated the effects thereof on cell viability. The involvement of anti-apoptotic ... | 0 |
611,412 | Influence of ozone concentration and temperature on ultra-fine particle and gaseous volatile organic compound formations generated during the ozone-initiated reactions with emitted terpenes from a car air freshener | Lamorena, RB; Lee, W | 2,008 | Experiments,were conducted to identify the emissions from the car air freshener and to identify the formation of ultra-fine particles and secondary gaseous compounds during the ozone-initiated oxidations with emitted volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The identified primary constituents emitted from the car air freshen... | 0 |
196,659 | Diesel exhaust exposure enhances the ozone-induced airway inflammation in healthy humans | Bosson, J; Barath, S; Pourazar, J; Behndig, AF; Sandstrom, T; Blomberg, A; Adelroth, E | 2,008 | Exposure to particulate matter and ozone cause adverse airway reactions. Individual pollutant effects are often addressed separately, despite coexisting in ambient air. The present investigation was performed to study the effects of sequential exposures to diesel exhaust (DE) and ozone on airway inflammation in human s... | 0 |
695,528 | Assessing the association between environmental impacts and health outcomes: A case study from Florida | Young, LJ; Gotway, CA; Yang, J; Kearney, G; Duclos, C | 2,008 | The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) created the Environmental Public Health Tracking (EPHT) program to integrate hazard monitoring, exposure. and health effects surveillance into a cohesive tracking network. Part of Florida's effort to move toward implementation of EPHT is to develop models of the spat... | 0 |
191,334 | Effects of drought and canopy ozone exposure on antioxidants in fine roots of mature European beech (Fagus sylvatica) | Haberer, K; Herbinger, K; Alexou, M; Rennenberg, H; Tausz, M | 2,008 | We quantified ascorbate, glutathione and alpha-tocopherol in fine roots of mature Fagus sylvatica L. under free-air canopy ozone (O-3) exposure (twice ambient O-3 concentration, 2x[O-3]) during two growing seasons that differed in the extent of summer drought (exceptional drought year 2003, average year 2004). This des... | 1 |
191,485 | Interactive effects of O3 exposure on California black oak (Quercus kelloggii Newb.) seedlings with and without N amendment | Handley, T; Grulke, NE | 2,008 | We examined the short-term separate and combined effects of simulated nitrogen (N) deposition (fertilization) and ozone (O-3) exposure on California black oak seedlings (Quercus kelloggii Newb.), an ecologically important tree of the San Bernardino Mountains downwind of Los Angeles. Realistic concentrations of O-3 were... | 1 |
191,234 | Assessing the genetic relatedness of higher ozone sensitivity of modern wheat to its wild and cultivated progenitors/relatives | Biswas, DK; Xu, H; Li, YG; Liu, MZ; Chen, YH; Sun, JZ; Jiang, GM | 2,008 | Modern wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most ozone (O-3)-sensitive crops. However, little is known about its genetic background of O-3 sensitivity, which is fundamental for breeding O-3-resistant cultivars. Wild and cultivated species of winter wheat including donors of the A, B and D genomes of T. aestivum w... | 0 |
597,493 | Sex differences in the impact of ozone on survival and alveolar macrophage function of mice after Klebsiella pneumoniae infection | Mikerov, AN; Gan, X; Umstead, TM; Miller, L; Chinchilli, VM; Phelps, DS; Floros, J | 2,008 | Background: Sex differences have been described in a number of pulmonary diseases. However,
the impact of ozone exposure followed by pneumonia infection on sex-related survival and
macrophage function have not been reported. The purpose of this study was to determine whether
ozone exposure differentially affects: 1) su... | 1 |
199,197 | Long-term ozone exposure of potato: Free radical content and leaf injury analysed by Q-band ESR spectroscopy and image analysis | Asensi-Fabado, A; Carrasco-Rodriguez, JL; Gomez-Garcia, CJ; Del Valle-Tascon, S | 2,008 | This paper presents Q-band electron spin resonance (ESR) studies on free radicals (FR) generated in potato leaves exposed to different O-3 levels in open-top chambers (OTC), together with a quantitative study of the relationship between FR signal intensity and area of potato leaf damage. The advantages of Q-band when c... | 0 |
749,713 | SLAC1 is required for plant guard cell S-type anion channel function in stomatal signalling | Vahisalu, T; Kollist, H; Wang, YF; Nishimura, N; Chan, WY; Valerio, G; Lamminmaki, A; Brosche, M; Moldau, H; Desikan, R; Schroeder, JI; Kangasjarvi, J | 2,008 | Stomatal pores, formed by two surrounding guard cells in the epidermis of plant leaves, allow influx of atmospheric carbon dioxide in exchange for transpirational water loss. Stomata also restrict the entry of ozone ? an important air pollutant that has an increasingly negative impact on crop yields, and thus global ca... | 1 |
596,387 | Acute pulmonary effects of combined exposure to carbon nanotubes and ozone in mice | Han, SG; Andrews, R; Gairola, CG; Bhalla, DK | 2,008 | Ozone (O3) is a well-investigated gaseous air pollutant known to produce acute and chronic toxicity in the respiratory system. Whether prior exposure to nanoparticles influences the toxicity of O3 has not been well investigated. To determine if there are toxicological interactions between particulate and gas exposures,... | 1 |
195,869 | Moderate increases in ambient PM2.5 and ozone are associated with lung function decreases in beach lifeguards | Thaller, EI; Petronella, SA; Hochman, D; Howard, S; Chhikara, RS; Brooks, EG | 2,008 | Objective: Exposure to pollutants would adversely affect lung function of healthy athletes.
Methods: Pulmonary function was recorded on beach lifeguards at three different times during the day. Daily and average peak pollutant levels were calculated. Linear regression analyses were made comparing lung function changes... | 1 |
190,356 | Aerosol and cloud effects on solar brightening and recent rapid warming | Ruckstuhl, C; Philipona, R; Behrens, K; Coen, MC; Durr, B; Heimo, A; Matzler, C; Nyeki, S; Ohmura, A; Vuilleumier, L; Weller, M; Wehrli, C; Zelenka, A | 2,008 | The rapid temperature increase of 1?C over mainland Europe since 1980 is considerably larger than the temperature rise expected from anthropogenic greenhouse gas increases. Here we present aerosol optical depth measurements from six specific locations and surface irradiance measurements from a large number of radiation... | 0 |
129,258 | An Attributable Risk Model for Exposures Assumed to Cause Both Chronic Disease and its Exacerbations | Kunzli, N; Perez, L; Lurmann, F; Hricko, A; Penfold, B; Mcconnell, R | 2,008 | Background: Many chronic diseases are the product of an underlying pathologic condition and superimposed acute exacerbations. This model may apply to several conditions such as asthma, other obstructive lung diseases, or atherosclerosis. For exposures affecting both the development of chronic disease and its exacerbati... | 0 |
201,652 | Ozone interactions with human hair: Ozone uptake rates and product formation | Pandrangi, LS; Morrison, GC | 2,008 | In this study, the cumulative ozone uptake, the ozone reaction probability and product yields of volatile aldehydes and ketones were quantified for human scalp hair. Hair was chosen because ozone reacts readily with skin oils and the personal-care products that coat hair. Due to their proximity to the breathing zone, t... | 0 |
194,376 | Effect of growth hormone on cyclooxygenase-2 expression in the hippocampus of rats chronically exposed to ozone | Martinez-Canabal, A; Angora-Perez, M | 2,008 | The aim of this study was to determine GH-effects on Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression on hippocampus alterations caused by ozone exposure. Seventy male rats were divided into: (1) control; (2) exposed to ozone for 7, 15, and 30 days; (3) exposed to ozone and treated with GH, for 7, 15, and 30 days. Results showed th... | 0 |
193,828 | Effect modification by community characteristics on the short-term effects of ozone exposure and mortality in 98 US communities | Bell, ML; Dominici, F | 2,008 | Previous research provided evidence of an association between short-term exposure to ozone and mortality risk and of heterogeneity in the risk across communities. The authors investigated whether this heterogeneity can be explained by community-specific characteristics: race, income, education, urbanization, transporta... | 1 |
597,625 | Diet-induced obesity causes innate airway hyperresponsiveness to methacholine and enhances ozone-induced pulmonary inflammation | Johnston, RA; Theman, TA; Lu, FL; Terry, RD; Williams, ES; Shore, SA | 2,008 | We previously reported that genetically obese mice exhibit innate airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and enhanced ozone (O(3))-induced pulmonary inflammation. Such genetic deficiencies in mice are rare in humans, and they may not be representative of human obesity. Thus the purpose of this study was to determine the pulm... | 1 |
604,174 | Simulating the impact of urban sprawl on air quality and population exposure in the German Ruhr area. Part I: Reproducing the base state | De Ridder, K; Lefebre, F; Adriaensen, S; Arnold, U; Beckroege, W; Bronner, C; Damsgaard, O; Dostal, I; Dufek, J; Hirsch, J; Int Panis, L; Kotek, Z; Ramadier, T; Thierry, A; Vermoote, S; Wania, A; Weber, C | 2,008 | Compact city forms are associated with minimal consumption of land and energy, hence, they are often promoted as being the more sustainable thus preferred mode of urban development. In this context, numerical simulations were performed to evaluate the effect of urban sprawl on air quality and associated human exposure.... | 0 |
195,834 | Ozonolysis of uric acid at the air/water interface | Enami, S; Hoffmann, MR; Colussi, AJ | 2,008 | Uric acid (UA) epoxide, peroxide, and ozonide species produced in aqueous UA microdroplets exposed to O3(g) are detected by online mass spectrometry within 1 ms. UA conversions are independent of its initial concentration below 0.1 mM and are unaffected by addition of excess H2O2 or t-butanol. UA reactivity increases 3... | 1 |
596,449 | Glutathione S-Transferase P1, Maternal Smoking, and Asthma in Children: A Haplotype-Based Analysis | Li, YF; Gauderman, WJ; Conti, DV; Lin, PC; Avol, E; Gilliland, FD | 2,008 | BACKGROUND: Glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) plays a role in a spectrum of respiratory diseases;
however, the effects of sequence variation across the entire locus in asthma pathogenesis have
yet to be determined.
OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to investigate whether sequence variations in the GSTP1 coding
and... | 1 |
190,273 | The effect of ambient air pollution during early pregnancy on fetal ultrasonic measurements during mid-pregnancy | Hansen, CA; Barnett, AG; Pritchard, G | 2,008 | <strong>BACKGROUND: </strong>Over the past decade there has been mounting evidence that ambient air pollution during pregnancy influences fetal growth.<br /><br /><strong>OBJECTIVES: </strong>This study was designed to examine possible associations between fetal ultrasonic measurements collected from 15,623 scans (13-2... | 1 |
195,865 | Outdoor ozone and building-related symptoms in the BASE study | Apte, MG; Buchanan, IS; Mendell, MJ | 2,008 | Reactions between ozone and indoor contaminants may influence human health and indoor air quality. The U.S. EPA Building Assessment Survey and Evaluation (BASE) study data were analyzed for associations between ambient ozone concentrations and building-related symptom (BRS) prevalence. Multiple logistic regression (MLR... | 1 |
191,575 | Ozone enhances adaptive benefit of glyphosate resistance in horseweed (Conyza canadensis) | Grantz, DA; Shrestha, A; Vu, HB | 2,008 | Since the first identification of glyphosate resistance in horseweed in California in 2005, the glyphosate-sensitive (GS) biotype has become rare, whereas the glyphosate-resistant (GR) biotype has become dominant in the eastern San Joaquin Valley (SJV). This is an area exposed to regular usage of glyphosate and to high... | 0 |
196,662 | Air filter materials, outdoor ozone and building-related symptoms in the BASE study | Buchanan, IS; Mendell, MJ; Mirer, AG; Apte, MG | 2,008 | Used ventilation air filters have been shown to reduce indoor environmental quality and worker performance and increase symptoms, with effects stronger after reaction of filters with ozone. We analyzed data from the US EPA Building Assessment Survey and Evaluation (BASE) study to determine if ozone and specific filter ... | 0 |
191,716 | Volatile organic compound emissions from urban trees in Shenyang, China | Li, DW; Shi, Y; He, XY; Chen, W; Chen, X | 2,008 | Biogenic emissions of the volatile organic compounds isoprene and monoterpene (BVOCs) contribute to tropospheric ozone and secondary particle formation and have indirect effects on global climate change. However, little research has focused on BVOC emissions from urban trees. In this study, the monoterpene emissions of... | 0 |
199,338 | Oxidative stress, the paradigm of ozone toxicity in plants and animals | Iriti, M; Faoro, F | 2,008 | Tropospheric ozone represents a relevant atmospheric pollutant, because of its strong oxidizing potential. The risk for animal (human) and plant health, at molecular and cellular level, arises from the oxidative damage to lipids, proteins and nucleic acids, depending on the dose. Therefore, ozone concentration and expo... | 0 |
694,526 | Is there an association between lifetime cumulative exposure and acute pulmonary responses to ozone? | Arjornandi, M; Tager, IB; Bastaki, M; Chen, C; Holland, N; Balmes, JR | 2,008 | Objective: To investigate the potential effects of lifetime cumulative ozone (O-3) exposure on acute pulmonmy responses to O-3. Methods: Fifteen healthy subjects from a larger cohort of young adults were exposed to 200ppb O-3 for 4 hours followed by bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage 18 hours later. Lung-function,... | 0 |
196,652 | Is there an association between lifetime cumulative exposure and acute pulmonary responses to ozone? | Arjomandi, M; Tager, IB; Bastaki, M; Chen, C; Holland, N; Balmes, JR | 2,008 | OBJECTIVE: To investigate the potential effects of lifetime cumulative ozone (O3) exposure on acute pulmonary responses to O3. METHODS: Fifteen healthy subjects from a larger cohort of young adults were exposed to 200 ppb O3 for 4 hours followed by bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage 18 hours later. Lung function, ... | 0 |
191,397 | Factors affecting on response of broad bean and corn to air quality and soil CO2 flux rates in Egypt | Ali, A | 2,008 | In response to worldwide increases in the burning of fossil fuels to meet energy demands for electric power generation and transportation, atmospheric CO2 concentrations are currently rising at approximately 0.5% per year and ground-level O-3 values are increasing at a rate of 0.32% per year. Some plants showed positiv... | 0 |
195,656 | Protection of ash (Fraxinus excelsior) trees from ozone injury by ethylenediurea (EDU): Roles of biochemical changes and decreased stomatal conductance in enhancement of growth | Paoletti, E; Contran, N; Manning, WJ; Castagna, A; Ranieri, A; Tagliaferro, F | 2,008 | Treatments with ethylenediurea (EDU) protect plants from ozone foliar injury, but the processes underlying this protection are poorly understood. Adult ash trees (Fraxinus excelsior), with or without foliar ozone symptoms in previous years. were treated with EDU at 450 ppm by gravitational trunk infusion in May-Septemb... | 0 |
612,730 | Ground-level ozone prediction by support vector machine approach with a cost-sensitive classification scheme | Lu, WZ; Wang, D | 2,008 | For ground-level ozone (O(3)) prediction, a predictive model, with reliable performance not only on non-polluted days but, more importantly, on polluted days, is favored by public authorities to issue alerts, so that concerned citizens and industrial organizations could take precautions to avoid exposure and reduce har... | 0 |
156,433 | Breath acidification in adolescent runners exposed to atmospheric pollution: A prospective, repeated measures observational study | Ferdinands, JM; Crawford, CA; Greenwald, R; Van Sickle, D; Hunter, E; Teague, WG | 2,008 | Background: Vigorous outdoors exercise during an episode of air pollution might cause airway
inflammation. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of vigorous outdoor exercise
during peak smog season on breath pH, a biomarker of airway inflammation, in adolescent athletes.
Methods: We measured breath pH bo... | 1 |
783,947 | A new method of longitudinal diary assembly for human exposure modeling | Glen, G; Smith, L; Isaacs, K; Mccurdy, T; Langstaff, J | 2,008 | Human exposure time-series modeling requires longitudinal time-activity diaries to evaluate the sequence of concentrations encountered, and hence, pollutant exposure for the simulated individuals. However, most of the available data on human activities are from cross-sectional surveys that typically sample 1 day per pe... | 1 |
199,352 | A preliminary study on the effects of ozone exposure on growth of the tomato seedlings | Sudhakar, N; Nagendra-Prasad, D; Mohan, N; Murugesan, K | 2,008 | A study was conducted to evaluate the consequence of application of ozone for a diminutive period repeatedly on tomato seedlings to enhance their biomass. To study the kinetics of these stress-induced growths in more detail we used short pulses (2 min) of ozone (O-3) exposure at high concentrations as elicitor. The see... | 0 |
191,426 | Gene networks in plant ozone stress response and tolerance | Ludwikow, A; Sadowski, J | 2,008 | For many plant species ozone stress has become much more severe in the last decade. The accumulating evidence for the significant effects of ozone pollutant on crop and forest yield situate ozone as one of the most important environmental stress factors that limits plant productivity worldwide. Today, transcriptomic ap... | 1 |
191,431 | Global change effects on plant chemical defenses against insect herbivores | Bidart-Bouzat, MG; Imeh-Nathaniel, A | 2,008 | This review focuses on individual effects of major global change factors, such as elevated CO2, O-3, UV light and temperature, on plant secondary chemistry. These secondary metabolites are well-known for their role in plant defense against insect herbivory. Global change effects on secondary chemicals appear to be plan... | 1 |
195,755 | Is there adaptation in the ozone mortality relationship: A multi-city case-crossover analysis | Zanobetti, A; Schwartz, J | 2,008 | Background: Ozone has been associated with daily mortality, mainly in the summer period. Despite the ample literature on adaptation of inflammatory and pulmonary responses to ozone, and the link, in cohort studies, between lung function and mortality risk there has been little done to date to examine the question of ad... | 1 |
191,675 | Soil N2O and NO emissions from an arid, urban ecosystem | Hall, SJ; Huber, D; Grimm, NB | 2,008 | We measured soil nitrogen (N) cycling and fluxes of N2O and NO in three land-use types across the metropolitan area of Phoenix, Arizona. Urbanization increased N2O emissions compared to native landscapes, primarily due to the expansion of fertilized and irrigated lawns. Fluxes of N2O from lawns ranged from 18 to 80 mu ... | 0 |
130,632 | Black carbon concentrations and diesel vehicle emission factors derived from coefficient of haze measurements in California: 1967-2003 | Kirchstetter, TW; Aguiar, J; Tonse, S; Fairley, D; Novakov, T | 2,008 | We have derived ambient black carbon (BC) concentrations and estimated emission factors for on-road diesel vehicles from archived coefficient of haze (COH) data that was routinely collected beginning in 1967 at 11 locations in the San Francisco Bay Area. COH values are a measure of the attenuation of light by particles... | 0 |
191,574 | Ozone effects on visible foliar injury and growth of Fagus sylvatica and Viburnum lantana seedlings grown in monoculture or in mixture | Novak, K; Schaub, M; Fuhrer, J; Skelly, JM; Frey, B; Krauchi, N | 2,008 | Seedlings of Fagus sylvatica (beech) and Viburnum lantana (Viburnum) grown in monoculture and mixture were exposed to ambient and sub-ambient (charcoal-filtered) ozone concentrations in open-top chambers over the course of the 2003 and 2004 growing seasons at the WSL Lattecaldo open-top chamber facility in southern Swi... | 0 |
201,537 | Ablation of SP-A has a negative impact on the susceptibility of mice to Klebsiella pneumoniae infection after ozone exposure: Sex differences | Mikerov, AN; Haque, R; Gan, X; Guo, X; Phelps, DS; Floros, J | 2,008 | Background
Surfactant protein A (SP-A) enhances phagocytosis of bacteria, including Klebsiella pneumoniae, by alveolar macrophages. Ozone, a major air pollutant, can cause oxidation of surfactant and may influence lung immune function. Immune function may also be affected by sex-specific mechanisms. We hypothesized tha... | 1 |
201,541 | Ozone stress down-regulates the expression of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator in human bronchial epithelial cells | Qu, F; Qin, XQ; Cui, YR; Xiang, Y; Tan, YR; Liu, HJ; Peng, LH; Zhou, XY; Liu, C; Zhu, XL | 2,008 | To investigate abnormalities of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) expression in chronic inflammatory airway diseases and its regulation mechanisms, the present study was designed to observe the expression of CFTR, CFTR chloride current and the possible relevant signal pathways in in vitro and i... | 0 |
180,215 | Influence of season and temperature on the relationship of elemental carbon air pollution to pediatric asthma emergency room visits | Mohr, LB; Luo, S; Mathias, E; Tobing, R; Homan, S; Sterling, D | 2,008 | Previous studies have demonstrated an association between air pollution and asthma exacerbation. Less understood is the effect of elemental carbon (EC), and the interaction of EC with temperature, on increases in pediatric asthma emergency department visits and how these relationships change across the seasons in a met... | 0 |
196,668 | Cytological damage of nasal epithelium associated with decreased glutathione peroxidase in residents from a heavily polluted city | Hernandez-Escobar, SA; Avila-Casado, MC; Soto-Abraham, V; Lopez Escudero, OL; Soto, ME; Vega-Bravo, ML; van Der Goes, TF; Reyes-Maldonado, E | 2,008 | OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the cytological damage and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) content in the nasal epithelium of residents of Southwest Metropolitan Mexico City (SWMMC) along 1 year of ozone and PM(10) exposure. METHOD: Four nasal scrapings were obtained in 20 volunteers from a control low polluted city and SWMMC perm... | 0 |
665,033 | The ocean-land-atmosphere model (OLAM). Part II: formulation and tests of the nonhydrostatic dynamic core | Walko, R; Avissar, R | 2,008 | The dynamic core of the Ocean?Land?Atmosphere Model (OLAM), which is a new global model that is partly based on the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS), is described and tested. OLAM adopts many features of its predecessor, but its dynamic core is new and incorporates a global geodesic grid with triangular mesh... | 0 |
187,280 | Early-lifetime exposure to air pollution and allergic sensitization in children with asthma | Mortimer, K; Neugebauer, R; Lurmann, F; Alcorn, S; Balmes, J; Tager, I | 2,008 | Observations on the association between exposure to common outdoor air pollutants and allergic sensitization have not been consistent. Little research has been done on the effects of prenatal exposure or the effect among asthmatics. The association between prenatal and early-life exposures and outdoor air pollutants wi... | 1 |
192,128 | Ambient air pollution and daily emergency department visits for ischemic stroke in Edmonton, Canada | Szyszkowicz, M | 2,008 | OBJECTIVES: In this report, we examine the associations between emergency department (ED) visits for acute ischemic stroke and environmental conditions.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study concerned 10,881 ED visits for acute ischemic stroke (ICD-9: 434, 436) recorded at Edmonton hospitals between 1992 and 2002. General... | 1 |
191,483 | Interactive effects of elevated CO2 and ozone on leaf thermotolerance in field-grown glycine max | Mishra, S; Heckathorn, SA; Barua, D; Wang, D; Joshi, P; Hamilton, EW; Frantz, J | 2,008 | Humans are increasing atmospheric CO2, ground-level ozone (O-3), and mean and acute high temperatures. Laboratory studies show that elevated CO2 can increase thermotolerance of photosynthesis in C-3 plants. O-3-related oxidative stress may offset benefits of elevated CO2 during heat-waves. We determined effects of elev... | 0 |
651,895 | Photoaging | Sjerobabski Masnec, I; Poduje, S | 2,008 | Among harmful environmental factors that contribute to extrinsic aging, long-term effects of repeated exposure to ultraviolet light are the most significant and are referred to as photoaging. Photoaging is a multisystem degenerative process that involves the skin and skin support system. It is a cumulative process and ... | 0 |
191,374 | Elevated ozone alters soybean-virus interaction | Bilgin, DD; Aldea, M; O'Neill, BF; Benitez, M; Li, M; Clough, SJ; Delucia, EH | 2,008 | Increasing concentrations of ozone (O-3) in the troposphere affect many organisms and their interactions with each other. To analyze the changes in a plant-pathogen interaction, soybean plants were infected with Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) while they were fumigated with O-3. In otherwise natural field conditions, elevat... | 0 |
199,273 | Transient increases in methylbutenol emission following partial defoliation of Pinus ponderosa | Gray, DW | 2,008 | Methybutenol (MBO or 2-methyl-3-butene-2-ol) is a five-carbon alcohol produced and emitted in large amounts by many species of pine native to Western North America. Upon entering the atmosphere, MBO may engage in a series of chemical reactions which may ultimately lead to the production of tropospheric ozone which is a... | 0 |
191,319 | Effect of ambient gases and soil moisture regimes on carbohydrate translocation in kidneybean plants grown in pots in Riyadh, KSA | Al-Qurainy, F | 2,008 | This study designated to examine the effect of elevated gases in four localities of Riyadh City on carbohydrate for parts of kidneybean plants (Phaseolous vulgaris L.) grown in pots under two soil moisture regimes (well-watered vs. restricted water). Carbohydrate analysis results showed increases in kidneybean samples ... | 0 |
156,368 | Relationship between indoor, outdoor, and personal fine particle concentrations for individuals with COPD and predictors of indoor-outdoor ratio in Mexico city | Cortez-Lugo, M; Moreno-Macias, H; Holguin-Molina, F; Chow, JC; Watson, JG; Gutierrez-Avedoy, V; Mandujano, F; Hernandez-Avila, M; Romieu, I | 2,008 | Personal exposure and indoor and outdoor exposure to PM10 and PM2.5 of 38 individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was characterized from February through November 2000. All participants lived in Mexico City and were selected based on their area of residence southeast (n= 15), downtown (n = 15), an... | 0 |
146,115 | Influence of sea-salt activated chlorine and surface-mediated renoxification on the weekend effect in the South Coast Air Basin of California | Cohan, A; Chang, W; Carreras-Sospedra, M; Dabdub, D | 2,008 | High ozone mixing ratios are a serious concern of public health. While ozone concentrations are high on weekdays due to anthropogenic emissions, they are often higher on weekends. This phenomenon has been named the weekend effect. This study uses the University of California, Irvine-California Institute of Technology (... | 0 |
199,818 | Increased protein carbonylation in leaves of Arabidopsis and soybean in response to elevated [CO2] | Qiu, QS; Huber, JL; Booker, FL; Jain, V; Leakey, AD; Fiscus, EL; Yau, PM; Ort, DR; Huber, SC | 2,008 | While exposure of C3 plants to elevated [CO2] would be expected to reduce production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in leaves because of reduced photorespiratory metabolism, results obtained in the present study suggest that exposure of plants to elevated [CO2] can result in increased oxidative stress. First, in Arab... | 0 |
621,169 | Summertime state-level source-receptor relationships between nitrogen oxides emissions and surface ozone concentrations over the continental United States | Tong, DQ; Mauzerall, DL | 2,008 | Interstate transport of ozone (O-3) and its precursors can contribute substantially to state-level surface O-3 concentrations, making it difficult for some states to meet the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for O-3 by limiting only their own emissions. We analyze the effect of interstate transport on sur... | 1 |
606,110 | Factor separation in air quality simulations | Gabusi, V; Pisoni, E; Volta, M | 2,008 | The aim of this modelling study is to quantify the effects of transboundary processes, anthropogenic and biogenic emissions on tropospheric ozone production and accumulation. The proposed methodology, based on the use of the factor separation technique, allows to evaluate the maximum feasible efficiency of anthropogeni... | 0 |
191,469 | Influence of canopy position, needle age and season on the foliar gas exchange of Pinus canariensis | Peters, J; Gonzalez-Rodriguez, AM; Jimenez, MS; Morales, D; Wieser, G | 2,008 | We investigated the seasonal variation in the gas exchange of current and 1-year-old needles in the upper sun and lower shade crown of adult Pinus canariensis trees. In general, current year needles displayed lower gas exchange rates than the 1-year-old needles. In both needle age classes, gas exchange was significantl... | 0 |
196,680 | Chronic exposure to ambient ozone and asthma hospital admissions among children | Lin, S; Liu, X; Le, LH; Hwang, SA | 2,008 | BACKGROUND: The association between chronic exposure to air pollution and adverse health outcomes has not been well studied.
OBJECTIVE: This project investigated the impact of chronic exposure to high ozone levels on childhood asthma admissions in New York State. METHODS: We followed a birth cohort born in New York S... | 1 |
694,700 | Housing characteristics and indoor concentrations of selected volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in Quebec City, Canada | Heroux, ME; Gauvin, D; Gilbert, NL; Guay, M; Dupuis, G; Legris, M; Levesque, B | 2,008 | Concentrations of 26 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were measured continuously for 7 days during winter in 96 homes in Quebec City, Canada. Characteristics of the houses and activities of the occupants were documented through detailed questionnaires filled out by one adult per household. VOCs were sampled using pass... | 0 |
621,121 | Secondary organic aerosols from ozone-initiated reactions with emissions from wood-based materials and a "green" paint | Toftum, J; Feund, S; Salthammer, T; Weschler, CJ | 2,008 | This study examined the formation and growth of secondary organic aerosols (SOA) generated when ozone was added to a 1 m(3) glass chamber that contained either pine shelving, oriented strand board (OSB), beech boards, or beach boards painted with an "eco" paint. The experiments were conducted at close to real-world con... | 0 |
655,491 | Solar ultraviolet irradiance and cancer incidence and mortality | Grant, WB | 2,008 | null | 0 |
598,777 | Combining principal component regression and artificial neural networks for more accurate predictions of ground-level ozone | Al-Alawi, SM; Abdul-Wahab, SA; Bakheit, CS | 2,008 | Abstract: This work encompasses ozone modeling in the lower atmosphere. Data on seven environmental pollutant concentrations (CH4, NMHC, CO, CO2, NO, NO2, and SO2) and five meteorological variables (wind speed, wind direction, air temperature, relative humidity, and solar radiation) were used to develop models to predi... | 0 |
604,882 | Climate Change, Tropospheric Ozone and Particulate Matter, and Health Impacts | Ebi, KL; Mcgregor, G | 2,008 | OBJECTIVE: Because the state of the atmosphere determines the development, transport, dispersion, and deposition of air pollutants, there is concern that climate change could affect morbidity and mortality associated with elevated concentrations of these gases and fine particles. We review how climate change could affe... | 0 |
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