REFERENCE_ID int64 273 7.3M | TITLE stringlengths 4 390 | AUTHORS stringlengths 5 1.43k ⌀ | YEAR int64 1.85k 2.02k ⌀ | ABSTRACT stringlengths 1 18.4k ⌀ | CITED int64 0 1 |
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42,668 | Long-term ambient concentrations of total suspended particulates and oxidants as related to incidence of chronic disease in California Seventh-Day Adventists | Abbey, DE; Mills, PK; Petersen, FF; Beeson, WL | 1,991 | Cancer incidence and mortality in a cohort of 6000 nonsmoking California Seventh-Day Adventists were monitored for a 6-year period, and relationshipswith long-term cumulative ambient air pollution were observed. Total suspended particulates (TSP) and ozone were measured in terms of numbers of hours in excess of several... | 0 |
42,407 | Belastungen durch kopierer und laserdrucker [Pollution by copiers and laser printers] | Baumann, W; Herberg-Liedtke, B | 1,991 | null | 0 |
43,227 | Yield and grain quality of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L, cv Drabant) exposed to different concentrations of ozone in open-top chambers | Pleijel, H; Skarby, L; Wallin, G; Sellden, G | 1,991 | null | 0 |
43,742 | Concentration-dependent effects of ozone on translocation of assimilates in Douglas fir | Gorissen, A; Schelling, GC; van Veen, JA | 1,991 | The assessment of air quality standards for forest ecosystems requires proper knowledge about concentration-effect relations of air pollutants for tree species. In this study, 2-yr-old Douglas fir seedlings [Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco] were exposed to 23, 81, and 169 mu-g O3/m3 during 8 h/d, 5 d/wk for a peri... | 0 |
42,913 | A numerical experiment on the relative importance of H2O2 and O3 in aqueous conversion of SO2 to SO2-4 | Fung, CS; Misra, PK; Bloxam, R; Wong, S | 1,991 | null | 0 |
37,714 | National air quality and emissions trends report, 1989 | null | 1,991 | The report presents national and regional trends in air quality from 1980 through 1989 for total suspended particulate, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone and lead. Air quality trends are also presented for 14 metropolitan areas. Both national and regional trends in each of these pollutants are ex... | 0 |
42,810 | Intersubject variability in human acute ozone responsiveness | McDonnell, WF | 1,991 | null | 0 |
43,518 | Atmospheric ozone interacts with stress ethylene formation by plants to cause visible plant injury | Mehlhorn, H; O'Shea, JM; Wellburn, AR | 1,991 | Ozone toxicity was studied in peas, beans, and tobacco (Bel B and Bel W3). These experiments showed that ozone toxicity was related to the rates of ethylene biosynthesis. Sensitivity to ozone was reduced if ethylene biosynthesis was inhibited after treatment with aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG). Similarly, plants that we... | 0 |
42,436 | The effect of ozone inhalation on metabolic functioning of vascular endothelium and on ventilatory function | Gross, KB; White, HJ; Sargent, NE | 1,991 | The Effect of Ozone Inhalation on Metabolic Functioning of Vascular Endothelium and on Ventilatory Function. GROSS, K. B.. WHITE, H. J.. AND SARGENT. N.E. (1991). Toxicol. Appi. Pharmacol. 109, 336-351. The primary purpose of this research was to determine the effect of ozone inhalation on pulmonary vascular endotheliu... | 0 |
42,512 | Effects of ozone on the respiratory health, allergic sensitization, and cellular immune system in children | Zwick, H; Popp, W; Wagner, C; Reiser, K; Schmoger, J; Bock, A; Herkner, K; Radunsky, K | 1,991 | To investigate the lasting effects of high ozone concentrations under environmental conditions, we examined the respiratory health, pulmonary function, bronchial hyperresponsiveness to methacholine, allergic sensitization, and lymphocyte subpopulations of 10- to 14-yr-old children. A total of 218 children recruited fro... | 0 |
55,112 | A simple algorithm for simulating the solar ultraviolet radiation at the Earth's surface: an application in determining the minimum erythema dose | Katsambas, A; Andoniou, C; Stratigos, J; Arvanitis, I; Zolota, F; Varotsos, C; Cartalis, C; Asimakopoulos, DN | 1,991 | The purpose of this study is to present a new simple model algorithm for simulating the solar ultaviolet radiation reaching the surface of the Earth, The algorithm is capable of providing both the direct and diffuse solar ultraviolet radiation, for different atmospheric conditions, time, and geographic locations. An ap... | 0 |
44,889 | Lung function testing: Selection of reference values and interpretative strategies | null | 1,991 | null | 1 |
37,940 | Murine respiratory mycoplasmosis: A model to study effects of oxidants | Davis, JK; Davidson, M; Schoeb, TR | 1,991 | Previous studies have shown that exposure to nitrogen dioxide at concentrations of 5 and 10 parts per million (ppm) decreases intrapulmonary killing of Mycoplasma pulmonis, and that this decrease is related to increased lung lesions and mortality. The specific objectives of the present study were to titrate the effects... | 0 |
42,477 | Species differences in impairment and recovery of alveolar macrophage functions following single and repeated ozone exposures | Oosting, RS; Van Golde, LMG; Verhoef, J; Van Bree, L | 1,991 | Effects of single (0.4 ppm for 3, 6, or 12 hr) and repeated (0.4 ppm, 12 hr/day for 3 or 7 days) in vivo ozone exposures on rat and mouse alveolar macrophage functions and cell number were investigated. Single ozone exposure of rats resulted in a small (approximately 15%) decrease in Fc-receptor-mediated phagocytosis a... | 0 |
43,124 | Die Wirkung von Ozon auf Wachstums- und Ertragsparameter zweier Sommerweizensorten (Triticum aestivum L) [Impact of ozone on growth and yield parameters of two spring wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L)] | Adaros, G; Weigel, HJ; Jager, HJ | 1,991 | null | 0 |
37,925 | Asthma and low level air pollution in Helsinki | Ponka, A | 1,991 | The effects of relatively low levels of air pollution and weather conditions on the number of patients who had asthma attacks and who were admitted to a hospital were studied in Helsinki during a 3-y period. The number of admissions increased during cold weather (n = 4,209), especially among persons who were of working... | 0 |
42,712 | Ambient air pollution and cancer in California Seventh-day Adventists | Mills, PK; Abbey, D; Beeson, WL; Petersen, F | 1,991 | California Air Resources Board. #Cancer incidence and mortality in a cohort of 6000 Seventh-day Adventist nonsmokers who were residents of California were monitored for a 6-y period, and relationships with long-term ambient concentrations of total suspended particulates (TSPs) and ozone (O3) were studied. Ambient conce... | 0 |
42,442 | The effect of a specific thromboxane A-2 antagonist, AA-2414 on airway hyperresponsiveness induced by ozone exposure in dogs | Imai, T; Adachi, M; Idaira, K; Suganuma, T; Takahashi, T; Yamaguchi, H; Saito, C; Maeda, M; Tsuji, A | 1,991 | null | 0 |
43,374 | Spatial and temporal variability of ozone exposure in forested areas of the United States and Canada: 1978-1988 | Lefohn, AS; Lucier, AA | 1,991 | Ambient O3 exposures have reduced growth rates of tree genotypes in some areas of the United States. For characterizing O3 exposures in forested areas, data from primarily population-oriented sites have been used. It has been speculated that exposures calculated from population-oriented sites provide estimates greater ... | 0 |
53,542 | Effect of ozone on immunoglobulin production by human B cells in vitro | Becker, S; Quay, J; Koren, HS | 1,991 | Animal studies indicate that ozone (O3) inhalation results in reduced ability to generate a humoral response to soluble and particulate antigens. In this study human lymphocytes have been exposed to O3 in vitro (1, 0.5, and 0.1 ppm/2 h) and then evaluated for the ability of B cells to produce immunoglobulin G (lgG) in ... | 0 |
43,953 | Source reconciliation of ambient volatile organic compounds measured in the Atlanta 1990 summer study: the mobile source component | Lewis, CW; Conner, TL | 1,991 | null | 0 |
42,498 | [The effect of AH 21-132 on airway hyperresponsiveness induced by ozone exposure] | Suganuma, T; Imai, T; Idaira, K; Konno, S; Hoshinio, H; Okazawa, A; Adachi, M; Takahashi, T; Maeda, M; Tsuji, A | 1,991 | null | 0 |
42,530 | Effect of growth stage on soybean response to chronic ozone exposure | Heagle, AS; Miller, JE; Rawlings, JO; Vozzo, SF | 1,991 | null | 1 |
65,852 | The upper respiratory tract: mucous membrane irritation | Bascom, R | 1,991 | Despite the widespread recognition that mucosal irritation is a cardinal feature of "sick-building syndrome," few data exist on the cause, natural history, or pathophysiology of upper respiratory mucous membrane irritation. The baseline prevalence of nasal symptoms among building occupants is often 20%, but i... | 0 |
43,383 | Effect of acid rain and ozone on soil and secondary needle nutrients of loblolly pine | Reddy, GB; Reinert, RA; Eason, G | 1,991 | null | 0 |
42,408 | Modulation of human alveolar macrophage properties by ozone exposure in vitro | Becker, S; Madden, MC; Newman, SL; Devlin, RB; Koren, HS | 1,991 | We have investigated changes in human alveolar macrophage (HAM) function after exposure in vitro to ozone (O3) (0.1-1.0 ppm for 2-4 hr). The functions studied reflect concern that O3 is detrimental to host defense mechanisms in the bronchoalveolar spaces. Exposure of HAM to O3 caused a concentration-dependent increase ... | 0 |
42,369 | Synergistic effects of air pollutants: ozone plus a respirable aerosol | Last, JA | 1,991 | Rats were concurrently exposed to mixtures of ozone or nitrogen dioxide and respirable-sized aerosols of sulfuric acid, ammonium sulfate, or sodium chloride, or to each pollutant individually. Their responses to such exposures were evaluated by various quantitative biochemical analyses of lung tissue or lavage fluids, ... | 0 |
42,478 | Structural and functional changes of surfactant protein A induced by ozone | Oosting, RS; Van Greevenbroek, MM; Verhoef, J; Van Golde, LM; Haagsman, HP | 1,991 | Structural and functional changes of surfactant protein A induced by ozone. Am. J. Physiol. 261 (Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. 5): L77-L83, 991.-The major surfactant protein SP-A is thought to play an important role in the regulation of the structure and the metabolism of pulmonary surfactant. We investigated whether this p... | 0 |
42,744 | Immunomodulating effects of ozone on macrophage functions important for tumor surveillance and host defense | Zelikoff, JT; Kraemer, GL; Vogel, MC; Schlesinger, RB | 1,991 | Ozone (O3) is a toxic gaseous pollutant that has been implicated in laboratory studies as a potential lung carcinogen or cocarcinogen in mice. To begin to assess the role of altered macrophage (M phi) responses as a possible mechanism by which O3 may influence carcinogenesis, we examined the effects of repeated in vivo... | 0 |
42,489 | Biochemical effects of combined gases of nitrogen dioxide and ozone. IV. Changes of lipid peroxidation and antioxidative protective systems in rat lungs upon life span exposure | Sagai, M; Ichinose, T | 1,991 | Lipid peroxide production, antioxidant contents and activities of antioxidative protective enzymes were examined in lungs of rats exposed to clean air (control group), 0.05 ppm O3, 0.05 ppm O3 + 0.04 ppm NO2 and 0.05 ppm O3 + 0.4 ppm NO2 for 22 months. The results were compared with our previous data in exposed to 0.04... | 0 |
42,419 | Quantifying lung structure: experimental design and biologic variation in various models of lung injury | Chang, LY; Mercer, RR; Pinkerton, KE; Crapo, JD | 1,991 | The lung is a complex organ composed of a large number of different cell types of varying size and shape. Quantification of lung structure requires an understanding of how the distribution of specific cells and their characteristics affect the accuracy of measurement made on them and how to optimize experimental desig... | 0 |
43,446 | Plant ecological genetics and air pollution stress: a commentary on implications for natural populations | Parsons, DJ; Pitelka, LF | 1,991 | null | 0 |
41,517 | Inflammation of the lung induced by extended exposure of humans to 008 and 010 ppm ozone | Koren, HS; McDonnell, WF; Becker, S; Devlin, RB | 1,991 | null | 0 |
90,030 | Ambient air pollution and respiratory disease | Abramson, M; Voigt, T | 1,991 | OBJECTIVE: To review the literature on ambient air pollution and respiratory disease, and to consider the criteria for defining causation. DATA SOURCES: Medical and scientific journals indexed by Medline, conferences, proceedings and monographs. STUDY SELECTION: Two kinds of study were selected--(i) controlled clinical... | 0 |
42,732 | Particulate air pollution and daily mortality in Detroit | Schwartz, J | 1,991 | #Particulate air pollution has been associated with increased mortality during episodes of high pollution concentrations. The relationship at lower concentrations has been more controversial, as has the relative role of particles and sulfur dioxide. Replication has been difficult because suspended particle concentratio... | 0 |
27,996 | Ozone: effects on regional ventilation and particle dosimetry in the human lung | Foster, WM; Groth, ML; Farrell, E; Silver, JA | 1,991 | null | 0 |
43,817 | Interaction of simulated acid rain with ozone on freeze resistance, growth, and mineral nutrition in citrus and avocado | Eissenstat, DM; Syvertsen, JP; Dean, TJ; Johnson, JD; Yelenosky, G | 1,991 | null | 0 |
2,446,051 | Ozone absorption into excised porcine and sheep tracheas by a bolus-response method | Benjebria, A; Hu, SC; Kitzmiller, EL; Ultman, JS | 1,991 | The absorption of ozone (O3) into excised porcine and sheep tracheae was characterized by a bolus-response experiment in which a bolus with a peak O3 concentration of 1 ppm was rapidly injected into a steadily flowing airstream entering the trachea. Using a fast-responding chemiluminescent analyzer of our design, the O... | 0 |
43,635 | Constructed markets | Carson, RT | 1,991 | null | 0 |
42,429 | Leukocyte-mediated epithelial injury in ozone-exposed rat lung | Donaldson, K; Brown, GM; Brown, DM; Slight, J; Maclaren, WM; Davis, JMG | 1,991 | Both epithelial injury and inflammation are characteristic findings in the centriacinar regions of the lungs of rats exposed to ozone. In humans such effects could lead to long-term lung damage and disease. In animals, neoplastic change in the lungs after exposure to ozone has been described previously. The possible re... | 0 |
39,599 | Effects of ozone on exercising horses: a preliminary report | Tyler, W; Jones, J; Birks, E; Pascoe, J; Steffey, E; Jarvis, K; Hinds, D; Tarkington, B | 1,991 | null | 0 |
38,785 | Experiments on the water budget of densely and sparsely needled spruces [Picea abies (L) Karst] in a declining stand | Maier-Maercker, U; Koch, W | 1,991 | null | 0 |
65,854 | Approaches for assessing health risks from complex mixtures in indoor air: a panel overview | Henry, CJ; Fishbein, L; Meggs, WJ; Ashford, NA; Schulte, PA; Anderson, H; Osborne, JS; Sepkovic, DW | 1,991 | Critical to a more definitive human health assessment of the potential health risks from exposure to complex mixtures of indoor air is the need for more definitive clinical measure and eitology of the health effects of complex mixtures. This panel overview highlights six of the eight presentations of the conference pan... | 0 |
43,278 | Population processes in plants and the evolution of resistance to gaseous air pollutants | Barrett, SCH; Bush, EJ | 1,991 | null | 0 |
42,447 | Singlet oxygen production from the reactions of ozone with biological molecules | Kanofsky, JR; Sima, P | 1,991 | The reaction of ozone with a number of biological molecules was found to produce singlet oxygen in high yield. At pH 7, the reaction of ozone with an equimolar amount of biological molecule produced the following singlet oxygen yields (mole of singlet oxygen/mole of ozone): cysteine, 0.49 +/- 0.02; methionine, 1.13 +/-... | 0 |
42,428 | Willingness to pay for ozone control: inferences from the demand for medical care | Dickie, M; Gerking, S | 1,991 | null | 0 |
91,045 | Nitric oxide as an antioxidant | Kanner, J; Harel, S; Granit, R | 1,991 | Benzoate monohydroxy compounds, and in particular salicylate, were produced during interaction of ferrous complexes with hydrogen peroxide (Fenton reaction) in a N2 environment. These reactions were inhibited when Fe complexes were flushed, prior to the addition in the model system, by nitric oxide. Methionine oxidatio... | 0 |
42,963 | The sensitivity of regional ozone modeling to biogenic hydrocarbons | Roselle, SJ; Pierce, TE; Schere, KL | 1,991 | null | 0 |
37,509 | The effects of nitric acid vapor alone, and in combination with ozone, in exercising, healthy subjects as assessed by bronchoalveolar and proximal airway lavage | Aris, R; Christian, D; Balmes, JR | 1,991 | null | 0 |
672,956 | Prediction error and its estimation for subset--selected models | Roecker, EB | 1,991 | Strategies are compared for development of a linear regression model and the subsequent assessment of its predictive ability. Simulations were performed as a designed experiment over a range of data structures. Approaches using a forward selection of variables resulted in slightly smaller prediction errors and less bia... | 0 |
42,806 | Global atmospheric change: potential health effects of acid aerosol and oxidant gas mixtures | Last, JA | 1,991 | Inhalation toxicology experiments in whole animals have demonstrated a remarkable lack of toxicity of sulfuric acid in the form of respirable aerosols, especially in rats and nonhuman primates. Thus, much of the current experimental emphasis has shifted to the evaluation of the potential health effects of acid aerosols... | 0 |
42,706 | Time-dependent changes of markers associated with inflammation in the lungs of humans exposed to ambient levels of ozone | Koren, HS; Devlin, RB; Becker, S; Perez, R; Mcdonnell, WF | 1,991 | Acute exposure of humans to 0.4 ppm ozone results in reversible respiratory function decrements, and cellular and biochemical changes leading to the production of substances which can mediate inflammation and acute lung injury. While pulmonary function decrements occur almost immediately after ozone exposure, it is not... | 0 |
27,997 | INF Locus control of ozone-induced airway inflammation maps to chromosome nine in the mouse | Kleeberger, SR; Zhang, LY; Levitt, RC | 1,991 | null | 0 |
42,415 | Effects of ozone on airway epithelial permeability and ion transport | Bromberg, PA; Ranga, V; Stutts, MJ | 1,991 | Ozone is a highly reactive form of oxygen produced in the atmosphere by photochemical reactions involving substrates emitted from automobile engines. Outdoor air concentrations as high as 0.4 parts per million (ppm) occur. The respiratory tract extracts about 90% of inhaled ozone. From the chemical reactivity of ozone,... | 0 |
42,508 | Mussen Kinder bei Sommersmog zu Hause bleiben [Do children have to stay home during summer smog]? | Wanner, HU | 1,991 | null | 0 |
37,528 | The UCLA population studies of CORD: X a cohort study of changes in respiratory function associated with chronic exposure to SOx, NOx, and hydrocarbons | Detels, R; Tashkin, DP; Sayre, JW; Rokaw, SN; Massey, FJ, Jr; Coulson, AH; Wegman, DH | 1,991 | Two never-smoking cohorts in Southern California, one in Lancaster (N = 2340) exposed only to moderate levels of oxidants and the other in Long Beach (N = 1326) exposed to high levels of SOx, NO2, hydrocarbons and particulates completed spirometry and the single-breath nitrogen test five to six years apart. Forty-seven... | 0 |
42,480 | Can vitamin E protect humans against the pathological effects of ozone in smog? | Pryor, WA | 1,991 | Ozone reacts with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in vitro to form free radicals, and vitamin E slows or prevents this reaction. Consistent with this, dietary vitamin E significantly protects animals against the deleterious effects of ozone and the absence of vitamin E potentiates damage by ozone. Thus, chemical ... | 0 |
48,613 | Tropospheric ozone and the environment: Papers from an international conference, March 1990, Los Angeles, CA | null | 1,991 | null | 0 |
42,361 | The effects of sequential exposure to acidic fog and ozone on pulmonary function in exercising subjects | Aris, R; Christian, D; Sheppard, D; Balmes, JR | 1,991 | In Southern California coastal regions, morning fog is often acidified by the presence of nitric acid (HNO3). Peak exposure to ozone (O3) usually occurs in the afternoon and evening, after the fog has dissipated. To determine whether fog containing HNO3 might enhance pulmonary responses to O3, we studied a group of hea... | 0 |
158,013 | Physiological responses of the lichen Ramalina Menziesii Tayl. to the Los Angeles urban environment | Boonpragob, K; Nash, T, III | 1,991 | In southern California the lichen Ramalina menziesii was transplanted from a control area to a polluted area for three periods during a year. Net photosynthetic rates, recorded under standard conditions in the laboratory, chlorophyll contents and per cent phaeophytins were measured at 2-week intervals for samples from... | 0 |
42,622 | Efficacy of ozone exposure indices in the standard setting process | Lee, EH; Hogsett, WE; Tingey, DT | 1,991 | null | 0 |
44,067 | Analysis of selected polar and non-polar compounds in air using automated 2-dimensional chromatography | Cardin, DB; Lin, CC | 1,991 | null | 0 |
91,050 | A numerical study of the effects of air chemistry on fluxes of NO, NO2, and O3 near the surface | Gao, W; Wesely, ML; Lee, IY | 1,991 | A numerical model was developed to investigate modifications of the vertical fluxes of NO, NO2, and O3 by rapid atmospheric chemical reactions in a horizontally homogeneous, neutrally stratified atmospheric surface layer. The one-dimensional model coupled second-order budget equations for fluxes with conservation equat... | 0 |
90,814 | Inflammatory cell response in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid after nitrogen dioxide exposure of healthy subjects: A dose-response study | Sandstrom, T; Stjernberg, N; Eklund, A; Ledin, MC; Bjermer, L; Kolmodin-Hedman, B; Lindstrom, K; Rosenhall, L; Angstrom, T | 1,991 | The combination of environmental chamber exposure and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was used to study the effects of the common air pollutant nitrogen dioxide (NO2). Eighteen healthy nonsmokers were exposed to NO2 during 20 min in an exposure chamber during light bicycle ergometer work. All subjects were examined with B... | 0 |
92,246 | Human influence on river nitrogen | Peierls, BL; Caraco, NF; Pace, ML; Cole, JJ | 1,991 | null | 0 |
91,924 | Nitrogen uptake and allocation by Calluna vulgaris (L) Hull and Deschampsia flexuosa (L) Trin exposed to 15NH3 | Dueck, TA; Van der Eerden, LJM; Breemsterboer, B; Elderson, J | 1,991 | The transition of Dutch heathlands dominated by Calluna vulgaris to grass heaths occurs rapidly and is primarily ascribed to nitrogenous air pollution. C. vulgaris and Deschampsia flexuosa were fumigated with (NH3)-N-15 and the adsorption of ammonia to the leaf surface as well as the uptake and translocation of ammonia... | 0 |
43,414 | Peroxypropionyl nitrate at a Southern California mountain forest site | Williams EL, II; Grosjean, D | 1,991 | null | 0 |
42,397 | Chronic exposure to a simulated urban profile of ozone alters ventilatory responses to carbon dioxide challenge in rats | Tepper, JS; Wiester, MJ; Weber, MF; Fitzgerald, S; Costa, DL | 1,991 | Male Fischer 344 rats were exposed to a simulated urban profile of ozone (O3) (9-hr ramped spike, integrated concentration = 0.19 ppm) for up to 78 weeks. Small, but statistically significant, changes in breathing patterns and mechanics in unanesthetized, restrained rats were observed at Weeks 1, 3, 13, 52, and 78 duri... | 0 |
43,769 | Enzymatic changes in the rhizosphere of loblolly pine exposed to ozone and acid rain | Reddy, GB; Reinert, RA; Eason, G | 1,991 | The effects of ozone (O3) and simulated acidic rain (SAR) on the activity of selected soil enzymes in the rhizosphere of loblolly pine were evaluated. The seedlings (Family 24.4) were exposed to 0, 80, 160, 240, or 320 nl O3 l-1 at SAR pH treatments of 5.3, 4.3, or 3.3 for 11 weeks. Dehydrogenase and acid phosphatase a... | 0 |
42,612 | Health effects of ambient ozone on healthy children at a summer camp | Spektor, DM; Lippmann, M | 1,991 | null | 1 |
37,911 | Air pollution: the pathobiologic issues | Sherwin, RP | 1,991 | In defining the adverse effects of ambient levels of ozone on the human lung, research has tended to emphasize direct cause and effect responses. However, disease is generally multicausative and the lung has relatively few ways to respond to injury. Moreover, all adult lungs have some disease. Thus, pathogenesis is ... | 0 |
42,441 | Effect of cumulative ozone exposure on ozone-induced nasal epithelial hyperplasia and secretory metaplasia in rats | Hotchkiss, JA; Harkema, JR; Henderson, RF | 1,991 | Repeated exposure of rats to O3 induces proliferative and secretory metaplastic changes within nasal airway epithelia that may protect against subsequent exposures. Our study assessed the effect of different cumulative exposure times on O3-induced nasal epithelial hyperplasia and secretory metaplasia. Rats were exposed... | 1 |
29,473 | Experimental evaluation of biomass burning emissions: Nitrogen and carbon containing compounds | Lobert, JM; Scharffe, DH; Hao, WM; Kuhlbusch, TA; Seuwen, R; Warneck, P; Crutzen, PJ | 1,991 | null | 0 |
187,221 | Changing carbohydrate profiles in shortleaf pine (Pinusechinata) after prolonged exposure to acid rain and ozone | Paynter, V; Reardon, J; Shelburne, V | 1,991 | Shortleaf pine (Pinusechinata Mill.) seedlings grown in open-top chambers were exposed to several combinations of ozone (near zero, ambient, 1.7 ? ambient, or 2.5 ? ambient) in conjunction with acid rain (pH 3.3, 4.3, or 5.3) starting in August 1988. Needle samples from the first (89-1) and third (89-3) flushes of the ... | 0 |
26,328 | Increased photosynthetic capacity of Scirpus olneyi after 4 years of exposure to elevated CO2 | Arp, WJ; Drake, BG | 1,991 | While a short-term exposure to elevated atmospheric CO2 induces a large increase in photosynthesis in many plants, long-term growth in elevated CO2 often results in a smaller increase due to reduced photosynthetic capacity. In this study, it was shown that, for a wild C3 species growing in its natural environment and e... | 0 |
42,470 | Recovery of lung pyridine nucleotides following acute exposure of adult and aged rats to ozone | Montgomery, MR; Raska-Emery, P; Balis, JU | 1,991 | null | 0 |
42,406 | Ozone-induced lipid peroxidation and membrane leakage in isolated rat alveolar macrophages: protective effects of taurine | Banks, MA; Porter, DW; Martin, WG; Castranova, V | 1,991 | Preincubation of alveolar macrophages in the presence of taurine resulted in a significant elevation of the intracellular content of this nutrient. Ozone exposure was associated with further increases in free intracellular taurine content. This mobilization of taurine seems to be a defense response to oxidants, since t... | 0 |
40,902 | Inhomogeneity of ventilatory unit volume and its effects on reactive gas uptake | Mercer, RR; Anjilvel, S; Miller, FJ; Crapo, JD | 1,991 | This study addressed the question of whether variation in the volume of alveoli and alveolar ducts forming single units of ventilation can significantly influence the distribution and uptake of inspired reaction gases. Quantitative serial section analyses of vascular perfusion-fixed rat lungs were used to determine the... | 1 |
42,482 | The ozonation of unsaturated fatty acids: Aldehydes and hydrogen peroxide as products and possible mediators of ozone toxicity | Pryor, WA; Das, B; Church, DF | 1,991 | #The products of the reactions of ozone with aqueous emulsions of unsaturated fatty acids and with liposomes made from phosphatidylcholine esters were characterized. Ozonolysis of emulsions of methyl oleate yields approximately 1 mol of hydrogen peroxide and 2 mol of aldehydes per mole of ozone used and fatty acid reac... | 1 |
43,488 | Root signals and the regulation of growth and development of plants in drying soil | Davies, WJ; Zhang, J | 1,991 | null | 0 |
43,001 | A comparison of ozone injury to vegetation during moist and drought years | Showman, RE | 1,991 | null | 0 |
43,468 | Effects of ozone and acidic deposition on carbon allocation and mycorrhizal colonization of Pinus taeda L seedlings | Adams, MB; O'Neill, EG | 1,991 | Patterns of carbon allocation and mycorrhizal colonization were examined in loblolly pine seedlings from two half-sib families exposed to three ozone treatments (charcoal-filtered air, ambient air + 80 ppb O3, and ambient air + 160 ppb O3) and three rain pH levels (5.2, 4.5, and 3.3) for 12 weeks in open-topped chamber... | 0 |
52,429 | Effect of chemical kinetics uncertainties on calculated constituents in a tropospheric photochemical model | Thompson, AM; Stewart, RW | 1,991 | The imprecision of photochemical reaction rates as measured in the laboratory introduces significant uncertainty into trace species concentration calculated in a photochemical model. We have evaluated uncertainties in tropospheric concentrations calculated with a one-dimensional photochemical model, using a Monte Carlo... | 0 |
78,978 | The role of the peak flow meter in the diagnosis and management of asthma | Cross, D; Nelson, HS | 1,991 | null | 0 |
156,444 | Practical causal inference for ecoepidemiologists | Fox, GA | 1,991 | Environmental scientists and managers must determine whether a relationship between an environmental factor and an observed effect is causal and respond accordingly. Epidemiologists have, over the past 150 yr, developed a systematic approach to evaluating these relationships. Their criteria for objectively evaluating t... | 0 |
42,433 | Behandlungsfalle in einer Poliklinischen Abteilung fur Lungenkrankheiten und Tuberkulose in Zusammenhang mit lufthygienisch bedenklichen Situationen [Treated cases in a polyclinical department for lung diseases and tuberculosis in connection with questionable situation of air hygiene]. | Friedland, EM; Dorre, WH; Horn, K; Kowalewicz, B | 1,991 | null | 0 |
42,500 | Effects of urban air pollution on emergency room admissions for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | Sunyer, J; Anto, JM; Murillo, C; Saez, M | 1,991 | FISss (Spain?). #The authors assessed the relation between sulfur dioxide and other air pollutants (black smoke, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, and ozone) and daily emergency room admissions for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Barcelona, Spain, during 1985-1986. Barcelona is a Mediterranean city of 1.7 mil... | 0 |
42,495 | [Changes of procoagulant and fibrinolytic activities in the alveoli of rats exposed to ozone] | Shima, M; Adachi, M | 1,991 | The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of ozone, a reactive product of environmental photochemical oxidation, in the development of pulmonary fibrosis. Male Wistar rats were exposed continuously to 0.5 ppm ozone for 1,4,7 and 14 days, and alveolar macrophages and lavage fluid obtained by bronchoalveolar lav... | 0 |
42,601 | Using passive sampling devices to measure selected air volatiles for assessing ecological change | Mulik, JD; Varns, JL; Koutrakis, P; Wolfson, M; Bunyaviroch, A; Williams, DD; Kronmiller, KG | 1,991 | null | 0 |
3,830 | Studies of inspiratory airflow patterns in the nasal passages of the F344 rat and rhesus monkey using nasal molds: Relevance to formaldehyde toxicity | Morgan, KT; Kimbell, JS; Monticello, TM; Patra, AL; Fleishman, A | 1,991 | For highly water soluble and reactive gases, such as formaldehyde, the reported distribution of nasal lesions in rats and rhesus monkeys following inhalation exposure may be attributable, at least in part, to regional gas uptake patterns that are a consequence of nasal airflow characteristics. Inspiratory nasal airflow... | 0 |
42,421 | The response of guniea pig airway epithelial cells and alveolar macrophages to environmental stress | Cohen, DS; Palmer, E; Welch, WJ; Sheppard, D | 1,991 | Cells lining the respiratory tract form an interface between the organism and the external environment and are repeatedly exposed to physical, chemical, and metabolic stresses. We examined the response of cultured guinea pig tracheal epithelial cells and alveolar macrophages to various forms of stress, including clinic... | 0 |
42,086 | Controlling urban air pollution: a benefit-cost assessment | Krupnick, AJ; Portney, PR | 1,991 | To help focus debate about the best use of society's resources, it is important to have estimates of the benefits and costs of further improvements in air quality. Such estimates are developed, with focus primarily on reductions in ground-level ozone resulting from the control of volatile organic compounds; to a lesser... | 0 |
42,420 | Modulation of ozone toxicity with changes in ambient temperature in the unanesthetized, unrestrained rat | Watkinson, WP; Wiester, MJ | 1,991 | null | 0 |
37,964 | Integrated responses of plants to stress: A centralized system of physiological responses | Chapin FS III | 1,991 | null | 0 |
42,704 | Air pollutants and the respiratory system: toxicity and pharmacologic interventions | Koenig, JQ; Pierson, WE | 1,991 | Air pollution remains a major aggravation of respiratory symptoms and disease. Sulfur dioxide, ozone, sulfuric acid, particulate matter such as the fine particles from wood smoke, and nitrogen dioxide all produce significant effects when investigated in laboratory or field studies. These effects are decreases in pulmon... | 0 |
42,874 | Terpenes emitted from agricultural species found in California's Central Valley | Arey, J; Winer, AM; Atkinson, R; Aschmann, SM; Long, WD; Morrison, CL; Olszyk, DM | 1,991 | null | 0 |
43,991 | Design and performance of branch chambers suitable for long-term ozone fumigation of foliage in large trees | Teskey, RO; Dougherty, PM; Wiselogel, AE | 1,991 | null | 0 |
42,390 | Suppression and recovery of the alveolar macrophage phagocytic system during continuous exposure to 05 ppm ozone | Gilmour, MI; Hmieleski, RR; Stafford, EA; Jakab, GJ | 1,991 | Short-term exposures to ozone (O3) are known to impair pulmonary antibacterial defenses and alveolar macrophage (AM) phagocytosis in a dose-related manner. To determine the effect of prolonged O3 exposure, Swiss mice were exposed continuously to 0.5 ppm O3. At 1, 3, 7, and 14 days, intrapulmonary killing was assessed b... | 0 |
43,448 | Influence of temperature on formation and stability of surface PAN and ozone A two year field study in Switzerland | Wunderli, S; Gehrig, R | 1,991 | null | 0 |
48,340 | On-road CO remote sensing in the Los Angeles Basin: Final report | Stedman, DH; Bishop, G; Peterson, JE; Guenther, PL | 1,991 | An analysis of the data indicates that a conservative upper limit of fifteen percent of the measured CO emissions arises from vehicles in either a cold start or an off-cycle acceleration mode. Forty three percent of the fleet of 77 vehicles measured four or more times were always in the clean (<1 % CO) category. These ... | 0 |
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