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DANKE, dass Du Dir die Zeit nimmst und Teil der „Mission Siret" wirst! Zu Deiner Vorbereitung haben wir ein paar Informationen für Dich aufgeschrieben. Diese sind ein Ausgriff aus dem Leitfaden für die Mission Siret sind.
WELCOME
Den vollständigen Leitfaden bekommst Du bei Deiner Anreise in Siret.
Die Zeit hier in Siret und in der Ukraine wird bestimmt sehr spanend für Dich. Zwei Leitsätze haben sich hier sehr gut bewährt:
2)
1) Leben nach Lage: Es gibt zwar wiederkehrende Abläufe, und dennoch kann jeder Tag anders werden.
die wir hier sind. Bitte denke stets daran, danke Dir! Wir benehmen uns zu jeder Zeit höflich, respektvoll und
Wir sind
Gäste bei sowohl Daniel als auch in ganz in Siret! Und wir
vertreten die Johanniter in der gesamten Zeit,
verantwortungsbewusst.
Da wir privat unterkommen empfehlen wir Dir, ein kleines Gastgeschenk mitzubringen.
Packliste
Für Fahrten und Arbeit in der Halle empfiehlt sich eine lange Hose, die gerne auch mal staubig / dreckig werden kann. Es wird im Herbst / Winter sehr kalt. Bitte denkt auch an gutes Schuhwerk. Bettzeug ist in Siret vorhanden, Handtücher musst Du bitte selbst mitbringen. Waschen vor Ort bei Crina und Daniel geht bitte nur für diejenigen, die länger als eine Woche da sind. Für Kirchgänge und Ausflüge bitte etwas Angemessenes haben; kein Anzug / Dress, aber bitte lange Hosen / Röcke. Nahrungsmittelversorgung bei Allergien: es gibt kaum Möglichkeiten an glutenfreie, laktosefreie Lebensmittel etc. zu kommen. Wenn jemand besondere Nahrungsmittel braucht, dann bitte aus DE mitbringen. Gleiches gilt für Medikamente.
Deine Ankunft in Siret
Bitte schicke Deine Ankunftsdaten in die Rotationsgruppe per WhatsApp. Tag, Zeit und Flug, damit das lokale Team sich um Deinen Transport nach Siret kümmern kann. Danke
Tagesablauf
Morgens:
LEBEN NACH LAGE : der hier vorgeschlagene Ablauf ist der „Normalablauf" eines Tages. Es wird sich fast immer etwas ergeben, was eine flexible Reaktion bedarf. Demnach denken alle Teammitglieder bitte proaktiv mit und bleiben stets in Kommunikation mit dem Rest des Teams.
_ 8:00 Uhr das Team ist bei der Halle.
_ Das Homebaseteam sorgt für Ordnung in der Halle, packt GlobalMedics Boxen und holt Ware ab etc.
_ Das Team checkt die Autos noch einmal / bereitet die Autos vor. Unbedingt die geladenen Handys, Walkie-Talkies und Schlüssel mitnehmen!
Abends nach Rückkehr aus UKR:
_ in der BOMA: Teamreflexion: Das Team macht beim Abendessen eine kurze Feedbackrunde, wie der Tag war, was gut lief und was ggf. verbessert werden kann.
_ in der Halle: Absprache mit Ana-Maria für die Ziele des nächsten Tages, Fahrzeuge dementsprechend beladen.
_ Das Team spricht sich ab über die Besetzung der Fahrzeuge und die Fahrer.
Allgemein Sicherheit
- Die Straßen in der Ukraine sind teilweise abenteuerlich. Die Fahrer sind bitte zu jeder Zeit fahrtüchtig.
- Der Grenzübertritt ist immer freiwillig. Es gibt genug auch in Siret zu tun, keiner muss in die Ukraine.
à
genügend Schlaf, wenig/kein Alkohol.
_ dürfen nicht in Social Media gepostet werden und nicht an irgendjemanden schickt werden.
- Fotos und Videos aus der Ukraine, die einen genauen Rückschluss auf den Ort zulassen,
_ Es werden KEINE Bilder von Soldaten oder militärischen (&Schutz-)Anlagen gemacht.
Unterkunft
- Sie sind die weltbesten Gastgeber, die Du schnell in Dein Herz schließen wirst.
Wir sind bei Holy-Daniel und Crina Gäste und wollen uns bitte auch so benehmen!
Finanzen
- Bei Lidl könnt ihr Essen für den Abend kaufen; der Einkauf wird durch die Johanniter nachträglich erstattet.
LIDL
(für Essen des Teams)
-
Was nicht Abendessen ist, wie zum Beispiel Alkohol, Zigaretten/Tabak, Süßigkeiten, Energydrinks,
Restaurantbesuche oder Hygieneartikel, wird nicht übernommen
à
bitte separat bezahlen
DANKE! Dass Du Dir die Zeit genommen hast, diese Seiten zu lesen! Jetzt geht es los!
Wir wünschen Dir eine tolle Zeit, herzliche Grüße, Coco, Trutz, Karl-Siegfried
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| 3,966
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Protokoll GV 2014
- Protokoll 2013: einstimmig angenommen
- Mutationen: Austritte (siehe Powerpoint + Leti + Tanja)
- Beichte aus Mannschaft: verdrückt
- Rechnung 2013: Ein bisschen weniger Ausgaben als budgetiert
- Revisorenbericht: Rechnung 2013/14 ist genehmigt.
- Abnahme Kasse + Entlastung Vorstand NT einstimmig angenommen
- Budget 14/15: einstimmig angenommen
- Mitgliederbeiträge: " "
- Vorstand: angenommen bei 3 Enthaltungen
- Revisoren: angenommen (1 Enthaltung)
- Anträge: keine eingegangen
- Diverses:
- Frauenteam verpflichtet sich, auf nächste Saison einen eigenen Schini zu stellen. Termin: bis Ende Jahr.
- Schreibereinteilung erfolgt wie letztes Jahr. Schreiberkurs ist nötig für einige Damen.
TEILNEHMER LISTE
Barbara
Carmen
Steffi
Moni
Patrizia
Selina
Ria
Larissa
Coco
Anwina
Fritz
Bruno
Sandra
Scott
Isabelle
Marius
Adrian
Froschy
Sead
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finepdfs
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| 863
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Linear Wall Sconce
Brushed Brass finish wall sconce. Lamps not included.
4.25" Ø Canopy.
2630 Flossmoor Road, Suite 102 Flossmoor, IL, 60422-1560, Ph.(312) 240-0400 email@example.com stonelighting.net
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Plan national de lutte
relatif à l'écureuil à ventre rouge (Callosciurus erythraeus)
dans les Alpes-Maritimes
Jean-Louis CHAPUIS, Anne DOZIERES, Benoît PISANU (*) Olivier GERRIET (**) , Sophie BERLIN et Samuel PAUVERT (***)
Avril 2011
Sommaire
(*) Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris
(**) Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle de Nice
(***) DREAL Provence - Alpes - Côte d'Azur
Contacts :
firstname.lastname@example.org email@example.com
firstname.lastname@example.org
Introduction
Les introductions d'espèces constituent, après la destruction des habitats, un des principaux facteurs d'érosion de la biodiversité à l'échelle mondiale. L'origine des introductions, qu'elles soient volontaires, accidentelles ou fortuites, est liée à l'accroissement considérable, au cours de ces deux cents dernières années, du trafic et du commerce à travers le monde. Aux motivations originelles des introductions d'espèces animales l'agriculture et l'élevage, la chasse et la pêche, l'amélioration du cadre de vie,…- s'ajoute, depuis une trentaine d'années, l'engouement pour les «Nouveaux Animaux de Compagnie» (NAC), parmi lesquels dominent des reptiles, des arachnides, des rongeurs. Évadés ou volontairement libérés par leurs propriétaires, ces animaux de compagnie peuvent constituer des populations marronnes dans le milieu naturel.
Les écureuils ont « une place de choix » parmi ces espèces en Europe, avec notamment l'écureuil gris (Sciurus carolinensis) introduit en Grande-Bretagne et en Italie, l'écureuil de Corée (Tamias sibiricus) en France, Italie, Allemagne et Suisse, et l'écureuil à ventre rouge (Callosciurus erythraeus) en France, Belgique, Pays-Bas et Italie.
L'écureuil gris, originaire d'Amérique du nord, a été introduit en tant qu'animal d'ornement en 1876 en Angleterre, 1892 en Ecosse, 1913 en Irlande (Shorten, 1954) et, plus récemment, en 1948 en Italie (Bertolino & Genovesi, 2002). En Grande-Bretagne, ses populations dont les effectifs sont estimés à plusieurs millions d'individus, sont à l'origine de la disparition quasi totale de l'écureuil roux (Sicurus vulgaris). Le coût économique lié à leur présence est estimé à 14 millions de £/an, notamment en relation avec leur impact sur la sylviculture, par écorçage des arbres (Williams et al. 2010).
Le tamia de Sibérie, originaire de Corée, vendu dans les animaleries depuis les années 1960, a une répartition encore limitée en Europe où l'on dénombre 21 populations dont 11 sont situées en France (Chapuis et al., 2011). Sur notre territoire, ses relations avec l'écureuil roux sont encore mal connues. Les principales conséquences de son introduction se situeraient sur le plan sanitaire, ce rongeur pouvant en effet jouer un rôle important dans la dynamique de la borréliose de Lyme, maladie contractée par l'homme (Chapuis et al. 2010).
L'écureuil à ventre rouge, originaire d'Asie, a été introduit en Europe en tant qu'animal d'ornement. Quatre populations sont actuellement recensées.
La plus ancienne est établie en France, dans les Alpes-Maritimes, depuis la fin des années 1960. Les trois autres populations, localisées en Belgique, aux Pays-Bas et en Italie, se sont installées entre 1998 et 2005. Celle présente en Belgique est actuellement en voie d'être éradiquée (J. Stuyck, com. pers.) et les deux autres sont en cours d'étude (V. Dijkstra, L. Wauters, com. pers.). Les conséquences de l'introduction de ce rongeur seraient proches de celles de l'écureuil gris, avec un impact sur les populations d'écureuils roux, des dégâts causés aux arbres et arbustes par écorçage, et la consommation importante de fruits dans les jardins et les plantations (agrumes, olives…).
Au début des années 1970, lors des premières observations de l'écureuil à ventre rouge sur le Cap d'Antibes, l'espèce faisait figure de curiosité. Bien que les dangers liés aux introductions d'espèces aient été soulignés dès 1958 par Elton, aucune action n'a été entreprise pour limiter, voire éradiquer cet écureuil avant l'extension de la population. L'isolement apparent du Cap d'Antibes vis-à-vis de l'arrière-pays, par la barrière que constituaient les habitations d'Antibes - Juanles-Pins, a certainement contribué à la non intervention de la part des acteurs locaux. Toutefois, depuis les années 2000, cette " barrière " a été franchie. Aujourd'hui, l'écureuil à ventre rouge occupe également une partie de la commune de Vallauris, et sa présence a été signalée en 2009 sur celle du Cannet. Au nord, l'autoroute A8 constitue la dernière barrière limitant son expansion.
Accepté tout d'abord par la population, car peu farouche et facile à observer, l'écureuil à ventre rouge est maintenant considéré comme une " peste " par une partie des habitants qui le dénomment " rat de Corée ". Cette aversion, liée aux dommages causés dans les jardins (écorçage d'arbres et d'arbustes, consommations des fruits) et aux infrastructures (sectionnement des câbles téléphoniques, rongement des systèmes d'arrosage), conduit certains à les éliminer par piégeage, tir ou empoisonnement, avec des risques non négligeables pour les espèces non cibles.
Cette situation et les risques importants d'extension de l'espèce ont incité le ministère en charge de l'écologie (MEDDTL) à mettre en place un plan national de lutte contre cet écureuil exotique. Après une présentation succincte de l'espèce, des actions sont suggérées et des opérations sont programmées, associant les nombreux acteurs concernés par ce projet dont le public, afin de contrôler cette espèce tant que cela parait encore possible.
Première partie :
Bilan des connaissances
I. Présentation de l'écureuil à ventre rouge
1. Biologie et écologie
L'écureuil à ventre rouge (Callosciurus erythraeus), Sciuridé originaire d'Asie du Sud-Est, a fait l'objet de peu de travaux sur son aire d'origine. Sa position taxonomique reste encore imprécise, une grande variété de formes existant. Sa biologie et son écologie ont été étudiées en particulier au Japon, où l'espèce a été introduite à partir des années 1930, et où elle pose des problèmes tant écologiques qu'économiques.
En France, l'écureuil à ventre rouge est présent depuis une quarantaine d'années sur le Cap d'Antibes (Alpes-Maritimes). Sa biologie et son écologie ne sont que partiellement connues. Compte tenu des risques d'extension de cet écureuil exotique et des conséquences potentielles qui y sont liées, des travaux ont été initiés en 2009 afin de combler en partie nos lacunes, de disposer d'informations sur sa répartition et sur les conséquences liées à sa présence.
* Systématique
- Nom commun : Ecureuil à ventre rouge
- Ordre : Rongeurs
- Famille : Sciuridés
- Genre : Callosciurus Gray, 1867
- Espèce : Callosciurus erythraeus (Pallas, 1779)
- Sous-espèce : Sciuridé présentant une grande variabilité ; nombreuses sous-espèces.
Une grande confusion demeure sur la taxonomie encore mal connue de ce groupe d'écureuils ; des travaux sont actuellement en cours, notamment au Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (C. Denys), afin de préciser le statut des espèces du genre Callosciurus.
- Espèces proches : autres espèces du genre Callosciurus ; en France, l'écureuil roux (Sciurus vulgaris).
L'écureuil à ventre rouge, facilement indentifiable, peut toutefois être confondu, dans les AlpesMaritimes, avec l'écureuil roux. Bien que d'un gabarit identique, il diffère de l'écureuil à ventre rouge par sa tête moins massive, une queue en panache et, en hiver, la présence d'un plumeau sur les oreilles ; il est également reconnaissable par la couleur de son pelage, le corps et la queue étant généralement de couleur rousse, mais aussi roux-gris ou roux-noir, et le ventre blanc (voir la description de l'écureuil à ventre rouge ci-après).
* Aire de répartition
Aire d'origine
Asie du Sud-Est : sud et est de la Chine, Taiwan, Vietnam du Nord et du Sud, Laos, est du Cambodge, sud et ouest de la Birmanie, sud de Thaïlande, Bengladesh, nord-est de l'Inde (Fig. 1).
Zones d'introduction
- Japon : île Izuoshima (1935), île Enoshima (1951) et île Tomogashima (1954) ;
- Argentine : localité de Jauregui, Lujan (1970) ;
- Belgique : localité de Dadizele, Flandres (début des années 2000);
- Pays-Bas : localité de Weert (1998) ;
- Italie : localité de Brezzo di Bedero (milieu des années 2000) ;
- France : Cap d'Antibes, Alpes-Maritimes (fin des années 1960).
* Morphologie (adulte, n=95, Antibes)
- Poids : 346 ± 28 g (300-443)
- Longueur tête-corps : 21,7 ± 0,8 cm (19,6-23,4)
- Longueur de queue : 17,4 ± 1,1 cm (13,0-19,4)
- L. du pied postérieur : 47,2 ± 1,8 mm (40,9-51,5)
- Longueur de l'oreille : 19,6 ± 1,2 mm (17,2-22,2)
- Formule dentaire (Sciuridés) : 1023/1013 (n=22)
* Pelage
Forme typique de C . erythraeus : brun olive sur le dos, la tête, les flancs et les membres ; roux acajou sur le ventre. Pattes grises, comme le menton et la gorge, mains et pieds noirs. Queue légèrement annelée, parsemée de poils de couleur fauve dans sa moitié basale et blanche à l'extrémité. La plage rouge ventrale ne couvre ni le menton, ni la gorge, ni le scrotum des mâles. Pas de dimorphisme sexuel.
* Habitat
Aire d'origine
Habitats forestiers variés. Taiwan : forêts tropicales humides constituées de bambous, de feuillus et de conifères jusqu'à 3000 m, dans les vergers; Inde : forêts tempérées ou humides entre 500 et 2000 m ; Chine : forêt de conifères subalpins, ou mixtes jusqu'à plus de 3000 m.
Zones d'introduction
- France (communes d'Antibes – Juan-les-Pins et de Vallauris) : chênaie, forêts mixtes (feuillusconifères), bois de pin parasol, jardins ;
- Belgique : parc urbain boisé (feuillus) ;
- Italie : forêt mixte de feuillus ;
- Argentine : bois fragmentés de feuillusconifères. ;
- Japon : forêts tempérées, bois fragmentés en zones cultivées et péri-urbaines.
Présence de populations naturalisées en Belgique (climat océanique-continental) et en France sur le Cap d'Antibes (climat méditerranéen) : l'espèce peut potentiellement occuper les massifs forestiers de basse altitude, mais aussi des forêts de résineux ou mixtes d'altitude, de l'ensemble du territoire français métropolitain.
* Rythme d'activité
Diurne. Arboricole. Animal bruyant.
Cris entendus surtout en période de reproduction, le matin à l'aube, mais également tout au long de la journée.
Actif principalement le matin, toute l'année.
* Domaine vital, dispersion
Aire d'origine
Taiwan, en forêts mixtes, domaine vital de 0,3 ± 0,1 ha (n=41) pour les femelles et 1,4 ± 1,1 ha (n=20) pour les mâles. Individus sédentaires, fidèles au site. Faible dispersion des jeunes femelles, contrairement aux mâles, dispersant avant leur 6 ème mois.
Zones d'introduction
- Japon, en forêts mixtes, 0,5 ± 0,1 ha (n=31) pour les femelles et 2,1 ± 0,7 ha (n=27) pour les mâles. Sédentaires, dispersion des jeunes identique à celle observée sur Taiwan.
- France, sur la commune de Vallauris (AlpesMaritimes), domaines vitaux de 2,2 ± 1,2 à 4,3 ± 0,8 ha selon les saisons pour les femelles (n=7) et de 5,8 ± 1,4 ha à 8,3 ± 1,2 (n=6) pour les mâles. L'écureuil à ventre rouge ne défend pas de territoire. Les femelles mettent bas dans un nid de forme ellipsoïdale, constitué de branches entrelacées, d'environ 50 cm de diamètre et localisé à proximité du tronc ou sur des fourches de branches latérales de conifères et de feuillus.
* Reproduction
- Système reproductif : polygamie de promiscuité (un mâle ou une femelle peut s'accoupler avec plusieurs partenaires). A Taiwan et au Japon, une femelle peut s'accoupler avec en moyenne 8 à 9 mâles (4-11).
- Période d'accouplement : sur son aire d'origine et sur le Cap d'Antibes, activité sexuelle tout au long de l'année ; pic au printemps et en été.
- Reproduction : au Japon, les femelles ont 1 à 3 portées/an de 1,4 jeunes sevrés ; sur le Cap d'Antibes, les femelles peuvent avoir 2 portées par an, de 1 à 3 jeunes (1,9 ± 0,5, n=19).
- Sexe-ratio (M:F) adulte : 1,1 (n = 106 ind. piégés sur le Cap d'Antibes).
- Maturité sexuelle : une année ou plus.
- Durée de gestation : 47 à 49 jours en captivité.
- Longévité : maximum 4 ans.
* Densité
Aire d'origine
Taiwan, dans une forêt mixte, densité annuelle stable, entre 5-7 adultes/ha ; dans une forêt de conifères, densité de 2 à 3 ind./ha. Plus faible au début du printemps.
Zones d'introduction
- Japon, dans une forêt mixte, densité annuelle stable, entre 5-7 adultes/ha.
- France, densités de 8 ind./ha dans le Bois de la
Garoupe en mai 2010 (Cap d'Antibes), et de 3 à 3,5 ind./ha en mai 2009 et 2010 dans le Bois des Encourdoules (commune de Vallauris).
* Alimentation
Aire d'origine
Taiwan : se nourrit d'une grande variété d'items, pour plus de 90% de fleurs ou de fruits et graines selon la saison, sur une trentaine d'espèces ; part animale faible (7%), constituée essentiellement d'insectes.
Zones d'introduction
- Japon : pour 95%, parties reproductives (fleurs, fruits, graines) de diverses essences d'arbres et, pour moins de 5%, part animale (insectes).
- France, observé se nourrissant d'écorce d'arbres, (cambium), fleurs, fruits et graines de diverses espèces selon les saisons (pine de pins, glands, amande d'olives, agrumes) ; part animale peu importante, constituée d'insectes (chenilles,…).
* Prédation
Aire d'origine
Très peu d'information sur ses prédateurs dans son aire d'origine.
A Taiwan (Parc national de Ken-Ting) : le serpentaire bacha (Spilornis cheela) et le busard à tête grise (Butastur indicus). Cris d'alerte des écureuils variant selon la nature du prédateur : un chant unimodal pour les prédateurs aériens, des aboiements ou des cris répétés pour les prédateurs terrestres (mammifères, serpents).
Zones d'introduction
- Japon : observation de tentatives de prédations par le milan noir (Milvus migrans).
- France : prédation par les chats et chiens domestiques.
* Parasites
Aire d'origine
Très peu d'informations en dehors d'études portant sur les ectoparasites, principalement les poux.
Zones d'introduction
- Japon : présence de deux espèces de poux (Neohaematopinus callosciuri, Enderleinellus kumadai), d'une puce (Ceratophyllus anisus), d'une tique (Haemaphysalis flava) et au moins de trois nématodes (Brevistriata callosciuri, Strongyloides callosciureus et Gongylonema neoplasticum). Belgique : présence de deux espèces de poux (E. kumadai, Hoplopleura erismata), et accidentellement un nématode (Mastophorus sp).
- France : présence du pou E. kumadai, accidentel-ement de la puce Nosopsyllus fasciatus et d'un Cestode Hymenolepis sp.
Les poux identifiés au Japon, en Belgique et en
France sont originaires du sud-est Asiatique ; ils ont été introduits avec leur hôte, ainsi que les nématodes B. callosciuri et S. callosciureus au Japon. Ces deux dernières espèces pourraient infecter l'écureuil roux du Japon, Sciurus lis, s'ils venaient à cohabiter. Les poux, très spécifiques des Callosciurus, peuvent être négligés comme source de danger pour les écureuils roux, ou l'homme. En France et en Belgique, les puces et vers intestinaux parasitant accidentellement les écureuils sont habituellement portés par des rats ou souris.
* Dégâts
Aire d'origine
Dégâts sur les plantations de conifères à Taiwan.
Zones d'introduction
- Japon : considéré comme nuisible du fait des dégâts sur les plantations de Camellia, mais aussi d'autres espèces cultivées et des arbres de plantation ou d'ornement ; rongement des câbles téléphoniques. Dérangements en construisant ses nids dans les habitations.
- Argentine : même dégâts qu'au Japon.
- Pays-Bas : écorçage, rongement de branches,
de structures en bois d'habitations, tubes plastiques, câbles téléphoniques.
- Belgique et France : dégâts sensiblement identiques : écorçage de diverses essences d'arbres, rongement des câbles téléphoniques, dégâts aux fruits et agrumes.
Europe et Japon : suspecté d'entrer en compétition avec les écureuils roux natifs, avec lesquels il partage les mêmes habitats et les mêmes ressources alimentaires, et d'avoir un impact sur les communautés aviaires de cavité par consommation des œufs.
* Interventions humaines
Aire d'origine
Taiwan : empoisonné localement (plantation).
Autres pays : chassé localement.
Zones d'introduction
- Japon : plusieurs centaines d'individus tués annuellement depuis les années 1970 dans la ville de Kamakura où il est interdit de les nourrir ;
- Belgique : contrôlé depuis 2008 ;
- Italie : demande de contrôle en cours ;
- Argentine, France : contrôlé localement par des particuliers (tir, piégeage et empoisonnement).
* Statut de l'espèce
Aire d'origine
Statut IUCN : espèce classée en catégorie
« Préoccupation mineure ».
Zones d'introduction
« Espèce envahissante » en Belgique, en
Argentine, au Japon, en France ;
« Espèce introduite » aux Pays-Bas, en Italie.
2. Répartition dans les Alpes-Maritimes
Observé à la fin des années 1960 (J.-M. Gourreau, com. pers.), et de façon certaine avant 1974 selon Jouanin (1986, 1992), l'écureuil à ventre rouge a été introduit vraisemblablement par le propriétaire d'une résidence du Cap d'Antibes, lieu des premières observations. Bien que le nombre de fondateurs ne soit pas connu, il est probable que la population actuelle, constituée de plusieurs milliers d'écureuils, soit issue d'un nombre restreint d'individus (un couple ?).
Au cours des années suivantes, après une phase d'installation, il a étendu son aire de répartition, pénétrant dans la ville, notamment dans le parc de la Pinède (Juan-les-Pins) où il est nourri quotidiennement par les citadins. À la fin des années 1990, il a franchi la barrière constituée par les habitations de la ville, atteignant au début des années 2000 les bois situés en périphérie. Par la suite, profitant de corridors constitués par des jardins et certains massifs boisés, il a colonisé le nord de la commune d'Antibes, la commune de Vallauris, et il a été observé récemment (août 2009) sur celle du Cannet (Fig. 2).
Actuellement, la dernière barrière limitant l'expansion de l'espèce au nord est constituée par l'autoroute A8, aucun individu n'ayant été observé à ce jour au-delà de cette infrastructure routière. Ceci reste toutefois à confirmer car, en phase de colonisation, les individus peuvent rester inaperçus pendant plusieurs années et les secteurs du voisinage de cette autoroute n'ont pas encore été suffisamment prospectés pour certifier de leur absence.
Cette espèce n'étant pas vendue dans les animaleries en France, ni détenue par des particuliers (à notre connaissance), il est peu probable que d'autres individus aient été introduits ailleurs sur notre territoire, excepté en cas de translocations d'individus provenant du Cap d'Antibes. À l'heure actuelle, nous ne disposons pas de telles informations.
II. Statut de l'espèce
Selon les critères de l'UICN, cette espèce n'est pas menacée dans son aire de réparation d'origine (classée dans la catégorie « Préoccupation mineure »).
En France depuis le 30 juillet 2010, cet écureuil est visé par l'arrêté ministériel interdisant sur le territoire métropolitain l'introduction dans le milieu naturel de certaines espèces d'animaux vertébrés. L'article 2 de cet arrêté interdit « sur tout le territoire métropolitain et en tout temps l'introduction dans le milieu naturel, volontaire, par négligence, ou par imprudence, des spécimens vivants » de toutes les espèces de Sciuridés, à l'exception de l'écureuil roux et de la marmotte des Alpes (Marmota marmota).
Par ailleurs, la Convention sur la diversité biologique du 22 mai 1992, entrée en vigueur le 29 septembre 1994, prévoit dans son article 8-h que chaque partie contractante « empêche d'introduire, contrôle ou éradique les espèces exotiques qui menacent des écosystèmes, des habitats ou des espèces ». De même, une recommandation n° 114 (2005) du Comité permanent a été adoptée le 1er décembre 2005, sur le contrôle de l'écureuil gris (Sciurus carolinensis) et d'autres espèces exotiques d'écureuils en Europe. Celle-ci invite les « Parties à mettre en œuvre des mesures de prévention contre l'introduction d'espèces exotiques d'écureuils, incluant toutes les voies d'introduction pertinentes telles que le commerce et le tourisme, et à veiller tout particulièrement à détecter de nouvelles introductions afin de mener des interventions rapides justifiées et spécifiques, telles que l'éradication, surtout aux tout premiers stades de l'introduction ».
Le Grenelle de l'Environnement confirme cette ambition de lutter contre les espèces exotiques envahissantes en France. L'article 23 de la loi du 3 août 2009 précise que l'Etat se fixe comme objectifs « la mise en œuvre de plans de lutte contre les espèces exotiques envahissantes, terrestres et marines, afin de prévenir leur installation et leur extension et réduire leurs impacts négatifs».
Dès lors, si rien ne s'oppose à éradiquer cette espèce qui présente de graves problèmes de perte de notre patrimoine biologique et d'atteinte aux biens, il convient d'envisager ces captures dans le cadre de mesures administratives notamment au regard de sa perception par le grand public, avec le concours de personnes spécialement formées.
III. Menaces et retours d'expérience sur les actions de lutte
Les menaces liées à l'extension de l'écureuil à ventre rouge sont d'ordre écologique et économique. Si l'espèce n'est pas contenue sur les secteurs où il est actuellement présent, son impact pourrait être important :
* sur le plan écologique,
- exclusion très probable de l'écureuil roux, l'un et l'autre exploitant les mêmes habitats et l'écureuil
à ventre rouge consommant les items recherchés par l'écureuil roux ;
- impact potentiel sur les communautés aviaires (par consommation des œufs, voire des oisillons) en raison des densités importantes que peut atteindre cet écureuil.
Ces impacts sont suspectés car aucune donnée n'est disponible sur les secteurs occupés actuellement par l'écureuil à ventre rouge. Malgré la présence d'habitats favorables, l'écureuil roux est absent du Cap d'Antibes et du sud de la commune de Vallauris. Il a été observé en 20092010 uniquement sur les sites récemment colonisés par l'écureuil à ventre rouge, et où il n'est pas encore présent (Kamenova, 2009 ; Bastelica, 2010).
* sur le plan économique, des dégâts avérés sont observés :
- aux infrastructures, en particulier rongement des câbles téléphoniques, des systèmes d'arrosage ;
- aux essences arbustives et arborescentes, forestières et d'ornement, par rongement de l'écorce et aux essences fruitières par consommation des fleurs et des fruits (agrumes, olives, tomates,…).
Des actions de lutte en cours
Afin de faire face à ces dégâts, l'écureuil à ventre rouge fait l'objet de mesures de régulation dans les zones d'introduction mais aussi au sein de son aire d'origine.
Sur son aire d'origine, dans des forêts de conifères à Taiwan, contrôle par empoisonnement (au moins jusqu'aux années 1990), en raison de dégâts occasionnées aux plantations.
Dans les zones d'introduction,
- en Belgique (Dadizele), contrôle initié en 2008 dans le but d'éradiquer l'espèce (par piégeage) ; des individus ayant échappé au contrôle, de nouveaux piégeages ont été effectués en 2010.
- en Argentine, contrôle localement par des propriétaires (pas d'indication sur le mode opératoire) ;
- au Japon, dans la ville de Kamakura, plusieurs centaines d'individus sont éliminés annuellement depuis les années 1970 (pas d'indication sur le mode opératoire) ;
- en France, sur les communes d'Antibes – Juanles-Pins, de Vallauris, contrôle par certains propriétaires lassés par les dégâts qu'ils occasionnent ; mode opératoire : tir, piégeage, voire empoisonnement.
Deuxième partie :
Besoins et enjeux de la lutte, modalités organisationnelles
I. Besoins et enjeux de la lutte
1. Les enjeux
Pourquoi contrôler ou éradiquer l'écureuil à ventre rouge ?
Les introductions d'espèces sont considérées comme une composante importante des changements globaux liés aux activités humaines. Elles représentent, sur le plan écologique, une des principales causes d'érosion de la biodiversité (Vitousek et al., 1997 ; Walker & Steffen, 1997) aboutissant dans certains cas à des extinctions d'espèces, notamment en milieux insulaires (Williamson, 1996). L'article 8h de la Convention sur la Diversité Biologique (sommet de Rio de Janeiro, 1992) auquel la France a adhéré stipule que " chaque partie contractante doit, autant que possible, empêcher l'introduction, contrôler et éradiquer les populations d'espèces allochtones qui menacent les écosystèmes, les habitats et d'autres espèces ". A cet aspect " biodiversité ", s'ajoute le coût économique lié aux nuisances de ces espèces (voir DAISIE, 2009).
Les impacts négatifs liés à l'introduction d'une espèce passent en général inaperçus lors de sa phase d'installation. Quand ils apparaissent de façon notable, l'aire de répartition de l'espèce et ses densités sont telles que toutes opérations, que ce soit de contrôle ou d'éradication, deviennent difficilement réalisables, voire impossibles (Pascal et al., 2003). Dans tous les cas, il est important d'intervenir le plus tôt possible après avoir diagnostiqué la présence d'une espèce introduite connue dans d'autres régions comme posant problème, ce qui est le cas de l'écureuil à ventre rouge, dans tous les pays où il a été introduit (Japon, Argentine, Belgique).
Menaces de voir s'étendre l'aire de répartition de cette espèce ?
En 2010, l'écureuil à ventre rouge occupe une surface d'environ 1800 ha. Au cours des dix dernières années, l'aire de répartition de l'espèce a augmenté d'environ 12 km 2 . Après avoir franchi la dernière barrière que constitue l'autoroute A8, d'importantes superficies boisées (Biot, Valbonne, Roquefort-les- Pins…) s'offrent à la colonisation. Dès lors, sa gestion deviendra extrêmement difficile.
L'autoroute, une barrière infranchissable ?
La fréquentation importante de l'autoroute A8 et sa largeur (2 fois 3 voies) rendent peu probable son franchissement par un écureuil au cours de la journée (espèce diurne). Mais, d'autres voies de passage existent : les buses, le tunnel permettant à la Valmasque de s'écouler (secteur des
Tuilières), le tunnel routier dans le quartier des Rastines, par exemple.
En raison de la localisation d'écureuils à ventre rouge à proximité immédiate de ces passages, il est urgent d'intervenir.
2. La lutte
Quatre types de méthodes sont principalement utilisables pour contrôler l'écureuil à ventre rouge : le piégeage, le tir, l'empoisonnement et la stérilisation.
* Le piégeage
Différents types de pièges sont disponibles. Seront retenus uniquement les pièges non vulnérants permettant de libérer les espèces non cibles (écureuil roux, hérisson, oiseaux, petits rongeurs,…). Les pièges doivent être visités régulièrement, au moins quatre fois par jour (tôt le matin, en milieu de matinée, au cours de l'aprèsmidi et tard le soir) afin d'augmenter les chances de captures et surtout de limiter le temps passé par les animaux dans les pièges.
Sur le Cap d'Antibes et sur la commune de Vallauris, deux types de pièges ont été utilisés en 2009 :
- des pièges à loir (Ets BTS), pièges en grillage avec porte tombante (maille 1 X 2,3 cm ; 40 X 15 X 15 cm) ;
- des pièges à écureuil (Ets Ducatillon), pièges en grillage avec porte tombante (maille 1 X 2,5 cm ; 60 X 18 X 18 cm).
L'un et l'autre fonctionnent. Toutefois, on préfèrera utiliser les pièges à écureuils, plus volumineux et plus onéreux, mais plus performants.
Appâts : fruits (pomme) et beurre d'arachide.
* Le tir
Peu craintif, l'écureuil à ventre rouge peut être approché suffisamment prêt pour autoriser son contrôle par le tir, à balle ou à plomb. Animal bruyant, surtout aux périodes de reproduction, il est facilement localisable.
Toutefois, cette méthode ne peut être utilisée que localement, en dehors du réseau urbain.
* L'empoisonnement
Basée sur l'utilisation d'anticoagulants (chlorophacinone, bromadiolone, brodifacoum…), cette méthode est à proscrire car les molécules actives ne sont pas sélectives et affectent un grand nombre de vertébrés. Ainsi, la distribution de poison pourrait avoir comme conséquence de tuer des espèces non cibles, tels des oiseaux, des mammifères (petits rongeurs, écureuil roux…) par ingestion d'appâts empoisonnés, et également des prédateurs (rapaces, renard) et
des animaux domestiques (chat, chien) par intoxication secondaire suite à la consommation de proies empoisonnées.
* La contraception et la stérilisation
Deux autres méthodes, la contraception et la stérilisation, visent à empêcher les animaux de se reproduire, et contribuent ainsi au contrôle de la population par l'absence de recrutement.
La contraception peut être en effet un moyen efficace de contrôle. Toutefois, les recherches initiées depuis quelques années en GrandeBretagne (contrôle de l'écureuil gris, Sciurus carolinensis), ne sont pas pour l'instant concluantes, les molécules utilisées n'étant pas spécifiques à l'espèce cible (impact possible sur les autres mammifères), et nécessité de renouveler régulièrement la distribution d'appâts contraceptifs.
La stérilisation des individus peut être aussi appliquée. Toutefois, c'est une méthode lourde et couteuse, nécessitant la capture des animaux, puis une intervention chirurgicale. De plus, pour l'écureuil à ventre rouge, espèce qui ne défend pas de territoire, cette méthode de contrôle est inefficace. En effet, les animaux ne s'excluant pas, il faudrait stériliser régulièrement une très grande proportion des femelles, pour obtenir un certain résultat.
En conclusion, deux méthodes seront préconisées, le piégeage et le tir. Selon les situations, l'une ou l'autre de ces techniques sera utilisée :
* le piégeage dans les zones résidentielles (appliquée sur le Parc de la Villa Thuret - 3,5 ha - en février 2010, la méthode s'est avérée être efficace : 37 individus piégés en 5 jours avec 10 pièges à l'hectare) ;
* le tir dans les secteurs éloignés des habitations, la méthode la plus efficace étant le tir, surtout dans les secteurs à faible densité en écureuils.
Les animaux capturés dans les pièges seront euthanasiés par choc crânien, méthode efficace et recommandée sur le plan éthique (http://ethique.ipbs.fr/sdv/euthanasie.html ; Central Science Laboratory, 2009), tout comme le tir, s'ils sont effectués par des professionnels.
Ces opérations seront réalisées par des piégeurs agréés, des lieutenants de Louveterie sous contrôle de l'Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage, et sur la base d'un arrêté préfectoral de destruction.
Dans l'idéal, l'éradication de l'espèce serait souhaitable. Toutefois, cet objectif ne peut être atteint dans l'immédiat, en raison :
- de l'importante surface occupée par l'espèce ;
- du réseau d'habitations limitant les interventions, notamment dans les propriétés privées ;
- de la perception actuelle de cet animal par le public.
Dans cette situation, et devant l'urgence de l'intervention, il semble préférable de débuter ce programme de contrôle le plus rapidement possible sur les secteurs " à risque ", puis d'étendre progressivement les secteurs d'intervention, tout en réalisant parallèlement une information auprès du public afin d'avoir le consentement du plus grand nombre.
Les actions de contrôle seront assurées par des professionnels, chasseurs et piégeurs, sous le contrôle de l'ONCFS. Le cadre juridique d'intervention devant encore faire l'objet de discussions, les modalités proposées ici sont donc susceptibles d'évoluer.
3. Informer et sensibiliser
Le plan envisagé concerne notamment les services concernés de l'Etat, les collectivités territoriales (aux niveaux communal, départemental et régional), les associations… Cette opération de lutte nécessite également l'assentiment du public. Ceci semble être le cas à la périphérie des principales zones résidentielles, mais pas forcément dans certains secteurs de la ville d'Antibes – Juan-les-Pins, en particulier sur le Parc de la Pinède, où les écureuils sont nourris quotidiennement.
Dès que le plan de lutte sera arrêté, une campagne d'information et de sensibilisation du public sera lancée, sous différentes formes (presse, télévision régionale, radio, panneaux d'information, conférences-débats, site Internet,…). Elle concernera en priorité les communes d'Antibes – Juan-les-Pins, de Vallauris, mais également les communes périphériques à la répartition actuelle de l'espèce. En effet, le public pourrait jouer un rôle important dans le suivi de cette espèce en signalant par exemple les localités où ils ont aperçu des individus, les dégâts occasionnés...
Toutefois, préalablement à cela, il faut présenter l'écureuil à ventre rouge (morphologie, pelage, comportement,…) aux observateurs potentiels afin qu'il n'y ait pas de confusion avec l'écureuil roux, comme c'est souvent le cas actuellement. Ces opérations de sensibilisation seront animées par le Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, le Muséum de Nice et le Ministère en charge de l'écologie (MEDDTL).
4. Connaître pour mieux gérer
L'un des besoins de ce plan de lutte est d'acquérir des connaissances sur la biologie et l'écologie de l'espèce encore mal connues, tant sur son aire d'origine que sur les territoires où elle a été introduite. Dans ce but, les individus prélevés par tir ou par piégeage seront systématiquement collectés, référencés et congelés. Au laboratoire, leur examen et leur autopsie permettront de disposer de données sur la reproduction, le régime alimentaire et le parasitisme de cette espèce dans ses différents types d'habitats. Les données acquises sur la reproduction permettront notamment d'intervenir avec plus d'efficacité au cours des années suivantes, par le choix de périodes plus appropriées que d'autres au contrôle des individus.
5. Surveiller et évaluer
Des protocoles de surveillance des zones périphériques (basés sur l'observation directe des individus) seront mis en place afin de suivre l'évolution de l'aire de répartition de l'espèce (expansion, régression). De même des suivis (par dénombrement sur itinéraire-échantillon) seront réalisés sur les sites où l'espèce est contrôlée afin d'estimer l'efficacité des moyens mis en œuvre pour contrôler ce rongeur. Seront également évalués l'efficacité des actions de communication, notamment à travers l'évolution des perceptions de l'espèce.
6. Des objectifs spécifiques à atteindre
Pour atteindre l'objectif général du plan, il est impératif d'agir conjointement dans les domaines de la lutte, de la surveillance, de la recherche, et de la communication.
Ces actions sont décrites sous forme de fiches synthétiques présentées au chapitre suivant. Elles concerneront le contrôle de l'EVR, la communication à effectuer auprès du public pour expliquer ce plan, les recherches nécessaires à l'acquisition de données sur la biologie et l'écologie de l'EVR afin de réorienter le plan et le rendre plus efficace, les actions de surveillance en périphérie de l'aire de répartition de l'espèce et l'évaluation des différents protocoles mis en œuvre dans ce plan.
II. Modalités organisationnelles
1. Rôle des différentes instances
* La Direction de l'Eau et de la Biodiversité (DEB)
La DEB est à l'initiative de ce plan et coordonne les politiques de lutte contre les espèces exotiques envahissantes. Elle approuve le plan et assure le relais auprès du Conseil National de Protection de la Nature (CNPN) et auprès des préfectures concernées. Enfin, la DEB assure le suivi du plan par l'intermédiaire de la DREAL coordinatrice.
* La Direction Régionale de l'Environnement, de l'Aménagement et du Logement en PACA
La DREAL PACA coordonne l'animation technique du plan de lutte. Elle définit les missions de l'opérateur technique du plan en cohérence avec la stratégie de lutte et en lien avec le comité de suivi retreint (voir ci-dessous). Elle anime avec les partenaires du plan le suivi de la mise en œuvre des actions. Elle valide le programme annuel avec les partenaires financiers de ces actions.
* Un opérateur scientifique MNHN/MHN Nice
L'opérateur scientifique conseille et éclaire l'opérateur technique sur les modes de lutte, les protocoles de suivis à mettre en œuvre, et coordonne ou pilote les actions de recherches (toutes actions permettant d'améliorer de la connaissance de l'espèce). Ces travaux/recherches permettront d'orienter les actions du plan de lutte. L'opérateur scientifique est membre du comité de suivi restreint et du comité de suivi élargi (voir ci-dessous).
* Un opérateur technique
Un opérateur technique devra être choisi pour coordonner la mise en œuvre du plan de lutte. Il aura pour missions :
- d'animer la mise en œuvre du plan de lutte : communication, action de lutte, surveillance,
- de rechercher des financements pour atteindre les objectifs fixés par le plan de lutte,
- de programmer et préparer le programme annuel d'action qui sera soumis au comité de suivi élargi,
Comité de suivi restreint :
* Jean-Louis Chapuis, Jessica Thévenot (MNHN)
* Olivier Gerriet (MNH de Nice)
* Guillaume Rousset (ONCFS /DR ONCFS)
* Laurent Tillon (ONF/ DR ONF)
* Alain Monavon (DDTM 06)
* Hélène Menigaux (MEDDTL)
* Sophie Berlin, Samuel Pauvert (DREAL PACA)
- d'assurer le secrétariat et le suivi du plan (synthèse, bilan,…).
* Le comité de suivi
Le comité de suivi a pour mission de contribuer à la mise au point du plan de lutte, le comité restreint préparant les documents examinés par le comité élargi.
Ses décisions donneront lieu au plan de lutte qui sera soumis pour approbation au Comité National de la Protection de la Nature (CNPN) et proposé à la consultation interministérielle. La composition des deux comités est définie ci-dessous.
Comité de suivi élargi :
* Préfecture des Alpes-Maritimes et sous-préfecture de Grasse
* Conseil général des Alpes-Maritimes
* Conseil régional PACA
* Communauté d'agglo de Sophia Antipolis, Antibes – Juan-les-Pins, Vallauris, Le Cannet, communes voisines
* Gilles Cheylan (CSRPN)
* Catherine Ducatillon (INRA)
* François Moutou (ANSES, SFEPM)
* Michel Pascal (INRA)
* Collectivités locales concernées, y compris les communes limitrophes (Biot, Le Cannet, Mougins, Villeneuve-Loubet)
* CEEP, LPO, URVN, Conservatoire du littoral
* CRPF
* ESCOTA
* Associations des gardes-chasse particuliers, des piégeurs, des lieutenants de louveterie
* Fédération départementale des Chasseurs (06)
Expert étranger : J. Stuyck, Instituut voor Natuur-en Bosonderzoek, Klinieskstraat 25, 1070 Brussel (B)
2. Coût du plan national de lutte (estimatif)
Le coût du programme sera pris en charge pour 50% par le MEDDTL, à hauteur de 50 000 €.
En 2011, le coût annuel du plan serait d'environ 100 000 €, répartis de la façon suivante :
- Contrôle de l'EVR sur le terrain : 10 000 €
- CDD Plan de lutte (salaire, déplacement) : 40 000 €
- Recherche (MNHN, Paris ; MHN Nice : CDD, déplacements, frais d'analyse) : 50 000 €
Au cours des années suivantes, le budget nécessaire au bon déroulement du plan sera sensiblement moindre, proche 90 000 € en 2012, puis 60 000 € en 2013 et 2014.
Participation souhaitée des collectivités territoriales :
- contribution financière : 50 000 €/an
- aide à l'organisation du programme (mise à disposition d'un local pour centraliser les prélèvements, aide au bon déroulement des opérations) ;
- participation aux opérations de surveillance (parcs départementaux) ;
- aide à la communication.
3. Calendrier prévisionnel
- 1 er octobre 2010 : réunion du comité de suivi du plan (comité élargi) ;
- Fin 2010-début 2011 : définition du rôle des partenaires (participation financière, implication, …) ;
- Mai 2011 : examen du plan par le Comité National de la Protection de la Nature ;
- 2011 : phase opérationnelle avec :
* mise en place de l'équipe d'opérateurs sur le terrain, intervention sur les zones prioritaires de contrôle ;
* suivi des zones périphériques à l'aire de répartition connue de l'espèce ;
* récolte et analyse des animaux prélevés ;
* prospection des zones périphériques ;
* sensibilisation du public.
- Années 2012-2014. Poursuite des opérations :
* élargissement progressif du rayon d'action ;
* analyse des animaux prélevés ;
* prospection des zones périphériques ;
* estimation des premiers bénéfices de l'opération (suivi de l'écureuil roux, évolution des dommages causés par l'écureuil à ventre rouge…).
4. Évaluation du programme de lutte
Le Comité de suivi sera informé annuellement de l'état d'avancement du plan de lutte.
Différents indicateurs permettront d'évaluer les résultats des actions entreprises, en particulier :
- la dynamique d'occupation des sites contrôlés (effectif en écureuils à ventre rouge ; évolution de l'âge-ratio des individus prélevés sur les sites) ;
- l'effectif de la population d'écureuils roux ;
- l'évolution des dégâts occasionnés par les écureuils à ventre rouge ;
- la perception du plan de lutte par les citoyens.
Les acquis des deux ou trois premières années du plan permettront de définir avec plus de précision la stratégie qui devra être retenue sur le long terme pour atteindre les objectifs fixés : contrôle, voire éradication de l'espèce.
Troisième partie : Actions à mettre en œuvre, Fiches actions
Actions à mettre en œuvre, fiches actions
Le plan de lutte, de grande ampleur en raison de l'aire occupée par l'espèce, de la nature des habitats occupés (jardins, parcs inclus dans des propriétés privées, groupements forestiers souvent difficiles à prospecter), nécessite une approche par paliers qui se succèderont dans le temps, en se complexifiant.
Après avoir défini le mode opératoire et les groupes d'intervention sur le terrain, la première étape du plan visera à contrôler les écureuils présents sur les principaux secteurs à risques, c'est-à-dire ceux situés au sud de l'autoroute A8 sur les communes d'Antibes et de Vallauris (Fig. 2).
En milieu urbain, des piégeages seront organisés sur des secteurs où les densités en écureuils à ventre rouge sont importantes, ceci avec le soutien des propriétaires. Ces secteurs de piégeage intensifs joueront le rôle de « puits ». Par la suite, dans un objectif d'éradication de l'espèce, une intervention dans les différentes propriétés sera nécessaire.
suivantes, ce plan étant défini dans un premier temps sur une durée de 5 ans (2010-2014).
Parallèlement aux opérations de contrôle, les zones périphériques à l'aire de répartition connue de l'espèce seront prospectées (Fig. 3) afin d'une part de confirmer l'absence de l'espèce et, d'autre part, en cas de présence, d'être réactif et de mettre en place rapidement de nouvelles opérations de contrôle.
Tout au long de la réalisation du plan, les différentes opérations seront évaluées, de même que les bénéfices des actions entreprises : suivi des populations d'écureuils à ventre rouge et d'écureuils roux, suivi de l'évolution des dommages (si possibilité, accès aux interventions de France télécom suite au rongement des câbles téléphoniques), évolution de la perception du plan par le public, afin d'estimer les apports de ce plan expérimental. Ce point est à souligner car rares sont les opérations programmées sur le long terme incluant leur évaluation.
Les enseignements tirés des deux premières années du plan permettront de mieux orienter les opérations à réaliser au cours des années
La déclinaison des actions à mettre en œuvre est présentée sous forme de fiches synthétiques et opérationnelles ci-après.
Contrôle de l'EVR sur les secteurs prioritaires
Objectifs :
Contrôle de l'écureuil à ventre rouge en zones prioritaires.
Description de
l'action
Limitation des effectifs sur les secteurs situés en périphérie de l'aire de répartition de l'écureuil à ventre rouge (2010), au sud de l'autoroute A8 (Fig. 3) : nord de la commune d'Antibes – Juan-les-Pins, les secteurs ouest et nord de la commune de Vallauris et localement sur la commune du Cannet .
Les méthodes retenues, le tir et le piégeage, seront appliquées sur l'ensemble des sites, en privilégiant dans la mesure du possible le tir, plus efficace que le piégeage. Cette dernière méthode sera appliquée dans les secteurs urbanisés.
Priorité d'action
Les actions seront réalisées en priorité sur les secteurs bordant le sud de l'autoroute A8 (site 1 à 10), et en particulier sur les sites à proximité immédiate de l'autoroute (sites 1 à 5) et du passage sous l'autoroute de la Valmasque (site 4).
Zones
d'application
* Commune de Vallauris
- le Bois des Encourdoules (6)
- Les Moulins
- Les Semboures
- les Tuilières
Etapes de
réalisation
Printemps 2011 : délimitation des zones d'intervention par tir et piégeage ; contrôle de la population d'EVR 2011-2014 : poursuite des opérations de contrôle sur les secteurs prioritaires.
Difficultés
pressenties
Accès difficile des propriétés privées présentes sur les sites concernés.
Pénétration difficile des bois non entretenues.
Risque que les efforts de contrôle se focalisent sur les zones à forte densité en EVR, alors que les sites à privilégier seront les secteurs où les risques d'extension de l'espèce sont les plus importants, et où les densités sont encore faibles.
Réaction du public dans les secteurs urbanisés.
Indicateur de suivi
Efficacité du contrôle définie par le rapport Nombre d'ind. prélevés/ Effort de contrôle. Evolution de l'effectif en EVR sur un site test : les Encourdoules. Cartographie (SIG) des prélèvements, selon les années.
Résultats
attendus
Prélèvements de plusieurs centaines d'individus, voire d'un millier ou plus, en 2011 et 2012. Au cours des années suivantes, maintien d'un effectif à faible densité, voire éradication.
Référents pressentis Partenaires pressentis Moyens nécessaires
Equipe « recherche » (MNHN, MHNNice) et « opérationnelle » (ONCFS)
Opérateurs : gardes-chasse particuliers, lieutenants de louveterie et piégeurs agréés, sous le contrôle de l'ONCFS et après formation ; collectivités territoriales (cadastres).
Humains 15 à 20 personnes. Selon les méthodes employées : de 20 à 50 j/an/pers.
Matériels Pièges, fusil de chasse.
Coût estimé 10 000 €/an (achat de pièges et frais des opérateurs).
* Commune d'Antibes – Juan-les-Pins
- Les Semboules
- Les Terriers
- Bois entre Les Semboures et Les Terriers
1
Contrôle de l'EVR sur le Cap d'Antibes
2
Objectifs :
Limiter l'effectif de la population d'EVR et son expansion dans les secteurs urbanisés du Cap d'Antibes.
Description de l'action
Les méthodes de contrôle retenues seront principalement le piégeage, voire localement sur les grandes propriétés, le tir.
Opérateurs : gardes-chasse particuliers, piégeurs et lieutenants de louveterie, sous le contrôle de l'ONCFS.
Priorité d'action
Zones secondaires d'intervention.
Amplification du contrôle au cours des années, suite à une meilleure acceptation par le public de l'opération.
Zones d'application
Zones urbanisées du Cap d'Antibes, avec élargissement à d'autres zones urbanisées des communes d'Antibes – Juan-les-Pins et de Vallauris.
Etapes de réalisation
2011 : délimitation des zones d'intervention, contrôle de la population d'EVR.
2012-2014 : poursuite des opérations de contrôle sur ces secteurs.
Difficultés pressenties
Difficultés d'accès de certaines propriétés privées.
Réaction négative d'une partie du public interdisant l'accès à leur propriété.
Indicateur de suivi
Evolution des nombres de captures selon les mois et les années, à effort de piégeage constant.
Evolution de l'effectif de la population sur des secteurs tests, notamment sur le Bois de la Garoupe
(Cap d'Antibes).
Résultats attendus
Prélèvement d'un grand nombre d'individus la première année, puis diminution progressive des captures avec le temps.
Référents pressentis
Equipe « recherche » (MNHN, MNHNice), opérateur technique (ONCFS)
Partenaires pressentis
Moyens nécessaires
Humains Variable selon les années : important en 2011 et 2012
Matériels Pièges (éventuellement fusil de chasse)
Coût estimé 5 000 €/an
ONCFS, piégeurs agréés, gardes-chasse particuliers, lieutenants de louveterie, équipes techniques des collectivités, Conservatoire du littoral….
Formation et habilitation des opérateurs
Objectifs :
Former un réseau de personnes compétentes dans la lutte contre cette espèce.
Description de l'action
Les méthodes retenues, le tir et le piégeage, seront appliquées sur l'ensemble des sites, en privilégiant dans la mesure du possible le tir, plus efficace que le piégeage. Cette dernière méthode sera appliquée dans les secteurs urbanisés.
Les opérations de contrôle seront effectuées par un nombre déterminé de personnes qualifiées et ayant reçu une formation spécifique vis-à-vis du contrôle de l'écureuil à ventre rouge. Cette formation sera assurée par le Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, le Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle de Nice et l'Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage.
Opérateurs : gardes-chasse particuliers, lieutenants de louveterie et piégeurs agréés, recrutés par le plan et disposant d'une autorisation individuelle accordée par la DDTM.
Priorité d'action
Opération prioritaire.
Zones
d'application
Ensemble des secteurs occupés par l'écureuil à ventre rouge.
Etapes de réalisation
Printemps 2011 : Etablissement de l'arrêté préfectoral fixant les modalités du contrôle de l'EVR ; recrutement et formation des opérateurs, seuls autorisés à intervenir.
2011- 2014 : application des protocoles de contrôle.
Difficultés pressenties
Difficultés de piéger les EVR dans les secteurs à faible densité.
Difficultés d'accès de certaines propriétés privées, et de secteurs de bois non débroussaillés
Indicateur de suivi
Nombre d'EVR prélevés par an, à effort de contrôle constant.
Résultats attendus
Prélèvement d'un nombre important d'EVR les deux premières années.
Meilleurs résultats par le tir que par le piégeage (à temps constant).
Référents pressentis
Equipe « recherche » (MNHN, MNHNice), ONCFS
Partenaires pressentis
Moyens nécessaires
Humains 15 à 20 piégeurs, gardes-chasse particuliers et lieutenants de louveterie Matériels Pièges, fusils
Coût estimé 15 000 €/an (récapitulatif des Actions 1.1 et 1.2)
ONCFS, Collectivités territoriales
3
Surveillance en zones périphériques
Objectifs :
Diagnostiquer l'extension éventuelle de l'espèce
Description de l'action
Surveillance des territoires limitrophes à l'aire de répartition connue (2010) de l'EVR : parcours régulier des sites et présence-absence de l'EVR ; à proximité de voies d'accès à la colonisation, installation et suivi de « tubes capteurs de poils » ; recherche des cadavres sur les bas côté de l'autoroute A8 afin d'identifier des lieux préférentiels de passage.
Observations effectuées par le permanent du plan de lutte, les gardes des parcs départementaux, le personnel du réseau ESCOTA, et tout observateur bénévole (membres d'associations, public,…).
Priorité d'action
Action prioritaire. Primordial d'anticiper l'utilisation potentielle de voies de colonisation par l'EVR et d'intervenir le plus tôt possible après l'observation de l'espèce dans un nouveau site.
Zones d'application
Communes de Vallauris, Antibes, Le Cannet, Mougins, Biot, Villeneuve-Loubet.
Bordure nord de l'autoroute A8 (Parcs départementaux de la Valmasque et de la Brague), ouest de la commune de Vallauris et nord-est de celle d'Antibes (sites n° 11 à 24, cf. Fig. 3).
Etapes de réalisation
Début 2011 : formation des agents des Parcs départementaux et des agents des collectivités territoriales participant à la surveillance. Identification des sites où l'EVR serait susceptible de s'installer. Installation et suivi de tubes capteurs de poils. Formation du personnel du réseau autoroutes ESCOTA à la reconnaissance de l'EVR.
2012-2014 : poursuite des actions de surveillance.
Difficultés pressenties
Difficulté de localiser des individus colonisateurs qui, en raison de leur faible nombre, peuvent passer inaperçus.
Indicateur de suivi
Présence/absence de l'écureuil à ventre rouge en périphérie de l'aire connue de répartition actuelle de l'espèce. Fréquentation des tubes capteurs de poils. Nombre d'EVR trouvés mort sur l'autoroute A8.
Résultats attendus
Extension possible de l'espèce au nord par franchissement de la barrière constituée par l'autoroute A8, ou sur la périphérie de l'aire de répartition actuelle suite à la translocation volontaire ou accidentelle d'individus. En réaction, par des actions rapides d'intervention, limitation de l'extension de l'EVR
Référents pressentis
Equipe « recherche » (MNHN, MNHNice)
Partenaires pressentis
Moyens nécessaires
Humains 2 mois/an par le permanent du plan
Matériels Pas de besoins spécifiques
Coût estimé 10 000 €/an de 2011 à 2014 (permanent du programme)
Conseil général des Alpes-Maritimes, autres collectivités territoriales, associations de protection de la nature, réseau autoroute ESCOTA, public, Conservatoire du littoral …
1
Surveillance : interventions d'urgence
Objectifs :
Limiter l'extension de l'écureuil à ventre rouge
Description de l'action
Processus d'intervention d'urgence. En cas d'observation d'EVR sur de nouveaux sites, en dehors de l'aire de répartition connue de l'espèce (2010), une opération de contrôle sera organisée le plus rapidement possible par les professionnels associés au plan (ONCFS, gardes-chasse, lieutenants de louveterie) afin d'éliminer ces individus colonisateurs.
Priorité d'action
Action prioritaire. Primordial d'intervenir le plus tôt possible après l'observation de l'espèce dans un nouveau site.
Zones
d'application
Communes de Vallauris, d'Antibes, du Cannet, de Mougins, de Biot, de Villeneuve-Loubet.
Nord de l'autoroute A8 (Parcs départementaux de la Valmasque et de la Brague), ouest de la commune de Vallauris et nord-est de celle d'Antibes (sites n° 11 à 24, cf. Fig. 3).
Etapes de réalisation
Début 2011 : formation des opérateurs amenés à contrôler les EVR, et intervention sur site si nécessaire 2012-2014 : poursuite des interventions.
Difficultés pressenties
Difficulté de contrôler les EVR présents en faible densité.
Indicateur de suivi
Nombre d'EVR éliminés sur les secteurs considérés, en fonction de l'effort de contrôle.
Résultats attendus
Confiner les EVR sur les sites actuellement occupés par l'espèce.
Référents pressentis
Equipe « recherche » (MNHN, MNHNice)
Partenaires pressentis
Moyens nécessaires
Humains
2 mois/an par le permanent du plan ; nombre d'heures non chiffrable pour les opérateurs affectés au contrôle de l'EVR
Matériels Pièges, munitions, fusils
Coût estimé 10 000 €/an (permanent du programme), 10 000 €/an pour les opérateurs (2011-2014)
Gardes-chasse particuliers, lieutenants de louveterie, sous le contrôle de l'ONCFS
2
Recherche : Répartition des Sciuridés
1
Objectifs :
Etudier et affiner la réparation spatiale de l'écureuil à ventre rouge et de l'écureuil roux dans le secteur, avec la participation des associations locales de protection de la nature (CEEP, LPO…), du grand public (lien avec l'action communication).
Description de l'action
Répartition de l'EVR et de l'ER (à une échelle fine) : observations des opérateurs sur le terrain et du public, par l'intermédiaire d'un site Internet.
Priorité d'action
Action permettant de préciser les méthodes de lutte, les zones d'intervention, et d'estimer les premiers résultats du contrôle.
Zones
d'application
Ensemble de l'aire de répartition connue de l'EVR (communes d'Antibes - Juan-les-Pins, de Vallauris, du Cannet) et sa périphérie (communes de Mougins et de Biot notamment).
Etapes de réalisation
2010-2011 :
* définition des protocoles ;
* réalisation du site Internet (cf. enquête de répartition de l'EVR et de l'ER).
* identification des équipes, personnes ressources ;
2012-2014 :
* Poursuite des travaux avec adaptation des protocoles en fonction des résultats acquis en 2011.
Difficultés pressenties
A préciser en fonction du déroulement des opérations en 2011.
Indicateur de
suivi
Nombre de localisations d'individus des deux espèces suivies, par secteur.
Participation du public et des associations à l'enquête de répartition.
Résultats attendus
Diminution au cours du temps de l'aire de répartition de l'EVR et augmentation de celle de l'ER.
Référents pressentis
Equipe « recherche » (MNHN, MNHNice)
Partenaires pressentis Moyens nécessaires
Partenaires du plan : les gardes des parcs départementaux, les gardes de chasse particuliers et lieutenants de louveterie (cordonnés par l'ONCFS), le public, les associations de protection de la nature, le permanent du programme.
Humains Ensemble des opérateurs, et le public
Matériels Ordinateur (traitement des données)
Coût estimé Voir Action 3.2
Recherche : Mieux connaître la biologie et l'écologie de l'EVR
Objectifs :
Améliorer la connaissance de la biologie et l'écologie de l'écureuil à ventre rouge
Description de l'action
Examen au laboratoire des EVR prélevés par piégeage et tir :
* Reproduction (chez les femelles : présence-absence d'embryons, de cicatrices placentaires, lactation ; chez les mâles : position scrotale ou abdominale des testicules) ;
* Cortège en parasites (ecto et endoparasites) par type d'habitats.
* Régime alimentaire (analyse des contenus stomacaux et des crottes) par type d'habitats ;
Priorité d'action
Action permettant de préciser les méthodes de lutte pour les années à venir et d'estimer les premiers résultats du contrôle.
Zones
d'application
Ensemble de l'aire de répartition de l'EVR (communes d'Antibes - Juan-les-Pins, de Vallauris, du Cannet).
Etapes de réalisation
2010-2011 :
* Achat de matériels de stockage des individus prélevés ;
* Analyse des EVR prélevés (par zone).
* Identification des lieux de stockage temporaire ;
2012-2014 :
Poursuite des travaux avec adaptation des protocoles en fonction des résultats acquis en 2011.
Difficultés
pressenties
A préciser en fonction du déroulement des opérations en 2011.
Indicateur de
suivi
Nombre d'individus prélevés et examinés au laboratoire.
Résultats
attendus
Acquisition de données sur la biologie (reproduction : nombre de portées par an ; nombre de jeunes par portée ; parasitisme…) et l'écologie de l'EVR (utilisation des habitats et des ressources alimentaires).
Référents pressentis
Equipe « recherche » (MNHN, MNH de Nice)
Partenaires pressentis
Moyens nécessaires
Humains 1 pers. 12 mois/an (ETP, opérations de contrôle et permanent non inclus)
Matériels Petit matériel de laboratoire, congélateurs
Coût estimé 50 000 €/an (années 2010 à 2012), 20 000 € par la suite
Partenaires du plan, en particulier les gardes de chasse particuliers et les lieutenants de louveterie, cordonnés par l'ONCFS ; le permanent du programme.
2
N°
3.3
Recherche :
Dénombrement sur itinéraire-échantillon des EVR et des ER
3
Objectifs :
Estimation des densités en écureuils à ventre rouge, en écureuils roux et évolution de l'effectif des populations sur des sites tests.
Description de l'action
Estimation des densités en écureuils (EVR et/ou ER) sur deux secteurs urbains et sur quatre secteurs boisés.
Priorité d'action
Action permettant d'évaluer les résultats des actions de contrôle.
Zones
d'application
Sites urbains avec EVR et sans ER (n=2) : ville d'Antibes ; Cap d'Antibes.
Site forestier avec EVR et ER (n=1) : Vallauris (bois des Encourdoules) ;
Site forestier avec EVR et sans ER (n=1) : Cap d'Antibes (la Garoupe) ;
Sites forestiers avec ER et sans EVR (n=2) : communes de Biot et de Mougins (Parc de la Valmasque).
Etapes de réalisation
2010 : Mise en place des protocoles et estimation des densités en écureuils dans ces six sites avant intervention
2011 – 2014 : Suivi des populations des deux espèces.
Difficultés
pressenties
A préciser en fonction du déroulement des opérations en 2011.
Indicateur de suivi
Evolution des densités des deux espèces d'écureuils.
Résultats attendus
Diminution des densités en EVR dans les secteurs contrôlés, voire augmentation de l'effectif en ER.
Référents pressentis
Equipe « recherche » (MNHN, MNH de Nice)
Partenaires pressentis
Moyens nécessaires
Humains 1 pers. 2 mois/an
Matériels Jumelles, télémètre
Coût estimé Voir Action 3.2
Permanent du programme.
Recherche : Modélisation de l'expansion de la population d'EVR
Objectifs :
Expansion de la population d'EVR selon les types d'actions entreprises.
Description de l'action
Selon les actions entreprises, allant de la non-intervention à une diminution significative des densités en périphérie de l'aire de répartition de l'EVR, des scénarios d'expansion de la population seront proposés. Ils seront basés sur les connaissances actuelles de la répartition de l'espèce, de la distribution de ses habitats, de la biologie et de l'écologie de l'EVR (reproduction, survie, domaine vitaux, dispersion…).
Priorité d'action
Construction de cartes de densités attendues et distribution à l'équilibre.
Définition des paramètres du modèle et construction du modèle spatial.
Zones
d'application
Communes périphériques à l'aire de répartition actuelle de l'EVR : communes de Biot, Mougins, Le Cannet, Valbonne, Villeneuve-Loubet, voire au-delà.
Etapes de réalisation
2011 : propositions de modèles d'expansion de l'EVR ; test des modèles.
2012 : amélioration des modèles en fonction des acquis (2011) sur le biologie et l'écologie de l'EVR.
Difficultés pressenties
Estimation des paramètres démographiques, en fonction des habitats rencontrés.
Estimation de la perméabilité de l'autoroute et des risques de colonisation en fonction des densités en EVR.
Indicateur de suivi
Présence-absence d'EVR en dehors de son aire de répartition actuelle.
Résultats attendus
En absence d'actions de contrôle :
- cartographie de la dispersion potentielle de l'espèce ;
- extension lente dans un premier temps, puis plus rapide dans un second temps.
En présence d'actions de contrôle :
- maintien de l'espèce sur son aire de répartition actuelle
Référents pressentis
Equipe « recherche » (MNHN)
Partenaires pressentis
Moyens nécessaires
Humains 1 pers. 4 mois en 2011, 2 mois en 2012
Matériels Ordinateur, logiciels
Coût estimé Intégré dans l'Action 3.2
Agents des parcs départementaux (présence-absence d'EVR ).
4
Communication sur le plan national de lutte
Objectifs :
Faire connaître l'espèce, les problèmes qu'elle engendre et le plan de lutte.
Description de l'action
Diffusion les informations sur les conséquences écologiques (biodiversité), économiques et en santé humaine des introductions d'espèces, qu'elles soient volontaires ou accidentelles, et sur les méthodes employées pour contrôler, voire éradiquer ces espèces.
Cas en particulier de l'EVR dans les Alpes-Maritimes.
Présentation du plan de lutte et des actions.
Priorité d'action
La réussite du plan sera fonction de sa perception par le public. Le consentement du plus grand nombre est nécessaire à l'application du plan sur l'ensemble de l'aire de répartition de l'EVR afin de tendre à moyen terme à son éradication.
Zones
d'application
Ensemble des communes concernées par le plan : les communes d'Antibes - Juan-les-Pins, Vallauris, Le Cannet ou l'espèce est présente, ainsi que les communes de Mougins, Biot, Villeneuve-Loubet, périphériques à l'aire de répartition connue de l'EVR.
Etapes de réalisation
Sensibilisation des élus, des collectivités territoriales, des associations de protection de la nature, des associations d'éducation à l'environnement, par la mise à disposition d'un document synthétique prévu à cet effet et/ou des ateliers techniques.
Sensibilisation du public, par la création d'un site Internet présentant l'espèce et les conséquences actuelles et potentielles de sa présence, par des conférences-débat et diverses autres actions de communication (émissions radio-télévisées, articles de presse, panneaux explicatifs,…) afin de souligner les enjeux du plan de lutte.
Difficultés pressenties
Réticence de certains citadins à l'application du plan, en particulier dans les secteurs résidentiels et dans les propriétés privées, voire de certaines associations de protection animale.
Indicateur de suivi
Participation du public à l'enquête de répartition, en ligne sur le site Internet ; participation aux conférencesdébât…
Résultats attendus
Adhésion du plus grand nombre au plan de lutte, permettant une intervention progressive sur l'ensemble du territoire concerné.
Référents pressentis
Partenaires pressentis
Moyens nécessaires
MNHN, MNHNice, MEDDTL (DREAL PACA)
Collectivités territoriales, associations de protection de la nature, associations d'éducation à l'environnement, relayant les informations.
Création d'un site Internet, de panneaux d'information, organisation de conférences.
Humains 4 mois en 2011, 5 à 10 j/an au cours des années suivantes
Matériels Matériels de bureau (création du site Internet, de panneaux d'information)
Coût estimé 12 000 € en 2010-2011, puis 2 000 € /an au cours des années suivantes
1
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Corbet G.B. & Hill J.E. 1992. The mammals of the Indomalayan region: a systematic review. Natural history museum publications, Oxford University Press.
DAISIE 2009. Handbook of alien species in Europe. Springer
Dijkstra V, Overman W, Verbeylen G, 2009. Inventarisatie Pallas' eekhoorn bij Weert. Arnhem, Netherlands: Zoogdiervereniging, 39 pp.
Dozières A., Pisanu B., Lapeyre C., Gerriet O., Stuyck J. & Chapuis J-L. 2010. Macroparasites of Pallas's squirrels, Callosciurus erythraeus, introduced into Europe. Vet. Parasitol. 172: 172-176.
Duckworth J.W., Timmins R.J. & Molur S. 2008. Callosciurus erythraeus. In: IUCN 2009. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version
2009.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 02 December 2009
Dunn F.L., Lim B.L. & Yap L.F. 1968. Endoparasite patterns in mammals of the Malayan rain forest. Ecology, 49: 1179–1184.
Durden L.A. & Musser G.G. 1994a. The sucking lice (Insecta, Anoplura) of the world: a taxonomic checklist with records of mammalian hosts and geographical distribution. B. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 218: 1–90.
Durden L.A. & Musser G.G. 1994b. The mammalian hosts of the sucking lice (Anoplura) of the world: a host-parasite List. Bull. Soc. Vector Ecol., 19: 130-168.
Fasola L., Bello M. & Guichón M.L. 2005. Uso de trampas de pelo y caracterizacion de los pelos de la ardilla de vientre rojo, Callosciurus erythraeus. Mastozoología Neotropical, 12: 917.
Guichón M.L., Bello M. & Fasola L., 2005. Expansión poblacional de una especie introducida en la Argentina: la ardilla de vientre rojo Callosciurus erythraeus. Mastozoologia Neotropical 12: 189-197.
Guichón M.L. & Doncaster C.P. 2008. Invasion dynamics of an introduced squirrel in Argentina. Ecography, 31: 211-220.
Gurnel J. & Wauters L. 1999. Callosciurus erythraeus. Pp. 182-183, In A. J. MitchellJones, (et al.) (eds), The Atlas of European mammals, Academic Press, London, UK.
Jouanin C. 1986. Une espèce inattendue pour la faune française : un écureuil asiatique acclimaté sur le Cap d'Antibes. Rev. Ecol. (Terre Vie), 41 : 107-109.
Jouanin C. 1992. L'écureuil à ventre rouge d'Antibes. Pp : 277-284, in J.-L. Sénotier (éd), Introductions et réintroductions de mammifères sauvages, XIVème colloque de la S.F.E.P.M., Orléans, 20-21 oct. 1990, Nature-Centre, Orléans.
Kamenova S. 2009. Densité et domaine vital d'un Sciuridé asiatique, l'écureuil à ventre rouge (Callosciurus erythraeus), dans le Bois des Encourdoules (Vallauris, Alpes-Maritimes). Rapport Master 1 EFCE, Univ. Rennes 1, 22 p.
Kaneko K. 1954. Description of a new species of Enderleinellus collected from the South Formosan squirrel naturalized into Japan. Bull. Tokyo Med. Dent. Univ., 1: 49-52.
Lin Y.S & Yo S.P. 1981. Population dynamics of the red-bellied tree squirrel (Callosciurus erythraeus). Bull. Inst. Zool. Academia Sinica, 20: 31-41.
Menon V. 2003. A field guide to Indian mammals. Dorling Kindersley, India.
Miyamoto A., Tamura N., Sugimura K. & Yamada F. 2004. Predicting habitat distribution of the alien Formosan squirrel using logistic regression model. Global Environmental Research, 8: 13-21.
Novillo A. & Ojeda R.A. 2008. The exotic mammals of Argentina. Biological Invasions, 10: 1333-1344.
Oshida T., Lee J.-K., Lin L.-K., Chan Y.-J. 2006. Phylogeography of Pallas's squirrel in Taiwan: geographical isolation in an arboreal small mammal. J. Mammal. 87: 247–254.
Oshida T., Torii H., Lin L-K., Lee J-K., Chen Y-J., Endo H. & Sasaki M. 2007. A preliminary study on origin of Callosciurus squirrels introduced into Japan. Mamm. Study, 32: 75-82.
Oshida T., Yasuda M., Endo H., Hussein N.A. & Masuda R. 2001. Molecular phylogeny of five squirrel species of the genus Callosciurus (Mammalia, Rodentia) inferred from cytochrome b gene sequences. Mammalia, 65: 473-482.
Ozaki K, 1986. Food and feeding behaviour of the Formosan squirrel, Callosciurus sp. J. Mammal Soc. Japan, 11: 165-172.
Pascal M., Lorvelec O., Vigne J.D., Keith P., Clergeau P. 2003. Evolution holocène de la faune de vertébrés de France : invasions et extinctions. INRA, CNRS, MNHN. Rapport au MEDD (DNP), Paris, 36 pages + annexes.
Sato H., Torii H., Une Y. & Ooi H.-K. 2007. A new Rhabditoid nematode species in Asian Sciurids, distinct from Strongyloides robustus in north American Sciurids. J. Parasitol. 93: 1476-1486.
Setoguchi M. 1990. Food habits of red-bellied tree squirrels on a small island in Japan. J. Mammal., 71: 570-578.
Setoguchi M. 1991. Nest-site selection and nestbuilding behaviour of red-bellied tree squirrels on Tomagashima Island, Japan. J. Mammal., 71:163-170.
Shinozaki Y. et al. 2004. Ectoparasites of the Pallas squirrel, Callosciurus erythraeus, introduced to Japan. Med. Vet. Entomo., 18: 61-63.
Shinozaki Y, Yoshizawa K, Murata K, Shiibashi T, Kimura J, Maruyama S, Hayama Y, Yoshida H, & Nogami S, 2004. The first record of sucking louse, Neohaematopinus callosciuri, infesting Pallas squirrels in Japan. J. Vet. Med. Sci., 66: 333-335.
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Stuyck J., Beart K., Breyne P. & Adriaen, T. 2009. Invasion history and control of Callosciurus erythraeus in Dadizele, Belgium. Science Facing Aliens, Brussels, May11th 2009, p. 42.
Suzuki Y., Watanabe I., Tanabe S. & Kuno K. 2006. Trace elements accumulation and their variations with growth, sex and habitat: effects on Formosan squirrel (Callosciurus
erythraeus). Chemosphere, 64: 1296-1310.
Tamura N., 1995. Postcopulatory mate guarding by vocalization in the Formosan squirrel. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 36: 377386.
Tamura N. 1999. Seasonal change in reproductive states of the Formosan squirrel on Izu-Oshima Island, Japan. Mamm. Study, 24: 121-124.
Tamura N., 2004. Population dynamics and expansion of introduced Formosan squirrels in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. Japanese J. Conserv. Ecol., 9: 37-44.
Tamura N., Hayashi F. & Miyashita K. 1988. Dominance hierarchy and mating behavior of the Formosan squirrel, Callosciurus erythraeus thaiwanensis. J. Mammal., 69: 320-331.
Tamura N., Hayashi F. & Miyashita K. 1989. Spacing and kinship in the Formosan squirrel living in different habitats. Oecologia, 79: 344352.
Tamura, N., Nakane, M., Satou, S., Hayashi, F., 1987. Home range size of the Formosan squirrel, Callosciurus erythyaeus thaiwanensis, estimated by radio tracking. J. Mamm, Soc. Japan 12: 69-72.
Tamura, N., Ohara, S., 2005. Chemical components of hardwood barks stripped by the alien squirrel Callosciurus erythraeus in Japan. J. For. Res. 10: 429-433
Tamura N. & Terauchi M. 1994. Variation in body weight among three populations of the Formosan squirrel Callosciurus erythraeus thaiwanensis. J. Mammal Soc. Japan, 19: 101111.
Tamura, N., Yong, H.-S., 1993. Vocalizations in response to predators in three species of Malaysian Callosciurus (Sciuridae). J. Mammal. 74: 703-714.
Vitousek P. M., d'Antonio C. M., Loope L.L., Rejmanek M. & Westbrooks R. 1997. Introduced species: a significant component of human-caused global change. New Zealand Journal of Ecology, 21: 1-16.
Walker B. & Steffen W. 1997. An overview of the implications of global change for natural and managed terrestrial ecosystems. Conservation Ecology.1: 2.
Williamson M. 1996. Biological invasions. Chapman & Hall, London.
Williams F., Eschen R., Harris A., Djeddour D., Pratt C., Shaw R.S., Varia S., LamontagneGodwin J., Thomas S.E., Murphy S.T. 2010. The Economic Cost of Invasive Non-Native Species on Great Britain. www.cabi.org
Yo S.P., Howard W.E. & Lin Y.S. 1992. Age determination, body mass growth pattern, and the life history of the red-bellied tree squirrel. Bull. Inst. Zool. Academia Sinica, 31: 33-46.
Principaux sigles utilisés
ANSES : Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire
CEEP : Conservatoire-Etudes des Ecosystèmes de Provence / Alpes du Sud
CNPN : Conseil National de Protection de la Nature
CRPF : Centre régionaux de la Propriété forestière
CSRPN : Conseil Scientifique Régional du Patrimoine Naturel
DDTM : Direction Départementale des Territoires et de la Mer
DEB : Direction de l'Eau et de la Biodiversité
DREAL : La Direction Régionale de l'Environnement, de l'Aménagement et du Logement
ER : Ecureuil roux
ESCOTA : réseau autoroutes Estérel, Côte d'Azur, Provence et Alpes
EVR : Ecureuil à ventre rouge
INRA : Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique
LPO : Ligue pour la Protection des Oiseaux
MEDDTL : Ministère de l'Ecologie, du Développement durable, des Transports et du Logement
MNHN : Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle
MHNNice : Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle de Nice
ONCFS : Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage
ONF : Office National des Forêts
PACA : Provence - Alpes - Côte d'Azur
SFEPM : Société Française pour l'Etude et la Protection des Mammifères
URVN : Union Régionale Vie et Nature
Remerciements
Nous remercions les différentes personnes qui ont contribué à la réalisation de ce plan national de lutte, en particulier Fiona Bastelica (M2) et Stefaniya Kamenova (M1) qui ont collaboré à la récolte des données sur la biologie et l'écologie de cet écureuil, Catherine Ducatillon et Richard Belanger (INRA), pour leur aide sur le plan logistique et sur le terrain (Villa Thuret), les membres du Comité restreint pour leurs suggestions : Hélène Menigaux (MEDDTL), Laurent Tillon (ONF/ DR ONF), Guillaume Rousset (ONCFS /DR ONCFS), Jessica Thévenot (MNHN), Alain Monavon (DDTM 06), et les membres du comité de suivi élargi pour leur participation aux échanges sur le plan : Charles Barbero (DDTM 06), Louis Bernard (ONCFS 06), Guy Blanchard (AGRDP 06), Amélie Bourgeois (Biot), Serge Cauvin (AGCP06), Céline Charrier (CASA), Virginie Croquet (DR ONCFS), Jean-Luc Dumas (Escota), Jean-Charles Gaudin (DR ONCFS), Frédéric Leravat (Biot), M. Malherbe (Antibes), Camille Marcellin (Vallauris), Florence Menetrier (CEEP), Franck Michou (ONCFS 06), Olivier Lambert (Antibes), François Moutou (ANSES, SFEPM), Michel Pascal (INRA), Gille Parodi (CG06), Jean-Louis Passeron (Lieutenant de louveterie), Paul Piquet (Lieutenant de louveterie), Danièle Cléa Pugnaire (Antibes), Lætitia Richagneux (Vallauris), Pierre Rigaux (LPO), Jean-Marc de la Rocca (AGRDP06), Alexandre Viguier (ONCFS 06), Valentine Vincentelli (CASA).
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Tourist office Ritten
Dorfstraße 5 39054 Klobenstein - Ritten Pho. 0471 356100, Fax 0471 356799 email@example.com www.ritten.com
Events
24.10.2020 - 01.11.2020
Escape Room Container Renon
Monday–Sunday (10 a.m. - 9 p.m.)
Age:14+
Players: 2–4 players
Duration: 70 minutes
Location: Klobenstein/Collalbo railway station (square)
Reservation required: phone +39 348 6849113
The story:
A few weeks ago there was a robbery at one of the biggest banks in Italy. After a long investigation, the police is finally hot on the trail of the perpetrators and has found the probably notorious hiding place of the criminal gang. As a team of investigators you are the last hope to uncover the secrets of the gang. A colleague from forensics is already waiting for you.
What is an escape room?
The Escape Room is a realistically recreated themed room in which the players have to solve different puzzles in the prescribed time of 70 minutes to leave the room as the winner
Klobenstein/Collalbo
Place:
10:00 - 21:00
24.10.2020, 25.10.2020, 26.10.2020, 27.10.2020, 28.10.2020, 29.10.2020, 30.10.2020,
Information:
Time:
Dates:
+39 348 6849113
31.10.2020, 01.11.2020
Ice Hockey match: Rittner Buam - Fassa
Farmers' market
of the Alps Hockey League in the Ritten Arena at Klobenstein/Collalbo at 8 p.m., Costs: € 12, € 6 aged under 18 , for free with RittenCard and kids aged under 10.
Tickets: https://www.rittnerbuam.com/it/news/tickets-abo or at the box office
Ritten Arena - Klobenstein/Collalbo - Ritten/Renon
Place:
20:00
24.10.2020
Time:
Dates:
Farmers' market with local products at at the Kaiserau car park in Klobenstein/Collalbo, from 8-12 a.m.
Klobenstein/Collalbo
Place:
08:00 - 12:00
24.10.2020, 31.10.2020
Time:
Dates:
Exhibition of photography: "Alioth Anniversary"
The special Ritten/Renon train celebrates its 110th birthday with a exhibition of photography in the station of Oberbozen/Soprabolzano.
To visit: Monday to Friday from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. and Saturday from 9 a.m. to 2 p.m.
Place:
Oberbozen/Soprabolzano - Ritten/Renon
09:00
24.10.2020, 26.10.2020, 27.10.2020, 28.10.2020, 29.10.2020, 30.10.2020, 31.10.2020
Information:
Time:
Dates:
+39 0471 345245
Events
24.10.2020 - 01.11.2020
Farmers' market
Farmers' market with local products at Ing.-Josef-Riehl-Square, trainstation Soprabolzano/Oberbozen from 12 noon – 5 p.m.
Trainstation Soprabolzano/Oberbozen - Oberbozen/Soprabolzano - Ritten/Renon
Place:
12:00 - 17:00
27.10.2020
Time:
Dates:
Exploring Renon - a guided hike
with the hiking guide Sepp Lamprecht in German or Italian language.
On this hike to the most beautiful places on the Ritten, the hiking guide tells interesting things about life and people, gives tips and hiking suggestions.
Meeting point: 10 a.m. at the Klobenstein/Collalbo railway station (goat)
Walking time: 4 hours, refreshment along the route.
Price: € 10, free of charge with RittenCard
Registration at the tourist office until Monday, 5 p.m.
Klobenstein/Collalbo
Place:
Tourist office Ritten/Renon
10:00
27.10.2020
Reservation:
Information:
Time:
Dates:
+390471356100
Guided e-bike tour
with the bike guide Hannes Lang
Tuesdays at 9.30 a.m. Meeting point with your own e-bike: 9.30 a.m. at the Collalbo railway station (goat), at 10 a.m. at Soprabolzano railway station square
Route: Collalbo, Soprabolzano, Auna di Sopra, M.Cavallo, Corno del Renon, Tre Vie, Tann, Riggermoos, Collalbo/Soprabolzano
Duration: 5 hours
(lunch stop along the route)
Length: 38 km
Altitude difference: up 1300 m, down 1100 m
Level of difficulty: S0-S2
Price: € 35, € 30 with RittenCard. For guests of the participating bike companies the tour is free of charge www.ritten.com/bike
Language: German & Italian
Registration: until Monday, 5 p.m. at the Tourist Office Ritten/Renon phone +39 0471 356100
Place:
Oberbozen/Soprabolzano - Ritten/Renon
Tourist office Ritten/Renon
09:30
27.10.2020
Reservation:
Information:
Time:
Dates:
0471356100
Visit of the Commandery Longomoso
Individual visit every Wednesday and every Friday from 4–6 p.m. Cost: € 2.50, free with RittenCard.
The original building of the Commandery Lengmoos dates back to the early 13th century. At the time, all across the region, pilgrim hospices were built to cater to pilgrims on their journey to Rome and provide for the poor. And so, a hospice was erected at Ulrico's Pass in Lengmoos/Longomoso.
Commandery Lengmoos - Lengmoos/Longomoso
Place:
16:00 - 18:00
28.10.2020, 30.10.2020
Time:
Dates:
Events
24.10.2020 - 01.11.2020
Wine region South Tyrol - a journey through South Tyrol's wine world
with the board member of the Sommelier Association South Tyrol and member of the Wine Academy Thomas Fink.
Meeting point: at 4.15 p.m. at Getränke Fink - Zona artigianale Collalbo - artisan area Klobenstein/Collalbo Duration: 1,5-2 hours
Price: € 18, with RittenCard € 15
Minimum number of participants: 5
Registration: until Wednesday, 11 a.m. at the tourist office Ritten/Renon, Tel. +39 0471 356100
Language: German & Italian
Description:
Tasting of 5 local wines and introduction to the history of winegrowing in South Tyrol and the autochthonous types of grape. We accompany you through South Tyrol's wine world, with a look at history, terrior, types of grape and wine-growing zones. Several wines will be tasted and thus we make the connection between theory and practice.
Note: for groups of 5 people or more, tasting is possible at any time. Tastings on specific topics are also offered. Information & registration: Getränke Fink Tel. +39 0471 356494
Getränke Fink - Klobenstein/Collalbo
Place:
Tourist office Renon/Ritten
16:15
28.10.2020
Reservation:
Information:
Time:
Dates:
+39 0417356100
Walk in the company of llamas and alpacas, a half-day tour with more than 20 trained stallions, who carry the snack in their saddlebags. We start from the Kaserhof farm and walk along the ancient Via Romea until we reach the famous earth pyramids in Oberbozen/Soprabolzano, where we will stop to enjoy a classic peasant snack.
Altitude difference: 250 m
Meeting point: 9.30 a.m. at Kaserhof farm
Cost: € 30, families € 70, 10% reduction with RittenCard,
Minimum 5 participants or 2 families
Information and reservation by the day before, 6 p.m. at the Kaserhof farm tel. 0471 345046
Place:
Oberbozen/Soprabolzano - Ritten/Renon
Kaserhof - tel. 0039 0471 345046
09:30
28.10.2020, 30.10.2020
Reservation:
Information:
Time:
Dates:
0471 345046
"Rittner Trachten" museum of traditional costumes from Ritten/Renon
a collection of the "Rittner Tracht" from the 18th century to the present day.
The traditional costume has a long tradition on the Ritten/Renon, which is still cultivated by associations and organisations today. Our task is to preserve this living cultural asset for the future and make it accessible to a broad public.
The "Rittner Trachtensammlung" offers an insight into over 130 years of traditional costume history from Renon.
On Wednesdays and Fridays from 4–6 p.m. in the historic Lengmoos Commandery. Admission: € 2.50, free with RittenCard
Place:
Commandery Lengmoos - Lengmoos/Longomoso
16:00 - 18:00
28.10.2020, 30.10.2020
Time:
Dates:
Lamatrekking
Events
24.10.2020 - 01.11.2020
Guided tour & wine tasting – Ansitz Waldgries Manor (1242)
Meeting point: at 10.30 a.m. Ansitz Waldgries Manor at S. Giustina/Bolzano
Duration: 1,5 hours
Price: Guided tour in the historic wine cellar and wine tasting € 17, with RittenCard € 14.
Only wine tasting from 11-11.45 a.m. and individual walk on the wine path „Zeit in Waldgries" € 13, with
RittenCard € 9.
Minimum of participants: 6, max 12 persons
Season: 9th April - 5th November 2020
Reservation: Tourist office Ritten/Renon until Wednesday, 5 p.m., Tel. +39 0471 356100
At the Ansitz Waldgries Manor, in the middle of the famous wine-growing area of S. Maddalena, viticulture has a long tradition. Waldgries was first mentioned in a document in 1242. Today Christian Plattner leads the wine estate with enthusiasm and success in the 3rd generation and gives his wines a harmonious blend of tradition and innovation.
Unique is the wine path "Zeit in Waldgries", where the visitor learns a lot of interesting facts about the winery and the daily work. At the end of the artistically designed path, the visitor is rewarded with a magnificent view of the city of Bolzano and the surrounding castles.
Bozen/Bolzano
Place:
Tourist office Ritten/Renon
10:30 - 11:45
29.10.2020
Reservation:
Information:
Time:
Dates:
+39 0471 323 603
Guided e-bike tour
with a short introduction in the right handling of e-bikes.
Meeting point with your own E-Bike: 9.30 a.m. railway station Soprabolzano, 10 a.m. at the railway station Collalbo.
Thursdays Route:
Soprabolzano, Collalbo, Longomoso, Bad Siess, Tann, Riggermoos, Soprabolzano.
Duration: 3 hours
Length: 22 km
Altitude difference: up 620 m, down 630 m
Level of difficulty: S0-S2
Cost: € 25, € 20 with RittenCard
For guests of the participating bike companies the tour is free of charge www.ritten.com/bike
Season: from 18 June - 29 October 2020
Language: German & Italian
Reservation: tourist office Ritten/Renon by the day before, 5 p.m. tel. +39 0471 356 100 or firstname.lastname@example.org
Place:
Klobenstein/Collalbo - Ritten/Renon
Tourist office Ritten/Renon
09:30
29.10.2020
Reservation:
Information:
Time:
Dates:
+39 0471 356100
Traditional archery
Meeting point: at 9.30 at the Rainbow trail near the Lobishof trattoria in Oberbozen/Soprabolzano.
Duration: 3 hours
Cost: € 30, children under 14 years € 25. With RittenCard € 28, children under 14 years € 23
Participants: minimum 3 adults, maximum 6 people
Minimum age: 6 years
Equipment: suitable shoes
Language: German & Italian
Reservation: until Wednesday, 5 p.m. at the tourist office Ritten/Renon tel. +39 0471 356100
Oberbozen/Soprabolzano -Ritten/Renon
Place:
Tourist office Ritten/Renon
09:30
29.10.2020
Reservation:
Time:
Dates:
Events
24.10.2020 - 01.11.2020
Rielinger wine experience - guided wine tour and wine tasting
Come and delve into a real-life wine experience at the bio farm Rielinger. The wine farmer will give you a tour of the vineyard, explaining the different grapes and their cultivation. We cultivate the white wine varieties Blatterle, Müller Thurgau, Kerner and Riesling as well as the red wines Schiava and Zweigelt.
After the vineyard tour you'll hit the cellar where we show you how the wine is fermented and aged. At the end of the tour of course you may taste our in-house wines.
Meeting Point: bio farm Rielinger at 4 p.m.
Duration of tour: approx. 1,5 hours
Minimum participants: 4
Price: 12 €, with RittenCard € 10. Only wine tasting from 5-5.30 p.m. € 5, with RittenCard € 3
Language: German, Italian & English
Reservation: until Thursday, 5 p.m. at the tourist office Ritten/Renon, tel. +39 0471 356100
(At request we can arrange a wine tour any time, with a minimum of 8 participants). Rielinger, phone +39 0471 356274 or +39 3495927302
Rielinger - Klobenstein/Collalbo
Place:
Tourist office Ritten/Renon
16:00
30.10.2020
Reservation:
Information:
Time:
Dates:
+39 0471356100
Guided walking-tour "discovering chestnuts"
Day tour with guide Sepp Lamprecht along the "Keschtnweg" (chestnut trail South Tyrol).
Meeting Point: 10.20 a.m. train station Lichtenstern/Stella (train starting from Klobenstein/Collalbo or Oberbozen/Soprabolzano at 10.06 a.m.)
Route: Lichtenstern/Stella, Wolfsgruben/Costalovara, Signat/Signato, Unterinn/Auna di Sotto and back to
Klobenstein/Collalbo by bus 165.
Duration: 4 hours only walking,
Degree of difficulty: intermediate,
Equipment: hiking shoes, raincoat, drink, fruit.
Costs: € 10, bus extra, free with RittenCard,
Language: German & Italian,
Registration: within Thursday, 5 p.m.at the tourist office Ritten/Renon, phone +39 0471 356100
Place:
Oberbozen/Soprabolzano – Ritten/Renon
Tourist office Ritten/Renon
10:20
30.10.2020
Reservation:
Information:
Time:
Dates:
+39 0471 356100
Ice Hockey match: Rittner Buam - Olimpija Ljubljana
of the Alps Hockey League in the Ritten Arena at Klobenstein/Collalbo at 5.30 p.m., Costs: € 12, € 6 aged under 18 , for free with RittenCard and kids aged under 10.
Tickets: https://www.rittnerbuam.com/it/news/tickets-abo or at the box office
Place:
Ritten Arena - Klobenstein/Collalbo - Ritten/Renon
17:30
31.10.2020
Time:
Dates:
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ACUERDO
Reunidos, a 12/02/2014, por una parte, , en nombre y representación propia y, por otra , en nombre y representación de France Télécom España, S.A. ante el Secretario Técnico del Comité de Mediación de adigital, , con el fin de realizar un acto voluntario de mediación,
ACUERDAN
PRIMERO.- Que el presente acto se refiere a la reclamación presentada por (en adelante PARTICULAR), por la entrega defectuosa de un producto a través del portal www.orange.es, del que es responsable France Télécom España, S.A. (Orange) (en adelante Orange), empresa adherida a CONFIANZA ONLINE. Según se desprende de la reclamación el consumidor realizó la renovación del servicio contratado ya que así se beneficiaba de una de las ofertas publicitadas (Router Multimedia Livebox). No obstante, el particular afirma que el router recibido no se correspondía con el indicado en las condiciones de la oferta, por lo que contactó con la reclamada, pero a fecha de interposición de la reclamación aún no ha recibido una solución satisfactoria, por lo que solicita el envío inmediato del producto indicado, ya que de lo contrario solicitará la baja del servicio.
SEGUNDO.- Que el PARTICULAR considera que dicha actuación podría suponer la vulneración del artículo 14 (Principio de legalidad) del Código Ético de Confianza Online, en relación con el artículo 1.278 del Código Civil.
TERCERO.- Que habiéndose dado traslado de la reclamación a Orange, como muestra de su buena fe, solicita la celebración de un acto de mediación, conforme al artículo 34.6 del Código Ético, para poder alcanzar un acuerdo amistoso entre ambas partes.
CUARTO.- Que en este acto de mediación, Orange habiendo manifestado sus disculpas por las molestias ocasionadas, va a proceder a gestionar el envío del nuevo pedido.
QUINTO.- Que a la vista de lo anterior y a tenor de lo dispuesto en el artículo 34.6 del Código Ético, se considera que la reclamación queda resuelta por mediación siendo, por tanto, innecesario su traslado a las autoridades competentes.
SEXTO.- Que el PARTICULAR reconoce quedar satisfecho con el cumplimiento, por parte de Orange del compromiso aceptado en el punto 4º de este acuerdo de mediación y, en consecuencia, se compromete a desistir de emprender cualquier acción legal referida a este asunto.
SÉPTIMO.- Que las partes presentes acuerdan hacer público este texto, a través de la página web de CONFIANZA ONLINE.
Y, para que quede constancia de todo lo anterior, se extiende, en triplicado ejemplar, el presente documento, para que sea firmado manuscritamente por las partes intervinientes.
En Barcelona, a 12/02/2014.
En representación de Orange
Servicio al Cliente ORANGE
France Télécom España, S.A.Sociedad Unipersonal
Comité de Mediación de adigital
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BULLETIN D'ADHÉSION AU GRETIA ANNÉE 2025
Première adhésion
Renouvellement
Nom
Adresse
Code Postal
Téléphone
Date de naissance
Site internet personnel
Prénom
Ville
Adresse mail
Profession
GROUPES ÉTUDIÉS
Généraliste
Autres (à préciser)
Domaine(s) de compétence et/ou centre(s) d'intérêt
Inventaires
Écologie
Gestion des milieux
Systématique
Éthologie
Biologie
Cartographie
Élevage
Photographie
Pédagogie
J'autorise le GRETIA à diffuser ces renseignements dans l'annuaire de ses membres
Je souhaite faire partie de la liste de diffusion du GRETIA et recevoir le mail infos
Oui
Oui
Non
Non
Afin de promouvoir les activités de l'association, nous sommes susceptibles d'utiliser votre image (prise à l'occasion d'activités du GRETIA) dans nos supports de communication (site internet, Facebook, bulletin, plaquette…).
J'accepte l'utilisation et l'exploitation non commerciale de mon image dans le cadre de la promotion de l'association Oui Non
Je joins mon règlement de
€ correspondant au montant de ma cotisation annuelle .
Les chèques sont à établir à l'ordre du GRETIA, à transmettre au secrétariat de l'association :
GRETIA – 104 rue Eugène Pottier – 35000 RENNES
Je souhaite une facture
Montant de la cotisation annuelle (année civile) :
Adhésion simple : 20 €
Adhésion couple : 27 €
Adhésion « petits budgets » : 7 €
Personnes morales : 40 €
Date
Signature
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INFORMATIONEN
Die Leitung des Seminars hat Marianne Bönigk-Schulz (Vorsitzende des Fördervereins zur Erforschung des Messie-Syndroms (FEM) e. V.)
Die Arbeitstagung und die Koordination und Entwicklung von MESSIE-Selbsthilfegruppen wird durch den FEM e. V. unterstützt. Zu dieser Arbeitstagung werden folgende Gruppen und Institutionen eingeladen:
- Messie-Selbsthilfegruppen und Betroffene
Alle weiteren Informationen von der:
Bundesgeschäftsstelle der Messie-Selbsthilfe-Gruppen Deutsch- land beim FEM e. V.,
Tegerstr. 15, 32825 Blomberg,Tel.: 05236-
888795Fax:
05236-888 796, eMail: firstname.lastname@example.org http://www.messie-selbsthilfe.de
Internet:
und http://www.shg-d.de
-
http://www.goettingen.shg-niedersachsen.de
MESSIE - SHG - Göttingen: über KIBIS 0551-48 67 66
ARBEITSTAGUNG
MESSIE - SELBSTHILFEGRUPPEN GESPRÄCHSGEMEINSCHAFTEN IN NIEDERSACHSEN
Austauschtreffen zur Weiterentwicklung der Messies und der Gruppenselbsthilfe
Sonntag, den 19. Juli 2009
10:00 – 18:00 Uhr
Erfahrungsaustausch Intensive Gruppensitzungen Zusammenarbeit mit Fachleuten der Selbsthilfe
SCHWERPUNKTTHEMA
Lernen durch Erfahrung
Ort:
Nachbarschaftszentrum Grone
Deisterstr. 10
37081 Göttingen http://www.nachbarschaftszentrum-grone.de/
KEINE ANMELDUNG ERFORDERLICH UND KEINE GEBÜHR
Inhalte der Arbeitstagung
Die Weiterentwicklung der Selbsthilfegruppenarbeit der Messies unter thematisch gegliederten Aspekten und die regelmäßige Zusammenarbeit von Selbsthilfegruppen der Messies im norddeutschen Raum ist Inhalt der Arbeitstagung:
- Praxisnahe Informationen über die unterschiedlichen Arbeitsweisen von Selbsthilfegruppen der Messies.
- Unterstützung von Selbsthilfegruppenentwicklungen, -gründungen und -organisationen bei den Messies.
- Die Kooperation zwischen Selbsthilfegruppen und Vertretern der Selbsthilfekontaktstellen, der Krankenkassen und des medizinpsychologischen Dienstes zum wechselseitigen Nutzen.
- Erfahrungsaustausch zwischen Selbsthilfegruppen untereinander.
- Internetpräsenz und Austauschmöglichkeiten per eMail
- Information für neu an der Messie-Selbsthilfe Interessierte.
ZEITPLAN
Die Arbeitstagung findet vierteljährl. samstags oder sonntags von 10.00 bis 18.00 Uhr statt.
10.00 h - 10.30 h Gespräche der Teilnehmer miteinander
10.30 h - 11.30 h Beginn mit der gemeinsamen Arbeitstagung
11.30 h - 11.45 h Pause
11.45 h - 13.00 h gemeinsame Arbeitsgruppe
13.00 h - 14.30 h Mittagspause
14.30 h - 16.00 h gemeinsame Arbeitsgruppen
16.00 h - 16.15 h Pause
17.00 h - 18.00 h Abschlussdiskussion
Schwerpunktthema
Lernen durch Erfahrung
Am Vormittag wollen wir uns damit auseinandersetzen, was eigentlich geschieht, wenn sich ein erwachsener Mensch auf einen sozialen Lernprozess einlässt, was sich verändert oder entwickelt.
Wir werden uns mit der Bedeutung alter Erfahrungen in früheren Situationen und der Möglichkeit, neue Erfahrungen in der momentanen Auseinandersetzung mit unserer Umwelt zu machen, befassen. Wir wollen Ihnen zeigen, wie Sie immer wieder selbst herausfinden können, ob Ihr Verhalten Ihren eigenen Absichten gerecht wird.
Den Nachmittag können wir nutzen, um über die weitere Entwicklung oder Notwendigkeit der Arbeitstagungen zu diskutieren. Andere Meinungen oder Wünsche für das Programm dieser Tagungen sind sehr erwünscht.
Anreise per Bahn: (Tipp: Nutzen Sie die Sonderangebote der BAHN - z. B. Wochenendticket oder Spezialtarif ab 2 Personen) Bahnhof „Ausgang Zentrum" nehmen, 200m schräg rechts ist der Busbahnhof (ZOB). Linie 4 Richtung Grone/Süd (evtl. steht dort auch Kaufpark), ab 10.06 Uhr alle 30 Min., Fahrzeit 5 Min., Aussteigen Haltestelle Deisterstr. Rückfahrt: ab Haltestelle Zollstock, ab 09.51 Uhr alle 30 Min., Fahrzeit 8 Min.
(http://www.goevb.de/CMS/downloads/Linie04.pdf)
Mit dem Auto: Autobahn A 7, Abfahrt Göttingen/Dransfeld, Abbiegen Richtung Göttingen (nicht Dransfeld), B 3 ca. 1,5 km immer geradeaus, man kommt vorbei an Sconto Möbel-Sofort, ATU = Autoteile Unger, dann am Audizentrum/VW-Zentrum Göttingen, an der Ampel direkt dahinter rechts abbiegen in die Deisterstr., dann ca. 300 m (1 Fahrbahnverengung, 1 kleiner Kreisel, 1 Fahrbahnverengung), dann liegt rechter Hand das Nachbarschaftszentrum (1-stöckiges langgestrecktes rotes Holzhaus)
Jede/r kann in die Tagung soviel Zeit investieren, wie sie/er möchte. Wir freuen uns über jeden Besuch, sollte er noch so kurz sein.
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In order to make the official working procedure more transparent and efficient, it has been decided that all the applications viz applications for conversion, substitution, mutation, etc. are to be filled up and submitted online. For this purpose, it is requested to visit ‘eServices’ tab on the official website www.ldo.gov.in. No physical application will be received by the Information facilitation Center (IFC) of this Office. Also the payments are to be made through the Official website of this Office only. Payments from any other means will not be accepted.
This issues with the approval of Land & Development Officer.
(Rajanish Kumar Jha)
Dy Land and Development Officer (Admn)
Tel: 011-23061325
सरकारी कार्य प्रक्रिया को अधिक पारदर्शी और दक्ष बनाने के उद्देश्य से यह निर्णय लिया गया है कि सभी आवेदन पत्र जैसे संपरिवर्तन, प्रतिस्थापन, नामांतरण करने के लिए आवेदन पत्र, आदि को ऑनलाइन भरा जाए तथा प्रस्तुत किया जाए। इस उद्देश्य के लिए कार्यालय की वेबसाइट www.ldo.gov.in. के ‘eServices’ टैब पर जाने का अनुरोध किया जाता है। इस कार्यालय के सूचना सुविधा केन्द्र पर किसी भी आवेदन पत्र को स्वीकार नहीं किया जाएगा। भुगतान भी, इस कार्यालय की सरकारी वेबसाइट के माध्यम से किया जाएगा। अन्य किसी माध्यम से भुगतान स्वीकार नहीं किया जाएगा।
इसे भूमि तथा विकास अधिकारी के अनुमोदन से जारी किया जाता है।
(रजनीश कुमार झा)
उप भूमि तथा विकास अधिकारी
दूरभाष:- 011-2306 1325
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Étanchéité sous carrelage
**ÉLÉMENT PORTEUR EN MAÇONNERIE**
**PENTE 1,5 à 5%, sans isolant thermique**
**TECHNIQUE**
**ÉLÉMENT PORTEUR**
- En maçonnerie conforme à la norme NF P 10-203 (DTU 20.12).
- Pente de 1,5 à 5%.
**ÉTANCHÉITÉ**
- Variante : des systèmes d’étanchéité sans flamme sont possibles (contacter SOPREMA) :
- **Alsan® 400 ou 410** : résine polyuréthane sous carrelage collé ou scellé (cf. documentation spécifique aux systèmes Alsan®).
**CLASSEMENT INCENDIE**
- Le comportement au feu des toitures mises en œuvre sous une protection lourde, conformes à celles de l’arrêté du 14 février 2003, satisfait aux exigences vis-à-vis du feu extérieur (art. 5 de l’arrêté du 14 février 2003).
**PROTECTION**
- La protection est conforme au DTU 43.1 avec une couche de désolidarisation constituée du **Drain 2F** (CPP “Accessoires d’Etanchéité”).
- En relevé, l’enduit ciment grillagé peut être remplacé par une plinthe collée sur la résine bitumineuse Flashing, sur une hauteur d’au moins 10 cm (cette solution peut permettre de s’affranchir de l’engravure).
---
**SYSTÈME BICOUCHE**
| DTA/Avis Technique | Elastophène® Flam / Sopralène® Flam |
|--------------------|-------------------------------------|
| | Système Base | Système Optimal | Système Renforcé |
| 2ème couche | Elastophène® Flam 25 | Sopralène® Flam Unilay AR | Sopralène® Flam Unilay AR |
| 1ère couche | Elastophène® Flam 180-25 | Styrbase® Stick | Sopralène® Flam 180 |
| Performance | F515T4 | F515T4 | F515T4 |
---
**CONSEILS**
- Il est toujours possible de choisir une 2ème couche d’étanchéité “noire” filmée ou sablée, toutefois nous conseillons d’opter pour des revêtements autoprotégés par granulats minéraux (gailliettes d’ardoise), permettant d’appliquer plus aisément les relevés Flashing (le film des revêtement Flam doit être sublimé; l’aluminium des feuilles métal doit être déléché).
- Les solutions présentées sont toutes très performantes. Cette qualité permet de supprimer la chape de protection (norme NF P 84-204 référence DTU 43.1) définie dans la Fiche D 30 et par conséquent une économie en coût, épaisseur et surcharge.
- L’entreprise de carrelage doit être informée des prescriptions concernant son lot.
- Dans le cas d’une étanchéité réalisée sur des locaux nobles et/ou avec une protection à haute valeur ajoutée, il est conseillé de privilégier une pose en adhérence (sur maçonnerie monolithé de type A).
- Attention : les toitures non isolées sont limitées par le DTU 20.12.
---
www.soprema.fr - E-mail : firstname.lastname@example.org
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Kommissorium
for
Udvalg om åbenhed om den økonomiske støtte til politiske partier
1. I ethvert demokratisk samfund er det vigtigt, at der er gennemsigtighed om de politiske partiers økonomiske forhold. Den ordning, som i dag gælder i Danmark, har givet anledning til diskussion med hensyn til, om den indebærer tilstrækkelig gennemsigtighed på området.
Regeringen nedsætter derfor et hurtigt arbejdende ekspertudvalg, som skal have til opgave at se på, hvordan der vil kunne skabes øget gennemsigtighed om den økonomiske støtte til danske politiske partier. I sammenhæng hermed skal udvalget belyse samspillet mellem dels den private og den offentlige støtte til partierne, dels den statslige, regionale og kommunale støtte samt processen for tildeling heraf. Udvalget skal i den forbindelse også overveje, hvordan der kan skabes åbenhed om bidrag til politiske partier, som ydes via en sammenslutning af personer eller virksomheder. Derimod vil udvalget ikke have til opgave at foretage en nærmere vurdering af finansiering af reklamekampagner med et politisk budskab, som ikke er aftalt med et politisk parti.
Udvalget skal beskrive de gældende regler for støtte til politiske partier samt redegøre for fordele og ulemper ved den eksisterende ordning.
Udvalget skal bl.a. basere sine overvejelser på tilgængelige beskrivelser af ordninger for støtte til politiske partier i sammenlignelige lande.
Udvalget skal på baggrund heraf opstille modeller for, hvordan en fremtidig regulering af den offentlige og den private økonomiske støtte til politi-
Lovafdelingen
Dato: 11. marts 2014
Kontor: Lovkvalitetskontoret
Sagsbeh: Katrine Busch
Sagsnr.: 2011-750-0013
Dok.: 1109053
Slotsholmsgade 10 1216 København K.
Telefon 7226 8400
Telefax 3393 3510
www.justitsministeriet.dk email@example.com
ske partier vil kunne udformes, herunder skal udvalget beskrive modeller, hvor politiske partier i større eller mindre omfang skal vælge mellem offentlig eller privat økonomisk støtte. Det forudsættes, at udvalget i den forbindelse også i relevant omfang inddrager anbefalinger fra internationale organisationer samt internationale udviklingstendenser. Sigtet med at opstille modeller skal være at tilvejebringe et grundlag for en politisk vurdering af de forskellige muligheder for at indføre en ny ordning, der sikrer mere åbenhed om den offentlige og den private økonomiske støtte til politiske partier.
Udvalget skal tilrettelægge sit arbejde således, at det så vidt muligt er afsluttet i løbet af sommeren 2014.
2. Formand for udvalget er tidligere departementschef Bo Smith.
Udvalget sammensættes i øvrigt således:
- Professor Jørgen Albæk Jensen, Aarhus Universitet
- Lektor Karina Kosiara-Pedersen, Københavns Universitet
Udvalgets sekretariatsfunktion varetages af Justitsministeriet og Økonomiog Indenrigsministeriet.
Baggrund
1. Danske partiers økonomiske forhold reguleres i dag af reglerne i lov om private bidrag til politiske partier og offentliggørelse af politiske partiers regnskaber, jf. lovbekendtgørelse nr. 1123 af 24. oktober 2006, og lov om økonomisk støtte til politiske partier, jf. lovbekendtgørelse nr. 1291 af 8. december 2006.
1.1. Det følger af lov om private bidrag til politiske partier og offentliggørelse af politiske partiers regnskaber, at partier, der har været opstillet til det senest afholdte valg til Folketinget eller Europa-Parlamentet, skal aflægge regnskab over partiets landsorganisations indtægter og udgifter.
Regnskabet skal indeholde oplysninger om følgende indtægtstyper: offentlig partistøtte, kontingentindtægter, yderligere private tilskud fra private personer, renteindtægter samt tilskud fra internationale organisationer, kollektive private sammenslutninger, faglige organisationer, erhvervsorganisationer, erhvervsvirksomheder, fonde og foreninger.
Såfremt et parti i regnskabsåret fra samme private bidragsyder har modtaget et eller flere bidrag, der tilsammen overstiger 20.000 kr., skal bidragsyderens navn og adresse fremgå af regnskabet. Regnskabet skal endvidere indeholde oplysning om den samlede størrelse af eventuelle anonyme bidrag og oplysning om størrelsen af de enkelte anonyme bidrag på mere end 20.000 kr. Regnskabet skal herudover indeholde oplysning om balance og egenkapital.
Regnskabet aflægges årligt for perioden 1. januar til 31. december og skal underskrives af partiets ledelse og indeholde en erklæring om, at partiet ikke har haft andre indtægter end anført i regnskabet.
Partiets ledelse skal senest 12 måneder efter regnskabsårets afslutning indsende en bekræftet kopi af regnskabet til Folketinget, der fremlægger regnskabet til gennemsyn for offentligheden.
Urigtig eller mangelfuld angivelse af private bidrag til politiske partier, urigtige eller mangelfulde oplysninger i øvrigt i partiregnskaber samt afgivelse af urigtig erklæring om, at partiet ikke har haft andre indtægter end anført i regnskabet kan straffes med bøde eller fængsel indtil 4 måneder.
Partiorganisationer (juridiske personer) kan pålægges strafansvar efter reglerne i straffelovens 5. kapitel.
1.2. Efter lov om økonomisk støtte til politiske partier kan partier/kandidatlister, der har deltaget i kommunal-, regional- eller folketingsvalg, få offentlig partistøtte.
Partistøtten beregnes på baggrund af det antal stemmer, et parti/en kandidatliste har opnået ved henholdsvis det senest afholdte folketingsvalg, regionsrådsvalg eller kommunalvalg. Partistøtten udgør (2014-niveau) 30,50 kr. pr. stemme opnået ved folketingsvalg, 4,25 kr. pr. stemme opnået ved regionsrådsvalg og 6,75 kr. pr. stemme opnået ved kommunalbestyrelsesvalg. Beløbene reguleres en gang årligt.
Udbetaling af partistøtte er betinget af en erklæring fra partiet/kandidatlisten om afholdte og påtænkte udgifter til politisk arbejde.
Udbetaling er endvidere betinget af, at partiet/kandidatlisten har afgivet oplysninger om de bidrag, der er modtaget fra private bidragsydere, enten i en erklæring (for de kandidatlister, der har deltaget i kommunal- og regionalvalg) eller ved indsendelse af det partiregnskab, der skal udarbejdes efter lov om private bidrag til politiske partier og offentliggørelse af politiske partiers regnskaber (for de partier, der har deltaget i folketingsvalg).
Der skal i begge tilfælde afgives oplysninger om, hvorvidt der fra samme private bidragsyder er modtaget et eller flere bidrag, der tilsammen overstiger 20.000 kr. i det foregående år. Navn og adresse på bidragsyder – men ikke størrelsen af bidraget – skal i givet fald oplyses. Der skal endvidere afgives oplysninger om størrelsen af anonyme bidrag.
Partiregnskaberne – og de heri indeholdte oplysninger om private bidragsydere – er offentligt tilgængelige. Oplysningerne i erklæringerne fra de kandidatlister, der har deltaget i kommunal- og regionalvalg, er ikke offentligt tilgængelige, men kan i et vist omfang være omfattet af aktindsigt.
2. Støtte til politiske partier og hermed forbundne spørgsmål har ved flere lejligheder været gjort til genstand for overvejelser i den offentlige debat. Det har i den forbindelse bl.a. været fremført, at de gældende regler på området ikke sikrer reel åbenhed om den økonomiske støtte, som partierne modtager.
Folketinget har bl.a. drøftet spørgsmålet om åbenhed i forhold til støtte til politiske partier under behandlingen af beslutningsforslag nr. B 183 og B 188 i folketingssamlingen 2009-10.
Beslutningsforslag nr. B 183 lagde bl.a. op til at sænke den gældende beløbsgrænse for offentliggørelse af private bidrag fra 20.000 kr. til 5.000 kr. Herudover blev det foreslået, at beløbsstørrelsen fra donatorer, der i det pågældende år havde givet mere end 5.000 kr., skulle oplyses. Der blev endvidere lagt op til, at bidrag til bl.a. partiernes kandidater skulle offentliggøres. Endelig blev det foreslået, at anonyme bidrag skulle videresendes til humanitære formål.
Beslutningsforslag nr. B 188 lagde op til, at regeringen skulle nedsætte en kommission, der skulle komme med forslag til, hvordan der kan skabes større åbenhed om direkte og indirekte privat partistøtte.
Beslutningsforslagene blev ikke vedtaget.
3. De danske regler om støtte til politiske partier har de senere år været genstand for kritik fra international side. Europarådets Gruppe af Stater mod Korruption (GRECO) vedtog den 2. juli 2009 en rapport vedrørende de danske regler om gennemsigtighed inden for området for partistøtte og aflæggelse af partiregnskaber.
Herudover har Europa-Kommissionen den 3. februar 2014 udsendt en rapport om bekæmpelse af korruption i EU. Rapporten forholder sig kritisk til visse dele af den gældende danske ordning.
4. I internationalt regi er der opstillet forskellige retningslinjer med henblik på at sikre gennemsigtighed om politiske partiers finansieringskilder. Det kan bl.a. nævnes, at siden juli 2004 har europæiske politiske partier kunnet modtage et årligt tilskud fra Europa-Parlamentet, jf. Europa-Parlamentets og Rådets forordning nr. 2004 af 4. november 2003 om statut for og finansiering af politiske partier på europæisk plan. Forordningen, der blev ændret i 2007, indeholder ligeledes regler for privates bidrag til europæiske politiske partier. Forordningen er i øjeblikket under revision.
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<urn:uuid:94141318-c694-467c-bff1-9a5cb796a518>
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HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/dan_Latn/train
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finepdfs
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dan_Latn
| 9,219
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Landeselternrat Niedersachsen
Hannover 28.05.2020
Wo stehen unsere Kinder jetzt?
Für viele Erziehungsberechtigte ist die Art der Notenfindung nicht nachvollziehbar
Den Landeselternrat erreichen zunehmend Anfragen von besorgten Erziehungsberechtigten hinsichtlich der Art der Leistungsfeststellung und Notenfindung für das endende Schuljahr 2019/2020.
Grundsätzlich hat das Kultusministerium durch einen Erlass geregelt, dass die Notenfindung auf Basis der bis zum 15. April 2020 erbrachten Leistungen erfolgen sollte. Um die gleichen Voraussetzungen zur Bewertung für alle Schüler*innen zu gewährleisten, sollen die erbrachten Leistungen im Rahmen des „Homeschooling" nicht zur Notenfindung herangezogen werden. Nur Lerninhalte, die nachweislich im „Präsenzunterricht" nachbesprochen und aufbereitet wurden, dürfen zur Leistungsfeststellung genutzt werden.
Aufgrund der Rückmeldungen und Anfragen an den LER ist festzustellen, dass die Vorgaben aus den Sondererlassen und Regelungen unterschiedlich von den Schulen ausgelegt und umgesetzt werden. So wurden z.B. unmittelbar nach Wiederaufnahme des Unterrichtes Tests oder Klausuren auf der Basis der Aufgabenpakete aus dem „Homeschooling" geschrieben, ohne dass eine vorherige Nachbearbeitung der Themen stattgefunden hat. Weiterhin erhalten eine Vielzahl von Schüler*innen kein Feedback ihrer Lehrer*innen zu den eingereichten Aufgabenpaketen aus dem „Homeschooling", somit haben weder die Schüler*innen noch die Erziehungsberechtigten einen Überblick über den aktuellen Leistungsstand. Auch die mangelnde Lehrerpräsenz im „Homeschooling" z. B. durch Videokonferenzen wird beklagt.
Der LER stellt leider fest, dass zwar die Schulleitungen wöchentlich informiert werden, jedoch die Eltern zahlreiche Informationen nicht erhalten.
Der Landeselternrat fordert den Kultusminister deshalb wiederholt dazu auf, auch die Erziehungsberechtigten regelmäßig und ausführlich durch einen Elternbrief über die neuesten Regelungen und Sondererlasse im Verlauf der Pandemie zu unterrichten. So ist sichergestellt, dass auch wirklich alle Eltern informiert sind und sich dadurch weniger Unklarheiten bzw. Unsicherheiten aufbauen. Erst dadurch sind für die Eltern alle Rechte und Pflichten in dieser Ausnahmesituation erkennbar und nachvollziehbar und die Eltern werden seitens des Kultusministeriums berücksichtigt.
E-Mail geschaeftsstelle
@
Webseite www.ler-nds.de
ler-nds.de
N.N.
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<urn:uuid:aafacf96-df4e-4357-8636-2a5dab3dfd23>
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HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/deu_Latn/train
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finepdfs
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deu_Latn
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Dia de l'Auditor/a
Programa
10:00 - 10:45h L'ACTUALITAT DE L'AUDITORIA
* Ferran Rodríguez, president ICJCE
Ponents:
* Antoni Gómez, president CCJCC
DEBAT SOBRE LA MULTIDISCIPLINARIETAT I COM AFECTA A L'ORGANITZACIÓ DE LES FIRMES D'AUDITORIA
* José Antonio González, vicepresident 1r CCJCC
Modera:
Ponents:
* Mireia Oranias, sòcia PWC
* Xoan Jovaní, soci de Mazars
* Ramon Riera, soci Viraudit
PAUSA / CAFÈ
ÈTICA, VALORS I AUDITORIA
Modera:
* Joan Vall,secretari CCJCC
Ponents:
* Joan Fontrodona, professor d’ètica IESE
* Xavier Pujol, consell Directiu CCJCC
* M. Eugènia Bailach, sòcia AUREN
11:30 - 11:45h
11:45-12:30h
AMB LA COL·LABORACIÓ DE:
10:45-11:30h
4 DE NOVEMBRE DE 2021 SEU COL·LEGI
NOMENAMENT DE L'AUDITOR DISTINGIT 2020
RECONEIXEMENT ALS COL·LEGIATS
AMB 25 ANYS D'ANTIGUITAT
12:30 -12:45h
12:45 - 13:00h RECONEIXEMENT ALS COL·LEGIATS
AMB 25 ANYS D'ANTIGUITAT
CLAUSURA
* Antoni Gómez, president CCJCC
12:45 - 13:00h
13:00 - 13:10h
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<urn:uuid:b4ec1fbb-c774-4161-93fa-1b4ad09d5f9a>
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HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/cat_Latn/train
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finepdfs
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cat_Latn
| 977
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Tu sais ce qu’est la désertification ?
C’est le désert qui avance, non ?
Non, ça c’est une idée reçue… En réalité, la désertification, c’est la dégradation des terres !
Tout d’abord, il faut comprendre que la désertification concerne les endroits du monde où il ne pleut pas beaucoup, qui sont appelés les zones arides ou sèches. Et ça représente 41% des terres émergées !
Mais pourquoi la terre se dégrade-t-elle ?
Pour plusieurs raisons…
La dégradation des terres est causée par les activités humaines, comme les pratiques agricoles intensives ou peu adaptées aux sols pauvres et fragiles, ou encore le surpâturage.
La déforestation y contribue aussi, en exposant les sols au soleil, au vent et aux pluies, ce qui entraîne leur érosion.
Et du coup le sol perd sa fertilité et les végétaux ne peuvent plus repousser. C’est ça ?
Oui, c’est bien ça la désertification, et ses conséquences sont nombreuses.
Comme il y a de moins en moins de terres cultivables, la désertification est une cause de l’insécurité alimentaire, qui menace les populations de ces zones.
Mais alors il doit y avoir des conflits dans ces zones pour accéder aux terres qui ne sont pas encore dégradées ?
Oui, cela arrive de plus en plus. Les paysannes et paysans abandonnent leurs villages quand les terres sont trop dégradées pour chercher un travail dans les villes ou à l’étranger. Et sans entretien, les terres se dégradent encore plus vite !
Et puis la désertification n’est pas seulement un problème pour les populations des zones arides, elle a des conséquences sur l’environnement mondial...
... car la désertification est aussi une cause de la destruction de la biodiversité ! Les plantes et animaux ne peuvent plus vivre sur ces terres et disparaissent.
En ce moment on parle beaucoup de changements climatiques... la désertification y participe ?
Oui, les sols nus et pauvres en matière organique ne peuvent plus absorber le carbone contenu dans l’atmosphère qui est responsable de l’effet de serre.
Et les changements climatiques contribuent à la désertification, avec des pluies mal réparties, des sécheresses ou des inondations inattendues.
C’est super grave, il faut que tout le monde le sache !
Oui, d’ailleurs le 17 juin c’est la journée mondiale de lutte contre la désertification et la sécheresse ! Renseigne-toi auprès du CARI et du GTD !
www.cariassociation.org
CARI ONG
CARI_ONG
www.gtdesertification.org
GTD
Groupe Travail Désertification
GTDesertification
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f1a647d9-6a1e-4acb-9d35-5c3937e25629
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HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/fra_Latn/train
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finepdfs
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fra_Latn
| 2,477
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Effectiveness of 'motivational interviewing' on sick leave: a randomized controlled trial in a social insurance setting 1
by Lene Aasdahl, PhD, 2 Martin Inge Standal, PhD, Roger Hagen, PhD, Marit Solbjør, PhD, Gunnhild Bagøien, PhD, Heidi Fossen, Msc, Vegard Stolsmo Foldal, PhD, Johan Håkon Bjørngaard, PhD, Tarjei Rysstad, PhD, Margreth Grotle, PhD, Roar Johnsen, PhD,1 Egil A Fors, PhD
1. Supplementary material
2. Correspondence to: Lene Aasdahl, PhD, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Postboks 8905, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.[E-mail: email@example.com]
MI manual based on the main themes
Session 1:
* Introduction of session 1 from the interviewer – the frame of the conversation
* The interviewer adapt the intervention to the sick-listed`s stage of motivation for RTW
* Agenda mapping: the sick listed person (SLP) chooses theme(s) from a sheet for agenda mapping (e.g family, mental health, economy, etc.)
* Rating scale about the SLP`s importance of being able to work and follow-up questions
* The interviewer provides a summary of session 1 to the SLP
* Rating scale about the SLP `s confidence in being able to work and follow-up questions
Session 2:
* Introduction and summary of session 1 (previous conversation)
* Assess the SLP`s current work situation
* Introduction to session 2 from the interviewer
* Assess the SLP`s previous and / or possible work attempts
* Rating scale about the SLP`s confidence in being able to work and follow-up questions
* Information on possible contributions from the Norwegian Labour and Welfare Administration (NAV)
* Explore the SLP`s goals and values in life
* Summary of both session 1 and 2 with key questions
* Scaling of readiness for RTW and follow- up questions
* Intervention in the last part of the conversation adapted to the stage of motivation
* Thanking the participant for the conversation
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<urn:uuid:ef8b4a97-3729-4d46-b9fd-d4e165647899>
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HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/eng_Latn/train
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finepdfs
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eng_Latn
| 1,912
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Promised Land or Land of Broken Promises? Political Asylum in the United States
Davalene Cooper
*University of Kentucky*
Follow this and additional works at: [https://uknowledge.uky.edu/klj](https://uknowledge.uky.edu/klj)
Part of the Immigration Law Commons
Right click to open a feedback form in a new tab to let us know how this document benefits you.
**Recommended Citation**
Cooper, Davalene (1988) "Promised Land or Land of Broken Promises? Political Asylum in the United States," *Kentucky Law Journal*: Vol. 76: Iss. 4, Article 4.
Available at: [https://uknowledge.uky.edu/klj/vol76/iss4/4](https://uknowledge.uky.edu/klj/vol76/iss4/4)
This Note is brought to you for free and open access by the Law Journals at UKnowledge. It has been accepted for inclusion in Kentucky Law Journal by an authorized editor of UKnowledge. For more information, please contact firstname.lastname@example.org.
Promised Land or Land of Broken Promises? Political Asylum in the United States
*Give me your tired, your poor, Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free, The wretched refuse of your teeming shore, Send these, the homeless, tempest-tossed, to me: I lift my lamp beside the golden door*
INTRODUCTION
Many refugees¹ seek political asylum² in the United States.³ Although historically refugees have come from outside our hemisphere,⁴ the more recent influx of aliens claiming refugee status
---
* Inscription on the Pedestal of the Statue of Liberty in New York Harbor, written by Emma Lazarus.
¹ For a definition of refugee, see infra note 51 and accompanying text. Although figures vary, the number of refugees in the world is estimated to be between 11 and 13 million persons. M. LeMay, From Open Door to Dutch Door: An Analysis of U.S. Immigration Policy Since 1820 121 (1987) (worldwide refugee population estimated between 12 and 13 million); Statement by Secretary Schultz, Dep't St. Bull., Vol. 87, No. 2128, p. 47 (November 1987)(Secretary Schultz estimates worldwide refugee population to be over 11 million).
² Applications for political asylum are governed by 8 U.S.C. § 1158(a) (1982) and 8 C.F.R. § 208 (1987). For a discussion of the technical aspects of a request for political asylum, see infra notes 84-120 and accompanying text.
³ There were more than 16,622 applications for political asylum filed in 1985. Statistics Div., Immigration & Naturalization Serv (INS) asylum cases filed with district directors, table dated Oct. 23, 1985. In addition, 126,000 other applications were still pending at the end of Fiscal Year 1985. Preston, Asylum Adjudications: Do State Department Advisory Opinions Violate Refugees' Rights and U.S. International Obligations?, 45 Md. L. Rev 91 (1986). One of the reasons for the large number of pending applications is the inefficiency of the INS in processing applications. For example, in 1981, the INS decided 50 asylum requests, leaving a backlog in excess of 5000 cases. M. LeMay, supra note 1, at 132. For a discussion of these problems of the INS, see id. at 125-36. Prior to the enactment of the Refugee Act of 1980, there was no formal process for aliens in the United States to request political asylum. INS v. Cardoza-Fonseca, 107 S. Ct. 1207, 1211 n.4 (1987). One of the purposes of the 1980 Act was "to provide a permanent and systematic procedure for the admission to this country of refugees." Refugee Act of 1980, Pub. L. No. 96-212, 94 Stat. 102 (1980).
⁴ Kurzban, A Critical Analysis of Refugee Law, 36 U. Miami L. Rev 865, 867-69 (1981-82).
is from within the western hemisphere.\textsuperscript{5} This new development has caused a variety of problems, both legal\textsuperscript{6} and political,\textsuperscript{7} for the federal government.\textsuperscript{8}
Prior to the passage of the Refugee Act of 1980,\textsuperscript{9} attempts to deal with problems of refugees were made on an ad-hoc basis,\textsuperscript{10} the primary goal being to aid those fleeing from governments which the United States opposed.\textsuperscript{11} The major objective of the Refugee Act was to make asylum decisions on a politically neutral basis.\textsuperscript{12} This goal has not been reached, however, as asylum claims are still determined primarily by American political interests.\textsuperscript{13} For example, since 1980, aliens fleeing communist governments are still more likely to have their political asylum claims granted.\textsuperscript{14}
First, this Note examines the statutory\textsuperscript{15} and administrative\textsuperscript{16} framework for the processing of asylum claims. Then, the role of the judiciary in overseeing this process is discussed.\textsuperscript{17} Finally,
\textsuperscript{5} Preston, \textit{supra} note 3, at 120; see M. LeMay, \textit{supra} note 1, at 120-23.
\textsuperscript{6} \textit{Panel Discussion}, 36 U. MIAMI L. REV. 939, 941-68 (1981-82).
\textsuperscript{7} \textit{Id.}
\textsuperscript{8} One of the more publicized problems has been how to handle the existence of a sanctuary movement in the United States. Sanctuary workers aid illegal aliens fleeing from Central America. For a discussion of sanctuary, see generally Carro, \textit{Sanctuary: The Resurgence of an Age-Old Right or a Dangerous Misinterpretation of an Abandoned Ancient Privilege?}, 54 U. Cin. L. Rev. 747 (1986); Ryan, \textit{The Historical Case for the Right of Sanctuary}, 29 J. CHURCH & STATE 209 (1987); Zall, \textit{Asylum and Sanctuary: The American Dilemma}, A.B.A. J., Aug. 1, 1986, at 66.
\textsuperscript{9} Pub. L. No. 96-212, 94 Stat. 102 (1980) (codified as amended in scattered sections of 8 U.S.C.).
\textsuperscript{10} Scanlan, \textit{Immigration Law and the Illusion of Numerical Control}, 36 U. MIAMI L. REV. 819 (1981-82).
\textsuperscript{11} \textit{Id.} at 847.
\textsuperscript{12} Kurzban, \textit{supra} note 4, at 878. The legislative history of the Refugee Act did indicate, however, that the United States would be most concerned with refugees from countries where the United States had strong historical and cultural ties. This interest would continue in order to promote family reunions, respond to human rights, and fulfill foreign policy objectives. S. REP. No. 256, 96th Cong., 2d Sess. 6 (1980). This seems to indicate that members of Congress realized it would be impossible to totally eliminate foreign policy considerations in the asylum process.
\textsuperscript{13} Helton, \textit{Political Asylum Under the 1980 Refugee Act: An Unfulfilled Promise}, 17 U. MICH. J.L. REV. 243 (1983-84).
\textsuperscript{14} See infra notes 167-78 and accompanying text.
\textsuperscript{15} See infra notes 20-83 and accompanying text.
\textsuperscript{16} See infra notes 84-120 and accompanying text.
\textsuperscript{17} See infra notes 121-66 and accompanying text.
the Note concludes that the Refugee Act of 1980 has not succeeded in creating a politically neutral process for the granting of asylum claims.\textsuperscript{18} Changes are suggested which might effectuate this goal.\textsuperscript{19}
I. STATUTORY FRAMEWORK OF REFUGEE LAW
A. Refugee Law Prior to 1980
Historically, refugee law has been characterized by ad-hoc decision making.\textsuperscript{20} The admission of refugees into the United States traditionally has been dealt with through the political process.\textsuperscript{21} Early statutes clearly favored refugees from communist countries.\textsuperscript{22} Prior to the Refugee Act of 1980,\textsuperscript{23} American refugee law reflected a concern with political ideology rather than humanity.\textsuperscript{24}
Several early statutes specifically referred to political ideology.\textsuperscript{25} For example, the purpose of the Displaced Persons Act of 1948\textsuperscript{26} was to aid persons "fleeing Fascist or Soviet persecution."\textsuperscript{27} In addition, the Refugee Relief Act of 1953\textsuperscript{28} served to
\textsuperscript{18} See infra notes 167-93 and accompanying text.
\textsuperscript{19} See infra notes 194-200 and accompanying text.
\textsuperscript{20} Scanlan, supra note 10, at 847.
\textsuperscript{21} Kurzban, supra note 4, at 867-78. In particular, under section 212(d)(5) of the Immigration & Nationality Act of 1952, the Attorney General could permit aliens to be paroled into the United States. 8 U.S.C. § 1182(d)(5) (1982). This section was amended in 1980 by adding a new section to reflect changes brought by the Refugee Act of 1980. For the text of the current statute, see infra note 33.
\textsuperscript{22} Kurzban, supra note 4 at 867-68.
\textsuperscript{23} Pub. L. No. 96-212, 94 Stat. 102 (1980) (codified as amended in scattered sections of 8 U.S.C.).
\textsuperscript{24} See generally Helton, supra note 13; Kurzban, supra note 4; Posner, Comments and Recommendations on Proposed Reforms to United States Immigration Policy, 36 U. MIAMI L. REV 883 (1981-82); Preston, supra note 3, at 91-95; Scanlan, supra note 10.
\textsuperscript{25} See Displaced Persons Act of 1948, ch. 647, 62 Stat. 1009 (1948), as amended by Act of June 16, 1950, ch. 262, 64 Stat. 219 (1950); Act of June 28, 1951, ch. 167, 65 Stat. 96 (1951) (repealed 1957); Refugee Relief Act of 1953, ch. 336, 67 Stat. 400 (1953), as amended by Act of Aug. 31, 1954, ch. 1169, 68 Stat. 1044 (1954); 8 U.S.C. § 1153(a)(7) (1980).
\textsuperscript{26} Ch. 647, 62 Stat. 1009 (1948), as amended by Act of June 16, 1950, ch. 262, 64 Stat. 219 (1950); Act of June 28, 1951, ch. 167, 65 Stat. 96 (1951) (repealed 1957).
\textsuperscript{27} Kurzban, supra note 4, at 868.
\textsuperscript{28} Ch. 336, 67 Stat. 400 (1953), as amended by Act of Aug. 31, 1954, ch. 1169, 68 Stat. 1044 (1954).
"expedite the admission of refugees" from communist countries.\textsuperscript{29} In 1952, "refugee" was defined to explicitly include people fleeing communist regimes.\textsuperscript{30} This preference continued throughout later amendments.\textsuperscript{31}
Ideological preferences were illustrated by three methods used to admit refugees or to allow refugees to remain in the United States: parole, withholding of deportation, and political asylum.\textsuperscript{32} The parole authority\textsuperscript{33} allows presidents to permit large numbers of aliens into the United States.\textsuperscript{34} For example, this power was used to admit 31,000 Hungarian refugees in 1956 and 1957,\textsuperscript{35} 690,000 Cuban refugees between 1962 and 1979,\textsuperscript{36} and more than 200,000 refugees from Indo-China between 1975 and 1979.\textsuperscript{37} As a general rule, however, presidents have not used the parole power to admit refugees from nations with close ties to the United States.\textsuperscript{38}
\textsuperscript{29} Kurzban, \textit{supra} note 4, at 868. The statute provided: "[T]he term 'refugee-escapee' means any alien who, because of persecution or fear of persecution on account of race, religion, or political opinion has fled or shall flee (A) from any Communist, Communist-dominated, or Communist-occupied area." \textit{Id.} at 868 n.22 (quoting 8 U.S.C. at § 1153(a)(7) (1980)).
\textsuperscript{30} \textit{Id.} at 869.
\textsuperscript{31} \textit{Id.}
\textsuperscript{32} 8 U.S.C. § 1182(d)(5)(A)-(B) (1982) (parole); \textit{Id.} at § 1253(h)(1)-(2) (withholding deportation); Pub. L. No. 96-212 (political asylum).
\textsuperscript{33} (5)(A) The Attorney General may, except as provided in subparagraph (B), in his discretion parole into the United States temporarily under such conditions as he may prescribe for emergent reasons or for reasons deemed strictly in the public interest any alien applying for admission to the United States, but such parole of such alien shall not be regarded as an admission of the alien and when the purposes of such parole shall, in the opinion of the Attorney General, have been served the alien shall forthwith return or be returned to the custody from which he was paroled and thereafter his case shall continue to be dealt with in the same manner as that of any other applicant for admission to the United States.
(B) The Attorney General may not parole into the United States an alien who is a refugee unless the Attorney General determines that compelling reasons in the public interest with respect to that particular alien require that the alien be paroled into the United States rather than be admitted as a refugee under section 1157 of this title.
8 U.S.C. at § 1182(d)(5)(A)-(B).
\textsuperscript{34} Kurzban, \textit{supra} note 4, at 870-71.
\textsuperscript{35} \textit{Id.} at 871.
\textsuperscript{36} \textit{Id.} An additional 124,786 Cubans came from Mariel in 1980, and most of them were admitted under the parole authority. \textit{Id.} at 871 n.32.
\textsuperscript{37} \textit{Id.} at 872.
\textsuperscript{38} \textit{Id.}
The criteria for withholding deportation has broadened over time.\textsuperscript{39} Originally, deportation was withheld only if the alien would be subjected to “physical persecution” upon returning to his or her homeland.\textsuperscript{40} The standard was later broadened to include “persecution on account of race, religion, or political opinion,”\textsuperscript{41} and was further expanded by the Refugee Act of 1980.\textsuperscript{42}
Prior to the Refugee Act of 1980, political asylum was an informal and ad-hoc process,\textsuperscript{43} existing only in the administrative regulations of the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS).\textsuperscript{44} The Refugee Act of 1980 formalized and structured the process of granting asylum.\textsuperscript{45}
B. \textit{The Refugee Act of 1980}\textsuperscript{46}
The purpose of the Refugee Act of 1980 was to fulfill obligations under international law\textsuperscript{47} by making domestic law con-
\textsuperscript{39} The current version of the statute regarding deportation reads as follows:
(h) Withholding of deportation or return
(1) The Attorney General shall not deport or return any alien (other than an alien described in section 1251(a)(19) of this title) to a country if the Attorney General determines that such alien’s life or freedom would be threatened in such country on account of race, religion, nationality, membership in a particular social group, or political opinion.
(2) Paragraph (1) shall not apply to any alien if the Attorney General determines that—
(A) the alien ordered, incited, assisted, or otherwise participated in the persecution of any person on account of race, religion, nationality, membership in a particular social group, or political opinion;
(B) the alien, having been convicted by a final judgment of a particularly serious crime, constitutes a danger to the community of the United States;
(C) there are serious reasons for considering that the alien has committed a serious nonpolitical crime outside the United States prior to the arrival of the alien in the United States; or
(D) there are reasonable grounds for regarding the alien as a danger to the security of the United States.
\textsuperscript{40} Kurzban, \textit{supra} note 4, at 873.
\textsuperscript{41} \textit{Id.} at 874.
\textsuperscript{42} See \textit{infra} notes 46-67 and accompanying text.
\textsuperscript{43} Kurzban, \textit{supra} note 4, at 875 n.61.
\textsuperscript{44} \textit{Id.} at 875.
\textsuperscript{45} See \textit{infra} note 62 and accompanying text.
\textsuperscript{46} Pub. L. No. 96-212.
\textsuperscript{47} Senate Report No. 96-256 stated the new refugee definitions brought U.S. law
sistent with the United Nations Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees.\textsuperscript{48} In 1968 the United States agreed to this Protocol, which bound the parties to certain provisions of the United Nations Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees.\textsuperscript{49} The most important provision in the Protocol is the definition of a refugee,\textsuperscript{50} Refugee is defined as an individual who
[o]wing to a well-founded fear of being persecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group or political opinion, is outside the country of his nationality and is unable or, owing to such fear, is unwilling to avail himself of the protection of that country; or who, not having a nationality and being outside the country of his former habitual residence, is unable or, owing to such fear, is unwilling to return to it.\textsuperscript{51}
When the United States agreed to the above Protocol, the President and the Senate apparently thought there was no need to change existing law to be consistent with this definition of refugee.\textsuperscript{52} At most, it was thought that any necessary modifications could be made through the administration of refugee claims by the Attorney General.\textsuperscript{53} Commentators have argued that the United States did not understand the effect of this new definition of refugee.\textsuperscript{54} As one commentator has stated:
It took years for the United States to realize the effect of this new definition. Between 1968 and 1980, the immigration laws were in disarray. For example, in the early 1970's a Lithuanian seaman named Simar Kudirka jumped off a Soviet trawler and was plucked from the sea by either the United States Coast Guard or Navy. Not knowing what to do with him, the rescuers
\textsuperscript{48} Jan. 31, 1967, 19 U.S.T. 6223, T.I.A.S. No. 6577, 606 U.N.T.S. 267.
\textsuperscript{49} The United States was not a signatory to the Convention. INS v. Stevic, 467 U.S. 407, 416 n.9 (1984).
\textsuperscript{50} Helton, \textit{supra} note 13, at 250-51.
\textsuperscript{51} This definition is in article I.2 of the Protocol.
\textsuperscript{52} Stevic, 467 U.S. at 417 (The President and Senate believed the protocol was largely consistent with existing law.).
\textsuperscript{53} \textit{Id.} at 417-18.
\textsuperscript{54} See, e.g., Posner, \textit{supra} note 24, at 884.
informed Washington that Mr. Kudirka was saying something about asylum. They must have contacted someone at the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) which, at the time, had neither procedures nor forms for asylum requests. Nobody knew how to deal with Mr. Kudirka's asylum request, so the United States sent him back to the Soviet Union. The Soviets, in turn, sent Mr. Kudirka to Siberia.
Members of Congress were disturbed about this incident\textsuperscript{55} and demanded that the United States create an asylum procedure. So the Immigration and Naturalization Service created a form, number I-589. But between 1971, when Kudirka was sent back to the Soviet Union, and 1980, when the Refugee Act of 1980 was passed, no one quite knew what to do with the form. The INS promulgated some regulations, but nothing in the immigration laws addressed asylum.\textsuperscript{56} Finally, members of Congress, disillusioned with the ability of the INS and the Justice Department to fulfill the spirit of the Protocol,\textsuperscript{57} enacted the Refugee Act of 1980.\textsuperscript{58}
Motivated by humanitarian concerns,\textsuperscript{59} Congress liberalized the definition of refugee.\textsuperscript{60} A refugee was defined as one who was unable or unwilling to return to his or her country "because of persecution or a well-founded fear of persecution on account of race, religion, nationality, membership in a particular social group, or political opinion."\textsuperscript{61}
The procedure for resolving asylum claims was also established in the 1980 Act, which gives the Attorney General the power to establish a procedure for aliens to apply for asylum. The Attorney General is authorized to grant asylum, in his or
\textsuperscript{55} Many commentators state this incident led members of Congress to be more concerned with the actions of the INS. See, e.g., Preston, \textit{supra} note 3, at 98-99.
\textsuperscript{56} Posner, \textit{supra} note 24, at 884-85.
\textsuperscript{57} Helton, \textit{supra} note 13, at 249-50.
\textsuperscript{58} \textit{Id}. The Senate Report on the Refugee Act of 1980 stated the new law was to "give[ ] statutory meaning to our national commitment to human rights and humanitarian concerns." S. REP. No. 256, 96th Cong., 2d Sess. at 1-3.
\textsuperscript{59} Scanlan, \textit{supra} note 10, at 855; see S. REP. No. 256, 96th Cong., 2d Sess. at 1-3.
\textsuperscript{60} Scanlan, \textit{supra} note 10, at 853 n.146.
\textsuperscript{61} 8 U.S.C. § 1101(a)(42)(A) (1982). This definition conforms to the language in article 1.2 of the Protocol. \textit{See supra} note 51 and accompanying text.
her discretion, if the alien meets the new definition of a refugee.\textsuperscript{62} The 1980 Act also amended the Attorney General's authority to withhold deportation under section 243(h) of the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952.\textsuperscript{63} This amendment removed the Attorney General's discretion in deciding whether to withhold deportation, and required the Attorney General not to deport or return any alien if that alien's life or freedom would be threatened on "account of race, religion, nationality, membership in a particular social group, or political opinion."\textsuperscript{64} The amendment was also passed in order to comply with United States Protocol obligations requiring a state not to expel or return a refugee when his or her life or freedom would be endangered on grounds stated in the amendment.\textsuperscript{65}
Although Congress clearly intended the Refugee Act of 1980 to remove the ideological bias in admitting refugees,\textsuperscript{66} the Act did not define the standard for determining refugee admission.\textsuperscript{67} As a result, there has been a continuing controversy over the proper standard for processing claims under section 208(a)\textsuperscript{68} and section 243(h).\textsuperscript{69} Some commentators believe this omission allowed what was to be a neutral process to be subverted into a process dominated by political and ideological biases.\textsuperscript{70}
The INS believed that there was no difference between the standard to be used for processing asylum claims and requests for the withholding of deportation.\textsuperscript{71} The INS adopted a standard that required the refugee, in either case, to prove a "clear probability of persecution."\textsuperscript{72} It was apparent, however, that
\textsuperscript{62} 8 U.S.C. § 1158(a) (1982).
\textsuperscript{63} Id. at § 1253(h). The earlier statute had stated the Attorney General could withhold deportation if the alien would be "subject to persecution on account of race, religion, or political opinion and for such period of time as he deems to be necessary for such reason." Id. at § 1253 (1976 & Supp. 1981).
\textsuperscript{64} This broadens the reasons for withholding deportation.
\textsuperscript{65} 19 U.S.T. at 6276; see Stevic, 467 U.S. at 416-17
\textsuperscript{66} Kurzban, supra note 4, at 867
\textsuperscript{67} Id.
\textsuperscript{68} This section contains the definition of refugee embodied in 8 U.S.C. at § 1101(a)(42)(A).
\textsuperscript{69} This section is the withholding of deportation provision codified at id. at § 1253(h).
\textsuperscript{70} See generally Kurzban, supra note 4; Preston, supra note 3.
\textsuperscript{71} Cardoza-Fonseca v. INS, 767 F.2d 1448, 1451 (9th cir. 1985), aff'd, 107 S. Ct. 1207 (1987).
\textsuperscript{72} Stevic, 467 U.S. at 424.
this standard was more lenient in some cases than in others.\textsuperscript{73} Over time, courts began to oversee the process, and the standard began to change. Two standards eventually emerged, one applicable to each process.\textsuperscript{74} Claims under section 243(h) (withholding deportation) were determined by a “clear probability of persecution”\textsuperscript{75} while requests under section 208(a) (political asylum) were governed by a “well-founded fear of persecution.”\textsuperscript{76} The courts of appeal were divided over this issue,\textsuperscript{77} however, and confusion regarding the appropriate standard to be applied resulted.\textsuperscript{78} The Supreme Court has attempted to resolve this confusion,\textsuperscript{79} although some controversy continues.\textsuperscript{80} The Court held the “well-founded fear” standard applies to section 208 proceedings\textsuperscript{81} while the “clear probability” standard applies to section 243(h) proceedings.\textsuperscript{82}
II. Administrative Procedures for Political Asylum Claims
The procedures for processing political asylum claims are contained in 8 C.F.R. § 208.\textsuperscript{83} The political asylum application,
\textsuperscript{73} See infra note 99 and accompanying text.
\textsuperscript{74} Helton, supra note 13, at 252-53.
\textsuperscript{75} The clear probability standard was very difficult to meet. One district director was quoted as saying, “If we use [it] all the time, no one would be given asylum.” Id. at 253. Another INS official gave an example of a claim that was denied under the standard:
The claimant said his father was murdered. He had a newspaper article showing a picture of someone he said was his father and two other men in Iran being lynched. But I don’t know if it’s his father. He’s also got an affidavit from a friend who was present describing the executions. But the friend could be lying.
Id.
\textsuperscript{76} Vides-Vides v. INS, 783 F.2d 1463, 1469 (9th Cir. 1986) (Well-founded fear standard has both an objective and a subjective part—the alien’s fear must be justified, and persecution must be a reasonable possibility.).
\textsuperscript{77} INS v. Cardoza-Fonseca, 107 S. Ct. 1207, 1210 (1987); Stevic, 467 U.S. at 413. The Court stated in both of these cases that it granted certiorari to resolve the conflict between the circuit courts on these issues.
\textsuperscript{78} Cardoza-Fonseca, 107 S. Ct. at 1210.
\textsuperscript{79} Id. at 1222.
\textsuperscript{80} See infra notes 138-42 and accompanying text.
\textsuperscript{81} Cardoza-Fonseca, 107 S. Ct. at 1211-22.
\textsuperscript{82} Stevic, 467 U.S. at 413-30.
\textsuperscript{83} These regulations are pursuant to 8 U.S.C. § 1158(a) (1982). The INS recently
made on Form I-589, may include the applicant, as well as the applicant's spouse and children. The application is made either to an INS district director or to an immigration judge if exclusion or deportation proceedings have begun. Requests for political asylum made to an immigration judge are also considered to be requests for the withholding of exclusion or deportation under section 243(h).
The applicant has the burden of proving either persecution or a well-founded fear of persecution because of "race, religion, nationality, membership in a particular social group, or political opinion." The regulation does not distinguish standards for claims under section 243(h) and section 208(a).
When application for political asylum is made to the district director, the applicant must request an advisory opinion from the State Department's Bureau of Human Rights and Humanitarian Affairs (BHRHA). There is continuing controversy over the role of these opinions in granting political asylum. Many commentators argue that the opinions allow the State Department to subvert the neutral principles behind the Refugee Act of 1980. Arthur C. Helton, Director of the Political Asylum Project for the Lawyer's Committee for International Human Rights, argues that aliens fleeing from communist countries are far more likely to be granted asylum than those fleeing from regimes supported by the United States—"irrespective of their
proposed new regulations which would take immigration judges out of the political asylum process. After significant opposition to these proposed regulations, they were withdrawn, and the INS is redrafting new proposed regulations. For a discussion of these proposed regulations, see Helton, Proposed Regulations on Asylum: An Improvement or Retrogression, Nat'L L.J. Feb. 8, 1988, at 18 (Helton also argues asylum claims should be removed from the INS and given to a separate agency.).
8 C.F.R. § 208.2 (1987).
Id.
Id. at § 208.3(a).
Id. at § 208.3(b).
Id.
For a discussion of the two standards, see infra notes 123-62 and accompanying text.
8 C.F.R. at § 208.5.
Id.
Id. at § 208.7.
See, e.g., Preston, supra note 3.
See infra notes 167-78 and accompanying text.
human rights records." Helton, quoting from an internal INS report which substantiates the importance of the State Department in these decisions, states:
In some cases, different levels of proof are required of different asylum applicants. In other words, certain nationalities appear to benefit from presumptive status, while others do not. For example, for an El Salvadoran national to receive a favorable advisory opinion, he or she must have a "classic textbook case." On the other hand [the State Department] sometimes recommends favorable action where the applicant cannot meet the individual well-founded fear of persecution test. This happened in December 1981 a week after martial law was declared in Poland. Seven Polish crewmen jumped ship and applied for asylum in Alaska. Even before seeing the asylum applications, a State Department official said "We're going to approve them." All the applications, in the view of the INS senior officials, were extremely weak. In one instance, the crewman said the reason he feared returning to Poland was that he had once attended a Solidarity rally (he was one of the more than 100,000 participants at the rally). The crewman had never been a member of Solidarity, never participated in any political activity, etc. His claim was approved within 48 hours.
Other commentators argue, however, that the State Department is better equipped to evaluate an alien's request for asylum since the Department is most aware of the political and social events taking place in any given country. Rudolph W. Giuliani argues that the State Department serves as the "eyes and ears [of the United States] in the rest of the world." Consequently, the BHRHA report must be carefully considered in asylum cases. Regardless of whether it should be, the State Department is involved in this process. The district director will not make a decision until he or she has received the BHRHA report.
---
95 Helton, supra note 13, at 253-54.
96 Id.
97 Id. at 254 (quoting Immigration and Naturalization Service, Asylum Adjudications: An Evolving Concept and Responsibility for the INS, 59n (1982)).
98 Panel Discussion, supra note 6, at 939.
99 Id.
100 Id.
The district director has the discretion either to grant or to deny a request for asylum.\textsuperscript{101} The decision, which must be in writing,\textsuperscript{102} may not be appealed.\textsuperscript{103} If the decision is based upon the BHRHA opinion, however, that opinion, unless classified,\textsuperscript{104} becomes part of the record. The applicant then has an opportunity to “inspect, explain, and rebut the opinion.”\textsuperscript{105} Asylum is granted for a period of one year.\textsuperscript{106} If the application for asylum is denied,\textsuperscript{107} the alien may renew the request “before an immigration judge in exclusion or deportation proceedings.”\textsuperscript{108}
Asylum requests before an immigration judge, also made on Form I-589, are processed in almost the same way as those before the district director. The judge must also request a BHRHA opinion,\textsuperscript{109} unless such an opinion was already requested and received in an earlier proceeding.\textsuperscript{110} The judge may request a second opinion, however, when circumstances in the specific country have substantially changed and when the second opinion would “materially aid” the decision-making process.\textsuperscript{111}
Evidence may be presented to the judge by both parties.\textsuperscript{112} The INS may present classified evidence off the record.\textsuperscript{113} The applicant must be informed of the character of this evidence,\textsuperscript{114} and the judge may disclose this evidence to a limited degree.\textsuperscript{115} The judge’s decision to grant or deny asylum\textsuperscript{116} may be appealed
\begin{itemize}
\item \textsuperscript{101} 8 C.F.R. at § 208.8(a).
\item \textsuperscript{102} Id. at § 208.8(b).
\item \textsuperscript{103} Id. at § 208.8(c).
\item \textsuperscript{104} Id. at § 208.8(d).
\item \textsuperscript{105} Id.
\item \textsuperscript{106} Id. at § 208.8(e). After this one year, the applicant may apply and qualify for permanent residence status under id. at § 209.2. Asylum can also be terminated under id. at § 208.15: if conditions have changed in the applicant’s homeland, if the applicant poses a threat to United States security, or if the applicant was not eligible for asylum in the prior proceeding.
\item \textsuperscript{107} Id. at § 208.8(f).
\item \textsuperscript{108} Id. at § 208.9.
\item \textsuperscript{109} Id. at § 208.10(b).
\item \textsuperscript{110} Id.
\item \textsuperscript{111} Id.
\item \textsuperscript{112} Id. at § 208.10(c).
\item \textsuperscript{113} Id.
\item \textsuperscript{114} The applicant must be told if the evidence relates to the “political, social, or other conditions” of a country or if the evidence relates to the individual applicant. Id.
\item \textsuperscript{115} Id. at § 208.10(d).
\item \textsuperscript{116} If granted asylum, the applicant may eventually qualify for permanent status under id. at § 209.2.
\end{itemize}
to the appropriate court of appeal.\textsuperscript{117} Such an appeal, however, is taken under traditional administrative law procedures.\textsuperscript{118}
III. Judicial Oversight of the Procedure for Political Asylum
The major controversy in asylum cases based on section 208(a), and in the withholding of deportation cases based on section 243(h), has been the appropriate standard for determining the merits of the claims. Although this controversy existed prior to the passage of the Refugee Act of 1980,\textsuperscript{119} it was limited to determining the appropriate standard for section 243(h) claims.\textsuperscript{120} Since 1980, however, two additional issues have emerged. First, what is the standard for section 208(a) claims?; and second, did the Refugee Act of 1980 change the standard of review for section 243(h) claims? It is necessary to examine each of these standards separately, and then determine whether the two standards are meaningfully different.
A. The Well-Founded Fear of Persecution Standard in Section 208(a)
The "well-founded fear" standard emerges from the definition of a refugee,\textsuperscript{121} which requires an alien claiming refugee status to be unwilling to return to his or her homeland because of persecution or a well-founded fear of persecution. "Fear of persecution" appears to require a subjective test—the refugee must be actually afraid that he or she will be persecuted upon returning home.\textsuperscript{122} "Well-founded fear," however, appears to
\textsuperscript{117} Before an appeal is made to the court of appeals, there is an administrative appeal before the Board of Immigration Appeals. \textit{Id.} at §§ 3.0-.8.
\textsuperscript{118} See, e.g., Shahandeh-Pey v. INS, 831 F.2d 1384 (7th Cir. 1987). The Court held it was required to reverse the Board's decision if the decision was "arbitrary, capricious, or an abuse of discretion." \textit{Id.} at 1387. The Board's action is to be upheld unless "it was made without a rational explanation, inexplicably departed from established policies, or resulted from an impermissible bias such as invidious discrimination against a particular race or group." \textit{Id.} (quoting Achacoso-Sanchez v. INS, 779 F.2d 1260, 1265-66 (7th Cir. 1985)).
\textsuperscript{119} INS v. Stevic, 467 U.S. 407, 415-20 (1984).
\textsuperscript{120} \textit{Id.} at 416-20.
\textsuperscript{121} 8 U.S.C. § 1101(a)(42)(A) (1987).
\textsuperscript{122} Vides-Vides v. INS, 783 F.2d 1463, 1469 (9th Cir. 1986).
require an objective test—the alien’s fear must be reasonable.\textsuperscript{123}
The United States Supreme Court considered the above issue in \textit{INS v Cardoza-Fonseca}.\textsuperscript{124} Luz Marina Cardoza-Fonseca, a citizen of Nicaragua, came to the United States as a visitor in 1979. The INS began deportation proceedings against her when she overstayed her visit and refused to depart voluntarily.\textsuperscript{125} Conceding she was an illegal alien, Cardoza-Fonseca requested relief under section 208(a) and section 243(h), alleging she would be persecuted and her life would be threatened if she were returned to Nicaragua. Her claim was primarily based upon the activities of her brother, who had been tortured and imprisoned in Nicaragua because of his political views. Since the Sandinistas\textsuperscript{126} knew that she and her brother had fled together, Cardoza-Fonseca feared she would be tortured and interrogated as to her brother’s whereabouts if she returned to Nicaragua. She did admit, however, that she had never been politically active herself.\textsuperscript{127}
The immigration judge found Cardoza-Fonseca had not shown a clear probability of persecution, and, therefore, was not entitled to relief under either section 208(a) or section 243(h). The Board of Immigration Appeals affirmed. The United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit reversed, finding these two sections were governed by different standards and the immigration judge had been mistaken in evaluating both claims under the “clear probability” standard.\textsuperscript{128} The Supreme Court affirmed, finding the section 243(h) standard does not govern asylum claims under section 208(a).\textsuperscript{129}
\textsuperscript{123} \textit{Id.}
\textsuperscript{124} 107 S. Ct. 1207 (1987).
\textsuperscript{125} Voluntary departure is governed by 8 U.S.C. § 1254(e) (1982).
\textsuperscript{126} The Nicaraguans who overthrew the Somoza regime in 1979 were members of the Sandinista National Liberation Front (FSLN). Their name is in honor of Augusto Ce’sar Sandino, who led a guerrilla movement against United States Marines from 1927 until 1933 when the troops were withdrawn from Nicaragua. Sandino was assassinated in 1934. For a discussion of the Sandinistas, see O’Brien, \textit{God and Man in Nicaragua}, 258-2 \textit{The Atlantic Monthly} 50 (1986); Kornbluh, \textit{Sandino’s Legacy, reprinted in Unitarian Universalist Service Committee, A Journey to Understanding} 183 (rev. ed. 1987).
\textsuperscript{127} \textit{Cardoza-Fonseca}, 107 S. Ct. at 1209-10.
\textsuperscript{128} \textit{Cardoza-Fonseca v. INS}, 767 F.2d 1448, 1453-54 (9th Cir. 1985), \textit{aff’d}, 107 S. Ct. 1207 (1987).
\textsuperscript{129} \textit{Cardoza-Fonseca}, 107 S. Ct. at 1212-13.
The majority opinion, written by Justice Stevens,\textsuperscript{130} found that Congress intended the two proceedings to be governed by different standards,\textsuperscript{131} and that the clear meaning of the statutory language in section 208(a) is that the “well-founded fear of persecution” standard applies.\textsuperscript{132} Contrasting the language of section 208(a) with section 243(h), Justice Stevens wrote:
The “would be threatened” language of § 243(h) has no subjective component, but instead requires the alien to establish by objective evidence that it is more likely than not that he or she will be subject to persecution upon deportation. In contrast, the reference to “fear” in the § 208(a) standard obviously makes the eligibility determination turn to some extent on the subjective mental state of the alien.
The different emphasis of the two standards is significantly highlighted by the fact that the same Congress simultaneously drafted § 208(a) and amended § 243(h). In doing so, Congress chose to maintain the old standard in § 243(h), but to incorporate a different standard in § 208(a).\textsuperscript{133}
The majority also found the legislative history of section 208(a) to support the application of two different standards.\textsuperscript{134} The additional arguments offered by the government were found to be unpersuasive.\textsuperscript{135}
Justice Powell dissented,\textsuperscript{136} finding that there was no practical distinction between the above two standards.\textsuperscript{137}
\textsuperscript{130} The opinion was joined by Justices Brennan, Marshall, Blackmun, and O’Connor.
\textsuperscript{131} \textit{Cardoza-Fonseca}, 107 S. Ct. at 1213.
\textsuperscript{132} \textit{Id.} at 1222.
\textsuperscript{133} \textit{Id.} at 1212-13.
\textsuperscript{134} \textit{Id.} at 1213-19.
\textsuperscript{135} The Government had argued that the structure of the Act required a decision in its favor since it did not make sense that section 208(a), which provides greater benefits than section 243(h), would have a lower standard. The Court stated this argument failed because an alien who meets the standard in section 208(a) merely qualifies for a possible exercise of the Attorney General’s discretion in granting asylum. An alien who meets the section 243(h) standard, however, is automatically entitled to the withholding of deportation. \textit{Id.} at 1219. The Government also argued that BIA’s construction that the two standards were identical was entitled to substantial deference. The Court rejected this argument, finding this issue was one of pure statutory construction. \textit{Id.} at 1220-21.
\textsuperscript{136} Justice White and Chief Justice Rehnquist joined in the dissent.
\textsuperscript{137} \textit{Cardoza-Fonseca}, 107 S. Ct. at 1225-26 (Powell, J., dissenting).
accepted the argument of the Board of Immigration Appeals (BIA) that:
One might conclude that a "well-founded fear of persecution," which requires a showing that persecution is likely to occur, refers to a standard that is different from "a clear probability of persecution," which requires a showing that persecution is "more likely than not" to occur. As a practical matter, however, the facts in asylum and withholding cases do not produce clear-cut instances in which such fine distinctions can be meaningfully made. Our inquiry in these cases, after all, is not quantitative, i.e., we do not examine a variety of statistics to discern to some theoretical degree the likelihood of persecution. Rather our inquiry is qualitative: we examine the alien's experiences and other external events to determine if they are of the kind that enable us to conclude the alien is likely to become the victim of persecution. In this context, we find no meaningful distinction between a standard requiring a showing that persecution is likely to occur and a standard requiring that persecution is more likely than not to occur. Accordingly, we conclude that the standards for asylum and withholding of deportation are not meaningfully different, and, in practical application, converge.\(^{138}\)
Justice Powell argued that if an alien could establish a basis for his or her fear of persecution, he or she would usually be eligible for relief under either statute.\(^{139}\) Justice Powell believed the majority erred in not understanding that the "well-founded" language clearly required objective support of the alien's fear.\(^{140}\)
Nevertheless, according to the *Cardoza-Fonseca* decision, it is clear that the standard required for determining claims for political asylum under section 208(a) is different from the standard under section 243(h). The Court did not clearly articulate how the section 208(a) standard is met, except that the "alien need not prove that it is more likely than not that he or she will be persecuted in his or her home country."\(^{141}\) The Court found
\(^{138}\) *Id.* at 1226-27 (quoting *In re Acosta*, Interim Decision # 2986 (BIA Mar. 1, 1985)).
\(^{139}\) *Id.* at 1227.
\(^{140}\) *Id.* at 1227-28.
\(^{141}\) *Id.* at 1222.
the standard could only be given meaning through a "case by case adjudication."142 Apparently disturbed by the majority's approach, Justice Blackmun wrote a concurring opinion which addressed the appropriate sources for determining the standard.143 He argued that the agency should engage in "an examination of the subjective feelings of an applicant for asylum coupled with an inquiry into the objective nature of the articulated reasons for the fear."144 Of course, once the applicant has met the lower standard of a well-founded fear of persecution, he or she is only entitled to consideration for political asylum by the Attorney General. In contrast, a favorable determination under section 243(h) entitles the alien to remain in the United States.145
B. The Clear Probability of Persecution Standard Under Section 243(h)
Prior to the United States' consent to the United Nations Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees,146 there was no doubt that the standard governing whether an alien was eligible for the withholding of deportation was a "clear probability of persecution."147 After the Protocol,148 and particularly after the passage of the Refugee Act of 1980, there was debate over whether the clear probability standard was still applicable.149 In INS v Stevic,150 the Supreme Court unanimously held "the 'clear probability of persecution' standard remains applicable to § 243(h) withholding of deportation claims."151
Predrag Stevic, a citizen of Yugoslavia, entered the United States in 1976 to visit his sister.152 Deportation proceedings began after Stevic overstayed his visa. In December 1976, Stevic con-
---
142 Id. at 1221.
143 Id. at 1223 (Blackmun, J., concurring).
144 Id. at 1223.
145 8 U.S.C. § 1253(h) (1982).
146 19 U.S.T. 6223, T.I.A.S. No. 6577
147 Stevic, 467 U.S. at 414-15.
148 19 U.S.T. 6223.
149 Id. at 421-28.
150 467 U.S. 407 (1984).
151 Id. at 430.
152 Id. at 409-10.
sented to voluntary departure within sixty days. In January 1977, Stevic married an American citizen. His new wife filed a petition for a visa which was approved. Five days after the marriage, Mrs. Stevic was killed in an automobile accident and the visa petition was automatically revoked. After being ordered to surrender for deportation, Stevic moved to reopen the deportation proceedings under section 243(h), stating that he had a well-founded fear of persecution if he were returned to his homeland.\textsuperscript{153} The immigration judge denied the motion. The Board of Immigration Appeals affirmed, finding that Stevic’s claim failed to demonstrate a clear probability of persecution.\textsuperscript{154}
The Supreme Court found the statutory language of section 243(h) did not specify how great the possibility of persecution must be to qualify for the withholding of deportation.\textsuperscript{155} Given the “would” language of the statute, however, the Court inferred that at least a likelihood of persecution was required.\textsuperscript{156} The Court also noted that section 243(h) did not refer to refugees in its text or amended text and did not contain the “well-founded fear” language of section 208(a).\textsuperscript{157} Consequently, the well-founded fear of persecution standard is not applicable to a claim under section 243(h). The question under this statute, the Court stated, is whether “it is more likely than not that the alien would be subject to persecution.”\textsuperscript{158}
Therefore, it is now settled that the section 243(h) clear probability of persecution standard is a higher standard than the well-founded fear of persecution standard of section 208(a). An alien who meets the standard of section 243(h) will meet the section 208(a) standard.\textsuperscript{159} The Supreme Court, however, has not answered the question of whether these standards are in fact meaningfully different.\textsuperscript{160}
\textsuperscript{153} \textit{Id.} Stevic’s fear was based upon his participation in an anti-communist organization after his marriage, and that his father-in-law had been imprisoned and ultimately committed suicide in Yugoslavia. \textit{Id.} at 410.
\textsuperscript{154} \textit{Id.} at 411-12.
\textsuperscript{155} \textit{Id.} at 421-22.
\textsuperscript{156} \textit{Id.} at 422.
\textsuperscript{157} \textit{Id.} at 423-24.
\textsuperscript{158} \textit{Id.} at 429-30.
\textsuperscript{159} Hernandez-Ortiz v. INS, 777 F.2d 509, 514 (9th Cir. 1985).
\textsuperscript{160} See infra notes 163-66 and accompanying text.
C. What Is Required to Meet the Standards Under Section 243(h) and Section 208(a)?
In order to qualify for relief under either section 208(a) or section 243(h), an alien must be able to provide some objective support for his or her claim.\textsuperscript{161} Although there is no requirement that an alien present documentary or corroborative support for his or her fear, he or she must be able to show the reasonableness of that fear.\textsuperscript{162} That showing will be judged, in actual practice, on the basis of foreign policy considerations. This is because the reasonableness of the claim is highly influenced by the State Department in section 243(h) proceedings\textsuperscript{163} and by the Attorney General’s ability to reject section 208(a) applications.\textsuperscript{164} Thus, foreign policy considerations, and in particular, ideological biases, still enter into these decisions, despite the attempted neutrality of the Refugee Act of 1980.
IV THE ROLE OF IDEOLOGY IN ASYLUM CASES
Perhaps the best way to illustrate the role of ideology in granting political asylum is to look at requests from selected countries. An examination of the approval rate of asylum applications involving different countries reveals the probable role of ideology in these decisions.\textsuperscript{165}
| COUNTRY | APPROVAL RATE (FY 1983-86) | APPROVAL RATE (FY 1987) |
|------------------|---------------------------|-------------------------|
| All Countries | 23.3% | 54.0% |
\textsuperscript{161} This is true regardless of whether the standard is a clear probability of persecution or a well-founded fear of persecution.
\textsuperscript{162} Diaz-Escobar v. INS, 782 F.2d 1488, 1492 (9th Cir. 1986) (alien must genuinely fear persecution and there must be “credible, direct, and specific evidence” that the fear is reasonable).
\textsuperscript{163} See supra notes 94-102 and accompanying text.
\textsuperscript{164} 8 U.S.C. § 1158(a) (1982) states that the Attorney General may grant asylum if the alien is a refugee within the meaning of \textit{id}. at § 1101(a)(42)(A).
\textsuperscript{165} The figures for Fiscal Years 1983-1986 are from U.S. Committee for Refugees, \textit{Despite a Generous Spirit: Denying Asylum in the United States} (December 1986). The Fiscal Year 1987 figures were prepared by Paul Soreff, a Louisville, Kentucky, attorney involved in political asylum cases. Mr. Soreff compiled these statistics from the monthly United States Immigration and Naturalization Reports of the United States Committee for Refugees.
| Country | Asylum Rate | Refugee Rate |
|--------------|-------------|--------------|
| Ethiopia | 29.2% | 47.3% |
| Lebanon | 2.4% | 26.4% |
| Poland | 34.0% | 47.4% |
| Romania | 51.0% | 59.7% |
| Haiti | 1.8% | .0% |
| Afghanistan | 37.7% | 26.2% |
| Iran | 60.4% | 67.4% |
| Nicaragua | 14.0% | 83.9% |
| El Salvador | 2.6% | 3.6% |
| Guatemala | 0.9% | 3.8% |
As these rates indicate, an alien fleeing from a communist country or a regime not supported by the United States is far more likely to be granted asylum than an alien fleeing from a United States supported regime. Given the role of the State Department in the process of granting asylum, this result is not surprising.
A good example of the discriminatory treatment in the granting of political asylum is provided by the experience of refugees from El Salvador. Salvadorans, apprehended by the INS, have alleged they have been mistreated while in INS custody. In addition, the United Nations High Commissioner on Refugees has informed the United States that it is not meeting its obligations to Salvadoran refugees under the United Nations Pro-
---
166 Id.
167 Asylum rates for Nicaragua, El Salvador, and Guatemala for the first four months of Fiscal Year 1988 dramatically illustrate this point. Nicaraguan refugees were granted asylum in 8.3% of the cases, while Salvadorans were granted asylum in 4.4% of the cases. Asylum was denied in all Guatemalan refugee cases. See id.
168 See supra notes 94-102 and accompanying text.
169 Helton, supra note 13, at 254.
170 Comment, Salvadoran Illegal Aliens: A Struggle to Obtain Refuge in the United States, 47 U. Pitt. L. Rev. 295, 296 (1985).
171 The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner on Refugees (UNHCR) was established in 1951 "to provide legal protection and material assistance to refugees and to promote permanent solutions for refugee problems." U.S. DEP'T OF STATE, UNITED STATES PARTICIPATION IN THE U.N.: REPORT BY THE PRESIDENT TO THE CONGRESS FOR THE YEAR 1985, at 141 (1986). This office spent $459.6 million for world-wide refugee aid in 1985. Id. The office oversees many refugee projects and monitors refugee issues through the publication of a monthly periodical entitled Refugees. The UNHCR also intervenes in legal controversies concerning refugees. For example, the UNHCR filed amicus curiae briefs with the Supreme Court in both Stevic and Cardoza-Fonseca. Goodwin, Supreme Court Rules on Asylum, REFUGEES, May 1987, at 8.
tocol Relating to Refugees.\textsuperscript{172} Why have refugees from El Salvador been treated in this manner? Granting asylum to large numbers of Salvadoran refugees would be inconsistent with the United States position that the government of El Salvador is improving its record of human rights violations.\textsuperscript{173} The practical effect of this situation is that refugees from El Salvador must have well-documented evidence to support their claim for asylum.\textsuperscript{174} As a practical matter, it is not reasonable to expect refugees, fleeing for their lives, to have this documentation.\textsuperscript{175} The result is that most Salvadoran refugees will not be able to prove their claims and will routinely be denied asylum.\textsuperscript{176}
Ideology is not the only explanation for the difference in treatment given to refugees from different countries. There are also explanations which relate to domestic concerns in the United States.\textsuperscript{177}
V DOMESTIC CONSIDERATIONS IN ASYLUM CASES
Throughout history, the United States has been able to control its borders: it was rarely a place of first refuge and it could select its refugees.\textsuperscript{178} In recent years, however, the situation has changed. Refugees increasingly come directly to the United States from Central America and the Caribbean Islands.\textsuperscript{179} With the popu-
\textsuperscript{172} Specifically, Salvadorans were not being given an adequate opportunity to apply for asylum. Comment, \textit{supra} note 172, at 297.
\textsuperscript{173} Helton, \textit{supra} note 13, at 254. There may be other explanations for not granting refugee status to Salvadorans, such as concern with not encouraging further refugees. \textit{See infra} notes 179-93 and accompanying text. In general, the government of Canada has been far more receptive than the United States to Central American refugees, particularly to Salvadorans. The total number of refugees seeking asylum in Canada has been small despite Canadian policy of not sending refugees away once they are inside Canada. Billard, \textit{Canada: Influx of Salvadorans}, \textsc{Refugees}, Mar. 1987, at 14. In the face of increasing numbers of refugees from Central America, it will be interesting to see if Canada retreats from this policy.
\textsuperscript{174} Helton, \textit{supra} note 13, at 254.
\textsuperscript{175} \textit{Id.} at 255-56.
\textsuperscript{176} \textit{Id.} at 254.
\textsuperscript{177} \textit{See infra} notes 180-93 and accompanying text.
\textsuperscript{178} Scanlan, \textit{supra} note 10, at 858.
\textsuperscript{179} \textit{Id.} For example, in 1984, the INS apprehended more than 1.2 million illegal aliens, which reflected a 34% increase over a 2-year period. The estimated number of illegal aliens in the U.S. varies from 2-4 million persons. M. LeMay, \textit{supra} note 1, at 15, 123.
lation of illegal aliens growing by as much as 500,000 each year, the United States has clearly lost control of its borders.\textsuperscript{180}
The most visible proof of this fact was seen in the 1980 Mariel Boat Lift.\textsuperscript{181} More than 130,000 Cuban refugees arrived in the United States within a five-month period,\textsuperscript{182} shattering the illusion that the United State could control its borders.\textsuperscript{183} Although the Carter Administration generally welcomed the Cubans,\textsuperscript{184} the Reagan Administration has taken a hard-line approach to asylum claims of people fleeing to the United States from Cuba, Haiti, or Central America.\textsuperscript{185} President Reagan has stressed the importance of having the authority to decide who qualifies for refugee status.\textsuperscript{186}
This hard-line approach could be observed during the summer of 1981 when the Reagan Administration announced a policy of alien detention.\textsuperscript{187} Prior to this time, illegal aliens were routinely released unless they represented a security risk or were likely to abscond.\textsuperscript{188} The new policy, however, placed illegal aliens in detention until their admissibility to the United States was determined.\textsuperscript{189} This policy ultimately was upheld by the United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit in \textit{Jean v Nelson}.\textsuperscript{190}
\begin{itemize}
\item \textsuperscript{180} Giuliani, \textit{The Immigration Program of the Reagan Administration}, 36 U. Miami L. Rev 807 (1981-82).
\item \textsuperscript{181} Scanlan, \textit{supra} note 10, at 859.
\item \textsuperscript{182} \textit{Id.}
\item \textsuperscript{183} \textit{Id.} at 858.
\item \textsuperscript{184} \textit{Id.} at 850.
\item \textsuperscript{185} Helton, \textit{supra} note 13, at 256-57
\item \textsuperscript{186} U.S. Immigration and Refugee Policy, 17 Weekly Comp. Pres. Doc. 829 (July 30, 1981). More recently, Secretary of State George Schultz stated:
I have the greatest respect for those who say that the United States should do even more for I know their sentiment reflects the fundamental value Americans place on helping others in need. This goal, however, must be realized within the framework of an international system of authority and responsibility. Humane first-asylum practices are the responsibility of the entire family of civilized nations, but they are implemented under the sovereign authority of each nation state to establish its own immigration policy and to control its own borders.
Statement by Secretary Schultz, \textit{supra} note 1, at 52 (emphasis added).
\item \textsuperscript{187} Helton, \textit{supra} note 13, at 256.
\item \textsuperscript{188} \textit{Id.}
\item \textsuperscript{189} \textit{Id.} at 256-57
\item \textsuperscript{190} 711 F.2d 1455, 1509 (11th Cir. 1983), aff'd, 472 U.S. 846 (1985).
\end{itemize}
Commentators have attempted to explain the new approach by referring to the political views of the Reagan Administration as harsh and discriminatory.\textsuperscript{191} Such characterization, however, is probably too simplistic. The problems facing the United States at its borders are new and formidable, and certainly do not lend themselves to ready solutions.
VI. SHOULD ASYLUM CLAIMS BE PROCESSED WITHOUT REFERENCE TO POLITICAL IDEOLOGY?
There is probably no way to remove political ideology from the political asylum process. Ultimately, the granting of a refugee's claim for asylum is the recognition that the refugee's home country has treated, or is likely to treat, its own citizen in an unfair and improper manner. Clearly, this is an explicit political value judgment. The issue, then, is how this judgment should be made.
One author argues that this decision should be made by courts which would determine the degree and kind of harm a foreign government inflicts upon its citizens.\textsuperscript{192} Since courts routinely make these kinds of inquiries, judges should be able to determine the relevant facts.\textsuperscript{193} The more difficult issue, however, is the kind of harm that is illegitimate.\textsuperscript{194} One possible standard is that a legitimate government action is an exercise of power in the interest of its citizens and not in the interest of its leaders or a small group of citizens.\textsuperscript{195} Judges should make the decisions based on the general condition of the country and on the particular circumstances of the refugee.\textsuperscript{196}
The above standard may effectuate the goals of the Refugee Act of 1980. First, such a standard would lessen the role of the
\textsuperscript{191} The Haitians were the first black refugees to seek asylum in any great number, and they were treated differently than any other refugees. Bruck, \textit{Springing the Haitians}, AM. LAW., Sept. 1982, at 35. In addition, the Haitians were generally unskilled in the workforce. This is in contrast to refugees like the Vietnamese, who were well-educated and members of the old Vietnamese middle class. M. LeMay, \textit{supra} note 1, at 115.
\textsuperscript{192} Note, \textit{Political Legitimacy in the Law of Political Asylum}, 99 HARV. L. REV. 450, 465 (1985).
\textsuperscript{193} Id.
\textsuperscript{194} Id.
\textsuperscript{195} Id.
\textsuperscript{196} Id. at 468-71.
Executive Branch in the asylum process. If judges were to make the factual determinations related to the legitimacy of political institutions, the role of the State Department would change. Although the department might still have a role, such as giving the government information about a given nation, a judge could balance that information against information from other sources. As it now stands, the State Department's opinion is often decisive in the asylum determination.\textsuperscript{197}
Second, the above standard for legitimacy or illegitimacy of governmental action would more fairly grant asylum to those persons who observe it the most. The present system favors those fleeing communist governments and is unfair to aliens fleeing right-wing, oppressive regimes.
Third, making decisions with reference to the general conditions in a country would make the asylum process fairer. For example, the fact that all or most citizens of a given country are subject to persecution should be a major factor in proving that a specific individual is likely to be persecuted.\textsuperscript{198}
There are ways to improve the fairness of the asylum process. As the United States faces an increasing number of refugees, however, the focus may change from how to deal with refugees to how to ensure political and economic stability in our own hemisphere. Such a focus might help to alleviate the underlying causes of refugees.
\textbf{CONCLUSION}
Passage of the Refugee Act of 1980 was a landmark event in United States' refugee law. Its promise of a neutral process for the consideration of asylum claims was a bold step in the movement toward human rights and human freedom. Yet its promise remains unfulfilled as political ideology continues to govern claims for asylum, and the United States continues to face the problem of being a nation of first refuge. If asylum
\textsuperscript{197} See \textit{supra} notes 94-102 and accompanying text.
\textsuperscript{198} As the law stands now, an alien must show specific hardship and allege specific facts related to him or her. The alien cannot make general assertions based upon a country's overall violence or persecution. \textit{See, e.g., Kaveh-Haghigy v. INS}, 783 F.2d 1321, 1323 (9th Cir. 1986).
decisions could be made by courts free of United States foreign policy considerations, however, the goal of the Refugee Act of 1980 may be reached.
Davalene Cooper
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Protokoll 22. Ordentliche Generalversammlung vom Mittwoch, 17. April 2018, 18.00 Uhr SBW Haus des Lernens AG, Talent-Campus Bodensee, Seestrasse 7, 8280 Kreuzlingen
Teilnehmer
* Roger Schläpfer (RS), Präsident und Sitzungsleiter
* Patrick Staub
* Kurt Höpli (KH)
* Christof Baumann (CB)
* David Keller (DK), Protokoll
* 20 Mitglieder der SupporterSCK
Abwesend
*
–
Entschuldigt:
* Marc Borer (MB)
* Christof Forster (CF)
* Revisoren Felix Jetter, Michael Graf
Traktanden
1. Begrüssung / Allgemeine Unterlagen zur GV
2. Feststellung der Präsenz und Wahl der Stimmenzähler
3. Genehmigung des Protokolls der 21. Generalversammlung vom 19. April 2017
4. Jahresbericht Präsident und Schwimmclub Kreuzlingen
5. Vereinsrechnung 2017 - Revisoren Bericht und Abnahme der Rechnung
6. Wahlen (Wahljahre sind 2018, 2020 ff.)
6.1 Präsident – Neu Vize-Präsidium Christof Baumann u. Patrick Staub
6.2 Vorstand – David Keller, Kurt Höpli
6.3 Revisoren – Felix Jetter, Michael Graf, Ersatz Revisor Hans Ernst
7. Jahresprogramm
8. Beschlussfassung über Anträge des Vorstandes oder von Vereinsmitgliedern.
9. Festlegung der Arten der Mitgliedschaften sowie der entsprechenden Mindestmitgliederbeiträge
10. Beschlussfassung über Statutenänderungen.
11. Verschiedenes
1. Begrüssung / Allgemeine Unterlagen zur GV
Der Präsident Roger Schläpfer begrüsst zur 22. Generalversammlung der SupporterSCK. Die Mitglieder wurden am 18. März 2018, und somit rechtzeitig, mit der Einladung und den Unterlagen zur Generalversammlung bedient.
Entschuldigt hat sich Vorstandsmitglied Marc Borer, Christof Forster und die Revisoren Felix Jetter,
Michael Graf sowie diverse Mitglieder, welche nicht namentlich verlesen werden.
Die Traktanden werden in der vorliegenden Form abgehalten.
2. Feststellung der Präsenz und Wahl der Stimmenzähler
Als Stimmenzähler wird Armin Müller vorgeschlagen. Die Versammlung bestätigt die Wahl des Stimmenzählers einstimmig. Anwesend sind 20 stimmberechtigte Mitglieder (Absolutes Mehr 11).
3. Genehmigung des Protokolls der 21. Generalversammlung vom 19. April 2017
Auf der Internetseite der SupporterSCK www.supporter-sck.ch war das Protokoll einsehbar, auf ein Vortragen wird verzichtet und von der Versammlung auch nicht gewünscht. Das Protokoll der 21. Generalversammlung SuppoterSCK vom 19. April 2017 wird einstimmig mit einer
Enthaltung genehmigt und dem Verfasser David Keller verdankt.
4. Jahresbericht Präsident und Schwimmclub Kreuzlingen
Der Jahresbericht des Präsidenten Roger Schläpfer der SupporterSCK und des Schwimmclub Kreuzlingen (Verfasst durch Max Wickert) wurden wie in der Einladung zur heutigen Sitzung angemerkt auf der Internetseite der SupporterSCK zum Download platziert. Auf ein Vortragen wird verzichtet und von der Versammlung auch nicht gewünscht.
Der Jahresbericht SupporterSCK 2017 des Präsidenten, wird einstimmig mit einer Enthaltung genehmigt und dem Präsident Roger Schläpfer mit Applaus verdankt.
Der Präsident – Schwimmclub Kreuzlingen
Max Wickert, Präsident des Schwimmclubs Kreuzlingen richtet an die Versammlung einige Worte zu seinem verfassten Bericht zuhanden der SupporterSCK. Der Präsident kündigt an, dass zukünftig der Jahresbericht für die SupporterSCK in einem grösseren Umfang ausfällt (Kombination mit Bericht für Schwimmclub).
Max Wickert bedankt sich bei den anwesenden für das Ja an der Urne für die Umsetzung des neuen Hallenbades. Vor 50 Jahren wurde das Schwimmbad Hörnli eröffnet. 2018 feiert man dazu ein Jubiläum und mit der Realisierung des Hallenbads wurde ein grosses „Geschenk" gemacht.
5. Vereinsrechnung 2017 - Revisorenbericht und Abnahme der Rechnung
Die Jahresrechnung wird den Anwesenden am Beamer präsentiert und durch den Kassier Kurt Höpli erläutert.
Die Erfolgsrechnung 2017 schliesst mit - CHF 1743.68.
Dem Schwimmclub Kreuzlingen konnten 2017 CHF 15'000.00 überwiesen werden. Roger Schläpfer bedankt sich bei Kurt Höpli für die genaue Buchführung welche mit einem kräftigen Applaus quittiert wird.
Revisorenbericht
SupporterSCK-Mitglied Linus Weber verliest, infolge Abwesenheit der beiden Revisoren, den Revisorenbericht.
Die Rechnung wurde am 13.3.2018 durch Felix Jetter und Michael Graf geprüft und für richtig befunden.
Die Revisoren empfehlen der Generalversammlung die vorliegende Rechnung zu genehmigen. Einstimmig wird die Jahresrechnung 2017 genehmigt.
Mit grossem Applaus wird die Jahresrechnung 2017 einstimmig genehmigt und der Vorstand damit entlastet.
6. Wahlen (Wahljahre sind 2014, 2018 ff.)
Wahlen (Wahljahre sind 2018, 2020 ff.) 2018 ist ein Wahljahr.
Marc Borer, Christoph Forster und Roger Schläpfer haben per 22. Generalversammlung SupporterSCK den Rücktritt aus dem Vorstand bekannt gegeben.
6.1 Präsident – Neu Vize-Präsidium Christof Baumann u. Patrick Staub
Die beiden neuen Vize-Präsidenten die das Amt im kommenden Vereinsjahr gemeinsam führen heissen Christof Baumann und Patrick Staub. Sie werden einstimmig und mit Applaus bestätigt.
David Keller und Kurt Höpli stellen sich zu Wiederwal und werden einstimmig und mit Applaus wiedergewählt.
6.3 Revisoren – Felix Jetter, Michael Graf, Ersatz Revisor Hans Ernst
Alle drei Revisoren werden einstimmig für eine weiter Amtsperiode einstimmig in ihrem Amt bestätigt.
Der Vorstand setzt sich neu wie folgt zusammen
Präsident Co-Vizepräsident
Vakant
Christof Baumann und Patrick Staub
Aktuar (Interims)
David Keller
Kassier
Kurt Höpli
Beisitzer
Vakant
Revisoren
Felix Jetter
Michael Graf
Hans Ernst (Ersatz Revisor)
7. Jahresprogramm
Patrick Staub präsentiert das Jahresprogramm 2018/2019 der SupporterSCK.
Termine
* 5. Januar 2018 – Fondueplausch Wildsauenhütte
* 17. April 2018 – 22. Generalversammlung SupporterSCK
* 4. Mai 2018 – Apéro SCK - Lugano NPS
* Apéro bei einem Halbfinalspiel (Gegner und Datum noch offen)
* Behörden-Apéro
* Apéro bei einem allfälligen Finalspiel 2018
* 11. Januar 2019 – Fondueplausch Wildsauenhütte
* 23. Generalversammlung SupporterSCK April/Mai 2019
Erstmals wird der Fondueplausch am zweiten Freitag im Januar durchgeführt.
Alle Termine sind auch auf der Internetseite der SupporterSCK – www.supporter-sck.ch – einsehbar. Der Präsident wünscht dem Schwimmclub Kreuzlingen und allen Mitgliedern für das laufende Vereinsjahr eine erfolgreiche, spannende und unterhaltsame Wassersport-Saison.
8. Beschlussfassung über Anträge des Vorstandes oder von Vereinsmitgliedern
Vom Vorstand der SupporterSCK liegen keine Anträge vor. Innerhalb der statuarischen Frist sind auch von den Mitgliedern keine Anträge eingegangen.
9. Festlegung der Arten der Mitgliedschaften sowie der entsprechenden Mindestmitgliederbeiträge
Unverändert bleiben die Mitgliedschaften sowie der entsprechenden Mindestmitgliederbeiträge.
Exclusiv | CHF 600.–
* 2 NLA Saisonkarten übertragbar
* 15 Einzeleintritte (Freikarten)
* Mitgliedereintrag mit Logo auf www.supporter-sck.ch
* Einladungen zu Apéros und Anlässen
* Behördenapéro mit Schwimmclub Kreuzlingen
* 1 Businessanlass Einladung (Partner/innen) oder Nachtessen (ab 10 Mitgliedern)
Premium | CHF 400.–
* 2 NLA Saisonkarten nicht übertragbar
* 5 Einzeleintritte (Freikarten)
Basic | CHF 200.–
* Mitgliedereintrag auf www.supporter-sck.ch (ohne Logo)
* Einladungen zu Apéros und Anlässen
* Behördenapéro mit Schwimmclub Kreuzlinge
* 1 NLA Saisonkarte nicht übertragbar
* Mitgliedereintrag auf www.supporter-sck.ch (ohne Logo)
* Einladungen zu Apéros und Anlässen
Gönner | CHF 100.–
* Einladung zu einem Apéro und Spiel
Anzahl Mitglieder per Ende 2017
10. Beschlussfassung über Statutenänderungen
Innerhalb der statuarischen Frist sind keine Anträge eingegangen
11. Verschiedenes
Fan-Fahne-SCK
Der Vorstand des SupporterSCK würde es begrüssen wenn auch an Auswärtsspielen die blauen FanFahnen geschwenkt werden.
Danke und Ausblick durch den Ehrenpräsidenten des Schwimmclub Kreuzlingen
Christoph Keller bedankt sich für das grosse Engagement des Vorstandes SupporterSCK und erinnert sich gerne an die Gründung vor 23 Jahren.
Man steht vor einer grossen Sache, nach 50 Jahren Schwimmbad Hörnli kommt nun das Hallenbad Kreuzlingen. Das Bad soll nun in der Planung zu dem werden was man sich wünscht. Von der Schule wurde massgebend dazu beigetragen – so auch die Nachbarschaft. Die hohen Ja-Stimmen haben das Ja zum Wasser in Kreuzlingen bestätigt. Die Realisierung in vier Jahren sollte als Trampolin genutzt werden um dem Schwimmsport in Kreuzlingen den nötigen Elan zu geben. In zwei Jahren steht das 75 Jahr Jubiläum des Schwimmclubs an und wird ein weiterer Höhepunkt in der Vereinsgeschichte setzten. Mit nachrückenden Generationen soll der Wassersport aus Kreuzlingen weitergetragen werden.
Geschenk und Dank
Patrick Staub übereicht dem scheidenden Präsidenten der SupporterSCK Roger Schläpfer für sein grosses Tun lobende Worte und einen edlen Tropfen. Roger Schläpfer bedankt sich für das Geschenk und die gute Zusammenarbeit mit seinen Vorstandskollegen.
Dank
Der Präsident bedankt sich beim Gastgeber Christoph Bornhauser (SBW Haus des Lernens AG, TalentCampus Bodensee) für die Gastfreundschaft und übereicht im zum Dank ein Geschenk. Ihm wird auch ein Geschenk an Mirco Spada überreicht, der sich für die heutige Generalversammlung entschuldigen musste. Christoph Bornhauser bedankt sich für die nette Geste und führt im Anschluss an die Generalversammlung durch den Talent-Campus Bodensee.
Kreuzlingen, 17. April 2018
David Keller SupporterSCK
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BREEAM
BREEAM
Code for a sustainable
built environment
NEUBAU
RENOVIERUNG
KOMPAKT HPL/SCHICHTPRESSSTOFF RESOPAL® COMPACT – INNENAUSBAU
Internationale Sanierung im Ausland 2015 (SD225 1.4) Büro (B) – Einzelhandel (Eh) – Gastgewerbe (Ga)
Das technische Programm der Zertifizierung umfasst die Anforderungen an das Projekt selbst (Umsetzung, Funktion, architektonische Gestaltung usw.) sowie an die darin enthaltenen Materialien, Produkte und Ausstattungen. Je nach Zertifizierung zeigt folgende Tabelle, wie und mit welchem Leistungsniveau RESOPAL Compact die Anforderungen erfüllt. Folgende Seiten listen die Anforderungen einzeln auf und geben detailliert an, wie RESOPAL Compact betroffen ist und die entsprechenden Anforderungen erfüllt. Am Ende des Dokuments können Sie über einen klickbaren Link auf die dokumentarischen Nachweise zugreifen.
Hea 01 - Visueller Komfort
Mat 01 - Umweltauswirkungen von Materialien
Mat 03 - Verantwortungsvolle Beschaffung von Materialien (RSM)
Inn 01 - Innovation
Alle Dokumentationsnachweise hier herunterladen
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<urn:uuid:9f29672b-2ea3-47f3-9a5f-bdd80c30123e>
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HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/deu_Latn/train
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finepdfs
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deu_Latn
| 1,057
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INTERIM REPORT
2021/2022
Link Real Estate Investment Trust is one of the world’s largest real estate investment trusts in terms of market capitalisation.
With a diversified portfolio, we aim to deliver sustainable growth and create long-term value for our Unitholders and all our stakeholders.
About this Report
This report covers our performance from 1 April 2021 to 30 September 2021. In this report, we discuss our gradual development along the path we outlined in previous years, highlight the interactions among financial, environmental, social and governance factors, and underline their influence on our long-term sustainable development.
This report has been structured according to Link’s Value Creation Process. The information reported here is also consistent with the indicators used for our internal management and Board reports and are comparable with our previous reports.
Since 2014/2015, we have updated our annual sustainability performance solely on our corporate sustainability website: Linkreit.com/en/sustainability/
Access our corporate website for further information
## Overview
| Section | Page |
|--------------------------------|------|
| Introduction | Inside front |
| About Link | 2 |
| Value Creation Process | 4 |
## Strategy and Performance
| Section | Page |
|--------------------------------|------|
| Chairman’s Statement | 6 |
| Chief Executive Officer’s Report | 8 |
| Emerging Trends | 11 |
| Vision 2025 Updates | 12 |
| Operational Highlights | 16 |
## Governance and Financials
| Section | Page |
|------------------------------------------------------------------------|------|
| Corporate Governance | 28 |
| Disclosures | 36 |
| Auditor’s Review Report | 49 |
| Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Information | |
| – Condensed Consolidated Income Statement | 50 |
| – Condensed Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income | 51 |
| – Consolidated Statement of Distributions | 52 |
| – Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position | 53 |
| – Condensed Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity and Net Assets Attributable to Unitholders | 54 |
| – Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows | 55 |
| – Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Information | 56 |
| Five Year Performance Summary | 81 |
| Investor Information | 84 |
| Definitions and Glossary | 86 |
| Corporate Information | Inside back |
Portfolio in Brief
Our portfolio includes retail facilities, car park, office and logistics properties across Hong Kong, major cities in Mainland, Australia and the United Kingdom. These multiple segments form a solid and diversified platform to create sustainable value for our stakeholders.
CHINA
Hong Kong
129 Retail, office and car park and others
Mainland
9 Retail, office and logistics
OVERSEAS
Australia
5 Retail and office in Sydney and London
United Kingdom
Investment Value(1)
CHINA
78.2% Hong Kong
16.8% Mainland
5.0% Overseas
HK$221B Portfolio Value
Note:
(1) As at 30 September 2021, including 50% property value of Qibao Vanke Plaza, the agreed property value of 75% interests in two logistics assets in Dongguan and Foshan, which was completed in October 2021, the agreed property value of 50% interests in three retail properties in Sydney, which was announced on 7 November 2021 and the agreed property value of two institutional grade car park/car service centres and godown buildings in Hong Kong, which was announced on 10 November 2021.
Interim Highlights
Our key performance indicators reflect our steady business performance despite challenges and uncertainties.
| Metric | Value | Change |
|-------------------------------|----------------|--------------|
| Revenue (HK$M) | 5,778 | ↑10.4% yoy |
| Net Property Income (HK$M) | 4,391 | ↑8.8% yoy |
| Distribution per Unit (HK cents) | 159.59 | ↑12.7% yoy |
| | | ↑9.7% 10 year CAGR |
| Net Asset Value per Unit (HK$) | 77.99 | ↑2.3% vs 31/3/2021 |
| | | ↑11.6% 10 year CAGR |
Occupancy Rates
| Location | Rate (%) |
|------------------|----------|
| Hong Kong Retail | 97.5 |
| Mainland Retail | 91.5 |
| Hong Kong Office | 93.8 |
| Mainland Office | 96.7 |
| Overseas Office | 100.0 |
Reversion Rates
| Location | Rate (%) |
|------------------|----------|
| Hong Kong Retail | 3.4 |
| Mainland Retail | 12.1 |
Gearing Ratio
| Gearing Ratio | 23.6% |
Notes:
(1) Excluding Happy Valley Shopping Mall in Guangzhou, the average occupancy was 96.2%.
(2) Committed occupancy as of October 2021.
(3) After adjusting for the impact of the acquisition of 75% interests in two recently-developed modern logistics assets in Guangdong Province completed in October 2021, the acquisition of 50% interests in a Sydney CBD retail portfolio announced on 7 November 2021, the interim distribution declared on 10 November 2021, and the acquisition of two institutional grade car park/car service centres and godown buildings in Hong Kong announced on 10 November 2021, the gearing ratio of Link as at 30 September 2021 will increase from 19.5% to 23.6%.
1. Vision 2025
Guided by Vision 2025, we optimise portfolio growth by integrating culture of excellence and visionary creativity across our business.
Portfolio Growth
» Grow AUM
» Sustain DPU growth
» Maintain strong credit ratings
Culture of Excellence
» Attract and motivate market leading talents
» Minimise attrition rate of high performing employees
Visionary Creativity
» Tenant sales growth outperforms market
» Reduce organic waste to landfill
» Achieve Net Zero carbon emissions by 2035
2. Business As Mutual
We operate with a Business as Mutual mindset to ensure Link is an equal partner with our stakeholders. We endeavour to understand their needs and concerns, identify areas of mutual concern and co-create solutions for the benefit of all.
3. Creating Value
We aim to create shared value across the ecosystem and help link all stakeholders to a brighter future.
- Financial
- Placemaking
- Innovation
- Talent
- Relationship
- Environment
In the first half of 2021/2022, increasing consumer and market confidence are healthy signals that we are emerging from a prolonged period of uncertainty. Driving our steady emergence is our Business as Mutual ethos which focuses ongoing efforts to support our business, tenants, shoppers and other stakeholders to build constructive and collaborative partnerships. Over the past six months, our leasing team has continued to work diligently to support tenants with innovative marketing to drive footfall and facilitate their recovery from the pandemic. Our property management team tirelessly ensures that public safety is a top priority in our assets. Our first half 2021/2022 performance reflects the value both created and captured from these efforts.
Emerging from the Uncertainty
Revenue and net property income for the first half of 2021/2022 recorded year-on-year increases of 10.4% and 8.8% to HK$5,778 million (six months ended 30 September 2020: HK$5,233 million) and HK$4,391 million (six months ended 30 September 2020: HK$4,037 million), respectively. Total distributable amount amounted to HK$3,336 million (six months ended 30 September 2020: HK$2,921 million). Interim DPU for the period increased by 12.7% to HK159.59 cents (six months ended 30 September 2020: HK141.65 cents). Valuation of the investment properties portfolio was HK$206,551 million (31 March 2021: HK$199,074 million) and net asset value per unit increased by 2.3% to HK$77.99 (31 March 2021: HK$76.24).
Staying Cautious and Resilient, while Rejuvenating Local Communities
Despite these promising results, there are still significant clouds on the horizon. The outlook on inflation is uncertain; commodity prices have surged; wage pressure is rising; strains on geopolitical relationships remain and the pandemic is not yet behind us. We have not forgotten our critical role in facilitating the recovery of our tenants, shoppers and local communities, so that we all emerge stronger and more resilient.
- We have organised vaccination campaigns internally among our staff and externally at our Lok Fu Place to increase awareness and vaccination rates, while maintaining shopper confidence in Link properties for hygiene and safety.
- To support community cohesion and wellbeing, we launched “Tour de Link”, a biking event riding on the summer Olympics to reinforce Link shopping centers as flourishing social hubs connecting communities and districts through sports activities and competition. Over three weeks in August 2021, some 5,800 participants from the community came to six of our properties and cycled over 7,300 kilometers.
- We announced a commitment of HK$15.5 million in Link Together Initiatives funding for this financial year, supporting a mix of existing and new NGOs on projects to develop creative solutions that fill social service gaps in Hong Kong. The targeted themes of youth empowerment, active aging, resource management and social inclusion are closely connected with Link’s property infrastructure in Hong Kong. In 2021/2022, we increased the total number of Link University Scholarship awardees to 220. Complementing our growth strategy, we expanded the reach of Link Together Initiatives into Mainland. Our inaugural project sponsors 20 underprivileged middle school students from rural Sichuan to attend a three year estate management course in Shanghai.
Adjusting to a Dynamic Operating Landscape
During the past six months, the Chinese Central Government introduced a series of sweeping policy reforms covering a broad range of topics including education, online gaming, antitrust and residential housing. These efforts are part of Mainland’s announced pursuit of “common prosperity”, aimed at addressing social and economic matters. These initiatives shall reduce inequality and differences in standards of living by enhancing the social safety net and cohesion, as well as redistributing resources to support the growth of the middle class. We believe these initiatives are consistent with our strategy of investing in mid-market properties in first tier cities and their surrounding river deltas.
Cautiously Evolving Who We Are
Events in recent years have been strong reminders that businesses must remain agile to operate and grow. Exploring how our successful asset management, portfolio management and capital management expertise might contribute to realising new revenue streams for the business has been a priority. We are applying our asset management skills to the Mainland portfolio to steer efforts in unlocking further value through property design, tenant mix and placemaking initiatives at Link CentralWalk in Shenzhen and Happy Valley Mall in Guangzhou.
Our years of retail management experience has shown to be transferable to other asset classes. Our culture of engagement coupled with a Business as Mutual approach has fostered stronger relationships across our value chain, making Link managed properties preferred places to do business. In the grade-A office space, dynamics between landlord and office tenants have evolved, especially after the pandemic. We are seeing increased demand for better services, provision of more amenities and tailored experiences to help entice our tenants’ employees to return to their offices. We have responded quickly, such as upgrading food and beverage offerings and increasing transparency of building health and well-being metrics.
Commitment to Climate Action
We are well on our way to meeting the HKSAR’s 20% reduction in energy consumption target\(^{(1)}\). Due to our earlier efforts since 2010 that achieved 40% absolute reduction, further progress will become increasingly difficult, requiring detailed analysis, innovative thinking and perseverance – three capabilities we have developed well over the years. I am confident Link will continue to be a global leader in climate action.
Outlook
Despite the many ongoing and emerging challenges we face, I believe Link is in an enviable position. Stability is emerging across the portfolio and throughout our value chain. The core Hong Kong portfolio remains resilient and productive. Mainland has proven its ability to respond quickly to different challenges. Governments around the world including the United Kingdom and Australia are systematically reopening their borders to accelerate economic growth and recovery. We can leverage on the strong foundation to explore prudent diversification across geographies and asset classes as we strive to become a world class real estate investor and manager.
Recognition and Appreciation
In accordance with our governance guidelines, both May Tan and Elaine Young will retire from the Board in January 2022. On behalf of the Board and management, I extend our heartfelt gratitude to May and Elaine for their steady leadership over the past nine years. Together they have guided the organisation through extraordinary transformation and growth, nurturing an entrepreneurial mindset balanced by strong governance oversight.
We also welcome our newest Director, Jenny Gu, who was appointed to the Board in August 2021. Based in Shanghai, Jenny brings a wealth of expertise in on and off-line retail, strategy and transformation, and will be immensely valuable to our future development as the group expands and diversifies.
Finally, on behalf of my fellow colleagues on the Board, I congratulate the management team, all Linkers and our business partners for executing Link’s business strategy well and achieving strong financial results in the first half of 2021/2022. I am confident that Link is on a strong footing as we enter the second half of the financial year.
Nicholas Charles ALLEN
Chairman
Link Asset Management Limited
As Manager of Link Real Estate Investment Trust
10 November 2021
Note:
(1) HKSAR target to be achieved by 2035 and uses 2015 as a baseline.
Throughout the past 18 months, our portfolio performance has been extraordinarily resilient, demonstrating the impact of a Business as Mutual approach.
While Mainland has also fared well in containing the pandemic, sporadic outbreaks coupled with resulting lockdowns have led to a slowdown in the manufacturing-reliant economy. With government policies focusing on stimulating and encouraging domestic spending, our non-discretionary, retail-focused portfolio has benefited.
Supporting the Pandemic Recovery
During the past 18 months, our portfolio’s performance has been extraordinarily resilient, reaffirming our Business as Mutual approach. While we are delighted to see shoppers return to our properties and our tenants doing healthy business, we are well aware this sense of normalcy can be upended quickly should an outbreak occur. We continue to strengthen the resilience of the ecosystems we operate in and to instill confidence among the communities we serve.
In conjunction with the Hong Kong government’s consumption stimulus, we offered HK$17 million worth of incentives to encourage the public to spend on daily necessities from tenants across our retail portfolio.
As a result, we have maintained occupancy rates of 97.5% and 91.5% across our retail portfolio in Hong Kong and Mainland, respectively. Retail reversion rates in Hong Kong and Mainland reached 3.4% and 12.1%. We continued to record high levels of rental collection across the group. These are encouraging data points, but we must remain vigilant in ensuring their resilience.
Performance Across Our Strategic Priorities
We have not lost sight of our medium and long-term goals and continue to progress along the three strategic priorities under Vision 2025.
1. Visionary Creativity
Connectivity and creating flourishing communities continue to be at the heart of Link, and our approach has been grounded in understanding those around us. We initiated a comprehensive
survey and research project to understand how shopper experiences and preferences in Hong Kong have evolved over the last 18 months. We engaged tenants and shoppers to identify any business and operational deficiencies in meeting their expectations and, more importantly, outline strategies to bridge those gaps. We also reassessed our competitive strengths and value propositions, particularly in response to growing online offerings and increased e-commerce players. While the review is still underway, we are making progress on two key areas – aging population and health and well-being:
- We added a Gerontech Education and Rental Service Center as a tenant, serving as a hub connecting various elderly-focused NGOs and business partners, facilitating collaboration, age awareness and care among the community.
- On health and wellbeing, we partnered with DECATHLON to launch Hong Kong’s largest rooftop sports area, providing 42,000-square feet of space and DECATHLON sports equipment for free to use by the local community.
A key lesson learned from the past year is the importance of managing uncertainties and being prepared for unforeseen changes. During recent years, the growth of logistics as an asset class has accelerated as the demand for well-located warehouses and distribution centers continue to grow in densely-populated regions like the Greater Bay Area.
Thus, we have entered into the logistics asset class through a small prudent investment in two modern warehouses in Dongguan and Foshan. This will provide an opportunity to ramp up our learning curve with our partner in the Greater Bay Area. We believe by selectively adding exposure to this fast-growing asset class we can contribute to the sustainable, steadily growing returns for our Unitholders. To enable and strengthen our expansion, we have recently hired a head of logistics based in Shanghai.
On 7 November 2021, we announced the acquisition of 50% interests in three iconic retail assets in Sydney. Adding these immediately accretive assets comes at a pivotal time with Australia reopening as lockdown restrictions are lifted and the New South Wales government launching a AUD2.8 billion economic stimulus package.
On 10 November 2021, we announced the acquisition of two institutional grade car park/car service centres and godown buildings in Hong Kong. Both properties are occupied by an established tenant and will bring us stable income with regular rental step-up. This is part of our strategy of gradually adding other asset classes with growth potential to improve our portfolio mix and strengthen our portfolio resilience and productivity.
**Portfolio Management**
The four tier-one cities in Mainland, Hong Kong, Australia and the United Kingdom remain our geographies of primary focus. Potential acquisitions undergo rigorous assessment, covering multiple macroeconomic scenarios to filter and select only those assets that are resilient against both economic and climate-related impacts. Using our entrepreneurial asset management approach, strong governance and hands-on value creation, we develop these assets into market leaders.
On 28 June 2021, we completed the acquisition of Happy Valley Shopping Mall, our third acquisition in the Greater Bay Area. The asset, located in a prime downtown location, provides capital appreciation potential. We will leverage our extensive retail asset management expertise and operational synergies in Guangzhou to lease up and unlock the value of the property. The property is currently undergoing preliminary studies for asset enhancement.
Asset Management
We are on track to complete a comprehensive asset enhancement of Link CentralWalk by late 2021. We have been cultivating placemaking by designing and incorporating more community space and open air entertainment venues. Once the enhancement works are complete, Link CentralWalk will be our first retail property in Mainland to achieve LEED certification, reflecting a new benchmark for our property portfolio. Furthermore, Link CentralWalk is our first asset enhancement project that purposefully incorporates climate resilience measures in response to findings from our first portfolio TCFD assessment conducted last year.
In 2020 we announced a pilot programme to implement Facilities Management Information Technology (FMIT) to identify efficiency improvement opportunities across our daily operations. The pilot rollout completed on schedule with strong user buy-in and operational improvements. Work order completion times have improved by 40% and we have achieved better cost control through enhanced inventory management. This programme will be rolled out to cover the entire Hong Kong portfolio to capture greater operational efficiencies and financial savings.
Capital Management
A credit crisis has been unfolding in Mainland real estate sector in recent months. However, its impact on Link is limited as we continue to maintain high credit ratings with favored status as a borrower. The average borrowing cost of the Group’s total debt for the six months ended 30 September 2021 was lowered by 54bp to 2.3%, compared to 2.84% for the same period in 2020.
We have tightened our capital management to maintain a healthy level of flexibility to support operating cash flow and to fund potential future acquisitions. As at 30 September 2021, undrawn committed facilities amounted to HK$7.3 billion while total cash and bank balances amounted to HK$2.1 billion. Further demonstrating our commitment and leadership in sustainability, as at 30 September 2021, approximately 30.5% of our outstanding debt is tied to long-term ESG performance targets.
3. Culture of Excellence
We pride ourselves on our pledge to “Link People to a Brighter Future.” In the first half of 2021/2022, Link was recognised as one of the best companies to work for by HR Asia, a leading authority on talent management in Asia. We also received several Stevie Awards, including innovative employee initiatives in driving a life-long learning culture. This recognition underscores our efforts to foster a close-knit team and culture of excellence. We are keen to live out our commitment to our employees by fuelling aspirations and generating lasting commercial and social benefits.
Growing and managing our portfolio during a pandemic has been challenging, particularly with border restrictions in place for nearly 18 months. With our expanding Mainland portfolio, we recognised the need to cultivate closer ties with Linkers at our recently-established Shanghai regional center. Senior staff have begun extended rotations to Shanghai to support and strengthen the operations of the Mainland portfolio. We have also recruited a number of senior managers to further localise our Mainland leadership.
Moving Forward on Climate Change
We continued to advance our efforts on the climate front, further defining the Net Zero 2035 strategy we launched earlier this year. Through our strategy, we have expanded on our renewable energy rollout plan, installing 28 solar PV arrays and identified a further 21 sites. On the topic of carbon, we are paying close attention to developments in Mainland’s nascent carbon emissions trading scheme, in particular the potential timeline when real estate related industries are included.
A significant challenge for reducing carbon emissions is being able to measure with confidence and extensively, in particular with scope 3 emissions. We are working closely with vendors, contractors and suppliers to develop robust and aligned protocols for measuring scope 3 emissions in our value chain.
To reaffirm Link’s commitment to sustainability, for the first time, ESG specific KPIs have been incorporated into the balanced scorecard of all senior management so to encourage individual ownership of this shared responsibility.
Appreciation
I am very proud of how resilient the portfolio has been, and for the accomplishments achieved in the first half of 2021/2022. I thank our Chairman, Nicholas Allen, and the rest of the Board of Directors for their unwavering support and crucial guidance as we continue to progress towards Vision 2025.
I am also grateful for the tireless efforts of our nearly 1,100 strong team across the portfolio in Hong Kong and Mainland. Our pursuit of excellence will not be possible without the commitment, endeavor and spirit of all Linkers and our business partners.
As we continue into the second half of 2021/2022, I am confident that our optimism and energy will enable us to create lasting, positive impact for our stakeholders and I thank you all for your trust in Link.
George Kwok Lung HONGCHOY
Chief Executive Officer
Link Asset Management Limited
As Manager of Link Real Estate Investment Trust
10 November 2021
EMERGING TRENDS
Changes in Policies and Regulations
Market Trends
In August, Mainland announced the pursuit of “Common Prosperity”, an initiative to stimulate income growth and balance wealth distribution across the country.
To achieve this, policy changes facilitating better governance and more balance in the economy will be rolled out. Early examples of such changes include third child policy, tightening of the residential property market and restrictions on the for-profit education and online gaming industries. These measures aim at fuelling economic growth as Mainland transitions away from a capital-intensive investment growth model towards a domestic, consumer-driven economy.
Current trends in Mainland show maturing consumption preferences, and in particular, increasing demand for individualised and diversified goods and services with higher quality. Service consumption is emerging quickly, spurred by innovation in sectors such as culture, sports, and elderly care where there are significant consumption potential.
How We Are Responding
- We aim to build and maintain a business model that addresses the needs of the emerging middle class and general public.
- Our leasing strategy and tenant mix will take into account more brands that focus on consumption upgrading and businesses that target service consumption, with due consideration of affordable products.
- Open communication with community members including government officials, tenants, shoppers and local communities have always been a priority and will remain so.
Climate Resilience
Market Trends
According to the latest Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Report in August 2021, we are experiencing widespread, rapid and intensifying climate change in different regions across the globe.
Perhaps the most visible of all physical climate impact has been flooding corresponding to bouts of abnormally intense rainfall across Mainland, Hong Kong and Europe.
Regionally, there have been significant climate related policy actions, including Mainland announcing a pledge to be carbon neutral by 2060. In Hong Kong, the Chief Executive’s 2021 policy address, complemented by the release of Hong Kong’s Climate Action Plan 2050 in October 2021, outlined a series of energy efficiency targets, waste management levy and transportation electrification policies that will impact the real estate sector.
How We Are Responding
- **Net Zero Strategy 2035**
» We target 5% electricity reduction and 25% reduction in carbon intensity across our portfolio by 2025/2026\(^{(1)}\) (from 2018/2019 baseline).
» Early results from our energy management system implementation have been positive. This initiative will be rolled-out to the wider Hong Kong portfolio.
» Adding to the original 28 properties, we have identified further 21 potential sites for solar PV installation.
- **Carbon Risk Real Estate Monitor (CRREM)**
» Following our TCFD pilot, we have been evaluating the applicability of CRREM as a tool to examine the climate transition risks our portfolio may be exposed to. Initial results indicate the climate vulnerability of individual assets, allowing us to prioritise properties for implementing climate-risk mitigation strategies.
Note:
(1) This target takes into account that current electrical equipments have not reached their end of life cycle. We will focus on maximising efficiency through retro-commissioning and automation in order to extract the most value and minimise unnecessary waste.
VISION 2025 UPDATES
Our medium-term strategy – Vision 2025 – is a seven-year initiative set in 2018/2019 that propels us forward from our strong foundation. We aim to transform ourselves into a diversified REIT with a balanced portfolio which grows organically and inorganically. The three priorities of Portfolio Growth, Culture of Excellence and Visionary Creativity drive Link’s value creation process.
Portfolio Growth
Goal: To achieve high single-digit CAGR in AUM while sustaining DPU growth and maintaining strong credit ratings
Link has constructed a balanced portfolio via active portfolio management. “Core” and “Core-plus” investments remain as our investment focus as they provide relatively steady returns with lower risk. We prudently pursue “Value-add” and “Opportunistic” investments for additional inorganic growth. We believe we are on track to achieve this target, and this approach provides continuous improvement in unitholders’ returns while maintaining strong credit ratings.
In 1H 2021/2022, acquisitions of a 50% interest in Qibao Vanke Plaza\(^{(1)}\) in Shanghai and a 100% interest in Happy Valley Shopping Mall in Guangzhou were completed in April 2021 and June 2021, respectively. Both assets should provide Link upside as ~60% of Qibao Vanke Plaza’s leases (by rent) will expire by 2023/2024 and ~19% of Happy Valley Shopping Mall (by area) will undergo asset enhancement starting in 2022/2023.
After the financial period end, three acquisitions were made, demonstrating our commitment to add “core” and “core-plus” investments into our diversified portfolio.
In October 2021, we completed the acquisition of our first venture into the logistics market by acquiring 75% interests in two Mainland logistics assets from an experienced logistics property developer, First Priority Group, which will retain the remaining 25%. Located in highly sought-after hubs in Greater Bay Area – Dongguan and Foshan – the properties are selected based on their strategic locations, full occupancy and quality tenant profiles. This small, prudent investment enables us to enter a new segment at relatively lower risk while serving our objective to explore new markets and diversify.
We believe the properties are complementary to retail and will offer good growth potential given the rapid development of e-commerce. The properties are also immediately yielding and align with our long-term strategy of delivering sustainable portfolio growth. To further minimise the risks involved, we will co-manage the properties with First Priority Group, which has the largest market share in Dongguan and has the second largest stock in Greater Bay Area. We can tap into its
Note:
(1) A Qualified Minority-owned Property.
industry knowledge and management expertise through active partnership, as we gradually ramp up our learning curve in this fast-growing sector. Going forward, both parties will potentially collaborate further over a portfolio of logistics assets totalling more than 500,000 square meters in the Greater Bay Area.
On 7 November 2021, we announced the acquisition of a 50% interest in an iconic retail portfolio in Australia, namely Queen Victoria Building, The Galerias and The Strand Arcade. Located at the heart of Sydney CBD, the assets are situated in the most sought-after retail precinct in Sydney and which enjoys excellent natural footfall from locals, domestic and international visitors. The assets also benefit from access to an excellent public transport network and infrastructure, being within walking distance of light rail, train and buses. Queen Victoria Building and The Galerias have direct connections with Town Hall station – the busiest train station in New South Wales. Queen Victoria Building also has a basement car park catering for the anticipated growing use of private cars post COVID-19.
Each centre has its unique positioning and offers a diversified tenant base that attracts predominantly domestic middle class clientele. Based on the valuation report as at 25 October 2021, the portfolio’s occupancy stood at 94.3%. Prior to COVID-19, the centres enjoyed high occupancy and had consistently delivered excellent productivity according to Shopping Centre News “CBD Guns” published in 2020. Besides the in-built annual rental escalation, the portfolio has achieved positive re-leasing spreads in recent years. With a track record of high occupancy and quality tenant profile, the assets are highly productive and immediately income-contributing upon completion.
On 10 November 2021, we further announced the acquisition of two institutional grade car park/car service centres and godown buildings in Hung Hom and Chai Wan. This investment is a rare opportunity for Link to acquire institutional grade properties in urban areas in Hong Kong. Occupied by an established tenant – the exclusive dealer of Mercedes-Benz in Hong Kong, we are confident that the acquisition will bring us stable income with upside from yearly rental escalations. Each property possesses unique building specifications and characteristics suitable for automobile related usage. The limited supply of such assets in Hong Kong provides strong support for rental and leasing. As retail has experienced volatility during COVID-19 and economic downturn, diversifying our portfolio by adding stable “core” assets can help neutralise cyclical volatility.
Geographically, we lifted Mainland exposure guidance in September as we continue to identify value-enhancing opportunities. We remain prudent in sourcing assets from four selected developed overseas markets, namely Australia, Japan, Singapore and the United Kingdom.
Culture of Excellence
Goal: Become the “Employer of Choice”
We strive to be a “Talent Cultivator” with our commitment to grow multi-dimensional talents with expertise, mobility and versatility that are fit for the future. Our Young Talent Programme attracted over 1,000 applications. In August 2021, we successfully recruited our largest cohort of management trainees and management associates to undertake a 2-year intensive and targeted development programme that cultivates our talents’ functional business acumen and leadership capability, thereby fuelling Link’s talent pipeline through readiness development.
Our long-term growth strategy for Mainland is a crucial part of Vision 2025. In early 2020, our Shanghai regional centre was set up to expedite our growth plan. To strengthen our Mainland leadership and better manage our growing asset base, we reorganised our team structure and expanded our talent pool by acquiring local talents with professional expertise and proven track record in commercial properties and logistics assets.
Our efforts in pursuing excellence in HR best practices continued to garner industry recognition. Recently, we have been awarded the WeCare HR Asia Most Caring Companies Award 2021.
To drive a high-performance culture, we place Linkers at the heart of our business. In view of COVID-19 and to ensure a safe and healthy workplace, our vaccination support programme offers medical check subsidies, vaccination leave and vaccination lucky draw. To date, over 70% of Linkers have been vaccinated. Apart from organising a range of workplace and well-being engagement activities for Linkers, we conducted our regular employee engagement survey in May 2021 to better understand Linkers’ views. By communicating our needs and values in an open and inclusive manner, together we create a better employee experience and continue our pursuit of excellence.
Visionary Creativity
Goal: Placemaking through innovation
Following our earlier Net Zero 2035 announcement, we have further defined two 2025 interim targets across our portfolio, using the 2018/2019 baseline, to chart our progress towards achieving this ambitious goal:
- 5% reduction in electricity consumption; and
- 25% reduction in carbon intensity
These targets come on the heels of our earlier energy saving efforts, which to date have achieved 40% absolute reduction since 2010. As the current electrical equipments have not reached their end of life cycle, short term reduction targets will focus primarily on maximising efficiency through retro-commissioning and automation in order to extract the most value and minimise unnecessary waste.
Apart from enhancing our operational efficiency through the application of Energy Management System, we continued to roll out solar PV installations at 49 properties as part of our transition towards renewable energy.
Our network of assets is uniquely positioned to help address the social challenges of an aging population. To explore these opportunities further, a Gerontech Education and Rental Service Centre was opened in Yu Chui Shopping Centre. The Service Centre serves as hub connecting different age-focused NGOs and business partners, facilitating collaboration and encouraging awareness among the community.
As an extension of the living rooms of the people living around us, we leverage our property infrastructure and connectivity to create an extraordinary experience for our communities to enjoy. In the past 12 months, we completed ~95,000 sq ft of placemaking transformation. One such example is the conversion of a 42,000 sq ft rooftop area at TKO Spot into a multi-function sports ground. Here, we champion healthy and active lifestyles by collaborating with our tenant to provide a range of sports equipment for free to the local community.
China
Hong Kong Portfolio
Our Hong Kong portfolio primarily comprises retail and car park facilities which are predominantly located in densely populated residential areas across the city. Our non-discretionary focused retail assets primarily offer food-related trades, whereas our car park mainly serve the shoppers visiting our malls and residents of the surrounding estates. We also own 60% of an office development – The Quayside – in Kowloon East, providing 20 storeys of grade-A office space.
Our Hong Kong portfolio have largely resumed normal operations as the COVID-19 situation has been contained. Against this backdrop, our focus has shifted from offering monetary tenant support to bolstering business recovery through active marketing initiatives. Our tenants have demonstrated resilience and the rental collection rate remained high at 98%. Positive signs of recovery can also be seen as total retail revenue improved by 6.2%, while total car park revenue improved by 12.2% year-on-year.
Retail
- We saw good growth in our retail rental operations in 1H 2021/2022. Leasing progress has been healthy and occupancy further improved to 97.5%, reaching a record high.
- Hong Kong average reversion rate edged up to 3.4%. Average unit rent stayed flat at HK$62.4 psf.
- With the COVID-19 situation stabilised, we better utilised our space and organised more thematic fairs and bazaars during the period. As a result, retail rental from mall merchandising grew by 28.9% year-on-year.
- The 48.1% year-on-year increase in expenses recovery and other miscellaneous revenue was due to the waiver of management fee and air-conditioning service fee granted in the last financial period as part of the Tenant Support Scheme.
- Link’s overall tenant gross sales psf remained resilient. Footfall and consumption sentiment improved with support from the Hong Kong Government’s HK$5,000 Consumption Voucher Scheme. An 8.9% year-on-year growth in tenant gross sales psf was recorded nearing the pre-COVID levels in 2019. Overall rent-to-sales ratio further normalised to 13.0% with improvements in F&B and general retail segments.
In Hong Kong, there is pent-up demand for local spending as travel restrictions persist. Together with the second tranche of the Consumption Voucher Scheme which was disbursed from 1 October 2021, we expect leasing sentiment and overall tenant sales will continue to improve in the second half of 2021/2022. Going forward, the pace of economic recovery will depend on border reopening, unemployment and household income growth trends.
Revenue Breakdown\(^{(1)}\)
| | Six months ended 30 September 2021 HK$’M | Six months ended 30 September 2020 HK$’M | Year-on-year change % |
|--------------------------------|----------------------------------------|----------------------------------------|-----------------------|
| **Retail rental:** | | | |
| Shops\(^{(2)}\) | 2,457 | 2,440 | 0.7 |
| Markets/Cooked Food Stalls | 486 | 473 | 2.7 |
| Education/Welfare and Ancillary| 71 | 70 | 1.4 |
| Mall Merchandising | 107 | 83 | 28.9 |
| **Expenses recovery and other miscellaneous revenue\(^{(3)}\)** | 480 | 324 | 48.1 |
| **Total retail revenue** | 3,601 | 3,390 | 6.2 |
Notes:
(1) Management fees have been reclassified from rental to other miscellaneous revenue. Comparative figures have been restated.
(2) Rental from shops included base rent of HK$2,419 million (six months ended 30 September 2020: HK$2,414 million) and turnover rent of HK$38 million (six months ended 30 September 2020: HK$26 million).
(3) Other miscellaneous revenue includes management fees, air conditioning service fees, promotion levies and miscellaneous revenue.
## Operational Statistics
| Category | Occupancy rate | Reversion rate | % of total area |
|---------------------------------|----------------|----------------|-----------------|
| | As at 30 September 2021 | As at 31 March 2021 | Six months ended 30 September 2021 | Six months ended 30 September 2020 | As at 30 September 2021 |
| Shops | 97.6 | 97.0 | 2.3 | (9.5) | 84.0 |
| Markets/Cooked Food Stalls | 95.8 | 94.4 | 14.2 | 23.2 | 9.2 |
| Education/Welfare and Ancillary | 98.4 | 98.4 | 4.3 | 4.7 | 6.8 |
| **Total** | **97.5** | **96.8** | **3.4** | **(4.0)** | **100.0** |
Notes:
(1) Reversion rate was calculated based on base rent (excluding management fee). Comparative figures have been restated.
(2) Total excluding self-use office.
## Tenant Retail Gross Sales Growth and Rent-to-sales Ratio
(Six months ended 30 September 2021)
| Trade | Tenant retail gross sales growth psf | Rent-to-sales ratio |
|--------------------------------|--------------------------------------|----------------------|
| Food & Beverage | 25.7 | 13.8 |
| Supermarket and Foodstuff | (8.6) | 11.0 |
| General Retail[2] | 13.4 | 14.6 |
| **Overall** | **8.9** | **13.0** |
Notes:
(1) A ratio of base rent (excluding management fee) to tenant retail gross sales psf.
(2) Including clothing, department stores, electrical and household products, personal care/medicine, optical, books and stationery, newspaper, valuable goods, services, leisure and entertainment, and retail others.
## Portfolio Breakdown
| Properties | No. of properties | Retail property valuation | Retail rentals | Average monthly unit rent (1) | Occupancy rate |
|---------------------|--------------------|---------------------------|---------------|-------------------------------|----------------|
| | As at 30 September 2021 | As at 30 September 2021 HK$'M | Six months ended 30 September 2021 HK$'M | As at 30 September 2021 HK$ psf | As at 31 March 2021 HK$ psf | As at 30 September 2021 % | As at 31 March 2021 % |
| Destination | 6 | 27,292 | 613 | 76.9 | 79.3 | 97.0 | 94.0 |
| Community | 35 | 69,210 | 1,766 | 69.2 | 69.2 | 98.0 | 97.6 |
| Neighbourhood | 57 | 29,666 | 742 | 45.2 | 44.6 | 97.0 | 97.2 |
| **Total** | **98** | **126,168** | **3,121** | **62.4** | **62.4** | **97.5** | **96.8** |
Note:
(1) Average monthly unit rent represents the average base rent (excluding management fee) per month psf of leased area.
## Trade Mix
(As at 30 September 2021)
- Food and Beverage: 27.9%
- Supermarket and Foodstuff: 22.0%
- Markets/Cooked Food Stalls: 16.7%
- Services: 10.6%
- Personal Care/Medicine: 5.4%
- Education/Welfare and Ancillary: 10.6%
- Valuable Goods (Jewellery, watches and clocks): 0.7%
- Others (2): 0.4%
## Lease Expiry Profile
(As at 30 September 2021)
- 2021/2022: 19.9% of total area, 17.4% of monthly rent (1)
- 2022/2023: 27.8% of total area, 31.3% of monthly rent (1)
- 2023/2024 and Beyond: 45.4% of total area, 46.0% of monthly rent (1)
- Short-term Lease and Vacancy: 6.9% of total area, 5.3% of monthly rent (1)
Notes:
(1) Refers to base rent (excluding management fee).
(2) Others include clothing, department stores, electrical and household products, optical, books and stationery, newspaper, leisure and entertainment.
Car Park and Others
- Car park performance continued to trend upward as people resumed business and leisure activities following the lifting of COVID-19 restrictions.
- During the period, significant improvement was seen in hourly car park rental revenue, which was up 39.1% year-on-year and recovered to pre-COVID levels. Monthly car park ticket sales increased gradually and monthly car park rental recorded a 4.1% growth year-on-year. As a result, overall car park revenue grew 12.2% year-on-year.
- Car park income per space per month increased by 11.9% year-on-year to HK$3,073 as a result of increases in visits to malls and hourly tariffs.
- As at 30 September 2021, total car park valuation and average valuation per space were HK$32,835 million (31 March 2021: HK$31,516 million) and approximately HK$581,000 (31 March 2021: HK$558,000) respectively.
- After the financial period end, we announced the acquisition of two institutional grade car park/car service centres and godown buildings in Hung Hom and Chai Wan in Hong Kong at a consideration of HK$5,820 million in total. The acquisition is expected to complete by 31 December 2021.
- The two assets are purpose-built properties catered to holistic before-and-after car sales services and they are strategically positioned in the urban areas of Hong Kong. Both properties are fully let to Zung Fu Company Limited, the exclusive car dealer of Mercedes-Benz in Hong Kong and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Jardine Matheson. Upon completion, sales and re-leasing arrangements will be entered with the tenant for an initial fixed term of five years and three optional three-year terms thereafter for each property. They will generate stable income with regular rental step-up.
Revenue Breakdown
| Car park rental: | Six months ended 30 September 2021 HK$’M | Six months ended 30 September 2020 HK$’M | Year-on-year change % |
|------------------|----------------------------------------|----------------------------------------|-----------------------|
| Monthly | 754 | 724 | 4.1 |
| Hourly | 288 | 207 | 39.1 |
| Expense recovery and other miscellaneous revenue | 5 | 2 | 150.0 |
| Total car park revenue | 1,047 | 933 | 12.2 |
Office
- Leasing progress at The Quayside has been encouraging. As of October 2021, the committed occupancy rate of the office tower has reached 93.8%. Blue-chip finance and insurance companies are the key tenants of the office tower, taking up around 60% of the area.
- Part of the remaining vacant office space at The Quayside is located at the top floor. We target to attract high-quality tenants seeking premium grade-A office space with prominent harbour views.
Property Operating Expenses
- During the period, total property operating expenses increased by 9.9% while net property income margin declined slightly to 76.6% (six months ended 30 September 2020: 77.1%).
- Marketing expenses increased as Link organised a wide range of events to aid tenants’ sales.
- Staff costs increased due to higher accrual for awards granted under our long-term incentive plan.
- Utilities charges increased due to the absence of government subsidies and increases in energy consumption as a result of additional ventilation for COVID-19 prevention during the period.
### Property Operating Expenses Breakdown
| | Six months ended 30 September 2021 HK$'M | Six months ended 30 September 2020 HK$'M | Year-on-year change % |
|--------------------------------|------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------|------------------------|
| Property managers’ fees, security and cleaning | 293 | 296 | (1.0) |
| Staff costs | 220 | 187 | 17.6 |
| Repair and maintenance | 90 | 82 | 9.8 |
| Utilities | 164 | 145 | 13.1 |
| Government rent and rates | 139 | 133 | 4.5 |
| Promotion and marketing expenses | 81 | 44 | 84.1 |
| Estate common area costs | 50 | 46 | 8.7 |
| Other property operating expenses | 83 | 86 | (3.5) |
| **Total property operating expenses** | **1,120** | **1,019** | **9.9** |
Mainland Portfolio
As at 30 September 2021, we have seven investments in Mainland located in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen. This portfolio delivered 15.6% and 13.0% year-on-year growth in total revenue and net property income, respectively. The increase in revenue was mainly due to the new contribution from Happy Valley Shopping Mall in Guangzhou and the retail rental reversions achieved in our other Mainland assets. There was no material impact on Link’s Mainland portfolio resulting from either the resurgence of COVID-19 or the recent electricity blackouts. Overall rental collection remained healthy at 97%.
Retail
- Our five shopping centres in Mainland continued to deliver encouraging reversion averaging 12.1%. Separately, our newly acquired Qualified Minority-owned Property Qibao Vanke Plaza achieved a reversion of 31.3%.
- Average occupancy was 91.5%, due in part to the other newly acquired Guangzhou Happy Valley Shopping Mall whose occupancy was 74.1%. Excluding Happy Valley Shopping Mall, average occupancy was 96.2% as at the period end.
- The team in Guangzhou is stabilising the operations at Guangzhou Happy Valley Shopping Mall and creating further value there. We have started planning for its asset enhancement programme which is anticipated to commence later next year.
- Link CentralWalk’s tenant sales growth lagged as the asset has been undergoing enhancement. Tenant sales in three properties – Link Plaza • Zhongguancun, Link Plaza • Jingtong and Link Plaza • Guangzhou – recovered to around 90% of the 2019 level.
Lease Expiry Profile
(As at 30 September 2021)
Office
- Located at core CBD in Shanghai, Link Square is leased to several local and multinational conglomerates. Office occupancy of this premium grade A office edged up to 96.7%. Office reversion was at -12.1% as it continued to face headwinds in a competitive market. The leases renewed related to only 8.3% of the total leasable area thus creating only minor impact on rental revenue.
- To enhance its competitiveness, we are upgrading Link Square by enhancing the office lobby and common areas. We anticipate the asset will continue to provide a secured and stable income stream.
Logistics
- We acquired 75% interests in two recently-developed modern logistics assets in Dongguan and Foshan at an initial consideration of RMB754 million, subject to completion adjustments. The acquisition was completed in October 2021. The total consideration for the two logistics properties acquired was less than 1% of GAV of Link and considered immaterial to Link. As such, no announcement has been made by Link pursuant to 10.4(ga) of the REIT Code.
- Being Link’s first foray into the logistics sector, we were selective in picking these properties which are immediately income generating and fully-occupied by reputable tenants. The tenant mix by area includes grocery (44% of Dongguan property), third-party logistics (38% of Dongguan property), consumer (18% of Dongguan property) and e-commerce (100% of Foshan property).
- We co-own these properties with an experienced partner who is also the operation manager. With WALE of 3.5 and 4.4 years, the Dongguan and Foshan logistics assets enjoy emerging leasing demand given they are strategically located in well-connected transportation hubs within the Greater Bay Area.
**Investment Summary**
| Property Particulars | Dongguan Property | Foshan Property |
|--------------------------------------|-------------------|-----------------|
| Address | 281 Yanhe Road, Shatian, Dongguan | Heng’er Road, Sanshui, Foshan |
| Remaining Land Tenure | 46 years | 46 years |
| Completion | 2019 | 2020 |
| GFA (square meter) | 110,015 | 86,793 |
| Net Ceiling Height (meter) | 9 | 9 |
| Loading Capacity (per square meter) | 1/F – 3t, 2/F – 2t | 1/F – 3t, 2/F – 2t |
| Monthly Gross Passing Income (RMB Million) | 4.8 | 2.8 |
| Valuation | Dongguan Property | Foshan Property |
|--------------------------------------|-------------------|-----------------|
| Agreed Property Value (RMB Million) | 844 | 480 |
| Valuation by Colliers (RMB Million) | 883 | 499 |
**Asset Enhancement**
**Completed Projects in 1H2021/2022**
- Return on investment for the completed enhancement projects were impacted by the dampened leasing market during the pandemic. During the period, we completed the enhancements of Hing Wah Plaza and Tai Wo Plaza with capex of HK$31 million and HK$55 million, and ROIs of 13.2% and 3.6%, respectively.
**Approved Asset Enhancement Projects Underway**
- Three projects (Link CentralWalk in Shenzhen, Tai Yuen Market and Lok Fu Market in Hong Kong) are currently underway and they each will incur an estimated capex of HK$346 million, HK$27 million and HK$32 million, respectively. The expected completion date is late 2021 for Link CentralWalk, and mid 2022 for the two Hong Kong projects.
- Going forward, we target to spend an aggregate of over HK$1 billion capex on asset enhancements on ~20 projects. There are no foreseeable impacts resulting from supply chain challenges to costs and materials for these asset enhancement projects.
Overseas
Retail Portfolio
- After the financial period end, Link agreed to purchase 50% interests in three iconic retail assets in Sydney at a consideration of AUD$38.2 million. The acquisition is expected to complete in the first half of 2022.
- The three assets are Queen Victoria Building, The Galeries and The Strand Arcade. Located on George Street in the CBD of Sydney, the three assets are among the most productive retail assets in Australia. As at the valuation date on 25 October 2021, the portfolio occupancy stood at 94.3% and the tenant mix by the total gross passing income were 50%, 20% and 14% from fashion and accessory, food and beverage and major/mini-major tenants, respectively.
- As New South Wales is gradually reopening with most lockdown measures lifted in November, local businesses are anticipated to resume normal operations. We will work closely with Vicinity, one of the largest retail landlords in Australia, as a co-owner to curate and position the portfolio dynamically to better serve the needs of shoppers and the broader community in the long run.
Office Portfolio
- The two office buildings, 100 Market Street in Australia and The Cabot in the United Kingdom, are our core investments and we have full period of rental contributions from both properties during the period.
- The assets are highly defensive in nature as both possess long WALE – 8 years and in excess of 10 years respectively – and have shown high levels of resilience despite the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. During the period, total revenue and net property income of the two offices buildings amounted to HK$245 million and HK$170 million, respectively.
- The office space continued to be fully-occupied by blue-chip tenants, and we have experienced no major rental arrears in either property. Overall rental collection rate remained healthy at 99% as of October 2021.
- We plan to refurbish the lobby of 100 Market Street to improve the entrance experience for the office workers in the building.
Valuation Review
- Colliers International (Hong Kong) Limited, the principal valuer of Link, valued Link’s properties as at 30 September 2021, using the income capitalisation approach with reference to market comparables via the direct comparison approach. As at 30 September 2021, total value of investment properties has increased by 3.8% to HK$206,551 million when compared to 31 March 2021. The increase was mainly due to the acquisition of Happy Valley Shopping Mall in Guangzhou, which was completed in June 2021, and valuation gains.
- As at 30 September 2021, the value of our Hong Kong retail properties remained steady at HK$126,168 million, up 1.3% from HK$124,581 million as at 31 March 2021. The value of car parks increased 4.2% to HK$32,835 million (31 March 2021: HK$31,516 million) mainly due to increase in net property income as a result of increase in car park tariff and ticket sales. The value of our Hong Kong office was HK$9,023 million (31 March 2021: HK$8,943 million).
- Properties in Mainland (including 50% value of Qibao Vanke Plaza) were valued at HK$35,988 million, up from HK$27,160 million as at 31 March 2021. The increase of HK$8,828 million was mainly due to acquisitions. Excluding the translation difference and on a like-for-like basis, the value of our Mainland properties increased by 0.8% in Renminbi terms.
- The valuation of our office buildings in Australia and the United Kingdom were HK$3,906 million (31 March 2021: HK$4,038 million) and HK$3,956 million (31 March 2021: HK$4,019 million), respectively as at 30 September 2021. The changes in valuations were mainly due to exchange rate fluctuations.
### Valuation
| | Valuation | Capitalisation Rate |
|---------------------|-----------|---------------------|
| | As at 30 September 2021 HK$’M | As at 31 March 2021 HK$’M | As at 30 September 2021 | As at 31 March 2021 |
| **Hong Kong** | | | | |
| Retail properties | 126,168 | 124,581 | 3.10% – 4.50% | 3.10% – 4.50% |
| Car parks | 32,835 | 31,516 | 3.10% – 5.30% | 3.10% – 5.30% |
| Office property | 9,023(1) | 8,943(1) | 3.00% | 3.00% |
| **Total** | 168,026 | 165,040 | | |
| **Mainland** | | | | |
| Retail properties | 29,432(2) | 20,713 | 4.25% – 4.75% | 4.25% – 4.75% |
| Office property | 6,556 | 6,447 | 4.25% | 4.25% |
| **Total** | 35,988 | 27,160 | | |
| **Australia** | | | | |
| Office property | 3,906 | 4,038 | 4.40% | 4.50% |
| **United Kingdom** | | | | |
| Office property | 3,956 | 4,019 | 5.26% | 5.24% |
| **Total valuation** | 211,876 | 200,257 | | |
| **Total valuation of investment properties** | 206,551(3) | 199,074(3) | | |
Notes:
(1) The amount represents the office portion only of The Quayside.
(2) The amount includes 50% value of Qibao Vanke Plaza.
(3) The amount excludes two floors of The Quayside which Link occupies as self-used office and are classified as property, plant and equipment, and the 50% value of Qibao Vanke Plaza.
Capital Management
The global economy has rebounded from the pandemic recession earlier in 2021 amid growing COVID-19 vaccination coverage and ongoing fiscal support from governments. Nevertheless, rapid spread of the Delta variant and increasing inflation expectations pose uncertainties for global recovery momentum and monetary policy normalisation.
Despite ongoing disruptions caused by the pandemic, Link has maintained a healthy leverage position and stable credit ratings. As in the past, Link tapped into the financial markets from time to time, securing liquidity at competitive costs to support the operational needs and acquisitions.
Since April 2021, Link has raised a total of HK$2 billion sustainability-linked loans that were structured to incorporate reduced pricing with interest cost savings if Link achieves the pre-agreed sustainability milestones. As of 30 September 2021, sustainability-linked loans accounted for approximately 30.5% of the Group’s total debt portfolio.
**Key Performance Indicators**
| Indicator | Value |
|----------------------------------|------------------------|
| Average borrowing cost (Six months ended 30 September 2021) | 2.3% |
| Gearing Ratio (as of 30 September 2021) | 19.5% (1) |
**Robust Leverage Metrics**
- Gearing ratio remained at 19.5% (1) as of 30 September 2021 while total debt increased by HK$3.9 billion to HK$42.5 billion.
- Ample financial resources with HK$7.3 billion undrawn committed facilities and HK$2.1 billion cash and bank balances.
- Debt maturity averaged at 3.2 years and well staggered over the coming 17 years.
- Average borrowing cost for the six months ended 30 September 2021 was 2.3%.
**Strong Access to Capital Markets**
**Financing arranged since April 2021**
- **April 2021**
- HK$500 million 5-year sustainability-linked loan
- **May 2021**
- CNH650 million 3-year notes at 2.8% per annum
- **June 2021**
- CNH250 million 3-year notes at 2.8% per annum
- **August 2021**
- HK$800 million 2-year bank loan
- **September 2021**
- 3 to 5-year bank loans totalled at HK$2.7 billion
- 5-year sustainability-linked loans totalled at HK$1.5 billion
- **October 2021**
- HK$800 million 5-year notes at 1.48% per annum
- HK$782 million 10-year notes at 2.23% per annum
- CNH300 million 3-year notes at 3% per annum
- CNH460 million 3-year notes at 3.25% per annum
**Foreign Currency Fluctuations Well Managed**
- Overseas acquisitions are principally funded by local currency borrowings.
- Distributable income from offshore properties are fixed into HKD terms by use of foreign currency forwards.
Notes:
(1) After adjusting for the impact of the acquisition of 75% interests in two recently-developed modern logistics assets in Guangdong Province completed in October 2021, the acquisition of 50% interests in a Sydney CBD retail portfolio announced on 7 November 2021, the interim distribution declared on 10 November 2021, and the acquisition of two institutional grade car park/car service centres and godown buildings in Hong Kong announced on 10 November 2021, the gearing ratio of Link as at 30 September 2021 will increase from 19.5% to 23.6%.
(2) Details of contingent liabilities of Link are disclosed in note 10 Taxation in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements on p.62 of this report.
Commitment to Enhancing Unitholders' Return
- **Relevant investments**: Held a carrying value of HK$2.3 billion in investment-grade bonds as of 30 September 2021 with an average bond yield of 3.5%.
- **Unit buyback**: Bought back a total of approximately 1.3 million units during the period under review at an average price of HK$65.2 and for an aggregated cost of HK$82.6 million. Any further buybacks will be dependent on multiple factors.
- **Distribution policy**: Committed to 100% payout and the discretionary distribution of HK14 cents per unit per annum until 2021/2022.
- **Distribution reinvestment scheme**: Provided eligible Unitholders with the option to reinvest in Link units for scrip distributions for the final distribution of the year ended 31 March 2021. HK$753.6 million of the cash distribution was reinvested with approximately 10 million new units issued at a unit price of HK$75.063.
Vigorous Credit Ratings
- Resilient financial fundamentals are well recognised by rating agencies.
A/Stable Standard and Poor
A2/Stable Moody's
A/Stable Fitch
Debt Profile Breakdown
(Based on face value as at 30 September 2021)
| Debt Mix by Types | (HK$ billion) |
|-------------------|---------------|
| Medium Term Notes (MTN) | 17.6 (41.4%) |
| Convertible Bond | 4.0 (9.4%) |
| Bank Loans | 20.9 (49.2%) |
| Debt Mix by Fixed/Floating Rates (After interest rate swaps) | (HK$ billion) |
|-------------------------------------------------------------|---------------|
| Fixed Rate | 26.6 (62.6%) |
| Floating Rate | 15.9 (37.4%) |
| Debt Mix by Currencies (After currency swaps) | (HK$ billion) |
|---------------------------------------------|---------------|
| HKD | 30.3 (71.3%) |
| RMB | 4.7 (11.1%) |
| AUD | 3.7 (8.7%) |
| GBP | 3.8 (8.9%) |
Debt Maturity Profile
(Based on face value as at 30 September 2021)
| Year | MTN | Convertible Bond | Bank Loans |
|------|-----|------------------|------------|
| 21/22 | 1.3 | 0.1 | 1.2 |
| 22/23 | 2.3 | 1.0 | 1.3 |
| 23/24 | 12.1 | 12.1 | |
| 24/25 | 11.4 | 1.7 | 4.0 |
| 25/26 | 7.6 | 5.7 | 1.9 |
| 26/27 | 5.5 | 0.1 | 5.4 |
| 27/28 | 1.1 | 0.1 | 1.0 |
| 28/29 | 0.1 | | |
| 29/30 or after | 1.1 | | |
Link is a collective investment scheme authorised by the SFC under section 104 of the SFO and a constituent of the Hang Seng Index. It is managed by Link Asset Management Limited. Link believes responsible governance should transcend merely complying with regulatory requirements to become a value that is embedded within all that we do.
**The Board and Board Committees**
The Board is central to the operation of Link’s corporate governance framework, which provides for effective oversight and control. Under the direction of the Board, Link has implemented comprehensive systems and procedures designed to promote Link’s long-term success and deliver sustainable value to Unitholders and other stakeholders. The Board is characterised by its diversity and the independence of its members.
As at the date of this report, the Board has 14 members, including 11 INEDs, one NED and two EDs (being the CEO and the CFO).
The Chairman (who is an INED) leads and is responsible for the running of the Board. The CEO leads management and is responsible for running Link’s business and its daily operations. The two roles are separate and performed by different individuals.
In discharging its duties, the Board is assisted by the Audit and Risk Management Committee, the Finance and Investment Committee, the Nomination Committee and the Remuneration Committee. The composition of these committees is set out below:
| Name | Board | Audit and Risk Management Committee | Finance and Investment Committee | Nomination Committee | Remuneration Committee |
|-----------------------------|-------|-------------------------------------|----------------------------------|----------------------|------------------------|
| Nicholas Charles ALLEN | ✓[C] | | ✓[C] | ✓[C] | |
| George Kwok Lung HONGCHOY | ✓ | | ✓ | ✓ | |
| (CEO) | | | | | |
| NG Kok Siong (CFO) | ✓ | | ✓ | | |
| Ian Keith GRIFFITHS | ✓ | | ✓ | | |
| Christopher John BROOKE | ✓ | | ✓ | | ✓ |
| Ed CHAN Yiu Cheong | ✓ | | ✓ | | ✓ |
| Jenny GU Jialin | ✓ | | ✓ | | |
| Lincoln LEONG Kwok Kuen | ✓ | | ✓ | | |
| Blair Chilton PICKERELL | ✓ | | | ✓ | ✓[C] |
| Poh Lee TAN | ✓ | | ✓ | | |
| May Siew Boi TAN | ✓ | | ✓ | ✓ | |
| Peter TSE Pak Wing | ✓ | | ✓[C] | | |
| Nancy TSE Sau Ling | ✓ | | ✓ | | |
| Elaine Carole YOUNG | ✓ | | | | ✓ |
(C) = Chairman/chairman of Board Committee
✓ = member
Matters reserved for the Board and the latest terms of reference of the respective Board Committees are available on our corporate website: Linkreit.com.
Updates to Directors’ Information since Annual Report 2020/2021
- Mr George Kwok Lung HONGCHOY ceased to be a global governing trustee, but remains a trustee, of the Urban Land Institute with effect from 30 June 2021.
- Mr Christopher John BROOKE was appointed as a member of the Advisory Board of Kerb Holdings Company Pty Limited with effect from 1 July 2021 and he ceased to be the Interim Chair of the Governing Council of the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors with effect from 9 September 2021.
- Ms May Siew Boi TAN ceased to be an independent non-executive director of Home Credit N.V. with effect from 1 July 2021 and she was appointed as an independent non-executive director of JP Morgan China Growth and Income plc, a company listed on the London Stock Exchange, with effect from 2 August 2021.
- Mr Nicholas Charles ALLEN ceased to be an independent non-executive director of Stevin Rock LLC and RAK Rock LLC with effect from 10 July 2021 and ceased to be an independent non-executive director of Lenovo Group Limited, a company listed on the Main Board of the Stock Exchange, with effect from 20 July 2021. In addition, Mr Nicholas Charles ALLEN ceased to be a director of Vision 2047 Foundation with effect from 15 September 2021.
- Ms Jenny Gu Jialin was appointed as an INED and a member of the Audit and Risk Management Committee of the Manager with effect from 17 August 2021.
Biographies of our Directors can be viewed on Link’s corporate website: Linkreit.com.
Corporate Governance Policy and Practices
The corporate governance policy and practices adopted during the six months ended 30 September 2021, remained in line with those in place for the financial year ended 31 March 2021, as disclosed in the corporate governance report in Link’s Annual Report 2020/2021, including the modification to the rigid application of code provision A.4.2 of the Listing Rules Corporate Governance Code such that the EDs are not subject to retirement by rotation at annual general meetings of Unitholders to preserve business continuity and longevity at the most senior levels of management.
Regulatory Compliance
Throughout the six months ended 30 September 2021:
- Link and the Manager complied with the REIT Code, the SFO, applicable provisions of the Listing Rules, the Trust Deed and, in all material respects, the Compliance Manual;
- Link and the Manager applied the principles and to the extent appropriate, complied with the code provisions in the Listing Rules Corporate Governance Code, save and except code provision A.4.2. The Manager considers that rigid application of code provision A.4.2 to our EDs is not in the best interests of the Unitholders. Business continuity and longevity at the most senior levels of management work for the long-term benefit of Link. Frequent re-shuffles of the executive directorate, absent the anchor of a controlling Unitholder, may promote “short-termism”. Any risk of entrenchment in office is counter-balanced by an overwhelming majority of INEDs on our Board, who have the collective power (and the Unitholders also have the same power under the Trust Deed) to remove a recalcitrant ED;
- all the Directors, having made specific enquiries of each of them, have confirmed that they complied with the required standards set out in the Link Securities Dealing Code, the terms of which are regularly reviewed and updated (when as appropriate) to ensure that they are no less exacting than those set out in the Model Code for Securities Transactions by Directors of Listed Issuers in Appendix 10 to the Listing Rules; and
- the Manager has an escalation policy in order to provide for management to identify relevant issues and for the Board to make timely disclosure of inside information as required. It also has stringent internal procedures to preserve confidentiality of inside information. The Manager has complied with the requirements of Part XIV A of the SFO, as if such SFO provisions were applicable to Link. The company secretary (who is the CLO) maintains records of meetings and discussions of management, the Board and/or Board Committees concerning the assessment of potential inside information, keeps a register of inside information and updates the Directors on a regular basis.
Pursuant to the Link Securities Dealing Code, Directors or senior management or other relevant senior employees wishing to deal in the securities of Link must first have regard to the provisions of Parts XIII and XIV of the SFO with respect to insider dealing and market misconduct as if such SFO provisions were applicable to Link. They must also refrain from dealing in the securities of Link if they are aware of, or are privy to, certain negotiations or agreements relating to intended acquisitions or disposals, or have been otherwise in possession of unpublished inside information, until proper disclosure of the inside information in accordance with the REIT Code and the Listing Rules has been made.
The Manager also imposes and enforces (when required) black-out requirements on Directors and staff members who are involved in the preparation of Link’s interim and final results announcements and the related reports or, who are involved in corporate transactions or possess inside information as required by the Listing Rules, the inside information provisions of the SFO and the Compliance Manual. Accordingly, relevant members of staff are precluded from participating in the EUPP during black-out periods.
**Other Information Updates**
**Review by Audit and Risk Management Committee and Auditor**
The condensed consolidated interim financial information of Link for the six months ended 30 September 2021 has been reviewed by the Audit and Risk Management Committee and Link’s auditor.
**Employee Unit Purchase Plan**
During the period under review, 315 eligible employees of the Manager and its subsidiaries participated in the EUPP, who together purchased 85,708 Units on the Stock Exchange through an independent third-party intermediary (currently, Bank of China (Hong Kong) Limited) for a total consideration of HK$6,357,538.30, of which an amount of HK$891,922.00 was subsidised by the Manager. The amount of subsidy for each eligible employee was determined in accordance with the rules of the EUPP with reference to such employee’s length of service and appraised performance.
**Link Together Initiatives**
During the period under review, upon the recommendation of the selection committee, the Board approved approximately HK$15.5 million of funding for selected projects under the Link Together Initiatives. The themes of the selected projects are in line with the objectives of the Link Together Initiatives, which are to promote the sustainable development of the communities around Link’s properties through supporting the well-being of the elderly and the disadvantaged and education, training and development of children and youth services in the geographies in which Link operates.
**Issue of New Units**
During the period under review, 10,038,914 new Units were issued at an issue price of HK$75.063 per Unit pursuant to the distribution reinvestment scheme in respect of the final distribution for the financial year ended 31 March 2021. Based on 2,090,637,780 Units in issue as at 30 September 2021, the number of new Units issued during the period under review represents approximately 0.48% of the Units in issue.
Buy-back, Sale or Redemption of Units
During the period under review, the Manager (on behalf of Link) bought back a total of 1,264,000 Units on the Stock Exchange at an aggregate consideration (excluding expenses) of approximately HK$82.45 million. Further details are set out as follows:
| Month | Number of Units bought back | Purchase price per Unit | Approximate aggregate consideration (excluding expenses) HK$'M |
|-------------|-----------------------------|-------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------|
| | | Highest HK$ | Lowest HK$ | |
| September | 1,264,000 | 67.35 | 64.35 | 82.45 |
All of the Units bought back were cancelled prior to the end of the period under review. All Unit buy-backs by the Manager during the period under review were carried out pursuant to the general mandate to buy back Units granted by the Unitholders and were made in the interests of Link and the Unitholders as a whole. The average cost (excluding expenses) of the Units bought back was approximately HK$65.23 per Unit.
Save as disclosed above, neither the Manager nor any of Link’s subsidiaries bought back, sold or redeemed any of the Units during the period under review.
Unitholder Statistics
As at 1 April 2021, there were 2,081,862,866 Units in issue. During the period under review, 10,038,914 new Units were issued and 1,264,000 Units were bought back and cancelled. As at 30 September 2021, there were 2,090,637,780 Units in issue, which were held by 21,343 registered Unitholders according to the register of Unitholders. HKSCC Nominees Limited (through which most holders hold their Units) remained as the single largest registered Unitholder holding 2,010,710,468 Units (approximately 96.18% of the issued Units).
Based on the closing price of HK$66.75 per Unit and 2,090,637,780 Units then in issue, the market capitalisation of Link as at 30 September 2021 was approximately HK$139.6 billion. Please see Note 25 to the condensed consolidated interim financial information in this report for further details.
Public Float
Based on the information publicly available to the Manager, Link continues to meet the required public float of no less than 25% of its issued Units in public hands.
As at the date of this report, Link does not have any controlling nor substantial unitholders (has the meaning of “substantial unitholder” under 8.1 of the REIT Code, i.e. entitled to exercise, or control the exercise of, 10% or more of the voting power at any general meeting of Link or any of its subsidiaries) (“Substantial Unitholder(s)”.
Investor Relations
The Manager continually communicates with the investment community to ensure that analysts, retail and institutional investors are sufficiently informed, and to gauge their views on the business objectives, activities and future direction of Link. There are currently 17 equity research analysts actively covering Link. Since April 2021, the Manager participated in the following events:
| Event | Number |
|--------------------------------------------|--------|
| Individual meetings and conference calls | 320 individuals |
| Self-organised investor day | 1 |
| Investor conferences/corporate days | 10 |
| Post-results/non-deal roadshows | 4 |
Acquisition and Disposal of Real Estate
As at 1 April 2021, Link’s portfolio comprised 134 assets (including 127 investment properties in Hong Kong, five investment properties in Mainland, one investment property in Australia and one investment property in the United Kingdom). A list and relevant details of those properties can be found on pages 167 to 206 of the “Governance, Disclosures and Financial Statements” report of Link’s Annual Report 2020/2021.
During the period under review, the following acquisitions took place:
- the acquisition of a 50% interest in a commercial property known as “七寶萬科廣場” (Qibao Vanke Plaza) in Shanghai by Link at an initial consideration of approximately RMB2,772 million (subject to completion adjustments) which was completed on 2 April 2021 (details of which were disclosed in the announcements dated 24 February and 6 April 2021 issued by Link). Such investment is classified as a Qualified Minority-owned Property; and
- the acquisition of a property known as “太陽新天地購物中心” (Happy Valley Shopping Mall) in Guangzhou by Link at an initial consideration of approximately RMB2,099 million (subject to completion adjustments) which was completed on 28 June 2021 (details of which were disclosed in the announcements dated 4 June and 28 June 2021 issued by Link).
Save as disclosed above, there were no material acquisitions or disposals of Link’s properties during the period under review.
As at 30 September 2021, Link’s portfolio comprised 136 assets (including 127 investment properties in Hong Kong, seven investment properties in Mainland, one investment property in Australia and one investment property in the United Kingdom).
Subsequent to the financial period end, the following acquisitions took place:
- the acquisition of 75% interests in two logistics properties in Dongguan and Foshan by Link at an initial consideration of RMB754 million (subject to completion adjustments) which was completed on 27 October 2021. The total consideration for the two logistics properties acquired was less than 1% of GAV of Link and considered immaterial to Link. As such, no announcement has been made by Link pursuant to 10.4(ga) of the REIT Code. Details of the acquisition can be found on pages 12 and 23 of this report;
- the acquisition of 50% interests in three iconic retail properties in Sydney, Australia, namely Queen Victoria Building, The Galeries and The Strand Arcade by Link at an aggregate consideration of approximately AUD538.2 million (subject to completion adjustments) on 5 November 2021 (details of which were disclosed in the announcement dated 7 November 2021 issued by Link); and
- the acquisition of two institutional grade car park/car services centres and godown buildings in Hong Kong by Link at an aggregate consideration of HK$5,820 million (subject to completion adjustments) on 10 November 2021 (details of which were disclosed in the announcement dated 10 November 2021 issued by Link).
Property Development and Related Activities
There are no further updates on property development and related activities pursuant to 7.2A of the REIT Code. As at 30 September 2021, GAV Cap has not been applied, therefore 25% of GAV was available for property development and related activities under the REIT Code and the Trust Deed.
## Relevant Investments
The Relevant Investments made by Link as of 30 September 2021 are set out below:
| Debt securities | Primary listing | Currency | Credit rating | Total cost HK$’000 | Mark-to-market value HK$’000 | Percentage of gross asset value(1) |
|--------------------------|-----------------|----------|---------------|--------------------|-------------------------------|------------------------------------|
| | | | S&P | Moody’s | Fitch | |
| HRINTH 3.625 11/22/21 | HKEx | USD | BBB | – | BBB | 63,401 | 62,792 | 0.03 |
| BCLMHK 4 01/22/22 | HKEx | USD | A– | – | A | 12,530 | 12,328 | 0.01 |
| CHJMAO 3.6 03/03/22 | HKEx | USD | BBB– | Baa3 | BBB– | 92,931 | 92,014 | 0.04 |
| SINOCIE 5.25 04/30/22 | HKEx | USD | – | Baa3 | BBB– | 39,016 | 37,946 | 0.02 |
| CICCHK 3.375 05/03/22 | HKEx | USD | BBB | – | BBB+ | 47,067 | 47,319 | 0.02 |
| CICCCHK Float 05/03/22 | HKEx | USD | BBB | – | BBB+ | 80,349 | 79,447 | 0.04 |
| CATIC 3.5 05/31/22 | HKEx | USD | – | Baa1 | A– | 47,082 | 47,278 | 0.02 |
| LNGFOR 3.875 07/13/22 | SGX | USD | – | – | BBB | 59,229 | 58,552 | 0.03 |
| HAOHUA 3.5 07/19/22 | SGX | USD | BBB | – | A | 94,314 | 95,172 | 0.04 |
| GJIANT 3.375 07/25/22 | HKEx | USD | – | – | A+ | 156,185 | 158,252 | 0.07 |
| CHIOLI 3.95 11/15/22 | HKEx | USD | BBB+ | Baa1 | – | 24,048 | 24,056 | 0.01 |
| YUEXIU 4.5 01/24/23 | HKEx | USD | – | Baa3 | BBB– | 47,297 | 47,318 | 0.02 |
| POLYRE 3.95 02/05/23 | HKEx | USD | BBB– | Baa3 | BBB+ | 266,371 | 270,685 | 0.13 |
| HAOHUA 4.625 03/14/23 | SGX | USD | BBB | Baa3 | BBB+ | 65,204 | 65,337 | 0.03 |
| VNKRLE 4.15 04/18/23 | HKEx | USD | BBB | Baa2 | BBB+ | 80,310 | 80,768 | 0.04 |
| VNKRLE Float 05/25/23 | HKEx | USD | BBB | Baa2 | BBB+ | 7,853 | 7,787 | 0.004 |
| PINGIN 4.375 09/10/23 | SGX | USD | – | Baa2 | – | 65,035 | 65,191 | 0.03 |
| POLYRE 4.75 09/17/23 | HKEx | USD | BBB– | Baa3 | BBB+ | 47,203 | 47,357 | 0.02 |
| YUEXIU 5.375 10/19/23 | HKEx | USD | – | Baa3 | BBB– | 90,771 | 90,996 | 0.04 |
| HYNMTR 4.3 02/01/24 | FRA | USD | BBB+ | Baa1 | – | 204,052 | 208,963 | 0.10 |
| VNKRLE 5.35 03/11/24 | HKEx | USD | BBB | Baa2 | BBB+ | 64,328 | 64,893 | 0.03 |
| CHIOLI 5.95 05/08/24 | HKEx | USD | BBB+ | Baa1 | A– | 17,426 | 17,331 | 0.01 |
| CCBL 3.5 05/16/24 | HKEx | USD | A | – | A | 156,630 | 164,619 | 0.08 |
| SHGANG 4 05/23/24 | SGX | USD | – | – | A– | 94,278 | 98,542 | 0.05 |
| YXREIT 3.6 05/28/24 | Unlisted | HKD | – | Baa3 | – | 30,000 | 30,675 | 0.01 |
| VNKRLE 4.2 06/07/24 | HKEx | USD | BBB | Baa2 | BBB+ | 38,914 | 40,019 | 0.02 |
| HAOHUA 3.375 06/19/24 | SGX | USD | – | Baa2 | A– | 39,863 | 40,793 | 0.02 |
| CHJMAO 4 06/21/24 | HKEx | USD | BBB– | – | – | 53,159 | 53,459 | 0.02 |
| WB 3.5 07/05/24 | HKEx | USD | BBB | Baa2 | – | 39,923 | 40,561 | 0.02 |
| CNBG 3.375 07/16/24 | HKEx | USD | BBB | – | A– | 127,189 | 130,507 | 0.06 |
| JOHNEL 4.125 07/30/24 | HKEx | USD | BBB | Baa1 | – | 41,682 | 42,935 | 0.02 |
| HRINTH 3.25 11/13/24 | HKEx | USD | – | Baa3 | BBB | 46,842 | 44,145 | 0.02 |
| **Total** | | | | | | **2,340,484** | **2,368,037** | **1.10** |
Note:
(1) “Gross asset value” is calculated by reference to the latest published accounts of Link as adjusted for any distribution declared and change in valuation (if any) subsequent to the publication of the accounts. “Percentage of gross asset value” is calculated based on the mark-to-market value of the Relevant Investments.
Based on the above, the portfolio of Relevant Investments represented approximately 1.10% of the gross asset value of Link as of 30 September 2021 (after adjusting for the interim distribution declared). The combined value of the Relevant Investments together with other investments of types referred to in 7.2C of the REIT Code represented approximately 3.1% of the gross asset value of Link as of 30 September 2021 (after adjusting for the interim distribution declared), and therefore is within the Maximum Cap.
The full investment portfolio of Relevant Investments is updated monthly and published within five business days of the end of each calendar month on Link’s corporate website: Linkreit.com.
Guaranteed Green Convertible Bonds due 2024
On 3 April 2019, Link CB Limited (formerly known as Link 2019 CB Limited), a wholly-owned SPV of Link, completed the issue of HK$4,000,000,000 1.60% guaranteed green convertible bonds due 2024 (the “Convertible Bonds”) which are convertible into new Units at an initial conversion price of HK$109.39 per Unit (subject to adjustment) with a maturity of five years. The Convertible Bonds were listed on the Stock Exchange on 4 April 2019 with stock code number 5936.
Link believes that the issue of the Convertible Bonds is in the best interests of Link and its Unitholders as a whole as the Convertible Bonds will replenish Link’s maturing facilities, diversify Link’s funding sources, expand its investor base and increase the trading liquidity of its Units.
Based on the initial conversion price of HK$109.39 per Unit, the number of new Units to be issued upon full conversion of the Convertible Bonds are approximately 36,566,413 Units.
Link intended to use the net proceeds (after deduction of fees, commissions and other related expenses) of approximately HK$3,974,000,000 from the issue of the Convertible Bonds to refinance or fund, in whole or in part, existing and future eligible green projects selected in accordance with certain eligibility criteria as prescribed under and for general corporate purposes and in accordance with Link’s green finance framework. The net proceeds were used to refinance or fund Link’s eligible green projects and general corporate purposes that fit its green finance framework which received external validation from Sustainalytics and the Hong Kong Quality Assurance Agency.
As of the date of this report, no conversion of the Convertible Bonds had been exercised by any holders of the Convertible Bonds and no redemption of the Convertible Bonds was made by Link CB Limited.
For details of the Convertible Bonds issue, please refer to the announcements dated 7 March, 8 March and 3 April 2019 issued by Link.
Amendments to the Trust Deed and Compliance Manual
Trust Deed
On 30 July 2021, with Unitholders’ approval given by way of special resolutions, certain provisions in the Trust Deed were amended. Key amendments of the Trust Deed included (i) amending the definition of “Adjustments” in relation to computing Total Distributable Income (as defined in the Trust Deed); (ii) increasing the investment limit for Property Development and Related Activities (as defined in the Trust Deed); (iii) providing greater flexibility in the conduct of general meetings of Unitholders; and (iv) making certain minor amendments to the Trust Deed. All amendments were detailed in the circular of Link dated 29 June 2021. The Manager and the Trustee entered into the Second Amending and Restating Deed dated 30 July 2021 to make relevant amendments to the Trust Deed.
Compliance Manual
On 30 July 2021, the Compliance Manual was updated to (i) align with the amendments to the Trust Deed; (ii) incorporate the updated terms of reference of the Board Committees; and (iii) reflect the latest business practices and operations of Link (including the Manager).
Distribution Reinvestment Scheme
On 10 November 2021, the Board declared an interim distribution of HK$159.59 cents per Unit (the “Interim Distribution”) for the six months ended 30 September 2021 payable on Friday, 31 December 2021, to the Unitholders whose names appear on the register of Unitholders on Thursday, 25 November 2021 (the “Record Date”). The Board further announced that a distribution reinvestment scheme will be made available to eligible Unitholders on the Record Date. Eligible Unitholders may elect to receive the Interim Distribution, wholly in cash or wholly in new Units or a combination of both. An announcement giving further information of such scheme will be published on or around Thursday, 25 November 2021, and a circular containing details of such scheme together with the relevant election form or revocation notice will be despatched to Unitholders on or around Thursday, 2 December 2021. A distribution reinvestment scheme was made available to Unitholders from 2007 to 2013 and from 2020.
Details of the Interim Distribution and interim DPU for the six months ended 30 September 2021 appear on page 52 of this report. The ex-distribution date, closure of register of Unitholders date, Record Date, and payment date for the Interim Distribution appear on page 84 of this report.
Changes after Financial Period End
This report has taken into account changes occurred since the end of the six-month period on 30 September 2021 up to the date of approval of this report by the Board on 10 November 2021.
Hong Kong, 10 November 2021
Disclosure of Interests
Interests and Short Positions of Unitholders Required to be Disclosed Under the SFO
According to the disclosure of interests to the Stock Exchange and the Manager pursuant to the provisions of Part XV of the SFO and the register kept by the Manager, the following persons held an interest of 5% or more in Units and/or underlying Units as at 30 September 2021:
| Name | Capacity | Number of Units/underlying Units in long position (L)/short position (S) | Approximate percentage of total Units in issue\(^{(3)}\) % |
|-----------------------------|-----------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------|
| BlackRock, Inc.\(^{(1)}\) | Interest of controlled corporations | (L) 187,224,524\(^{(1)}\) | 8.95 |
| | | (S) 373,370\(^{(1)}\) | 0.01 |
| Stichting Pensioenfonds ABP\(^{(2)}\) | Investment manager | (L) 110,977,977\(^{(2)}\) | 5.30 |
Notes:
(1) The long position interests of BlackRock, Inc. in 187,224,524 Units and short position interests in 373,370 Units were held through its various controlled corporations. The interests shown in the above table include certain long position interests (174,100 underlying Units) and certain short position interests (222,370 underlying Units) in cash settled unlisted derivatives.
(2) APG Asset Management N.V. is a wholly-owned subsidiary of APG Groep N.V. which itself is a non-wholly owned subsidiary of Stichting Pensioenfonds ABP. Therefore, APG Asset Management N.V., APG Groep N.V. and Stichting Pensioenfonds ABP were interested or deemed to be interested in the same batch of 110,977,977 Units as shown in the above table.
(3) The approximate percentages were calculated based on 2,090,637,780 Units in issue as at 30 September 2021 (rounded down to two decimal places).
Save as disclosed above, based on the disclosure of interests to the Stock Exchange and the Manager pursuant to the provisions of Part XV of the SFO and the register kept by the Manager, there were no other persons having an interest of 5% or more in the Units and/or underlying Units as at 30 September 2021.
## Interests of Directors in Units
According to the disclosure of interests to the Stock Exchange and the Manager pursuant to the provisions of Part XV of the SFO and the register kept by the Manager, the interests of the Directors in Units and underlying Units as at 30 September 2021 were as follows:
| Name | Personal interest<sup>(1)</sup> | Family interest | Corporate interest | Other interest | Interest in underlying Units<sup>(2)</sup> | Total interest held at 30 Sep 2021 | Approximate percentage of total Units in issue<sup>(3)</sup> | Total interest held at 31 Mar 2021 |
|-------------------------------------------|---------------------------------|-----------------|--------------------|---------------|---------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------|
| **Chairman (also an Independent Non-Executive Director)** | | | | | | | | |
| Nicholas Charles ALLEN | 129,072<sup>(4)</sup> | – | – | – | 54,983 | 184,055 | 0.0088 | 162,256 |
| **Executive Directors** | | | | | | | | |
| George Kwok Lung HONGCHOY | 539,560 | – | – | – | 2,184,937 | 2,724,497 | 0.1303 | 2,900,480 |
| NG Kok Siong | 67,280 | – | – | – | 450,760 | 518,040 | 0.0247 | 478,694 |
| **Non-Executive Director** | | | | | | | | |
| Ian Keith GRIFFITHS | 86,314 | – | – | – | 16,924 | 103,238 | 0.0049 | 96,326 |
| **Independent Non-Executive Directors** | | | | | | | | |
| Christopher John BROOKE | 8,914 | – | – | – | 17,903 | 26,817 | 0.0012 | 18,926 |
| Ed CHAN Yiu Cheong | 8,000 | – | – | – | 18,815 | 26,815 | 0.0012 | 24,816 |
| Jenny GU Jialin | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Lincoln LEONG Kwok Kuen | – | – | – | – | 7,132 | 7,132 | 0.0003 | – |
| Blair Chilton PICKERELL | 8,500 | – | – | – | 19,089 | 27,589 | 0.0013 | 25,722 |
| TAN Poh Lee | 26,162 | – | 12,787 | – | 18,100 | 57,049 | 0.0027 | 49,670 |
| May Siew Boi TAN | 144,091 | – | – | – | 21,472 | 165,563 | 0.0079 | 156,758 |
| Peter TSE Pak Wing | 39,878 | – | – | – | 19,601 | 59,479 | 0.0028 | 51,753 |
| Nancy TSE Sau Ling | 35,161 | – | – | – | 18,100 | 53,261 | 0.0025 | 46,129 |
| Elaine Carole YOUNG | 47,195 | – | – | – | 18,815 | 66,010 | 0.0031 | 34,066 |
Notes:
(1) Directors’ personal interests in Units as stated above were long position interests. There were no short position interests held by any Director.
(2) Directors’ interests in underlying Units as stated above were long position interests and represent the maximum number of Units which may be vested with the Directors under the Long-term Incentive Scheme. Please refer to the ‘Long-term Incentive Scheme’ section on pages 41 to 46 of this report for details. Additional Units beyond this amount may be vested subject to approval of the Remuneration Committee of the Manager.
(3) The approximate percentages were calculated based on 2,090,637,780 Units in issue as at 30 September 2021 (rounded down to four decimal places).
(4) The personal interest of Mr Nicholas Charles ALLEN in 77,500 Units was held in an account in joint names with his spouse.
Save as disclosed above and so far as the Manager is aware, none of the Directors or any of their respective associates held any interests in Units (or, as the case may be, shares) or underlying Units (or, as the case may be, underlying shares) or debentures of Link and/or its subsidiaries which were required to be disclosed pursuant to the provisions of Part XV of the SFO as at 30 September 2021.
Interests of Connected Persons in Units and Securities
After making reasonable enquiries and according to the information available to the Manager, as at 30 September 2021, the following persons (other than any Substantial Unitholder and the Directors and any of their respective associates\(^{(3)}\) being connected persons (as defined in Chapter 8 of the REIT Code) to Link, held the following interests in the Units and securities issued by Link or its SPVs:
1. **Interests in Units**
| Name | Number of Units held at 30 Sep 2021 | Approximate percentage of total Units in issue\(^{(2)}\) % | Number of Units held at 31 Mar 2021 |
|------|-----------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------|
| The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited ("HSBC") and its subsidiaries\(^{(1)}\) | 2,150,887 | 0.10 | 1,265,660 |
Notes:
(1) The Trustee is a direct subsidiary of HSBC and hence HSBC and its subsidiaries are connected persons to Link. Save as disclosed in the table above, certain associates of the Trustee were also interested in 579 Units as at 30 September 2021.
(2) The approximate percentage was calculated based on 2,090,637,780 Units in issue as at 30 September 2021.
(3) As at 30 September 2021, Link did not have any Substantial Unitholders. The interests in Units held by the Directors (including the CEO and the CFO (who is also a director of certain subsidiaries of Link)) as at 30 September 2021 are disclosed in the ‘Interests of Directors in Units’ section above.
In addition, as at 30 September 2021, Mr Gary FOK Yip Sang (being a director of certain subsidiaries of Link), Ms Phyllis NG Yuen Fan (being a director of certain subsidiaries of Link) and Mr Max WONG Hon Keung (being a director of a subsidiary of Link), together with their respective associates were interested in 137,012, 60,626 and 125,712 Units respectively.
2. **Interests in Green Bond and/or Notes issued under the MTN Programme**
(a) HK$589 million HKD-denominated notes due 2021 issued on 3 October 2011 at 3.3% coupon rate by The Link Finance (Cayman) 2009 Limited, a subsidiary of Link
| Name | Nominal amount held at 30 Sep 2021 HK$ | Approximate percentage of total nominal amount\(^{(1)}\) % | Nominal amount held at 31 Mar 2021 HK$ |
|------|---------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------|
| HSBC and its subsidiaries | 300,000,000 | 50.93 | 300,000,000 |
Note:
(1) The approximate percentage was calculated based on the total nominal amount of HK$589 million of the above-mentioned HKD-denominated notes.
(b) HK$500 million HKD-denominated notes due 2027 issued on 28 June 2012 at 3.55% coupon rate by The Link Finance (Cayman) 2009 Limited
| Name | Nominal amount held at 30 Sep 2021 HK$ | Approximate percentage of total nominal amount\(^{(1)}\) % | Nominal amount held at 31 Mar 2021 HK$ |
|------|---------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------|
| HSBC and its subsidiaries | 100,000,000 | 20.00 | 100,000,000 |
Note:
(1) The approximate percentage was calculated based on the total nominal amount of HK$500 million of the above-mentioned HKD-denominated notes.
(c) HK$500 million HKD-denominated notes due 2028 issued on 8 February 2013 at 3.1% coupon rate by The Link Finance (Cayman) 2009 Limited
| Name | Nominal amount held at 30 Sep 2021 HK$ | Approximate percentage of total nominal amount(1) % | Nominal amount held at 31 Mar 2021 HK$ |
|-----------------------------|----------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------|
| HSBC and its subsidiaries | 50,000,000 | 10.00 | 50,000,000 |
Note:
(1) The approximate percentage was calculated based on the total nominal amount of HK$500 million of the above-mentioned HKD-denominated notes.
(d) US$500 million USD-denominated notes due 2024 issued on 3 September 2014 at 3.6% coupon rate by The Link Finance (Cayman) 2009 Limited
| Name | Nominal amount held at 30 Sep 2021 US$ | Approximate percentage of total nominal amount(1) % | Nominal amount held at 31 Mar 2021 US$ |
|-----------------------------|----------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------|
| HSBC and its subsidiaries | 34,171,000 | 6.83 | 34,171,000 |
Note:
(1) The approximate percentage was calculated based on the total nominal amount of US$500 million of the above-mentioned USD-denominated notes.
(e) US$500 million green bond due 2026 issued on 21 July 2016 at 2.875% coupon rate by The Link Finance (Cayman) 2009 Limited ("Green Bond")
| Name | Nominal amount held at 30 Sep 2021 US$ | Approximate percentage of total nominal amount(1) % | Nominal amount held at 31 Mar 2021 US$ |
|-----------------------------|----------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------|
| HSBC and its subsidiaries | 35,000 | 0.01 | 10,035,000 |
Note:
(1) The approximate percentage was calculated based on the total nominal amount of US$500 million of the Green Bond.
3. Interests in Guaranteed Green Convertible Bonds due 2024
HK$4 billion HKD-denominated guaranteed green convertible bonds due 2024 issued on 3 April 2019 at 1.6% coupon rate by Link CB Limited, a subsidiary of Link ("Convertible Bonds")
| Name | Aggregate amount held at 30 Sep 2021 HK$ | Approximate percentage of total principal amount\(^{(1)}\) % | Aggregate amount held at 31 Mar 2021 HK$ |
|-----------------------------|------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------|
| HSBC and its subsidiaries | 68,000,000 | 1.70 | 16,000,000 |
Note:
(1) The approximate percentage was calculated based on the aggregate principal amount of HK$4 billion of the Convertible Bonds.
## Long-term Incentive Scheme
### 2017 LTI Scheme
The 2017 LTI Scheme was adopted on 10 July 2017, pursuant to which Awards may be granted to Directors and selected key employees of the Manager, the Manager’s subsidiaries and SPVs of Link.
Awards which may be granted under the 2017 LTI Scheme comprise (i) Restricted Unit Awards (to be satisfied by purchase of Units through a third-party intermediary from the open stock market upon vesting); and (ii) Conditional Cash Awards (to be satisfied by cash payments equal to the aggregate DPU over the vesting period multiplied by the actual number of Units that may finally vest).
A summary of the rules of the 2017 LTI Scheme were set out on pages 76 and 77 of the ‘Governance, Disclosures and Financial Statements’ report in Link’s Annual Report 2020/2021.
### Movements of Restricted Unit Awards
Movements in Restricted Unit Awards\(^{(1)}\) under the 2017 LTI Scheme during the six months ended 30 September 2021 and the balances at the beginning and the end of the period were as follows:
| Name / Position | Date of grant | Vesting period | Outstanding at 1 Apr 2021 | Granted during the period\(^{(2)}\) | Vested during the period\(^{(3)}\) | Cancelled during the period\(^{(4)}\) | Lapsed during the period\(^{(5)}\) | Outstanding at 30 Sep 2021 | Values recognised during the period\(^{(6)}\) HK$’000 | Aggregate of values recognised up to 30 Sep 2021\(^{(6)}\) HK$’000 |
|-----------------|---------------|----------------|--------------------------|-----------------------------------|----------------------------------|----------------------------------|--------------------------------|--------------------------|-------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------|
| **Directors** | | | | | | | | | | |
| Nicholas Charles ALLEN (Independent Non-Executive Director) | 4 Jul 2018 | 4 Jul 2018 to 30 Jun 2021 | 10,500 | – | (10,500) | – | – | – | 129 | 877 |
| | 5 Jul 2019 | 5 Jul 2019 to 30 Jun 2021 | 8,072 | – | (8,072) | – | – | – | 123 | 653 |
| | 5 Jul 2019 | 5 Jul 2019 to 30 Jun 2022 | 8,072 | – | – | – | – | 8,072 | 85 | 439 |
| | 29 Jul 2020 | 29 Jul 2020 to 30 Jun 2022 | 12,556 | – | – | – | – | 12,556 | 205 | 547 |
| | 29 Jul 2020 | 29 Jul 2020 to 30 Jun 2023 | 12,556 | – | – | – | – | 12,556 | 137 | 364 |
| | 7 Jul 2021 | 7 Jul 2021 to 30 Jun 2023 | – | 10,899 | – | – | – | 10,899 | 91 | 91 |
| | 7 Jul 2021 | 7 Jul 2021 to 30 Jun 2024 | – | 10,900 | – | – | – | 10,900 | 61 | 61 |
| George Kwok Lung HONGCHOY (Executive Director) | 4 Jul 2018 | 4 Jul 2018 to 30 Jun 2021 | 518,763\(^{(7)}\) | – | (118,500) | – | (400,263) | – | 5,268 | 12,439 |
| | 5 Jul 2019 | 5 Jul 2019 to 30 Jun 2021 | 591,693\(^{(7)}\) | – | – | – | – | 591,693 | 1,016 | 9,724 |
| | 5 Jul 2019 | 5 Jul 2019 to 30 Jun 2022 | 591,693\(^{(7)}\) | – | – | – | – | 591,693 | 337 | 6,015 |
| | 29 Jul 2020 | 29 Jul 2020 to 30 Jun 2022 | 392,894 | – | – | – | – | 392,894 | 6,421 | 17,103 |
| | 29 Jul 2020 | 29 Jul 2020 to 30 Jun 2023 | 392,894 | – | – | – | – | 392,894 | 4,281 | 11,402 |
| | 7 Jul 2021 | 7 Jul 2021 to 30 Jun 2023 | – | 403,727\(^{(7)}\) | – | – | – | 403,727 | 3,372 | 3,372 |
| | 7 Jul 2021 | 7 Jul 2021 to 30 Jun 2024 | – | 403,729\(^{(7)}\) | – | – | – | 403,729 | 2,338 | 2,338 |
---
\(^{(1)}\) The movements of Restricted Unit Awards for the six months ended 30 September 2021 have been restated to reflect the impact of the change in accounting policy for share-based payment transactions as disclosed in Note 2 to the Interim Financial Statements.
\(^{(2)}\) Represents the number of Units granted during the period.
\(^{(3)}\) Represents the number of Units vested during the period.
\(^{(4)}\) Represents the number of Units cancelled during the period.
\(^{(5)}\) Represents the number of Units lapsed during the period.
\(^{(6)}\) Represents the value recognised during the period.
\(^{(7)}\) Represents the number of Units granted on 4 July 2018 and 5 July 2019, respectively.
| Name (Position) | Date of grant | Vesting period | Outstanding at 1 Apr 2021 | Granted during the period | Vested during the period | Cancelled during the period | Lapsed during the period | Outstanding at 30 Sep 2021 | Values recognised during the period HK$'000 | Aggregate of values recognised up to 30 Sep 2021 HK$'000 |
|---------------------------------|---------------|-------------------------|---------------------------|---------------------------|--------------------------|----------------------------|---------------------------|---------------------------------|---------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------|
| NG Kok Siong (Executive Director) | 4 Jul 2018 | 4 Jul 2018 to 30 Jun 2021 | 65,800 | – | (15,030) | – | (50,770) | – | 668 | 1,578 |
| | 5 Jul 2019 | 5 Jul 2019 to 30 Jun 2021 | 116,443 | – | – | – | (116,443) | – | 200 | 1,914 |
| | 5 Jul 2019 | 5 Jul 2019 to 30 Jun 2022 | 116,443 | – | – | – | – | 116,443 | 66 | 1,184 |
| | 29 Jul 2020 | 29 Jul 2020 to 30 Jun 2022 | 63,879 | – | – | – | – | 63,879 | 1,044 | 2,781 |
| | 29 Jul 2020 | 29 Jul 2020 to 30 Jun 2023 | 63,879 | – | – | – | – | 63,879 | 696 | 1,854 |
| | 7 Jul 2021 | 7 Jul 2021 to 30 Jun 2023 | – | 103,279 | – | – | – | 103,279 | 863 | 863 |
| | 7 Jul 2021 | 7 Jul 2021 to 30 Jun 2024 | – | 103,280 | – | – | – | 103,280 | 598 | 598 |
| Ian Keith Griffiths (Non-Executive Director) | 4 Jul 2018 | 4 Jul 2018 to 30 Jun 2021 | 3,250 | – | (3,250) | – | – | – | 40 | 272 |
| | 5 Jul 2019 | 5 Jul 2019 to 30 Jun 2021 | 2,414 | – | (2,414) | – | – | – | 37 | 195 |
| | 5 Jul 2019 | 5 Jul 2019 to 30 Jun 2022 | 2,414 | – | – | – | – | 2,414 | 26 | 131 |
| | 29 Jul 2020 | 29 Jul 2020 to 30 Jun 2022 | 3,799 | – | – | – | – | 3,799 | 62 | 165 |
| | 29 Jul 2020 | 29 Jul 2020 to 30 Jun 2023 | 3,799 | – | – | – | – | 3,799 | 41 | 110 |
| | 7 Jul 2021 | 7 Jul 2021 to 30 Jun 2023 | – | 3,456 | – | – | – | 3,456 | 29 | 29 |
| | 7 Jul 2021 | 7 Jul 2021 to 30 Jun 2024 | – | 3,456 | – | – | – | 3,456 | 19 | 19 |
| Christopher John Brooke (Independent Non-Executive Director) | 4 Jul 2018 | 4 Jul 2018 to 30 Jun 2021 | 3,250 | – | (3,250) | – | – | – | 40 | 272 |
| | 5 Jul 2019 | 5 Jul 2019 to 30 Jun 2021 | 2,414 | – | (2,414) | – | – | – | 37 | 195 |
| | 5 Jul 2019 | 5 Jul 2019 to 30 Jun 2022 | 2,414 | – | – | – | – | 2,414 | 26 | 131 |
| | 29 Jul 2020 | 29 Jul 2020 to 30 Jun 2022 | 3,799 | – | – | – | – | 3,799 | 62 | 165 |
| | 29 Jul 2020 | 29 Jul 2020 to 30 Jun 2023 | 3,799 | – | – | – | – | 3,799 | 41 | 110 |
| | 7 Jul 2021 | 7 Jul 2021 to 30 Jun 2023 | – | 3,945 | – | – | – | 3,945 | 33 | 33 |
| | 7 Jul 2021 | 7 Jul 2021 to 30 Jun 2024 | – | 3,946 | – | – | – | 3,946 | 22 | 22 |
| Name (Position) | Date of grant | Vesting period | Outstanding at 1 Apr 2021 | Granted during the period | Vested during the period | Cancelled during the period | Lapsed during the period | Outstanding at 30 Sep 2021 | Values recognised during the period HK$’000 | Aggregate of values recognised up to 30 Sep 2021 HK$’000 |
|---------------------------------|---------------|-------------------------|---------------------------|----------------------------|--------------------------|----------------------------|---------------------------|---------------------------------|---------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------|
| Ed CHAN Yiu Cheang (Independent Non-Executive Director) | 4 Jul 2018 | 4 Jul 2018 to 30 Jun 2021 | 3,250 | – | – | (3,250) | – | – | 40 | 272 |
| | 5 Jul 2019 | 5 Jul 2019 to 30 Jun 2021 | 2,642 | – | – | (2,642) | – | – | 40 | 214 |
| | 5 Jul 2019 | 5 Jul 2019 to 30 Jun 2022 | 2,642 | – | – | – | – | 2,642 | 28 | 144 |
| | 29 Jul 2020 | 29 Jul 2020 to 30 Jun 2022 | 4,141 | – | – | – | – | 4,141 | 68 | 180 |
| | 29 Jul 2020 | 29 Jul 2020 to 30 Jun 2023 | 4,141 | – | – | – | – | 4,141 | 45 | 120 |
| | 7 Jul 2021 | 7 Jul 2021 to 30 Jun 2023 | – | 3,948 | – | – | – | 3,945 | 33 | 33 |
| | 7 Jul 2021 | 7 Jul 2021 to 30 Jun 2024 | – | 3,946 | – | – | – | 3,946 | 22 | 22 |
| Jenny GU Jialin (Independent Non-Executive Director) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Lincoln LEONG Kwok Kuen (Independent Non-Executive Director) | 7 Jul 2021 | 7 Jul 2021 to 30 Jun 2023 | – | 3,566 | – | – | – | 3,566 | 30 | 30 |
| | 7 Jul 2021 | 7 Jul 2021 to 30 Jun 2024 | – | 3,566 | – | – | – | 3,566 | 20 | 20 |
| Blair Chilton PICKERELL (Independent Non-Executive Director) | 4 Jul 2018 | 4 Jul 2018 to 30 Jun 2021 | 3,250 | – | – | (3,250) | – | – | 40 | 272 |
| | 5 Jul 2019 | 5 Jul 2019 to 30 Jun 2021 | 2,719 | – | – | (2,719) | – | – | 41 | 220 |
| | 5 Jul 2019 | 5 Jul 2019 to 30 Jun 2022 | 2,719 | – | – | – | – | 2,719 | 29 | 148 |
| | 29 Jul 2020 | 29 Jul 2020 to 30 Jun 2022 | 4,267 | – | – | – | – | 4,267 | 70 | 186 |
| | 29 Jul 2020 | 29 Jul 2020 to 30 Jun 2023 | 4,267 | – | – | – | – | 4,267 | 46 | 124 |
| | 7 Jul 2021 | 7 Jul 2021 to 30 Jun 2023 | – | 3,918 | – | – | – | 3,918 | 33 | 33 |
| | 7 Jul 2021 | 7 Jul 2021 to 30 Jun 2024 | – | 3,918 | – | – | – | 3,918 | 22 | 22 |
| Name (Position) | Date of grant | Vesting period | Outstanding at 1 Apr 2021 | Granted during the period | Vested during the period | Cancelled during the period | Lapsed during the period | Outstanding at 30 Sep 2021 | Values recognised during the period HK$’000 | Aggregate of values recognised up to 30 Sep 2021 HK$’000 |
|---------------------------------|---------------|-------------------------|---------------------------|----------------------------|--------------------------|-----------------------------|---------------------------|---------------------------------|---------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------|
| Poh Lee TAN (Independent Non-Executive Director) | 4 Jul 2018 | 4 Jul 2018 to 30 Jun 2021 | 3,500 | – | (3,500) | – | – | – | 43 | 293 |
| | 5 Jul 2019 | 5 Jul 2019 to 30 Jun 2021 | 2,662 | – | (2,662) | – | – | – | 40 | 215 |
| | 5 Jul 2019 | 5 Jul 2019 to 30 Jun 2022 | 2,662 | – | – | – | – | 2,662 | 28 | 145 |
| | 29 Jul 2020 | 29 Jul 2020 to 30 Jun 2022 | 4,153 | – | – | – | – | 4,153 | 68 | 181 |
| | 29 Jul 2020 | 29 Jul 2020 to 30 Jun 2023 | 4,153 | – | – | – | – | 4,153 | 45 | 121 |
| | 7 Jul 2021 | 7 Jul 2021 to 30 Jun 2023 | – | 3,566 | – | – | – | 3,566 | 30 | 30 |
| | 7 Jul 2021 | 7 Jul 2021 to 30 Jun 2024 | – | 3,566 | – | – | – | 3,566 | 20 | 20 |
| May Siew Boi TAN (Independent Non-Executive Director) | 4 Jul 2018 | 4 Jul 2018 to 30 Jun 2021 | 4,000 | – | (4,000) | – | – | – | 49 | 333 |
| | 5 Jul 2019 | 5 Jul 2019 to 30 Jun 2021 | 3,091 | – | (3,091) | – | – | – | 47 | 250 |
| | 5 Jul 2019 | 5 Jul 2019 to 30 Jun 2022 | 3,091 | – | – | – | – | 3,091 | 33 | 168 |
| | 29 Jul 2020 | 29 Jul 2020 to 30 Jun 2022 | 4,788 | – | – | – | – | 4,788 | 78 | 208 |
| | 29 Jul 2020 | 29 Jul 2020 to 30 Jun 2023 | 4,788 | – | – | – | – | 4,788 | 52 | 139 |
| | 7 Jul 2021 | 7 Jul 2021 to 30 Jun 2023 | – | 4,402 | – | – | – | 4,402 | 37 | 37 |
| | 7 Jul 2021 | 7 Jul 2021 to 30 Jun 2024 | – | 4,403 | – | – | – | 4,403 | 24 | 24 |
| Peter TSE Pak Wing (Independent Non-Executive Director) | 4 Jul 2018 | 4 Jul 2018 to 30 Jun 2021 | 3,750 | – | (3,750) | – | – | – | 46 | 313 |
| | 5 Jul 2019 | 5 Jul 2019 to 30 Jun 2021 | 2,878 | – | (2,878) | – | – | – | 44 | 233 |
| | 5 Jul 2019 | 5 Jul 2019 to 30 Jun 2022 | 2,877 | – | – | – | – | 2,877 | 30 | 156 |
| | 29 Jul 2020 | 29 Jul 2020 to 30 Jun 2022 | 4,499 | – | – | – | – | 4,499 | 74 | 196 |
| | 29 Jul 2020 | 29 Jul 2020 to 30 Jun 2023 | 4,499 | – | – | – | – | 4,499 | 49 | 131 |
| | 7 Jul 2021 | 7 Jul 2021 to 30 Jun 2023 | – | 3,863 | – | – | – | 3,863 | 32 | 32 |
| | 7 Jul 2021 | 7 Jul 2021 to 30 Jun 2024 | – | 3,863 | – | – | – | 3,863 | 21 | 21 |
| Name (Position) | Date of grant | Vesting period | Outstanding at 1 Apr 2021 | Granted during the period | Vested during the period | Cancelled during the period | Lapsed during the period | Outstanding at 30 Sep 2021 | Values recognised during the period HK$'000 | Aggregate of values recognised up to 30 Sep 2021 HK$'000 |
|---------------------------------|---------------|---------------------------------------|---------------------------|----------------------------|--------------------------|----------------------------|---------------------------|---------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------|
| Nancy TSE Sau Ling (Independent Non-Executive Director) | 4 Jul 2018 | 4 Jul 2018 to 30 Jun 2021 | 3,500 | – | (3,500) | – | – | – | 43 | 293 |
| | 5 Jul 2019 | 5 Jul 2019 to 30 Jun 2021 | 2,662 | – | (2,662) | – | – | – | 40 | 215 |
| | 5 Jul 2019 | 5 Jul 2019 to 30 Jun 2022 | 2,662 | – | – | – | – | 2,662 | 28 | 145 |
| | 29 Jul 2020 | 29 Jul 2020 to 30 Jun 2022 | 4,153 | – | – | – | – | 4,153 | 68 | 181 |
| | 29 Jul 2020 | 29 Jul 2020 to 30 Jun 2023 | 4,153 | – | – | – | – | 4,153 | 45 | 121 |
| | 7 Jul 2021 | 7 Jul 2021 to 30 Jun 2023 | – | 3,566 | – | – | – | 3,566 | 30 | 30 |
| | 7 Jul 2021 | 7 Jul 2021 to 30 Jun 2024 | – | 3,566 | – | – | – | 3,566 | 20 | 20 |
| Elaine Carole YOUNG (Independent Non-Executive Director) | 4 Jul 2018 | 4 Jul 2018 to 30 Jun 2021 | 3,500 | – | (3,500) | – | – | – | 43 | 293 |
| | 5 Jul 2019 | 5 Jul 2019 to 30 Jun 2021 | 2,642 | – | (2,642) | – | – | – | 40 | 214 |
| | 5 Jul 2019 | 5 Jul 2019 to 30 Jun 2022 | 2,642 | – | – | – | – | 2,642 | 28 | 144 |
| | 29 Jul 2020 | 29 Jul 2020 to 30 Jun 2022 | 4,141 | – | – | – | – | 4,141 | 68 | 180 |
| | 29 Jul 2020 | 29 Jul 2020 to 30 Jun 2023 | 4,141 | – | – | – | – | 4,141 | 45 | 120 |
| | 7 Jul 2021 | 7 Jul 2021 to 30 Jun 2023 | – | 3,945 | – | – | – | 3,945 | 33 | 33 |
| | 7 Jul 2021 | 7 Jul 2021 to 30 Jun 2024 | – | 3,946 | – | – | – | 3,946 | 22 | 22 |
| Other participants | In aggregate | 4 Jul 2018 | 305,798 | – | (69,019) | – | (236,779) | – | 3,070 | 7,245 |
| | 5 Jul 2019 | 5 Jul 2019 to 30 Jun 2021 | 335,068 | – | – | – | (335,068) | – | 570 | 5,456 |
| | 5 Jul 2019 | 5 Jul 2019 to 30 Jun 2022 | 335,068 | – | – | – | (3,051) | 332,017 | 190 | 3,375 |
| | 29 Jul 2020 | 29 Jul 2020 to 30 Jun 2022 | 282,168 | – | – | – | (3,043) | 279,125 | 4,561 | 12,151 |
| | 29 Jul 2020 | 29 Jul 2020 to 30 Jun 2023 | 282,168 | – | – | – | (3,043) | 279,125 | 3,043 | 8,100 |
| | 7 Jul 2021 | 7 Jul 2021 to 30 Jun 2023 | – | 466,862 | – | – | – | 466,862 | 3,897 | 3,897 |
| | 7 Jul 2021 | 7 Jul 2021 to 30 Jun 2024 | – | 466,927 | – | – | – | 466,927 | 2,705 | 2,705 |
| Total | | | 4,661,384 | 2,045,951 | (264,634) | (11,861) | (1,740,153) | 4,690,687 | 48,600 | 128,272 |
Notes:
(1) The Restricted Unit Awards in the above table were all granted in conjunction with Conditional Cash Awards. The aggregate weighted average value carried by the outstanding Conditional Cash Awards attached to the outstanding Restricted Unit Awards at the end of the period was HK$2.2915 per Unit.
(2) The closing price of the Units on the business day immediately preceding the date of grant of the Restricted Unit Awards during the period was HK$76.25 per Unit. On the assumption that the Restricted Unit Awards granted during the period were finally vested for the maximum number of Units, the estimated fair value of such Restricted Unit Awards would amount to approximately HK$137 million as at 30 September 2021 based on the valuation of an independent valuer.
(3) The closing price of the Units on the business day on which the relevant Restricted Unit Awards were vested during the period was HK$75.25 per Unit. Pursuant to the 2017 LTI Scheme, an aggregate cash payment of approximately HK$26.8 million was made to the EDs and other participants, which comprised: (i) HK$3.2 million for the Conditional Cash Awards and the Restricted Unit Awards; (ii) HK$6.6 million in “catch-up” adjustments, calculated by reference to the closing price of the Units on the vesting date; and (iii) HK$17 million in ex-gratia payments.
(4) These figures represent the maximum number of Units in respect of which the Restricted Unit Awards had lapsed or were cancelled during the period. The Conditional Cash Awards granted in conjunction with such Restricted Unit Awards had lapsed or were cancelled simultaneously.
(5) Values recognised during the period represent the amounts recognised in the condensed consolidated income statement under Hong Kong Financial Reporting Standards for the six months ended 30 September 2021. The values are estimated by an independent external valuer based on valuation techniques and assumptions on Unit price, outstanding length of the Awards and other market conditions, if appropriate, and charged to the condensed consolidated income statement over the vesting period.
(6) Aggregate of values recognised up to 30 September 2021 represents the aggregated amounts recognised in the financial statements under Hong Kong Financial Reporting Standards for the period from grant dates to 30 September 2021.
(7) These figures represent the maximum number of Units that may be purchased in the grantee’s favour on vesting of his/her relevant Restricted Unit Awards. Additional Units beyond this amount may be vested subject to approval of the Remuneration Committee of the Manager. The actual number of Units that will finally vest and be purchased for each relevant grantee may range from zero to such maximum number depending on whether, and to what extent, the relevant vesting conditions (if any) are met. The Restricted Unit Awards relating to the NED and INEDs are tenure-based only.
(8) Cash payments in lieu of Units were made to Mr Ed CHAN Yiu Cheong and Mr Blair Chilton PICKERELL pursuant to the 2017 LTI Scheme.
The Restricted Unit Awards and Conditional Cash Awards granted under the 2017 LTI Scheme are expensed through Link’s consolidated income statement over the relevant vesting period. Further details of the 2017 LTI Scheme are set out in Note 19 to the condensed consolidated interim financial information.
## Connected Party Transactions
### Connected Persons and Connected Party Transactions
The following table sets out income derived or expenses incurred by Link and/or its SPVs from or with connected persons (as defined under Chapter 8 of the REIT Code) below during the period under review:
| Name of connected person | Relationship with Link | Nature of the transactions | Income derived HK$’M | Expenses incurred HK$’M |
|--------------------------|------------------------|----------------------------|----------------------|-------------------------|
| Link Asset Management Limited and its subsidiaries | Manager and its delegates | Management fee<sup>(1)</sup> | N/A | (833) |
| HSBC Institutional Trust Services (Asia) Limited | Trustee | Trustee’s fee<sup>(2)</sup> | N/A | (8) |
| HSBC and its subsidiaries (excluding the Trustee and its proprietary subsidiaries) (“HSBC Group”) | Associates of Trustee | Tenancy/licence<sup>(3)</sup> | 18<sup>(4)</sup> | N/A |
| Aedas Limited and Aedas Beijing Limited | Associates of Mr Ian Keith GRIFFITHS | Interest income | 9 | N/A |
| | | Interest expenses/arrangement fees/bank charges/transaction fees<sup>(5)</sup> | N/A | (24) |
| | | Architectural and renovation consultancy services | N/A | (2) |
Notes:
(1) The Manager has delegated property management and administrative functions to its subsidiaries. The Manager and its subsidiaries recover their expenses from Link on a cost recovery basis.
(2) Trustee’s fee shall not be less than such amount as shall be equal to 0.006% per annum of the values of Link’s majority-owned properties in Hong Kong and minority-owned properties in any location and 0.015% per annum of the values of Link’s majority-owned properties outside Hong Kong respectively as determined in the latest annual valuation report prepared by the Principal Valuer, subject to a minimum of HK$150,000 per month.
(3) These included shops, ATMs, showcases and minor lettings at various locations within Link’s properties.
(4) Excluding deposits received.
(5) Including transaction fees paid by the Manager for buy-back of Units and other administration fees during the period under review.
Lease Transactions with Connected Persons
The following tenancies, with annual rents exceeding HK$1 million, subsisted between Link’s SPVs and connected persons during the period under review:
| Name of tenant | Nature of the transactions | Lease term | Annual rent\(^{(1)}\) HK$’M | Rental deposit received during the six months ended 30 September 2021 HK$’M |
|----------------|----------------------------|------------|-----------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------|
| Hang Seng | Tenancy for shop no. 121A at Temple Mall South | Term of 2 years ended on 2 July 2021 and then renewed for another term of 3 years ending on 2 July 2024 | 3.5 | 1.1 |
| | Tenancy for shop no. G202 at Lok Fu Place | Term of 3 years ending on 31 October 2022 | 3.8\(^{(2)}\) | N/A |
| HSBC | Tenancy for shop nos. L201 to L206 at Lok Fu Place | Term of 3 years ending on 21 August 2022 | 5.2 | N/A |
| | Tenancy for shop no. N119 at Temple Mall North | Term of 2 years ended on 31 August 2021 and then renewed for another term of 2 years ending on 31 August 2023 | 1.3 | N/A |
| | Tenancy for shop nos. 118 to 120 at Wing B of Hin Keng Shopping Centre | Term of 3 years ending on 12 December 2023 | 1.0 | N/A |
Notes:
(1) Annual rent is calculated from the monthly base rent on a 12-month basis as if such rent were received from the beginning of the financial year.
(2) The annual rent (calculated in accordance with Note (1) above) was increased from HK$3.5 million to HK$3.8 million during the period under review.
Provision of Banking and Financial Services by Connected Persons
Link and/or its SPVs engaged the HSBC Group (including, among others, Hang Seng, HSBC Bank (China) Company Limited, HSBC Bank Australia Limited and HSBC Bank plc) to provide ordinary course banking and financial services during the period under review. Further details are set out in Note 29 to the condensed consolidated interim financial information. The HSBC Group also provided services to SPVs of Link in relation to Mandatory Provident Fund accounts and payment and receipt arrangements. Bank accounts were also maintained with the HSBC Group for deposits and/or rent collection purposes during the period under review.
The Link Finance Limited (a wholly-owned SPV of Link) also maintained interest rate swap contracts, cross currency swap contracts and par forward contracts with HSBC during the period under review. As at 30 September 2021, the total notional principal outstanding value in respect of such contracts with HSBC was approximately HK$6.1 billion.
Waivers from Strict Compliance
Throughout the six-month period under review, Link complied with the stipulated terms and conditions of the relevant waivers granted by the SFC for the relevant connected party transactions including, among others, (i) conducting the transactions at arm’s length on normal commercial terms in the usual and ordinary course of business and in the interests of the Unitholders; (ii) wherever applicable, within specific caps on transaction amounts or fees; and (iii) having the relevant transactions reviewed by Link’s auditor and the Audit and Risk Management Committee and approved by the Board.
AUDITOR’S REVIEW REPORT
REPORT ON REVIEW OF INTERIM FINANCIAL INFORMATION
TO THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF LINK ASSET MANAGEMENT LIMITED
(as “Manager” of LINK REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST)
Introduction
We have reviewed the interim financial information set out on pages 50 to 80, which comprises the condensed consolidated statement of financial position of Link Real Estate Investment Trust (“Link”) and its subsidiaries (together, the “Group”) as at 30 September 2021 and the condensed consolidated income statement, condensed consolidated statement of comprehensive income, consolidated statement of distributions, condensed consolidated statement of changes in equity and net assets attributable to Unitholders and condensed consolidated statement of cash flows for the six-month period then ended, and a summary of significant accounting policies and other explanatory notes. The Rules Governing the Listing of Securities on The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited require the preparation of a report on interim financial information to be in compliance with the relevant provisions thereof and Hong Kong Accounting Standard 34 “Interim Financial Reporting” issued by the Hong Kong Institute of Certified Public Accountants. The directors of the Manager are responsible for the preparation and presentation of this interim financial information in accordance with Hong Kong Accounting Standard 34 “Interim Financial Reporting”. Our responsibility is to express a conclusion on this interim financial information based on our review and to report our conclusion solely to you, as a body, in accordance with our agreed terms of engagement and for no other purpose. We do not assume responsibility towards or accept liability to any other person for the contents of this report.
Scope of Review
We conducted our review in accordance with Hong Kong Standard on Review Engagements 2410, “Review of Interim Financial Information Performed by the Independent Auditor of the Entity” issued by the Hong Kong Institute of Certified Public Accountants. A review of interim financial information consists of making inquiries, primarily of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters, and applying analytical and other review procedures. A review is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with Hong Kong Standards on Auditing and consequently does not enable us to obtain assurance that we would become aware of all significant matters that might be identified in an audit. Accordingly, we do not express an audit opinion.
Conclusion
Based on our review, nothing has come to our attention that causes us to believe that the interim financial information of the Group is not prepared, in all material respects, in accordance with Hong Kong Accounting Standard 34 “Interim Financial Reporting”.
PricewaterhouseCoopers
Certified Public Accountants
Hong Kong, 10 November 2021
## CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT
For the six months ended 30 September 2021
| Note | Six months ended 30 September 2021 (Unaudited) HK$’M | Six months ended 30 September 2020 (Unaudited) HK$’M |
|------|-----------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------|
| Revenue | 5,778 | 5,233 |
| Property operating expenses | (1,387) | (1,196) |
| Net property income | 4,391 | 4,037 |
| General and administrative expenses | (237) | (220) |
| Change in fair values of investment properties and impairment of goodwill | 3,065 | (7,275) |
| Interest income | 52 | 71 |
| Finance costs | (477) | (405) |
| Loss on disposals of financial assets at amortised cost | (9) | – |
| Share of net profit of a joint venture | 274 | – |
| **Profit/(loss) before taxation and transactions with Unitholders** | 7,059 | (3,792) |
| Taxation | (717) | (533) |
| **Profit/(loss) for the period, before transactions with Unitholders** | 6,342 | (4,325) |
| Distributions paid to Unitholders | (3,089) | (2,999) |
| **Represented by:** | | |
| Change in net assets attributable to Unitholders, excluding issues of new units and units bought back | 3,649 | (6,139) |
| Amount arising from reserve movements | (450) | (953) |
| Non-controlling interest | 54 | (232) |
| **Profit/(loss) for the period, before transactions with Unitholders attributable to** | | |
| – Unitholders (Note) | 6,288 | (4,093) |
| – Non-controlling interest | 54 | (232) |
| **6,342** | **(4,325)** |
The notes on pages 56 to 80 are an integral part of these condensed consolidated interim financial information.
Note: Earnings/(loss) per unit, based upon profit/(loss) for the period, before transactions with Unitholders attributable to Unitholders and the weighted average number of units in issue, is set out in Note 11 to the condensed consolidated interim financial information.
## CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
For the six months ended 30 September 2021
| | Before transactions with Unitholders (Unaudited) HK$'M | Transactions with Unitholders (Note (i)) (Unaudited) HK$'M | After transactions with Unitholders (Note (ii)) (Unaudited) HK$'M | Non-controlling interest (Unaudited) HK$'M | Total (Unaudited) HK$'M |
|--------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------|--------------------------|
| **Six months ended 30 September 2021** | | | | | |
| Profit for the period | 6,288 | (6,738) | (450) | 54 | (396) |
| Other comprehensive income | | | | | |
| Items that may be reclassified subsequently to the condensed consolidated income statement | | | | | |
| – Cash flow hedging reserve | (49) | – | (49) | – | (49) |
| – Exchange reserve | 499 | – | 499 | – | 499 |
| **Total comprehensive income for the period** | 6,738 | (6,738) | – | 54 | 54 |
| | Before transactions with Unitholders (Unaudited) HK$'M | Transactions with Unitholders (Note (i)) (Unaudited) HK$'M | After transactions with Unitholders (Note (ii)) (Unaudited) HK$'M | Non-controlling interest (Unaudited) HK$'M | Total (Unaudited) HK$'M |
|--------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------|--------------------------|
| **Six months ended 30 September 2020** | | | | | |
| Loss for the period | (4,093) | 3,140 | (953) | (232) | (1,185) |
| Other comprehensive income | | | | | |
| Items that may be reclassified subsequently to the condensed consolidated income statement | | | | | |
| – Cash flow hedging reserve | (57) | – | (57) | – | (57) |
| – Exchange reserve | 1,010 | – | 1,010 | – | 1,010 |
| **Total comprehensive loss for the period** | (3,140) | 3,140 | – | (232) | (232) |
The notes on pages 56 to 80 are an integral part of these condensed consolidated interim financial information.
Notes:
(i) Transactions with Unitholders comprise the distributions to Unitholders of HK$3,089 million (2020: HK$2,999 million) and change in net assets attributable to Unitholders, excluding issues of new units and units bought back, which is an increase of HK$3,649 million (2020: a decrease of HK$6,139 million).
(ii) In accordance with the Trust Deed, the units of Link Real Estate Investment Trust contain contractual obligations to pay to its Unitholders cash distributions and also upon termination of the trust, a share of all net cash proceeds derived from the sale or realisation of the assets of the trust less any liabilities, in accordance with their proportionate interests in the trust at the date of the termination. Unitholders’ funds are therefore classified as a financial liability rather than equity in accordance with Hong Kong Accounting Standard 32: Financial Instruments: Presentation. Consistent with Unitholders’ funds being classified as a financial liability, the distributions to Unitholders and change in net assets attributable to Unitholders, excluding issues of new units and units bought back, are finance costs. Accordingly, the total comprehensive income attributable to Unitholders, after the transactions with Unitholders, is zero.
## CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF DISTRIBUTIONS
For the six months ended 30 September 2021
| Note | Six months ended 30 September 2021 (Unaudited) HK$’M | Six months ended 30 September 2020 (Unaudited) HK$’M |
|----------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------|
| **Profit/(loss) for the period, before transactions with Unitholders attributable to Unitholders** | 6,288 | (4,093) |
| Adjustments: | | |
| – Change in fair values of investment properties and impairment of goodwill attributable to Unitholders | (3,282) | 7,048 |
| – Deferred taxation on change in fair values of investment properties attributable to Unitholders | 152 | (61) |
| – Change in fair values of derivative component of convertible bonds | (26) | – |
| – Change in fair values of financial instruments | (13) | (70) |
| – Depreciation and amortisation of real estate and related assets | 26 | 28 |
| – Loss on disposals of financial assets at amortised cost | 9 | – |
| – Other non-cash loss/(income) | 36 | (75) |
| Discretionary distribution (Note (ii)) | 146 | 144 |
| **Total Distributable Amount (Note (ii))** | 3,336 | 2,921 |
| Interim distribution for the period, to be paid to the Unitholders (Note (ii)) | 3,336 | 2,921 |
| Units in issue at 30 September | 25 | |
| **Distribution per unit for the period (Note (ii))** | HK159.59 cents | HK141.65 cents |
The notes on pages 56 to 80 are an integral part of these condensed consolidated interim financial information.
Notes:
(i) Under the terms of the Trust Deed, Link Real Estate Investment Trust is required to distribute to Unitholders no less than 90% of its distributable income for each financial year. Distributable income, according to the Trust Deed, is the Group’s consolidated profit after taxation attributable to Unitholders, as adjusted to eliminate the effect of certain non-cash adjustments which have been recorded in the consolidated income statement for the relevant year. For the six months ended 30 September 2021, the Manager has decided to distribute 100% (2020: 100%) of its distributable income to Unitholders. In addition, the Manager recommended a capital return in the form of a discretionary distribution of HK$146 million (2020: HK$144 million). Together with the discretionary distribution, Total Distributable Amount represented 105% (2020: 105%) of the distributable income of the Group for the six months ended 30 September 2021.
(ii) The interim distribution per unit of HK159.59 cents (2020: HK141.65 cents) for the six months ended 30 September 2021 is calculated based on the interim distribution of HK$3,336 million (2020: HK$2,921 million) for the period and 2,090,637,780 units (2020: 2,062,427,353 units) in issue as at 30 September 2021, without taking into account any change in the number of units in issue subsequent to the approval of the condensed consolidated interim financial information. The interim distribution will be paid to Unitholders on 31 December 2021.
## CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION
As at 30 September 2021
| Note | 30 September 2021 (Unaudited) HK$’M | 31 March 2021 (Audited) HK$’M |
|------|-------------------------------------|-------------------------------|
| **Assets** | | |
| Goodwill | 12 | 395 | 392 |
| Investment properties | 13 | 206,551 | 199,074 |
| Interests in a joint venture | 14 | 3,618 | – |
| Property, plant and equipment | 15 | 1,264 | 1,301 |
| Financial assets at amortised cost | 16 | 2,328 | 2,742 |
| Deposits and prepayments | | 349 | 2,433 |
| Derivative financial instruments | 23 | 191 | 218 |
| Trade and other receivables | 17 | 1,137 | 1,195 |
| Cash and cash equivalents | 18 | 2,062 | 2,530 |
| **Total assets** | | 217,895 | 209,885 |
| **Liabilities, excluding net assets attributable to Unitholders** | | |
| Deferred tax liabilities | | 3,235 | 3,029 |
| Long-term incentive scheme provision | 19 | 84 | 82 |
| Other liabilities | 20 | 4,069 | 4,048 |
| Interest bearing liabilities | 21 | 38,516 | 34,634 |
| Convertible bonds | 22 | 3,975 | 4,002 |
| Security deposits | | 1,884 | 1,789 |
| Derivative financial instruments | 23 | 109 | 129 |
| Provision for taxation | | 650 | 975 |
| Trade payables, receipts in advance and accruals | 24 | 2,306 | 2,504 |
| **Total liabilities, excluding net assets attributable to Unitholders** | | 54,828 | 51,192 |
| **Non-controlling interest** | | 27 | (27) |
| **Net assets attributable to Unitholders** | | 163,040 | 158,720 |
| Units in issue | 25 | 2,090,637,780 | 2,081,862,866 |
| Net assets per unit attributable to Unitholders | | HK$77.99 | HK$76.24 |
The notes on pages 56 to 80 are an integral part of these condensed consolidated interim financial information.
On behalf of the Board of Directors of Link Asset Management Limited, as manager of Link Real Estate Investment Trust
Nicholas Charles ALLEN
Chairman
10 November 2021
George Kwok Lung HONGCHOY
Chief Executive Officer
10 November 2021
## CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY AND NET ASSETS ATTRIBUTABLE TO UNITHOLDERS
For the six months ended 30 September 2021
| Note | Unitholders’ equity (Unaudited) HK$’M | Net assets attributable to Unitholders (Unaudited) HK$’M | Non-controlling interest (Unaudited) HK$’M |
|----------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------|
| At 1 April 2021 | – | 158,720 | (27) |
| Issuance of units under distribution reinvestment scheme | – | 753 | – |
| Units bought back for cancellation | – | (82) | – |
| Profit for the six months ended 30 September 2021, before transactions with Unitholders | – | 6,288 | 54 |
| Distributions paid to Unitholders | – | (3,089) | – |
| – 2021 final distribution | – | – | – |
| Change in fair values of cash flow hedges | (79) | – | – |
| Amount transferred to the condensed consolidated income statement | 30 | – | – |
| Foreign currency translations | 499 | – | – |
| Amount arising from reserve movements | (450) | 450 | – |
| Change in net assets attributable to Unitholders and non-controlling interest for the six months ended 30 September 2021, excluding issues of new units and units bought back | – | 3,649 | 54 |
| At 30 September 2021 | – | 163,040 | 27 |
| Note | Unitholders’ equity (Unaudited) HK$’M | Net assets attributable to Unitholders (Unaudited) HK$’M | Non-controlling interest (Unaudited) HK$’M |
|----------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------|
| At 1 April 2020 | – | 159,711 | 406 |
| Issuance of units under distribution reinvestment scheme | – | 660 | – |
| Units bought back for cancellation | – | (379) | – |
| Loss for the six months ended 30 September 2020, before transactions with Unitholders | – | (4,093) | (232) |
| Distributions paid to Unitholders | – | (2,999) | – |
| – 2020 final distribution | – | – | – |
| Change in fair values of cash flow hedges | (69) | – | – |
| Amount transferred to the condensed consolidated income statement | 12 | – | – |
| Foreign currency translations | 1,010 | – | – |
| Amount arising from reserve movements | (953) | 953 | – |
| Change in net assets attributable to Unitholders and non-controlling interest for the six months ended 30 September 2020, excluding issues of new units and units bought back | – | (6,139) | (232) |
| At 30 September 2020 | – | 153,853 | 174 |
The notes on pages 56 to 80 are an integral part of these condensed consolidated interim financial information.
## CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
For the six months ended 30 September 2021
| Note | Six months ended 30 September 2021 (Unaudited) HK$’M | Six months ended 30 September 2020 (Unaudited) HK$’M |
|------|-----------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------|
| **Operating activities** | | |
| Net cash generated from operating activities | 3,076 | 3,167 |
| **Investing activities** | | |
| Acquisition of assets | (2,449) | (6,729) |
| Acquisition of a joint venture | (982) | – |
| Additions to investment properties | (437) | (416) |
| Additions to property, plant and equipment | (8) | (20) |
| Interest income received | 62 | 79 |
| Proceeds from disposal and maturity of financial assets at amortised cost | 408 | – |
| Deposits paid for acquisitions of assets | (66) | – |
| Net cash used in investing activities | (3,472) | (7,086) |
| **Financing activities** | | |
| Proceeds from interest bearing liabilities, net of transaction costs | 7,628 | 13,325 |
| Repayment of interest bearing liabilities | (4,131) | (12,345) |
| Repayment of borrowings acquired in acquisition of assets | (713) | – |
| Increase in amount due to non-controlling interest | 14 | 14 |
| Interest expenses paid | (463) | (502) |
| Payment of lease liabilities | (2) | (2) |
| Distributions paid to Unitholders | (2,336) | (2,339) |
| Units bought back for cancellation | (82) | (379) |
| Net cash used in financing activities | (85) | (2,228) |
| **Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents** | (481) | (6,147) |
| Cash and cash equivalents at 1 April | 2,530 | 7,877 |
| Effect on exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | 13 | 84 |
| **Cash and cash equivalents at 30 September** | 2,062 | 1,814 |
The notes on pages 56 to 80 are an integral part of these condensed consolidated interim financial information.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL INFORMATION
1 Corporate Information
Link Real Estate Investment Trust ("Link") is a collective investment scheme authorised under section 104 of the Securities and Futures Ordinance (Chapter 571 of the Laws of Hong Kong). Link is governed by a Second Amending and Restating Deed entered into on 30 July 2021 (the "Trust Deed").
The principal activity of Link and its subsidiaries (the "Group") is investing in real estate and may be undertaking property development and related activities in respect of all types of developments. The addresses of the registered offices of the Manager, Link Asset Management Limited, and the Trustee, HSBC Institutional Trust Services (Asia) Limited, are 20/F., Tower 1, The Quayside, 77 Hoi Bun Road, Kwun Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong and 1 Queen’s Road Central, Hong Kong, respectively.
2 Basis of Preparation
The condensed consolidated interim financial information for the six months ended 30 September 2021 has been prepared in accordance with Hong Kong Accounting Standard ("HKAS") 34 “Interim Financial Reporting” issued by the Hong Kong Institute of Certified Public Accountants ("HKICPA"). The condensed consolidated interim financial information should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended 31 March 2021.
3 Accounting Policies
The accounting policies adopted are consistent with those set out in the audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended 31 March 2021, except for the adoption of the following new standards and amendments issued by the HKICPA which became effective for the six months ended 30 September 2021.
HKFRS 4, HKFRS 7, HKFRS 9, HKFRS 16 and HKAS 39 Amendments
Interest Rate Benchmark Reform – Phase 2
HKFRS 16 Amendments
COVID-19-Related Rent Concessions
HKFRS 16 Amendments
COVID-19-Related Rent Concessions beyond 30 June 2021
The adoption of these new standards and amendments has not had any significant effect on the results reported and the financial position of the Group.
The following new standards, amendments and revised accounting guidelines which have been published but are not yet effective, have not been early adopted in the condensed consolidated interim financial information. These are effective for the Group’s accounting periods beginning on or after 1 April 2022.
HKAS 1 Amendments
Classification of Liabilities as Current or Non-current [2]
HKAS 1 and HKFRS Practice Statement 2 Amendments
Disclosure of Accounting Policies [2]
HKAS 8 Amendments
Definition of Accounting Estimates [2]
HKAS 12 Amendments
Deferred Tax Related to Assets and Liabilities Arising from a Single Transaction [2]
HKFRS 3, HKAS 16 and HKAS 37 Amendments
Narrow-Scope Amendments [1]
HKFRS 10 and HKAS 28 Amendments
Sale or Contribution of Assets between an Investor and its Associate or Joint Venture [3]
HKFRS 17
Insurance Contracts [2]
HKFRS 17 Amendments
Amendments to HKFRS 17 [2]
Revised Accounting Guideline 5
Merger Accounting for Common Control Combinations [3]
Annual Improvements 2018–2020 Cycle [1]
[1] effective for accounting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2022
[2] effective for accounting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2023
[3] no mandatory effective date is determined yet but early application is permitted
The Group is in the process of making an assessment of the impact of these new and revised Hong Kong Financial Reporting Standards ("HKFRSs") upon initial application.
4 Revenue
Revenue recognised during the period comprises:
| | Six months ended 30 September 2021 (Unaudited) HK$’M | Six months ended 30 September 2020 (Unaudited) HK$’M |
|--------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------|
| Rentals | | |
| – Hong Kong retail properties | 3,121 | 3,066 |
| – Hong Kong car parks | 1,042 | 931 |
| – Mainland retail properties | 491 | 414 |
| – Hong Kong, Mainland and overseas offices | 433 | 353 |
| Other revenue (Note) | 691 | 469 |
| Total revenue | 5,778 | 5,233 |
Note: Other revenue includes management fees, air conditioning service fees, promotion levies and miscellaneous revenue. As disclosed in Annual Report 2020/2021, management fees have been reclassified from rental to other revenue, comparative figures have been restated.
Leases with tenants provide for monthly base rent and recovery of certain outgoings. Additional rents based on business turnover amounted to HK$51 million (2020: HK$39 million) and have been included in the rental income.
## 5 Segment Information
### For the six months ended 30 September 2021 (Unaudited)
| | Hong Kong retail properties HK$'M | Hong Kong car parks HK$'M | Mainland retail properties HK$'M | Others HK$'M | Total HK$'M |
|--------------------------------|----------------------------------|---------------------------|---------------------------------|--------------|-------------|
| **Revenue** | 3,601 | 1,047 | 586 | 544 | 5,778 |
| **Segment results** | 2,737 | 824 | 425 | 168 | 4,154 |
| Change in fair values of investment properties | 1,410 | 1,288 | 229 | 138 | 3,065 |
| Share of net profit of a joint venture | – | – | 274 | – | 274 |
| Interest income | | | | | 52 |
| Finance costs | | | | | (477) |
| Loss on disposals of financial assets at amortised cost | | | | | (9) |
| Profit before taxation and transactions with Unitholders | | | | | 7,059 |
| Taxation | | | | | (717) |
| **Profit for the period, before transactions with Unitholders** | | | | | 6,342 |
| Capital expenditure | 176 | 32 | 4,014 | 19 | 4,241 |
| Depreciation | – | – | – | (41) | (41) |
### As at 30 September 2021 (Unaudited)
| | Hong Kong retail properties HK$'M | Hong Kong car parks HK$'M | Mainland retail properties HK$'M | Others HK$'M | Total HK$'M |
|--------------------------------|----------------------------------|---------------------------|---------------------------------|--------------|-------------|
| **Segment assets** | 126,922 | 32,845 | 25,487 | 24,047 | 209,301 |
| Interests in a joint venture | – | – | 3,618 | – | 3,618 |
| Goodwill | | | | | 395 |
| Financial assets at amortised cost | | | | | 2,328 |
| Derivative financial instruments | | | | | 191 |
| Cash and cash equivalents | | | | | 2,062 |
| **Total assets** | 126,922 | 32,845 | 25,487 | 24,047 | 217,895 |
| **Segment liabilities** | 2,369 | 156 | 632 | 1,033 | 4,190 |
| Deferred tax liabilities | | | | | 3,235 |
| Long-term incentive scheme provision | | | | | 84 |
| Other liabilities | | | | | 4,069 |
| Interest bearing liabilities | | | | | 38,516 |
| Convertible bonds | | | | | 3,975 |
| Derivative financial instruments | | | | | 109 |
| Provision for taxation | | | | | 650 |
| **Total liabilities, excluding net assets attributable to Unitholders** | | | | | 54,828 |
| Non-controlling interest | | | | | 27 |
| **Net assets attributable to Unitholders** | | | | | 163,040 |
5 Segment Information (Continued)
For the six months ended 30 September 2021, revenue of HK$764 million (2020: HK$661 million) is attributable to external customers from Mainland, HK$4,769 million (2020: HK$4,451 million) is attributable to external customers from Hong Kong, and HK$245 million (2020: HK$121 million) is attributable to external customers from overseas.
As at 30 September 2021, investment properties, interests in a joint venture, property, plant and equipment, and goodwill amounting to HK$35,615 million (31 March 2021: HK$27,288 million) are located in Mainland, HK$168,350 million (31 March 2021: HK$165,422 million) are located in Hong Kong, and HK$7,863 million (31 March 2021: HK$8,057 million) are located in overseas.
| | Hong Kong retail properties HK$’M | Hong Kong car parks HK$’M | Mainland retail properties HK$’M | Others HK$’M | Total HK$’M |
|--------------------------------|----------------------------------|---------------------------|-------------------------------|--------------|-------------|
| For the six months ended 30 September 2020 (Unaudited) | | | | | |
| Revenue | 3,390 | 933 | 497 | 413 | 5,233 |
| Segment results | 2,623 | 715 | 361 | 118 | 3,817 |
| Change in fair values of investment properties and impairment of goodwill | (4,826) | (1,177) | (406) | (866) | (7,275) |
| Interest income | – | – | – | 71 | (405) |
| Finance costs | – | – | – | (3,792) | (533) |
| Loss before taxation and transactions with Unitholders | – | – | – | – | (4,325) |
| Taxation | – | – | – | – | (46) |
| Loss for the period, before transactions with Unitholders | – | – | – | – | (7,647) |
| Capital expenditure | 324 | 33 | 16 | 7,274 | (46) |
| Depreciation | – | – | (1) | (45) | |
As at 31 March 2021 (Audited)
| | Hong Kong retail properties HK$’M | Hong Kong car parks HK$’M | Mainland retail properties HK$’M | Others HK$’M | Total HK$’M |
|--------------------------------|----------------------------------|---------------------------|-------------------------------|--------------|-------------|
| Segment assets | 125,406 | 31,526 | 20,878 | 26,193 | 204,003 |
| Goodwill | – | – | – | 392 | |
| Financial assets at amortised cost | – | – | – | 2,742 | |
| Derivative financial instruments | – | – | – | 218 | |
| Cash and cash equivalents | – | – | – | 2,530 | |
| Total assets | – | – | – | 209,885 | |
| Segment liabilities | 2,468 | 179 | 561 | 1,085 | 4,293 |
| Deferred tax liabilities | – | – | – | 3,029 | |
| Long-term incentive scheme provision | – | – | – | 82 | |
| Other liabilities | – | – | – | 4,048 | |
| Interest bearing liabilities | – | – | – | 34,634 | |
| Convertible bonds | – | – | – | 4,002 | |
| Derivative financial instruments | – | – | – | 129 | |
| Provision for taxation | – | – | – | 975 | |
| Total liabilities, excluding net assets attributable to Unitholders | – | – | – | 51,192 | |
| Non-controlling interest | – | – | – | (27) | |
| Net assets attributable to Unitholders | – | – | – | 158,720 | |
## 6 Property Operating Expenses
| Description | Six months ended 30 September 2021 (Unaudited) HK$’M | Six months ended 30 September 2020 (Unaudited) HK$’M |
|--------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------|
| Property managers’ fees, security and cleaning | 340 | 325 |
| Staff costs | 271 | 222 |
| Repair and maintenance | 126 | 96 |
| Utilities | 189 | 162 |
| Government rent and rates | 152 | 133 |
| Promotion and marketing expenses | 90 | 50 |
| Estate common area costs | 51 | 47 |
| Real estate taxes and land use taxes | 57 | 45 |
| Other property operating expenses | 111 | 116 |
| **Total** | **1,387** | **1,196** |
## 7 Finance Costs
| Description | Six months ended 30 September 2021 (Unaudited) HK$’M | Six months ended 30 September 2020 (Unaudited) HK$’M |
|--------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------|
| Interest expenses on interest bearing liabilities | 371 | 392 |
| Interest expenses on convertible bonds (Note 22) | 62 | 62 |
| Other borrowing costs (Note (i)) | 82 | 109 |
| **Total** | **515** | **563** |
| Less: capitalised under investment properties (Note (ii)) | (5) | (8) |
| Change in fair values of derivative component of convertible bonds (Note 22) | (26) | – |
| Fair value gain on non-controlling interest put option obligation (Note 20) | (7) | (150) |
| **Finance costs** | **477** | **405** |
Notes:
(i) Other borrowing costs mainly include HK$42 million (2020: HK$50 million) interest expenses to non-controlling interest, HK$30 million (2020: HK$12 million) net losses on interest rate swap contracts designated as cash flow hedges, HK$39 million (2020: HK$11 million) net gains on cross currency swap contracts and interest rate swap contracts designated as fair value hedges and various banking and financing charges.
(ii) Interest expenses have been capitalised under investment properties at an average interest rate of 2.4% (2020: 2.9%) per annum.
8 Profit/(Loss) Before Taxation and Transactions with Unitholders
Profit/(loss) before taxation and transactions with Unitholders for the period is stated after charging/(crediting):
| | Six months ended 30 September 2021 (Unaudited) HK$’M | Six months ended 30 September 2020 (Unaudited) HK$’M |
|--------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------|
| Staff costs (Note 9) | 421 | 329 |
| Depreciation of property, plant and equipment | 41 | 46 |
| Trustee’s fee | 8 | 7 |
| Valuation fee | 1 | 1 |
| Auditor’s remuneration | | |
| Audit and audit-related assurance services | 1 | 1 |
| Acquisition related professional fees | – | 3 |
| Professional fees capitalised under investment properties | – | (3) |
| Bank charges | 4 | 5 |
| Commission to property agents | 8 | 7 |
| Donations | 15 | 14 |
| Exchange (gain)/loss on financial instruments | (6) | 31 |
| Short-term lease expenses | 1 | 1 |
| Other legal and professional fees | 6 | (2) |
9 Staff Costs
| | Six months ended 30 September 2021 (Unaudited) HK$’M | Six months ended 30 September 2020 (Unaudited) HK$’M |
|--------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------|
| Wages and salaries | 406 | 383 |
| Contributions to mandatory provident fund scheme (Note) | 7 | 7 |
| Long-term incentive scheme awards | 49 | (23) |
| | 462 | 367 |
| Less: capitalised under investment properties | (41) | (38) |
| Staff costs (Note 8) | 421 | 329 |
Note: The Group operates a pension scheme – Mandatory Provident Fund. The scheme is a defined contribution plan funded through payments to trustee-administered funds. A defined contribution plan is a pension plan under which the employer pays fixed contributions into a separate entity (a fund). The Group has no further payment obligations once the contributions have been paid.
10 Taxation
Hong Kong profits tax has been provided for at the rate of 16.5% (2020: 16.5%) on the estimated assessable profit for the period. Income taxes in Mainland and overseas have been provided for at the applicable rate on the estimated assessable profit for the period.
The amount of taxation charged to the condensed consolidated income statement represents:
| | Six months ended 30 September 2021 (Unaudited) HK$’M | Six months ended 30 September 2020 (Unaudited) HK$’M |
|--------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------|
| Current taxation | | |
| – Hong Kong | 418 | 395 |
| – Mainland | 91 | 84 |
| Deferred taxation | 208 | 54 |
| Taxation | 717 | 533 |
On 18 March 2021, the Group received a protective additional tax assessment for the year of assessment 2014/15 from Hong Kong’s Inland Revenue Department (“IRD”) amounting to HK$345 million. Such additional profits tax assessment was made on the gain in respect of the disposal of properties and is additional to the profits tax assessment already made by IRD on profits derived from its business during the assessment period.
Based on the professional opinion and advice of the legal and tax advisors, the Group believes that there is no ground to the assessment and has lodged an objection to IRD on the basis that profits tax shall not be charged on the profits derived from the sales of the properties, which sales were capital rather than trading in nature. Accordingly, no tax provision was made in respect of this protective assessment. According to the instruction of the IRD, tax reserve certificates amounting to HK$172 million were purchased as a condition for the tax payable holdover arrangement.
11 Earnings/(Loss) Per Unit Based Upon Profit/(Loss) for the Period, Before Transactions with Unitholders Attributable to Unitholders
| | Six months ended 30 September 2021 (Unaudited) | Six months ended 30 September 2020 (Unaudited) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------|
| Profit/(loss) for the period, before transactions with Unitholders attributable to Unitholders for calculating basic earnings/(loss) per unit | HK$6,288 million HK$27 million | (HK$4,093 million) |
| Adjustment for dilutive convertible bonds | | – |
| Profit/(loss) for the period, before transactions with Unitholders attributable to Unitholders for calculating diluted earnings/(loss) per unit | HK$6,315 million | (HK$4,093 million) |
| Weighted average number of units for the period for calculating basic earnings/(loss) per unit | 2,084,598,832 36,566,414 | 2,061,326,280 |
| Adjustment for dilutive convertible bonds | | – |
| Weighted average number of units for the period for calculating diluted earnings/(loss) per unit | 2,121,165,246 | 2,061,326,280 |
| Basic earnings/(loss) per unit | HK$3.02 | (HK$1.99) |
| Diluted earnings/(loss) per unit | HK$2.98 | (HK$1.99) |
For the six months ended 30 September 2020, the basic and diluted loss per unit were the same as the convertible bonds had an anti-dilutive effect on the basic loss per unit.
12 Goodwill
| | Carrying value (Unaudited) HK$'M |
|-----------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------|
| At 1 April 2021 | 392 |
| Exchange adjustments | 3 |
| **At 30 September 2021** | **395** |
13 Investment Properties
(a) Details of the Movements of Investment Properties are as follows:
| Description | Fair value (Unaudited) HK$’M |
|--------------------------------------------------|------------------------------|
| At 1 April 2021 | 199,074 |
| Exchange adjustments (Note (e)) | 178 |
| Additions | 374 |
| Acquisition of assets (Note 27) | 3,860 |
| Change in fair values | 3,065 |
| **At 30 September 2021** | **206,551** |
(b) Valuation Process
The investment properties were revalued on a market value basis as at 31 March and 30 September 2021 by Colliers International (Hong Kong) Limited (the “Principal Valuer”), an independent firm of professional qualified valuers and the Principal Valuer of Link.
The Manager held discussions with the Principal Valuer and reviewed all significant inputs used by the Principal Valuer. Discussions of the valuation processes and results at each reporting date are held between the Manager and the Principal Valuer.
(c) Valuation Techniques
The Principal Valuer has relied on the income capitalisation approach as the primary approach with cross-reference to the direct comparison approach.
The income capitalisation approach is based on the capitalisation of the current passing rental income and potential reversionary income of the property from the date of valuation at appropriate investment yields to arrive at the capital value. The appropriate adjustments/deductions for rent-free period, ongoing vacancy voids/marketing periods and non-recoverable expenses for the vacant space have been allowed.
The investment properties are included in Level 3 (31 March 2021: Level 3) of the fair value hierarchy.
(d) Restriction under the Code on Real Estate Investment Trusts (the “REIT Code”)
Link acquired 100 Market Street in Sydney, The Cabot in London, 50% interest in Qibao Vanke Plaza in Shanghai and Happy Valley Shopping Mall in Guangzhou, the completions of which were on 7 April 2020, 25 August 2020, 2 April 2021 and 28 June 2021 respectively. In accordance with the REIT Code, Link is prohibited from disposing of its properties (held through a special purpose vehicle or joint venture entity) for at least two years from the time such properties are acquired, unless the Unitholders approved the proposed disposal by way of special resolution passed in accordance with the Trust Deed.
13 Investment Properties (Continued)
(e) Exchange Adjustments
The net exchange gain on translation is attributable to the exchange gains on the Group’s investment properties in Mainland amounting to HK$465 million and exchange loss on the Group’s investment properties in Australia and the United Kingdom amounting to HK$211 million and HK$76 million respectively. These amounts are included in exchange reserve and were partly offset by hedging financial instruments.
(f) Security for the Group’s Loan Facilities
As at 30 September 2021, certain of the Group’s investment properties in Mainland and Australia, amounting to approximately HK$7,098 million (31 March 2021: HK$3,005 million) and HK$3,906 million (31 March 2021: HK$4,038 million) respectively, were pledged to secure the Group’s loan facilities totalling HK$3,846 million (31 March 2021: HK$3,416 million).
14 Interests in a Joint Venture
| | 30 September 2021 (Unaudited) HK$’M | 31 March 2021 (Audited) HK$’M |
|--------------------------|-------------------------------------|-------------------------------|
| Cost of investment in a joint venture | 3,287 | – |
| Share of post-acquisition results and other comprehensive income | 331 | – |
| **Total** | **3,618** | **–** |
On 24 February 2021, Link, through a wholly-owned subsidiary, entered into a framework agreement and an equity transfer agreement to acquire 50% issued share capital of 上海莘寶企業管理有限公司 at a cash consideration of RMB2,772 million (equivalent to approximately HK$3,278 million). The final consideration will be further adjusted based on the audited net asset value of the company as at the completion date. Link incurred acquisition-related transaction costs of HK$9 million. The transaction was completed on 2 April 2021. 上海莘寶企業管理有限公司 owns the Qibao Vanke Plaza located at 5/3 Qiu, 620 Block, Qibao Town, Minhang District, Shanghai.
The Group’s interests in a joint venture amounting to HK$3,618 million as at 30 September 2021 is accounted for using the equity method in the condensed consolidated financial statements. No dividend is received from the joint venture during the period.
Material information regarding the joint venture are as follows:
| | 30 September 2021 (Unaudited) HK$’M |
|--------------------------|-------------------------------------|
| The Group’s share of net property income for the period | 94 |
| The Group’s share of investment properties carried at fair value at period end | 4,120 |
## 15 Property, Plant and Equipment
| | Land, building and leasehold improvements (Unaudited) HK$'M | Right-of-use assets (Unaudited) HK$'M | Motor vehicles (Unaudited) HK$'M | Equipment (Unaudited) HK$'M | Total (Unaudited) HK$'M |
|--------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------|---------------------------------|----------------------------|-------------------------|
| At 1 April 2021 | 1,205 | 2 | 1 | 93 | 1,301 |
| Additions | – | – | – | 7 | 7 |
| Disposals | (3) | – | – | – | (3) |
| Depreciation charge for the period | (25) | (2) | – | (14) | (41) |
| **At 30 September 2021** | **1,177** | **–** | **1** | **86** | **1,264** |
| **At 30 September 2021** | **Cost** | **9** | **7** | **173** | **1,507** |
| | **Accumulated depreciation** | **(9)** | **(6)** | **(87)** | **(243)** |
| | **Net book value** | **1,177** | **–** | **86** | **1,264** |
## 16 Financial Assets at Amortised Cost
Financial assets at amortised cost include the following debt investments:
| | 30 September 2021 (Unaudited) HK$'M | 31 March 2021 (Audited) HK$'M |
|--------------------------|-------------------------------------|-------------------------------|
| Listed corporate bonds | 2,298 | 2,712 |
| Unlisted corporate bonds | 30 | 30 |
| **Total** | **2,328** | **2,742** |
During the period, the Group disposed of certain listed corporate bonds at an aggregate consideration of HK$139 million and resulted in a loss on disposals of HK$9 million.
During the period, the Group has interest income arising from financial assets at amortised cost amounted to HK$42 million (2020: HK$47 million). The carrying amounts of the financial assets at amortised cost are expected to be recovered as below:
| | 30 September 2021 (Unaudited) HK$'M | 31 March 2021 (Audited) HK$'M |
|--------------------------|-------------------------------------|-------------------------------|
| Within one year | 693 | 432 |
| After one year | 1,635 | 2,310 |
| **Total** | **2,328** | **2,742** |
17 Trade and Other Receivables
| | 30 September 2021 (Unaudited) HK$'M | 31 March 2021 (Audited) HK$'M |
|--------------------------------|-------------------------------------|-------------------------------|
| Trade receivables | 246 | 320 |
| Less: provision for impairment of trade receivables | (74) | (67) |
| Trade receivables – net | 172 | 253 |
| Other receivables | 965 | 942 |
| | 1,137 | 1,195 |
The carrying amounts of these receivables approximate their fair values and are expected to be mostly recovered within one year.
There are no specific credit terms given to the tenants. The net trade receivables are mostly covered by the rental deposits/bank guarantees from corresponding tenants.
The ageing of trade receivables, presented based on the due date, is as follows:
| | 30 September 2021 (Unaudited) HK$'M | 31 March 2021 (Audited) HK$'M |
|--------------------------------|-------------------------------------|-------------------------------|
| 0–30 days | 139 | 181 |
| 31–90 days | 33 | 77 |
| Over 90 days | 74 | 62 |
| | 246 | 320 |
Monthly rentals in respect of retail and commercial properties are payable in advance by tenants in accordance with the leases, while daily gross receipts from car parks are received from the car park operators in arrears.
18 Cash and Cash Equivalents
| | 30 September 2021 (Unaudited) HK$'M | 31 March 2021 (Audited) HK$'M |
|--------------------------------|-------------------------------------|-------------------------------|
| Cash at bank | 1,518 | 1,881 |
| Bank deposits with original maturity of less than three months | 544 | 649 |
| | 2,062 | 2,530 |
19 Long-term Incentive Scheme Provision
| | 30 September 2021 (Unaudited) HK$'M | 31 March 2021 (Audited) HK$'M |
|--------------------------------|-------------------------------------|-------------------------------|
| Long-term incentive scheme provision | | |
| – expected to be settled within one year | 47 | 35 |
| – expected to be settled after one year | 37 | 47 |
| **Total** | **84** | **82** |
On 10 July 2017, Link adopted a new long-term incentive scheme (the “2017 LTI Scheme”). Under the 2017 LTI Scheme, the Manager may grant restricted unit awards and conditional cash awards to directors of the Manager and key employees of the Group.
During the period, certain directors and employees of the Manager were granted restricted unit awards and conditional cash awards at nil monetary consideration under the 2017 LTI Scheme. The restricted unit awards granted under the 2017 LTI Scheme, in general, will vest approximately two to three years from the date of grant. Under the 2017 LTI Scheme, units will be purchased in the grantees’ favour from the open stock market to satisfy restricted units awards vested. For those restricted unit awards granted with performance goals, the eventual numbers of units to be purchased in each grantee’s favour upon vesting are linked to the performance of Link based on the total Unitholders return, net property income or certain vesting conditions. Conditional cash awards were also granted in conjunction with the restricted unit awards, bestowing upon each grantee a conditional right to receive a cash payment representing an amount equivalent to the aggregate of the distributions during the vesting period, catch-up adjustments and ex-gratia payments pursuant to the 2017 LTI Scheme, if applicable.
During the period, the Group purchased 264,634 units (2020: 515,483 units) from the market for restricted units awards which have vested in accordance with the 2017 LTI Scheme.
During the vesting period, a liability is recognised representing the estimated value of the awards granted under both the 2017 LTI Scheme and the portion of the vesting period expired as at the reporting date. The value of the awards was estimated at the reporting date by Towers Watson Hong Kong Limited, an independent external valuer based on valuation techniques and assumptions on unit prices, outstanding length of the awards, distribution pay-out rates and other market conditions, if appropriate. The change in value of the outstanding awards was charged to the condensed consolidated income statement. In the event that the vesting conditions are not met, the amount previously accrued will be written back accordingly.
19 Long-term Incentive Scheme Provision (Continued)
Movements in the number of restricted unit award during the period and the maximum number of units to be vested upon vesting of restricted unit award are as follows:
| Date of grant | Vesting period | Outstanding as at 1 April 2021 | Granted during the period | Vested during the period(i) | Cancelled during the period | Lapsed during the period | Outstanding as at 30 September 2021 | Maximum to be vested on vesting date(ii) |
|---------------|---------------------------------|-------------------------------|---------------------------|-----------------------------|-----------------------------|--------------------------|-------------------------------------|----------------------------------------|
| 2017 LTI Scheme | 4 July 2018 | 420,621 | – | (237,799) | (6,500) | (176,322) | – | – |
| | 5 July 2019 | 476,108 | – | (26,835) | (5,361) | (443,912) | – | – |
| | 5 July 2019 to 30 June 2022 | 476,107 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| | 29 July 2020 | 789,237 | – | – | – | (1,298) | 786,194 | 786,194 |
| | 29 July 2020 to 30 June 2023 | 789,237 | – | – | – | (3,043) | 786,194 | 786,194 |
| | 7 July 2021 | – | 613,601 | – | – | – | 613,601 | 1,022,939(iii) |
| | 7 July 2021 to 30 June 2024 | – | 613,647 | – | – | – | 613,647 | 1,023,012(iii) |
| Total | | 2,951,310 | 1,227,248 | (264,634) | (11,861) | (627,618) | 3,274,445 | 4,690,687 |
Notes:
(i) Restricted unit award vesting percentages during the period ranged from 0% to 98.67%.
(ii) If certain vesting conditions are met.
(iii) Additional units beyond these amounts are subject to approval of the Remuneration Committee of the Manager.
## 20 Other Liabilities
| | 30 September 2021 (Unaudited) HK$'M | 31 March 2021 (Audited) HK$'M |
|--------------------------------|-------------------------------------|-------------------------------|
| Amount due to non-controlling interest | 3,872 | 3,844 |
| Non-controlling interest put option obligation | 197 | 204 |
| **Total** | **4,069** | **4,048** |
### Notes:
(i) On 23 February 2015, the Group through a non-wholly owned subsidiary (the “Project Company”, in which Link has an indirect 60% interest and Nan Fung Development Limited (“Nan Fung”) has an indirect 40% interest) acquired 77 Hoi Bun Road in Kowloon East for commercial development. For the purpose of funding the commercial development, Nan Fung, a non-controlling interest of the Project Company has contributed cash in proportion to the shareholding ratio to the Project Company. The amount due to non-controlling interest is unsecured, interest bearing at an effective interest rate of 2.4% (31 March 2021: 2.8%), has no fixed repayment term and is not repayable within one year. Such amount including any accrued interest will be repaid from the Project Company’s surplus cash after meeting its payment obligations.
(ii) Pursuant to the shareholders’ agreement, Nan Fung has a right to exercise a put option to require Link to purchase all the issued shares Nan Fung holds in the Project Company at the then fair market value, after the second anniversary of the issuance of the Certificate of Compliance for the commercial property development and certain conditions have been satisfied. The non-controlling interest put option obligation was recognised as a financial liability based on a valuation performed by Crowe Horwath First Trust Appraisal Pte Ltd, an independent firm of professional qualified valuers. The valuer has used discounted cash flow as the valuation technique. The valuation is based on various assumptions and calculated by reference to a number of unobservable inputs, including the estimated fair value of the equity interests of the Project Company at the expected time of exercise of the put option, the expected time of exercise itself, the cash flow and the discount rate used. The Manager held discussions with the valuer and reviewed all significant inputs used. Discussions of the valuation processes and results at each reporting date are held between the Manager and the valuer. Fair value of the put option obligation is included in Level 3 (31 March 2021: Level 3) of the fair value hierarchy. If the estimated fair value of the equity interests of the Project Company at the time of exercise is higher, the fair value of the put option obligation would also be higher. If the expected time of exercise is later or if the discount rate is higher, then the fair value of the put option obligation would be lower.
The movement of non-controlling interest put option obligation during the period is as follows:
| | Fair value (Unaudited) HK$'M |
|--------------------------------|-----------------------------|
| At 1 April 2021 | 204 |
| Recognised in the condensed consolidated income statement: | |
| – Fair value gain (Note 7) | (7) |
| **At 30 September 2021** | **197** |
## 21 Interest Bearing Liabilities
| | 30 September 2021 (Unaudited) HK$'M | 31 March 2021 (Audited) HK$'M |
|----------------------|-------------------------------------|-------------------------------|
| Unsecured bank borrowings | 17,012 | 14,448 |
| Secured bank borrowings | 3,846 | 3,416 |
| Medium term notes | 17,658 | 16,770 |
| **Total** | **38,516** | **34,634** |
The carrying amounts interest bearing liabilities are expected to be settled as below:
| | 30 September 2021 (Unaudited) HK$'M | 31 March 2021 (Audited) HK$'M |
|----------------------|-------------------------------------|-------------------------------|
| **Due in the first year** | | |
| Unsecured bank borrowings | 389 | 1,751 |
| Secured bank borrowings | 646 | 56 |
| Medium term notes | 1,768 | 1,441 |
| **Total** | **2,803** | **3,248** |
| **Due in the second year** | | |
| Unsecured bank borrowings | 11,974 | 299 |
| Secured bank borrowings | 85 | 78 |
| Medium term notes | 699 | 1,228 |
| **Total** | **12,758** | **1,605** |
| **Due in the third year** | | |
| Unsecured bank borrowings | 392 | 8,038 |
| Secured bank borrowings | 91 | 89 |
| Medium term notes | 5,759 | – |
| **Total** | **6,242** | **8,127** |
| **Due in the fourth year** | | |
| Unsecured bank borrowings | 4,257 | 1,249 |
| Secured bank borrowings | 2,582 | 89 |
| Medium term notes | 1,004 | 4,692 |
| **Total** | **7,843** | **6,030** |
| **Due in the fifth year** | | |
| Unsecured bank borrowings | – | 3,111 |
| Secured bank borrowings | 113 | 2,725 |
| Medium term notes | 5,797 | 1,899 |
| **Total** | **5,910** | **7,735** |
| **Due beyond the fifth year** | | |
| Secured bank borrowings | 329 | 379 |
| Medium term notes | 2,631 | 7,510 |
| **Total** | **2,960** | **7,889** |
| **Total** | **38,516** | **34,634** |
21 Interest Bearing Liabilities (Continued)
Notes:
(i) After taking into account the cross currency swap contracts, except for bank borrowings of HK$4,715 million (31 March 2021: HK$2,834 million), HK$3,665 million (31 March 2021: HK$3,861 million) and HK$3,798 million (31 March 2021: HK$3,833 million) which are denominated in Renminbi, Australian Dollars and British Pound Sterling respectively, all the other interest bearing liabilities are denominated in Hong Kong Dollars.
(ii) After taking into account the cross currency swap contracts and interest rate swap contracts, the effective interest rate of the interest bearing liabilities which are denominated in Hong Kong Dollars at the reporting date was 2.25% (31 March 2021: 2.40%) and that of the interest bearing liabilities which are denominated in Renminbi, Australian Dollars and British Pound Sterling was 3.88% (31 March 2021: 3.84%), 1.06% (31 March 2021: 1.06%) and 1.02% (31 March 2021: 1.02%) respectively.
(iii) As at 30 September 2021, the Group had London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR)-based bank borrowings of HK$2,086 million and will be affected by the global interest rate benchmark reform.
22 Convertible Bonds
On 3 April 2019, the Group issued HK$4 billion convertible bonds at 1.6% per annum due 2024. These bonds are convertible into new Link units at an initial conversion price of HK$109.39 per unit at the option of the bondholder. Link has the option to redeem the bonds if the closing price of the units is 130% or above the initial conversion price while bondholders have the right to require Link to redeem all or some only of the bonds on 3 April 2022. The convertible bonds are unsecured. The effective interest rate of the convertible bonds at the reporting date was 3.12% (31 March 2021: 3.12%).
| Liability component | Carrying value (Unaudited) HK$’M |
|---------------------|---------------------------------|
| At 1 April 2021 | 3,970 |
| Finance costs (Note 7) | 62 |
| Interest expenses paid | (63) |
| **At 30 September 2021** | **3,969** |
| Derivative component | Carrying value (Unaudited) HK$’M |
|----------------------|---------------------------------|
| At 1 April 2021 | 32 |
| Change in fair value (Note 7) | (26) |
| **At 30 September 2021** | **6** |
| **Total** | **3,975** |
## 23 Derivative Financial Instruments
| | 30 September 2021 (Unaudited) HK$'M | 31 March 2021 (Audited) HK$'M |
|--------------------------------|-------------------------------------|-------------------------------|
| **Derivative assets** | | |
| Designated as cash flow hedge | | |
| – interest rate swap contracts | 21 | 43 |
| Designated as fair value hedge | | |
| – cross currency swap contracts| 152 | 146 |
| – interest rate swap contracts | 16 | 18 |
| Not designated as hedging instruments | | |
| – cross currency swap contracts| – | 11 |
| – forward foreign exchange contracts | 2 | – |
| **Total** | 191 | 218 |
| **Derivative liabilities** | | |
| Designated as cash flow hedge | | |
| – interest rate swap contracts | (39) | (11) |
| Designated as fair value hedge | | |
| – cross currency swap contracts| – | (2) |
| Not designated as hedging instruments | | |
| – cross currency swap contract | (70) | (116) |
| **Total** | (109) | (129) |
| **Net derivative assets** | 82 | 89 |
Notes:
(i) The fair values of financial instruments that are not traded in an active market are determined by using valuation techniques. These valuation techniques maximise the use of observable market data where it is available and rely as little as possible on entity specific estimates. If all significant inputs required to fair value an instrument are observable, the instrument is included in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
(ii) The fair values of cross currency swap contracts and interest rate swap contracts are calculated by reference to the present values of the estimated future cash flows, taking into account market observable yield curves and forward exchange rates at each reporting date. The fair values of forward foreign exchange contracts are determined using forward exchange market rates at each reporting date. Cross currency swap contracts, interest rate swap contracts and forward foreign exchange contracts are included in Level 2 (31 March 2021: Level 2) of the fair value hierarchy. During the six months ended 30 September 2020 and 2021, there were no transfers between the three levels of the fair value hierarchy.
23 Derivative Financial Instruments (Continued)
The carrying amounts of net derivative assets are expected to be settled as below:
| | 30 September 2021 (Unaudited) HK$’M | 31 March 2021 (Audited) HK$’M |
|------------------------|-------------------------------------|-------------------------------|
| Within one year | 2 | – |
| After one year | 80 | 89 |
| **Total** | **82** | **89** |
The Group uses cross currency swap contracts (swapping from foreign currencies to Hong Kong Dollars) and interest rate swap contracts to minimise its exposure to movements in foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates in relation to its interest bearing liabilities. Any change in fair values of the effective portion of the cash flow hedges in relation to interest rate swap contracts is recognised in the hedging reserve. Any change in fair values of the fair value hedges in relation to interest rate swap contracts and any change in fair value of cross currency swap contracts are recognised directly in the condensed consolidated income statement. Any change in fair values of the cross currency swap contracts and forward foreign exchange contracts that are not designated for hedge accounting are recognised directly in the condensed consolidated income statement. A net amount of HK$49 million (2020: HK$57 million) had been debited to the hedging reserve during the period as further set out in Note 26.
As at 30 September 2021, the derivative financial instruments qualifying as cash flow hedges have, in effect, provided the Group with an average fixed interest rate period of 4.04 years on HK$9,892 million borrowings (31 March 2021: 4.68 years on HK$8,654 million borrowings) from the reporting date. The notional principal amount and the weighted average fixed interest rate of the outstanding floating rates to fixed rates interest rate swap contracts as at 30 September 2021 were HK$9,892 million (31 March 2021: HK$8,654 million) and 1.07% (31 March 2021: 0.77%) respectively.
As at 30 September 2021, the derivative financial instruments qualifying as fair value hedges have, in effect, converted part of the Group borrowings into Hong Kong Dollars fixed rate and floating rates interest bearing liabilities. The notional principal amounts of the outstanding cross currency swap contracts and interest rate swap contracts qualifying as fair value hedges as at 30 September 2021 were HK$7,753 million (31 March 2021: HK$7,753 million) and HK$400 million (31 March 2021: HK$400 million) respectively.
Gains and losses on interest rate swap contracts recognised in the hedging reserve (Note 26) as at 30 September 2021 will be released to the condensed consolidated income statement.
As at 30 September 2021, the Group has outstanding cross currency swap contracts that are not designated for hedge accounting and the notional principal amounts were HK$3,992 million (31 March 2021: HK$3,754 million).
As at 30 September 2021, the Group has outstanding forward contracts of selling Renminbi 57 million (31 March 2021: Nil) and British Pound Sterling 7 million (31 March 2021: Nil) against Hong Kong Dollars. These forward contracts were entered for the purpose of locking in part of the Group’s future Renminbi denominated net income in Mainland and British Pound Sterling denominated net income in the United Kingdom in Hong Kong Dollars term, and are not designated for hedge accounting.
## 24 Trade Payables, Receipts in Advance and Accruals
| | 30 September 2021 (Unaudited) HK$'M | 31 March 2021 (Audited) HK$'M |
|----------------------|-------------------------------------|-------------------------------|
| Trade payables | 60 | 58 |
| Receipts in advance | 424 | 401 |
| Accruals | 1,822 | 2,045 |
| **Total** | **2,306** | **2,504** |
The carrying amounts of these payables approximate their fair values and are expected to be settled as below:
| | 30 September 2021 (Unaudited) HK$'M | 31 March 2021 (Audited) HK$'M |
|----------------------|-------------------------------------|-------------------------------|
| Within one year | 2,306 | 2,502 |
| After one year | – | 2 |
| **Total** | **2,306** | **2,504** |
The ageing of trade payables, presented based on the due date, is as follows:
| | 30 September 2021 (Unaudited) HK$'M | 31 March 2021 (Audited) HK$'M |
|----------------------|-------------------------------------|-------------------------------|
| 0–30 days | 43 | 42 |
| 31–90 days | 6 | 6 |
| Over 90 days | 11 | 10 |
| **Total** | **60** | **58** |
## 25 Units in Issue
| | Number of units (Unaudited) |
|----------------------|--------------------------------------|
| At 1 April 2021 | 2,081,862,866 |
| Units bought back for cancellation | (1,264,000) |
| Units issued under distribution reinvestment scheme | 10,038,914 |
| **At 30 September 2021** | **2,090,637,780** |
Pursuant to the general mandate granted to the Manager by the Unitholders, the Manager (on behalf of Link) bought back a total of 1,264,000 units (2020: 6,000,000 units) at an aggregate price of HK$82 million (2020: HK$379 million). All units bought back were cancelled during the period.
During the six months ended 30 September 2021, the Manager issued and allotted 10,038,914 units in total pursuant to the distribution reinvestment scheme in respect of the final distribution for the financial year ended 31 March 2021.
Closing price of the units as at 30 September 2021 was HK$66.75 (31 March 2021: HK$70.80) per unit. Based on 2,090,637,780 units in issue as at 30 September 2021 (31 March 2021: 2,081,862,866 units), market capitalisation was HK$139,550 million (31 March 2021: HK$147,396 million).
## 26 Unitholders’ Equity
| | Hedging reserve (Unaudited) HK$'M | Exchange reserve (Unaudited) HK$'M | Earnings retained for reserve adjustments (Unaudited) HK$'M | Total (Unaudited) HK$'M |
|--------------------------------|----------------------------------|-----------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------|
| **At 1 April 2021** | 32 | (22) | (10) | – |
| **Cash flow hedges:** | | | | |
| – Change in fair values | (79) | – | – | (79) |
| – Amount transferred to the condensed consolidated income statement (Note (i)) | 30 | – | – | 30 |
| **(49)** | | | | (49) |
| **Foreign currency translations:** | | | | |
| – Exchange gain on translation of financial statements | – | 479 | – | 479 |
| – Change in fair value of net investment hedges | – | 20 | – | 20 |
| **–** | | 499 | – | 499 |
| **Net assets attributable to Unitholders:** | | | | |
| – Amount arising from reserve movements (Note (ii)) | – | – | (450) | (450) |
| **At 30 September 2021** | (17) | 477 | (460) | – |
Notes:
(i) Amount transferred to the condensed consolidated income statement in respect of cash flow hedges was included in “Finance costs” (Note 7).
(ii) The amount represented earnings retained for the period to offset the reserve movements.
27 Acquisition of Assets
On 4 June 2021, Link, through a wholly owned subsidiary, entered into a sales and purchase agreement to acquire the entire issued share capital of HK PD20 Holding Limited at a consideration of RMB2,099 million (equivalent to approximately HK$2,568 million), which is the sole owner of the entire registered capital of 廣州弦藝管理諮詢有限公司, which in turn is the sole owner of the entire registered capital of 廣州陸鹿物業管理有限公司. The final consideration will be further adjusted based on the audited net asset values of the acquired entities as at the completion date. Link incurred acquisition-related transaction costs of HK$10 million. The transaction was completed on 28 June 2021. 廣州陸鹿物業管理有限公司 owns the Happy Valley Shopping Mall located at No. 36 Machang Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou.
The acquisition has been accounted for by the Group as acquisition of assets as the entities acquired by the Group do not constitute a business.
The assets and liabilities arising from the acquisition are as follows:
| | Happy Valley Shopping Mall (Unaudited) HK$'M |
|--------------------------------|---------------------------------------------|
| Investment properties (Note 13)| 3,860 |
| Cash and cash equivalents | 53 |
| Borrowings | (713) |
| Other net current liabilities | (622) |
| **Purchase consideration** | 2,578 |
| Cash and cash equivalents acquired | (53) |
| Consideration payable and retention amount | (76) |
| **Net cash outflow on acquisition** | 2,449 |
28 Capital Commitments
| Capital expenditure of investment properties contracted but not provided for at the end of the period | 30 September 2021 (Unaudited) HK$'M | 31 March 2021 (Audited) HK$'M |
|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------|-------------------------------|
| | 479 | 709 |
29 Connected Party Transactions and Significant Related Party Transactions and Balances
Information required to be disclosed concerning related party transactions is set out in this note unless disclosed elsewhere in these condensed consolidated interim financial information.
(a) Nature of Relationship with Connected/Related Parties
The table set forth below summarises the names of the connected/related parties, as defined in the REIT Code/HKAS 24 (Revised) “Related Party Disclosures”, and the nature of their relationship with the Group as at 30 September 2021:
| Connected/related party | Relationship with the Group |
|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------|
| HSBC Institutional Trust Services (Asia) Limited (the “Trustee”) | The Trustee of Link Associates * of the Trustee |
| The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited and its subsidiaries (excluding the Trustee and its proprietary subsidiaries) (the “HSBC Group”) | |
| Aedas Limited and Aedas Beijing Limited | Associates * of director |
* “Associate” has the meaning ascribed to it under the REIT Code.
29 Connected Party Transactions and Significant Related Party Transactions and Balances (Continued)
(b) Significant Transactions with Connected/Related Parties
The following significant transactions recognised under HKFRSs were carried out with connected/related parties:
| Description | Six months ended 30 September 2021 (Unaudited) HK$’M | Six months ended 30 September 2020 (Unaudited) HK$’M |
|------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------|
| Trustee’s fee paid and payable to the Trustee (Note (ii)) | (8) | (7) |
| Transactions with the HSBC Group (Notes (iii) and (iv)) | | |
| Interest expense and various financing charges to the HSBC Group on interest bearing liabilities, cross currency swap contracts and interest rate swap contracts | (24) | (34) |
| Rental income from the HSBC Group on leasing of retail units | 18 | 17 |
| Interest income from the HSBC Group on bank deposits | 9 | 10 |
| Architectural/renovation consultancy services fees paid and payable to Aedas Limited and Aedas Beijing Limited (Notes (iii) and (v)) | (2) | (5) |
Notes:
(i) All connected/related party transactions were carried out in accordance with the terms of the relevant agreements governing the transactions and in the ordinary course of business.
(ii) The Trustee is entitled to receive an annual trustee’s fee (calculated and paid monthly) at rates ranging from 0.006% per annum to 0.015% per annum (2020: 0.006% per annum to 0.015% per annum) of the latest property value as determined in the latest annual valuation report of an independent property valuer recommended by the Manager and appointed by the Trustee for and on behalf of Link from time to time, subject to a minimum of HK$150,000 per month.
(iii) The transactions were entered into at arm’s length on normal commercial terms.
(iv) HSBC Group and the Trustee are members of the same group and HSBC Group is considered as a related party of the Group.
(v) Aedas Limited and Aedas Beijing Limited are associates of Mr. Ian Keith GRIFFITHS.
(c) Significant Balances with Related Parties
Significant balances with related parties are set out below:
| Description | 30 September 2021 (Unaudited) HK$’M | 31 March 2021 (Audited) HK$’M |
|------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------|-------------------------------|
| Trustee’s fee payable to the Trustee | (1) | (1) |
| Interest bearing liabilities with the HSBC Group | (2,542) | (2,531) |
| Net interest receivable from the HSBC Group | 2 | 2 |
| Security deposits from the HSBC Group | (3) | (3) |
| Cross currency swap contracts and interest rate swap contracts with the HSBC Group | 12 | 31 |
| Deposits placed with the HSBC Group | 1,193 | 1,688 |
| Architectural/renovation consultancy services fees payable to Aedas Limited and Aedas Beijing Limited | – | (4) |
29 Connected Party Transactions and Significant Related Party Transactions and Balances (Continued)
(d) Key Management Compensation
The aggregate amounts of emoluments of the key management staff of the Group are as follows:
| | Six months ended 30 September 2021 (Unaudited) HK$’M | Six months ended 30 September 2020 (Unaudited) HK$’M |
|--------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------|
| Fees | 5 | 5 |
| Basic salaries, allowances and other benefits | 102 | 78 |
| Long-term incentive scheme awards | 40 | (6) |
| | **147** | **77** |
30 Events After the Reporting Date
On 5 November 2021, Link, through its wholly-owned subsidiaries, entered into principal transaction documents, including the respective contracts of sale, to conditionally acquire 50% interests in freehold and leasehold interests in three retail properties in Sydney (namely Queen Victoria Building (“QVB”), The Galeries and The Strand Arcade) at an aggregate consideration of approximately AUD$538 million (equivalent to approximately HK$3,120 million). Completion of the acquisition is subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions under the respective contracts of sale. QVB, The Galeries and The Strand Arcade are located at 429–481, 500 and 412–414A George Street, Sydney New South Wales 2000, respectively.
On 10 November 2021, Link, through its wholly-owned subsidiaries, entered into sale and purchase agreements to acquire the entire equity interests in Apollo Luck Limited and Zung Fu Land Investment Limited (“Target Entities”), which owns a godown building located at No. 60 Ka Yip Street, Chai Wan, Hong Kong and a mixed-use car park building located at No. 50 Po Loi Street, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong respectively, at an aggregate cash consideration of HK$5,820 million. The final consideration will be further adjusted based on the audited net asset values of the Target Entities as of the completion date. Completion of the acquisition is subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions under the sale and purchase agreements.
31 Approval of the Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Information
The condensed consolidated interim financial information was authorised for issue by the Board on 10 November 2021.
## Financial Data
### Condensed consolidated income statement
| | Six months ended 30 September 2021 (Unaudited) HK$’M | Six months ended 30 September 2020 (Unaudited) HK$’M | Six months ended 30 September 2019 (Unaudited) HK$’M | Six months ended 30 September 2018 (Unaudited) HK$’M | Six months ended 30 September 2017 (Unaudited) HK$’M |
|--------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------|
| Revenue | 5,778 | 5,233 | 5,332 | 4,930 | 4,949 |
| Property operating expenses | (1,387) | (1,196) | (1,261) | (1,171) | (1,182) |
| Net property income | 4,391 | 4,037 | 4,071 | 3,759 | 3,767 |
| General and administrative expenses | (237) | (220) | (201) | (151) | (185) |
| Change in fair values of investment properties and impairment of goodwill | 3,065 | (7,275) | 3,662 | 6,702 | 9,432 |
| Interest income | 52 | 71 | 95 | 59 | 2 |
| Finance costs | (477) | (405) | (233) | (302) | (288) |
| Loss on disposals of financial assets at amortised cost | (9) | – | – | – | – |
| Share of net profit of a joint venture | 274 | – | – | – | – |
| Profit/(loss) before taxation and transactions with Unitholders | 7,059 | (3,792) | 7,394 | 10,067 | 12,728 |
| Taxation | (717) | (533) | (677) | (732) | (589) |
| Profit/(loss) for the period, before transactions with Unitholders | 6,342 | (4,325) | 6,717 | 9,335 | 12,139 |
| Distributions paid to Unitholders | (3,089) | (2,999) | (2,964) | (2,758) | (2,581) |
| | 3,253 | (7,324) | 3,753 | 6,577 | 9,558 |
Represented by:
| | Six months ended 30 September 2021 (Unaudited) HK$’M | Six months ended 30 September 2020 (Unaudited) HK$’M | Six months ended 30 September 2019 (Unaudited) HK$’M | Six months ended 30 September 2018 (Unaudited) HK$’M | Six months ended 30 September 2017 (Unaudited) HK$’M |
|--------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------|
| Change in net assets attributable to Unitholders, excluding issues of new units and units bought back | 3,649 | (6,139) | 2,278 | 4,690 | 10,228 |
| Amount arising from reserve movements | (450) | (953) | 1,500 | 1,778 | (677) |
| Non-controlling interest | 54 | (232) | (25) | 109 | 7 |
| | 3,253 | (7,324) | 3,753 | 6,577 | 9,558 |
### Consolidated statement of distributions
| | Six months ended 30 September 2021 (Unaudited) HK$’M | Six months ended 30 September 2020 (Unaudited) HK$’M | Six months ended 30 September 2019 (Unaudited) HK$’M | Six months ended 30 September 2018 (Unaudited) HK$’M | Six months ended 30 September 2017 (Unaudited) HK$’M |
|--------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------|
| Profit/(loss) for the period, before transactions with Unitholders | 6,288 | (4,093) | 6,742 | 9,226 | 12,132 |
| Adjustments: | | | | | |
| – Change in fair values of investment properties and impairment of goodwill attributable to Unitholders | (3,282) | 7,048 | (3,644) | (6,591) | (9,424) |
| – Deferred taxation on change in fair values of investment properties attributable to Unitholders | 152 | (61) | 65 | 145 | 48 |
| – Change in fair values of derivative components of convertible bonds | (26) | – | (58) | – | – |
| – Change in fair values of financial instruments | (13) | (70) | (225) | 35 | – |
| – Depreciation and amortisation of real estate and related assets | 26 | 28 | 13 | – | – |
| – Loss on disposals of financial assets at amortised cost | 9 | – | – | – | – |
| – Other non-cash loss/(income) | 36 | (75) | (72) | (56) | (83) |
| – Depreciation charge on investment properties under China Accounting Standards | – | – | – | – | (69) |
| Discretionary distribution | 146 | 144 | 145 | – | 69 |
| Total Distributable Amount | 3,336 | 2,921 | 2,966 | 2,759 | 2,673 |
**Distribution per unit (HK cents)**
| | Interim DPU |
|--------------------------------|-------------|
| | 159.59 |
| | 141.65 |
| | 141.47 |
| | 130.62 |
| | 121.50 |
## Financial Data (Continued)
| Assets and liabilities | As at 30 September 2021 (Unaudited) | As at 31 March 2021 (Audited) | As at 31 March 2020 (Audited) | As at 31 March 2019 (Audited) | As at 31 March 2018 (Audited) |
|------------------------|-------------------------------------|-------------------------------|-------------------------------|-------------------------------|-------------------------------|
| Investment properties | HK$’M | | | | |
| | 206,551 | 199,074 | 193,224 | 218,496 | 203,091 |
| Other assets | HK$’M | | | | |
| | 11,344 | 10,811 | 14,395 | 8,441 | 13,313 |
| Total assets | HK$’M | | | | |
| | 217,895 | 209,885 | 207,619 | 226,937 | 216,404 |
| Total liabilities, excluding net assets attributable to Unitholders | HK$’M | 54,828 | 51,192 | 47,502 | 37,611 | 37,336 |
| Non-controlling interest | HK$’M | 27 | (27) | 406 | 587 | 474 |
| Net assets attributable to Unitholders | HK$’M | 163,040 | 158,720 | 159,711 | 188,739 | 178,594 |
| Total borrowings to total assets | % | 19.5 | 18.4 | 16.7 | 10.7 | 11.9 |
| Total liabilities to total assets | % | 25.2 | 24.4 | 22.9 | 16.6 | 17.3 |
| Valuation of investment properties | HK$’M | 206,551 | 199,074 | 193,224 | 218,496 | 203,091 |
| Valuation capitalisation rate – Hong Kong | % | 3.10–4.50 | 3.10–4.50 | 3.10–4.50 | 3.00–4.20 | 3.00–4.20 |
| – Retail | % | 3.10–5.30 | 3.10–5.30 | 3.10–5.30 | 3.50–4.80 | 3.50–4.80 |
| – Car Park | % | 3.00 | 3.00 | 3.00 | N/A | N/A |
| – Office | % | 3.00 | 3.00 | 3.00 | N/A | N/A |
| – Mainland | % | 4.25–4.75 | 4.25–4.75 | 4.25–4.75 | 4.25–4.75 | 4.50–4.75 |
| – Retail | % | 4.25 | 4.25 | 4.25 | 4.25 | 4.25 |
| – Office | % | 4.25 | 4.25 | 4.25 | 4.25 | 4.25 |
| – Australia | % | 4.40 | 4.50 | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| – United Kingdom | % | 5.26 | 5.24 | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Net assets per unit attributable to Unitholders | HK$ | 77.99 | 76.24 | 77.61 | 89.48 | 83.06 |
| Closing price per unit | HK$ | 66.75 | 70.80 | 65.70 | 91.80 | 67.00 |
| Market capitalisation (Discount)/premium of unit price to net assets per unit attributable to Unitholders | % | (14.4) | (7.1) | (15.3) | 2.6 | (19.3) |
| Units in issue | | 2,090,637,780 | 2,081,862,866 | 2,057,898,386 | 2,109,321,254 | 2,150,058,972 |
## Portfolio Data
| | Six months ended 30 September 2021 (Unaudited) | Six months ended 30 September 2020 (Unaudited) | Six months ended 30 September 2019 (Unaudited) | Six months ended 30 September 2018 (Unaudited) | Six months ended 30 September 2017 (Unaudited) |
|--------------------------|-------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------|
| **Hong Kong Retail and Car Park Portfolio** | | | | | |
| Average monthly unit rent at period end (Note (i)) | HK$ psf | 62.4 | 63.0 | 64.0 | 60.7 | 54.6 |
| Reversion rate (Note (ii)) | % | 3.4 | (4.0) | 19.6 | 23.7 | 28.7 |
| Occupancy rate at period end | % | 97.5 | 96.1 | 96.9 | 95.5 | 96.3 |
| Net property income margin | % | 76.6 | 77.2 | 75.9 | 75.9 | 76.0 |
| Car park income per space per month | HK$ | 3,073 | 2,745 | 2,929 | 2,706 | 2,463 |
| **Hong Kong Office** | | | | | |
| Occupancy rate at period end | % | 81.4 | 79.3 | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| **Mainland Portfolio** | | | | | |
| Reversion rate (Note (ii)) | % | 12.1 | 8.7 | 34.2 | 47.4 | 42.6 |
| – Retail | % | (12.1) | (8.5) | 15.2 | 0.2 | 18.7 |
| – Office | % | | | | | |
| Occupancy rate at period end | % | 91.5 | 94.7 | 99.0 | 98.8 | 96.9 |
| – Retail | % | | | | | |
| – Office | % | | | | | |
| Net property income margin | % | 74.8 | 76.6 | 79.0 | 79.6 | 77.7 |
| **Australia Office** | | | | | | |
| Occupancy rate at period end | % | 100.0 | 100.0 | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| **United Kingdom Office** | | | | | | |
| Occupancy rate at period end | % | 100.0 | 100.0 | N/A | N/A | N/A |
### Performance Data
| | HK$’M | | | | |
|--------------------------|-------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------|
| Net assets attributable to Unitholders at period end | | 163,040 | 153,853 | 189,926 | 180,378 | 147,634 |
| Net assets per unit attributable to Unitholders at period end | HK$ | 77.99 | 74.60 | 90.58 | 85.41 | 67.11 |
| The highest premium of the traded price to net assets per unit attributable to Unitholders (Note (ii)) | HK$ | 0.71 | N/A | 9.22 | N/A | N/A |
| The highest discount of the traded price to net assets per unit attributable to Unitholders (Note (ii)) | HK$ | (14.89) | (18.35) | (5.58) | (19.61) | (12.91) |
| Closing price per unit at period end | HK$ | 66.75 | 63.00 | 86.45 | 77.05 | 63.30 |
| Net yield per unit (Note (iii)) | % | 2.4 | 2.2 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.9 |
| Net yield (annualised) per unit | % | 4.8 | 4.5 | 3.3 | 3.4 | 3.8 |
| Net yield (annualised) per unit on listing price of HK$10.30 per unit | % | 31.0 | 27.5 | 27.5 | 25.4 | 23.6 |
Notes:
(i) Average monthly unit rent at period end and reversion rate were calculated based on base rent (excluding management fees). Comparative figures have been restated.
(ii) The highest premium and discount are calculated based on the highest and lowest traded prices of HK$78.70 (2020: HK$71.25) and HK$63.10 (2020: HK$56.25) respectively on The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited during the period.
(iii) Net yield per unit is calculated based on distribution per unit for the six months ended 30 September 2021 of HK159.59 cents (2020: HK141.65 cents) over the closing price as at 30 September 2021 of HK$66.75 (2020: HK$63.00).
INVESTOR INFORMATION
Listing of the Units
Link’s Units are listed on the Main Board of the Stock Exchange (stock code: 823) in board lot size of 100 Units.
There were 2,090,637,780 Units in issue as at 30 September 2021. Further details of Units in issue are set out in Note 25 to the condensed consolidated interim financial information in this report.
Financial Calendar
| Event | Date |
|----------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------|
| Interim results announcement for the six months ended 30 September 2021 | 10 November 2021 |
| Ex-interim distribution date | 22 November 2021 |
| Closure of register of Unitholders\(^{(1)}\) | 24 to 25 November 2021 inclusive |
| Record date for interim distribution | 25 November 2021 |
| Announcement of distribution reinvestment scheme | 25 November 2021 |
| Despatch of distribution reinvestment scheme circular and related documents | 2 December 2021 |
| Announcement of issue price for scrip in lieu of an interim cash distribution | 9 December 2021 |
| Final date for scrip election\(^{(2)}\) | 17 December 2021 not later than 4:30 p.m. |
| Interim distribution payment date | 31 December 2021 |
| Financial year end | 31 March 2022 |
Notes:
(1) In order to qualify for the interim distribution of HK$159.59 cents per Unit for the six months ended 30 September 2021, Unitholders should ensure that all transfer documents accompanied by the relevant unit certificates have been lodged with Link’s unit registrar, Computershare Hong Kong Investor Services Limited, at Shops 1712-1716, 17th Floor, Hopewell Centre, 183 Queen’s Road East, Wanchai, Hong Kong, for registration not later than 4:30 p.m. on Tuesday, 23 November 2021.
(2) A distribution reinvestment scheme will be available to eligible Unitholders who may elect to receive the interim distribution for the six months ended 30 September 2021, wholly in cash or wholly in new Units or a combination of both. For those Unitholders electing for scrip, the relevant election form must be lodged with Link’s unit registrar, Computershare Hong Kong Investor Services Limited (at the address above) not later than 4:30 p.m. on Friday, 17 December 2021. Unitholders should note that any election form arrived/received after the aforesaid deadline will be taken as invalid.
Financial reports, announcements, circulars, notices, other corporate communications, press releases and other investor information of Link are available online at Link’s corporate website: Linkreit.com. To promote environmental protection, we recommend you to view our publications online at our corporate website instead of using printed copies.
**Investor Relations Contact**
Address: 20/F., Tower 1, The Quayside,
77 Hoi Bun Road,
Kwun Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
Telephone: (852) 2175 1800
Facsimile: (852) 2175 1900
Email: firstname.lastname@example.org
**Index Inclusion**
Link is a component of the following selected indices:
- Dow Jones Sustainability Asia Pacific Index
- FTSE4Good Index Series
- FTSE Global Equity Index Series
- FTSE Global Minimum Variance Index Series
- FTSE EPRA\(^{(1)}\) NAREIT\(^{(2)}\) Index Series
- FTSE RAFI Index Series
- Hang Seng Index
- Hang Seng REIT Index
- Hang Seng Composite Index
- Hang Seng HK 35
- Hang Seng Corporate Sustainability Index
- MSCI All Country World Index
- MSCI All Country Asia ex Japan Index
- MSCI World Index
- MSCI Hong Kong Index
- MSCI AC Asia Pacific Real Estate Index
- MSCI AC Asia ex Japan IMI REITS Index
- GPR\(^{(3)}\) 250 (World) Index
- GPR\(^{(3)}\) 250 Asia Index
- GPR\(^{(3)}\) 250 Asia Pacific Index
- GPR\(^{(3)}\) 250 Hong Kong Index
- GPR\(^{(3)}\) 250 REIT (World) Index
- GPR\(^{(3)}\) 250 REIT Asia Index
- GPR\(^{(3)}\) 250 REIT Asia Pacific Index
- GPR\(^{(3)}\) 250 REIT Hong Kong Index
- GPR\(^{(3)}\) General (World) Index
- GPR\(^{(3)}\) General Asia Index
- GPR\(^{(3)}\) General Hong Kong Index
- GPR\(^{(3)}\) General Quoted (World) Index
- GPR\(^{(3)}\) General Quoted Asia Index
- GPR\(^{(3)}\) General Quoted Hong Kong Index
- GPR\(^{(3)}\) Global 100 Index
- GPR\(^{(3)}\)/APREA\(^{(4)}\) Composite Index
- GPR\(^{(3)}\)/APREA\(^{(4)}\) Composite Hong Kong Index
- GPR\(^{(3)}\)/APREA\(^{(4)}\) Composite REIT Index
- GPR\(^{(3)}\)/APREA\(^{(4)}\) Composite REIT Hong Kong Index
- GPR\(^{(3)}\)/APREA\(^{(4)}\) Investable 100 Index
- GPR\(^{(3)}\)/APREA\(^{(4)}\) Investable 100 Hong Kong Index
- GPR\(^{(3)}\)/APREA\(^{(4)}\) Investable REIT 100 Index
The inclusion of Link REIT in any MSCI index, and the use of MSCI logos, trademarks, service marks or index names herein, do not constitute a sponsorship, endorsement or promotion of Link REIT by MSCI or any of its affiliates. The MSCI indexes are the exclusive property of MSCI. MSCI and the MSCI index names and logos are trademarks or service marks of MSCI or its affiliates.
Notes:
(1) European Public Real Estate Association
(2) National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts
(3) Global Property Research
(4) Asia Pacific Real Estate Association
| Term | Definition |
|-------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| 2017 LTI Scheme or Long-term Incentive Scheme | the long-term incentive scheme of Link adopted by the Board on 10 July 2017 |
| AUM | asset under management |
| average monthly unit rent | the average base rent per month psf of leased area |
| Award(s) | Restricted Unit Award(s), or Conditional Cash Award(s), or a combination of both granted under the 2017 LTI Scheme |
| base rent | in respect of a lease, the standard rent payable under the lease, exclusive of any additional turnover rent (if applicable) and other charges and reimbursements |
| Board or Board of Directors | board of directors of the Manager |
| Board Committees | the committees of the Board to discharge the duties set out in their respective terms of reference as approved by the Board which, as at the date of this report, include the Audit and Risk Management Committee, the Finance and Investment Committee, the Nomination Committee and the Remuneration Committee, and “Board Committee” refers to any one of them |
| CEO | Chief Executive Officer of the Manager |
| CFO | Chief Financial Officer of the Manager |
| Chairman | Chairman of the Board (unless the context requires otherwise) |
| CLO | Chief Legal Officer of the Manager |
| Compliance Manual | the compliance manual of the Manager which sets out (among others) the key processes, systems and measures in respect of Link’s operations and the corporate governance policy of Link |
| Conditional Cash Award(s) | conditional right to receive cash payment(s) granted to a participant in accordance with the rules of the 2017 LTI Scheme and the relevant grant letter(s) |
| COVID-19 | Coronavirus Disease 2019 |
| CSO | Chief Strategy Officer of the Manager |
| Director(s) | director(s) of the Manager |
| DPU | distribution per Unit in respect of the total distributable amount of Link for a financial year/period |
| ED(s) | Executive Director(s) of the Manager (unless the context requires otherwise) |
| ESG | environmental, social and governance |
| EUPP | employee unit purchase plan, pursuant to which an eligible employee who meets the prescribed criteria is entitled to subsidy from the Manager for purchasing, through an independent third-party intermediary, Units in the open market in accordance with the rules of the plan |
| GAV | gross asset value (and as calculated in the manner set out in the Trust Deed) |
| GAV Cap | 25% of Link’s GAV as a cap to property development activities of Link under the REIT Code |
| Group | Link and its subsidiaries (unless the context requires otherwise) |
| Term | Definition |
|----------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| **Hong Kong Stock Exchange** or **Stock Exchange** or **SEHK** | The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited |
| **INED(s)** | Independent Non-Executive Director(s) of the Manager (unless the context requires otherwise) |
| **KPI(s)** | key performance indicator(s) |
| **lease** | a lease or a tenancy agreement (both of which grant a possessory interest) or a licence (which merely constitutes an authority to do something) in respect of premises at the properties granted to a tenant |
| **Link** or **Link REIT** | Link Real Estate Investment Trust |
| **Link Securities Dealing Code** | the code governing dealings in securities of Link by Directors and senior management of the Manager |
| **Listing Rules** | Rules Governing the Listing of Securities on the Stock Exchange |
| **Listing Rules Corporate Governance Code** | Corporate Governance Code and Corporate Governance Report contained in Appendix 14 to the Listing Rules |
| **Manager** | Link Asset Management Limited, which is the manager of Link |
| **market capitalisation** | the market value of the REIT calculated by multiplying the number of units in issue by the prevailing unit price quoted on the Stock Exchange |
| **Maximum Cap** | 25% of Link’s GAV as a cap to the total sum of: (i) all Relevant Investments; (ii) non-qualified minority-owned properties; (iii) other ancillary investments; and (iv) all of the property development costs together with the aggregate contract value of the uncompleted units of real estate |
| **MTN** | note(s) and/or green bond issued or to be issued from time-to-time pursuant to the Guaranteed Euro Medium Term Note Programme established by The Link Finance (Cayman) 2009 Limited (a wholly-owned subsidiary of Link) in May 2009 |
| **NED** | Non-Executive Director of the Manager (unless the context requires otherwise) |
| **NGO(s)** | non-governmental organisation(s) |
| **NPI** | net property income, being total revenue less direct property related expenses |
| **occupancy rate** | the aggregated leased area as a percentage of total leasable area |
| **Principal Valuer** | the Principal Valuer (as defined in the REIT Code) of Link, which is currently Colliers International (Hong Kong) Limited |
| **psf** | per square foot |
| **Qualified Minority-owned Property** | qualified minority-owned property under 7.7C of the REIT Code |
| **REIT(s)** | real estate investment trust(s) |
| **REIT Code** | Code on Real Estate Investment Trusts issued by the SFC |
| Term | Definition |
|-----------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Relevant Investments | the financial instruments permissible from time-to-time under the REIT Code for Link to invest in, including (without limitation): (i) securities listed on the Stock Exchange or other internationally recognised stock exchanges; (ii) unlisted debt securities; (iii) government and other public securities; and (iv) local or overseas property funds |
| Restricted Unit Award(s) | conditional right to receive Units granted to a participant in accordance with the rules of the 2017 LTI Scheme and the relevant grant letter |
| ROI or return on investment | projected NPI post asset enhancement minus NPI pre asset enhancement divided by the estimated amount of project capital expenditure and loss of rental |
| reversion rate | the percentage change in psf average unit rent between old and new leases on the same unit |
| SFC | Securities and Futures Commission of Hong Kong |
| SFO | Securities and Futures Ordinance (Chapter 571 of the Laws of Hong Kong) |
| SPV(s) | special purpose vehicle(s) (within the meaning of the REIT Code and the Trust Deed) |
| sq ft | square feet |
| tenant | a lessee, a tenant or a licencee (as the case may be) under a lease |
| total distributable amount | total distributable amount for a financial year/period is the total distributable income and any additional amount (including capital) that the Manager has determined to be distributable |
| total distributable income | the consolidated profit after taxation attributable to Unitholders (equivalent to profit for the financial year/period, before transactions with Unitholders attributable to Unitholders) adjusted to eliminate the effect of certain non-cash adjustments |
| Trust Deed | the trust deed dated 6 September 2005 between the Trustee and the Manager constituting Link, as amended and supplemented by 14 supplemental deeds and two amending and restating deeds |
| Trustee | trustee of Link, which is currently HSBC Institutional Trust Services (Asia) Limited |
| turnover rent | rent calculated and charged by reference to a pre-determined percentage of a tenant’s gross sales turnover in excess of the base rent |
| Unit(s) | unit(s) of Link |
| Unitholder(s) | holder(s) of Unit(s) of Link |
| WALE | weighted average lease expiry |
| yoy | year-on-year |
CORPORATE INFORMATION
Board of Directors of the Manager
Chairman
Nicholas Charles ALLEN
(also an Independent Non-Executive Director)
Executive Directors
George Kwok Lung HONGCHOY
(Chief Executive Officer)
NG Kok Siong
(Chief Financial Officer)
Non-Executive Director
Ian Keith GRIFFITHS
Independent Non-Executive Directors
Christopher John BROOKE
Ed CHAN Yiu Cheong
Jenny GU Jialin
Lincoln LEONG Kwok Kuen
Blair Chilton PICKERELL
Poh Lee TAN
May Siew Boi TAN
Peter TSE Pak Wing
Nancy TSE Sau Ling
Elaine Carole YOUNG
Company Secretary of the Manager
Kenneth Tai Lun WONG\(^{(1)}\)
Responsible Officers of the Manager\(^{(2)}\)
George Kwok Lung HONGCHOY
NG Kok Siong
Eric YAU Siu Kei
Christine CHAN Suk Han
Authorised Representatives\(^{(3)}\)
George Kwok Lung HONGCHOY
Kenneth Tai Lun WONG
Trustee
HSBC Institutional Trust Services (Asia) Limited
Auditor
PricewaterhouseCoopers
Principal Valuer
Colliers International (Hong Kong) Limited
Registered Office of the Manager
20/F., Tower 1, The Quayside,
77 Hoi Bun Road,
Kwun Tong, Kowloon,
Hong Kong
Town Office of the Manager
Suite 3004, 30/F.,
9 Queen’s Road Central,
Hong Kong
Unit Registrar and Transfer Office
Computershare Hong Kong Investor Services Limited
Shops 1712-1716, 17/F.,
Hopewell Centre,
183 Queen’s Road East, Wanchai, Hong Kong
Telephone: (852) 2862 8555
Media Enquiry Contact
Address: 20/F., Tower 1, The Quayside,
77 Hoi Bun Road,
Kwun Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
Telephone: (852) 2175 1800
Facsimile: (852) 2175 1938
Email: email@example.com
Customer Service Contact
Hotline: (852) 2122 9000
Websites
Linkreit.com (corporate website)
Linkhk.com (customer website)
Mobile App
Download
Park & Dine
Linkhk.com
Notes:
(1) Email: firstname.lastname@example.org
(2) Required by the Securities and Futures Ordinance (Chapter 571 of the Laws of Hong Kong)
(3) Required by the Rules Governing the Listing of Securities on The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited
Link Real Estate Investment Trust
Linkreit.com
|
4ab64c8b-323a-4335-ae21-b35ec1808b90
|
HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/eng_Latn/train
|
finepdfs
|
eng_Latn
| 325,305
|
LIFE SKILLS
Sviluppare competenze per l’adulto di domani
percorso formativo 2023 / 2024
Centro Civico Lignano Sabbiadoro
Ma se ti lascio fare da solo, cosa succede?
Relatrice: dott.ssa Giusy Guarino
L’esperienza dell’identità umana si fonda su due elementi: il senso di appartenenza, corrispondente al mantenimento dell’unità del gruppo nel tempo, ed il senso di differenziazione, inteso come necessità di espressione del Sé individuale di ognuno.
La famiglia è il laboratorio in cui questi ingredienti si mischiano e si ripartiscono.
La famiglia offre RADICI E ALI
dott.ssa GIUSY GUARINO
CHE COSA SONO LE ALI?
Autonomia psicologica ....DEFINIZIONI:
«...esprime la capacità di esistere liberamente così come siamo, di decidere in coscienza come vivere pur rimanendo aperti agli altri, alle loro opinioni e consigli. Non si agisce più in funzione di quello che gli altri si aspettano da noi perché si è acquisita la libertà di essere se stessi.»
CONCETTO DI AUTONOMIA PSICOLOGICA
legato a ....
RESPONSABILITÀ
AUTOSTIMA
AUTOEFFICACIA
Perché? E’ nato prima l’uovo o la gallina?
dott.ssa GIUSY GUARINO
AVERE AUTONOMIA VUOL DIRE:
• Considerarsi l’agente causale della propria vita
POSSO
• Accettare la propria impotenza in alcune situazioni che non dipendono da noi
NON POSSO
POSSO
GRATIFICAZIONI
«Così, quando il bambino incomincia ad acquisire un senso del proprio valore, della propria coesività, del suo essere un’entità determinata, ha bisogno che gli altri lo confermino in questa consapevolezza.»
dott.ssa GIUSY GUARINO
NON POSSO FRUSTRAZIONI
Se nell’ambiente (sostegno) si presentano delle frustrazioni ottimali che il bambino riesce a tollerare, a poco a poco sarà in grado di ridimensionare le immagini esagerate del sé e degli altri.
dott.ssa GIUSY GUARINO
Sono concetti astratti?
...ANCHE....
3 VERBI DIVERSI
EDUCARE i bambini
ORIENTARE i pre-adolescenti
AIUTARE i giovani
dott.ssa GIUSY GUARINO
COME ESSERE?
- Sviluppare tratti di responsabilità
- Incoraggiare pensieri, dialoghi e domande
- Promuovere discussioni sulle differenti regole ed osservazioni sul mondo
- Insegnare la funzione delle regole e come sono strutturate
- Insegnare tecniche per conciliarsi con gli altri quando insorgono problemi ed una sana competizione
- Far capire quali sono le richieste non negoziabili e quali quelle possibili
- Sollecitare i pensieri logici e creativi
dott.ssa GIUSY GUARINO
NEL CONCRETO COME SI SVILUPPA?:
È L’ABILITÀ ALLARGATA DI ORGANIZZARE E COORDINARE LE RISORSE AMBIENTALI E PERSONALI
E’ UNA SFIDA
Il bambino/ragazzo autonomo è quello capace di usare in modo organizzato e intenzionale:
- ambiente, oggetti a pensieri, idee e concetti
NEL CONCRETO COME SI SVILUPPA?
I bambini devono....
- Verificare l’effetto che le sue azioni hanno sulla realtà
- Conseguire abilità di vita quotidiana
- Raccogliere dati sul mondo al di fuori del gruppo di appartenenza
- Ricercare contatti sociali
- Organizzazione del proprio tempo e dello spazio e dei suoi compiti
- Aiutare a fare richieste assertive e adeguate al contesto
- Sviluppare responsabilità
3 dimensioni su cui genitori possono lavorare
TEMPO
SPAZIO
CURA DI SE’
TEMPO
Orientarsi nel tempo e padroneggiare le attività in base alla durata
PLANNING SETTIMANALE
dott.ssa GIUSY GUARINO 26 ottobre 2023
AZIONI
• Esplicitare e rendere visibile la scansione del tempo lungo.
• Fare un planner delle attività settimanali e giornaliere.
• Indicare con chiarezza orari di inizio e fine delle attività.
STRUMENTI
- Planner/Programma appeso al muro, visibile
- lavagna
- Quaderno
MODALITÀ
Definire che ciascuno ha dei compiti da assolvere: il genitore lavora, il figlio studia.
VANTAGGI
Capacità di pianificare e programmare
• Crescita della responsabilità
• Crescita dell’Autonomia
• Rassicura (sapere qual è il programma, cosa capiterà dopo, tranquillizza)
Modalità
All'inizio della giornata:
• Ricordare gli impegni giornalieri leggendo il planner e/o i dettagli del piano di studio e i compiti di ciascuno.
• Stabilire degli obiettivi/ricordare gli impegni presi il giorno prima.
Al termine della giornata:
• Verificare l'andamento giornaliero delle attività con autovalutazione e feedback di incoraggiamento.
• Stabilire degli obiettivi per il giorno successivo.
• Si può rendere gratificante il momento finale di valutazione della settimana.
SPAZIO
Orientarsi nello spazio e distinguere tra gli spazi...cucina, stanza, salotto....
AZIONI
Definire gli spazi per le attività:
ove possibile suddividere e personalizzare gli spazi: spazio studio/lavoro; spazio gioco, spazio pranzo, ecc.
Se non è possibile separare gli spazi, attraverso materiali e simbologia/modifichiamo l’ambiente in base all’uso.
es. SITUAZIONE DI GIOCO: strumenti
Cartello: “tempo per giocare!” Tappeto dei giochi, Baule dei giochi.
MODALITÀ
Creare assieme il cartello “Gioco”: può essere messo e tolto per segnalare l’inizio/termine dell’attività;
VANTAGGI
• Distinguere le attività e i momenti
• Gestione del tempo: capacità di prevedere e calcolare il tempo necessario a fare le cose
• Programmare le attività
• Abituare a sistemare i materiali
AZIONI
Definire gli spazi.
es. SITUAZIONE DI STUDIO: strumenti
- Scotch colorato / fogli colorati per differenziare gli spazi
- Valutare se si possono fare spostamenti di mobili e/o modificare l’utilizzo di spazi destinati ad altro
MODALITA’
Scegliere un luogo o uno spazio dedicato che favorisca la concentrazione (es. la scrivania rivolta al muro)
Es. SITUAZIONE DI STUDIO:
suggerimenti
- Togliere gli stimoli non pertinenti o distraenti
- Stimoli audio e visivi: Spegnere televisori, radio; cellulari.
- Chiudere le finestre o tirare le tende se dall’esterno arrivano stimoli distraenti
- Tenere/far tenere quanto più possibile in ordine: il disordine è come una serie di “rumori” distonici, confondono e stressano senza utilità
MODALITA’ - ADOLESCENTI E SMARTPHONE
- Viene usato nei momenti di pausa: stabilire i momenti di pausa nel planner giornaliero (attenua ansia)
Cura di se’
Occuparsi di sé, dei propri oggetti, corpo e psichè
dott.ssa GIUSY GUARINO
AZIONI
Definire chiaramente le routine di cura
Lavarsi, Vestirsi e prepararsi, sia della sveglia che del sonno, cibo, gestione dello spazio (pulizie ed ordine), contributo a spazi comuni.
STRUMENTI
Abiti adeguati all’attività, planner settimanale, tempo.
MODALITÀ:
• Stimolare il pensiero razionale: spiegare il motivo "ragioniamoci assieme"
• Promuovere l'autovalutazione razionale
In caso di inadeguatezza: per Es. chiedere: «Sei riuscito a prepararti bene oggi?»
VANTAGGI
• Capacità di essere adeguati al momento e all’attività.
• Responsabilizzazione su benessere fisico e psichico
• AutoValutazione dell'incidenza della forma nel proprio modo di comportarsi e di pensare
percorso formativo
2023 / 2024
dott.ssa GIUSY GUARINO
Uno strumento per noi
| OBIETTIVI DA SVILUPPARE | Cosa NON fare Quali Azioni e/o comportamenti evitare? |
|-------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------|
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| Cosa LASCIAR FARE Quali azioni spontanee possiamo valorizzare? |
|---------------------------------------------------------------|
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| COSA FARE e FAR FARE Quali attività possiamo far fare per raggiungere gli obiettivi? |
|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
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| RISCHI Quali i rischi se si fanno o si lasciano accadere queste cose? |
|-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
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| Valutazione del rischio 0 assolutamente sostenibile; 10 assolutamente insostenibile |
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dott.ssa GIUSY GUARINO 26 ottobre 2023
Uno strumento per loro
COME RAGGIUNGERE I PROPRI OBIETTIVI
Rispondi alle seguenti domande. Ricorda che le risposte sono personali e potrai condividere solo ciò che ritieni opportuno.
Obiettivo che voglio raggiungere (descritto più concretamente possibile):
Quali difficoltà potrai incontrare?
- Ho paura di fallire
- Non ho le capacità necessarie
- Non penso che avrò voglia di impegnarmi veramente
- Ripensandoci, è troppo difficile per me
- Ho paura del giudizio degli altri
- Altro
Come potresti superare queste difficoltà?
Chi ti potrebbe aiutare e come?
Pensi di potercela fare? Con che probabilità?
Quanto tempo ti dai per raggiungere questo obiettivo?
Cosa otterrai dopo averlo raggiunto? Quali sarebbero i vantaggi e gli svantaggi?
Concludendo, pensi di poter raggiungere il tuo obiettivo finale? Con che probabilità?
dott.ssa GIUSY GUARINO
Il materiale presentato verrà messo a disposizione sul SITO del Comune di Lignano Sabbiadoro > Sportello del cittadino > Forum Educazione Lignano al seguente indirizzo: https://www.lignano.org/sportello-del-cittadino/forum-educazione-lignano/ In caso di difficoltà di scaricamento potrà essere richiesto direttamente alla referente della formazione inviando una mail a firstname.lastname@example.org
GRAZIE DELL’ATTENZIONE!!!!!
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Баумакол Премиум фугираща смес
Baumacol PremiumFuge
Продукт
Състав
Приложение
Технически данни
Минерална прахообразна, нереагираща с хранителни продукти, водо- и мразоустойчива, оцветена, обогатена и хидравлично свързваща фугираща смес, клас CG 2 WA, съгл. EN 13888.
Цимент, пясък, добавки.
За запълване на фуги с широчина от 1 мм до 8 мм, за стени и подове, за фаянс, други строителни плочи, мозайки, за вътрешно и външно приложение.
(Установени при базови температурно-влажностни показатели +20ºC/60% относителна влажност на въздуха)
Цветова палитра:
24 цвята
Необходимо количество вода:
около 0,30 л/кг (= 30 %)
Време за отлежаване:
около 5 минути
Време за ползване на готовата смес:
около 2 часа
Разход:
около 0,5–0,9 кг/м 2 , в зависимост от големината на плочите и широчина- та на фугата
Широчина на фугата:
от 1 до 8 мм, без пукнатини
Изпитана съгласно изискванията на EN 13888.
Препоръчителни инструменти: Бавнооборотна електрическа бъркалка, подходящ смесителен съд, зидарска мистрия, фугиращ инструмент, гумена шпакла, гъба за фуги, кофа вода.
Детайлната класификация, съгл. Закона за химическите вещества, може да се получи от Листа за безопасност (съгл. Чл. 31 и Приложение № 1907/2006 на Европейския парламент и Съвета на Европа от 18.12.2006) на www.baumit.com или да се изиска самият Лист за безопасност от производителя.
На сухо, върху дървени скари, фолирани, срок на съхранение:
за опаковките от 2 кг и 5 кг – около 36 месеца;
за опаковката от 20 кг
– около 24 месеца.
Собствен контрол на качеството в заводскa лаборатория.
Опаковка: Кофа 2 кг, 1 палет = 168 кофи = 336 кг
Кофа 5 кг, 1 палет = 90 кофи = 450 кг
Торба 20 кг, 1 палет = 60 торби = 1200 кг
Суха, незамръзнала, здрава, почистена от прах, масла, мазнини и нефиксирани части. Продуктът е приложим при: керамични плочки, теракота, малоформатни плочи; условно приложим при: повишени термични и статични натоварвания като подово отопление, готови бетонни елементи, тераси, фасади, басейни. Предварително се отстраняват остатъци от лепилото по фугата.
Класификация според закона за химикалите
Съхранение
Гаранция за качество
Форма на доставка
Основа
Технология на приложение
Охрана на труда
Общи указания
Приготвяне на сместа: В чист съд, посредством бавнооборотна бъркалка, се разбърква хомогенна, без наличия на грудки смес (време за бъркане около З минути). След около 15 минути време за отлежаване сместа се разбърква за кратко още веднъж.
Съотношение: около 0,60 l вода (отговаря на около 0,30 l/kg) на 2 kg Баумакол Премиум фугираща смес, съответно 1,50 l вода при 5 kg кофа.
Полагане: Нанася се посредством гумена шпакла, диагонално спрямо разположението на фугата.
Плочките с вече положената фугираща смес следва да се пазят за около 24 часа от механично натоварване (да не се ходи върху плочките).
Керамичното покритие се почиства след около 5 – 15 минути с чиста вода и мека гъба. След изсъхване, още веднъж с чиста вода се почиства останалият върху плочките циментов филм.
Специфична информация относно състав, опасности, почистване, съответни мерки и указания за изхвърляне може да се вземе от ЛИСТА С ДАННИ ЗА БЕЗОПАСНОСТ.
Да се спазват нормите, указанията и техническите карти, касаещи основата и покритието. Да не се полага при температури под + 5°С, при директно слънчево греене, дъжд, силен вятър или на течение, респективно до набиране на якост да се предпазва по подходящ начин! Ниските температури и високата влажност забавят, а високите температури и ниската влажност ускоряват процеса на свързване и втвърдяване.
Да се ползва само чиста вода (вода от водопровода).
Да не се добавят други продукти. Фугата да не се мокри предварително. За избягване на петна по фугата, лепилото следва да е много добре изсъхнало!
Еднаквост в цвета на фугата се гарантира само в рамките на един партиден номер!
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IL PRESIDENTE DELLA GIUNTA REGIONALE
Ordinanza n. 16 del 10 maggio 2021
Viste le delibere del Consiglio dei ministri del 31 gennaio 2020, del 29 luglio 2020, del 7 ottobre 2020, del 13 gennaio 2021 e del 21 aprile 2021, con le quali è stato dichiarato e prorogato lo stato di emergenza sul territorio nazionale relativo al rischio sanitario connesso all'insorgenza di patologie derivanti da agenti virali trasmissibili;
Visto l'articolo 32 della legge 23 dicembre 1978, n. 833, recante "Istituzione del servizio sanitario nazionale";
Visto il decreto-legge 25 marzo 2020, n. 19, recante "Misure urgenti per fronteggiare l'emergenza epidemiologica da COVID-19", convertito, con modificazioni, dalla legge 22 maggio 2020, n. 35, recante "Misure urgenti per fronteggiare l'emergenza epidemiologica da COVID-19";
Visto il decreto-legge 16 maggio 2020, n. 33, convertito, con modificazioni, dalla legge 14 luglio 2020, n. 74, recante "Ulteriori misure urgenti per fronteggiare l'emergenza epidemiologica da COVID-19";
Visto il decreto-legge 30 luglio 2020, n. 83, convertito, con modificazioni, dalla legge 25 settembre 2020, n. 124, recante "Misure urgenti connesse con la scadenza della dichiarazione di emergenza epidemiologica da COVID-19 deliberata il 31 gennaio 2020";
Visto il decreto-legge 18 dicembre 2020, n. 172, convertito, con modificazioni, dalla legge 29 gennaio 2021, n. 6, recante "Ulteriori disposizioni urgenti per fronteggiare i rischi sanitari connessi alla diffusione del virus COVID-19";
Visto il decreto-legge 14 gennaio 2021, n. 2, convertito, con modificazioni, dalla legge 12 marzo 2021, n. 29, recante "Ulteriori disposizioni urgenti in materia di contenimento e prevenzione dell'emergenza epidemiologica da COVID-19 e di svolgimento delle elezioni per l'anno 2021";
Visto il decreto-legge 1 aprile 2021, n. 44, recante "Misure urgenti di contenimento dell'epidemia da COVID-19, in materia di vaccinazioni anti SARS-Cov-2, di giustizia e di concorsi pubblici";
Visto il decreto-legge 22 aprile 2021, n. 52, recante "Misure urgenti per la graduale ripresa delle attività economiche e sociali nel rispetto delle esigenze di contenimento della diffusione dell'epidemia da COVID-19";
1
Visto il decreto del Presidente del Consiglio dei ministri del 2 marzo 2021 recante "Ulteriori disposizioni attuative del decreto-legge 25 marzo 2020, n. 19, convertito, con modificazioni, dalla legge 22 maggio 2020, n. 35, recante «Misure urgenti per fronteggiare l'emergenza epidemiologica da COVID-19», del decreto-legge 16 maggio 2020, n. 33, convertito, con modificazioni, dalla legge 14 luglio 2020, n. 74, recante «Ulteriori misure urgenti per fronteggiare l'emergenza epidemiologica da COVID-19», e del decreto-legge 23 febbraio 2021 n. 15, recante «Ulteriori disposizioni urgenti in materia di spostamenti sul territorio nazionale per il contenimento dell'emergenza epidemiologica da COVID-19 »";
Vista l'ordinanza del Ministro della Salute del 23 aprile 2021 recante "Ulteriori misure urgenti in materia di contenimento e gestione dell'emergenza epidemiologica da COVID-19 nelle Regioni Abruzzo, Campania, Emilia-Romagna, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Lazio, Liguria, Lombardia, Marche, Molise, Piemonte, Toscana, Umbria, Veneto e nelle Province autonome di Trento e Bolzano." che ha disposto l'applicazione, delle misure di cui alla c.d. «zona gialla», nei termini e secondo le decorrenze di cui al decreto-legge 22 aprile 2021, n. 52;
```
Vista l'ordinanza del Presidente della Giunta regionale n. 3 del 16 febbraio 2021; Vista l'ordinanza del Presidente della Giunta regionale n. 4 del 20 febbraio 2021; Vista l'ordinanza del Presidente della Giunta regionale n. 5 del 22 febbraio 2021; Vista l'ordinanza del Presidente della Giunta regionale n. 6 del 26 febbraio 2021; Vista l'ordinanza del Presidente della Giunta regionale n. 7 del 2 marzo 2021; Vista l'ordinanza del Presidente della Giunta regionale n. 8 del 5 marzo 2021; Vista l'ordinanza del Presidente della Giunta regionale n. 10 dell'8 marzo 2021; Vista l'ordinanza del Presidente della Giunta regionale n. 11 del 27 marzo 2021; Vista l'ordinanza del Presidente della Giunta regionale n. 13 del 19 aprile 2021; Vista l'ordinanza del Presidente della Giunta regionale n. 15 del 26 aprile 2021;
```
Vista la relazione istruttoria a firma del Dirigente del Servizio Sanità ID: 22888899|10/05/2021|SAN agli atti della Segreteria generale, nella quale si evidenzia che "i principali indicatori epidemiologici di valutazione del rischio risultano i seguenti:
- Tasso di positivi su 100.000 abitanti in leggero incremento nell'ultima settimana analizzata, pari a 107,85 comunque inferiore al valore di 250 su 100.000 abitanti;
- Riduzione del tasso di occupazione regionale dei posti letto in area intensiva (28,1% alla data del 09 Maggio) che si conferma inferiore al limite previsto del 30% e area medica (27,2% alla data del 09 Maggio), che rientra nel Cut-off pari al 40%;
- Rt regionale equivalente a 0,94 (indicatore settimanale) analisi 26-02 Maggio;
- Prevalenza della variante inglese e non solo nei campioni a random regionali superiore al ceppo originario;
- In 2 Comuni (Acqualagna e Petriano) si evidenzia una incidenza ≥ a 250 per 100.000 ab. (dato corretto per numerosità ≥ 10 casi/settimana) e con il tasso di incidenza valore ≥ a 250 per 100.000 ab. Confermato da 2 settimane di valutazione";
Preso atto che la relazione sopra richiamata conclude che "Considerata la situazione epidemiologica complessiva e la specificità di alcuni dati epidemiologici di carattere locale (comuni di Petriano e Acqualagna) si ritiene opportuno segnalare come un intervento precoce sui comuni con un Tasso di incidenza ≥ 250 su 100.000 confermati (2 settimane di valutazione) in termini di limitazioni, superiori a quelle proprie della zona arancione, sia consigliabile per tenere sotto controllo la situazione pandemica. Tra le azioni consigliabili la limitazione agli spostamenti intra comunali, da e fuori comune e riduzione di tutte le attività che portano ad aumento del rischio di contagio, cui affiancare sempre il monitoraggio costante del rispetto delle regole di sicurezza: mascherine, distanziamento e le altre misure cautelari";
Visto il comma 4 dell'articolo 1 del decreto legge 22 aprile 2021, n. 52, il quale prevede che "Dal 1° maggio al 31 luglio 2021, i Presidenti delle regioni e delle province autonome di Trento e Bolzano possono disporre l'applicazione delle misure stabilite per la zona rossa, nonché ulteriori, motivate, misure più restrittive tra quelle previste dall'articolo 1, comma 2, del decreto-legge n. 19 del 2020, fatto salvo quanto previsto dall'articolo 3, comma 1: a) nelle province in cui l'incidenza cumulativa settimanale dei contagi è superiore a 250 casi ogni 100.000 abitanti; b) nelle aree in cui la circolazione di varianti di SARS-CoV-2 determina alto rischio di diffusività o induce malattia grave";
Considerata la persistenza in alcune aree del territorio regionale di una diffusa trasmissione del virus, come risulta dall'esame dei dati epidemiologici, che rende necessario, in forza del principio di precauzione e al fine di contenere la diffusione del
Il Presidente contagio, adottare le misure restrittive di prevenzione e controllo di cui agli articoli 36, 37 e 40 del decreto del Presidente del Consiglio dei ministri del 2 marzo 2021;
Sentiti i Prefetti della Regione Marche;
Sentiti i Sindaci dei Comuni interessati;
ORDINA
Art. 1
1. Allo scopo di contrastare e contenere il diffondersi del virus SARS-CoV-2, a decorrere dalle ore 00:00 del 12 maggio 2021 e fino alle ore 24:00 del 18 maggio 2021, ferme restando le misure statali di contenimento del rischio di diffusione del virus già vigenti sull'intero territorio regionale, ai comuni di cui all'allegato A, parte integrante e sostanziale del presente provvedimento, si applicano le misure di cui agli articoli 36 e 37 (misure zona arancione integrale) e 40 (limitazione spostamenti zona rossa) del decreto del Presidente del Consiglio dei ministri del 2 marzo 2021, pertanto è vietato ogni spostamento in entrata e in uscita dai territori dei suddetti comuni nonché ogni spostamento all'interno degli stessi, salvo se motivato da comprovate esigenze lavorative o situazioni di necessità ovvero per motivi di salute. È consentito il rientro presso il proprio domicilio, abitazione o residenza. Sono comunque consentiti gli spostamenti strettamente necessari ad assicurare lo svolgimento della didattica in presenza nei limiti in cui la stessa è consentita. Il transito sui territori dei suddetti comuni è consentito qualora necessario a raggiungere ulteriori territori non soggetti a restrizioni negli spostamenti o nei casi in cui gli spostamenti sono consentiti dalla normativa vigente.
2. Occorre sempre far uso dell'autocertificazione riguardo alle cause giustificative dello spostamento.
Art. 2
1. La violazione delle disposizioni della presente ordinanza comporta l'applicazione delle sanzioni previste dall'articolo 4 del d.l. 19/2020. All'irrogazione delle sanzioni si provvede ai sensi dell'articolo 3 della l.r. 33/1998, ove non già previsto dalla normativa statale.
Art. 3
1. La presente ordinanza può essere modificata o revocata in relazione all'andamento dell'indice di contagio (Rt) e della situazione epidemiologica complessiva in considerazione dei relativi indicatori come individuati dalla normativa nazionale.
2. La presente ordinanza è comunicata Presidente del Consiglio dei ministri, al Ministro della Salute, ai Prefetti, ai Presidenti delle Province e ai Sindaci dei Comuni della Regione Marche e alle categorie economiche e sociali delle Marche.
3. La presente ordinanza è pubblicata sul BURM e sul sito web della Regione.
Ancona, 10 maggio 2021
Il Presidente Francesco Acquaroli
Acqualagna
Petriano
Allegato A
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THE INFORMATION BELOW IS EXCLUSIVELY FOR THE USE OF PLBC MEMBERS
Tickets: will be on sale starting today for the club mixed triples dinner. They will be available at the brunch, then on Tues. Wed., and Fri. before and after the draws until
Wed. May 28th. Price is $10.00 per person, dinner at 6:30. Still need lots of help for the weekend, when you know if you are in the tourney and what draw you are on, please sign up on the sheet in the sun room. Help sheets will also be going up very soon for the Men's Classic June 13, 14, & 15. Thanks Dana Atchison, Social.
Friday Afternoon Draws: Reminder that the Friday afternoon draws are $.25 cents each except on the last Friday it is $1.00 . The money is then divvied up based on a random draw which is a different deciding factor each week. Jon Landsdowne, Friday drawmaster.
can come out and help or want more information please call me at 250 951 0098 or email me at email@example.com. I will send another reminder closer to the date. Hope to see you there, Ben Thomas
Stanford Place Volunteers: Calling all my loyal volunteers as well as any and all new people who would like to have an enjoyable hour and a half with the residents of Stanford Place. Tuesday, June 3 at 9:45 is our first meet of the season. Please join us when we bring these people to the green with walkers and wheel chairs to experience the game of Bowls. Those that have helped out before will remember what a great feeling it is to spend time with these people and see how much fun they have with our game. If you
Cowichan Lawn Bowling Club: Two Bowl Six Pack tournaments is a round robin series of six end games, seven on day one and six on day two. Ladies June 17 and 18 and Men August 19 and 20. There is a limit of 14 teams. Posters attached here as well as in the sun room. Betty Locke, firstname.lastname@example.org Cowichan Lawn Bowling Club
CPR Training: Time to learn a new skill? St. John Ambulance is planning to offer interested PLBC members training in CPR & Defibrillator use on Monday, July 7 from 9 AM to about 12:30 PM. A signup sheet is now posted in the sunroom in the member's section of the bulletin board, just inside the outer door. Your cost for this important
have sufficient members signed up to put the session on. Ron Davis training is $20. St. John Ambulance will take a minimum of 6 and a maximum of 18 members for the session. Previously trained members should consider the CPR training as well to refresh their skills and to learn the latest techniques. Further details will be provided once we
Buy and Sell: Two different sets of bowls. One is Drake's Pride Professional 2H and the other is Taylor Ace 3H. $225 each set. Dave Muir, 250-951-2321
LINKS:
www.parksvillelawnbowlingclub.com
Buy and Sell List
Recent Photos
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LA DEPURACIÓ DEL MAGISTERI. MESTRES DEL MUNICIPI DE LLUBÍ (1935 - 1940)
LA DEPURACIÓ
La depuració fou un tipus de repressió motivada per la Guerra Civil i va afectar a tots els funcionaris de l’Estat, inclòs el personal administratiu i subalterns, així com als funcionaris municipals i a tots els treballadors relacionats o inscrits amb institucions o organismes oficials (personal d’Ajuntaments, Ministeris, jutges, policies, ...)
La depuració es va dur a terme de forma similar per part del Govern de la República i també als territoris ocupats per les tropes sollevades.
A les Illes Balears, Mallorca i Eivissa sofrien la depuració franquista i Menorca, una doble depuració (en un primer moment republicana i franquista després).
PRIMERA MESURA
CESSAR TOTS ELS FUNCIONARIS
(CESEN TOTS ELS I LES MESTRES D’ESCOLA)
PER TORNAR A EXERCIR EL PRIMER
QUE HAVIEN DE FER ERA SIGNAR
L’ADHESIÓ INCONDICIONAL AL
“MOVIMIENTO NACIONAL”
MESTRES DEPURATS/DES → TOTS/TOTES
MESTRES SANCIONATS/DES → ALGUNS/ALGUNES
ELS DOS PROCESSOS DE DEPURACIÓ DE MALLORCA
PRIMER PROCÉS DEPURADOR
setembre de 1936 – març de 1937
Antecedents. Inici convuls curs 1936-1937
Alçament Militar
Els generals Bosch i Godet son afusellats
Desembarcament de les tropes de Bayo a Porto Cristo.
Vacances escolars. Alguns docents no eren a Mallorca.
Joan Capó i Valls de Padrines, Inspector en cap d’Educació
Li donen poders absoluts per reorganitzar el nou sistema i actuar en conseqüència a les necessitats del règim franquista.
(Comença el ball de places: 1 d’octubre de 1936)
Uns mestres seran promocionats i els altres castigats.
ORGANITZACIÓ PRIMER TRIBUNAL
President: Alfredo Llompart Inspector: Joan Capó
Era una autodepuració. Cada mestre rebia les fitxes i s’encarregava que s’emplenassin i després les remetia al tribunal.
SOBRE
Sr. Alcalde de Binissalem
Con el fin de cumplimentar lo que se dispone a la circular del Excmo. Sr. Gobernador Civil de esta Provincia, de fecha 1º del actual (B. O. del 3), ruego a V. informe al dorso de la presente, referente a la conducta profesional y particular del Maestro Nacional de Binissalem D. Juan Fort Marcasi devolviéndolo a esta Inspección, directa y reservadamente la presente tarjeta con toda la urgencia posible.
Palma 7 de Septiembre de 1936
El inspector Juz.
BATLE
PARTICULAR
D. Juan Fort Marcasi
Maestro Nacional de Binissalem (Sancellas)
Declaro bajo mi responsabilidad:
1° No haber pertenecido a la Asociación de Trabajadores de la Enseñanza
2° No haber figurado en los partidos políticos del Frente Popular.
y Promete libre y espontáneamente coadyuvar con todas sus fuerzas al movimiento de salvación de España.
Palma 7 de Septiembre de 1936
El Maestro
Juan Fort Marcasi
Los Maestros cuyas circunstancias no les permiten firmar la presente declaración pueden exponer al dorso lo que estimen conveniente.
CAPELLÀ
Información particular que acompaña
D. Juan Fort Marcasi
Maestro Nacional de Binissalem (Sancellas)
El infraseguido Cura-Librero de Binissalem, dice de que es un ciudadano nacional de este, y que Fort es persona, muy conservadora, sin ni pública ni privadamente, y por lo tanto, no puedo me consta de la hello ninguna política alguna, en este localidad, tampoco con toda escrupulosidad en labor educativa moral y antirebel.
GUÀRDIA CIVIL
Sr. Comandante del puesto de la Guardia Civil de Sancellas
Con el fin de cumplimentar lo que se dispone a la circular del Excmo. Sr. Gobernador Civil de esta Provincia, de fecha 1º del actual (B. O. del 3), ruego a V. informe al dorso de la presente, referente a la conducta profesional y particular del Maestro Nacional de Binissalem D. Juan Fort Marcasi devolviéndolo a esta Inspección, directa y reservadamente la presente tarjeta con toda la urgencia posible.
Palma 7 de Septiembre de 1936
El inspector Juz.
SeSOBRE DEL PRIMER PROCÉS DEPURADOR
Segons el Dr. Serra i Barceló de 577 mestres de Mallorca i Pitiuses, 147 foren declarats no aptes (25,47%)
Tret distintiu del Model Balear de Depuració
Es creà un tribunal semblant a Eivissa copiat del mallorquí
SEGON PROCÉS DEPURADOR
LA COMISSIÓ DEPURADORA PROVINCIAL
març de 1937 – desembre de 1943
BOE (11 de novembre de 1936) - “REVISIÓN DEL PERSONAL”
4 de març de 1937 es crea. Membres:
Bartomeu Bosch (President del Tribunal, capellà, catedràtic de Llatí i director de l’Institut Ramon Llull),
Luis Mª Mestras (Inspector en Cap, després d’un temps seria detingut i empresonat),
José Ramís de Ayreflor (Vocal, president de l’Associació Catòlica de Pares de Família),
Rafael de Ysasi Ransomé (Vocal, coronell d’artilleria retirat i persona de “reconeguda solvència moral i tècnica”),
Gabriel Morell Font (Vocal, “persona de reconeguda solvència moral”), duraria molt poc.
LA COMISSIÓ DEPURADORA PROVINCIAL II
La Comissió Depuradora demanava de cada persona (mestre/a) informes del comportament (privat i públic) a:
• Capellà
• Batle
• Comandant de la Guàrdia Civil
• Pare de família de reconeguda solvència moral (del poble o ciutat on estava l’escola)
En aquest procés no demanen la declaració particular del docent però tendrà dret a fer un plec de descàrrecs
Ruego a V. se sirva emitir, dentro de un plazo máximo de ocho días, informe sobre D. ..................................................................
Maestro de ................................................................. en el que harán constar de un modo directo y concreto:
1.º La conducta profesional del Maestro.
2.º La conducta religiosa del mismo.
3.º La conducta social y particular.
4.º Si formó parte de alguna Asociación secreta.
5.º Sus actuaciones políticas, si las ha tenido, señalando en tal caso el partido o partidos en que ha militado o su simpatía hacia ellos, especialmente desde la revolución del 6 de Octubre de 1934.
6.º Si orientó su enseñanza o su actuación profesional en el sentido disolvente que informan las agrupaciones del “Frente Popular,” y Asociaciones secretas.
7.º Si ha simpatizado con alguno de los partidos nacionalistas catalán, vasco, navarro, gallego, etc.
La Comisión está autorizada para reclamar de cuantas Autoridades, Centros y personas lo estime conveniente, los informes que crea necesarios sobre la conducta del personal cuyos antecedentes y actuación le corresponda investigar (Art. 2.º de la Orden de 10 de Noviembre de 1936.)
La tramitación de los expedientes será secreta, debiéndose guardar por parte de todos los que oficialmente intervengan en ella, la más absoluta reserva. Espera, por tanto, esta Comisión, de su reconocido celo y patriotismo, que los informes que se interesen habrán de responder a la más estricta imparcialidad, sin recurrir a censurables reservas mentales o sentimentalismos fuera de lugar y de tiempo, y que sabrá sobreponerse para obrar en justicia y sin apasionamientos, con la mirada puesta solo en el bien de la educación de la infancia, que es la esperanza mejor de la nueva España.
Dios guarde a V. S. muchos años.
Palma de Mallorca 1 de septiembre de 1937.
El Presidente,
Sr. D. Comandante del puesto de la Guardia Civil
Nota. A tenor de lo dispuesto en la Orden de 10 de Noviembre último, son informes obligados en los expedientes de depuración, los del Alcalde, Cura Parroco, Comandante del puesto de la Guardia Civil y de la Guardia Civil, Fomento, bien repartido del lugar en que resida la Escuela. Los informes diríjanse al Instituto Nacional “Ramón Llull” -- Palma.
S’envia tota la documentació a Burgos, seu del Tribunal a nivell Nacional
LA COMISSIÓ DEPURADORA PROVINCIAL IV
RESOLUCIONS DEL TRIBUNAL DEPURADOR
1.- Sense sanció
2.- Trasllat a un altre destí
a) A la mateixa província
b) A una altra província
3.- Jubilació anticipada
4.- Inhabilitació per a càrrecs directius i de confiança
5.- “Suspensio de Empleo y Sueldo” (un o diversos períodes)
6.- Separació definitiva del servei
MESTRES DEL MUNICIPI DE LLUBÍ 1935 - 1940
MESTRES DE LLUBÍ
(1935-1940)
GRADUADA DE NINS. SECCIÓ PRIMERA
Gabriel Salom Salom
Mestre de l’Escola Graduada de Llubí durant aquest període.
Bartolomé Ramis Rosselló
Nascut a Inca el dia 1 de desembre de 1902.
Mestre de Primer Ensenyament (15-02-1935) Foli 47, núm. 962.
Mestre Interí.
Substitut de Gabriel Salom del 15-12-1936 al 14-09-1937.
La secció havia quedat vacant a partir de l’1-10-1936, dia en el qual Gabriel Salom, per Ordre Governativa, fou destinat a una altra Escola.
MESTRES DE LLUBÍ
(1935-1940)
GRADUADA DE NINS. SECCIÓ SEGONA
Bartolomé Duran Real
Mestre de l’Escola Graduada de Llubí durant aquest període.
Jaime Ramis Mayol
Nascut a Palma el dia 11 de setembre de 1910.
Mestre de Primer Ensenyament (28-01-1936).
Mestre Interí.
Substitut de Bartolomé Duran del 15-12-1936 al 28-02-1937.
La secció havia quedat vacant a partir de l’1-10-1936, dia en el qual Bartolomé Duran, per Ordre Governativa, fou destinat a una altra Escola.
Francisco Lladó Daviu
Nascut a Valldemosa el dia 22 de juny de 1909.
Mestre de Primer Ensenyament per Decret del Governador Civil (26-10-1936).
Mestre Interí.
Substitut de Bartolomé Duran del 08-03-1937 al 08-05-1937.
La secció torna quedat vacant a partir del dia 09-05-1937 fins dia 15-09-1937 quan Bartolomé Duran reingressa i torna ocupar la seva plaça.
MESTRES DE LLUBÍ (1935-1940)
GRADUADA DE NINS. SECCIÓ TERCERA
Rafael Cifre Vila
Nascut a Palma el dia 3 de juliol de 1906.
Mestre de Primer Ensenyament (15-02-1935) Foli 47, núm. 962. A més a més tenia el títol de Batxiller.
El seu primer destí fou Esporles on exercí de 1931 a 1933.
Després de passar per les escoles de Ses Marjades (Sóller) i Estats Units (Palma), arribà a la Graduada de Llubí (per “concurset”) el dia 12-11-1934.
Per Ordre Gov. exerceix a Establiments (01-10-36) – (14-09-37)
El dia 15-09-1937 torna a Llubí on exerceix fins el 05-03-1941 que passa a l’Escola Graduada de Llevant de Palma.
Fou mobilitzat entre el 02-08-1938 i l’1-12-1940.
Depurat sense sanció.
Juan Sastre Soler
Nascut a Marratxí el dia 6 de gener de 1912.
Mestre de Primer Ensenyament (07-02-1933). Foli 43, núm. 836. A més a més tenia el títol de Batxiller.
Destacat Falangista.
Mestre Interí.
Substitut de Rafael Cifre del 15-12-1936 al 08-05-1937, quan aquest passà a l’escola d’Establiments per Ordre Governativa.
La secció quedà vacant durant dos períodes:
• De l’1-10-1936 al 14-12-1936.
• Del 09-05-1937 al 15-09-1937 quan Rafael Cifre reingressa i torna ocupar la seva plaça.
Magdalena Nadal Munar (cas singular)
Nascuda a Manacor el dia 10 de juny de 1914.
Mestra de Primer Ensenyament (01-06-1938). Substituta de Rafael Cifre quan fou mobilitzat.
Fou el seu primer destí del (27-10-1938) al (30-06-1939) que passa a l’escola de Valldemossa.
Juan Bibiloni Homar
Nascut a Alaró el dia 16 de febrer de 1911.
Mestre de Primer Ensenyament (15-06-1936). Segon substitut de Rafael Cifre quan aquest fou mobilitzat.
Després de ser interí a les escoles de Campos, Alaró i Sineu, arriba a la graduada de Llubí l’1-07-1939.
El dia 30-11-1940 deixa l’escola per l’arribada del mestre propietari Rafael Cifre.
MESTRES DE LLUBÍ (1935-1940)
ESCOLA UNITÀRIA DE NINES
Magdalena Rullan Solivellas
Nascuda a Escorca el dia 16 de juliol de 1876.
Mestra de Primer Ensenyament (26-09-1900), Foli 71.
El seu primers destins com a mestra interina foren les escoles de Porreres (1901-1903) i Campos (1907-1908).
El dia 4-08-1908 arriba a l’escola de Caimari mitjançant un “concurs oposició” on exercí fins dia 31-03-1916.
Arriba a l’unitària de nines de Llubí (01-04-1916) on romangué durant 30 anys com a mestra fins que es jubilà el dia 16 de juliol de 1946.
El 26-02-1930 fou nomenada mestra de l’escola núm. 3 de Manacor però va renunciar a la plaça i es quedà a Llubí.
Depurada sense sanció.
MESTRES DE LLUBÍ (1935-1940)
ESCOLA NACIONAL MIXTA DE LA SERRA
Rafael Oliver Ferriol
Nascut a Sineu el dia 5 de desembre de 1912.
Mestre de Primer Ensenyament (03-09-1930). Foli 28, núm. 365.
A més a més tenia el títol de Batxiller.
Després d’exercir com a interí a les escoles de Porreres, Sineu i Sant Miquel (Son Carrió) pren possessió per oposició d’aquesta escola el dia 12-11-1934.
De l’1-10-1936 al 14-09-1937, per Ordre Governativa és desplaçat a l’escola de Sineu.
El 15-09-1937 torna a l’escola fins el 4-06-1941 en que demana una excedència.
Bartolomé Reynés Sintes
Nascut a Dijon (França) el dia 15 de febrer de 1912.
Mestre de Primer Ensenyament (10-07-1933). Foli 4, núm. 67.
Ocupa la plaça com a interí per Ordre Governativa del 15-12-1936 al 14-10-1937 (arribada del propietari).
L’escola va estar 2 mesos i mig sense mestre assignat.
Gabriel Salom Salom
• Neix a Santa Maria 2 de setembre de 1901.
• En el decurs del servei militar, el febrer de 1924, fou ascendit a sergent.
• Mestre de primer ensenyament, amb títol expedit el 21 de març de 1928 (f 26, núm. 310).
• Existeix una certificació que indica que durant el curs 1926-27 acaba totes les assignatures de magisteri.
• L’octubre de 1927 té el seu primer destí com a mestre interí a Andratx.
• L’any 1928 aprova les oposicions, número 856 de l’escalafó, i és destinat a Corpiño, concello de Lalín a Pontevedra. Hi treballa fins a 1933.
• De 1933 a 1946 fa feina a Llubí, on és nomenat director l’any 1934.
• L’any 1946 passa a Inca on hi romandrà fins a 1963.
• És destinat a Palma al centre escolar Jaume I. El curs següent passar al CNM Levante, on es jubilarà el 4 d’abril de 1967 amb un total de 36 anys, quatre mesos i devuit dies de serveis a l’administració educativa.
• Tenia 66 anys (jubilació voluntària).
El procés de depuració es produeix durant la seva estada a Llubí. Es tracta d’un procés sense cap tipus de problemàtica per a l’interessat. Tots els informes són molt bons. De totes maneres, com era habitual en aquells difícils moments en que els mestres eren canviats de destí, es traslladat a Inca, 1-10-1936. Si bé, el 15-09-1937 torna a Llubí com a director de l’escola. (Aquestes variacions no figuren al seu full de Serveis).
El batle, Bernardo Perelló, informa.
"Que de los datos obrantes en esta Alcaldía y de los que he podido adquirir resulta que tanto en el desempeño de su cargo como en su vida particular, dicho señor, ha observado intachable conducta y desde el momento en que se declaró el movimiento nacional viene prestando sus servicios de una manera entusiasta a la Milicias Ciudadanas de esta villa"
10-09-1936.
El “Comandante de puesto” de la guàrdia civil reitera el tema de la bona conducta i el fet de ser milicià:
“...que desde la iniciación del moviment vien corroborando prestando (sic) serviciu como miliciano per la causa salvadora de España”.
Els informes favorables acaben amb el del metge titular, curiosament no tenim el del capellà, el qual assenyala que el coneix des de la infància, i que la seva conducta ha estat exemplar així com la de la seva família.
Reafirma el que sigui milicià i acaba dient:
“Desde el punto de vista profesisonal es muy apreciado por la buena enseñanza y educación moral que ha dado a los niños de su escuela”.
D. Gabriel Salom Salom
Maestr Nacional de Llubi
Declaro bajo mi responsabilidad:
1º No haber pertenecido a la Asociación de Trabajadores de la Enseñanza
2º No haber figurado en los partidos políticos del Frente Popular.
y
Promete libre y espontáneamente coadyuvar con todas sus fuerzas al movimiento de salvación de España.
Palma 9 de Septiembre de 1936.
El propio Gabriel Salom declarará: “No haber pertenecido a la Asociación de Trabajadores de la Enseñanza” i “No haber figurado en los partidos políticos del Frente Popular”.
Els documents existents estan en la mateixa línia del ja citats. El mateix batle, Bernardo Perelló, reitera la seva bona conducta professional, personal i religiosa. També assenyala que no orientà el seu ensenyament en el “sentido disolvente del FRENTE POPULAR Y ASOCIACIONES SECRETAS” i que no tingué “…la más mínima significación de simpatía con partido alguno de los NACIONALISTAS, catalán, vasco, navarro, gallego…etc”.
Atendiendo mi cargo de V.S. respecto a la conducta y actuación política del MAESTRO DON Gabriel Salom de esta localidad, sin apasionamiento y obrando en justicia, debo informar respecto del mismo como sigue:
CONDUCTA PROFESIONAL.- Buena.
ID. RELIGIOSA.- Buena.
ID. Social y particular.- Buena.
Se ignora que formara parte de alguna ASOCIACION SECRETAS.
ACTUACIONES POLITICAS: Ninguna
Jamás orientó su enseñanza o su actuación profesional en el sentido disolvente que informan las agrupaciones del FRENTE POPULAR Y ASOCIACIONES SECRETAS.
Tampoco en el la más mínima significación de simpatía con partido alguno de los NACIONALISTAS, catalán, vasco, navarro, gallego...etc.
Dios guarde a V.S. muchos años.
Llubi a 23 de octubre de 1937.- II T.
El Alcalde,
Bernardo Perello
Al Sr. Presidente de la Comisión Depuradora del personal del Magisterio en Baleares.
En contestación a su oficio del 14 del actual, únicamente manifiesto a V. que D. Gabriel Salom Salló, al frente de la Escuela Nacional de Vida, ha observado una conducta profesional, religiosa, social y particular, intachable. No me consta haya pertenecido a asociación secreta alguna ni que haya actuado en política. Me consta, sin embargo, su actuación profesional en sentido católico y patriótico si bien con la prudencia que exigían las circunstancias que atravesaba nuestra Patria.
Dios guíeles a T. M. D.
Llubí, 25 Octubre de 1937.
Lorenzo Martorell, Pso.J.
Sr. Presidente de la Comisión de Magisterio.
El “Comandante de Puesto”, que es trobava a Muro i era diferent al que signava l’informe de la primera depuració, ratifica tots els conceptes expressats pel batle i el capellà, en un llenguatge molt oficial i sense cap tipus d’especificació remarcable.
Gabriel Salom, amb tots aquests informes, no tingué cap problema per continuar la seva feina dins el magisteri ni sofri cap tipus de represàlia.
BARTOLOMÉ DURAN REAL
DURAN REAL, BARTOLOME
(1925 - 1970)
Bartolomé Durán Real neix a Sineu el 22 de maig de 1903.
Estudia Magisteri a la Escuela Normal de Alicante, on, a la edat de 20 anys acaba els estudis i obté el títol de Maestro de Primera Enseñanza datat a Madrid el 19 de juny de 1923, registrant-lo a la Escuela Normal de Maestros de Baleares el dia 30 d'agost i, posteriorment a la Sección administrativa de 1ª Enseñanza de Baleares el 6 de juliol de 1925.
El 27 d’abril de 1925 obté destí, com a mestre interí, a l’escola Nuestra Señora del Pilar de Formentera, incorporant-se el 1er de maig. Hi romandrà fins el 20 de setembre de 1927. Continua durant dos mesos i mig, també com interí, a la Graduada de Levante de Palma.
És el 12 de desembre del mateix any quan pren possessió de la Sección Graduada de Barcelona, passant més endavant a la població de Fonollosa de la mateixa província.
El 5 de febrer de 1931 obté, per oposició, la plaça a la localitat de Benés (Lleida) on hi estarà fins el 28 d’agost de 1933.
El 25 d’agost, per concurs de trasllats, és nomenat mestre de l’escola graduada de Llubí on hi romandrà fins el 30 de setembre de 1936.
Per Ordre Governativa és destinat a l’escola de Sineu, com a director, prenent possessió l’1 d’octubre del 36, prestant serveis fins el 14 de setembre de 1937.
El 15 de desembre, també per Ordre Governativa, es reintegra a Llubí, romanent-hi fins el 30 de setembre de 1946.
Des de l’1 d’octubre de 1946, per concurs de trasllats torna a Sineu on acaba la seva vida professional el 6 de març de 1970 per defunció estant en actiu.
Com heu vist, l’1 d’octubre del 36 és destinat a Sineu per Ordre Governativa. En aquesta data és produeix el fet conegut com “ball de places” que, com bé ha explicat en Toni, en aquell moment provocà una reorganització dels mestres i altres empleats de l’Estat. A alguns els varen premiar com és el nostre cas i a altres les castigaren, aquest fet és conegut com la Primera Depuració, de la qual no en tenim documentació en aquest cas en concret.
Pel que fa a la segona depuració, als informes que tenim al nostre fons, són favorables tots i cada un dels 7 punts que demanava el Presidente de la Comisión Depuradora del Personal del Magisterio.
En cumplimiento a su respetable escrito de fecha 19 del actual, relativo al maestro de Llubi de ésta demarcación Don Bartolomé Durán Real, tengo el honor de participar los extremos siguientes:
1.- La conducta profesional del Maestro. Buena.
2.- La conducta religiosa del mismo. Buena.
3.- La conducta social y particular. Buena.
4.- Si formó parte de alguna Asociación Secreta. No se tiene ningún antecedente.
5.- Sus actuaciones políticas, si las ha tenido. No se distinguió ni se vio se mezclara en tales asuntos.
6.- Si orientó su enseñanza ó su actuación profesional en el sentido disolvente que informan las agrupaciones del "Frente Popular" y Asociaciones secretas. No se observaron tales extremos.
7.- Si ha simpatizado con alguno de los partidos Nacionalistas, catalán, vasco, navarro, gallego u otros. Nunca se le vio se mezclar ni discutiere asuntos políticos ni de partidos.
Dios quede a V.S. muchos años.
Muro 21 de Octubre de 1937-2 T.
El Comandante de puesto
Jaime Luis Martí
Señor Presidente de la Comisión Depuradora del Personal del Magisterio.
Palma.
AYUNTAMIENTO DE LLUBÍ
Atendiendo al ruego de V.S. respecto a la conducta y actuación política del MAESTRO Don Bartolomé Díaz Real de esta localidad, sin apasionamiento y obrando en justicia, debo informar respecto del mismo como sigue:
CONDUCTA PROFESIONAL = Buena.
ID. RELIGIOSA = Buena.
ID. Social y particular = Buena.
Se ignora que formara parte de alguna ASOCIACIÓN SECRETA.
ACTUACIONES POLÍTICAS: Ninguna simpatizado con los partidos de derecha.
Jamás orientó su enseñanza o su actuación profesional en el sentido disolvente que informan las agrupaciones del FRENTE POPULAR Y ASOCIACIONES SECRETAS.
Tampoco en él -la más mínima significación de simpatía con partido alguno de los NACIONALISTAS, catalán, vasco, navarro, gallego... etc.
Dios guarde a V.S. muchos años.
Llubi, 23 de octubre de 1937.- II T.
El Alcalde,
Benjamín Perallo
Al Sr. Presidente de la Comisión Depuradora del personal del Magisterio en Baleares.
PARROQUIA DE SAN FELIO LLUBÍ (MALLORCA)
Su contestación a su oficio del 19 del actual me impulsa manifestar a V. que D. Bartolomé Durán, Rector de la Escuela Nacional de esta, ha observado una conducta profesional, religiosa, social y particular, intachable, y no me consta haya pertenecido a asociación secreta alguna ni que haya actuado en política. Me consta orientó su actuación profesional en sentido católico y patriótico si bien con la prudencia que exigían las circunstancias. No me consta haya simpatizado con partido alguno nacionalista.
Dios guarde a V. m. d. a.
Llubi, 25 de octubre de 1937.
Gonçaro Martorell, Párroco.
Sr. Presidente de la Comisión Dep. Magisterio.
CAPELLÀ DEL POBLE
Sección Administrativa de Primera Enseñanza de Baleares
Expediente personal del Maestro
D. Bartolomé Durán Real
Nació el _______ de 19_____
Ingresó en el Magisterio como propietario
el _______ de 19_____
Ha servido en los pueblos siguientes:
[Signature]
Per Ordre Ministerial de 29 de juliol de 1941 (B.O. 11.686 de 21 d’octubre de 1941) és confirmat al seu càrrec.
Es a dir, surt de tot el procés sense cap tipus d'imputació ni sanció.
Cal remarcar que durant diversos mesos des del 1953 fins el 1956, rep de la Falange Española Tradicionalista y de las J.O.N.S el premi Luis Maria Sobredo per su destacada actuación en la Escuela, en relació con el Frente de Juventudes. Cada un d’aquests premis tenia una recompensa de dues-centes pessetes.
A la diapositiva nº 3, hem vist que acabà la seva vida laboral el 6 de març del 70 per defunció.
Per tant, aquest mestre no va poder gaudir de la jubilació ja que morí estant en actiu.
Aquest és el document que ho certifica.
Decret 107/2001 de 3 d'agost de 2001
ÀREA: ARXIU
SECCIÓ ADMINISTRATIVA
Secret. Dir. Prov.
Guerra Civil
Personal
Nòmines
Fons Lleonard Muntaner
Fons Natzaret
Documentació General
AMEIB
C/ Mestre A. Torrandell, 59 Inca 971504279
Govern de les Illes Balears
Conselleria d'Educació, Cultura i Universitats
Direcció General d'Ordenació,
Innovació i Formació Professional
ARXIU i
MUSEU de
l'EDUCACIÓ de
les ILLES BALEARS
Aulí Ginard, Antoni - Cánovas Salvà, Joan - Soler Capó, Jaume
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AGENDA – CITY OF VICTORIA BOARD OF VARIANCE MEETING OF THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 22, 2020 AT 12:30 P.M. VIRTUAL TEAMS MEETING
1. Appeals
12:30 Board of Variance Appeal #00854 Walt Madro & Karen Madro, Applicants 1980 Fairfield Place
Present Zoning:
R1-G
Present Use:
Vacant
The proposal is to request an extension to the previously approved application #00731 that granted a variance to the rear yard setback of a new single-family dwelling.
Bylaw Requirements
Relaxations Requested
Part 1.6.5 (b)
Reduce the rear yard setback from 14.01m to 7.08m (to the covered patio and deck) and 8.21m (to the building)
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Syllabus
EDUA 7302: MANAGEMENT OF COUNSELING PROGRAMS School Counselors Sul Ross State University Spring 2023
Instructor: Ronda Hayes, MEd, CSC, LPC-Supervisor
E-Mail: email@example.com
Office Number: (432) 837-8170
Emergency Phone: (325) 650-0419
Office Location: MAB-309G
On Campus Office Hours: by appointment (email request)
Off Campus: by appointment via virtual communication
The instructor is available via email (for personal correspondence), Blackboard Discussion Board for class questions and clarifications), and, in case of an emergency, telephone.
Note: You must have successfully completed EDUA 5307 Graduate Research AND EDUA 5314, Personality and Counseling Theory, prior to enrolling in this course.
CATALOG COURSE DESCRIPTION:
A professional orientation course covering program development, organization, management and accountability; professional organizations; codes of ethics; legal aspects of practice; standards of preparation; position functions.
Required Texts:
http://sulross.textbookx.com/institutional/index.php?action=browse#books/3396620/
The Texas Model for Comprehensive School Counseling Programs (5 th ed.). You can download from the following site.
https://tea.texas.gov/sites/default/files/Pub_2018_Texas-Model_5th-Edition.pdf You will need to print it and place it in a notebook. It has 140 pages.
American Psychological Association (2020).Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (7 th ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Texas Educator Certification Testing 252-available at http://www.tx.nesinc.com/TestView.aspx?f=HTML_FRAG/TX252_TestPage.html and http://www.tx.nesinc.com/TestView.aspx?f=HTML_FRAG/TX252_PrepMaterials.html
TExES Competencies covered in this course:
Competency 001-(Human Development): The school counselor understands processes of human development and applies this knowledge to provide a developmental guidance program, including counseling services, that meet the needs of all students.
Competency 002-(Student Diversity): The school counselor understands human diversity and applies this knowledge to ensure that the developmental guidance and counseling program is responsive to all students.
Competency 003-(Factors Affecting Students): The school counselor understands factors that may affect students' development and school achievement and applies this knowledge to promote students' ability to achieve their potential.
Competency 004-(Program Management): The school counselor understands how to plan, implement, and evaluate a developmental guidance program, including counseling services that promote all students' success.
Competency 005-(Developmental Guidance Program): The school counselor knows how to provide a comprehensive developmental guidance program that promotes all students' personal growth and development.
Competency 006-(Counseling): The school counselor understands how to provide effective counseling services to individuals and small groups.
Competency 007-(Assessment): The school counselor understands principles of assessment and is able to use assessment results to identify students' strengths and needs, monitor progress, and engage in planning to promote school success.
Competency 008-(Collaboration with Families): The school counselor knows how to communicate effectively with families and establish collaborative relationships that enhance work with students.
Competency 009-(Collaboration with Others in School and Community): The school counselor understands how to work collaboratively with other professionals and with community members to promote positive change and to facilitate student learning.
Competency 010-(Professionalism): The school counselor understands and complies with ethical, legal, and professional standards relevant to the profession.
The Standards covered in this course:
School Counselor Standard I
Learner-Centered Knowledge: The professional school counselor must have a broad knowledge base.
School Counselor Standard II
Learner-Centered Skills: The professional school counselor applies the knowledge base to promote the educational, personal, social and career development of
the learner.
School Counselor Standard III
Learner-Centered Process: The professional school counselor participates in the development, monitoring and evaluation of a developmental school guidance and counseling program that promotes learners' knowledge, skills, motivation and personal growth.
School Counselor Standard IV
Learner-Centered Equity and Excellence for All Learners: The professional school counselor promotes academic success for all learners by acknowledging, respecting
School Counselor Standard V
Learner-Centered Communications: The professional school counselor, an advocate for all students and the school, demonstrates effective professional and interpersonal communication skills.
School Counselor Standard VI
Learner-Centered Professional Development: The professional school counselor pursues continuous professional development, demonstrating a commitment to learn, to improve the profession and to model professional ethics and personal integrity.
19 TAC §228.30 includes:
The skills that educators are required to possess
19 TAC §228.30(c) (4)
The responsibilities that educators are required to accept
19 TAC §228.30(c) (4)
The high expectations for students in this state
19 TAC §228.30(c) (4)
The importance of building strong classroom management skills
19 TAC §228.30(c) (5)
Appropriate relationships, boundaries, and communications between educators and students
19 TAC §228.30(c) (7)
Course Objectives:
The student will be able to:
1. Write a comprehensive, developmental, guidance and counseling program for a public school.
2. Demonstrate knowledge of the components of a developmental guidance and
counseling program.
3. Demonstrate an understanding of professional organizations and codes of ethical practice.
4. Apply appropriate standards of preparation in the implementation and management of a counseling program while reflecting the requirements of the position.
5. Demonstrate an understanding of designing, implementing, and evaluating developmentally appropriate guidance instruction for students at different grade levels.
6. Apply knowledge of procedures for developing a guidance curriculum (e.g., establishing learning goals and objectives, indicators of competence, expected results, and evaluative criteria).
7. Demonstrate how to help students develop age-appropriate knowledge and skills in the areas of self-confidence, motivation to achieve, decision-making and problem-solving, interpersonal effectiveness, communication, cross-cultural effectiveness, and responsible behavior.
Student Learning Outcome:
The student will be able to:
1. Demonstrate their ability to apply within guidance and counseling, their knowledge of human development, diversity, and factors that affect client's ability to achieve their potential
2. Demonstrate their ability to plan, implement, and evaluate a developmental counseling program, this program will incorporate assessment, as well as individual and group counseling services utilizing appropriate theoretical frameworks, techniques, and interventions to address personal, interpersonal/social, and educational needs.
3. Demonstrate the ability to communicate and collaborate effectively with others in diverse settings, including the community in order to facilitate client success, and will demonstrate the ability to apply ethical, legal, and professional standards.
Counselor Education Marketable Skills:
Graduates will be able to:
* Demonstrate oral and written communication skills to apply in careers related to mental and behavioral health including school counseling.
* Demonstrate knowledge of ethics, social justice issues, and multicultural concerns to apply in careers related to mental and behavioral health including school counseling.
* Demonstrate knowledge of human growth development throughout the lifespan to apply in careers related to mental and behavioral health including school counseling.
Course Requirements:
Comprehensive Counseling Program
: Students will work individually to develop a
school
guidance and counseling program for a particular school district. A guideline describing
the format for your program is posted on Blackboard.
Your program must follow the lecture instructions, the program format, and the scoring
rubric guidelines and include all specified sections to receive full credit. It will
demonstrate your understanding of American School Counselor Association/ACA Code of
Ethics. Due dates for each portion of the program are posted on Blackboard and included
in this syllabus.
A
ssignments submitted after the deadlines will
not
be accepted.
Participation: Since EDUA 7302 is an online course, participation will be evaluated in Blackboard online discussions. It is the student's responsibility to check the Discussion Board and Sul Ross email DAILY for the duration of the course.
In order for you to remain enrolled in EDUA 7302, you must reply to the Blackboard Discussion Board "Online Participation Policy" forum by the deadline posted on the Due Dates listing contained in this syllabus. It is policy at Sul Ross State University that if a student is enrolled in an online course and fails to stay active for a period of 3 weeks, fails to submit assignments, and/or does not reply to emails from the instructor, he/she will receive a final grade of "F."
You may access the "Online Participation Policy" forum by entering Blackboard, then selecting Discussion Board. Please follow the directions regarding your required response.
SAFE ASSIGN:
The Safe Assignment Tool is an advanced plagiarism prevention system deeply integrated with the Blackboard Learning Management System. SafeAssignment compares student papers submitted to Blackboard against an enormous wide range of sources and provides instructors with detailed Originality Reports. Because of SafeAssignment's flexibility, this product is an effective plagiarism prevention system that helps instructors to raise student awareness about plagiarism and to educate students about the ways to avoid plagiarism. You can check your similarity report and make corrections if needed. With your similarity report, you will note highlighted areas that have similarity noted between your paper and another source. You will click on the tab within the colored square to see the percentage of the similarity. Percentages above 20% must be corrected. It does not matter if the source that is being noted for similarity is not the same source that you used. The system is telling you what you have written is too similar to another source and you need to make corrections. You may need to change up some of the wording or order of information to make it your information. More than three or four words in a row that are identical to the originating author can be detected. You can submit your paper as many times as you would like. This system is designed to assist students with increasing awareness of plagiarism. Typically, plagiarism is an accidental occurrence and occurs when students do not realize their writing is overly similar to another source.
All written assignments must follow the writing style found in the 7 TH edition of the American Psychological Association Publication Manual (APA Manual). See American Psychological Association Publication Manual (required reading) http://www.apastyle.org/stylehelper/ If you chose to utilize excerpts of materials from existing programs in schools, agencies, or those you find through research, you must cite the source in the body of your paper and include a reference entry at the conclusion of your document.
Papers should have one-inch margins, 12-point type, and double line spacing. Number all pages; edit for English usage, grammar and style. Papers with multiple errors may not be accepted or will receive a reduction in grade. An emphasis in this particular course is writing in a manner to demonstrate your professionalism and scholarship.
Academic Integrity:
Students in this class are required to demonstrate scholarly behavior and academic honesty in the use of intellectual property. A scholar is expected to be timely, prepared, and focused. Meaningful, respectful, and pertinent online participation is also expected.
Examples of academic dishonesty include but are not limited to: submitting work as original that was used in whole or part for another course and/or professor; turning in another person's work as one's own; copying from professional works or internet sites without citation.
SRSU Disability Services:
The University is committed to equal access in compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA) and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973. The Disability Services Coordinator in Counseling and Student Support Services has the responsibility to ensure students with disabilities the opportunity for full participation in programs, services, and activities. Students seeking disability services need to contact the Disability Services Coordinator, Mary Scwartze Grisham, located in Ferguson Hall, room 112. The mailing address is P.O. Box C-171, Sul Ross State University, Alpine, TX 79832. Telephone: 432-837-8203; Fax: 432-837-8724.
Helpful Resources:
Texas Education Agency
Education Service Centers
American Counseling Association (with many specialized branches)
American School Counselors Association
Texas Counseling Association
Texas State Board of Examiners of Professional Counselors
Texas Administrative Code
Texas Education Code
American Psychological Association
ERIC, PsycINFO, other social science research databases
College Board
ACT
Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board
Texas Health and Human Services Agency
Texas Rehabilitation Commission
CPS/Texas Department of Family and Protective Services
Governor's Job Bank (state agencies listed on this link)
College for Texans
Communities in Schools
GRADING:
Note: Grades are earned based on the quality of the work completed. Assignments submitted after due dates will receive no credit. Grades of Incomplete (I) are not given in the Professional Studies Division of Sul Ross State University except in the most extreme situations. A grade of "A" will not be given in this course unless the student's writing reflects graduate level quality and the written career program is superior. A final grade of C or below will not be accepted and the student must retake the course.
FINAL GRADING: A=100-91% B=90-81% C=80-71% F=70-0%
55%- Individual Project (Comprehensive Counseling Program)
20%- Discussion Board
25%- Four Components
Note: Grades are earned based on the quality of the work completed.
LATE ASSIGNMENTS WILL NOT BE ACCEPTED.
Grades of Incomplete (I) are not given in the Professional Studies Division of Sul Ross State University except in the most extreme situations.
A grade of "A" will not be given in this course unless the student's writing reflects graduate level quality and the written program is superior.
Assignments will be adjusted as needed by the professor.
Due Dates for Assignments for EDUA 7302 School Counseling—Spring 2023
Read the assigned chapters and complete the assignments/quizzes PRIOR to the deadline. The deadline is midnight Central Standard Time (CST) on the due date. Assignments
submitted after the deadline will receive no credit. You may post your assignments early if you wish; just be sure to post your assignments no later than the deadlines! I recommend that you never wait until the due date in order to submit a quiz or an assignment as technology has a way of causing the most trouble when you need it the most.
If you do not understand an assignment, first make sure that you have read the instructions carefully, have looked at the examples when provided, and consulted with a classmate. If you still are uncertain, then post your question in Blackboard. It is every students' responsibility to read the questions posed there.
I do monitor students' access to Blackboard.
January 18 – Class begins
Introduce yourself and sign the online participation policy – Due January 21
Module One – Due January 28
* Post your Program Information Due in Blackboard Discussion. Include the name of the school and the grades taught there.
* Read the syllabus and download all documents.
* I. Table of Contents Due
Module Two – Due February 4
* Read Introduction from the Texas Model for Comprehensive School Counseling Program– Summary and Reflection Due
* II. Mission Statement Due
Module Three – Due February 11
* III. Personal Philosophy of Counseling Due Use safeassign to check for plagiarism, accepted percentage is 20%
* Read Sections I and II from the Texas Model– Summaries and Reflections Due
Module Four – Due February 18
* IV. Demographics Due Use safeassign to check for plagiarism, accepted percentage is 15%
* Section III and Section IV from the Texas Model– Summaries and Reflections Due
Module Five – Due February 25
* V. Needs Assessment Due Use safeassign to check for plagiarism, accepted percentage is
20%
* Section V from the Texas Model – Summaries and Reflections Due
Module 6 – Due March 4
* VI. The Guidance Activities of your Four Components Due Use safeassign to check for plagiarism, accepted percentage is 20%
Module 7 – Due March 11
* VI. The Responsive Services of your Four Components Due Use safeassign to check for plagiarism, accepted percentage is 20%
Module 8 – Due March 18
* VI. The Individual Planning of your Four Components Due Use safeassign to check for plagiarism, accepted percentage is 20%
Module 9 – Due March 25
* VI. The System Support of your Four Components Due Use safeassign to check for plagiarism, accepted percentage is 20%
Module 10 – Due April 1
* VII. Crisis Plan Due Use safeassign to check for plagiarism, accepted percentage is 20%
Module 11 – Due April 8
* Job Descriptions Due Use safeassign to check for plagiarism, accepted percentage is 20%
April 14 – Last Day to withdraw with a grade of 'W'. Drop by 4 pm
Module 12 – April 15
* VIII. Budget Due
* ASCA Code of Ethical Standards Assignment Due on the Discussion Board
Module 13 – April 21
* IX. Evaluations Due Use safeassign to check for plagiarism, accepted percentage is 20%
Module 14 – April 25
* X. Schedules Due
* Texas Education Code Assignment Due – due on the Discussion Board
Module 15 – Due April 30
* XI. Referrals/Resources List Due
* XII. Appendices Due (listing of items in your appendix)
Module 16 – Due May 7
* Title Page Due
* Final Table of Contents with page numbers Due
May 19 – Graduation.
ED 7302
Rubric to Rate Discussion Posts and Papers
Student Name: ____________________________________________ Date: ________________
Topic:____________________________________________________________________________
| Sub-skill | Beginning 1 | Basic 2 | Proficient 3 | Advanced 4 | Exceptional 5 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Integration of Knowledge | The paper did not incorporate knowledge from the literature or class in relevant and meaningful ways | The paper somewhat incorporated knowledge from the literature in relevant and meaningful ways | The paper incorporated knowledge from the literature in relevant and meaningful ways | The paper effectively incorporated knowledge from the literature in relevant and meaningful ways | The paper very effectively incorporated knowledge from the literature in relevant and meaningful ways |
| Organization and Presentation | The paper lacked topic sentences, transitions from one topic to another, relevant connections among topics, and a seamless flow | The paper occasionally included topic sentences, transitions from one topic to another, relevant connections among topics, and a seamless flow | The paper consistently included topic sentences, transitions from one topic to another, relevant connections among topics, and a seamless flow | The paper consistently and effectively employed topic sentences, transitions from one topic to another, relevant connections among topics, and a seamless flow | The paper uniformly and very effectively employed topic sentences, transitions from one topic to another, relevant connections among topics, and a seamless flow |
| Focus | The paper’s topic lacked | The paper’s topic had | The paper’s topic had | The paper’s topic had | The paper’s topic had very |
| | focus and a clear direction | occasional focus, direction, and purpose | focus and clarity of direction and purpose | effective focus and clarity of direction and purpose | effective focus and clarity of direction and purpose |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Level of Coverage | The paper lacked depth, elaboration, and relevant material | The paper occasionally included depth, elaboration, and relevant material | The paper included depth, elaboration, and relevant material | The paper effectively included depth, elaboration, and relevant material | The paper very effectively included depth, elaboration, and relevant material |
| Sub-skill | Beginning 1 | Basic 2 | Proficient 3 | Advanced 4 | Exceptional 5 |
| Grammar/ Spelling | The paper contained numerous errors of grammar and spelling | The paper contained some errors of grammar and spelling | The paper contained very few errors of grammar and spelling | The paper contained only one or two errors of grammar and spelling | The paper contained no errors of grammar and spelling |
| References and Sources | The paper did not include content from peer reviewed journal articles and/or scholarly books/book chapters and instead cited web site material of questionable veracity | The paper included content from a few peer reviewed journal articles and scholarly books/book chapters and instead included material from web sites of questionable credibility | The paper included content from peer reviewed journal articles and scholarly books/book chapters and only included material from credible web sites | The paper effectively included content from peer reviewed journal articles and scholarly books/book chapters and only included material from credible web sites | The paper very effectively included content from peer reviewed journal articles or scholarly books/book chapters and only included material from credible web sites |
| APA Style | The paper did not use APA style | The paper was partly based on APA style | The paper was mostly based on APA style | The paper was based on APA style with only a few exceptions | The paper was completely and accurately based on APA style |
| Total Score | | | | | |
Comments:_______________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________
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Academic Year/course: 2021/22
30014 - Basic principles of electrical technology
Syllabus Information
Academic Year: 2021/22
30014 - Fundamentos de electrotecnia
Subject:
110 - Escuela de Ingeniería y Arquitectura
Faculty / School:
Degree: 436 - Bachelor's Degree in Industrial Engineering Technology
6.0
ECTS:
2
Year:
First semester
Semester:
Compulsory
Subject Type:
Module:
1. General information
2. Learning goals
3. Assessment (1st and 2nd call)
4. Methodology, learning tasks, syllabus and resources
4.1. Methodological overview
The methodology of the course has been designed on the basis that the course is at the beginning of the syllabus set of electrical/electronic courses and hence it will be followed by a wide range of students. The number of credits assigned by the syllabus to the course imposes optimize the quantity and quality of knowledge that students should acquire with it.
Theoretical concepts and practical problems will be taught in the 3 hours a week's lectures. Several laboratory sessions will serve to link theory with practice and a way to learn the use of basics measurement instruments.
However, to encourage student's continuous work, as well as to gain feedback about the learning outcomes acquired by them, several assessment tasks and activities will be scheduled throughout the semester.
4.2. Learning tasks
There are several types of activities along the semester
Master classes with theoretical content as well as resolution of exercises
Seminars devoted to exercises resolution in a collaborative manner
Sets of exercises to be solved and corrected by the students on their own
Test exams
Five lab sessions with the following contents
Session 1: DC circuits (I)
Session 2: DC circuits (II)
Session 3: AC circuits (I)
Session 4: AC circuits (II)
Session 5: Three phase circuits
4.3. Syllabus
The course will address the following topics:
1.- Fundamental quantities and elements of the circuit
2.- Direct current circuits. Analysis methods
3.- Steady-state in AC circuits
4.- Introduction to three-phase systems
5.- Power in AC circuits
6.- Ideal magnetic coupling
4.4. Course planning and calendar
Masterclasses: 3 hours a week
Lab sessions: 5 sessions, 3 hours each
The time the student is expected to employ in the subject is as follows:
Masterclasses: 45 hours
Lab sessions and lab exams: 17 hours
Exams and test: 5 hours
Exercise resolution on their own: 40 hours
Personal study: 43 hours
4.5. Bibliography and recommended resources
Link: http://biblos.unizar.es/br/br_citas.php?codigo=30014&year=2019
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HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS SOCIALES
La organización de las enseñanzas incluye una amplia oferta de asignaturas optativas
Primer curso
MATERIAS COMUNES
MATERIAS DE MODALIDAD
CIENCIAS SOCIALES
HUMANIDADES
Elegir una de:
Elegir una de:
MATERIAS OPTATIVAS
Elegir una de: Elegir una de:
NOTA. Para activar una materia optativa se requieren al menos 10 personas matriculadas
HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS SOCIALES
Segundo curso MATERIAS COMUNES
MATERIAS DE MODALIDAD CIENCIAS SOCIALES HUMANIDADES
Elegir una entre dos:
Elegir una entre dos:
MATERIAS OPTATIVAS
Elegir una entre cuatro: Elegir una entre tres:
| FUND. ADMON. Y GESTIÓN 4h | INFORMÁTICA II + EXTRA 3h FRANCÉS II + EXTRA 3h PSICOLOGÍA + EXTRA 3h |
|---|---|
| INFORMÁTICA II + EXTRA 3h FRANCÉS II + EXTRA 3h PSICOLOGÍA + EXTRA 3h | |
MATERIAS EXTRA (a cursar una si en bloque anterior se ha elegido una materia de 3h semanales)
NOTA. Para activar una materia optativa se requieren al menos 10 personas matriculadas
CIENCIAS
La organización de las enseñanzas incluye una amplia oferta de asignaturas optativas
Primer curso MATERIAS COMUNES
MATERIAS DE MODALIDAD
MATERIAS OPTATIVAS
Elegir una de: Elegir una de:
NOTA. Para activar una materia optativa se requieren al menos 10 personas matriculadas
CIENCIAS
Segundo curso
MATERIAS COMUNES
MATERIAS DE MODALIDAD
Elegir una entre dos:
BIOSANITARIO
TECNOLÓGICO
MATERIAS OPTATIVAS
Elegir una entre cuatro: Elegir una entre cinco:
MATERIAS EXTRA (a cursar una si en el bloque anterior se ha elegido una materia de 3h semanales)
NOTA. Para activar una materia optativa se requieren al menos 10 personas matriculadas
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LIDHULT
IKEA
Design and Quality
IKEA of Sweden
Do not use hammers or other tools to assemble the furniture.
Do not use nails, screws, or other fasteners to assemble the furniture.
If you have any questions, please call IKEA customer service.
LIDHULT
1x 108490
2x 194377
4x 100099
4x 155852
2x 10837
2x 194077
4x 194208
4x 158457
4x 194377
1x 109142
6x 124130
2x
158457 124130
i
i
2x
158457
124130
158457
i
AA-2088573-2
4x
124130
4x
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LIDHULT
© Inter IKEA Systems B.V. 2018
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HALLITUKSEN KOKOUS
Aika
14.01.2023 klo 17.00
Paikka
Kiltahuone
Osanottajat
Juuso Liikkanen (Puheenjohtaja)
Leevi Jääskeläinen (Sihteeri/tiedottaja)
Joonas Rönkä
Matti Jokinen
Janette koenkytö
Ryan Coombes
Joel Kae
Ilari Lindholm (poistui kohdassa 7)
Juho Kaitero
Konsta Kuronen
Suvi-Tuuli Ryhänen
Henri Tulla
Meea Vilkman
Mira Sivonen (poistui kohdassa 7)
Vilppu Penttilä
Sonja Mäkelä
Aleksi Poikselkä (saapui kohdassa 5)
1. Kokouksen avaus
Puheenjohtaja Juuso Liikkanen avasi kokouksen 17.02.
2. Kokouksen laillisuus ja päätösvaltaisuus
Kokous todettiin lailliseksi ja päätösvaltaiseksi.
3. Esityslistan hyväksyminen
Hyväksytään esityslista.
4. Ilmoitusasiat
Vilpulla jatkot (Legit)
Haalaritilaus etenee Kyykkäkausi avattu Sonjan päätä särkee
Uusi hallitus vanha Vilppu
5. Hallituksen kuulumiset
Juusolla menee kivasti, viime viikolla oli työryhmäpalaveri. Valta alkaa nousta päähän
Juho tuli viime viikolla Lappeenrantaan, kyykkääminen meni huonosti. Oskari on viettänyt joulut, ei mitään ihmeellistä. Kyykkätiimiä on kannustettu.
______________________________________________________________________________________
OSOITE:
Ylioppilastalo Laserkatu 10 53850 Lappeenranta
EMAIL: hallitus[at]satky.fi
www.sätky.fi
Y-tunnus: 2727803-7
PANKKIYHTEYS: FI57 7997 7995 3505 97 / HOLVFIHH
2/2023
Joonas on unohtanut s-postin salasanan, söi kinkkua.
Leevi söi jouluna kinkkua ja ryyppäsi, osti lihapullia.
Mira käynyt palavereissa ja harrastaa vakoilua kyykkäkentällä. On laiska.
Antti käynyt Juuson kanssa palaverissa ja kouluttanut Oskarin.
Meea ei ole tehnyt mitään tuottavaa, pelannut himassa Breath of the wild.
Vilppu on edelleen hallituksessa, nollannut salasanoja ja saanut kesätyöpaikan. Kävi
Muumimaailmassa Tarun kanssa, mörköä ei löytynyt.
6. Kiltakummi
Suvi-Tuuli toimiii kiltakummina.
Teekkarilakkien toinen DL 31.1.
Tuutorihaku aukesi maanantaina.
Punamustan uusi versio lähdössä painoon.
LTKY olettaa punamustan olevan punainen ja musta.
7. Toimihenkilöiden valinnat vuodelle 2023
Liikuntavastaava
-Otto Noponen
-Joni Kaivola
Valittu Otto Noponen, Hallituksen suljetulla lippuäänestyksellä äänin 9-0
Kiltahuone Vastaava
-Matti Jokinen
-Riku Tulineva
Valitaan Matti Jokinen ja Riku Tulineva.
Somevastaava
-Janette Koenkytö
-Meea Vilkman
Valitaan Janette Koenkytö ja Meea Vilkman.
Häirintäyhdyshenkilö
-Milja Nylund
-Tommi Nuopponen
-Taru Salmi
Valitaan Milja Nylund, Tommi Nuopponen ja Taru Salmi.
TEK-vastaava
-Tobias Lönnström
Valitaan Tobias Lönnström.
Alumnivastaava
______________________________________________________________________________________
OSOITE:
Ylioppilastalo Laserkatu 10 53850 Lappeenranta
EMAIL: hallitus[at]satky.fi
www.sätky.fi
Y-tunnus: 2727803-7
PANKKIYHTEYS: FI57 7997 7995 3505 97 / HOLVFIHH
-Konsta Kuronen.
Valitaan Konsta Kuronen.
KV-vastaava
-Emilia Kaltz
Valitaan Emilia Kaltz.
KV-tiimi
-Ryan Coombes
-A M Meshkatur Rahman
Valitaan Ryan Coombes ja A M Meshkatur Rahman.
Yrityssuhdetiimi
-Ilari Lindholm
-Joonas Turtiainen
-Ossi Koljonen
-Joel Kae
-Tommi Nuopponen
Valitaan Ilari Lindholm, Joonas Turtiainen, Ossi Koljonen, Joel Kae ja Tommi Nuopponen.
VARA EI
-Ere Dahl
-Tommi Nuopponen
Valitaan Ere Dahl ja Tommi Nuopponen.
Discord moderaattori
-Vilppu Penttilä
-Ere Dahl
-Kuisma Saariaho
-Mikko Nikkanen
Valitaan Vilppu Penttilä, Ere Dahl, Kuisma Saariaho ja Mikko Nikkanen.
GDPR -vastaava
-Vilppu Penttilä
Valitaan Vilppu Penttilä.
Graafikko
-Meea Vilkman
Valitaan Meea Vilkman.
Kyykkä vastaava
-Vilppu Penttilä
______________________________________________________________________________________
OSOITE:
Ylioppilastalo Laserkatu 10 53850 Lappeenranta
EMAIL: hallitus[at]satky.fi
www.sätky.fi
Y-tunnus: 2727803-7
PANKKIYHTEYS: FI57 7997 7995 3505 97 / HOLVFIHH
-Otto Noponen
Valitaan Vilppu Penttilä ja Otto Noponen.
Järjestelmävastaava
-Vilppu Penttilä
Valitaan Vilppu Penttilä.
WWW-vastaava
-Meea Vilkman
-Henri Tulla
-Vilppu Penttilä
Valitaan Meea Vilkman, Henri Tulla ja Vilppu Penttilä.
@kahvikamerabot -vastaava
-Henri Tulla
Valitaan Henri Tulla.
Tulostin
-Henri Tulla
Valitaan Henri Tulla.
Killan merziidisaineri
-Vilppu Penttilä
Valitaan Vilppu Penttilä.
IOT_Maxwell_Telegram_bot-vastaava
-Oskari Salmi
Valitaan Oskari Salmi.
Leipuri
-Joel Kae
Valitaan Joel Kae.
Hyvinvointivastaava
-Mira Sivonen
Valitaan Mira Sivonen.
PC-masterrace-vastaava
-Kuisma Saariaho
Valitaan Kuisma Saariaho.
Hunppavastaava
-Sampo Metsäluoto
______________________________________________________________________________________
OSOITE:
Ylioppilastalo Laserkatu 10 53850 Lappeenranta
EMAIL: hallitus[at]satky.fi
www.sätky.fi
Y-tunnus: 2727803-7
PANKKIYHTEYS: FI57 7997 7995 3505 97 / HOLVFIHH
-Kuisma Saariaho
Valitaan Sampo Metsäluoto ja Kuisma Saariaho.
8. Näkökulmia järjestötoimintaan, KOE & LTKY
Pidetään keskiviikkona 25.1. 9-15:30.
9. Hallituksen vaihtosauna
TEK tarjoaa rantasaunan.
Toimihenkilöt ovat tervetulleita.
Ajankohta päätetään myöhemmin.
10. Hallitusapprot
Ajankohta päätetään myöhemmin äänestyksellä.
11. Ystävänpäiväsitsit
Ruuat, juomat ja läsyt ovat vaiheessa.
Kaalimatoa harkitaan sponsoriksi.
12. Vuosijuhlat ja save the dates
Lateksi:n vujuille Meea Vilkman ja Antti Kokko.
Aallon vujuille Oskari Salmi ja Aleksi Poikselkä. Kaplaakin vujuille Joonas Rönkä ja Vilppu Penttilä.
13. Killan keskustelukanavat
Keskustelu kanaviksi Slack ja Telegram hallituksen sisäiseen kommunikaatio.
Toimari ja kekkuli toimintaan omat Telegram ryhmät.
Jäsenistölle Sätky for life ja fukseille fuksichatit.
14. Yrityssuhdetiimin tavoite
Tavoitteena 13 000€.
Haalareiden tilausta saatava aikaisemmaksi.
- Pyritään tilaamaan marraskuussa 2023.
15. Nettisivujen päivittäminen
Se on WWW-Vastaavien murhe.
16. Hohtopong
Lähtökohtaisesti Gemmissä, mikäli Gemmi hoitaa rästissä olevat maksut.
Vappuna ja syksyllä uudestaan fukseille.
______________________________________________________________________________________
OSOITE:
Ylioppilastalo Laserkatu 10 53850 Lappeenranta
EMAIL: hallitus[at]satky.fi
www.sätky.fi
Y-tunnus: 2727803-7
PANKKIYHTEYS: FI57 7997 7995 3505 97 / HOLVFIHH
17. Muut esille tulevat asiat
Hallituksen jäsenet on nyt päivitetty verkkosivuille. Haalarit ovat tulossa helmikuun loppupuolella toimittajan mukaan. Kiltahuonevaastaavien on tehtävä jotain kiltiksen vanhalle romulle.
18. Seuraava kokous
Maanantaina 23.1. klo 18.00.
19. Kokouksen päättäminen
Puheenjohtaja Juuso Liikkanen päätti kokouksen klo 18.45.
Pöytäkirjan vakuudeksi:
______________________________________________________________________________________
EMAIL: hallitus[at]satky.fi
www.sätky.fi
Y-tunnus: 2727803-7
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HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/fin_Latn/train
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finepdfs
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fin_Latn
| 6,735
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MOTOR SPORTS & DRIVING
Transform Your Journey With the Enhanced Awareness and Control of COLORBOOST™
* Minimized Glare & Haze
* Boosted Recognition of Traffic Devices & Conditions
* Enhanced Awareness of Vehicular Traffic
* Optimized Visual Comfort & Reduced Visual Fatigue
BROWN
B1302
COLOR
BOOST
+32%
YELLOW Y6902
COLOR
BOOST
+15%
For ordering COLORBOOST™ lenses, visit huelens.com/how-to-order or use the QR code.
VLT 13%
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HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/eng_Latn/train
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finepdfs
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INSPIRE GK12 Lesson Plan
Student Learning Goal:
MS 8th Grade:
(Inquiry)1 (d) Analyze evidence that is used to form explanations and draw conclusions; (Life Science) 3 (a) Analyze how adaptations to a particular environment can increase an organism's survival and reproduction and relate organisms and their ecological niches to evolutionary change and extinction.
National Science Education Standards of Content 5-8:
(Inquiry - A) Think critically and logically to make the relationships between evidence and explanations; Develop descriptions, explanations, predictions, and models using evidence; Recognize and analyze alternative explanations and predictions; (Life Science C) Diversity and adaptations of organisms.
Materials Needed (supplies, hand-outs, resources):
PowerPoint file (INSPIRE_Cherry_02.15.11_PP); Computer; Projector; Index Cards; Permanent Marker; Notes for Class Activity (INSPIRE_Cherry_02_15_11_Notes)
Lesson Performance Task/Assessment:
This lesson is designed to show students the intricacies of symbiotic relationship found in several different biomes. After a short capture activity, students will take notes from a PowerPoint presentation (INSPIRE_Cherry_02.15.11_PP). These notes include definitions of symbiosis and the various types of symbiotic relationships. It is important to discuss each definition as a class in order to make sure the students understand each definition. To do this, the instructor asks a volunteer to put the given definition in his/her own words. Students will also be expected to note examples of each type of relationship. It is important for the instructor to discuss several different examples of the various
INSPIRE GK12 Lesson Plan
relationships, so that the students will be able to draw conclusions in the class activity which follows the lecture. In this activity, the instructor will begin by passing out index cards which have an organism written on them. The instructor will then show one organism on the board (using the given PowerPoint). Students will be expected to raise their hand if their organism could form some sort of symbiotic relationship with the organism on the board. The student must explain what kind of relationship is formed and why (i.e. which organism benefits, is harmed, etc.).
Lesson Relevance to Performance Task and Students:
This lesson will introduce students to various ecosystems and the relationships that form within them. Students will be able to draw their own conclusions based on previous examples. This will be done throughout the lesson, because the instructor will ask the students questions during the lecture, and the class activity at the end of the lesson will be done more or less without the assistance of the instructor.
Anticipatory Set/Capture Interest:
In order to capture the interest of the students, the instructor will begin the class with three short videos. The URL for each video is shown below in the section "Teacher Notes." Each video shows a different kind of symbiotic relationship (Commensalism, mutualism, and parasitism). These videos will not only capture the interest of the students, but they will also be used throughout the lecture, and students will be expected to explain the various relationships.
Guided Practice:
The first part of the PowerPoint presentation will be guided. The instructor will mention various examples of each type of symbiotic relationship and call on students to explain why they are considered that type of relationship. Three examples of each type of relationship will be discussed in detail to ensure that the students understand.
Independent Practice:
The class activity at the end of the class (this should take about 25 minutes) will be independent practice. Students will be given hints if it is needed, but for the most part, the students will be expected to draw their own conclusions and defend their reasoning. Not every students will have an opportunity to be directly involved (because they may not get a card that matches an organism on the board), so it is important to involve everyone in the explanation process.
Remediation and/or Enrichment:
Remediation- Individual IEP; the PowerPoint will be made available to resource teacher; Enrichment - Have students research various symbiotic relationships and explain them to the class the next day they meet. This will serve as a review as well.
INSPIRE GK12 Lesson Plan
Check(s) for Understanding:
The instructor should observe students during the first guided section of the lesson to check for understanding. The instructor may also observe the students' notes to check for completion before the class is dismissed.
Closure:
Question 1: What are the three types of symbiotic relationships?
Question 2: What kind of relationship forms between a dog and their owner?
Possible Alternate Subject Integrations:
Ecology, Life Science
Teacher Notes:
Videos for the Capture Activity:
Mutualism:
http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/player/kids/animals-pets-kids/bugs-kids/antacacia-kids.html.
Commensalism:
http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/player/animals/invertebrates-animals/otherinvertebrates/clownfish_amonganemones.html.
Parasitism:
http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/player/animals/invertebrates-animals/otherinvertebrates/clownfish_amonganemones.html.
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Földes Nagyközség Önkormányzatának 2023. évi felhalmozási kiadási előirányzatai címenként , feladatonként kiemelt rovatrend szerint
3. melléklet
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Aus Sicht der Kinder sind viele Eltern beim Thema Internet überfordert
Vortrag mit Medienexperten Ralf Willius, Erzieher und Sozialpädagoge sowie Gründungsmitglied von Smiley e.V. bei einem Informationsabend in Haselünne.
In Workshops näherten sich die Haselünner Schüler dem Thema Internet.
FOTO: KREISGYMNASIUM HASELÜNNE
PM HASELÜNNE. „Kinder und Jugendliche erleben ihre Eltern oft als überfordert, wenn es um die Nutzung des Internets und der vielen Online-Foren geht“, sagt Ralf Willius, Sozialpädagoge sowie Gründungsmitglied von Smiley e.V. bei einem Informationsabend in Haselünne. Andererseits benötigen Kinder oft weniger An sagen zum „Ob“ als mehr zum „Wie“ der Nutzung, um dabei flexibel, aber verantwortungsbewusst zu bleiben. Die Verein niedersächsischer Bildungsinitiativen und Smiley schulte Eltern und Lehrer des Kreisgymnasiums St. Ursula und der Bödiker Ober schule. „Ich darf nie chatten. Meine Eltern denken immer, dass ich mit Fremden chatten will, dabei mach ich das doch nur mit meinen Freunden“, so Max aus der sechsten Klasse in einem der Workshops zum Umgang mit den social medias. Auf die Frage des Referenten, woran er denn seine Freunde erkenne, ant wortete Max: „Na ja, wenn sie so heiter sind und ihr ein lässig aussehen, werden sie es doch sein.“ Lilly aus der Klasse 8 unter brach ihren Mitschüler be sorgt: „Das kann ja trotzdem jeder sein. Du musst in der Schule noch mal nachfragen ob das wirklich dein Freund ist, dann erst kannst du glauben sein.“ Dinge wie diese seien nicht selten im schuli schen Alltag, und sie sprechen eine deutliche Sprache. Beim Vortragsabend stimmte der 37-Jährige, selbst Vater von zwei Kindern, die Zuhörer nachdenklich. In einer Mischung aus Information über die Mediennutzung von Kindern sowie seinen Erfahrungen machte er deutlich, was für Kinder häufig zunächst wichtiger ist als Schule: Es sind Freunde, Gruppenzugehörigkeit, die Akzeptanz der eigene n Meinung, Erfolge von Abenteuern und nicht zuletzt die Bestätigung für ein eigenes Selbstwertgefühl.
„Das dürfen wir“, so Willius nachdrücklich, „im Kon text der sozialen Kontakte unserer Kinder nicht vergessen, dass Rahmen ihrer medialen Wege auch für positive echte Beziehung, gerade mit den Eltern, unbedingt erfahrbar bleiben. Dafür brauchen sie Zeit und Zuwendung.“ Erst wenn Eltern Neue Medi en nicht per se verteufeln, sondern eigene Kenntnisse dazu haben und zugleich erreichbare Bezugspersonen bleiben, so der pädagogische Referent, sei es auch mit Nachdruck möglich, ein begründetes und nachvollziehbares „Nein“ z. B. zu Spielen im Internet zu vertreten. Teil des Projekts mit den Schülern war ein großer Austausch über das eigene Medi enverhalten. Besonders die Nutzung von Whatsapp oder Youtube-Kanälen zum Einstellen eigener Filme war ein zentrales Thema. Schüler äußerten sich dazu, dass man eigentlich mit Vertrauen nicht vorgehen solle, aber man diese nicht zurücknehmen kann, wenn sie falsch verstanden werden, da eine Reaktion „Auge in Auge“ nicht da ist. Auch Ironie sei über schriftliche Kurznachrichten kaum zu erkennen – da nütze das Schicken eines grinsenden Smileys für „Hab ich doch nicht so gemeint“ auch nichts mehr.
Die Schulleiter beider Schulen waren sich mit den Hauptreferenten einig: „In zehn Jahren werden wir in den Schulen dieses Ausmaß an Ängsten vornehmlich nicht mehr benötigen, da dann die Eltern bereits selbst mit diesen medialen Wegen aufgewachsen sind.“ Vielleicht gebe es dann statt dessen das Fach „Medienkompetenz“. Was aber auch zukünftig einen bleibenden Bedarf dar stellen werde sei die Bezie hungspflege. „Jede gesunde Persönlichkeit basiert auf stabilen Beziehungen. Diese gilt es zu pflegen und zwischen Schulen und Elternhaus im Schulterchluss miteinander zu gestalten“, so Heidi Hilken, stellvertretende Schulleiterin des KGH.
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HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/deu_Latn/train
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finepdfs
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deu_Latn
| 3,810
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Leaders in Reception Seating
Lesro Industries, Inc. 1 Griffin Road South Bloomfield, CT 06002
Phone 860.243.3226
Fax 860.243.5392
www.lesro.com
Parts List
Assembly Instructions For Gansett Guest and Oversize Chairs
Tools required: Allen wrenches (included in hardware pack)
Note: These instructions are intended for various models and configurations. Your products may not look exactly as those shown in the diagrams.
Recommendation: Retighten all bolts on a seasonal basis to ensure your product remains strong and stable for many years of use.
Weight Capacity: All guest chairs in this series have a weight capacity of 275 lbs. per seat unless otherwise stated.
Hardware Pack
Leg Frame, Left Leg Frame, Right H-Frame Seat Support Back Cushion Seat Cushion
½" Allen Bolts , 4 pcs. 2" Allen Bolts, 6 pcs. ⅜ Allen Bolts, 2 pcs. Small Allen Wrench Large Allen Wrench
1. Unpack and identify all parts.
2. Place one of the leg frames on a table or the floor, as shown in figure 1. Be sure the surface is soft and clean to prevent scratching. Connect the H-frame seat support to the leg frame using 1/2" Allen bolts. Keep bolts slightly loose.
3. Connect back cushion to leg frame by inserting back support bar into slot in leg frame, as shown in figure 2. Secure using 3/8" Allen bolt. Keep bolt slightly loose.
i
4. Secure back cushion to H-frame using 2" Allen bolts, as shown in f gure 3. Keep bolts slightly loose.
5. Place second leg frame on top of assembly, as shown in figure 4. Be sure back support bar is inserted into slot in leg frame. Secure using 3/8" and 1/2" Allen bolts.
6. Return chair to an upright position.
7. Gansett chairs have dual-position seats. They can be assembled with or without a cleanout, as shown in the Seat Options box.
8. Attach seat to H-frame using 2" Allen bolts, as shown in figures 5 and 6. Use front set of H-frame holes for a seat with cleanout and use the back set of holes for a seat without cleanout.
9. Tighten all 12 bolts securely.
10. Your chair is now assembled and ready to use.
Thank you for purchasing a Lesro product.
Need assistance with assembly? Call Lesro customer service 1-800-275-7545.
© 2018 Lesro Industries, Inc.
June 2018
Visit us on-line at www.lesro.com
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finepdfs
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Prometna oprema i zaštita na autocestama
Pribanić, Ivana
Undergraduate thesis / Završni rad
2018
Degree Grantor / Ustanova koja je dodijelila akademski / stručni stupanj: University of Zagreb, Faculty of Transport and Traffic Sciences / Sveučilište u Zagrebu, Fakultet prometnih znanosti
Permanent link / Trajna poveznica: https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:119:478200
Rights / Prava: In copyright / Zaštićeno autorskim pravom.
Download date / Datum preuzimanja: 2025-04-03
Repository / Repozitorij:
Faculty of Transport and Traffic Sciences - Institutional Repository
SVEUČILIŠTE U ZAGREBU
FAKULTET PROMETNIH ZNANOSTI
Ivana Pribanić
PROMETNA OPREMA I ZAŠTITA NA AUTOCESTAMA
ZAVRŠNI RAD
Zagreb, 2018.
ZAVRŠNI ZADATAK br. 4703
Pristupnik: Ivana Pribanić (0135243470)
Studij: Promet
Smjer: Cestovni promet
Zadatak: Prometna oprema i zaštita na autocestama
Opis zadatka:
Potrebno je navesti što sve spada u prometnu opremu i zaštitu autoceste, te dati pregled mjerodavne regulative. Na odabranoj dionici autoceste A6 treba prikazati način postavljanja prometne opreme i elemenata zaštite, te analizirati postojeće stanje. Također je potrebno obrazložiti kako je riješeno upravljanje prometom na razmatranoj dionici. Zaključno se očekuje kritički osvrt na istraženu problematiku.
Mentor:
izv. prof. dr. sc. Dubravka Hozjan
Predsjednik povjerenstva za završni ispit:
ZAVRŠNI RAD
PROMETNA OPREMA I ZAŠTITA NA AUTOCESTAMA
TRAFFIC EQUIPMENT AND PROTECTION ON MOTORWAYS
Mentor: izv. prof. dr. sc. Dubravka Hozjan
Student: Ivana Pribanić
JMBAG: 0135243470
Zagreb, rujan 2018.
SAŽETAK
Prometnu opremu i zaštitu autoceste čine uređaji i naprave pomoću kojih sudionici u prometu primaju obavijesti o stanju na autocesti te pružaju zaštitu tijekom prometnih nesreća i od nastanka prometnih nesreća. Jasnim, jednoznačnim, vidljivim i čitljivim postavljanjem prometnih znakova i opreme na autocesti smanjuje se nastanak prometnih nesreća i omogućuje sigurna i udobna vožnja. Cilj ovog završnog rada je analizirati prometnu opremu i zaštitu na autocesti A6 na dionici Delnice – Ravna Gora, način upravljanja autocestom A6, te dati pregled mjerodavne regulative.
KLJUČNE RIJEČI: prometna oprema autoceste, zaštita na autocesti, autocesta A6
SUMMARY
Traffic equipment and protection on motorways includes devices and supplies which inform traffic participants about the condition of motorways, help prevent traffic accidents and provide protection during traffic accidents. Distinct, unambiguous, visible and legible location of traffic signs and traffic equipment on motorways reduces the risk of traffic accidents and provides safe and comfortable driving. The main goal of this final paper is to analyze the traffic equipment and protection on Motorway A6, road section Delnice – Ravna Gora, to analyse Motorway A6 management mode and to give a review authoritative regulations.
KEY WORDS: motorway traffic equipment, protection on motorways, Motorway A6
# SADRŽAJ
1. UVOD .......................................................................................................................... 1
2. PREGLED MJERODAVNE REGULATIVE ................................................................. 3
2.1. Pravilnik o prometnim znakovima, signalizaciji i opremi na cestama ...................... 3
2.2. Zakon o cestama ........................................................................................................... 3
2.3. Zakon o sigurnosti prometa na cestama ..................................................................... 4
2.4. Pravilnik o održavanju cesta ....................................................................................... 5
2.5. Pravilnik o minimalnim sigurnosnim zahtjevima za tunele ....................................... 5
3. PROMETNA OPREMA AUTOCESTE ............................................................................ 6
3.1. Prometni znakovi, oznake na kolniku i prometna oprema na autocesti ..................... 7
3.1.1. Prometni znakovi .................................................................................................... 7
3.1.2. Oznake na kolniku .................................................................................................. 9
3.1.3. Oprema za označavanje ruba kolnika ................................................................... 9
3.1.4. Oprema za označavanje vrha prometnog otoka .................................................... 11
3.1.5. Znakovi i oznake za označavanje radova, zapreka i oštećenja kolnika ............... 11
3.1.6. Svjetlosni znakovi za označavanje radova, drugih zapreka i oštećenja kolnika .... 14
3.1.7. Oprema za vodenje i usmjerivanje prometa u zoni radova na cesti, drugih zapreka i oštećenja kolnika ........................................................................................................ 15
3.2. Dodatna oprema .......................................................................................................... 17
3.3. Znakovi obavijesti za vodenje prometa i turistička signalizacija ............................... 17
3.4. Oprema tunela ............................................................................................................ 18
4. ZAŠTITA AUTOCESTE .................................................................................................. 21
4.1. Zaštitne ograde, ograde protiv zasljepljivanja, ublaživači udara .................................. 21
4.2. Snjegobrani, vjetrobrani i bukobrani ........................................................................... 24
4.3. Postavljanje prometne opreme i zaštite ..................................................................... 25
4.4. Elementi poprečnog presjeka autoceste .................................................................... 26
5. PREGLEDNI PRIKAZ OPREME I ZAŠTITE NA DIONICI AUTOCESTE A6 .................. 28
5.1. Oprema na dionici autoceste Delnice–Ravna Gora .................................................. 32
5.2. Zaštita na dionici autoceste Delnice – Ravna Gora .................................................. 41
6. UPRAVLJANJE PROMETOM NA AUTOCESTI A6 ....................................................... 45
7. ZAKLJUČAK .................................................................................................................. 48
LITERATURA ...................................................................................................................... 49
POPIS SLIKA ..................................................................................................................... 50
POPIS TABLICA .................................................................................................................. 52
POPIS GRAFIKONA ........................................................................................................... 52
1. UVOD
Današnja užurbanost zahtjeva brzo i sigurno kretanje svih sudionika u prometu. Zbog sve veće potražnje cestovnog prometa, odnosno sve većeg broja vozila na autocestama potrebno je osigurati udobnost kretanja vozila kako kod normalnih uvjeta tako i noću i pri smanjenoj vidljivosti koja može biti posljedica kiše, magle i ostalih meteoroloških nepogoda.
Prometna oprema i zaštita predstavljaju važne elemente autoceste. Pravilnim postavljanjem može se postići da se sudionici osjećaju sigurno i pravovremeno obaviješteni o uvjetima odvijanja prometa u predstojećem putovanju. Upravo pri velikim brzinama i velikoj gustoći prometa na autocestama, dobra prometna oprema i zaštita značajno utječu na sigurnost prometa kako u smislu manjeg broja prometnih nesreća tako i blažih posljedica nesreća.
Tema završnog rada je „Prometna oprema i zaštita na autocestama“. Na dionici autoceste A6 Delnice-Ravna Gora analizirana je prometna oprema i zaštita. Potrebni podaci za analizu navedene dionice prikupljeni su u Tehničkoj jedinici za održavanje autoceste (TJO) Delnice.
Završni rad sastoji se od sedam poglavlja:
1. Uvod
2. Pregled mjerodavne regulative
3. Prometna oprema autoceste
4. Zaštita autoceste
5. Pregledni prikaz prometne opreme i zaštite na dionici autoceste A6
6. Upravljanje prometom na autocesti A6
7. Zaključak
U prvom poglavlju, Uvodu, daje se pregled poglavlja koji će u daljnjem biti detaljnije opisani i upotpunjeni slikovnim prikazima te tabličnim prikazima. Također se opisuje koja je svrha prometne opreme i zaštite i gdje su prikupljeni potrebni podaci.
U drugom poglavlju, Pregled mjerodavne regulative, prikazani su zakoni i pravilnici prema kojima se odvija cestovni promet, te su definirani termini javne ceste i autoceste i navedena je podjela javnih cesta prema njihovom društvenom, prometnom i gospodarskom značenju.
U trećem poglavlju, Prometna oprema autoceste, navedeno je što sve pripada prometnoj opremi autoceste, kako se dijeli prometna oprema autoceste, te je potkrijepljeno slikama.
U četvrtom poglavlju, Zaštita autoceste, dan je prikaz i podjela zaštite autoceste, te način postavljanja zaštite na autocestama.
U petom poglavlju, Pregledni prikaz prometne opreme i zaštite na dionici autoceste A6, prikazana je i objašnjena prometna oprema i zaštita postavljena na odabranoj dionici Delnice-Ravna Gora.
U šestom poglavlju, Upravljanje prometom na autocesti A6, objašnjeno je tko upravlja navedenim dijelom autoceste, kako se vrši naplata cestarine i kako se dijele sustavi za upravljanje prometom.
U sedmom poglavlju, Zaključku, na temelju provedene analize prometne opreme i zaštite autoceste na dionici Delnice-Ravna Gora daje se kritički osvrt na trenutno stanje.
2. PREGLED MJERODAVNE REGULATIVE
Tijekom pisanja ovog završnog rada korištena je sljedeća mjerodavna regulativa:
- Pravilnik o prometnim znakovima, signalizaciji i opremi na cestama, NN 33/05, 64/05-ispravak, 155/05, 14/11
- Zakon o cestama, NN 84/11
- Zakon o sigurnosti prometa na cestama, NN 108/17
- Pravilnik o održavanju cesta, NN 90/14
- Pravilnik o minimalnim sigurnosnim zahtjevima za tunele, NN 96/13
2.1. Pravilnik o prometnim znakovima, signalizaciji i opremi na cestama
Pravilnik o prometnim znakovima, signalizaciji i opremi na cestama (NN 33/05, 64/05-ispravak, 155/05, 14/11) na temelju članka 31. stavka 2., Zakona o sigurnosti prometa na cestama (>>Narodne novine<<, br. 105/04) donio je ministar mora, turizma, prometa i razvitka u suglasnosti s ministrom unutarnjih poslova. Pravilnikom o prometnim znakovima propisuju se vrsta, značenje, oblik, boja, dimenzije i postavljanje prometnih znakova, signalizacije i opreme na cestama.[1]
2.2. Zakon o cestama
Zakonom o cestama (NN 84/11) uređuje se pravni status javnih cesta i nerazvrstanih cesta, način korištenja javnih cesta i nerazvrstanih cesta, razvrstavanje javnih cesta, planiranje građenja i održavanja javnih cesta, upravljanje javnim cestama, mjere za zaštitu javnih i nerazvrstanih cesta i prometa na njima, koncesije, financiranje i nadzor javnih cesta.
Prema Zakonu o cestama definirani su izrazi koji se često koriste i vrlo su važni u prometu, a među kojima su značenje javne ceste, autoceste:
>>javne ceste<< su ceste razvrstane kao javne ceste sukladno ovom Zakonu, koje svatko može slobodno koristiti na način i pod uvjetima određenim ovim Zakonom i drugim propisima
>>autoceste<< su javne ceste s tehničkim karakteristikama autoceste određenim propisima kojima se uređuje sigurnost prometa na cestama, koje imaju funkciju povezivanja Republike Hrvatske u europski prometni sustav, ostvarivanja kontinuiteta E-ceste (međunarodnim i međudržavnim sporazumima određena kao europska cesta), prometnog povezivanja regija Republike Hrvatske, omogućavanja tranzitnog prometa, a koje su razvrstane kao autoceste sukladno ovom zakonu.
Javne ceste se, ovisno o njihovom društvenom, prometnom i gospodarskom značenju razvrstavaju u jednu od sljedeće četiri skupine:
1) autoceste
2) državne ceste
3) županijske ceste
4) lokalne ceste
Autoceste i državne ceste čine jedinstvenu prometnu cjelinu i tehničko-tehniološko jedinstvo cestovne mreže. [2]
2.3. Zakon o sigurnosti prometa na cestama
Zakonom o sigurnosti prometa na cestama (NN 108/17) utvrđuju se temeljna načela međusobnih odnosa, ponašanje sudionika i drugih subjekata u prometu na cesti, osnovni uvjeti kojima moraju udovoljavati ceste glede sigurnosti prometa, pravila prometa na cestama, sustav prometnih znakova i znakova koje daju ovlaštene osobe, dužnosti u slučaju prometne nesreće, osposobljavanje kandidata za vozače, polaganje vozačkog ispita i uvjeti za stjecanje prava na upravljanje vozilima, vuča vozila, uređaji i oprema koje moraju imati vozila, dimenzije, ukupna masa i osovinsko opterećenje vozila te uvjeti kojima moraju udovoljavati vozila u prometu na cestama.
Prema zakonu o sigurnosti prometa definicija ceste, javne ceste i autoceste je sljedeća:
>>cesta<< je svaka javna cesta, ulice u naselju i nerazvrstane ceste na kojima se obavlja promet
>>javna cesta<< je površina od općeg značenja za promet kojom se svatko može slobodno koristiti uz uvjete određene Zakonom i koju je nadležno tijelo proglasilo javnom cestom
>>autocesta<< je javna cesta posebno izgrađena i namijenjena isključivo za promet motornih vozila, koja ima dvije fizički odvojene kolničke trake (zeleni pojas, zaštitnu ogradu i sl.) za promet iz suprotnih smjerova po najmanje dvije prometne trake širine najmanje 3,5 m, a s obzirom na konfiguraciju terena- i po jednu traku za zaustavljanje vozila u nuždi širine najmanje 2,5 m, bez raskrižja s poprečnim cestama i željezničkim ili tramvajskim prugama u istoj razini, u čiji se promet može uključiti, odnosno isključiti samo određenim i posebno izgrađenim priključnim prometnim trakama za ubrzanje ili usporavanje, odnosno priključnim rampama, kojom je omogućen siguran prometni tok vozila brzinom od najmanje 80 km/h i koja je kao autocesta označena propisanim prometnim znakom
Zakonom o sigurnosti prometa (NN108/17) propisuje se i vrijeme za koje je potrebno ukloniti sve prometne znakove koji nisu postavljeni prema važećim propisanim zakonima i pravilnicima. U slučaju da značenje prometnih znakova ne odgovara izmijenjenim uvjetima prometa na cesti, zahtjevima sigurnosti odnosno ako su prometni znakovi oštećeni ili uništeni
potrebno ih je odmah ukloniti, dopuniti ili zamijeniti. Ako je prometnim znakom obilježena privremena opasnost, ograničenje ili zabrana u prometu potrebno je postavljene prometne znakove ukloniti čim prestanu razlozi zbog kojih su postavljeni. [3]
2.4. **Pravilnik o održavanju cesta**
Pravilnik o održavanju cesta (NN 90/14) donosi ministar pomorstva, prometa i infrastrukture na temelju članka 26. Stavka 3. Zakona o cestama (>>Narodne novine<<, broj 84/2011, 22/2013, 54/2013 i 148/2013). Njime se uređuje popis poslova redovitog i izvanrednog održavanja cesta, opseg radova i rokovi izvođenja radova koji su izvođenje dužne osigurati pravne osobe koje upravljaju javnim cestama. Primjenjuje se na sve javne i nerazvrstane ceste, osim dijela koji je u suprotnosti s propisima kojima se uređuje komunalno gospodarstvo. [4]
2.5. **Pravilnik o minimalnim sigurnosnim zahtjevima za tunele**
Pravilnik o minimalnim sigurnosnim zahtjevima za tunele (NN 96/13) donio je ministar pomorstva, prometa i infrastrukture uz suglasnost ministra nadležnog za graditeljstvo i ministra nadležnog za unutarnje poslove na temelju članka 63. stavka 4. Zakona o cestama (Narodne novine broj 84/11., 22/13. i 54/13.). U navedenom pravilniku propisuju se minimalni sigurnosni zahtjevi i postupci, dokumentacija sigurnosti, uvjeti i metodologija za provođenje analize rizika, provjera rada, tehnički zahvati i preinake te primjena novih tehnologija za tunele čija duljina prelazi 500 m bez obzira na fazu u kojoj se nalaze (projektiranje, građenje ili korištenje). [5]
3. PROMETNA OPREMA AUTOCESTE
Prometna oprema je za sve sudionike od posebne važnosti jer se prometnom opremom obavještavaju i upozoravaju svi sudionici u prometu o stanju na prometnicama. Prometna oprema mora biti jednostavna, jasna i čitljiva, vidljiva, istočna, univerzalna, kontinuirana, odgovarajućeg dizajna i postavljena u odgovarajućem opsegu. Sigurnost, brzina i udobnost kretanja sudionika u prometu ovisi o jasnoći primljenih obavijesti. Dobrom prometnom opremom postiže se sigurno i nesmetano odvijanje prometnog toka. [6]
Prometne znakove, signalizaciju i opremu ceste čine:
1. prometni znakovi, i to:
- znakovi opasnosti
- znakovi izričitih naredbi
- znakovi obavijesti
- znakovi obavijesti za vođenje prometa
- dopunske ploče
- promjenjivi prometni znakovi
2. prometna svjetla i svjetlosne oznake
3. oznake na kolniku i drugim površinama
4. prometna oprema ceste, i to:
- oprema za označivanje ruba kolnika
- oprema za označivanje vrha prometnog otoka
- oprema, znakovi i oznake za označivanje radova, prepreka i oštećenja kolnika
- svjetlosni znakovi za označivanje radova, drugih zapreka i oštećenja kolnika
- oprema za vođenje i usmjerivanje prometa u području radova na cesti, prepreka i oštećenja kolnika
- branici i polubranici
- prometna zrcala
- zaštitne odbojne ograde
- ograde protiv zasljepljivanja
- zaštitne žičane ograde
- pješačke ograde
- ublaživači udara
- oznake za ručno upravljanje prometom
5. signalizacija i oprema za smirivanje prometa
6. turistička i ostala signalizacija propisana je posebnim propisima. [1]
3.1. Prometni znakovi, oznake na kolniku i prometna oprema na autocesti
Kako bi se prometovanje na prometnicama moglo sigurno odvijati potrebno je postaviti oznake u skladu s Pravilnikom o prometnim znakovima, signalizaciji i opremi na cestama (NN 33/05, 64/05-ispravak, 155/05, 14/11) i koje prepoznaju svi sudionici u prometu. Prometni znakovi, oznake na kolniku i prometna oprema predstavljaju važne dijelove prometnog sustava čija je svrha obavještavanje sudionika u prometu o uvjetima i situacijama na prometnicama.
3.1.1. Prometni znakovi
Prometni znakovi podijeljeni su u šest skupina, a to su:
- znakovi opasnosti (slika 1.)
- znakovi izričitih naredbi (slika 2.)
- znakovi obavijesti (slika 3. i slika 4.)
- znakovi obavijesti za vođenje prometa (slika 5.)
- dopunske ploče
- promjenjivi prometni znakovi
Na slikama 1., 2. i 3. sa crnim kvadratom označeni su znakovi opasnosti, znakovi izričitih naredbi i znakovi obavijesti koji su postavljeni i koji mogu biti prikazani na promjenjivim prometnim znakovima na promatranoj dionici Delnice-Ravna Gora.
Znakovi opasnosti služe za označivanje mjesta na cesti na kojem sudionicima u prometu prijeti opasnost. [1]
Slika 1.: Znakovi opasnosti [6]
Znakovi izričitih naredbi obavještavaju sudionike u prometu o zabranama, ograničenjima i obavezama. [1]
Slika 2.: Znakovi izričitih naredbi [6]
Znakovi obavijesti daju potrebne informacije o cesti kojom se sudionici u prometu kreću, nazivima i udaljenostima mjesta kroz koje prolazi cesta. [1]
Slika 3.: Znakovi obavijesti [6]
Slika 4.: Znakovi obavijesti [6]
Znakovi obavijesti za vođenje prometa sudionike u prometu obavještavaju o cestovnim smjerovima, rasporedu, udaljenosti i vođenju prometa prema odredištima. [1]
Dopunske ploče služe za pobliže označavanje prometnog znaka, a mogu biti postavljene uz znakove opasnosti, izričitih naredbi i obavijesti.
Promjenjivi prometni znakovi postavljaju se po potrebi zbog prometne sigurnosti ili prometno-tehničkih zahtjeva. [1]
### 3.1.2. Oznake na kolniku
U oznake na kolniku pripadaju uzdužne oznake, poprečne oznake i ostale oznake na kolniku i predmetima uz rub kolnika. Oznake na kolniku na autocesti bijele su boje i ucrtavaju se, ugrađuju ili utiskuju se u kolnički zastor. [1]
### 3.1.3. Oprema za označavanje ruba kolnika
U opremu za označavanje ruba kolnika pripadaju:
1) **smjerokazni stupić** (slika 6.)
- služi za označavanje ruba kolnika
- u vidljivom smjeru vožnje treba imati ugradenu reflektirajuću oznaku od reflektirajućeg stakla
- u smjeru vožnje s desne strane treba biti crvene boje, a s lijeve strane bijele boje
- postavljaju se u pravilu na udaljenosti 0,75 m od vanjskog ruba kolnika na razmaku od 50 m na cesti u pravcu i 12 m kod ceste u zavoju, a to ovisi o značajkama polumjera zavoja [1]
2) smjerokazne oznake (markeri) za tunele i galerije (slika 7.)
- označavaju rub kolnika u tunelu, galeriji
- izvode se u tehnologiji svjetlećih (LED) dioda i trebaju stalan izvor napajanja
- u smjeru vožnje na desnoj strani su crvene boje, a na lijevoj strani ceste bijele boje
- na kolniku s jednosmjernim prometom, u smjeru vožnje s desne strane je crveno-bijele boje, a s lijeve strane obostrano crvene za slučaj preusmjeravanja prometa i korištenja za dvosmjerni promet
- postavljaju se na razmaku od 25 m u tunelu ili galeriji u pravcu i na razmaku od 15 m u zavoju i na prvih 100 m tunela ili galerije [1]
3) reflektirajuće oznake (slika 8.)
- označuju rub kolnika, postavljaju se na mjesta na kojima nije moguće postaviti smjerokazne stupiće čija veličina, boja i oblik ovise o mjestu postavljanja [1]
4) štapovi za snijeg
- označuju rub kolnika u zimskim uvjetima i naznačuju pružanje ceste ili cestovne građevine
- obojani su naizmjence u crvenu i žutu boju dok najviše polje treba biti obojano reflektirajućom tvari (slika 9.)
- postavljaju se s desne strane u smjeru vožnje uz rub kolnika na mjestima gdje su postavljeni smjerokazni stupići s time da ne zaklone reflektirajući dio smjerokaznog stupića
- treba biti postavljen ispred i na završetku sigurnosne ograde
- označavanje cestovne građevine vrši se postavljanjem štapa s graničnikom okrenutim prema dolje na početku i štapom s graničnikom okrenutim prema gore na kraju cestovne građevine (slika 10.) [1]
 
### 3.1.4. Oprema za označavanje vrha prometnog otoka
Opremu za označavanje vrha prometnog otoka čini ploča za označavanje prometnog otoka koja na izlaznim krakovima autocestama i cesta isključivo namijenjenima za promet motornih vozila označuje vrh prometnog otoka na raskrižju na vrhu razdjelnog otoka, prikazano na slici 11. [1]
### 3.1.5. Znakovi i oznake za označavanje radova, zapreka i oštećenja kolnika
U opremu, znakove i oznake za označavanje radova, zapreka i oštećenja kolnika svrstavaju se:
1) ploče za označivanje zapreka na cesti (slika 12.)
- označuju radove ili zapreke na cestama, objektima i ostalim prometnim površinama u smjeru vožnje na lijevoj i desnoj strani [1]
2) ploče za označavanje zavoja na cesti (slika 13.) i oštrog zavoja na cesti sa smjerom usmjerivanja na desno ili lijevo
- postavljaju se na mjestima gdje počinje oštar zavoj i u samom zavoju
- ploča koja se postavlja u ošrom i neočekivanom zavoju prikazana je na slici 14. [1]
Slika 13.: Ploče označavanje zavoja na cesti [1]
Slika 14.: Ploča za označavanje oštrog i neočekivanog zavoja na cesti [1]
3) ploča (bočne) zapreke (slika 15.)
- označuje mjesto bočnog smanjenja profila ceste
- služi za fizičko razdvajanje prometa suprotnog smjera vožnje
- znakovi s kosim prugama crveno-žute i crveno-bijele boje postavljaju se i na mjestu ugradnje umjetne izbočine i uzdignute plohe [1]
Slika 15.: Ploča (bočne) zapreke [1]
4) stožac (slika 16.)
- služi za obilježavanje mjesta kratkotrajnih radova na cesti [1]
Slika 16.: Stožac [1]
5) branik za označivanje zapreka (slika 17.)
- služi za označavanje zapreka na prometnoj površini [1]
![Slika 17.: Branik za označavanje zapreka [1]](image)
6) ploča za obilježavanje mjesta izvođenja radova na cesti ili oštećenja kolnika (slika 18.) [1]
![Slika 18.: Ploča za obilježavanje mjesta izvođenja radova na cesti ili oštećenja kolnika [1]](image)
7) pokretna ploča s treptačima i znakovima (slika 19.)
- označuje mjesto izvođenja radova ili oštećenja na cesti [1]
![Slika 19.: Pokretna ploča s treptačima i znakovima [1]](image)
8) pokretna ploča s treptačima i svjetlećim strelicama, usmjerenima prema dolje i prometnim znakom (slika 120.)
- označuje mjesto na cesti gdje je prometni trak zatvoren pa se promet preusmjeruje [1]
9) pokretna signalna ploča s promjenjivim sadržajem (slika 21.)
- služi za upozoravanje sudionika u prometu na blizinu mjesta na cesti na kojem se izvode radovi ili gdje je zadan smjer i način preusmjeravanja prometa [1]
3.1.6. Svjetlosni znakovi za označavanje radova, drugih zapreka i oštećenja kolnika
Svjetlosne znakove za označavanje radova, drugih zapreka i oštećenja kolnika čine:
1) crveno svjetlo koje se upotrebljava na pločama za označivanje zatvorenog dijela ceste (slika 22.) [1]
2) trepajuće žuto svjetlo koje se upotrebljava za naglašavanje prometnog znaka iznad kojeg je postavljeno (slika 23.) [1]
3) svjetlosni niz (slika 24.)
- niz žutih međusobno povezanih svjetala (bljeskalica) koja se naizmjenično pale, gase u smjeru vožnje
- takav niz upozorava da je jedan ili više prometnih trakova zatvoren i da se promet preusmjerava „putovanjem svjetala“ [1]
![Slika 24.: Svjetlosni niz][1]
### 3.1.7. Oprema za vođenje i usmjerivanje prometa u zoni radova na cesti, drugih zapreka i oštećenja kolnika
U opremu za vođenje i usmjerivanje prometa u zoni radova na cesti, drugih zapreka i oštećenja kolnika pripadaju:
1) montažni rubnjaci (slika 25.) – služe za usmjeravanje prometa vozila po prometnim trakovima, žute su boje i imaju utisnutu reflektirajuću oznaku radi bolje vidljivosti u noćnim uvjetima i smanjenoj vidljivosti [1]
![Slika 25.: Montažni rubnjak][1]
2) markeri za razdvajanje smjerova vožnje – postavljaju se u slučaju uvodenja dvosmjernog prometa na jednosmjernoj cesti, mogu stajati samostalno ili biti pričvršćeni na montažne rubnjake koji u tom slučaju trebaju biti izvedeni tako da crvene i bijele trake budu usmjerene od vrha prema dolje u smjeru vožnje, prikazano na slici 26. [1]
3) smjerokazne oznake (markeri) za razdvajanje vožnje, označavanje pješačkih prijelaza i prijelaza preko željezničke pruge (slika 27.) – imaju usmjeravajuću reflektirajuću odnosno svjetleću oznaku s obje strane bijele boje, u tunelima se postavljaju svakih 6 m kada je promet dvosmjeran i 12 m kada je promet jednosmjeran [1]
4) zavjesice i trake – naprave koje služe za ogradiivanje manjih prostora, prikazano na slici 28. [1]
5) razdvajajuće ograde (plastične prepreke – New Jersey) – služe za fizičko razdvajanje površine namijenjene prometu suprotnih smjerova i kolničke površine od ostalih površina gdje promet nije dopušten, prikazano na slici 29. [1]
6) rastezljive i složive ograde za zatvaranje manjih prometnih površina (slika 30.) [1]
3.2. Dodatna oprema
Na autocestama, brzim cestama, mostovima i tunelima potrebno je podići razinu sigurnosti i udobnosti putovanja. Može se postići dodatnom opremom i modernim sustavima praćenja prometa. Skupine opreme su:
- **energetika** (vodovi i kabeli traženog napona i snage, transformatorske stanice i sustavi rezervnog napajanja)
- **rasvjeta** (cestovna rasvjeta čvorišta, vijadukata, portala tunela i mostova, tunelska rasvjeta, rasvjeta građevina (centar održavanja, naplatne kućice i granični prijelazi))
- **telekomunikacije** (kabeli i oprema, alarmni pozivni sustav (telefonski pozivni stupovi na cesti, SOS u tunelu), usmjereni i radijalni radiosustavi (za službe održavanja, potrebe vatrogastva, policije i hitne pomoći), truking radiosustavi, telekomunikacijski prijenos podataka za sustav kontrole i upravljanja prometom)
- **prometna signalizacija** (statička / tlocrtna i okomita, dinamička / semafori i znakovi promjenjive obavijesti – *putokazi*, *znakovi ograničenja*), meteorološka mjerenja, automatsko brojanje prometa i statistička obrada)
- **posebna oprema tunela** (sustavi ventilacije te mjerenje ugljikovog monoksida, strujanja zraka, temperature, sustavi vatrodojavne i vatrozaštite, interna televizija i sustav ozvučenja u dugim tunelima)
- **tehničko osiguranje građevina** (centri za kontrolu i održavanje prometa, naplatne postaje, mostovi i vijadukti)
- **automatska naplata na cestama, tunelima i mostovima** (otvoreni i zatvoreni sustav automatske ili ručne naplate, automatski prolaz bez zaustavljanja, anonimni automatski prolaz (kategorija-plaćanje-prolaz))
- **sustav daljinske kontrole, vođenja i upravljanja** (centralno nadziranje podsustava energetike, posebne opreme tunela i tehničkog osiguranja građevina, prometno informacijski nadzor podsustava prometne signalizacije i automatske naplate na cestama, tunelima i mostovima) [8]
3.3. Znakovi obavijesti za vođenje prometa i turistička signalizacija
U današnjem vremenu, kada je omogućeno slobodno kretanje ljudi i robe dolazi do velikog broja putovanja, kako po poznatom tako i po nepoznatom dijelu prometnicama. Tijekom putovanja do željenog odredišta putnici nailaze na mnoga raskrižja te različite prometnice. Za lakše snalaženje na takvim mjestima postavljeni su znakovi obavijesti za vođenje prometa. Na autocestama se nalazi svih pet stupnjeva obavijesti.
U zoni raskrižja postoji pet stupnjeva obavješćivanja (slika 31.), a to su:
1. prethodna obavijest
2. obavijest o smjeru kretanja
3. obavijest o prestrojavanju kretanja
4. obavijest o skretanju
5. potvrdna obavijest [9]
Slika 31.: Pet stupnjeva obavješćivanja [9]
U turističku signalizaciju pripadaju znakovi obavijesti o kulturnim i turističkim znamenitostima, znakovi usmjeravanja prema znamenitostima, znakovi za pružanje turističkih obavijesti na prometnim površinama, znakovi za izraz dobrodošlice na ulazu u državu, županiju, grad i općinu. [9]
3.4. Oprema tunela
Tuneli su podzemne građevine kojima se savladavaju prirodne prepreke te skraćuju trase. Prema duljini cestovni tuneli dijele se na:
- kratke (<500 m)
- srednje (500-2000 m)
• duge (>2000 m)
Kako bi se tunel pustio u funkciju moraju biti zadovoljeni propisani sigurnosni gradevinski zahtjevi i sigurnosni zahtjevi za prometnu signalizaciju i opremu u tunelu.
Prometni znakovi i oznake u tunelima moraju biti jasno vidljivi. U tunelima s jednosmjernim prometom prometna svjetla postavljaju se obostrano, dok se u slučaju izvedbe tunela s dvosmjernim prometom prometna svjetla postavljaju jednostrano s desne strane u smjeru vožnje. Prometnim znakovima moraju se označiti zaustavne površine, izlazi u slučaju nužde, putovi za slučaj nužde, stanice za hitne slučajevе i evakuacijska crta. Evakuacijska crta crvene je boje, širine 50 cm i nalazi se cijelom dužinom tunela s one strane tunela na kojoj se nalaze evakuacijski prolazi na visini 90 cm od razine pješačkog hodnika, prikazano na slici 32. [5]
Slika 32.: Evakuacijska crta [1]
Prometni znak za tunel (slika 33.) postavlja se na svakom ulazu u tunel. Na znaku se navodi naziv i duljina tunela, a ispod znaka postavljaju se znakovi izričitih naredbi za što sigurnije odvijanje prometa u tunelu. [5]
Slika 33.: Prometni znak za tunel [10]
Horizontalna signalizacija u tunelima koristi se za označavanje središnje crte, rubnih crta kolnika i zaustavnih površina. Tuneli moraju imati postavljene smjerokazne oznake za tunele koje označavaju rub kolnika.
Promjenjivi prometni znakovi u tunelu trebaju imati jasne prikaze kako bi korisnici tunela mogli biti obaviješteni o opasnostima, kvaru, nesreći, požaru ili zagušenju prometa. Dodatnom pločom ili uključenjem u znak moraju biti označeni telefoni i vatrogasni aparati. [5]
Rasvjeta tunela predstavlja važan dio opreme tunela. Prilikom ulaska u tunel i vožnje tunelom rasvjeta se mijenja. Sastoji se od prilazne zone, zone adaptacije i unutarnje zone, slika 34. Prilazna zona nalazi se ispred portala i pod prirodnim je svjetlom dok se zona adaptacije nalazi između prilazne zone i unutarnje zone, a služi za prilagodbu oka vozača na razliku osvjetljenja.
Slika 34.: Zone rasvjete [8]
Prozračivanje tunela, odnosno ventilacija u tunelu treba se osigurati odgovarajućim instalacijama i uređajima. Ovisno o veličini i profilu tunela, veličini i strukturi prometa potrebno je odrediti način prozračivanja. Moguće je odabrati tri vrste prozračivanja, a to su:
- uzdužna ventilacija (utiskivanje zraka uzduž tunela pomoću stropnih ventilatora)
- poprečna ventilacija (dovođenje i upuštanje svježeg zraka posebnim cijevima na posebnim mjestima u prometnom prostoru i isisavanje zagadenog zraka iz prometnog prostora te odvodjenje posebnim kanalom)
- kombinirana ventilacija (ubacivanje svježeg zraka u prometni prostor i izbacivanje zagađenog zraka djelovanjem prometa) [8]
Za upravljanje prometom prometnim svjetlima potrebno je koristiti uređaje kojima se daju znakovi prometnim svjetlima crvene, žute i zelene boje. Prilikom ulaska u tunel postavljeni su znakovi, slika 35., koji označavaju slobodan tok prometa uzduž prometnog traka iznad kojeg se nalazi znak (zelena strelica s vrhom okrenutim prema dolje) odnosno znakovi koji označavaju zabranu toka prometa duž prometnog traka iznad kojeg se znak nalazi (prekrizene crvene crte). [1]
Slika 35.: Znakovi na ulazu u tunel [1]
U novim tunelima koji nemaju zaustavni trak izvode se nogostupi s obje strane kolnika širine 85 cm i visine 15 cm iznad kolnika, a koriste se u slučaju kvara ili nezgode. Izlazi u slučaju nužde trebaju omogućiti sudionicima u prometu napuštanje tunela bez vozila i odlazak na sigurno mjesto te dolazak hitne službe u slučaju nezgode ili požara. [5]
4. ZAŠTITA AUTOCESTE
Tijekom projektiranja i izgradnje autoceste mogu nastati tehnički nedostaci autoceste koji mogu biti uzrok nastanka prometnih nesreća. Kako bi se spriječile prometne nesreće i ublažile posljedice prometnih nesreća na autocestama se postavljaju zaštitne ograde, ograde protiv zasljepljivanja od svjetala iz suprotnog smjera te ublaživači udara. Za vrijeme loših meteoroloških uvjeta za zaštitu od nanosa snijega i jakog vjetra koriste se snjegobrani i vjetrobrani. Gledajući s ekološkog aspekta i utjecaja visoke razine buke napravljene od strane vozila koja se kreću autocestama potrebno je smanjiti razinu nastale buke. Za smanjenje buke koriste se bukobrani.
4.1. Zaštitne ograde, ograde protiv zasljepljivanja, ublaživači udara
Prema pravilniku o prometnim znakovima, signalizaciji i opremi na cestama zaštitna ograda je tehnička sigurnosna konstrukcija kojoj je namjena spriječiti klizanje vozila s ceste i zadržati vozila koja su skrenuta s kolnika. Mogu biti izrađene od čelika, betona ili kombinirano. Zaštitna ograda mora se postaviti u razdjelnom pojasu (ovisno o veličini prometa), na cestovnom objektu, nasipu višem od 3,0 m i ispred opasnog mjesta (bočne opasnosti). [1]
Klasa zaštitne ograde koja se ugrađuje ovisi o kategoriji ceste. U tablici 1. prikazane se klase zaštitnih ograda koje se postavljaju prema kategorijama ceste. Kao što je vidljivo iz tablice 1., na autocestama se uz rub kolnika postavljaju zaštitne ograde klase H2-H1, u razdjelnom pojasu klase H2, na objektima H3-H2.
Tablica 1.: Klase zaštitnih ograda [1]
| KATEGORIJA CESTE | RUB KOLNIKA | RAZDJELNI POJAS | OBJEKT |
|---------------------------|-------------|-----------------|--------|
| AUTOCESTA I I BRZA CESTA | H2-H1 | H2 | H3-H2 |
| DRŽAVNA CESTA I BRZA GRADSKA CESTA | H1 | - | H2 |
| OSTALE CESTE | N2 | - | H1-H2 |
Zaštitne ograde klase H1 predviđene su za zadržavanje vozila i sprečavanje gaženja ograde pri naletu najtežih vozila.
Zaštitne ograde klase H2 su ograde koje zadovoljavaju razinu zadržavanja:
- vozila mase 900 kg, brzine 100 km/h, udar pod kutom 20 stupnjeva
- autobus težine 13000 kg, brzine 70 km/h, udar pod kutom 20 stupnjeva
Zaštitne ograde klase H3 su ograde koje zadovoljavaju razinu zadržavanja:
- vozila mase 900 kg, brzine 100 km/h, udar pod kutom 20 stupnjeva
- kamion težine 16000 kg, brzine 80 km/h [9]
Zaštitna ograda treba biti opremljena reflektirajućim oznakama ili smjerokaznim stupićima. U smjeru vožnje na desnoj strani oznaka je crvene boje, a s lijeve strane bijele boje. Ukoliko je kolnik s jednosmjernim prometom reflektirajuća oznaka treba biti s obje strane crvene boje. [1] Na slici 36. prikazana je jednostrana zaštitna ograda tipa H2, dok je na slici 37. Prikazana dvostrana zaštitna ograda tipa H2.
Osnovni elementi elastične odbojne ograde:
- stup
- plašt
- kapa
- odstojnik (odbojni element)
- traka
- podložna pločica i podloška
- završni element (kosi ili polukružni završetak)
- vijčani materijal
- reflektirajuće oznake [11]
Slika 36.: Jednostrana H2 zaštitna ograda [11]
Slika 37.: Dvostrana H2 zaštitna ograda [11]
Zaštitne žičane ograde su tehničke sigurnosne konstrukcije koje zaštićuju promet na cesti od divljači i drugih životinja te na nadvožnjacima za zaštitu prometa ispod nadvožnjaka. Postavljaju se uz autoceste, brze ceste i ostale ceste prema potrebi. [1]
Prilikom vožnje autocestom postoji mogućnost zasljepljivanja od svjetala vozila iz suprotnog smjera. Znajući da su autoceste namijenjene za vožnju velikim brzinama posljedice zasljepljivanja svjetlima vozila iz suprotnog smjera loše se odražavaju na sigurnost prometa zbog velike mogućnosti prometnih nesreća. U tom slučaju koriste se ograde protiv zasljepljivanja, slika 38. Ograde protiv zasljepljivanja od svjetala vozila iz suprotnog smjera postavljaju se u pravilu u razdjelni pojas ceste s dva kolnika za promet suprotnih smjerova, a proizvode se od metala, drveta, polimernih mreža, sadnjom šiblja i drugih materijala. [8]
Slika 38.: Ograda protiv zasljepljivanja [9]
Ublaživači udara su naprave koje se koriste za osiguranje posebno opasnih mjesta na cesti gdje postoji opasnost naleta na čvrstu građevinu. Namijenjeni su smanjenju posljedica udara na putnike, vozilo ili građevinu. Prikaz ublaživača udara nalazi se na slici 39. [1]
### 4.2. Snjegobrani, vjetrobrani i bukobrani
U zaštitu autoceste osim zaštitnih ograda ubrajaju se snjegobrani, vjetrobrani i bukobrani.
Snjegobrani (slika 40.) pružaju zaštitu od snježnih nanosa. Mogu bili građevine, uređaji ili nasadi zelenila. Trebaju biti napravljeni da propuštaju vjetar da se s obje strane ne stvaraju nanosi snijega. Snjegobran s površinom prekrivenom od 30% do 50% ostvaruje najbolju zaštitu. Osim površinske prekrivenosti važno je da između površine tla i ispod donjeg ruba ispune bude šupljina od 30 cm kroz koju može prolaziti dio zračne struje. [8]
Vjetrobrani su tehničke konstrukcije namijenjene zaštiti prometnica od vjetra. Postavljaju se na mjestima izloženim opasnim udarima vjetra. Ograde se postavljaju okomitno na smjer glavnog vjetra, a ukoliko visina ograde nije dovoljno visoka mogu se postaviti u više redova. Neki od načina zaštite od vjetra su: nasipi izvedeni od Terramesh konstrukcija, zaštita akrilnim lamelama i zaštita čeličnim lamelama. [8]
Bukobrani su namijenjeni zaštiti od buke uzrokovane kretanjem vozila po prometnici. Provode se na dionicama prometnica uz naselje na temelju analiza, pravila struke i mišljenja stanovništva. Najveća razina buke za novoizgrađene prometnice u naseljima i uz naselja
iznosi danju 65 decibela, a noću 50 decibela. Razina buke od cestovnih vozila povećava se na uzdužnim nagibima preko 3% (nagib 4-6% za 3 decibela, nagib preko 6% za 6 decibela), pri većim brzinama od 90 km/h za 3 decibela i na raskrižjima za 3 decibela. Razina buke može se smanjiti vodenjem prometnice u tunelu za 20 decibela i zvučnim barijerama izvedenim u obliku zidova, nasipa i pošumljenih pojasa. [8]
4.3. Postavljanje prometne opreme i zaštite
Prometni znakovi postavljaju se u slobodnom profilu (slika 42.) s desne strane u smjeru kretanja vozila, ali zbog uočljivosti mogu se postaviti i na lijevoj strani ili iznad kolnika. Znakovi opasnosti postavljaju se na udaljenosti 150-200 metara od mjesta opasnosti. Kada je znak opasnosti na većoj udaljenosti potrebno je dodati dopunska ploča. Na slici 41. je prikazano postavljanje prometnih znakova uz rub te iznad kolnika. [8]
Slika 41.: Postavljanje prometnih znakova uz rub kolnika i iznad kolnika [8]
Slika 42.: Prometni i slobodni profil izvan tunela i u tunelu [8]
Tablica 2.: Dimenzije prometnih znakova na autocestama i u tunelima [1]
| Element | Autoceste | Prometnice u tunelima i galerijama |
|---------|-----------|-----------------------------------|
| Duljina stranice istostraničnog trokuta znaka opasnosti | 120 cm | 60 cm |
| Promjer kruga znaka obavijesti | 90 cm | 60 cm |
| Veličina stranice znaka obavijesti oblika kvadrata | 90 cm | 60 cm |
| Veličina stranice znaka obavijesti oblika pravokutnika | 90x135 cm | 60x90 cm |
4.4. **Elementi poprečnog presjeka autoceste**
Elementi poprečnog presjeka autoceste su:
- prometni trak
- rubi trak
- bankina
- berma
- razdjelni pojas
- trak za zastavljanje
- trak za sporu vožnju [8]
Na slici 43. prikazan je poprečni presjek autoceste s svim elementima.
Slika 43.: Poprečni presjek autoceste [8]
Prometni trak je dio kolnika koji je namijenjen nesmetanom kretanju jednog reda motornih vozila. Broj i širina trakova određuju se prema značenju ceste, gustoći prometa i zahtijevanoj razini usluge. S obzirom na hrvatske tehničke propise, širina prometnog traka određuje se na temelju projektne brzine, razreda ceste i konfiguracije terena.
Rubni trak je učvršćeni dio cestovnog presjeka između prometnog traka i bankine, prometnog traka i rigola, prometnog i zaustavnog traka, prometnog traka i razdjelnog pojasa i prometnog traka i staze za bicikle, mopeđe ili pješake. Gledajući sa stajališta sigurnosti prometa rubni trak je granični vizualni element koji ograničava površinu namijenjenu kretanju motornih vozila. Njegova širina ovisi od širini prometnog traka i kategoriji (razredu) ceste. Za širinu prometnog traka od 3,50 do 3,75 m širina rubnog traka iznosi 0,50 m.
Bankina je neutvrđeni ili utvrđeni dio ceste koji se nalazi neposredno uz rubni trak na dijelu ceste u nasipu ili zasjeku kao sigurnosni element od materijala koji se koristi za izvedbu trupa ceste. Služi za smještaj prometnih znakova, zaštitnih ograda, smjerokaznih stupića, stacionažnih oznaka, zaustavljanju vozila u nuždi te odlaganju materijala za održavanje. Njezina širina određuje se na temelju širine prometnog traka.
Berma je rubni element ceste u zasjejku ili usjeku zajedno s rigolom, a ima istu funkciju kao bankina. Izvodi se s nagibom od 5-6% prema rigolu.
Razdjelni pojas služi za razdvajanje suprotnih prometnih tokova i predviđa se na autocestama i cestama s dva kolnika, uz mjesta za parkiranje na odmorištima autocesta. Osim razdvajanja suprotnih prometnih tokova sadrži razdjlne ograde, stupove rasvjete i signalizacije i uređaje za odvodnju. Širina razdjelnog pojasa ovisi o projektnoj brzini, o tipskom poprečnom presjeku, na autocestama u nizinskom terenu je 4 m, a u ostalim slučajevima 3 m.
Trak za zaustavljanje izvodi se za mogućnost zaustavljanja vozila u slučaju kvara, brisanja vjetrobrana ili slabosti vozača. Radi se uz vanjski rub kolnika širine 2,5 m kao neprekinuti trak. Ne predviđa se na vijaduktima i mostovima raspona većeg od 150 m, tunelima dužine veće od 200 m, u području traka za spora vozila i u području trakova za ubrzanje i usporenje. U navedenim slučajevima predvidaju se ugibališta za privremeno zaustavljanje.
Trak za sporu vožnju primjenjuje se na većim usponima gdje teža vozila gube na brzini (brzina padne ispod kritične - oko 50 km/h) i ometaju ostale sudionike u prometu tako da i oni moraju smanjiti brzinu ako nije moguće pretjecanje. Time se smanjuje propusna moć ceste, a samim time i sigurnost odvijanja prometa. Širina traka je veća ili jednaka 3 m, a trak za sporu vožnju proteže se od mjesta gdje brzina teretnog vozila padne ispod kritične pa od mjesta gdje naraste iznad kritične brzine. [8]
5. PREGLEDNI PRIKAZ OPREME I ZAŠTITE NA DIONICI AUTOCESTE A6
Autocesta A6 proteže se od Bosiljeva do Rijeke. Zajedno sa autocestom A1 povezuje grad Rijeku preko Delnica i Karlovca sa Zagrebom. Ujedno je i dio europske ceste E65 koja prolazi kroz Hrvatsku, a vodi od Malmöa u Švedskoj do grada Chania u Grčkoj. Svojim smještajem predstavlja najvažniji gospodarski prometni pravac Hrvatske spajajući Zagreb sa lukom Rijeka, najznačajnijom lukom na Jadranskom moru. [13] Autocesta A6 izgradivala se u dvije faze počevši od 1970.-ih godina pa sve do 2008. godine kada je u potpunosti dovršena. Prva faza odnosi se na izgradnju poluautoceste od Kupljaka do Karlovca (60,18 km), dok se druga faza odnosi na proširenje poluautoceste u autocestu punog profila od Bosiljeva do Kikovice (55,57 km). [14]
Odabrana dionica za prikaz opreme i zaštite na autocesti A6 je dionica Delnice-Ravna Gora. Razlog odabira navedene dionice je zahtjevan topografski položaj što se odražava na broj i duljinu izgrađenih tunela i vijadukata te zahtjevne klimatske prilike (vjetar, poleđica snijega). Dionica se nalazi u blizini park-šume Golubinjak poznatog po velikoj jeli staroj preko 250 godina te pristupom u spilju. Nedaleko od Delnica nalazi se i Nacionalni park Risnjak. Na dionici autoceste A6 između Ravne gore i Delnica nalaze se dva tunela (tunel Vršek i tunel Lučice), dva vijadukta (vijadukt Zalesina i vijadukt Delnice) i prijelaz za divljač Dedin. Duljina navedene dionice iznosi 10,21 km. Dionica Delnice-Ravna Gora shematski je prikazana na slici 44. [15]
Slika 44.: Shematski prikaz dionice Delnice–Ravna Gora [16]
Tunel Vršek (slika 45.) sastoji se od dvije tunelske cijevi od kojih svaka cijev ima po dva vozna traka. Sjeverna cijev tunela u promet je puštena 1997. godine, a južna cijev tunela 2008. godine. Duljina tunela Vršek je 865 m, a njime upravlja Centar kontrole prometa Delnice. Maksimalna dozvoljena brzina u tunelu je 100 km/h. [15]
Tunel Lučice sastoji se kao i tunel Vršek od dvije tunelske cijevi sa po dvije vozne trake u kojima je maksimalna dozvoljena brzina 100 km/h. Tunelom također upravlja Centar kontrole prometa Delnice. Sjeverna cijev tunela puštena je u promet 1997. godine, a južna 2008 godine. Duljina tunela Lučice iznosi 590 m. Ulaz u tunel Lučice prikazan je na slici 46. [15]
Osim dva tunela na potezu autoceste A6 između Ravne Gore i Delnica nalazi se i vijadukt Zalesina (slika 47.) čija je ukupna duljina 463,0 m. Sastoji se od dva mosta (lijevi i desni kolnik) te za svaki smjer vožnje ima po dva vozna traka i jedan zaustavni trak. Jedan most izgrađen je 1997. godine u jednoj fazi gradnje autoceste Rijeka-Zagreb, a drugi 2008. godine u drugoj fazi gradnje. [15]
Duljina vijadukta Delnice je 101,0 m. Sastoji se od dva mosta (lijevi i desni kolnik) te za svaki smjer vožnje ima po dva vozna traka i jedan zaustavni trak. Vijadukt Delnice prikazan je na slici 48. [15]
Prijelaz za divljač Dedin (slika 49.) nalazi se na nadmorskoj visini 860 m, što je ujedno i najviša točka kojom prolazi autocesta Rijeka-Zagreb. Navedeni prijelaz je prvi prijelaz takve vrste na autocestama u Hrvatskoj. [17]
Slika 49.: Prijelaz za divljač Dedin [10]
Brojanje prometa temelji se na korištenju automatskih brojila prometa za neprekidno i povremeno brojanje i prikupljanju podataka s objekata s naplatom prolaza. Prosječni ljetni dnevni promet (PLDP) dobiven je obradom podataka iz brojanja prometa na autocestama u srpnju i kolovozu, dok je prosječni godišnji dnevni promet (PGDP) dobiven brojanjem prometa tijekom cijele kalendarske godine. [18]
U tablici 3. su prikazane vrijednosti prosječnog godišnjeg dnevnog prometa (PGDP) i prosječnog ljetnog dnevnog prometa (PLDP) za razdoblje od 10 godina. Razdoblje u kojem su obavljena brojanja prometa su od 2007. pa do 2017. godine. Podaci brojanja prometa odnose se na autocestu A6 od Bosiljeva 2 do Rijeke.
Tablica 3.: Prosječni godišnji dnevni promet (PGDP) i prosječni ljetni dnevni promet (PLDP) za razdoblje 2007.-2017. godina [18]
| GODINA | PGDP [voz/dan] | PLDP [voz/dan] |
|--------|----------------|----------------|
| 2007. | 11.075 | 17.903 |
| 2008. | 11.645 | 19.061 |
| 2009. | 11.678 | 19.332 |
| 2010. | 11.293 | 19.388 |
| 2011. | 11.767 | 20.032 |
| 2012. | 11.055 | 19.107 |
| 2013. | 11.058 | 19.496 |
| 2014. | 11.239 | 19.404 |
| 2015. | 11.893 | 21.183 |
| 2016. | 12.783 | 22.206 |
| 2017. | 13.554 | 23.138 |
Zbog lakše preglednosti i uočavanja odnosa između promatranih podataka na grafikonu 1. prikazane su vrijednosti navedene u tablici 3. Kao što je vidljivo tijekom ljetnih mjeseci veličina prometa se zнатно povećava u odnosu na prosječni godišnji dnevni promet.
Razlog velikoj razlici je u tome što je Hrvatska poznata ljetna destinacija, a autocesta A6 je spojnica unutrašnjosti Hrvatske sa Sjevernim Jadranom. Tijekom promatranog razdoblja mogu se uočiti trendovi rasta i trendovi pada prosječnog godišnjeg dnevnog prometa i prosječnog ljetnog dnevnog prometa, ali isto tako i trend drastičnog rasta u zadnje tri godine.
Grafikon 1.: Prosječni godišnji dnevni promet (PGDP) i prosječni ljetni dnevni promet (PLDP) za razdoblje 2007.-2017. godina
5.1. Oprema na dionici autoceste Delnice–Ravna Gora
Oprema na dionici autoceste A6 Delnice-Ravna Gora podijeljena je u dvije skupine. U prvu skupinu pripadaju promjenjivi prometni znakovi koji su prikazani u tablici 4., a u drugu skupinu prometni znakovi ograničenja brzine koji su prikazani u tablici 5. U tablici 4. i 5. uz naziv prometnog znaka navedena je stacionaža na kojoj je znak postavljen te je sve popraćeno slikom navedenog prometnog znaka. Oznaka „Spz“ na slikama u tablicama 4. i 5. te slikama 50., 51., 52., i 53. predstavlja kraticu za svjetlosno promjenjive znakove.
| | Naziv prometnog znaka | Prometni znak | Stacionaža |
|---|----------------------|--------------|------------|
| 1.| promjenjivi prometni znak |  | 42 km + 250 m |
| 2.| promjenjivi prometni znak |  | 41 km + 900 m |
| 3.| promjenjivi prometni znak |  | 41 km + 600 m |
| 4.| promjenjivi prometni znak |  | 36 km + 700 m |
| 5.| promjenjivi prometni znak |  | 36 km + 500 m |
| 6.| promjenjivi prometni znak |  | 36 km + 200 m |
| 7.| promjenjivi prometni znak |  | 35 km + 900 m |
| 8.| promjenjivi prometni znak |  | 35 km + 400 m |
| 9.| promjenjivi prometni znak |  | 32 km + 850 m |
| | Ravna Gora-Delnice |
|---|---------------------|
| 10.| promjenjivi prometni znak | 32 km + 900 m |
| 11.| promjenjivi prometni znak | 34 km + 650 m |
| 12.| promjenjivi prometni znak | 35 km + 500 m |
| 13.| promjenjivi prometni znak | 35 km + 800 m |
| 14.| promjenjivi prometni znak | 36 km + 150 m |
| 15.| promjenjivi prometni znak | 40 km + 900 m |
| 16.| promjenjivi prometni znak | 41 km + 250 m |
| 17.| promjenjivi prometni znak | 41 km + 570 m |
| 18.| promjenjivi prometni znak | 42 km + 250 m |
| | Naziv prometnog znaka | Prometni znak | Stacionaža |
|---|----------------------------------------|---------------|----------------|
| 1.| znak ograničenja brzine 100 km/h | | 42 km + 270 m |
| 2.| znak ograničenja brzine 100 km/h | | 36 km + 800 m |
| 3.| znak ograničenja brzine 110 km/h | | 41 km + 200 m |
| 4.| znak ograničenja brzine 110 km/h | | 35 km + 470 m |
| 5.| znak ograničenja brzine 110 km/h | | 34 km + 800 m |
| 6.| znak ograničenja brzine 100 km/h | | 35 km + 300 m |
| 7.| znak ograničenja brzine 100 km/h | | 40 km + 850 m |
| 8.| znak ograničenja brzine 110 km/h | | 32 km + 650 m |
| 9.| znak ograničenja brzine 110 km/h | | 36 km + 500 m |
|10.| znak ograničenja brzine 110 km/h | | 41 km + 900 m |
Iz smjera Delnica prema Ravnoj Gori postavljeni su znakovi [16]:
- znak ograničenja brzine 100 km/h nalazi se na stacionaži 42 km + 270 m (tablica 5. – red 1.)
- promjenjivi prometni znak na stacionaži 42 km + 250 m s mogućnošću prikazivanja 16 različitih znakova (tablica 4. – red 1.):
- pet različitih vrijednosti ograničenja brzine (40, 60, 80, 100, 130 km/h)
- zabranu toka prometa uzduž prometnog traka iznad kojeg se nalazi znak
- skretanje prometnog toka u lijevu i desnu stranu s prometnog traka iznad kojeg se nalazi znak
- znakove opasnosti (opasnost na cesti, radovi na cesti, kolona zaustavljenih vozila, poledica, bočni vjetar)
- znakove izričitih naredbi (zabrana pretjecanja svih motornih vozila, osim motocikala bez prikolice i mopeda, zabrana pretjecanja za teretne automobile)
- promjenjivi prometni znak na stacionaži 41 km + 900 m s mogućnošću prikazivanja pet različitih vrijednosti ograničenja brzine (40, 60, 80, 100, 130 km/h) (tablica 4. – red 2.)
- promjenjivi prometni znak na stacionaži 41 km + 600 m s mogućnošću prikazivanja četiri različite vrijednosti ograničenja brzine (40, 60, 80, 100 km/h) (tablica 4. – red 3.)
- znak ograničenja brzine 110 km/h nalazi se na stacionaži 41 km + 200 m (tablica 5. – 3.)
- znak ograničenja brzine sa vrijednosti 100 km/h nalazi se na stacionaži 36 km + 800 m (tablica 5. – red 2.)
- promjenjivi prometni znak na stacionaži 36 km + 700 m s mogućnošću prikazivanja 16 različitih znakova (tablica 4. – red 4.):
- pet različitih vrijednosti ograničenja brzine (40, 60, 80, 100, 130 km/h)
- zabranu toka prometa uzduž prometnog traka iznad koje se nalazi znak
- skretanje toka prometa u lijevu i desnu stranu s prometnog traka iznad kojeg se nalazi znak
- znakove opasnosti (opasnost na cesti, radovi na cesti, kolona zaustavljenih vozila, poledica, bočni vjetar)
- znakove izričitih naredbi (zabrana pretjecanja svih motornih vozila, osim motocikala bez prikolice i mopeda, zabrana pretjecanja za teretne automobile)
- promjenjivi prometni znak na stacionaži 36 km + 500 m s mogućnošću prikazivanja pet različitih vrijednosti ograničenja brzine (40, 60, 80, 100, 130 km/h) (tablica 4. – red 5.)
- promjenjivi prometni znak na stacionaži 36 km + 200 m s mogućnošću prikazivanja četiri različite vrijednosti ograničenja brzine (40, 60, 80, 100 km/h) (tablica 4. – red 6.)
- promjenjivi prometni znak na stacionaži 35 km + 900 m s mogućnošću prikazivanja četiri različite vrijednosti ograničenja brzine (40, 60, 80, 100 km/h) (tablica 4. – red 7.)
- znak ograničenja brzine 110 km/h nalazi se na stacionaži 35 km + 470 m (tablica 5. – red 4.)
- promjenjivi prometni znak na stacionaži 35 km + 400 m s mogućnošću prikazivanja 16 različitih znakova (tablica 4. – red 8.):
- pet različitih vrijednosti ograničenja brzine (40, 60, 80, 100, 130 km/h),
- zabranu toka prometa uzduž prometnog traka iznad koje se nalazi znak,
- skretanje toka prometa u lijevu i desnu stranu s prometnog traka iznad kojeg se nalazi znak,
- znakove opasnosti (opasnost na cesti, radovi na cesti, kolona zaustavljenih vozila, poleđica, bočni vjetar)
- znakove izričitih naredbi (zabrana pretjecanja svih motornih vozila, osim motocikala bez prikolice i mopeda, zabrana pretjecanja za teretne automobile)
- znak ograničenja brzine 110 km/h nalazi se na stacionaži 34 km + 800 m (tablica 5. – red 5.)
- promjenjivi prometni znak na stacionaži 32 km + 850 m s mogućnošću prikazivanja 19 različitih znakova (tablica 4. – red 9.):
- pet različitih vrijednosti ograničenja brzine (40, 60, 80, 100, 130 km/h)
- zabranu toka prometa uzduž prometnog traka iznad koje se nalazi znak
- skretanje toka prometa u lijevu i desnu stranu s prometnog traka iznad kojeg se nalazi znak
- znakove opasnosti (opasnost na cesti, radovi na cesti, kolona zaustavljenih vozila, promet u oba smjera, poleđica, bočni vjetar)
- znakove izričitih naredbi (zabrana pretjecanja svih motornih vozila, osim motocikala bez prikolice i mopeda, zabrana pretjecanja za teretne automobile, prestanak svih zabrana, obavezan smjer)
Iz smjera Ravne Gore prema Delnicama postavljeni su znakovi [16]:
- znak ograničenja brzine 110 km/h nalazi se na stacionaži 32 km + 650 m (tablica 5. – red 8.)
- promjenjivi prometni znak na stacionaži 32 km + 900 m s mogućnošću prikazivanja 18 različitih znakova (tablica 4. – red 10.):
- pet različitih vrijednosti ograničenja brzine (40, 60, 80, 100, 130 km/h)
- zabranu toka prometa uzduž prometnog traka iznad koje se nalazi znak
- skretanje toka prometa u lijevu i desnu stranu s prometnog traka iznad kojeg se nalazi znak
- znakove opasnosti (opasnost na cesti, radovi na cesti, kolona zaustavljenih vozila, promet u oba smjera, poleđica, bočni vjetar)
- znakove izričitih naredbi (zabrana pretjecanja svih motornih vozila, osim motocikala bez prikolice i mopeda, zabrana pretjecanja za teretne automobile, prestanak svih zabrana)
- promjenjivi prometni znak na stacionaži 34 km + 650 m s mogućnošću prikazivanja 19 različitih znakova (tablica 4. – red 11.):
- pet različitih vrijednosti ograničenja brzine (40, 60, 80, 100, 130 km/h)
- zabranu toka prometa uzduž prometne take iznad koje se nalazi znak
- skretanje toka promet u lijevu i desnu stranu s prometnog traka iznad kojeg se nalazi znak
- znakove opasnosti (opasnost na cesti, radovi na cesti, kolona zaustavljenih vozila, promet u oba smjera, poledica, bočni vjetar)
- znakove izričitih naredbi (zabrana pretjecanja svih motornih vozila, osim motocikala bez prikolice i mopađa, zabrana pretjecanja za teretne automobile)
- znak ograničenja brzine sa vrijednosti od 100 km/h
- znak ograničenja brzine 100 km/h nalazi se na stacionaži 35 km + 300 m (tablica 5. – red 6.)
- promjenjivi prometni znak na stacionaži 35 km + 500 m s mogućnošću prikazivanja pet različitih vrijednosti ograničenja brzine (40, 60, 80, 100, 130 km/h) (tablica 4. – red 12.)
- promjenjivi prometni znak na stacionaži 35 km + 800 m s mogućnošću prikazivanja četiri različite vrijednosti ograničenja brzine (40, 60, 80, 100 km/h) (tablica 4. – red 13.)
- promjenjivi prometni znak na stacionaži 36 km + 150 m s mogućnošću prikazivanja četiri različite vrijednosti ograničenja brzine (40, 60, 80, 100 km/h) (tablica 4. – red 14.)
- znak ograničenja brzine 110 km/h nalazi se na stacionaži 36 km + 500 m (tablica 5. – red 9.)
- znak ograničenja brzine 100 km/h nalazi se na stacionaži 40 km + 850 m (tablica 5. – red 7.)
- promjenjivi prometni znak na stacionaži 40 km + 900 m s mogućnošću prikazivanja pet različitih vrijednosti ograničenja brzine (40, 60, 80, 100, 130 km/h) (tablica 4. – red 15.)
- promjenjivi prometni znak na stacionaži 41 km + 250 m s mogućnošću prikazivanja pet različitih vrijednosti ograničenja brzine (40, 60, 80, 100, 130 km/h) (tablica 4. – red 16.)
- promjenjivi prometni znak na stacionaži 41 km + 570 m s mogućnošću prikazivanja četiri različite vrijednosti ograničenja brzine (40, 60, 80, 100 km/h) (tablica 4. – red 17.)
- znak ograničenja brzine 110 km/h nalazi se na lokaciji 41 km + 900 m (tablica 5. – red 10.)
- promjenjivi prometni znak na stacionaži 42 km + 250 m s mogućnošću prikazivanja znaka obavezan smjer (tablica 4. – red 18.)
Slika 50. prikazuje postavljenu prometnu opremu na raskrižju izvan razine Delnice i tunelu Lučice. Slika 51. nastavlja se na sliku 50. i prikazuje prometnu opremu postavljenu na vijaduktu Delnice te prijelaz za divljač Dedin. Nastavak na slicu 51. je slika 52. na kojoj je
prikazana prometna oprema u tunelu Vršek te vijaduktu Zalesina. Slika 53. prikazuje prometnu opremu na raskrižju izvan razine Ravna Gora.
Slika 50.: Shematski prikaz raskrižja izvan razine Delnice i tunela Lučice [16]
Slika 51.: Shematski prikaz vijadukta Delnice i prijelaza za divljač Dedin [16]
Slika 52.: Shematski prikaz tunela Vršek i vijadukta Zalesina [16]
Slika 53.: Shematski prikaz raskrižje izvan razine Ravna Gora [16]
5.2. Zaštita na dionici autoceste Delnice – Ravna Gora
Na autocesti A6, dionici Delnice - Ravna Gora, nalaze se ublaživači udara kao cestovni zaštitni sustavi. Na slici 54. prikazan je ublaživač udara na raskrižju izvan razine Delnice. Nalazi se na stacionaži 43 + 000 ZG na izlazu s autoceste. Duljina cestovnog zaštitnog sustava iznosi 700 cm, širina 180 cm i visina 80 cm. Ublaživač udara razdvaja autocestu od odvojka za izlazak s autoceste. [19]
Slika 54.: Ublaživač udara – raskrižje izvan razine Delnice [19]
Cestovni zaštitni sustav postavljen je na raskrižju izvan razine Ravna Gora, slika 55. Njegova duljina iznosi 700 cm, širina 180 cm, a visina 80 cm. Namijenjen je razdvajanju autoceste i odvojka za izlazak sa autoceste, a ugrađen 2008. godine. Nalazi se na stacionaži 32 + 000 ZG na izlazu s autoceste. [19]
Slika 55.: Ublaživač udara – raskrižje izvan razine Ravna Gora [19]
Cestovni zaštitni sustav (ublaživač udara) postavljen je na raskrižju izvan razine Delnice na stacionaži 43 + 000 RI (slika 56.). Duljina postavljenog ublaživača udara iznosi 700 cm, širina 180 cm, a visina 80 cm. Ugrađen je 2008. godine i služi razdvajanju autoceste i odvojka za izlazak s autoceste. [19]
Slika 56.: Ublaživač udara - raskrižje izvan razine Delnice [19]
Cestovni zaštitni sustav postavljen je na raskrižju izvan razine Ravna Gora, slika 57. Njegova duljina iznosi 700 cm, širina 180 cm, a visina 80 cm. Namijenjen je razdvajanju autoceste i odvojka za izlazak s autoceste, a ugrađen 2008. godine. Nalazi se na stacionaži 32 + 000 RI. [19]
Slika 57.: Ublaživač udara - raskrižje izvan razine Ravna Gora [19]
U svrhu što sigurnijeg odvijanja prometa na dionici autoceste A6 Delnice – Ravna Gora postavljene su elastične odbojne ograde i žičane ograde. U tablici 6. Navedeni su položaj, tip, duljina, visina i vrsta ograde.. Elastična odbojna ograda u središnjem pojasu i na bankini je tipa H2. Ukupna duljina ograde na bankini iznosi 6480 m. Duljina jednostrane ograde tipa H2 u središnjem pojasu iznosi 620 m, dok dvostrane ograde tipa H2 9580 m. Duž čitave dionice Delnice – Ravna Gora postavljena je zaštitna žičana ograda visine 2 metra. [20]
Tablica 6.: Elastična odbojna ograda i žičana ograda [20]
| STACIONAŽA OD | STACIONAŽA DO | SREDIŠNJI POJAS (CZP) | OGRADA NA BANKINI | ZAŠTITNA ŽIČANA OGRADA |
|---------------|---------------|-----------------------|------------------|------------------------|
| km | m | km | m | JEDNOSTRANA / DVOSTRANA | TIP | DULJINA | TIP | DULJINA | VISINA |
| 32 | 0 | 34 | 850 | DVOSTRANA | H2 | 2850 m | | | 2 m |
| 32 | 0 | 34 | 900 | | | | | | 2 m |
| 32 | 120 | 32 | 460 | | | | | | 2 m |
| 32 | 680 | 32 | 750 | | | | | | 2 m |
| 32 | 840 | 32 | 950 | | | | | | 2 m |
| 33 | 30 | 33 | 220 | | | | | | 2 m |
| 33 | 620 | 33 | 910 | | | | | | 2 m |
| 34 | 30 | 34 | 150 | | | | | | 2 m |
| 34 | 450 | 34 | 850 | | | | | | 2 m |
| 35 | 290 | 35 | 500 | | | | | | 2 m |
| 35 | 300 | 35 | 500 | | | | | | 2 m |
| 35 | 400 | 35 | 600 | JEDNOSTRANA | H2 | 200 m | | | 2 m |
| 36 | 500 | 36 | 600 | JEDNOSTRANA | H2 | 100 m | | | 2 m |
| 36 | 500 | 40 | 650 | | | | | | 2 m |
| 36 | 550 | 37 | 390 | | | | | | 2 m |
| 36 | 600 | 40 | 600 | DVOSTRANA | H2 | 4000 m | | | 2 m |
| 37 | 750 | 38 | 10 | | | | | | 2 m |
| 38 | 320 | 38 | 600 | | | | | | 2 m |
| 38 | 930 | 39 | 10 | | | | | | 2 m |
| 39 | 50 | 39 | 700 | | | | | | 2 m |
| 40 | 180 | 40 | 300 | | | | | | 2 m |
| 40 | 610 | 40 | 650 | | | | | | 2 m |
| 40 | 750 | 41 | 100 | DVOSTRANA | H2 | 350 m | | | 2 m |
| 40 | 750 | 41 | 250 | | | | | | 2 m |
| 41 | 100 | 41 | 300 | JEDNOSTRANA | H2 | 200 m | | | 2 m |
| 40 | 750 | 41 | 270 | | | | | | 2 m |
| 41 | 980 | 42 | 90 | | | | | | 2 m |
| 41 | 900 | 42 | 20 | JEDNOSTRANA | H2 | 120 m | | | 2 m |
| 41 | 900 | 44 | 500 | | | | | | 2 m |
| 42 | 20 | 44 | 400 | DVOSTRANA | H2 | 2380 m | | | 2 m |
| 42 | 170 | 42 | 350 | | | | | | 2 m |
| 42 | 430 | 42 | 500 | | | | | | 2 m |
| 42 | 550 | 42 | 700 | | | | | | 2 m |
| 42 | 830 | 42 | 950 | | | | | | 2 m |
| 42 | 980 | 43 | 280 | | | | | | 2 m |
| 43 | 550 | 44 | 570 | | | | | | 2 m |
Na slici 58. je prikazana dvostrana ograda tipa H2 koja je postavljena u razdjelnom pojasu na promatranoj dionici Delnice-Ravna Gora, dok je na slici 59. prikazana jednostrana ograda tipa H2.
Slika 58.: Ograda H2 [16]
Slika 59.: Ograda H2 [16]
6. UPRAVLJANJE PROMETOM NA AUTOCESTI A6
Autocesta je cestovni infrastrukturni objekt visoke razine uslužnosti i korisnicima pruža visoki standard udobnosti i sigurnosti. Iako su autoceste sigurnije od ostalih prometnica na njima se događaju prometne nesreće. Za sigurnost prometa na autocestama brinu se centri za kontrolu prometa.
Republika Hrvatska ima razvijenu mrežu autocesta čija ukupna duljina iznosi 1313,8 km. Autocestama u Republici Hrvatskoj upravljaju 4 tvrtke, a to su:
- **Hrvatske autoceste d.o.o.** (autoceste A1, A3, A4, A5, A10, A11 i tunel Sv. Ilija)
- **BINA-ISTRA d.d.** (Istarski Y –A8, A9)
- **Autocesta Rijeka-Zagreb d.d.** (autocesta A6, dijelom A1, A7, Krčkim mostom i dijelom Državne ceste D6 od Novigrada do Netretića)
- **Autocesta Zagreb-Macelj d.o.o.** (autocesta A2) [21]
Na slici 60. je prikazana mreža autocesta u Hrvatskoj. Zelenom bojom označena je mreža autocesta kojom upravljaju Hrvatske autoceste d.o.o., žutom bojom dionice autocesta kojom upravlja BINA-ISTRA d.d., plavom bojom dionice autocesta kojom upravlja Autocesta Rijeka-Zagreb d.d. i crvenom bojom dionica autocesta kojom upravlja Autocesta Zagreb-Macelj d.o.o.
Slika 60.: Mreža autocesta u Hrvatskoj [22]
Slika 61. prikazuje autocestu A6, njen položaj na karti Republike Hrvatske.
Naplata cestarine u Republici Hrvatskoj, a tako i na autocesti A6, vrši se temeljem dužine korištene dionice i pripadajuće skupine vozila. Primjenjuje se zatvoren sustav naplate na autocestama s više ulaza i izlaza. Na ulazu na autocestu korisnik dobiva naplatnu karticu i na temelju dobivene kartice na izlazu plaća cestarinu. Cestarina se može platiti gotovinom u nacionalnoj i stranoj valuti, kreditnim karticama, pretplatnim karticama i smart karticom. Korištenjem beskontaktne naplate smart kartice i elektronske naplate cestarine (ENC) smanjuju se repovi čekanja na naplatnim postajama.
Nepovoljni klimatski uvjeti razlog su za uvođenje sustava nadzora i upravljanja prometom. Sustavi za razmjenu informacija koji su uspostavljeni dijele se na:
- informacijski sustav
- komunikacijski sustav
Informacijski sustav obuhvaća:
- prometni informacijski sustav – stanice sustava videodetekcije, meteorološke mjerne stanice, promjenjive prometni znakovi, semafore, signale prometnog traka
- sustav daljinskog vodenja u tunelima - ventilaciju, vatrodojavni sustav, rasvjetni sustav, elektroenergetski sustav i elementi mjernog sustava
- sustav videonadzora autoceste - CCTV kamere, upravljački dio sustava smješten u centru za održavanje i kontrolu prometa
- sustav videodetekcije - brojenje i određivanje brzine vozila te detekciju prometnih incidenata
- sustav naplate
Komunikacijski sustav obuhvaća:
- telefonsko–pozivni sustav – upućivanje poziva nadležnim službama za hitnom pomoći
- sustav ozvučenja tunela - davanje potrebnih informacija ili uputa korisnicima tunela koji su zaustavljeni u tunelu zbog nekog prometnog incident
- sustav radiofuzije u tunelu - ostvarivanje radioveza između dvije ili više radiostanica unutar tunela i vanjskih radiostanica, prijenos jednog ili više javnih radio programa, davanje obavijesti korisnicima [23]
7. ZAKLJUČAK
Razvojem cestovnog prometa i sve većim brojem vozila na autocestama smanjuje se sigurnost putovanja. Kako bi se osiguralo sigurno i udobno kretanje sudionika u prometu do željenih odredišta došlo je do potrebe za postavljanjem prometne opreme i zaštite. Prometnu opremu i zaštitu autoceste čine uređaji i naprave čija je svrha pravovremeno i jasno obavještavanje svih sudionika u prometu o uvjetima na autocesti.
Konstantnim povećanjem broja motornih vozila na autocestama raste i broj prometnih nesreća. Glavni cilj prometnih stručnjaka je poduzimati mjere kako bi se ublažile posljedice i smanjio broj prometnih nesreća, odnosno omogućilo neometano i sigurno odvijanje prometa uz dobru protočnost. Postavljanjem jasne, jednoznačne i razumljive prometne opreme i zaštite na vidljivom mjestu sudionici u prometu mogu pravovremeno reagirati i izbjeći neželjene situacije.
Prema podacima brojanja prometa na autocesti A6 jasno je vidljiv porast broja motornih vozila tijekom ljeta koji je posljedica položaja trase autoceste i spajanja unutrašnjosti Hrvatske sa Jadranskom obalom. Prometna oprema i zaštita na dionici autoceste A6 Delnice-Ravna Gora postavljena je prema pravilima struke. Cijelom dionicom postavljena je zaštitna odbojna ograda zahtijevane razine sigurnosti, a veći dio prometne opreme su promjenjivi prometni znakovi s mogućnošću prikazivanja više prometnih znakova. Postavljanjem promjenjivih prometnih znakova otvara se mogućnost brze prilagodbe prometnih znakova uvjetima koji su u tom trenutku prisutni na prometnici. Na svakom raskrižju izvan razine kao zaštitni elementi postavljeni su ublaživači udara koji odvajaju autocestu i izlaz sa autoceste.
Za održavanje sigurnosti na autocestama potrebno je vršiti nadzor i kontrolu na cijelom potezu dionice, a osobito na mjestima veće složenosti sustava kao što su raskrižja izvan razine, tuneli i vijadukti. Upravljanje i kontrola autoceste omogućena je pomoću informacijskih i komunikacijskih sustava.
LITERATURA
1. Pravilnik o prometnim znakovima, signalizaciji i opremi na cestama, NN 33/05, 64/05-ispravak, 155/05, 14/11
2. Zakon o cestama NN 84/11
3. Zakon o sigurnosti prometa na cestama NN 108/17
4. Pravilnik o održavanju cesta NN 90/14
5. Pravilnik o minimalnim sigurnosnim zahtjevima za tunele NN 96/13
6. http://www.autoskola.com.hr/ucilica-prometni-znakovi-op.shtml
7. Cerovac, V.: Tehnika i sigurnost prometa, Fakultet prometnih znanosti, Zagreb, 2001.
8. Legac, I.: Cestovne prometnice 1, Fakultet prometnih znanosti, Zagreb, 2006.
9. Autorizirana predavanja iz kolegija Cestovne prometnice I
10. https://www.google.com/maps
11. Katalog rezervnih dijelova za elastičnu odbojnu ogradu tip „Dalekovod“
12. https://www.signallinea.hr/djelatnosti/ublaživaci-udara/
13. https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europski_pravac_E65
14. http://www.mppl.hr/default.aspx?id=5251
15. http://hac.hr/hr/interaktivna-karta-autocesta-
16. Bosiljevo-Kikovica TJO DELNICE
17. https://www.arz.hr/hr/autocesta/dionice/delnice-ravna-gora
18. https://hrvatske-ceste.hr/uploads/documents/attachment_file/file/44/2016.pdf (verzije od 2007. do 2017. godine)
19. CZS (ublaživači udara) TJO DELNICE
20. GRUPA 09 - PROM.OPREMA TJO DELNICE
21. http://www.huka.hr/publikacije/nacionalno-izvjesce
22. http://www.huka.hr/mreza-autocesta
23. http://www.mppl.hr/userdocsimages/2007/Brosurahr-w.pdf
POPIS SLIKA
Slika 1.: Znakovi opasnosti ................................................................. 7
Slika 2.: Znakovi izričitih naredbi .................................................. 8
Slika 3.: Znakovi obavijesti ............................................................. 8
Slika 4.: Znakovi obavijesti ............................................................. 8
Slika 5.: Znakovi za vodenje prometa ........................................... 9
Slika 6.: Smjerokazni stupići ............................................................ 10
Slika 7: Smjerokazna oznaka .......................................................... 10
Slika 8.: Reflektirajuće oznake....................................................... 10
Slika 9.: Štap za snijeg na cesti ...................................................... 11
Slika 10.: Štap za snijeg na cestovnoj građevini .......................... 11
Slika 11.: Oprema za označavanje vrha prometnog otoka ............. 11
Slika 12.: Ploča za označivanje zapreka na cesti na lijevoj i desnoj stani ......................... 12
Slika 13.: Ploče označavanje zavoja na cesti ................................ 12
Slika 14.: Ploča za označavanje oštrog i neočekivanog zavoja na cesti ................................ 12
Slika 15.: Ploča (bočne) zapreke ..................................................... 12
Slika 16.: Stožac ........................................................................... 12
Slika 17.: Branik za označavanje zapreka ..................................... 13
Slika 18.: Ploča za obilježavanje mjesta izvođenja radova na cesti ili oštećenja kolnika...... 13
Slika 19.: Pokretna ploča s treptačima i znakovima ........................ 13
Slika 20.: Pokretna ploča s treptačima i svjetlećim strelicama, usmjerenima prema dolje i prometnim znakom................................................................. 14
Slika 21.: Pokretna signalna ploča s promjenjivim sadržajem ........ 14
Slika 22.: Crveno svjetlo koje se upotrebljava na pločama za označivanje zatvorenog dijela ceste ................................................................. 14
Slika 23.: Trepćuće žuto .................................................................. 15
Slika 24.: Svjetlosni niz ................................................................. 15
Slika 25.: Montažni rubnjak ............................................................ 15
Slika 26.: Markeri za razdvajanje smjerova vožnje ..................... 16
Slika 27.: Smjerokazne oznake (markeri) za razdvajanje vožnje, označavanje pješačkih prijelaza i prijelaza preko željezničke pruge ........................................ 16
Slika 28.: Zavjesice i trake .............................................................. 16
Slika 29.: Razdvajajuće ograde (plastične prepreke – New Jersey) ........................................ 16
Slika 30.: Rastezljive i složive ograde za zatvaranje manjih prometnih površina .................. 16
Slika 31.: Pet stupnjeva obavješćivanja .......................................... 18
Slika 32.: Evakuacijska crta ............................................................ 19
Slika 33.: Prometni znak za tunel .................................................. 19
Slika 34.: Zone rasvjete ................................................................. 20
Slika 35.: Znakovi na ulazu u tunel ............................................... 20
Slika 36.: Jednostrana H2 zaštitna ograda .................................... 22
Slika 37.: Dvostrana H2 zaštitna ograda ........................................ 23
Slika 38.: Ograda protiv zasljepljivanja ........................................ 23
| Slika | Naslov | Stranica |
|-------|--------|----------|
| 39. | Ublaživač udara | 24 |
| 40. | Drveni snjegobran | 24 |
| 41. | Postavljanje prometnih znakova uz rub kolnika i iznad kolnika | 25 |
| 42. | Prometni i slobodni profil izvan tunela i u tunelu | 25 |
| 43. | Poprečni presjek autoceste | 26 |
| 44. | Shematski prikaz dionice Delnice-Ravna Gora | 29 |
| 45. | Ulaz tunela Vršek | 29 |
| 46. | Ulaz tunela Lučice | 29 |
| 47. | Vijadukt Zalesina | 30 |
| 48. | Vijadukt Delnice | 30 |
| 49. | Prijelaz za divljač Dedin | 31 |
| 50. | Shematski prikaz raskrižja izvan razine Delnice i tunela Lučice | 39 |
| 51. | Shematski prikaz vijadukta Delnice i prijelaza za divljač Dedin | 39 |
| 52. | Shematski prikaz tunela Vršek i vijadukta Zalesina | 40 |
| 53. | Shematski prikaz raskrižja izvan razine Ravna Gora | 40 |
| 54. | Ublaživač udara – raskrižje izvan razine Delnice | 41 |
| 55. | Ublaživač udara – raskrižje izvan razine Ravna Gora | 41 |
| 56. | Ublaživač udara – raskrižje izvan razine Delnice | 42 |
| 57. | Ublaživač udara – raskrižje izvan razine Ravna Gora | 42 |
| 58. | Ograda H2 | 44 |
| 59. | Ograda H2 | 44 |
| 60. | Mreža autocesta u Hrvatskoj | 45 |
| 61. | Prikaz autoceste A6 | 46 |
POPIS TABLICA
Tablica 1.: Klase zaštitnih ograda ................................................................. 21
Tablica 2.: Dimenzije prometnih znakova na autocestama i u tunelima .................. 26
Tablica 3.: Prosječni godišnji dnevni promet (PGDP) i prosječni ljetni dnevni promet (PLDP) za razdoblje 2007.-2017. godina ................................................................. 31
Tablica 4.: Prikaz promjenjivih prometnih znakova na dionici Delnice-Ravna Gora ........... 33
Tablica 5.: Prikaz prometnih znakova na dionici Delnice-Ravna Gora ............................ 35
Tablica 6.: Elastična odbojna ograda i žičana ograda .................................................. 43
POPIS GRAFIKONA
Grafikon 1.: Prosječni godišnji dnevni promet (PGDP) i prosječni ljetni dnevni promet (PLDP) za razdoblje 2007.-2017. godina ............................................................................. 32
IZJAVA O AKADEMSKOJ ČESTITOSTI I SUGLASNOST
Izjavljujem i svojim potpisom potvrđujem kako je ovaj završni rad isključivo rezultat mog vlastitog rada koji se temelji na mojim istraživanjima i oslanja se na objavljenu literaturu što pokazuju korištene bilješke i bibliografija.
Izjavljujem kako nijedan dio rada nije napisan na nedozvoljen način, niti je prepisan iz necitiranog rada, te nijedan dio rada ne krši bilo čija autorska prava.
Izjavljujem također, kako nijedan dio rada nije iskorišten za bilo koji drugi rad u bilo kojoj drugoj visokoškolskoj, znanstvenoj ili obrazovnoj ustanovi.
Svojim potpisom potvrđujem i dajem suglasnost za javnu objavu završnog rada pod naslovom Prometna oprema i zaštita na autocestama
na internetskim stranicama i repozitoriju Fakulteta prometnih znanosti, Digitalnom akademskom repozitoriju (DAR) pri Nacionalnoj i sveučilišnoj knjižnici u Zagrebu.
U Zagrebu, 9.9.2018
Student/ica: Pribanić Ivana
(potpis)
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NÁZOV STAVBY:
ŽSR, Modernizácia trate Žilina – Košice, úsek trate Liptovský Mikuláš – Poprad -Tatry (mimo), 1. Etapa
POPIS PROJEKTU:
Požiadavka modernizácie vybraných železničných tráti ŽSR vychádza z koncepcie európskych dopravných koridorov definovaných na II. Paneurópskej konferencii ministrov dopravy, konanej na Kréte v roku 1994. Nadväzovala na snahy Európskej únie o rozvoj novej železničnej politiky, ktorá by vyjadrovala aj integračné snahy o zjednotenie celého železničného systému, harmonizáciu kvalitatívnych ukazovateľov, zákonomárnych opatrení a zvyšovanie výkonnosti železníc vo všetkých európskych štátoch aj mimo EÚ.
Táto projektová dokumentácia rieši 1. etapu stavby stavby, ktorá je súčasťou koridoru č.V. a to úsek a to úsek Poprad – Štrba.
Hlavnými kritériami modernizácie železničnej infraštruktúry predmetného úseku trate sú:
- Dosiahnutie parametrov vyplývajúcich z dohôd AGC AGTC, predpisu Z10: o zvýšenie traťovej rýchlosti, o zvýšenie priestorovej priechodnosti, o zvýšenie únosnosti železničného spodku, o zvýšenie bezpečnosti prevádzky, o zvýšenie bezpečnosti cestujúcich,
- zvýšenie kultúry, komfortu a plynulosť cestovania,
- zníženie negatívnych dopadov železničnej prevádzky na obyvateľstvo, zlepšenie a skvalitnenie životného prostredia.
Existujúca železničná trať v úseku Liptovský Mikuláš – Poprad (mimo), riešená v rámci 1. etapy, prechádza okresom Poprad, ktorý je administratívne začlenený do Prešovského kraja.
Územie je súčasťou hlavnej rozvojovej osi Slovenska, ktorou prebiehajú koridory dopravnej a technickej infraštruktúry nadregionálneho významu. Územie je zaradené do záväznej časti územného plánu veľkého územného celku Žilinského a Prešovského kraja, kde ako jedna zo záväzných rozvojových úloh v oblasti rozvoja nadradenej dopravnej infraštruktúry je aj modernizácia železničnej trate Liptovský Mikuláš – Poprad (mimo). Zároveň je v návrhu regulatívov územného rozvoja zaradená ako verejnoprospešná stavba dopravnej infraštruktúry.
Samotný návrh modernizácie železničnej trate v úseku Poprad – Štrba sa snaží v maximálne možnej miere využívať existujúcu železničnú trať. Nevyhnutné odchýlky si vyžiadali technické podmienky pri riešení smerových úprav oblúkov trate pre dosiahnutie požadovaných rýchlostných parametrov modernizovanej trate.
Najrozšíranejšia zmena (preložka železničnej trate) v návrhu trasovania modernizovanej železničnej trate s ohľadom na existujúcu železničnú trať je:
- v traťovom úseku Svit – Štrba:
začiatok preložky v šzkm 210,080 (nžkm 210,080) – koniec preložky v šzkm 212,885 (nžkm 212,717) (k. ú. Lučivná)
dĺžka preložky železničnej trate: 2,637 km
Nové zabery územia tvoria okrem uvedených preložiek trate aj zabery vyvolané stavbou mimourovňových krížení, t.j. nadjazdov a podchodov a k nim prislúchajúcich komunikácií.
Významnými stavebno-technickými prvkami, ktoré ovplyvnia architektonický výraz stavby a okolitú krajinu sú jednotlivé objekty, t.j. železničné mosty, cestné nadjazdy, podchody, zárubné a oporné múry, pozemné stavby, protihlukové steny, stožiare trakčného vedenia a elektrických vedení a vegetačné úpravy.
Súčasný stav:
Traťový úsek Poprad – Tatry (mimo) – Štrba je v súčasnej dobe dvojkolajný. Trať je elektrifikovaná jednosmernou trakčnou sústavou 3 kV. Prevádzka na trati je pravostranná s možnosťou jazdy po obidvoch traťových kolážach obidvomi smermi. Traťová rýchlosť je v úseku Poprad – Tatry – Liptovský Mikuláš 100 km/h s miestnymi obmedzeniami. Traťové zabezpečovacie zariadenie univerzálny trojznaký autoblok. Do stavby patria 2 traťové úseky a železničná stanica Svit.
Stavebno-technické riešenie
Stavba 1. Etapy je delená na tieto ucelené časti stavby:
- UČS 401 Traťový úsek Poprad - Svit
- UČS 402 ŽST Svit
- UČS 403 Traťový úsek Svit – Štrba
Úsek, ktorý rieši táto projektová dokumentácia, začína za ŽST Poprad-Tatry v šzkm 200,300 a končí v mieste dočasnej výhybne Lučivná v šzkm 213,168. Dĺžka riešeného úseku je 12,856 km.
V UČS 401 je modernizovaná železničná trať vedená po existujúcom železničnom telese. Rieši sa železničný spodok, železničný zvršok a všetky prislúhajúce prevádzkové súbory a stavebné objekty, ktoré s tým súvisia. Vybuduje sa nové traťové zabezpečovacie zariadenie, nové trakčné vedenie. V časti Veľká sa zruší existujúce priecestie, namiesto neho sa vybuduje podchod pre peších a cestná komunikácia z Teplickej ulice s napojením cez okružnú križovatku na cestu III/xxx. Železničná trať je v úseku Poprad-Svit vedená poprí diaľnici D1. V tejto časti sú riešené clony proti oslneniu, ktorých riešenie si dodatočne vyžiadala NDS.
Okrem toho sú riešené preložky podzemných sietí, ktoré sú v súbehu s traťou alebo ju krížujú.
V UČS 402 je riešená železničná stanica Svit a časť traťového úseku za stanicou až po cestný nadjazd I/18. Dĺžka úseku stanice ŽST Svit je 2 138 m. Ostávajúcich 2 362 m rieši úseky trate priháľaj k ŽST Svit. Nové koľajové usporiadanie obvodu stanice vychádza zo schválenéj dopravnej technológie. V stanici je navrhnutá úplná rekonštrukcia zhlaví a výmena zvršku v hlavných koľajách, koľajach na obchádzanie a zmena zapojenia vlečky Chemosvit. Ostatné koľaje budú rekonštruované v rozsahu potrebnom na napojenie týchto koľají do zhlavia. V ŽST Svit sa zmodernizuje traťové zabezpečovacie zariadenie, oznamovacie zariadenie, staničná budova s potrebnými technologickými miestnosťami. Vybudujú sa dve ostrovné nástupištia a prístup na ne s požiadavkou pre telesne postihnutých. Existujúci podchod pre peších sa prebuduje na požiadavky modernizovanej trate.
V rokoch 2010-2011 počas projekčných prác bol projektant povinný rešpektovať územné rozhodnutie a stavebné povolenie vydané na stavbu „Dialnica D1 Mengusovce-Jánovce, 2.etapa“ ako záväzné a prispôsobiť tomu riešenie svojich objektov. Ako náhrada za zrušené priecestie v žkm 207,146 sa uvažovalo so železničným mostom v obvode ŽST Svit a preložkou cesty III/3064 riešenými v rámci stavby „Dialnica D1 Mengusovce-Jánovce, 2.etapa“. V tomto čase prebiehala realizácia dialnice D1.
Vývoj udalostí spôsobil, že predmetný železničný most a preložka cesty III/3064 realizovaná nebola a NDS ani s jej ďalšou výstavbou v budúcnosti neplánovala. Z tohto dôvodu bolo nutné začleniť do stavby modernizácie železničnej trate prevádzkové súbory a stavebné objekty, ktoré sú nutne potrebné pre hlavnú stavbu modernizácie železničnej trate a neboli zrealizované stavbou dialnice D1. Ich začlenenie do stavby 1. etapy prebehlo v roku 2016 a stali sa súčasťou stavby „ŽSR, modernizácia trate Žilina – Košice, úsek trate Liptovský Mikuláš – Poprad-Tatry (mimo), 1.etapa“. Jedná sa v prvom rade o železničný most, preložku cesty III/3064, jej napojenie na cestu I/18, úprava chodníkov, osvetlenia cesty, preložky inžinierskych sietí, rekonštrukcie priecestia vlečky Chemosvit na ceste I/18, úpravu zabezpečovacej techniky priecestia, cestnú svetelnú signalizáciu na križovatkách a ďalšie súvisiace prevádzkové súbory a stavebné objekty.
Z dôvodov požiadaviek dopravnej technológie vznikne v medzistaničnom úseku Svit – Strba dočasná výhybňa Lučivná, ktorá je potrebná na zabezpečenie stavebných postupov v úseku Svit – Strba, v ŽST Svit a využije sa aj v rámci 2. etapy modernizácie trate Liptovský Mikuláš – Poprad Tatry (mimo).
V rámci UČS 403 sa rieši železničná trať v preložke pri obci Lučivná. Jedná sa o vybudovanie železničného násypu s novým železničným mostom ponad cestu III/xxx. Nová zastávka Lučivná bude umiestnená na násype pred mostom. K nástupištiám sú navrhnuté schodiská a bezbariérový prístup po rampách. Zastávka bude vybavená prístreškami a modernou technológiou v oblasti oznamovacej techniky.
Úsek riešený v rámci 1. etapy končí v mieste dočasnej výhybne Lučivná v ž.km 213,168, kde je modernizovaná trať napojená na existujúcu trať a kde začína 2. etapa stavby s vybudovaním novej ŽST Štrba. V celom úseku riešenej 1. etapy sú riešené protihiľukové steny na zníženie expozície hluku spôsobeného železničnou premávkou v zastavaných oblastiach. Riešené sú aj dodatočné protihiľukové opatrenia, ako výmena okien na budovách. Všade podzíl stavby, kde je to nutné, sa rieši výrub stromov. Jedná sa najmä o drevený podzíl železničného telesa a potom v mieste odklonu v UČS 403. Riešená je náhradná výsadba drevín.
**PREHLÁD ROZHODUJÚCICH UKAZOVATEĽOV:**
**PREHLÁDANÁ TABUĽKA ŽELEZNIČNÝCH MOSTOV:**
| Por. číslo | Číslo SO Staničenie nž.km | Typ nosnej konštrukcie, spôsob zakladania | Dĺžka mosta [m] | Prekážka, krížovanie |
|------------|---------------------------|---------------------------------------------|-----------------|----------------------|
| 1. | 402-33-01 nž.km 205,363 | Žb. doska so zabetónovaný-mi nosníkmi | 13,80 | Hágansky potok |
| 2. | 402-33-02 nž.km 206,358 | Žb. doska so zabetónovanými nosníkmi | 27,76 | Cestná komunikácia III. triedy |
| 3. | 402-33-03 nž.km 206,529 | Žb. rám DZR | 17,25 | Komunikácia pre peších |
| 4. | 402-33-05 nž.km 207,356 | Ocelová konštrukcia s koľajovým lážkom, pod každou koľajou samostatná nosná konštrukcia, plošné základy | 32,7 | rieka Poprad |
| 5. | 402-33-06 nž.km 207,716 | Žb. rám DZR | 9,29 | Komunikácia pre peších |
| 6. | 402-33-07 nž.km 208,246 | Žb. doska so zabetónovaný-mi nosníkmi | 17,02 | Cestná komunikácia III. triedy |
**UČS 403: Traťový úsek Svit - Štrba**
| Por. číslo | Číslo SO Staničenie nž.km | Typ nosnej konštrukcie, spôsob zakladania | Rozpätie pola (polí) [m] | Dĺžka mosta [m] | Prekážka, krížovanie |
|------------|---------------------------|---------------------------------------------|--------------------------|-----------------|----------------------|
| 1. | 403-33-02 nž.km 210,750 | spriahnutá ocelo-betónová nosná konštrukcia so železobetónovou doskou, homá mostovka; pod každou koľajou samostatná nosná konštrukcia; hibinéne základy (vŕtané veľkopriemerové piloty) | 32,0 | 205,85 | terénna nerovnosť, potok Rakovec, cesta III. triedy |
| 2. | 403-33-03 nž.km 211,780 | Žb. prefabrikovaný rám MATIERE | Svetlosť 10,50m | 16,36 | Poľná cesta |
**UČS 401: Traťový úsek Poprad - Svit**
| Por. číslo | Číslo SO Staničenie nž.km | Typ nosnej konštrukcie, spôsob zakladania | Dĺžka mosta [m] | Prekážka, krížovanie |
|------------|---------------------------|---------------------------------------------|-----------------|----------------------|
| 1. | SO 401-33-01 nž.km 201,045 | Prefabrikovaný železobetónový rám, plošné zakladanie | 10,8 | podchod pre verejnosť, v.v. 2,60 m |
**Bilancia materiálu kol'ajového roštu:**
| UČS | Výhybky (ks) | Kol'aje (m) | Dočasné prepojenia (m) |
|-----|--------------|-------------|------------------------|
| | Demontáž | Montáž | Demontáž | Montáž | montáž/demontáž |
| 401 | 0 | 0 | 10 000 | 10 000 | 440/440 |
| 402 | 21 | 15 | 11 311 | 11 431 | 1 262/1 262 |
| 403 | 4* | 4* | 6 708 | 6 400 | 1 600/1 600 |
| Spolu: | 25 | 19 | 28 019 | 27 831 | 3 302/3 302 |
Poznámka: * - zriadenie a zrušenie dočasnej výhybne Lučivná
Hlavný inžinier projektu: Ing. Eva Gregová
VÝKRESY:
Referenčný list stavby:
ŽSR, Modernizácia trate Žilina – Košice,
úsek trate Liptovský Mikuláš – Poprad-Tatry (mimo), 1. Etapa
4/5
Hlavný inžinier projektu:
Ing. Eva Gregová
Referenčný list stavby:
ŽSR, Modernizácia trate Žilina – Košice,
úsek trate Liptovský Mikuláš – Poprad – Tatry (mimo), 1. Etapa
IČO: 31664288
IČ DPH: SK2020485115
OR: Okr. súd Košice 1
Odd: Sa, vš. č.: 366/v
Bankové spojenie
VÚB, a.s., Košice mesto
č.ú.: 61206-512/0200
IBAN: SK08 0200 0000 0000 6120 6512
BIC(SWIFT): SUBASKBX
Hlavný inžinier projektu:
Ing. Eva Gregová
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DRAMA CURRICULUM OVERVIEW 2022/2023
Week
Year/Term
YEAR 7
YEAR 8
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 35 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Autumn 1 | | | | | | | Autumn 2 | | | | | | | Spring 1 | | | | | | | Spring 2 | | | | | | Summer 1 | | | | | | | | |
| Mime • Spatial relationships • Physicality; • Facial Expressions • Body Language • Gestures • Posture • Gait • Eye Contact • Exploration of a stimulus • Total Theatre • Physical Theatre | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Darkwood Manor • Character development • Physical Theatre • Total Theatre • Narration • Soundscapes • Physicality • Vocal Skills • Pitch • Pace • Pause • Tone • Volume • Emphasis • Freeze frame • Transition | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Tableaux and Thought Tracking • Tableaux • Physical Skills • Marking the moment • Split stage • Cross-cutting • Thought tracking | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Staging • Stages; Proscenium Arch, Traverse, In-the-round, Thrust • Stage positioning • Split stage • Cross-cutting • Narration | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
YEAR 9
YEAR 10
YEAR 11
Key themes and basic plot of the
understanding of understanding of
| • Speech tracking • Vocal Skills • Transitions • Narration | | | • Transition • Tableaux • Thought Tracking • Mime • Physical and Vocal Skills | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pantomime • Stock characters and their characteristics • Inspirations and influences (Commedia Dell’Arte) • Heightened performance style • Narration • Asides • Why Fairy tales are the traditional stories • Audience Participation • Physical skills • Vocal skills | | | Teechers • John Godber and his aims • Political Theatre • Stereotypes • Character development • Analysis of a script • Multi-role • Physical skills - heightened • Vocal skills - heightened • Class divide | |
| Monologues (Baseline) | Practitioners Introduction to practical techniques and theories of: • Stanislavski • Brecht • Berkoff • Frantic Assembly | | | Devising (C2) • How to devise from a range of stimulus • Develop a sound piece of devised theatre (10%) • Understand how to succinctly document starting points, research, aims and development of their practical work (20%) • How to analyse and evaluate their rehearsal process and final performance (10%) |
| Blood Brothers • Key understanding of the rubric of the written examination. • Staging configurations • Costume fundamentals • Set design fundamentals | | Scripted Performance (C3) • How to successfully interpret a given script. • Understanding of spatial relationships. • Interpretation of character. • Impact of SCH. • Understanding of style and genre. | | |
YEAR 12
* Lighting fundamentals
* Sound fundamentals
* Understanding of how the context around the characters shapes their arc.
* Extensive vocal and physical skills.
* Audience impact
Live Theatre
* How to analyse performers' use of skills to create an effect.
* Evaluation against the given question.
* Understanding of how skills are used.
* How characters are created.
* Interpretation of scripts.
* Analysis of SCH on characters being performed.
Practitioners
* How to apply interpret and apply the intentions of the playwright.
* Skilled application of physical and vocal skills.
Blood Brothers/Live Theatre
* How to explain contrasts and comparisons of given characters and link these to character developments throughout the play.
* Precise performance skills to realise a chosen interpretation.
* Time keeping and practise.
Scripted Extracts
* Key knowledge of political/social aims, practical theories, and concepts of chosen practitioner/theatre companies with the understanding of how they were shaped by their historical landscape:
* Stanislavski
* Brecht
* Berkoff
* Artaud
* Grotowski
* Frantic Assembly
* DV8
* How to apply an understanding of key performance skills to a given extract.
* How to identify key aims and circumstances in a play and workshop these to achieve a set intention.
* How to successfully take a scene from play to stage.
* Spatial relationships
* Communicate the style and playwright's intentions.
KSAS Revision
Summative revision for written examination.
YEAR 13
Servant to Two Masters/Live Theatre
* Commedia Dell'arte
* Stock Characters:
* Vecci
* Innamorati
* Masters
* Servants
* Masked/unmasked characters
* Lazzi
* 16 th -18 th Century Italy
* Goldoni's influence
* How to interpret a farcical comedy.
* How to develop and perform theatre.
* How to successfully direct actors.
* A sound understanding of how the contemporary and preceding history of Goldoni shaped the play and its characters.
* A highly analytical appreciation of how performers use their skills to interpret scripts and characters.
Devising
* How to create a devised piece based on the theories of chosen practitioner.
* Able to prepare a supporting piece of coursework that documents how the process was shaped by the chosen practitioner.
* How to create and explain detailed dramatic intentions.
* How to successfully evaluate and analyse their own practical/written work.
Scripted Extract
* How to successfully interpret the intentions of the playwright and apply the theories of an appropriate practitioner.
* How to create a structured report that details their process and explains how the interpretation is shaped by a chosen practitioner.
* How the genre/style and context surrounding the play shapes a chosen interpretation.
* How to successfully communicate character and context through an extensive range of performance skills.
* How to successfully workshop a chosen extract in preparation for a final performance.
Servant to Two Masters /Live Theatre
* Development of essay writing and character understanding.
* Understanding of how A View from the Bridge's main themes and character motives were portrayed successfully on stage.
* The impact of the 1950s on the characters in AVFTB.
Exam Revision
* Summative revision for Component 1
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Bugs World 6 Photocopiable Unit 4
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Presents a translation and commentary to the oldest known extant Taoist text, Inward Training (Nei-yeh), which is composed of short poetic verses devoted to the practice of breath meditation and its resultant insights about human nature and the cosmos. Roth argues that Inward Training is the basis of early Taoism, and suggests that there may be more continuity between early philosophical Taoism and later Taoist religion than scholars have thought.
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Cambridge Global English (1-6) is a six-level Primary course following the Cambridge Primary English as a Second Language Curriculum Framework developed by Cambridge English Language Assessment. Activity Book 1 provides additional practice activities to consolidate language skills and content material introduced in Learner's Book 1. Nine units correspond with the topics, texts and language input of Learner's Book 1 with each lesson of the Learner's Book supported by two pages in the Activity Book. Learning is reinforced through activities clearly framed within the 'I can' objectives of the course, opportunities for personalisation and creative work and a higher level of challenge to support differentiation. Each unit in the Activity Book ends with a quiz, offering more in depth assessment for learners.
CEFR Level: towards A1
Cambridge Global English is a nine-stage language-rich course for learners of English as a Second Language, following the Cambridge International Examinations curriculum framework. Teacher's Resource 2 provides step-by-step guidance notes for teachers for each lesson in every unit to support teaching the content of Learner's Book 2. Notes on Activity Book 2 are also included. A unit overview provides a snapshot of lesson objectives and the language and skills covered. The notes include answer keys to activities in the Learner's Book and Activity Book, complete audio scripts, suggestions for differentiation and assessment, cross-curricular links, portfolio opportunities and additional unit-linked photocopiable activities and unit-based wordlists.
The Tiger Time Activity Book offers further skills practice, complementing the Student's Book, and provides activities that support mixed-ability classes. Childrens literacy skills are developed while key language is reinforced.
Big Bugs
Proficiency C2 : Student's Book
Teen2teen
Life Intermediate Teachers Book
Passages Level 2 Student's Book B
An expanding series of short, specialist English courses for different professions, work skills, and industries.
Written for use with the Cambridge Primary Mathematics Curriculum Framework, and endorsed by Cambridge International Examinations, the Cambridge Primary Mathematics series is informed by the most up-to-date teaching philosophies from around the world. It aims to support teachers to help all learners become confident and successful mathematicians through a fun and engaging scheme. Through an investigatory approach children learn the skills of problem solving in the context of other mathematical strands in the course. The course will encourage learners to be independent thinkers with the confidence to tackle a wide range of problems who understand the value and relevance of their mathematics. Classroom discussion is encouraged to help learners become good mathematical communicators, to justify answers and to make connections between ideas. This series is part of Cambridge Maths (www.cie.org.uk/cambridgeprimarymaths), a project between Cambridge University Press and Cambridge International Examinations and is appropriate for learners sitting the Primary Checkpoint test.
Passages, Third Edition, is a two-level, multi-skills course that will quickly and effectively move adult and young-adult learners of English from high-intermediate to the advanced level. Student's Book B comprises the second half (Units 7-12) of the complete Level 2 Student's Book. Each of the Passages, Third Edition, Student's Books have been updated to offer fresh, contemporary content, relevant speaking and listening activities, comprehensive grammar and vocabulary support, enhanced reading skills development, and a step-by-step academic writing strand. Frequent communication reviews will systematically consolidate learning, while the popular Grammar Plus and new Vocabulary Plus sections in the back of the Student's Book provide additional skills support.
Student's book. 1
Advanced
Engaging Activities and Reproducibles to Develop Kids' Higher-level Thinking Skills
Cambridge Global English Stage 2 Activity Book
Study And Master Life Sciences Grade 10 Teacher's Guide
Complete First for Schools is official preparation for the revised 2015 Cambridge English: First (FCE) for Schools exam. This Student's Book combines the very best in contemporary classroom practice with engaging topics aimed at younger students. The information, practice and advice contained in the course ensure that they are fully
prepared for all parts of the test, with strategies and skills to maximise their score. Informed by Cambridge's unique searchable database of real exam candidates' answers, the Cambridge English Corpus, Complete First for Schools includes examples and exercises which tackle common problem areas at this level. The CD-ROM contains grammar and vocabulary exercises for motivating, flexible study. Class Audio CDs, available separately, contain the recordings for listening exercises.
The Split Editions of Life offer 6 units of the Student's Book and 6 units of the Workbook together with all 12 videos from the Student's Book on one DVD as well as the complete Workbook Audio CD. Combo Split A is units 1 ee 6.
Study & Master Life Sciences Grade 10 has been especially developed by an experienced author team for the Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement (CAPS). This new and easy-to-use course helps learners to master essential content and skills in Life Sciences. The comprehensive Learner's Book includes: * an expanded contents page indicating the CAPS coverage required for each strand * a mind map at the beginning of each module that gives an overview of the contents of that module * activities throughout that help develop learners' science knowledge and skills as well as Formal Assessment tasks to test their learning * a review at the end of each unit that provides for consolidation of learning * case studies that link science to real-life situations and present balanced views on sensitive issues. * 'information' boxes providing interesting additional information and 'Note' boxes that bring important information to the learner's attention
Objective First Student's Book with Answers with CD-ROM
Teachers Guide
The short essay. 2
??
81 Fresh & Fun Critical-thinking Activities
Infotech, second edition, is a comprehensive course for intermediate level learners who need to be able to understand the English of computing for study and work. Thoroughly revised by the same author it offers up to date material on this fast moving area. The course does not require a specialist knowledge of computers on either the part of the student or the teacher. The 30 units are organized into seven thematically linked sections and cover a range of subject matter, from Input/output devices for the disabled to Multimedia and Internet issues. Key features of the Teacher's Book: - exhaustive support for the teacher, with technical help where needed - a photocopiable extra activities section - answer key and tapescripts
Cambridge Global English (1-6) is a six-level Primary course following the Cambridge Primary English as a Second Language Curriculum Framework developed by Cambridge English Language Assessment. Activity Book 2 provides additional practice activities to consolidate language skills and content material introduced in Learner's Book 2. Nine units correspond with the topics, texts and language input of Learner's Book 2 with each lesson of the Learner's Book supported by two pages in the Activity Book. Learning is reinforced through activities clearly framed within the 'I can' objectives of the course, opportunities for personalisation and creative work and a higher level of challenge to support differentiation. Each unit in the Activity Book ends with a quiz, offering more in depth assessment for learners. CEFR Level: A1.
Contains suggestions and support material to ensure maximum value from the new My Spelling Workbook series. This title offers a multitude of activities to enable teachers to differentiate spelling for their class.
My Spelling Workbook
Pupil's book / Elisenda Papiol and Maria Toth
Study and Master Life Sciences Grade 11 CAPS Study Guide
Complete First for Schools Student's Book with Answers with CD-ROM
Upstream
Cambridge Global English (1-6) is a six-level Primary course following the Cambridge Primary English as a Second Language Curriculum Framework developed by Cambridge English Language Assessment. Activity Book 3 provides additional practice activities to consolidate language skills and content material introduced in Learner's Book 3. Nine units correspond with the topics, texts and language input of Learner's Book 3 with each lesson of the Learner's Book supported by two pages in the Activity Book. Learning is reinforced through activities clearly framed within the 'I can' objectives of the course, opportunities for personalisation and creative work and a higher level of challenge to support differentiation. Each unit in the Activity Book ends with a quiz or review, offering further assessment for learners. CEFR Level: towards A1.
Designed and written by an English Teacher, this book is a great investment for any TEFL teacher. TEFL DEVIL is a huge collection of 520 worksheets, games and ideas for teaching a range of grammar and vocabulary points. Suitable for low level elementary to upper intermediate and beyond. This book provides well over 60 hours of quality classroom material. Itâs easy to use layout means you can photocopy and go, without the need for lesson plans. The teacherâs page that accompanies each worksheet provides ideas for warmers, games and extra practice.
Effective Academic Writing presents the writing modes and rhetorical devices students need to succeed in an academic setting.
Tiger Time 1 Activity Book
Social Sciences, Grade 4
Book B: Developing Literacy
Secondary Social Studies for Pakistan
Family and Friends, Level 2
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Corso di Formazione - Didattica musicale 0/6
Docenti: Paola Anselmi e Simone Magnoni
MUSICA NELLA PRIMA INFANZIA
Musica e gioco nelle prime fasi della vita e nell'esperienza educativa a Scuola secondo la metodologia di Musica In Culla.
Rivolto a:
Insegnanti di musica, Insegnanti del nido, scuola dell'infanzia e primaria, Operatori musicali, Musicoterapisti, Educatori
Date:
Formazione - 18/19 febbraio (in presenza)
Stage - 24 maggio (fase preparatoria online)
22 al 25 giugno - (fase operativa, in presenza)
25 giugno 2023 - Concerto didattico interattivo
Iscrizioni : QUI
Solo Formazione: entro l'8 febbraio 2023
Formazione + Stage: entro l'8 febbraio 2023
Stage: entro il 14 maggio 2023
SEDE : Scuola Musica Euritmia Piazza Libertà 1, Povoletto, UD
CONTATTI: email@example.com - 366 459 0538
INFO e COSTI: QUI
Comune di
Povoletto
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Hiermit bevollmächtige ich
_______________________________________________________________
Name, Vorname Inhaber Bibliotheksausweis
_______________________________________________________________
Bibliotheksausweisnummer
Herrn / Frau ___________________________________________________
Name der/des Bevollmächtigten
Medien in meinem Namen in der Hochschul- und Landesbibliothek RheinMain anzuholen. Der/die Bevollmächtigte hat sich bei Abholung auszuweisen.
Bei Verlust oder Beschädigung der Medien leiste ich gemäß § 8Abs. 4 der Benutzungsordnung der HLB RheinMain Schadensersatz. Die Vollmacht gilt für zwei Kalenderjahre und kann jederzeit widerrufen werden.
______________
_______________________________________
Ort, Datum
(Unterschrift des Karteninhabers)
[ ] Mit der Speicherung meiner personenbezogenen Daten im Ausleihsystem der Hochschul- und Landesbibliothek RheinMain bin ich einverstanden.
_____________________________________________
Hochschul- und Landesbibliothek RheinMain Ausleihe
Vollmacht zur Abholung von Medien in der HLB RheinMain
Unterschrift der/des Bevollmächtigten
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Factory Physics Fundamentals 3-tages Workshop
Einführung
Wie sieht die perfekte Welt für Manager aus? In dieser Welt sind Servicelevel und Kapitalfluss maximiert: Die gesamte Nachfrage wird zeitpunktgenau, in bester Qualität und zu minimalen Kosten bedient. Bestände an Rohstoffen und Fertigwaren sind Geschichte. Die Auslastung der Kapazitäten ist maximiert, alle Mitarbeiter erscheinen pünktlich und Maschinenausfälle sind kein Thema mehr. Doch das Erreichen dieser perfekten Welt wird durch eine entscheidende Tatsache erschwert: Varianz.
Die Teilnahme am Factory Physics ® Fundamentals Kurs kann Ihnen dabei helfen, bekannte Produktionskonzepte besser zu verstehen und anzuwenden, um bestmöglich mit den gegebenen Varianzen in Produktmix, Nachfrage, Kapazität und Prozessen umzugehen. Factory Physics ® ermöglicht es, bestehende Lean oder Six Sigma Projekte zu fokussieren und zu beschleunigen, kann aber auch ohne vorangegangene Bemühungen sofort umgesetzt werden. Es definiert Maßnahmen, durch deren direkten Einsatz jedes Unternehmen verbesserte Kontrollmechanismen einführen und seine Leistungsfähigkeit verbessern kann. Factory Physics ® erleichtert Ihnen die Produktionsteuerung und die Kontrolle Ihrer gesamten Supply Chain.
Seminarinhalte
Das Factory Physics ® Fundamentals Seminar behandelt folgende Themen:
* Finanzkennzahlen
* Berechnungen von Kapazität und Auslastung
* Schwankungen im Produktionsumfeld
* Optimierung und Verwaltung von Beständen
* Grundlegende Dynamiken in der Fabrik
* Verständnis für Durchlaufzeiten
* Auswirkungen von Schwankungen
* Factory Physics ® Sales and Operations Planning S&OP
Nutzen
Die Teilnehmer werden verstehen, wie man Verbesserungen im eigenen Unternehmen umsetzen kann, für die es meist sehr viele verschiedene Kombinationen an Maßnahmen gibt. Factory Physics ® hilft dabei, die für das Unternehmen am besten geeigneten Bausteine zusammenzuführen, um individuelle Herausforderungen anzugehen:
* Konfliktlösung und Lückenschluss zwischen z.B. Lean Manufacturing, Six Sigma, Theory of Constraints
* Verbesserung von Liefertreue und Cash Flow, Optimierung von Beständen und Reduzierung von Kosten
* Kennenlernen der Factory Physics ® Prinzipien und Tools sowie deren praktische Anwendung
* Lösung konkurrierender Ziele, wie niedrige Bestände und gleichzeitig hohes Service Level
* Fokussierung auf Initiativen zur Leistungssteigerung
* Anwendungsbeispiele der Factory Physics ® Prinzipien in der Praxis
Seminaraufbau
Das Seminar ist intensiv und interaktiv: Praxisübungen, Fallbeispiele, Berechnungen, Vortrag, Diskussion. Es enthält darüber hinaus auch praktische Übungen und Computersimulationen. Praxiserprobte Modelle und Checklisten runden Ihr Wissen ab und unterstützen die erfolgreiche Umsetzung. Wiederholungsübungen für den Inhalt, Wissenstests und weitere Übungen während und am Ende jedes Themenblocks stellen sicher, dass der Trainer Feedback über den Erfolg der Wissensvermittlung erhält. Das Seminar sowie alle Trainingsmaterialien sind in englischer Sprache.
© 2020 PMI Production Management Institute GmbH
1
Factory Physics Fundamentals 3-tages Workshop
Zielgruppe
Factory Physics ® spricht bevorzugt Unternehmen an, die die Qualität der Produktion- und Supply Chain Prozesse erhöhen wollen. Der Kurs wendet sich besonders an Führungskräfte oder Experten aus Supply Chain Operations, Planung und Fertigungssteuerung und -kontrolle, die die Leistungsfähigkeit des Unternehmens verbessern möchten.
Werden Sie Certified in Factory Physics ® Fundamentals
Das Factory Physics ® Fundamentals Seminar ist die offizielle Vorbereitung auf die Prüfung "Certified in Factory Physics ® Fundamentals".
Inhaber der Zertifizierung bescheinigen ihr Wissen, grundlegende Aufgaben eines beliebigen Produktions- und Supply Chain Systems Mithilfe des Factory Physics ® Ansatzes kontrollieren und optimieren zu können.
Über die Bücher
Der wissenschaftliche Ansatz beruht auf dem preisgekrönten Buch Factory Physics ®
und dem erst kürzlich bei McGraw Hill's erschienenen Buch Factory Physics ® for Managers.
Seminargebühren
Onsite €1.950,- (zzgl. MwSt.),
Im Preis enthalten: 3 Tage Training, Trainingsmaterial, Mittagessen und Erfrischungen während der Veranstaltung (Onsite Seminar).
Virtual Classroom€1.800,- (zzgl. MwSt.).
Anmeldung
Sie haben Fragen zur Durchführung? Bitte kontaktieren Sie Frau Christine Matzner: email@example.com
PMI Production Management Institute GmbH
Fraunhoferstr. 22 82152 Planegg (Deutschland) Phone: +49 (89) 857 61 46 https://www.pmi-m.de
© 2020 PMI Production Management Institute GmbH
2
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Titolo: La casa dei battiti
Autore: Giampaolo Seguso
Editore: Editoriale Programma
Anno edizione: 2012
EAN: 9788866431459
La casa dei battiti.pdf [PDF] •
La casa dei battiti.epub [ePUB] •
Quando si parla di battiti accelerati, nella maggior parte dei casi, ci si riferisce a episodi di tachicardia o palpitazioni. Nel primo caso la sensazione, avvertita.
Autore: Jan-Philipp Sendker Titolo: L'arte di ascoltare i battiti del cuore ISBN 978-88-545-0356-4 Pagine 320 Euro 17,00 BATTITI LIVE, DOMENICA LA PRIMA A LECCE Sul palco, con Alan Palmieri e l'attrice Bianca Guaccero, ci saranno Alessandra Amoroso, Max Pezzali, Aston Marrygold. A partire da mercoledì 2 novembre 2005 è disponibile on line e in tutti i negozi la colonna sonora del film Tutti i battiti del mio cuore del regista. La trama e le recensioni di L'arte di ascoltare i battiti del cuore, romanzo di Jan-Philipp Sendker edito da Neri Pozza. Lion - La strada verso casa sarà nei cinema dal 22 dicembre 2016 con Dev Patel e Nicole Kidman. Scopri trama, recensione e trailer. Il cuore «lento»: i pro e contro di vivere con 35 battiti al minuto Quello della ministra Chacón a causa di una patologia pulsava a ritmi troppi bassi. Programmi, oroscopo ed un magazine ufficiale dei dj di radio Norba. VITA NATURALE. Casa naturale, orto e coltivazione, bellezza e cosmesi naturale, ginnastica, yoga, meditazione, viaggi… Guida fiscale per la casa: possesso immobili, acquisto prima casa, immobili in eredità, mutuo acquisto prima casa, mutuo costruzione, affitto immobili.
La crisi che pervase il mondo occidentale dopo la caduta dell'impero romano interessò anche le biblioteche. La prima testimonianza medievale di una nuova biblioteca ... Programmi, oroscopo ed un magazine ufficiale dei dj di radio Norba. Scheda di dettaglio del libro L'arte di ascoltare i battiti del cuore e presentazione autore Il film: Tutti i battiti del mio cuore Uscita: venerdì 11 novembre 2005 Anno produzione: 2005 Ciao a tutti! Qui trovate la lista dei libri che assolutamente vorrei riuscire a leggere…prima o poi! Alcuni li ho già letti e per questi, un po' alla volta ... Il biancospino, cardioprotettiva e antiossidante, è utile per la cura del cuore e del sistema circolatorio. Tutte le proprietà e le controindicazioni Il cuore «lento»: i pro e contro di vivere con 35 battiti al minuto Quello della ministra Chacón a causa di una patologia pulsava a ritmi troppi bassi. Inviata a Casal di Principe E' vissuto da ipocondriaco, con la pistola in una mano e la macchinetta sanitaria che misura i battiti cardiaci dall'altra, Walter Schiavone. Premio Moda Città dei Sassi Al via la 9° edizione del Premio Moda città dei Sassi a cura dell' International Competition for Fashion Designers. Tutti i numeri della smorfia napoletana da 1-90. Significato dei numeri nei sogni e consigli per giocare al lotto e al 10elotto Biografia Lucio Battisti nacque a Poggio Bustone alle
Giampaolo Seguso
numeri nei sogni e consigli per giocare al lotto e al 10elotto Biografia. Lucio Battisti nacque a Poggio Bustone alle 13.30 del 5 marzo 1943 (un giorno dopo rispetto al collega e omonimo Lucio Dalla), nella casa di via Roma 40 ... Casa De Battisti - Cerea(VR) Contatti Login. ACCESSO PORTALE UTENTI Visualizzazione on-line fatture per utenti abilitati. Home; Dove siamo; Contatti. Uffici ... Battiti cardiaci negli anziani: qual è la corretta frequenza cardiaca? La rilevazione dei battiti cardiaci negli anziani è molto importante al fine della ... CASA FAMIGLIA 'BATTITO D'ALI' PARROCCHIA SAN MARCELLO. RESPONSABILE: DON GIANNI DE ROBERTIS. REFERENTI: MAURO LASCA Donati nel 2011: 768,86 euro ( per Arredo per una ... Battito a riposo su Oggettivolanti.it: battito cardiaco, 79 battiti al minuto, quanti sono i battiti cardiaci, numero battiti cardiaci a riposo, frequenza cardiaca a ... La frequenza cardiaca è il numero di battiti del cuore al minuto . Insieme alla temperatura corporea, la pressione sanguigna e il ritmo respiratorio, è una delle ... Visita eBay per trovare una vasta selezione di misuratore battiti. Scopri le migliori offerte, subito a casa, in tutta sicurezza. Visita eBay per trovare una vasta selezione di conta battiti cardiaci. Scopri le migliori offerte, subito a casa, in tutta sicurezza. Kijiji: il servizio di annunci di eBay facile e gratuito. Devi fare spazio in casa? O cerchi di fare un affare nel mercato dell'usato? Kijiji è la piattaforma di ... 'Oggi è arrivata la conferma di ciò che da settimane diciamo e cioè che gli estremismi stanno da un'altra parte e non dalla nostra. Mentre nella nostra coalizione ...
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ΥΠ.Π.Ε.Θ.
Δ/νση: (317) - Δ/ΝΣΗ Δ.Ε. ΕΒΡΟΥ
ΓΕΝ. ΛΥΚ. ΔΙΔΥΜΟΤΕΙΧΟΥ (ΚΩΔ. 1152010)
Επιτυχόντες Αποφοίτων Γενικού Λυκείου και ΕΠΑΛ Ομάδας Β 2017 (10% ΑΠΟΦΟΙΤΟΙ 2015)
Υποψηφ.
14072477
10064671
Ίδρυμα
ΤΕΙ ΘΕΣΣΑΛΙΑΣ
ΠΑΝ. ΙΩΑΝΝΙΝΩΝ
| Επώνυμο | Όνομα | Όν. Πατρός | Όν. Μητρός | Σχολή Επιτυχίας |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΚΟΥΤΡΟΥΜΑΝΟΥ | ΣΤΑΜΑΤΙΑ | ΠΑΥΛΟΣ | ΤΡΙΑΔΑ | ΝΟΣΗΛΕΥΤΙΚΗΣ (ΛΑΡΙΣΑ) |
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Centreville Elementary School
Centreville Public Schools
Mrs. Rebecca Stauffer, Administrator P.o. Box 158 Centreville, MI 49032-0158
Document Generated On January 16, 2019
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1
2
3
Overview
Plan Name
School Improvement Plan 18-19
Plan Description
SIP Plan and Goals for the 18-19 School Year
Centreville Elementary School
© 2019 Advance Education, Inc. All rights reserved unless otherwise granted by written agreement.
Page 1
Goals Summary
The following is a summary of the goals encompassed in this plan. The details for each goal are available in the next section.
#
1
2
3
4
5
6
Centreville Elementary School
Page 2
Goal 1: Math: All students at Centreville Elementary will be proficient in mathematics.
Measurable Objective 1:
56% of First, Second, Third, Fourth, Fifth and Sixth grade students will demonstrate a proficiency by Level 3 or 4 on statewide assessment or on benchmark with local assessment in Mathematics by 06/15/2018 as measured by State assessment data and Local assessments, including STAR Math. .
Status
Met
Not Met
Met
Not Met
Met
Not Met
Not Met
Met
Strategy 1:
Assessment - Assessment: STAR math and module assessments from Eureka Math will be utilized to determine strengths and weaknesses of all students (1-6) and to determine effectiveness of instruction, curriculum, and local assessments as aligned to CCSS. State assessment item analysis will be utilized to target standards of weakness to inform instruction and to determine the level of understanding of CCSS content for all students to further support instructional needs as enrichment, reinforcement, and intervention.
The ISD is guiding us through the implementation of Illuminate as a data warehouse.
Centreville Elementary School
© 2019 Advance Education, Inc. All rights reserved unless otherwise granted by written agreement.
Page 3
Centreville Elementary School
Category: Mathematics
Research Cited: Pyramid Response to RtI, PLCs, and How to Respond When Kids Don't Learn (Aug. 08) and Simplifying
the RtI: 4 Essential Guiding Practices (Oct. 2011): both books from Mike Mattos and Austin Buffin
Data Driven Decision Making by Deb Wahlstrom (Oct. 2002 with updated materials from Data Coach
Training in Aug. 2010)
Dr. Robert Marzano, "Formative Assessments and Standards Based Grading: Classroom Strategies that
Work", Nov. 2009
National Common Core Standards, July 2010
Tier: Tier 1
Status
N/A
N/A
N/A
Responsibl
Administrati curriculum
math team teachers K-
leaders. All teachers,
education
title, special and support
Centreville Elementary School
Page 4
Centreville Elementary School
Status
In Progress
In Progress
In Progress
Responsibl
Teachers of
Mathematic
Administrati
Status
In Progress
In Progress
Responsibl
Centreville Elementary School
Page 5
Centreville Elementary School mathematic
administrati
s staff and
Status
In Progress
In Progress
Completed
In Progress
Responsibl
All staff K-3
grade math and 4-6th
teachers, administrati
curriculum
Status
Not
Completed
In Progress
Centreville Elementary School
Page 6
In Progress
Responsibl administrati
curriculum
Status
In Progress
Responsibl instruction.
ta Support
Teacher/Da
Curriculum
Status
In Progress
Strategy 2:
Instruction - Instruction: Teachers will use instructional strategies (vocabulary, writing, and incorporating more higher order thinking and real world applications as found in the Eureka Math curriculum) to improve mathematics instruction.
Centreville Elementary School
© 2019 Advance Education, Inc. All rights reserved unless otherwise granted by written agreement.
Page 7
Category:
Research Cited: Dr. Robert Marzano's "Art and Science of Teaching" (July 2007)
Robert Marzano "Building Vocabulary: 6-Step Method of Teaching Vocabulary." (July 2005)
Marzano's "Classroom Instruction That Works" (May 2007)
Common Core National Standards (July 2010)
Bloom's Taxonomy (1956, 1990, etc.)
Eureka Math
Tier:
Responsibl
Administrati curriculum
instructiona
Status
Not
Completed
In Progress
Responsibl
Centreville Elementary School
Page 8
Centreville Elementary School administrati
curriculum
Status
In Progress
In Progress
Responsibl teaching
Title 1 aide
Status
In Progress
In Progress
Responsibl
Centreville Elementary School
Page 9
Centreville Elementary School
Administrati curriculum
all teaching
director and
Status
In Progress
Not
Completed
Not
Completed
In Progress
In Progress
Responsibl
Administrati instructiona
Status
Completed
Completed
Responsibl
Centreville Elementary School
Page 10
Centreville Elementary School
Curriculum instructiona
Status
In Progress
Responsibl
Administrati
on, Title 1
Responsibl instructiona
curriculum
Strategy 3:
Curriculum Alignment - Teachers will fully implement the Eureka Math curriculum in grades K-6. Curriculum is aligned to CCSS.
Category:
Centreville Elementary School
© 2019 Advance Education, Inc. All rights reserved unless otherwise granted by written agreement.
Page 11
Centreville Elementary School
Research Cited: Larry Ainsworth "Rigorous Curriculum by Design", 2002
Wiggins "Understanding by Design Guide to Creating Quality Units", July 2005
Common Core State Standards, July 2010
Eureka Math, 2012
Tier: Tier 1
Status
N/A
Responsibl
All staff K-3
and 4th-6th teachers,
administrati as well as,
curriculum
Status
In Progress
Responsibl
Centreville Elementary School
Page 12
Centreville Elementary School
Administrati curriculum
teachers of
mathematic
Status
Not
Completed
Goal 2: ELA: All students at Centreville Elementary will be proficient Writers.
Measurable Objective 1:
52% of Kindergarten, First, Second, Third, Fourth, Fifth and Sixth grade students will demonstrate a proficiency Level 3 or 4 on statewide assessment or a 3.0 average on district rubrics in English Language Arts by 06/15/2018 as measured by statewide assessment and district rubrics..
Status
Not Met
Not Met
Not Met
Not Met
Not Met
Strategy 1:
Curriculum - Teachers will adjust/align the writing curriculum to create a guaranteed and viable curriculum which aligns with the Common Core using resources incorporated in the Reading Street program while still incorporating additional resources. The writing curricular will be sequenced, organized, and embedded in ELA Centreville Elementary School Page 13
curriculum maps that include the reading standards. The curriculum will direct instruction to improve student achievement.
Category: English/Language Arts
Research Cited: Larry Ainsworth "Rigorous Curriculum by Design", 2002 Wiggins "Understanding by Design Guide to Creating Quality Units", July 2005 Common Core
State Standards, July 2010
Tier: Tier 1
Responsibl curriculum
Status
In Progress
In Progress
Responsibl
Administrat teachers,
curriculum
available.
Centreville Elementary School
Page 14
Strategy 2:
Assessment - All teachers will implement CCSS aligned rubrics (narrative, persuasive and informative) that assess student achievement in writing. Data from rubrics will guide the writing curriculum and instructional strategies to meet the needs of students in our multi-tiered system of support.
Category: English/Language Arts
Research Cited: Pyramid Response to RtI, PLCs, and How to Respond When Kids Don't Learn (Aug. 08) and Simplifying the RtI: 4 Essential Guiding Practices (Oct. 2011): both books from Mike Mattos and Austin Buffin Data Driven Decision Making by Deb Wahlstrom (Oct. 2002 with updated materials from Data Coach Training in
Aug. 2010) Dr. Robert Marzano, "Formative Assessments and Standards Based Grading: Classroom Strategies that Work", Nov. 2009 CCSS Tier: Tier 1
Responsibl administrati
Status
In Progress
In Progress
Responsibl website.
Centreville Elementary School
Page 15
Rubrics rubrics.
Responsibl teachers,
administrati curriculum
instructiona
Responsibl
Administrati curriculum
instructiona
Strategy 3:
Instruction - Teachers will revisit and utilize research-based instructional strategies (common graphic organizers, literary elements organizers, and identification of key vocabulary to support writing instruction and small group instruction) to improve writing instruction. Teachers will also utilize small group differentiated instruction to meet the instructional needs of a multi-tiered system for reinforcement, intervention, and enrichment of all students.
Category: English/Language Arts
Research Cited: Dr. Robert Marzano's "Art and Science of Teaching" (July 2007) Robert Marzano "Building Vocabulary: 6-Step Method of Teaching Vocabulary." (July 2005) Marzano's "Classroom Instruction That Works" (May 2007) Common Core National Standards (July 2010) Bloom's Taxonomy (1956, 1990, etc.)
Tier: Tier 1
Centreville Elementary School
© 2019 Advance Education, Inc. All rights reserved unless otherwise granted by written agreement.
Page 16
Centreville Elementary School
Responsibl
Title 1 staff, administrati
1 director on and Title
**Additional funding for
general ed.
staff will be
Status
In Progress
Responsibl
Administrati instructiona
Status
In Progress
Responsibl
Centreville Elementary School
Page 17
© 2019 Advance Education, Inc. All rights reserved unless otherwise granted by written agreement.
teaching
Centreville Elementary School administrati
resources.
instructiona
Responsibl administrati
administrati on, building
instructiona
Responsibl
Administrati
on, Title 1
Responsibl
Centreville Elementary School
Page 18
Centreville Elementary School
Administrati curriculum
Goal 3: Social Studies: All students at Centreville Elementary will become proficient at Social Studies.
Measurable Objective 1:
50% of Kindergarten, First, Second, Third, Fourth, Fifth and Sixth grade students will demonstrate a proficiency by Level 3 or 4 on statewide assessment in Social Studies by 06/15/2018 as measured by state wide assessment.
Status
Not Met
Not Met
Not Met
Not Met
Strategy 1:
Instruction - Teachers will use best practices in instructional strategies (vocabulary instruction, differentiation, writing in social studies, and higher order learning) to improve social studies instruction.
Category:
Research Cited: Dr. Robert Marzano's "Art and Science of Teaching" (July 2007) and "Classroom Instruction that Works" (May 2007)
Robert Marzano "Building Vocabulary: 6-Step Method of Teaching Vocabulary" (July 2005)
Common Core State Standards: ELA Writing within Science and SS (2011)
Bloom's Taxonomy (1956,1990, etc.)
Tier:
Centreville Elementary School
Page 19
Centreville Elementary School
Responsibl
All teachers administrati
curriculum
Status
In Progress
Responsibl
All teachers administrati
curriculum
Status
In Progress
Responsibl
Centreville Elementary School
Page 20
Centreville Elementary School
Title 1 staff, on, Title 1
administrati
**Remainin implementa
g cost for tion will be
covered by
Status
In Progress
Responsibl
Administrati instructiona
Status
In Progress
Responsibl
Centreville Elementary School
Page 21
Centreville Elementary School administrati
administrati on, building
instructiona
Status
Responsibl among
Administrati instructiona
Strategy 2:
Assessment - Teachers is grades K-2 will use assessments within the Reading Street curriculum where it addresses science content. Teachers in grades 3-6 will continue to use local assessments. Assessment data will be used to inform instruction, support students in a multi-tired system of support, and communicate to parents.
Category:
Research Cited: Pyramid Response to RtI, PLCs, and How to Respond When Kids Don't Learn (Aug. 08) and Simplifying the RtI: 4 Essential Guiding Practices (Oct. 2011): both books from Mike Mattos and Austin Buffin Data Driven Decision Making by Deb Wahlstrom (Oct. 2002 with updated materials from Data Coach Training in Aug. 2010) Dr. Robert Marzano, "Formative Assessments and Standards Based Grading: Classroom Strategies that Work", Nov. 2009 Tier:
Responsibl
Centreville Elementary School
Page 22
Centreville Elementary School
All teachers administrati
curriculum
Status
In Progress
In Progress
Responsibl
All teachers studies and
administrati
Status
In Progress
Responsibl
All teachers studies and
administrati
Centreville Elementary School
Page 23
Centreville Elementary School
Status
In Progress
Strategy 3:
Curriculum - Teachers will continue to modify and align curriculum to Michigan GLCEs with Curriculum Crafter, Michigan Citizenship Curriculum, on line resources and local text resources to create a guaranteed and viable curriculum. The curriculum will be sequenced and organized into curriculum maps and a scope and sequence to improve student achievement.
Category:
Research Cited: Larry Ainsworth, "Rigorous Curriculum by Design", 2002 Wiggins "Understanding by Design Guide to Creating Quality Units", July 2005 MDE Social Studies documents
Tier:
Responsibl
All teachers administrati
curriculum
Status
In Progress
Goal 4: ELA: All students at Centreville Elementary will be proficient Readers.
Measurable Objective 1:
Centreville Elementary School
© 2019 Advance Education, Inc. All rights reserved unless otherwise granted by written agreement.
Page 24
76% of Kindergarten, First, Second, Third, Fourth, Fifth and Sixth grade students will demonstrate a proficiency by Level 3 or 4 on statewide assessment and/or benchmark status with Dibels Next or STAR assessments in English Language Arts by 06/29/2018 as measured by state assessment data in ELA, STAR and/or Dibels Next..
Status
Not Met
Not Met
Not Met
Not Met
Not Met
Not Met
Met
Not Met
Strategy 1:
Assessment - Teachers will implement and utilize universal and diagnostic screeners to target all students in reading for multi-tiered levels of support. Data from local assessments and screeners will determine the instructional strategies needed to meet the needs of students in our multi-tiered system of support.
We are implementing our third year of Reading Street with many types of the assessments available. We will continue to implement the assessments on line and extend our learning in using the data.
Illuminate is available through the ISD, but staff have not yet been trained.
Category: English/Language Arts
Research Cited: Pyramid Response to RtI, PLCs, and How to Respond When Kids Don't Learn (Aug. 08) and Simplifying the RtI: 4 Essential Guiding Practices (Oct. 2011): both books from Mike Mattos and Austin Buffin
Data Driven Decision Making by Deb Wahlstrom (Oct. 2002 with updated materials from Data Coach
Training in Aug. 2010)
Dr. Robert Marzano, "Formative Assessments and Standards Based Grading: Classroom Strategies that
Centreville Elementary School
© 2019 Advance Education, Inc. All rights reserved unless otherwise granted by written agreement.
Page 25
Work", Nov. 2009
Tier: Tier 1
Status
N/A
Responsibl
Administrati
Curriculum
Instructiona
Improveme
Status
In Progress
In Progress
Responsibl
Centreville Elementary School
Page 26
Centreville Elementary School
Instructiona administrati
curriculum
Status
In Progress
In Progress
Responsibl administrati
Status
Completed
Not
Completed
Not
Completed
In Progress
Responsibl
Centreville Elementary School
Page 27
Centreville Elementary School administrati
administrati on, building
curriculum
Status
In Progress
Responsibl
Curriculum
Status
In Progress
Responsibl instruction.
ta Support
Teacher/Da
Curriculum
Centreville Elementary School
Page 28
Status
In Progress
Strategy 2:
Curriculum - Teachers will implement the Reading Street and My Sidewalks curriculum.
Category:
Research Cited: Larry Ainsworth "Rigorous Curriculum by Design", 2002
Wiggins "Understanding by Design Guide to Creating Quality Units", July 2005
Common Core State Standards, July 2010
Tier: Tier 1
Responsibl administrati
curriculum
Status
In Progress
Responsibl
Centreville Elementary School
Page 29
Centreville Elementary School
Title 1, SE
staff, and
Status
Not
Completed
Responsibl
Administrati instructiona
Strategy 3:
Instruction - Teachers will revisit and utilize research-based instructional strategies (common graphic organizers, literary elements organizers, and identification of key vocabulary) to improve reading instruction.. These initiatives will continue to be supported with the tools being implemented from the Rewiring the Brain, Differentiated Instruction, and Dr. Robert Marzano vocabulary instruction techniques. Teachers will also utilize center based learning and differentiation to meet the instructional needs of a multi-tiered system for reinforcement, intervention, and enrichment of all students.
Category: English/Language Arts
Research Cited: Dr. Robert Marzano's "Art and Science of Teaching" (July 2007)
Robert Marzano "Building Vocabulary: 6-Step Method of Teaching Vocabulary." (July 2005)
Marzano's "Classroom Instruction That Works" (May 2007)
Common Core National Standards (July 2010)
Bloom's Taxonomy (1956, 1990, etc.)
Tier:
Centreville Elementary School
© 2019 Advance Education, Inc. All rights reserved unless otherwise granted by written agreement.
Page 30
Essential #3
Status
Not
Completed
In Progress
Responsibl instructiona
administrati curriculum
Status
In Progress
Centreville Elementary School
Page 31
© 2019 Advance Education, Inc. All rights reserved unless otherwise granted by written agreement.
Responsibl instructiona
administrati curriculum
teaching
STAR/AR.
Responsibl
Title 1 staff, on and Title
administrati
1 director
**Additional needed for
implementa staff) will be
covered by
Status
In Progress
Responsibl
Administrati instructiona
Status
In Progress
In Progress
Centreville Elementary School
Page 32
Responsibl instructiona
Responsibl
Teachers
Curriculum
ISD trainers
Responsibl
District and administrati
instructiona
Centreville Elementary School
Page 33
Status
Completed
Responsibl
Administrati on, Title 1
Title 1 Lead
year.
Status
In Progress
Strategy 4:
Family Engagement - Increase literacy K-6 through increasing family engagement by increasing parent understanding of importance of literacy and how to support their children.
Category: English/Language Arts
Research Cited: MDE/GELN Essential #10: Collaboration with Families to Improve Literacy
Category: English/Language Arts
Research Cited: MDE/GELN Essential #10: Collaboration with Families to Improve Literacy
June 2017
Tier: Tier 1
Responsibl
Centreville Elementary School
Page 34
Centreville Elementary School
Administrati on, literacy
instructiona
Responsibl
Administrati on, literacy
instructiona
Goal 5: Science: All students will be proficient in science
Measurable Objective 1:
50% of Fifth grade students will demonstrate a proficiency on state assessment in Science by 06/15/2018 as measured by proficiency on 4th Grade state wide assessment..
Status
Not Met
Not Met
Not Met
Not Met
Centreville Elementary School
Page 35
Centreville Elementary School
Strategy 1:
Instruction - Teachers will use instructional strategies (Marzano 6 step vocabulary, writing within science, differentiation, hands on, and higher order learning) to improve science instruction. Grades 5/6 will utilize the BCAMSC kits
Category:
Research Cited: Dr. Robert Marzano's "Art and Science of Teaching" (July 2007) and "Classroom Instruction that Works" (May 2007)
Robert Marzano "Building Vocabulary: 6-Step Method of Teaching Vocabulary" (July 2005)
Common Core State Standards: ELA Writing within Science and SS (2011)
Bloom's Taxonomy (1956,1990, etc.)
Tier: Tier 1
Responsibl administrati
curriculum
Status
In Progress
In Progress
Responsibl
Centreville Elementary School
Page 36
Centreville Elementary School
All teaching administrati
curriculum
Status
In Progress
Responsibl
Title 1 staff, on, Title 1
administrati
**Remainin implementa
g cost for tion will be
covered by
Status
In Progress
Responsibl
Centreville Elementary School
Page 37
Centreville Elementary School
Administrati instructiona
Status
In Progress
In Progress
In Progress
Responsibl among
Curriculum administrati
instructiona
Responsibl administrati
instructiona
Centreville Elementary School
Page 38
Centreville Elementary School
Status
Responsibl
Curriculum
in 2nd grade.
Strategy 2:
Assessment - Teachers is grades K-2 will use assessments within the Reading Street curriculum where it addresses science content. Teachers in grades 3-4 will continue to use local assessments. 5/6 Teacher will use assessments and writing journals from BCMSC kits. Assessment data will be used to inform instruction, drive RtI, and communicate to parents.
Category:
Research Cited: Pyramid Response to RtI, PLCs, and How to Respond When Kids Don't Learn (Aug. 08) and Simplifying the RtI: 4 Essential Guiding Practices (Oct. 2011): both books from Mike Mattos and Austin Buffin Data Driven Decision Making by Deb Wahlstrom (Oct. 2002 with updated materials from Data Coach Training in Aug. 2010) Dr. Robert Marzano, "Formative Assessments and Standards Based Grading: Classroom Strategies that Work", Nov. 2009 Tier:
Responsibl administrati
curriculum instructiona
Centreville Elementary School
Page 39
Status
Responsibl
All science instructiona
administrati curriculum
Responsibl
All Science administrati
Strategy 3:
Curriculum - Teachers will continue to modify and align curriculum to Michigan GLCEs until Next Generation Science Standards become implemented. We will use curriculum resources in grades K-2 by integrating within the Reading Street curriculum. 3-4 will continue to utilize and update present science units built to the Michigan GLCEs and later NGSS. Grades 4-6 will continue implementation of BCMSC kits as funds and professional development become available.
Category:
Research Cited: Larry Ainsworth, "Rigorous Curriculum by Design", 2002
Wiggins "Understanding by Design Guide to Creating Quality Units", July 2005
MDE Science Documents, Science Curriculum Companion Documents
Centreville Elementary School
© 2019 Advance Education, Inc. All rights reserved unless otherwise granted by written agreement.
Page 40
Tier:
Responsibl
All science instructiona
administrati curriculum
resource.
Status
In Progress
In Progress
Responsibl
All teachers administrati
of science, curriculum
Status
Not
Completed
In Progress
Centreville Elementary School
Page 41
Centreville Elementary School
Responsibl
Teachers,
Administrati curriculum
Status
In Progress
Responsibl
Curriculum
Superinten
Goal 6: Behavior: All students will follow the behavior matrices to be safe, respectful and responsible.
Measurable Objective 1:
90% of All Students will demonstrate a behavior that is safe, respectful and responsible in and outside of the classroom allowing them and their peers to be actively engaged at all times in their learning. Students actively engaged will increase their skills in Reading by 06/01/2019 as measured by SWIS behavioral data and Dibels screener.
Centreville Elementary School
Page 42
Strategy 1:
MiBLSi - As part of the district MiBLSi project, staff will be trained on the project components of MiBLSi:
relationship between behavior and literacy
clear behavioral expectations
behavioral interventions
MiBLSi district and building leadership team will be trained in the implementation of MTSS (Literacy and Behavior) to support all staff.
Category: Learning Support Systems
Research Cited: Tobin, T. (2010). Reference List for Using Data for Decision-Making. SWISTM Documentation Project.
Kalberg, J.R, Lane, K.L., & Menzies, H.M. (2010). Using systematic screening procedures to identify students who are nonresponsive to primary prevention efforts: Integrating academic and behavioral measures. Education and Treatment of Children, 33, 561-584.
Tier: Tier 1
Responsibl on, district
Responsibl
Centreville Elementary School
Page 43
Centreville Elementary School on, district
Centreville Elementary School
Page 44
Activity Summary by Funding Source
Below is a breakdown of your activities by funding source
No Funding Required
Responsibl
All science instructiona
administrati curriculum
administrati
Administrati instructiona
Slips
Title I Part A
Responsibl mathematic
administrati
s staff and
Centreville Elementary School
Page 45
Administrati on, literacy
instructiona
Title 1 staff, on and Title
administrati
1 director
**Additional needed for
implementa staff) will be
covered by
Title 1 staff, on, Title 1
administrati
**Remainin implementa
g cost for tion will be
covered by
Centreville Elementary School
Page 46
Centreville Elementary School
Title 1 staff, administrati
1 director on and Title
**Additional funding for
general ed.
staff will be
Title 1 aide
Title 1 staff, on, Title 1
administrati
**Remainin implementa
g cost for tion will be
covered by
Section 31a
Responsibl
Centreville Elementary School
Page 47
SWIS
District will purchase the SWIS Behavioral Data
Professiona
Centreville Elementary School
Administrati on, district
Teacher/Da
Curriculum ta Support
Principal
Administrati on, Title 1
Teacher/Da
Curriculum ta Support
Principal
Curriculum administrati
Director, instructiona
Administrati
Director, on, Title 1
Title 1 Lead
Administrati
Director, on, Title 1
Page 48
© 2019 Advance Education, Inc. All rights reserved unless otherwise granted by written agreement.
Tier 1
06/01/2018 06/30/2019 $2000
Administrati on, district
Teachers
Curriculum
ISD trainers
Curriculum instructiona
instructiona curriculum
Curriculum instructiona
Title II Part A
Responsibl
Centreville Elementary School
Page 49
© 2019 Advance Education, Inc. All rights reserved unless otherwise granted by written agreement.
Coaching
Collaborative Coaching
Rubrics
Coaching
Standards
Staff will work together to build a collaborative
Teacher
Tier 1
Getting
08/01/2018 06/30/2019 $500
Curriculum administrati
instructiona teachers,
administrati curriculum
instructiona instructiona
administrati curriculum
Curriculum instructiona
administrati curriculum
instructiona
Centreville Elementary School
Page 50
Assessment Alignment
Teachers is 4-6 will work towards alignment
Warehouse
Professiona
Tier 1
Implement
09/01/2014 06/30/2019 $1000
All teachers administrati
curriculum
Administrati curriculum
instructiona administrati
curriculum
Administrat teachers,
curriculum
Curriculum
Superinten
Teachers,
Administrati curriculum
Centreville Elementary School
Page 51
Administrati instructiona
administrati instructiona
administrati administrati
on, building curriculum
Curriculum
Administrati curriculum
instructiona
Administrati curriculum
Warehouse
Alignment of
Standards
Instruction
Centreville Elementary School
Page 52
(MTSS)
Teachers
Curriculum
ISD trainers
All teachers administrati
curriculum
Administrati on, literacy
instructiona
General Fund
Responsibl administrati
curriculum administrati
Centreville Elementary School
Page 53
Increase use of
Teachers will continue to use technology in the
Technology Tier 1
Implement
09/15/2014 06/30/2019 $1000
Administrati instructiona
on, and
Administrati curriculum
All teachers studies and
administrati
Administrati curriculum
all teaching director and
administrati administrati
on, building instructiona
All teaching administrati
curriculum instructiona
administrati curriculum
Centreville Elementary School
Page 54
© 2019 Advance Education, Inc. All rights reserved unless otherwise granted by written agreement.
Technology classroom to support and reinforce curriculum.
BCMSC Kits
Use of Data
Technology
Title 1, SE
staff, and
All teachers administrati
curriculum
Administrati instructiona
All staff K-3
grade math and 4-6th
teachers, administrati
curriculum
Administrati curriculum
math team teachers K-
leaders. All teachers,
education
title, special and support
Centreville Elementary School
Page 55
Vocabulary
Local
Math
All teachers studies and
administrati administrati
administrati on, building
instructiona
All teachers administrati
of science, curriculum
administrati curriculum
Teachers of
Mathematic
Administrati
Centreville Elementary School
Page 56
District and administrati
instructiona
Administrati instructiona
administrati curriculum
Instructiona administrati
curriculum
All science instructiona
administrati curriculum
Centreville Elementary School
Page 57
© 2019 Advance Education, Inc. All rights reserved unless otherwise granted by written agreement.
Tickets
All teachers administrati
curriculum
Administrati curriculum
teachers of mathematic
All Science administrati
instructiona administrati
curriculum
Administrati instructiona
Centreville Elementary School
Page 58
Centreville Elementary School curriculum
Administrati
Curriculum
Instructiona
Improveme
All staff K-3
and 4th-6th teachers,
administrati as well as,
curriculum
Administrati instructiona
Other
Responsibl
Centreville Elementary School
Page 59
© 2019 Advance Education, Inc. All rights reserved unless otherwise granted by written agreement.
Curriculum
Centreville Elementary School
Administrati on, Title 1
Title 1 Lead
Administrati on, Title 1
Administrati instructiona
Administrati on, Title 1
Curriculum
Centreville Elementary School
Page 60
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Getting Started in Construction Management Software
After being slower than most industries to adopt technology, the use of tech in construction has seen a boon in the last 18 months. From construction software to BIM to robotics and drones, the ROI has been proven including benefits in project delivery times, productivity, safety, and reduced re-work.
Still, choosing a platform can be daunting. A quick search of "construction document management" yields countless results of vendors, review sites, and definitions; it's an overload of information.
One sector of construction technology widely being implemented is construction project and document management software. These tools allow you to not only store drawings, but manage them and always keep your teams up to date with real-time sync. As companies of all sizes begin to investigate and use technology in the field, the question becomes not will the firm move on from paper, but when.
skysite.com
To help you get started, we've compiled the top tips on how to choose and implement a construction software platform, as well as a checklist to help you determine and rank your needs. This will help you prioritize factors such as the right tools for your firm, customer support, mobility, pricing, security and more. Armed with the knowledge of what you truly need, you are better prepared to find the right software partner, and not be tempted by bells and whistles that go unused.
1
Tips to Choose
Don't get overwhelmed by the numerous construction document management options that are available. By following these 11 tips, you'll be able to narrow down the field, prioritize and find the platform that is best for you.
1. Always check references. Discussing with other users how they are utilizing available tools and what they like or don't like will provide critical insight to selecting a software.
2. Include the various users in your staff in the evaluation to ensure you find a tool that meets their requirements, gains their buy-in, and is a solution they will use every day.
3. Test and interview. Always sign-up for a free trial and make sure to use it on your laptop and mobile. Ease of use is the most critical factor that contributes to adoption rates.
4. During the testing phase, establish a business objective and baseline for assessing ROI.
5. Think about what your immediate needs are, but also how you'd scale the technology in the future. You don't need to buy all the features upfront. Start with what you need and know what you can live without. Don't be tempted by a fancy, pricey package, as many of those features end up going unused. This will help you narrow down which vendors might be the right fit for you
6. Have a strategy ready to go. Companies who adopt construction tech with no formal workflows and processes in place see more difficulties during implementation and see slow gains. Companies who have formal workflows and processes in place will see quicker adaption and ROI.
skysite.com
7. Don't choose something because "everyone has it," or "it's cool." Identify your challenges and then research what tech solution will solve those challenges.
8. Don't buy a generic solution. Make sure you choose an app that is specifically for your industry and understands your needs and challenges.
9. Find out what training and customer support is available. Choose a provider who offers customer support when and where you need it.
10. Don't choose a solution that will dictate your processes for you, pick a versatile solution. Find one that goes from one project to the next without hassle so you can focus on more important project tasks.
11. Consider using a consultant versed in the industry and construction technology options available to help select a platform.
2
Tips to Implement
Being prepared, having a plan, and exercising patience are the keys to a smooth roll out of new software. Employing the tips below, including tips from current construction software users, will also lead to a faster and easier adoption.
1. Have your project managers pilot it first. This will allow them to become familiar with the software and be able to answer questions post training.
2. Be transparent and address workers' concerns early in the process. Inform them how the technology will impact workflows and may change their daily routine. Let them know the timing and length of their training.
3. Provide training before your team is required to use it in the field. Be understanding, different team members will pick up the technology faster than others.
4. Scale as you learn. Implement features and tools in increments. This will help your staff from being overwhelmed at trying to learn too much at once.
skysite.com
5. Evaluate and adjust. Once your program is up and running, routinely check in on your teams to evaluate and distinguish what is working and what is not, as well as any tools that aren't being used and why. Plan a course of action such as additional training, workflow revisions, etc.
6. Develop and provide easy to read tips that your team can reference for common tasks or commonly used features.
7. Encourage use of the provider's customer support tools. Most software companies have numerous ways to find answers, be it chat, phone, email or resource libraries.
3
Prioritizing what you need
Armed with what you need to know when researching construction management software, you can now use the checklist below to evaluate and analyze your priorities and needs. At the end, you can plot your top needs and features to determine the construction software direction best for your company.
skysite.com
4
Construction Document Management Priority Summary:
Use this chart to determine the best construction software direction for your company.
skysite.com
SKYS-DS-0119-01
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Álbmotválljejuvvon lahtuid buhtadus ja goluidgokčan láhkaásahus Forskrift om folkevalgtes godgjøring og dekning av utgifter 2024-2027
Innhold
§ 1 Formål og hjemmel
Formålet med forskriften er å sikre folkevalgte godtgjøring og utgiftsdekning i forbindelse med sine kommunale tillitsverv, i henhold til kommuneloven. Forskriften skal tydeliggjøre hvilke kriterier Karasjok kommune legger til grunn for slik godtgjøring og utgiftsdekning, og hvem som omfattes av ordningen. Forskrift for godtgjøring vedtas av kommunestyret innen 30. juni det året det avholdes valg til kommunestyre og fylkesting
§ 2 Virkeområde
a) Forskriften gjelder for kommunestyret og representanter oppnevnt av kommunestyret eller annet lovlig folkevalgt organ.
c) Forskriften gjelder heller ikke i tilfeller hvor organet det oppnevnes medlemmer til, har egne bestemmelser, så langt disse ligger innenfor kommunelovens bestemmelser.
b) Forskriften gjelder ikke for ansatte oppnevnt i kraft av sin stilling, eller for tillitsvalgte som er oppnevnt for å ivareta de ansattes interesser.
§ 3 Generelle bestemmelser
a) Denne forskriften skal i sin helhet revideres før oppstart av ny valgperiode. Sittende kommunestyre skal vedta neste valgperiodes forskrift.
c) Godtgjørelsen er oppgave- og skattepliktig
b) Godtgjørelsen er en kompensasjon for arbeid som utføres i vervet som folkevalgt. Folkevalgte mottar ikke lønn, men godtgjørelse, det vil si at utbetalingen ikke gir rett til feriepenger.
d) Alle prosentsatser relaterer seg til ordførerens godtgjøring.
§ 4 Godtgjørelsesbestemmelser
§ 4-1 Regler for godtgjørelse
a) Møtegodtgjørelser ytes for alle formelt innkalte møter og befaringer i kommunal regi
c) Invitasjoner hvor representanten ikke har møteplikt godtgjøres normalt ikke
b) For «beslektede møter» som avvikles uten vesentlig opphold ytes bare en møtegodtgjøring. (Eks. på slik kan være formannskapsmøter som avvikles umiddelbart før eller etter et kommunestyremøte.)
d) Det gis ikke møtegodtgjørelse ved deltakelse på seminarer og lignende som ikke innbefatter forberedelse til møtet, eller hvor man er innkalt av ordfører/utvalgsleder særskilt
e) Det gis ikke møtegodtgjøring til gruppeledermøter, partipolitiske møter og lignende
§ 4-2 Godtgjørelser for ordfører
a) Ordføreren frikjøpes på heltid. Ordførerens arbeidsgodtgjørelse settes lik 95 % av Stortingsrepresentantenes godtgjørelse og justeres tilsvarende ved inngangen til ny budsjettperiode.
c) Ordføreren skal til enhver tid være tilknyttet kommunens pensjonsordning for folkevalgte.
b) Ordføreren gis samme rett til sosiale ordninger som sykelønn og foreldrepermisjon som ansatte i kommunen
d) Ordfører omfattes av gruppelivsforsikring, yrkesskade og ulykkesforsikring
e) Ordfører tilstås ikke dekning av telefonutgifter. Ordfører får utdelt tjeneste telefon.
f) Ordfører tilstås dekning av privat bredbånd.
g) Det utbetales ikke møtegodtgjørelse til ordfører.
§ 4-3 Godtgjørelser for varaordfører
a) Varaordførerens godtgjørelse skal utgjøre 22% ordførerens godtgjørelse.
c) Varaordfører tilstås ikke dekning av telefonutgifter. Varaordfører får utdelt tjeneste telefon.
b) Når varaordfører fungerer som ordfører på heltid, mottar vedkommende samme godtgjørelse som ordfører for denne perioden.
d) Det utbetales ikke møtegodtgjørelse og/eller tapt arbeidsfortjeneste til varaordfører.
§ 4-4 Faste godtgjørelser
Følgende tilstås fast årlig godtgjørelse i % av ordførerens arbeidsgodtgjørelse:
5%
Formannskapets faste medlemmer 7%
Hovedutvalgsledere
Kontrollutvalgets leder
5%
Leder i utmarksutvalget
5%
Ledere i utvalg tilstås ikke møtegodtgjørelse.
§ 4-5 Møtegodtgjørelse
kr 700
Møtegodtgjørelsen tilfaller varamedlemmer når disse møter.
§ 4-6 Godtgjørelse for stemmestyret og valgmedarbeidere
Medlemmer av stemmestyret i forbindelse med Stortingsvalg, kommune- og fylkestingsvalg gis en godtgjøring på kr 300 pr. time. Leder av stemmestyret gis en godtgjøring på kr 350 pr. time. Godtgjørelsen omfatter opplæring, rigging og valgdagsgjennomføring.
Valgmedarbeidere gi en godtgjøring på kr. 250,- pr. time.
§ 5 Tapt arbeidsfortjeneste
§ 5-1 Ved dokumentert tap.
Ved dokumentert tap godtgjøres lønnsmottakere for faktisk tapt arbeidsfortjeneste, inntil kr. 3500,- pr. møtedag inkl. feriegodtgjørelse.
Tapt arbeidsfortjeneste må dokumenteres når kravet fremmes. Som dokumentasjon godkjennes erklæring fra arbeidsgiver for trekk i lønn eller kvittering for utgifter til stedfortreder, attestert av arbeidsgiver.
Arbeidsgiver kan eventuelt fremme krav om refusjon for fravær direkte til Karasjok kommune etter avtale. Dette for å hindre at den folkevalgte taper pensjonsrettigheter, samt at opplysningene som leveres til A-ordningen er korrekt.
Selvstendig næringsdrivende godtgjøres med inntil 3500,- pr. møtedag. Tap per dag blir utregnet etter personlig brutto årsinntekt fra året før, dividert med 1950 timer. Grunnlaget for beregninger er attestert ligningsutskrift eller en egenerklæring med utregning av inntektstap. Kommunedirektøren skal godkjenne framlagt dokumentasjon på beregnet grunnlag for tapt arbeidsfortjeneste.
§ 5-2 Udokumentert tap
Ulegitimert erstatning gis for dekning av tap i inntekter som av praktiske årsaker vanskelig lar seg dokumentere. For å kunne fremme krav om ulegitimert erstatning må den folkevalgte:
Krav om erstatning fremmes skriftlig og erstatningen begrenses til tidsrommet den folkevalgte ivaretok sitt verv. Erstatning ytes med kr 260,- pr time, inntil kr. 2000 pr. dag
§ 5-3 Refusjon av utgifter til omsorgsoppgaver
Folkevalgte kan få dekket utgifter til barnepass eller andre omsorgsoppgaver i forbindelse med pliktig deltakelse i offentlige verv. Utgifter til barnepass kan dekkes for barn opp til 12 år.
Faktiske utgifter refunderes, begrenset oppad til kr. 800,- pr. møte ut ifra kvittering på at beløp er utbetalt.
§ 6 Dekning av reiseutgifter
Nødvendige reiseutgifter i forbindelse med møter de folkevalgte blir innkalt til, dekkes etter det til enhver tid gjeldende kommunale reiseregulativ.
Reiseutgifter er innberetningspliktig.
Reiseregninger skal sendes inn senest 1 måned etter gjennomført reise.
Ved representasjonsoppdrag, befaringer og kurs/konferanser som er pålagt av kommunestyret/formannskapet eller utvalg gis det ikke møtegodtgjørelse, men evt. tapt arbeidsfortjeneste når slike oppdrag faller utenfor planlagt/vedtatte møter i de ulike utvalgene.
§ 7 Utbetalinger
Politisk godtgjørelse, tapt arbeidsfortjeneste og reiseregninger utbetales den 12. sammen med ordinær avlønning av kommunalt ansatte.
Følgende regler gjelder for utbetaling av godtgjørelser:
Møtegodtgjørelsen utbetales etterskuddsvis, måneden etter møtet er gjennomført.
De faste godtgjørelsene utbetales med 1/12 hver måned.
Dersom et medlem med fast godtgjørelse deltar i mindre enn 2/3 av antall oppsatte utvalgsmøter i året, reduseres den fastsatte godtgjørelsen med 50 %.
§ 9.Ettergodtgjøring
Ordfører har etter søknad krav på ettergodtgjøring ved valgperiodens utløp i inntil 3 måneder fra fratredelsen av vervet som ordfører, jf. kommuneloven § 8-6.
En søknad om ettergodtgjøring fremsettes for kommunedirektør og avgjøres av kommunestyret selv på bakgrunn av reglene i denne forskrift og kommuneloven § 8-6.
Utbetalingen av godtgjørelsen stopper fra det tidspunkt vedkommende trer inn i lønnet heltidsarbeid. Dersom vedkommende trer inn i lønnet deltidsarbeid avkortes godtgjørelsen forholdsmessig. Dersom den nye stillingens lønn utgjør mindre enn det vedkommende hadde i kommunen, utbetales differansen ut årsskiftet
12 % av ordførers årshonorar fungerer som ordførers feriepenger, og bør ikke være gjenstand for avkortning fra ettergodtgjøring. Dette for å sikre at fratrådte ordførere minimum får utbetalt nok ettergodtgjøring til å dekke feriepenger året etter fratredelse fra vervet.
Fratrådt ordfører kan dermed i sin søknad om ettergodtgjøring disponere beløp tilsvarende 12 % av sitt årshonorar, for utbetaling i januar påfølgende år.
Beløpet kommer ikke i tillegg til 3 måneders ettergodtgjøring, men er definert slik for å sikre at ettergodtgjøringen ikke skal bli avkortet 100 %, ved overgang til stilling som betaler mer enn ordførers månedshonorar. Fratrådt ordførers ettergodtgjøring og feriepenger skal ikke i sum samlet overstige 3 måneders ettergodtgjøring.
§ 10 Revisjon og tolking av forskriften
Karasjok kommunestyre foretar revidering av denne forskriften. Redaksjonelle endringer og indeksjusteringer delegeres til kommunedirektøren.
Utvalg bestående av 3 representanter fra kommunestyret reviderer forskriften slik at den er vedtatt innen utgangen av juni valgåret 2027
Avgjørelse av tolkningsspørsmål, samt å ta stilling til enkelttilfeller som ikke fanges tilstrekkelig opp av forskriften delegeres til formannskapet.
§ 11 Ikrafttreden
Forskriften trer i kraft xx.xx.2024
Disse er fjernet:
DEKNING AV TELEFONUTGIFTER
Telefonutgifter dekkes etter følgende satser:
Kommunestyremedlemmer (faste) kr 400 pr. år
Ordfører og varaordfører tilstås ikke dekning av telefonutgifter.
KOMMUNAL RAPPORT
Gruppeleder i hvert parti/liste får ett eksemplar av Kommunal Rapport.
TILSKUDD TIL LOKALE POLITISKE PARTIER
Lokale registrerte partier tilstås tilskudd til politisk virksomhet i valgår for kommunevalget med inntil kr 15 000 pr parti.
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SIMSBURY FARMS MEN'S CLUB BOARD OF DIRECTORS MEETING MINUTES
Wednesday, July 11, 2018 Simsbury Farms Locker Room
Attendees:
Directors:
Bob Primmer, Steve Hess, Greg Werk, John Kuzia, Ron Patterson, George Alexander, Andy Waggoner, Reggie Zurinskas and Mike Gillis.
Gerry Wetjen and Peter Adamowicz were absent.
Members: Ed Maloney.
Don Lockyer and Pat Egan were absent.
Andy Waggoner called the meeting to order at 7:07pm.
NOTE: AUG. 8 BOD Meeting will be at Manny's Family Pizza at 6PM (dinner optional)
The June, 2018 Meeting Minutes were approved.
Treasurer's Report:
* 180 actual members to date verses 160 members budgeted.
* The June, 2018 Treasurer's report was approved.
Committee Reports:
Membership:
* Due to the surplus income from 20 additional members, a discussion was held to move the annual closer awards event to an outside venue. Andy & Peter will explore Riverview (too expensive), Manny's Pizza and possibly First & Last Tavern in Avon.
* An alternative suggestion was made to reward tournament participation with a free tournament fee with prizes.
Tournament:
* Discussion was held re changing the format of the Club Championship to match play from current medal play. Members will be surveyed at the end of the season for their preference.
* The InterClub matches between SF and HMCC are scheduled for July 22 nd at HMCC (RAINED OUT) and August 25 th at Simsbury Farms. eVites have been sent to the prospective participants.
* The tournament committee will make a recommendation for the proper procedure to withdraw from a tournament once the tournament has started.
* The Spring Round Robin has been rescheduled for the weekend of September 29/30. A vote was held and these dates were approved.
Tee Sign Program: Acura of Avon and UpTop Barber shop have expressed interest in sponsoring a tournament event. Bob Primmer and Mike Gillis are currently working with them to iron out the details.
Simsbury Bank and Fred Astaire Dance Studio to date have not paid their invoices for 2018.
FUNDING REQUESTS: No update
Other Committees/Subcommittees:
* Greens & Grounds Committee: No update
* Entertainment: No update.
* Rules Committee: No update.
* Recognition Committee: The Simsbury Open has been renamed in Gerry Toner's honor and special recognition will include a framed engraved SF Flag Award from Imagine It
Framed and induction into the SFMC Hall of Fame
-Sean Henderson has been awarded a CSGA Weddy Neal Scholarship
-Upcoming Director vacancies and a proposed slate for the October Membership meeting will be presented at the August meeting.
* Handicap: No update
* Communication: No update.
The next meeting is scheduled for 6:00 PM, Wednesday, August 8 th at Manny's Simsbury Pizza.
Meeting adjourned @ 8:14pm
Submitted by: Michael J. Gillis, Secretary, SFMC, Inc.
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Comunicazione Ambientale di ARPAV, con le seguenti funzioni:
valutazione delle azioni educative;
ARTICOLO 6 - TAVOLO PROVINCIALE
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København 12.02.12
Bestyrelsen må meddele at Formand Maria Magdalena Watzl har valgt at fratræde sin post, af personlige årsager. Maria har været formand for DBL siden begyndelsen af 2009 og har i sin tid, som formand stået i spidsen for to vel afholdte Danske mesterskaber i cocktail og flair. Begge mesterskaber afholdt i selvstændige rammer for at skabe maksimal opmærksomhed for de danske bartendere. Maria har også skabt masser af gode forbindelser til hendes kollegaer i de forskellige andre laug rundt om i verden og vil også der i gennem uden tvivl blive savnet. Maria er indforstået med en kort overlevering til bestyrelsen og næstformand Jesper Juul, som overtager Formands posten til næste generalforsamling. Den årlige Generalforsamlig forventes stadig afholdt i marts/april måned og der indkalders derfor ikke til ekstra ordinær generalforsamling, pga den korte tidsperiode. Bestyrelsen ønsker Maria Magdalena Watzl held og lykke i fremtiden og takker hende for hendes frivillige indsats i Dansk Bartender Laug.
Ønsker du yderligere information firstname.lastname@example.org
Alt det bedste fra bestyrelsen
Kirsten Holm, Jesper Juul, Helle Aslak, Kim Hass og Kasper Glensted
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Polski Oddział Światowego Stowarzyszenia Wiedzy Drobiarskiej
The Polish Branch of World’s Poultry Science Association
XXXIII MIĘDZYNARODOWE SYMPOZJUM DROBIARSKIE
PO WPSA
“NAUKA PRAKTYCE – PRAKTYKA NAUCE”
XXXIII INTERNATIONAL POULTRY SYMPOSIUM PB WPSA
“SCIENCE TO PRACTICE – PRACTICE TO SCIENCE”
MATERIAŁY KONFERENCYJNE
CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS
WROCŁAW, POLAND
20-22.09.2023
ISBN 978-83-967387-2-1
Sponsorzy, patroni honorowi i medialni
sponsorzy
ORLEN
Agri Plus
IBMM
GEN VET
PETERSIME
HatchTech
Royal Pas Reform
NOVUS
Aviagen
AGROLOK
media partnership
animals
an Open Access Journal by MDPI
poultry
an Open Access Journal by MDPI
agriculture
an Open Access Journal by MDPI
INDYK POLSKI
HODOWCA DROBIU
XXXIII MIĘDZYNARODOWE SYMPOZJUM DROBIARSKIE
PO WPSA
„NAUKA PRAKTYCE – PRAKTYKA NAUCE”
XXXIII INTERNATIONAL POULTRY SYMPOSIUM PB WPSA
“SCIENCE TO PRACTICE – PRACTICE TO SCIENCE”
WROCŁAW, POLAND
20-22.09.2023
Komitet Konferencyjny/Conference Committee:
prof. Ewa Łukaszewicz – Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy we Wrocławiu – przewodnicząca/Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences - chairwomen
prof. Artur Kowalczyk – Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy we Wrocławiu – przewodniczący/Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences - chairman
prof. Krzysztof Kozłowski – Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski - Prezes PO WPSA/ University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn - President of PB WPSA
dr Stanisław Budnik – Novus Polska Sp. z o.o – vice-prezes Zarządu PO WPSA/ Novus Poland - vice-president of PB WPSA Board
dr Marcin Lis – Uniwersytet Rolniczy w Krakowie – sekretarz Zarządu PO WPSA/ Agricultural University in Kraków – secretary o PB WPSA Board
prof. Alicja Kowalczyk – Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy we Wrocławiu – członek Komitetu/Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences – Committee Member
dr.. Anna Jerysz – Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy we Wrocławiu – członek Komitetu/Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences – Committee Member
dr Joanna Rosenberger – Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy we Wrocławiu – członek Komitetu/Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences – Committee Member
mgr inż. Marcel Bawej – Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy we Wrocławiu – członek Komitetu/Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences – Committee Member
mgr inż. Elżbieta Gałęska – Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy we Wrocławiu – członek Komitetu/Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences – Committee Member
mgr inż. Marta Michalak – Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy we Wrocławiu – członek Komitetu/Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences – Committee Member
Agnieszka Grześk - VERUS - Związek Hodowców Zwierząt i Producentów Sektora Rolno-Spożywczego – Stowarzyszenie/VERUS The Animal Breeders and The Producers of Agri-Food Sector – the Association
Ladies and Gentlemen,
Dear Participants of the XXXIII International Poultry Science Symposium PB WPSA
We have the honor and pleasure to welcome you to the XXXIII International Poultry Science Symposium of the Polish Branch of the World Poultry Science Association (PB WPSA) organized by Poultry Breeding Department of the Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences together with the Board of PB WPSA.
The main goal of the Symposium is to gather scientists, breeders, veterinarians, producers and practitioners related to the broadly understood poultry farming and production. Poultry raw materials will continue to dominate the domestic and global markets, providing consumers with raw materials and products rich in animal protein, which is extremely valuable and essential in the human diet. Animal welfare is increasingly becoming very important and competitive factor in many stages of poultry farming and production. Any improvement in management, welfare, breeding and production can provide a significant contribution. Problems related to poultry production are of particular concern to Poland, which for several years has been Europe's largest exporter of poultry meat, as well as a valued producer of table eggs.
The invited plenary speakers are experts in the field of breeding, nutrition, prophylaxis and poultry production and will familiarize you with the latest achievements and problems related to these issues, these are:
- Krzysztof Damaziak, PhD, DSc - Warsaw University of Life Sciences - “Egg sexing - current technological challenge in poultry production”,
- Prof. Sylwester Świątkiewicz, PhD, DSc and Anna Arczewska-Wlosek, PhD - National Research Institute of Animal Production - “Recent advances and trends in poultry nutrition research,
- Anna Woźniak-Biel, PhD, DSc, VMD - Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences - “Avian Influenza - old problem and new challenges”,
- Eugeniusz Wencek, PhD - National Poultry Council – Chamber of Commerce, Poznań - “Poultry breeding and production in Poland”.
The issues raised in the plenary papers will be supplemented by the reports presented in four thematic Scientific Sessions:
- Biological Basis of Breeding and Poultry Production,
- Quality of Poultry Products,
- Prevention in Poultry Production,
- Poultry nutrition.
The Symposium also gives students and young scientists an opportunity to present the results of their research to a wide audience from universities, scientific institutes and practitioners as part of Jerzy Będkowski Young Scientists Competition.
An excellent platform for exchanging the experiences and addressing the most sensitive issues is also the Discussion Panel - Current Trends and Challenges in Polish and European Poultry Production, led by an outstanding scientist, prof. Jan Jankowski, PhD, DSc, dr h.c. multi.
We hope that plenary lectures, Participants' presentations and discussions will give a chance and the opportunity to exchange knowledge, experience and information between scientists, poultry breeders, producers and practitioners, that participation in this Symposium will also contribute to establishing new, fruitful contacts and cooperation.
Please also remember that Wrocław, where the Symposium takes place, is one of the most beautiful cities in Poland, full of charming, unforgettable places worth seeing, therefore we strongly encourage you to visit and admire its beauty.
Members of the Conference Committee and many other people responsible for the organization of the Symposium made every effort to make it successful, fruitful and meet your expectations, therefore we would like to thank them most sincerely for their effort and commitment. Our special and sincere thanks are due to our invaluable Sponsors, Honorary and Media Patrons and the professional organizer - the VERUS Association for great support, help, conflict-free, excellent cooperation and organization. Without their support and help, organizing the Symposium in this form would not be possible.
in the name of Organizers
Ewa Łukaszewicz
Chair of the Conference Committee
Szanowni Państwo,
Drodzy Uczestnicy XXXIII Międzynarodowego Sympozjum Drobiarskiego PO WPSA
Mamy zaszczyt i przyjemność powitać Państwa na XXXIII Międzynarodowy Sympozjum Drobiarskim Polskiego Oddziału Światowego Stowarzyszenia Wiedzy Drobiarskiej (PO WPSA), zorganizowanym przez Zakład Hodowli Drobiu Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego we Wrocławiu wraz z Zarządem PO WPSA.
Głównym celem Sympozjum jest zgromadzenie naukowców, hodowców, lekarzy weterynarii, producentów i praktyków związanych z szeroko pojętą hodowlą i produkcją drobiarską. W dalszym ciągu surowce drobiowe będą dominować na krajowym i światowych rynkach dostarczając konsumentom produkty bogate w niezwykle wartościowe i niezbędne w diecie człowieka białko pochodzenia zwierzęcego. Dobrostan zwierząt w coraz większym stopniu staje się kluczowym i decydującym czynnikiem na wielu etapach hodowli i produkcji drobiu. Wszelkie problemy związane z produkcją drobiarską w szczególny sposób dotyczą Polski, która od paru lat jest największym w Europie eksporterem mięsa drobiowego, a także cenionym producentem jaj konsumpcyjnych.
Zaproszeni prelegenci plenarni są ekspertami w zakresie hodowli, żywienia, profilaktyki i produkcji drobiarskiej i zapoznają Państwa z najnowszymi osiągnięciami i problemami dotyczącymi tych zagadnień, są to:
- dr hab. Krzysztof Damaziak - Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie - „Seksowanie jaj – aktualne wyzwanie technologiczne w produkcji drobiarskiej”,
- prof. dr hab. Sylwester Świątkiewicz i dr Anna Arczewska-Włosek - Instytut Zootechniki - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy w Krakowie - „Aktualne trendy i osiągnięcia w badaniach z zakresu żywienia drobiu”,
- dr inż. Eugeniusz Wencek - Krajowa Rada Drobiarstwa - Izba Gospodarcza, Dział Hodowli i Oceny Drobiu - „Hodowla i produkcja drobiu w Polsce”,
- dr hab. lek. med. Wet. Anna Woźniak-Biel - Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy we Wrocławiu - „Grypa ptaków – stary problem, nowe wyzwania”.
Uzupełnieniem tematyki poruszanej w referatach plenarnych będą doniesienia prezentowane na czterech tematycznych Sesjach Naukowych:
- Biologiczne Podstawy Hodowli i Produkcji Drobiarskiej,
- Jakość Produktów Drobiarskich,
- Profilaktyka w Produkcji Drobiarskiej,
- Żywienie drobiu.
Sympozjum daje również szansę studentom i młodym naukowcom zaprezentowania przed szeroką publicznością ze środowisk akademickich, instytutów naukowych i praktyków, wyników swoich badań w ramach Konkursu Młodych Badaczy im. Jerzego Będzkowskiego.
Doskonałą platformą wymiany doświadczeń i poruszania najbardziej newralgicznych problemów jest również Panel dyskusyjny – „Aktualne Trendy i Wyzwania w Polskiej i Europejskiej Produkcji Drobiarskiej”, prowadzony przez wybitnego naukowca prof. dr hab. Jana Jankowskiego, dr h.c. multi.
Mamy nadzieję, że wykłady plenarne, prezentacje Uczestników oraz dyskusje dadzą szansę i możliwość wymiany wiedzy, doświadczeń i informacji pomiędzy naukowcami, hodowcami drobiu, producentami i praktykami, że udział w Sympozjum przyczyni się także do nawiązania nowych, owocnych kontaktów i współpracy.
Proszę też pamiętać, że Wrocław, w którym odbywa się Sympozjum, to jedno z najpiękniejszych miast w Polsce, pełny urokliwych, niezapomnianych miejsc wartych zobaczenia, dlatego gorąco zachęcamy wszystkich Państwa do odwiedzania i podziwiania jego piękna.
Członkowie Komitetu Konferencyjnego oraz wiele innych osób odpowiedzialnych za organizację Sympozjum dokołały wszelkich starań aby było ono udane, owocne i spełniło Państwa oczekiwania, dlatego pragniemy im złożyć NAJSERDECZNIEJSZE PODZIĘKOWANIA za włożony trud i zaangażowanie. Szczególne podziękowania składamy naszym nieocenionym Sponsorom, Patronom Honorowym i Medialnym oraz profesjonalnemu organizatorowi – Stowarzyszeniu VERUS za doskonałą współpracę i organizację. Bez ich wsparcia i pomocy zorganizowanie Sympozjum w takiej formie nie byłoby możliwe.
w imieniu Organizatorów
Ewa Łukaszewicz
Przewodnicząca Komitetu Konferencyjnego
XXXIII MIĘDZYNARODOWE SYMPOZJUM DROBIARSKIE PO WPSA
XXXIII INTERNATIONAL POULTRY SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM PB WPSA
Wrocław, 20-22.09.2023
PROGRAM/ PROGRAMME
ŚRODA/ WEDNESDAY (20.09.2023)
10.00-13.30 Rejestracja uczestników/ Participants registration
12.00-13.45 Obiad/ Lunch (restauracja hotelowa/ hotel restaurant)
14:00-14.15 Otwarcie Sympozjum/ Opening Ceremony
prof. dr hab. Krzysztof Kozlowski - Prezydent PO WPSA
President of PB WPSA
prof. dr hab. Ewa Łukaszewicz – Przewodnicząca Komitetu Konferencyjnego
Chairwoman of Conference Committee
14.15-15.00 Uroczystość nadania godności Honorowego Członka Polskiego Oddziału WPSA
Conferring the Honorary Membership of PB WPSA
– prof. dr hab. Antoni Brodacki
laudator: prof. dr hab. Justyna Batkowska
– prof. dr hab. Jan Niemiec, dr h. c.
laudator: dr hab. Krzysztof Damaziak
– inż. Piotr Paszkowski
laudator: dr hab. Marcin Lis, prof. uczelni
15.00-15.15 Rozstrzygnięcie IX Konkursu na Najlepszą Pracę Dyplomową z Zakresu Drobiarstwa
Announcing of the Winners of the Competition for the Best Thesis on Poultry Science
15.15-15.45 Przerwa kawowa/ Coffee break
15.45-16.15 Wykład plenarny/ Plenary lecture
Dr inż. Eugeniusz Wencek
Hodowla i produkcja drobiu w Polsce
Poultry breeding and production in Poland
KONKURS MŁODYCH BADACZY IM. JERZEGO BĘDKOWSKIEGO
JERZY BĘDKOWSKI YOUNG SCIENTISTS COMPETITION
Moderatorzy/ Moderators: dr hab. Marcin Lis, prof. uczelni
dr hab. Sebastian Kaczmarek, prof. uczelni
16.15-16.30 M. R. Aslam, P. Szymkowiak, B. Kierończyk, D. Józefiak
Wpływ wybranych tłuszczów w dietach broilerów na wyniki wzrostu, współczynniki strawności i jakość mięsa
Effects of Selected Dietary Fat Inclusion in Broiler Diets on Growth Performance, Digestibility, and Meat Quality
16.30-16.45 P. Ciborowska, M. Michalczuk, A. Matuszewski, A. Zalewska, K. Zglińska, D. Bień
Wpływ muzyki relaksacyjnej na wyniki odchowu i dobrostan kurcząt rzeźnych
*Effect of relaxation music on rearing performance and welfare of chickens*
16.45-17.00 A. Marzec, P. Solek, K. Ognik, J. Jankowski
Wpływ wczesnego podania antybiotyku lub żywienia indyków dietą zawierającą kokcydiostatyk na współgranie osi jelitowo-mózgowej oraz poziom wybranych hormonów i możliwe konsekwencje dla dobrostanu zwierząt
*Effect of feeding diet containing coccidiostat and antibiotics administration to turkeys on the interplay of the gut-brain axis, hormones levels and the level of selected hormones and possible consequences for animal welfare*
17.00-17.15 S. Napierkowska, P. Froment, A. Kowalczyk, A. Partyka
Wpływ niskich i wysokich stężeń imidaklopridu na parametry ruchliwości i charakterystykę plemników kogutów
*Effect of low and high concentrations of imidacloprid on motility parameters and characteristics of chicken spermatozoa*
17.15-17.30 K. Olejnik, E. Popiela, D. Konkol, M. Korczyński, I. Tikasz, T. Banhazi, S. Opaliński
Projekt LivestockSense a bariery w wykorzystaniu narzędzi ICT na fermach drobiu
*LivestockSense project vs barriers to the use of information and communication tools on poultry farms*
17.30-17.45 P. Szymkowiak, M. R. Aslam, B. Kierończyk, D. Józefiak
Wpływ zastosowania wybranych tłuszczów paszowych w dietach brojlerów na mikrobiotę jelitową
*The effect of selected dietary fat inclusion in broiler diets on selected gastrointestinal tract microbiota*
17.45-18.00 J. Urban, M. Michalczuk, A. Lange, D. Bień, A. Matuszewski, A. Jaroszek, S. Jaworski
Ocena właściwości prebiotycznych koncentratu włókna surowego
*Evaluation of the prebiotic properties of crude fibre concentrate*
18.15 Walne zebranie członków PO WPSA – I termin
18.30 Walne zebranie członków PO WPSA - II termin
19.30-21.00 Kolacja bufetowa/ *Buffet dinner*
21.00 Drumbastic – Bębny i taniec/ *Drumbastic – Drums and dancing*
22.00 Rozgrzewka naukowa: NAUKA-MEDIA-RZECZYWISTOŚĆ - o wolności słowa w nauce, cenzurze i autocenzurze
*Science warm-up: SCIENCE-MEDIA-REALITY - about freedom of speech in science, censorship and self-censorship*
CZWARTEK/ THUSDAY (21.09.2023)
Sesja naukowa - ŻYWIEŃIE DROBIU
Scientific session - POULTRY NUTRITION
Moderatorzy/ Moderators: prof. dr hab. Dorota Jamroz, dr h.c. multi
dr inż. Anna Arczewska-Włosek
9.00-9.45 Wykład plenarny/ Plenary lecture
Prof. dr hab. Sylwester Świątkiewicz i dr inż. Anna Arczewska-Włosek
Aktualne trendy i osiągnięcia w badaniach z zakresu żywienia drobiu
Recent Advances and Trends in Poultry Nutrition Research
9.45-9.55 M. U. Asghar, Q. U. A. Sajid, M. Wilk, D. Konkol, M. Korczyński
Metody przetwarzania soi: wpływ na strawność białka oraz redukcję emisji azotu do środowiska
Soybean Processing Methods: Impact on Protein Digestibility and Environmental Nitrogen Reduction
9.57-10.07 L. S. Bassi, M. Hejdysz, P. Kolodziejski, A. Smith, J. O. B. Sorbara,
A. Cowieson, S. Kaczmarek, B. Svihus
Porównanie efektywność trawienia, u kurcząt brojlerów i świń, żywionych różnymi źródłami skrobi
Comparing the effectiveness of starch digestion between broiler chickens and pigs fed different starch sources
10.09-10.19 S. Fallahi, L. Bobak, M.U. Asghar, S. Opaliński
Przygotowanie kannabidiolu i parametry produkcyjne kur niosek
Cannabidiol preparation and production parameters of laying hens
10.21-10.31 D. Konkol, E. Popiela, M. Augustyńczyk, S. Fallahi, C. Ceccopieri, J. Madej,
M. Korczyński
Wykorzystanie lewanu w żywieniu kur nieśnych
The use of levan in laying hens nutrition
10.40-11.00 Przerwa kawowa/ Coffee break
Sesja naukowa - ŻYWIEŃIE DROBIU
Scientific session - POULTRY NUTRITION
Moderatorzy/ Moderators: prof. dr hab. Jan Niemiec, dr h.c.
dr inż. Damian Konkol
11.05-11.15 A. Nawrocka, M. Durkalec, A. Filipek, M. Kmiecik
Ocena bezpieczeństwa alternatywnych źródeł białka owadów stosowanych w żywieniu kurcząt
Feed safety of insects as alternative protein sources used in chicken nutrition
| Time | Speakers | Title |
|------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------|
| 11.17-11.27| K. Sierżant, E. Piksa, D. Konkol, M.U. Asghar | Optymalizacja przeciwwutleniaczy w diecie kurcząt rzeźnych: wpływ na wydajność oraz status redoks |
| | | Optimization of antioxidants in the diet of broiler chickens: effects on performance and redox status |
| 11.29-11.39| Sz. Toth, A. Desbruslais, A. Wealleans, D. Gonzalez-Sanchez | Lysolecithins, monoglycerides and synthetic emulsifier, on welfare and performance of broilers |
| | | Lizolecytyny, monoglicerydy i syntetyczny emulgator a dobrostan i wskaźniki produkcyjne kurcząt brojlerów |
| 11.41-11.51| Sz. Toth, D. Gonzalez-Sanchez, A. Wealleans, A. Desbruslais | Effect of multienzyme supplementation in broilers fed diets increasingly reduced in energy |
| | | Wpływ dodatku multienzymów w diecie kurcząt o coraz bardziej obniżonej wartości energetycznej |
| 12.00-13.30| Obiad/Lunch | |
| 13.30-14.15| Wykład plenarny/ Plenary lecture | |
| | Dr hab. inż. Krzysztof Damaziak | Seksowanie jaj - aktualne wyzwania technologiczne w produkcji drobiarskiej |
| | | Egg sexing - current technological challenge in poultry production |
Po wykładzie plenarnym prowadzone będą równolegle dwie sesje naukowe:
After the plenary lecture two parallel Scientific sessions will be realized:
Sesja naukowa – BIOLOGICZNE PODSTAWY HODOWLI I PRODUKCJI DROBIARSKIEJ
Scientific session – BIOLOGICAL BASIS OF POULTRY BREEDING AND PRODUCTION
Moderatorzy/ Moderators: prof. dr hab. Zbigniew Dobrzański
dr inż. Magdalena Trela
| Time | Speakers | Title |
|------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------|
| 14.30-14.40| K. Andres, M. L. Pękalski, M. G. Adamski | Identyfikacja populacji bakterii jelitowych gęsi domowej poprzez sekwencjonowanie amplikonów 16S rDNA |
| | | Identification of gut bacteria populations of domestic geese by sequencing 16S rDNA amplicons |
| 14.42-14.52| C. Ceccopieri, J. P. Madej, A. Kowalczyk | Różnice w rozwoju wtórnych narządów limfatycznych pomiędzy liniami kurcząt |
| | | Differences in secondary lymphoid organs development among chicken lines |
| 14.54-15.04| M. Gumulka, A. Hrabia, I. Rozenboim | |
Zmiany w ekspresji receptorów androgenowego i estrogenowych oraz genów związanych z procesem steroidogenezy w jądrze gęsiora w cyklu rocznym
*Alterations in androgen and estrogen receptor and steroidogenesis-associated gene expression in gander testis during annual period*
15.06-15.16 L. Lewko, J. Krawczyk, J. Calik
Wpływ genotypu i wieku na wybrane parametry jakości skorup i lizozymu jaj kur objętych programem ochrony
*Effect of genotype and age on some shell quality traits and lysozyme of eggs from hens under conservation program*
15.18-15.28 S. Nowaczewski, T. Szablewski, K. Stuper-Szablewska, M. Hejdysz, S. Kaczmarek, L. Lewko, B. Grzegrzółka, J. Gruszczynska
Porównanie cech skorupy w zależności od jej barwy u przepiórki japońskiej (*Coturnix coturnix japonica*)
*Comparison of eggshell traits depending on its color in Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)*
15.30-15.50 Przerwa kawowa/ Coffee break
Moderatorzy/ Moderators: prof. dr hab. Jerzy Niedziółka
dr inż. Jolanta Calik
15.50-16.00 M. L. Pękalski, S. Mosiolek, R. Kędzia, G. Kunstman, M. G. Adamski
Sekwencjonowanie nanoporowe do identyfikacji i kwantyfikacji prokariotycznych i eukariotycznych składników mikrobiomu ptaków
*Nanopore sequencing for the identification and quantification of prokaryotic and eukaryotic components of avian microbiome*
16.02-16.12 T. Szwaczkowski, E. Skotarczak, W. Mueller, S. Kujawa, P. Nowak, P. Idziaszek, K. Koszela, A. Swat, M. Lisowski, K. Poltowicz
Łączna wartość hodowlana kur nieśnych wyznaczana na podstawie różnych zestawów wag ekonomicznych cech użytkowych
*Combined genetic evaluation using different sets of economic weights of performance traits in laying hens*
16.14-16.24 K. Wengerska, K. Drabik, A. Ramankevich, S. Grzejszczak, K. Kasperek, J. Batkowska
Ocena wylegowości piskląt w zależności występowania wad skorupy jaja
*Analysis of the chickens hatchability depending on the presence of eggshell defect*
16.26-16.36 W. Wójcik, P. Pstrokoński, K. Damaziak
Wykorzystanie sztucznej inteligencji (SI) do analizy pigmentacji i porowatości skorup jaj perlicy domowej na przykładzie programu NATUREPATTERNMATCH
*Use of artificial intelligence (AI) to analyze the pigmentation and porosity of guinea fowl eggshells using NATUREPATTERNMATCH*
Sesja naukowa – JAKOŚĆ PRODUKTÓW DROBIARSKICH
Scientific session – THE QUALITY OF POULTRY PRODUCTS
Moderatorzy/ Moderators: prof. dr hab. Tadeusz Trziszka
dr inż. Monika Wereńska
14.30-14.40 B. Biesiada-Drzazga, D. Banaszewska, E. Wencek, S. Kaim
Wybrane cechy rzeźne kaczek pekin rodu P-44 i P-55
Selected meat traits of the P-44 and P-55 strains of Pekin ducks
14.42-14.52 K. Drabik, K. Wengerska, L. Urbaś, K. Kasperek, J. Batkowska
Analiza jakości i składu chemicznego jaj dwużółtkowych w porównaniu z jajami o prawidłowej budowie
Analysis of the quality and chemical composition of double-yolked eggs compared to those with normal structure
14.54-15.04 A. Drażbo, D. Józefiak, J. Naczmański, P. Konieczka, K. Kozłowski
Wpływ zastosowania tłuszczu z Hermetia illucens w dietach dla kur nieśnych na jakość jaj
The effect of Hermetia illucens fat inclusion in laying hen diets on egg quality
15.06-15.16 J. Obrzut
Jakość mięsa pulard w zależności od terminu uboju
The quality of poulard meat depending on the date of slaughter
15.18-15.28 A. Okruszek, M. Wereńska, G. Haraf
Profil kwasów tłuszczowych i wskaźniki lipidowe mięsa gęsiego poddanej obróbce termicznej
Fatty acid profile and healthy indices of heat-treated goose meat
15.30-15.50 Przerwa kawowa/ Coffee break
Moderatorzy/ Moderators: prof. dr hab. Teresa Majewska
dr inż. Lidia Lewko
15.50-16.00 W. Wójcik, O. Świder, M. Łukasiewicz-Mierzejewska, K. Damaziak, M. Roszko,
J. Riedel, J. Niemiec
Kształtowanie się zmian poziomu amin biogennych w mięśniach piersiowych i nóg kurczat mięsnych
Changes in biogenic amine levels in chicken breast and leg muscles
16.02-16.12 Z. Sokołowicz, A. Augustyńska-Prejsnar
Wpływ poprawy dobrostanu kurczat brojlerów w okresie przedubojowym na jakość pozyskiwanego mięsa
Impact of measures to improve broiler welfare during pre-slaughter period on the quality of the meat obtained
16.14-16.24 M. Wereńska, A. Okruszek, G. Haraf
Wpływ obróbki termicznej na właściwości fizyczne i ocenę sensoryczną mięsa gęsiego
*Impact of thermal treatment on physical properties and sensory quality of goose meat*
16.45-18.30 **PANEL DYSKUSYJNY - AKTUALNE TRENDY I WYZWANIA W POLSKIEJ I EUROPEJSKIEJ PRODUKCJI DROBIARSKIEJ**
*Discussion panel - Current Trends and Challenges in Polish and European Poultry Production*
Moderator: prof. dr hab. Jan Jankowski, dr h.c. multi
20:00 **Uroczysta kolacja/ Gala dinner**
*Rozstrzygnięcie Konkursu Młodych Badaczy im. Jerzego Będzkowskiego*
*Announcing winners of Jerzy Będkowski Young Scientists Competition*
**JAZZ & FOOD. NOCNY MARKET NAUKOWY**
*JAZZ & FOOD. NIGHT SCIENCE MARKET*
22.00 – ? – DJ
**PIĄTEK/ FRIDAY (22.09.2023)**
*Sesja naukowa – PROFILAKTYKA W PRODUKCJI DROBIARSKIEJ*
*Scientific session – PREVENTION IN POULTRY NUTRITION*
Moderatorzy/ Moderators: dr hab. med. wet. Grzegorz Tomczyk, prof. instytutu
dr inż. Marta Kuźmińska-Bajor
9.00-9.45 **Wykład plenarny/ Plenary lecture**
dr hab. med. wet. Anna Woźniak-Biel
*Grypa ptaków – stary problem, nowe wyzwania*
*Avian Influenza - old problem and new challenges*
9.45-9.55 J. Batkowska, M. Kutrzuba, R. Bagrowski, A. Ukalska-Jaruga, A. Adameczuk, K. Drabik
*Wpływ dodatku wermikulitu® do paszy i ściołki na cechy fizyczne kości indyczek rzeźnych*
*Impact of the vermiculite® addition to feed and litter on the characteristics of the physical characteristics of slaughter turkey bones*
9.57-10.07 E. Cholewińska, R. Smagiel, A. Stępnioska, M. Krauze, Ł. Szymański, K. Ognik, D. Mikulski, J. Jankowski
*Wpływ wczesnego podawania antybiotyków na status immunologiczny i redoks krwi indyków*
*Effect of early administration of antibiotics on immune and redox status in blood of turkeys*
| Time | Speakers | Title |
|------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| 10.09-10.19| W. Kozdruń, K. Piekarska, A. Stolarek, N. Styś-Fijol, J. S. Niczyporuk | Występowanie zmian nowotworowych u gęsi |
| | | *Occurrence of neoplastic lesions in geese* |
| 10.21-10.31| W. Kozdruń, A. Stolarek, K. Piekarska, N. Styś-Fijol, J. S. Niczyporuk | Choroba Mareka w świetle badań w latach 2021 – 2023 |
| | | *Marek's disease in the research in 2021 – 2023* |
| 10.35-11.00| Przerwa kawowa/ Coffee break | |
| 11.00-11.10| M. Kuźmińska-Bajor, M. Kuczkowski, M. Korczyński, A. Milcarz, P. Śliwka | Metody ograniczania lekoopornych szczepów *Escherichia coli* na fermach brojlerów kurzych |
| | | *Interventions to the control of drug-resistant *Escherichia coli* in broiler chicken farms |
| 11.12-11.22| A. Rygalo-Galewska, K. Zglińska, T. Niemiec | Wpływ technologii ActivePure na warunki zoohigieniczne, stan zdrowia i dobrostan kurczat |
| | | *Impact of ActivePure technology on zoohygienic conditions, health and welfare of chickens* |
| 11.24-11.34| K. Tutaj, R. Smagiel, P. Osowska, K. Nadolna, D. Mikulski, K. Ognik, J. Jankowski | Wpływ żywienia indyków w pierwszych dniach po wykluciu dietą zawierającą kokcydiostatyk i antybiotyki na poziom antybiotyków w wątrobie |
| | | *Effect of feeding turkeys in the first days after hatching with a diet containing coccidiostat and antibiotics on antibiotics level in the liver* |
| 11.40-12.10| Podsumowanie i zakończenie obrad symposjum | Summing up and closing the symposium |
| 12.15 -13.45| Obiad/ Lunch | |
Spis treści
WYKŁAD PLENARNY/ PLENARY LECTURE
EUGENIUSZ WENCEK
POULTRY BREEDING AND PRODUCTION IN POLAND ................................................................. 19
HODOWLA I PRODUKCJA DROBIU W POLSCE ........................................................................... 20
KONKURS MŁODYCH BADACZY IM. JERZEGO BĘDKOWSKIEGO
JERZY BĘDKOWSKI YOUNG SCIENTISTS COMPETITION
ASLAM M. R., SZYMKOWIAK P., KIEROŃCZYK B., JÓŻEFAK D.
EFFECTS OF SELECTED DIETARY FAT INCLUSION IN BROILER DIETS ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE, DIGESTIBILITY, AND MEAT QUALITY .................................................................................................................. 22
Wpływ wybranych tłuszczów w dietach broilerów na wyniki wzrostu, współczynniki strawności i jakość mięsa .................................................................................................................. 23
CIBOROWSKA P., MICHALCZUK M., MATUSZEWSKI A., ZALEWSKA A., ZGLIŃSKA K., BIEŃ D.
EFFECT OF RELAXATION MUSIC ON REARING PERFORMANCE AND WELFARE OF CHICKENS ........................................................................................................................................................................ 24
Wpływ muzyki relaksacyjnej na wyniki odchowu i dobrostan kurcząt rzeźnych ........................................................................................................................................................................ 25
MARZEC A., SOLEK P., OGNIK K., JANKOWSKI J.
EFFECT OF COCCIDIOSTAT AND ANTIBIOTICS ADMINISTRATION TO TURKEYS ON THE INTERPLAY OF THE GUT-BRAIN AXIS, HORMONES LEVELS AND THE LEVEL OF SELECTED HORMONES AND POSSIBLE CONSEQUENCES FOR ANIMAL WELFARE ........................................................................................................................................................................ 26
Wpływ wczesnego podania antybiotyku lub kokcydiostatyków na współgranie osi jelitowo-mozgowej oraz poziom wybranych hormonów i możliwe konsekwencje dla dobrostanu zwierząt ........................................................................................................................................................................ 27
NAPIERKOWSKA S., FROMENT P., KOWALCZYK A., PARTYKA A.
EFFECT OF LOW AND HIGH CONCENTRATIONS OF IMIDACLOPRID ON MOTILITY PARAMETERS AND CHARACTERISTICS OF CHICKEN SPERMATOZOA .................................................................................................................. 28
Wpływ niskich i wysokich stężeń imidaklopridu na parametry ruchliwości i charakterystykę plemników kogutów ........................................................................................................................................................................ 29
OLEJNIK K., POPIELA E., KONKOL D., KORCZYNSKI M., TIKASZ I., BANHAZI T., OPALINSKI S.
LIVESTOCKSENSE PROJECT VS BARRIERS TO THE USE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TOOLS ON POULTRY FARMS ........................................................................................................................................................................ 30
Projekt LivestockSense a bariery w wykorzystaniu narzędzi ICT na fermach drobiu ...................... 31
SZYMKOWIAK P., ASLAM M.R., KIEROŃCZYK B., JÓŻEFAK D.
THE EFFECT OF SELECTED DIETARY FAT INCLUSION IN BROILER DIETS ON SELECTED GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT MICROBIOTA ........................................................................................................................................................................ 32
Wpływ zastosowania wybranych tłuszczów paszowych w dietach broilerów na mikrobiotę jelitową ........................................................................................................................................................................ 33
URBAN J., MICHALCZUK M., LANGE A., BIEŃ D., MATUSZEWSKI A., JAROSZEK A., JAWORSKI S.
EVALUATION OF THE PREBIOTIC PROPERTIES OF CRUDE FIBRE CONCENTRATE ........................................................................................................................................................................ 34
Ocena właściwości prebiotycznych koncentratu włókna surowego .................................................. 35
SESJA NAUKOWA - ŻYWIEŃ DROBIU
SCIENTIFIC SESSION - POULTRY NUTRITION
WYKŁAD PLENARNY/ PLENARY LECTURE
Sylwester Świątkiewicz, Anna Arczewska-Włosek
Recent Advances and Trends in Poultry Nutrition Research .................................................. 37
Aktualne trendy i osiągnięcia w badaniach z zakresu żywienia drobiu........................................... 38
Asghar M.U., Sajid Q.U.A., Wilk M., Konkol D., Korczyński M.
Soybean Processing Methods: Impact on Protein Digestibility and Environmental Nitrogen Reduction ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 40
Metody przetwarzania SOI: wpływ na strawność białka oraz redukcję emisji azotu do środowiska ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 41
Bassi L.S., Hejdysz M., Kolodziejski P., Smith A., Sorbara J.O.B., Cowieson A., Kaczmarek S., Svihus B.
Comparing the Effectiveness of Starch Digestion between Broiler Chickens and Pigs Fed Different Starch Sources ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 42
Trawienie skrobi przez kurczęta brojlery i świnie żywione różnymi jej źródłami ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 43
Fallahi, S., Bobak, L., Asghar, M.U. and Opaliński, S.
Cannabidiol Preparation and Production Parameters of Laying Hens ............................................ 44
Konkol D., Popiela E., Augustyńczyk M., Fallahi S., Ceccopieri C., Madej J., Korczyński M.
The Use of Levan in Laying Hens Nutrition ...................................................................................... 46
Wykorzystanie lewanu w żywieniu kur niesnych ................................................................................ 47
Nawrocka A., Durkałec M., Filipek A., Kmiecik M.
Feed Safety of Insects as Alternative Protein Sources Used in Chicken Nutrition ....................... 48
Ocena bezpieczeństwa alternatywnych źródeł białka owadów stosowanych w żywieniu kurcząt ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 49
Sierżant K., Piksa E., Konkol D., Asghar M.U.
Optimization of Antioxidants in the Diet of Broiler Chickens: Effects on Performance and Redox Status ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 50
Optymalizacja przeciwitleniaczy w diecie kurcząt rzeźnych: wpływ na wydajność oraz status redoks ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 51
Toth Sz., Desbruslais A., Wealleans A., Gonzalez-Sanchez D.
Lysolecithins, Monoglycerides and Synthetic Emulsifier, on Welfare and Performance of Broilers. 52
Toth Sz., Gonzalez-Sanchez D., Wealleans A., Desbruslais A.
Effect of Multienzyme Supplementation in Broilers Fed Diets Increasingly Reduced in Energy........ 53
**WYKŁAD PLENARNY/ PLENARY LECTURE**
**Damaziak Krzysztof**
*Egg sexing – current technological challenge in poultry production* ........................................ 55
Seksowanie jaj – aktualne wyzwanie technologiczne w produkcji drobiarskiej .......................... 56
**SESJA NAUKOWA - BIOLOGICZNE PODSTAWY HODOWLI I PRODUKCJI DROBIARSKIEJ**
**SCIENTIFIC SESSION - BIOLOGICAL BASIS OF POULTRY BREEDING AND PRODUCTION**
**Andres K., Pękalski M.L., Adamski M.G.**
*Identification of gut bacteria populations of domestic geese by sequencing 16S rDNA amplicons*... 58
Identyfikacja populacji bakterii jelitowych gęsi domowej poprzez sekwencjonowanie amplikonów 16S rDNA ......................................................................................................................... 59
**Ceccopieri C., Madej J.P., Kowalczyk A.**
*Differences in secondary lymphoid organs development among chicken lines* ...................... 60
Różnice w rozwoju wtórnych narządów limfatycznych pomiędzy liniami kurczat .......................... 61
**Gumulka M., Hrabia A., Rozenboim I.**
*Alterations in androgen and estrogen receptor and steroidogenesis-associated gene expression in gander testis during annual period*.................................................................................. 62
Zmiany w ekspresji receptorów androgenowego i estrogenowych oraz genów związanych z procesem steroidogenezy w jądrze gęsiora w cyklu rocznym......................................................... 63
**Lewko L., Krawczyk J., Calik J.**
*Effect of genotype and age on some shell quality traits and lysozyme of eggs from hens under conservation programme* ........................................................................................................ 64
Wpływ genotypu i wieku na wybrane parametry jakości skorup i lizozymu jaj kur objętych programem ochrony ............................................................................................................................... 65
**Nowaczewski S., Szablewski T., Stuper-Szablewska K., Hejdysz M., Kaczmarek S., Lewko L., Grzegrzółka B., Gruszczynska J.**
*Comparison of eggshell traits depending on its colour in Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)* ................................................................................................................................. 66
Porównanie cech skorupy w zależności od jej barwy u przepiórki japońskiej (Coturnix coturnix japonica) ................................................................................................................................. 67
**Pękalski M.L., Mosiolek S., Kędzia R., Kunstman G., Adamski M.G.**
*Nanopore sequencing for the identification and quantification of prokaryotic and eukaryotic components of avian microbiome* .................................................................................. 68
Sekwencjonowanie nanoporowe do identyfikacji i kwantyfikacji prokariotycznych i eukariotycznych składników mikrobiomu ptaków ............................................................................. 69
**Szwaczkowski T., Skotarczak E., Mueller W., Kujawa S., Nowak P., Idziaszek P., Koszela K., Swat A., Lisowski M., Połtowicz K.**
*Combined genetic evaluation using different sets of economic weights of performance traits in laying hens* ................................................................................................................................. 70
Łączna wartość hodowlana kur nieśnych wyznaczana na podstawie różnych zestawów wag ekonomicznych cech użytkowych* ......................................................................................... 71
**Wengerska K., Drabik K., Ramankevich A., Grzejszczak S., Kasperek K., Batkowska J.**
*Analysis of the chickens hatchability depending on the presence of eggshell defect* ............ 72
Ocena wylegowości piskląt w zależności występowania wad skorupy jaja ................................. 73
**Wójcik W., Pstrokoński P., Damaziak K.**
*Use of artificial intelligence (AI) to analyze the pigmentation and porosity of guinea fowl eggshells using NaturePatternMatch* ......................................................................................... 74
SESJA NAUKOWA – JAKOŚĆ PRODUKTÓW DROBIARSKICH
SCIENTIFIC SESSION – THE QUALITY OF POULTRY PRODUCTS
BIESIADA-DRZAZGA B., BANASZEWSKA D., WENCEK E., KAIM S.
SELECTED MEAT TRAITS OF THE P-44 AND P-55 STRAINS OF PEKIN DUCKS ........................................ 77
Wybrane cechy rzęzne kaczek pekin rodu P-44 i P-55 .................................................................................. 78
DRABIK K., WENGERSKA K., URBAŚ L., KASPEREK K., BATKOWSKA J.
ANALYSIS OF THE QUALITY AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF DOUBLE-YOLKED EGGS COMPARED TO THOSE WITH NORMAL STRUCTURE ................................................................................................................................. 79
Analiza jakości i składu chemicznego jaj dwużółtkowych w porównaniu z jajami o prawidłowej budowie ........................................................................................................................................................................... 80
DRAŻBO A., JÓZEFIAK D., NACZMAŃSKI J., KONIECZKA P., KOZŁOWSKI K.
THE EFFECT OF HERMETIA ILLUCENS FAT INCLUSION IN LAYING HEN DIETS ON EGG QUALITY ...................... 81
Wpływ zastosowania tłuszczu z Hermetia illucens w dietach dla kur nieśnych na jakość jaj ... 82
OBRZUT J.
THE QUALITY OF POULARD MEAT DEPENDING ON THE DATE OF SLAUGHTER ............................................ 83
Jakość mięsa pulard w zależności od terminu uboju ....................................................................................... 84
OKRUSZEK A., WERĘŃSKA M., HARAF G.
FATTY ACID PROFILE AND HEALTHY INDICES OF HEAT-TREATED GOOSE MEAT ........................................ 85
Profil kwasów tłuszczowych i wskaźniki lipidowe mięsa gęsiego poddanego obróbce termicznej ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 86
W. WÓJCIK W., ŚWIDER O., ŁUKASIEWICZ-MIERZEJEWSKA M., DAMAZIAK K., ROSZKO M., RIEDEL J.,
NIEMIEC J.
CHANGES IN BIOGENIC AMINE LEVELS IN CHICKEN BREAST AND LEG MUSCLES ..................................... 87
Kształtowanie się zmian poziomu amin biogennych w mięśniach piersiowych i nóg kurcząt mięsnych ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 88
SOKOLOWICZ Z., AUGUSTYŃSKA-PREJSNAR A.
IMPACT OF MEASURES TO IMPROVE BROILER WELFARE DURING PRE-SLAUGHTER PERIOD ON THE QUALITY OF THE MEAT OBTAINED ................................................................................................................................. 89
Wpływ poprawy dobrostanu kurcząt broilerów w okresie przedubojowym na jakość pozyskiwanego mięsa ........................................................................................................................................................................... 90
WERĘŃSKA M., OKRUSZEK A., HARAF G.
IMPACT OF THERMAL TREATMENT ON PHYSICAL PROPERTIES AND SENSORY QUALITY OF GOOSE MEAT ........ 91
Wpływ obróbki termicznej na właściwości fizyczne i ocenę sensoryczną mięsa gęsiego ......................... 92
SESJA NAUKOWA – PROFILAKTYKA W PRODUKCJI DROBIARSKIEJ
SCIENTIFIC SESSION – PREVENTION IN POULTRY NUTRITION
| Author(s) | Title | Page |
|----------|----------------------------------------------------------------------|------|
| Anna Woźniak-Biel | Avian Influenza – Old Problem and New Challenges | 94 |
| | Grypa ptaków – Stary problem, nowe wyzwania | 95 |
| Batkowska J., Kutrzuba M., Bagrowski R., Ukalska-Jaruga A., Adamczuk A., Drabik K. | Impact of the Vermiculite® addition to feed and litter on the physical characteristics of slaughter turkey bones | 97 |
| | Wpływ dodatku wermikulitu® do paszy i ściółki na cechy fizyczne kości indyckie rzeźnych | 98 |
| Cholewińska E., Smagiel R., Stępniewska A., Krauze M., Szymański Ł., Ognik K., Mikulski D., Jankowski J. | Effect of early administration of antibiotics on immune and redox status in blood of turkeys | 99 |
| | Wpływ wczesnego podawania antybiotyków na status immunologiczny i redoks krwi indyków | 100 |
| Kozdrun W., Stolarek A., Piekarska K., Styś – Fijol N., Niczyporuk J.S. | Marek’s disease in the research in 2021 - 2023 | 101 |
| | Występowanie zmian nowotworowych u gęsi | 10202|
| Kuźmińska-Bajor M., Kuczkowski M., Korczyński M., Milcarz A., Śliwka P. | Interventions to the control of drug-resistant Escherichia coli in broiler chicken farms | 103 |
| | Metody ograniczania lekoprojnych szczepów Escherichia coli na fermach brojlerów kurzych | 104 |
| Rygalo-Galewska A., Zglińska K., Niemiec T. | Impact of ActivePure technology on zoohygienic conditions, health and welfare of chickens | 105 |
| | Wpływ technologii ActivePure na warunki zoohigieniczne, stan zdrowia i dobrostan kurcząt | 106 |
| Tutaj K., Smagiel R., Osowska P., Nadolna K., Mikulski D., Ognik K., Jankowski J. | Effect of feeding turkeys in the first days after hatching with a diet containing coccidiostat and antibiotics on antibiotics level in the liver | 107 |
| | Wpływ żywienia indyków w pierwszych dniach po wykluciu dietą zawierającą kokcydiostatyk i antybiotyki na poziom antybiotyków w wątrobie | 108 |
Wykład plenarny/ Plenary lecture
Poultry breeding and production in Poland
Eugeniusz Wencek
National Poultry Council – Chamber of Commerce, Poznań
The lecture contains the latest data on the production of poultry meat, including broiler chickens, turkeys, ducks and geese. The data are presented against the background of production in individual Members of European Union, including exports and imports of both meat and live poultry. In addition, the data also takes into account the number of birds kept in the breeding flocks and hatched commercial chicks of particular species and types of production systems. Additionally, a forecast for the production of chicks, live birds and broiler chicken meat in 2023, conducted by the National Poultry Council - Chamber of Commerce and the average prices of feeds, purchase live birds and poultry meat are presented as well. The number of outbreaks and birds utilized due to confirmed avian influenza in the years 2021 - 2023 is also discussed.
Poland is the largest poultry meat producer of in the EU. In 2022 the global poultry meat production in Poland amounted to 3,350 thousand tones and was 6.1% higher than in 2021. Over 60% of poultry meat produced in Poland was exported. The volume of meat and offal export amounted to 1.78 million tons in 2022, of which 66% went to the EU market. Export value of meat and poultry offal amounted to 5.1 billion EUR.
Hodowla i produkcja drobiu w Polsce
Eugeniusz Wencek
Krajowa Rada Drobiarstwa – Izba Gospodarcza, Poznań
Prelekcja zawiera najnowsze dane dotyczące produkcji mięsa drobiowego, w tym kurcząt brojlerów, indyków, kaczek i gęsi. Dane przedstawiono na tle produkcji w poszczególnych krajach członkowskich UE z uwzględnieniem eksportu i importu, zarówno mięsa, jak i drobiu żywego. Ponadto dane uwzględniają także liczebność ptaków użytkowanych w stadach reprodukcyjnych oraz wielkość wylęgów piskląt towarowych poszczególnych gatunków i typów użytkowych drobiu. Zaprezentowano również prognozę produkcji piskląt, żywca i mięsa kurcząt brojlerów w 2023 r., prowadzoną przez Krajową Radę Drobiarstwa – Izbę Gospodarczą oraz średnie ceny pasz i średnie ceny skupu żywca i sprzedaży mięsa drobiowego. Omówiono także liczbę ognisk i ptaków uśmierconych w latach 2021 – 2023 tytułu stwierdzonej grypy ptaków. Polska jest największym producentem mięsa drobiowego w UE. W 2022 r. globalna produkcja mięsa drobiowego w Polsce wyniosła 3 350 tys. ton i była o 6,1% większa niż w 2021 r. Ponad 60% wyprodukowanego w Polsce mięsa drobiowego trafiło na eksport. Wolumen eksportu mięsa i podrobów wyniósł w 2022 r. 1,78 mln ton, z którego 66% trafiło na rynek unijny. Wartość eksportu mięsa i podrobów drobiowych wyniosła 5,1 mld EUR.
Konkurs Młodych Badaczy im. Jerzego Będkowskiego
Jerzy Będkowski
Young Scientists Competition
Effects of Selected Dietary Fat Inclusion in Broiler Diets on Growth Performance, Digestibility, and Meat Quality
M. R. Aslam, P. Szymkowiak, B. Kierończyk, D. Józefiak
Poznań University of Life Sciences, Department of Animal Nutrition
Wolynska 33, 60-637 Poznań, Poland
KEY WORDS: dietary fat, *Hermetia illucens*, broiler chicken, growth performance, meat quality
INTRODUCTION
This study aimed to investigate the effects of the inclusion of selected dietary fats in broiler chicken diets on growth performance, selected organ and gastrointestinal tract morphometrical measurements, nutrient digestibility, and breast meat quality.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A total of 800 one-day-old male (Ross 308) chicks were randomly divided into eight dietary groups, with ten replication pens containing ten birds each. The dietary treatments included selected dietary fat sources: *Hermetia illucens* (black soldier fly) fat, palm kernel fat distillers (PKFD), soybean oil (SO), poultry fat (PF), palm oil (PO), rapeseed oil (RO), beef tallow (BT) and pig lard (PL). The experiment lasted 35 days.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The provided dietary fats of plant origin had higher concentrations of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), those of animal origin were higher in saturated fatty acids (SFA), and *Hermetia illucens* fat was characterized by high lauric and palmitic acid contents, as well as SFAs. The growth performance parameters, organ measurements (weight and length), nutrient digestibility coefficients and apparent metabolizable energy corrected to zero nitrogen balance (AMEN) were not affected ($P > 0.05$), except for FCR ($P < 0.001$) and the relative jejunum weight ($P = 0.009$). The fatty acid profile of breast meat varied across dietary fats ($P < 0.001$), impacting the PUFA/SFA ratio ($P < 0.001$).
CONCLUSIONS
The study confirmed that *Hermetia illucens* larvae fat can replace commonly used dietary fats in broiler chicken diets without negative effects on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and meat quality.
This work was supported by an OPUS-20 grant titled “The role of *Hermetia illucens* larvae fat in poultry nutrition – from the nutritive value to the health status of broiler chickens” (no. 2020/39/B/NZ9/00237), which was financed by the National Science Center (Poland).
Wpływ wybranych tłuszczów w dietach brojlerów na wyniki wzrostu, współczynniki strawności i jakość mięsa
M. R. Aslam, P. Szymkowiak, B. Kierończyk, D. Józefiak
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Poznaniu
Katedra Żywienia Zwierząt, ul. Wołyńska 33, 60-637 Poznań
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE: tłuszcze paszowe, Hermetia illucens, kurczeta brojlery, wyniki wzrostu, jakość mięsa
WSTĘP
Celem niniejszego badania było określenie wpływu wybranych tłuszczów paszowych w dietach kurcząt rzeźnych na wyniki wzrostu, pomiary morfometryczne wybranych narządów i odcinków przewodu pokarmowego, współczynniki strawności składników pokarmowych oraz jakość mięsa.
MATERIAŁ I METODY
W doświadczeniu wykorzystano 800 jednodniowych kurek (Ross 308) przydzielonych losowo do ośmiu grup żywieniowych z dziesięcioma powtórzeniami po dziesięć ptaków. Doświadczenie obejmowało wybrane źródła tłuszczu paszowego, w tym tłuszcz z larw Hermetia illucens, destylat kwasów tłuszczowych z nasion palmy oleistej (PKFD), olej sojowy (SO), tłuszcz drobiowy (PF), olej palmowy (PO), olej rzepakowy (RO), łój wołowy (BT) i smalec wieprzowy (PL). Eksperyment trwał 35 dni.
WYNIKI I DISKUSJA
Oleje roślinne charakteryzowały się wyższymi stężeniami jednonienasyconych kwasów tłuszczowych (MUFA) i wielonienasyconych kwasów tłuszczowych (PUFA). Natomiast tłuszcz zwierzęce były bogatsze w nasycone kwasy tłuszczowe (SFAs). Tłuszcz z larw Hermetia illucens wyróżniał się wysoką poziomem kwasu laurynowego i kwasu palmitynowego, a także nasyconych kwasów tłuszczowych (SFAs). Wyniki wzrostu, pomiary narządów (masa i długość), współczynniki strawności składników pokarmowych oraz dostępność energii metabolicznej skorygowanej do zerowego bilansu azotu (AMEN) nie wykazywały statystycznie istotnych różnic (P > 0,05), za wyjątkiem współczynnika wykorzystania paszy (FCR) (P<0,001) oraz względnej masy jelita czczego (P=0,009). Profil kwasów tłuszczowych w mięśniu piersiowym różnił się w zależności od stosowanych tłuszczów w diecie (P<0,001), co wpływało na stosunek PUFA/SFA (P<0,001).
WNIOSKI
Badanie potwierdziło, że tłuszcz z larw Hermetia illucens może zastąpić powszechnie stosowane tłuszcz w dietach kurcząt brojlerów, bez negatywnego wpływu na wyniki wzrostu, współczynniki strawności składników pokarmowych oraz jakość mięsa.
Praca została sfinansowana przez Narodowe Centrum Nauki w ramach projektu OPUS 20, pt. „Rola tłuszczu pozyskanego z larw Hermetia illucens w żywieniu drobiu – od wartości pokarmowej do statusu zdrowotnego kurcząt rzeźnych”, nr. 2020/39/B/NZ9/00237.
Effect of relaxation music on rearing performance and welfare of chickens
P. Ciborowska\textsuperscript{1}, M. Michalczuk\textsuperscript{1}, A. Matuszewski\textsuperscript{2}, A. Zalewska\textsuperscript{1}, K. Zglińska\textsuperscript{3}, D. Bien\textsuperscript{1}
Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw
\textsuperscript{1}Department of Animal Breeding SGGW/ Institute of Animal Sciences
\textsuperscript{2}Department of Animal Environment Biology SGGW/ Institute of Animal Sciences
\textsuperscript{3}Department of Animal Nutrition SGGW/ Institute of Animal Sciences
KEYWORDS: chickens, music therapy, relaxing music, welfare, poultry production.
INTRODUCTION
Music is considered a non-pharmacological aid for various therapies in humans. The positive effects of music on the production performance, behavior and welfare of livestock, including dairy cows and pigs, have also been proven (Bernatzky et al., 2011; Crouch et al., 2019; Li et al., 2020). The literature on the effects of music on the body of chickens is not numerous, but some reports support the validity of using music in bird husbandry. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of relaxation music on the rearing performance and welfare of chickens.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The study material consisted of 1,200 Ross 308 chickens randomly divided into two equal study groups: control (K) and experimental (M). The chickens were reared in appropriately prepared halls of similar dimensions for 42 days according to the flock management manual. Group M was enriched with relaxation music ("Weightless" by Marconi Union; A=442 Hz) played from loudspeakers throughout the rearing period in the morning (08:00-10:00) at a volume of 70 dB and 30 minutes before slaughter, when the birds were in transport cages. During the birds' rearing period, body weight, feed consumption rate (FCR), and mortality were monitored. In addition, a welfare assessment according to the Welfare Quality Assessment protocol for Poultry (2007) was conducted on day 35, and excreta samples were collected for analysis of cortisol concentrations. Blood was also collected and analyzed for morphology and biochemistry. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software (PS IMGO PRO 8.0).
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
There was significantly ($p \leq 0.05$) higher final body weight and lower feed conversion rate (FCR) in chickens from group M. Blood from M chickens had significantly ($p \leq 0.05$) higher hematocrit levels and significantly ($p \leq 0.01$) higher erythrocyte levels. Enriching the chickens' environment with relaxing music ($p \leq 0.01$) improved welfare levels and lower excreta cortisol levels ($p \leq 0.01$). No significant differences were found for mortality and other morphological and biochemical blood parameters ($p > 0.05$). Similar results for chicken body weight are presented in the study of Gvaryahu et al. (1989). Hafizah et al. (2015) found that music has an effect on lowering corticosterone levels in the blood of chickens, which combined with the results confirms the stress-relieving effect of music. It should also be noted that a different musical genre was used in both cases.
CONCLUSIONS
Relaxation music can be considered as an element of enriching the environment of chickens to improve rearing performance, reduce stress levels and increase welfare.
Wpływ muzyki relaksacyjnej na wyniki odchowu i dobrostan kurcząt rzeźnych
P. Ciborowska\textsuperscript{1}, M. Michalczuk\textsuperscript{1}, A. Matuszewski\textsuperscript{2}, A. Zalewska\textsuperscript{1}, K. Zglińska\textsuperscript{3}, D. Bien\textsuperscript{†}
\textit{Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie, ul. Nowoursynowska 166, 02-787 Warszawa}
\textsuperscript{1}Katedra Hodowli Zwierząt SGGW/Instytut Nauk o Zwierzętach SGGW
\textsuperscript{2}Katedra Biologii Środowiska Zwierząt SGGW/Instytut Nauk o Zwierzętach SGGW
\textsuperscript{3}Samodzielna Pracownia Żywienia Zwierząt SGGW/Instytut Nauk o Zwierzętach SGGW
ul. Ciszewskiego 8, 02-787 Warszawa SGGW, Polska
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE: kurczęta rzeźne, muzykoterapia, muzyka relaksacyjna, dobrostan, produkcja drobiarska.
WSTĘP
Muzyka uznawana jest za niefarmakologiczny środek wspomagający różnego rodzaju terapie u ludzi. Udowodniono także pozytywny wpływ muzyki na wyniki produkcyjne, behawior i dobrostan zwierząt gospodarskich, m.in. krów mlecznych oraz świń (Bernatzky i in., 2011; Crouch i in., 2019; Li i in., 2020). Literatura dotycząca wpływu muzyki na organizm kurcząt nie jest liczna, ale część doniesień potwierdza zasadność wykorzystania muzyki w chowie drobiu. Celem pracy było określenie wpływu muzyki relaksacyjnej na wyniki odchowu oraz dobrostan kurcząt rzeźnych.
MATERIAŁ I METODY
Materiał badawczy stanowiło 1200 kurcząt Ross 308 podzielonych losowo na dwie równoliczne grupy badawcze: kontrolną (K) i doświadczalną (M). Kurczęta odchowywano w odpowiednio przygotowanych halach o zbliżonych wymiarach przez 42 dni zgodnie z instrukcją prowadzenia stada. Grupę M wzbogacono muzyką relaksacyjną („Weightless” Marconi Union; A=442 Hz) odtwarzaną z głośników przez cały okres odchowu w godzinach porannych (08:00-10:00) z głośnością 70 dB oraz 30 minut przed ubojem, gdy ptaki znajdowały się w klatkach transportowych. W trakcie odchowu ptaków kontrolowano masę ciała, zużycie paszy (FCR), a także śmiertelność. Dodatkowo w 35. dniu przeprowadzono ocenę dobrostanu wg Welfare Quality Assessment protocol for Poultry (2007) oraz pobrano próbki kalomoczu w celu analizy stężenia kortyzolu. Pobrano także krew, którą analizowano pod względem morfologicznym i biochemicznym. Analizę statystyczną przeprowadzono przy wykorzystaniu oprogramowania SPSS (PS IMGO PRO 8.0).
WYNIKI I DYSKUSJA
Stwierdzono istotnie \((p \leq 0,05)\) większą końcową masę ciała oraz mniejszy wskaźnik FCR u kurcząt z grupy M. Krew od kurcząt M charakteryzowała się istotnie \((p \leq 0,05)\) wyższym poziomem hematokrytu oraz istotnie \((p \leq 0,01)\) wyższym poziomem erytrocytów. Wzbogacenie środowiska kurcząt muzyką relaksacyjną \((p \leq 0,01)\) wpłynęło na poprawę poziomu dobrostanu oraz na niższy poziom kortyzolu w kalomoczu \((p \leq 0,01)\). Nie stwierdzono istotnych różnic dla śmiertelności oraz pozostałych parametrów morfologicznych i biochemicznych krwi \((p > 0,05)\). Podobne wyniki dotyczące masy ciała kurcząt przedstawione są w badaniach Gvaryahu i in. (1989). Hafizah i in. (2015) stwierdzili, że odtwarzanie muzyki wpływa na obniżenie poziomu kortykosteronu we krwi kurcząt, co w połączeniu z uzyskanymi wynikami potwierdza łagodzący stres efekt muzyki. Należy zwrócić uwagę, że w obu przypadkach wykorzystany został inny gatunek muzyczny.
WNIOSEK
Muzyka relaksacyjna może zostać uznana za element wzbogacenia środowiska kurcząt rzeźnych poprawiający wyniki odchowu, redukujący poziom stresu oraz zwiększający poziom dobrostanu.
Effect of coccidiostat and antibiotics administration to turkeys on the interplay of the gut-brain axis, hormones levels and the level of selected hormones and possible consequences for animal welfare
A. Marzec\textsuperscript{1}, P. Solek\textsuperscript{1}, K. Ognik\textsuperscript{1}, J. Jankowski\textsuperscript{2}
\textsuperscript{1}University of Life Sciences in Lublin
\textsuperscript{2}University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn
\textsuperscript{1}Departament of Biochemistry and Toxicology, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
\textsuperscript{2}Departament of Poultry Science and Apiculture, Oczapowskiego 5, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
KEY WORDS: gut-brain axis, welfare, antibiotics, coccidiostat, hormones
INTRODUCTION
We verified the hypothesis suggesting that the early use of antibiotics and coccidiostats may affect the regulation of the microbiota-gut-brain axis and modulate the level of selected neurotransmitters and stress hormones.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The experiment was carried out on one-day-old turkeys, which were divided into four groups (C,D,E,M). Group C is a control group in which no additives were administered. Group E received enrofloxacin at a dose of 10 mg/kg b.w., and D doxycycline at a dose of 50 mg/kg b.w. for the first five days of life. Group M was fed a diet containing monensin at a dose of 90 mg/kg of feed. On the first day of life, the birds were vaccinated against APV and NDVW. On the 7th and 56th day of life, the hippocampus and blood was collected from 8 birds from the group to evaluate the intracellular level of expression of the signaling pathway proteins associated with the synaptic plasticity of neurons (mTOR, Akt, BDNF, eEF2, ERK, CaMKI, CREB) and to assess the level of selected hormones (DA, 5-HT, NA, HIS).
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
In the plasma of 7-day-old turkeys from groups D and E, a reduced level of 5-HT, and from group D a reduced level of HIS was found. It was found that the administration of MON or an antibiotic resulted in an increase in BDNF levels in the hippocampus of 7-day-old turkeys, and that the administration of DOX resulted in an increase in eEF2 and ERK levels. At 56 days of age, no effect of supplementation on BDNF, eEF2 and ERK levels was found. However, increased levels of Akt were found in the hippocampus of group D. The results suggest that the administration of ENRO, DOX or MON may increase BDNF levels. Higher levels of the phosphorylated, inactive protein eEF-2 play a key role in response to stress conditions, including changes in the function of the large intestine.
CONCLUSIONS
We have proven that antibiotic administration reduces plasma 5-HT levels. This may explain the regulation of BDNF and be related to the selective inhibition of signaling by CaMKI kinase. The overlapping effects of synaptic activity and activation of the gut-brain axis can have a significant impact on the mood and behavior of animals.
The research was funded by the National Science Centre in Poland, Grant No. 2020/39/B/NZ9/00765
Wpływ wczesnego podania antybiotyku lub kokcydiostatyków na współgranie osi jelitowo-mózgowej oraz poziom wybranych hormonów i możliwe konsekwencje dla dobrostanu zwierząt
A. Marzec¹, P. Solek¹, K. Ognik¹, J. Jankowski²
¹Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Lublinie
²Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
¹Katedra Biochemii i Toksykologii, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Polska
²Katedra Drobiarstwa i Pszczelnictwa, Oczapowskiego 5, 10-719 Olszyn, Polska
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE: oś jelitowo-mózgowa, dobrostan, antybiotyki, kokcydiostatyki, hormony
WSTĘP
Zweryfikowaliśmy hipotezę sugerującą, że wczesne zastosowanie antybiotyków, oraz kokcydiostatyków, może wpływać na regulację osi mikrobiota-jelito-mózg oraz modulację poziomu wybranych neuroprzekaźników i hormonów stresu.
MATERIAŁ I METODY
Eksperyment przeprowadzono na jednodniowych indykach, które zostały podzielone na cztery grupy (C,D,E,M). Grupa C to grupa kontrolną, w której nie podawano dodatków. Grupa E otrzymywała enrofloksacinę w dawce 10 mg/kg m.c., a grupa D doksycyclinę w dawce 50 mg/kg m.c. przez pierwsze pięć dni życia. Grupa M była żywione dietą zawierającą monenzynę w dawce 90 mg/kg paszy. W pierwszym dniu życia ptaki zostały zaszczepione przeciwko APV i NDVW. W 7 i 56 dniu życia od 8 ptaków z grupy pobrano hipokamp, aby ocenić wewnątrzkomórkowy poziom ekspresji białek ścieżki sygnalizacyjnej związanej z plastycznością synaptyczną neuronów (mTOR, Akt, BDNF, eEF2, ERK, CaMKI, CREB) oraz krew aby ocenić poziom wybranych hormonów (DA, 5-HT, NA, HIS).
WYNIKI I DYSKUSJA
W osoczu 7 dniowych indyków z grup D i E stwierdzono obniżony poziom 5-HT, a z grupy D obniżony poziom HIS. Ustalono, że podawanie MON lub antybiotyku skutkowało zwiększeniem poziomu BDNF w hipokampie 7 dniowych indyków a także, że podawanie DOX skutkowało zwiększeniem poziomu eEF2 oraz ERK. W 56 dniu życia nie stwierdzono wpływu podawania dodatków na poziom BDNF, eEF2 i ERK. Jednakże w hipokampie grupy D stwierdzono zwiększony poziom Akt. Wyniki sugerują, że podawanie ENRO, DOX lub MON może wpływać na zwiększenie poziomu czynnika BDNF. Wyższy poziom ufosforylowanego, nieaktywnego białka eEF-2 odgrywa kluczową rolę w odpowiedzi na warunki stresowe, w tym zmiany funkcji jelita grubego.
WNIOSKI
Udowodniliśmy, że podawanie antybiotyku zmniejsza poziom 5-HT w osoczu. Może to wyjaśniać regulację BDNF i być związane z selektywnym hamowaniem sygnalizacji przez kinazę CaMKI. Nakładanie się efektów aktywności synaptycznej i aktywacji osi jelitowo-mózgowej może mieć znaczący wpływ na nastroj i zachowanie zwierząt.
Badania zostały sfinansowane przez Narodowe Centrum Nauki w Polsce, Grant nr 2020/39/B/NZ9/00765
Effect of low and high concentrations of imidacloprid on motility parameters and characteristics of chicken spermatozoa
S. Napierkowska\textsuperscript{1}, P. Froment\textsuperscript{2}, A. Kowalczyk\textsuperscript{3}, A. Partyka\textsuperscript{1}
\textsuperscript{1}Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Science, Department of Reproduction and Clinic of Farm Animal Pl. Grunwaldzki 49 50-366 Wroclaw; \textsuperscript{2}INRAE, UMR PRC, F-37380, Nouzilly, France; \textsuperscript{3}Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Science, Institute of Animal Breeding, ul. Chelmońskiego 38C, 51-630 Wroclaw
KEY WORDS: chicken semen, pesticides, imidacloprid
INTRODUCTION
The use of pesticides for domestic and agricultural purposes is widespread around the world. Poultry can be exposed to pesticides from feed containing residues. Imidacloprid (IMI) is an insecticide to which poultry may be exposed in the environment. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the \textit{in vitro} effect of different IMI concentrations on chicken spermatozoa motility, mitochondrial activity and viability.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The experiment was carried out with 10 Greenlegged Partridge roosters. Semen was collected two times per week by the dorso-abdominal massage method and then pooled. Semen was incubated with different concentrations of IMI (0 mM, 0.5 mM, 5 mM, 10 mM, 50 mM) and analysed after 1 and 3hrs of incubation at 37°C. Sperm viability was measured by SYBR-14 and propidium iodide (PI), mitochondrial membrane potential was checked using JC-1 and PI dyes and flow cytometer. Sperm motility parameters were assessed using the CASA system. The parameters measured were: percentage of motile spermatozoa (MOT), percentage of progressively motile spermatozoa (PMOT), velocity along the path (VAP), progressive velocity (VSL) and velocity in a curvilinear line (VCL).
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The addition of pesticides after 1h incubation did not change the percentage of motile spermatozoa. Low concentration of IMI (0.5 mM) significantly ($P<0.05$) reduced the percentage of progressive spermatozoa but higher concentrations preserve it ($P>0.05$). Additionally, 0.5, 5, 10 mM IMI significantly decreased ($P<0.05$) spermatozoa velocity (VAP, VCL, VSL). However, sperm after incubation with 50 mM of IMI were still fast. We found no significant differences in the velocity parameters - VAP and VSL after 3 hrs of incubation. Addition of IMI at 5 mM and 10 mM resulted in a significant decrease in sperm velocity VCL, while addition of 50 mM maintains sperm speed at higher level. IMI did not affect sperm viability after 1h and 3hrs of incubation. Nevertheless, 50 mM IMI significantly increased the percentage of sperm with high mitochondrial potential after 1h ($P<0.05$). After 3 hrs of incubation, the stimulatory effect of IMI could already be muted.
CONCLUSIONS
Different concentrations of pesticides affect sperm motility in different ways. Although they do not affect overall motility, low concentrations of IMI reduce number of progressive spermatozoa, and makes them slower. However, at the highest concentration of IMI spermatozoa are still fast and progressive. It is confirmed by highest percentage of spermatozoa with high mitochondrial potential. IMI does not affect sperm viability during studied period of incubation, meaning that the change in motility is not associated with cells death.
This research was funded in whole by National Science Centre, Poland, grant number 2021/43/B/NZ9/01550.
Wpływ niskich i wysokich stężeń imidaklopridu na parametry ruchliwości i charakterystykę plemników kogutów
S. Napierkowska\textsuperscript{1}, P. Froment\textsuperscript{2}, A. Kowalczyk\textsuperscript{3}, A. Partyka\textsuperscript{1}
\textsuperscript{1} Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy we Wrocławiu, Katedra Rozrodu i Klinika Zwierząt Gospodarskich
Pl. Grunwaldzki 49, 50-366 Wrocław; \textsuperscript{2} INRAE, UMR PRC, F-37380, Nouzilly, Francja; \textsuperscript{3} Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy we Wrocławiu, Instytut Hodowli Zwierząt, ul. Chelmońskiego 38C, 51-630 Wrocław
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE: nasienie kogutów, pestycydy, imidakloprid,
**WSTĘP**
Stosowanie pestycydów do celów rolniczych jest szeroko rozpowszechnione na całym świecie. Drób może być narażony na pozostałości pestycydów, w tym insektycydu imidaklopryd (IMI) przede wszystkim w paszy. Celem niniejszego badania była ocena wpływu in vitro różnych stężeń IMI na ruchliwość, aktywność mitochondrialną i żywotność plemników kogutów.
**MATERIAŁY I METODY**
Doświadczenie przeprowadzono na 10 kogutach rasy zielononóżka kuropatwiana. Nasienie pobierano dwa razy w tygodniu metodą masażu grzbietowo-brzusznego, a następnie łączono. Próbki inkubowano z różnymi stężeniami IMI (0 mM, 0,5 mM, 5 mM, 10 mM, 50 mM) i analizowano po 1 i 3 godzinach inkubacji w 37°C. Żywotność plemników oceniano za pomocą SYBR-14 i jodku propidyny (PI) i potencjał błony mitochondrialnej sprawdzano za pomocą barwników JC-1 i PI przy użyciu cytometru przepływowego. Parametry ruchliwości plemników takie jak: odsetek ruchliwych plemników (MOT), odsetek plemników poruszających się progresywnie (PMOT), szybkość ruchu plemników względem ścieżki przybliżonej (VAP), szybkość ruchu postępowego (VSL) i szybkość względem zarejestrowanego toru plemników (VCL) oceniano przy użyciu systemu CASA.
**WYNIKI I DYSKUSJA**
Dodanie pestycydów po 1h inkubacji nie zmieniło odsetka ruchliwych plemników. Niskie stężenie IMI (0,5 mM) znacząco (P<0,05) zmniejszyło odsetek plemników progresywnych, ale wyższe stężenia je zachowały (P>0,05). Dodatkowo, 0,5, 5, 10 mM IMI znacząco zmniejszyły (P<0,05) prędkości plemników (VAP, VCL, VSL). Jednak plemniki po inkubacji z 50 mM IMI były nadal szybkie. Nie stwierdzono istotnych różnic w parametrach prędkości - VAP i VSL po 3 godzinach inkubacji. Dodanie IMI w stężeniach 5 mM i 10 mM spowodowało znaczny spadek szybkości plemników VCL, podczas gdy dodanie 50 mM utrzymało prędkość plemników na wyższym poziomie. IMI nie wpłynął na żywotność plemników po 1h i 3h inkubacji. Niemniej jednak, 50 mM IMI znacząco zwiększyło odsetek plemników o wysokim potencjale mitochondrialnym po 1h (P<0,05). Po 3 godzinach inkubacji stymulujący wpływ IMI został wyciszony.
**KONKLUSJE**
Różne stężenia pestycydów wpływają na ruchliwość plemników na różne sposoby. Choć nie wpływają one na ogólną ruchliwość komórek, niskie stężenia IMI zmniejszają liczbę plemników progresywnych i sprawiają, że są one wolniejsze. Z kolei przy najwyższym stężeniu IMI plemniki są nadal szybkie i progresywne. Potwierdza to najwyższy odsetek plemników o wysokim potencjale mitochondrialnym. IMI nie wpływa na żywotność plemników podczas badanego okresu inkubacji, co oznacza, że zmiana ruchliwości nie jest związana ze śmiercią komórek.
Badania finansowane przez Narodowe Centrum Nauki, projekt nr 2021/43/B/NZ9/01550.
LivestockSense project vs barriers to the use of information and communication tools on poultry farms
K. Olejnik\textsuperscript{1}, E. Popiela\textsuperscript{1}, D. Konkol\textsuperscript{2}, M. Korczynski\textsuperscript{2}, I. Tikasz\textsuperscript{3}, T. Banhazi\textsuperscript{4}, S. Opalinski\textsuperscript{1}
\textsuperscript{1}Department of Environmental Hygiene and Animal Welfare, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Poland
\textsuperscript{2}Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Management, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Poland
\textsuperscript{3}Institute of Agricultural Economics Nonprofit Kft., Budapest, Hungary
\textsuperscript{4}AgHiTech LTD, Budapest, Hungary
KEYWORDS: livestock production, laying hens, broiler chickens, precision livestock farming
INTRODUCTION
Information and communication tools (ICT) in agriculture are becoming more common. Despite the proven benefits and environmental issues, their implementation still meets hesitation on the part of breeders. The multinational LivestockSense project aimed to identify these barriers to the broader use of modern technologies in livestock production.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
ICT tools were delivered to 11 farms, and the ADAMS database (Automated Data Analysis & Management System) was developed. Quantitative and qualitative studies were conducted to understand attitudes towards ICT tools. 145 poultry farmers completed questionnaires, and focus group discussions included various representatives from the poultry production sector.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Both users (U) and respondents not using ICT tools (NU) agree with the statement that modern technologies provide information in real-time (89% of U and 67% of NU) and have a positive impact on improving the efficiency (88% of U vs 56% of NU), with the most significant differences being that ICT tools are easy to access (69% of U and 19% of NU) and that they work reliably (61% of U and 22% NU). The use of sensors for microclimate monitoring was provided to breeders, along with data analyses. A decision tree classifier was developed, providing farm-specific recommendations for overcoming adoption barriers.
CONCLUSIONS
The research results show that producers are willing to implement PLF technology, providing attractive prices and reliable maintenance services. Ownership of collected data and problems with internet connectivity are significant obstacles, mostly in rural areas. This article reports on the result related to the LivestockSense project that received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 861665 ERA-NET ICT-Agri-Food. The authors acknowledge the contribution of AgHiTech Kft (HU), Institute of Agricultural Economics (HU), Galilei Research Institute Ltd. (IL), SBA Research (AT), and Invite ApS. (DK), Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SE), Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences (PL), Estonia University of Life Sciences (EE), Aarhus University (DK) and the co-funding of the following organisations: NRDI Funds (HU), Israel Innovation Authority (IL), Bundesministerium, LRT Fund (AT), GUDP (DK), Ministry of Rural Affairs (EE), The National Centre for Research and Development (PL) and FORMAS (SE).
Projekt LivestockSense a bariery w wykorzystaniu narzędzi ICT na fermach drobiu
K. Olejnik¹, E. Popiela¹, D. Konkol², M. Korczynski², I. Tikasz³, T. Banhazi⁴, S. Opalinski¹
¹Katedra Higieny Środowiska i Dobrostanu Zwierząt, Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy we Wrocławiu, Polska
²Katedra Żywnienia Zwierząt i Paszoznawstwa, Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy we Wrocławiu, Polska
³Institute of Agricultural Economics Nonprofit Kft., Budapeszt, Węgry
⁴AgHiTech LTD, Budapeszt, Węgry
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE: produkcja zwierzęca, kura nioska, kurczeta rzeźne, precyzyjne metody chowu, narzędzia informacyjno-komunikacyjne
WSTĘP
Narzędzia informacyjno – komunikacyjne (ICT) w rolnictwie stają się coraz bardziej powszechne. Pomimo udowodnionych korzyści, szczególnie w odniesieniu do aspektów środowiskowych związanych z produkcją zwierzęcą, ich wdrożenie wciąż spotyka się z oporem hodowców. Międzynarodowy projekt LivestockSense miał na celu identyfikację kluczowych barier, będących przeszkodą dla szerszego wykorzystania tego typu nowoczesnych technologii w produkcji drobiarskiej.
MATERIAŁ I METODY
Narzędzia ICT zostały dostarczone do 11 ferm, a uzyskane informacje pomogły w opracowaniu bazy danych ADAMS (Automated Data Analysis and Management System). Przeprowadzono także badania ilościowe i jakościowe, aby zrozumieć stosunek producentów do narzędzi ICT. Kwestionariusze wypełniło 145 hodowców drobiu, natomiast dyskusje w grupach fokusowych obejmowały przedstawicieli różnych branż z sektora produkcji drobiarskiej.
WYNIKI I DYSKUSJA
Zarówno użytkownicy (U) jak respondenci niekorzystający (NU) z narzędzi ICT zgadzają się ze stwierdzeniem, że tego typu rozwiązania dostarczają informacji w czasie rzeczywistym (89% dla U i 67% dla NU) oraz pozytywnie wpływają na efektywność produkcji zwierzeczej (88% dla U i 56% dla NU), przy czym największe rozbieżności w ocenie dotyczyły łatwości dostępu do narzędzi ICT (69% dla U i 19% dla NU) oraz ich niezawodności (61% dla U i 22% dla NU). Hodowcom udostępniono urządzenia do monitorowania mikroklimatu oraz analizy uzyskanych danych. Opracowano klasyfikator drzewa decyzyjnego, dostarczający zaleceń dla poszczególnych gospodarstw w celu przezwyciężenia barier związanych z korzystaniem z ICT na fermie.
WNIOSKI
Wyniki badań pokazują, że hodowcy chętnie wdrażają technologie PLF, przy zapewnieniu atrakcyjnych cen i rzetelnego serwisu. Poważne przeszkody, głównie na obszarach wiejskich, to prawo własności do zebranych danych i problemy z dostępem do internetu. Badania przeprowadzono w ramach działalności WZBadawczego UPWr - Zootechnika Przyszłości (ASc4Future), a sfinansowano ze środków NCBR, umowa nr. ICTAGRIFOOD/I/LIVESTOCKSENSE/01/21, w ramach unijnego programu badań naukowych i innowacji "Horyzont 2020", umowa o udzielenie dotacji nr 862665 ERA-NET ICT-AGRI-FOOD.
The effect of selected dietary fat inclusion in broiler diets on selected gastrointestinal tract microbiota
P. Szymkowiak, M. R. Aslam, B. Kierończyk, D. Józefiak
Poznań University of Life Sciences
Department of Animal Nutrition, Wolynska 33, 60-647 Poznań, Polska
KEYWORDS: dietary fat, insects, *Hermetia illucens*, broiler chicken, microbiota
INTRODUCTION
The aim of the study was to determine the effect of the inclusion of selected dietary fats in broiler chicken diets on the gastrointestinal tract microecosystem.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
In total, 800 one-day-old chicks (Ross 308) were randomly assigned to 8 experimental groups (10 replications, ten birds each). Chickens were fed ad libitum from day 1 to day 35. The design of the experiment was set up as follows: HI - fat derived from *H. illucens* larvae; SO - soybean oil; RO - rapeseed oil; PO - palm oil; PKFD - palm kernel fatty acid distillate; PF – poultry fat; PL – lard; BT - beef tallow. At the end (35 d), the digestive tract contents, i.e., from the crop, jejunum, and ceca, were collected for further microbiological analyses – fluorescence *in situ* hybridization (FISH). The obtained results were subjected to statistical analysis (Kruskal–Wallis test, Dunn's post hoc test), assuming the significance of differences at $p < 0.05$.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
In the crop content, an increase in the total number of microorganisms (DAPI) in SO, RO, PO, PL, and BT was noted compared to the reference group (HI). In addition, increased proliferation of *Clostridium perfringens* was noticed, and *Lactobacillus/Enterococcus* spp. in BF and *Clostridium coccoides/Eubacterium rectale* cluster in PKFD. In terms of the size of the other analyzed microbiota populations, the *Bacteroides-Prevotella* cluster, *Clostridium leptum* subgroup and Enterobacteriaceae, no significant differences between treatments were found. In the jejunum, a decrease in DAPI in PKFD was noted in relation to the reference group (HI). Both vegetable oils (PO and PKFD) and animal fats (PF and BT) reduced the number of *C. perfringens*. Moreover, in the SO, PO and BT groups, there was an increase in lactic acid fermentation bacteria. In the case of the cecal microecosystem, an increase in the proliferation of the total number of bacteria was observed in the PF and PL groups compared to the HI group.
CONCLUSION
The use of dietary fat obtained from *H. illucens* larvae does not exhibit a negative impact on the chicken gut microecosystem. In addition, its effect is comparable to that of commonly used soybean oil.
This work was supported by an OPUS-20 grant titled “The role of *Hermetia illucens* larvae fat in poultry nutrition – from the nutritive value to the health status of broiler chickens” (no. 2020/39/B/NZ9/00237), which was financed by the National Science Center (Poland).
Wpływ zastosowania wybranych tłuszczów paszowych w dietach brojlerów na mikrobiotę jelitową
P. Szymkowiak, M. R. Aslam, B. Kierończyk, D. Józefiak
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Poznaniu, Wydział Medycyny Weterynaryjnej i Nauk i Zwierzętach
Katedra Żywienia Zwierząt, Ul. Wołyńska 33, 60-647 Poznań, Polska
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE: tłuszcz paszowy, owady, *Hermetia illucens*, kurczeta rzeźne, mikrobiota
**WSTĘP**
Celem badania było określenie wpływu zastosowania wybranych tłuszczów paszowych w dietach kurcząt rzeźnych na mikroekosystem przewodu pokarmowego.
**MATERIAŁ I METODY**
W doświadczeniu wykorzystano 800 kurek (Ross 308) losowo przydzielonych do 8 grup doświadczalnych (10 powtórzeń po 10 ptaków). Kurczęta żywiono *ad libitum* od 1 do 35 doby. Zastosowano następujący układ doświadczenia: HI – tłuszcz z larw *H. illucens*; SO – olej sojowy; RO – olej rzepakowy; PO – olej palmowy; PKFD – destylat kwasów tłuszczowych z nasion palmy oleistej; PF – tłuszcz drobiowy; PL – smalec; BT – tój wołowy. W 35 dobie doświadczenia pobrano treść przewodu pokarmowego, tj. wola, jelita cienkiego oraz jelit ślepych, w celu przeprowadzenia analizy mikrobiologii molekularnej, tj. fluorescencyjnej hybrydyzacji *in situ* (FISH). Uzyskane wyniki poddano analizie statystycznej (Test Kruskala-Wallis’a, test post hoc Dunn’a) przy założeniu istotności różnic na poziomie $p < 0,05$.
**WYNIKI I DYSKUSJA**
W przypadku zmian mikrobioty w wolu kurcząt odnotowano wzrost ($p<0,001$) liczebności ogólnej liczby mikroorganizmów (DAPI) w grupach SO, RO, PO, PL i BT w porównaniu do grupy referencyjnej (HI). Ponadto wykazano zwiększoną proliferację *Clostridium perfringens* ($p=0,005$) oraz *Lactobacillus/Enterococcus* spp. w grupie BF czy *Clostridium coccoide-Eubacterium rectale* cluster w PKFD. W ramach liczebności pozostałych analizowanych populacji mikrobioty, tj. *Bacteroides-Prevotella* cluster, *Clostridium leptum* subgroup i Eneterobacteriaceae nie wykazano istotnych różnic między grupami. W treści jelita cienkiego notowano obniżenie DAPI w PKFD odnosząc się do grupy referencyjnej (HI). Zarówno tłuszcze roślinne (PO i PKFD) jak i zwierzęce (PF i BT) ograniczały liczebność *C. perfringens*. Co więcej, w grupach SO, PO i BT odnotowano wzrost bakterii fermentacji kwasu mlekowego. W przypadku zmian mikrobioty jelit ślepych obserwowano zwiększenie proliferacji ogólnej liczby bakterii w grupach PF i PL w porównaniu do HI.
**WNIOSKI**
Stosowanie tłuszczu z larw *H. illucens* nie oddziałuje negatywnie na mikroekosystem przewodu pokarmowego kurcząt. Ponadto jego oddziaływanie jest porównywalne z powszechnie stosowanym olejem sojowym.
Praca została sfinansowana przez Narodowe Centrum Nauki w ramach projektu OPUS 20, pt. „Rola tłuszczu pozyskanego z larw *Hermetia illucens* w żywieniu drobiu – od wartości pokarmowej do statusu zdrowotnego kurcząt rzeźnych”, nr. 2020/39/B/NZ9/00237.
Evaluation of the prebiotic properties of crude fibre concentrate
J. Urban\textsuperscript{1}, M. Michalczuk\textsuperscript{1}, A. Lange\textsuperscript{2}, D. Bien\textsuperscript{1}, A. Matuszewski\textsuperscript{3}, A. Jaroszek\textsuperscript{4}, S. Jaworski\textsuperscript{2}
Warsaw University of Life Sciences
\textsuperscript{1}Department of Animal Breeding, Institute of Animal Sciences
\textsuperscript{2}Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology,
\textsuperscript{3}Department of Animal Environment Biology, Institute of Animal Sciences
\textsuperscript{4}RETTENMAIER Polska Sp. z o.o., Bitwy Warszawskiej 1920 r. 7b, 02-366 Warsaw, Poland
KEY WORDS: ARBOCEL\textsuperscript{®}, prebiotic, probiotic microorganisms, broiler chickens
INTRODUCTION
The carbohydrate fraction is one of the most important component of the feed mixture for regulating the activity of the intestinal microbiome of broilers, especially with regard to crude fibre, which is not digested (Wagner and Thomas, 1978; Józefiak et al., 2010). Crude fibre with prebiotic properties influences intestinal bacteria populations differently depending on the type, amount used and origin of the carbohydrates of which it is composed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prebiotic properties of the lignocellulosic crude fibre concentrate ARBOCEL\textsuperscript{®}.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
In the first experiment 5 pure cultures of probiotic microorganisms were used. The 100 mL of liquid MRS medium was inoculated with 100 µL of a suspension of microorganisms. A total of 30 flasks were used, 6 (3 control flasks contained pure MRS medium and the other 3 experimental flasks containing 1% lignocellulosic crude fibre concentrate ARBOCEL\textsuperscript{®}) for each of the 5 microorganisms. The cultures were then incubated at 37°C for 48 hours. After the incubation process, the Presto Blue test and a series of 10-fold dilutions was performed to counted the number of microorganism colonies. In the second experiment the study material consisted of 990 male chicks of the Ross 308 divided into 3 groups (control and two experimental) in 5 replicates each. The differentiating factor was the addition of ARBOCEL\textsuperscript{®} in the feed for the experimental groups (0.4-1.2%). On the 35\textsuperscript{th} day of rearing, a 2 g cecal fragment was collected post-mortem from 6 chickens from each group and shaken in 20 mL of 0.9% NaCl for 24 hours. A series of 10-fold dilutions of the material was then prepared and cultures were performed in triplicate on MRS media (to determine the number of lactic acid bacteria) and ENDO media (to determine the number of \textit{Enterobacteriaceae}).
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
For all five commercial probiotics the number of colony-forming units per mL (CFU/mL) and the viability were higher ($p \leq 0.05$) in the groups with added crude fiber concentrate. The addition of crude fibre concentrate in both experimental groups had a beneficial effect on the growth and slaughter performance parameters of the birds. For lactic acid bacteria from the caecal content, the number of cfu/ml was higher ($p \leq 0.05$) in the groups fed feed with crude fibre concentrate. The positive effects of using lignocellulose in the diet of broiler chickens on increasing the abundance of lactic acid-producing bacteria in the caecum are confirmed by studies by Makivić et al. (2018), Sozcu (2019) and Röhe and Zentek (2021).
CONCLUSIONS
The addition of 1% crude fibre concentrate increased the number and viability for all probiotic microorganism strains which were used. The use of an addition of crude fibre concentrate (0.4-1.2%, depending on the phase of feeding) in broiler chicken feed had a positive effect on the number of cfu/ml of lactic acid-producing bacteria from the cecal content of the birds. ARBOCEL\textsuperscript{®} crude fibre concentrate exhibits prebiotic properties.
Ocena właściwości prebiotycznych koncentratu włókna surowego
J. Urban¹, M. Michalczuk¹, A. Lange², D. Bien¹, A. Matuszewski³, A. Jaroszek⁴, S. Jaworski²
¹Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie, Katedra Hodowli Zwierząt, Instytut Nauk o Zwierzętach,
²Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie, Katedra Nanobioteknologii, Instytut Biologii,
³Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie, Katedra Biologii Środowiska Zwierząt,
⁴RETTEINMAIER Polska Sp. z o.o., Bitwy Warszawskiej 1920 r. 7b, 02-366 Warszawa, Polska
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE: ARBOCEL®, prebiotyk, mikroorganizmy probiotyczne, kurczeta brojlera
WSTĘP
Frakcja węglowodanowa jest jednym z ważniejszych składników mieszanek paszowej regulującym aktywność mikrobiomu jelitowego u brojlerów, szczególnie w odniesieniu do włókna surowego, które nie ulega procesowi trawienia (Wagner i Thomas, 1978; Jóźefiak i in., 2010). Włókno surowe o właściwościach prebiotycznych korzystnie wpływa na populację bakterii bytujących w jelitach w różny sposób w zależności od rodzaju, zastosowanej ilości i pochodzenia węglowodanów, z których jest zbudowane. Celem doświadczenia była ocena właściwości prebiotycznych lignocelulozowego koncentratu włókna surowego.
MATERIAŁ I METODY
W pierwszym doświadczeniu wykorzystano 5 czystych kultur mikroorganizmów probiotycznych. 100 ml płynnego podłoża MRS zaszczepiono 100 µl zawiesiny mikroorganizmów. Łącznie wykorzystano 30 kolb, po 6 (3 kolby kontrolne zawierały czyste podłoże MRS, a pozostałe 3 doświadczalne dodatek 1% lignocelulozowego koncentratu włókna surowego ARBOCEL®) na każdy z 5 mikroorganizmów. Następnie hodowle inkubowano w temp. 37°C przez okres 48 godzin. Po procesie inkubacji wykonano test Presto Blue oraz szereg 10-cio krotnych rozcieńczeń w celu przeprowadzenia badania ilościowego mikroorganizmów. W drugim doświadczeniu materiał do badań stanowiło 990 seksowanych piskląt Ross 308 podzielonych na 3 grupy (kontrolna oraz dwie doświadczalne) w 5 powtórzeniach każda. Czynnikiem różnicującym był dodatek produktu ARBOCEL® w paszy dla grup doświadczalnych (0,4-1,2%). W 35 dniu odchowu od 6 kogutów z każdej grupy pobrano poubojowo 2 g jelita ślepego, które następnie wytrząsano w 20 ml 0,9% NaCl przez 24 godziny. W dalszej kolejności przygotowano szereg 10-cio krotnych rozcieńczeń i wykonywano posiewy w trzech powtórzeniach na podłożach MRS (w celu określenia liczby bakterii kwasu mlekowego) i ENDO (w celu określenia liczby bakterii z grupy Enterobacteriaceae).
WYNIKI I DYSKUSJA
Dla wszystkich pięciu komercyjnych probiotyków liczba jednostek tworzących kolonie na ml (jtk/ml) oraz żywotność były większe (p ≤ 0,05) w grupach z dodatkiem koncentratu włókna surowego. Zastosowanie dodatku koncentratu włókna surowego w obu grupach doświadczalnych korzystnie wpłynęło na wyniki odchowu i parametry wydajności rzeźnej ptaków. W przypadku bakterii kwasu mlekowego z treści jelita ślepego liczba jtk/ml była większa (p ≤ 0,05) w grupach żywionych paszą z dodatkiem koncentratu włókna surowego. Pozytywne efekty wykorzystania lignocelulozy w diecie kurcząt na zwiększenie liczebności bakterii z grupy produkujących kwas mlekowy w jelcie ślepym potwierdzają badania Makivić i wsp. (2018), Sozcu (2019) i Röhe i Zentek (2021).
WNIOSKI
Dodatek koncentratu włókna surowego w dawce 1% zwiększa liczbę jtk/ml i żywotność w przypadku wykorzystanych szczepów mikroorganizmów probiotycznych. Zastosowanie w paszy dla kurcząt brojlerów dodatku koncentratu włókna surowego (0,4-1,2%, w zależności od fazy żywienia) wpłynęło pozytywnie na liczebność jtk/ml bakterii produkujących kwas mlekowy z treści jelit ślepych ptaków. Koncentrat włókna surowego ARBOCEL® wykazuje właściwości prebiotyczne.
Wykład plenarny/ Plenary lecture
Poultry production has been one of the most dynamically developing branches of agriculture for years, both nationally and globally. Its further development is challenged to provide high-quality animal-derived food for the growing global population, with limited natural resources. A key aspect of the development of animal production, including poultry, will be the fulfillment of complete sustainability principles, taking into account the needs of the current population, but in a way that does not limit the needs, opportunities, and developmental chances of future generations. Sustainable poultry farming and breeding will concern three main aspects, namely animal welfare, environmental protection, and consumer safety, primarily including:
- ensuring high welfare and health status of birds, among others, by limiting stressogenic factors in intensive production conditions,
- reducing the negative impact on the natural environment, including increasing the share of less intensive production systems,
- significant limitation of the use of antibiotics in poultry production,
- maximum utilization of local feed materials, including sources of feed protein with a low carbon footprint, among others, feeds from unconventional and waste sources, which will contribute to the development of a circular economy,
- meeting the growing consumer needs for the highest quality poultry products, including both their dietary and sensory values.
Ensuring further development of poultry production, taking into account the principles of sustainable growth, will require progress, innovation, and the implementation of new technologies in various zootechnical specializations, including poultry nutrition and feed science. Therefore, this lecture presents current scientific achievements, analyzing national research in the light of global research trends, primarily including:
- the use of nutritional methods in controlling the physiological status, including the microbiological balance of the gastrointestinal tract, as a tool to ensure high welfare and health of birds,
- searching for and evaluating the effectiveness of natural feed additives, among others, as alternatives to antibiotics and coccidiostats,
- the use of nutritional methods to reduce the impact of stressogenic factors on the bird's body in intensive production conditions, including heat stress and high animal stocking,
- searching for, then determining and improving the nutritional value of local sources of feed protein and other feed components,
- analysis of the effectiveness of nutritional factors in terms of reducing the negative impact of poultry production on the natural environment, among others, by improving the efficiency of protein and other feed components utilization.
Aktualne trendy i osiągnięcia w badaniach z zakresu żywienia drobiu
Sylwester Świątkiewicz, Anna Arczewska-Włosek
Instytut Zootechniki – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy w Krakowie
Zakład Żywienia Zwierząt i Paszoznawstwa
Ul. Krakowska 1, 32-083-Balice
Produkcja drobiarska jest od lat jedną z najdynamiczniej rozwijających się gałęzi rolnictwa, zarówno w skali krajowej, jak i światowej. Dalszy jej rozwój będzie warunkowany wyzwaniem zapewnienia wysokiej jakości żywności pochodzenia zwierzęcego dla rosnącej, światowej populacji ludności, przy ograniczonych zasobach naturalnych. Kluczowym aspektem rozwoju produkcji zwierzęcej, w tym drobiarskiej, będzie spełnienie zasad pełnego zrównoważenia, z uwzględnieniem potrzeb obecnej populacji, ale w sposób nieograniczający potrzeb, możliwości i szans rozwojowych przyszłych pokoleń. Zrównoważony chów i hodowla drobiu będą dotyczyły trzech głównych aspektów, to jest dobrostanu zwierząt, ochrony środowiska i bezpieczeństwa konsumentów, obejmując przede wszystkim:
- zapewnienie wysokiego dobrostanu i statusu zdrowotnego ptaków, między innymi poprzez ograniczania działania czynników stresogennych w warunkach intensywnej produkcji,
- ograniczenie negatywnego wpływu na środowisko naturalne, w tym zwiększenie odsetka mniej intensywnych systemów produkcji,
- znaczące ograniczenie stosowania środków przeciwdrobnoustrojowych w odchowie,
- jak największe wykorzystanie lokalnych materiałów paszowych, w tym źródeł białka paszowego, o niskim ślądzie węglowym, między innymi pasz ze źródeł niekonwencjonalnych i odpadowych, co przyczyni się do rozwoju gospodarki zamkniętego obiegu,
- sprostanie rosnącym potrzebom konsumentów w zakresie jak najwyższej jakości produktów drobiarskich, obejmującym zarówno jej walory dietetyczne, jak i sensoryczne.
Zapewnienie dalszego rozwoju produkcji drobiarskiej, uwzględniającego zasady zrównoważonego wzrostu, będzie wymagało postępu, innowacji i wdrożeń nowych technologii w zakresie różnych specjalizacji zootechnicznych, w tym również w zakresie żywienia drobiu i paszoznawstwa. W referacie przedstawiono, zatem, aktualne osiągnięcia naukowe, analizując krajowe prace na tle światowych trendów badawczych, obejmujące przede wszystkim:
- wykorzystanie metod żywieniowych w sterowaniu statusem fizjologicznym, w tym równowągą mikrobiologiczną przewodu pokarmowego, jako narzędzia zapewnienia wysokiego dobrostanu i zdrowotności ptaków,
- poszukiwanie i ocena efektywności naturalnych dodatków paszowych, między innymi jako alternatywy dla antybiotyków,
- wykorzystanie metod żywieniowych do zmniejszania oddziaływania czynników stresogennych na organizm ptaków w warunkach intensywnej produkcji, w tym wysokiej temperatury i obsady zwierząt,
- poszukiwanie, a następnie określenie i poprawa wartości żywieniowej lokalnych źródeł białka paszowego i innych składników pokarmowych,
- analiza skuteczności czynników żywieniowych w aspekcie ograniczenia negatywnego wpływu produkcji drobiarskiej na środowisko naturalne, między innymi poprzez poprawę efektywności wykorzystania białka i innych składników pokarmowych.
Sesja Naukowa/ Scientific Session
Żywienie drobiu/ Poultry Nutrition
Soybean Processing Methods: Impact on Protein Digestibility and Environmental Nitrogen Reduction
M. U. Asghar $^1$, Q. U. A. Sajid $^2$, M. Wilk $^1$, D. Konkol $^1$, M. Korczyński $^1$
$^1$ Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences
Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland
$^2$ Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University
Department of Plant Production and Technologies, 51240 Niğde, Turkey
KEY WORDS: nitrogen emission, one health, protein digestibility, soybean processing methods, amino acids
ABSTRACT
Soybean meal (SBM) is a valuable protein source for poultry. SBM processing aims to reduce anti-nutritional factors (ANFs) and enhance nutrient digestibility. Various methods like soaking, cooking, and extrusion heating improve SBM protein digestibility and reduce ANFs. To sustain feeding qualities, soybeans must be heated to remove inherent chemicals that interfere with the poultry digestive tract. However, both under and over-processing of soybeans might impair the digestibility of essential components in the meal. Extrusion heating greatly contributes in protein and starch digestibility of the prepared meals while also dramatically reducing certain ANFs. Thermomechanical and enzyme-assisted procedures reduce heat-resistant proteins, activating digestive enzymes and reducing endogenous protein deficits. Exogenous enzyme supplementation enhances SBM’s nutritional content. However, different processing methods impact protein digestibility, poultry production, gastrointestinal health, and the environment due to nitrogen excrement. The most serious risk for environmental contamination from chicken farming is ammonia NH$_3$. While birds eat protein, they produce uric acid, which in optimal circumstances can be converted to NH$_3$. It has a negative impact on the environment and health of birds/humans. This review investigates processing techniques’ impact on SBM digestibility and nitrogen reduction for the "One Health" concept. Future research should optimize processing methods for maximum protein digestibility and minimal environmental impacts.
Metody przetwarzania soi: wpływ na strawność białka oraz redukcję emisji azotu do środowiska
M. U. Asghar ¹, Q. U. A. Sajid ², M. Wilk ¹, D. Konkol ¹, M. Korczyński ¹
¹ Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy we Wrocławiu
Katedra Żywienia Zwierząt I Paszoznawstwa, Chelmońskiego 38C, 51-630 Wrocław, Polska
² Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University
Katedra Technologii i Produkcji Roślinnej, 51240 Niğde, Turcja
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE: emisja azotu, jedno zdrowie, strawność białka, metody przetwarzania soi, aminokwasy
ABSTRAKT
Śruta sojowa jest wartościowym źródłem białka dla drobiu. Przetwarzanie śruty sojowej ma na celu redukcję zawartości substancji antyżywieniowych oraz poprawę strawności składników pokarmowych. Różne metody, takie jak prażenie czy ekstruzja poprawiają strawność białka w śrucie sojowej i zmniejszają udział substancji antyżywieniowych. Aby zachować właściwości odżywcze, ziarna soi muszą być obrabiane termicznie, aby usunąć naturalne substancje chemiczne, które zakłócają funkcjonowanie przewodu pokarmowego drobiu. Jednak zarówno niedostateczna, jak i nadmierna obróbka nasion soi może pogorszyć strawność składników pokarmowych w śrucie. Ekstruzja w dużym stopniu przyczynia się do zwiększenia strawności białka i skrobi w śrucie, jednocześnie radykalnie redukując poziom niektórych substancji antyżywieniowych. Obróbka termomechaniczna i wspomagana enzymami redukuje poziom białek termoodpornych, aktywując enzymy trawienné i redukując deficyty białek. Suplementacja enzymami egzogennymi zwiększa wartość odżywczą śruty sojowej. Jednakże, różne metody przetwarzania wpływają na strawność białka, funkcjonowanie przewodu pokarmowego i środowisko naturalne z powodu uwalniania azotu. Najpoważniejszym zagrożeniem środowiska wynikającym z hodowli drobiu jest amoniak NH₃. Podeczas gdy ptaki pobierają białko, produkują kwas moczowy, który w optymalnych warunkach może zostać przekształcony w NH₃. Ma to negatywny wpływ na środowisko i zdrowie ptaków/ludzi. W niniejszym przeglądzie zbadano wpływ technik przetwarzania na strawność śruty sojowej i redukcję poziomu azotu w ramach koncepcji „Jedno zdrowie”. Przyszłe badania powinny zoptymalizować metody przetwarzania pod kątem maksymalnej strawności białka i minimalnego wpływu na środowisko.
Comparing the effectiveness of starch digestion between broiler chickens and pigs fed different starch sources
L. S. Bassi\textsuperscript{1,2}, M. Hejdysz\textsuperscript{1}, P. Kolodziejski\textsuperscript{1}, A. Smith\textsuperscript{3}, J. O. B. Sorbara\textsuperscript{3}, A. Cowieson\textsuperscript{3}, S. Kaczmarek\textsuperscript{1}, B. Svihus
\textsuperscript{1}Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
\textsuperscript{2}Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
\textsuperscript{3}DSM Nutritional Products, Kaiseraugst, Switzerland
\textsuperscript{1}Department of Animal Nutrition
ul. Wołyńska 33, 60-637 Poznań, Poland
KEYWORDS: Broilers, Digestibility, Starch, Pigs
INTRODUCTION
Broilers are exceedingly efficient at digesting starch, with coefficients of ileal digestibility reportedly above 0.95. In pigs, ileal starch digestibility coefficients between 0.85 and 0.95 have been reported, representing a considerable difference to broilers that could be linked to physiological aspects. This study investigated the hypothesis that broilers and pigs may have distinct starch digestion capacities. Different starch sources were also used to assess possible interactions with both species.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
In total, 10 replicates of 2 broilers (14-d-old) or 1 pig (averaging 20 kg body weight) each were distributed into a 3 x 2 randomized factorial design with 3 dietary treatments (maize, barley, oats-based pelleted diets) and the 2 species. Particle sizes of ground corn, barley, and oats were 506, 598, and 520 µm, respectively. Nutritional composition of the diet was equal for both species. Experimental diets were fed to both species for 10 days, and at the last day, animals were euthanized for sampling of gizzard/stomach and intestinal contents.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The results indicate that both species were similarly efficient on digesting starch, but they differed on some aspects. Broilers had higher apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of dry matter (DM; 0.69) and crude protein (CP; 0.75) than pigs (0.66 and 0.67), presented a greater volume of small particles (0 to 0.1 mm) in the duodenal digesta and had a lower gizzard pH (3.68) than stomach of pigs (4.48; P<0.05) regardless of diets. The main effects of diets suggest that starch utilization is more potently related to its dietary sources. In the jejunum, particle size of the digesta was lower in broilers fed oats compared to other treatments, and oat diets led to higher starch digestibility (0.96) than maize and barley to both species. Jejunal digestibility of DM and CP was lower in pigs fed barley than other treatments (P<0.05). In the ileum, starch digestibility was higher for broilers fed oats (0.99) than broilers fed barley (0.94; P<0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
Starch digestibility was similar between pigs and broilers, and oats provided, in general, a superior starch availability than maize and barley. It is worth investigating if smaller particle size of duodenal content may explain a rapid digestion in broilers. Dynamics of cereals*species in CP digestibility are also worth further investigation.
Trawienie skrobi przez kurczęta brojlery i świnie żywione różnymi jej źródłami
L. S. Bassi\textsuperscript{1,2}, M. Hejdysz\textsuperscript{1}, P. Kolodziejski\textsuperscript{1}, A. Smith\textsuperscript{3}, J. O. B. Sorbara\textsuperscript{3}, A. Cowieson\textsuperscript{3}, S. Kaczmarek\textsuperscript{1}, B. Svilhus
\textsuperscript{1}Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Poznaniu, Katedra Żywienia Zwierząt, Poznań, Poland
\textsuperscript{2}Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
\textsuperscript{3}DSM Nutritional Products, Kaiseraugst, Switzerland.
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE: Kurczęta Brojlery, Strawność, Skrobia, Świnie
WSTĘP
Kurczęta są bardzo efektywne w trawieniu skrobi, współczynnik strawności jelitowej powyżej 0,95 nie jest niezwykły. W przypadku świń, współczynnik strawności jelitowej skrobi oscyluje w przedziale od 0,85 do 0,95, co może wskazywać na istotne różnice fizjologiczne pomiędzy tymi gatunkami. Celem doświadczenia było zweryfikowanie hipotezy, iż świnie i kury mają różne możliwości trawienia skrobi. Dodatkowo badano różne źródła skrobi w celu zidentyfikowania potencjalnych interakcji.
MATERIAŁ I METODY
W doświadczeniu użyto 10 powtórzeń z dwoma ptakami (w wieku 14 dni) lub 1 świnią (o średniej masie ciała 20 kg). Zastosowano zrandomizowany układ doświadczenia (3 x 2). Trzy źródła skrobi (kukurydza, jęczmień, owsie, wszystkie diety granulowane) i dwa gatunki (świnia i kura). Wielkość cząsteczek śrutu kukurydzianej, jęczmiennej i owsianej, wynosiła odpowiednio 506, 598, i 520 μm. Wartość pokarmowa mieszanek była identyczna dla obu gatunków. Diety podawano przez 10 dni i ostatniego dnia zwierzęta zostały ubite w celu pobrania prób.
WYNIKI I DYSKUSJA
Wyniki wskazują, że oba gatunki charakteryzują się taką samą efektywnością trawienia skrobi, jednakże różnią się w pewnych aspektach. Kurczęta charakteryzował się wyższą pozorną strawnością jelitową (AID) suchej masy (DM; 0,69) i białka ogólnego (CP; 0,75) niż świnie (0,66 i 0,67). Ponadto, kurczęta miały większą objętość cząsteczek treści (0 do 0,1 mm) w dwunastnicy i niższe pH treści żołądka mięśniowego (3,68) niż świnie (4,48; P<0,05), było to niezależne od użytej diety. Wyniki sugerują także że wykorzystanie skrobi zależy w większym stopniu od źródła (kukurydza, jęczmień lub owsie) niż od gatunku zwierzęcia. Wielkość cząsteczek treści z jelita czczego kurcząt żywionych dietą owsianą była mniejsza niż w przypadku pozostałych diet. Dodatkowo, strawność skrobi z owsa była najwyższa (0,96) dla obu gatunków. Strawność DM i CP na poziomie jelita czczego, była niższa u świń żywionych jęczmieniem w porównaniu do innych grup (P<0,05). W jelicie krętym, strawność skrobi u kurcząt żywionych owsem była wyższa (0,99) niż u ptaków żywionych jęczmieniem (0,94; P<0,05).
WNIOSKI
Strawność skrobi była podobna u obu gatunków. Skrobia z owsa była lepiej trawiona niż z kukurydzy i jęczmienia. Wartym wyjaśnienia wydaje się być interakcja pomiędzy źródłem skrobi a gatunkiem, w przypadku strawności CP.
Cannabidiol preparation and production parameters of laying hens
Fallahi, S.\textsuperscript{1}, Bobak, L.\textsuperscript{2}, Asghar, M.U.\textsuperscript{3}, Opaliński, S.\textsuperscript{1}
\textsuperscript{1}Department of Environmental Hygiene and Animal Welfare, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Poland
\textsuperscript{2}Department of Functional Food Products Development, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Poland
\textsuperscript{3}Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Management, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Poland
KEYWORDS: CBD, laying hens, performance, egg production
INTRODUCTION
Hemp (\textit{Cannabis sativa}) has been applied in various studies, and cannabidiol (CBD) is a non-psychoactive phytocannabinoid derived from this plant. In some research, CBD showed analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidative effects by activating the endocannabinoid system and its specific receptors in the body in different species. This research aims to assess the CBD impact on performance and production indicators of laying hens. The CBD preparation will be given to birds in the form of an aqueous suspension and not in the form of a CBD suspension in oil or extract added to the feed.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Total of 180 laying hens Lohmann Brown Classic, including 5 treatments (control, blank, and CBD levels at 20, 40, and 80 mg/kg body weight) and 12 replications with 3 hens in each standard furnished cage (0.125 m\textsuperscript{2} x hen\textsuperscript{-1}) are kept for 15 weeks. CBD preparation was added to the drinking water from the 26\textsuperscript{th} week of age. Feed, drinking water, and egg production are recorded weekly. The fatty acid profile of the egg yolks was analyzed at the initial and after 30 days of the experiment.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
There were no significant differences among the groups for production parameters during five weeks. Saturated fatty acids (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) profiles in egg yolk were significantly lower among CBD groups, except the group with 80 mg/kg BW CBD at the end of the 30 days.
CONCLUSIONS
The research showed that CBD had no general impact on production parameters while influencing the SFA and MUFA concentration after five weeks of CBD supplementation.
This research was carried out as a part of the activities of the leading research group – Animal Science for Future (ASc4Future). It was supported by the Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences (Poland) under the Ph.D. research programme “Doctoral student grant at the Doctoral School of Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences” no. N020/0009/2022”.
Przygotowanie kannabidiolu i parametry produkcyjne kur niosek
Fallahi, S.\textsuperscript{1}, Bobak, L.\textsuperscript{2}, Asghar, M.U.\textsuperscript{3}, Opaliński, S.\textsuperscript{1}
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy we Wrocławiu
\textsuperscript{1}Katedra Higieny Środowiska i Dobrostanu Zwierząt
\textsuperscript{2}Katedra Rozwoju Funkcjonalnych Produktów Żywnościowych
\textsuperscript{3}Katedra Żywienia Zwierząt i Paszoznawstwa
The use of levan in laying hens nutrition
D. Konkol\textsuperscript{1}, E. Popiela\textsuperscript{2}, M. Augustyńczyk\textsuperscript{2}, S. Fallahi\textsuperscript{2}, C. Ceccopieri\textsuperscript{3}, J. Madej\textsuperscript{3}, M. Korczyński\textsuperscript{1}
Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences
\textsuperscript{1}Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science
\textsuperscript{2}Department of Environment Hygiene and Animal Welfare
\textsuperscript{3}Department of Immunology, Pathophysiology and Veterinary Preventive Medicine
KEYWORDS: levan, laying hens, eggs quality, performance,
INTRODUCTION
Levan is a polymer of fructose synthesized from sucrose by many organisms such as bacteria, fungi and plants. Due to its properties, it is widely used in the cosmetics and biomedical industries. More and more attention is paid to the possibilities of using levan in the feed industry. So far, levan has been studied for its use in fish, pigs and broiler chickens nutrition. The obtained results showed that it may have immunomodulatory properties and influence the production parameters of animals. The aim of the study was to determine the influence of the levan on the performance of laying hens and the eggs quality.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
120 laying hens of the Lohmann Brown line were used in the experiment. The birds were divided into 5 experimental groups. Each group consisted of 8 replications (cages) and each replication consisted of 3 birds (24 birds per group). Group C was the control group, in which the birds did not receive the levan supplement in the feed. Group L0.1 received 0.1% levan in the feed mixture, group L0.25 - 0.25% levan, group L0.5 - 0.5% levan, and group L1 - 1% levan. The experiment lasted 90 days. After 30, 60 and 90 days of the experiment, the performance of laying hens and the quality parameters of eggs were determined.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that levan has a positive effect on the production parameters of laying hens. Laying hens receiving the addition of levan in the feed were characterized by significantly (P<0.05) higher egg production after 30 and 60 days of the experiment. Lewan has prebiotic properties, which had a positive effect on the development of the digestive tract microflora. This could have resulted in a better utilization of the nutrients, which had a positive effect on egg production. The use of levan had a statistically significant effect on the color of the yolk. Eggs from laying hens receiving 0.1; 0.25 and 0.5% of levan were characterized by significantly more colored yolks after 60 days of the experiment. After 90 days of the experiment, the yolks in all groups receiving the addition of levan were significantly more colored.
CONCLUSIONS
The use of levan in laying hens nutrition has a positive effect on the performance of birds, especially egg production. The use of this procedure also has a statistically significant effect on the color of the yolk.
Wykorzystanie lewanu w żywieniu kur nieśnych
D. Konkol\textsuperscript{1}, E. Popiela\textsuperscript{2}, M. Augustyńczyk\textsuperscript{2}, S. Fallahi\textsuperscript{2}, C. Ceccopieri\textsuperscript{3}, J. Madej\textsuperscript{3}, M. Korczyński\textsuperscript{1}
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy we Wrocławiu
\textsuperscript{1}Katedra Żywienia Zwierząt i Paszoznawstwa
\textsuperscript{2}Katedra Higieny Środowiska i Dobrostanu Zwierząt
\textsuperscript{3}Katedra Immunologii, Patofizjologii i Prewencji Weterynaryjnej
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE: lewan, kury nieśnie, jakość jaj, parametry produkcyjne,
WSTĘP
Lewan jest polimerem fruktozy syntetyzowanym z sacharozy przez wiele organizmów, takich jak bakterie, grzyby, czy rośliny. Ze względu na swoje właściwości posiada on szerokie zastosowanie w przemyśle kosmetycznym oraz biomedycznym. Coraz częściej zwraca się uwagę na możliwości wykorzystania lewanu w przemyśle paszowym. Do tej pory lewan badano pod kątem wykorzystania go w żywieniu ryb, trzody chlewnej oraz kurcząt brojlerów. Uzyskane wyniki wykazały, że może on posiadać właściwości immunomodulacyjne oraz wpływać korzystanie na parametry produkcyjne. Celem pracy było określenie wpływu lewanu na parametry produkcyjne kur nieśnych oraz parametry jakościowe jaj.
MATERIAŁ I METODY
W doświadczeniu wykorzystano 120 kur nieśnych linii Lohmann Brown. Ptaki zostały podzielone na 5 grup doświadczalnych. Każda grupa składała się z 8 powtórzeń (klatek), a każde powtórzenie z 3 ptaków (24 ptaki w grupie). Grupa K stanowiła grupę kontrolną, w której ptaki nie otrzymywały w paszy dodatku lewanu. Grupa L0,1 otrzymywała w mieszance paszowej dodatek 0,1% lewanu, grupa L0,25 - 0,25% lewanu, grupa L0,5 - 0,5% lewanu, a grupa L1 - 1% lewanu. Doświadczenie trwało 90 dni. Po 30, 60 i 90 dniach trwania doświadczenia określono parametry produkcyjne kur nieśnych, a także parametry jakościowe jaj.
WYNIKI I DYSKUSJA
Na podstawie uzyskanych wyników można stwierdzić, że lewan wpływa pozytywnie na parametry produkcyjne kur nieśnych. Kury nieśnie otrzymujące dodatek lewanu w paszy charakteryzowały się istotnie (P<0,05) większą nieśnością po 30 i 60 dniach trwania doświadczenia. Lewan wykazuje właściwości prebiotyczne co miało pozytywny wpływ na rozwój mikroflory przewodu pokarmowego. To mogło spowodować lepsze wykorzystanie składników pokarmowych, co odbiło się w sposób pozytywny na nieśność. Wykorzystanie lewanu miało istotny statystycznie wpływ na barwę żółtka. Jaja pochodzące od kur nieśnych otrzymujących w paszy 0,1; 0,25 i 0,5% lewanu charakteryzowały się istotnie bardziej wybarwionymi żółtkami po 60 dniach trwania doświadczenia. Po 90 dniach trwania doświadczenia żółtka we wszystkich grupach otrzymujących dodatek lewanu były istotnie bardziej wybarwione.
WNIOSKI
Wykorzystanie lewanu w żywieniu kur nieśnych wpływa pozytywnie na parametry produkcyjne ptaków, zwłaszcza nieśność. Zastosowanie tego zabiegu ma również istotny statystycznie wpływ na wybarwienie żółtka.
Feed safety of insects as alternative protein sources used in chicken nutrition
A. Nawrocka, M. Durkalec, A. Filipek, M. Kmiecik
National Veterinary Research Institute - State Research Institute
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology
KEY WORDS: PAPs protein, safety, toxic elements
INTRODUCTION
The aim of this study was to assess the safety of insect processed animal protein (PAP) used as an alternative protein source for animal nutrition. For this purpose, analyses of toxic elements content (arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and mercury (Hg)) were carried out in a total of 41 samples of PAPs derived from yellow mealworms and black soldier flies (n=10), insect fat (n=1), compound feed with different levels of insect PAP additions (n=30) and animal tissues of fed them animals.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The concentration of Cd, Cu and Pb were analyzed by the inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry technique (ICP-MS) after microwave digestion of the samples. Mercury analysis was performed by atomic absorption spectrometry (DMA). All the methods used are accredited according to PN EN ISO17025:2005.
Firstly, the analysis of toxic elements content were carried out in the samples of PAPs extracted from black fly (*Hermetia illucens*) (n=5), yellow mealworm (*Tenebrio molitor*) (n=5) and a sample of insect fat.
At second stage of project, the concentration levels of As, Cd, Pb and Hg in samples of complete feed mixtures with PAP addition (n=26) were determined.
Finally, analyses of toxic elements in chicken broiler tissues (muscles and livers, n=128) fed by feed with PAP of different insect species addition were performed.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The study indicated that the concentrations of toxic elements in PAPs, insect fat and feed with PAP additions were below the maximum permissible levels for feed and feed ingredients.
Trace levels of toxic elements, close to quantification limit of the analytical method used, were found in tissues of animals fed with feed mixtures containing PAP meal (*Tenebrio molitor* and *Helmetia ilucens*).
CONCLUSIONS
The concentrations levels of Pb, Cd, Hg and As in tested materials were in compliance with applicable feed (Directive 2002/32/WE of the European Parliament and of the Council of 7 May 2002) and food of animal origin regulations (Commission Regulation (EC) No 1881/2006 of 19 December 2006, Commission Regulation (EC) No 149/2008 of 29 January 2008 (L 58/1)) and did not pose a toxicological-hygienic risk.
Ocena bezpieczeństwa alternatywnych źródeł białka owadów stosowanych w żywieniu kurcząt
A. Nawrocka, M. Durkalec, A. Filipek, M. Kmiecik
Państwowy Instytut Weterynaryjny-Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, Zakład Farmakologii i Toksykologii
Al. Partyzantów 57, 24-100 Puławy
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE: białko PAP, bezpieczeństwo, pierwiastki toksyczne
WSTĘP
Celem badań była ocena bezpieczeństwa PAP owadziego pod kątem zawartości pierwiastków toksycznych: arsenu (As), kadmu (Cd), ołowiu (Pb) oraz rtęci (Hg). W tym celu poddano analizie 41 próbek materiałów paszowych i pasz, w tym PAP owadziego, pochodzącego z mącznika młynekarka i muchy czarnej (n=10), tłuszczu owadziego (n=1) i mieszańek paszowych z dodatkiem PAP (n=30), a następnie tkanki pochodzące od skarmianych nimi zwierząt (n=128).
MATERIAŁ I METODY
Oznaczenia zawartości As, Cd i Pb wykonano z zastosowaniem techniki spektrometrii mas z jonizacją w plazmie wzbudzonej indukcyjnie (ICP-MS) po ciśnieniowej mineralizacji próbek. Zawartość Hg oznaczono techniką absorpcyjnej spektrometrii atomowej (DMA). Zastosowane metody analityczne są akredytowane na zgodność z normą ISO/IEC 17025:2005 (Nr akredytacji AB 485).
W pierwszym etapie przeprowadzono analizę zawartości pierwiastków toksycznych w próbkach PAP pozyskanego z muchy czarnej (Hermetia illucens) (n=5) i mącznika młynekarka (Tenebrio molitor) (n=5) jak również w jednej próbie tłuszczu owadziego.
W drugim etapie projektu wykonano analizy zawartości As, Cd, Pb i Hg w próbkach mieszancek paszowych pełnoporcjowych wytworzonych z dodatkiem PAP (n=26).
W kolejnym etapie przeprowadzono analizy tkanek broilerów kurzych (mięśni i wątrób, n=128), na których prowadzone były testy żywieniowe dla każdego z gatunku owadów.
WYNIKI I DYSKUSJA
Stwierdzone zawartości pierwiastków toksycznych zawierały się poniżej maksymalnych dopuszczalnych zawartości pierwiastków toksycznych w mieszankach pełnoporcjowych.
Oznaczone zawartości badanych pierwiastków w tkankach zwierząt skarmianych mieszankami paszowymi z udziałem mączki z PAP (Tenebrio molitor oraz Helmetia ilucens) klasowały się na poziomie śladowym, zbliżonym do granicy oznaczalności stosowanej metody analitycznej.
WNIOSKI
Uzyskane wyniki były zgodne z obowiązujących prawem paszowym (Dyrektywa 2002/32/WE Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady z dnia 7 maja 2002, Dz.U. L 140 z 30.5.2002, s. 10 z późn. zm.) oraz żywnościowym (Rozp. Komisji (WE) nr 1881/2006 wraz z późn. zm., Rozp. Komisji (WE) nr 149/2008 z dnia 29 stycznia 2008 (L 58/1)) i nie stanowiły zagrożenia toksykologicznego-higienicznego.
Optimization of antioxidants in the diet of broiler chickens: effects on performance and redox status
K. Sierżant\textsuperscript{1}, E. Piksa\textsuperscript{1}, D. Konkol\textsuperscript{1}, M.U. Asghar\textsuperscript{1}
Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences
\textsuperscript{1}Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Chelmońskiego str. 38C, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland
KEY WORDS: quercetin, poultry nutrition, vegetable oils, n-3 fatty acids, oxidative stress markers.
INTRODUCTION
Recently, a significant part of the available literature lacks comprehensive criteria regarding the selection of phytogenic additive concentrations utilized in animal nutrition. For instance, when considering quercetin, the application of this flavonol in animal feed varies widely, ranging from milligrams to approx. 5.6-6 per kg of diet. Such a broad dispersion in the dosage can lead to inconsistencies or lack of reproducibility in the achieved production or biochemical results, as observed in the trials conducted with the poultry. This study evaluates the effect of the addition of quercetin to broiler chicken feed, specifically tailored and optimized for the peroxidability of oils used in the feed mixtures (rapeseed oil: RO; flaxseed oil: FLO) on performance indices and antioxidant traits in blood (FRAP, TAS, ABTS, DPPH, GPx) and the liver and the pectoral muscle tissue (TBARS, SOD, CAT) of broiler chickens.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A 35-day feeding experiment was carried out in a two-factor design on 96 one-day-old Ross 308 roosters (6 replications, 4 individuals per replication), assuming the following group arrangement: RO or FLO, groups fed with starter, grower, and finisher diets, without the addition of quercetin (Q); RO\_Q or FLO\_Q, groups fed diets containing the addition of optimized Q, individually adjusted for each diet, during the chemically induced peroxidation of RO and FLO oils.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The results revealed a trend ($P=0.01$) for an improvement in total body weight gain and final body weight in chickens fed diets containing optimized Q. While most antioxidant parameters were not affected by the type of Oil or the optimized Q, the use of FLO diets increased levels of liver malondialdehyde and liver catalase activity ($P<0.05$). However, a significant interaction of the Oil x Q factor indicated that the inclusion of optimized quercetin reduced the liver burden caused by lipid peroxidation products present in FLO diets.
CONCLUSIONS
The collective findings of this study suggest that optimization of the addition of natural polyphenols, based on the oxidative stability of fats used in chicken diets, can lead to a more economical utilization of antioxidant additives, allowing for achieving more sustainable and environmentally friendly practices in poultry nutrition, which aligns with the initiatives such as the ‘European Green Deal’ and ‘Farm to Fork Strategy’.
FUNDING
This research task was financed by an external grant no. DEC-2018/02/X/NZ9/02467 (Miniatura 2), awarded by the National Science Centre.
Optymalizacja przeciwwutleniaczy w diecie kurcząt rzeźnych: wpływ na wydajność oraz status redoks
K. Sierżant\textsuperscript{1}, E. Piksa\textsuperscript{1}, D. Konkol\textsuperscript{1}, M.U. Asghar\textsuperscript{1}
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy we Wrocławiu
\textsuperscript{1}Katedra Żywienia Zwierząt i Paszoznawstwa, Chelmońskiego 38C, 51-630 Wrocław, Polska
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE: kwercetyna, żywienie drobiu, oleje roślinne, kwasy n-3, markery stresu oksydacyjnego
WSTĘP
Obecnie, większość dostępnych danych literatury nie wskazuje na kryterium doboru koncentracji dodatków fitogenicznych stosowanych w diecie zwierząt. W przypadku aplikacji kwercetyny, rozrzuć ilości tego flawonolu wynosi od miligramów do nawet ok. 5,6–6 g/kg paszy, co wiązać się może z niejednoznacznością, lub z brakiem powtarzalności uzyskanych wyników produkcyjnych czy biochemicznych, obserwowanych np. w badaniach na drobiu. W obecnej pracy oceniono wpływ dodatku kwercetyny, zastosowanej w ilości zoptymalizowanej do utlenialności oleju użytego w paszach (olej rzepakowy, OR; olej lniany: OL), na parametry produkcyjne oraz na markery antyoksydacyjne krwi (FRAP, TAS, ABTS, DPPH, GSH-Px) oraz tkanek wątroby i m. piersiowego (TBARS, SOD, CAT) kurcząt rzeźnych.
MATERIAŁ I METODY
35-dniowy eksperyment żywieniowy w układzie dwuczynnikowym przeprowadzono na 96 jednodniowych kogutkach Ross 308 (6 replikacji, po 4 osobniki na replikację), przyjmując następujący układ grup: OR lub OL, grupy żywione dietami starter, grower i finisher, nie zawierającymi dodatku kwercetyny (Q); OR_Q lub OL_Q, grupy żywione dietami zawierającymi dodatek zoptymalizowanej Q, dostosowany indywidualnie dla każdej diety, w procesie chemicznie indukowanej peroksydacji olejów OR i OL.
WYNIKI I DYSKUSJA
Wykazano tendencję (P=0,01) do poprawy przyrostu całkowitego oraz końcowej masy ciała u kurcząt żywionych dietami zawierającymi zoptymalizowany dodatek Q. Większość parametrów antyoksydacyjnych kurcząt nie została zmieniona przez czynniki Oleju oraz Q, jednak użycie diet OL zwiększyło poziom dialdehydu malonowego oraz aktywność katalazy w wątrobie kurcząt (P<0,05). Równolegle, istotna interakcja Olej x Q wskazywała na obniżenie obciążenia wątroby indukowanego przez produkty peroksydacji lipidów obecnych w dietach OL, dzięki zastosowaniu w nich dodatku zoptymalizowanej Q.
WNIOSKI
Wyniki wskazały, że optymalizacja dodatku naturalnych polifenoli, dostosowana do „utlenialności” tłuszczów użytych w dietach kurcząt, pozwala na bardziej ekonomiczne wykorzystanie antyoksydantów paszowych, co sprzyjać może osiągnięciu zrównoważonych i przyjaznych dla środowiska praktyk w żywieniu drobiu, co jest zgodne z inicjatywami takimi, jak: „Europejski Zielony Ład” oraz strategia „Od pola do stołu”.
Niniejsze zadanie badawcze było finansowane z grantu zewnętrznego nr DEC 2018/02/X/NZ9/02467 (Miniatura 2), przyznanego przez Narodowe Centrum Nauki.
Lysolecithins, monoglycerides and synthetic emulsifier, on welfare and performance of broilers
Sz. Toth, A. Desbruslais, A. Wealleans, D. Gonzalez-Sanchez
Kemin Europa NV
Toekomstlaan 42, 2200, Herentals, Belgium
KEY WORDS: Lysolecithin, performance, footpad, welfare
INTRODUCTION
With high production costs and growing concerns on animal welfare, the poultry industry is in need for solutions that reduce feed costs without impairing performance, while keeping welfare to the highest standards. Supplementation of a combination of lysophospholipids, a synthetic emulsifier and monoglycerides (LEX) in liquid and dry form to broiler diets with different energy levels was investigated to determine their effect on performance, litter quality and subsequent occurrence of footpad lesions.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
1248 day-old Ross 308 broilers were assigned to one of six treatments, each consisting on 13 pen replicates of 16 birds, for a 42-day study: a control diet with a normal energy content (NE); NE + 300g/t LEX liquid; NE + 500g/t LEX dry; a control diet with a low energy content (LE, -90 kcal/kg respect to NE), LE + 300g/t LEX liquid and a LE + 500g/t LEX dry. Feed intake (FI) and body weight (BW) were measured on day 0, 10, 21 and 42. On day 21, four birds per pen were randomly selected and euthanised by cervical dislocation. The digesta from the full length of the ileum was collected and analysed for digestibility of CP, DM and ME. On day 42, a litter sample was collected from each pen (5 sites within the pen) and two birds per pen were assessed for footpad lesions. Data was analyzed in the Fit Model platform of JMP 16, with means separation achieved using Tukey’s HSD. Statistical significance was declared at p<0.05.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Results showed a higher (p<0.05) cumulative bodyweight gain (BWG) with LEX supplementation. However, there was no effect (p<0.05) of energy level or interaction between energy and supplementation. An increased (p<0.05) FI was observed for the LE diets, however the cumulative feed efficiency (FCR) of the LE + LEX treatments remained equal (p>0.05) to the NE control, which suggests LEX application allowed the birds to cover the energy gap. The cumulative FCR of the LE diets were increased (p<0.05) compared to the NE, however there was a tendency (0.05<p>0.1) towards improved FCR when LEX was used. A significantly improved dry matter percentage was found in the litter of birds fed LEX, compared to the control NE and LE groups. This reflected into lower (p<0.05) occurrence and severity of footpad lesions in birds supplemented with LEX compared to the two control treatments.
CONCLUSIONS
In conclusion, feeding broilers LEX resulted in improved bird performance. Adding LEX to LE diets resulted in same BWG as the NE control. The use of the LEX also improved litter quality and footpad health, therefore improving animal welfare.
Effect of multienzyme supplementation in broilers fed diets increasingly reduced in energy
Sz. Toth, D. Gonzalez-Sanchez, A. Wealleans, A. Desbruslais
Kemin Europa NV
Toekomstlaan 42, 2200, Herentals, Belgium
KEY WORDS: multienzyme, NSP, broilers, intestinal morphology, carcass traits.
INTRODUCTION
Feed cost accounts for around 70% of the total broiler production cost, hence finding strategies to optimize feed efficiency is of paramount importance to achieve sustainable profitability. The use of carbohydrases and proteases to reduce feed costs, has been widely implemented in many poultry operations around the globe. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of supplementing different doses of a multi-enzyme complex containing different carbohydrases and a protease (KZP) on growth performance, duodenal pH and morphology, and carcass traits in broilers fed diets increasingly reduced in energy.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
One thousand two hundred one-day-old broiler chicks (45.1 ± 0.91 g) were allocated to five dietary treatments with eight replicates of 30 birds each: (PC) a positive control diet formulated to meet Arbor Acres (AA) nutritional requirements; (NC1) a negative control diet reformulated to 80 kcal/kg lower apparent metabolizable energy (AME) compared to the PC; (NC2) a negative control diet reformulated to 120 kcal/kg lower AME compared to the PC; (NC1+KZP300) a NC1 supplemented with 300 g/t of KZP; and (NC2+KZP500) a NC2 supplemented with 500 g/t of KZP. Growth performance was measured throughout the study. At 35 days, 10 birds per treatment were randomly selected and euthanized for carcass traits evaluation, and samples of the duodenum were collected for morphological examination and pH level. Data was analyzed in the Fit Model platform of JMP 15, with multienzyme supplementation as the main factor. The pen was considered the experimental unit for performance. The individual broiler sampled was considered the experimental unit for carcass traits, duodenal pH and morphology.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Broilers in the NC1+KZP300 group showed higher average final body weight (p<0.05) compared to NC1, NC2 and NC2+KZP500, and like the PC birds (p>0.05). Feed conversion ratio was improved (p <0.05) in PC and NC1+KZP300 compared to all other treatments. Villus height was longer (p<0.05) for PC and NC1+KZP300 compared to the rest of the treatments. Crypt depth was longer (p<0.05) for NC1 and NC2 compared to NC1+KZP300. The supplementation of KZP to both NC1 and NC2 diets reduced (p<0.05) the abdominal fat %.
CONCLUSIONS
This study demonstrates that KZP supplementation to diets reduced in energy improved performance and reduced abdominal fat in broiler chickens.
Wykład plenarny/ Plenary lecture
Egg sexing – current technological challenge in poultry production
Damaziak Krzysztof
Institute of Animal Sciences
Warsaw University of Life Sciences
The efficiency of animal production in several cases is strictly dependent on the possibility of obtaining offspring of one sex. In the case of commercial laying hens, producers only care about females. Roosters have no influence on the laying of unfertilised eggs and their rearing for meat is not profitable. Consequently, the most common solution is to slaughter them already in the hatchery. This is increasingly regarded as unethical and the hatching of male chicks also generates costs. The best solution would therefore be to obtain only eggs from reproductive flocks from which females would hatch, or to segregate eggs according to the sex of the embryos. At present, no technology is known that could contribute to the laying of eggs in which all embryos would be female. This leaves the development of methods to identify sex even before hatching. The refinement of egg sexing methods involves several important aspects that will determine in the future which technology will have the best chance of full and global commercialisation, these are: time (age) of sex identification, method of performance, efficiency, speed of measurement, design and ease of use of equipment. Current high-tech methods of in ovo sexing, can be divided into three basic categories: spectroscopic methods, use of biological markers and gene editing. All of these methods have been developed but none of them are perfect, or at least have limitations that do not allow their use in mass hatching of chicks. Therefore, the aim of the present presentation is to review the existing knowledge of the technologies developed so far to identify the sex of the embryo of birds.
Seksowanie jaj - aktualne wyzwanie technologiczne w produkcji drobiarskiej
Damaziak Krzysztof
Instytut Nauk o Zwierzętach
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
Efektywność produkcji zwierzęcej w kilku przypadkach jest ściśle zależna od możliwości pozyskiwania potomstwa jednej płci. W przypadku towarowych kur nieśnych, producentom zależy wyłącznie na samicach. Koguty nie mają wpływu na znoszenie niezapłodnionych jaj, a ich odchów na mięso jest nieopłacalny. W konsekwencji najczęstszym rozwiązaniem jest ich ubój jeszcze w zakładzie wylęgowym. Takie postępowanie coraz częściej uznawane jest za nieetyczne, a wyleg piskląt płci męskiej również generuje koszty. Najlepszym rozwiązaniem byłoby więc pozyskiwanie ze stad reprodukcyjnych wyłącznie jaj, z których wyklułyby się samice, bądź segregacja jaj pod względem płci zarodków. Na obecną chwilę nie znana jest żadna technologia, która mogłaby przyczyniać się do znoszenia jaj, w których wszystkie zarodki byłyby samicami. Pozostaje więc opracowanie metod rozpoznania płci jeszcze przed wylegiem. Doskonalenie metod seksowania jaj obejmuje kilka ważnych aspektów, które w przyszłości zadecydują o tym, która technologia będzie miała największe szanse na pełną i globalną komercjalizację, są to: czas (wiek) identyfikacji płci, sposób wykonania, skuteczność, szybkość pomiaru, konstrukcja i łatwość w obsłudze sprzętu. Aktualnie zaawansowane technologicznie metody seksowania in ovo, można podzielić na trzy podstawowe kategorie: metody spektroskopowe, wykorzystanie markerów biologicznych i edycji genów. Wszystkie te metody zostały już opracowane, ale żadna z nich nie jest doskonała, a przynajmniej ma ograniczenia, które nie pozwalają na wykorzystanie jej przy masowych łęgach piskląt. W związku z tym celem referatu jest przegląd dotychczasowej wiedzy na temat opracowanych technologii rozpoznawania płci zarodka ptaków.
Sesja naukowa/ Scientific Session
Biologiczne Podstawy Hodowli i Produkcji Drobiarskiej/
Biological Basis of Poultry Breeding and Production
Identification of gut bacteria populations of domestic geese by sequencing 16S rDNA amplicons
K. Andres\textsuperscript{1}, M. L. Pękalski\textsuperscript{2}, M. G. Adamski\textsuperscript{3}
\textsuperscript{1}Uniwersytet Rolniczy im. Hugona Kołłątaja w Krakowie
\textsuperscript{2}Uniwersytet Oksfordzki
\textsuperscript{3}Spark-Tech sp. z o.o.,
\textsuperscript{1}Departament Rozrodu, Anatomii i Genomiki Zwierząt, Aleja Mickiewicza 24/28, 30-059 Kraków
\textsuperscript{2}Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Roosevelt Drive Headington, Oksford OX3 7BN, Wielka Brytania
\textsuperscript{3}Rynek Główny 28, 31-010
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE: metagenomics, domestic waterfowl, herbivory, microbiome
INTRODUCTION
Domestic geese, like their ancestors, the greylag (\textit{Anser anser}) and the swan goose (\textit{Anser cygnoides}), are eminently herbivorous birds. A digestive system populated by specialised intestinal microflora is adapted to digest this type of food. The aim of this study was to identify the microbial populations of four sections of the gastrointestinal tract of oat-fed domestic geese by nanopore sequencing of 16S rDNA amplicons covering all nine variable regions (V1-V9) of the gene.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The study material consisted of the contents of the small intestine (SI), the short cecum (SC), the long cecum (LC) and the large intestine (LI) collected post-mortem from a 17-week-old domestic goose fed oats for three weeks prior to slaughter. A silica column kit (QIAamp PowerFecal Pro DNA Kit) was used to isolate the bacterial DNA. Isolates were subjected to a PCR reaction to duplicate the 16s rRNA gene sequence determined by the NanoF and NanoR primers. Amplicons were sequenced using the Oxford Nanopore platform (MinION sequencer, 16S Barcoding Kit 1-24 reagents kit). MiniKnow software and Fastq 16S bioinformatics protocol were used for analysis.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
All the analysed gastrointestinal sections differed in the composition of the bacterial microbiome. In the SI, 74 sequences were recognised, the most abundant amplicon identified (6%) belonged to the species Romboutsia ilealis. In the SC, 11,720 sequences were recognised, the most numerous amplicon (9%) belonged to the species Faecalibacterium prausnitzii. In the LC, 13,395 sequences were recognised, the most abundant amplicon (4%) belonged to Faecalibacterium prausnitzii. In LI, 10,092 sequences were recognised, the most abundant amplicon (2%) was assigned to the species Streptococcus alactolyticus.
CONCLUSIONS
Genotyping by sequencing of 16S rDNA amplicons allows the identification of profiles of bacterial species inhabiting the gastrointestinal tract of domestic geese. Obtaining a complete bacterial profile provides a foundation for further studies of the relationships between intestinal microflora species and between the organism and its microflora.
Identyfikacja populacji bakterii jelitowych gęsi domowej poprzez sekwencjonowanie amplikonów 16S rDNA
K. Andres¹, M. L. Pękalski², M. G. Adamski³
¹Uniwersytet Rolniczy im. Hugona Kołłątaja w Krakowie
²Uniwersytet Oksfordzki
³Spark-Tech sp. z o.o.,
¹Departament Rozrodu, Anatomii i Genomiki Zwierząt, Aleja Mickiewicza 24/28, 30-059 Kraków
²Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Roosevelt Drive Headington, Oksford OX3 7BN, Wielka Brytania
³Rynek Główny 28, 31-010
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE: metagenomika, drób wodny, roślinnożerność, mikrobiom
WSTĘP
Gęsi domowe, podobnie jak ich przodkowie, gęgawa (Anser anser) i gęś labędzionosa (Anser cygnoides) to ptaki wybitnie roślinnożerne. Do trawienia tego rodzaju pożywienia przystosowany jest układ pokarmowy zasiedlany przez wyspecjalizowaną mikroflorę jelitową. Celem badań była identyfikacja populacji mikroorganizmów czterech odcinków przewodu pokarmowego gęsi domowej żywionej owsem za pomocą sekwencjonowania nanoporowego amplikonów 16S rDNA obejmujących wszystkie dziewięć regionów zmiennych (V1-V9) genu.
MATERIAŁ I METODY
Materiałem badawczym były treści jelita cienkiego (JC), jelita ślepego krótkszego (JŚK), jelita ślepego dłuższego (JŚD) oraz jelita grubego (JG) pobrane pośmiertnie od gęsi domowej w wieku 17 tygodni żywionej owsem przez trzy tygodnie przed ubojem. Do izolacji DNA bakteryjnego użyto zestawu kolumn krzemionkowych (QIAamp PowerFecal Pro DNA Kit). Izolaty poddano reakcji PCR celem powielenia sekwencji genu 16s rRNA wyznaczonej przez startery NanoF i NanoR. Amplikony zsekwencjonowano w oparciu o platformę Oxford Nanopore (sekwenator MinION, zestaw odczynników 16S Barcoding Kit 1-24). Do analizy wykorzystano oprogramowanie MiniKnow oraz protokół bioinformatyczny Fastq 16S.
WYNIKI I DYSKUSJA
Wszystkie analizowane odcinki przewodu pokarmowego różniły się składem mikrobiomu bakteryjnego. W JC rozpoznano 74 sekwencje, najliczniejszy zidentyfikowany amplikon (6%) należał do gatunku Romboutsia ilealis. W JŚK rozpoznano 11 720 sekwencji, najliczniejszy amplikon (9%) należał do gatunku Faecalibacterium prausnitzii. W JŚD rozpoznano 13 395 sekwencji, najliczniejszy amplikon (4%) należał do Faecalibacterium prausnitzii. W JG rozpoznano 10 092 sekwencje, najliczniejszy amplikon (2%) został przypisany do gatunku Streptococcus alactolyticus.
WNIOSKI
Genotypowanie poprzez sekwencjonowanie amplikonów 16S rDNA pozwala na ustalenie profili gatunków bakterii zasiedlających przewód pokarmowy gęsi domowej. Uzyskanie pełnego profilu bakteryjnego daje podstawy do dalszych badań zależności między gatunkami mikroflory jelitowej oraz pomiędzy organizmem a jego mikroflorą.
Differences in secondary lymphoid organs development among chicken lines
C. Ceccopieri\textsuperscript{1}, J. P. Madej\textsuperscript{1}, A. Kowalczyk\textsuperscript{2}
Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences
\textsuperscript{1}Department of Immunology, Pathophysiology, and Veterinary Preventive Medicine
\textsuperscript{2}Institute of Animal Breeding, Poultry Breeding Department
KEYWORDS: Chicken, Secondary Immune Organs, Morphology, Histology, Breed-dependent Variation
INTRODUCTION
The study of chicken immunology is a topic of increasing interest given the strong similarity with human immunology making this species a suitable model for research. In the last few decades, several issues concerning poultry production have raised attention including antibiotic resistance, animal welfare, and biodiversity conservation. Green-legged Partridge-like (GP) is a native breed of chickens with the appealing feature of being more resistant to the common pathogens affecting poultry. Our study aims to uncover the basis of GPs’ increased resistance to infections. The present work describes the analysis of secondary immune organ development at different time points in GPs and in two selected lines: Broiler Ross 308 (BR) and Hy-Line Brown (HLB).
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The model animals were euthanized and organ samples of spleen and cecal tonsils were cryopreserved for immunological stainings (Bu-1, CD4+, and CD8+ lymphocytes) while thymus and bursa of Fabricius were processed in paraffin for routine histological stainings (H&E). Sample slides were analysed morphologically and morphometrically with microscopic observation and measurement.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
BR chickens showed early development and lymphocyte colonization of the secondary lymphoid organs when compared to GP and HLB. In Bursa Fabricius, BRs were the first breed to develop, as fast as at day 3 post-hatching, an evident distinction between medulla and cortex with a decrease of the medulla and consequent increase of the cortex area. For what concerned the lymphocyte colonization of the spleen and cecal tonsils, BRs were, once again, the first line to present a high count of lymphocytes as soon as at day 1 post-hatching, especially in cecal tonsils.
CONCLUSIONS
The presented results confirm a pattern in the immunological profile of BRs. This line presented an early development of immune organs and, most of all, an early lymphocyte colonization.
Różnice w rozwoju wtórnych narządów limfatycznych pomiędzy liniami kurczat
C. Ceccopieri¹, J. P. Madej¹, A. Kowalczyk²
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy we Wrocławiu
¹Katedra Immunologii, Patofizjologii i Prewencji weterynaryjnej
ul. Norwida 25/27, 50-375 Wrocław
²Instytut Hodowli Zwierząt, ul. Chelmnickiego 38c, 51-630 Wrocław
Słowa kluczowe: kura, wtórne narządy limfatyczne, morfologia, histologia, różnice rasowe
WSTĘP
Badanie układu immunologicznego kurczat jest tematem cieszącym się rosnącym zainteresowaniem, ponieważ ze względu na duże podobieństwo tego układu u ptaków i ludzi, gatunek ten stanowi dobry model doświadczalny. W ostatnich kilkudziesięciu latach zwrócono uwagę na kilka kwestii związanych z produkcją drobiu, w tym: oporność na antybiotyki, dobrostan zwierząt i ochronę różnorodności biologicznej. Zielononóżka kuropatwiana (GP) jest rodzimą rasą kur, której zaletą jest większa odporność na powszechnie występujące patogeny atakujące drób. Celem naszych badań było poznanie przyczyn większej odporności GP na infekcje. Niniejsza praca opisuje analizę rozwoju wtórnych narządów limfatycznych w różnych punktach czasowych u GP oraz u dwóch linii komercyjnych: brojlera Ross 308 (BR) i Hy-Line Brown (HLB).
MATERIAŁY I METODY
Od zwierząt poddanych eutanazji pobrano próbki śledziony i migdałków jelita ślepego, które zamrożono w celu przeprowadzenia barwienia immunologicznego (limfocyty Bu-1, CD4+ i CD8+), natomiast grasicę i torbę Fabrycjusza przeprowadzono do parafiny w celu wykonania rutynowego barwienia histologicznego (H&E). Preparaty analizowano pod kątem morfologii narządów oraz wykonując pomiary morfometryczne.
WYNIKI I DYSKUSJA
BR wykazywały szybszy rozwój i kolonizację wtórnych narządów limfatycznych przez limfocyty w porównaniu do GP i HLB. U tej linii drobiu w torbie Fabrycjusza doszło najwcześniej, bo już w trzecim dniu po wykluciu, do wyraźnego zróżnicowania pomiędzy rdzeniem a korą, ze stopniowym zmniejszaniem powierzchni rdzenia i zwiększaniem powierzchni kory. W kontekście kolonizacji śledziony i migdałków jelita ślepego przez limfocyty, BR ponownie stanowiły linię, która jako pierwsza wykazała znaczną liczbę tych komórek już w pierwszym dniu po wykluciu, szczególnie w migdałkach jelita ślepego.
WNIOSKI
Przedstawione wyniki potwierdzają obecność określonego wzorca profilu immunologicznego u BR. Linia ta charakteryzowała się wczesnym rozwojem narządów odpornościowych, a przede wszystkim ich wczesną kolonizacją przez limfocyty.
Alterations in androgen and estrogen receptor and steroidogenesis-associated gene expression in gander testis during annual period
M. Gumulka\textsuperscript{1}, A. Hrabia\textsuperscript{2}, I. Rozenboim\textsuperscript{3}
\textsuperscript{1,2}University of Agriculture in Kraków, \textsuperscript{3}The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
\textsuperscript{1}Department of Animal Reproduction, Anatomy and Genomics, \textsuperscript{2}Department of Animal Physiology and Endocrinology, Mickiewicz Alley 21, 31-120, Kraków, Poland; \textsuperscript{3}Department of Animal Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
KEY WORDS: ganders, testis, estrogen, steroidogenesis, aromatase
INTRODUCTION
Physiological mechanisms of seasonal changes in testicular function in ganders are not fully elucidated. The aim of the study was to examine: (1) the alterations in circulating and intra-testicular steroid hormone levels and their relationship; (2) the mRNA expression of testicular androgen (\textit{AR}) and estrogen receptors (\textit{ERα} and \textit{ERβ}), and (3) key steroidogenesis processes-related genes with immunofluorescent localization of aromatase in gander testis during the annual period.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Research was carried out on ganders (n = 25). The testis was collected at 5 stages, i.e., prebreeding (PrB), peak of activity (PR), postbreeding (PoB), nonbreeding (NB), and onset of reactivation (OR). Circulating and intra-testicular estradiol (E2) and testosterone (T) levels were evaluated. In addition, the following parameters were tested: (1) mRNA (qRT-PCR) of \textit{AR}, \textit{ERα} and \textit{ERβ} and steroidogenesis-associated genes (\textit{StAR}, \textit{CYP11A1}, \textit{HSD3β}, \textit{CYP17A1}, \textit{CYP19A1}) and aromatase protein (Western blot) expression; and (3) localization (immunofluorescence) of aromatase.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Intra-testicular E2 level was higher at the PoB and NB than the other stages, whereas T levels showed a nearly opposite pattern. The plasma E2–to–T ratios were higher at the PrB, PoB and NB stages compared to other stages. The transcript abundances for \textit{ERα} and \textit{ERβ} were higher at PoB and NB than at the other stages. Moreover, \textit{StAR} mRNA expression was upregulated at the PoB and NB stages, and \textit{CYP11A1} transcript level was the highest at the PoB stage. Stage-dependent changes in the \textit{CYP19A1} mRNA and aromatase protein levels with higher abundances of transcript at PoB and NB stages and protein at the NB stage were observed. Localization and immunofluorescent signal intensity for aromatase also differed in relation to the examined stages with strong signal at the PoB stage.
CONCLUSIONS
It may be suggested that differential E2 levels, as well as aromatase expression and localization across annual periods are responsible for the seasonal activation/inactivation stages of testis spermatogenesis in domestic ganders.
Zmiany w ekspresji receptorów androgenowego i estrogenowych oraz genów związanych z procesem steroidogenezy w jądrze gęsiora w cyklu rocznym
M. Gumulka\textsuperscript{1}, A. Hrabia\textsuperscript{2}, I. Rozenboim\textsuperscript{3}
\textsuperscript{1,2}Uniwersytet Rolniczy w Krakowie, \textsuperscript{3}The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
\textsuperscript{1}Katedra Rozrodu, Anatomii i Genomiki Zwierząt, \textsuperscript{2}Katedra Fizjologii i Endokrynologii Zwierząt, Al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Kraków, Polska; \textsuperscript{3}Department of Animal Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE: gęsiorzy, jądro, estrogen, steroidogeneza, aromataza
WSTĘP
Fizjologiczne mechanizmy sezonowych zmian w funkcji jader u gąsiórów nie są do końca wyjaśnione. Celem pracy było określenie zmian w: (1) stężeniu krążących we krwi i wewnątrjądrowych hormonów steroidowych oraz ich zależności; (2) ekspresji receptorów androgenowego (AR) i estrogenowych (ERα i ERβ) a także (3) ekspresji kluczowych genów związanych z procesem steroidogenezy oraz lokalizacji aromatazy w jądrze gąsiora w cyklu rocznym.
MATERIAŁ I METODY
Badania wykonano na gęsiorach (n = 25). Jądro do analiz pobierano w 5 etapach, tj. przed sezonem rozrodczym (PrB), w szczycie aktywności (PR), po zakończeniu rozrodu (PoB), w czasie spoczynku (NB) i sezonowej reaktywacji (OR). Oznaczono stężenie estradiolu (E2) i testosteronu (T) we krwi i tkance jądra. Ponadto zbadano następujące parametry: (1) ekspresję mRNA (qRT-PCR) AR, ERα i ERβ oraz genów związanych z procesem steroidogenezy (StAR, CYP11A1, HSD3β, CYP17A1, CYP19A1) i ekspresję białka aromatazy (Western blot) oraz (3) lokalizację aromatazy (immunofluorescencja).
WYNIKI I DYSKUSJA
Wewnątrjądrowe stężenie E2 było wyższe w PoB i NB niż w innych etapach, podczas gdy stężenie T wykazywało prawie odwrotny przebieg. Stosunek E2 do T w osoczu krwi był wyższy w PrB, PoB i NB w porównaniu z innymi etapami. Poziom ekspresji mRNA dla ERα i ERβ był wyższy w PoB i NB niż w innych etapach. Ponadto ekspresja mRNA białka StAR była wyższa w PoB i NB, a poziom transkryptu CYP11A1 był najwyższy w etapie PoB. Zaobserwowano zależne od etapu zmiany poziomu mRNA i białka aromatazy z większą ekspresją transkryptu w PoB i NB oraz białka w etapie NB. Lokalizacja i intensywność sygnału immunofluorescencyjnego dla aromatazy również różniły się w zależności od badanych etapów z silnym sygnałem w etapie PoB.
WNIOSKI
Można zasugerować, że zróżnicowane stężenie E2, jak również ekspresja i lokalizacja aromatazy w cyklu rocznym są odpowiedzialne za sezonowe etapy aktywacji/inaktywacji spermatogenezy jąder u gąsiórów domowych.
Badania finansowane z subwencji nr SUB-020013-D015 i SUB-020002-D015.
Effect of genotype and age on some shell quality traits and lysozyme of eggs from hens under conservation programme
L. Lewko, J. Krawczyk, J. Calik
National Research Institute of Animal Production
Department of Poultry Breeding, 32-083 Balice k. Krakowa, Poland
KEY WORDS: laying hen, egg, shell, lysozyme, quality
INTRODUCTION
In view of the fact that the egg serves to provide nutrients and plays a reproductive role, its content must be protected from mechanical damage and microbial penetration. This role is served by the shell. Lysozyme, a well-studied component of poultry eggs, and its level and enzymatic activity of lysozyme depend on many factors e.g. genotype, diet, housing system or layer age. The aim of the study was to evaluate shell quality of eggs laid by some strains of native breed hens of different age, and to determine their effect on the concentration and enzymatic activity of lysozyme.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The study used 6 breeds of laying hens covered by the gene pool protection programme in Poland: Greenleg Partridge (Z-11), Yellowleg Partridge (Ż-33), Rhode Island Red (R-11), Rhode Island White (A-33), Sussex (S-66) and Leghorn (H-22). A total of 720 hens were studied, which were kept on litter at a stocking density of 5 birds/m$^2$ in fully controlled environmental conditions and fed ad libitum a layer diet. At 33 and 35 weeks of age, 30 eggs were collected from each group of hens for analysis. Shell quality was tested with a texture analyser TA.XT PLUS (Stable Micro Systems). The content and activity of lysozyme was determined according to Kijowski and Leśnierowski (1999). Data were processed using Statistica 12.0 PL software.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
It was found from this study that there were significant differences ($P \leq 0.01$) in all the eggshell quality traits between hen strains. With advancing age of the hens from all strains, shell weight and porosity increased (on average 0.92 g and 5.8 pores/cm$^2$, respectively) while shell compression strength decreased (on average 5.1 N). Moreover, lysozyme concentration was lowest in white eggs (H-22 – 0.233 % and 49 966 U/ml) and highest in creamy-shelled and light brown eggs (Z-11 – 0.275 % and 59 111 U/ml, Ż-33 – 0.269 % and 57 749 U/ml and R-11 – 0.275 % and 59 111 U/ml).
CONCLUSIONS
It was found from this study that there were significant differences in all assessed eggshell quality characteristics. Regardless of the hen genotype, eggs from older hens and those with cream and light brown shells were characterized by a higher content and enzymatic activity of lysozyme.
Wpływ genotypu i wieku na wybrane parametry jakości skorup i lizozymu jaj kur objętych programem ochrony
L. Lewko, J. Krawczyk, J. Calik
Institytut Zootechniki – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Zakład Hodowli Drobu, 32-083 Balice k. Krakowa, Polska
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE: kura, jajo, skorupa, lizozym, jakość
WSTĘP
Z uwagi na to, iż jajo pełni funkcję odżywczą i reprodukcyjną, jego treść musi być skutecznie chroniona przed uszkodzeniami mechanicznymi oraz wnikaniem drobnoustrojów, a rolę tę pełni skorupa. Lizozym jest dobrze poznanym składnikiem jaj drobiu, a jego poziom i aktywność enzymatyczna zależy od wielu czynników m.in.: genotypu, żywienia, systemu utrzymywania i wieku niosek. Celem badań była ocena jakości skorup jaj znoszonych przez wybrane rody kur rodzimych ras w różnym wieku ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem ich wpływu na poziom i aktywność enzymatyczną lizozymu.
MATERIAŁ I METODY
Materiał badawczy stanowiły jaja pochodzące od 6 ras kur nieśnych objętych w Polsce programem ochrony zasobów genetycznych tj.: Zielononóżka kuropatwiana (Z-11), Żółtonóżka kuropatwiana (Ż-33), Rhode Island Red (R-11), Rhode Island White (A-33), Sussex (S-66) oraz Leghorn (H-22). Łącznie badaniami objęto 720 kur, które utrzymywano na ściołce, przy obsadzie 5 szt./m², w pełni kontrolowanych warunkach środowiskowych i żywiono ad libitum mieszanką dla kur nieśnych. Z każdej grupy kur w 33. i 53. tygodniu życia pobrano po 30 sztuk jaj do badań. Badania jakości skorupy przeprowadzono za pomocą analizatora tekstury TA.XT PLUS (Stable Micro Systems). Poziom i aktywność enzymatyczną lizozymu określono wg Kijowskiego i Leśnierowskiego (1999). Analizę statystyczną wyników przeprowadzono programem Statistica 12.0.
WYNIKI I DYSKUSJA
W wyniku przeprowadzonych badań wykazano istotne różnice (P≤0,01) w zakresie wszystkich badanych cech jakości skorup jaj między rodami kur. Wraz z wiekiem niosek we wszystkich rodach zwiększała się masa (średnio o 0,92 g) i porowatość skorup (średnio o 5,8 porów/cm²), a obniżała ich wytrzymałość na zgniecenie (średnio o 5,1 N). Ponadto najmniejszy udział lizozymu wykazano w jajach o białej skorupie (H-22 – 0,233 % i 49 966 U/ml), a największy w jajach o kremowej i jasnobrązowej (Z-11 – 0,275 % i 59 111 U/ml, Ż-33 – 0,269 % i 57 749 U/ml i R-11 – 0,275 % i 59 111 U/ml).
WNIOSKI
W wyniku badań stwierdzono istotne różnice w zakresie wszystkich ocenianych cech jakości skorup jaj. Niezależnie od genotypu niosek jaja pochodzące od starszych kur oraz te o kremowej i jasno brązowej skorupie charakteryzowały się większą zawartością i aktywnością enzymatyczną lizozymu.
Comparison of eggshell traits depending on its colour in Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)
S. Nowaczewski\textsuperscript{1}, T. Szablewski\textsuperscript{2}, K. Stuper-Szablewska\textsuperscript{3}, M. Hejdysz\textsuperscript{1} S. Kaczmarek\textsuperscript{4}, L. Lewko\textsuperscript{5}, B. Grzegrzółka\textsuperscript{6}, J. Gruszczynska\textsuperscript{6}
Poznan University of Life Sciences
\textsuperscript{1}Department of Animal Breeding and Product Quality Assessment, Sloneczna 1, Złotniki, 62-002 Suchy Las, Poland
\textsuperscript{2}Department of Food Quality and Safety Management, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznań, Poland
\textsuperscript{3}Department of Chemistry, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625 Poznań, Poland
\textsuperscript{4}Department of Animal Nutrition, Wolbyska 33, 60-637 Poznań, Poland
\textsuperscript{5}National Research Institute of Animal Production, Department of Poultry Breeding, Krakowska 1, 32-082 Balice, Poland
\textsuperscript{6}Warsaw University of Life Sciences
\textsuperscript{6}Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786 Warszawa, Poland
KEY WORDS: Japanese quail, eggshell colour, egg quality, eggshell quality
INTRODUCTION
The color of the shell of eggs laid by birds is genetically determined, and its intensity decreases with the end of laying (Bezděková, 2007). On the other hand, a relationship was found between the eggshell color and the quality of eggs (especially the shell), the course of embryogenesis, and the subsequent hatchability results (Kirikçi et al. 2005, Kożuszek et al. 2009a, Kożuszek et al. 2009b). Therefore, the study aimed to determine whether the eggs of Japanese quails, also differing in shell colour, may vary in quality.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The eggs for the study came from quails of the same age (4 months old), kept in cages under the same environmental and nutritional conditions. Eggs with the following shell color were organoleptically and randomly selected for testing: dotted - group D, spotted - group S and blue – group B. The following shell features were evaluated: elastic deformation at 500 and 1000 g (mm) and breaking strength (kg) - 60 eggs per group, as well as Ca and Mg content in the eggshell (mg/kg) - 15 eggs per group.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
In earlier studies, a relationship between the color of the quail eggshell and its thickness was found (Nowaczewski et al., 2021). Present studies showed that the blue eggshells were significantly less elastic than the group of spotted eggs (0.060 vs. 0.063 mm), but only in the case of a pressure of 500 g. The analyzed groups of eggs did not differ (P≥0.05) in terms of breaking strength, although the highest value of this feature was observed in eggs from group B. The highest content of Ca in the shell was found in eggs from group S and the lowest (P≤0.05) Mg content in blue eggs.
CONCLUSIONS
Although significant differences in the content of macroelements in the shell of Japanese quail eggs were observed, which, as is known, may indirectly affect its elasticity and strength, in the case of these studies, such a relationship cannot be confirmed.
Porównanie cech skorupy w zależności od jej barwy u przepiórki japońskiej (Coturnix coturnix japonica)
S. Nowaczewski¹, T. Szablewski², K. Stuper-Szablewska³, M. Hejdysz¹ S. Kaczmarek⁴, L. Lewko⁵, B. Grzegrzółka⁶, J. Gruszczynska⁶,
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Poznaniu
¹Katedra Hodowli Zwierząt i Oceny Surowców, ul. Sloneczna 1, Złotniki, 62-002 Suchy Las, Polska
²Katedra Zarządzania Jakością i Bezpieczeństwem Żywności, ul. Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznań, Polska
³Katedra Chemii, ul. Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625 Poznań, Polska
⁴Katedra Żywienia Zwierząt, ul. Wolnińska 33, 60-637 Poznań, Polska
⁵Instytut Zootechniki - PIB, Zakład Hodowli Drobu, ul. Krakowska 1, 32-082 Balice, Polska
⁶Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego
⁷Katedra Genetyki i Ochrony Zwierząt, ul. Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786 Warszawa, Polska
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE: przepiórka japońska, barwa skorupy, jakość jaj, jakość skorupy
WSTĘP
Barwa skorupy jaj znoszonych przez ptaki jest uwarunkowana genetycznie, a jej intensywność zmniejsza się wraz z upływem nieśności (Bezděková, 2007). Z drugiej strony, stwierdzono związek między barwą skorupy, a jakością jaj (zwłaszcza skorupy), przebiegiem embriogenezy oraz późniejszymi wynikami wylegowości piskląt (Kirikçi i in. 2005, Kożuszek i in. 2009a, Kożuszek i in. 2009b). Dlatego celem badań było określenie, czy jaja przepiórek japońskich, także różniące się barwą skorupy, mogą różnić się pod względem jej jakości.
MATERIAŁ I METODY
Jaja do badań pochodziły od przepiórek w jednakowym wieku (4 miesiąc życia), utrzymywanych w klatkach, w tych samych warunkach środowiskowo-żywienniowych. Organoleptycznie i losowo wybrane do badań jaja o następującej barwie skorupy: nakrapiane – grupa K, łaciate – grupa Ł i niebieskie – N. Oceniono następujące cechy skorupy: elastyczność pod naciskiem 500 i 1000 g (mm) oraz wytrzymałość na zgniatanie (kg) – po 60 jaj na grupę, a także zawartość w skorupie Ca i Mg (mg/kg) – po 15 jaj na grupę.
WYNIKI I DYSKUSJA
Już we wcześniejszych badaniach własnych stwierdzono zależność między barwą skorupy jaj przepiórek, a jej grubością (Nowaczewski i in. 2021). W tych badaniach wykazano natomiast, że jaja niebieskie cechowały się istotnie mniejszą elastycznnością skorupy niż grupa Ł (0,060 wobec 0,063 mm). Jednak tylko w przypadku nacisku wynoszącym 500 g. Analizowane grupy jaj nie różniły się (P≥0,05) natomiast pod względem wytrzymałości skorupy na zgniatanie, choć największą wartość tej cechy zaobserwowano w przypadku jaj z grupy N. Istotnie największą zawartość Ca w skorupie wykazano w przypadku jaj z grupy Ł z kolei najmniejszą (P≤0,05) zawartość Mg w grupie jajach niebieskich.
WNIOSKI
Chociaż zaobserwowano istotne różnice w zawartości makropierwiastków w skorupie jaj przepiórczych, które jak wiadomo pośrednio mogą wpływać na jej elastyczność i wytrzymałość, w przypadku tych badań na przepiórkach nie można potwierdzić takowej zależności.
Nanopore Sequencing for the Identification and Quantification of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Components of Avian Microbiome
M. L. Pękowski\textsuperscript{1}, S. Mosiolek\textsuperscript{2}, R. Kędzia\textsuperscript{2}, G. Kunstman\textsuperscript{2}, M. G. Adamski\textsuperscript{2}
\textsuperscript{1}Uniwersytet Oksfordzki
\textsuperscript{2}Spark-Tech sp. z o.o.,
\textsuperscript{1}Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Roosevelt Drive Headington, Oksford OX3 7BN, Wielka Brytania
\textsuperscript{2}Rynek Główny 28, 31-010, Polska
KEY WORDS: metagenomics, diagnostics, sequencing, microbiome, birds
INTRODUCTION
Modern microbiological research faces the challenge of precise identification of prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. The only method that allows for simultaneous identification of all prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms is sequencing of unique DNA sequences encoding 16s, 18s, and 26s rRNA subunits. The aim of the study was to develop a methodology for preparing biological samples for sequencing and to create original bioinformatics tools for microbiome analysis based on NCBI, SLIVA, and PR2 databases.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Samples from diverse body parts, secretions, and excretions of birds (such as geese, ducks, chickens, pigeons) were subjected to DNA isolation using a silica column kit. Following isolation, the samples underwent PCR reactions to amplify nucleotide sequences of the 16s, 18s, and 26s rRNA genes. Subsequently, nanopore sequencing was carried out (MinIon device, V14 reagents, Oxford Nanopore). The results were processed using MiniKnow software (Oxford Nanopore) and developed bioinformatics protocols based on Centrifuge software.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The results illustrate a high diversity in the species composition of microorganisms in the analyzed microbiome samples. An interesting discovery was the identification of the Escherichia fergusoni bacterium species in a crop swab of a pigeon, where standard culture identified only the genus Escherichia. Additionally, infections with various Mycoplasma species were detected, which are usually not detectable with traditional culture methods.
CONCLUSIONS
In conclusion, simultaneous amplification of 16s, 18s, and 26s rRNA fragments and data analysis using original bioinformatics protocols enables precise species and quantitative identification of bird microbiomes, composed of both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. These results can have a significant impact on further research in the fields of genetics and animal husbandry.
Sekwencjonowanie nanoporowe do identyfikacji i kwantyfikacji prokariotycznych i eukariotycznych składników mikrobiomu ptaków
M. L. Pękalski\textsuperscript{1}, S. Mosiolek\textsuperscript{2}, R. Kędzia\textsuperscript{2}, G. Kunstman\textsuperscript{2}, M. G. Adamski\textsuperscript{2}
\textsuperscript{1}Uniwersytet Oksfordzki
\textsuperscript{2}Spark-Tech sp. z o.o.,
\textsuperscript{1}Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Roosevelt Drive Headington, Oksford OX3 7BN, Wielka Brytania
\textsuperscript{2}Rynek Główny 28, 31-010, Polska
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE: metagenomika, diagnostyka, sekwencjonowanie, mikrobiom, ptaki
WSTĘP
Współczesne badania mikrobiologiczne spotykają się z wyzwaniem precyzyjnej identyfikacji organizmów prokariotycznych i eukariotycznych. Jedyną metodą umożliwiającą równoczesną identyfikację wszystkich organizmów prokariotycznych i eukariotycznych jest sekwencjonowanie unikalnych sekwencji DNA kodujących podjednostki 16s, 18s i 26s rRNA. Celem badania było opracowanie metodyki przygotowania próbek biologicznych do sekwencjonowania oraz opracowanie autorskich narzędzi bioinformatycznych, do analizy mikrobiomu w oparciu o bazy NCBI, SLIVA i PR2.
MATERIAŁ I METODY
Próbki, z różnorodnych części ciała, wydalin i wydzielin ptaków (takich jak gęsi, kaczki, kury, gołębie), zostały poddane procesowi izolacji DNA za pomocą zestawu kolumn krzemionkowych. Po izolacji próbki były poddane reakcji PCR, w celu powielenia sekwencji nukleotydowych genów 16s, 18s i 26s rRNA. Kolejno przeprowadzono sekwencjonowanie na nanoporach (urządzenie MinIon, odczynniki V14, Oxford Nanopore). Wyniki przetwarzano przy użyciu oprogramowania MiniKnow (Oxford Nanopore) oraz autorskich protokołów bioinformatycznych opartych na oprogramowaniu Centrifuge.
WYNIKI I DYSKUSJA
Wyniki ilustrują wysokie zróżnicowanie w składzie gatunków mikroorganizmów w analizowanych próbkach mikrobiomu. Interesującym odkryciem było rozpoznanie na poziomie gatunku bakterii Escherichia fergusoni w wymazie z wola gołębia, standardowy posiew rozpoznał tylko rodzaj Escherichia. Dodatkowo wykryto infekcje różnymi gatunkami Mycoplasma, które nie są zwykle wykrywalne tradycyjnymi metodami posiewowymi.
WNIOSKI
Podsumowując, równoczesna amplifikacja fragmentów 16s, 18s i 26s rRNA i analiza danych autorskimi protokołami bioinformatycznych umożliwia precyzyjną identyfikację gatunkową oraz ilościową mikrobiomów ptaków, składających się zarówno z prokariontów, jak i eukariontów. Wyniki te mogą mieć znaczący wpływ na dalsze badania w dziedzinie genetyki i użytkowania zwierząt.
Combined genetic evaluation using different sets of economic weights of performance traits in laying hens*
T. Szwaczkowski\textsuperscript{1}, E. Skotarczak\textsuperscript{2}, W. Mueller\textsuperscript{3}, S. Kujawa\textsuperscript{3}, P. Nowak\textsuperscript{3}, P. Idziaszek\textsuperscript{3}, K. Koszela\textsuperscript{3}, A. Swat\textsuperscript{4}, M. Lisowski\textsuperscript{5}, K. Poltowicz\textsuperscript{6}
\textit{Poznan University of Life Sciences, \textsuperscript{1}Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding}
\textit{Department of Mathematical and Statistical Methods, \textsuperscript{2}}
\textit{Department of Biosystem Engineering, \textsuperscript{3}}
\textit{Pedigree Farm of Laying Hens „Rszew” in Konstantynów Łódzki}
\textit{National Research Institute of Animal Production in Krakow, \textsuperscript{5} Department of Reproductive Biotechnology and Cryoconservation, \textsuperscript{6}Department of Poultry Breeding}
KEY WORDS: egg production, pedigree flock, multitrait BLUP
INTRODUCTION
The combined breeding value is defined as the sum of the products of predictors of genetic effects and the economic weights of recorded traits. The objective of the research study was to determine the impact of various sets economic weights on the rankings of birds according to their genetic potential.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The research material consisted of 824 laying hens (with four-generation pedigree information) of the P55 strain (Barried Rock) housed at the Pedigree Farm of Laying Hens “Rszew” in Konstantynów Łódzki. The following traits were recorded: body weight, sexual maturity, average egg weight, initial egg production, rate of initial egg production and eggshell thickness. Prediction of additive genetic effects was performed using the BLUP under a six-trait animal model. Seven scenarios of economic weights were included. The Kendall’s rank correlation method was applied to estimate the concordance of rankings of birds.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Generally, the rank correlation coefficients were positive and high. They ranged from 0.787 to 0.970. The omission in the assessment of the rate of initial egg production (by definition, highly correlated with the initial egg production) did not considerably modify the rankings. On the other hand, larger differences in the rankings in their breeding value (with the same economic weights) were obtained for the SELEKT and BLUP (unpublished data).
CONCLUSIONS
The obtained results indicate the possibility of further modifications of the applied genetic improvement programme.
* / The study is financed by the GENDROB research project of „DZIAŁANIE 16 WSPÓŁPRACA” – contract nr 00038.DDD.6509.00101.2019.06
Łączna wartość hodowlana kur nieśnych wyznaczana na podstawie różnych zestawów wag ekonomicznych cech użytkowych*
T. Szwaczkowski¹, E. Skotarczak², W. Mueller³, S. Kujawa³, P. Nowak³, P. Idziaszek³, K. Koszela³, A. Swat⁴, M. Lisowski⁵, K. Poltowicz⁶
*Badania finansowane z projektu GENDROB programu DZIAŁANIE 16 WSPÓŁPRACA – nr umowy 00038.DDD.6509.00101.2019.06
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE: nieśność, hodowla zarodowa, wielocechowy BLUP
WSTĘP
Łączna wartość hodowlana definiowana jest jako suma iloczynów predyktorów efektów genetycznych i wag ekonomicznych poszczególnych cech. Celem badań było określenie wpływu różnych wag ekonomicznych na rankingi ptaków pod względem ich potencjału genetycznego.
MATERIAŁ I METODY
Materiał badawczy stanowiły 824 kury nieśne (z czteropokoleniową informacją rodowodową) rodu P55 (Barried Rock) utrzymywanej w Zarodowej Fermie Kur Nieśnych „Rszew” w Konstantynowie Łódzkim. Rejestrowano następujące cechy: masa ciała, dojrzałość płciowa, średnia masa jaja, nieśność początkowa, tempo nieśności początkowej i grubość skorupy jaja. Predykcji efektów genetycznych addytywnych dokonano z użyciem sześciocechowego modelu osobniczego BLUP. Uwzględniono siedem scenariuszy wag ekonomicznych. Do oceny zgodności uszeregowan osobników wykorzystano metodę korelacji rang Kendalla.
WYNIKI I DYSKUSJA
Generalnie, współczynniki korelacji rang były dodatnie i wysokie. Kształtowały się w granicach od 0.787 do 0.970. Pominięcie w ocenie tempa nieśności (z definicji wysoce skorelowanego z nieśnością początkową) nie zmodyfikowało znacząco rankingu. Natomiast większe różnice w uszeregowaniu ptaków pod względem ich wartości hodowlanej (przy tych samych wagach ekonomicznych) otrzymano dla szacowań SELEKT i BLUP (dane niepublikowane).
WNIOSKI
Uzyskane wyniki wskazują na możliwości kolejnych modyfikacji stosowanego programu genetycznego doskonalenia.
Analysis of the chickens hatchability depending on the presence of eggshell defect
K. Wengerska, K. Drabik, A. Ramankevich, S. Grzejszczak, K. Kasperek, J. Batkowska
University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Institute of Biological Basis of Animal Production
KEY WORDS: eggshell defects, chicks quality, shell thickness, embryos mortality
INTRODUCTION
Shell defects in the table eggs, as long as they do not imply a break in the eggshell continuity, do not constitute a commercial problem. In the case of hatching eggs, some defects may significantly limit the hatchability of the chicks and/or modify their quality. The aim of this study was to analyze hatchability and assess the quality of the chicks obtained depending on the presence of a shell defect.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The material consisted of 550 eggs from Leghorn hens at 28 wks of age. Eggs were candled and divided into 5 subgroups according to the most common defects found, i.e. severe stripe marks, points, marble, pimple, internal wrinkles, the control group was eggs without a shell defect. The eggs were weighed, the short and long axes were measured as well shell thickness non-destructively (EGG Shell Thickness Gauge, ESTG-1, "Orka"). Then they were disinfected and incubated under standard conditions. On day 6th and 18th day eggs were candled. The obtained chicks were assessed; weighed and measured (from the beak to the tip of the middle toe of the foot). The hatchability from set and fertile eggs and embryo mortality in particular incubation sub-periods were estimated. Unhatched eggs were analysed to determine the age at which the embryo had died and any abnormalities in its arrangement.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Shell defect did not differentiate egg weight, but internal wrinkles was noted in the roundest eggs and points in the most elongated ones. Eggs without defects had the thinnest shell, those with marbling and internal wrinkles the thickest. The type of shell defect did not affect hatching performance with the exception of early embryo mortality, which was significantly highest in eggs with marbled shells. The smallest proportion of the chick to the egg weight was recorded in pimpled eggs, the largest in eggs without defects. The longest chicks hatched from eggs with internal wrinkles, significantly the shortest with marbling. Analyzing the dead embryos congestions were found significantly more often in eggs from the control group, while they were not shown in eggs with marbling, pimples and internal wrinkles. The greatest number of embryos in intact eggs and with marks and internal wrinkles died at the last hatching stage, up to day 8, embryos in eggs with marbled shells died the most frequently.
CONCLUSIONS
It appears that shell defects, including, those generally ignored during the material selection at the hatchery, may modify hatching performance and the quality of the chicks obtained, however, this requires further research on a larger sample.
Ocena wylegowości piskląt w zależności występowania wad skorupy jaja
K. Wengerska, K. Drabik, A. Ramankevich, S. Grzejszczak, K. Kasperek, J. Batkowska
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Lublinie, Instytut Biologicznych Podstaw Produkcji Zwierzęcej
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE: wady skorupy, jakość piskląt, grubość skorupy, śmiertelność zarodków
WSTĘP
Wady skorupy w jajach konsumpcyjnych, o ile nie wiążą się z przerwaniem ciągłości skorupy, nie stanowią problemu w obrocie handlowym. W przypadku jaj wylegowych część wad może istotnie ograniczać wylegowość piskląt i/lub modyfikować ich jakość. Celem pracy była analiza wylegu oraz ocena jakości pozyskanych piskląt w zależności od występowania wady skorupy.
MATERIAŁ I METODY
Material stanowiło 550 jaj pozyskanych od kur Leghorn w wieku 28 tyg. Jaja prześwietlono i podzielono na podgrupy wg 5 najczęściej występujących wad skorupy tj. śladów, punktów, marmurkowatości, narośli oraz falistości wewnętrznej, grupą kontrolną były jaja bez wady skorupy. Jaja zważono, zmierzono osie krótką i długą, niedestrukcyjnie określono grubość skorupy (EGG Shell Thickness Gauge, ESTG-1, "Orka"), zdezynfekowano i inkubowano w standardowych warunkach. W 6. i 18. dobie jaja prześwietlono. Uzyskane pisklęta oceniono pod względem jakości, zważono i zmierzono (od dzioba do końca środkowego palca skoku). Oszacowano wylegowość z jaj nałożonych i zapłodnionych i śmiertelność zarodków w poszczególnych podokresach inkubacji. Jaja niewyklute analizowano pod kątem wieku, w jakim zarodek zamarł oraz ewentualnych nieprawidłowości w jego ułożeniu.
WYNIKI I DYSKUSJA
Wada skorupy nie różnićowała masy jaj, ale w najbardziej okrągłych jajach odnotowano falistość wewnętrzną, a w najbardziej wydłużonych punkty. Najcięższą skorupę miały jaja bez wad, najgrubszą te z marmurkowatością i falistością wew. Rodzaj wady skorupy nie wpłynął na wyniki wylegu z wyjątkiem wczesnej śmiertelności zarodków, których najwięcej zamarło w jajach o marmurkowej skorupie. Najmniejszy udział pisklęcia w masie jaja odnotowano w jajach z naroślami, największy w jajach bez wad. Najdłuższe pisklęta wykluły się z jaj z falistością wew., istotnie najkrótsze z marmurkowatością. Analizując zamarłe zarodki przekrwienia znacznie częściej stwierdzano w jajach z grupy kontrolnej, a nie wykazano ich w jajach z marmurkowatością, naroślami i falistością. Najwięcej zarodków w jajach bez wad oraz ze śladami i falistością zamarło w ostatniej fazie lęgu, do 8.doby, zamierały najczęściej zarodki w jajach o marmurkowatej skorupie.
WNIOSKI
Wydaje się, że wady skorupy, w tym także, te na ogół pomijane w trakcie selekcji materiału w zakładzie wylegowym, mogą modyfikować wyniki wylegu i jakość pozyskiwanych piskląt, co wymaga jednak dalszych badań na większej próbie.
Use of artificial intelligence (AI) to analyze the pigmentation and porosity of guinea fowl eggshells using NATUREPATTERNMATCH
W. Wójcik, P. Pstrokoński, K. Damaziak
Warsaw University of Life Sciences
Department of Animal Breeding
Institute of Animal Sciences, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland
KEY WORDS: Artificial intelligence, eggs, pigmentation,
INTRODUCTION
Over the past decades, AI has been increasingly used to process and analyze data. Technological advances have led to the development of neural networks, which simulate the workings of the human brain. The use of neural networks aims to analyze a lot of data in a fairly short time. The NATUREPATTERNMATCH program has been developed to analyze the pigmentation and porosity of eggshells.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Among other things, it performs the Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT). SIFT features were commonly used to analyze topographic and landscape images. The program locates SIFT features and extracts key features associated with individual egg pattern markings. SIFT features are extracted in a way that mimics the response of primate neurons when recognizing objects. The software was first developed and used by Stoddard et al (2014) to analyze the matching of a breeding parasitoid (the common cuckoo) to the host species on which it parasitized. The question posed was: can host birds combat cuckoo parasitism by evolving highly recognizable pigments on eggshells? The authors' results show different evolutionary mechanisms to counteract hatchling parasitism. The program has also been used to assess mating between common guinea fowl eggs with different shell porosities (Damaziak et al., 2023).
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
So far, porosity has not been investigated using artificial intelligence. It was shown, a linear increase in recognizable SIFT features with increasing shell porosity. Eggs with strong porosity had a 22% match between them, medium porosity had a replicability of 21%, and eggs with low shell porosity had a replicability of porosity of 16%.
CONCLUSIONS
The use of artificial intelligence can be a very helpful tool to assess the pigmentation and replicability of the porosity of eggs of different bird species.
Wykorzystanie sztucznej inteligencji (SI) do analizy pigmentacji i porowatości skorup jaj perlicy domowej na przykładzie programu NATUREPATTERNMATCH
W. Wójcik, P. Pstrokoński, K. Damaziak
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
Katedra Hodowli Zwierząt,
Instytut Nauk o Zwierzętach, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786 Warszawa
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE: sztuczna inteligencja, jaja, pigmentacja
WSTĘP
W ciągu ostatnich dekad coraz częściej używa się sztucznej inteligencji (SI) do przetwarzania i analizy danych. Postęp technologiczny spowodował powstanie sieci neuronowych, które symulują prace ludzkiego mózgu. Wykorzystanie sieci neuronowych ma na celu analizę wielu danych w dość krótkim czasie. Program NATUREPATTERNMATCH został stworzony do analizy pigmentacji i porowatości skorupy jaj.
MATERIAŁ I METODY
Wykonuje on między innymi transformację cech niezmienicznych skali - Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT). Cechy SIFT powszechnie były używane do analizy obrazów topograficznych i krajobrazowych. Program lokalizuje cechy SIFT i wyodrębnia kluczowe cechy związane z indywidualnymi oznaczeniami wzoru jajka. Cechy SIFT są wyodrębniane w sposób naśladujący odpowiedź neuronów naczelnych przy rozpoznawaniu obiektów. Program został stworzony i wykorzystany po raz pierwszy przez Stoddard i wsp. (2014) do analizy dopasowania pasożyta łęgowego (kukulki zwyczajnej) do gatunków gospodarza, na których pasożytował. Postawione zostało pytanie: czy ptaki-gospodarze mogą walczyć z pasożytnictwem kukulki, ewoluując wysoce rozpoznawalne pigmente na skorupach jaj? Wyniki autorów pokazują różne mechanizmy ewolucyjne przeciwdziałania pasożytnictwu łęgowemu. Program został również wykorzystany do oceny dopasowania między jajami perlicy zwyczajnej o różnej porowatości skorupy (Damaziak i wsp., 2023).
WYNIKI I DYSKUSJA
Jak dotąd nie badano porowatości za pomocą sztucznej inteligencji. Wykazano, liniowy wzrost rozpoznawalnych cech SIFT wraz ze wzrostem porowatości skorupy. Jaja o mocnej porowatości miały 22% dopasowania miedzy nimi, średnia porowatość cechowała się powtarzalnością na poziomie 21%, zaś jaja o niskiej porowatości skorupy cechowały się replikowalnością porowatości na poziomie 16%.
WNIOSKI
Wykorzystanie sztucznej inteligencji może być bardzo pomocnym narzędziem do oceny pigmentacji i replikowalności porowatości jaj różnych gatunków ptaków.
Sesja Naukowa/ Scientific Session
Jakość Produktów Drobiarskich/
The Quality of Poultry Products
Selected meat traits of the P-44 and P-55 strains of Pekin ducks
B. Biesiada-Drzazga, D. Banaszewska, E. Wencek\textsuperscript{1}, S. Kaim
Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Institute of Animal Science and Fisheries, Siedlce, Poland
\textsuperscript{1} National Poultry Council – Chamber of Commerce, Poznań
KEY WORDS: ducks, body weight, muscles, fat
INTRODUCTION
The P-44 strain of Polish Pekin ducks was created in 1962 and is the oldest strain used in Poland. Strain P-55 was created five years later, in 1967. Both of these strains have very good performance value, in terms of both meat and reproductive traits. Polish Pekin ducks of strains P-44 and P-55 are preferred for intensive breeding, but are also very well adapted to semi-intensive and extensive farming. Assessment of selected traits of Polish Pekin ducks of strains P-44 and P-55 and analysis of their differences can help to increase interest in these genotypes among producers choosing breeding material.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The research material consisted of male and female Polish Pekin ducks of strains P-44 and P-55 and the aim of the study was to assess the meat value of these birds. The assessment included determination of individual body weights at the age of 3 and 7 weeks and zoometric measurements of the length of the keel and the thickness of the breast muscles at 7 weeks of age. The data were used to calculate the weight of the muscles (Y) and of the fat together with the skin (U) using multiple regression equations (Bochno et al., 1988; Wencek, 2014). The weight of the muscles and of the fat together with the skin in ducks of strains P-44 and P-55 were calculated using the following equations:
\[ Y = 0.213x_1 + 24.760x_2 + 62.800x_3 - 253.100 \]
\[ U = 0.247x_1 - 32.036x_2 + 62.091x_3 + 168.369 \]
where: \( x_1 \) – body weight of ducks at 7 weeks (g), \( 2 \times x_2 \) – keel length of ducks at 7 weeks (cm) \( x_3 \) – breast muscle thickness at 7 weeks (cm). The results were used to determine their percentage content in the body of each male and female duck.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
In both strains, body weight was significantly higher in males at 7 weeks of age than in females. The body weight of 7-week-old males of strain P-55 was statistically non-significantly lower, by 10.24 g, than that of males of strain P-44. Higher body weight was noted in females of strain P-55 compared to strain P-44. The differences obtained for this trait within sexes were statistically non-significant. With respect to keel length, statistically significant differences in males and females were obtained in the duck populations. The muscle content in the body of live birds ranged from 27.93% (strain P-55 females) to 28.43% (strain P-44 males), and the content of fat with the skin ranged from 20.64% (strain P-44 females) to 21.10% (strain P-55 males). The values were statistically significant for the strains and sexes.
CONCLUSIONS
Analysis of the results showed statistically significant differences between the populations of ducks of strains P-44 and P-55 in terms of the traits analysed.
Wybrane cechy rzeźne kaczek pekin rodu P-44 i P-55
B. Biesiada-Drzazga, D. Banaszewska, E. Wencek\textsuperscript{1}, S. Kaim
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczo-Humanistyczny w Siedlcach, Instytut Zootechniki i Rybactwa, Siedlce, Polska
\textsuperscript{1} Krajowa Rada Drobiarstwa – Izba Gospodarcza, Poznań
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE: kaczki, masa ciała, mięśnie, tłuszcz
WSTĘP
Ród P-44 kaczek pekin krajowy został wytworzony w 1962 r. i jest najstarszym rodem użytkowym w Polsce. Z kolei ród P-55 powstał w 1967 r., pięć lat później. Obydwa te rody odznaczają się bardzo dobrymi walorami użytkowymi zarówno mięsnymi, jak i reprodukcyjnymi. Rody P-44 i P-55 kaczek pekin krajowy są preferowane do chowu intensywnego, ale również wykazują bardzo dobre przystosowanie do chowu półintensywnego i ekstensywnego. Ocena wybranych cech rodów P-44 i P-55 kaczek pekin krajowy oraz analiza ich zróżnicowania mogą przyczynić się do zwiększenia zainteresowania producentów tymi genotypami przy wyborze materiału hodowlanego.
MATERIAŁ I METODY
Materiał badawczy stanowiły kaczki i kaczory pekin krajowy rodów P-44 i P-55, a celem badań była ocena wartości rzeźnej tych ptaków. Ocena ta obejmowała określenie indywidualnej masy ciała w wieku 3. i 7. tygodni życia oraz wykonaniu pomiarów zoometrycznych długości grzebienia mostka i grubości mięśni piersiowych w 7. tygodniu życia. Uzyskane dane posłużyły do obliczenia masy mięśni (Y) i tłuszczu liczonego łącznie ze skórą (U), za pomocą równań regresji wielokrotniej (Bochno i in., 1988; Wencek, 2014). Masę mięśni oraz tłuszczu ze skórą u kaczorów i kaczek z rodów P-44 i P-55 obliczono za pomocą równań:
\[ Y = 0,213x_1 + 24,760x_2 + 62,800x_3 - 253,100; \]
\[ U = 0,247x_1 - 32,036x_2 + 62,091x_3 + 168,369; \]
w których: \( x_1 \) – masa ciała kaczek w 7. tygodniu życia (g), \( x_2 \) – długość grzebienia mostka kaczek w 7. tygodniu życia (cm), \( x_3 \) – grubość mięśni piersiowych kaczek w 7. tygodniu życia (cm). Uzyskane wyniki posłużyły do określenia ich procentowej zawartości w ciele każdego samca i samicy.
WYNIKI I DYSKUSJA
W obu rodach stwierdzono istotnie wyższą masę ciała samców w 7. tygodniu życia w porównaniu z samicami. Masa ciała 7-tygodniowych kaczorów rodu P-55 była statystycznie nieistotnie mniejsza o 10,24 g w porównaniu do samców rodu P-44. Większą masę ciała stwierdzono u samic rodu P-55 w porównaniu do kaczek rodu P-44. Różnica w wartościach tej cechy w zakresie płci były statystycznie nieistotne. W odniesieniu do długości grzebienia mostka stwierdzono statystycznie istotne różnice u samców i samic ocenianych populacji kaczek. Zawartość mięśni w ciele żywych ptaków kształtowała się w przedziale od 27,93% (samice rodu P-55) do 28,43% (samce rodu P-44), a zawartość tłuszczu ze skórą szacowane przybliżycowo wyniosły od 20,64% (samice rodu P-44) do 21,10% (samce rodu P-55) i były statystycznie istotne dla ocenianych rodów i płci ptaków.
WNIOSKI
Analiza osiągniętych wyników wykazała statystycznie istotne zróżnicowanie kaczek rodów P-44 i P-55 pod względem analizowanych cech.
Analysis of the quality and chemical composition of double-yolked eggs compared to those with normal structure
K. Drabik\textsuperscript{1}, K. Wengerska\textsuperscript{1}, L. Urbaś\textsuperscript{2}, K. Kasparek\textsuperscript{1}, J. Batkowska\textsuperscript{1}
\textsuperscript{1} Institute of Biological Basis of Animal Production
University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 13 Akademicka St3, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
\textsuperscript{2} DysDrob Ltd., Dys, 19 Nadrzeczna St., 21-003 Ciecierzyn, Poland
KEYWORDS: table eggs, chemical composition, fatty acid profile, egg defects
INTRODUCTION
Double-yolked eggs occur in meat type and laying hens especially at the beginning of laying production. Although the causes of their occurrence are fairly well understood and work is ongoing to reduce them, the problem still affects about 1-2% of eggs. Because of their reduced hatchability, such eggs are waste from hatching plants, but may be of interest in the context of table eggs. The aim of this study was to analyse the quality and technological suitability of double-yolked eggs in comparison with eggs of normal structure.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The study material consisted of 180 eggs from a reproductive stock of meat type hens. The 120 of them were double-yolked eggs and 60 single-yolked ones constituting the control group. The eggs were numbered individually and then analysed for their quality in terms of characteristics of the whole egg (weight, shape index, specific gravity), shell (colour, strength, weight, density), albumen (pH, height, weight, Haugh units) and yolk (colour, weight, index, pH). During the analyses, yolks were sampled for basic composition and fatty acid profile (by gas chromatography) analyses. The fatty acid indices were also calculated.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
It was found that 2-yolk eggs differed significantly from single-yolked eggs in terms of their weight, proportion of particular elements, total protein content in yolk, the fatty acid profile and their indexes, both due to the presence or absence of 2 yolks and in the context of the particular yolks comparison. The results obtained indicate the possibility of using double-yolked eggs as table eggs due to the absence of negative effects of double-yolkedness and the increased content of biologically important components such as fatty acids.
Analiza jakości i składu chemicznego jaj dwuzółtkowych w porównaniu z jajami o prawidłowej budowie
K. Drabik¹, K. Wengerska¹, L. Urbaś², K. Kasparek¹, J. Batkowska¹
¹Instytut Biologicznych Podstaw Produkcji Zwierzęce
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Lublinie, ul. Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Polska
² DysDrob sp. z o.o., Dys, Ul. Nadrzeczna 19 21-003 Ciecierzyn
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE: glinokrzemiany, makroelementy, wytrzymałość kości
WSTĘP
Jaja dwuzółtkowe występują u kur mięsnych i nieśnych zwłaszcza na początku nieśności. Choć przyczyny ich powstawania zostały dość dobrze poznane i trwają prace nad ich ograniczeniem problem ten dotyczy nadal ok 1-2% jaj. Z uwagi na obniżoną zdolność wylęgową jaj takie stanowią odpad z zakładów wylegowych, jednak mogą być obiektem zainteresowania w kontekście jaj konsumpcyjnych. Celem pracy była analiza jakości i przydatności technologicznej jaj dwuzółtkowych w porównaniu z jajami o prawidłowej budowie.
MATERIAŁ I METODY
Materiał do badań stanowiło w sumie 180 jaj pochodzących od stada reprodukcyjnego kur mięsnych. 120 jaj z nich stanowiły jaja dwuzółtkowe, zaś 60 jaja jednożółtkowe stanowiące grupę kontrolną. Jaja ponumerowano indywidualnie a następnie poddane analizie ich jakości w zakresie cech całego jaja (masa, indeks kształtu, gęstość), skorupy (barwa, wytrzymałość, masa, spoistość), białka (pH, wysokość, masa, jednostki Haugh’a) oraz żółtka (barwa, masa, indeks kształtu, pH). W czasie analiz pobrano próbę żółtek do analiz obejmujących skład podstawowy, profil kwasów tłuszczowych (metodą chromatografii gazowej) oraz określono indeksy kwasów tłuszczowych.
WYNIKI I DYSKUSJA
Stwierdzono, że jaja dwuzółtkowe różniły się istotnie od jaj jednożółtkowych masą, udziałem poszczególnych elementów w masie jaja, zawartością białka ogólnego w żółtkach jak również pod kątem profilu kwasów tłuszczowych oraz ich indeksów zarówno ze względu na obecność 2 kul żółtkowych lub jej brak, jak również w kontekście pojedynczych analizowanych żółtek. Uzyskane wyniki wskazują na możliwość wykorzystania jaj dwuzółtkowych jako jaj konsumpcyjnych ze względu na brak negatywnych skutków dwuzółtkowości oraz podniesioną zawartość ważnych biologicznie składników jak kwasy tłuszczowe.
The effect of *Hermetia illucens* fat inclusion in laying hen diets on egg quality
A. Drażbo\(^1\), D. Józefiak\(^2\), J. Naczmański\(^1\), P. Konieczka\(^1\), K. Kozłowski\(^1\)
\(^1\)University of Warmia in Mazury in Olsztyn, Department of Poultry Science and Apiculture, Oczapowskiego 5, 10-719 Olsztyn
\(^2\)Poznan University of Life Sciences, Department of Animal Nutrition, Wołyńska 33, 60-625 Poznań
KEY WORDS: laying hens, insect fat, egg quality, fatty acids profile
INTRODUCTION
Insect fats can be a source of many nutrients, including energy and essential fatty acids, but there is a lack of research into how they affect the quality of poultry products. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of fat from *Hermetia illucens* (HI) larvae in substitution to the soybean oil on physico-chemical traits of eggs and fatty acid profile in laying hens.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A total of 168 Hy-Line Brown layers at 56 weeks of age, kept in battery cages, were divided into 3 dietary treatments (28 replicates/cages of 2 birds each). For 12 weeks, the birds were fed diets with different type of fat as follows: group (C) - a diet with 5% addition of soybean oil; group T2 - a diet in which 50% of soybean oil was replaced with fat from *Hermetia illucens* larvae, group T3 - a diet in which 100% of soybean oil was replaced with fat from *Hermetia illucens* larvae. On the last day of the experiment, 12 eggs were collected from each group to determine the selected egg quality indicators and yolk fatty acid profile.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The total replacement of soybean oil with fat from HI in the diets of laying hens significantly improved egg yolk colour (P=0.012), but significantly deteriorated shell quality parameters, i.e. thickness, strength and shell content, compared to the C group (P=0.030, P=0.008 and P=0.001, respectively). No change in the above-mentioned parameters was observed with 50% replacement of soybean oil with fat from HI. With an increased inclusion of HI fat in the diet of laying hens a significant increase in the concentration of SFA in the egg yolk (P<0.001), including lauric acid (C12:0, P<0.001) was noted. There was also a significant increase in MUFA and a decrease in PUFA (P<0.001, both), including C18:3 and C22:6 (P<0.001). Irrespective of the level the HI fat had no effect on the n6/n3 PUFA ratio.
CONCLUSIONS
It can be concluded that the introduction of *Hermetia illucens* larvae fat can significantly affect egg quality indicators and changes in the fatty acid profile of egg yolks. A partial (50%) substitution of soybean oil for HI fat in laying hens diet is more recommended than a total substitution (100%), as it does not impaire shell quality indices and has lower effect on the PUFA n-3 concentration in the egg yolk.
Wpływ zastosowania tłuszczu z *Hermetia illucens* w dietach dla kur nieśnych na jakość jaj
A. Drażbo\(^1\), D. Józefiak\(^2\), J. Naczmański\(^1\), P. Konieczka\(^1\), K. Kozłowski\(^1\)
\(^1\)Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie, Katedra Drobiarstwa i Pszczelnictwa, ul. Oczapowskiego 5, 10-719 Olsztyn
\(^2\)Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Poznaniu, Katedra Żywienia Zwierząt, ul. Wołyńska 33, 60-637 Poznań
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE: kury nieśne, tłuszcz paszowy, jakość jaj, profil kwasów tłuszczowych
**WSTĘP**
Tłuszcz owadzi może być źródłem wielu składników pokarmowych, w tym energii i niezbędnych kwasów tłuszczowych, brakuje jednak badań dotyczących jego wpływu na jakość produktów drobiarskich. Dlatego celem niniejszego badania było określenie wpływu tłuszczu z larw *Hermetia illucens* (HI), jako częściowego lub całkowitego substytutu oleju sojowego, na właściwości fizykochemiczne i profil kwasów tłuszczowych jaj kurzych.
**MATERIAŁ I METODY**
Doświadczenie przeprowadzono na 168 nioskach Hy-Line Brown w wieku 56 tygodni, utrzymywanych w klatkach bateryjnych, podzielonych na 3 grupy żywieniowe (28 powtórzeń/klatek po 2 ptaki w każdej). Przez 12 tygodni ptaki otrzymywały diety różnicowane rodzajem tłuszczu w następujący sposób: grupa (C) - dieta z 5% dodatkiem oleju sojowego; grupa T2 - dieta, w której 50% oleju sojowego zastąpiono tłuszczem z larw *Hermetia illucens*, grupa T3 - dieta, w której 100% oleju sojowego zastąpiono tłuszczem z larw *Hermetia illucens*. Ostatniego dnia eksperymentu z każdej grupy pobrano po 12 jaj w celu określenia wybranych wskaźników jakości jaj i profilu kwasów tłuszczowych żółtka.
**WYNIKI I DYSKUSJA**
Całkowite zastąpienie oleju sojowego tłuszczem z HI w diecie kur niosek istotnie wpłynęło na poprawę wybarwienia żółtka jaja (P=0,012), ale pogorszyło wskaźniki jakości skorupy, tj. grubość, wytrzymałość i udział w jaju, w porównaniu do grupy C (odpowiednio P=0,030, P=0,008 i P=0,001). Nie zaobserwowano zmian wartości wspomnianych wskaźników przy 50% zastąpieniu oleju sojowego tłuszczem z HI. Wraz ze wzrostem udziału tłuszczu HI w diecie kur niosek, odnotowano istotne zwiększenie stężenia SFA w żółtku jaja (P<0,001), w tym kwasu laurynowego (C12:0, P<0,001). Odnotowano również istotny wzrost MUFA i spadek PUFA (P<0,001, oba), w tym C18:3 i C22:6 (P<0,001). Niezależnie od zastosowanego poziomu tłuszcz z HI nie miał wpływu na stosunek n6/n3 PUFA.
**WNIOSKI**
Wprowadzenie tłuszczu z larw *Hermetia illucens* do diety kur nieśnych może znacząco wpływać na wskaźniki jakości jaj i zmiany w profilu kwasów tłuszczowych żółtek jaj. Częściowa (50%) substytucja oleju sojowego tłuszczem z HI w diecie niosek jest bardziej zalecana niż całkowita substytucja (100%), ponieważ nie powoduje pogorszenia parametrów jakości skorupy i ma mniejszy wpływ na zmiany koncentracji PUFA n-3 w żółtku jaja.
The quality of poulard meat depending on the date of slaughter
J. Obrzut
National Research Institute of Animal Production, Department of Poultry Breeding
Krakowska 1, 32-083 Balice, Poland
KEY WORDS: poulard, native breeds, meat quality.
INTRODUCTION
In recent years, the quality of poultry meat products have become major concerns for consumers. There has been an increase in consumer demand for meat with distinctive aromas and flavors, which has led to a revival of the use of traditional practices such as caponization and ovariectomy. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of ovary removal on the meat quality of Sussex (S-66) hens depending on the slaughter data.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The study used 100 hens, which were weighed, individually tagged and randomly assigned to two groups with 50 birds per group. In the 10th week of the experiment, the birds underwent ovary excision. The birds were fed ad libitum with whole-portion starter, grower and finisher mixes. At the end of the rearing period 20 and 24 weeks, 10 birds whose body weights were similar to the group average were slaughtered and their meat was subjected to detailed analysis.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Body weight gain of poulards from 20 to 24 weeks of age was high (P≤0.01) and amounted to 293 g. No statistically significant differences were observed in carcass color lightness (L*) and redness (a*) between groups. On the other hand, among poulards slaughtered at 20 weeks of age, yellowness (b*) was lower (P≤0.05). Differences in such traits as: carcass weight loss during chilling, dressing percentage, and pectoral and thigh muscle percentage were slight and statistically non-significant, both between groups. Only giblet percentage was significantly lower in carcasses of older poulards (P≤0.05). Abdominal fat was at a similar level both among between 20 and 24 weeks old poulards. In experimental groups acidity of pectoral and thigh muscles measured both 15 minutes after slaughter and after 24-hour chilling remained at similar level. No significant differences were noted in thigh and pectoral muscle color between young and old poulards, except for yellowness (b*) of pectoral muscles which the highest in poulards slaughtered at 20 than at 24 weeks of age (P≤0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
The present studies demonstrated that by using obtained by crossing dual-purpose hens S-66 for production of poulards, rearing period can be shortened to 20 weeks without compromising or even improving meat quality traits compared with poulards slaughtered at 24 weeks of age.
Jakość mięsa pulard w zależności od terminu uboju
J. Obrzut
Instytut Zootechniki Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, Zakład Hodowli Drobiu
ul. Krakowska 1, 32-083 Balice, Polska
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE: pularda, rodzime rasy, jakość mięsa
WSTĘP
W ostatnich latach jakość produktów z mięsa drobiowego stała się głównym problemem konsumentów. Nastąpił wzrost zapotrzebowania konsumentów na mięso o charakterystycznych aromatach i smakach, co doprowadziło do ożywienia stosowanych tradycyjnych praktyk, takich jak kaplonizacja i wycięcie jajników. Celem badań była ocena wpływu usunięcia jajnika na jakość mięsa kur Sussex (S-66) w zależności od terminu uboju.
MATERIAŁ I METODY
Badaniami objęto 100 kur, które po zważeniu i indywidualnym oznakowaniu, przydzielono losowo do dwóch grup po 50 sztuk w każdej. W 10 tygodniu doświadczenia ptaki poddano zabiegowi wycięcia jajnika. Ptaki karmiono ad libitum mieszkankami starter, grower i finiszer. Po zakończeniu odchowu w 20 i 24 tygodniu z każdej grupy wybrano do uboju po 10 ptaków o masie ciała zbliżonej do średniej w grupie, których mięso poddano szczegółowej analizie.
WYNIKI I DYSKUSJA
Przyrost masy ciała pulard od 20. do 24. tygodnia był znaczący (P≤0,01) i wynosił 293 g. Nie stwierdzono statystycznie istotnych różnic w wysycieniu barwy tuszek w kierunku jasności (L*) oraz czerwieni (a*) między grupami. Natomiast wśród pulard ubijanych w 20 tygodniu odnotowano mniejsze wysycenie w kierunku żółci (b*) (P≤0,05). Różnice w zakresie takich cech jak: straty masy tuszek podczas schładzania, wydajności rzeźnej tuszek, udziału mięśni piersiowych i nóg były niewielkie i statystycznie nieistotne. Stwierdzono jedynie istotnie mniejszy udział podrobów w tuszkach starszych pulard (P≤0,05). Odnotowano udział tłuszczu sadelkowego na zbliżonym poziomie zarówno u 20 i 24 tygodniowych pulard. W grupach doświadczalnych kwasowość mięśni piersiowych i mięśni nóg ptaków mierzona po 15 minutach po uboju, jak i po 24-godzinnym schłodzeniu, utrzymywała się na podobnym poziomie. Nie odnotowano istotnych różnic w zakresie barwy mięśni nóg oraz piersi, między pulardami młodszymi i starszymi, z wyjątkiem wysycenia mięśni piersiowych w kierunku żółci (b*), które było większe wśród pulard ubijanych w 20 niż w 24 tygodniu życia (P≤0,05).
WNIOSKI
W wyniku przeprowadzonych badań stwierdzono, że wykorzystując do produkcji pulard kury ogólnoużytkowe S-66 można skrócić okres odchowu do 20. tygodni, uzyskując równocześnie mięso o porównywalnych lub nawet lepszych cechach jakości w porównaniu do pulard ubijanych w 24. tygodniu.
Fatty acid profile and healthy indices of heat-treated goose meat
A. Okruszek, M. Wereńska, G. Haraf
Wroclaw University of Economics and Business, Department of Food Science and Nutrition
KEY WORDS: goose meat, heat treatment, fatty acid profile, healthy indices
INTRODUCTION
Heat treatment can lead to undesirable changes in the nutritional value of meat, for example, due to lipid oxidation, changes in the protein fraction, and losses of some vitamins and mineral compounds. Goose meat is very beneficial from a nutritional point of view because it contains the most unsaturated fatty acids among all kinds of meat. On the other hand, unsaturated fatty acids can undergo oxidative processes during heat treatment.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in the fatty acid profile and healthy indices of heat-treated breast muscles from White Koluda geese®. The 96 breast muscles (12 with skin and subcutaneous fat and 12 without skin for each heat treatment and control sample) were investigated. In this study, sous-vide (SV), water bath cooking (WBC), and grilling (G) were tested. The fatty acid profile of meat was determined by gas chromatography, and health lipid indices were calculated. The significant differences between the mean values of methods treatment were determined by the Duncan multiple range test (Statistica, v. 13.1.).
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Generally, both kinds of goose meat and the type of heat treatment affected the fatty acid profile and lipid indices. The sum of saturated fatty acids (SFA) was higher in SV and G than in WBC samples. Therefore, generally, SV and WBC characterized a lower Σ MUFA and higher Σ polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) compared to G. The values of Σ PUFA n-6/n-3 ratios for all heat treatments were far from the recommendations, and it was a phenomenon very unfavorable from a nutritional point of view. The SV samples had the lowest Σ PUFA n-6/n-3 ratios and the lowest TI, IB, and NVI indexes compared to other heat treatments. Moreover, the dietary fatty acids having a desirable neutral hypocholesterolemic effect in humans (DFA) for SV and WBC samples with skin were similar and lower than G.
CONCLUSIONS
Based on the obtained results, sous-vide and water bath cooking were found to most beneficial for consumers than the grilling.
The work was created as a result of the implementation of research project grant number: 2019/03/X/NZ9/01875, financed by the National Science Centre and "The project is financed by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education in Poland under the program "Regional Initiative of Excellence" 2019 - 2022 project number 015/RID/2018/19 total funding amount 10 721 040,00 PL
Profil kwasów tłuszczowych i wskaźniki lipidowe mięsa gęsiego poddanego obróbce termicznej
A. Okruszek, M. Wereńska, G. Haraf
Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny we Wrocławiu, Katedra Technologii Żywności i Żywienia
ul. Komandorska, 118/120, 53-345, Wrocław, Polska
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE: mięso gęsi, obróbka termiczna, profil kwasów tłuszczowych, wskaźniki lipidowe
WSTĘP
Obróbka termiczna może prowadzić do niepożądanych zmian wartości odżywczej mięsa, powstających na przykład w wyniku utleniania lipidów, zmian frakcji białkowej, strat niektórych witamin czy związków mineralnych. Mięso gęsi jest pożądane z żywieniowego punktu widzenia, ponieważ zawiera najwięcej nienasyconych kwasów tłuszczowych spośród wszystkich rodzajów mięsa. Z drugiej strony nienasycone kwasy tłuszczowe mogą ulegać procesom utleniania podczas obróbki termicznej.
MATERIAŁ I METODY
Celem badań było określenie zmian profilu kwasów tłuszczowych i wskaźników lipidowych mięśni piersiowych gęsi Białej Koludzkiej® poddanych obróbce termicznej. Badania przeprowadzono na 96 mięśniach piersiowych (12 ze skórą i tłuszczem podskórnym oraz 12 bez skóry dla każdej obróbki cieplnej i próby kontrolnej). W badaniach zastosowano metody obróbki termicznej: sous-vide (SV), gotowanie w wodzie (WBC) oraz grillowanie (G). Profil kwasów tłuszczowych mięsa określono metodą chromatografii gazowej, natomiast wskaźniki lipidowe obliczono na podstawie udziałów oznaczonych kwasów tłuszczowych. Istotność różnic między średnimi wartościami zostały oszacowane przy wykorzystaniu testu wielokrotnego rozstępu z Duncana (Statistica, wersja 13.1.).
WYNIKI I DYSKUSJA
Generalnie, oba rodzaje mięsa gęsiego oraz/lub rodzaj obróbki termicznej wpłynęły na profil kwasów tłuszczowych oraz wskaźniki lipidowe. Suma nasyconych kwasów tłuszczowych (SFA) była wyższa w mięśniach poddanych SV i G, niż WBC. Mięśnie po obróbkach termicznych SV i WBC charakteryzowały się niższymi wartościami Σ MUFA i wyższymi Σ PUFA (wielonienasycone kwasy tłuszczowe) w porównaniu z mięśniami G. Wartości Σ PUFA n-6/n-3 w lipidach mięśni poddanych wszystkim rodzajom obróbek cieplnych były dalekie od zaleceń, co jest niekorzystne z żywieniowego punktu widzenia. Próby SV charakteryzowały się najniższym stosunkiem Σ PUFA n-6/n-3 oraz najniższymi wartościami wskaźników: TI, IB i NVI w porównaniu z innymi obróbkami cieplnymi. Dietetyczne kwasy tłuszczowe mające pożądany neutralny efekt hipoholesteroloemiczny dla ludzi (DFA) dla mięśni po obróbkach SV i WBC ze skórą były podobne i niższe niż dla G.
WNIOSKI
Na podstawie uzyskanych wyników stwierdzono, że metoda sous-vide i gotowanie w wodzie były korzystniejsze dla konsumentów, w porównaniu z grillowaniem.
Changes in biogenic amine levels in chicken breast and leg muscles
W. Wójcik\textsuperscript{1}, O. Świder\textsuperscript{2}, M. Lukasiewicz-Mierzejewska\textsuperscript{1}, K. Damaziak\textsuperscript{1}, M. Roszko\textsuperscript{2}, J. Riedel\textsuperscript{1}, J. Niemiec\textsuperscript{1}
\textsuperscript{1}Warsaw University of Life Sciences
Department of Animal Breeding
Institute of Animal Sciences, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland
\textsuperscript{2}Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology, Department of Food Analysis
KEY WORDS: biogenic amines, poultry meat, chicken, meat quality
INTRODUCTION
Poultry meat is a popular food product. It is prized for its high content of easily digestible protein and low levels of fat. The high protein and free amino acid content means that poultry meat undergoes rapid proteolysis and spoilage processes. When poultry meat spoils, the content of biogenic amines increases. Biogenic amines are small molecule principles that have many important functions in the body. However, their excessive consumption shows negative properties. The aim of this study was to determine changes in the content of biogenic amines in the breast and leg muscles of chickens stored up to day 10 under cold conditions.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Obtained breast and leg muscles from chickens after slaughtering were homogenized, then divided into 5 samples in ziplock bags and stored under refrigeration before a period of 10 days. On days 1, 3, 5, 7 and 10 of muscle storage, determination of biogenic amines such as putrescine, cadaverine, histamine, tyramine, agmatine, $\beta$-phenylethylamine, spermine and spermidine was performed.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
A linear increase with storage time was shown for biogenic amines such as putrescine, cadaverine, histamine, tyramine, agmatine, $\beta$-phenylethylamine. In the first three days of storage, agmatine and $\beta$-phenylethylamine were not found in the breast muscles, while the leg muscles did not contain these amines in fresh meat. There was an increase in BAI (sum of putrescine, cadaverine, tyramine and histamine) of 22% between days 1 and 3 of storage, 56% between days 3 and 5 of storage, 39% between days 5 and 7 of storage and 39% between days 7 and 10 of storage for breast muscle. A similar increase was found for leg muscles.
CONCLUSIONS
Biogenic amine levels increased during storage in pectoral muscles and leg muscles. On day 10 of storage, the BAI index exceeded 50 mg in the pectoral muscles, and in the leg muscles on day 7 of storage.
Kształtowanie się zmian poziomu amin biogennych w mięśniach piersiowych i nóg kurcząt mięsnych
W. Wójcik¹, O. Świder², M. Łukasiewicz-Mierzejewska¹, K. Damaziak¹, M. Roszko², J. Riedel¹, J. Niemiec¹
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
¹Instytut Nauk o Zwierzętach, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786 Warszawa
²Instytut Biotechnologii Przemysłu Rolno-Spożywczego, Zakład Analizy Żywności
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE: aminy biogenne, mięso drobiowe, kurcząta, jakość mięśni
WSTĘP
Mięso drobiowe jest popularnym produktem spożywczym. Jest cenione ze względu na dużą zawartość łatwostrawnego białka i niski poziom tłuszczu. Duża zawartość białka i wolnych aminokwasów sprawia, że mięso drobiowe ulega szybko proteolizie i procesom psucia się. Podczas psucia się miesza drobiowego wzrasta zawartość amin biogennych. Aminy biogenne to drobnocząsteczkowe zasady, które pełnią wiele ważnych funkcji w organizmie. Jednak ich nadmierne spożycie wykazuje negatywne właściwości. Celem pracy było określenie zmian zawartości amin biogennych w mięśniach piersiowych i nóg kurcząt przechowywanych do 10 dni w warunkach chłodniczych.
MATERIAŁ I METODY
Pozyskane mięśnie piersiowe i nóg od kurcząt po uboju poddano procesowi homogenizacji, a następnie podzielono na 5 prób w woreczkach strunowych i przechowywano w warunkach chłodniczych przed okresem 10 dni. W 1, 3, 5, 7 i 10 dniu przechowywania mięśni wykonywano oznaczenie amin biogennych takich jak Putrescyna, kadaweryna, histamina, tyramina, agmatyna, β-fenyletyloamina, spermina i spermidyna.
WYNIKI I DYSKUSJA
Wykazano liniowy wzrost zawartości wraz z czasem przechowywania amin biogennych takich jak: Putrescyna, kadaweryna, histamina, tyramina, agmatyna, β-fenyletyloamina. W pierwszych trzech dniach przechowywania nie stwierdzono zawartości agmatyny i β-fenyletyloaminy w mięśniach piersiowych, zaś w mięśniach nóg nie stwierdzono zawartości tych amin w świeżym mieście. Wykazano wzrost indeksu BAI (suma putrescyny, kadaweryny, tyraminy i histaminy) o 22% między 1 a 3 dniem przechowywania, o 56% między 3 a 5 dniem przechowywania oraz 39% między 5 a 7 dniem przechowania i 39% między 7 a 10 dniem przechowywania mięśni piersiowych. Podobny wzrost stwierdzono w przypadku mięśni nóg.
WNIOSKI
Poziom amin biogennych wzrastał w czasie przechowania mięśni piersiowych i mięśni nóg. W 10 dniu przechowania index BAI przekroczył 50 mg w mięśniach piersiowych, zaś w mięśniach nóg w 7 dniu przechowywania.
Impact of measures to improve broiler welfare during pre-slaughter period on the quality of the meat obtained
Z. Sokolowiec, A. Augustyńska-Prejsnar
1University of Rzeszów, Department of Animal Production and Poultry Products Evaluation
ul. Zelwerowicza 4, 35-601 Rzeszów
KEY WORDS: broiler chicken welfare, meat quality, microbiological quality
INTRODUCTION
During rearing and pre-slaughter handling, a number of different activities and operations can lead to stress and a reduction in welfare of chickens, with consequent deterioration of physico-chemical properties and microbiological contamination of the meat obtained. Chilled poultry meat is an excellent environment for proliferation of psychrophilic bacteria. By reducing initial bacterial contamination of meat and delaying bacterial growth, the chance of extending meat shelf life is increased. This is particularly important for domestic broiler chicken meat production, almost half of which is exported to distant foreign markets. The aim of this study was to find out whether introducing measures to minimise stress and improve welfare during pre-slaughter is an effective way to improve microbiological quality and physico-chemical properties of broiler chicken meat.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Breast muscle meat from chickens in the control group (C), in which welfare management had been conventional without additional measures to improve chick welfare, and the tested group (E), in which during the pre-slaughter period, measures had been taken to reduce stress and improve chick welfare by: reducing the number of chickens in transport containers, reducing transport time to less than four hours, reducing waiting time for slaughter to less than 15 minutes, shading the unloading shed and reducing temperature at the unloading area, during summer heat to below 27°C and installing a massager on the hanging line of the birds. Physico-chemical traits assessed included: pH, colour on the L*a*b* scale, tenderness measured by cutting force and water capacity. Microbiological quality of the meat was measured by the total number of microorganisms.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The study showed that, 24 hours after slaughter, meat obtained from a group of chickens subject to welfare measures (E), compared to meat from chickens that had been subject to conventional procedures without additional welfare measures during the pre-slaughter period (C), had a lower pH (5.76 ±0.06 and 6.05±.06), lower thermal losses (5.32±2.05 and 12.33±2.9), higher yellow saturation (b*) as well as lower total microbial count. On the first day after slaughter, there were no significant differences between the sensory characteristics of the meat from either group.
CONCLUSIONS
The measures conducted to improve pre-slaughter welfare of the birds have improved both technological characteristics and microbiological quality of the meat obtained, which provides an opportunity to extend its shelf life.
This paper is a result of the research project POIR.01.01.01-00-0018/20. funded by the National Centre for Research and Development.
Wpływ poprawy dobrostanu kurcząt brojlerów w okresie przedubojowym na jakość pozyskiwanego mięsa
Z. Sokołowicz, A. Augustyńska-Prejsnar
1Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Zakład Produkcji Zwierzęcej i Oceny Produktów Drobiarskich
Ul. Zelwerowicza 4, 35-601 Rzeszów
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE: dobrostan kurcząt brojlerów, jakość mięsa
WSTĘP
W czasie odchowu oraz postępowania przedubojowego, szereg różnych działań i manipulacji może prowadzić do stresu i obniżenia poziomu dobrostanu kurcząt, a w konsekwencji do pogorszenia cech fizyko-chemicznych i zanieczyszczenia mikrobiologicznego pozyskiwanego mięsa. Schłodzone mięso drobiowe jest doskonałym środowiskiem dla proliferacji bakterii psychrofilnych. Ograniczając początkowe zanieczyszczenie bakteryjne mięsa i spowalniając wzrost liczby bakterii zwiększa się szansę na wydłużenie czasu przydatności mięsa do spożycia. Ma to szczególne znaczenie w przypadku krajowej produkcji mięsa kurcząt brojlerów, której prawie połowa jest przedmiotem eksportu i jest transportowana na odległe, zagraniczne rynki zbytu. Celem badania było stwierdzenie czy wprowadzenie działań na rzecz minimalizacji stresu i poprawy poziomu dobrostanu w okresie przedubojowym jest skutecznym sposobem na poprawę jakości mikrobiologicznej oraz cech fizykochemicznych mięsa kurcząt brojlerów.
MATERIAŁ I METODY
Ocenie poddano mięso z mięśni piersiowych od kurcząt z grupy kontrolnej (C), przed wprowadzeniem działań na rzecz poprawy poziomu dobrostanu kurcząt oraz badawczej (E), w której w okresie przedubojowym, podjęto działania na rzecz ograniczenia stresu i poprawy dobrostanu kurcząt poprzez: zmniejszenie liczby kurcząt w pojemnikach transportowych, skrócenie czasu transportu poniżej 4 godzin, skrócenie czasu oczekiwania na ubój poniżej 15 minut, zaciśnięcie wiaty rozładunkowej i obniżenie temperatury w miejscu rozładunku, w czasie letnich upałów poniżej 27°C oraz zamontowanie masażera na linii zawieszania ptaków. W ocenie cech fizykochemicznych uwzględniono: pH, barwę w skali L*a*b*, kruchość mierzoną siłą cięcia oraz wodochłonność. Jakość mikrobiologiczną mięsa mierzono ogólną liczbę drobnoustrojów oraz liczbą bakterii Pseudomonas.
WYNIKI I DYSKUSJA
Przeprowadzone badania wykazały, że w 24 godziny po uboju mięso pozyskane z grupy kurcząt poddanych działaniom na rzecz poprawy dobrostanu (E) w porównaniu z mięsem kurcząt, które w okresie przedubojowym zostały poddane tradycyjnym procedurom bez dodatkowych działań na rzecz poprawy dobrostanu ptaków (C) charakteryzowało się niższym pH (odpowiednio: 5,76±0,06 i 6,05±0,06), mniejszymi stratomi termicznymi (5,32±2,05 i 12,33±2,9), większym wysyceniem barwy żółtej (b*) oraz mniejszą ogólną liczbą drobnoustrojów. W pierwszym dniu po uboju nie wykazano różnic między cechami sensorycznymi mięsa z obydwu grup.
WNIOSKI
Przeprowadzone działania na rzecz poprawy poziomu dobrostanu ptaków w okresie przedubojowym poprawiły cechy technologiczne oraz jakość mikrobiologiczna mięsa drobiowego.
Praca powstała w wyniku realizacji projektu badawczego finansowanego ze środków Narodowego Centrum Badań i Rozwoju nr POIR.01.01.01-00-0018/20.
Impact of thermal treatment on physical properties and sensory quality of goose meat
M. Wereńska*, A. Okruszek*, G. Haraf*
*Wrocław University of Economics and Business
*Department of Food Technology and Nutrition
Komandorska Street, 118/120, 53-345, Wrocław, Poland
KEY WORDS: goose meat, heat treatment, physical properties, sensory evaluation
INTRODUCTION
The poultry meat, including waterfowl meat, may concoct in various ways, depending from consumers’ preferences. Consumers most often choose such methods, that allow to obtain product with a preferred texture, color and sensory attributes. Cooking promotes a cascade of adverse changes in meat’s chemical composition and physical properties.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The aim of the present study was to determine the changes of physical properties (cooking loss – CL, color parameters – L*, a*, b*, C, h°), texture profile analysis – TPA, share force – SF and sensory evaluation of breast muscles from White Koluda geese® after different thermal treatment. The 96 breast muscles (16 with skin and subcutaneous fat and 16 without skin for each heat treatment) were tested. In this study the sous-vide, microwave cooking and stewing methods were examined. The significant differences between the mean values of methods treatment were determined by the Duncan multiple range test (Statistica, v. 13.1.).
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
CL from goose meat was significantly affected (P≤0.05) by the cooking method and was in the range of 22-43% (for meat without skin) and 32-52% (for meat with skin). The lowest value of CL was stated for sous-vide samples. All instrumental color parameters were significantly affected by cooking methods. A decrease in redness (a*) (P≤0.05) was noted for all cooked samples compared to the raw sample, but for b* parameter, it was stated higher value (P≤0.05). The kind of goose meat affected descriptors such as flavor and aroma typical for goose meat, tenderness, juiciness, and overall palatability. Both the kinds of goose meat and the cooking method affected SF value. Significant differences (P≤0.05) in TPA parameters such as hardness, gumminess, chewiness, cohesiveness for kinds of meat, and cooking methods were observed.
CONCLUSIONS
The results of present study revealed that the thermal method processing influenced on the physical and sensory properties White Koluda® geese’s breast muscles. Considering the amount of cooking loss, texture, color parameters, and sensory evaluation, the best method of heat treatment of geese’s breast muscles seems to be sous-vide cooking.
Wpływ obróbki termicznej na właściwości fizyczne i ocenę sensoryczną mięsa gęsiego
M. Wereńska*, A. Okruszek*, G. Haraf*
Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny we Wrocławiu, Katedra Technologii Żywności i Żywienia
ul. Komandorska, 118/120, 53-345, Wrocław, Polska
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE: mięso gęsi, obróbka termiczna, właściwości fizyczne, ocena sensoryczna
WSTĘP
Mięso drobiu, w tym mięso drobiu wodnego, można przyrządzić na różne sposoby, w zależności od preferencji konsumentów. Konsumenci najczęściej wybierają takie metody obróbki termicznej, które pozwalają uzyskać produkt o preferowanej teksturze, barwie i cechach sensorycznych. Obróbka termiczna mięsa wpływa na wiele niekorzystnych zmian, w tym jego składu chemicznego oraz właściwości fizycznych.
MATERIAŁ I METODY
Celem badań było określenie zmian właściwości fizycznych (strat masy podczas obróbki termicznej – SM, parametrów barwy – L*, a*, b*, C, h°), analizy profilu tekstury – APT, siły cięcia – SC i oceny sensorycznej mięśni piersiowych gęsi Białej Kołudzkiej® poddanych obróbce termicznej. Zbadano 96 mięśni piersiowych (16 ze skórą i tłuszczem podskórnym (ZS) oraz 16 bez skóry (BS) dla każdej obróbki termicznej). W badaniach zastosowano metodę sous-vide, gotowanie w kuchence mikrofalowej oraz duszenie. Istotne różnice między średnimi wartościami zostały określone za pomocą wielokrotnego testu rozstępu Duncana (Statistica, wersja 13.1.).
WYNIKI I DYSKUSJA
SM mięśni były istotnie (P≤0.05) zależne od zastosowanej obróbki termicznej i wynosiły od 22-43% (BS) do 32-52% (ZS). Najniższe SM stwierdzono dla prób sous-vide. Metody obróbki termicznej miały istotny wpływ na wszystkie instrumentalne parametry oceny barwy. Stwierdzono niższe (P≤0.05) wartości parametru a* oraz wyższe wartości parametru b* (P≤0.05) wszystkich prób poddanych analizowanych obróbką termicznym, w porównaniu z mięśniami surowymi. Rodzaj mięsa wpłynął również istotnie na wyróżniki oceny sensorycznej takie jak: charakterystyczny dla mięsa gęsiego smak i aromat, kruchość, soczystość i ocenę ogólną. Zarówno rodzaj mięsa, jak i obróbka termiczna miały wpływ na wartość siły cięcia. Stwierdzono istotne różnice parametrów profilu tekstyry (twardości, gumowatości, żujności i spoistości) w zależności od rodzaju mięsa oraz stosowanej metody obróbki termicznej.
WNIOSKI
Wyniki przeprowadzonych badań wykazały, że obróbka termiczna wpłynęła na właściwości fizyczne i sensoryczne mięśni piersiowych gęsi Białej Kołudzkiej®. Biorąc pod uwagę wielkość SM, APT, parametry barwy oraz ocenę sensoryczną, najlepszą metodą obróbki termicznej mięśni piersiowych gęsi wydaje się gotowanie metodą sous-vide.
Wykład plenarny/ Plenary lecture
Avian Influenza - old problem and new challenges
Anna Woźniak-Biel
Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences
Department of Epizootiology and Clinic of Birds and Exotic Animals
Pl. Grunwaldzki 45, 50-366 Wrocław, Polska
KEY WORDS: avian influenza, AI, genetic variability, poultry, vaccination
Avian influenza (AI) is a disease caused by type A influenza viruses, which, due to the course of the disease in birds and their potential for mortality in infected poultry, are defined as low pathogenic (LPAI) or highly pathogenic (HPAI). In recent years, these viruses have been a growing threat to both humans and animals. All bird species are considered susceptible to avian influenza, and more than 140 species have been reported to be affected. However, the degree of sensitivity of individual species is very diverse and depends, among others, on virus virulence, bird species, age, immune status, secondary infections, and environmental conditions. Among farm birds, birds of the Galliformes order, mainly chickens and turkeys, are the most susceptible to infection. Infections in these poultry species are also of greatest economic importance, generating serious losses for the poultry industry, international trade, and posing a threat to public health in the form of severe respiratory infections and pneumonia in humans. The main source of infection for humans is direct contact with infected birds or their secretions, such as droppings or saliva.
Avian influenza viruses are characterised by high variability, making them particularly dangerous. In recent years, new subtypes of avian influenza viruses have been discovered with increased pathogenicity that were previously unknown. The wide spectrum of bird species susceptible to infection and being the reservoir of avian influenza, as well as the high genetic variability of the virus, make the disease extremely difficult to eradicate. In the fight against avian influenza, the most important thing is to take coordinated actions to quickly identify the disease, eliminate birds in the focus, and introduce restrictions to limit the spread of infection. Unfortunately, the actions taken are not always sufficient and the economic losses resulting from the eradication of a large poultry population are increasing year by year. In addition, the occurrence of avian influenza in birds changed from seasonal to year-round. Therefore, to better protect poultry flocks and reduce economic losses, France has decided to vaccinate all ducks throughout France in October 2023, making it the first country in the world to launch a nationwide vaccination campaign. This decision was caused by the huge economic losses resulting from the 2021/22 avian flu epidemic in France, during which approximately 22 million birds were mass culled. Other countries testing avian influenza vaccines in flocks of laying hen and turkey flocks are the Netherlands and Italy, respectively. In Poland, consultations are currently being conducted on the introduction of avian influenza vaccination for poultry.
Grypa ptaków – stary problem, nowe wyzwania
Anna Woźniak-Biel
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy we Wrocławiu
Katedra Epizootiologii z Kliniką Ptaków i Zwierząt Egzotycznych
Pl. Grunwaldzki 45, 50-366 Wrocław, Polska
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE: grypa ptaków, AI, zmienność genetyczna, drób, szczepienia
Grypa ptaków (AI – Avian Influenza) jest chorobą wywoływaną przez wirusy grypy typu A, które ze względu na przebieg choroby u ptaków i ich potencjał śmiertelności u zakażonego drobiu określamy jako nisko zjadliwe (LPAI) lub wysoce zjadliwe (HPAI). W ostatnich latach obserwuje się narastające zagrożenie ze strony tych wirusów zarówno dla ludzi, jak i zwierząt. Wszystkie gatunki ptaków są uważane za podatne na ptasią grypę i odnotowano już ponad 140 gatunków. Stopień wrażliwości poszczególnych gatunków jest jednak bardzo zróżnicowany i zależy m.in. od zjadliwości wirusa, gatunku ptaka, jego wieku, statusu immunologicznego, wtórnych zakażeń i warunków środowiskowych. Wśród ptaków gospodarskich najbardziej wrażliwe na zakażenie są ptaki z rzędu Galliformes, głównie kury i indyki. Zakażenia u tych gatunków drobiu mają największe znaczenie gospodarcze generują poważne starty dla przemysłu drobiarskiego, handlu międzynarodowego i stwarzają zagrożenie dla zdrowia publicznego w postaci ciężkich zakażeń dróg oddechowych i zapalenia płuc u ludzi. Głównym źródłem zakażeń ludzi jest bezpośredni kontakt z zakażonymi ptakami lub ich wydzielinami, takimi jak odchody czy śliną.
Wirusy grypy ptaków cechuje wysoka zmienność, co czyni je szczególnie niebezpiecznymi. W ostatnich latach odkryto nowe podtypy wirusów grypy ptaków, o zwiększonej patogenności, które wcześniej nie były znane. Szerokie spektrum gatunków ptaków wrażliwych na zakażenie i dużych rezerwuarach grypy ptaków oraz duża zmienność genetyczna wirusa powodują, że choroba jest niezwykle trudna do eradykacji. W walce z grypą ptaków najważniejsze jest podjęcie skoordynowanych działań mających na celu szybkie rozpoznanie choroby, likwidację ptaków w ognisku oraz wprowadzenie restrykcji mających na celu ograniczenie rozprzestrzeniania się zakażenia. Niestety, podejmowane działania nie zawsze są wystarczające, a straty ekonomiczne wynikające z likwidacji dużej populacji drobiu z roku na rok rosną. Dodatkowo, występowanie grypy u ptaków zmieniło charakter z sezonowego na całoroczny. W związku z powyższym, w celu lepszego zabezpieczenia stad drobiu i ograniczenia strat ekonomicznych, we Francji została podjęta decyzja o wprowadzeniu szczepień wszystkich kaczek w całej Francji w październiku 2023 roku, co czyni ją pierwszym krajem na świecie, który rozpoczął ogólnokrajową kampanię szczepień. Decyzja ta spowodowana była ogromnymi stratami ekonomicznymi wynikającymi z epidemii grypy w sezonie 2021/22 we Francji, podczas której zabito około 22 mln ptaków. Innymi krajami, które testują szczepionki przeciwko ptasiej grypie, w stadach kur niosek i indyków, są odpowiednio Holandia i Włochy, które również odnotowały poważne straty w pogłowiu drobiu. W Polsce aktualnie trwają konsultacje nad wprowadzeniem szczepień przeciwko grypie ptaków dla drobiu.
Sesja Naukowa/ Scientific Session
Profilaktyka w Produkcji Drobiarskiej/
Prevention in Poultry Production
Impact of the vermiculite® addition to feed and litter on the physical characteristics of slaughter turkey bones
J. Batkowska\textsuperscript{1}, M. Kutrzuba\textsuperscript{1}, R. Bagrowski\textsuperscript{2}, A. Ukalska-Jaruga\textsuperscript{3}, A. Adamczuk\textsuperscript{4}, K. Drabik\textsuperscript{1}
\textsuperscript{1}Institute of Biological Basis of Animal Production
\textsuperscript{2}Student Research Group of Poultry Biology, Breeding and Management
University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 13 Akademicka St., 20-950 Lublin, Poland
\textsuperscript{3}Department of Soil Science Erosion and Land Protection, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute, Czartoryskich 8, 24-100 Puławy, Poland
\textsuperscript{4}Department of Soil Science Erosion and Land Protection, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute, Czartoryskich 8, 24-100 Puławy, Poland
KEYWORDS: Aluminosilicates, macronutrients, bone strength
INTRODUCTION
Aluminosilicates, as inorganic minerals of natural origin, are also becoming increasingly popular in poultry production. Materials such as bentonite, sepiolite, kaolinite, zeolite, helloysite and others are most frequently mentioned. They are used as a 'binder' in feed granulation, to control the moisture of manure, in the prevention of mycotoxin poisoning, and in reducing the bioaccumulation of heavy metals. An excellent example of an aluminosilicate that can act as both a feed and litter additive seems to be vermiculite. However, the question arises regarding its ability to absorb water and/or mineral elements. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the vermiculite® addition to feed and bedding on the physical characteristics of turkey bones.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The experimental material consisted of 800 medium-heavy slaughter turkeys divided into 4 groups (4 replications each) maintained in litter boxes. Group 1 was the control one (C) maintained without any nutritional or environmental additives. In the 2nd group (F), vermiculite at 1% was added to the feed. The 3rd group (L) was maintained on bedding containing vermiculite amounting to 1 kg per 1 m2 of box area. In the last group (FL), both methods of mineral additives were used at the same rate as in groups F and L. After 16 weeks, 2 birds from each subgroup were slaughtered and their thigh bones were dissected, measured and their strength, porosity and bone structure assessed. An analysis of the sorption capacity of vermiculite in relation to calcium under conditions imitating the digestive tract of birds was also performed.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
There was an increase in bone weight, especially in the FL group, with a significant decrease in their breaking strength. The bones of the vermiculite-supplemented birds showed a much weaker cross-linking of the tissue structure, which is confirmed by the measurement of porosity, the highest values of which were recorded in the control group; a pore diameter of 2-2.5 μm may have contributed to the improved mechanical strength of the bones in this group. The changes noted may be the result of the observed ability of vermiculite to almost completely sorb calcium ions, which reduced their availability and absorption by the body.
Wpływ dodatku wermikulitu® do paszy i ściółki na cechy fizyczne kości indyczek rzeźnych
J. Batkowska\textsuperscript{1}, M. Kutrzuba\textsuperscript{1}, R. Bagrowski\textsuperscript{2}, A. Ukalska-Jaruga\textsuperscript{3}, A. Adamczuk\textsuperscript{4}, K. Drabik\textsuperscript{1}
\textsuperscript{1}Instytut Biologicznych Podstaw Produkcji Zwierzęcej
\textsuperscript{2}Studenckie Koło Naukowe Biologii, Hodowli i Użytkowania Drobiu
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Lublinie, ul. Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Polska
\textsuperscript{3}Zakład Gleboznawstwa Erozji i Ochrony Gruntów, Instytut Uprawy Nawożenia i Gleboznawstwa PIB, ul. Czartoryskich 8, 24-100 Puławy, Polska
\textsuperscript{4}Zakład Fizykochemii Materialiów Porowatych, Instytut Agrofizyki im. Bohdana Dobrzańskiego Polskiej Akademii Nauk, ul. Doświadczalna 4, 20-290 Lublin, Polska
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE: glinokrzemiany, makroelementy, wytrzymałość kości
WSTĘP
Glinokrzemiany, jako nieorganiczne substancje mineralne pochodzenia naturalnego, stają się coraz bardziej popularne także w produkcji drobiarskiej. Najczęściej wymienia się takie materiały jak bentonit, sepiolit, kaolinit, zeolit, heloizyt i in. Wykorzystywane są jako „spoiwo” przy granulacji pasz, do kontroli wilgotności pomiotu, w zapobieganiu zatruciom mykotoksynami, w ograniczaniu bioakumulacji metali ciężkich. Doskonałym przykładem glinokrzemianu mogącego pełnić funkcję dodatku zarówno paszowego jak i ściółkowego, wydaje się być wermikulit. Powstaje jednak pytanie odnośnie jego zdolności do pochłaniania wody i/lub elementów mineralnych. Celem pracy była ocena wpływu dodatku wermikulitu® do paszy i ściółki na cechy fizyczne kości indyczek.
MATERIAŁ I METODY
Materiał doświadczalny stanowiło 800 średniościężkich indyczek rzeźnych podzielonych na 4 grupy (po 4 replikacje każda) utrzymywanych ściółce. Grupa 1. była grupą kontrolną (C) utrzymywaną bez żadnych dodatków żywieniowych lub środowiskowych. W 2. grupie (F) do paszy dodano wermikulit w ilości 1%. Trzecią grupę (L) utrzymywano na ściółce zawierającej wermikulit w ilości 1 kg na 1 m$^2$ powierzchni boksu. W ostatniej grupie (FL) zastosowano obie metody podawania dodatków mineralnych w ilościach jak w grupach F i L. Po 16 tygodniach 2 ptaki z każdej podgrupy poddano ubojowi, a podczas dysekcji wypreparowano ich kości udowe, które zmierzono, a następnie oceniono ich wytrzymałość, porowatość oraz strukturę tkanki kostnej. Wykonano także analizę zdolności sorpcyjnej wermikulitu w stosunku do wapnia w warunkach imitujących przewód pokarmowy ptaków.
WYNIKI I DYSKUSJA
Odnotowano wzrost masy kości, zwłaszcza w grupie FL, przy jednoczesnym istonym spadku ich wytrzymałości na złamanie. Kości ptaków z grup suplementowanych wermikulitem wykazywały znacznie słabsze usiccieowanie struktury tkanek, co potwierdza pomiar porowatości, której najwyższe wartości odnotowano w grupie kontrolnej, średnica porów 2-2,5 μm mogła przyczynić się do poprawy wytrzymałości mechanicznej kości w tej grupie. Odnotowane zmiany mogą być wynikiem stwierdzonej zdolności wermikulitu do prawie całkowitej sorbcji jonów wapnia, co ograniczyło jego dostępność i wchłanianie przez organizm.
Effect of early administration of antibiotics on immune and redox status in blood of turkeys
E. Cholewińska¹, R. Smagiel¹, A. Stępniaowska¹, M. Krauze¹, Ł. Szymański², K. Ognik¹, D. Mikulski², J. Jankowski²
¹ Department of Biochemistry and Toxicology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
² Department of Poultry Science and Apiculture, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 5, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
KEY WORDS: monensin, enrofloxacin, doxycycline, immune status, redox status
INTRODUCTION
The aim of the experiment was to verify the hypothesis that early administration of an antibiotic, especially when fed a diet containing a coccidiostat, can reduce the rate of yolk sac absorption and lower the level of antibodies, thus impairing the immunity of growing turkeys.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The experiment was carried out on 1152 1-day-old turkeys assigned to 6 experimental groups: CM(-), EM(-), DM(-), CM(+), EM(+) and DM(+). Turkeys from groups M(-) did not receive monensin (MON), while turkeys from groups M(+) received MON in the diet at a dose of 90 mg/kg of feed. Turkeys from group C did not receive antibiotics (control groups), and turkeys from groups E and D received 10 mg/kg b.w. enrofloxacin (ENR) or 50 mg/kg b.w. doxycycline (DOX), respectively. Turkeys were vaccinated against APV and NDV in the 1st day of life and against ORT in 28th day of life. In 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th and 56th day of life blood was collected from 21 birds in each group to assess immune and redox status indices.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
In the serum of 5-day-old turkeys receiving MON, a decrease in the titer of anti-ORT and anti-APV antibodies was found. Immediately after the end of DOX administration (7th day of life), an increase in serum IgM and IgY level was observed, and more distant from the administration of both DOX and ENR (56th day of life) a decrease in IgY level was observed. The use of MON reduced the titre of anti-NDV antibodies in the serum of 56-day-old turkeys. Early administration of DOX adversely increased the amount of protein and lipid oxidation products, which persisted throughout the experiment, and administration of DOX together with MON additionally intensified this effect. Simultaneous administration of ENR and feeding with a diet supplemented with MON increased the level of AOPP and 8-isoprostanes, but only at 56th day of life. Early administration of DOX and ENR decreased TAS and increased CAT activities, and their administration together with MON further enhanced this effect.
CONCLUSIONS
Early administration of antibiotics to turkeys induces oxidative reactions and deteriorates antioxidant defense, and this effect is enhanced by the use of a diet supplemented with MON. Early administration of antibiotics does not affect the rate of yolk sac resorption, but there is a real risk of an immunosuppressive reaction if DOX is administered in the first days of life of turkeys or MON is used for a longer period of their life.
The research was funded by the National Science Center in Poland, Grant No. 2020/39/B/NZ9/00765.
Wpływ wczesnego podawania antybiotyków na status immunologiczny i redoks krwi indyków
E. Cholewińska¹, R. Smagiel¹, A. Stępińska¹, M. Krauze¹, Ł. Szymański², K. Ognik¹, D. Mikulski², J. Jankowski²
¹ Katedra Biochemii i Toksykologii, Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Lublinie, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Polska
² Katedra Drobiarstwa i Pszczelnictwa, Uniwersytet warmińsko Mazurski w Olsztynie, Oczapowskiego 5, 10-719 Olsztyn, Polska
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE: monenzyna, enrofloksacyna, dokscycylkina, status immunologiczny, status redoks
WSTĘP
Celem doświadczenia było zweryfikowanie hipotezy, że wczesne podanie antybiotyku zwłaszcza w przypadku żywienia dietą zawierającą kokcydiostatyk, może zmniejszyć szybkość wchłaniania woreczka żółtkowego i obniżyć poziom przeciwciał upośledzając tym samym odporność rosnących indyków.
MATERIAŁ I METODY
Doświadczenie przeprowadzono na 1152 1-dniowych indykach przydzielonych do 6 grup doświadczalnych: CM(-), EM(-), DM(-), CM(+), EM(+) i DM(+). Indyki z grup M(-) nie otrzymywały monenzyny (MON), zaś z grup M(+) otrzymywały MON w diecie w dawce 90 mg/kg paszy. Indyki z grup C nie otrzymywały antybiotyku (grupy kontrolne), a z grup E i D otrzymywały przez pierwsze 5 dni życia (d.ż.) odpowiednio 10 mg/kg m.c. enrofloksacyny (ENR) lub 50 mg/kg m.c. dokscycylkiny (DOX). Indyki zaszczepiono przeciwko APV i NDV w 1 d.ż. oraz przeciwko ORT w 28 d.ż. W 1, 3, 5, 7 i 56 d.ż. pobrano krew od 21 ptaków z każdej grupy w celu oceny wskaźników immunologicznych oraz statusu redoks.
WYNIKI I DYSKUSJA
W surowicy 5-dniowych indyków otrzymujących MON stwierdzono zmniejszenie miana przeciwciel anty-ORT i anty-APV. Tuż po zakończeniu podawania DOX (7 d.ż.), obserwowano zwiększenie stężenia IgM i IgY w surowicy, zaś w czasie bardziej odległym od podania zarówno DOX, jak i ENR (56 d.ż.) odnotowano obniżenie poziomu IgY. Stosowanie MON obniżyło miano przeciwciel anty-NDV w surowicy 56-dniowych indyków. Wczesne podanie DOX niekorzystnie zwiększyło ilość produktów utleniania białek i lipidów, utrzymującą się przez cały okres doświadczenia, a podawanie DOX łącznie z MON dodatkowo nasiliło ten efekt. Jednoczesne podanie ENR i żywienie dietą z dodatkiem MON zwiększyło poziom AOPP i 8-izoprostanów, jednak dopiero w 56 d.ż. Wczesne podanie DOX i ENR obniżyło TAS i zwiększyło aktywności CAT, a ich podawanie łącznie z MON dodatkowo nasiliło ten efekt.
WNIOSKI
Wczesne podanie antybiotyków indykom indukuje reakcje utleniania i pogarsza obronę antyoksydacyjną, a działanie to nasila stosowanie diety uzupełnionej MON. Wczesne podanie antybiotyków nie wpływa na szybkość resorpcji pęcherzyków żółtkowych, ale istnieje realne ryzyko wywołania reakcji immnosupresyjnej w przypadku podania DOX w pierwszych dniach życia indyków lub zastosowania MON przez dłuższy okres ich życia.
Badania zostały sfinansowane przez Narodowe Centrum Nauki w Polsce, Grant nr 2020/39/B/NZ9/00765.
Marek's disease in the research in 2021 - 2023
W. Kozdruń, A. Stolarek, K. Piekarska, N. Styś – Fijol, J. S. Niczyporuk
National Veterinary Research Institute, Department of Poultry Diseases
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE: poultry, Marek’s disease, clinical symptoms, anatomopathological changes, PCR
INTRODUCTION
One of the most dangerous viral diseases in poultry is Marek’s disease (MD - Marek’s disease). The etiological agent of this disease is a virus belonging to the *Herpesviridae* family. This disease causes significant economic losses in poultry and these are the so-called losses spread over time. The only form of prevention of this disease are prophylactic vaccinations usually performed in 1-day-old chicks.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The research material came from flocks of broiler chickens, commercial laying hens and reproductive laying hens from the years 2021 - 2023 (end of June): 2021 - 18 flocks; 2022 - 43 herds and 2023 - 11 herds. In the examined herds, the treatment applied according to the antibiogram did not bring the expected therapeutic effects. During the anatomopathological examination, the occurrence of anatomopathological changes in the birds was determined and sections of internal organs were taken for molecular testing. Total DNA was then extracted from the samples taken and an amplification reaction (PCR) was used to detect the genetic material of a virulent field strain of MDV.
RESULTS
In the years 2021 - 2023, growth inhibition (45.6%) and symptoms from the nervous system in the form of the so-called twine form (31.9%) were observed in the tested birds.
On the other hand, during the anatomopathological examination, hepatomegaly (73.9%), spleen enlargement (71.6%) and the presence of neoplastic tumors in the spleen (22.3%) and liver (40.7%) were most frequently observed. Changes in the sciatic nerves in the form of thickening and discoloration were observed in 1.9% of the examined birds.
In 2021, in the amplification reaction (PCR), genetic material of the virulent field strain of MDV was found in a total of 10 flocks (55.5%): 7 flocks of Ross 308 and Cobb 500 broiler chickens aged 4-6 weeks and 3 flocks of Ross 308 and HyLine reproductive laying hens aged 26 - 52 weeks.
In 2022, MDV genetic material was confirmed in a total of 9 tested flocks (20.9%): 7 flocks of Ross 308 and Cobb 500 broiler chickens at the age of 6 weeks and in 2 flocks of reproductive laying hens Ross308 at the age of 26 - 35 weeks.
In 2023 (until the end of June), the presence of MDV genetic material was confirmed in 5 examined herds (45.5%); in 4 flocks of Ross 308 broiler chickens aged 3-5 weeks and in 1 flock of HyLine laying hens aged 43 weeks.
In the analyzed period, the presence of MDV genetic material was not detected in flocks of commercial hens.
CONCLUSIONS
The above results indicate the prevalence of Marek's disease virus infections, especially in flocks of broiler chickens and reproductive laying hens.
Występowanie zmian nowotworowych u gęsi
W. Kozdruń, A. Stolarek, K. Piekarska, N. Styś – Fijol, J. S. Niczyporuk
Państwowy Instytut Weterynaryjny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy w Puławach
Zakład Chorób Drobiu
Al. Partyzantów 57, 24 – 100 Puławy
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE: drób wodny, zmiany nowotworowe, ALV, REV, MDV
WSTĘP
W ostatnich latach zaobserwowano nieznaczny wzrost liczby klinicznych przypadków występowania w stadach gęsi w Polsce zmian anatomopatologicznych w postaci obecności w narządach wewnętrznych guzów nowotworowych. Zmiany te zaobserwowano głównie w wątrobie i śledzionie, ale też sporadycznie w innych narządach wewnętrznych. Występowanie takich zmian może sugerować zakażenie wirusami o charakterze onkogennym: wirusem choroby Mareka (MDV), wirusem białaczki ptaków (ALV) oraz wirusem retikuloendoteliozy (REV).
MATERIAŁ I METODY
Materiał do badań pozyskano od 22 gęsi reprodukcyjnych w wieku 1-3 lata oraz 20 gąsiąt przeznaczonych na tucz w wieku 6-7 tygodni. U ptaków tych obserwowano obecność zmian nowotworowych, głównie w wątrobie, śledzionie i jajniku. W trakcie badania anatomopatologicznego pobierano wycinki narządów wewnętrznych do badań molekularnych. Następnie z pobranych wycinków izolowano całkowity DNA i całkowity RNA i zastosowano reakcję amplifikacji (Real – Time PCR) do wykrywania materiału genetycznego terenowych szczepów MDV, ALV oraz REV. Równocześnie wykonywana była standardowa reakcja PCR celem potwierdzenia wyników uzyskanych w Real – Time PCR.
WYNIKI
Obecność materiału genetycznego REV wykryto w 70% badanych próbek. Najczęściej próbki te pochodziły ze stad gęsi reprodukcyjnych w wieku 2 lat (90%). Pozostałe wyniki dodatnie (10%) uzyskano w przypadku próbek pochodzących ze stad gęsi przeznaczonych na tucz.
Obecność materiału genetycznego zjadliwego, terenowego szczepu MDV stwierdzono w 52,3% badanych próbek pochodzących wyłącznie od gęsi stad reprodukcyjnych w wieku 2 – 3 lat.
Obecność materiału genetycznego ALV stwierdzono w 19,3% badanych próbek pochodzących wyłącznie od gęsi ze stad reprodukcyjnych w wieku 2 – 3 lat.
Przeprowadzona równolegle standardowa reakcja PCR wykazała 100% zgodność uzyskanych wyników z wynikami uzyskanymi standardową reakcją PCR.
WNIOSKI
Powyższe wyniki wskazują istniejący problem występowania zakażeń wirusami onkogennymi w Polsce w stadach gęsi reprodukcyjnych i gęsi przeznaczonych na tucz. Uzyskane produkty PCR zostaną poddane sekwencjonowaniu celem przeprowadzenia analizy filogenetycznej.
Interventions to the control of drug-resistant *Escherichia coli* in broiler chicken farms
M. Kuźmińska-Bajor\(^1\), M. Kuczkowski\(^2\), M. Korczyński\(^3\), A. Milcarz\(^1\), P. Śliwka\(^1\)
University/Institute
\(^1\) Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland
\(^2\) Department of Epizootiology and Clinic of Birds and Exotic Animals, Grunwaldzki Sq. 45, 50-366 Wrocław, Poland
\(^3\) Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Management, 38c Chelmolskiego St., 51-630 Wrocław, Poland
KEY WORDS: drug resistance, *Escherichia coli*, antibiotic-free raising, bacteriophages, One Health
INTRODUCTION
Drastically increasing resistance of microorganisms to antibiotics, chemotherapeutics and disinfectants is the most important problem for poultry and egg producers and contribute to the transfer of drug-resistant strains from farms to food and the human environment. In Poland, there is an increase in raising healthy antibiotic-free poultry where chemotherapeutic agents are not used during the production process. The aim of this study was to determine the key factors behind the success of such production. On the other hand, new methods that may contribute to reducing the number of drug-resistant strains in the poultry breeding environment are constantly explored. The possibility of using bacteriophages in poultry production in the context of their direct selective biocidal action is being raised more and more often.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Differences in the number of *Escherichia coli* resistant to cefotaxime, enrofloxacin, gentamicin, tetracycline, colistin and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim were analyzed in fecal samples from conventional and antibiotic-free farms. The UPWr_E bacteriophages were analyzed for their ability to combat drug-resistant *Escherichia coli* strains and to reduce the number of these bacteria in the biofilm structures formed on surfaces such as plastic, lettuce leaves and pieces of poultry meat.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Feces samples from antibiotic-free farms showed no presence of *E. coli* resistant to cefotaxime and a significantly lower number of strains resistant to enrofloxacin, gentamicin and tetracycline. The UPWr_E bacteriophages are effective against drug-resistant *E. coli* strains and are able to eliminate these bacteria from biofilm structures.
CONCLUSIONS
One of the main factors behind the lack of need for antibiotics in broiler production is compliance with biosecurity principles. UPWr_E bacteriophages show high application potential in combating drug-resistant strains of *E. coli*.
Metody ograniczania lekoopornych szczepów Escherichia coli na fermach brojlerów kurzych
M. Kuźmińska-Bajor¹, M. Kuczkowski², M. Korczyński³, A. Milcarz¹, P. Śliwka¹
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy we Wrocławiu
¹ Katedra Biotechnologii i Mikrobiologii Żywności, ul. Chelmońskiego 37, 51-630 Wrocław, Polska
² Katedra Epizootiologii z Kliniką Ptaków i Zwierząt Egzotycznych, pl. Grunwaldzki 45, 50-366 Wrocław, Polska
³ Katedra Żywienia Zwierząt i Paszoznawstwa, ul. Chelmońskiego 38C, 51-630 Wrocław, Polska
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE: lekooporność, Escherichia coli, produkcja bezantybiotykowa, bakteriofagi, One Health
WSTĘP
Współczesne problemy związane z drastycznie narastającą opornością drobnoustrojów na antybiotyki, chemioterapeutyki i środki dezynfekcyjne stanowią problem zarówno dla producentów drobiu i jaj, a także przyczyniają się do transferu lekoopornych szczepów z ferm do żywności oraz środowiska życia człowieka. Na terenie Polski odnotowuje się wzrost udziału ferm kurczat rzeźnych, na których podeczas procesu produkcji nie stosuje się chemioterapeutyków. Określenie kluczowych czynników stojących za sukcesem takiej produkcji było celem niniejszych badań. Z drugiej strony, nieustannie poszukiwane są metody, których stosowanie może przyczynić się do ograniczenia liczby lekoopornych szczepów w środowisku hodowlanym drobiu. Coraz częściej podnoszony jest temat możliwości stosowania bakteriofagów w produkcji drobiarskiej w kontekście ich bezpośredniego wybiórczego biobójczego działania.
MATERIAŁ I METODY
W próbkach kałomoczu pochodzących z ferm konwencjonalnych i niestosujących chemioterapeutyków analizowano różnice w liczbie szczepów Escherichia coli opornych na cefotaksym, erytromycynę, gentamycynę, tetracyklinę, kolistynę i sulfometaksazol /trimetoprim.
Bakteriofagi UPWr_E analizowano pod kątem zdolności do zwalczania lekoopornych szczepów Escherichia coli oraz do redukcji liczby tych pałeczek w strukturach biofilmów bakteryjnych tworzonych na powierzchni plastiku, liściach sałaty oraz kawałkach mięsa drobiowego.
WYNIKI I DYSKUSJA
W próbkach kału pochodzących z ferm, na których nie stosuje się chemioterapeutyków wykazano brak obecności pałeczek E. coli opornych na cefotaksym oraz znacznie niższą liczbę szczepów opornych na enrofloksacynę, gentamycynę i tetracyklinę.
Bakteriofagi UPWr_E charakteryzują się skutecznością w stosunku do lekoopornych szczepów E. coli oraz zdolne są do eliminowania tych bakterii ze struktur biofilmu.
WNIOSKI
Jednym z głównych czynników stojącym za brakiem konieczności stosowania antybiotyków w produkcji brojlerów jest przestrzeganie zasad bioasekuracji. Bakteriofagi UPWr_E wykazują wysoki potencjał aplikacyjny w zwalczaniu lekoopornych szczepów E. coli.
Impact of ActivePure technology on zoohygienic conditions, health and welfare of chickens
A. Rygal-Galewska, K. Zglińska, T. Niemiec
Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Division of Animal Nutrition,
Nowoursynowska 166, 02-787 Warsaw
KEY WORDS: animal welfare, commercial poultry, air purification, zoohygienic conditions
INTRODUCTION
The occurrence of microorganisms and odorous compounds in the air in commercial poultry houses affects both bird health and welfare. An experiment using the ActivePure (AP) - radial catalytic ionisation technology, which produces ultra-low levels of hydrogen peroxide gas and superoxides, was designed to determine the impact of this technology on the zoohygienic conditions in the poultry house and indicators of bird welfare and health.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The experiment was conducted at the Wilanów-Obory RZD of the Warsaw University of Life Sciences. Two halls with a volume of 720 m$^3$ were equipped with a gravitational-mechanical ventilation system. In the experimental group (D), it was equipped with two "Induct 10000" AP units. 1000 chicks were inserted in each hall, and the stocking density was set at 33 kg/m$^2$ for the 42nd rearing day. The animals were maintained under standard conditions. On the first day of the experiment (before the system was switched on), on day 21 and day 42, air and litter samples were collected for microbiological analyses. On day 35 of rearing, a welfare check of the chickens was carried out, while at the end of the study (day 42), blood samples were taken for morphological and biochemical analyses.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The welfare check showed the following significant differences between group K and group D: for gait score - "0" 52.24% and 100% respectively and "1" - 37.48% vs 0% (p<0.01). The "0" score for foot pad dermatitis was 62.89% and 98.63% between the groups and 32.27% vs 1.37% for the "1" score, respectively. In the control of hock burns, the '0' rating was 66.15% for group K and 99.62% for group D. For grade '1', 31.33% vs 0.38%, respectively (p<0.05). For groups K and D, plumage cleanliness was rated '0' at 46.39% and 80.13%, respectively, for '1' at 51.83% vs 19.60% of birds and for '2' at 1.71% and 0.27% (p<0.05). Day 21 samples showed differences in bacterial counts in the litter (120000000 CFU/g - K vs 91200000 CFU/g - D; p<0.01) and in the air (57500 CFU/m3 - K vs 29100 CFU/m3 - D; p<0.05). Morphological and biochemical analysis of avian blood showed no differences (p>0.05) between groups.
CONCLUSIONS
Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the use of ActivePure technology has a beneficial effect on the zoohygienic conditions in the poultry house and the welfare of poultry under commodity conditions without affecting the health indicators of the chickens. The experiment was carried out as part of the project funded by POIR.01.01.01-00-0897/21-02.
Wpływ technologii ActivePure na warunki zoohigieniczne, stan zdrowia i dobrostan kurcząt
A. Rygal-Galewska, K. Zglińska, T. Niemiec
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie, Samodzielna Pracownia Żywienia Zwierząt
Nowoursynowska 166, 02-787 Warszawa
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE: dobrostan zwierząt, drób towarowy, oczyszczanie powietrza, warunki zoohigieniczne
WSTĘP
Występowanie drobnoustrojów i związków odorowych w powietrzu w kurnikach towarowych ma wpływ zarówno na stan zdrowia ptaków, jak i ich dobrostan. Eksperyment z zastosowaniem nowoczesnej technologii promieniowej jonizacji katalitycznej ActivePure (AP), wykorzystującej wytwarzanie jonów ponadtlenkowych oraz nadtlenku wodoru w bardzo niskim stężeniu, miał na celu ustalenie wpływu tej technologii na warunki zoohigieniczne w kurniku oraz wskaźniki dobrostanu i zdrowia ptaków.
MATERIAL I METODY
Doświadczenie przeprowadzono w RZD Wilanów-Obory SGGW. W eksperymencie wykorzystano dwie hale o kubaturze 720 m$^3$ i systemie wentylacji grawitacyjno-mechanicznej. W grupie doświadczalnej (D) został on wyposażony w dwie jednostki AP „Induct 10000”. W każdej hali wstawiono po 1000 piskląt, a zagęszczenie stada ustalono na 33 kg/m$^2$ na 42 dzień odchowu. Zwierzęta były utrzymywane w warunkach standardowych. Pierwszego dnia doświadczenia (przed włączeniem systemu), 21 i 42 dnia pobrano próby powietrza i ściółki do analiz mikrobiologicznych. W 35 dniu odchowu przeprowadzono kontrolę dobrostanu kurcząt, zaś w dniu zakończenia badania (42) pobrano próbki krwi do analiz morfologicznych oraz biochemicznych. WYNIKI I DYSKUSJA
Kontrola dobrostanu wykazała następujące istotne różnice pomiędzy grupą K a grupą D: w ocenie chodu - ”0” odpowiednio 52,24% i 100% oraz ”1” 37,48% vs 0% (p<0,01). Dla zapalenia podeszwy stopy ocena ”0” wyniosła odpowiednio między grupami – 62,89% i 98,63% oraz 32,27% vs 1,37% dla oceny ”1”. W kontroli odparzeń stawu skokowego ocena ”0” wyniosła 66,15% dla grupy K i 99,62% dla grupy D. Dla oceny ”1” odpowiednio 31,33% vs 0,38% (p<0,05). W grupie K i D stan piór oceniono na ”0” odpowiednio na poziomie 46,39% i 80,13%, na ”1” oceniono 51,83% vs 19,60% ptaków oraz na ”2” oceniono 1,71% i 0,27% (p<0,05). W próbach z 21 dnia wykazano różnice w liczebności bakterii w ścieżce (120000000 jtk/g – K vs 912000000 jtk/g – D; p<0,01) oraz w powietrzu (57500 jtk/m$^3$ – K vs 29100 jtk/m$^3$ – D; p<0,05). Analiza morfologiczna i biochemiczna krwi ptaków nie wykazała różnic (p>0,05) pomiędzy grupami.
WNIOSKI
Na podstawie otrzymanych wyników można wnioskować, że zastosowanie technologii ActivePure korzystnie wpływa na warunki zoohigieniczne w kurniku i dobrostan drobiu w warunkach towarowych, bez wpływu na wskaźniki zdrowia kurcząt. Doświadczenie zostało zrealizowane w ramach projektu finansowanego ze środków POIR.01.01.01-00-0897/21-02.
Effect of feeding turkeys in the first days after hatching with a diet containing coccidiostat and antibiotics on antibiotics level in the liver
K. Tutaj\textsuperscript{1}, R. Smagiel\textsuperscript{1}, P. Osowska\textsuperscript{1}, K. Nadolna\textsuperscript{2}, D. Mikulski\textsuperscript{2}, K. Ognik\textsuperscript{1}, J. Jankowski\textsuperscript{2}
\textsuperscript{1}University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Department of Biochemistry and Toxicology, Lublin, Poland
\textsuperscript{2}University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Department of Poultry Science and Apiculture, Olsztyn, Poland
INTRODUCTION
The aim of the study was to determine whether antibiotics administered during the early rearing period of turkeys undergo biotransformation, as a result of which their level will be undetectable at 8 weeks of age.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The experiment 1 was conducted on 1152 one-day-old turkeys divided into 6 treatments: CM(-), EM(-), DM(-), CM(+), EM(+), DM(+). Turkeys in the M(-) groups did not receive monensin in the diet, while those in the M(+) groups received monensin at a dose of 90 mg/kg of feed. Turkeys in groups C, received no antibiotic supplement (control groups), while those in groups E received enrofloxacin at a dose of 10 mg/kg BW for the first 5 days of life, and those in groups D received doxycycline at a dose of 50 mg/kg BW for the first 5 days of life. On days 1, 3, 5, 7 and 56, liver was collected from 8 birds in the group to evaluate monensin, enrofloxacin, and doxycycline levels. Whereas within the experiment 2 the levels of antibiotics in the livers of 7-, 21- and 56-day-old turkeys were evaluated. Analyzes were performed using UPLC/QQQ-IMS-IT in triplicate.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
In experiment 1 monensin levels increased in subsequent days of life. For the groups that received doxycycline or enrofloxacin the level of this antibiotics increased in the first five days from day 1 to day 5, after which the level of this antibiotics on day 56 was 3.92 µg/kg and 2.86 µg/kg, respectively. In the liver samples of turkeys from Experiment 2, the level of monensin on subsequent days of life remained similar. For the groups that received doxycycline, the level of this antibiotic in the livers of 7-day-old turkeys was 12.3 mg/kg after which it decreased to 0.47 µg/g at 56 days of age. In contrast, for enrofloxacin, its level in the livers of 56-day-old turkeys this antibiotic was no longer present.
CONCLUSIONS
It has been established that feeding turkeys a diet containing monensin results in the presence of this coccidiostat in the livers of 8-week-old turkeys. In the livers of 56-day-old turkeys that received the antibiotic enfofloxacin or doxycycline in the early rearing period, little or even no residues of these antibiotics are already found. Longer rearing of turkeys, i.e. 105-112 days, will increase the chances of their complete biotransformation.
This work was supported by the National Science Centre in Poland, Grant No. 2020/39/B/NZ9/00765. Investments in Scientific Activity were co-financed from the State Budget. Ion Mobility Spectrometer with High Pressure Liquid Chromatograph (UPLC/QQQ-IMS-IT).
Wpływ żywienia indyków w pierwszych dniach po wykluciu dietą zawierającą kokcydiostatyk i antybiotyki na poziom antybiotyków w wątrobie
K. Tutaj¹, R. Smagiel¹, P. Osowska¹, K. Nadolna², D. Mikulski², K. Ognik¹, J. Jankowski²
¹Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Lublinie, Katedra Biochemii i Toksykologii, Lublin, Polska
²Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie, Katedra Drobiarstwa i Pszczelnictwa, Olsztyn, Polska
WSTĘP
Celem pracy było ustalenie, czy antybiotyki podawane we wczesnym okresie odchowu indyków ulegają biotransformacji, a ich poziom będzie niewykrywalny w wieku 8 tygodni.
MATERIAŁ I METODY
Doświadczenie 1 przeprowadzono na 1152 jednodniowych indykach podzielonych na 6 grup badawczych: CM(-), EM(-), DM(-), CM(+), EM(+), DM(+). Indyki w grupach M(-) nie otrzymywały monenzyny w diecie, podczas gdy te w grupach M(+) otrzymywały monenzynę w dawce 90 mg/kg paszy. Indyki w grupach kontrolnych C nie otrzymywały suplementu antybiotykoowego, podczas gdy indyki w grupach E otrzymywały przez pierwsze 5 dni życia enrofloksacyjnę w dawce 10 mg/kg masy ciała, a indyki w grupach D otrzymywały przez pierwsze 5 dni życia dokszycyklinę w dawce 50 mg/kg masy ciała. W dniach 1, 3, 5, 7 i 56 pobrano wątrobę od 8 ptaków w grupie w celu oceny poziomów monenzyny, enrofloksacyjny i dokszycykliny. W doświadczeniu 2 analogicznie oceniono poziom monenzyny, doxycykliny i enrofloksacyjny w wątrobach 7, 21 i 56 dniowych indyków. Analizy stężenia leków przeprowadzono przy użyciu UPLC/QQQ-IMS-IT w trzech powtórzeniach.
WYNIKI I DISKUSJA
W pobranych próbkach wątroby indyków w doświadczeniu 1 poziom monenzyny zwiększał się w kolejnych dniach życia. W przypadku grup, które otrzymywały doxycyklinę lub enofloksacyjnę poziom tych antybiotyków w wątrobach indyków zwiększał się w pierwszych pięciu dniach, po czym już w 56 dniu życia ich poziom wynosił odpowiednio 3.92 μg/kg i 2.86 μg/kg. W doświadczeniu 2 poziom monenzyny pozostawał na podobnym poziomie. W przypadku grup, które otrzymywały doxycyklinę poziom tego antybiotyku w wątrobach 7 dniowych indyków wynosił 12.3 mg/kg po czym w 56 dniu życia zmniejszył się do 0.47 μg/g. Z kolei w przypadku enrofloksacyny nie była ona wykrywana po 56 dniach.
WNIOSKI
Ustalono, że żywienie indyków dietą zawierającą monenzynę skutkuje obecnością tego kokcydiostatyku w wątrobach 8 tygodniowych indyków. W wątrobach 56 dniowych indyków, które we wczesnym okresie odchowu otrzymywały antybiotyk enofloksacyjną lub dokszycyklinę stwierdza się już niewielkie pozostałości tych antybiotyków lub nawet ich brak. Dłuższy odchów indyków tj. 105-112 dni zwiększy szanse na całkowitą ich biotransformację.
Praca powstała w wyniku realizacji projektu badawczego o nr 2020/39/B/NZ9/00765 finansowanego ze środków Narodowego Centrum Nauki. Zakup spektrometru ruchliwości jonów z wysokociśnieniowym chromatografem cieczowym (UPLC/QQQ-IMS-IT) dofinansowano ze środków budżetu państwa.
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Profesjonalne laboratorium genetyczne zwierząt
Oferujemy dostęp do najnowocześniejszych metod laboratoryjnych z zakresu genetyki zwierzęcej. Wykonujemy badania genetyczne oraz usługi diagnostyczne.
Wyspecjalizowana kadra naukowców
Współpracujemy ze światowej klasy specjalistami, którzy skutecznie rozwiązują problemy badawcze, czego wynikiem jest wdrażanie przełomowych produktów.
Innowacyjne rozwiązania w ochronie zwierząt
Umożliwiamy wdrażanie nowoczesnej diagnostyki oraz badań mających na celu podniesienie bezpieczeństwa, jakości hodowli zwierząt i roślin.
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Zapraszamy do kontaktu i współpracy
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GDZIEKOLWIEK JESTEŚ, TANKUJESZ U SIEBIE
JESTEŚMY OBECNI W 5 KRAJACH:
Czechy Litwa Niemcy Słowacja Węgry
ORLEN nie jest dostawcą paliwa i środków smarowych dla Scuderia AlphaTauri
ORLEN
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Realizujemy Cele Zrównoważonego Rozwoju
2 Zero Głodu
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4 Dobra Jakość Edukacji
6 Czysta Woda i Warunki Sanitarne
7 Czysta i Dostępna Energia
8 Wzrost Gospodarczy i Godna Praca
12 Odpowiedzialna Konsumentka i Produkcja
13 Działania w Dziedzinie Klimatu
15 Życie na Łądzie
16 Pokój, Sprawiedliwość i Silne Instytucje
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Case 2:16-cv-02279-ODW-KS Document 1 Filed 04/04/16 Page 1 of 10 Page ID #:1
Amy L. B. Ginsburg (275805)
PLAINTIFF'S COMPLAINT
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Kimmel & Silverman, P.C.
30 East Butler Pike
Telephone: 215-540-8888
Facsimile: 215-540-8817
Attorney for Plaintiff
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA
KIM BAILEY,
Plaintiff,
v.
PROGRESSIVE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS,
Defendant.
) Case No.:
)
) COMPLAINT FOR DAMAGES
) 1. VIOLATION OF THE FAIR
) DEBT COLLECTION PRACTICES
) ACT, 15 U.S.C. §1692 ET. SEQ.;
) 2. VIOLATION OF THE
) TELEPHONE CONSUMER
) PROTECTION ACT, 47 U.S.C.
) §227 ET. SEQ.
) 3. VIOLATION OF THE
) ROSENTHAL FAIR DEBT
) COLLECTION PRACTICES ACT,
) CAL. CIV. CODE §1788 ET. SEQ.
)
) JURY TRIAL DEMANDED
COMPLAINT
KIM BAILEY ("Plaintiff"), by her attorneys, KIMMEL & SILVERMAN, P.C., alleges the following against PROGRESSIVE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS ("Defendant"):
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INTRODUCTION
1. Plaintiff's Complaint is based on the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act, 15 U.S.C. §1692 et seq. ("FDCPA"), the Telephone Consumer Protection Act, 47 U.S.C. §227 et seq. ("TCPA,") and the Rosenthal Fair Debt Collection Practices Act, cal. Civ. Code §1788, et. seq. ("RFDCPA") which prohibits debt collectors from engaging in abusive, deceptive, and unfair practices.
JURISDICTION AND VENUE
2. Jurisdiction of this court arises pursuant to 15 U.S.C. § 1692k(d), which states that such actions may be brought and heard before "any appropriate United States district court without regard to the amount in controversy," and 28 U.S.C. § 1331 grants this court original jurisdiction of all civil actions arising under the laws of the United States.
3. Defendant conducts business in the State of California and therefore, personal jurisdiction is established.
4. Venue is proper pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1391 (b)(1) and (b)(2).
PARTIES
5. Plaintiff is a natural person residing in Lancaster, California.
6. Plaintiff is a "consumer" as that term is defined by 15 U.S.C.
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§1692a(3) and is a "debtor" as defined by Cal. Civ. Code §1788.2(h).
7. Plaintiff is a "person" as that term is defined by 47 U.S.C. § 153(39).
8. Defendant is a corporation specializing in debt collection with its principal place of business located at 1521 West Cameron Avenue, Suite 100, West Covina, California, 91790.
9. Defendant is a "debt collector" as that term is defined by 15 U.S.C. §1692a(6), and RFDCPA, Cal. Civ. Code §1788.2(c).
10. Defendant is a "person" as that term is defined by 47 U.S.C. § 153(39).
11. Defendant acted through its agents, employees, officers, members, directors, heirs, successors, assigns, principals, trustees, sureties, subrogees, representatives, and insurers.
FACTUAL ALLEGATIONS
12. Defendant was attempting to collect an alleged consumer debt from Plaintiff as the term is defined by the FDCPA at 15 U.S.C. § 1692a(5) and the RFDCPA at Cal. Civ. Code §1788.2(f).
13. Beginning in February 2015 and continuing through January 2016, Defendant's representatives placed repeated harassing debt collection calls to Plaintiff's cellular telephone for a personal debt.
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14. Defendant has also placed calls to Plaintiff at times for a third party named Jennifer.
15. Defendant's harassing debt collection calls derived from number 866767-9317. The undersigned has confirmed that this number belong to Defendant.
16. Defendant's calls each began with a pre-recorded message.
17. When the calls first began in February 2015, Plaintiff told Defendant to stop calling.
18. However, Defendant ignored Plaintiff's request and continued to call her through January 2016.
19. Once Defendant was aware that its calls were unwanted any further calls could only have been for the purpose of harassment.
20. Upon information and belief, many calls were placed to Plaintiff's cellular phone by a computer autodialer, and the use of a pre-recorded or artificial voice was often employed.
21. Defendant's telephone calls were not for "emergency purposes," as that terms is referenced in 47 U.S.C. §227(b)(1)(A).
22. Plaintiff ultimately had to download an app to her telephone to block Defendant's calls.
23. Finally, Defendant never sent anything in writing to Plaintiff setting forth her rights pursuant to the FDCPA.
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24. Defendant's actions as described herein were made with the intent to harass, deceive and coerce payment from Plaintiff.
COUNT I DEFENDANT VIOLATED § 1692d OF THE FAIR DEBT COLLECTION PRACTICES ACT
25. Section 1692d of the FDCPA prohibits debt collectors from engaging in any conduct the natural consequence of which is to harass, oppress or abuse any person, in connection with the collection of a debt.
26. Defendant violated § 1692d of the FDCPA when it called Plaintiff repeatedly and continuously, when it continued to call Plaintiff even after she informed Defendant that she wanted the calls to stop.
COUNT II DEFENDANT VIOLATED § 1692d(5) OF THE FAIR DEBT COLLECTION PRACTICES ACT
27. Section 1692d(5) of the FDCPA prohibits debt collectors from causing a telephone to ring or engaging any person in telephone conversation repeatedly or continuously with intent to annoy, abuse, or harass any person at the called number..
28. Defendant violated § 1692d(5) of the FDCPA when it caused Plaintiff's telephone to ring repeatedly and continuously with the intent to harass
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or annoy Plaintiff.
COUNT III
DEFENDANT VIOLATED § 1692f OF THE FAIR DEBT COLLECTION PRACTICES ACT
29. Section 1692f of the FDCPA prohibits debt collectors from using unfair or unconscionable means to collect a debt.
30. Defendant violated § 1692f of the FDCPA when it called Plaintiff repeatedly and continuously, when it continued to call Plaintiff even after she informed Defendant that she wanted the calls to stop.
COUNT IV DEFENDANT VIOLATED § 1692g(a) OF THE FAIR DEBT COLLECTION PRACTICES ACT
31. A debt collector violates § 1692g(a) if within five days after the initial communication with a consumer, the debt collector fails to send the consumer a written notice containing (1) the amount of the debt; (2) the name of the creditor to whom the debt is owed; (3) a statement that unless the consumer, within thirty days after receipt of the notice, disputes the validity of the debt, or any portion thereof, the debt will be assumed to be valid by the debt collector; (4) a statement that if the consumer notifies the debt collector in writing within the thirty-day period that the debt, or any portion thereof, is disputed, the debt collector will obtain verification
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Case 2:16-cv-02279-ODW-KS Document 1 Filed 04/04/16 Page 7 of 10 Page ID #:7
of the debt or a copy of a judgment against the consumer and a copy of such verification or judgment will be mailed to the consumer by the debt collector; and (5) a statement that, upon the consumer's written request within the thirty-day period, the debt collector will provide the consumer with the name and address of the original creditor, if different from the current creditor.
32. Defendant violated section 1692g(a) of the FDCPA when it failed to send written notification, within five (5) days after its initial communication with Plaintiff, advising her of her rights to dispute the debt or request verification of the debt, as well as the name of the original creditor and the amount of the debt.
COUNT V DEFENDANT VIOLATED THE TELEPHONE CONSUMER PROTECTION ACT
33. Section 227(b)(3)(A) of the TCPA authorizes a private cause of action for a person or entity to bring in an appropriate court of that state "an action based on a violation of this subsection or the regulations prescribed under this subsection to enjoin such violation."
34. Section 227(b)(3)(B), of the Act authorizes a private cause of action for a person or entity to bring in an appropriate court of that state "an action to recover for actual monetary loss from such a violation, or to receive $500 in damages for each such violation, whichever is greater."
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Case 2:16-cv-02279-ODW-KS Document 1 Filed 04/04/16 Page 8 of 10 Page ID #:8
35. Defendant repeatedly placed non-emergency calls to Plaintiff without Plaintiff's consent.
36. The Act also authorizes the Court, in its discretion, to award up to three (3) times the actual damages sustained for violations.
37. Here, Defendant repeatedly and regularly placed non-emergency, automated calls to Plaintiff using a pre-recorded or artificial voice.
38. Defendant did not have Plaintiff's express consent prior to contacting her using an automatic telephone dialing system or pre-recorded or artificial voice.
39. Defendant's conduct violated §227(b)(1)(A)(iii) of the TCPA by making any call using any automatic telephone dialing system or an artificial prerecorded voice to a telephone number assigned to a cellular telephone service.
COUNT VI DEFENDANT VIOLATED THE
ROSENTHAL FAIR DEBT COLLECTION PRACTICES ACT
40. Section 1788.17 of the California Civil Code mandates that every debt collector attempting to collect a consumer debt shall comply with § 1692b through § 1692j of the FDCPA.
41. Defendant violated Cal. Civ. Code § 1788.17, when it violated the FDCPA for the reasons set forth in this Complaint.
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WHEREFORE, Plaintiff, KIM BAILEY, respectfully prays for a judgment as follows:
a. All actual damages suffered pursuant to 15 U.S.C. § 1692k(a)(1);
b. Statutory damages of $1,000.00 for the violation of the FDCPA pursuant to 15 U.S.C. § 1692k(a)(2)(A);
c. All reasonable attorneys' fees, witness fees, court costs and other litigation costs incurred by Plaintiff pursuant to 15 U.S.C. § 1693k(a)(3);
d. All actual damages, statutory damages, reasonable attorney's fees and costs, and any other litigation costs incurred by Plaintiff pursuant to the RFDCPA at Cal. Civ. Code § 1788.17;
e. Statutory damages of $500.00 per telephone call in violation of the TCPA pursuant to 47 U.S.C. § 227(b)(3)(B);
f. Statutory damages of up to $1,500 for each call in violation of the TCPA, pursuant to 47 U.S.C. §§ 227(c)(5)(B) and 227(c)(5)(C), which permits the Court in its discretion to award such damages if it finds that Defendant willfully or knowingly violated the TCPA; and
g. Any other relief deemed appropriate by this Honorable Court.
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DEMAND FOR JURY TRIAL
2
PLEASE TAKE NOTICE that Plaintiff, KIM BAILEY, demands a jury trial in this case.
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Resolution 2022-225
RESOLUTION APPROVING AN AGREEMENT WITH GREEN MINNEAPOLIS TO COLLABORATE ON TREE PLANTING PROJECT, THE MINNEAPOLIS PARK & RECREATION BOARD PLANTING PROJECT 2021
Whereas, The Minneapolis Park & Recreation Board (MPRB) is the steward of Minneapolis park system;
Whereas, The MPRB is the steward of the public urban forest in Minneapolis;
Whereas, The City of Minneapolis has been designated one of the 10 best cities for urban forests by American Forests, a national conservation organization;
Whereas, Conditions of the urban forest in Minneapolis indicate a compelling need for expansion of the public tree canopy;
Whereas, Green Minneapolis is a not-for-profit 501(c)3 conservancy with the mission to advance the vibrancy of Minneapolis through parks and greening;
Whereas, The MPRB approved a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with Green Minneapolis to collaborate on the establishment of a carbon offset program and its initial funding as a means of expanding and perpetuating Minneapolis' urban forest and public tree canopy;
Whereas, Green Minneapolis has proposed the establishment of the Minneapolis Park & Recreation Board Planting Project 2021 as a program involving carbon offsets as means of funding continued tree planting and ongoing care of trees by the Forestry Department;
Whereas, The MPRB and Green Minneapolis seek to enter into a Project Implementation Agreement simultaneously to the Agreement to Collaborate on Tree Planting Project - Minneapolis Park & Recreation Board Planting Project 2021;
Whereas, The MPRB is the Tree Owner and Green Minneapolis is the Project Operator in the Agreement to Collaborate on Tree Planting Project - Minneapolis Park & Recreation Board Planting Project 2021;
Whereas, On behalf of the Tree Owner (MPRB), the Project Operator (Green Minneapolis) is collaborating with the Urban Forest Carbon Registry, doing business as City Forest Credits, a Washington non-profit corporation (the "Registry") in furtherance of the development of the Minneapolis Park & Recreation Board Planting Project 2021 (Registry project number "021") carbon reduction project (the "Project");
Whereas, Green Minneapolis is the Project Operator providing project monitoring and reporting as required by the carbon registry protocol, including the process for issuing, pricing, and selling carbon credits;
Whereas, The MPRB is the owner of the trees and the entity responsible and liable for the Project's funding required to purchase, plant and maintain the trees, the tree planting and ongoing maintenance of the trees and associated Carbon Stock, including, without limitation, the establishment, growth, protection, replacement, and maintenance of such Carbon Stock;
Whereas, The Tree Owner desires Project Operator to help fund this Tree Project and future projects by allowing Project Operator to develop potential carbon and environmental credits that it can attempt to sell to defray project costs and to plant and maintain additional trees;
Whereas, The Project consists of thousands of trees planted within the boundary of Minneapolis, MN planted in parks and along boulevards in 2019 to 2021;
Whereas, MPRB legal counsel has reviewed the Agreement to Collaborate on Tree Planting Project as to form and legality; and
Whereas, This resolution is supported in Parks for All, the MPRB Comprehensive Plan 2021-2036, which sets the goal(s) "Goal 3. Provide core services with care" and "Goal 4. Work from our strengths and determine our role in partnerships;"
RESOLVED, That the Board of Commissioners approves an agreement with Green Minneapolis to collaborate on Tree Planting Project, the Minneapolis Park & Recreation Board Planting Project 2021; and
RESOLVED, That the President of the Board and Secretary to the Board are authorized to take all necessary administrative actions to implement this resolution.
TO:
Admin and Finance Committee
FROM: Jeremy Barrick, Assistant Superintendent, Environmental Stewardship
DATE:
June 15, 2022
SUBJECT:
RESOLUTION APPROVING AN AGREEMENT WITH GREEN MINNEAPOLIS TO COLLABORATE ON TREE PLANTING PROJECT, THE MINNEAPOLIS PARK & RECREATION BOARD PLANTING PROJECT 2021
BACKGROUND
This resolution approves an agreement to collaborate on tree planting project, Minneapolis Park & Recreation Board Planting Project 2021, as a means of expanding and perpetuating Minneapolis' urban forest and public tree canopy (Attachment A).
A key strategy for mitigating the effects of climate change is to expand tree canopy coverage. Trees sequester carbon, capture stormwater, filter air pollutants, cool streets and buildings and provide wildlife habitat.
On June 16, 2021, Green Minneapolis and the Minneapolis Park and Recreation Board formed a public/private partnership to explore and employ alternative funding sources for tree planting and maintenance through a MOU to collaborate on the establishment of a carbon offset program. The initial focus of this partnership is a pilot Urban Tree Carbon Offset Program with the intent of planting new trees across the City of Minneapolis on the boulevards and in parks and selling carbon offset credits with proceeds being invested back into urban tree planting and care.
Green Minneapolis, working as the Project Operator, has worked with City Forest Credits as the carbon registry and certification organization for this program. As the Project Operator, Green Minneapolis will be providing project monitoring and reporting as required by the carbon registry protocol, including the process for issuing, pricing, and selling carbon credits
The MPRB owns the trees and has a long history of planting and maintaining trees along boulevards and in parks. With this expertise, the MPRB will execute the planting and maintenance of trees funded by the Carbon Offset Program, including determining the budget and approach for increasing MPRB's tree planting and maintenance capacity to support this program.
The Agreement to Collaborate on Tree Planting Project – Minneapolis Park & Recreation Board Planting Project 2021 is a twenty-five-year two-party agreement that sets forth certain rights, obligations, and restrictions relating to the Project with MPRB as Tree Owner and Green Minneapolis as Project Operator to ensure that Project Operator and Tree Owner remain in compliance with the Registry's Tree Planting Protocol for the Project Duration and any extensions thereof. Specifying that the MPBR is financially responsible for avoidable tree losses and grants ownership of the carbon credits generated by this
project to Green Minneapolis so Green Minneapolis can sell the carbon credits. Requires Green Minneapolis to pay City Forest Credits Registry Fees and Green Minneapolis Administration fees from proceeds of carbon credit sales and the requires remaining proceeds from carbon credits sales (~80% of gross proceeds) be paid to the MPRB. Requires all proceeds the MPRB receives from carbon credit sales to be used exclusively for purchasing, planting, and maintaining new trees and caps Green Minneapolis total aggregate liability to fees paid to Green Minneapolis for administering the project.
MPRB legal counsel has reviewed the Fundraising Agreement as to form and legality.
PREVIOUS BOARD ACTIONS
RECOMMENDATION
Staff recommends that the Board of Commissioners approve the agreement with Green Minneapolis to collaborate on tree planting project, the Minneapolis Park & Recreation Board Planting Project 2021.
This action is supported by the following goals and strategies in Parks for All, the MPRB Comprehensive Plan 2021-2036.
Attachments:
Attachment A: Agreement to Collaborate on Tree Planting Project with Green Minneapolis
Jbr 6.15.22.
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Fahr mit um die Welt – Ein Spiel (1.11.6)
Das vorliegende Spiel “Fahr mit um die Welt” bietet die Möglichkeit im Rahmen des Erdkundeunterrichts und darüber hinaus in der Freiarbeit, in Arbeitsgemeinschaften oder im betreuten Ganztag, spielerisch vielfältige Informationen über die Erde zu erlernen und eigenes Wissen einzubringen.
Durchzug eines Tiefdruckgebietes (5.1.2)
Bei vielen Wettererscheinungen lassen sich die Abläufe gut beobachten. Dazu gehört auch die Wetterverschlechterung beim Durchzug eines Tiefdruckgebietes. Das Erfassen der einzelnen Phasen verdeutlicht die Zusammenhänge.
USA: Der historische Raum 1 (10.2.3)
Ein Blick in die Vergangenheit eines Landes ermöglicht oft erst das Verständnis für Ereignisse und Situationen in der Gegenwart. Dieser erste Teil befasst sich mit der Besiedlung des nordamerikanischen Kontinents.
USA: Der historische Raum 2 (10.2.4)
Im zweiten Teil der Geschichte der USA werde Probleme angesprochen, die bis heute nachwirken: die Indianerfrage, die Sklaverei und die nationalen Minderheiten (Schwarze und Hispanics).
Desertifikation 1 (15.2.2)
Die Desertifikation gehört zu den großen Umweltproblemen. Im ersten Teil geht es um Merkmale und Ursachen.
Desertifikation 2 (15.2.3)
Im zweiten Teil werden Desertifikationsprobleme am Beispiel Afrikas aufgezeigt.
Aktuell: Globale Finanzkrise 2008 (17.10)
Die globale Finanzkrise hat inzwischen zu einer weltweiten Wirtschaftskrise geführt. Dieser Bogen stellt die Ereignisse dar, die in den letzten Jahren zu dieser weltweiten Krise führten und erklärt grundlegende Begriffe aus dem Bereich des Finanzwesens.
Geographische Grundbegriffe:
Eiszeiten – Erde – Eutrophierung (18-E 1)
Dieser Bogen ergänzt die geographischen Grundbegriffe.
Folgende Blätter müssen ausgetauscht werden:
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Anregung und Kritik richten Sie bitte an:
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Aktualisierungen finden Sie auch im Internet unter www.erdkunde-medien.de
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LANDTAG NORDRHEIN-WESTFALEN
Antwort
der Landesregierung auf die Kleine Anfrage 3272 vom 20. Dezember 2019 des Abgeordneten Norwich Rüße BÜNDNIS 90/DIE GRÜNEN Drucksache 17/8318
Wie geht die Landesregierung gegen krankhaftes Tiersammeln vor?
Vorbemerkung der Kleinen Anfrage
Beim sogenannten „Animal Hoarding" handelt es sich um ein krankhaftes und unkontrolliertes Sammeln von Tieren, dem bislang in Deutschland noch kein definiertes Krankheitsbild zugrunde liegt. Oftmals geht diesem Phänomen eine psychische Störung, wie eine Depression oder eine Zwangsneurose, voraus, was dazu führt, dass Hygiene- und Pflegestandards für die gehaltenen Tiere nicht erfüllt werden. Darunter leiden nicht nur die Betroffenen, sondern in erster Linie die Tiere. Wird von den Behörden eine solche Tiersammlung aufgelöst, werden oftmals Tiere tot gefunden oder befinden sich in so einem schlechten Zustand, dass sie anschließend vom Veterinär eingeschläfert werden müssen.
Dokumentationen des Deutschen Tierschutzbunds zufolge waren seit 2012 mehr als 18.700 Tiere von „Animal Hoarding" betroffen. Meist handelte es sich dabei um Katzen (50,8 Prozent) und Hunde (45,2 Prozent). In 2018 waren es deutschlandweit im Schnitt 67 Tiere pro Fall, in 40 Prozent der Fälle wurden Tiere eingeschläfert und in 30 Prozent wurden verendete Tiere gefunden. Neben den Tieren selbst leiden auch die Tierheime unter derartigen Phänomenen, schließlich ist der anschließende Pflege- und Vermittlungsaufwand enorm. Zumal nach derartigen Vorfällen einige Tiere Verhaltungsstörungen aufweisen, was eine Vermittlung zusätzlich erschwert.
Für die örtlichen Behörden sind die Fälle meist abgeschlossen, sobald die Tiere aus den Haushalten geborgen wurden. Tierschützer fordern deswegen die Einführung eines Zentralregisters, in dem Informationen zu auffällig gewordenen Privathaltern gesammelt werden. Veterinärämter sollen auf dieses Register zugreifen und somit – auch bei einem Umzug in eine andere Stadt – ein Tierhaltungsverbot durchsetzen können.
Datum des Originals: 24.01.2020/Ausgegeben: 30.01.2020
Die Veröffentlichungen des Landtags Nordrhein-Westfalen sind einzeln gegen eine Schutzgebühr beim Archiv des Landtags Nordrhein-Westfalen, 40002 Düsseldorf, Postfach 10 11 43, Telefon (0211) 884 - 2439, zu beziehen. Der kostenfreie Abruf ist auch möglich über das Internet-Angebot des Landtags Nordrhein-Westfalen unter www.landtag.nrw.de
Drucksache
17/8529
24.01.2020
Die Ministerin für Umwelt. Landwirtschaft, Natur- und Verbraucherschutz hat die Kleine Anfrage 3272 mit Schreiben vom 24. Januar 2020 namens der Landesregierung im Einvernehmen mit dem Minister für Arbeit, Gesundheit und Soziales beantwortet.
Vorbemerkung der Landesregierung
Krankhaftes Tiersammeln, umgangssprachlich „Animal Hoarding" genannt, ist juristisch nicht eindeutig definiert. Auch gibt es keine „behördeninterne Definition" oder ähnliches. Die Beantwortung dieser Kleinen Anfrage stützt sich daher ausschließlich auf die Einschätzung der für die Überwachung zuständigen Kreisordnungsbehörden. Die vor Ort gefundene individuelle Situation des Tierhalters oder der Tierhalterin kann nur als Gesamtbild beurteilt werden. Ob es sich um „Animal Hoarding" handelt, hängt nicht von der absoluten Zahl der gefundenen Tiere ab, sondern vielmehr von deren Zustand, von den Haltungsbedingungen, dem Hygienegrad des direkten Umfelds als auch von den persönlichen Umständen des Halters oder der Halterin. Dies bitte ich hinsichtlich der Beantwortung der Fragen zu berücksichtigen.
1. Wie viele Fälle von Tiersammlung bzw. „Animal Hoarding" sind der Landesregierung aus den letzten zehn Jahren in NRW bekannt? (Bitte auch die Anzahl der jeweils entfernten Tiere benennen.)
Die zuständigen Kreisordnungsbehörden meldeten in den letzten zehn Jahren insgesamt 354 Fälle von Animal Hoarding. Die Fallzahl kann nur eine vermutete Annäherung sein, weil bei den zuständigen Behörden zwar tierschutzrechtliche Verstöße nach anlassbezogenen Kontrollen abgefragt werden können, eine Differenzierung zur Ursache der Verstöße jedoch nicht vorgenommen wird.
Daher können zum Teil nur aus der Erinnerung heraus entsprechende Fälle rückblickend eingestuft werden. Entstandene Kosten im tierschutzrechtlichen Vollzug können ebenfalls nur in der Gesamtheit der Fälle abgebildet werden. Während die Mehrzahl der Kreise, die auch exakte Angaben über die Kosten machen konnten, Zahlen in einer Größenordnung von bis zu 20 Fällen, häufig jedoch unter zehn meldeten, meldeten zwei Veterinärämter 50 bzw. 100 geschätzte Fälle in den vergangenen zehn Jahren, ohne dass hier eine Kostenschätzung möglich war. Differenzierungen in Kosten für den Vollzug von Animal Hoarding und anderen Tierschutzfällen liegen statistisch nicht vor.
Die anliegende Tabelle (Quelle: LANUV NRW) kann daher aus den Berichten der zuständigen Behörden nur als Annäherung verstanden werden.
Erläuterung: In den letzten 10 Jahren wurden in NordrheinWestfalen 354 tierschutzwidrige Tierhaltungen als Fälle von „Animal Hoarding" eingestuft. Dabei wurden insgesamt 9776 Tiere sichergestellt, die in sehr unterschiedlichen Zahlen und Kombinationen gehalten worden waren.
Quelle: LANUV NRW
2. Welche Kosten sind den kreisangehörigen Tierheimen in NRW durch die Abwicklung von aufgelösten Fällen des „Animal Hoarding" in den letzten zehn Jahren entstanden?
Der Begriff des kreisangehörigen Tierheimes ist ungenau gewählt, da es sowohl Tierheime gibt, die vom Kreis betrieben werden, als auch lokale Tierheime, die lediglich Verträge mit den Kreisen zur Unterbringung von Tieren abgeschlossen haben, und rein private Tierheime, die lediglich im Kreisgebiet angesiedelt sind. Zudem können auch in anderen Einrichtungen als Tierheimen Kosten durch die zeitweise Unterbringung von fortgenommenen Tieren entstehen. Die Kreise wurden daher gebeten, die insgesamt aufgewendeten öffentlichen Gelder zur Bearbeitung von Animal Hoarding Fällen anzugeben.
Ein Teil der Kreise war in der Lage, sehr genaue Angaben zu den entstandenen Kosten zu machen, einige Kreise gaben jedoch an, die Kosten nicht beziffern zu können. In einigen Fällen konnten die entstandenen Kosten durch den Verkauf der eingezogenen Tiere teilweise gedeckt werden.
Insgesamt belaufen sich die gemeldeten Kosten auf ca. 1,7 Mio. Euro. Der Betrag beinhaltet auch die Meldungen der lediglich geschätzten Kosten.
Die Mehrzahl der Meldungen der Behörden bewegte sich in einem Kostenrahmen von 15.000 bis 50.000 Euro.
Zusammenfassend kann davon ausgegangen werden, dass die tatsächliche Anzahl der Fälle und die entstandenen Kosten über den berichteten Zahlen liegen, eine belastbare Aussage setzt jedoch eine einheitliche Interpretation des Begriffes Animal Hoarding sowie einen deutlich größeren Zeitrahmen für die Auswertung in den zuständigen Behörden voraus.
3. Wie positioniert sich die Landesregierung zu einem Haltungsverbot für auffällig gewordene Tiersammlerinnen und -sammler?
Für den Begriff „Animal Hoarding" gibt es keine juristisch belastbare Definition, die ein generelles Haltungsverbot zuließe. Die zuständigen kommunalen Veterinärbehörden entscheiden in jedem Einzelfall individuell und abhängig sowohl vom Zustand der vorgefundenen Tiere als auch von den äußeren und persönlichen Umständen, welche auf dem nationalen Tierschutzrecht basierenden juristischen Maßnahmen einzuleiten sind. Dabei ist die Aussprechung eines Tierhaltungsverbots ein mögliches Instrument.
4. Wie positioniert sich die Landesregierung zu einem von Tierschutzverbänden geforderten Zentralregister, um auffällig gewordene Halterinnen und Halter zu erfassen?
Die Anlage eines Zentralregisters mit den Daten von auffällig gewordenen Halterinnen und Haltern im Hinblick auf ausgesprochene Haltungsverbote kann hilfreich sein z.B. im Falle des Umzugs einer solchen Person. In Ermangelung einer eindeutigen datenschutzrechtlichen Grundlage zur Übermittlung derartiger personenbezogener Daten wurde bei der 33. Sitzung der Länderarbeitsgemeinschaft Verbraucherschutz am 21. / 22. Februar 2019 in Mainz beschlossen, das Bundesministerium für Ernährung und Landwirtschaft zu bitten, diese rechtliche Regelungslücke zu schließen, um zu einer Verbesserung bei den Tierschutzkontrollen, wie zuletzt bei der Agrarministerkonferenz im September 2018 in Bad Sassendorf beschlossen, zu kommen.
5. Welche medizinische Betreuung wird in NRW auffällig gewordenen Tiersammlerinnen und -sammlern zur Verfügung gestellt, um eine Heilung von dieser Krankheit zu ermöglichen und somit weiteren „Hoarding-Fällen" vorzubeugen?
Bei „Animal Hoarding" handelt es sich nach der Internationalen Klassifikation psychischer Störungen der Weltgesundheitsorganisation (ICD-10, Kapitel V) nicht um ein eigenständiges Krankheitsbild. In den Fällen, in denen dem Tiersammeln eine psychische Störung (z.B. Zwangsstörung oder Depression) zugrunde liegt, stehen den Betroffenen die medizinischpsychotherapeutischen Behandlungsmöglichkeiten des Regelsystems zur Verfügung.
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PRME-hoz való csatlakozás lehetőségei az egyetemek számára
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BOLETIN OFICIAL
DE LA CIUDAD DE CEUTA
Dirección y Administración: PALACIO MUNICIPAL - Archivo
Año LXXXI
Viernes 26 de Mayo de 2006
Número 4.533
SUMARIO
AUTORIDADES Y PERSONAL
CIUDAD AUTÓNOMA DE CEUTA
1.491.- Nombramiento de D. Alfonso Gutiérrez Cejudo, como funcionario de carrera de la Ciudad en la plaza de Administrativo.
1.478.- Nombramiento de D.ª Ana Morata de la Fuente, como funcionario de carrera de la Ciudad en la plaza de Administrativo.
1.480.- Nombramiento de D. Fernando Sáez Lara, como funcionario de carrera de la Ciudad en la plaza de Administrativo.
1.479.- Nombramiento de D.ª Pilar López Sánchez, como funcionario de carrera de la Ciudad en la plaza de Administrativo.
1.481.- Nombramiento de D.ª M.ª Eugenia Ortiz Herrero, como funcionario de carrera de la Ciudad en la plaza de Administrativo.
1.483.- Nombramiento de D.ª Mercedes Galera Díaz, como funcionario de carrera en la plaza de Administrativo.
1.482.- Nombramiento de D. Francisco Luis Lorda Ramírez, como funcionario de carrera de Ciudad en la plaza de Administrativo.
1.484.- Nombramiento de D. José María Guerrero Perea, como funcionario de carrera de la Ciudad en la plaza de Administrativo.
.- Nombramiento de D. José María
Carmona Almagro, como funcionario de carrera de la
1.485
Ciudad en la plaza de Administrativo.
1.487.- Nombramiento de D. Ramón González Álvarez, como funcionario de carrera de la Ciudad en la plaza de Administrativo.
1.486.- Nombramiento de D. Antonio Mantas Paneque, como funcionario de carrera de la Ciudad en la plaza de Administrativo.
1.488.- Nombramiento de D. José Antonio Lara Ayala, como funcionario de carrera de la Ciudad en la plaza de Administrativo.
1.490 .- Nombramiento de D. Francisco Muñoz Dick, como funcionario de carrera de la Ciudad en la plaza de Administrativo.
1.489.- Nombramiento de D.ª Inmaculada Sánchez Bernal, como funcionario de carrera de la Ciudad en la plaza de Administrativo.
1.493.- Nombramiento de D.ª Nieves López García, como funcionario de carrera de la Ciudad en la plaza de Administrativo.
1.492.- Nombramiento de D.ª M.ª Antonia Ragel Chaves, como funcionario de carrera de la Ciudad en la plaza de Administrativo.
1.494.- Nombramiento de D.ª M.ª Pilar Pérez Cantizano, como funcionario de carrera de la Ciudad en la plaza de Administrativo.
1.496.- Nombramiento de D.ª Rosa María Martínez Medina, como funcionario de carrera de la Ciudad en la plaza de Administrativo.
1.495 .- Nombramiento de D.ª M.ª Luz Pleguezuelos Teodoro, como funcionario de carrera de la Ciudad en la plaza de Administrativo.
1.497.- Nombramiento de D. José Urbano López Canto, como funcionario de carrera de la Ciudad en la plaza de Administrativo.
D. Juan Manuel Doncel Doncel, Viceconsejero de
1.498.- Bases de la convocatoria para la provisión de 2 plazas de Técnico Superior en Economía y Hacienda, mediante el sistema de concurso-oposición. 1.510.- Asignación de materias al Ilmo. Sr.
Urbanismo.
1.512.- Asignación de materias al Ilmo. Sr. D. Gregorio García Casteñeda, Viceconsejero de Dotación y Servicios.
1.511.- Asignación de materias a la Ilma. Sra. D.ª Celinia de Miguel Ratero, Viceconsejera de Sanidad y Consumo.
OTRAS DISPOSICIONES Y ACUERDOS
1.448.- Notificación a D.ª Rahma Douas, relativa a la denegación de empadronamiento.
1.450.- Notificación a D.ª Hanan Bouselham, relativa a la denegación de empadronamiento.
1.449.- Notificación a D. Mahmoud Laghmich, relativa a la denegación de empadronamiento.
1.451.- Notificación a D. Mohamed El Akhdar, relativa a la denegación de empadronamiento.
1.453.- Notificación a D. Mohamed El Kasmi, a D. Ahmed Aghattas y a D. Brahim El Hadi, relativa a la denegación de empadronamiento.
1.452.- Notificación a D.ª Fatima El Akel, relativa a la denegación de empadronamiento.
1.454.- Notificación a D. Si Mohamed Boughnaim, relativa a la denegación de empadronamiento.
1.456.- Notificación a D. Mohamed Tarek Abdelkader Mohamed, en expediente sancionador por la realización de obras sin licencia en Pasaje de Las Heras, n.º 34 (expte. 24259/2006).
1.455.- Notificación a D.ª Ouafae Salmuni, relativa al expediente 19356/2006 (51/06) del Área de Menores.
1.459.- PROCESA.- Aprobación provisional de la baremación de las solicitudes para la concesión de subvención pública relativa a la acción «Acceso a la escuela de mujeres emprendedoras», medida 45.17, incluida en el P.O.I. 2000-2006 para Ceuta.
1.462 .- Notificación al establecimiento «Las Niñas», en expediente sancionador por la instalación de terraza de veladores en calle Antioco, n.º 8, careciendo de licencia.
1.460.- Notificación a la empresa Fidelco Internacional S. A., relativa a la inscripción en el Registro General Sanitario de Alimentos.
1.463 .- Notificación al establecimiento «Bar Batuka», en expediente sancionador por la instalación de terraza de veladores en calle Antioco, careciendo de licencia.
1.465.- Notificación a D. Oscar Díaz Ojeda, relativa a la subvención para inquilinos.
1.464.- Notificación a D. Carmelo Tierra Santiago, en expediente sancionador por la instalación de terraza de veladores en calle Antioco, careciendo de licencia.
1.466.- Notificación a Moncugar 2005 S. L., relativa a la declaración de ruina inminente del inmueble sito en calle Conrado Álvarez, números 7 y 9 (expte. 68636/2003).
1.468.- Notificación a D. Víctor Martí González, en expediente sancionador por infracción de tráfico.
1.467.- Notificación a D.ª Rachida Mohamed Laarbi, en expediente sancionador por infracción de tráfico.
1.469.- Notificación a D.ª Antonia Cantizano Torres, relativa al expediente contradictorio de declaración de ruina técnica y económica del inmueble sito en calle Juan Ramón Jiménez, n.º 2 (expte. 92711/2005).
1.471.- Notificación a D. Arturo Santorum Zapico, en expediente sancionador por infracción de tráfico.
1.470.- Notificación a D. Arturo Santorum Zapico, en expediente sancionador por infracción de tráfico.
1.472.- Relación de notificaciones que no han podido efectuarse directamente a los interesados del expediente de orden de ejecución de obras en la vivienda sita en calle Teniente Arrabal, n.º 7 (expte. 728/2006).
1.474.- Notificación a D. Francisco Espinosa Mena, relativa a la reclamación de responsabilidad de la Administración por los daños ocasionados en su vehículo.
1.473.- Notificación a D.ª Isabel Domínguez Sánchez y/o legítimos causahabientes, relativa a la orden de desalojo de la vivienda sita en calle Teniente Arrabal, n.º 7 (expte. 728/2006).
1.475.- Notificación a D. David Moyano López, relativa a la solicitud de subvención para inquilinos.
1.476.- Notificación a D.ª Jadduch Mohamed Ali Cherifi, relativa a la solicitud de subvención para inquilinos.
1.482
1.477.- Notificación a D.ª Nabila Abdeslam Abdeslam, relativa a la solicitud de subvención para inquilinos.
1.508 .- Notificación a D.ª Menana Said Ali, relativa a la solicitud de licencia de obras en calle Miramar, n.º 34 (expte. 56056/2005).
Delegación del Gobierno en Ceuta Servicio de Asuntos Jurídicos
1.499.- Notificación a D. Mohamed Mohamed Mohamed y a D. Manuel Fco. Rodríguez Márquez, en expedientes 141 6 y 149 6, respectivamente.
1.500.- Relación de notificaciones que no han podido efectuarse directamente.
Ministerio de Trabajo y Asuntos Sociales Instituto de Empleo
1.457.- Relación de notificaciones que no han podido efectuarse directamente.
1.458.- Notificación a D. Francisco Javier Gómez Ríos, relativa a la percepción indebida de prestaciones.
Ministerio de Trabajo y Asuntos Sociales Instituto de Mayores y Servicios Sociales
1.502.- Notificación a D. Hisman Abdeselam Ahmed, en expediente 51/154/I/2005.
Ministerio de Trabajo y Asuntos Sociales Tesorería General de la Seg. Social en Ceuta
1.501.- Notificación a D. Ángel J. Ruiz Santiago, relativa a derivación de responsabilidad a deudores.
ADMINISTRACIÓN DE JUSTICIA Juzgado de Menores de Ceuta
1.504.- Emplazamiento a D.ª Aurora María de Tapia Escribano, en Pieza de Responsabilidad Civil 27/2006, dimanante del Expediente de Reforma 16/2006.
Juzgado de Primera Instancia e Instrucción Número Dos de Ceuta
1.503.- Notificación a D. Mohamed Hossain Himo, en Juicio de Faltas 170/2006.
1.506.- Citación a D. Tarek Said Ahmed, en Juicio de Faltas 457/2005.
Juzgado de Primera Instancia e Instrucción Número Cinco de Ceuta
1.505.- Emplazamiento a D.ª Fatima Baalouk, en Patria Potestad 362/2005.
ANUNCIOS
CIUDAD AUTÓNOMA DE CEUTA
1.461.- PROCESA.- Adjudicación a CorsanCorviam Construcción las obras relativas al proyecto de «Tercera fase del proyecto modificado del Centro Cultural y Comercial de la Manzana del Revellín en Ceuta», en expte. 14/2006.
1.507.- I.C.D.- Adjudicación a Clece S. A. de los servicios de limpieza de las instalaciones deportivas del Instituto Ceutí de Deportes, en expte. Cont/2006/25.
1.447.- Adjudicación a Prosegur S. A. de la vigilancia en los Mercados Central y de San José, en expte. 26/2006.
1.513.- Contratación mediante concurso abierto del servicio de temporada de playas (6 secaderos de pescado, 3 kioscos de bebidas y un chiringuito) en expte. 88/2006.
ANUNCIOS
CIUDAD AUTÓNOMA DE CEUTA
1.447.- 1.- Entidad Adjudicadora:
a) Organismo: Ciudad Autónoma de Ceuta.
b) Dependencia que tramita el Expediente: Negociado de Contratación.
c) Número de expediente: 26/06.
2.- Objeto del contrato:
a) Descripción del contrato: Servicio de vigilancia en Mercado Central y de San José.
b) Boletín o Diario Oficial y fecha de publicación del anuncio de licitación:
B.O.C.CE. n.º 4.510 de 7 de marzo de 2006.
cación:
3.- Tramitación, procedimiento y forma de adjudi-
a) Tramitación: Urgente.
b) Procedimiento: Abierto.
c) Forma: Concurso.
4.- Presupuesto base de licitación:
Importe total: 211.000,00 euros.
5.- Adjudicación:
a) Fecha: 8 de mayo de 2006.
b) Contratista: PROSEGUR, S. A.
c) Importe de adjudicación: 195.750,00 euros.
d) Plazo de adjudicación: Diez (10) meses.
En Ceuta, a 16 de mayo de 2006.- Vº Bº EL PRESIDENTE.- LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.- Fdo.: M.ª Dolores Pastilla Gómez.
OTRAS DISPOSICIONES Y ACUERDOS
1.448.- Intentada la notificación preceptiva a D.ª RAHMA DOUAS, con documento K164456, sin haberla podido practicar, de conformidad con lo establecido en el art. 59.4 de la Ley de Régimen Jurídico de las Administraciones Públicas y del Procedimiento Administrativo Común, se le notifica el acto cuyo contenido íntegro se acompaña.
Ceuta, a 10 de mayo de 2006.- Vº Bº EL PRESIDENTE.- LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.
Por el presente pongo en su conocimiento que el Excmo. Sr. Consejero de Presidencia con fecha 9 de marzo de 2006, ha promulgado el siguiente decreto:
El Excmo. Sr. Consejero de Presidencia, D. José Luis Morales Montero, en virtud de la delegación conferida por el Presidente de la ciudad, al amparo del art. 14.2 del Estatuto de Autonomía, por el Decreto de 29-3-04 y conforme a lo dispuesto en los artículos 21 de la Ley 7/85 y 24 del R. D. Legislativo 781/85 ha resuelto dictar con esta fecha el siguiente
DECRETO:
ANTECEDENTES DE HECHO
Ha tenido entrada en el Registro General de esta Ciudad Autónoma solicitud de empadronamiento de D.ª
RAHMA DOUAS, expediente n.º 49.572/05.- Dicho expediente contiene fotocopia de pasaporte en vigor expedido por el reino de Marruecos, no teniendo pues residencia en este municipio. Consta en el expediente informe jurídico.
FUNDAMENTOS JURÍDICOS
R. D. 2612/96, de 20-12, por el que se modifica el Reglamento de Población en su art. 54 establece que toda persona que vive en España está obligada a inscribirse en el padrón del Municipio de residencia.
Art. 53 del mismo texto legal, en cuanto define el padrón municipal como el documento que constituye prueba fehaciente de la residencia en el municipio y del domicilio habitual en el mismo.
Art. 16.2 de la Ley 7/85, Reguladora de las Bases del Régimen Local que fija como documento válido para al estancia continuada de extranjeros en territorio español, la Tarjeta de Residencia expedida por las autoridades gubernativas españolas.
Decreto de la Presidencia de 29-03-04, por el que se fijan las competencias del Consejero de Presidencia.
PARTE DISPOSITIVA
Se deniega el empadronamiento de D.ª RAHMA DOUAS, por carecer de la preceptiva Tarjeta de Residencia, y ser ésta imprescindible para dicha inscripción padronal».
Contra la presente Resolución que agota la vía administrativa podrá interponer recurso potestativo de reposición en el plazo de 1 mes a contar desde la notificación.
Igualmente podrá interponer recurso contencioso administrativo, en el plazo de 2 meses, así como cuantas acciones legales estime oportunas en defensa de su derecho.
Ceuta, a 17 de abril de 2006.- LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.- P.D. de 26-7-2005.- LA TÉCNICO DE LA CONSEJERÍA.- Fdo.: Carmen Barrado Antón.
1.449.- Intentada la notificación preceptiva a D. MAHMOUD LAGHMICH, con documento P593702, sin haberla podido practicar, de conformidad con lo establecido en el art. 59.4 de la Ley de Régimen Jurídico de las Administraciones Públicas y del Procedimiento Administrativo Común, se le notifica el acto cuyo contenido íntegro se acompaña.
Ceuta, a 10 de mayo de 2006.- Vº Bº EL PRESIDENTE.- LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.
Por el presente pongo en su conocimiento que el Excmo. Sr. Consejero de Presidencia con fecha 27 de marzo de 2006, ha promulgado el siguiente decreto:
El Excmo. Sr. Consejero de Presidencia, D. José Luis Morales Montero, en virtud de la delegación conferida por el Presidente de la ciudad, al amparo del art. 14.2 del Estatuto de Autonomía, por el Decreto de 29-3-04 y conforme a lo dispuesto en los artículos 21 de la Ley 7/85 y 24 del R. D. Legislativo 781/85 ha resuelto dictar con esta fecha el siguiente
DECRETO:
ANTECEDENTES DE HECHO
Ha tenido entrada en el Registro General de esta Ciudad Autónoma solicitud de empadronamiento de D. MAHMOUD LAGHMICH, expediente n.º 90.009/05.- Dicho expediente contiene fotocopia de pasaporte en vigor expedido por el reino de Marruecos, no teniendo pues residencia en este municipio. Consta en el expediente informe jurídico.
FUNDAMENTOS JURÍDICOS
R. D. 2612/96, de 20-12, por el que se modifica el Reglamento de Población en su art. 54 establece que toda persona que vive en España está obligada a inscribirse en el padrón del Municipio de residencia.
Art. 53 del mismo texto legal, en cuanto define el padrón municipal como el documento que constituye prueba fehaciente de la residencia en el municipio y del domicilio habitual en el mismo.
Art. 16.2 de la Ley 7/85, Reguladora de las Bases del Régimen Local que fija como documento válido para al estancia continuada de extranjeros en territorio español, la Tarjeta de Residencia expedida por las autoridades gubernativas españolas.
Decreto de la Presidencia de 29-03-04, por el que se fijan las competencias del Consejero de Presidencia.
PARTE DISPOSITIVA
Se deniega el empadronamiento de D. MAHMOUD LAGHMICH, por carecer de la preceptiva Tarjeta de Residencia, y ser ésta imprescindible para dicha inscripción padronal».
Contra la presente Resolución que agota la vía administrativa podrá interponer recurso potestativo de reposición en el plazo de 1 mes a contar desde la notificación.
Igualmente podrá interponer recurso contencioso administrativo, en el plazo de 2 meses, así como cuantas acciones legales estime oportunas en defensa de su derecho.
Ceuta, a 18 de abril de 2006.- LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.- P.D. de 26-7-2005.- LA TÉCNICO DE LA CONSEJERÍA.- Fdo.: Carmen Barrado Antón.
1.450.- Intentada la notificación preceptiva a D.ª HANAN BOUSELHAM, con documento K813684, sin haberla podido practicar, de conformidad con lo establecido en el art. 59.4 de la Ley de Régimen Jurídico de las Administraciones Públicas y del Procedimiento Administrativo Común, se le notifica el acto cuyo contenido íntegro se acompaña.
Ceuta, a 10 de mayo de 2006.- Vº Bº EL PRESIDENTE.- LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.
Por el presente pongo en su conocimiento que el Excmo. Sr. Consejero de Presidencia con fecha 10 de febrero de 2006, ha promulgado el siguiente decreto:
El Excmo. Sr. Consejero de Presidencia, D. José Luis Morales Montero, en virtud de la delegación conferida por el Presidente de la ciudad, al amparo del art. 14.2 del Estatuto de Autonomía, por el Decreto de 29-3-04 y conforme a lo dispuesto en los artículos 21 de la Ley 7/85 y 24 del R. D. Legislativo 781/85 ha resuelto dictar con esta fecha el siguiente
DECRETO:
ANTECEDENTES DE HECHO
Ha tenido entrada en el Registro General de esta Ciudad Autónoma solicitud de empadronamiento de D.ª
1.485
HANAN BOUSELHAM, expediente n.º 49.572/05.- Dicho expediente además de la solicitud preceptiva, contiene entre otros documentos, informe de la Policía Local en el que manifiesta que la interesada es desconocida en el domicilio facilitado. Consta en el expediente informe jurídico.
FUNDAMENTOS JURÍDICOS
R. D. 2612/96, de 20-12, por el que se modifica el Reglamento de Población en su art. 54 establece que toda persona que vive en España está obligada a inscribirse en el padrón del Municipio de residencia.
Art. 53 del mismo texto legal, en cuanto define el padrón municipal como el documento que constituye prueba fehaciente de la residencia en el municipio y del domicilio habitual en el mismo.
Art. 16.2 de la Ley 7/85, Reguladora de las Bases del Régimen Local que fija como documento válido para al estancia continuada de extranjeros en territorio español, la Tarjeta de Residencia expedida por las autoridades gubernativas españolas.
Decreto de la Presidencia de 29-03-04, por el que se fijan las competencias del Consejero de Presidencia.
PARTE DISPOSITIVA
Se deniega el empadronamiento, al resultar probado que la solicitante no vive en este término municipal».
Contra la presente Resolución que agota la vía administrativa podrá interponer recurso potestativo de reposición en el plazo de 1 mes a contar desde la notificación.
Igualmente podrá interponer recurso contencioso administrativo, en el plazo de 2 meses, así como cuantas acciones legales estime oportunas en defensa de su derecho.
Ceuta, a 28 de marzo de 2006.- LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.- P.D. de 26-7-2005.- LA TÉCNICO DE LA CONSEJERÍA.- Fdo.: Carmen Barrado Antón.
1.451.- Intentada la notificación preceptiva a D. MOHAMED EL AKHDAR, con documento R466280, sin haberla podido practicar, de conformidad con lo establecido en el art. 59.4 de la Ley de Régimen Jurídico de las Administraciones Públicas y del Procedimiento Administrativo Común, se le notifica el acto cuyo contenido íntegro se acompaña.
Ceuta, a 10 de mayo de 2006.- Vº Bº EL PRESIDENTE.- LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.
Por el presente pongo en su conocimiento que el Excmo. Sr. Consejero de Presidencia con fecha 8 de marzo de 2006, ha promulgado el siguiente decreto:
El Excmo. Sr. Consejero de Presidencia, D. José Luis Morales Montero, en virtud de la delegación conferida por el Presidente de la ciudad, al amparo del art. 14.2 del Estatuto de Autonomía, por el Decreto de 29-3-04 y conforme a lo dispuesto en los artículos 21 de la Ley 7/85 y 24 del R. D. Legislativo 781/85 ha resuelto dictar con esta fecha el siguiente
DECRETO:
ANTECEDENTES DE HECHO
Ha tenido entrada en el Registro General de esta Ciudad Autónoma solicitud de empadronamiento de D. MOHAMED EL AKHDAR, expediente n.º 46.313/05.- Dicho expediente contiene fotocopia de pasaporte en vigor expedido por el reino de Marruecos, no teniendo pues residencia en este municipio. Consta en el expediente informe jurídico.
FUNDAMENTOS JURÍDICOS
R. D. 2612/96, de 20-12, por el que se modifica el Reglamento de Población en su art. 54 establece que toda persona que vive en España está obligada a inscribirse en el padrón del Municipio de residencia.
Art. 53 del mismo texto legal, en cuanto define el padrón municipal como el documento que constituye prueba fehaciente de la residencia en el municipio y del domicilio habitual en el mismo.
Art. 16.2 de la Ley 7/85, Reguladora de las Bases del Régimen Local que fija como documento válido para al estancia continuada de extranjeros en territorio español, la Tarjeta de Residencia expedida por las autoridades gubernativas españolas.
Decreto de la Presidencia de 29-03-04, por el que se fijan las competencias del Consejero de Presidencia.
PARTE DISPOSITIVA
Se deniega el empadronamiento de D. MOHAMED EL AKHDAR, por carecer de la preceptiva Tarjeta de Residencia, y ser ésta imprescindible para dicha inscripción padronal».
Contra la presente Resolución que agota la vía administrativa podrá interponer recurso potestativo de reposición en el plazo de 1 mes a contar desde la notificación.
Igualmente podrá interponer recurso contencioso administrativo, en el plazo de 2 meses, así como cuantas acciones legales estime oportunas en defensa de su derecho.
Ceuta, a 20 de abril de 2006.- LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.- P.D. de 26-7-2005.- LA TÉCNICO DE LA CONSEJERÍA.- Fdo.: Carmen Barrado Antón.
1.452.- Intentada la notificación preceptiva a D.ª FATIMA EL AKEL, con documento N712169, sin haberla podido practicar, de conformidad con lo establecido en el art. 59.4 de la Ley de Régimen Jurídico de las Administraciones Públicas y del Procedimiento Administrativo Común, se le notifica el acto cuyo contenido íntegro se acompaña.
Ceuta, a 10 de mayo de 2006.- Vº Bº EL PRESIDENTE.- LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.
Por el presente pongo en su conocimiento que el Excmo. Sr. Consejero de Presidencia con fecha 9 de marzo de 2006, ha promulgado el siguiente decreto:
El Excmo. Sr. Consejero de Presidencia, D. José Luis Morales Montero, en virtud de la delegación conferida por el Presidente de la ciudad, al amparo del art. 14.2 del Estatuto de Autonomía, por el Decreto de 29-3-04 y conforme a lo dispuesto en los artículos 21 de la Ley 7/85 y 24 del R. D. Legislativo 781/85 ha resuelto dictar con esta fecha el siguiente
DECRETO:
ANTECEDENTES DE HECHO
Ha tenido entrada en el Registro General de esta Ciudad Autónoma solicitud de empadronamiento de D.ª FATIMA EL AKEL, expediente n.º 43.453/05.- Dicho expe- diente contiene fotocopia de pasaporte en vigor expedido por el reino de Marruecos, no teniendo pues residencia en este municipio. Consta en el expediente informe jurídico.
FUNDAMENTOS JURÍDICOS
R. D. 2612/96, de 20-12, por el que se modifica el Reglamento de Población en su art. 54 establece que toda persona que vive en España está obligada a inscribirse en el padrón del Municipio de residencia.
Art. 53 del mismo texto legal, en cuanto define el padrón municipal como el documento que constituye prueba fehaciente de la residencia en el municipio y del domicilio habitual en el mismo.
Art. 16.2 de la Ley 7/85, Reguladora de las Bases del Régimen Local que fija como documento válido para al estancia continuada de extranjeros en territorio español, la Tarjeta de Residencia expedida por las autoridades gubernativas españolas.
Decreto de la Presidencia de 29-03-04, por el que se fijan las competencias del Consejero de Presidencia.
PARTE DISPOSITIVA
Se deniega el empadronamiento de D.ª FATIMA EL AKEL, por carecer de la preceptiva Tarjeta de Residencia, y ser ésta imprescindible para dicha inscripción padronal».
Contra la presente Resolución que agota la vía administrativa podrá interponer recurso potestativo de reposición en el plazo de 1 mes a contar desde la notificación.
Igualmente podrá interponer recurso contencioso administrativo, en el plazo de 2 meses, así como cuantas acciones legales estime oportunas en defensa de su derecho.
Ceuta, a 17 de abril de 2006.- LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.- P.D. de 26-7-2005.- LA TÉCNICO DE LA CONSEJERÍA.- Fdo.: Carmen Barrado Antón.
1.453.- Intentada la notificación preceptiva a D. MOHAMED EL KASMI con documento H904760, D. AHMED AGHATTAS con documento M577721 y D. BRAHIM EL HADI con documento L746599, sin haberla podido practicar, de conformidad con lo establecido en el art. 59.4 de la Ley de Régimen Jurídico de las Administraciones Públicas y del Procedimiento Administrativo Común, se le notifica el acto cuyo contenido íntegro se acompaña.
Ceuta, a 10 de mayo de 2006.- Vº Bº EL PRESIDENTE.- LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.
Por el presente pongo en su conocimiento que el Excmo. Sr. Consejero de Presidencia con fecha 9 de marzo de 2006, ha promulgado el siguiente decreto:
El Excmo. Sr. Consejero de Presidencia, D. José Luis Morales Montero, en virtud de la delegación conferida por el Presidente de la ciudad, al amparo del art. 14.2 del Estatuto de Autonomía, por el Decreto de 29-3-04 y conforme a lo dispuesto en los artículos 21 de la Ley 7/85 y 24 del R. D. Legislativo 781/85 ha resuelto dictar con esta fecha el siguiente
DECRETO:
ANTECEDENTES DE HECHO
Ha tenido entrada en el Registro General de esta Ciudad Autónoma solicitud de empadronamiento de D. MOHAMED EL KASMI, D. AHMED AGHATTAS y D.
BRAHIM EL HADI, expediente n.º 40.539/05.- Dicho expediente contiene fotocopia de pasaporte en vigor expedido por el reino de Marruecos, no teniendo pues residencia en este municipio. Consta en el expediente informe jurídico.
FUNDAMENTOS JURÍDICOS
R. D. 2612/96, de 20-12, por el que se modifica el Reglamento de Población en su art. 54 establece que toda persona que vive en España está obligada a inscribirse en el padrón del Municipio de residencia.
Art. 53 del mismo texto legal, en cuanto define el padrón municipal como el documento que constituye prueba fehaciente de la residencia en el municipio y del domicilio habitual en el mismo.
Art. 16.2 de la Ley 7/85, Reguladora de las Bases del Régimen Local que fija como documento válido para al estancia continuada de extranjeros en territorio español, la Tarjeta de Residencia expedida por las autoridades gubernativas españolas.
Decreto de la Presidencia de 29-03-04, por el que se fijan las competencias del Consejero de Presidencia.
PARTE DISPOSITIVA
Se deniega el empadronamiento de D. AHMED AGHATTAS, D. MOHAMED EL KASMI y D. BRAHIM EL HADI, por carecer de la preceptiva Tarjeta de Residencia, y ser ésta imprescindible para dicha inscripción padronal».
Contra la presente Resolución que agota la vía administrativa podrá interponer recurso potestativo de reposición en el plazo de 1 mes a contar desde la notificación.
Igualmente podrá interponer recurso contencioso administrativo, en el plazo de 2 meses, así como cuantas acciones legales estime oportunas en defensa de su derecho.
Ceuta, a 17 de abril de 2006.- LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.- P.D. de 26-7-2005.- LA TÉCNICO DE LA CONSEJERÍA.- Fdo.: Carmen Barrado Antón.
1.454.- Intentada la notificación preceptiva a D. SI MOHAMED BOUGHNAIM, con documento R171591, sin haberla podido practicar, de conformidad con lo establecido en el art. 59.4 de la Ley de Régimen Jurídico de las Administraciones Públicas y del Procedimiento Administrativo Común, se le notifica el acto cuyo contenido íntegro se acompaña.
Ceuta, a 10 de mayo de 2006.- Vº Bº EL PRESIDENTE.- LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.
Por el presente pongo en su conocimiento que el Excmo. Sr. Consejero de Presidencia con fecha 9 de marzo de 2006, ha promulgado el siguiente decreto:
El Excmo. Sr. Consejero de Presidencia, D. José Luis Morales Montero, en virtud de la delegación conferida por el Presidente de la ciudad, al amparo del art. 14.2 del Estatuto de Autonomía, por el Decreto de 29-3-04 y conforme a lo dispuesto en los artículos 21 de la Ley 7/85 y 24 del R. D. Legislativo 781/85 ha resuelto dictar con esta fecha el siguiente
DECRETO:
ANTECEDENTES DE HECHO
Ha tenido entrada en el Registro General de esta Ciudad Autónoma solicitud de empadronamiento de D. SI MOHAMED BOUGHNAIM, expediente n.º 38.628/05.-
1.487
Dicho expediente contiene fotocopia de pasaporte en vigor expedido por el reino de Marruecos, no teniendo pues residencia en este municipio. Consta en el expediente informe jurídico.
FUNDAMENTOS JURÍDICOS
R. D. 2612/96, de 20-12, por el que se modifica el Reglamento de Población en su art. 54 establece que toda persona que vive en España está obligada a inscribirse en el padrón del Municipio de residencia.
Art. 53 del mismo texto legal, en cuanto define el padrón municipal como el documento que constituye prueba fehaciente de la residencia en el municipio y del domicilio habitual en el mismo.
Art. 16.2 de la Ley 7/85, Reguladora de las Bases del Régimen Local que fija como documento válido para al estancia continuada de extranjeros en territorio español, la Tarjeta de Residencia expedida por las autoridades gubernativas españolas.
Decreto de la Presidencia de 29-03-04, por el que se fijan las competencias del Consejero de Presidencia.
PARTE DISPOSITIVA
Se deniega el empadronamiento de D. SI MOHAMED BOUGHNAIM, por carecer de la preceptiva Tarjeta de Residencia, y ser ésta imprescindible para dicha inscripción padronal».
Contra la presente Resolución que agota la vía administrativa podrá interponer recurso potestativo de reposición en el plazo de 1 mes a contar desde la notificación.
Igualmente podrá interponer recurso contencioso administrativo, en el plazo de 2 meses, así como cuantas acciones legales estime oportunas en defensa de su derecho.
Ceuta, a 20 de abril de 2006.- LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.- P.D. de 26-7-2005.- LA TÉCNICO DE LA CONSEJERÍA.- Fdo.: Carmen Barrado Antón.
1.455.- De conformidad con el artículo 58.1 de la Ley 30/1992, de 26 de noviembre, en relación con el artículo 59.4 de la misma, se procede a notificar que en el día 18 de abril de 2006, ha recaído Resolución Administrativa en el expediente n.º 19.356/06 (51/06), que se sigue en el Área de Menores, en el que es parte interesada D.ª OUAFAE SALMUNI, mediante su publicación en el Boletín Oficial de la Ciudad de Ceuta.
Concurriendo en el presente supuesto las circunstancias contempladas en el artículo 61 de la precitada Ley, se le significa que para conocer el texto íntegro de la misma, deberá comparecer en esta Entidad, sita en calle Real, número 116, bajos C y D, de Ceuta, en el plazo de 7 días, donde se le notificará la misma íntegramente.
Ceuta, 18 de mayo de 2006.- LA DIRECTORA DEL EQUIPO TÉCNICO.- Fdo.: M.ª del Mar Feria Petisme.
1.456.- La Excma. Sra. Consejera de Fomento, D.ª Elena M.ª Sánchez Villaverde, por su Decreto de fecha 19 de abril de 2006, ha dispuesto lo siguiente:
ANTECEDENTES DE HECHO
La Policía Local denuncia el 5 de abril de 2006 la ejecución de obras consistentes en movimientos de tierras y excavación de cimientos en Pasaje de las Heras/calle Sevilla.
La Policía Local informa con fecha 6 de abril de 2006 a D. MOHAMED TAREK ABDELKADER MOHAMED (DNI 45.082.527-C) por la realización de obras sin la correspondiente licencia.
Los Servicios Técnicos de la Consejería de Fomento emiten el Informe Técnico n.º 595, de 7 de abril de 2006, en el que se describen las obras, se valoran en 5.800,20 euros y se determina que las mismas no son legalizables.
FUNDAMENTOS JURÍDICOS
PRIMERO.- El artículo 30 de la L.O 1/1995, de 13 de marzo, de Estatuto de Autonomía de Ceuta, establece que «La Ciudad de Ceuta ser regirá en materia de procedimiento administrativo, contratos, concesiones, expropiaciones, responsabilidad patrimonial, régimen de bienes y demás aspectos del régimen jurídico de su administración, por lo establecido con carácter general, por la legislación del Estado sobre Régimen Local, sin perjuicio de las especialidades derivadas de la organización propia de la Ciudad establecidas por el presente Estatuto.
SEGUNDO.- El Texto Refundido de la Ley del Suelo y Ordenación Urbana (TRLS 76) aprobado por Real Decreto 1346/1976, de 9 de abril, establece en su artículo 184.1 que cuando los actos de edificación y uso del suelo relacionados en el artículo 178 se efectuasen sin licencia y orden de ejecución o sin ajustarse a las condiciones señaladas en las mismas, el Alcalde dispondrá la suspensión inmediata de dichos actos.
El artículo 184.3 del TRLS 76 dispone que transcurrido dicho plazo sin haberse instado la expresada licencia, o sin haberse ajustado las obras a las condiciones señaladas, el Ayuntamiento acordará la demolición de las obras a costa del interesado y procederá a impedir definitivamente los usos a los que diera lugar. De igual manera procederá si la licencia fuere denegada por ser su otorgamiento contrario a las prescripciones del Plan o de las ordenanzas.
El artículo 225 del R.D 1346/1976, indica que la vulneración de las prescripciones contenidas en esta Ley o en los Planes, Programas, Normas y Ordenanzas tendrán la consideración de infracciones urbanísticas y llevarán consigo la imposición de sanciones a los responsables, así como la obligación de resarcimiento de daños e indemnización de los perjuicios a cargo de los mismos, todo ello con independencia de las medidas previstas en los artículos 184 a 187 de la presente Ley y de las responsabilidades de orden penal en que hayan podido incurrir los infractores.
TERCERO.- El artículo 51.1. del Reglamento de Disciplina Urbanística (RDU) aprobado por R.D 2187/1978, de 23 de junio, establece que toda actuación que contradiga las normas o el planeamiento urbanístico en vigor podrá dar lugar a:
1.- La adopción por parte de la Administración competente de las medidas precisas para que se proceda a la restauración del orden jurídico infringido y de la realidad física alterada o transformada como consecuencia de la actuación ilegal.
2.- La iniciación de los procedimientos de suspensión y anulación de actos administrativos en los que presuntamente pudiera ampararse la actuación ilegal.
3.- La imposición de sanciones a los responsables, previa tramitación del correspondiente procedimiento sancionador, sin perjuicio de las posibles responsabilidades de orden penal en que hubieran incurrido.
4.- La obligación de resarcimiento de daños e indemnización de los perjuicios a cargo de quienes sean declarados responsables.
El artículo 51.2 señala que las actuaciones previstas en el número anterior se desarrollarán por los órganos y conforme al procedimiento establecido para cada una de ellas, sin perjuicio de las reglas de conexión y compatibilidad que se contienen en los artículos siguientes.
El artículo 57.1 del RDU considera que en las obras que se ejecutasen sin licencia o con inobservancia de sus cláusulas serán sancionadas por infracciones urbanísticas el promotor, el empresario de las obras y el técnico director de las mismas.
El artículo 76.1 del RDU dispone que quienes realicen obras de edificación o urbanización en contra del uso que corresponda al suelo en el que se ejecuten, serán sancionados con multa del 10 al 20% del valor de la obra proyectada.
El apartado 2.º de la citada norma dispone que la sanción se impondrá en su grado máximo cuando la actuación se refiera a suelo destinado a viales, parques y jardines públicos, zonas deportivas de recreo y expansión, o equipamiento comunitario.
CUARTO.- El Real Decreto 1398/1993, de 4 de agosto, por el que se aprueba el reglamento del procedimiento para el ejercicio de la potestad sancionadora (RPS) establece en su artículo 11 que los procedimientos sancionadores se iniciarán siempre de oficio. La iniciación de los procedimientos sancionadores se formalizará con el contenido mínimo que prevé el art 13 del mismo.
PARTE DISPOSITIVA
1.º.- Ordenar la paralización inmediata de las obras no legalizables que se están realizando en PASAJE DE LAS HERAS n.º 34, descritas en el informe técnico n.º 595, de 7 de abril de 2006, y que consisten en la ejecución de movimiento de tierras y cimentación mediante zapatas aisladas de hormigón armado, en un solar existente.
2.º.- Iniciar procedimiento para la restauración del orden urbanístico infringido a D. MOHAMED TAREK ABDELKADER MOHAMED (DNI 45.082.527-C), lo que supondrá la demolición de lo indebidamente construido, al tener la consideración de no legalizables.
3.º.- Iniciar procedimiento sancionador a D. MOHAMED TAREK ABDELKADER MOHAMED (DNI 45.082.527-C) en concepto de presunto promotor de las citadas obras sin la correspondiente licencia municipal.
4.º.- Procedería conceder a los interesados un plazo de quince (15) días hábiles para aportar cuantas alegaciones, documentos o informaciones estime convenientes y, en su caso proponer prueba concretando los medios de que pretenda valerse.
En cumplimiento de lo previsto en el artículo 13.2 del Real Decreto 1398/93, de 4 de agosto, por el que se aprueba el Reglamento del Procedimiento para el ejercicio de la Potestad Sancionadora, se advierte al interesado que, de no efectuar alegaciones, sobre el contenido de la iniciación del procedimiento en el plazo concedido, la iniciación será considerada propuesta de resolución por contener un pronunciamiento preciso sobre la responsabilidad imputada, con los efectos previstos en los artículos 18 y 19 del Real Decreto 1398/93, de 4 de agosto, debiendo darse traslado de todas las actuaciones realizadas al efecto, y pudiendo ser sancionado el presunto infractor por parte de la Excma. Sra. Consejera de Fomento con multa del 10 al 20% del valor de la obra, de conformidad con el artículo 76 del R.D 2187/78, de 23 de junio.
Según lo establecido en el artículo 8 del R.D 1.398/ 93, de 4 de agosto, se comunica al presunto infractor la posibilidad de reconocer voluntariamente su responsabilidad , con el fin de resolver automáticamente el procedimiento sancionador, con la imposición de la sanción que proceda.
5.º.- Designar a D. Miguel Ángel Escamilla Ferro, Técnico de Administración General, como Instructor del procedimiento sancionador y a D.ª Carmen María Morales Reyes, como Secretaria del mismo, pudiendo ser recusados en cualquier momento de la tramitación del procedimiento, en los términos que prevé el artículo 29 de la Ley 30/1992, de 26 de noviembre, de Régimen Jurídico de las Administraciones Públicas y Procedimiento Administrativo Común
Igualmente, se comunica que el pago voluntario de la multa, en cualquier momento anterior al escrito de resolución, implicará la terminación del procedimiento sancionador, sin perjuicio de la posibilidad de interponer los recursos procedentes.
6.º.- De conformidad con el artículo 42.4 de la Ley 30/1992, de 26 de noviembre, de Régimen Jurídico de las Administraciones Públicas y del Procedimiento Administrativo Común, se pondrá en conocimiento de los interesados:
a) Que la fecha de iniciación del procedimiento san- cionador es la del presente Decreto.
b) Que el plazo máximo para resolver y notificar es el de seis (6) meses.
c) Que el efecto que produce la no resolución y notificación en plazo es el de la caducidad.
7.º.- Remitir a todos los interesados copia completa del informe de los Servicios Técnicos de Urbanismo n.º 595, de 7 de abril de 2006.
Lo que le comunico a los efectos oportunos, haciéndole constar que el plazo de 15 días, empezará a computarse desde el día siguiente al de la recepción del presente Decreto.
Atendido que no ha podido practicarse la notificación de esta resolución a D. Mohamed Tarek Abdelkader Mohamed, según el artículo 59.5 de la Ley 30/92, de 26 de noviembre, por el presente anuncio se hace pública la anterior resolución.
Ceuta, 17 de mayo de 2006.- Vº Bº EL PRESIDENTE.- Fdo.: Juan Jesús Vivas Lara.- LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.- P.D. EL TÉCNICO DE ADMINISTRACIÓN GENERAL.- Fdo.: Miguel Angel Ragel Cabezuelo.
Ministerio de Trabajo y Asuntos Sociales Instituto de Empleo
1.457.- Por este Instituto se han resuelto expedientes administrativos de denegación o archivo de las solicitudes de prestaciones presentadas por los interesados que seguidamente se relacionan y respecto a los cuales se ha intentado la notificación sin poderse practicar. Por lo tanto y a través de la presente se notifica de conformidad con lo establecido en el artículo 59 de la Ley 30/92, de 26 de noviembre, de Régimen Jurídico de las Administraciones Públicas y del Procedimiento Administrativo Común. Los interesados son:
Nombre y Apellidos
D.N.I/T.I.R.
JOSE CARLOS SECO DE LUCENA HEREDIA ABSELAM AHMED MEHDI AHMED BOUZIT ABDELJALIL HATTACH
45.111.567-B
99.012.332
X-3532944-Y
X-1632042-P
De acuerdo con lo dispuesto en el art. 61 de la Ley 30/92, los expedientes reseñados, estarán de manifiesto por el mencionado plazo de 15 días en la Oficina de Empleo sita en calle Pedro de Meneses, 4.
Se advierte que contra esta resolución, conforme a lo previsto en el artículo 71 del Texto Refundido de la Ley de Procedimiento Laboral, aprobado por Real Decreto Legislativo 2/95, de 7 de abril (B.O.E. n.° 86, de 11 abril), podrá interponer escrito de reclamación previa ante esta Dirección, presentándolo en su correspondiente Oficina de Empleo o en la Dirección Provincial del Servicio Público de Empleo Estatal en el plazo de 30 días siguientes a la fecha de notificación de la presente resolución.
En Ceuta, a quince de mayo de 2006.- EL DIRECTOR DE LA OFICINA DE EMPLEO.- Fdo.: Pedro Soriano Laveda.
1.458.- Por esta Dirección Provincial se iniciado Expediente Administrativo para el reintegro de prestaciones por desempleo indebidamente percibidas, contra el interesado que a continuación se cita y por los motivos que así mismo se relacionan. Se ha intentado la notificación sin poderse practicar.
Lo que se notifica por medio de la presente, de conformidad con lo establecido en el artículo 59 de la Ley 30/92, de 26 de noviembre, de Régimen Jurídico de las Administraciones Públicas y del Procedimiento Administrativo Común, advirtiéndole que dispone de un plazo de diez días, contados a partir de la fecha de la presente publicación, para reintegrar dicha cantidad indebidamente percibida en la cuenta número 0049/5103/71/2516550943 del Banco Santander Central Hispano (BSCH), a nombre de este Organismo, debiendo devolver copia del justificante de ingreso a su Oficina de Empleo.
De no estar conforme con lo anterior deberá formular por escrito ante el Director Provincial del Servicio Público de Empleo Estatal, las alegaciones que estime pertinentes en el mismo plazo de 10 días, de acuerdo con lo dispuesto en el artículo 33.1.a) del Real Decreto 625/85, de 2 de abril.
De acuerdo con lo dispuesto en el artículo 61 de la Ley 30/92, de 26 de noviembre, de Régimen Jurídico de las Administraciones Públicas y del Procedimiento Administrativo Común, el expediente reseñado, estará de manifiesto por el mencionado plazo de 10 días, en la Dirección Provincial del Servicio Público de Empleo Estatal.
Interesado: D. Francisco Javier Gómez Ríos.
D.N.I.: 45107456.
Expediente: 0600000028.
Importe: 493,90 euros.
Período: 12/12/2005-30/01/2006.
Motivo: Colocación por cuenta ajena.
Ceuta, 16 de mayo de 2006.- EL DIRECTOR PROVINCIAL.- Fdo: Enrique Moya Cano.
OTRAS DISPOSICIONES Y ACUERDOS
1.459.- PROPUESTA DE RESOLUCIÓN DEFINITIVA DE CONCESIÓN DE SUBVENCIÓN PÚBLICA A TRAVÉS DEL FONDO SOCIAL EUROPEO, MEDIDA 45.17, ACCIÓN «ESCUELA MUJERES EMPRENDEDORAS»
Mediante Resolución de la Consejería de Economía y Hacienda de la Ciudad de Ceuta de 13 de marzo de 2006, publicada en el B.O.C.CE. 4514 de 21 de marzo de 2006, se aprueba la convocatoria pública para la concesión de subvenciones públicas relativas a la acción «Escuela de Mujeres Emprendedoras» en el marco del Programa Operativo Integrado para Ceuta 2000-2006, Eje 45 «Participación de las mujeres en el mercado de trabajo» medida 17 «Fomentar la actividad empresarial de las mujeres», cuyas bases fueron publicada en el Boletín Oficial de la Ciudad de 15 de julio de 2005 número 4443.
De conformidad con la Cláusula Sexta de la citada Resolución, el Órgano Instructor del procedimiento administrativo de concesión de ayudas y subvenciones públicas, a través de Fondos Estructurales, es la Sociedad de Fomento PROCESA.
La Dirección del órgano instructor designa al técnico D. Andrés Matres Gallego responsable de la instrucción de los expedientes.
De conformidad con el procedimiento legalmente establecido en las citadas Bases Reguladoras, las solicitudes de participación presentadas ante la Sociedad de Fomento PROCESA, son examinadas y evaluadas por el instructor que suscribe, conforme a los criterios de valoración establecidos en la convocatoria.
Con fecha 3 de abril de 2006, se reúne el Comité Técnico designado al efecto como órgano colegiado, al objeto de proceder a la comparación de las solicitudes presentadas en la convocatoria establecida del 17 de marzo al 31 de marzo de 2006, cuyo crédito presupuestario disponible es para la medida 45.17 de 14.000 euros, a fin de establecer el orden de prelación de las mismas. Posteriormente el técnico instructor emite la Propuesta de Resolución Provisional el pasado 21 de Abril de 2006 que es notificada a todas las interesadas mediante publicación en el B.O.C.CE. número 4525 de 28 de abril de 2006.
En base a lo anteriormente expuesto, el órgano instructor formula la presente PROPUESTA DE RESOLUCIÓN DEFINITIVA:
PRIMERO: Aprobar provisionalmente la baremación de las solicitudes para la concesión de la subvención pública relativa a la acción «Acceso a la escuela de mujeres emprendedoras» a l@s futur@s beneficiari@s, con cargo a la medida 45.17 y cuya valoración en orden decreciente, a continuación se indican:
SEGUNDO: Notificar a las interesadas dicha propuesta, otorgándoles un plazo de 10 días hábiles para presentar alegaciones, o en su caso aceptar la propuesta de resolución definitiva.
La propuesta de resolución provisional y definitiva no crearán derecho alguno a favor de las beneficiarias propuestas frente a la Administración mientras no se haya notificado la resolución de concesión.
Ceuta, a 18 de mayo de 2006.- EL INSTRUCTOR RESPONSABLE.- Fdo.: Andrés Matres Gallego.
1.460.- Ante la imposibilidad de notificación por esta Consejería a la Empresa Fidelco, es por lo que de conformidad al art. 58.4 de la Ley 30/92, de 26 de noviembre, de Régimen Jurídico de las Administraciones Públicas y del Procedimiento Administrativo Común, se publica el siguiente Traslado de Decreto:
Pongo en su conocimiento que con fecha 28-03-06, n.º 3947, la Excma. Sra. Consejera de Sanidad y Bienestar Social, promulgó el siguiente Decreto:
ANTECEDENTES DE HECHO
Se esta tramitando el expediente n.º 88.382/05, relativo a la posible inscripción inicial en el Registro General Sanitario de Alimentos, de la empresa FIDELCO INTERNACIONAL S. A, con CIF A-51016111, con domicilio en calle Real, n.º 90, Fiscont, para ejercer la actividad de IMPORTADOR Y DISTRIBUIDOR POLIVALENTE. Obra en el expediente informe del Jefe de Sección de Inspección Veterinaria, autorizando la inscripción en la clave 40, categorías 3 y 5, actividad 2.
1.490
FUNDAMENTOS JURÍDICOS
1.- Ley Orgánica 1/95 de 13 de marzo, de Estatuto de Autonomía de Ceuta, artículo 21 señala que: «La Ciudad ejercerá competencias sobre las materias que a continuación se relacionan, con el alcance previsto en el apartado 2 de este artículo, sanidad e higiene».
2.- Real Decreto 32/99, de 15 de enero, sobre traspaso de funciones y servicios de la Administración del Estado que: «La Ciudad de Ceuta dentro de su ámbito territorial, ejercerá las siguientes funciones que en materia de sanidad venía realizando la Administración del Estado: Funciones de la Inspección Técnica de Sanidad».
3.- Ley 14/86, de 25 de abril, General de Sanidad, cuyo artículo 25, señala que la exigencia de autorizaciones sanitarias, así como la obligación de someter a registro por razones sanitarias a las empresas o productos, serán establecidas reglamentariamente, tomando como base lo dispuesto en la presente ley».
4.- Real Decreto 1712/1991 de 29 de noviembre, que regula el Registro General Sanitario cuyo artículo 2.1 determina las industrias y establecimientos sujetos a inscripción en el registro, entre las que se encuentran las de productos alimenticios y alimentarios destinados al consumo humano, siendo necesaria la previa autorización sanitaria de funcionamiento para dicha inscripción, de conformidad con el artículo 3 del mismo texto normativo».
5.- El artículo 9.1 del Real Decreto citado, dispone que las inscripciones iniciales de las industrias o establecimientos deberán ser objeto de convalidación cada 5 años o antes, si se produjeran modificaciones en las instalaciones o procesos fundamentales. La convalidación se entenderá producida al recibir la Dirección General de Protección de los Consumidores (hoy Dirección General de Salud Pública y Consumo) el expediente a que se refiere el artículo 10, párrafo 3 favorablemente resuelto por la Comunidad Autónoma competente. Asimismo el párrafo 2 del precepto citado dice que la cancelación de los asientos registrales se producirá a petición del interesado, o de oficio, por razones de exactitud del Registro o si no se hubiera solicitado oportunamente la convalidación. En este último caso, la Comunidad Autónoma competente requerirá al interesado, concediéndole un plazo para que formule la solicitud, transcurrido el cual sin haber efectuado aquella, lo comunicará a la Dirección General de Protección de los Consumidores, a efectos de que se cancele la inscripción.
6.- Decreto de la Presidencia de la Ciudad, de fecha 18 de junio de 2003, delegándose la competencia en materia de Sanidad e Higiene a la Excma. Sra. Consejera de Sanidad y Bienestar Social, resultando ser el órgano competente para la tramitación de los expedientes en dicha materia.
PARTE DISPOSITIVA
Concédase autorización sanitaria de funcionamiento a la Empresa FIDELCO INTERNACIONAL S. A, con CIF: A-51016111, para ejercer la actividad de IMPORTADOR Y DISTRIBUIDOR POLIVALENTE, e inscripción de la misma en la clave : 40, categorías 3 y 5, actividad 2.
Contra la presente resolución que pone fin a la vía administrativa podrá interponer recurso potestativo de reposición ante el mismo órgano que dictó la resolución en el plazo de un mes desde el día siguiente al de notificación o interponer directamente recurso contencioso administrativo ante el Juzgado de lo Contencioso Administrativo de Ceuta, en el plazo de dos meses contados desde el día siguiente al de notificación de la resolución, todo ello sin perjuicio de que pueda interponer, en su caso, cualquier otro que estime procedente.
En Ceuta, 15 de mayo de 2006.- Vº Bº EL PRESIDENTE.- Fdo.: Juan Jesús Vivas Lara.- LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.- Fdo.: M.ª Dolores Pastilla Gómez.
ANUNCIOS
CIUDAD AUTÓNOMA DE CEUTA
1.461.- Mediante Acuerdo adoptado por el Consejo de Gobierno de la Ciudad Autónoma de Ceuta de fecha 3 de marzo de 2006, se aprueba la adjudicación relativa a las obras contenidas en el proyecto de «Tercera fase del proyecto modificado del Centro Cultural y comercial de la manzana del Revellín en Ceuta».
Entidad contratante:
Organismo: Ciudad Autónoma de Ceuta. Dependencia que tramita el expediente: Sociedad de Fomento PROCESA
1.491
Número de expediente: 14/06
Objeto del contrato: La ejecución de las obras relativa a los capítulos de albañilería, revestimientos, carpintería, de madera, carpintería metálica, impermeabilización y cubiertas, redes de aguas, pintura, control de calidad y seguridad y salud.
Tramitación, procedimiento y forma de adjudicación:
Tramitación: Ordinaria Procedimiento: Negociado sin publicidad Forma: Negociado sin publicidad Presupuesto de adjudicación: (8.987.647,46 euros). Adjudicación: Fecha: 3 de marzo de 2906 Adjudicatario: Corsan-Corviam Construcción
Ceuta, 16 de mayo de 2006.- Vº Bº EL PRESIDENTE.- LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.- Fdo.: M.ª Dolores Pastilla Gómez.
OTRAS DISPOSICIONES Y ACUERDOS
1.462.- No siendo posible practicar la notificación a «LAS NIÑAS» en relación con expediente n.º 27.121/06, se publica el presente anuncio para acreditar que con fecha 18 de Abril de 2006, la Excma. Sra. Consejera de Fomento, D.ª Elena Sánchez Villaverde, ha dispuesto lo siguiente:
ANTECEDENTES DE HECHO
La Policía Local, por su escrito de fecha 06/04/2006, da cuenta que el establecimiento hostelero denominado «Las Niñas» por instalación de terraza de veladores en calle Antioco, 8 y no presentar la correspondiente licencia a requerimiento de los agentes actuantes.- Consultados los registros de la Consejería de Fomento (Área de Proyectos y Obras), se comprueba que el establecimiento denunciado carece de título habilitante para efectuar la instalación que lleva a cabo.
FUNDAMENTOS JURIDICOS
Los hechos denunciados instalación de Terrazas sin licencia, son constitutivos de una infracción muy grave, visto lo determinado al respecto en el artículo 13.5.d) de la vigente Ordenanza Reguladora de Terrazas de Veladores y como tal sancionable con multa de 451 a 902 euros, artículo 14.1c) de la aludida normativa.- El procedimiento sancionador tramitado como consecuencia del incumplimiento de las prescripciones contenidas en la Ordenanza de referencia se tramitaran conforme a la Ley 30/92, de 26 de noviembre y Real Decreto 1398/93, de 4 de agosto, por el que se aprueba el procedimiento para el ejercicio de la potestad sancionadora (artículo 15 de la normativa).- La Consejera de Fomento ostenta competencias en materia de licencias urbanísticas de acuerdo con la asignación de funciones efectuada por el Presidente en su Decreto de 18.06.03, modificado por Decreto de 21/01/2005.- En igual sentido se manifiesta el artículo 13 del Reglamento de la Presidencia.
PARTE DISPOSITIVA
1.- Incóese expediente sancionador al establecimiento «Las Niñas», por la instalación de terraza de veladores en calle Antioco, n.º 8, careciendo de licencia a tales efectos.
2.- Desígnese Instructor a D. Leopoldo Torroba López y Secretario del expediente a D. José Ángel Conejo Marcos, que podrán ser recusados en cualquier momento del procedimiento.
3.- Concédase al expedientado un plazo de audiencia de 15 días a efectos de que pueda formular cuantas alegaciones convenga a sus intereses.
En cumplimiento de lo previsto en el art. 13.2 del Real Decreto 1398/93, de 4 agosto, por el que se aprueba el Reglamento del Procedimiento para el ejercicio de Potestad Sancionadora, se advierte al interesado que, de no efectuar alegaciones, sobre el contenido de la iniciación del procedimiento en el plazo concedido, la iniciación podrá ser considerada propuesta de resolución por contener un pronunciamiento preciso sobre la responsabilidad imputada, con los efectos previstos en los artículos 18 y 19 del R.D. 1398/93, de 4 de agosto, debiendo darse traslado de todas las actuaciones realizadas al efecto, sin perjuicio de que el presunto infractor pueda reconocer voluntariamente su responsabilidad de conformidad con el art. 8 de la normativa aludida.
Ceuta, 22 de mayo de 2006.- Vº Bº EL PRESIDENTE.- LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.- Fdo.: Mª. Dolores Pastilla Gómez.
1.463.- No siendo posible practicar la notificación a «BAR BATUKA» en relación con expediente n.º 26.356/ 06, se publica el presente anuncio para acreditar que con fecha 18 de Abril de 2006, la Excma. Sra. Consejera de Fomento, D.ª Elena Sánchez Villaverde, ha dispuesto lo siguiente:
ANTECEDENTES DE HECHO
La Policía Local, por su escrito de fecha 06/04/2006, da cuenta que el establecimiento hostelero denominado «Bar Batuka» por instalación de terraza de veladores en calle Antioco, y no presentar la correspondiente licencia a requerimiento de los agentes actuantes.- Consultados los registros de la Consejería de Fomento (Área de Proyectos y Obras), se comprueba que el establecimiento denunciado carece de título habilitante para efectuar la instalación que lleva a cabo.
FUNDAMENTOS JURIDICOS
Los hechos denunciados instalación de Terrazas sin licencia, son constitutivos de una infracción muy grave, visto lo determinado al respecto en el artículo 13.5.d) de la vigente Ordenanza Reguladora de Terrazas de Veladores y como tal sancionable con multa de 451 a 902 euros, artículo 14.1c) de la aludida normativa.- El procedimiento sancionador tramitado como consecuencia del incumplimiento de las prescripciones contenidas en la Ordenanza de referencia se tramitaran conforme a la Ley 30/92, de 26 de noviembre y Real Decreto 1398/93, de 4 de agosto, por el que se aprueba el procedimiento para el ejercicio de la potestad sancionadora (artículo 15 de la normativa).- La Consejera de Fomento ostenta competencias en materia de licencias urbanísticas de acuerdo con la asignación de funciones efectuada por el Presidente en su Decreto de 18.06.03, modificado por Decreto de 21/01/2005.- En igual sentido se manifiesta el artículo 13 del Reglamento de la Presidencia.
PARTE DISPOSITIVA
1.- Incóese expediente sancionador al establecimiento «Bar Batuka», por la instalación de terraza de veladores en calle Antioco, careciendo de licencia a tales efectos.
1.492
2.- Desígnese Instructor a D. Leopoldo Torroba López y Secretario del expediente a D. José Ángel Conejo Marcos, que podrán ser recusados en cualquier momento del procedimiento.
3.- Concédase al expedientado un plazo de audiencia de 15 días a efectos de que pueda formular cuantas alegaciones convenga a sus intereses.
En cumplimiento de lo previsto en el art. 13.2 del Real Decreto 1398/93, de 4 agosto, por el que se aprueba el Reglamento del Procedimiento para el ejercicio de Potestad Sancionadora, se advierte al interesado que, de no efectuar alegaciones, sobre el contenido de la iniciación del procedimiento en el plazo concedido, la iniciación podrá ser considerada propuesta de resolución por contener un pronunciamiento preciso sobre la responsabilidad imputada, con los efectos previstos en los artículos 18 y 19 del R.D. 1398/93, de 4 de agosto, debiendo darse traslado de todas las actuaciones realizadas al efecto, sin perjuicio de que el presunto infractor pueda reconocer voluntariamente su responsabilidad de conformidad con el art. 8 de la normativa aludida.
Ceuta, 22 de mayo de 2006.- Vº Bº EL PRESIDENTE.- LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.- Fdo.: M.ª Dolores Pastilla Gómez.
1.464.- No siendo posible practicar la notificación a D. CARMELO TIERRA SANTIAGO, en relación con expediente n.º 12.731/06, se publica el presente anuncio para acreditar que con fecha 6 de abril de 2006, el Instructor del expediente, ha dispuesto lo siguiente:
ANTECEDENTES DE HECHO
La Policía Local por su escrito de fecha 15/02/06 da cuenta, que el establecimiento hostelero denominado «FLANDERS» ocupa en vía pública mediante instalación de terraza de veladores en calle Antioco, careciendo aparentemente de la licencia habilitante para ello.- Consultados los registros de la Consejería de Fomento (Área de Proyectos y Obras) se constata que el establecimiento denunciado no cuenta con la preceptiva autorización para la ocupación del dominio público que efectuaba.- Con fecha 28/02/06, se incoa expediente para determinar la responsabilidad del establecimiento denunciado en los hechos producidos, concediendo a los titulares del mismo plazo de audiencia.- Comparece en representación del aludido establecimiento D. Carmelo Tierra Santiago, alegando que la ocupación de vía pública se produjo como consecuencia de reunión familiar sin ánimo de lucro y por desconocimiento de la normativa aplicable.
FUNDAMENTOS JURÍDICOS
El artículo 19.1 del Reglamento del Procedimiento para el ejercicio de la potestad sancionadora, aprobado por Real Decreto 1398/1993, de 4 de agosto, establece que concluida la prueba se notificará a los interesados la propuesta de resolución, así como índice de los documentos que obran en el procedimiento, asignando igualmente un plazo de audiencia.
PARTE DISPOSITIVA
En base a lo informado se resuelve: Poner de manifiesto el expediente a D. CARMELO TIERRA SANTIAGO.Remitir al interesado índice de los documentos obrantes en el expediente al objeto de que pueda obtener copia de los que
estime convenientes. Conceder al expedientado un plazo de audiencia de quince días a efectos de que pueda formular cuantas alegaciones a sus intereses convengan.
Ceuta, 22 de mayo de 2006.- Vº Bº EL PRESIDENTE.- LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.- Fdo.: Mª. Dolores Pastilla Gómez.
1.465.- Intentada la notificación preceptiva a D. Oscar Díaz Ojeda con DNI 74836233Y, sin haberla podido practicar, de conformidad con lo establecido en el artículo 59.4, de la Ley 30/19992, de 26 de noviembre, de Régimen Jurídico de las Administraciones Públicas y del Procedimiento Administrativo Común, se procede a la publicación de la notificación cuyo contenido íntegro se acompaña:
Lo que le comunico, a fin de que en el plazo de DIEZ DÍAS, a contar a partir del día siguiente a su publicación, subsane la falta o acompañe los documentos señalados, significándole que se así no lo hiciera, se le tendrá por desistido de su solicitud, previa Resolución dictada por el órgano competente, todo ello, de conformidad con lo establecido en el artículo 71 de la Ley 30/1992, de 26 de noviembre, de Régimen Jurídico de las Administraciones Públicas y del Procedimiento Administrativo Común, según la redacción dada por la Ley 4/99.»
«Con relación a su escrito de fecha 14 de septiembre de 2004, por la que nos solicitaba subvención para inquilinos, le significo que, para poder atender a su petición, deberá presentar la documentación que se refleja en el anexo.
Ceuta, 22 de mayo de 2006.- Vº Bº El PRESIDENTE.- Fdo: Juan Jesús Vivas Lara.- LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.- P.D. EL TÉCNICO DE ADMINISTRACIÓN GENERAL.- Fdo: Miguel A. Ragel Cabezuelo.
ANEXO
DOCUMENTOS QUE SE ACOMPAÑAN A LA SOLICITUD DE AYUDA PARA INQUILINOS
1.- Acreditación del solicitante.
pia.
2.- Contrato de arrendamiento, original y fotoco-
3.- Fotocopia de la declaración de la renta, correspondiente al periodo impositivo inmediatamente anterior, con plazo de presentación ya vencido, o en el caso de no estar obligado a ello, declaración responsable de no tener ingresos o de los habidos en el periodo impositivo mencionado.
4.- Acreditación de la superficie útil de la vivienda, mediante nota simple informativa del Registro de la Propiedad, copia de la escritura o informe suscrito por técnico competente.
5.- Certificado del Servicio de Índices del Registro de la Propiedad, de todos los que figuren como arrendatarios de la vivienda, exista o no relación de parentesco entre ellos, así como el resto de componentes de la unidad familiar tenida en cuenta para el cálculo de los ingresos ponderados, acreditativo de no poseer vivienda en la ciudad.
6.- Cédula de habitabilidad o licencia de primera utilización.
7.- Certificado de empadronamiento de/los inquilino/s en la vivienda que se alquila (presentación a posterior).
8.- Declaración responsable, de no poseer otra vivienda en los términos establecidos en el Plan de Vivienda vigente, de todos los que figuren como arrendatarios de la vivienda exista o no relación de parentesco entre ellos, así como de la unidad familiar.
9.- Declaración responsable de no existir relación de parentesco, en línea ascendente o descendente hasta el segundo grado, entre los arrendatarios y el arrendador.
1.466.- La Excma. Sra. Consejera de Fomento, D.ª Elena M.ª Sánchez Villaverde, por su Decreto de fecha 205-06, ha dispuesto lo siguiente:
«ANTECEDENTES DE HECHO
Primero.- Mediante Decreto de fecha tres de octubre de dos mil tres (03/10/03), en el que se declaraba la ruina inminente del inmueble sito en calle Conrado Álvarez 7 y 9 de esta Ciudad, se ordenaba su desalojo y posterior demolición, apercibiéndose de ejecución subsidiaria.- Los Servicios Técnicos en informe n.º 142/06 constatan que dicho inmueble ha sido demolido, si bien se ha vallado de forma provisional, por tal motivo, mediante resolución de la Consejera de Fomento de fecha treinta y uno de enero del dos mil seis (31/01/06), se ordena al propietario del solar resultante el cercado del mismo, con cerramientos permanentes situados en alineación oficial, de altura comprendida entre dos (2) y tres (3) metros, fabricados con materiales que garanticen su estabilidad y conservación en buen estado», todo ello en el plazo de veinte (20) días.- Con fecha 6 de marzo último, D. Ramón Cutillas García presenta escrito (n.º 18.113) en el que comunica que en dicho solar se están llevando a cabo los trabajos de sondeos geotécnicos, comunicando que es aconsejable el mantenimiento del vallado realizado, que tiene los puntos de anclajes necesarios para la perfecta estabilidad del mismo, si bien, una vez realizado estos trabajo se procederá al cerramiento del solar.- Los Servicios Técnicos de la Consejería con fecha 8 de marzo de los corrientes, emiten el siguiente informe (n.º 383/06):
«Se ha presentado escrito por parte del Administrador en el que se manifiesta que no se ha cerrado permanentemente el solar.- Para poder realizar los trabajos geotécnicos y las catas necesarias para el estudio arqueológico del solar.Ante lo expuesto, se considera otorgar un plazo de 15 días para cerrar permanentemente el solar, dejando un acceso para seguir realizando los trabajos en caso de que no hubieran finalizado.- Mientras tanto, se deberá afianzar correctamente el vallado actual para impedir la entrada a personas ajenas a la propiedad».- Por Decreto de la Consejería de Fomento n.º 3.211, de 15 de marzo de 2006, se ordena al propietario del solar sito en calle Conrado Álvarez números 7 y 9 de esta Ciudad, que en el plazo de quince (15) días deberá llevar a efecto su cerramiento permanente, en el que se deberá dejar un acceso al mismo para que puedan continuar los trabajos en el supuesto de que éstos no hubieran finalizado, apercibiéndose de ejecución subsidiaria. Asimismo se indica en la citada resolución que se deberá afianzar correctamente el vallado actual para impedir la entrada a personas ajenas a la propiedad, mientras se efectúa el cerramiento permanente.Con fecha de entrada en el Registro General de la Ciudad Autónoma de Ceuta de 7 de abril de 2006 (n.º 27.782), se reciben alegaciones de D. Ramón Cutillas García en las que se reitera lo manifestado en la contestación al Decreto de 31 de enero de 2006 y se indica que en relación con el vallado o cerramiento del solar, se ha seguido la misma política de características, que los criterios materializados por esa Consejería en los solares de propiedad o posesión de la Ciudad Autónoma de Ceuta, ubicado en el Plan Parcial Recinto Sur y cuyas fotografías para su comprobación adjunto.- Los Servicios Técnicos de la Consejería de Fomento emiten el Informe n.º 685/06, de 20 de abril, en el que se indica lo siguiente:
«ASUNTO: Cerramiento del solar en calle Conrado Álvarez números 7 y 9.- Con respecto al asunto de referencia se informa lo siguiente: En escrito presentado por D. Ramón
Cutillas García se expone que en el vallado del solar han seguido la misma política que en los pertenecientes a la Ciudad Autónoma de Ceuta.- Este escrito se envió en contestación al informe n.º 142/06, en el que se le informaba que el solar debía cercarse mediante cerramientos permanentes.Ante todo esto cabe decir que el cerramiento ejecutado en calle Conrado Álvarez no es igual que los de las fotos presentadas, ya que éstas tienen una base de bloques, dos o tres hiladas, fijadas al terreno y que sirven de base a las vallas metálicas, dándole carácter de permanente, ya que no se pueden mover.- En el caso de Conrado Álvarez ésto no es así, ya que sólo hay unos pies de hormigón, los cuales no están fijos en ningún sitio, donde apoyar las vallas, pudiéndose mover todo el conjunto.- Por tanto, se insta al propietario a lo que se le solicita en el informe n.º 142/06, ya sea por el método expuesto anteriormente o por otro aun más estable.- Para su ejecución se propone un plazo de 20 días».
FUNDAMENTOS JURÍDICOS
PRIMERO.- Decreto de la Consejera de Fomento de fecha tres de octubre dos mil tres (03/10/03), por el que se ordena la demolición y vallado de inmueble sito en calle Conrado Álvarez números 7 y 9 declarado en ruina inminente.
SEGUNDO.- El art. 19.1 de la Ley 6/98, de 13 de abril, de Régimen del Suelo y Valoraciones (LRSV/98), establece el deber de los propietarios de toda clase de terrenos y construcciones de mantenerlos en condiciones de seguridad, salubridad y ornato público.- En el mismo sentido se pronuncian los artículos 245.1 del Real Decreto Legislativo 1/ 1992, de 26 de junio, por el que se aprueba el Texto Refundido de la Ley sobre Régimen del Suelo y Ordenación Urbana (TRLS/92) y 10.1 del Real Decreto 2187/1978, de 23 de junio por el que se aprueba el Reglamento de Disciplina Urbanística para el desarrollo de la Ley sobre Régimen del Suelo y Ordenación Urbana (RDU).- Asimismo, el art. 3.4.7 de las Normas Urbanísticas del vigente Plan General de Ordenación Urbana de Ceuta, aprobado por Orden Ministerial de fecha 15 de julio de 1992, establece que «todo propietario de solar deberá mantenerlo en condiciones de seguridad y salubridad que se establece en los siguientes apartados», así en el apartado 1 y respecto del vallado dispone que «todo solar deberá estar cerrado mediante una valla de las determinadas en las presentes Normas», estableciéndose las referidas determinaciones en el artículo 9.11.24 de dichas Normas.- El art. 109 de la Ordenanza de Disciplina Urbanística de la Ciudad de Ceuta (ORDU), aprobada por el Pleno de la Asamblea con fecha catorce de agosto de mil novecientos noventa y seis dispone que el plazo máximo previsto para la realización de los trabajos necesarios vinculados al deber de conservación se estimará en función de las características y envergadura de los mismos, según el criterio de los Servicios Técnicos Municipales.
TERCERO.- El art. 95 de la Ley 30/92, de 26 de noviembre, de Régimen Jurídico de las Administraciones Públicas y del Procedimiento Administrativo Común (en adelante LRJ-PAC), establece que las Administraciones Públicas, a través de sus órganos competentes en cada caso, podrán proceder, previo apercibimiento, a la ejecución forzosa de los actos administrativos, salvo en los supuestos en que se suspenda la ejecución de acuerdo con la Ley, o cuando la Constitución o la Ley exijan la intervención de los Tribunales.- La ejecución subsidiaria es uno de los medios de ejecución forzosa establecidos por dicha norma legal (96.1. b) LRJPAC). El artículo 98.1 LRJ-PAC, dispone que «habrá lugar a la ejecución subsidiaria cuando se trate de actos que por no ser personalísimos puedan ser realizados por sujeto distinto del obligado».- El art. 96.3 LRJ-PAC dispone que si fuese necesario entrar en el domicilio del afectado, las Administraciones Públicas deberán obtener el consentimiento del mismo o, en su defecto, la oportuna autorización judicial.- El art 84.1 de la LRJ-PAC indica que instruidos los procedimientos, e inmediatamente antes de redactar la propuesta de resolución, se pondrán de manifiesto a los interesados o, en su caso, a sus representantes, salvo lo que afecte a las informaciones y daños a que se refiere el artículo 37.5.- El art. 84.2 de la citada norma establece que los interesados, en un plazo no inferior a diez días ni superior a quince, podrán alegar y presentar los documentos y justificaciones que estimen pertinentes. Asimismo el apartado 3 considera que si antes del vencimiento del plazo los interesados manifiestan su decisión de no efectuar alegaciones ni aportar nuevos documentos o justificaciones, se tendrá por realizado el trámite. Reconoce el apartado 4.º que se podrá prescindir del trámite de audiencia cuando no figuren en el procedimiento ni sean tenidos en cuenta en la resolución otros hechos ni otras alegaciones y pruebas que las aducidas por el interesado.
CUARTO.- El art. 8.6 de la Ley 29/98, de 13 de julio, Reguladora de la Jurisdicción Contencioso Administrativa, atribuye a los Juzgados de dicha jurisdicción autorizar la entrada en domicilio.
QUINTO.- La Consejera de Fomento es el órgano competente en materia de urbanismo según asignación de atribuciones realizada por el Presidente en Decreto de dieciocho de junio de dos mil tres (18-06-03).
PARTE DISPOSITIVA
1.º.- Desestimar las alegaciones formuladas por D. Ramón Cutillas García con fecha entrada en el Registro General de la Ciudad Autónoma de Ceuta de 7 de abril de 2006 (n.º 27.782), en base al Informe de los Servicios Técnicos de la Consejería de Fomento n.º 685/06, de 20 de abril, transcrito en su totalidad en el apartado segundo de los antecedentes de hecho.
2.º.- Iniciar procedimiento de ejecución subsidiaria para la ejecución de lo acordado por Decreto de la Consejería de Fomento n.º 3.211, de 15 de marzo de 2006, en virtud del cual se ordena al propietario del solar sito en calle Conrado Álvarez números 7 y 9 de esta Ciudad, que en el plazo de quince (15) días deberá llevar a efecto su cerramiento permanente, en el que se deberá dejar un acceso al mismo para que puedan continuar los trabajos en el supuesto de que éstos no hubieran finalizado, indicándose igualmente en la citada resolución que se deberá afianzar correctamente el vallado actual para impedir la entrada a personas ajenas a la propiedad, mientras se efectúa el cerramiento permanente, todo ello, de conformidad con los Informes Técnicos obrantes en el expediente.
3.º.- Conceder un plazo de diez días a los interesados para que formulen las alegaciones y presenten documentos o justificaciones».
Atendido que no ha podido practicarse la notificación de esta Resolución a Moncugar 2005, S. L., según los términos del artículo 59.5 de la Ley 30/92, de 26 de noviembre, por el presente Anuncio se hace pública la anterior Resolución.
Ceuta, 18 de mayo de 2006.- Vº Bº EL PRESIDENTE.- Fdo.: Juan Jesús Vivas Lara.- LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.- P.D.- EL TÉCNICO DE LA ADMINISTRACIÓN GENERAL.- Fdo.: Miguel Ángel Ragel Cabezuelo.
1.467.- Intentada la notificación preceptiva a D.ª RACHIDA MOHAMED LAARBI con D.N.I. n.º 45.082.769D sin haberla podido practicar, de conformidad con lo establecido en el art. 59.4 de la Ley de Régimen Jurídico de las Administraciones Públicas y del Procedimiento Administrativo Común, se le notifica el acto cuyo contenido íntegro se acompaña.
Ceuta, 15 de mayo de 2006.- Vº Bº EL PRESIDENTE.- LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.
En relación al procedimiento la sancionador n.º 219.546 seguido contra D.ª RACHIDA MOHAMED LAARBI, por infracción de tráfico (art. 94.2.1D del Reglamento General de Circulación) con multa de 90,00 euros se le comunica:
Vistas las alegaciones formuladas y el informe del agente denunciante ratificándose en el hecho denunciado, el Instructor del expediente, ACUERDA OTORGAR TRÁMITE DE AUDIENCIA al interesado por un plazo de diez días hábiles, con vista del expediente al objeto de alegar y presentar los documentos y justificaciones que estime pertinentes (art. 84 de la Ley 30/92, de 26 de noviembre), quedando el expediente a su disposición en las dependencias de la Consejería de Gobernación. Transcurrido dicho plazo y vistas las alegaciones que en su caso sean presentadas, se dictará Propuesta de Resolución por el Instructor y se elevará al órgano competente (Consejero de Gobernación), para que dicte la Resolución que proceda (art.13.2 R.D.L. 339/90).
Ceuta, a 29 de marzo de 2006.- EL INSTRUCTOR.Fdo.: Eugenio Muñoz Dick.
1.468.- Intentada la notificación preceptiva a D. VÍCTOR MARTÍ GONZÁLEZ con D.N.I. n.º 45.076.809-Y sin haberla podido practicar, de conformidad con lo establecido en el art. 59.4 de la Ley de Régimen Jurídico de las Administraciones Públicas y del Procedimiento Administrativo Común, se le notifica el acto cuyo contenido íntegro se acompaña.
Ceuta, 15 de mayo de 2006.- Vº Bº EL PRESIDENTE.- LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.
En relación al procedimiento la sancionador n.º 224.144 seguido contra D. VÍCTOR JAVIER MARTÍ GONZÁLEZ, por infracción de tráfico (art. 171.1A del Reglamento General de Circulación) con multa de 60,00 euros se le comunica:
Vistas las alegaciones formuladas, el Instructor del expediente, ACUERDA OTORGAR TRÁMITE DE AUDIENCIA al interesado por un plazo de diez días hábiles, con vista del expediente al objeto de alegar y presentar los documentos y justificaciones que estime pertinentes (art. 84 de la Ley 30/92, de 26 de noviembre), quedando el mismo a su disposición en las dependencias de la Consejería de Gobernación. Transcurrido dicho plazo y vistas las alegaciones que en su caso sean presentadas, se dictará Propuesta de Resolución por el Instructor y se elevará al órgano competente (Consejero de Gobernación), para que dicte la Resolución que proceda (art.13.2 R.D.L. 339/90).
Ceuta, a 31 de marzo de 2006.- EL INSTRUCTOR.Fdo.: Eugenio Muñoz Dick.
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1.469.- La Excma. Sra. Consejera de Fomento, D.ª Elena M.ª Sánchez Villaverde, por su Decreto de fecha 2501-06, ha dispuesto lo siguiente:
«ANTECEDENTES DE HECHO
La Policía Local en escrito de 14 de diciembre último, denuncia la situación en la que se encuentra el inmueble sito en calle Calderón de la Barca (junto a la Charrería), siendo éste localizado por los Servicios Técnicos como el número 2 de la Calle Juan Ramón Jiménez.- Los Servicios Técnicos con fecha 17 de enero de 2006 emiten informe (n.º 82/ 06), en el que describen la situación física de la misma y sus deficiencias, concluyendo que el referido inmueble es declarativo de ruina técnica y económica.
FUNDAMENTOS JURÍDICOS
1.º.- El art. 183.Uno del Real Decreto 1346/1976, de 9 de abril, por el que se aprueba el Texto Refundido de la Ley del Suelo (TRLS/76), establece que «cuando alguna construcción o parte de ella estuviere en estado ruinoso, el Ayuntamiento, de oficio, o a instancia de cualquier interesado, declarará y acordará la total o parcial demolición, previa audiencia del propietario y de los moradores, salvo inminente peligro que lo impidiera.»- En similares términos se pronuncia el artículo 17.1 del Real Decreto 2187/1978, de 23 de junio, por el que se aprueba el Reglamento de Disciplina Urbanística (en adelante RDU), al disponer que «el procedimiento de declaración de ruina podrá iniciarse de oficio o a instancia de cualquier interesado».- La iniciación de oficio del procedimiento de declaración de ruina se acordará por la Administración municipal, como resultado de las comprobaciones efectuadas por la Administración en virtud de denuncias formuladas (art. 18.2 RDU).- El art. 20.1 RDU establece que, iniciado el expediente, se pondrá de manifiesto al propietario, a los moradores y a los titulares de derechos reales sobre el inmueble, si los hubiese, dándoles traslado literal de los informes técnicos, para que, en un plazo no inferior a diez días ni superior a quince, prorrogable por la mitad del concedido aleguen y presenten por escrito los documentos y justificaciones que estimen pertinentes en defensa de sus respectivos derechos.- Transcurrido el plazo concedido, los servicios técnicos municipales evacuarán dictamen pericial, previa inspección del inmueble en plazo de diez días (art. 21 RDU).- No podrá exceder de seis meses el tiempo que transcurra desde que se inicie el procedimiento de ruina hasta que se dicte la declaración pertinente, salvo causas debidamente justificadas (art. 22.3 RDU).
2.º.- La Consejera de Fomento es el órgano competente en materia de urbanismo según asignación de atribuciones realizada por el Presidente en Decreto de dieciocho de junio de dos mil tres (18-06-03).
PARTE DISPOSITIVA
1.º.- Se inicia expediente contradictorio de declaración del estado de ruina técnica y económica del inmueble sito en calle Juan Ramón Jiménez, n.º 2.
2.º.- Se da traslado del informe técnico obrante en el expediente a propietarios, moradores y a los titulares de derechos reales sobre el inmueble, si los hubiere, para que en un plazo de quince (15) días, aleguen y presenten por escrito los documentos y justificaciones que estimen pertinentes en defensa de sus respectivos derechos».
Atendido que no ha podido practicarse la notificación de esta Resolución a D.ª Antonia Cantizano Torres, según los términos del artículo 59.5 de la Ley 30/92, por el presente Anuncio se hace pública la anterior Resolución.
Ceuta, 16 de mayo de 2006.- Vº Bº EL PRESIDENTE.- Fdo.: Juan Jesús Vivas Lara.- LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.- P.D.- EL TÉCNICO DE ADMINISTRACIÓN GENERAL.- Fdo.: Miguel Ángel Ragel Cabezuelo.
1.470.- Intentada la notificación preceptiva a D. ARTURO SANTORUM ZAPICO con D.N.I. n.º 10.543.029J sin haberla podido practicar, de conformidad con lo establecido en el art. 59.4 de la Ley de Régimen Jurídico de las Administraciones Públicas y del Procedimiento Administrativo Común, se le notifica el acto cuyo contenido íntegro se acompaña.
Ceuta, a 17 de mayo de 2006.- Vº Bº EL PRESIDENTE.- LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.
El Excmo. Sr. Consejero de Gobernación, en su Resolución de fecha 29-03-06 ha venido en disponer lo siguiente:
«Visto el Recurso de Reposición interpuesto por D. ARTURO SANTORUM ZAPICO, en nombre y representación de SANTORUM STYLE S. L., en expediente n.º 216.079, contra Resolución sancionadora por la que se impone una sanción administrativa como consecuencia de una infracción de la Legislación Reguladora del Tráfico Circulación de Vehículos a Motor y Seguridad Vial, resulta:
ANTECEDENTES DE HECHO
1.º.- Mediante denuncia formulada por Agente de la Autoridad encargado de la vigilancia del tráfico, se procedió a la incoación de expediente sancionador n.º 216.079 contra SANTORUM STYLE S. L., con objeto de depurar la responsabilidad en que hubiera podido incurrir como consecuencia del hecho denunciado.
3.º.- El denunciado no presentó alegaciones que desvirtuaran el hecho denunciado, continuándose el procedimiento.
2.º.- Fueron comunicados al interesado mediante notificación la iniciación del expediente donde se indicaban los hechos imputados, las normas que se estimaron infringidas y las sanciones que, en su caso, podían recaer, concediendo un plazo de 15 días para alegar cuanto se estimara conveniente para su defensa, así como la proposición de pruebas oportunas. En la diligencia de notificación cursada consta como fecha de recepción el 27-09-05.
4.º.- Intentada la notificación de la resolución del expediente sin que se hubiese podido practicar, se procedió a la publicación de la misma en el Boletín Oficial de la Ciudad de fecha 06-01-06, haciendo constar en el mismo una somera indicación del contenido del acto y señalando el lugar donde los interesados podían comparecer para conocer el contenido íntegro de la citada resolución.
5.º.- En legal tiempo y forma se ha interpuesto Recurso Potestativo de Reposición contra Resolución sancionadora de expediente n.º 216.079, solicitando se proceda a la anulación del expediente sancionador y al archivo de las actuaciones.
FUNDAMENTOS JURÍDICOS
El art. 107.1 de la Ley 30/1992 de Régimen Jurídico de las Administraciones Públicas y del Procedimiento Ad-
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ministrativo Común, dispone que contra las resoluciones podrá interponerse por los interesados recurso potestativo de reposición que cabrá fundar en cualquier motivo de nulidad o anulabilidad previstos en los artículos 62 y 63 de esta Ley. En cuanto a las alegaciones formuladas por el recurrente en las que manifiesta que la publicación de la resolución del procedimiento realizada en el Boletín Oficial de la Ciudad en fecha 6-01-06 es nula, cabe decir que no es admisible dicha alegación, ya que la publicación ha sido realizada de acuerdo con lo dispuesto en el art. 61 de la Ley 30/92, de 26 de noviembre, que establece «Si el órgano competente apreciase que la notificación por medio de anuncios o la publicación de un acto lesiona derechos o intereses legítimos, se limitará a publicar en el diario oficial que corresponda una somera indicación del contenido del acto y del lugar donde los interesados podrán comparecer, en el plazo que se establezca, para conocimiento del contenido íntegro del mencionado acto y constancia de tal conocimiento». Atendiendo a lo establecido en este artículo se hizo constar en la citada publicación el lugar donde se encontraba el citado expediente, a fin de que el interesado pudiera comparecer en plazo, para conocer el contenido íntegro del acto correspondiente, por tanto no se ha causado indefensión en ningún momento, ni tampoco cabe apreciar la nulidad alegada ya que la omisión de determinados datos tienen su fundamento en lo dispuesto en el citado artículo 61.
No obstante en ningún caso se ha producido indefensión al interesado ya que la notificación de la iniciación del procedimiento se practicó en fecha 27-09-05, en la que se hacían constar todos los datos previstos legalmente en el art. 75.3 del R.D.L. 339/90, de 2 de marzo, y en la que se le concedía un plazo de 15 días para que formulara alegaciones, habiendo transcurrido el mismo sin que el recurrente haya realizado manifestación alguna.
En cuanto a la suspensión solicitada, no concurren en el expediente ninguna de las circunstancias previstas en el art. 111.2 de la Ley 30/92, para acordar la suspensión de la ejecución del acto impugnado.
No existiendo en el expediente ningún vicio para proceder a la anulación de la resolución impugnada, ya que lo manifestado por el recurrente no desvirtúa las actuaciones practicadas.
En relación a la competencia para la Resolución del Recurso Potestativo de Reposición, el art. 116.1 de la Ley 30/1992, de R.J.P.A.C., dispone «Los actos que pongan fin a la vía administrativa podrán ser recurridos potestativamente en reposición ante el mismo órgano que los hubiera dictado». De acuerdo con lo establecido en el art. 68.2 del Real Decreto Legislativo 339/1990 «La sanción por infracciones a normas de circulación cometidas en vías urbanas corresponderá a los respectivos Alcaldes, los cuales podrán delegar esta facultad de acuerdo con la legislación aplicable».
La competencia sancionadora ha sido delegada por el Presidente de la Ciudad en Decreto de fecha 26-06-03, en el Consejero de Gobernación, atribuyéndole expresamente la facultad para resolver el recurso de reposición.
PARTE DISPOSITIVA
1.º. - Desestimar el Recurso de Reposición interpuesto por D. ARTURO SANTORUM ZAPICO en nombre y representación de SANTORUM STYLE, S. L, contra Resolución sancionadora de expediente n.º 216.079, por encontrarla conforme a derecho en los términos descritos, denegándose la suspensión del acto impugnado en base a los fundamentos jurídicos expuestos.
2.º. - Notifíquese esta Resolución al interesado, significándole que, por ser firme en vía administrativa, podrá interponer contra ella Recurso Contencioso Administrativo ante el Juzgado de lo Contencioso Administrativo de esta Ciudad, en el plazo de dos meses contados a partir del día siguiente a la recepción de esta notificación. No obstante podrá ejercitar cualquier otro recurso que estime procedente». Lo que le comunico para su conocimiento y efectos.
Ceuta, 6 de abril de 2006.- LA SECRETARIA GENERAL P.D.- EL LICENCIADO EN DERECHO.- Fdo.: Eugenio Muñoz Dick.
1.471.- Intentada la notificación preceptiva a D. ARTURO SANTORUM ZAPICO con D.N.I. n.º 10.543.029J sin haberla podido practicar, de conformidad con lo establecido en el art. 59.4 de la Ley de Régimen Jurídico de las Administraciones Públicas y del Procedimiento Administrativo Común, se le notifica el acto cuyo contenido íntegro se acompaña.
Ceuta, a 17 de mayo de 2006.- Vº Bº EL PRESIDENTE.- LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.
El Excmo. Sr. Consejero de Gobernación, en su Resolución de fecha 29-03-06 ha venido en disponer lo siguiente:
«Visto el Recurso de Reposición interpuesto por D. ARTURO SANTORUM ZAPICO, en nombre y representación de SANTORUM STYLE S. L., en expediente n.º 216.156, contra Resolución sancionadora por la que se impone una sanción administrativa como consecuencia de una infracción de la Legislación Reguladora del Tráfico Circulación de Vehículos a Motor y Seguridad Vial, resulta:
ANTECEDENTES DE HECHO
1.º.- Mediante denuncia formulada por Agente de la Autoridad encargado de la vigilancia del tráfico, se procedió a la incoación de expediente sancionador n.º 216.156 contra SANTORUM STYLE S. L., con objeto de depurar la responsabilidad en que hubiera podido incurrir como consecuencia del hecho denunciado.
2.º.- Fueron comunicados al interesado mediante notificación la iniciación del expediente donde se indicaban los hechos imputados, las normas que se estimaron infringidas y las sanciones que, en su caso, podían recaer, concediendo un plazo de 15 días para alegar cuanto se estimara conveniente para su defensa, así como la proposición de pruebas oportunas. En la diligencia de notificación cursada consta como fecha de recepción el 27-09-05.
4.º.- Intentada la notificación de la resolución del expediente sin que se hubiese podido practicar, se procedió a la publicación de la misma en el Boletín Oficial de la Ciudad de fecha 06-01-06, haciendo constar en el mismo una somera indicación del contenido del acto y señalando el lugar donde los interesados podían comparecer para conocer el contenido íntegro de la citada resolución.
3.º.- El denunciado no presentó alegaciones que desvirtuaran el hecho denunciado, continuándose el procedimiento.
5.º.- En legal tiempo y forma se ha interpuesto Recurso Potestativo de Reposición contra Resolución sancionadora de expediente n.º 216.156, solicitando se proceda a la anulación del expediente sancionador y al archivo de las actuaciones.
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FUNDAMENTOS JURÍDICOS
El art. 107.1 de la Ley 30/1992 de Régimen Jurídico de las Administraciones Públicas y del Procedimiento Administrativo Común, dispone que contra las resoluciones podrá interponerse por los interesados recurso potestativo de reposición que cabrá fundar en cualquier motivo de nulidad o anulabilidad previstos en los artículos 62 y 63 de esta Ley. En cuanto a las alegaciones formuladas por el recurrente en las que manifiesta que la publicación de la resolución del procedimiento realizada en el Boletín Oficial de la Ciudad en fecha 6-01-06 es nula, cabe decir que no es admisible dicha alegación, ya que la publicación ha sido realizada de acuerdo con lo dispuesto en el art. 61 de la Ley 30/92, de 26 de noviembre, que establece «Si el órgano competente apreciase que la notificación por medio de anuncios o la publicación de un acto lesiona derechos o intereses legítimos, se limitará a publicar en el diario oficial que corresponda una somera indicación del contenido del acto y del lugar donde los interesados podrán comparecer, en el plazo que se establezca, para conocimiento del contenido íntegro del mencionado acto y constancia de tal conocimiento». Atendiendo a lo establecido en este artículo se hizo constar en la citada publicación el lugar donde se encontraba el citado expediente, a fin de que el interesado pudiera comparecer en plazo, para conocer el contenido íntegro del acto correspondiente, por tanto no se ha causado indefensión en ningún momento, ni tampoco cabe apreciar la nulidad alegada ya que la omisión de determinados datos tienen su fundamento en lo dispuesto en el citado artículo 61.
No obstante en ningún caso se ha producido indefensión al interesado ya que la notificación de la iniciación del procedimiento se practicó en fecha 27-09-05, en la que se hacían constar todos los datos previstos legalmente en el art. 75.3 del R.D.L. 339/90, de 2 de marzo, y en la que se le concedía un plazo de 15 días para que formulara alegaciones, habiendo transcurrido el mismo sin que el recurrente haya realizado manifestación alguna.
En cuanto a la suspensión solicitada, no concurren en el expediente ninguna de las circunstancias previstas en el art. 111.2 de la Ley 30/92, para acordar la suspensión de la ejecución del acto impugnado.
No existiendo en el expediente ningún vicio para proceder a la anulación de la resolución impugnada, ya que lo manifestado por el recurrente no desvirtúa las actuaciones practicadas.
En relación a la competencia para la Resolución del Recurso Potestativo de Reposición, el art. 116.1 de la Ley 30/1992, de R.J.P.A.C., dispone «Los actos que pongan fin a la vía administrativa podrán ser recurridos potestativamente en reposición ante el mismo órgano que los hubiera dictado». De acuerdo con lo establecido en el art. 68.2 del Real Decreto Legislativo 339/1990 «La sanción por infracciones a normas de circulación cometidas en vías urbanas corresponderá a los respectivos Alcaldes, los cuales podrán delegar esta facultad de acuerdo con la legislación aplicable».
La competencia sancionadora ha sido delegada por el Presidente de la Ciudad en Decreto de fecha 26-06-03, en el Consejero de Gobernación, atribuyéndole expresamente la facultad para resolver el recurso de reposición.
PARTE DISPOSITIVA
1.º. - Desestimar el Recurso de Reposición interpuesto por D. ARTURO SANTORUM ZAPICO en nombre y representación de SANTORUM STYLE, S. L, contra Resolución sancionadora de expediente n.º 216.156, por encontrarla conforme a derecho en los términos descritos, denegándose la suspensión del acto impugnado en base a los fundamentos jurídicos expuestos.
2.º. - Notifíquese esta Resolución al interesado, significándole que, por ser firme en vía administrativa, podrá interponer contra ella Recurso Contencioso Administrativo ante el Juzgado de lo Contencioso Administrativo de esta Ciudad, en el plazo de dos meses contados a partir del día siguiente a la recepción de esta notificación. No obstante podrá ejercitar cualquier otro recurso que estime procedente». Lo que le comunico para su conocimiento y efectos.
Ceuta, 6 de abril de 2006.- LA SECRETARIA GENERAL P.D.- EL LICENCIADO EN DERECHO.- Fdo.: Eugenio Muñoz Dick.
1.472.- La Excma. Sra. Consejera de Fomento, D.ª Elena M.ª Sánchez Villaverde, por su Decreto de fecha 2101-06, ha dispuesto lo siguiente:
ANTECEDENTES DE HECHO
Con motivo de denuncia telefónica recibida el pasado día 29 de diciembre en la Consejería de Fomento, relativa a hundimiento de techo en vivienda sita en calle Teniente Arrabal, n.º 7, los Servicios Técnicos tras girar visita de inspección emiten con fecha 5 de enero de 2006 el siguiente informe (n.º 8/06): «Estos Servicios Técnicos se personaron allí junto con el Cuerpo de Bomberos.- Se pudo comprobar que el inmueble está compuestos por un patio central, situándose las viviendas a ambos lados del mismo, con una altura de dos plantas (baja + 1).- Las viviendas afectadas son las que están situadas al final del patio, en la parte izquierda, en concreto el bajo derecha de la letra D, con el n.º 4 en el portero automático, y la situada encima de ésta, que es el 1.º P, con el número 16.- Se entró a las mismas y se pudo comprobar que lo que se había desprendido era abundante material de las bovedillas del forjado, llegando a romper incluso el falso techo de escayola de la vivienda situada en planta baja.Se inspeccionó el forjado, el cual estaba formado por viguetas metálicas y entrevigado de rosca de ladrillo, descansando dicho forjado sobre muros de carga de ladrillo y mampostería- Las viguetas se encuentran en muy mal estado, con las cabezas podridas en algunas de ellas, habiendo perdido capacidad portante debido al proceso de oxidación y corrosión que sufren, lo que da lugar a que en algunas zonas aparezcan flechas importantes.- Parece que hace algún tiempo se ejecutó un intento de afianzar el forjado, el cual no se hizo de manera correcta, como se puede ver en algunas zonas, llegando a colocar uno de los perfiles con el alma en posición horizontal.- Las zonas afectadas engloban al baño, salón y probablemente a un trozo de la cocina del techo de la vivienda de planta baja.- Ante la situación de inseguridad que creaba el estado del forjado, se comunicó verbalmente a los vecinos de las dos viviendas que debían desalojar las mismas, a fin de evitar riesgos.- Se llamó a Asuntos Sociales, para intentar buscar un realojo provisional a los afectados.- En el lugar se encontraba el propietario de la vivienda de planta baja, quien comunicó que ya se había puesto en contacto con un técnico para solucionar el problema.- Una vez expuesto todo esto, debería actuarse de la siguiente manera: Concederle un plazo a la propiedad de 45 días para el arreglo el forjado, el cual debe estar supervisado por técnico cualifica- do.- Este arreglo consistiría en ver cual es el estado de las viguetas, sustituyendo las que se encuentren en mal estado, así como el entrevigado.- Una vez sustituidas, colocaremos el preceptivo mallazo y la capa de mortero, colocando por último las piezas de la solería del piso alto.- En el piso bajo, se volverá a colocar el falso techo, arreglando todos los desperfectos que se puedan haber ocasionado tanto en el alicatado como en las paredes.- Si no se ejecutasen estas medidas por la propiedad en el plazo indicado, deberían ejecutarse de forma subsidiaria, siendo el presupuesto aproximado de las mismas de 4.000 euros. Este presupuesto puede variar en función de las viguetas afectadas.- Todo este proceso subsidiario debería ser supervisado por el técnico encargado de las ordenes de ejecución de la Consejería.- Como medida cautelar se propone el desalojo de las viviendas hasta que quede reparado el forjado».
FUNDAMENTOS JURÍDICOS
El art. 19.1 de la Ley 6/98, de 13 de abril, de Régimen del Suelo y Valoraciones, (en adelante LRSV), establece el deber de los propietarios de toda clase de terrenos y construcciones de mantenerlos en condiciones de seguridad, salubridad y ornato público.- En el mismo sentido se pronuncian los artículos 245.1 del Real Decreto Legislativo 1/ 1992, de 26 de junio, por el que se aprueba el Texto Refundido de la Ley sobre Régimen del Suelo y Ordenación Urbana (TRLS/92) y 10.1 del Real Decreto 2187/1978, de 23 de junio por el que se aprueba el Reglamento de Disciplina Urbanística para el desarrollo de la Ley sobre Régimen del Suelo y Ordenación Urbana (RDU).- El apartado 2 del artículo 19 LRSV establece que el coste de las obras necesarias, a que se refiere el apartado 1.º de este precepto, será sufragado por los propietarios o por la Administración, en los términos que establezca la legislación aplicable. En iguales términos se pronuncia el art. 11.2 RDU.- El art. 181. Dos del Real Decreto 1346/1976, de 9 de abril, por el que se aprueba el Texto Refundido de la Ley sobre Régimen del Suelo y Ordenación Urbana (TRLS/76), establece que los Ayuntamientos y, en su caso, los demás Organismos competentes ordenarán, de oficio o a instancia de cualquier interesado, la ejecución de las obras necesarias para conservar aquellas condiciones. En similares términos se pronuncia el art. 10.2 RDU.- La tramitación del procedimiento seguirá lo dispuesto en el artículo 10.3 del RDU:
1.º.- Concesión a los propietarios o a sus administradores de un plazo, que estará en razón a la magnitud de las mismas para que proceda al cumplimiento de lo acordado en la orden de ejecución de obras.
2.º.- Transcurrido el cual sin haberlas ejecutado, se procederá a la incoación del expediente sancionador, con imposición de multa, en cuya resolución, además, se requerirá al propietario, propietarios o a sus administradores a la ejecución de la orden efectuada, que, de no cumplirla, se llevará a cabo por el Organismo requirente, con cargo al obligado, a través del procedimiento de ejecución subsidiaria.- El artículo 84.2 de la Ley 30/92, de 26 de noviembre, de Régimen Jurídico de las Administraciones Públicas y del Procedimiento Administrativa Común, dispone que los interesados, en un plazo no inferior a diez días ni superior a quince, podrán alegar y presentar los documentos y justificaciones que estimen pertinentes.- El Tribunal Supremo en sentencia de 5 de octubre de 1987 (RJ 1987/8299), pone de manifiesto que no se requiere la solicitud ni la obtención de licencia para la ejecución de obras ordenadas por la Administración. En este sentido, el art. 100.1 ORDU establece que las ordenes de ejecución legitiman únicamente para la realización material de los actos urbanísticos determinados en las mismas, sin que sea necesario obtener la previa licencia correspondiente.- El artículo 100 del Real Decreto Legislativo 2/04, de 5 de marzo, por el que se aprueba el Texto Refundido de la Ley de Haciendas Locales, establece como hecho imponible del Impuesto sobre Construcciones, Instalaciones y Obras «...la realización, dentro del término municipal, de cualquier construcción, instalación u obra para la que se exija obtención de la correspondiente licencia de obras o urbanística, se haya obtenido o no dicha licencia, siempre que su expedición corresponda al Ayuntamiento de la imposición». El referido tributo se encuentra regulado en la Ordenanza Municipal del Impuesto sobre Construcciones, Instalaciones y Obras, en vigor en la Ciudad de Ceuta desde el 1 de enero de 1999.- La competencia para acordar la orden de ejecución corresponde a la Consejera de Fomento, de acuerdo con la asignación de funciones en materia de urbanismo efectuada por el Presidente de la Ciudad, en Decreto de fecha dieciocho de junio de dos mil tres (18-06-03).
PARTE DISPOSITIVA
1.º.- Se inicia procedimiento de orden de ejecución de obras en vivienda sita en calle Teniente Arrabal, n.º 7, transcritas en los Antecedentes de esta Resolución.
2.º.- Se concede a los interesados un plazo de diez (10) días para formular alegaciones, presentar documentos y justificaciones pertinentes.
Atendido que no ha podido practicarse la notificación de esta resolución a D.ª Isabel Domínguez Sánchez y/ o legítimos causahabientes, D. Rafael Angel Obispo Gil, D.ª Juliana Carmona Ucea, D.ª Josefa Toledo Sierra, D. Ivan Daniel Chaves Bermejo, D.ª M.ª José Casas Sánchez, según lo dispuesto en los términos del art. 59.5 de la Ley 30/92, de 26 de noviembre, por el presente anuncio se hace pública la anterior resolución.
Ceuta, 18 de mayo de 2006.- Vº Bº EL PRESIDENTE.- LA SECRETARIA GENERA.- P.D.- Fdo.: Miguel Angel Ragel Cabezuelo.
1.473.- La Excma. Sra. Consejera de Fomento, D.ª Elena M.ª Sánchez Villaverde, por su Decreto de fecha 2101-06, ha dispuesto lo siguiente:
ANTECEDENTES DE HECHO
Con motivo de denuncia telefónica recibida el pasado día 29 de diciembre en la Consejería de Fomento, relativa a hundimiento de techo en vivienda sita en calle Teniente Arrabal, n.º 7, los Servicios Técnicos tras girar visita de inspección emiten informe (n.º 08/06) en el que proponen como medida cautelar el desalojo de las viviendas hasta la reparación del forjado.
FUNDAMENTOS JURÍDICOS
1.º.- Cuando existiere peligro para las personas o bienes en la demora que supone la tramitación del expediente, el Ayuntamiento o el Alcalde acordarán el desalojo (art. 26.1 RDU).
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2.º.- El art. 95 de la Ley 30/92, de 26 de noviembre, de Régimen Jurídico de las Administraciones Públicas y del Procedimiento Administrativo Común (en adelante LRJPAC), establece que las Administraciones Públicas, a través de sus órganos competentes en cada caso, podrán proceder, previo apercibimiento, a la ejecución forzosa de los actos administrativos, salvo en los supuestos en que se suspenda la ejecución de acuerdo con la Ley, o cuando la Constitución o la Ley exijan la intervención de los Tribunales.- La ejecución subsidiaria es uno de los medios de ejecución forzosa establecidos por dicha norma legal (96.1. b) LRJ-PAC). El artículo 98.1 LRJ-PAC, dispone que «habrá lugar a la ejecución subsidiaria cuando se trate de actos que por no ser personalísimos puedan ser realizados por sujeto distinto del obligado».- El art. 96.3 LRJ-PAC dispone que si fuese necesario entrar en el domicilio del afectado, las Administraciones Públicas deberán obtener el consentimiento del mismo o, en su defecto, la oportuna autorización judicial. El art. 8.6 de la Ley 29/98, de 13 de julio, Reguladora de la Jurisdicción Contencioso Administrativa, atribuye a los Juzgados de dicha jurisdicción autorizar la entrada en domicilio.
3.º.- La Consejera de Fomento es el órgano competente en materia de urbanismo según asignación de atribuciones realizada por el Presidente en Decreto de dieciocho de junio de dos mil tres (18-06-03).
PARTE DISPOSITIVA
Se ordena, hasta la reparación del forjado de las viviendas sita en calle Teniente Arrabal, n.º 7, el desalojo de las mismas en el plazo de 48 horas, apercibiéndose de ejecución forzosa.
Atendido que no ha podido practicarse la notificación de esta resolución a D.ª Isabel Domínguez Sánchez y/o legítimos causahabientes, según lo dispuesto en los términos del art. 59.5 de la Ley 30/92, de 26 de noviembre, por el presente anuncio se hace pública la anterior resolución, significándole que contra ésta, que agota la vía administrativa, y en cumplimiento de lo previsto en el art. 107.1 de la Ley 30/92, de 26 de noviembre, de Régimen Jurídico de las Administraciones Públicas y del Procedimiento Administrativo Común, podrá interponer recurso potestativo de reposición, que cabrá fundar en cualquiera de los motivos de nulidad o anulabilidad previstos en los artículos 62 y 63 de dicha Ley, ante el mismo órgano que dictó el acto, en el plazo de un mes, o ser impugnada directamente ante el Juzgado de lo Contencioso Administrativo de esta Ciudad, en el plazo de dos meses contados a partir del día siguiente al de la recepción de esta notificación (artículos 116.1 de la Ley 30/92, de 26 de noviembre y 8.1 y 46 de la Ley 29/98, de 13 de julio).
No obstante lo anterior podrá ejercitar cualquier otro recurso que estime procedente.
Ceuta, 18 de mayo de 2006.- Vº Bº EL PRESIDENTE.- LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.- P.D.- Fdo.: Miguel Angel Ragel Cabezuelo.
1.474.- No siendo posible practicar la notificación a D. Francisco Espinosa Mena, en relación al expediente n.º 95.933/05, se publica el presente anuncio para acreditar que con fecha 17 de abril de 2006, la Consejera de Medio Ambiente ha dictado la siguiente Resolución:
ANTECEDENTES
D. Francisco Espinosa Mena, presenta reclamación de responsabilidad de la Administración de la Ciudad, con
motivo de daños a vehículo de su propiedad con matrícula 2882-BLL, producido el 21 de diciembre de 2005, al impactar contra el mismo un contenedor de basuras en la Carretera de Benzú.
Valora los daños en 385,22 euros.
Acompaña los siguientes documentos como medios de prueba:
Comparecencia ante la Jefatura de la Policía Local Por Decreto de la Consejera de Medio Ambiente de fecha 18/01/2005, se incoa expediente para determinar la responsabilidad de la Ciudad, con motivo de reclamación de D. Francisco Espinosa Mena.
Con fecha 25 de enero de 2006 el instructor del expediente eleva propuesta de Resolución, concediéndole al reclamante un plazo de 30 días para presentar testimonio por escrito de las personas que presenciaron el hecho, o, identificar para que puedan ser citados por la Ciudad.
Transcurrido dicho plazo, el expedientado no se ha personado en el expediente.
FUNDAMENTOS JURÍDICOS
El art. 2 del Real Decreto 429/93, de 26 de marzo establece que mediante los procedimientos previstos en dicho Reglamento, las Administraciones Públicas reconocerán el derecho a indemnización de los particulares, por las lesiones que aquellos sufren en cualquiera de sus bienes y derechos siempre que la lesión sea consecuencia del funcionamiento normal o anormal de los servicios públicos, salvo en los casos de fuerza mayor.
El Tribunal Supremo tiene declarado, entre otras sentencias, en la Sentencia de 11/02/91 que, para el éxito de la acción de responsabilidad patrimonial se precisa la concurrencia de una serie de requisitos:
a) La efectiva realidad de un daño evaluable económicamente e individualizado en relación a una persona o grupo de personas.
b) Que el daño o lesión patrimonial sufrido por el reclamante sea consecuencia del funcionamiento normal o anormal de los servicios públicos en una relación directa, inmediata y exclusión de causa o efecto, sin intervenciones extrañas que alteren el nexo causal.
c) Que no se haya producido fuera mayor.
Del conjunto de los actos que constan en el expediente no queda probado una actuación ilícita por parte de la Administración de la Ciudad, y Contenur, empresa concesionaria del servicio, detalla que es norma preceptiva y de obligado cumplimiento en esta empresa y por ende de todos los operarios que mantienen, manipulan, trasladan y/o ubican los contenedores, sean cuales sean sus litrajes, dejarlos con los dos frenos de ruedas puestos, para evitar que alguien ajeno a Contenur o la empresa de recogida Urbaser pueda mover estos elementos.
Por tanto, no queda acreditado que la retirada de los frenos se daba a un actuar de la Administración de la Ciudad, si no, probablemente a la actuación de un tercero, lo que excluiría en nexo causal invocado por la doctrina del Tribunal Supremo.
La Consejera de Medio Ambiente, ostenta competencia atribuida por el Presidente de la Ciudad por Decreto de fecha 18/06/03.
PARTE DISPOSITIVA
Se desestima la reclamación presentada por D. Francisco Espinosa Mena.
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Contra esta resolución, que agota la vía administrativa, y en cumplimiento de lo previsto en el art. 107.1 de la Ley 30/92, de 26 de noviembre, de Régimen Jurídico de las Administraciones Públicas y del Procedimiento Administrativo Común, podrá interponer recurso potestativo de reposición, que cabrá fundar en cualquiera de los motivos de nulidad y anulabilidad previstos en los artículos 62 y 63 de dicha Ley, ante el mismo órgano que dicto el acto, en el plazo de un mes, o ser impugnada directamente ante el Juzgado de lo Contencioso Administrativo de esta Ciudad en el plazo de dos meses contados a partir del día siguiente al de la recepción de esta notificación (artículos 116.1 de la Ley 30/92, de 26 de noviembre y 8.1 y 46 de la Ley 29/98, de 13 de julio).
No obstante lo anterior podrá ejercitar cualquier otro recurso que estime procedente.
En Ceuta, a 16 de mayo de 2006.- Vº Bº EL PRESIDENTE.- LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.
1.475.- Intentada la notificación preceptiva a D. David Moyano López con DNI 45099417Y, sin haberla podido practicar, de conformidad con lo establecido en el artículo 59.4, de la Ley 30/19992, de 26 de noviembre, de Régimen Jurídico de las Administraciones Públicas y del Procedimiento Administrativo Común, se procede a la publicación de la notificación cuyo contenido íntegro se acompaña:
«Con relación a su escrito de fecha 13 de septiembre de 2005, por la que nos solicitaba subvención para inquilinos, le significo que, para poder atender a su petición, deberá presentar la documentación que se refleja en el anexo.
Lo que le comunico, a fin de que en el plazo de DIEZ DÍAS, a contar a partir del día siguiente a su publicación, subsane la falta o acompañe los documentos señalados, significándole que se así no lo hiciera, se le tendrá por desistido de su solicitud, previa Resolución dictada por el órgano competente, todo ello, de conformidad con lo establecido en el artículo 71 de la Ley 30/1992, de 26 de noviembre, de Régimen Jurídico de las Administraciones Públicas y del Procedimiento Administrativo Común, según la redacción dada por la Ley 4/99».
Ceuta, a 22 de mayo de 2006.- Vº Bº EL PRESIDENTE.- Fdo.: Fdo: Juan Jesús Vivas Lara.- LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.- P.D. EL TÉCNICO DE LA ADMINISTRACIÓN GENERAL.- Fdo.: Miguel Ángel Ragel Cabezuelo.
ANEXO
DOCUMENTOS QUE SE ACOMPAÑAN A LA SOLICITUD DE AYUDA PARA INQUILINOS
1.- Acreditación del solicitante.
2.- Contrato de arrendamiento, original y fotoco-
pia.
3.- Fotocopia de la declaración de la renta, correspondiente al periodo impositivo inmediatamente anterior, con plazo de presentación ya vencido, o en el caso de no estar obligado a ello, declaración responsable de no tener ingresos o de los habidos en el periodo impositivo mencionado.
4.- Acreditación de la superficie útil de la vivienda, mediante nota simple informativa del Registro de la Propiedad, copia de la escritura o informe suscrito por técnico competente.
5.- Certificado del Servicio de Índices del Registro de la Propiedad, de todos los que figuren como arrendatarios
de la vivienda, exista o no relación de parentesco entre ellos, así como el resto de componentes de la unidad familiar tenida en cuenta para el cálculo de los ingresos ponderados, acreditativo de no poseer vivienda en la ciudad.
6.- Cédula de habitabilidad o licencia de primera utilización.
7.- Certificado de empadronamiento de/los inquilino/s en la vivienda que se alquila (presentación a posterior).
8.- Declaración responsable, de no poseer otra vivienda en los términos establecidos en el Plan de Vivienda vigente, de todos los que figuren como arrendatarios de la vivienda exista o no relación de parentesco entre ellos, así como de la unidad familiar.
9.- Declaración responsable de no existir relación de parentesco, en línea ascendente o descendente hasta el segundo grado, entre los arrendatarios y el arrendador.
1.476.- Intentada la notificación preceptiva a D.ª Jadduch Mohamed Ali Cherifi con DNI 45085168Q, sin haberla podido practicar, de conformidad con lo establecido en el artículo 59.4, de la Ley 30/19992, de 26 de noviembre, de Régimen Jurídico de las Administraciones Públicas y del Procedimiento Administrativo Común, se procede a la publicación de la notificación cuyo contenido íntegro se acompaña:
«Con relación a su escrito de fecha 05 de mayo de 2005, por la que nos solicitaba subvención para inquilinos, le significo que, para poder atender a su petición, deberá presentar la documentación que se refleja en el anexo.
Lo que le comunico, a fin de que en el plazo de DIEZ DÍAS, a contar a partir del día siguiente a su publicación, subsane la falta o acompañe los documentos señalados, significándole que se así no lo hiciera, se le tendrá por desistido de su solicitud, previa Resolución dictada por el órgano competente, todo ello, de conformidad con lo establecido en el artículo 71 de la Ley 30/1992, de 26 de noviembre, de Régimen Jurídico de las Administraciones Públicas y del Procedimiento Administrativo Común, según la redacción dada por la Ley 4/99.»
Ceuta, a 22 de mayo de 2006.- Vº Bº EL PRESIDENTE.- Fdo.: Juan Jesús Vivas Lara.- LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.- P.D.- EL TÉCNICO DE LA ADMINISTRACIÓN GENERAL.- Fdo.: Miguel Ángel Ragel Cabezuelo.
ANEXO
DOCUMENTOS QUE SE ACOMPAÑAN A LA SOLICITUD DE AYUDA PARA INQUILINOS
1.- Acreditación del solicitante.
2.- Contrato de arrendamiento, original y fotoco-
pia. 3.- Fotocopia de la declaración de la renta, correspondiente al periodo impositivo inmediatamente anterior, con plazo de presentación ya vencido, o en el caso de no estar obligado a ello, declaración responsable de no tener ingresos o de los habidos en el periodo impositivo mencionado.
5.- Certificado del Servicio de Índices del Registro de la Propiedad, de todos los que figuren como arrendatarios de la vivienda, exista o no relación de parentesco entre ellos, así como el resto de componentes de la unidad familiar tenida en cuenta para el cálculo de los ingresos ponderados, acreditativo de no poseer vivienda en la ciudad.
4.- Acreditación de la superficie útil de la vivienda, mediante nota simple informativa del Registro de la Propiedad, copia de la escritura o informe suscrito por técnico competente.
1.501
6.- Cédula de habitabilidad o licencia de primera utilización.
7.- Certificado de empadronamiento de/los inquilino/s en la vivienda que se alquila (presentación a posterior).
8.- Declaración responsable, de no poseer otra vivienda en los términos establecidos en el Plan de Vivienda vigente, de todos los que figuren como arrendatarios de la vivienda exista o no relación de parentesco entre ellos, así como de la unidad familiar.
9.- Declaración responsable de no existir relación de parentesco, en línea ascendente o descendente hasta el segundo grado, entre los arrendatarios y el arrendador.
1.477.- Intentada la notificación preceptiva a Dª Nabila Abdeslam Abdeslam con DNI 45091434A, sin haberla podido practicar, de conformidad con lo establecido en el artículo 59.4, de la Ley 30/19992, de 26 de noviembre, de Régimen Jurídico de las Administraciones Públicas y del Procedimiento Administrativo Común, se procede a la publicación de la notificación cuyo contenido íntegro se acompaña:
«Con relación a su escrito de fecha 20 de septiembre de 2005, por la que nos solicitaba subvención para inquilinos, le significo que, para poder atender a su petición, deberá presentar la documentación que se refleja en el anexo.
Lo que le comunico, a fin de que en el plazo de DIEZ DÍAS, a contar a partir del día siguiente a su publicación, subsane la falta o acompañe los documentos señalados, significándole que se así no lo hiciera, se le tendrá por desistido de su solicitud, previa Resolución dictada por el órgano competente, todo ello, de conformidad con lo establecido en el artículo 71 de la Ley 30/1992, de 26 de noviembre, de Régimen Jurídico de las Administraciones Públicas y del Procedimiento Administrativo Común, según la redacción dada por la Ley 4/99».
Ceuta, a 22 de mayo de 2006.- Vº Bº EL PRESIDENTE.- Fdo.: Juan Jesús Vivas Lara.- LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.- P.D. EL TÉCNICO DE ADMINISTRACIÓN GENERAL.- Fdo.: Miguel Ángel Ragel Cabezuelo.
ANEXO
DOCUMENTOS QUE SE ACOMPAÑAN A LA SOLICITUD DE AYUDA PARA INQUILINOS
1.- Acreditación del solicitante.
2.- Contrato de arrendamiento, original y fotoco-
pia.
3.- Fotocopia de la declaración de la renta, correspondiente al periodo impositivo inmediatamente anterior, con plazo de presentación ya vencido, o en el caso de no estar obligado a ello, declaración responsable de no tener ingresos o de los habidos en el periodo impositivo mencionado.
4.- Acreditación de la superficie útil de la vivienda, mediante nota simple informativa del Registro de la Propiedad, copia de la escritura o informe suscrito por técnico competente.
5.- Certificado del Servicio de Índices del Registro de la Propiedad, de todos los que figuren como arrendatarios de la vivienda, exista o no relación de parentesco entre ellos, así como el resto de componentes de la unidad familiar tenida en cuenta para el cálculo de los ingresos ponderados, acreditativo de no poseer vivienda en la ciudad.
6.- Cédula de habitabilidad o licencia de primera utilización.
7.- Certificado de empadronamiento de/los inquilino/s en la vivienda que se alquila (presentación a posterior).
8.- Declaración responsable, de no poseer otra vivienda en los términos establecidos en el Plan de Vivienda vigente, de todos los que figuren como arrendatarios de la vivienda exista o no relación de parentesco entre ellos, así como de la unidad familiar.
9.- Declaración responsable de no existir relación de parentesco, en línea ascendente o descendente hasta el segundo grado, entre los arrendatarios y el arrendador.
AUTORIDADES Y PERSONAL
CIUDAD AUTÓNOMA DE CEUTA
1.478.- La Ilma. Sra. Viceconsejera de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos, D.ª Adelaida Alvarez Rodríguez, en virtud de la delegación de la gestión de las actuaciones de la Consejería de Presidencia realizada por Decreto de fecha 24 de noviembre de 2004, por el Excmo. Sr. Consejero de Presidencia de la Ciudad, en base a las atribuciones conferidas por el Presidente de la Ciudad, al amparo del artículo 14.2 del Estatuto de Autonomía por decreto de fecha 29-032004 (B.O.C.CE. 31-03-04), y conforme a lo dispuesto en los artículos 21 de la Ley 7/85 y 24 del Real Decreto Legislativo 781/86, ha resuelto dictar con esta fecha el siguiente DECRETO
ANTECEDENTES DE HECHO
D.ª ANA MORATA DE LA FUENTE, ha superado las pruebas selectivas llevadas a cabo para la provisión de veinte plazas de ADMINISTRATIVO, mediante el sistema de Concurso-Oposición, habiendo sido seleccionada por el Tribunal Calificador.
FUNDAMENTOS JURIDICOS
La competencia en esta materia la ostenta la Ilma. Sra. Viceconsejera de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos, D.ª Adelaida Alvarez Rodríguez, en virtud del Decreto de 24 de noviembre de 2004, de la Consejería de Presidencia, por el que se le delega la gestión de las actuaciones de la Consejería de Presidencia en materia de Recursos Humanos y Formación del Personal de la Ciudad de Ceuta, teniendo delegada la competencia en cuanto a la autorización, disposición de gastos y reconocimiento de obligaciones respecto de dichas materias por Decreto de la Presidencia de 25 de noviembre de 2004.
.
La Base 12 de la convocatoria dispone que por la Viceconsejería de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos se efectuará el nombramiento de los aspirantes como funcionarios de carrera de la Ciudad Autónoma de Ceuta, mediante resolución, que se publicará en el Boletín Oficial de la Ciudad La toma de posesión de los aspirantes aprobados se efectuará en el plazo de un mes, contado desde la fecha de publicación de su nombramiento.
PARTE DISPOSITIVA
Se nombra a D.ª ANA MORATA DE LA FUENTE, con D.N.I. 45.063.542-X, como funcionario de carrera de la Ciudad de Ceuta en la plaza de ADMINISTRATIVO.
Ceuta, 18 de mayo de 2006.- LA VICECONSEJERA.LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.
1.502
1.479.- La Ilma. Sra. Viceconsejera de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos, D.ª Adelaida Alvarez Rodríguez, en virtud de la delegación de la gestión de las actuaciones de la Consejería de Presidencia realizada por Decreto de fecha 24 de noviembre de 2004 por el Excmo. Sr. Consejero de Presidencia de la Ciudad, en base a las atribuciones conferidas por el Presidente de la Ciudad, al amparo del artículo 14.2 del Estatuto de Autonomía por decreto de fecha 29-032004 (B.O.C.CE 31-03-04), y conforme a lo dispuesto en los artículos 21 de la Ley 7/85 y 24 del Real Decreto Legislativo 781/86, ha resuelto dictar con esta fecha el siguiente DECRETO
ANTECEDENTES DE HECHO
D.ª PILAR LÓPEZ SÁNCHEZ, ha superado las pruebas selectivas llevadas a cabo para la provisión de veinte plazas de ADMINISTRATIVO, mediante el sistema de Concurso-Oposición, habiendo sido seleccionada por el Tribunal Calificador.
FUNDAMENTOS JURIDICOS
La competencia en esta materia la ostenta la Ilma. Sra. Viceconsejera de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos, D.ª Adelaida Alvarez Rodríguez, en virtud del Decreto de 24 de noviembre de 2004, de la Consejería de Presidencia, por el que se le delega la gestión de las actuaciones de la Consejería de Presidencia en materia de Recursos Humanos y Formación del Personal de la Ciudad de Ceuta, teniendo delegada la competencia en cuanto a la autorización, disposición de gastos y reconocimiento de obligaciones respecto de dichas materias por Decreto de la Presidencia de 25 de noviembre de 2004.
La Base 12 de la convocatoria dispone que por la Viceconsejería de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos se efectuará el nombramiento de los aspirantes como funcionarios de carrera de la Ciudad Autónoma de Ceuta, mediante resolución, que se publicará en el Boletín Oficial de la Ciudad. La toma de posesión de los aspirantes aprobados se efectuará en el plazo de un mes, contado desde la fecha de publicación de su nombramiento.
PARTE DISPOSITIVA
Se nombra a D.ª PILAR LÓPEZ SÁNCHEZ, con D.N.I. 45.065.210-E, como funcionario de carrera de la Ciudad de Ceuta en la plaza de ADMINISTRATIVO.
Ceuta, 18 de mayo de 2006.- LA VICECONSEJERA.LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.
1.480.- La Ilma. Sra. Viceconsejera de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos, D.ª Adelaida Alvarez Rodríguez, en virtud de la delegación de la gestión de las actuaciones de la Consejería de Presidencia realizada por Decreto de fecha 24 de noviembre de 2004 por el Excmo. Sr. Consejero de Presidencia de la Ciudad, en base a las atribuciones conferidas por el Presidente de la Ciudad, al amparo del artículo 14.2 del Estatuto de Autonomía por decreto de fecha 29-032004 (B.O.C.CE 31-03-04), y conforme a lo dispuesto en los artículos 21 de la Ley 7/85 y 24 del Real Decreto Legislativo 781/86, ha resuelto dictar con esta fecha el siguiente DECRETO
ANTECEDENTES DE HECHO
D. FERNANDO SÁEZ LARA, ha superado las pruebas selectivas llevadas a cabo para la provisión de veinte plazas de ADMINISTRATIVO, mediante el sistema de Concurso-Oposición, habiendo sido seleccionada por el Tribunal Calificador.
FUNDAMENTOS JURIDICOS
La competencia en esta materia la ostenta la Ilma. Sra. Viceconsejera de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos, D.ª Adelaida Alvarez Rodríguez, en virtud del Decreto de 24 de noviembre de 2004, de la Consejería de Presidencia, por el que se le delega la gestión de las actuaciones de la Consejería de Presidencia en materia de Recursos Humanos y Formación del Personal de la Ciudad de Ceuta, teniendo delegada la competencia en cuanto a la autorización, disposición de gastos y reconocimiento de obligaciones respecto de dichas materias por Decreto de la Presidencia de 25 de noviembre de 2004.
La Base 12 de la convocatoria dispone que por la Viceconsejería de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos se efectuará el nombramiento de los aspirantes como funcionarios de carrera de la Ciudad Autónoma de Ceuta, mediante resolución, que se publicará en el Boletín Oficial de la Ciudad. La toma de posesión de los aspirantes aprobados se efectuará en el plazo de un mes, contado desde la fecha de publicación de su nombramiento.
PARTE DISPOSITIVA
Se nombra a D. FERNANDO SÁEZ LARA, con D.N.I. 45.068.930-Q, como funcionario de carrera de la Ciudad de Ceuta en la plaza de ADMINISTRATIVO.
Ceuta, 18 de mayo de 2006.- LA VICECONSEJERA.LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.
1.481.- La Ilma. Sra. Viceconsejera de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos, D.ª Adelaida Alvarez Rodríguez, en virtud de la delegación de la gestión de las actuaciones de la Consejería de Presidencia realizada por Decreto de fecha 24 de noviembre de 2004 por el Excmo. Sr. Consejero de Presidencia de la Ciudad, en base a las atribuciones conferidas por el Presidente de la Ciudad, al amparo del artículo 14.2 del Estatuto de Autonomía por decreto de fecha 29-032004 (B.O.C.CE 31-03-04), y conforme a lo dispuesto en los artículos 21 de la Ley 7/85 y 24 del Real Decreto Legislativo 781/86, ha resuelto dictar con esta fecha el siguiente DECRETO
ANTECEDENTES DE HECHO
D.ª M.ª EUGENIA ORTIZ HERRERO, ha superado las pruebas selectivas llevadas a cabo para la provisión de veinte plazas de ADMINISTRATIVO, mediante el sistema de Concurso-Oposición, habiendo sido seleccionada por el Tribunal Calificador.
FUNDAMENTOS JURIDICOS
La competencia en esta materia la ostenta la Ilma. Sra. Viceconsejera de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos, D.ª Adelaida Alvarez Rodríguez, en virtud del Decreto de 24 de noviembre de 2004, de la Consejería de Presidencia, por el
1.503
que se le delega la gestión de las actuaciones de la Consejería de Presidencia en materia de Recursos Humanos y Formación del Personal de la Ciudad de Ceuta, teniendo delegada la competencia en cuanto a la autorización, disposición de gastos y reconocimiento de obligaciones respecto de dichas materias por Decreto de la Presidencia de 25 de noviembre de 2004.
La Base 12 de la convocatoria dispone que por la Viceconsejería de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos se efectuará el nombramiento de los aspirantes como funcionarios de carrera de la Ciudad Autónoma de Ceuta, mediante resolución, que se publicará en el Boletín Oficial de la Ciudad. La toma de posesión de los aspirantes aprobados se efectuará en el plazo de un mes, contado desde la fecha de publicación de su nombramiento.
PARTE DISPOSITIVA
Se nombra a D.ª M.ª EUGENIA ORTIZ HERRERO, con D.N.I. 45.063.854-T, como funcionario de carrera de la Ciudad de Ceuta en la plaza de ADMINISTRATIVO. Ceuta, 18 de mayo de 2006.- LA VICECONSEJERA.LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.
1.482.- La Ilma. Sra. Viceconsejera de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos, D.ª Adelaida Alvarez Rodríguez, en virtud de la delegación de la gestión de las actuaciones de la Consejería de Presidencia realizada por Decreto de fecha 24 de noviembre de 2004 por el Excmo. Sr. Consejero de Presidencia de la Ciudad, en base a las atribuciones conferidas por el Presidente de la Ciudad, al amparo del artículo 14.2 del Estatuto de Autonomía por decreto de fecha 29-032004 (B.O.C.CE 31-03-04), y conforme a lo dispuesto en los artículos 21 de la Ley 7/85 y 24 del Real Decreto Legislativo 781/86, ha resuelto dictar con esta fecha el siguiente DECRETO
ANTECEDENTES DE HECHO
D. FRANCISCO LUIS LORDA RAMÍREZ, ha superado las pruebas selectivas llevadas a cabo para la provisión de veinte plazas de ADMINISTRATIVO, mediante el sistema de Concurso-Oposición, habiendo sido seleccionada por el Tribunal Calificador.
FUNDAMENTOS JURIDICOS
La competencia en esta materia la ostenta la Ilma. Sra. Viceconsejera de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos, D.ª Adelaida Alvarez Rodríguez, en virtud del Decreto de 24 de noviembre de 2004, de la Consejería de Presidencia, por el que se le delega la gestión de las actuaciones de la Consejería de Presidencia en materia de Recursos Humanos y Formación del Personal de la Ciudad de Ceuta, teniendo delegada la competencia en cuanto a la autorización, disposición de gastos y reconocimiento de obligaciones respecto de dichas materias por Decreto de la Presidencia de 25 de noviembre de 2004.
La Base 12 de la convocatoria dispone que por la Viceconsejería de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos se efectuará el nombramiento de los aspirantes como funcionarios de carrera de la Ciudad Autónoma de Ceuta, mediante resolución, que se publicará en el Boletín Oficial de la Ciudad. La toma de posesión de los aspirantes aprobados se efectuará en el plazo de un mes, contado desde la fecha de publicación de su nombramiento.
PARTE DISPOSITIVA
Se nombra a D. FRANCISCO LUIS LORDA RAMÍREZ, con D.N.I. 45.059.725-B, como funcionario de carrera de la Ciudad de Ceuta en la plaza de ADMINISTRATIVO.
Ceuta, 18 de mayo de 2006.- LA VICECONSEJERA.LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.
1.483.- La Ilma. Sra. Viceconsejera de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos, D.ª Adelaida Alvarez Rodríguez, en virtud de la delegación de la gestión de las actuaciones de la Consejería de Presidencia realizada por Decreto de fecha 24 de noviembre de 2004 por el Excmo. Sr. Consejero de Presidencia de la Ciudad, en base a las atribuciones conferidas por el Presidente de la Ciudad, al amparo del artículo 14.2 del Estatuto de Autonomía por decreto de fecha 29-032004 (B.O.C.CE 31-03-04), y conforme a lo dispuesto en los artículos 21 de la Ley 7/85 y 24 del Real Decreto Legislativo 781/86, ha resuelto dictar con esta fecha el siguiente DECRETO
ANTECEDENTES DE HECHO
D.ª MERCEDES GALERA DÍAZ, ha superado las pruebas selectivas llevadas a cabo para la provisión de veinte plazas de ADMINISTRATIVO, mediante el sistema de Concurso-Oposición, habiendo sido seleccionada por el Tribunal Calificador.
FUNDAMENTOS JURIDICOS
La competencia en esta materia la ostenta la Ilma. Sra. Viceconsejera de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos, D.ª Adelaida Alvarez Rodríguez, en virtud del Decreto de 24 de noviembre de 2004, de la Consejería de Presidencia, por el que se le delega la gestión de las actuaciones de la Consejería de Presidencia en materia de Recursos Humanos y Formación del Personal de la Ciudad de Ceuta, teniendo delegada la competencia en cuanto a la autorización, disposición de gastos y reconocimiento de obligaciones respecto de dichas materias por Decreto de la Presidencia de 25 de noviembre de 2004.
La Base 12 de la convocatoria dispone que por la Viceconsejería de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos se efectuará el nombramiento de los aspirantes como funcionarios de carrera de la Ciudad Autónoma de Ceuta, mediante resolución, que se publicará en el Boletín Oficial de la Ciudad. La toma de posesión de los aspirantes aprobados se efectuará en el plazo de un mes, contado desde la fecha de publicación de su nombramiento.
PARTE DISPOSITIVA
Se nombra a D.ª MERCEDES GALERA DÍAZ, con D.N.I. 25.956.049-C, como funcionario de carrera de la Ciudad de Ceuta en la plaza de ADMINISTRATIVO.
Ceuta, 18 de mayo de 2006.- LA VICECONSEJERA.LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.
1.484.- La Ilma. Sra. Viceconsejera de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos, D.ª Adelaida Alvarez Rodríguez, en virtud de la delegación de la gestión de las actuaciones de la Consejería de Presidencia realizada por Decreto de fecha
24 de noviembre de 2004 por el Excmo. Sr. Consejero de Presidencia de la Ciudad, en base a las atribuciones conferidas por el Presidente de la Ciudad, al amparo del artículo 14.2 del Estatuto de Autonomía por decreto de fecha 29-032004 (B.O.C.CE 31-03-04), y conforme a lo dispuesto en los artículos 21 de la Ley 7/85 y 24 del Real Decreto Legislativo 781/86, ha resuelto dictar con esta fecha el siguiente DECRETO
ANTECEDENTES DE HECHO
D. JOSÉ MARÍA GUERRERO PEREZ, ha superado las pruebas selectivas llevadas a cabo para la provisión de veinte plazas de ADMINISTRATIVO, mediante el sistema de Concurso-Oposición, habiendo sido seleccionada por el Tribunal Calificador.
FUNDAMENTOS JURIDICOS
La competencia en esta materia la ostenta la Ilma. Sra. Viceconsejera de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos, D.ª Adelaida Alvarez Rodríguez, en virtud del Decreto de 24 de noviembre de 2004, de la Consejería de Presidencia, por el que se le delega la gestión de las actuaciones de la Consejería de Presidencia en materia de Recursos Humanos y Formación del Personal de la Ciudad de Ceuta, teniendo delegada la competencia en cuanto a la autorización, disposición de gastos y reconocimiento de obligaciones respecto de dichas materias por Decreto de la Presidencia de 25 de noviembre de 2004.
La Base 12 de la convocatoria dispone que por la Viceconsejería de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos se efectuará el nombramiento de los aspirantes como funcionarios de carrera de la Ciudad Autónoma de Ceuta, mediante resolución, que se publicará en el Boletín Oficial de la Ciudad. La toma de posesión de los aspirantes aprobados se efectuará en el plazo de un mes, contado desde la fecha de publicación de su nombramiento.
PARTE DISPOSITIVA
Se nombra a D. JOSÉ MARÍA GUERRERO PEREA, con D.N.I. 45.062.142-J, como funcionario de carrera de la Ciudad de Ceuta en la plaza de ADMINISTRATIVO.
Ceuta, 18 de mayo de 2006.- LA VICECONSEJERA.LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.
1.485.- La Ilma. Sra. Viceconsejera de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos, D.ª Adelaida Alvarez Rodríguez, en virtud de la delegación de la gestión de las actuaciones de la Consejería de Presidencia realizada por Decreto de fecha 24 de noviembre de 2004 por el Excmo. Sr. Consejero de Presidencia de la Ciudad, en base a las atribuciones conferidas por el Presidente de la Ciudad, al amparo del artículo 14.2 del Estatuto de Autonomía por decreto de fecha 29-032004 (B.O.C.CE 31-03-04), y conforme a lo dispuesto en los artículos 21 de la Ley 7/85 y 24 del Real Decreto Legislativo 781/86, ha resuelto dictar con esta fecha el siguiente DECRETO
ANTECEDENTES DE HECHO
D. JOSÉ MARÍA CARMONA ALMAGRO, ha superado las pruebas selectivas llevadas a cabo para la provisión de veinte plazas de ADMINISTRATIVO, mediante el sistema de Concurso-Oposición, habiendo sido seleccionada por el Tribunal Calificador.
FUNDAMENTOS JURIDICOS
La competencia en esta materia la ostenta la Ilma. Sra. Viceconsejera de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos, D.ª Adelaida Alvarez Rodríguez, en virtud del Decreto de 24 de noviembre de 2004, de la Consejería de Presidencia, por el que se le delega la gestión de las actuaciones de la Consejería de Presidencia en materia de Recursos Humanos y Formación del Personal de la Ciudad de Ceuta, teniendo delegada la competencia en cuanto a la autorización, disposición de gastos y reconocimiento de obligaciones respecto de dichas materias por Decreto de la Presidencia de 25 de noviembre de 2004.
La Base 12 de la convocatoria dispone que por la Viceconsejería de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos se efectuará el nombramiento de los aspirantes como funcionarios de carrera de la Ciudad Autónoma de Ceuta, mediante resolución, que se publicará en el Boletín Oficial de la Ciudad. La toma de posesión de los aspirantes aprobados se efectuará en el plazo de un mes, contado desde la fecha de publicación de su nombramiento.
PARTE DISPOSITIVA
Se nombra a D. JOSÉ MARÍA CARMONA ALMAGRO con D.N.I. 45.060.609-K, como funcionario de carrera de la Ciudad de Ceuta en la plaza de ADMINISTRATIVO.
Ceuta, 18 de mayo de 2006.- LA VICECONSEJERA.LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.
1.486.- La Ilma. Sra. Viceconsejera de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos, D.ª Adelaida Alvarez Rodríguez, en virtud de la delegación de la gestión de las actuaciones de la Consejería de Presidencia realizada por Decreto de fecha 24 de noviembre de 2004 por el Excmo. Sr. Consejero de Presidencia de la Ciudad, en base a las atribuciones conferidas por el Presidente de la Ciudad, al amparo del artículo 14.2 del Estatuto de Autonomía por decreto de fecha 29-032004 (B.O.C.CE 31-03-04), y conforme a lo dispuesto en los artículos 21 de la Ley 7/85 y 24 del Real Decreto Legislativo 781/86, ha resuelto dictar con esta fecha el siguiente DECRETO
ANTECEDENTES DE HECHO
D. ANTONIO MANTAS PANEQUE, ha superado las pruebas selectivas llevadas a cabo para la provisión de veinte plazas de ADMINISTRATIVO, mediante el sistema de Concurso-Oposición, habiendo sido seleccionada por el Tribunal Calificador.
FUNDAMENTOS JURIDICOS
La competencia en esta materia la ostenta la Ilma. Sra. Viceconsejera de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos, D.ª Adelaida Alvarez Rodríguez, en virtud del Decreto de 24 de noviembre de 2004, de la Consejería de Presidencia, por el que se le delega la gestión de las actuaciones de la Consejería de Presidencia en materia de Recursos Humanos y Forma-
1.505
ción del Personal de la Ciudad de Ceuta, teniendo delegada la competencia en cuanto a la autorización, disposición de gastos y reconocimiento de obligaciones respecto de dichas materias por Decreto de la Presidencia de 25 de noviembre de 2004.
La Base 12 de la convocatoria dispone que por la Viceconsejería de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos se efectuará el nombramiento de los aspirantes como funcionarios de carrera de la Ciudad Autónoma de Ceuta, mediante resolución, que se publicará en el Boletín Oficial de la Ciudad. La toma de posesión de los aspirantes aprobados se efectuará en el plazo de un mes, contado desde la fecha de publicación de su nombramiento.
PARTE DISPOSITIVA
Se nombra a D. ANTONIO MANTAS PANEQUE con D.N.I. 45.063.241-P, como funcionario de carrera de la Ciudad de Ceuta en la plaza de ADMINISTRATIVO.
Ceuta, 18 de mayo de 2006.- LA VICECONSEJERA.LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.
1.487.- La Ilma. Sra. Viceconsejera de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos, D.ª Adelaida Alvarez Rodríguez, en virtud de la delegación de la gestión de las actuaciones de la Consejería de Presidencia realizada por Decreto de fecha 24 de noviembre de 2004 por el Excmo. Sr. Consejero de Presidencia de la Ciudad, en base a las atribuciones conferidas por el Presidente de la Ciudad, al amparo del artículo 14.2 del Estatuto de Autonomía por decreto de fecha 29-032004 (B.O.C.CE 31-03-04), y conforme a lo dispuesto en los artículos 21 de la Ley 7/85 y 24 del Real Decreto Legislativo 781/86, ha resuelto dictar con esta fecha el siguiente DECRETO
ANTECEDENTES DE HECHO
D. RAMÓN GONZÁLEZ ÁLVAREZ, ha superado las pruebas selectivas llevadas a cabo para la provisión de veinte plazas de ADMINISTRATIVO, mediante el sistema de Concurso-Oposición, habiendo sido seleccionada por el Tribunal Calificador.
FUNDAMENTOS JURIDICOS
La competencia en esta materia la ostenta la Ilma. Sra. Viceconsejera de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos, D.ª Adelaida Alvarez Rodríguez, en virtud del Decreto de 24 de noviembre de 2004, de la Consejería de Presidencia, por el que se le delega la gestión de las actuaciones de la Consejería de Presidencia en materia de Recursos Humanos y Formación del Personal de la Ciudad de Ceuta, teniendo delegada la competencia en cuanto a la autorización, disposición de gastos y reconocimiento de obligaciones respecto de dichas materias por Decreto de la Presidencia de 25 de noviembre de 2004.
La Base 12 de la convocatoria dispone que por la Viceconsejería de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos se efectuará el nombramiento de los aspirantes como funcionarios de carrera de la Ciudad Autónoma de Ceuta, mediante resolución, que se publicará en el Boletín Oficial de la Ciudad. La toma de posesión de los aspirantes aprobados se efectuará en el plazo de un mes, contado desde la fecha de publicación de su nombramiento.
PARTE DISPOSITIVA
Se nombra a D. RAMÓN GONZÁLEZ ÁLVAREZ con D.N.I. 45.057.355-X, como funcionario de carrera de la Ciudad de Ceuta en la plaza de ADMINISTRATIVO.
Ceuta, 18 de mayo de 2006.- LA VICECONSEJERA.- LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.
1.488.- La Ilma. Sra. Viceconsejera de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos, D.ª Adelaida Alvarez Rodríguez, en virtud de la delegación de la gestión de las actuaciones de la Consejería de Presidencia realizada por Decreto de fecha 24 de noviembre de 2004 por el Excmo. Sr. Consejero de Presidencia de la Ciudad, en base a las atribuciones conferidas por el Presidente de la Ciudad, al amparo del artículo 14.2 del Estatuto de Autonomía por decreto de fecha 29-032004 (B.O.C.CE 31-03-04), y conforme a lo dispuesto en los artículos 21 de la Ley 7/85 y 24 del Real Decreto Legislativo 781/86, ha resuelto dictar con esta fecha el siguiente DECRETO
ANTECEDENTES DE HECHO
D. JOSÉ ANTONIO LARA AYALA, ha superado las pruebas selectivas llevadas a cabo para la provisión de veinte plazas de ADMINISTRATIVO, mediante el sistema de Concurso-Oposición, habiendo sido seleccionada por el Tribunal Calificador.
FUNDAMENTOS JURIDICOS
La competencia en esta materia la ostenta la Ilma. Sra. Viceconsejera de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos, D.ª Adelaida Alvarez Rodríguez, en virtud del Decreto de 24 de noviembre de 2004, de la Consejería de Presidencia, por el que se le delega la gestión de las actuaciones de la Consejería de Presidencia en materia de Recursos Humanos y Formación del Personal de la Ciudad de Ceuta, teniendo delegada la competencia en cuanto a la autorización, disposición de gastos y reconocimiento de obligaciones respecto de dichas materias por Decreto de la Presidencia de 25 de noviembre de 2004.
La Base 12 de la convocatoria dispone que por la Viceconsejería de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos se efectuará el nombramiento de los aspirantes como funcionarios de carrera de la Ciudad Autónoma de Ceuta, mediante resolución, que se publicará en el Boletín Oficial de la Ciudad. La toma de posesión de los aspirantes aprobados se efectuará en el plazo de un mes, contado desde la fecha de publicación de su nombramiento.
PARTE DISPOSITIVA
Se nombra a D. JOSÉ ANTONIO LARA AYALA con D.N.I. 45.059.504-C, como funcionario de carrera de la Ciudad de Ceuta en la plaza de ADMINISTRATIVO.
Ceuta, 18 de mayo de 2006.- LA VICECONSEJERA.LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.
1.489.- La Ilma. Sra. Viceconsejera de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos, D.ª Adelaida Alvarez Rodríguez, en virtud de la delegación de la gestión de las actuaciones de la Consejería de Presidencia realizada por Decreto de fecha 24 de noviembre de 2004 por el Excmo. Sr. Consejero de Presidencia de la Ciudad, en base a las atribuciones conferi-
1.506
das por el Presidente de la Ciudad, al amparo del artículo 14.2 del Estatuto de Autonomía por decreto de fecha 29-032004 (B.O.C.CE 31-03-04), y conforme a lo dispuesto en los artículos 21 de la Ley 7/85 y 24 del Real Decreto Legislativo 781/86, ha resuelto dictar con esta fecha el siguiente DECRETO
ANTECEDENTES DE HECHO
D.ª INMACULADA SÁNCHEZ BERNAL, ha superado las pruebas selectivas llevadas a cabo para la provisión de veinte plazas de ADMINISTRATIVO, mediante el sistema de Concurso-Oposición, habiendo sido seleccionada por el Tribunal Calificador.
FUNDAMENTOS JURIDICOS
La competencia en esta materia la ostenta la Ilma. Sra. Viceconsejera de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos, D.ª Adelaida Alvarez Rodríguez, en virtud del Decreto de 24 de noviembre de 2004, de la Consejería de Presidencia, por el que se le delega la gestión de las actuaciones de la Consejería de Presidencia en materia de Recursos Humanos y Formación del Personal de la Ciudad de Ceuta, teniendo delegada la competencia en cuanto a la autorización, disposición de gastos y reconocimiento de obligaciones respecto de dichas materias por Decreto de la Presidencia de 25 de noviembre de 2004.
La Base 12 de la convocatoria dispone que por la Viceconsejería de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos se efectuará el nombramiento de los aspirantes como funcionarios de carrera de la Ciudad Autónoma de Ceuta, mediante resolución, que se publicará en el Boletín Oficial de la Ciudad. La toma de posesión de los aspirantes aprobados se efectuará en el plazo de un mes, contado desde la fecha de publicación de su nombramiento.
PARTE DISPOSITIVA
Se nombra a D.ª INMACULADA SÁNCHEZ BERNAL con D.N.I. 45.067.780-Q, como funcionario de carrera de la Ciudad de Ceuta en la plaza de ADMINISTRATIVO.
Ceuta, 18 de mayo de 2006.- LA VICECONSEJERA.LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.
1.490.- La Ilma. Sra. Viceconsejera de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos, D.ª Adelaida Alvarez Rodríguez, en virtud de la delegación de la gestión de las actuaciones de la Consejería de Presidencia realizada por Decreto de fecha 24 de noviembre de 2004 por el Excmo. Sr. Consejero de Presidencia de la Ciudad, en base a las atribuciones conferidas por el Presidente de la Ciudad, al amparo del artículo 14.2 del Estatuto de Autonomía por decreto de fecha 29-032004 (B.O.C.CE 31-03-04), y conforme a lo dispuesto en los artículos 21 de la Ley 7/85 y 24 del Real Decreto Legislativo 781/86, ha resuelto dictar con esta fecha el siguiente DECRETO
ANTECEDENTES DE HECHO
D. FRANCISCO MUÑOZ DICK, ha superado las pruebas selectivas llevadas a cabo para la provisión de veinte plazas de ADMINISTRATIVO, mediante el sistema de Concurso-Oposición, habiendo sido seleccionada por el Tribunal Calificador.
FUNDAMENTOS JURIDICOS
La competencia en esta materia la ostenta la Ilma. Sra. Viceconsejera de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos, D.ª Adelaida Alvarez Rodríguez, en virtud del Decreto de 24 de noviembre de 2004, de la Consejería de Presidencia, por el que se le delega la gestión de las actuaciones de la Consejería de Presidencia en materia de Recursos Humanos y Formación del Personal de la Ciudad de Ceuta, teniendo delegada la competencia en cuanto a la autorización, disposición de gastos y reconocimiento de obligaciones respecto de dichas materias por Decreto de la Presidencia de 25 de noviembre de 2004.
La Base 12 de la convocatoria dispone que por la Viceconsejería de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos se efectuará el nombramiento de los aspirantes como funcionarios de carrera de la Ciudad Autónoma de Ceuta, mediante resolución, que se publicará en el Boletín Oficial de la Ciudad. La toma de posesión de los aspirantes aprobados se efectuará en el plazo de un mes, contado desde la fecha de publicación de su nombramiento.
PARTE DISPOSITIVA
Se nombra a D. FRANCISCO MUÑOZ DICK con D.N.I. 45.061.881-M, como funcionario de carrera de la Ciudad de Ceuta en la plaza de ADMINISTRATIVO.
Ceuta, 18 de mayo de 2006.- LA VICECONSEJERA.- LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.
1.491.- La Ilma. Sra. Viceconsejera de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos, D.ª Adelaida Alvarez Rodríguez, en virtud de la delegación de la gestión de las actuaciones de la Consejería de Presidencia realizada por Decreto de fecha 24 de noviembre de 2004 por el Excmo. Sr. Consejero de Presidencia de la Ciudad, en base a las atribuciones conferidas por el Presidente de la Ciudad, al amparo del artículo 14.2 del Estatuto de Autonomía por decreto de fecha 29-032004 (B.O.C.CE 31-03-04), y conforme a lo dispuesto en los artículos 21 de la Ley 7/85 y 24 del Real Decreto Legislativo 781/86, ha resuelto dictar con esta fecha el siguiente DECRETO
ANTECEDENTES DE HECHO
D. ALFONSO GUTIÉRREZ CEJUDO, ha superado las pruebas selectivas llevadas a cabo para la provisión de veinte plazas de ADMINISTRATIVO, mediante el sistema de Concurso-Oposición, habiendo sido seleccionada por el Tribunal Calificador.
FUNDAMENTOS JURIDICOS
La competencia en esta materia la ostenta la Ilma. Sra. Viceconsejera de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos, D.ª Adelaida Alvarez Rodríguez, en virtud del Decreto de 24 de noviembre de 2004, de la Consejería de Presidencia, por el que se le delega la gestión de las actuaciones de la Consejería de Presidencia en materia de Recursos Humanos y Formación del Personal de la Ciudad de Ceuta, teniendo delegada la competencia en cuanto a la autorización, disposición de gastos y reconocimiento de obligaciones respecto de dichas materias por Decreto de la Presidencia de 25 de noviembre de 2004.
1.507
La Base 12 de la convocatoria dispone que por la Viceconsejería de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos se efectuará el nombramiento de los aspirantes como funcionarios de carrera de la Ciudad Autónoma de Ceuta, mediante resolución, que se publicará en el Boletín Oficial de la Ciudad. La toma de posesión de los aspirantes aprobados se efectuará en el plazo de un mes, contado desde la fecha de publicación de su nombramiento.
PARTE DISPOSITIVA
Se nombra a D. ALFONSO GUTIÉRREZ CEJUDO con D.N.I. 45.052.750-M, como funcionario de carrera de la Ciudad de Ceuta en la plaza de ADMINISTRATIVO.
Ceuta, 18 de mayo de 2006.- LA VICECONSEJERA.- LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.
1.492.- La Ilma. Sra. Viceconsejera de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos, D.ª Adelaida Alvarez Rodríguez, en virtud de la delegación de la gestión de las actuaciones de la Consejería de Presidencia realizada por Decreto de fecha 24 de noviembre de 2004 por el Excmo. Sr. Consejero de Presidencia de la Ciudad, en base a las atribuciones conferidas por el Presidente de la Ciudad, al amparo del artículo 14.2 del Estatuto de Autonomía por decreto de fecha 29-032004 (B.O.C.CE 31-03-04), y conforme a lo dispuesto en los artículos 21 de la Ley 7/85 y 24 del Real Decreto Legislativo 781/86, ha resuelto dictar con esta fecha el siguiente DECRETO
ANTECEDENTES DE HECHO
D.ª M.ª ANTONIA RAGEL CHAVES, ha superado las pruebas selectivas llevadas a cabo para la provisión de veinte plazas de ADMINISTRATIVO, mediante el sistema de Concurso-Oposición, habiendo sido seleccionada por el Tribunal Calificador.
FUNDAMENTOS JURIDICOS
La competencia en esta materia la ostenta la Ilma. Sra. Viceconsejera de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos, D.ª Adelaida Alvarez Rodríguez, en virtud del Decreto de 24 de noviembre de 2004, de la Consejería de Presidencia, por el que se le delega la gestión de las actuaciones de la Consejería de Presidencia en materia de Recursos Humanos y Formación del Personal de la Ciudad de Ceuta, teniendo delegada la competencia en cuanto a la autorización, disposición de gastos y reconocimiento de obligaciones respecto de dichas materias por Decreto de la Presidencia de 25 de noviembre de 2004.
La Base 12 de la convocatoria dispone que por la Viceconsejería de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos se efectuará el nombramiento de los aspirantes como funcionarios de carrera de la Ciudad Autónoma de Ceuta, mediante resolución, que se publicará en el Boletín Oficial de la Ciudad. La toma de posesión de los aspirantes aprobados se efectuará en el plazo de un mes, contado desde la fecha de publicación de su nombramiento.
PARTE DISPOSITIVA
Se nombra a D.ª M.ª ANTONIO RAGEL CHAVES con D.N.I. 45.059.234-A, como funcionario de carrera de la Ciudad de Ceuta en la plaza de ADMINISTRATIVO.
Ceuta, 18 de mayo de 2006.- LA VICECONSEJERA.- LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.
1.493.- La Ilma. Sra. Viceconsejera de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos, D.ª Adelaida Alvarez Rodríguez, en virtud de la delegación de la gestión de las actuaciones de la Consejería de Presidencia realizada por Decreto de fecha 24 de noviembre de 2004 por el Excmo. Sr. Consejero de Presidencia de la Ciudad, en base a las atribuciones conferidas por el Presidente de la Ciudad, al amparo del artículo 14.2 del Estatuto de Autonomía por decreto de fecha 29-032004 (B.O.C.CE 31-03-04), y conforme a lo dispuesto en los artículos 21 de la Ley 7/85 y 24 del Real Decreto Legislativo 781/86, ha resuelto dictar con esta fecha el siguiente DECRETO
ANTECEDENTES DE HECHO
D.ª NIEVES LÓPEZ GARCÍA, ha superado las pruebas selectivas llevadas a cabo para la provisión de veinte plazas de ADMINISTRATIVO, mediante el sistema de Concurso-Oposición, habiendo sido seleccionada por el Tribunal Calificador.
FUNDAMENTOS JURIDICOS
La competencia en esta materia la ostenta la Ilma. Sra. Viceconsejera de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos, D.ª Adelaida Alvarez Rodríguez, en virtud del Decreto de 24 de noviembre de 2004, de la Consejería de Presidencia, por el que se le delega la gestión de las actuaciones de la Consejería de Presidencia en materia de Recursos Humanos y Formación del Personal de la Ciudad de Ceuta, teniendo delegada la competencia en cuanto a la autorización, disposición de gastos y reconocimiento de obligaciones respecto de dichas materias por Decreto de la Presidencia de 25 de noviembre de 2004.
La Base 12 de la convocatoria dispone que por la Viceconsejería de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos se efectuará el nombramiento de los aspirantes como funcionarios de carrera de la Ciudad Autónoma de Ceuta, mediante resolución, que se publicará en el Boletín Oficial de la Ciudad. La toma de posesión de los aspirantes aprobados se efectuará en el plazo de un mes, contado desde la fecha de publicación de su nombramiento.
PARTE DISPOSITIVA
Se nombra a D.ª NIEVES LÓPEZ GARCÍA con D.N.I. 45.066.989-F, como funcionario de carrera de la Ciudad de Ceuta en la plaza de ADMINISTRATIVO.
Ceuta, 18 de mayo de 2006.- LA VICECONSEJERA.- LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.
1.494.- La Ilma. Sra. Viceconsejera de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos, D.ª Adelaida Alvarez Rodríguez, en virtud de la delegación de la gestión de las actuaciones de la Consejería de Presidencia realizada por Decreto de fecha 24 de noviembre de 2004 por el Excmo. Sr. Consejero de Presidencia de la Ciudad, en base a las atribuciones conferidas por el Presidente de la Ciudad, al amparo del artículo 14.2 del Estatuto de Autonomía por decreto de fecha 29-032004 (B.O.C.CE 31-03-04), y conforme a lo dispuesto en los artículos 21 de la Ley 7/85 y 24 del Real Decreto Legislativo 781/86, ha resuelto dictar con esta fecha el siguiente DECRETO
1.508
ANTECEDENTES DE HECHO
D.ª M.ª PILAR PÉREZ CANTIZANO, ha superado las pruebas selectivas llevadas a cabo para la provisión de veinte plazas de ADMINISTRATIVO, mediante el sistema de Concurso-Oposición, habiendo sido seleccionada por el Tribunal Calificador.
FUNDAMENTOS JURIDICOS
La competencia en esta materia la ostenta la Ilma. Sra. Viceconsejera de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos, D.ª Adelaida Alvarez Rodríguez, en virtud del Decreto de 24 de noviembre de 2004, de la Consejería de Presidencia, por el que se le delega la gestión de las actuaciones de la Consejería de Presidencia en materia de Recursos Humanos y Formación del Personal de la Ciudad de Ceuta, teniendo delegada la competencia en cuanto a la autorización, disposición de gastos y reconocimiento de obligaciones respecto de dichas materias por Decreto de la Presidencia de 25 de noviembre de 2004.
La Base 12 de la convocatoria dispone que por la Viceconsejería de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos se efectuará el nombramiento de los aspirantes como funcionarios de carrera de la Ciudad Autónoma de Ceuta, mediante resolución, que se publicará en el Boletín Oficial de la Ciudad. La toma de posesión de los aspirantes aprobados se efectuará en el plazo de un mes, contado desde la fecha de publicación de su nombramiento.
PARTE DISPOSITIVA
Se nombra a D.ª M.ª PILAR PÉREZ CANTIZANO con D.N.I. 45.065.381-D, como funcionario de carrera de la Ciudad de Ceuta en la plaza de ADMINISTRATIVO.
Ceuta, 18 de mayo de 2006.- LA VICECONSEJERA.- LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.
1.495.- La Ilma. Sra. Viceconsejera de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos, D.ª Adelaida Alvarez Rodríguez, en virtud de la delegación de la gestión de las actuaciones de la Consejería de Presidencia realizada por Decreto de fecha 24 de noviembre de 2004 por el Excmo. Sr. Consejero de Presidencia de la Ciudad, en base a las atribuciones conferidas por el Presidente de la Ciudad, al amparo del artículo 14.2 del Estatuto de Autonomía por decreto de fecha 29-032004 (B.O.C.CE 31-03-04), y conforme a lo dispuesto en los artículos 21 de la Ley 7/85 y 24 del Real Decreto Legislativo 781/86, ha resuelto dictar con esta fecha el siguiente DECRETO
ANTECEDENTES DE HECHO
D.ª M.ª LUZ PLEGUEZUELOS TEODORO, ha superado las pruebas selectivas llevadas a cabo para la provisión de veinte plazas de ADMINISTRATIVO, mediante el sistema de Concurso-Oposición, habiendo sido seleccionada por el Tribunal Calificador.
FUNDAMENTOS JURIDICOS
La competencia en esta materia la ostenta la Ilma. Sra. Viceconsejera de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos, D.ª Adelaida Alvarez Rodríguez, en virtud del Decreto de 24 de noviembre de 2004, de la Consejería de Presidencia, por el
que se le delega la gestión de las actuaciones de la Consejería de Presidencia en materia de Recursos Humanos y Formación del Personal de la Ciudad de Ceuta, teniendo delegada la competencia en cuanto a la autorización, disposición de gastos y reconocimiento de obligaciones respecto de dichas materias por Decreto de la Presidencia de 25 de noviembre de 2004.
La Base 12 de la convocatoria dispone que por la Viceconsejería de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos se efectuará el nombramiento de los aspirantes como funcionarios de carrera de la Ciudad Autónoma de Ceuta, mediante resolución, que se publicará en el Boletín Oficial de la Ciudad. La toma de posesión de los aspirantes aprobados se efectuará en el plazo de un mes, contado desde la fecha de publicación de su nombramiento.
PARTE DISPOSITIVA
Se nombra a D.ª M.ª LUZ PLEGUEZUELOS TEODORO con D.N.I. 45.059.670-W, como funcionario de carrera de la Ciudad de Ceuta en la plaza de ADMINISTRATIVO.
Ceuta, 18 de mayo de 2006.- LA VICECONSEJERA.- LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.
1.496.- La Ilma. Sra. Viceconsejera de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos, D.ª Adelaida Alvarez Rodríguez, en virtud de la delegación de la gestión de las actuaciones de la Consejería de Presidencia realizada por Decreto de fecha 24 de noviembre de 2004 por el Excmo. Sr. Consejero de Presidencia de la Ciudad, en base a las atribuciones conferidas por el Presidente de la Ciudad, al amparo del artículo 14.2 del Estatuto de Autonomía por decreto de fecha 29-032004 (B.O.C.CE 31-03-04), y conforme a lo dispuesto en los artículos 21 de la Ley 7/85 y 24 del Real Decreto Legislativo 781/86, ha resuelto dictar con esta fecha el siguiente DECRETO
ANTECEDENTES DE HECHO
D.ª ROSA MARÍA MARTÍNEZ MEDINA, ha superado las pruebas selectivas llevadas a cabo para la provisión de veinte plazas de ADMINISTRATIVO, mediante el sistema de Concurso-Oposición, habiendo sido seleccionada por el Tribunal Calificador.
FUNDAMENTOS JURIDICOS
La competencia en esta materia la ostenta la Ilma. Sra. Viceconsejera de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos, D.ª Adelaida Alvarez Rodríguez, en virtud del Decreto de 24 de noviembre de 2004, de la Consejería de Presidencia, por el que se le delega la gestión de las actuaciones de la Consejería de Presidencia en materia de Recursos Humanos y Formación del Personal de la Ciudad de Ceuta, teniendo delegada la competencia en cuanto a la autorización, disposición de gastos y reconocimiento de obligaciones respecto de dichas materias por Decreto de la Presidencia de 25 de noviembre de 2004.
La Base 12 de la convocatoria dispone que por la Viceconsejería de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos se efectuará el nombramiento de los aspirantes como funcionarios de carrera de la Ciudad Autónoma de Ceuta, mediante resolución, que se publicará en el Boletín Oficial de la Ciudad. La toma de posesión de los aspirantes aprobados se efectuará en el plazo de un mes, contado desde la fecha de publicación de su nombramiento.
1.509
PARTE DISPOSITIVA
Se nombra a D. ROSA MARÍA MARTÍNEZ MEDINA con D.N.I. 45.067.275-V, como funcionario de carrera de la Ciudad de Ceuta en la plaza de ADMINISTRATIVO.
Ceuta, 18 de mayo de 2006.- LA VICECONSEJERA.- LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.
1.497.- La Ilma. Sra. Viceconsejera de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos, D.ª Adelaida Alvarez Rodríguez, en virtud de la delegación de la gestión de las actuaciones de la Consejería de Presidencia realizada por Decreto de fecha 24 de noviembre de 2004 por el Excmo. Sr. Consejero de Presidencia de la Ciudad, en base a las atribuciones conferidas por el Presidente de la Ciudad, al amparo del artículo 14.2 del Estatuto de Autonomía por decreto de fecha 29-032004 (B.O.C.CE 31-03-04), y conforme a lo dispuesto en los artículos 21 de la Ley 7/85 y 24 del Real Decreto Legislativo 781/86, ha resuelto dictar con esta fecha el siguiente DECRETO
ANTECEDENTES DE HECHO
D. JOSÉ URBANO LÓPEZ CANTO, ha superado las pruebas selectivas llevadas a cabo para la provisión de veinte plazas de ADMINISTRATIVO, mediante el sistema de Concurso-Oposición, habiendo sido seleccionada por el Tribunal Calificador.
FUNDAMENTOS JURIDICOS
La competencia en esta materia la ostenta la Ilma. Sra. Viceconsejera de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos, D.ª Adelaida Alvarez Rodríguez, en virtud del Decreto de 24 de noviembre de 2004, de la Consejería de Presidencia, por el que se le delega la gestión de las actuaciones de la Consejería de Presidencia en materia de Recursos Humanos y Formación del Personal de la Ciudad de Ceuta, teniendo delegada la competencia en cuanto a la autorización, disposición de gastos y reconocimiento de obligaciones respecto de dichas materias por Decreto de la Presidencia de 25 de noviembre de 2004.
La Base 12 de la convocatoria dispone que por la Viceconsejería de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos se efectuará el nombramiento de los aspirantes como funcionarios de carrera de la Ciudad Autónoma de Ceuta, mediante resolución, que se publicará en el Boletín Oficial de la Ciudad. La toma de posesión de los aspirantes aprobados se efectuará en el plazo de un mes, contado desde la fecha de publicación de su nombramiento.
PARTE DISPOSITIVA
Se nombra a D. JOSÉ URBANO LÓPEZ CANTO con D.N.I. 45.060.958-W, como funcionario de carrera de la Ciudad de Ceuta en la plaza de ADMINISTRATIVO.
Ceuta, 18 de mayo de 2006.- LA VICECONSEJERA.- LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.
1.498.- La Ilma. Sra. Viceconsejera de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos, D.ª Adelaida Álvarez Rodríguez, en virtud de la delegación de la gestión de las actuaciones de la Consejería de Presidencia realizada por Decreto de fecha
24 de noviembre de 2.004 por el Excmo. Sr. Consejero de Presidencia de la Ciudad, en base a las atribuciones conferidas por el Presidente de la Ciudad, al amparo del artículo 14.2 del Estatuto de Autonomía por Decreto de fecha 29-032004 (B.O.C.CE. 31-03-04), y conforme a lo dispuesto en los artículos 21 de la ley 7/85 y 24 del Real Decreto Legislativo 781/96, ha resuelto dictar con esta fecha el siguiente
DECRETO
Redactadas las Bases para la Convocatoria para la provisión de dos plazas de Técnico Superior en Economía y Hacienda, por promoción interna mediante el sistema de concurso-oposición, correspondientes a la Oferta de Empleo Público de la Ciudad de Ceuta, para el año 2004 y 2005 han sido informadas en Mesa Negociadora a los representantes de las distintas Centrales Sindicales.
En base a lo anteriormente expuesto y en consecuencia he resuelto:
Aprobar las bases de la Convocatoria para la provisión de dos plazas de Técnico Superior en Economía y Hacienda, mediante el sistema de concurso-oposición correspondientes a la Oferta de Empleo Público de la Ciudad de Ceuta, para el año 2004 y 2005.
Ceuta, 10 de mayo de 2006.- LA VICECONSEJERA.- Doy fe.- LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.
BASES DE LA CONVOCATORIA PARA LA PROVISIÓN DE DOS PLAZAS DE TECNICO SUPERIOR EN ECONOMÍA Y HACIENDA MEDIANTE EL SISTEMA DE CONCURSO-OPOSICIÓN POR PROMOCIÓN INTERNA
1. Normas Generales.
1.1 Se convocan pruebas selectivas para cubrir dos plazas por promoción interna de Técnico Superior en Economía y Hacienda, perteneciente a la escala de Administración Especial, Subescala Técnica, Grupo A, mediante el sistema de concurso-oposición, correspondientes a la Oferta de Empleo Público de la Ciudad de Ceuta, para el año 2004 y 2005, y vacantes en la plantilla de funcionarios de la Ciudad.
1.2 El programa que ha de regir las pruebas selecti-
vas es el que figura en el Anexo I de esta Convocatoria. 1.3 A las pruebas que se establecen en esta convocatoria les serán aplicables la Ley 30/1984, de 2 de agosto, de Medidas para la Reforma de la Función Pública, modificada por la Ley 23/1988, de 28 de julio, la Ley 7/1985, de 2 de abril, Reguladora de las Bases de Régimen Local, Real Decreto 896/1991 y Real Decreto Legislativo 781/1986, de 18 de abril, Texto Refundido de las Disposiciones Legales Vigentes en materia de Régimen Local.
2. Proceso Selectivo.
2.1 Pruebas Selectivas:
La Selección de los aspirantes se realizará a través del sistema de Concurso-Oposición.
2.1.1 Fase de Concurso:
No tendrá carácter eliminatorio, ni podrá tenerse en cuenta para superar las pruebas de la fase de oposición y será previa a la misma.
En dicha fase se valorarán los méritos alegados que sean justificados documentalmente y debidamente compulsados por los aspirantes en el momento de presentar la solicitud, con arreglo al siguiente baremo:
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a. Experiencia Profesional:
Por los servicios prestados, en puestos de trabajo en cualquier Administración Pública, se otorgará 0,7 puntos por cada año trabajado hasta un máximo de veinte puntos. No se tendrán en cuenta las fracciones del mes.
b. Formación Profesional: hasta un máximo de 20 puntos.
Por la realización de cursos de formación organizados por cualquier Administración Pública u Organizaciones Sindicales relacionados con el puesto de trabajo de la presente convocatoria, se otorgará 0,25 puntos por cada 10 horas lectivas.
Por la impartición de cursos de formación organizados por cualquier Administración Pública u Organizaciones Sindicales relacionados con el puesto de trabajo de la presente convocatoria, se otorgará 0,75 puntos por cada 10 horas lectivas.
2.1.2 Fase de Oposición:
EJERCICIO ÚNICO: Consistirá en la realización de un ejercicio de carácter teórico - práctico a proponer por el Tribunal sobre las materias que componen el Anexo I de esta Convocatoria y dirigido a apreciar la capacidad de los aspirantes para llevar a cabo las tareas propias de la plaza.
2.2. La duración máxima del proceso de celebración de los ejercicios será diez meses a contar desde la fecha de publicación de la convocatoria en el BOE.
3. Condiciones de los aspirantes:
3.1 Para ser admitido a la realización de estas pruebas selectivas los aspirantes deberán reunir los siguientes requisitos:
a. Ser funcionario en servicio activo de la Ciudad de Ceuta de la Escala de Administración Especial como Técnico de Gestión Contable o Subinspector de finanzas, integrado en el Grupo B.
b. Contar con 2 años de antigüedad, como mínimo, desempeñando un puesto de trabajo de los exigidos en el apartado anterior.
c. Estar en posesión del Título de Licenciado en Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales o Derecho.
3.2 Los requisitos establecidos en esta Base deberán poseerse en el momento de finalizar el plazo de presentación de solicitudes.
4. Solicitudes:
4.1. La solicitud para tomar parte en estas pruebas selectivas que, en todo caso se ajustará al modelo oficial que figura como Anexo II de esta Resolución, será facilitada gratuitamente en el Registro General de la Ciudad de Ceuta. Las solicitudes se dirigirán a la Ilma. Sra. Viceconsejera de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos ( Plaza de África s/n, 51001, Ceuta), a las que se acompañará una fotocopia grapada del DNI.
4.1.1. El plazo de presentación de solicitudes será de 20 días naturales, contados a partir del siguiente al de la publicación de esta convocatoria en el BOE.
4.1.2. La presentación de solicitudes podrá realizarse en el Registro de la Ciudad de Ceuta (Plaza de África s/ n), 51001, Ceuta) o en la forma establecida en el art. 38.4 de la Ley de Régimen Jurídico de las Administraciones Públicas y del Procedimiento Administrativo común de 26-11-1992.
4.1.3. Los derechos de examen serán de 17,90 euros y se harán efectivos por los medios establecidos en el artículo 38.6 de la Ley 30/1992, de Régimen Jurídico de las Administraciones Públicas y del Procedimiento Administrativo Común, debiendo adjuntarse a la solicitud el resguardo acreditativo del pago de los derechos. Podrá ingresarse directamente en la cuenta corriente número (0182 - 3151 - 91 - 0200084680) del BBVA (pruebas selectivas para acceso a Técnico Superior en Economía y Hacienda, funcionario de carrera de la Ciudad de Ceuta) en cualquiera de sus oficinas, o mediante transferencia desde cualquier entidad bancaria a la citada cuenta.
En el caso de que el ingreso se haya realizado en una Oficina del BBVA, deberá figurar en la solicitud el sello de dicha entidad que justifique el referido pago.
En ningún caso, el pago por cualquiera de los medios legales utilizados por el aspirante, supondrá sustitución del trámite de presentación en tiempo y forma de la solicitud, expresado en las bases anteriores.
Estarán exentos del pago de la tasa por derechos de examen las personas con discapacidad igual o superior al 33 por 100, debiendo acompañar, a la solicitud, certificado acreditativo de tal condición (certificación de los órganos competentes del Ministerio de Trabajo y Asuntos Sociales, en su caso, de la Comunidad Autónoma correspondiente).
Estarán exentos del pago de las tasas las personas que figuran como demandante de empleo durante el plazo, al menos, de un mes, anterior a la fecha de publicación de las presente convocatoria en el «Boletín Oficial del Estado». Será requisito para el disfrute de la exención que, en el plazo de que se trate, no hubieren rechazado oferta de empleo adecuado ni se hubiesen negado a participar, salvo causa justificada, en acciones de promoción, formación o reconversión profesional y que, asimismo, carezcan de rentas superiores, en cómputo mensual, al salario mínimo interprofesional (requisitos que deberán acreditarse debidamente con la presentación de la solicitud). Asimismo se aplicará las bonificaciones previstas (50%) en la Ordenanza Fiscal Reguladora de la Tasa de Expedición de Determinados Documentos Administrativos a aquellos sujetos pasivos que acrediten ser miembro de familia numerosa.
5. Admisión de los aspirantes:
5.1 Terminado el plazo de presentación de solicitudes, la Viceconsejería de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos dictará Resolución, en el plazo máximo de un mes, declarando aprobada la lista de admitidos y excluidos de conformidad con lo previsto en el artículo 20 del Real Decreto 364/ 1995, de 10 de marzo. En dicha resolución, que deberá publicarse en el Boletín Oficial de la Ciudad de Ceuta se indicarán los lugares en que se encuentran expuestas al público las listas certificadas completas de aspirantes admitidos y excluidos, señalándose un plazo de diez días hábiles para subsanación.
En las listas deberán constar los apellidos, nombre y número del Documento Nacional de Identidad, así como en su caso las causas de exclusión.
Las reclamaciones, si las hubiere, serán aceptadas o rechazadas en la Resolución que se acepte al aprobar la lista definitiva, que será hecha pública en el Boletín Oficial de la Ciudad de Ceuta.
En la misma Resolución la Viceconsejería de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos determinará el día y lugar de constitución del Tribunal Calificador y su composición. Asimismo se hará constar el lugar donde se publicará la fecha, hora y lugar de la celebración del primer ejercicio.
Los aspirantes que, dentro del plazo señalado, no subsanarán la exclusión o aleguen la omisión, justificando su derecho a ser incluidos en la relación de admitidos serán definitivamente excluidos de la realización de la prueba.
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Contra la resolución aprobando la lista definitiva de admitidos y excluidos podrán interponerse, recurso potestativo de reposición o recurso contencioso administrativo, de acuerdo con lo previsto en la Ley 30/92, de 26 de noviembre, de Régimen Jurídico de las Administraciones Públicas y del Procedimiento Administrativo Común, en el plazo de uno o dos meses a partir del día siguiente a su publicación en el Boletín Oficial de la Ciudad de Ceuta , ante el órgano convocante u órgano competente del orden jurisdiccional contencioso administrativo respectivamente.
5.2. En todo caso, al objeto de evitar errores y, en el supuesto de producirse, para posibilitar su subsanación en tiempo y forma, los aspirantes comprobarán no sólo que no figuran recogidos en la relación de excluidos sino, además que sus nombres constan en la pertinente relación de admitidos.
5.3. Únicamente procederá la devolución de los derechos de examen a los aspirantes que hayan sido definitivamente excluidos de estas pruebas selectivas. A tal efecto el reintegro se realizará de oficio.
6. Tribunal Calificador.
6.1. El Tribunal Calificador estará compuesto por siete miembros, asistidos por un Secretario, debiendo designarse el mismo número de miembros suplentes y pudiendo actuar indistintamente cualquiera de ellos. La totalidad de los miembros deberán poseer un nivel de titulación igual o superior al exigido para el ingreso la Subescala.
6.2. De conformidad con lo establecido en el Real Decreto 896/1991, de 7 de junio, y en el Acuerdo Regulador de la Ciudad, el Tribunal calificador será el siguiente:
Presidente: Como titular y suplente, los miembros de la corporación en quien delegue el Presidente de la misma.
Secretario: Un funcionario designado por la Viceconsejería de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos, que actuará con voz pero sin voto.
Vocales: Tres vocales designados por la Corporación a través de la Viceconsejería de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos de la Ciudad. Tres vocales designados por la Junta de Personal (Art. 39 del Acuerdo Regulador).
Podrán asistir, asimismo, un observador por cada Sindicato representado en la Junta de Personal, con voz pero sin voto.
6.3. Los miembros del Tribunal están sujetos a los supuestos de abstención y recusación previstos en los artículos 28 y 29 de la Ley de Régimen Jurídico de las Administraciones Públicas y del Procedimiento Administrativo Común, no pudiendo tampoco ser nombrados miembros, colaboradores o asesores de los miembros quienes hubieran realizado tareas de preparación de aspirantes a pruebas selectivas en los cinco años anteriores a la publicación de esta Convocatoria.
6.4. El Tribunal se constituirá, como mínimo diez días antes de la realización del primer ejercicio. Para la válida constitución del Tribunal será necesaria la existencia del Presidente y del Secretario y la mitad, al menos de sus miembros titulares o suplentes.
6.5. El procedimiento de actuación del Tribunal se ajustará en todo momento a lo dispuesto en los artículos 22 a 27 de la Ley de Régimen Jurídico de las Administraciones Públicas y del Procedimiento Administrativo Común.
6.6. El Tribunal que actúe en esta prueba selectiva, a efectos de las indemnizaciones por razón de servicio en concepto de asistencias, está incluido en la categoría primera del art. 30 del Real Decreto 462/2002, de 24 de mayo.
7. Desarrollo de los ejercicios:
7.1. En cualquier momento, los órganos competentes de selección, podrán requerir a los opositores para que acrediten su identidad.
7.2. El Orden de actuación de los aspirantes se iniciará por aquellos cuyo primer apellido comience por la letra «U». En el supuesto de que no exista ningún aspirante cuyo primer apellido comience por la letra «U», el orden de actuación se iniciará por aquellos cuyo primer apellido comience por la letra «V», y así sucesivamente. Todo ello de conformidad con lo establecido en la Resolución de la Secretaria de Estado para la Administración Pública de fecha 25 de enero de 2.006.
7.3. Los aspirantes serán convocados para cada ejercicio en llamamiento único quedando decaídos en sus derechos los opositores que no comparezcan a realizarlo, salvo los casos de fuerza mayor debidamente justificados y libremente apreciados por el Tribunal.
7.4. Desde la total conclusión de un ejercicio o prueba hasta el comienzo del siguiente deberá transcurrir un mínimo de 72 horas y máximo de quince días naturales. La publicación se efectuará por el Tribunal en el Tablón de Anuncios de la Viceconsejería de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos y por cualquier otro medio, si se juzga conveniente, para facilitar su máxima divulgación con 24 horas, al menos de antelación al comienzo de éstos.
7.5. Si en cualquier momento del proceso selectivo llegara a conocimiento del Tribunal que alguno de los aspirantes no posee la totalidad de los requisitos exigidos por la presente convocatoria, previa audiencia del interesado, deberán proponer su exclusión a la Viceconsejería de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos, indicando las inexactitudes o falsedades formuladas por el aspirante en la solicitud de admisión a estas pruebas selectivas a los efectos procedentes.
8. Calificación de los ejercicios.
EJERCICIO ÚNICO: Se calificará de 0 a 60 puntos, siendo necesario obtener un mínimo de 30 puntos para superarlo.
El número de puntos que en cada uno de los ejercicios podrán ser otorgados por cada miembro del Tribunal será de 0 a 60. La puntuación de cada aspirante será la media aritmética de las calificaciones de todos los miembros del Tribunal asistente a la sesión, excepto cuando haya 18 puntos de diferencia o más entre las distintas calificaciones otorgadas por los miembros, en cuyo caso serán eliminadas la mayor y la menor de dichas calificaciones. La calificación del ejercicio se efectuará con tres decimales.
La calificación final vendrá determinada por la suma de la puntuación obtenida en las fases de concurso y oposición. No obstante, si existieran puntuaciones idénticas el orden se establecerá atendiendo a la mayor puntuación obtenida en la fase de oposición y de persistir el empate, se resolverá por la mayor puntuación obtenida en la Base 2.1.1.a.
Las calificaciones de cada fase se harán públicas en el Tablón de anuncios de la Viceconsejería de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos, así como la puntuación final.
9. Listas de aprobados:
9.1. Finalizadas las pruebas selectivas, el Tribunal hará pública, en el Tablón de anuncios del Palacio Autonómico (Viceconsejería de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos), la relación definitiva de las calificaciones, con indicación de su DNI y por orden de la puntuación alcanzada, especificándose los aspirantes que hayan resultado aprobados por obtener la mayor puntuación. Esta relación será ele-
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vada a la Viceconsejería de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos para la publicación del aspirante aprobado, en el Boletín Oficial de la Ciudad.
9.2. El Tribunal no podrá aprobar ni declarar que han superado las pruebas selectivas un número superior de aspirantes al de plazas. Cualquier propuesta de aprobados que contravenga lo establecido en esta norma, será nulo pleno derecho
9.3. Los actos que pongan fin al procedimiento selectivo deberán ser motivados. La motivación de los actos del Tribunal dictados en virtud de discrecionalidad técnica en el desarrollo de su contenido de valoración estará referida al cumplimiento de las normas reglamentarias y de las bases de la convocatoria.
10.- Presentación de Documentos:
10.1. Dentro del plazo de veinte días naturales, a contar desde el día siguiente a aquel en que se publique en el Boletín Oficial de la Ciudad la relación definitiva de aprobados, los opositores aprobados deberán presentar o remitir a la Viceconsejería de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos (Palacio Autonómico, Plaza de África, s/n, 51001 Ceuta), por alguno de los medios establecidos en el art. 38.4 de la Ley 30/ 1992, de 26 de noviembre, de Régimen Jurídico de las Administraciones Públicas y del Procedimiento Administrativo Común, los siguientes documentos:
a.- Copia, debidamente autenticada, del DNI.
b.- Fotocopia debidamente autenticado del título exigido o, en su defecto, certificación académica que acredite haber realizado todos los estudios necesarios para la obtención del título y resguardo justificado de haber solicitado su expedición.
c.- Declaración jurada o promesa de no haber sido separado mediante expediente disciplinario del servicio de ninguna Administración Pública, ni hallarse inhabilitado para el ejercicio de funciones públicas.
d.- Certificación acreditativa de no padecer enfermedad o defecto físico que imposibilite el normal ejercicio de la función.
10.2.- Ante la imposibilidad, debidamente justificada, de presentar los documentos expresados en la base anterior, podrá acreditarse que reúnen las condiciones exigidas en la convocatoria mediante cualquier medio de prueba admitido en derecho.
10.3. Quienes tuvieren la condición de funcionarios de carrera están exentos de justificador documentalmente las condiciones y demás requisitos ya probados para obtener su anterior nombramiento debiendo presentar certificado del Registro Central de Personal, Ministerio, Organismo o Corporación Local del que dependiere para acreditar tal condición.
10.4.. Quienes dentro del plazo fijado y salvo los casos de fuerza mayor no presentasen la documentación, o del examen de la misma se dedujera que carece de algunos de los requisitos señalados en la Base 3.ª, no podrán ser nombrados funcionarios y quedarán anuladas las actuaciones, sin perjuicio de la responsabilidad en que hubieran incurrido por falsedad en la solicitud de participación.
11.- Nombramiento:
Por la Viceconsejería de Presidencia y Recursos Humanos se efectuará el nombramiento de los aspirantes como funcionario de carrera de la Ciudad Autónoma de Ceuta, mediante resolución, que se publicará en el Boletín Oficial de la Ciudad. La toma de posesión de los aspirantes aprobados se efectuará en el plazo de un mes, contado desde la fecha de publicación de su nombramiento.
12. Norma Final.
Contra las presente Bases que pone fin a la vía administrativa, cabe interponer con carácter potestativo recurso de reposición en el plazo de un mes a partir de su publicación ante el órgano que las dictó, o directamente recurso contencioso administrativo ante el Juzgado de lo Contencioso Administrativo de Ceuta.
ANEXO I
1.- La Constitución Española de 1978. Principios Generales. Características y estructura.
2.- Ciudad de Ceuta: Organización estatutaria. Régimen de distribución de competencias.
3.- Ciudad de Ceuta: Régimen jurídico, económico y financiero.
4.- Reglamento de la Asamblea de Ceuta.
5.- Reglamento de la Presidencia. Reglamento del Consejo de Gobierno de la Ciudad de Ceuta.
6.- El régimen local español: Principios constitucionales y regulación jurídica.
7.- El municipio. Su organización y competencia. Regímenes especiales municipales. El técnico municipal. La población. El empadronamiento
8.- El administrado: concepto y clases. Derechos de los ciudadanos en sus relaciones con la Administración Pública.
9.- El acto administrativo. Concepto. Elementos. Clases. Requisitos. Motivación y forma.
10.- El procedimiento administrativo en general. Fases: Iniciación y ordenación.
11.- El procedimiento administrativo. Fases: instrucción y resolución.
12.- La notificación del acto administrativo. La publicación. Los registros administrativos. Términos y plazos.
13.- Los recursos administrativos: el recurso de reposición, de alzada y extraordinario de revisión
14.- La invalidez de los actos administrativos. Actos nulos y anulables
15.- La responsabilidad patrimonial de las Administraciones Públicas.
16.- La potestad sancionadora de las Administraciones Públicas.
17.- Las Ordenanzas y Reglamentos de las entidades Locales. Clases. Procedimientos de elaboración y aprobación.
18.- La función pública Local y su organización. Clases. Derechos y deberes de los funcionarios.
19.- Recursos de las Haciendas Locales. Enumeración.
20.- Ingresos de Derecho Privado.
21.- Tributos. Normas Generales.
22.- Imposición y Ordenación de Tributos locales.
23.- Impuesto de Bienes Inmuebles (I) Naturaleza, Hecho Imponible y Sujetos Pasivos.
24.- Impuesto de Bienes Inmuebles (II) Base Imponible, Base Liquidable y Deuda Tributaria.
25.- Impuesto de Bienes Inmuebles (III) Devengo y periodo impositivo, Gestión catastral y Gestión Tributaria
26.- Impuesto de Actividades Económicas (I) Naturaleza, Hecho Imponible y Sujetos Pasivos
27.- Impuesto de Actividades Económicas (II) Las tarifas y la instrucción del impuesto. Cuantificación de la deuda tributaria
28.- Impuesto de Actividades Económicas (III) Periodo Impositivo, devengo y gestión del impuesto
29.- Impuesto sobre Vehículos de Tracción Mecá- nica.
30.- Impuesto sobre Construcciones, Instalaciones y Obras.
31.- Impuesto sobre el Incremento de Valor de los Terrenos de Naturaleza Urbana.
32.- Tasas (I): Hecho Imponible y sujetos pasivos.
33.- Tasas (II): Cuantía, devengo y gestión.
34.- Contribuciones Especiales.
35.- Participaciones en los Tributos del Estado.
36.- Precios Públicos.
37.- Operaciones de Crédito.
38.- El Presupuesto: Concepto y contenido.
39.- Principios Presupuestarios.
40.- Estructura Presupuestaria.
41.- Consolidación Presupuestaria.
42.- Elaboración y Aprobación del Presupuesto.
43.- Los créditos presupuestarios.
44.- Modificaciones presupuestarias (I): Créditos extraordinarios, suplementos de créditos y transferencias de créditos.
45.- Modificaciones presupuestarias (II): Ampliaciones de créditos, generaciones de créditos, incorporación de remanentes y bajas.
46.- Ejecución del Presupuesto de Gastos del Presupuesto corriente.
47.- Gestión del Presupuesto de Ingresos del Presupuesto corriente.
48.- Gestión de Presupuestos Cerrados y de Ejercicios posteriores.
49.- Liquidación del Presupuesto.
50.- Rendición de Cuentas.
51.- El Control Interno de la Gestión Económica Local.
52.- El Control Externo. Responsabilidades.
53.- La Tesorería de las Entidades Locales (I): Concepto y Funciones.
54.- La Tesorería de las Entidades Locales (II): El proceso de cobro y medios de cobro.
55.- La Tesorería de las Entidades Locales (III): Planificación de los pagos y formas de pago.
56.- La Tesorería de las Entidades Locales (IV): La Gestión de la Liquidez y la colocación de excedentes.
57.- La Contabilidad Pública Local. Evolución y Normas Generales.
58.- El Plan General de Contabilidad Pública adaptado a la Administración Local.
59.- Estructura y Contenido de la Instrucción de contabilidad.
60.- El modelo normal de contabilidad local (I): Principios Generales.
61.- El modelo normal de contabilidad local (II): Competencias y funciones.
62.- Libros de Contabilidad de las Entidades Locales.
63.- Documentos contables.
64.- Contabilidad del Presupuesto de Gastos (I): Normas Generales, apertura del presupuesto, situación y modificación de créditos.
65.- Contabilidad del Presupuesto de Gastos (II): Operaciones de gestión del presupuesto corriente. Reintegros de Presupuesto corriente.
66.- Contabilidad del Presupuesto de Gastos (III): Operaciones de cierre del presupuesto corriente. Operaciones de Presupuestos Cerrados.
67.- Contabilidad del Presupuesto de Ingresos (I): Normas Generales, apertura del presupuesto y modificación de las previsiones iniciales.
68.- Contabilidad del Presupuesto de Ingresos (II): Compromisos de ingresos, reconocimiento de derechos a cobrar y anulación de derechos.
69.- Contabilidad del Presupuesto de Ingresos (III): Recaudación de derechos, devolución de ingresos, aplazamiento y fraccionamiento de derechos.
70.- Contabilidad del Presupuesto de Ingresos (IV): El procedimiento de apremio, operaciones de presupuestos cerrados y futuros, operaciones de cierre del Presupuesto.
71.- Contabilidad del Inmovilizado.
72.- Contabilidad del Endeudamiento.
73.- Contabilidad de otras operaciones no presupuestarias de Tesorería.
74.- Operaciones de fin de Ejercicio: El Resultado
Presupuestario y el Remanente de Tesorería.
75.- Tratamiento contable de los pagos a justificar y anticipos de caja fija.
77.- Proyectos de Gastos.
78.- Gastos con financiación afectada.
79.- La Cuenta General. Contenido, formación y aprobación.
80.- La contratación administrativa. Ámbito de aplicación de la Ley.
81.- Los requisitos para contratar con la administración.
82.- Actuaciones relativas a la contratación: Pliegos, Perfección y formalización. Prerrogativas administrativas. Invalidez de los contratos. Actuaciones preparatorias. Tramitación expedientes de contratación.
83.- Actuaciones relativas a contratación. Adjudicación de los contratos. Ejecución y modificación.
84.- Revisión de Precios en los contratos.
85.- Extinción de los contratos.
86.- Cesión de los contratos y de la subcontratación.
87.- Contratos de Obras.
88.- Contratos de gestión de los servicios.
89.- Contratos de suministro.
76.- Remanentes de crédito: Definición y seguimiento contable.
90.- Contratos de consultoría y asistencia y de ser- vicios.
OTRAS DISPOSICIONES Y ACUERDOS
Delegación del Gobierno en Ceuta Servicio de Asuntos Jurídicos
1.499.- De conformidad con lo dispuesto en los artículos 59.4 y 61 de la Ley 30/1992, de 26 de noviembre, de Régimen Jurídico de las Administraciones Públicas y del Procedimiento Administrativo Común ( B.O.E. 285, de 27 de noviembre de 1992) modificada por la Ley 4/99, de 13 de enero (B.O.E. 12, de 14 de enero de 1999), se hace pública notificación de los expedientes sancionadores que se indican, dictados por la Autoridad competente según la Disposición Adicional Cuarta de la Ley 6/1997, de 14 de abril, de Organización y Funcionamiento de la Administración General del Estado, a las personas que a continuación se relacionan, ya que habiéndose intentado la notificación en el último domicilio conocido, ésta no se ha podido practicar.
Los correspondientes expedientes obran en el Servicio de Asuntos Jurídicos de esta Delegación del Gobierno. Ceuta, a 11 de mayo de 2006.- EL SECRETARIO GENERAL.- Fdo.: José J. Espartero López.
1.500.- De conformidad con lo dispuesto en los artículos 59.4 y 61 de la Ley 30/1992, de 26 de noviembre, de Régimen Jurídico de las Administraciones Públicas y del Procedimiento Administrativo Común ( B.O.E. 285, de 27 de noviembre de 1992) modificada por la Ley 4/99, de 13 de enero (B.O.E. 12, de 14 de enero de 1999), se hace pública notificación de los expedientes sancionadores que se indican, dictados por la Autoridad competente según la Disposición Adicional Cuarta de la Ley 6/1997, de 14 de abril, de Organización y Funcionamiento de la Administración General del Estado, a las personas que a continuación se relacionan, ya que habiéndose intentado la notificación en el último domicilio conocido, ésta no se ha podido practicar.
Los correspondientes expedientes obran en el Servicio de Asuntos Jurídicos de esta Delegación del Gobierno. Ceuta, a 11 de mayo de 2006.- EL SECRETARIO GENERAL.- Fdo.: José J. Espartero López.
Ministerio de Trabajo y Asuntos Sociales Tesorería General Seg. Social en Ceuta
1.501.- D. José García Rubio, jefe de Sección de la Dirección Provincial de la Tesorería General de la Seguridad Social de Ceuta, de acuerdo con lo dispuesto en el artículo 59.4 de la Ley 30/1992, de 26 de noviembre, de Régimen Jurídico de las Administraciones Públicas y del Procedimiento Administrativo Común (BOE de 27-11-1992), hace saber que, ante la imposibilidad de comunicarle por encontrarse en situación de ausencia, desconocido, ignorado paradero o haber sido rehusada la notificación, se le indica lo siguiente:
b) Reclamar a D. ANGEL J. RUIZ SANTIAGO, por este mismo acto la cantidad de 10.938,61 euros a que asciende la deuda y cuyos números van del 51/06/010251239 al 51/ 06/010252552.
De acuerdo con los hechos y fundamentos de derecho contenidos en el expediente 51/43/05 de declaración de responsabilidad solidaria tramitado en esta Sección de la Dirección Provincial de la Tesorería General de la Seguridad Social, resuelve:
a) Declarar a D. ÁNGEL J. RUIZ SANTIAGO, responsable solidario de las deudas contraídas con la Seguridad Social por la empresa «BLINDASUR, S. L.».
Tanto contra el presente acuerdo de declaración de responsabilidad, como frente a las reclamaciones de deuda que conlleva, y dentro del plazo de un mes desde su recepción, podrá interponerse recurso de alzada ante el Director Provincial de la Tesorería General de la Seguridad Social, de acuerdo con lo dispuesto en el artículo 30 de la Ley 30/1992, de Régimen Jurídico de las Administraciones Públicas y del Procedimiento Administrativo Común.
En Ceuta, a 10 de mayo de 2006.- EL DIRECTOR TERRITORIAL.- Fdo .: José García Rubio.
Ministerio de Trabajo yAsuntos Sociales Instituto de Mayores y Servicios Sociales
1.502.- La Dirección Territorial del IMSERSO en Ceuta en la tramitación del expediente indicado a continuación ha intentado notificar la resolución indicada a continuación, sin que se haya podido practicar, procediéndose de conformidad con lo previsto en el art. 59.4 de la Ley 30/92, de 26 de noviembre, Ley de Régimen Jurídico de las Administraciones Públicas y del Procedimiento Administrativo Común (B.O.E. del 27), modificada por la Ley 4/99, de 13 de enero (B.O.E. del 14).
EXPEDIENTE
APELLIDOS Y NOMBRE
51/154/I/2005
ABDESELAM AHMED, Hisman
Se advierte al interesado que podrá interponer reclamación previa a la vía judicial social ante esta Dirección Provincial, dentro de los treinta días siguientes a esta publicación, de conformidad con lo dispuesto en el art. 71 del texto refundido de la Ley de Procedimiento Laboral, Real Decreto Legislativo 2/95, de 7 de abril (B.O.E. del 11).
Ceuta, 12 de mayo de 2006.- DIRECTOR TERRITORIAL.- Fdo: Fernando Jimeno Jiménez.
ADMINISTRACIÓN DE JUSTICIA Juzgado de Primera Instancia e Instrucción Número Dos de Ceuta
1.503.- EL SECRETARIO DEL JUZGADO DE INSTRUCCIÓN NÚMERO TRES DE CEUTA. DOY FE Y TESTIMONIO:
Que en el Juicio de Faltas número 170/2006, se ha dictado la presente sentencia, que en su parte dispositiva dice:
FALLO:
Que debo condenar y condeno a D. MOHAMED HOSSAIN HIMO, por una falta de hurto del artículo 623 del Código Penal en grado de tentativa, a la pena de un mes de multa a razón de una cuota de 3 euros/día, y por una falta de malos tratos de obra, del artículo 617.2, del Código Penal, a la pena de 15 días/multa a razón de 3 euros/día, con la responsabilidad personal subsidiaria prevista en el artículo 53 del Código Penal, imponiéndosele igualmente el pago de las costas de este Juicio.
Notifíquese esta sentencia a las partes haciéndoles saber a éstas, que de conformidad con lo dispuesto en el artículo 976, en relación a los artículos 795 y 796 de la Ley de Enjuiciamiento Criminal, contra la misma se puede interponer recurso de apelación en el plazo de cinco días, ante este mismo Juzgado para su resolución por la Audiencia Provincial de Cádiz y expídase testimonio de la misma que quedará unido a los autos, incorporándose el original al correspondiente Libro de Sentencias.
Así por esta mi sentencia, lo pronuncio, mando y firmo.
Y para que conste y sirva de Notificación de Sentencia a D. MOHAMED HOSSAIN HIMO, actualmente en paradero desconocido, y su publicación en el Boletín Oficial de la Ciudad, expido la presente en Ceuta, a ocho de mayo de dos mil seis.- EL SECRETARIO.
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Juzgado de Menores de Ceuta
1.504.- El Ilmo. Sr. Magistrado Juez del Juzgado de Menores Número Uno de Ceuta, en autos de Pieza de Responsabilidad Civil al n.° 27/06 que dimana del procedimiento de Fiscalía, Expediente de Reforma n.° 16/06 incoado para el enjuiciamiento de un menor cuyos datos constan en autos, ha dictado providencia que textualmente DICE:
Y para que sirva de notificación y emplazamiento de la perjudicada en el presente procedimiento D.ª AURORA MARÍA DE TAPIA ESCRIBANO expido el presente que firmo en la Ciudad de
«Visto el contenido de la anterior diligencia, y apareciendo que la perjudicada en el presente procedimiento no tiene domicilio conocido en esta Ciudad, emplácese a la misma por medio de edictos, que se publicarán en el Tablón de Anuncios de este Juzgado, en el Boletín Oficial de la Ciudad de Ceuta por ser el último domicilio conocido del mismo, a fin de notificar a D.ª AURORA MARÍA DE TAPIA ESCRIBANO, que aparece como perjudicada en las actuaciones, su derecho a ser parte en esta pieza, para lo que podrá personarse en ella en el PLAZO DE UN MES, desde que le sea notificada la presente resolución, sin perjuicio de que se personen en ella todos los que se consideren como tales. «
Ceuta, a quince de mayo de dos mil seis.- EL SECRETARIO JUDICIAL.
Juzgado de Primera Instancia e Instrucción Número Cinco de Ceuta
1.505.- D.ª CARMEN RODRIGUEZ VOZMEDIANO, Secretaria Judicial del Juzgado de Primera Instancia Número Cinco de Ceuta, certifica que en los autos 362/05 seguidos ante este Juzgado se ha dictado Auto de fecha 27/01/06, cuya parte dispositiva es del siguiente tenor literal:
PARTE DISPOSITIVA
1.- SE ADMITE A TRÁMITE LA DEMANDA DE GUARDA Y CUSTODIA presentada por el Procurador Sr. ÁNGEL RUÍZ REINA, en nombre y representación de D. RAFAEL ANGULO ARANDA, figurando como parte demandada D.ª FATIMA BAALOUK y el Ministerio Fiscal, sustanciándose la demanda por los trámites del juicio verbal, con las especialidades previstas en el artículo 753 de la LEC.
2.- Dese traslado de la demanda, al Fiscal y a la parte demandada, haciéndoles entrega de copia de la misma y de los documentos acompañados, emplazándoles para que la contesten en el plazo de VEINTE DÍAS HÁBILES computados desde el siguiente al emplazamiento.
Apercíbase a la parte demandada que si no aparece dentro del plazo, se le declarará en situación de rebeldía procesal (artículo 496.1 LEC). Adviértasele asimismo, que la comparecencia en Juicio debe realizarse por medio de procurador y con asistencia de abogado (artículo 750 de la LEC).
Contra la presente resolución cabe interponer recurso de reposición en el plazo de cinco días a partir del siguiente al de su notificación.
3.- Llévese a efecto el emplazamiento en el domicilio señalado por la parte actora. Para el emplazamiento en dicho domicilio.
Así lo manda y firma S.S.; de lo que doy fe.
EL MAGISTRADO JUEZ.- EL SECRETA RIO.
Y para que sirva de legal emplazamiento a D.ª FATIMA BAALOUK, se expide el presente Edicto, conforme a lo acordado en Providencia de fecha 15/05/06, que se
insertará en el Tablón de Anuncios de este Juzgado y se publicará en el Boletín Oficial de la Ciudad Autónoma de Ceuta.
En Ceuta, a 15 de mayo de 2006.- EL SECRETARIO.
Juzgado de Primera Instancia e Instrucción Número Dos de Ceuta
1.506.- El MAGISTRADO JUEZ del Juzgado de Instrucción Número Dos de Ceuta ha acordado citar a D. TAREK SAID AHMED, a fin de que el próximo día veintiséis de junio de dos mil seis a las 10:00 horas, asista en la SALA DE VISTAS de este Juzgado a la celebración del Juicio de Faltas número 457/2005, seguido por LESIONES, en calidad de DENUNCIADO.
APERCIBIÉNDOLE que de residir en este término municipal, y no comparecer ni alegar justa causa que se lo impida, podrá imponérsele una multa, parándole el perjuicio a que hubiere lugar en derecho y que, en caso de residir fuera de este término, podrá dirigir escrito a este Juzgado en su defensa y apoderar a otra persona para que presente en dicho acto las pruebas de descargo que tuviere, conforme a lo dispuesto en el artículo 970 de la Ley de Enjuiciamiento Criminal.
Se le hace saber que deberá comparecer al acto de juicio con todos los medios de prueba de que intente valerse (testigos, documentos, peritos) y que podrá acudir asistido de Letrado, si bien éste no es preceptivo.
En CEUTA, a once de mayo de dos mil seis.- EL SECRETARIO JUDICIAL.
RESUMEN DE LOS HECHOS OBJETO DE LA DENUNCIA
DENUNCIADO: D. TAREK SAID AHMED.
HECHOS: LESIONES.
LUGAR: CEUTA
FECHA: 4 de abril de 2005.
DENUNCIANTE: TAREK MOHAMED AHMED.
Y para que conste y sirva de CITACIÓN a D. TAREK SAID MOHAMED, actualmente en paradero desconocido, y su publicación en el Boletín Oficial de la Ciudad, expido el presente en Ceuta, a once de mayo de dos mil seis.- EL SECRETARIO.
ANUNCIOS CIUDAD AUTÓNOMA DE CEUTA
1.507.- Mediante acuerdo adoptado por el Viceconsejero de Deportes y Presidente del I.C.D., de fecha diecisiete de mayo de dos mil seis, se aprueba la adjudicación de los servicios de Limpieza de las Instalaciones Deportivas del Instituto Ceutí de Deportes.
Organismo: Instituto Ceutí de Deportes.
N.° expediente: Cont/2006/25
Procedimiento: Abierto.
Objeto del contrato: Los servicios de Limpieza en las Instalaciones Deportivas del Instituto Ceutí de Deportes. Tramitación: Ordinaria.
Forma: Concurso.
Presupuesto de adjudicación: 83.600,00 (ochenta y tres mil seiscientos) euros.
Fecha adjudicación: 17 de mayo de 2006.
Adjudicatario: CLECE, S. A.
Ceuta, 18 de mayo de 2006.- Vº Bº EL PRESIDENTE.- Fdo.: Víctor Iñiguez Márquez.- LA SECRETARIA DEL I.C.D.- Fdo.: M.ª Dolores Pastilla Gómez.
C.I.F. : A-80364243
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OTRAS DISPOSICIONES Y ACUERDOS
1.508.- La Excma. Sra. Consejera de Fomento, D.ª Elena M.ª Sánchez Villaverde, por su Decreto de fecha veinte de abril de dos mil seis, ha dispuesto lo siguiente:
ANTECEDENTES DE HECHO
D.ª Menana Salid Ali, solicita Licencia de Obras en calle Miramar, n.º 34, 1.º A.- Por Decreto de la Excma. Sra. Consejera de Fomento de fecha 08-08-05, se requiere a la interesada para que aporte la documentación que se detalla en Informe Técnico n.º 1.264/05, de fecha 28-07-05.- Transcurrido el plazo no se presenta la documentación requerida.Consta asimismo Informe Jurídico.
FUNDAMENTOS JURÍDICOS
El art. 71 de la Ley 30/92, de 26 de noviembre, nos permite el archivo de las peticiones, si no se subsanan las deficiencias detectadas en la documentación presentada.Competente en materia de Urbanismo, resulta la Excma. Sra. Consejera de Fomento en virtud del Decreto de delegación dictado por el Excmo. Sr. Presidente de la Ciudad Autónoma de Ceuta con fecha 18 de Junio de 2003.
PARTE DISPOSITIVA
Se archiva la petición de D.ª Menana Said Ali, relativa a solicitud de Licencia de Obras en calle Miramar, n.º 34, 1.º A.
Contra esta resolución que agota la vía administrativa, y en cumplimiento de lo previsto en el art. 107.1 de la Ley 30/92, de 26 de noviembre, de Régimen Jurídico de las Administraciones Públicas y del Procedimiento Administrativo Común, podrá interponer recurso potestativo de reposición, que cabrá fundar en cualquiera de los motivos de nulidad o anulabilidad previstos en los artículos 62 y 63 de dicha Ley, ante el mismo órgano que dictó el acto, en el plazo de un mes, o ser impugnada directamente ante el Juzgado de lo Contencioso Administrativo de esta Ciudad, en el plazo de dos meses contados a partir del día siguiente al de la recepción de esta notificación (artículos 116.1 de la Ley 30/92, de 26 de noviembre y 8.1 y 46 de la 29/98, de 13 de julio).
Atendiendo que no ha podido practicarse la notificación de esta Resolución a D.ª Menana Said Ali, en los términos del art. 59.2 de la Ley 30/92, de 26 de noviembre, por el presente Anuncio se hace pública la anterior Resolución.
No obstante lo anterior podrá ejercitar cualquier otro recurso que estime procedente. Lo que le comunico para su conocimiento y efectos.
Ceuta, 12 de mayo de 2006.- Vº Bº EL PRESIDENTE ACCIDENTAL.- LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.- P.D.EL TÉCNICO DE ADMINISTRACIÓN GENERAL.- Fdo.: Miguel Ángel Ragel Cabezuelo.
AUTORIDADES Y PERSONAL
CIUDAD AUTÓNOMA DE CEUTA
1.510.- El Excmo. Sr. Consejero de Fomento, D. Juan Antonio Rodríguez Ferrón, en uso de las facultades conferidas por el Reglamento de Organización y Funcionamiento del Consejo de Gobierno, así como por Decreto del Presidente de fecha 16 de mayo de 2006 ha resuelto dictar en esta fecha el siguiente DECRETO:
ANTECEDENTES DE HECHO
Por Decreto del Excmo. Sr. Presidente de la Ciudad de 16 de mayo de 2006, se nombra al Ilmo. Sr. D. Juan Manuel Doncel Doncel Viceconsejero de Urbanismo, integrándose dicha Viceconsejería en la Consejería de Fomento.
Por Decreto del Excmo. Sr. Presidente de la Ciudad de 16 de mayo de 2006, se dispone el nombramiento de quien suscribe como Consejero de Fomento con las atribuciones sobre las materias propias de la Consejería, de conformidad con el Decreto de 24 de enero de 2005, por el que se aprueba la estructura orgánica de la Administración de la Ciudad de Ceuta y el Decreto de 16 de mayo de 2006 de modificación del anterior.
FUNDAMENTOS JURÍDICOS
El artículo 121 del Reglamento de la Presidencia, dispone que corresponde al Presidente el nombramiento de los Viceconsejeros.
El Consejero de Fomento ostenta la competencia por asignación de funciones por parte del Presidente de la Ciudad mediante Decreto de 16 de mayo de 2006 y de conformidad con lo establecido en el art. 22 del Reglamento de Organización y Funcionamiento del Consejo de Gobierno.
PARTE DISPOSITIVA
1) Se asigne al Ilmo. Sr. D. Juan Manuel Doncel Doncel, Viceconsejero de Urbanismo, la gestión de las actuaciones de la Consejería de Fomento en las materias siguientes:
a.- Industria y Energía.
b.- Asesoramiento al Consejero y Ejercicio de la Gestión e Inspección de la Consejería en materia de Ordenación del Territorio y Urbanismo.
2) Se de cuenta de la presente resolución a la Asamblea de la Ciudad en la primera sesión que celebren.
3) Publíquese en el
Boletín Oficial de la Ciudad.
Ceuta, 23 de mayo de 2006.- EL CONSEJERO DE FOMENTO.- Fdo.: Juan Antonio Rodríguez Ferrón.- Doy fe.- LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.- Fdo.: M.ª Dolores Pastilla Gómez.
1.511.- La Excma. Sra. Consejero de Sanidad y Bienestar Social, D.ª Yolanda Bel Blanca, en uso de las facultades conferidas por el Reglamento de Organización y Funcionamiento del Consejo de Gobierno, así como por Decreto del Presidente de fecha 18 de junio de 2003 ha resuelto dictar en esta fecha el siguiente DECRETO:
ANTECEDENTES DE HECHO
Por Decreto del Excmo. Sr. Presidente de la Ciudad de 16 de mayo de 2006, se nombra a la Ilma. Sra. D.ª Celinia de Miguel Ratero Viceconsejera de Sanidad y Bienestar Social, integrándose dicha Viceconsejería en la Consejería de Sanidad y Bienestar Social.
Por Decreto del Excmo. Sr. Presidente de la Ciudad de 18 de junio de 2003, se dispone el nombramiento de quien suscribe como Consejera de Sanidad y Bienestar Social con las atribuciones sobre las materias propias de la Consejería, de conformidad con el Decreto de 24 de enero de 2005, por el que se aprueba la estructura orgánica de la Administración de la Ciudad de Ceuta y el Decreto de 16 de mayo de 2006 de modificación del anterior.
FUNDAMENTOS JURÍDICOS
La Consejera de Sanidad y Bienestar Social ostenta la competencia por asignación de funciones por parte del
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Presidente de la Ciudad mediante Decreto de 18 de junio de 2003 y de conformidad con lo establecido en el art. 22 del Reglamento de Organización y Funcionamiento del Consejo de Gobierno.
PARTE DISPOSITIVA
1) Se asigne a la Ilma. Sra. D.ª Celinia de Miguel Ratero, Viceconsejera de Sanidad y Bienestar Social, la gestión de las actuaciones de la Consejería de Sanidad y Bienestar Social en las materias siguientes:
b.- Lucha contra las drogodependencias y adicciones, así como protección de la salubridad pública.
a.- Sanidad, Salud Pública e Higiene.
c.- Participación de la gestión de la atención primaria de salud.
d.- Sanidad animal.
e.- Defensa de los derechos de los consumidores y usuarios y comercio interior.
f.- Abastos, mataderos y mercados.
2) Se de cuenta de la presente resolución a la Asamblea de la Ciudad en la primera sesión que celebren.
g.- Cementerios, y servicios funerarios.
3) Publíquese en el Boletín Oficial de la Ciudad.
Ceuta, 24 de mayo de 2006.- LA CONSEJERA DE SANIDAD Y BIENESTAR SOCIAL.- Fdo.: Yolanda Bel Blanca.- Doy fe.- LA SECRETARIA GENERAL ACCIDENTAL.- Fdo.: Carmen Barrado Antón.
1.512.- El Excmo. Sr. Consejero de Fomento, D. Juan Antonio Rodríguez Ferrón, en uso de las facultades conferidas por el Reglamento de Organización y Funcionamiento del Consejo de Gobierno, así como por Decreto del Presidente de fecha 16 de mayo de 2006 ha resuelto dictar en esta fecha el siguiente DECRETO:
ANTECEDENTES DE HECHO
Por Decreto del Excmo. Sr. Presidente de la Ciudad de 19 de junio de 2003, se nombra al Ilmo. Sr. D. Gregorio García Castañeda Viceconsejero de Dotación y Servicios.
Por Decreto de 16 de mayo de 2006, se adscribe al Ilmo. Sr. Viceconsejero de Dotación y Servicios a la Consejería de Fomento.
Por Decreto del Excmo. Sr. Presidente de la Ciudad de 16 de mayo de 2006, se dispone el nombramiento de quien suscribe como Consejero de Fomento con las atribuciones sobre las materias propias de la Consejería, de conformidad con el Decreto de 24 de enero de 2005, por el que se aprueba la estructura orgánica de la Administración de la Ciudad de Ceuta y el Decreto de 16 de mayo de 2006 de modificación del anterior.
FUNDAMENTOS JURÍDICOS
El artículo 121 del Reglamento de la Presidencia dispone que corresponde al Presidente el nombramiento de los Viceconsejeros.
El Consejero de Fomento ostenta la competencia por asignación de funciones por parte del Presidente de la Ciudad mediante Decreto de 16 de mayo de 2006 y de conformidad con lo establecido en el art. 22 del Reglamento de Organización y Funcionamiento del Consejo de Gobierno.
PARTE DISPOSITIVA
1) Se asigne al Ilmo. Sr. D. Gregorio García Castañeda, Viceconsejero de Dotación y Servicios, la gestión de las actuaciones de la Consejería de Fomento en las materias siguientes:
a. Relaciones con el tejido asociativo vecinal, sin perjuicio de las relaciones que el resto de asociaciones mantengan con las demás Consejerías.
b. Servicios Generales en materia de obras y entretenimiento urbano.
2) Se de cuenta de la presente resolución a la
3) Publíquese en el Boletín Oficial de la Ciudad.
Asamblea de la Ciudad en la primera sesión que celebren.
Ceuta, 23 de mayo de 2006.- EL CONSEJERO DE FOMENTO.- Fdo.: Juan Antonio Rodríguez Ferrón.- Doy fe.- LA SECRETARIA GENERAL.- Fdo.: M.ª Dolores Pastilla Gómez.
ANUNCIOS
CIUDAD AUTÓNOMA DE CEUTA
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.-
1.- Entidad Adjudicadora:
a) Organismo: Ciudad Autónoma de Ceuta.
b) Dependencia que tramita el Expediente: Negociado de Contratación.
c) Número de expediente: 88/06.
2.- Objeto del contrato:
a) Descripción del objeto: Servicios de temporada de playas.
- Seis secaderos de pescado: 5 en Playa Juan XXIII y 1 en Playa de la Almadraba.
- Un chiringuito en la Playa de Miramar y un chiringuito en la Playa del Chorrillo.
- Tres (3) quioscos de bebidas en explanada de la Playa del Chorrillo.
b) Plazo de ejecución: Cuatro (4) temporadas, desde el día dieciocho de marzo al 31 de octubre de cada año, si fuesen autorizadas por el Área funcional de Costas de la Delegación del Gobierno, cuando lo solicite anualmente la Ciudad.
c) Lugar de ejecución: Los señalados en el Pliego de Prescripciones Técnicas.
3.- Tramitación, procedimiento y forma de adjudi- cación:
a) Tramitación: Urgente.
b) Procedimiento: Abierto.
c) Forma: Concurso.
4.- Régimen económico con la unidad de costas de la Delegación del Gobierno en Ceuta
Como titular de los bienes de dominio público, el Estado percibirá el canon de utilización del dominio público y la tasa de explotación (Título IV «Régimen Económico Financiero de la utilización del dominio público marítimo terrestre de la Ley 22/1988, de 28 de julio de Costas).
Las personas que accedan a la explotación de los servicios no abonarán cantidad alguna a la Ciudad Autónoma de Ceuta, ya que la percepción de dicha cantidad es facultad que otorga la Unidad de Costas de la Delegación de Gobierno en Ceuta, según consta en el expediente tramitado para la temporada 2003.
El canon de utilización es en la primera anualidad de 73,49 euros/m 2 /temporada.
La Tasa de explotación es en la primera anualidad de 26.01 euros/m
2
Lo anterior para todo tipo de instalaciones.
/temporada.
Las cantidades para el resto de anualidades serán determinadas por la citada Unidad de Costas.
Estas cantidades deberán ser ingresadas en el Tesoro Público para lo cual previamente, la Unidad de Funcional de Costas de la Delegación del Gobierno en Ceuta expedirá al interesado boletín de liquidación de tasas.
El adjudicatario estará obligado a constituir a favor de la Unidad Funcional de Costas de la Delegación del Gobierno en Ceuta, las siguientes fianzas para la primera anualidad:
- 150 euros por cada secadero de pescado.
- 150 euros por cada quiosco.
- 900 euros por el Chiringuito.
Dichas cantidades habrán de depositarse en la Caja General de Depósito del Estado o en cualquiera de sus sucursales, en concepto de garantía del cumplimiento de todas las condiciones de la autorización.
Las cantidades para el resto de anualidades serán determinadas por la citada Unidad de Costas.
Desde la notificación de la adjudicación, el adjudicatario dispone de cinco (5) días para presentar resguardo acreditativo, debidamente visado por la unidad de Costas de la Delegación del Gobierno en Ceuta, de haber ingresado el canon, tasa y fianza indicadas, requisitos sin los cuales el interesado no podrá instalar el servicio autorizado.
El adjudicatario abonará las cantidades antes señaladas en la forma indicada y en las cuantías que cada año señale la Unidad de Costas de la Delegación del Gobierno.
5.- Garantía definitiva: no procede.
6.- Obtención de documentos e información:
b) Domicilio: C/Padilla. Edificio Ceuta Center, s/ n.º
a) Entidad: Negociado de Contratación, Ciudad Autónoma de Ceuta.
c) Localidad y Código Postal: Ceuta 51001.
e) Telefax: 956-52.82.84.
d) Teléfono: 956-52.82.53/54.
f) Fecha limite de obtención de documentos e información: Ocho (8) días naturales siguientes al de la publicación del anuncio en el Boletín Oficial de la Ciudad.
6.- Requisitos específicos del contratista:
Los establecidos en el Pliego de Cláusulas Administrativas Particulares.
7.- Presentación de ofertas:
b) Documentación a presentar: La especificada en el Pliego de Cláusulas Administrativas Particulares
a) Fecha límite de presentación: Ocho (8) días naturales siguientes al de la publicación del anuncio en el Boletín Oficial de la Ciudad.
c) Lugar de presentación:
ma de Ceuta de 9:00 a 14:00 y de 16:00 a 18:00 horas.
1.º Entidad: Registro General de la Ciudad Autóno-
2.º Domicilio: Plaza de África, s/n.º
d) Concurso: Plazo durante el cual el licitador estará obligado a mantener su oferta: El determinado en el R.D. Legislativo 2/2000 de 16 de junio, por el que se aprueba el Texto Refundido de la Ley de Contratos de las Administraciones Públicas.
3.º Localidad y Código Postal: Ceuta 51001.
8.- Apertura de ofertas:
b) Domicilio: Consejería de Economía y Hacienda. Edificio Ceuta Center. C/. Padilla, s/n.º
a) Entidad: Ciudad Autónoma de Ceuta.
c) Fecha y hora: A las 9 horas del día hábil siguiente a aquel en que finalice el plazo de presentación de ofertas, siempre que ello fuere posible.
9.- Otras informaciones:
a) Gastos del anuncio: A cargo del adjudicatario.
En Ceuta, a 24 de mayo de 2006.- Vº Bº EL PRESI-
DENTE.- LA SECRETARIA GENERAL ACCIDENTAL.Fdo.: Carmen Barrado Antón.
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CURRICULUM VITAE
Dr TEMKENG Albert Etienne
Né le 17 septembre 1966 à Yaoundé (54 ans)
Professeur d'ENI- Hors Echelle
Doctorat/PhD en Sciences de l'éducation et de la formation de l'Université Paris Nanterre - France
Tel : 694408749 / 677445250 / 662943186 (whatsApp).
E-mails : email@example.com / firstname.lastname@example.org
Docteur / PhD en sciences de l'éducation et de de la formation.
Professeur d'Ecoles Normales d'Instituteurs (PENI) depuis 1992. Enseignant de didactique (DIPEN II). Directeur des écoles normales d'instituteurs depuis 2004. Maitrise de Linguistique française (LEA), DEA de sémiologie, DEA de didactique et évaluation et Master 2 professionnel en Gestion des systèmes éducatifs. Membre d'associations et sociétés savantes : ROCARE, AFIDES, RIFEFF, AFDECE, REUNIFEDD, FECODD, ORD-2D, AIEIMS-2D, CEFAN,… Compétent en sciences de l'éducation : didactique, administration et supervision scolaire, pédagogie, initiation à la recherche, … Master Trainer Psychosocial Support (Formateur en Appui psychosocial).
I. FORMATIONS, INSTITUTIONS ET DIPLOMES
II. EXPERIENCE PROFESSIONNELLE
III. LANGUES MAITRISEES
- Le français : Excellent à l'écrit et à l'oral ;
-
L'anglais : Bon à l'écrit et à l'oral ;
IV. DOMAINES D'ETUDE OU D'INTERVENTION
- Didactique des disciplines (méthodes et approches didactiques) ;
- Gestion et administration et supervision des systèmes éducatifs ;
- Initiation à la recherche en éducation ;
- Politiques éducatives (éducation interculturelle) ;
- Psychopédagogie, andragogie (apprenance) et appui psychosocial ;
- Epistémologie des sciences et éducation au développement durable ;
- Sémiolinguistique française : grammaire normative et théories linguistiques modernes.
V. CONNAISSANCES ACCESSOIRES ET HOBBIES
- Maîtrise de l'outil informatique (word, excel, powerpoint, adobe page maker) ;
- Journalisme ;
- Conduite, Musique et Tennis ;
- Agroéconomie (agriculture et élevage).
VI. TRAVAUX DE RECHERCHE : MEMOIRES, ARTICLES ET PROJETS
- Temkeng, A., E. (1992), Besoins langagiers et enseignement du français dans les CETI du Cameroun, Mémoire DIPEN II, E.N.S, Université de Yaoundé I, 1992,105 p.
- Temkeng, A., E. (1997), L'énonciatif dans Sans Tam-tam d'Henri Lopès, Mémoire de Maitrise en linguistique française, Université de Dschang.
- Temkeng, A., E. (2003), Sémiologie de la poésie orale bamiléké: le cas des louanges pour jumeaux chez Yèmba. Mémoire de DEA d'études africaines. Université de Dschang, 2003.
- Temkeng, A., E. (2007), Compétence interculturelle et efficacité de l'action didactique en classe de langue, Mémoire de D.E.A. de sciences de l'éducation, Chaire UNESCO pour l'Afrique centrale (Antenne Nationale du Cameroun), Université Marien Ngouabi, Brazzaville, 2007, 99 pages.
- Temkeng, A., E. (2007), Sémiologie du chaos et folie dans le roman camerounais :Temps de chien de Patrice Nganang et Moi taximan de Gabriel Kuitche Fonkou in Ethiopiques N°78, Revue de littérature et art au miroir de toutmonde /philosophie, éthique et politique, 1 er semestre 2007.
- Temkeng, A., E. (2008), Gestion des ressources humaines au Cameroun : une gageure, La revue des Echanges, Volume 25-N°1, Nº 96, 2008, AFIDES, pp.18-21.
- Temkeng, A., E. (2008), Dialogue interreligieux et éducation interculturelle : l'inutile guéguerre des églises conventionnelles et des religions traditionnelles africaines, Ethiopiques n°80, La littérature, la philosophie, l'art et le local, 1er semestre 2008.
- Temkeng, A., E. (2008), La dynamique partenariale Nord-Sud : Au rendez-vous du donner et du recevoir, que peut offrir le Sud ?» La revue des Echanges, Volume 25-N°1, Numéro 96, 2008, AFIDES, pp.5-9.
- Temkeng, A., E. (2009), Le gestionnaire scolaire camerounais face aux défis de l'heure : de l'écartèlement entre la démocratisation de l'école et les exigences de la qualité de l'éducation» in L'Ecole du troisième millénaire, La revue des Echanges, Volume 25-N°1, Numéro 99, 2009, AFIDES, pp.18-23.
- Temkeng, A., E. (2011), De l'aléa humain à l'aléa technologique dans la formation des formateurs au sud du sahara : psychopédagogie numérique et interculturel in Karsenti, T.; Garry, R.-P., N'Goy Fiama, B.; et Baudot, F. (2011). Former à distance des formateurs : stratégies et mutualisation dans la francophonie. Montréal : Réseau international francophone des établissements de formation de formateurs (RIFEFF) / Agence universitaire de la Francophonie (AUF), pp 227-235.
- Temkeng, A., E. (2011), Décentralisation et qualité de l'éducation : l'expérience de l'éducation de base au Cameroun » in Fonkoua, P. et Marmoz, L. (2011) ; La décentralisation de l'éducation en Afrique subsaharienne : Avancées et hésitations. Cahiers africains des sciences de l'éducation N°7, Paris, Le Harmattan.
- Temkeng, A., E. (2011), L'écriture romanesque et les pistes de l'éducation interculturelle : prospection dans Moi Taximan de Gabriel Kuitche Fonkou (Chapitre 9) in TSOFACK, J-B et FEUSSI V. (2011). Langues et discours en contextes urbains au Cameroun (dé)constructions complexités. Le Harmattan, 241 p.
- Temkeng, A., E. (2012), Types de cadrans et appropriation des TIC dans les écoles camerounaises : du manque de moyens au manque de volonté, Karsenti, T.; Garry, R.-Ph.; Benziane, A.; Ngoy-Fiama B. B. et Baudot, F. (2012). La formation de formateurs et d'enseignants à l'ère du numérique : stratégies politiques et accompagnement pédagogique, du présentiel à l'enseignement à distance. Montréal : Réseau international francophone des établissements de formation de formateurs (RIFEFF) / Agence universitaire de la Francophonie (AUF), pp 306-319. Ouvrage 4.
- Temkeng, A., E. et Temdemnou Ngameni, O., .(2014), Culture scientifique, technique et industrielle et développement durable au sein des institutions de formation et des entreprises des zones industrielles du Cameroun, in Modibo, C., et al.(2014), La francophonie universitaire en question, Montréal : Réseau international francophone des établissements de formation de formateurs (RIFEFF) / Agence universitaire de la Francophonie (AUF), pp 556-568. Ouvrage 5.
- Temkeng, A., E. (2014), Les espaces propices au dialogue interculturel : état des lieux et pistes de construction d'une paix globale durable au sein des sociétés africaines, Colloque international sur la contribution des pouvoirs traditionnels au maintien de la paix en Afrique, Bafoussam, juillet, 2014.
- Temkeng, A., E. et Temdemnou Ngameni, O., (2014). De l'écartèlement entre la préservation de la biodiversité culturelle et les enjeux du développement scientifique, technique et industriel : le cas des peuplades pygmées bakas et des bantous kounabembe des villages du sud-est Cameroun, Revue Francophone du Développement durable. Le développement durable et les parcs, Hors-série N°2, Revue bi-annuelle, Décembre 2014, pp.23-53.
- Temkeng, A., E. (2015), Acculturation scientifique et efficacité de l'innovation pédagogique par les TIC en contexte de formation de formateurs au Cameroun : De la résignation apprise à la résilience et à l'apprenante, Mieux former les enseignants dans la francophonie : Principaux enjeux actuels et futurs, RIFEFF, Colloque 2015, RIFEFF/AUF, 6è Colloque de Patras. Juillet 2015.
- Temkeng, A., E. (2017), Ecritures émergentes et éducation au développement durable au Cameroun : réalités, difficultés et perspectives, in Fandio, P. (2017), Ecritures émergentes et nouvelles marges au Cameroun, Nouvelles du sud, coll. Arts, littératures, sociétés N°52, Panafrica, 2018, pp.209-222.
- Temkeng, A., E. (2018), Décryptage sémiolinguistique et didactique de l'énonciation. Une application dans Sans Tam-tam d'Henri Lopes. Editions Universitaires Européennes.
- Temkeng, A., E. et Ben-Nejma, A. (2019). Rapport des enseignants et des élèvesmaitres à la culture entrepreneuriale : le cas de l'ENIEG de Bafoussam, in Djeumeni-Tchamabe, M. ; Voulgre, E. ; Groux, D. et Nyebe Atangana, S. (2019). Quelle école pour demain ? Enjeux, priorités et défis. Collection Education comparée, Paris, L'Harmattan, pp. 457-463.
- Temkeng, A., E. (2020), Déterminants motivationnels et rapports a posteriori aux savoirs scientifiques. Le cas des adultes du Cameroun en poursuite ou en reprise d'études face à la catégorisation scientifique scolaire. Thèse de Doctorat en Sciences de l'éducation et de la formation présentée et soutenue publiquement le 20/10/2020, Université Paris Nanterre - France, 375 pages.
VII. COLLOQUES, SEMINAIRES ET AUTRES SEMINAIRES
- Colloque de l'AFIRSE-CO sur le thème La décentralisation en éducation, Yaoundé 2008.
- Contribution à l`Enquête sur la gouvernance du secteur de l'éducation au Cameroun, Zenu Network, octobre 2009.
- Biennale de l'AFIDES sur La gestion des réformes en éducation, Canada, Ottawa 2009.
- Colloque du RIFEFF sur La formation à distance en Afrique subsaharienne, Niger, Niamey 2009.
- Contribution au Projet de promotion de bonne gouvernance locale et de renforcement des capacité des acteurs non-étatiques(PGL/OL), secteur éducation, Mairies de Nkongsamba, Mbouda et Bangangté ; Zenu Network, Avril-Mai 2010.
- Colloque du RIFEFF sur La formation de formateurs et d'enseignants à l'ère du numérique : stratégies politiques et accompagnement pédagogique, du présentiel à l'enseignement à distance, Liban, Beyrouth 2011.
- Colloque du RIFEFF sur le thème La francophonie universitaire en question (Le développement durable), Vietnam, Hanoi, décembre 2013.
- Colloque de l'OR2D sur Les représentations Nord-Sud du développement durable, Clermont Ferrand, France, Avril 2014.
- Colloque de l'OR2D sur Les représentations Nord-Sud du développement durable, Parakou, Benin, Octobre 2014.
- Journée scientifique du Groupe de Recherches sur l'Imaginaire de l'Afrique et de la Diaspora (GRIAD), Buea, Cameroun, vendredi 5 Juin 2015.
- Colloque du RIFEFF sur le thème Mieux former les enseignants dans la francophonie : Principaux enjeux actuels et futurs, Patras, Grèce, Juillet 2015.
- Colloque AFDECE sur le thème Quelle école pour demain ? Enjeux, priorités, défis, ENS Yaoundé, Cameroun, 5-7 novembre 2018.
- Plusieurs séminaires en apprenance et rapports aux savoirs au Centre de Recherches en Education et Formation (CREF) de l'Université Paris Nanterre depuis 2012.
- Atelier de formation des formateurs en appui psychosocial. Soutien psychosocial et atténuation des risques dans les établissements du secondaire pendant les crises/urgences. Bertoua, 25-28 janvier 2021. Global Partnership for Education, UNESCO, UNICEF.
Fait à
Bafoussam, le 05 Mars 2021
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Academic Grade Scale
Grades are issued using the following grade scale:
60-69……………………………………………………………….…….D
Graduation Requirements
2-Year Diploma Requirements
- Complete 4 semesters of CBBI and pass class requirements.
- Fulfill a summer internship
- Agree to the Doctrine and Life Statement of CoBeAc
1-Year Certificate Requirements
- Complete 2 semesters of CBBI and pass class requirements.
- Commit to fulfill a summer internship
- Agree to the Doctrine and Life Statement of CoBeAc
Course Requirements
Year 1
NT Survey
This course conducts an overview of the Bible from Matthew to Revelation. Pertinent background and introductory material is covered. The theme and main teaching of each book are considered. The particular contribution of each book to the Canon is noted. Time permitting, difficult or vital passages of each book are explained.
Acts
This seminar is an in-depth look at the book of Acts. It will cover the expansion and explosion of the first church in Jerusalem. The birthing of other churches and the effect of the gospel message as it travels the realm of Asia into Europe will be seen clearly as well as the significance of Acts to the rest of the New Testament.
Doctrines 1
This course will thoroughly cover Bibliology – the study of the Bible as well as Theology Proper – the study of God.
Church History
This course is designed to provide the student with an overview of the major events in the life of the church. A primary method in the course will be the study of individuals who made major contributions to the life of the church over the centuries.
John
This course is a thorough investigation of the fourth Gospel, highlighting the person and work of Jesus Christ, God's own Son. Differences between John and the other four Gospels will be considered.
OT Book
This course will cover an Old Testament book verse by verse. The book will vary by year.
Year 2 Semester 1
Baptist Heritage
Personal Evangelism
Doctrines 3-Hamartiology, Anthropology, Soteriology
Church History
Pauline Epistles
OT Book
Elective
Elective
Elective
Course Descriptions
Year 2 Semester 2
Dispensationalism
Proverbs
Doctrines 4- Ecclesiology, Eschatology
End Times
General Epistles
NT Book
Elective
Elective
Elective
OT Survey
This course conducts an overview of the Bible from Genesis to Malachi. Pertinent background and introductory material is covered. The theme and main teaching of each book are considered. The particular contribution of each book to the Canon is noted. Time permitting, difficult or vital passages of each book are explained.
Personal Evangelism
"Personal Evangelism" is a course explaining how Jesus has given His children the command to go with the gospel. The work of soul-winning is a great responsibility. It is more than just an elective in the school of Christ. It is a requirement. This class will look at the who, why, when, where, and how with scriptural reasons. Luke 19:10 "For the Son of Man is come to seek and to save that which is lost."
Doctrines 2
This course will cover Christology – the study of Christ, Pneumatology – the study of the Holy Spirit, as well as Angelology – the study of angels.
Prophecy
This seminar will show God's plan for the ages through a study of Biblical prophecy. It is designed to introduce the students to a general scope of end time events. This seminar will approach the study of prophecy both literally and dispensationally.
Life of Christ
This course is an in-depth look at the harmonizing of the Gospels. It looks at the major chronological periods in the life of our Lord. The Lord's life and teachings will be examined with special emphasis on the crucifixion week.
NT Book
This course will cover a New Testament book verse by verse. The book will vary by year.
Electives
Each semester will have three electives on various topics on topics such as Leadership, Modern Cults, Trusting God, Youth Ministry, Public Speaking, Hermeneutics, and many more. These classes will vary from year to year.
Year 2
Baptist Heritage
This course is a survey of the historical and theological basis of Baptist thought and practice. The course studies the background of Baptists in so-called heretical and radical movements, the emergence of Baptists in the seventeenth century, and significant Baptist figures and movements in Britain, America, and across the world.
Personal Evangelism
"Personal Evangelism" is a course explaining how Jesus has given His children the command to go with the gospel. The work of soul-winning is a great responsibility. It is more than just an elective in the school of Christ. It is a requirement. This class will look at the who, why, when, where, and how with scriptural reasons. Luke 19:10 "For the Son of Man is come to seek and to save that which is lost."
Doctrines 3
This course will cover Hamartiology – the study of sin, Anthropology – the study of man, and Soteriology – the study of salvation.
Church History
This course is designed to provide the student with an overview of the major events in the life of the church. A primary method in the course will be the study of individuals who made major contributions to the life of the church over the centuries.
Pauline Epistles
The purpose of this course is to become better equipped to read the apostle Paul's letters as Christian Scripture. This course will focus on many themes and various historical and theological particularities along the way as we "read, mark, learn, and inwardly digest" Paul's letters, but the overarching aim is to learn to engage with Paul as a prime apostolic witness of Jesus Christ and thereby deepen our grasp of the gospel.
OT Book
This course will cover an Old Testament book verse by verse. The book will vary by year.
Dispensationalism
Dispensationalism is a system designed to help interpret God's Work accurately and consistently. This seminar will introduce the main dispensations found in Scripture and help students understand God's Word more clearly.
Proverbs
This seminar will explain the book of Proverbs in two ways: themes and verse-by-verse. Proverbs is given to Christians so that we might have wisdom, and this class will teach the "knowledge of God" and give a biblical philosophy of life.
Doctrines 4
This course will cover Ecclesiology – the study of the church and Eschatology – the study of End Times.
End Times
This course is a study of Old and New Testament teachings on eschatology, including those aspects of the Kingdom of God which are already present and those yet to be fulfilled. Specific attention will be given to concepts such as Messiah, resurrection, tribulation, millennium, judgment, signs of the time, and the Kingdom of God.
General Epistles
The non-Pauline letters of the New Testament provide us with valuable insights into the various ways early Christians embraced Jesus Christ as their Savior and Lord, especially with regard to perspectives within Christianity. The purpose of this course is to acquaint the student with the early church.
NT Book
This course will cover a New Testament book verse by verse. The book will vary by year.
Electives
Each semester will have three electives on various topics on topics such as Leadership, Modern Cults, Trusting God, Youth Ministry, Public Speaking, Hermeneutics, and many more. These classes will vary from year to year.
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RESOLUTION 2020 – 3
TO ESTABLISH THE CITY OF DELPHI RIVERFRONT DEVELOPMENT PROJECT
WHEREAS, Indiana Code§ 7.1-3-20-.16.1(b)(5) authorizes the legislative body of a city to designate and establish the boundaries of a Municipal Riverfront Development Project within its territorial boundaries;
WHEREAS, once a Municipal Riverfront Development Project area is so designated, Indiana Code§ 7.1-3-20-.16.(b) allows the Mayor to approve a restaurant proprietor, as owner or lessee, or both, to apply to the Indiana Alcohol and Tobacco Commission for a non-transferrable one-way, two-way or three-way permit to sell alcoholic beverages for on premises consumption within the project area, without regard to any permit quotas as required by Indiana Code § 7.1-3-22., all in furtherance of economic development;
WHEREAS, the historic commercial district in the downtown has been recognized for its architectural and cultural heritage through its listing on the National Register of Historic Places as the Delphi Courthouse Square Historic District (NR:2010);
WHEREAS, the City of Delphi and the State of Indiana have invested public funds through the Stellar Communities Program to upgrade and improve public amenities in the downtown;
WHEREAS, the City of Delphi continues to invest public funds to provide new amenities and upgrade existing public infrastructure.
WHEREAS, in an effort to redevelop and revitalize its downtown, the City of Delphi has established a Tax Increment Financing (TIF) district that includes, among other areas, the historic commercial district, and which is overseen by the Delphi Redevelopment Commission; and
WHEREAS, the City of Delphi is designated as an Indiana Economic Opportunity Zone to encourage private investment in the community.
WHEREFORE, be it resolved by the Common Council of the City of Delphi, Indiana that:
Section 1. The area shown on Exhibit ‘A’, which is attached hereto and incorporated by reference, is hereby designated a Municipal Riverfront Development Project pursuant to Indiana Code§§ 7.1-3-20-16 and 7.1-3-20-16.1 and Rule 47, Article 1, Title 905 of the Indiana Administrative Code.
Section 2. This resolution shall be in full force and effect from and after its passage and approval by the Mayor.
Resolved by the Common Council of the City of Delphi, Indiana this 6th day of January, 2020.
Passage by a Majority of the Common Council:
Shane Evans, Presiding Officer
Attest: Leanne Aldrich, Clerk-Treasurer
Approved / Vetoed by me, the Mayor this 8th day of January, 2020.
__________________________
Shane Evans, Presiding Officer
Attest: Leanne Aldrich, Clerk-Treasurer
EXHIBIT A
DELPHI RIVERFRONT DEVELOPMENT PROJECT MAP
Delphi Riverfront Development District
As adopted by Resolution 2020-3 of the Delphi City Council, January 6, 2020.
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DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
2007 REPORT TO CONGRESS
Section 129 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended, authorizes the establishment of a Department of the Treasury program to provide technical assistance to governments and central banks of developing or transitional countries. This legislation also requires Treasury to prepare and submit this report on the conduct of the Treasury International Affairs Technical Assistance program by Treasury's Office of Technical Assistance (OTA).
TABLE OF CONTENTS
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
This report covers the 2007 activities of the U.S. Treasury Department's international technical assistance program, administered by the Office of Technical Assistance (OTA). It focuses on the results of projects financed by Treasury International Affairs Technical Assistance (TIATA) funds provided by Congress, as well as activities funded by other sources, and reviews new program developments since the previous annual report. The report describes the program's mission, organizational structure, decision-making processes, and implementation methods. A special theme of this year's report is the importance for overall aid effectiveness of building public financial management capacity in aid recipient countries.
The purpose of Treasury's technical assistance program is to promote sound public financial management, to improve regulatory oversight of financial institutions, and to strengthen financial systems against criminal, terrorist and corrupt practices. In working toward these goals, OTA supports the economic, foreign policy, and security objectives of the Treasury Department and U.S. Government around the world. Treasury advisors serve in countries as diverse as Iraq, Liberia, Haiti and Honduras. The unifying element across these engagements is the recognition that strengthening institutions of financial governance is critical to security, stability and prosperity. In addition to information on individual projects, the main body of this report includes a section on OTA's strategic objectives and the alignment between OTA activities on the ground and broader economic, AML/CFT and foreign policy priorities.
Treasury provides assistance in five core areas where it has specialized expertise and comparative advantage:
- Budget policy and administration;
- Financial institutions policy and regulation;
- Tax policy and administration;
- Government debt issuance and management; and
- Financial enforcement.
OTA works primarily with developing countries and countries making the transition to market economies. The program deploys resident or intermittent advisors who work with senior management and staff-level counterparts. Currently, OTA is conducting 53 resident projects and 67 intermittent projects in 66 countries in Latin America, Africa, Asia, the Middle East, Central and Eastern Europe, and the Former Soviet Union.
OTA projects emphasize capacity building -- both human and systems -- through practical, sustained, on-the-job training. A specific project may last several years and entail collaboration on a number of initiatives, such as:
- thinking through the trade-offs among policy choices;
- drafting improved laws and regulations to give effect to policy choices;
- strengthening management and administrative processes so that institutions perform more
1
effectively;
- helping governments develop the tools that will allow them to focus their attention and resources on those activities that are best suited to the public sector, while conducting government business in ways that foster private economic activity. For example, a government debt market necessarily involves the public sector, but in order for the market to function well, government involvement must be conducted in a way that allows market forces and private activity to flourish.
OTA helps countries emerge from a variety of difficulties. Sometimes OTA acts as a firstresponder to countries emerging from conflict, as it did and continues to do in Afghanistan, Bosnia, Kosovo, and Iraq. In such cases, OTA assistance becomes part of the military-civilian effort to stabilize a country and re-establish civil society through the building of effective government financial systems. In other cases, OTA helps countries emerging from financial turmoil or burden. For example, in fiscal year 2007, OTA provided assistance to 17 Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) in various stages of the HIPC debt relief and financial reform process.
Tracking progress and achieving successful outcomes is a challenge for any organization that provides technical support but has no direct operational control. Yet making progress and achieving successful outcomes is the standard against which all assistance programs should be judged. OTA defines progress in terms of establishing strong partnerships that bring about change in laws, institutions, systems, processes, procedures, practices and technical capacity of counterpart governments; success is when counterparts no longer need our assistance and we move on.
Regional and Country Projects
In total, OTA had projects in 78 countries (including those carried out under regional initiatives) in 2007, representing $39 million. Of this total, 31 projects representing $22.3 million were financed either wholly or partly by TIATA funds. As for regional distribution, about a third of OTA projects are in Africa; a third in Latin America and the Caribbean; and a third throughout the rest of the world. Tables A and B provide additional data on OTA's sources and uses of funding in 2007.
OTA successfully completed and closed out nine projects in 2007 and initiated seven new projects. Regarding TIATA-funded activities, OTA completed six projects and initiated seven projects in 2007. TIATA-funded projects were initiated in Latin America (Costa Rica, Latin America Regional), Africa (Mozambique, Niger, East Africa Regional) Asia (Vietnam), and the Near East and North Africa (Tunisia).
The following are illustrative examples of projects that made noteworthy progress in 2007 or, in some cases, did not live up to expectations. Additional information on specific projects appears in the main body of the report.
- Ghana. Collaboration between OTA's government debt advisor and officials in Ghana resulted in that country's debut $750 million Eurobond to market on September 27, 2007. This was the first sub-Saharan Euro bond in 30 years. The issue was very well received by
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investors and, if managed prudently, will be a major step toward Ghana having access to a broad array of financial instruments and markets. Such access will facilitate Ghana's ability to finance its development program.
Complementing this first project, OTA's budget team is supporting Ghana's efforts to develop and implement a framework for sound fiscal decentralization, thereby giving effect to provisions in Ghana's constitution that have a strong decentralization focus. The framework provides a roadmap for the decentralization of functions, revenues, and required financial management capacity to support the orderly transfer of responsibilities from the central government to local levels.
- Afghanistan. In 2007, OTA's financial enforcement team helped Afghanistan develop its financial intelligence unit (FIU), strengthen regulatory and enforcement ability, establish a cross-border currency declaration system, and participate more effectively in global and regional Anti-Money Laundering/Counter Financing of Terrorism (AML/CFT) bodies. Evidence of progress includes the following: By end 2007, the Afghan FIU, FinTRACA, had over 200,000 suspicious transactions reports in its data base; over one hundred hawaladars (informal channel money senders) had been licensed; FinTRACA began receiving its first hawala transaction reports; and the first arrests for money laundering were made.
- Costa Rica. In 2007, an OTA tax project showed a second year of remarkable, measurable results helping Costa Rica's tax administration to enhance revenue collection through systems modernization and increased efficiency, and with no increase in tax rates. In 2006, 16.9 billion colones ($34.6million) more were collected than in 2005, a 157 percent increase. In 2007, through September, local tax offices had collected 3.96 billion colones ($8.1 million) more than planned, a 47 percent increase over the plan – a remarkable increase considering the improvements in 2006. The Costa Rica tax administration cites multiple recommendations made by the Tax project as the primary cause of these increases in collections from taxpayers who up until this project had avoided payment and whose accounts had gone delinquent.
- Paraguay. OTA's government debt team assisted Paraguay in changing the currency composition of domestic debt issuance from U.S. Dollars to 100% local currency, thereby completely removing foreign currency risk to the country's domestic debt portfolio.
- Indonesia. In 2007, with the support of OTA's government debt advisor, Indonesia's Ministry of Finance developed and launched the country's first primary dealer system for domestic government securities. The auction-based distribution system enables the market determination of interest rates, and provides liquidity to investors through market-making by well- capitalized and governed intermediaries. A related initiative introduced short-term Treasury Bills as a component of the Ministry's domestic capital market development plan. The T-Bill program provides the government with a low cost funding instrument that can be valuable during periods of instability or crisis, when longer term instruments are not in demand. The T-Bill program also broadens the investor base for government securities by introducing a new class of securities for investors.
- Zambia. OTA Banking and Financial Services resident advisors assisted the Bank of Zambia (BoZ) in bank supervision, implementation of Basel II standards, development of risk based
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supervision prudential regulations, termination of failed bank receiverships, and the design of a deposit insurance law with accompanying policy and implementation procedures and regulations.
Inevitably, a number of projects were suspended or terminated without achieving their original objectives. Projects can fall short of expectations for a variety of reasons – a difficult work environment, limited absorption capacity by recipients, a change in host-country leadership, difficulty in establishing a good working relationship between the advisor and his/her counterpart, a lack of commitment to reform, or reform fatigue. Sometimes deterioration in the broader bilateral relationship spills over into the assistance arena. Projects that did not progress or come to fruition in 2007 for one reason or another included the following.
- The Tax Team closed its project with the Namibia Inland Revenue Directorate after a year and a half. The project was designed to be comprehensive, with consulting provided in Strategic Planning, Audit, Enforced Collections, Returns and Payment Processing, Taxpayer Service and Education, Administrative Law, and Information Technology. However, a project review in late 2007 revealed that the Directorate -- characterized by able individuals beleaguered by high personnel vacancy rates and consequent severe understaffing, a crisis in its IT systems, and an inability to effect legislative change – was not able to assimilate the assistance offered. In closing the program, OTA offered to re-engage whenever the IRD is able to solve the infrastructural problems standing in the way of an effective program of technical assistance.
- In the fall of 2007, the Government of Bolivia unilaterally ended a project that was making considerable progress. OTA's Government Debt team had provided assistance to the Ministry of Finance for the restructuring of domestic debt that leveled out the annual debt service requirements; reduced the roll-over (refinancing) and foreign currency risks in Bolivia's dollar denominated debt portfolio; introduced new instruments for investors that helps deepen the market; and enhanced staff capacity for debt management, analysis, accounting and reporting.
Key Program Developments
In addition to project-specific outcomes, there were certain developments in 2007 that were important for the overall program.
- In 2007, OTA and the Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) strengthened their ongoing collaboration. Of particular note, OTA was selected by MCC as the prime implementing agency for a two-year, $7.3M Threshold Country Plan project focusing on tax reform and customs modernization in São Tomé and Principe. This work began in November. This builds upon other collaborative efforts. Since 2005, OTA's financial management expertise has been helpful to MCC in analyzing, evaluating, and monitoring prospective and on-going projects. OTA works as an implementer on MCC Threshold Country Programs in Malawi where a multidisciplinary team is working in the areas of budget, tax, financial enforcement, government debt, and banking – and in Paraguay where OTA is providing assistance in budget, debt, banking and financial enforcement.
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- Over the course of 2007, OTA took steps aimed at strengthening the AML/CFT capacity of so-called FATF-style regional bodies (FSRBs), regional entities that work in collaboration with the global Financial Action Task Force, and seek to advance FATF objectives. With varying degrees of success, the FSRBs review compliance with international AML/CFT norms by countries in their region, and in that process can play a role in building AML/CFT capacity. OTA is working with several FSRBs to help them build the capacity to play this role effectively. In 2007, OTA provided assistance to FSRBs in South America (GAFISUD), West Africa (GIABA), and Eastern/Southern Africa (ESAAMLG).
- In 2007 the Department of Defense invited agencies to collaborate in the creation of a new combatant command dedicated to Africa -- AFRICOM. Recognizing AFRICOM's desire to support a range of security and stability related activities, OTA agreed to detail an official to work with AFRICOM on the financial sector capacity building aspects of security and stability. (This detail is not funded by TIATA sources.)
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Public Financial Management and Aid Effectiveness
One of the central issues in development is aid effectiveness. What kinds of aid, and what approaches for providing aid best support development and help ensure that aid will be effective and sustained?
Treasury's experience is that technical assistance directed toward strengthening the financial management capacity of recipient governments is a vital complement to other forms of aid and a necessary element in overall aid effectiveness. Without financial management capacity the odds are low that aid recipients will capably manage and make good use of any assistance, whether financial or material. Strengthening debt management skills of a government reduces the likelihood of its falling back into unsustainable indebtedness. Increasing budget management and revenue generation capacity improves the likelihood that capital projects will be sustained with maintenance and upkeep. The absence of such tools and skills requires donor-funded maintenance, or the risk of seeing costly investments deteriorate. History is replete with cases of roads, schools, hospitals, air bases, debt relief, and other major development initiatives not being sustained by recipients.
There is strong evidence, however, that financial management capacity can be improved with focused assistance, patience, and commitment to reform -- Poland, the Czech Republic, Ghana, South Africa and Costa Rica are such cases. But such capacity is still sorely lacking in many developing and transition countries. The main body of this report provides additional examples of progress in building the skills and systems necessary for short and long-term financial management success.
Though improved public financial management does not guarantee the effectiveness of other forms of development assistance, its absence will mortgage the future dreams and expectations for sustained results. Strengthening government financial operations seldom produces headlines, but such advances are the foundation on which stable civil society is built. What public order and a fair justice system bring to the physical security of citizens, sound management of the public purse and effective oversight of financial institutions bring to the economic health and wellbeing of a country.
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2007 REPORT
PROGRAM ORIGINS, FUNDING AND MANAGEMENT
In 1991, Treasury established the Office of Technical Assistance (OTA) as the operational office through which it delivered financial technical assistance. Beginning with the initial appropriation from Congress in FY1999, Treasury created the TIATA program and expanded the reach of its technical assistance operations outside of its traditional base in Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union to include countries in Africa, Asia, Latin America and the Middle East. It is in these four regions that Treasury now sees its primary responsibility for the future.
As the chart below indicates, TIATA appropriations have grown to be the single largest resource available to OTA for pursuing its mission. In addition to TIATA funding, OTA continues to receive SEED and FSA resources, although these latter resources have declined at an accelerated pace in recent years as the countries in these regions have become more self-sufficient and U.S. Government technical assistance less needed. TIATA funding can sometimes be used to co-fund projects with USAID, INL, and from other sources. OTA also receives funding through occasional supplemental appropriations. This funding, which has been used for countries such as Afghanistan, Haiti, Iraq, and Liberia, is of course available only as exceptional needs arise and is therefore not included in the chart below which focuses on "core" funding. Table B – provides Fiscal Year 2007 Non-TIATA Sources of Funding.
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Among OTA's five core assistance areas, the breakdown in terms of project funding in 2007 was as follows: Financial Enforcement 34%; Debt 21%; Budget 18%; Tax 14%; and Banking/Financial Institutions 13%. The chart below shows the allocation of OTA project funding by team.
STRATEGIC OBJECTIVES
The many projects and initiatives that OTA pursues should be understood both in terms of their individual merit and in terms of their alignment with and support for broader strategic objectives. OTA's points of reference for strategic objectives are the Treasury Department's international economic, financial and AML/CFT policy priorities, as well as broader USG foreign policy and national security goals. To a substantial degree, OTA's activities on the ground reflect an effort to give special attention to the following policy priorities:
- Support for post-conflict and failed states that are U.S. foreign policy/national security priorities.
- Support for regions and countries that are especially important in the fight against terrorist financing and money laundering.
- Support for countries that have fallen deeply into poverty and where development assistance needs are compelling, notably in Sub-Saharan Africa and parts of Latin America, the Caribbean and Asia.
- Collaboration with other assistance providers, such as the Millennium Challenge Corporation, in an effort to leverage our and their efforts.
It is not the case that literally every OTA project falls into one of the above categories, though most do. To the extent possible, OTA tries to be responsive to requests that are meritorious in
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terms of need for assistance and commitment to reform even if the country is not at the top of the U.S. foreign policy agenda today. This seems both right and prudent. A judicious investment today in a country that is weak and out of the foreign policy spotlight but trying to implement sound policies may help prevent that country from entering the spotlight tomorrow as a failed state requiring major investments.
The following sections expand upon each of the above strategic objectives.
Support for Post-Conflict Countries and Failed-States
Over the years, OTA has been a first responder in many countries or regions emerging from military conflict and civil strife, or struggling to avoid collapse as a result of weak institutions of state. In 2007, OTA was active in Iraq, Afghanistan, Kosovo, Haiti, Liberia and Bosnia. The following paragraphs elaborate on this experience.
Iraq
In 2007, about half a dozen (at times slightly more or less) OTA advisors worked in Baghdad providing support to Treasury's Financial Attaché and engaging with Iraqis on budget execution, governmental accounting, bank supervision, bank restructuring, and electronic payments system. The primary focus of the OTA mission is on budget execution which requires obtaining and documenting consensus on investment budget execution policies and procedures; training Iraqis (central ministries and provincial governments) on investment budget execution; and training U.S. personnel deployed or deploying to Provincial Reconstruction Teams (PRTs). In addition an electronic payments system connecting the Central Bank and other financial institutions was completed and is operational within Baghdad. With financial resources and support from State and DoD, OTA is trying to increase its technical assistance support by about twelve advisors.
Afghanistan
Building on the previous year's successful Paris Club debt agreement with several creditors, OTA Government Debt Issuance and Management assisted the Ministry of Finance in the review, negotiation, and execution of an agreement with Russia, Afghanistan's major creditor, to receive immediate forgiveness on approximately $10.3 billion in debt that has not been serviced in many years. This agreement is expected to lead to further debt relief for Afghanistan in future years when the country reaches Completion Point under the HIPC initiative.
Kosovo
OTA placed a Budget Team advisor in Kosovo in July 2007. The objectives of the mission included introducing accounting standards consistent with International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSAS), introducing application of these standards, improving public procurement practices, developing the capacity for fiscal impact analysis of legislation, improving the external audit function of the office of Auditor General, and strengthening budget analysis and reporting capacity. As of the end of the year progress was good, although elections, the establishment of a new government (including the appointment of a new Minister of Economy and Finance), and issues of the country's status all contributed to diverting attention from technical matters and toward broader national issues.
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Bosnia
As Chair of the Direct Tax Committee, the Tax team Resident Advisor in Bosnia, led the work to build support for new, harmonized, corporate and personal income tax laws. This effort has required liaison with international and local officials to review draft legislation and to harmonize conditions among entities and meet steadily with stakeholders such as business associations to solicit their views and enlist their support. The personal income tax and corporate tax laws were passed by the Bosnian parliament in early 2008, replacing a patchwork of laws, systems and rates that differed by canton and municipality, significantly improving consistency and fairness for taxpayers and moving the country closer to internationally recognized standards.
The OTA Government Debt Issuance and Management team assisted Bosnia as it prepared to issue frozen foreign currency bonds to extinguish a liability claim to its citizens for foreign currency deposits stolen prior to the war. Abruptly on 6 December 2007, the Republika Srpska (RS) General Assembly passed legislation that provided for the RS Ministry of Finance to issue its own bonds directly to its citizens, circumventing issuance through the state. This was in direct conflict with the BiH Constitutional Court decision. The initial result of this action was to block further progress towards complying with the initial time deadline of 31 March 2008.
Liberia
OTA Government Debt Issuance and Management provided intermittent technical assistance in the preparation of the National Domestic Debt Resolution Strategy (still pending legislative approval), as well as providing guidance for an implementation plan for the strategy. Additional assistance addressed the early stages of the design and establishment of the Liberia Trust Fund. Once fully operational, this fund will be the primary vehicle for handling payments for restructured debt. Technical assistance also helped establish an appropriate database and process to verify and begin to pay valid domestic claims against the government.
Haiti
In 2007, a Terms of Reference (TOR) was signed between the U.S. Government and the Government of Haiti (GoH). With financing from the State Department's International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs (INL) Section, OTA Financial Enforcement Advisors, in cooperation with AMEMB Haiti's Narcotics Affairs Section and Haitian Government counterparts, began development of a formal Work Plan. Advisors will assist the Haitian Government to develop a Financial Crimes Unit (FCU) and train its analysts, as well as prosecutors and judges. OTA Advisors will coordinate efforts with Advisors from the World Bank and a USAID-funded Canadian NGO, who are working on parallel projects, to avoid duplication of efforts and maximize efficacy. The project was met with enthusiastic support from Haitian President, René Préval.
Anti-Terrorist Activities
OTA is a participating member of the interagency Terrorist Finance Working Group, chaired by the Department of State. The Group supports the implementation by State of a training and technical assistance program to develop or enhance capacity of certain countries whose financial sectors have been used, or are vulnerable to being used, to finance terrorism.
In 2007, OTA continued to support anti money laundering and counter terrorist financing efforts with resident Financial Enforcement advisors in Afghanistan, Albania, Armenia, Bulgaria, the
Philippines, Jordan, Montenegro, Namibia, Sri Lanka, and Zambia. OTA resident Financial Enforcement advisors also worked in FATF1-Style Regional Bodies, including GAFISUD in South America, and EAG2 in Eurasia, with proposals for GIABA in West Africa, and ESAAMLG, covering Eastern and Southern Africa. These regional bodies provide peer review and support to their member countries in meeting the FATF recommendations on anti-money laundering and countering the financing of terrorism (AML/CFT). OTA conducted an assessment mission in Pakistan and anticipates placing a resident advisor there in summer 2008 to provide technical assistance aimed at developing a robust AML/CFT regime with a focus on cross border controls with Afghanistan. This work will include coordination with DHS/ICE3 on the establishment of a Trade Transparency Unit to monitor flows of goods and cash.
Employing global TIATA funds, OTA Financial Enforcement advisors provided intermittent assistance and/or training during 2007 to the governments of Antigua, Botswana, Chile, Croatia, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Ethiopia, Georgia, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Kyrgyzstan, Lesotho, Malawi, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, Poland, Serbia, Seychelles, and South Africa, and to Kosovo. In addition, in cooperation with ESAAMLG and DHS/ICE and DHS/Customs Border Protection (DHS/CBP), OTA provided a four-day regional cross-border cash courier training in February 2007 for all fourteen ESAAMLG countries in Livingstone, Zambia. In September 2007, OTA and DHS provided this training to Customs and Law Enforcement Officers from GIABA member countries.
OTA's Financial Enforcement projects are able to draw on experts from the other four OTA disciplines. Tax Policy and Administration advisors, working with Financial Enforcement advisors, provided training and technical assistance to gaming industry regulators in several countries Banking and Financial Services works with Financial Enforcement to create financial services regimes which are consistent with international standards. And, the Budget Policy and Management program works with Financial Enforcement in the areas of internal audit and fighting procurement fraud.
Compelling Assistance Needs
Examples of compelling assistance needs can be found in virtually every region of the globe. A substantial number of those countries are in Sub-Saharan Africa. Latin America and Asia have generally gone far in terms of achieving macroeconomic stability but still, with the exception of certain countries, have far go in terms of broad based poverty reduction. Accordingly, about one third of OTA's core program (i.e., not counting exceptional supplemental funding) is devoted to Sub-Saharan Africa and slightly less than a third to Latin America and the Caribbean. In the past two years, OTA has increased its activities in East Asia, notably in Indonesia, where poverty remains widespread, and in Vietnam.
Details on specific regional and country projects appear below and in the Executive Summary.
1 FATF: Financial Action Task Force
2 EAG: Eurasian Group on Combatting Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing (Moscow)
3 DHS/ICE: Department of Homeland Security / Immigration and Customs Enforcement
Cooperation with the Millennium Challenge Corporation
During 2007, OTA continued to build on a mutually beneficial relationship with the Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) begun in 2005. OTA's financial management expertise has been valuable to MCC in analyzing, evaluating, and monitoring prospective and on-going projects. Through an interagency agreement, MCC has been able to move its efforts by tapping the expertise of advisors from OTA's Budget, Banking, Enforcement, and Debt Teams.
2007 was a hallmark year for OTA's support to the Millennium Challenge Corporation in assessing banks as potential depository and payments and disbursement agents under the MCCCountry Compact. Five countries were visited including Lesotho, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, and Tanzania. Namibia, Burkina Faso and possibly two other countries are scheduled for early-mid 2008. To date, the banks and banking systems of ten countries had undergone UST/OTA assessment for the MCC- Country Compact operations.
The success of OTA's support to the MCC has further expanded OTA's scope of work under the 2005 UST/OTA - MCC Interagency Agreement to include assessing the economic and financial feasibility of proposed projects/programs in line with the country assistance strategy under the MCC-Country Compact Agreement (MCC-CCA) including but not limited to: (i) financing components and flow of funds; (ii) access and bottlenecks to on-lending finance by eligible financial institutions and financially viable private enterprises; (iii) loan eligibility requirements; (iv) on-lending arrangements and Apex arrangements; (iv) project/program operational functions and responsibilities; and (v) monitoring and implementation arrangements. Namibia and Burkina Faso will be the first countries in 2008 to undergo the new MCC assessment requirements.
OTA has also continued to work as an implementer on MCC Threshold Country Programs
(TCPs), notably in Malawi - where a multidisciplinary team is working in the areas of budget, tax, financial enforcement, government debt, and banking – Paraguay where OTA is implementing the financial enforcement component of that country's TCP. OTA was selected by MCC as the prime implementer for a two-year, $7.3M Threshold Country Plan project focusing on tax reform and customs modernization in São Tomé and Principe, and began work in November. Financial Enforcement, which is carrying out the customs portion of the plan, is also conducting a separate anti money laundering project there. In addition, OTA continues to explore additional opportunities to support MCC's efforts. Discussions are currently underway regarding potential engagements in Niger, and Tanzania.
CROSS-TEAM PROJECTS
One of OTA's internal strategic objectives is to emphasize cross-team projects -- broad-based engagements that cover multiple aspects of public financial management and financial sector oversight within a given country, and that draw upon expertise from across OTA's program. The objective is to take advantage of synergies across teams and to maximize impact. Historically this has been a proven approach for OTA, one that was the typical model in the 1990s in Central and Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union where the USG assistance programs were more robustly funded. In 2006, OTA operated a number of multi-disciplinary programs, including: Zambia (with four resident advisors working in the areas of banking, enforcement, and government debt); Paraguay (with four resident advisors working in the areas of banking, enforcement, budget, and government debt); and Malawi (an MCC-funded engagement comprised of four residents and one intermittent advisor working in the areas of banking, budget, enforcement, tax, and government debt – with an additional resident advisor added in early 2007).
PROJECT IDENTIFICATION AND SELECTION
The most successful TA projects (those that produce significant beneficial and sustained change) are based on a thorough and accurate problem diagnosis that has the concurrence of the counterpart. In addition, the best projects have the potential to bring about change at the systems level (i.e. more than changes in processes or procedures). This is not to say that projects with more modest goals are not worthwhile. In some cases, any beneficial change that results in operational improvement is an important and valuable step forward.
Fiscal Year 2007 TIATA funds were used to support projects selected according to a detailed process informed by real, on-the-ground conditions in countries identified as potential recipients of Treasury technical assistance. OTA prepared an initial internal Fiscal Year 2007 financial plan comprised of summary information on projects proposed for funding. The proposals originated from a variety of sources, including foreign governments, U.S. embassies, USAID missions, assessment missions conducted by OTA advisors, and bilateral policy discussions. Proposals were compiled, vetted, and submitted by the managers of each of OTA's five core disciplines for policy-level review. Special consideration was given to continuing projects that had demonstrated substantial results. (The Fiscal Year 2007 preliminary financial plan contained nearly 115 proposed projects with an estimated cost of $46.3 million, an amount well above the resources which later became available. This represented a growth of 35 projects and $17.7 million over the preliminary Fiscal Year 2006 financial plan.)
In order to make best use of available funds, Treasury reached out to other USG sources and in some cases found partners that were committed to the project objectives and willing to provide co-financing in selected countries. In this way, Treasury was able to implement a technical assistance program larger than it could have undertaken solely on its own resources.
OTA then conducted an intensive internal selection process to identify projects with the greatest potential to result in capacity building and policy reform. These projects were selected for funding while the rest, though meriting serious consideration, were set aside due to a lack of resources. The final results of the project selection process are displayed in Table A, Fiscal Year 2007 Budget Execution Plan. Seventy-two separate projects (compared with 59 in Fiscal Year 2006) are grouped geographically or as global projects in the following categories: Sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean, Africa, and Asia.
In addition to country-specific projects, budgetary allocations were made for senior and regional advisors, global anti-terrorist activities, and global information technology assistance in support of combating financial crime, Financial Enforcement assessment missions, and cross-discipline regional missions.
The final version of the Fiscal Year 2007 Budget Execution Plan consists of $21.8 million TIATA funds (or a $2.4 million increase over the $19.4 million for Fiscal Year 2006) leveraged by an additional $456 thousand ($3.05 million less than in Fiscal Year 2006) contributed by USAID missions and others.
2007 COUNTRY-SPECIFIC HIGHLIGHTS
Africa
Algeria:
- OTA Government Debt Issuance and Management assisted counterpart officials in the development of a modern financial information technology infrastructure. The improvements update and integrate systems used by Algeria's Treasury, central depository, stock exchange and central bank, with the objective of increasing market transparency and reducing operational risk. GDIM also assisted in the development of a new capital market development strategy to combine public and private funding through the introduction of new classes of securities; with the goal of attracting more private capital and to diversify and sustain growth in the Algerian economy.
Ghana:
- OTA Government Debt Issuance and Management assisted the Republic of Ghana as it became the first post-HIPC country to enter the international bond market. Ghana launched a 10-year, $750 million benchmark that is first sub-Saharan sovereign bond issued over the last thirty years. The strategic objectives of the bond issue are to ensure the sustainability of Ghana's overall financing portfolio, to ensure benchmark status and inclusion in an emerging market index, and to raise long-term capital for large scale infrastructure needs such as energy and roads. Ghana's sovereign bond issue won two International Financing Review Roll of Honor awards: Best Emerging Market Bond and Best EEMEA Bond (a regional category). Ghana was also named the Best New Borrower by Euroweek, based upon a poll by bankers.
Kenya:
- OTA Government Debt Issuance and Management assisted Kenyan officials in introducing a benchmark bond program as part of an overall strategy to improve market liquidity and efficiency. Complementary initiatives were begun to introduce government securities marketmaking activities, including an expanded capacity to carry out repurchase agreement transactions that will enable dealers to finance their market-making obligations.
Malawi:
- The U.S. impact and influence in Malawi has been highly successful and well received. Perhaps the most notable achievement for the country is that, through the help and assistance by the U.S. via a team of resident advisors in a variety of different areas, Malawi was able to achieve eligibility for MCC Compact Status on December 12, 2007. Under the auspices of the Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) a resident advisor was detailed to the Reserve Bank of Malawi (RBM) to help improve the quality of the supervision of Malawi's financial sector. The specific thresholds relating to the RBM included government effectiveness, control of corruption (which encompassed money laundering and terrorist financing), and regulatory quality. Great strides have also included: the beginning of a comprehensive bank examination to be concluded within the next few months; an Anti Money Laundering and Combating the Financing of Terrorism (AML/CFT) Examination Manual developed and implemented; several (AML/CFT) training sessions conducted for the RBM examiners and staff, as well as representatives from the financial sector including internal auditors;
establishment of an FIU and to ensure consistency and appropriate interactions between the two agencies in their fight against AML/CFT; development of a comprehensive Risk Based Supervisory Examination Manual; and increased staffing levels at the RBM. The final phase of the project will include providing assistance in the annual reform update process to ensure sustainability in the future.
Mauritius:
- OTA Government Debt Issuance and Management assisted in maintaining the investment grade bond ratings for Mauritius' local currency and foreign currency obligations (Moody's Investors Service Baa-1 and Baa-2 respectively), which had been placed on review for a possible downgrade. Moody's was reassured that Mauritius credit quality is stable and the outlook bright for continued economic growth. Maintenance of the investment grade ratings reduces the country's borrowing costs and, along with reforms in debt management practices, helps ensure that the country will continue to manage its debt burden in a timely manner. Mauritius graduated from the GDIM program in 2007.
Namibia:
- An OTA resident Financial Enforcement Advisor was placed in Namibia to continue work begun by an intermittent advisor to assist the FIU in reaching operational status and to increase the capacity of Namibian law enforcement in the area of financial crimes. The resident advisor assisted in finalizing implementing regulations for the AML legislation, provided training to the insurance, securities and bank regulatory agencies, and facilitated the acquisition of data base and case management software from the United Nations to prepare the FIU for operational status in July 2008. In April 2008, a comprehensive financial analytical training course will be provided to FIU, law enforcement, and regulatory personnel.
Niger:
- In Niger, the Budget Team supported government efforts to identify benchmarks against which to measure progress related to public sector expenditures. These efforts occurred in five "priority" ministries, including health and education. During the second year of the team's engagement, all five ministries had developed reasonable indicators, and the effort was being expanded government-wide. In addition, the Budget Team assisted the government in investigating means to develop an effectively operating inventory and asset management system (the government currently has little capacity to monitor or manage publicly-owned items and equipment). OTA is now helping the government identify funding sources to launch a comprehensive inventory and asset management system reform program.
Nigeria:
- OTA Government Debt Issuance and Management assisted Nigeria in further expanding the secondary market for Federal Government of Nigeria Bonds, through enhancements and new requirements for the primary dealer system which was initially introduced in 2006. The improvements have enhanced transparency and price discovery, resulting in greater liquidity for market makers and investors. Secondary market improvements have flowed through to the primary, or new issuance, market for government securities; enabling the government to regularly issue long maturity bonds (3, 5, and 10-year). The longer bonds better match the demand of investors, and provide reference rates for private issuers.
Rwanda:
- OTA Government Debt Issuance and Management assisted in the development and phased introduction of an enhanced debt management program to support Rwanda's first issuance of a government bond, and the country's longer-term financial system development needs.
South Africa:
- The OTA Budget Team advisor in South Africa is helping the National Treasury improve monitoring of government performance, build a capacity for spending and program evaluation, and improve budget execution monitoring systems for Parliament. The main achievements include completing a framework for managing program performance information and developing an improved tool for analyzing budget execution
- OTA Financial Enforcement and the National Prosecuting Authority (NPA), Directorate of Special Operations (DSO) provided financial investigative techniques training to over 160 law enforcement and regulatory officials. In addition to the DSO, participants were from the Financial Intelligence Center, Special Investigations Unit, South Africa Reserve Bank, the NPA Asset Forfeiture Unit, and NPA Commercial Crimes Unit. OTA participated in a training program for thirty forensic investigators from the Special Investigations Unit, which is mandated to investigate official corruption, and funded presenters from the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) who provided cross border cash courier training to fifty South African Customs and law enforcement officials.
Tunisia:
- OTA Financial Enforcement placed a new resident advisor in Tunis at the African Development Bank (AFDB) to continue the work of her predecessor in providing anticorruption assistance. She is joined by a new intermittent advisor who will provide expertise on helping establish and train officials of an anti-corruption office in the Bank. The advisors will also assist the Bank in developing a technical assistance strategy for enhancing member countries' program accountability and transparency. The OTA program has been instrumental in assisting the Bank develop a Hotline and a "whistle blower" policy, as well as the means for their implementation.
Uganda:
- OTA Government Debt Issuance and Management assisted Uganda in developing a comprehensive securities regulatory framework to help address the impacts of increased government securities market activity, increased off-shore capital inflows, and the introduction of new products in the market. The improved regulatory framework is designed to reduce the increasingly problematic volatility from these factors, as well as their negative impact on interest rates and foreign exchange rates.
Zambia:
- The Republic of Zambia graduated from the GDIM program in 2007. Over the two- year life of the program Zambia completed important initial steps for its first functioning Treasury. Creation of the Treasury enables the country to better forecast and manage cash balances, and consolidates multiple accounts into a Treasury Single Account System. A debt law covering external and domestic government debt issuances, including guarantees, was completed and awaits legislative approval. It sets out the procedures for debt creation, establishes debt limits, and is harmonized with the annual budget process. Zambia's first debt
strategy was developed, contributing to improved debt sustainability in the future.
- OTA Banking and Financial Services resident advisors provided guidance to the Bank of Zambia (BoZ) in Bank Supervision, implementation of Basel II, development of Risk Based Supervision prudential regulations, termination of failed bank receiverships, and the design of a Deposit Insurance law with accompanying policy and implementation procedures and regulations. Progress, although slow, has been steady and continues. BoZ counterparts, supported by senior management have displayed the political will to take actions recommended by OTA advisors. In the area of Deposit Insurance, the draft law has been written and is now undergoing vetting by the BoZ legal division for final approval and conversion into the proper legislative format. Parliamentary approval and implementation is expected during 2008. In 2007 the liquidation process was completed for three of ten banks in receivership. There remain seven banks, for of which will be liquidated during 2008. The remaining three banks are economically viable and the receivership process is not expected to be completed until 2009.The Bank of Zambia has requested continued OTA assistance in the areas of banking supervision - including an introduction to Islamic Banking - and resolving of the liquidations processes.
Asia and Near East
Egypt:
- OTA Government Debt Issuance and Management continued to provide intermittent technical assistance to enhance secondary market trading in government securities. Although many positive improvements to the legal framework and operational infrastructure have been implemented in recent years, secondary market trading remains anemic. High banking system liquidity and strong risk aversion by banks have been a disincentive to trading; and the lack of an efficient, timely settlement and ownership registration process continues to be an obstacle to further secondary market development.
Indonesia:
- The Tax Team worked closely with the Director General-Tax at the Ministry of Finance throughout 2007 to review and develop standard operating procedures, user manuals, and a final business model document for all aspects of operation of a proposed "document processing center" ("DPC") for tax returns and correspondence – from physical architecture to manual processes to technology issues. Establishment of a DPC is an important step in corruption control – depersonalizing the tax return submission process, centralizing processing in a high-production setting, and using IT-enabled rules. The Indonesian Ministry of Finance has been the driving force behind the program and, based on the experience of the pilot DPC which has just been put into operation, has a goal of establishing 19 DPCs throughout the country,.
Jordan:
- OTA Government Debt Issuance and Management provided technical assistance to the Ministry of Finance as it developed its strategy to buy-back some of its bi-lateral debt obligations. Using money accrued through Jordan's privatization program, the objectives of the on-going negotiations are to reduce Jordan's external debt by 20%; reduce its currency exposure (Jordan's Dinar is fixed to the U.S. Dollar) to the Japanese Yen; shrink its annual interest payments; allow more budgetary resources for poverty reduction; and improve the Kingdom's credit standing to the point that it will reduce future debt service costs. Jordan
graduated from the GDIM program in 2007.
- OTA Financial Enforcement and Justice's Office of Overseas Prosecutorial Development, Assistance and Training (OPDAT) jointly sponsored an AML/CFT conference in February for all relevant stakeholders in Jordan. With the passage of AML legislation, which went into effect in July, and assistance of the OTA advisor, the FIU began implementing the provisions of the AML legislation and moving toward a fully functional FIU. Training assistance to AML/CFT stakeholders included the Jordanian Insurance Commission, the Securities Commission, and personnel from the Bank of Jordan Supervision Department as they prepare to address their regulatory responsibilities under the legislation.
Oman:
- OTA Government Debt Issuance and Management provided intermittent technical assistance to Omani authorities, primarily the Capital Market Authority, on developing the country's very nascent debt market. Early work has focused on developing a framework for the securitization of assets; primarily research related to the Omani housing market and housing finance, and training about credit bureaus and credit rating agencies.
Philippines:
- OTA Financial Enforcement continued its resident project begun in 2005, providing mentoring to the Anti-Money Laundering Council (financial intelligence unit) of the Philippines and assisting in training Law Enforcement Agencies in anti-money laundering and the control of terrorist financing. OTA assisted in training approximately 1000 law enforcement personnel from over twenty-five agencies, and began assisting in the training of personnel of the new Anti-Terrorism Council. New procedures and training of Philippine border agencies, conducted by OTA and DHS on impeding bulk cash smuggling, resulted in increased seizures and arrests. The Philippines began working with Anti-Corruption authorities to target the laundering of proceeds by corrupt officials, and a number of high profile prosecutions were initiated, as well as several terrorist financing investigations. This program will be closed in 2008.
Sri Lanka:
- OTA Financial Enforcement continued to provide assistance resulting in the establishment of a basic administrative Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) within the Central Bank. The reporting regime for suspicious transactions and large cash transactions was implemented, and Central Bank compliance officers and regulators were trained. In collaboration with other donors, including the Commonwealth Secretariat, the World Bank, and the Asia/Pacific Group on Money Laundering, FIU analysts, prosecutors and financial crimes investigators were trained in the basic methods and techniques for conducting financial investigations. This project will be closed in 2008.
Vietnam:
- OTA Financial Enforcement conducted two weeks of Financial Investigative Techniques training in Hanoi, and worked with the resident representative of the UN Office of Drugs and Crime to plan further intermittent assistance in 2008 that will be co-sponsored and co-funded by the UN. The work in Vietnam is the first stage of OTA's planned Mekong regional initiative that will include intermittent assistance to Cambodia and Lao PDR in 2008.
Latin America and the Caribbean
- Latin America Regional. In 2007, OTA launched a Small Business Lending (SBL) Initiative in Latin America in partnership with the Multilateral Investment Fund (MIF) and the Overseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC). The specific role of OTA is to identify legislative and regulatory obstacles to SBL in targeted Latin American countries and to recommend measures to ameliorate and overcome those obstacles. MIF is providing grants to selected banks in those countries to fund training in SBL techniques, while OPIC is providing guarantees to U.S. banks that provide funding to local banks as well as direct lines of credit to several local banks that have partial U.S. ownership. The roles of the three agencies are complementary. The SBL initiative was presented to the Latin American Bankers Association (FELABAN) in November, 2007. Wherever possible, OTA missions to Latin American under the SBL initiative will be timed to coincide with MIF and OPIC missions to the target countries in order to maximize synergy among the three agencies.
Caribbean:
- In October 2006 OTA – Tax conducted a training workshop for 13 participating countries of the Caribbean Organization of Tax Administrators (COTA) which covered management and planning issues, the results of OTA assessments of most of the countries' tax administration practices, and the best way to proceed in the future. OTA and COTA reached a consensus that the best means of improving the identified practices was through improved management capabilities. As a result three additional management training workshops were conducted covering the areas of audit management, collection management, taxpayer (customer) service management, human resources management and general management (leadership and change management). At the final workshop in October 2007, each country was requested to complete an analysis of accomplishments. Eleven countries responded and an analysis of those comments indicated the following results:
o Three countries indicated that there was improved networking with other tax administrations in the region;
o One country indicated they had initiated a tax administration law;
o Seven countries stated that they had initiated a strategic planning process or had made improvements to their annual planning processes;
o Two countries have undertaken an overall reorganization of tax administration and partial reorganizations were taken to create or improve functions as follows: audit (4) and taxpayer service (3);
o Training of managers and employees had been accomplished in: audit (4), collection (2), taxpayer service (4), and general management training (1);
o Improved audit processes including improved audit selection had been achieved in 5 countries, and Jamaica developed an Audit Managers' Guide based on the OTA audit advisor's managers' manual; and.
o Seven countries improved their collection processes and procedures, and five countries improved their taxpayer service processes and services.
Chile:
- OTA Financial Enforcement, in cooperation with the U.S. Justice Department's Office of Overseas Prosecutorial Development, Assistance and Training (OPDAT), delivered a
combined Financial Investigative Techniques/Mock Trial course to prosecutors within Chile's Attorney General's Office, the Public Ministry, the State Defense Counsel, and elements of Chile's Investigative Police. In addition, as part of an outgrowth of the bilateral engagement with Chile, and under the auspices of GAFISUD, OTA conducted basic and advanced Gaming courses for GAFISUD's ten member countries. The Chilean Superintendent of Casinos graciously agreed to the courses being delivered in a regional format so that its benefits would reach the largest possible audience.
Costa Rica/Central America:
- One of the principal areas of concentration during 2007, as in 2006, was that of providing assistance in streamlining the collection of delinquent tax accounts. Among the innovations put in place was the use of the authority to initiate closure of businesses with protracted delinquencies. Use of this authority serves as a deterrent to businesses considering becoming delinquent. During the last six months of 2007, for example, this process was started for 63 taxpayers. Seventeen of these either paid or agreed to installment agreements, several businesses were closed and several more remain pending. OTA further promoted initiation of a program of special concentration on monitoring the largest tax debtors. As a result of this concentration, of the 58 largest debtors, 26 either fully paid or went to installment agreements, the accounts of 28 were corrected and 4 were transferred to the courts for action. For these taxpayers, 1.07 billion Colones (over $2 million) were either collected or corrected for 96 % resolved. For the last half of 2007, the local tax offices collected over 50% -- about $8.5 million -- more in delinquent taxes than in the corresponding period of 2006.
- The Budget Team helped the Costa Rican government present its first-ever medium-term fiscal strategy as part of the 2008 national budget. This multi-year perspective in fiscal planning, expenditure, policy, and budgeting has helped the government to maintain fiscal stability by demonstrating the future implications of current policy decisions on revenues and expenditures. The Budget Team also helped the government of Costa Rica better measure the effectiveness of the use of public resources and the performance of government programs through the formation of a performance indicators database that includes 239 indicators for five priority sectors (agriculture, health, education, infrastructure, and security). The results of this project are evidenced by the improved quality of the performance indicators included in the government's 2008 budget.
Dominican Republic:
- OTA Government Debt Issuance and Management provided intermittent technical assistance to the National Treasury as it took its initial steps toward the development and implementation of a Treasury Single Account that will ultimately lead to more efficient cash management of government accounts (benchmarks have been defined and time frames for their completion have been set). Assistance to the Public Credit Office in the Ministry of Finance focused on institutional capacity building to satisfy recent reform legislation and regulations; including the design of a new organizational structure, identifying staffing and equipment requirements, training for new staff, and creation of an investor relations program. Successes in this intermittent project resulted in an OTA decision to continue technical assistance through the fielding of a resident advisor in 2008.
El Salvador:
- OTA Financial Enforcement assisted with the creation and implementation of a Tax Investigative Unit and an Internal Investigative Unit within the Executive Directorate of
Revenue (DEI), the latter expected to combat internal and external crime and corruptionrelated matters, and Financial Investigative Techniques training was provided to new DEI and customs investigators. Implementation of an OTA-designed system for the secure exchange of sensitive anti money laundering information was completed.
Guatemala:
- The tax emphasis in Guatemala has been on administration of tax laws relative to the petroleum industry. Based on advice from the OTA advisor, Guatemala stood up a Petroleum Compliance Unit of the Tax Administration ("SAT"), designated the Special Operations Division. Concrete accomplishments included: SAT personnel were assigned to the terminals, and the Division prepared and delivered training to the terminal storage personnel. The training covered measuring tank volumes, customs regimes, petroleum product tax calculation, tax legal issues and risk and security issues associated with petroleum product terminal storage. Terminal measuring equipment was acquired and provided to the terminal personnel. Terminal inventories were measured for major petroleum importers. The Division makes periodic inspections of terminal activities and provides supervision of terminal personnel. The Division, through a formal exchange agreement with the Ministry of Energy and Mines (MEM) obtains reviews and reconciles daily terminal inventory volumes. The Division developed training manuals for all aspects of petroleum product controls and taxation. SAT institutionalized the Division which is now responsible for all matters related to the control and taxation of petroleum product imports. The Division completed the review of import tax paid for the period June 05 through June 06 for all petroleum product importers. Division management visited the Guatemala City offices of each petroleum product importer to initiate a relationship intended to foster voluntary compliance.
- OTA Financial Enforcement and Guatemala's Superintendence of Tax Administration (SAT) signed a Terms of Reference to improve criminal enforcement of tax and customs laws. OTA coordinated the design and implementation of a Criminal Investigative Unit within the Superintendence of Tax Administration (SAT); developed identification, investigation, and data analysis techniques for detecting criminal tax and customs violations; and developed awareness of criminal tax and customs violations on the part of those outside of SAT; and assisted the Criminal Investigative Unit in serving as a model of integrity.
Honduras:
- OTA Government Debt Issuance and Management assisted the Ministry of Finance in improving its domestic bond issuance program by introducing new three- and five-year bonds in regular, market-based auctions. The provision of new instruments helps to meet the demands of investors and intermediaries, and reduces Honduras' reliance on external financing. OTA also assisted in the development of a National Indebtedness Plan that is the basis for debt management policy that improves risk management and debt sustainability. Working with the Central Bank of Honduras, OTA helped introduce new regulations and procedures that govern the short-term interbank market with the objective of increasing transparency and liquidity, and reducing operational risks.
- Following up on a regional workshop including Guatemala, Nicaragua and Honduras, and based on Treasury recommendations regarding the form of organization and the numbers of staff required, the Honduran tax administration (DEI) also created a Petroleum Unit, which has begun activities aimed to take a path similar to that taken in Guatemala. The audit function in Honduras had been selecting taxpayers for audit manually with no automated
records. By working with Audit, IT, and the Executive Director's Office Treasury was able to secure the hiring of two programmers. As a result, presently all data on the electronically filed corporate returns became available in electronic format to all headquarters personnel and all auditors. Access to electronic data enables cases to be selected for audit based on objective criteria, thereby increasing the effectiveness of audits and vastly diminishing the role of human discretion from the selection process. Also, based on Treasury advice, the DEI agreed to change their tax returns to make them more "compliance" friendly. The combination of adequate tax return data and the ability through IT to access the data represents the key to objective, risk-based selection. The U.S. Treasury assisted with the training and oversight of all incumbent auditors in auditing, including a new audit manual update. A new training course was developed by Treasury in conjunction with Honduras for new auditors, including an OJT component. Treasury also assisted in designing and implementing a Training Branch for the approximately 120 new auditors hired. For the first time Honduras now has a basic training program for auditors (including managers) along with an organizational structure to accommodate it. Instructor training was held with the majority of the auditing training conducted by Honduran personnel.
- OTA Financial Enforcement and Guatemala's Superintendence of Tax Administration (SAT) signed a Terms of Reference to improve criminal enforcement of tax and customs laws. OTA coordinated the design and implementation of a Criminal Investigative Unit within the Superintendence of Tax Administration (SAT); developed identification, investigation, and data analysis techniques for detecting criminal tax and customs violations; and developed awareness of criminal tax and customs violations on the part of those outside of SAT; and assisted the Criminal Investigative Unit in serving as a model of integrity.
Nicaragua:
- OTA Government Debt Issuance and Management provided technical assistance the Government of Nicaragua in its $1.3 billion cash buy-back of its commercial external debt. By reducing its external debt burdens, Nicaragua hopes to attract new foreign direct and portfolio investment. The outlook for future debt sustainability is also significantly improved.
- The Nicaragua Tax Administration presented its report on tax collections for year 2007, which includes voluntary payment plus all actions carried out by the Tax Administration such as examination, enforced collection and others. Total collections were C$12,864.5 billion Cordobas in 2007, compared with C$11,009.70 billion in 2006: a 17 percent increase over 2006. Tax Team audit and collections advisors contributed to this success by assisting the development and implementation of planning and management processes as well as providing guidance for improved technical skill levels in audit and enforced collections operations.
Paraguay:
- OTA's budget project made substantial progress in key areas in 2007, although substantial room for improvement remains. Work in 2007 focused on improving budget analysis, improving the tools for managing financial administration and enhancing the transparency of budget materials. OTA worked with the Paraguayan Finance Ministry to perform in-depth budget analyses of the Ministry of Justice and Work and the Secretary of Social Action, participated in an on-going re-engineering of the country's financial management information system, developed a converter to link the country's chart of accounts to the IMF's system of government financial statistics, and implemented a budget department web site to make budget materials widely available. In these and other projects, the OTA worked
closely with Finance Ministry staff, achieving a level of integration that was a key element of success. Work remaining to be done includes better integration of budget analysis into the formulation of the government's budget, introducing tools such as a Treasury Single Account to support execution of the government's budget, and improving the coordination and documentation of revenue estimation to enhance the predictability of the budget.
- OTA Financial Enforcement continued to provide Financial Investigative Techniques training to the Anti-Terrorism Investigators of the National Police and prosecutors of the Public Ministry, and to mentor the prosecutors in financial crimes cases related to money laundering, terrorist financing, and corruption. Pursuant to a request from Paraguay's Superintendent of Insurance, OTA completed an assessment of the insurance sector and initiated a program for the GoP Superintendent of Banks to improve its anti-money laundering compliance and inspection system. A train-the-trainer system was developed for private bank functionaries to recognize suspicious activity related to money laundering and terrorist financing, and procedures, guidelines, manuals and training were provided for examiners.
- (Millennium Challenge) - OTA Financial Enforcement continued to work in coordination with a Department of Justice Resident Legal Advisor to focus OTA's technical assistance on combating money laundering and financing of terrorism by groups operating in the tri-border area (Brazil-Argentina-Paraguay). OTA assisted in the creation, vetting, training, and mentoring of investigative units in the Customs and Tax Administrations, an Internal Investigations Unit in the Ministry of Finance, the Intellectual Property Rights Investigative Unit in the Ministry of Industry and Commerce, and the Financial Crimes Investigative Unit of the Anti-Drug Secretariat.
STRATEGIC PLAN 2006-2010 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY OFFICE OF TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
Mission. The mission of the Treasury Department's technical assistance program, managed by the Office of Technical Assistance (OTA), is to support the development of strong financial sectors and sound public financial management in countries where assistance is needed and there is a strong commitment to reform.
OTA pursues this mission in support of the Treasury Department's overall mission "to promote the conditions for prosperity and stability in the United States and encourage prosperity and stability in the rest of the world" as well as broader U.S. Government international objectives, such as increasing transparency and accountability, reducing corruption, and strengthening the development of market-based policies and practices.
Vision. OTA aims to build upon its reputation as a high-quality provider of comprehensive financial sector technical assistance and policy advice. It intends to be recognized as the provider of choice wherever its multi-disciplinary assistance model best addresses country needs and Treasury or U.S. Government objectives.
The foundation of OTA's program will continue to reside in five core disciplines – Banking and Financial Services; Budget Policy and Management; Financial Enforcement; Government Debt Issuance and Management; and Tax Policy and Administration, complemented by the ability to support other aspects of financial sector strengthening.
Values.
[x] OTA will continue to place the highest priority on capacity building and developing country self-sufficiency.
[x] OTA exits countries when project objectives are accomplished or if country commitment to reform is not sustained.
[x] OTA program engagements are distinguished by flexibility, selectivity, and responsiveness.
[x] OTA recognizes that its core strength lies in the dedication, adaptability, and expertise of its advisors.
Programmatic Goals
[x] Encourage depth of engagement and an integrated, multi-discipline approach. Where circumstances warrant, deeper, stronger, more comprehensive engagements may improve the prospects for material impact.
[x] Encourage an approach that targets geographic regions and common financial or economic problems. Look for opportunities to place advisors in countries with common needs by virtue of location, financial structure (e.g. significant dependence upon donor revenue), or dislocations (e.g. highly affected by extractive industry income).
[x] Provide specialized multi-discipline programs and rapid response teams to support key Treasury and U.S. Government priorities. React quickly to: needs in post-conflict/post crisis/failed state countries; opportunities to combat terrorist funding and corruption; requirements for access to financial services; country requirements to address revenue deficiency; and development of financial management information systems.
[x] Recruit, retain, and support a cadre of advisors that manifests OTA's tradition of excellence.
[x] Continue to strengthen OTA coordination within Treasury and with other parts of the U.S. Government.
[x] Enhance awareness of Treasury's technical assistance program.
[x] Ensure that OTA's management systems fully support the achievement of our mission. For example, appropriate access to current financial data, timely human resources processes, program evaluation and management, and ability to be responsive to standard and ad hoc reporting requirements are essential to supporting OTA's mission and advisor corps.
Geographic Goals
The following points note broad geographic/regional goals. More detailed regional and country-specific objectives will be set out in annual implementation plans.
[x] Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Recognize the acute need for assistance in this region, and seek opportunities to initiate or strengthen engagements with reform-minded countries.
[x] Broader Middle East/North Africa (BMENA). Seek opportunities to strengthen or initiate engagements in BMENA countries, with special attention to countries that are key to U.S. foreign policy priorities.
[x] Latin America and Caribbean. Given the importance of encouraging stability, growth, and friendly relations within this hemisphere, identify opportunities to support reformminded countries and sub-regions.
[x] Asia. Identify opportunities to engage in those countries where Treasury and the U.S. Government have substantial interests.
Former Soviet Union/Central and Eastern Europe (FSU/CEE). Manage the phase-out and shift of OTA activities from the FSU and CEE to regions where needs are greater. As this process continues, support selected sub-regions and countries in the FSU/CEE area where significant needs still exist.
TABLE A - FISCAL YEAR 2007 BUDGET EXECUTION PLAN
Treasury International Affairs Technical Assistance (TIATA)
Project Allocation from Fiscal Year 2007 Budget
Subtotal Sub-Saharan Africa
$285,078 $6,451,500 $6,736,578
Table A - FISCAL YEAR 2007 BUDGET EXECUTION PLAN
Project Allocation from Fiscal Year 2007 Budget
Project Allocation from Fiscal Year 2007 Budget
Table A - FISCAL YEAR 2007 BUDGET EXECUTION PLAN
Project Allocation from Fiscal Year 2007 Budget
Subtotal Latin America and Caribbean
$0 $5,618,500 $5,618,500
Table A - FISCAL YEAR 2007 BUDGET EXECUTION PLAN
Project Allocation from Fiscal Year 2007 Budget
TABLE B - FISCAL YEAR 2007 Non-TIATA Sources of Funding
Fiscal Year 2007
TOTAL
$17,003,908
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HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/eng_Latn/train
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The Kodiak is Glacier’s 5th generation design since our founding in 2001.
- OUTDOOR READABLE LED DISPLAY IN 10.4” OR 12.1”.
- PROJECTIVE CAPACITIVE TOUCHSCREENS
- CERTIFIED TO IP65 & DESIGNED TO MIL-STD-810F STANDARDS
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Glacier Computer
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HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/eng_Latn/train
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finepdfs
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INDICAÇÃO Nº 13209/2023
Melhoria na sinalização de trânsito na Avenida Moacyr Lourençon, altura do n.º 3.833 (Bairro do Poste)
Considerando que há reclamações recorrentes de moradores quanto à velocidade dos carros que passam pelo local;
Considerando que não há sinalizações suficientes informando a curva existente no endereço abaixo citado;
Considerando que há relatos de acidentes na curva destacada em foto anexa,
INDICO ao Chefe do Executivo sejam adotadas as providências cabíveis, junto ao setor competente, para melhoria na sinalização de trânsito na Avenida Moacyr Lourençon, altura do n.º 3.833 (Bairro do Poste)
Sala das Sessões, em 26 de setembro de 2023.
EDICARLOS VIEIRA Edicarlos Vetor Oeste
INDICAÇÃO Nº 13209/2023 - Protocolo nº 5699/2023 recebido em 25/09/2023 11:51:26 - Esta é uma cópia do original assinado digitalmente por Edicarlos Vieira
/gco
Pag. 1/2
Para validar o documento, leia o código QR ou acesse https://sapl.jundiai.sp.leg.br/conferir_assinatura e informe o código 3933-75E5-7C30-1D9C.
ANEXO
INDICAÇÃO Nº 13209/2023 - Protocolo nº 5699/2023 recebido em 25/09/2023 11:51:26 - Esta é uma cópia do original assinado digitalmente por Edicarlos Vieira
/gco
Assinado digitalmente
Pag. 2/2
Para validar o documento, leia o código QR ou acesse https://sapl.jundiai.sp.leg.br/conferir_assinatura e informe o código 3933-75E5-7C30-1D9C.
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HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/por_Latn/train
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STATE OF WEST VIRGINIA SUPREME COURT OF APPEALS
In re E.H.
No. 19-0761 (Greenbrier County 19-JA-25)
FILED April 28, 2020
EDYTHE NASH GAISER, CLERK SUPREME COURT OF APPEALS OF WEST VIRGINIA
MEMORANDUM DECISION
Petitioner Father T.H., by counsel Nicole D. Graybeal, appeals the Circuit Court of Greenbrier County's July 17, 2019, order terminating his parental rights to E.H. 1 The West Virginia Department of Health and Human Resources ("DHHR"), by counsel Mindy M. Parsley, filed a response in support of the circuit court's order. The guardian ad litem ("guardian"), Michael R. Whitt, filed a response on behalf of the child also in support of the circuit court's order. On appeal, petitioner argues that the circuit court erred in relying on events that occurred after the issuance of the emergency order to justify the removal of the child and terminating petitioner's parental rights (1) when he was not afforded an improvement period, (2) without first employing a less-restrictive alternative, and (3) on the basis that he allowed the biological mother, whose parental rights had previously been terminated, to contact the child. 2
1Consistent with our long-standing practice in cases with sensitive facts, we use initials where necessary to protect the identities of those involved in this case. See In re K.H., 235 W. Va. 254, 773 S.E.2d 20 (2015); Melinda H. v. William R. II, 230 W. Va. 731, 742 S.E.2d 419 (2013); State v. Brandon B., 218 W. Va. 324, 624 S.E.2d 761 (2005); State v. Edward Charles L., 183 W. Va. 641, 398 S.E.2d 123 (1990).
2Specifically, petitioner argues that the circuit court violated his constitutional rights when it terminated his parental rights on the basis that he allowed continued contact between the mother and the child. However, petitioner's brief is inadequate as it lacks citation to the record or applicable law. Indeed, petitioner provides only one citation: "[The natural right of a parent to custody of his child] is a fundamental liberty protected and guaranteed by the due process clause. U.S.C.A. Const. Amends. 5, 14." Yet, this brief mention is not accompanied by any legal analysis. Petitioner's failure to provide any support for his argument is in violation of Rule 10(c)(7) of the West Virginia Rules of Appellate Procedure, as follows:
The brief must contain an argument exhibiting clearly the points of fact and law presented, the standard of review applicable, and citing the authorities relied on, under headings that correspond with the assignments of error. The argument must
(continued . . .)
This Court has considered the parties' briefs and the record on appeal. The facts and legal arguments are adequately presented, and the decisional process would not be significantly aided by oral argument. Upon consideration of the standard of review, the briefs, and the record presented, the Court finds no substantial question of law and no prejudicial error. For these reasons, a memorandum decision affirming the circuit court's order is appropriate under Rule 21 of the Rules of Appellate Procedure.
In February of 2017, the DHHR filed a prior child abuse and neglect petition against the parents alleging drug abuse and domestic violence in the presence of the child. Both parents stipulated to the allegations contained in the petition, and they were granted post-adjudicatory improvement periods. The mother continued to abuse drugs and did not successfully complete her improvement period, ultimately resulting in the termination of her parental rights to the child. Petitioner, however, successfully completed his improvement period, and the child was returned to his custody around November of 2018.
The DHHR filed the instant child abuse and neglect petition against petitioner in March of 2019. In the petition, the DHHR set forth an investigation conducted after having received a referral on January 23, 2019, only three months after the child had been returned to petitioner's custody. Specifically, the DHHR stated that it had received a referral that petitioner was using drugs in the presence of the child and that the child was dirty and smelled bad. On January 25, 2019, a Child Protective Services ("CPS") worker went to a school and interviewed petitioner's nephew, who also lived in the home. Petitioner's nephew described, in a very detailed manner, drug abuse by petitioner, petitioner's brother, and the grandmother. Following this interview, a CPS worker interviewed E.H., the only child at issue on appeal, who reported that petitioner allowed her to see her mother on a regular basis. The CPS worker contacted petitioner on March 6, 2019, to confront him with the children's disclosures. Petitioner denied any drug abuse or allowing E.H. to see her mother. Petitioner refused to sign an in-home safety plan at that time; however, two days later, petitioner signed the safety plan and agreed to in-home services. On March 14, 2019, a CPS worker went to petitioner's home to check on the child, but no one was home. That same day, a police officer spoke to petitioner's brother, who informed the officer that he had not seen petitioner or the child in a few days. Upon speaking with E.H.'s maternal grandmother, the CPS worker learned that petitioner, the mother, and the child had fled to "one of the Carolinas." Sergeant Steve Murphy of the West Virginia State Police began a missing person investigation regarding the child, and confirmed that petitioner, the mother, and the child had stayed in North Carolina for three nights. On March 15, 2019, the DHHR filed an application for ratification of emergency custody, indicating that the child was in danger due to petitioner's drug abuse, continued contact with the mother, and due to petitioner having fled the State with the child in violation of the safety plan. A magistrate court entered an order ratifying emergency custody of
contain appropriate and specific citations to the record on appeal, including citations that pinpoint when and how the issues in the assignments of error were presented to the lower tribunal. The Court may disregard errors that are not adequately supported by specific references to the record on appeal.
the child that same day. As of the petition's filing on March 19, 2019, the child was still considered a missing person. The order filing the petition found that imminent danger to the child existed and transferred custody of the child to the DHHR. The child was located and removed from petitioner's custody one day after the petition's filing.
The DHHR filed an amended petition in April of 2019, wherein it alleged that petitioner had been charged with child neglect creating risk of injury and conspiracy in regard to the manner in which the child had been located on March 20, 2019. Specifically, the child was found in a home with three loaded firearms and drug paraphernalia within her reach.
A preliminary hearing was held later in April of 2019. A CPS worker testified regarding the allegations contained in the petition and noted that the DHHR was concerned for the child's welfare because petitioner had signed the safety plan and stated that he would participate in services, but did not notify the DHHR or service providers of his whereabouts after he fled the State. The CPS worker also testified that she made petitioner's attorney aware that he could not move to another state with the child while an open case was pending. Sergeant Murphy testified that he received a call on March 15, 2019, regarding the missing child and described his investigation. Sergeant Murphy testified that he tracked petitioner, the mother, and the child to a motel in North Carolina, but stated they had checked out of the hotel prior to his discovery of their location. Sergeant Murphy testified that he eventually located petitioner, the mother, and the child at a residence in West Virginia on March 20, 2019. Sergeant Murphy noted that three loaded firearms were located in the home, as well as drug paraphernalia on the coffee tables and shelves, all of which were within the child's reach. Sergeant Murphy found the mother hiding the child in the bathroom. Petitioner's mother testified that she became aware that the police were looking for petitioner and the child around March 15, 2019, and that she informed petitioner of the situation that same day. The mother testified that petitioner responded that he had custody of the child and there was no reason for officers to be looking for the child.
Following this testimony, the circuit court found that the DHHR's removal of the child was proper and that the evidence presented demonstrated that the child was in imminent danger. Despite petitioner's counsel's request to not consider testimony regarding events that occurred after the March 15, 2019, petition for ratification of emergency custody, the circuit court determined "[t]hat [this] evidence is directly relevant to the situation and the [c]ourt must consider it in order to protect the child." The circuit court further found that petitioner had heard from two separate sources on the very day that he had either left for North Carolina, or no later than the 15th of March, that law enforcement was looking for him, and from one of those sources, indicated a change in custody had been effected by an emergency order of the Magistrate Court. It is not a safe situation for a child to be hidden and to live the life of a fugitive.
At an adjudicatory hearing held in May of 2019, the circuit court took judicial notice of the testimony presented at the preliminary hearing and admitted a report from the multidisciplinary team, DHHR summaries, and a Court Appointed Special Advocate report. After hearing argument, the circuit court adjudicated petitioner as an abusing parent, finding that the "manner, place, and
nature of the supervision provided by [petitioner] were negligent, [and] were threatening to the child."
In June of 2019, the circuit court held a dispositional hearing wherein petitioner requested an improvement period. Petitioner testified that he should have contacted the police regarding his whereabouts, kept the firearms in a secure location, and should not have allowed the child around the mother. Petitioner testified that he would be willing to address those issues through an improvement period and was confident that he could abide by any terms and conditions required of him. However, when asked whether the mother was under the influence of drugs while in the child's presence, petitioner responded "if I had to guess, yeah." Petitioner claimed that he thought the child was fine in the presence of her mother as long as petitioner was with her. Petitioner also denied knowledge of the drug paraphernalia found in the home in which he and the child were located. When asked whether he believed the child had been harmed "by what went on in this case," petitioner responded that he thought it was harmful for the child to see him be arrested.
The DHHR presented the testimony of a caseworker, who stated that petitioner had previously been provided parenting and adult life skills classes and visitation during his improvement period in the prior case. According to the caseworker, there were no other services that petitioner could benefit from. Ultimately, the circuit court found that petitioner had previously received extensive services, but failed to respond to such services and had not internalized basic concepts relative to the protection of the child. The circuit court further found that, following the dismissal of the prior proceedings, petitioner took a series of actions that placed the child at risk. The circuit court did not believe there were any additional services that could be provided to petitioner to help him remedy the conditions of abuse and neglect and, therefore, denied petitioner's motion for an improvement period. Based on the foregoing, the circuit court terminated petitioner's parental rights upon finding that there was no reasonable likelihood that petitioner could correct the conditions of abuse and neglect in the near future and that termination of his parental rights was necessary for the child's welfare. It is from the July 17, 2019, dispositional order that petitioner appeals. 3
The Court has previously established the following standard of review in cases such as this:
"Although conclusions of law reached by a circuit court are subject to de novo review, when an action, such as an abuse and neglect case, is tried upon the facts without a jury, the circuit court shall make a determination based upon the evidence and shall make findings of fact and conclusions of law as to whether such child is abused or neglected. These findings shall not be set aside by a reviewing court unless clearly erroneous. A finding is clearly erroneous when, although there is evidence to support the finding, the reviewing court on the entire evidence is left with the definite and firm conviction that a mistake has been committed. However, a reviewing court may not overturn a finding simply because it would have decided the case differently, and it must affirm a finding if the circuit court's account of the
3The mother's parental rights were terminated in 2018. The child is placed in a foster home with a permanency plan of adoption therein.
evidence is plausible in light of the record viewed in its entirety." Syl. Pt. 1, In Interest of Tiffany Marie S., 196 W.Va. 223, 470 S.E.2d 177 (1996).
Syl. Pt. 1, In re Cecil T., 228 W. Va. 89, 717 S.E.2d 873 (2011).
On appeal, petitioner argues that the circuit court erred in relying on events that occurred after the issuance of the order ratifying emergency custody to justify the removal of the child. Petitioner contends that the order granting emergency custody should not have been issued because the allegations of drug abuse in the presence of the child were never substantiated and because the child was not in imminent danger while she was in North Carolina. According to petitioner, these issues, which occurred prior to the issuance of the order granting emergency custody of the child to the DHHR, were insufficient to justify removal of the child. Moreover, petitioner avers that the circuit court erred in relying on the circumstances under which the child was located in the presence of firearms and drug paraphernalia to justify the removal because those events occurred after the order was issued. We find that petitioner is entitled to no relief in this regard.
Here, two sections of Chapter 49 of the West Virginia Code are applicable in considering the grant of emergency custody below. First, the DHHR filed an application for ratification of emergency custody on March 15, 2019. West Virginia § 49-4-303 provides that a DHHR worker "may take the child into his or her custody" prior to the filing of the petition when
(1) In the presence of a child protective service worker a child or children are in an emergency situation which constitutes an imminent danger to the physical wellbeing of the child or children, as that phrase is defined in section two hundred one, article one of this chapter; and
(2) The worker has probable cause to believe that the child or children will suffer additional child abuse or neglect or will be removed from the county before a petition can be filed and temporary custody can be ordered.
In its application, the DHHR listed petitioner's alleged drug abuse and fleeing the State with the child to support its request for emergency custody of the child. The magistrate court found that the circumstances presented constituted imminent danger to the child and ratified the DHHR's application for emergency custody. Second, the DHHR filed an amended child abuse and neglect petition on March 19, 2019, alleging that petitioner fled the State with the child after a safety plan had been initiated upon allegations of substance abuse in the child's presence. West Virginia Code § 49-4-602(a)(1) permits a circuit court to order a child into the DHHR's custody for not more than ten days if the court finds that the contents of the abuse and neglect petition demonstrate imminent danger and there are no reasonably available alternatives to removal. Here, following the DHHR's filing of the petition on March 19, 2019, the circuit court issued an order making findings, based on the contents of the petition, that "[t]here exists imminent danger to the physical well-being of the child . . . and there are no reasonable available alternatives to removal of the child from the home." As such, the circuit court essentially continued custody of the child with the DHHR. Then, after the filing of an amended petition adding allegations regarding the circumstances in which the child was located, the circuit court held a preliminary hearing in April of 2019. After hearing testimony describing petitioner's actions of signing the safety plan; fleeing
to North Carolina; and exposing the child to her mother, drug paraphernalia, and loaded guns, the circuit court found that "there is probable cause to believe that the child was in imminent danger at the time of the removal from the home and the filing of the petition" based upon testimony regarding petitioner's "concealment of the child from the [DHHR] and law enforcement, as well [as] his possession of firearms and drug paraphernalia while the child was with him."
Based on these facts, we find no error in the circuit court's finding of probable cause that there was imminent danger to the child in the order following the preliminary hearing. Upon our review, we find no procedural error in the manner the DHHR handled the case below. It is clear that at each stage of the proceedings up to the preliminary hearing, the DHHR was granted emergency custody based upon facts alleged at that time. Further, the requisite findings of imminent danger pursuant to West Virginia Code §§ 49-4-303 and 49-4-602 were made at the appropriate junctures in the proceedings. Although petitioner claims that the child was not in imminent danger while in North Carolina, the circuit court found that his concealment of the child from the DHHR and law enforcement officers constituted imminent danger to the child. Petitioner's fleeing out of State was the exact issue considered by the magistrate court in issuing the order ratifying emergency custody. Therefore, the circuit court properly found imminent danger existed at the time the emergency removal was ratified apart from any findings regarding the situation in which the child was found by Sergeant Murphy.
In any event, petitioner cites to no authority standing for the proposition that a circuit court is precluded from considering information that arises after the grant of emergency custody to the DHHR prior to the filing of a petition but before the preliminary hearing on subsequently filed petitions. To the extent petitioner contends that the circuit court erroneously relied on the fact that the child was found in the presence of drug paraphernalia and loaded guns to justify the magistrate's issuance of an order ratifying emergency custody, we find no error. It is clear that the DHHR properly filed a petition and an amended petition including allegations surrounding this incident. Thereafter, a preliminary hearing was held to make findings regarding both petitions, as well as the removal of the child. Based on the evidence presented, the circuit court made appropriate findings under West Virginia Code § 49-4-602. Accordingly, we find the circuit court did not err in considering the allegations contained in the second amended petition as they were to be considered at the preliminary hearing and could be used as a basis for continuing emergency custody of the child with the DHHR as of the time of the amended petition's filing.
Petitioner's next assignments of error relate to the termination of his parental rights and will be considered together. Petitioner alleges that the circuit court erred in terminating his parental rights without first granting him an improvement period. According to petitioner, there was clear and convincing evidence that he was likely to fully participate in an improvement period because he successfully completed an improvement period in the prior proceedings and testified during the proceedings below that he was willing to do whatever was necessary to regain custody of the child. Further, petitioner testified that he was unaware that the mother was not permitted to be around the child and did not intentionally allow the mother around the child, as they "ran into each other in a public setting on the original occasion." Petitioner also argues that the circuit court erred in denying him a less-restrictive alternative to the termination of his parental rights. We disagree.
We have previously held that the decision to grant or deny an improvement period rests in the sound discretion of the circuit court. See In re M.M., 236 W. Va. 108, 115, 778 S.E.2d 338, 345 (2015) ("West Virginia law allows the circuit court discretion in deciding whether to grant a parent an improvement period."); Syl. Pt. 6, in part, In re Katie S., 198 W. Va. 79, 479 S.E.2d 589 (1996) (It is within the court's discretion to grant an improvement period within the applicable statutory requirements.").We have also held that a parent's "entitlement to an improvement period is conditioned upon the ability of the [parent] to demonstrate 'by clear and convincing evidence, that the respondent is likely to fully participate in the improvement period.'" In re Charity H., 215 W. Va. 208, 215, 599 S.E.2d 631, 638 (2004).
Here, petitioner failed to demonstrate that he was likely to fully participate in an improvement period. Only months prior to the initiation of the instant proceedings, petitioner participated in an improvement period that required his participation in parenting and adult life skills classes, supervised visitation, and inpatient substance abuse treatment. While petitioner successfully regained custody of his child, he reverted to his abusive and neglectful ways only three months later and allowed the child to have contact with the mother, who continued to abuse drugs. Petitioner maintained throughout the proceedings that the child was safe in the mother's presence as long as he was with her. While petitioner contends that he did not intentionally expose the child to the mother on the "original occasion," he fails to address why he continued to allow the mother around the child following that occasion, including when he and the mother fled to North Carolina with the child. Petitioner also denied knowledge of the drug paraphernalia in the room with the child and stated that the harm to his child was merely seeing him arrested. This Court has held that
[i]n order to remedy the abuse and/or neglect problem, the problem must first be acknowledged. Failure to acknowledge the existence of the problem, i.e., the truth of the basic allegation pertaining to the alleged abuse and neglect or the perpetrator of said abuse and neglect, results in making the problem untreatable and in making an improvement period an exercise in futility at the child's expense.
In re Timber M., 231 W. Va. 44, 55, 743 S.E.2d 352, 363 (2013) (quoting In re Charity H., 215 W. Va. at 217, 599 S.E.2d at 640). Based upon petitioner's failure to recognize how his actions constituted abuse and neglect despite months of extensive services less than a year prior to these proceedings, we find no error in the circuit court's denial of petitioner's request for an improvement period.
We likewise find no error in the circuit court's termination of petitioner's parental rights. West Virginia Code § 49-4-604(b)(6) provides that circuit courts are to terminate parental rights upon findings that there is "no reasonable likelihood that the conditions of neglect or abuse can be substantially corrected in the near future" and that termination is necessary for the child's welfare. West Virginia Code § 49-4-604(c) provides that a circuit court may find that there is no reasonable likelihood that the conditions of abuse and neglect can be substantially corrected when "the abusing adult . . . [has] demonstrated an inadequate capacity to solve the problems of abuse or neglect on their own or with help."
The record establishes that petitioner demonstrated an inadequate capacity to solve the problems of abuse or neglect on his own or with help. Despite having participated in extensive
services in the prior proceeding, petitioner continued to allow the mother around the child even though she was abusing controlled substances—the issue for which her parental rights were terminated, in part, in 2018. In response to the DHHR's attempt to provide in-home safety services to petitioner, he and the mother took the child and fled to North Carolina. Even though petitioner learned that law enforcement was looking for the child, he refused to contact them or to return with the child. Rather, petitioner hid the child in a room with loaded firearms and drug paraphernalia, all within reach of the child. Throughout the proceedings, petitioner failed to acknowledge that he put the child in danger or that allowing the mother in the child's presence was harmful to her welfare. Petitioner claimed that the child was not harmed, except for seeing him arrested, and that he did not understand that allowing the mother in the child's presence was harmful, stating that if he "had the say-so of [the child], then [he] could keep [the child] safe." Ultimately, the circuit court found that there were no additional services that could be provided to petitioner that would help him remedy the conditions of abuse and neglect as he was unable to internalize basic concepts relating to the protection of the child. While petitioner argues that he should have been granted a less-restrictive alternative to termination of his parental rights, we have previously held that "[c]ourts are not required to exhaust every speculative possibility of parental improvement . . . where it appears that the welfare of the child will be seriously threatened." Cecil T., 228 W. Va. at 91, 717 S.E.2d at 875, syl. pt. 4 (citing syl. pt. 1, in part, In re R.J.M., 164 W. Va. 496, 266 S.E.2d 114 (1980)). Moreover,
"[t]ermination of parental rights, the most drastic remedy under the statutory provision covering the disposition of neglected children, [West Virginia Code § 49-4-604] may be employed without the use of intervening less restrictive alternatives when it is found that there is no reasonable likelihood under [West Virginia Code § 49-4-604(c)] that conditions of neglect or abuse can be substantially corrected." Syllabus point 2, In re R.J.M., 164 W.Va. 496, 266 S.E.2d 114 (1980).
Syl. Pt. 5, In re Kristin Y., 227 W. Va. 558, 712 S.E.2d 55 (2011). It is clear that petitioner refused to acknowledge the conditions of abuse and neglect despite having previously received services only a few short months prior to the initiation of the instant proceedings. The evidence supports the circuit court's findings that there was no reasonable likelihood that petitioner could correct the conditions of abuse and neglect in the near future and that termination was necessary for the child's welfare. Based on the foregoing, we find no error in the circuit court's termination of petitioner's parental rights.
For the foregoing reasons, we find no error in the decision of the circuit court, and its July 17, 2019, order is hereby affirmed.
Affirmed.
ISSUED
: April 28, 2020
CONCURRED IN BY:
Chief Justice Tim Armstead Justice Margaret L. Workman Justice Elizabeth D. Walker Justice Evan H. Jenkins Justice John A. Hutchison
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COMUNICATO STAMPA
ANTARES VISION GROUP ACQUISISCE PACKITAL E INGG.VESCOVINI, POTENZIANDO IL POSIZIONAMENTO NEL FOOD & BEVERAGE PER I CONTROLLI QUALITA'
Travagliato (Brescia), 2 Agosto 2022 – Antares Vision Group, multinazionale italiana leader nella tracciabilità e nel controllo qualità, che garantisce la trasparenza di prodotti e filiere attraverso la gestione integrata dei dati, comunica di aver acquisito oggi, attraverso la propria controllata FT System, il 100% di Packital Srl e di Ingg. Vescovini Srl.
Dal 1989 Packital, con sede a Fidenza (PR), sviluppa, progetta, produce e distribuisce sistemi di ispezione e controllo qualità come controlli peso, metal detector, raggi x e selezionatrici ponderali, con una specializzazione in ambienti umidi e difficili, anche in presenza di prodotti corrosivi. Inoltre Packital è certificato come Organismo di Ispezione per la verifica degli strumenti di pesatura.
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"Con Packital e Ingg.Vescovini, rafforziamo ulteriormente la nostra presenza nel Food & Beverage ampliando il nostro portafoglio di soluzioni di ispezione per il controllo qualità, complementari a quelle attuali. In questo modo potenziamo la nostra struttura con personale qualificato e specializzato nelle tecnologie di ispezione, aumentando la nostra capacità tecnica e produttiva, nonché la nostra presenza sul mercato", ha dichiarato Fabio Forestelli, CEO di FT System S.r.l, Board Member Antares Vision Group.
"Dopo oltre trent'anni di esperienza, passione e competenza nell'ambito dei controlli di ispezione nel Food & Beverage, abbiamo scelto Antares Vision Group, per continuare a far crescere il valore che è stato creato sul mercato, grazie ad una condivisione di valori ed obiettivi" afferma Giacomo Vacca, CEO di Packital
"L'esperienza di oltre sessant'anni nel nostro settore è un valore fondamentale, che guarda il passato ma consente di vedere il futuro. Siamo riconoscenti a tutte le nostre persone per il contributo dato finora e siamo certi che l'ingresso in Antares Vision Group rappresenti un'opportunità importante per continuare a portare innovazione." dichiara Paolo Vescovini, CEO di Ingg. Vescovini
COMUNICATO STAMPA
Razionale strategico
Le acquisizioni di Packital e Ingg. Vescovini rappresentano un'importante opportunità strategica per Antares Vision Group, in quanto continuano e rafforzano il posizionamento nel settore Food & Beverage intrapreso nel 2021 con le acquisizioni di Pentec e Tecnel, attraverso la controllata FT System. Nel dettaglio, permettono di:
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- un portafoglio di controlli qualità e ispezioni unico e distintivo sul mercato, per varietà e profondità di gamma;
- il completamento della gamma attuale con soluzioni per il controllo qualità in ambienti difficili (polverosi, umidi, corrosivi);
- ampliare la proposta di servizi anche per certificazioni periodiche degli strumenti di pesatura.
2) Aumentare la quota di mercato nel settore Food & Beverage, grazie a:
- una base clienti attivi (circa 400), per la maggior parte nuovi all'interno del Gruppo.
- Un presidio tecnologico nell'ambito di componenti essenziali come le schede elettroniche.
3) Rafforzare il know-how tecnologico
- nell'ispezione e controllo qualità, grazie ad un team di progettazione e programmazione software altamente qualificato e con un expertise costruito negli anni
- nelle schede elettroniche: preservando il know-how (schemi e file sorgenti) che negli anni di attività la Ingg. Vescovini ha sviluppato per FT System; potenziando gli attuali sviluppi con un team di progettazione, produzione e assistenza nel settore alimentare; offrendo soluzioni personalizzate, che possono consolidare e fidelizzare le relazioni con i clienti; mantenendo una leadership tecnologica in grado di guidare l'innovazione e lo sviluppo nell'ambito specifico
4) Potenziare la capacità produttiva
- grazie a controlli di qualità e di ispezione che vanno ad incrementare – per alcune tipologie la base esistente
- grazie a schede elettroniche proprietarie e relativi software di gestione, per soddisfare le richieste sia del mercato, sia delle necessità del Gruppo, garantendo una riserva utile per affrontare gli shortage di filiera
5) Opportunità di cross technology come Gruppo
- grazie alle schede elettroniche proprietarie e relativi software di gestione, in grado di supportare le esigenze tecnologiche delle diverse product unit del gruppo, sviluppando applicazioni innovative nei progetti attuali e futuri.
6) Opportunità di cross industry come Gruppo
- grazie a controlli di qualità e di ispezione che possono trovare utilizzi in aree di business nelle aree attuali e potenziali.
L'ing. Paolo Vescovini, attuale Presidente di Packital e Ingg.Vescovini, sarà legato da un Management Agreement della durata di tre anni per garantire il passaggio di consegne. La prossimità geografica, la conoscenza e la stima reciproca contribuiranno ad agevolare l'integrazione.
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CHI È ANTARES VISION GROUP
Antares Vision Group è un partner tecnologico d'eccellenza nella digitalizzazione e nell'innovazione per imprese e istituzioni, per garantire la sicurezza di prodotti e persone, la competitività dei business e la salvaguardia del pianeta. Offre un ecosistema di tecnologie, unico e completo, per garantire la qualità dei prodotti (sistemi e macchine di ispezione) e la tracciabilità dei prodotti lungo la filiera (dalle materie prime, alla produzione, dalla distribuzione fino al consumatore), con una gestione integrata di dati, di produzione e di filiera, anche tramite l'applicazione dell'intelligenza artificiale e l'utilizzo di blockchain. Antares Vision Group è attivo nel settore Life Science (farmaceutico, dispositivi biomedicali e ospedali), e nel FMCG (Fast-Moving Consumer Goods: alimentare, beverage, cosmetico e contenitori vetro & metallo). Leader mondiale per la tracciabilità dei farmaci, fornisce i principali produttori mondiali (oltre il 50% delle top 20 multinazionali) e diverse autorità governative, di soluzioni per monitorare la filiera e validare l'autenticità dei prodotti. Società quotata da aprile 2019 su AIM Italia e dal 14 maggio 2021 su MTA - segmento STAR, Antares Vision Group ha raggiunto un volume d'affari nel 2021 per €179 milioni, è presente in 60 Paesi, impiega oltre 1000 dipendenti e consolida una rete di oltre 40 Partners internazionali. Ulteriori informazioni sono reperibili sul sito www.antaresvision.com e su www.antaresvisiongroup.com.
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- Faros y antiniebla LED
- Pintura blanco sólido Alpinweiss
BMW Serie 318d Berlina
Desde 415€/mes + IVA*
- Paquete Business
- Control de crucero
- Sistema de navegación Business
- Control distancia de aparcamiento PDC
- Llantas aleación ligera 16”
- Faros y antinieblas LED
- Pintura blanco sólido Alpinweiss
BMW Serie 520d Berlina
Desde 574€/mes + IVA*
- Paquete Business
- Control de crucero
- Sistema de navegación Business
- Control distancia de aparcamiento PDC
- Cambio automático
- Llantas aleación ligera 17”
- Faros Antiniebla LED
- Pintura blanco sólido Alpinweiss
| | 15000km/año | 20000km/año | 30000km/año | 35000km/año | 40000km/año | 50000km/año |
|----------------------|-------------|-------------|-------------|-------------|-------------|-------------|
| BMW Serie 116d 5 puertas | 329,16€ | 340,16€ | 366,04€ | 390,32€ | 411,21€ | 457,45€ |
| BMW Serie 318d Berlina | 414,81€ | 427,57€ | 461,18€ | 489,03€ | 507,63€ | 555,46€ |
| BMW Serie 520d Berlina | 573,72€ | 583,87€ | 631,84€ | 669,86€ | 703,72€ | 796,40€ |
Cuotas calculadas a 48 meses
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HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/spa_Latn/train
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finepdfs
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spa_Latn
| 1,408
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Failure Mechanism Analysis and Corrective Actions
Edge Wear*
Corrective Action
* Increase feed rate.
* Reduce speed (sfm/m/min).
* Use more wear resistant grade.
* Apply coated grade.
Heat Deformation
Corrective Action
* Reduce speed.
* Reduce feed.
* Reduce depth-of-cut (doc).
* Use grade with higher hot hardness.
Thermal Cracking
Corrective Action
* Properly apply coolant.
* Reduce speed.
* Reduce feed.
* Apply coated grades.
Crater
Corrective Action
Corrective Action
* Utilize stronger grade.
* Consider edge preparation.
* Check rigidity of system.
* Increase lead angle.
Depth-of-Cut Notching
Corrective Action
* Change lead angle.
* Consider edge preparation.
* Apply different grade.
Corrective Action
* Utilize coolant.
* Increase speed (sfm/m/min).
* Edge prep (smaller hone).
* Increase feed rate.
* Apply coated grades or cermets.
Catastrophic Breakage
Corrective Action
* Reduce feed rate.
* Reduce feed rate. • Reduce speed (sfm/m/min).
* Apply coated grades or cermets.
* Reduce depth-of-cut (doc).
* Utilize coolant.
* Utilize stronger insert geometry or grade.
* Check rigidity of system.
*NOTE: Generally, roughing inserts should be indexed when 10 - 15% of insert thickness flank wear is reached. For finishing operations, index at 5 - 10% flank wear or sooner.
|
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HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/eng_Latn/train
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finepdfs
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eng_Latn
| 1,306
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2007 NAIAS Sneak Peek of Concepts
December 19, 2006, Auburn Hills, Mich. -
It's 31 seconds of drummin', thumpin', flyin' frames. If you look quickly enough you can catch a glimpse of the Chrysler Nassau and the Jeep Trailhawk — the two concept vehicles we'll be unveiling at the North American International Auto Show. Click here to view the video!
-###-
Additional information and news from Stellantis are available at: https://media.stellantisnorthamerica.com
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HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/eng_Latn/train
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finepdfs
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eng_Latn
| 466
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A possibilidade da colonização efetiva, isto é, por várias gerações sucessivas, dos trópicos, pelo homem branco, continua tema muito controvertido. Vários fatores condicionam e se opõem à radicação do branco nas zonas tropicais, e as reações entre esses agentes e os colonizadores, ainda mal conhecidas, estão longe de legitimar quaisquer conclusões de caráter definitivo, favoráveis ou não, considerado o assunto em toda a sua plenitude. Um dos fatores, e talvez o menos controlado cientificamente até aqui, por falta de dados e estudos — o clima — é, por isso mesmo, o que dá lugar a opiniões mais extremas. Entre as convicções mais descrentes da aclimação do homem branco em climas tropicais, afora as da escola huntingtoniana, sobejamente conhecida, costuma citar-se de preferência, a do Dr. Andrew Balfour, considerado uma das maiores autoridades na matéria. Expressa-se ela — "No que concerne à raça, estou persuadido que o trópico, quente e úmido, não se presta à colonização branca, e, o quanto nos permite afirmar o conhecimento atual da questão, jamais se prestará, ainda que tais zonas pudessem tornar-se tão saudáveis quanto a Inglaterra". Os mais otimistas, como Manson, Samson, Gorgas e Gutieras, repelem vigorosamente essa condenação, aparentemente irrecorrível. Entre nós, outro grande médico, e não menor espírito, Afrânio Peixoto, apoia com todas as forças essa escola. Em seu livro recente de antigas crenças, Clima e Saúde, chega a declarar peremptoriamente — "O homem é cosmopolita, se tem juízo. Juízo é que é necessário, e não o clima. Há, pois, uma arte de ajudar o clima ou de vencer o clima, adaptando-se a ele. Essa arte é a higiene. Depois há que esperar tudo. Antes, deve começar-se por conformidade e educação..."
A valiosa obra de Grenfell Price, uma das mais recentes monografias editadas pela prestigiosa e esforçada American Geographical Society, procura resumir toda a argumentação em torno dessa difícil quanto momentosa contenda. O autor, em tratando do problema geral da colonização branca nos trópicos, não considera apenas o clima, mas também outros fatores que, naturalmente, complicam as reações observadas, como as características raciais, as doenças parasitárias, o nível cultural, o isolamento, o regime dietético, a higiene, e as propensões sociais cambiantes. Contudo, o clima é o agente primordial, dele dependendo, em parte, os demais.
O livro está dividido em três partes. A primeira, intitulada — Natureza e História do Problema da Colonização do Branco nos Trópicos — compreende os quatro capítulos seguintes: O problema da colonização do branco nos trópicos; as invasões precientíficas dos trópicos; os fracassos britânicos nas Índias Ocidentais; as invasões científicas dos trópicos. A segunda parte, dedicada a estudos regionais de alguns casos de colonização branca nos trópicos, abrange mais sete capítulos: As margens dos aliseos — Flórida e Queensland (capítulo para cada região); as ilhas das Índias Ocidentais sob os aliseos; a Austrália tropical; os planaltos tropicais de Costa Rica e América do Sul; os planaltos tropicais africanos; os americanos no Panamá. Na terceira parte, descritiva dos fatores que condicionam e controlam a colonização do branco nos trópicos, grupam-se seis outros capítulos: problemas raciais; alguns fatores ambientais; aclimação e saúde, em dois capítulos, um com estudos climáticos e estatísticos, e outro, com estudos patológicos, psicológicos e fisiológicos; dieta, vestuário e exercício; problemas administrativos e econômicos.
Enriquece extraordinariamente a obra de Price, quatro apêndices remarcáveis de Robert G. Stone, brilhante e erudito meteorologista do observatório americano de Blue Hill, da Universidade de Harvard, e festejado redator chefe do conhecido e precioso Bulletin da American Meteorological Society. Estes apêndices de verdadeiro mestre, se intitulam: Alguns resultados da pesquisa fisiológica moderna, relativos à aclimação aos trópicos; zonas de conforto e aclimação; uma nota sobre o poder refrigerante; bibliografia adicional de fisiologia e aclimação aos trópicos.
Ninguém melhor que o próprio autor resumiria esta importante obra. Como ele inclui na mesma um capítulo final, com sumário e conclusões, julgámos de melhor aviso traduzi-lo para o leitor dessas ligeiras notas, em lugar de tentarmos nova recapitulação, muito menos expressiva. Antes de dar a palavra a Grenfell
PRICE, devemos salientar o grande valor científico e cultural de seu livro. Embora não chegue a conclusões bem definidas, e, muito menos definitivas, o que, por isso mesmo, dada a matéria, lhe realça sobremaneira, desta, o judicioso tratamento, não há, indiscutivelmente, assim enfeixadas, melhores, mais amplas e mais idôneas explanações, em qualquer outra obra existente sobre o tema versado. Trata-se pois, de livro de referência de maior autoridade. A colaboração de ROBERT STONE deverá igualmente ser destacada, e quase pelos mesmos motivos; as suas notas e comentários são sempre ponderosos, e calcados, absolutamente, nas melhores fontes e mais atualizadas. Para essa parte capital de seu livro, GRENFELL PRICE não poderia ter-se associado a colaborador mais competente, hábil e erudito. Vejamos agora como PRICE condensa, ele próprio, a sua substanciosa monografia:
"Volvamos às primeiras interrogações. Porque, em geral, há malogrado a colonização branca nos trópicos? Será que começa, agora, a melhorar a situação? Serão os esforços nesse sentido, afinal, coroados de êxito? Não é difícil dar a essas perguntas, respostas superficiais: que obstáculos vários, particularmente a doença, teem impedido o progresso da colonização branca, e que a situação melhora com o avanço da ciência, cuja maior expansão poderá garantir, por fim, pleno sucesso. Infelizmente, essas respostas são demasiadamente simplistas. Os capítulos anteriores apontaram o número e a complexidade dos fatores envolvidos — humanos, ambientais e culturais — que armam esse problema, e quão profundamente difícil se nos depara a sua análise basilar. Como diz LUCIEN FEBVRE em sua "A GEOGRAPHICAL INTRODUCTION TO HISTORY" — "Apenas atingimos aquela fase do Gênesis em que mal se distingue a luz nas trevas". A expansão do conhecimento científico, revela continuamente novas modalidades de interação entre o homem e o que o cerca, e enquanto se não descobrem e elucidam todas as interações, há grave risco de se tornarem prematuras quaisquer generalizações. Acresce que, nem o homem ou o seu ambiente é de natureza estática. O esforço humano se evidencia em fluxos e refluxos. Os fatores mesológicos aparecem e desaparecem. Há ainda que contar com o fortuito, já que os fatores, além de causais são também casuais.
Contudo, embora devamos acentuar a profunda dificuldade do problema, e a pobreza relativa dos conhecimentos disponíveis, nos será lícito admitir que a história, a observação, assim como as investigações estatísticas e de laboratório, teem proporcionado alguns fatos definidos, no tocante aos vários tipos de ambientes tropicais, e, à interação entre estes e determinados grupos da raça branca. A humanidade tem obtido nos trópicos dados incontestes sobre localidades geográficas, solos, climas, flora, fauna, doenças parasitárias, e outros fenômenos. Existe, de igual, alguma informação quanto às reações de tais fenômenos sobre o homem branco, no que concerne a elementos como a pigmentação, a resistência à infecção, a dieta e aos padrões de vida. Sobrevêm certos fatos, devidamente comprovados, que dizem respeito ao contacto racial — por exemplo: densidade demográfica, a vigência permanente do cruzamento, a preterição de grupos avançados por outros dispostos a aceitar padrões de vida inferiores, e a pressão, política e econômica, exercida pelas populações locais e dirigentes de além-mar sobre os brancos estabelecidos nos trópicos.
Para além desses fatos já constatados, relativos à colonização branca, estende-se vasta massa de dados incertos e de teorias insustentáveis. Dêstes últimos poderemos citar assuntos controvertidos, como as variações de inteligência racial, as relativas capacidades de povos e indivíduos para se ajustarem psicológica ou fisiologicamente aos climas tropicais, mercê de processo conhecido pelo nome de — aclimação, os resultados da miscibilidade dos grupos antropológicos, as teorias sobre os ótima climatéricos, e sobre o clima e a raça. Sem perder de vista os limites e as incertezas dos conhecimentos existentes, passemos a resumir os fatos, problemas e conclusões mais conspícuos, ventilados em capítulos anteriores deste livro.
Fatores do Meio Varia a accessibilidade das regiões tropicais. Da accessibilidade a qualquer país decorrem resultados de ordem externa e interna. Entre os primeiros, estão a pressão das populações estranhas e a proximidade dos mercados de fora; os últimos, compassam os problemas de comunicações e transporte internos. A accessibilidade pode ou não ser vantajosa para as comunidades brancas. O isolamento das comunhões brancas de Costa Rica, sobre os planaltos da América Central, constitui, provavelmente, o motivo principal de as haver isentado da absorção pelos povos indígenas, índios, ou pelo negro, árvena. Por outro lado, os vales andinos orientais seriam zonas ideais de colonização, se tivessem acesso litorâneo. Na situação em que se encontram, o seu desenvolvimento só se verificará quando mais densa a população da terra, e se fizer sentir então a consequente procura maior de seus produtos".
No tocante ao solo, aumentam os dados, ao mesmo tempo que se dissipa a velha crença, falaz pelo exagero, da imensa e geral fertilidade das terras tropicais. Entretanto, os trópicos contem grandes áreas de alta feracidade, cujas potencialidades talvez se revelem mediante cuidadosos estudos pedológicos.
Entre todos os aspectos do cenário tropical, certamente o que tem sido estudado mais de perto é o climático. Abstração feita dos numerosos climas locais e microclimas, bastará ao nosso objetivo distinguir os seis principais tipos climáticos regionais: zonas costeiras de aliseos, as ilhas banhadas por aliseos, os planaltos, os desertos, as regiões equatoriais e as terras de forte amplitude pluviométrica sazonal.
Estes tipos climáticos, ao que parece, teem prestabilidade diferente para a colonização branca. Infelizmente, porém, os fatores constituintes dos climas, a variação desses fatores em regiões distintas, e seus efeitos sobre o colono branco, continuam pontos obscuros. Os brancos teem obtido maior êxito nos trópicos mais temperados, tais como os planaltos, as ilhas e faixas banhadas por aliseos, do que nas zonas quentes e de grande amplitude pluviométrica, dos trópicos baixos. Essa constatação, juntamente com as estatísticas e as experiências de laboratório, parecem condenar como nocivas as temperaturas altas. E' variável a influência do movimento do ar. Ventos fortes poderão ser prejudiciais ao sistema nervoso, mas, segundo observações feitas em Flórida, Jamaica, Saba, Queensland e outros lugares, e, diante de numerosas experiências realizadas em laboratório, conclue-se ser muito benéfica a maior agitação geral do ar. Os efeitos da umidade são incertos, mas a maioria dos homens brancos parece abominar os sítios quentes e úmidos, encontrando-se bem poucos colonos brancos, trabalhadores, nas terras baixas equatoriais. Todavia, urge recordar que, até aqui, em tais regiões, a doença de origem parasitária é o fator maligno dominante. Pouco se sabe sobre as variações do tempo, mas as observações demonstram que a monotonia meteorológica pode bem ser nociva, e que as mutações, ao contrário, concorrem para suavizar a colonização branca, como parecem indicar as pesquisas estatísticas de Huntington. Considera-se a monotonia nos processos atmosféricos o principal inconveniente do clima de planalto tropical, embora maiores altitudes produzam também efeitos nocivos, porém, de outra natureza. Efetuaram-se alguns estudos sobre outros fatores climáticos, tais como a luz solar, a ionização e a eletricidade atmosférica, mas todos com resultados incertos. E podem existir ainda outros agentes climáticos por conhecer. A despeito de seus grandes esforços, os próprios climatologistas ainda não forneceram dados suficientes para a elucidação satisfatória do alcance do fator climático na colonização branca dos trópicos.
A flora e a fauna tropicais, e seus efeitos sobre os padrões sociais e a política administrativa, foram examinados incidentalmente neste livro. Aqui, mais uma vez, a ciência está concorrendo para melhorar a situação dos colonizadores brancos. Plantas e animais teem sido selecionados e transferidos de regiões para outras, tudo isso em escala prodigiosa, dependendo, sem dúvida alguma, o desenvolvimento de imensas áreas, do progresso da ciência, o que se verificou, por exemplo, em certas zonas da Austrália, com clima caracterizado por forte amplitude pluviométrica sazonal. Todos os aspectos do problema apresentam a mesma feição. Embora já se conheça muito a respeito dos fatores mesológicos capazes de afetar os colonizadores brancos dos trópicos, ainda há muito mais a investigar.
As Reações dos Povos Brancos ao Meio Tropical
A história nos conta que numerosos grupos da raça branca invadiram os trópicos nos últimos quatro séculos. Em a maioria dos casos, não lograram constituir comunidades votadas a atividades que demandem esforço maior, inclusive e sobretudo o trabalho manual. Acresce que, as mais das vezes, tiveram êles de recuar, ou então foram absorvidos pelos povos indígenas de cor, ou pelos negros e mestísos importados, e prontos a aceitarem padrões inferiores de vida. Contudo, ocasionalmente, sobreviveram certos grupos brancos, e, de várias feitas, pelo menos aparentemente, se adaptaram com êxito, contando-se entre êles alguns de pequena permanência nos trópicos.
Os invasores podem ser divididos em duas classes — europeus do norte e mediterrâneos. Os últimos, constituídos por espanhóis, italianos e portugueses, reagem mais favoravelmente às condições tropicais do que os brancos da Europa setentrional; e por isso teem sobrevivido em maior escala. O imigrante branco encontrou melhores vantagens de colonização no hemisfério ocidental e na Austrália que nos trópicos do velho mundo. Em áreas como as de Cuba, Puerto Rico, Costa Rica, Flórida e norte de Queensland, onde foram bem sucedidos, o clima tropical era moderado, e, em geral, esparsa a população indígena.
As invasões dos trópicos pelos brancos provaram os seguintes fatos: (1) A maioria dos grupos brancos europeus, quer de origem setentrional, quer mediterrânea, pode habitar o trópico mais moderado, é reproduzir-se por muitas gerações. (2) Nesses climas tropicais mais atenuados, o colono branco logra ocupar-se com qualquer natureza de trabalho, mesmo o manual, e, contrariamente às primeiras opiniões, o labor ou o exercício no trópico, é antes essencial à saúde. (3) Quase todos os colonos brancos dos trópicos proclamam livremente com povos de desenvolvimento cultural inferior, e por eles tendem a ser absorvidos, se suficientemente numerosos. (4) Populações que se dispõem a trabalhar com mais vigor e a aceitar padrões inferiores de vida, tendem a expulsar os grupos que exigem condições mais brandas. (5) Os brancos teem sido grandemente afetados nos trópicos por fatores vários como — doenças e regimes alimentares, fenômenos económicos, orientações políticas e económicas, próprias, ou da administração de além-mar.
Tais fatos parecem bem definidos. A cousa é muito outra porém, quando tentamos examinar as causas dessas reações humanas em face do meio tropical. Está prenhe de dúvidas o problema das reações, racial e individual, as condições do ambiente tropical. Certas populações de cór, como os negros e os chineses, são, nos trópicos, mais conformados e satisfeitos do que os brancos, e estão mais propensos a aceitar padrões inferiores de vida. Assim, também, certos grupos brancos de origem mediterrânea, se dão melhor nos trópicos que os brancos do norte europeu. Entretanto, será impossível dizer se esta “superioridade” promana de características étnicas, de diferenças do desenvolvimento cultural, ou ainda da variabilidade dos ambientes tropicais ocupados pelos grupos invasores. No máximo, podemos afirmar que, por desconhecidas razões, determinados povos de cór se revelam nos trópicos superiores aos grupos brancos, verificando-se análoga graduação entre esses últimos. Este fenômeno não é, porém, peculiar ao trópico. Nos Estados Unidos, por exemplo, se observam muitos casos em que os negros suplantam os brancos, ou em que os brancos, de nível cultural inferior, excedem aos seus superiores em vários tipos de trabalho manual.
Ocorre a mesma dificuldade no tocante às reações individuais. Algumas autoridades sustentam a menor adaptabilidade do louro aos trópicos, resistindo melhor nessas regiões o tipo moreno, mas isso não passa de simples impressão, ainda por ser justificada cientificamente. Consta também que a densidade da população ou o peso demográfico, exerce relevante influência na colonização branca, mas tal fenômeno não se verifica somente nos trópicos. O malêgo da colonização permanente dos brancos em certas regiões temperadas de densa população de cór, indica a existência do mesmo problema em climas mais amenas. Contudo, o pequeno número de homens de cór, atrasados, em zonas como as do norte de Queensland e Costa Rica, facilitou inegavelmente a penetração branca nessas áreas, e não há como duvidar que os governos europeus e americanos cortejam o desapontamento e o sofrimento, quando permitem, ou mesmo estimulam, a emigração de colonos brancos para áreas habitadas por povos atrasados, de grande densidade ou em rápida expansão demográfica. A história da maioria dos trópicos americanos exemplifica esse princípio quase de ordem geral.
Ligado a essa questão está o problema do cruzamento, problema universal quando duas ou mais etnias se instalam numa mesma localidade. Ainda aqui é exiguo o que se conhece sobre o assunto com base científica. Os resultados das pesquisas de Davenport e Steggerda, sobre a aptidão intelectual dos brancos, negros e mestiços, da Jamaica, concordam de modo geral com as conclusões de estudos análogos, feitos nos Estados Unidos, e com as observações realizadas por mestres de escola nas Índias Ocidentais, em contacto com grupos brancos, negros e mestiços de posição social semelhante. Algumas autoridades porém, negam peremptoriamente qualquer valor em estudos dessa natureza, estribados como são em simples testes da inteligência. O que parece mais lícito aceitar é que, durante curtos períodos de tempo, o cruzamento de membros de grupos étnicos muito diversos, poderá dar lugar a desharmonias físicas e mentais, as quais tendem a desaparecer através de certo número de gerações. O assunto reclama mais ampla investigação, porquanto, embora parcos e sujeitos à crítica os resultados obtidos até aqui, tendem eles a demonstrar a existência de certo fundamento biológico e social nos planos nacionais de governos, planos de indúvel importância, como a política oficial duma “Austrália Branca”.
Indicações há, oriundas da história, da observação e dos experimentos de laboratório, de que as temperaturas muito altas poderão prejudicar o intelecto e a memória dos adultos. A experiência derivada em Queensland e Panamá, parece apontar estarem as crianças isentas desses malefícios até a puberdade, e que essa deterioração no adulto poderá provar de fenômenos sociais, apresentando, porém, muita dificuldade o controle desses fatores em qualquer análise. Os observadores divergem se devemos imputar as reações psíquicas e as psiconeuroses, ao clima, ou a fatores sociais como — a vida entre populações nativas, a dependência em que se encontram os brancos dos criados nacionais, e a "neurastenia da cozinha". Pouco está claro nisso tudo. O que é mais ou menos certo, é o declínio da energia, como consequência do estágio demorado em clima tropical.
Embaraços semelhantes cercam a elucidação de outras reações do colono branco em face do meio tropical. Grupos brancos podem viver e proliferar por gerações seguidas nos trópicos moderados, parecendo que tais climas não afetam o coeficiente de natalidade, segundo atestam as estatísticas organizadas em Flórida, Cuba, Puerto Rico e Queensland. Também não se agrava em demasia a taxa de mortalidade entre brancos, onde satisfatórios: as condições sanitárias, o controle das doenças parasitárias, os regimes alimentares e os padrões de vida. Com efeito, a mortalidade no Panamá e no norte de Queensland é excepcionalmente baixa, embora se deva tomar em consideração que os brancos constituem, certamente no Panamá, e, provavelmente em Queensland, grupos selecionados.
Os ótimos resultados conseguidos pelos brancos em Queensland e Panamá foram infelizmente mal interpretados por certo número de médicos. Se graças à ciência moderna e a padrões mais altos de vida, grupos brancos lograram viver com toda a segurança numa região particularmente favorecida como Queensland, ou em campos medicamente fortificados de sítios insalubres como o Panamá, por outro lado, a malária e outras doenças permanecem invictas sobre vastas áreas tropicais. Como acontece em Flórida, as populações de cor ou de baixos padrões de vida, tornam-se verdadeiros reservatórios infecciosos para a contaminação dos brancos. Presentemente, no máximo, se poderá adiantar que a ciência tem conseguido remarcável melhoria na salubridade de determinadas zonas tropicais, mas a luta está apenas iniciada, e, até aqui, não há certeza da vitória da medicina e da higiene, especialmente em vastos tratos mais quentes do clima tropical.
Outro problema presente é o dietético. Pelo que se apreendera em Flórida e no Panamá, compreende-se a importância do assunto, e o progresso nessa seara contribuirá substancialmente para romper o círculo vicioso da pobreza, mau regime e moléstia, ainda que algumas das deficiências alimentares dos brancos nos trópicos decorram do próprio meio.
Entre outros pontos aguardando investigação está o das atitudes, racial e individual, em face do trabalho manual e do bem estar, e, particularmente, com relação aos desconfortos produzidos pela vida e as atividades nos climas tropicais. Abstração feita de todas as questões filiadas à doença, deduz-se da evidência fornecida pela história, observação, estatística e laboratório, que a maioria dos brancos e mesmo alguns grupos de cor, tem aversão aos climas quentes e úmidos, e que muitos brancos não gostam de todos os tipos do clima tropical. E' inútil negarem os críticos de Ellsworth Huntington que tal aversão por certos climas tropicais acaba criando uma seleção natural. Segundo a ponderação de Griffith Taylor, esse fator, aparte qualquer outra consideração, manterá áreas como a da Austrália setentrional, quase despovoadas, pelo menos até a saturação das regiões temperadas. Ignora-se quando o avanço da ciência logrará vencer esses obstáculos; o condicionamento do ar traz esperanças no futuro, mas, em contraposição, fatores econômicos, parece, restringem aquele valioso recurso às comunhões e países particularmente favorecidos.
O colono branco é contrário aos climas tropicais, não somente pelo desconforto de fatores como os que afetam o lar, mas também através da questão do exercício e do trabalho. Está agora demonstrado, ao arrepio de antigas e falazes suposições, que o exercício físico é indispensável nos climas quentes. Experiências recentes em regiões como as de Flórida e Queensland, assim como as realizadas, durante séculos, em Costa Rica e nas Índias Ocidentais, indicam que tanto o branco do norte da Europa como o mediterrâneo, se dão muito bem, até mesmo com o trabalho manual, no trópico moderado. Em vez de prejudicar-lhes a saúde, muito ao contrário, o esforço físico sistemático se torna indispensável à mesma. Todavia, o fato é que muitos grupos e indivíduos da raça branca teem horror ao trabalho mais pesado nos climas tropicais, o que muito concorre para impedir a colonização branca em tais áreas.
Felizmente, devemos referir as reações humanas nos trópicos, como se manifestam através de planos de governo, administrativos e econômicos, quer os da própria comunhão, quer os emanados de autoridades de além-mar. A investigação científica ainda não encontrou solução para o problema vital em torno do círculo vicioso: se o clima debilita os brancos a tal ponto que eles não podem evitar os padrões inferiores de vida, as dietas deficientes e as medidas pouco satisfatórias de ordem administrativa e econômica dos governos locais, ou, se, erguidos êles acima de todos esses óbices, não mais padeceriam as consequências
do clima propriamente. A êsse respeito aguarda-se com grande interesse o futuro de Flórida, o do norte de Queensland e o de Costa Rica. Por outro lado, embora as nações de povos brancos, de zonas temperadas, muito hajam feito em prol de irmãos instalados nos trópicos, também, e bastas vezes, converteram aqueles, impliedosamente, indústrias tropicais em negócios rendosos, pelo preço da destruição de economias dantes equilibradas e o abandono dos infelizes grupos locais ao seu destino. Conclui-se pois que grupos brancos de regiões como as de Queensland, Cuba e Costa Rica, devem cuidar de sua própria salvação, diversificando, êles próprios, as suas indústrias, e criando, por esforço exclusivo, sem ajuda externa, padrões de vida mais elevados.
Futuro
Ao purista racial se depara pouco promissor o futuro do colono branco na maior parte dos trópicos, aparte a certeza do declínio da emigração branca de muitos países, consequente da atual atenuação de seus incrementos demográficos. Por toda a extensão da América tropical, das Índias Ocidentais e da África, as populações brancas, provavelmente, serão absorvidas ou expelidas. No norte de Queensland são melhores as perspectivas. Ao primeiro relance, a provável fusão de povos brancos e de côr, poderá criar graves dificuldades sociais, e, possivelmente, algumas desharmonias biológicas. Só com o tempo, se apurará se o resultado final se enquadra em uma produção de novos grupos éticos adaptados ao meio tropical.
Por enquanto, muito se logrará fazer em benefício do forasteiro e do colon branco, mercê de pesquisas científicas e de medidas administrativas e econômicas calcadas nessas investigações. A história primitiva da colonização do branco nos trópicos é o relato de vidas desperdiçadas, esforços perdidos e recursos consumidos em vão, ao passo que nos anos mais recentes, entramos em período de plenas e animosas realizações. O mundo científico acabou discernindo a vastidão e a complexidade do problema. A solução desse problema está nas mãos dos obreiros científicos."
Este resumo, do próprio autor, exprime bem a impressão geral, as conclusões finais, alcançadas através do balanço dado na documentação histórica e científica existente. Mas o leitor interessado não poderá formar, por tal recapitulação, a mínima ideia da riqueza da documentação usada, brilhante e habilmente selecionada dentro de inexpugnável imparcialidade. Torna-se pois indispensável a leitura, aliás muito amena, do largo e forte livro de Grenfell Price, a quem, por curiosidade ou dever cultural, se proponha conhecer de perto o estado atual da importante questão da aclimação do branco nos trópicos, dependente esta não só de aspectos climáticos como de vários outros fatores.
S. F.
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LAPIN MANNERMAISET KANAKOIRAT RY
PÖYTÄKIRJA HALLITUKSEN KOKOUS LAUANTAI 25.2.2017 KLO.13.00 LUONUANPIRTTI, TAPIONKYLÄ ROVANIEMI
1§ Kokouksen avaus
13.00
2§ Kokousvirkailijoiden valinta
a) Puheenjohtaja Atte Miettunen
b) Sihteeri Jaana Saukko
3§ Kokouksen laillisuus ja päätösvaltaisuus
Paikalla Jussi Järvinen, Juha Lähde, Timo Koistila, Sakari Hiukka, Jaana Saukko ja Atte Miettunen. Kokous todettiin lailliseksi ja päätösvaltaiseksi.
4§ Kokouksen työjärjestys
Kokouksen puheenjohtaja Atte Miettunen luki työjärjestyksen.
5§ Edellisen kokouksen pöytäkirja
Kokouksen puheenjohtaja Atte Miettunen luki edellisen kokouksen pöytäkirjan.
6§ Toimintasuunnitelma, tulo- ja menoarvio sekä jäsenmaksujen suuruus
Laadittiin vuosikokoukselle hallituksen esitykset:
a) Toimintasuunnitelmasta vuodelle 2017
b) Tulo- ja menoarviosta vuodelle 2017
c) Jäsenmaksujen suuruudesta vuodelle 2017 (20€ jäsen, 200€ ainaisjäsen, 10€ perhejäsen)
7§ Vuosikokouksen esityslista
Tarkistetaan, vaatiiko joku esityslistan kohta vielä hallituksen valmistelua ennen vuosikokousta.
8§ Muut asiat
8.1§ SSK:n päätös Riistakoira 2018 järjestämisestä
SSK:le on myöntävä vastaus lähetetty, mutta vastausta ei ole vielä SSK:lta tullut.
8.2§ Tehtyjen talkootuntien lista ja käytetyistä talkootunneista ilmoittaminen
- Sihteerin saatava ilmoitus kun kertyneitä talkootunteja käytetään esim. koemaksuihin jotta tehtyjen talkootuntien lista pysyy ajan tasalla. Koetoimitsija ilmoittaa? Jäsen itse ilmoittaa?
8.3§ Jäsensihteeri
Heidi Vartiainen on lupautunut jäsensihteeriksi LaMaKaan, mikäli hallitus päättää nimetä erillisen jäsensihteerin. Hallitus päätti nimetä uuden jäsensihteerin, ja Jaana ohjeistaa Heidin alkuun.
8.4§ Seinäjoen peltokoe
Koe on tarkoitettu lapissa asuville NUO luokan koiran omistajalle. Jussi Järvinen hoitaa majoituksen ja muut järjestelyt Seinäjoen porukan kanssa. Keskustelua jatketaan facebook ryhmässä, jos tarpeellista.
8.5§ Niestan koetoimitsija
Varalla Jaana Saukko koetoimitsijana, jos Sakari Hiukka on estynyt.
9§ Kokouksen päättäminen
Päätettiin 14.43.
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HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/fin_Latn/train
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HERE FOR BEGA
This guide can be shared online and printed. To add or edit a listing please contact ACON Regional Outreach
LOCAL LGBTI SOCIAL AND SUPPORT GROUPS
South Coast Rainbow Community
LOCAL LGBTI SOCIAL AND SUPPORT GROUPS:
Bega Valley LGBTQI Support Group
Page:
facebook.com/
SouthCoastRainbowCommunity
facebook.com/groups/begavalleylgbtsupport
Group:
facebook.com/groups
SouthCoastRainbowCommunity
A NSW South Coast social and support group for lesbian, gay, bi, trans, intersex and queer (LGBTIQ+) people, their families and friends
Sapphire Coast Women's Social Group
facebook.com/groups/453251748097682
LOCAL HIV AND STI SERVICES Social gatherings and events for women attracted to other women on the NSW Far South Coast
Goulburn Sexual Health Service LOCAL HIV AND STI SERVICES
aspx 02 6491 9800
Local Needle and Syringe Program health.nsw.gov.au/hepatitis/Pages/nsp-outlets. Bega Sexual Health Service
Details of local NSPs across the Bega Valley, where you can access clean and safe injecting equipment. Also find details of locations that offer advice, information and referral support if needed Bega Valley Community Health, 4 Virginia Drive Testing & treatment for HIV, STIs, and Hepatitis B & C, access to PEP, information and advice on PrEP & sexual health, vaccination for Hepatitis A & B. Free condoms and lube
Local Needle & Syringe Program (NSP)
health.nsw.gov.au/hepatitis/Pages/nsp-outlets.aspx
Details of local NSPs across the Bega Valley, where to access sterile injecting equipment & services that offer advice, information & referral
ACON Regional Outreach
1800 063 060 | 02 9206 2113 0437 651 752 (Josef) | /aconsouthernnsw
We're here to support LGBTI people & communities, and people with HIV across regional NSW take control of their health by providing a range of local, outreach and remote programs, campaigns & services, including: peer education, sexual health info & resources, counselling, referrals, inclusive practice training & strengthening supportive environments
Closed group for LGBTQI people in the Bega Valley, Sapphire Coast and surrounds
LGBTQIA+ Youth Group
firstname.lastname@example.org (Carly)
Headspace Bega's LGBTQIA+ youth group for ages 12-25 and meets the second Wednesday of the month from 4.30-6pm. Contact headspace for more info
Police Gay & Lesbian Liaison Of f icers (GLLO)
02 6492 9999 (Bega)
tinyurl.com/police-gllo
Many police stations will have a GLLO but if you cannot locate one, contact the NSW Region Sponsor, Sexuality, Gender Diversity & Intersex
Bega Valley Teen Clinic
Bega Valley Medical Practice, 61 Carp St, Bega Curalo Medical Clinic, 60 Princes Highway, Eden
Nurse led clinic for young people to discuss sexual health and access free HIV/STI testing and treatment. Bega - Tuesdays and Thursdays from 2-5pm
Eden - Tuesdays and Thursdays from 1-5pm
HERE FOR HEALTH
This guide can be shared online and printed. To add or edit a listing please contact ACON Regional Outreach
STATEWIDE & NATIONAL SERVICES
Ending HIV
endinghiv.org.au
Gay and Lesbian Rights Lobby (NSW)
An ACON campaign focused on ending HIV transmission among gay men through testing often, treating early and staying safe
Minus18 (National)
facebook.com/minus18youth minus18.org.au
Youth led social & support organisation for gay, lesbian, bisexual & trans youth
NSW Sexual Health Info Link
1800 451 624
shil.nsw.gov.au
Phone and online sexual health service for sexual health, specialising in HIV and STI risk assessment, testing, treatment and support
QLife (National)
1800 184 527
qlife.org.au
LGBTIQ phone & online counselling service operating every day from 3pm - midnight
The Institute of Many - TIM (National)
facebook.com/theinstituteofmany theinstituteofmany.org
Grassroots movement of people living with HIV (PLHIV) who run Australia's largest online community for PLHIV
glrl.org.au
Referral and resources on gay and lesbian rights for the media, policy makers and the community
NSW Needle and Syringe Program (NSP) Outlets
health.nsw.gov.au/hepatitis/Pages/nspoutlets.aspx
Where to access sterile injecting equipment & services that offer advice, information and referral
Intersex Human Rights Australia (IHRA)
facebook.com/intersexaus ihra.org.au
Information, education & peer support for intersex people, their families & friends
The Bobby Goldsmith Foundation (NSW)
02 9283 8666 | 1800 651 010
bgf.org.au
Counselling, housing, study, employment & financial support for people living with HIV
Twenty10 (NSW)
02 8594 9555
twenty10.org.au
Specialist support for young people of diverse genders & sexualities, & intersex status
ACON Regional Outreach
1800 063 060 | email@example.com acon.org.au | /aconsouthernnsw
We're here to support LGBTI people & communities, and people with HIV across regional NSW take control of their health by providing a range of local, outreach and remote programs, campaigns & services, including: peer education, sexual health info & resources, counselling, referrals, inclusive practice training & strengthening supportive environments
Inner City Legal Centre (NSW)
1800 244 481
iclc.org.au
Expert specialist legal advice for LGBTI people anywhere in NSW
NSW Police Gay & Lesbian Liaison Officers
tinyurl.com/NSWPolice-GLLO
Many police stations will have a GLLO but if you cannot locate one, contact the NSW Region Sponsor, Sexuality, Gender Diversity & Intersex
Positive Life NSW
02 9206 2177 | 1800 245 677
positivelife.org.au
Information, support, referral and advocacy for people living with HIV in NSW
The Gender Centre (NSW)
02 9569 2366 | 1800 069 115
gendercentre.org.au
Trans & gender diverse accommodation service, & education, support, training & referral centre
Lifeline (National)
13 11 44
24 hour crisis support hotline
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Biography
Professor Kuperan Viswanathan is a leading natural resource economist with more than 25 years of experience in resource economics, policy and development research, social science research capacity building, education and training. He was a member of the World Bank affiliated Centers for International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) senior researchers' team and led the Center's Dhaka and South Asia office from January 2004 – March 2005. He led the Global Project on Fisheries Co-management which involved extensive partnership and research development with fisheries line agencies and research centers in Asia and Africa from 1999-2003. The Project involved collaboration and working with 27 partner organizations in 12 countries in Asia and Africa to systematically document co-management experiences in those countries and explain the nature of the function of co-management arrangements in the fisheries of partner countries. He is also active in professional organizations in Malaysia and abroad and serves in the editorial committees of major natural resource journals of developing countries such as the African Journal of Marine Science and the Malaysian Journal of Agricultural Economics. Since the early 1980s, he has worked as researcher, project leader, senior scientist, director and expert adviser for a number of organizations such as WorldFish, Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations
(FAO), International Development Research Center of Canada (IDRC), and Danish International Development Assistance (DANIDA), among others. He has over 45 technical publications and has visited more than 30 countries for professional activities. He has organized and chaired numerous technical sessions during conferences for these organizations and forums. He served as an Associate Professor of Resource Economics in the Faculty of Economics and Management of University Putra Malaysia from 1995 to 1998 before joining the CGIAR in 1999. He has also vast consulting experience in the ASEAN region and has served as the Asian Development Bank Project Team Leader/Aquaculture and Fisheries Policy and Institution Specialist for the Development of the Strategy for Sustainable Aquaculture Development for Poverty Reduction in the Philippines from July 2006 to March 2007. During that period he led a team of three international consultants and nine local consultants for the development of a comprehensive strategy for aquaculture development for poverty reduction and environmental sustainability that is intended to help the Philippines Government. He was also Lead Author on the United Nations-endorsed Global Environment Assessment: The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment Project (2001-2005). The Project assessed the consequences of ecosystem change for human well-being and established the scientific basis for actions to enhance the conservation and sustainable use of ecosystems and their contribution to human well-being. He is also a member of an FAO Expert Group that examines the issues of fishing capacity in developing countries and has examined the issue of fishing capacity in the Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand. Based on his international exposure, research and consulting experience in many countries, he teaches Gobal Economic Theories and Issues and International Business and Managerial Economics for the MBA and DBA students at the Othman Yeop Abdullah Graduate School of Business.
Abstract
Employment Opportunities for Fishers in Southeast Asia
K.Kuperan Viswanathan
Professor of Resource and Environmental Economics
Othman Yeop Abdullah Graduate School of Business
Universiti Utara Malaysia, 06010 UUM Sintok, Kedah, Malaysia
Fisheries the world over are under heavy overfishing pressure. This has resulted in the collapse of some fisheries and loss of employment to fishers. Fishers often are the most difficult of people to adjust to other modes of work. The management of Oceans has been the weakest in the history of mankind. The vastness and the resources required to control access to the oceans has resulted in limited ability of most nations to manage the oceans. Massive over fishing both legally and illegally has been the outcome. Experts estimate that up to $23.5 billion worth of fish enter the world market each year from illegal fishing, which averages to approximately 1 in 5 fish caught in the wild(PEW trusts study 2015). Maintaining employment opportunities for fishers will be a real issue in the years to come as fish stocks decline and opportunities for alternative work for fishers is very limited. This keynote address will focus on this critical issue and challenges faced by fisheries managers and governments of Southeast Asia. These countries produce about 21 million tons of fish accounting for a quarter of the global fish production. The fisheries in the ASEAN region employ close to 30 million people and their employment is being threatened by overfishing and illegal fishing. Given that the average household size of fishing households is five individuals, the total people dependent on fishing is as high as 150 million people. The focus of this address is on how the employment of fishers in Southeast Asia can be secured and what alternative employment options are there given the continued decline in the resource.
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finepdfs
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SPECIFICATION SHEET TOTER
The Toter series features an aluminum frame with powder coat fi nish. The waste enclosure has capacity for a 20-gallon bags.
MODEL #TOT25
DIMENSIONS
Length: 25" Depth: 25" Height: 52 5/8"
MATERIAL OPTIONS
See resources page for additional information.
(A) All
Aluminum (A)
UPGRADE OPTIONS
Other Request (OQ)
GET A QUOTE
OUTDOOR
MODEL #TOT17R
DIMENSIONS
Length: 17"
Depth: 24"
Height: 39 1/2"
Submit the following product information to email@example.com for a quote.
1. Series | 2. Model # | 3. Material Options and Grade Selections | 4. Upgrade Options | 5. Quantity
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REGLER FOR DANSK ATLETIK FORBUNDS UNGDOMSATLETIK
Aldersklasser
Atletikmærket kan erhverves i 6 aldersklasser, som markeres med hver sin farvekode:
g
Krav
For at erhverve Atletikmærket skal man gennemføre3 eller 4 discipliner.
Resultaterne behøves ikke at vare opnået i samme konkurrence.
Pointkrav
| | Bronze | Sølv | Guld |
|---|---|---|---|
| -9 år | 1000 | 2400 | 3600 |
| 10 år | 1000 | 2300 | 3500 |
| 11 år | 1100 | 2400 | 3600 |
| nxx | 1000 | 2000 | 3000 |
| 13 år | 1100 | 2200 | 3200 |
| 14 år | 1000 | 2000 | 2800 |
| 15 år | 1100 | 2200 | 3000 |
| 16 år | 825 | 1725 | 2325 |
| 17 år | 825 | 1800 | 2400 |
| 18-19 år | 825 | 1900 | 2500 |
RESULTATER INDE/UDE:
2018
Opdateret 29. Januar 2018
Alle henvendelser ved fejl og mangler til
firstname.lastname@example.org
ÅRGANG 2012
/ 2009
| Victor J. Giessing | 9 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 40 m | 7,47 | 919 |
| 400 m | | |
| 800 m | | |
| Højde | 0,87 | 440 |
| Længde | 2,83 | 542 |
| Kugle | 5,35 | 603 |
| Boldkast | | |
| Bronze | | 2504 |
| Ronja Erlandsen | 9 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 40 m | 8,82 | 461 |
| 400 m | | |
| 800 m | | |
| Højde | 0,80 | 301 |
| Længde | 3,31 | 795 |
| Kugle | 4,17 | 567 |
| Boldkast | | |
| Bronze | | 2124 |
| Lærke Richter | 9 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 40 m | | |
| 400 m | | |
| 800 m | | |
| Højde | | |
| Længde | 3,06 | 661 |
| Kugle | 3,64 | 462 |
| Boldkast | | |
| Bronze | | 1123 |
| Malthe D. Henriksen | 9 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 40 m | | |
| 400 m | | |
| 800 m | | |
| Højde | 0,60 | 0 |
| Længde | 2,51 | 383 |
| Kugle | 3,74 | 325 |
| Boldkast | | |
| | | 708 |
| Johanne Christian | 9 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 40 m | | |
| 400 m | | |
| 800 m | | |
| Højde | 0,82 | 341 |
| Længde | 2,82 | 537 |
| Kugle | 4,48 | 626 |
| Boldkast | | |
| | | 1504 |
| Aya Stougaard | 9 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 40 m | | |
| 400 m | | |
| 800 m | | |
| Højde | | |
| Længde | 2,44 | 350 |
| Kugle | 2,82 | 290 |
| Boldkast | | |
| | | 640 |
| Sara H. Andersen | 9 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 40 m | | |
| 400 m | | |
| 800 m | | |
| Højde | 1,02 | 739 |
| Længde | 2,73 | 492 |
| Kugle | 5,27 | 769 |
| Boldkast | | |
| Bronze 2000 | | 2000 |
| Frida Nielsen | 9 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 40 m | | |
| 400 m | | |
| 800 m | | |
| Højde | | |
| Længde | 2,51 | 383 |
| Kugle | 5,85 | 868 |
| Boldkast | | |
| Bronze | | 1251 |
| Benjamin Brix Kruse | 9 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 40 m | | |
| 400 m | | |
| 800 m | | |
| Højde | | |
| Længde | 2,47 | 364 |
| Kugle | 3,32 | 247 |
| Boldkast | | |
| | | 611 |
| Kristian Bunk | 9 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 40 m | | |
| 400 m | | |
| 800 m | | |
| Højde | | |
| Længde | 1,83 | 72 |
| Kugle | 2,45 | 78 |
| Boldkast | | |
| | | 150 |
ÅRGANG 2008
| Karoline Kragel | u 10 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 60 m | | |
| 400 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | 14,35 | 698 |
| Højde | | |
| Længde | 3,10 | 539 |
| Kugle | | |
| Boldkast | | |
| | Bronze | 1237 |
Årgang
| | 10 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 60 m | | |
| 400 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | | |
| Højde | | |
| Længde | | |
| Kugle | | |
| Boldkast | | |
| Simon H. Nielsen | 9 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 40 m | | |
| 400 m | | |
| 800 m | | |
| Højde | | |
| Længde | 2,71 | 481 |
| Kugle | 5,04 | 552 |
| Boldkast | | |
| | | 1033 |
| | 10 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 60 m | | |
| 400 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | | |
| Højde | | |
| Længde | | |
| Kugle | | |
| Boldkast | | |
| | 10 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 60 m | | |
| 400 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | | |
| Højde | | |
| Længde | | |
| Kugle | | |
| Boldkast | | |
| Alfred Nielsen | 9 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 40 m | | |
| 400 m | | |
| 800 m | | |
| Højde | | |
| Længde | 2,90 | 578 |
| Kugle | 4,80 | 512 |
| Boldkast | | |
| Bronze | | 1090 |
| | 10 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 60 m | | |
| 400 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | | |
| Højde | | |
| Længde | | |
| Kugle | | |
| Boldkast | | |
| | 10 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 60 m | | |
| 400 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | | |
| Højde | | |
| Længde | | |
| Kugle | | |
| Boldkast | | |
Årgang
| | 10 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 60 m | | |
| 400 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | | |
| Højde | | |
| Længde | | |
| Kugle | | |
| Boldkast | | |
ÅRGANG 2007
| William J. Giessin | 11 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 60 m | 9,86 | 747 |
| 400 m | | |
| 1000 m | 3.45,47 | 683 |
| 60 m hæk | 12,88 | 790 |
| Højde | 1,15 | 620 |
| Længde | 3,65 | 646 |
| Kugle | 6,66 | 725 |
| Boldkast | | |
| Sølv | | 2908 |
Årgang
| Aya Deela | 11 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 60 m | 10,60 | 656 |
| 400 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | 13,58 | 808 |
| Højde | 1,10 | 681 |
| Længde | 3,15 | 562 |
| Kugle | 4,01 | 407 |
| Boldkast | | |
| Sølv | | 2552 |
| | 10 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 60 m | | |
| 400 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | | |
| Højde | | |
| Længde | | |
| Kugle | | |
| Boldkast | | |
| Andreas S. Nielse | n 11 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 60 m | 10,52 | 545 |
| 400 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | 12,91 | 785 |
| Højde | | |
| Længde | 3,20 | 441 |
| Kugle | | |
| Boldkast | | |
| | | 1771 |
| Sofie Flyvbjerg | 11 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 60 m | 9,86 | 871 |
| 400 m | | |
| 1000 m | 3.58,10 | 694 |
| 60 m hæk | | |
| Højde | | |
| Længde | 3,50 | 717 |
| Kugle | 5,74 | 708 |
| Boldkast | | |
| | | 2990 |
| | 10 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 60 m | | |
| 400 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | | |
| Højde | | |
| Længde | | |
| Kugle | | |
| Boldkast | | |
| Alfred Nielsen | 11 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 60 m | 11,20 | 360 |
| 400 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | | |
| Højde | | |
| Længde | 2,98 | 336 |
| Kugle | 4,15 | 319 |
| Boldkast | | |
| | | 1015 |
| Ida B. Nielsen | 11 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 60 m | 9,61 | 948 |
| 400 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | 13,26 | 856 |
| Højde | 1,00 | 380 |
| Længde | 3,38 | 666 |
| Kugle | 4,73 | 540 |
| Boldkast | | |
| Sølv | | 3010 |
| Caroline Kragelun | 11 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 60 m | 10,77 | 610 |
| 400 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | | |
| Højde | | |
| Længde | | |
| Kugle | | |
| Boldkast | | |
| | | 610 |
ÅRGANG 2006
Navn
Årgang
| Oliver Kraglund | 12 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 80 m | | |
| 200 m | | |
| 600 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 80 m hæk | | |
| Højde | 1,15 | 168 |
| Længde | 4,65 | 625 |
| Stangspring | | |
| Kugle | 7,92 | 436 |
| Diskos | | |
| Hammerkast | | |
| Spyd | | |
| Boldkast | | |
| Bronze | | 1229 |
| Anna Hoyer | 11 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 60 m | 10,7 | 626 |
| 400 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | 13,58 | 808 |
| Højde | 1,10 | 681 |
| Længde | 3,10 | 539 |
| Kugle | 4,50 | 499 |
| Boldkast | | |
| | | 2614 |
| Dreng | 12 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 80 m | | |
| 200 m | | |
| 600 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 80 m hæk | | |
| Højde | | |
| Længde | | |
| Stangspring | | |
| Kugle | | |
| Diskos | | |
| Hammerkast | | |
| Spyd | | |
| Boldkast | | |
| Marie B. Olesen | 11 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 60 m | 9,82 | 883 |
| 400 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | | |
| Højde | | |
| Længde | 3,70 | 800 |
| Kugle | 5,00 | 587 |
| Boldkast | | |
| | | 2270 |
| Dreng | 12 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 80 m | | |
| 200 m | | |
| 600 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 80 m hæk | | |
| Højde | | |
| Længde | | |
| Stangspring | | |
| Kugle | | |
| Diskos | | |
| Hammerkast | | |
| Spyd | | |
| Boldkast | | |
| dreng | 12 |
|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat |
| 80 m | |
| 200 m | |
| 600 m | |
| 1000 m | |
| 80 m hæk | |
| Højde | |
| Længde | |
| Stangspring | |
| Kugle | |
| Diskos | |
| Hammerkast | |
| Spyd | |
| Boldkast | |
| Sophia Tryk | 12 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 80 m | | |
| 200 m | | |
| 600 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | | |
| Højde | | |
| Længde | 2,36 | |
| Stangspring | | |
| Kugle | | |
| Diskos | | |
| Hammerkast | | |
| Spyd | | |
| Boldkast | | |
| dreng | 12 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 80 m | | |
| 200 m | | |
| 600 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 80 m hæk | | |
| Højde | | |
| Længde | | |
| Stangspring | | |
| Kugle | | |
| Diskos | | |
| Hammerkast | | |
| Spyd | | |
| Boldkast | | |
| Frederikke Voss | 12 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 80 m | | |
| 200 m | | |
| 600 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | 12,48 | 574 |
| Højde | 1,00 | 380 |
| Længde | 3,82 | 420 |
| Stangspring | | |
| Kugle | 5,34 | 310 |
| Diskos | | |
| Hammerkast | | |
| Spyd | | |
| Boldkast | | |
| Bronze | | 1684 |
| dreng | 12 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 80 m | | |
| 200 m | | |
| 600 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 80 m hæk | | |
| Højde | | |
| Længde | | |
| Stangspring | | |
| Kugle | | |
| Diskos | | |
| Hammerkast | | |
| Spyd | | |
| Boldkast | | |
| Signe B. Nielsen | 12 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 80 m | | |
| 200 m | | |
| 600 m | 2.14,20 | 616 |
| 1000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | 12,30 | 601 |
| Højde | 1,15 | 572 |
| Længde | 3,42 | 289 |
| Stangspring | | |
| Kugle | 4,74 | 224 |
| Diskos | | |
| Hammerkast | | |
| Spyd | | |
| Boldkast | | |
| Sølv | | 2013 |
| Emilie Stokholm | 12 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 80 m | | |
| 200 m | | |
| 600 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | | |
| Højde | | |
| Længde | 3,11 | 190 |
| Stangspring | | |
| Kugle | | |
| Diskos | | |
| Hammerkast | | |
| Spyd | | |
| Boldkast | | |
| | | 190 |
ÅRGANG 2005
| Marius Szweed | 13 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 80 m | | |
| 200 m | | |
| 600 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 80 m hæk | | |
| Højde | 1,10 | 106 |
| Længde | 4,02 | 434 |
| Stangspring | | |
| Kugle | | |
| Diskos | | |
| Hammerkast | | |
| Spyd | | |
| Boldkast | | |
| | | 540 |
| Charlotte W Christ | 12 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 80 m | | |
| 200 m | | |
| 600 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | | |
| Højde | | |
| Længde | 2,88 | 117 |
| Stangspring | | |
| Kugle | | |
| Diskos | | |
| Hammerkast | | |
| Spyd | | |
| Boldkast | | |
| | | 117 |
| Felix G. Jensen | 13 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 80 m | | |
| 200 m | | |
| 600 m | 2.17,0 | 301 |
| 1000 m | | |
| 80 m hæk | | |
| Højde | | |
| Længde | | |
| Stangspring | | |
| Kugle | 7,74 | 416 |
| Diskos | | |
| Hammerkast | | |
| Spyd | | |
| Boldkast | | |
| | | 717 |
| Pige | 12 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 80 m | | |
| 200 m | | |
| 600 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | | |
| Højde | | |
| Længde | | |
| Stangspring | | |
| Kugle | | |
| Diskos | | |
| Hammerkast | | |
| Spyd | | |
| Boldkast | | |
| Mathias Sørensen | 13 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 80 m | | |
| 200 m | | |
| 600 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 80 m hæk | | |
| Højde | 1,20 | 231 |
| Længde | | |
| Stangspring | | |
| Kugle | 6,05 | 219 |
| Diskos | | |
| Hammerkast | | |
| Spyd | | |
| Boldkast | | |
| | | 450 |
| dreng | 13 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 80 m | | |
| 200 m | | |
| 600 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 80 m hæk | | |
| Højde | | |
| Længde | | |
| Stangspring | | |
| Kugle | | |
| Diskos | | |
| Hammerkast | | |
| Spyd | | |
| Boldkast | | |
| Thilde Larsen | 13 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 80 m | | |
| 200 m | | |
| 600 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | | |
| Højde | | |
| Længde | | |
| Stangspring | | |
| Kugle | 6,95 | 523 |
| Diskos | | |
| Hammerkast | | |
| Spyd | | |
| Boldkast | | |
| | | 523 |
| dreng | 13 | ,m |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 80 m | | |
| 200 m | | |
| 600 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 80 m hæk | | |
| Højde | | |
| Længde | | |
| Stangspring | | |
| Kugle | | |
| Diskos | | |
| Hammerkast | | |
| Spyd | | |
| Boldkast | | |
| Victoria Giessing | 13 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 80 m | | |
| 200 m | | |
| 600 m | | |
| 1000 m | 4.04,63 | 145 |
| 60 m hæk | 12,17 | 622 |
| Højde | | |
| Længde | 4,06 | 499 |
| Stangspring | | |
| Kugle | 9,15 | 776 |
| Diskos | | |
| Hammerkast | 23,02 | 697 |
| Spyd | | |
| Boldkast | | |
| Sølv | | 2594 |
| dreng | 13 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 80 m | | |
| 200 m | | |
| 600 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 80 m hæk | | |
| Højde | | |
| Længde | | |
| Stangspring | | |
| Kugle | | |
| Diskos | | |
| Hammerkast | | |
| Spyd | | |
| Boldkast | | |
| Celia Pryssing | 13 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 80 m | | |
| 200 m | | |
| 600 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | | |
| Højde | | |
| Længde | 3,66 | 367 |
| Stangspring | | |
| Kugle | 7,16 | 549 |
| Diskos | | |
| Hammerkast | | |
| Spyd | | |
| Boldkast | | |
| | | 916 |
| Ida Terpling | 13 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 80 m | | |
| 200 m | | |
| 600 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | | |
| Højde | | |
| Længde | 3,94 | 459 |
| Stangspring | | |
| Kugle | 6,40 | 453 |
| Diskos | | |
| Hammerkast | | |
| Spyd | | |
| Boldkast | | |
| | | 912 |
| Pige | 13 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 80 m | | |
| 200 m | | |
| 600 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | | |
| Højde | | |
| Længde | | |
| Stangspring | | |
| Kugle | | |
| Diskos | | |
| Hammerkast | | |
| Spyd | | |
| Boldkast | | |
| Maja Grgic | 13 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 80 m | | |
| 200 m | | |
| 600 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | | |
| Højde | | |
| Længde | | |
| Stangspring | | |
| Kugle | 5,26 | 298 |
| Diskos | | |
| Hammerkast | | |
| Spyd | | |
| Boldkast | | |
| | | 298 |
| Pige | 13 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 80 m | | |
| 200 m | | |
| 600 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | | |
| Højde | | |
| Længde | | |
| Stangspring | | |
| Kugle | | |
| Diskos | | |
| Hammerkast | | |
| Spyd | | |
| Boldkast | | |
| Pige | 13 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 80 m | | |
| 200 m | | |
| 600 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | | |
| Højde | | |
| Længde | | |
| Stangspring | | |
| Kugle | | |
| Diskos | | |
| Hammerkast | | |
| Spyd | | |
| Boldkast | | |
| Pige | 13 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 80 m | | |
| 200 m | | |
| 600 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | | |
| Højde | | |
| Længde | | |
| Stangspring | | |
| Kugle | | |
| Diskos | | |
| Hammerkast | | |
| Spyd | | |
| Boldkast | | |
ÅRGANG 2004
Navn
Årgang
| Ebbe H. Andreasen | 14 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 60 m | 11,40 | 19 |
| 100 m | | |
| 200 m | | |
| 300 m | | |
| 800 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 1500 m | | |
| 3000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | | |
| 100 m hæk | | |
| 300 m hæk | | |
| 1500 m forh. | | |
| Højde | | |
| Stangspring | | |
| Længde | | |
| Kugle | 4,94 | 136 |
| Diskos | | |
| Hammer | | |
| Spyd | | |
| | | 158 |
| Esben Diekhøner | 14 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 60 m | | |
| 100 m | | |
| 200 m | | |
| 300 m | | |
| 800 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 1500 m | | |
| 3000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | | |
| 100 m hæk | | |
| 300 m hæk | | |
| 1500 m forh. | | |
| Højde | | |
| Stangspring | 1,90 | 262 |
| Længde | | |
| Kugle | 7,51 | 376 |
| Diskos | | |
| Hammer | | |
| Spyd | | |
| | | 638 |
| Dreng | 14 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 60 m | | |
| 100 m | | |
| 200 m | | |
| 300 m | | |
| 800 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 1500 m | | |
| 3000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | | |
| 100 m hæk | | |
| 300 m hæk | | |
| 1500 m forh. | | |
| Højde | | |
| Stangspring | | |
| Længde | | |
| Kugle | | |
| Diskos | | |
| Hammer | | |
Navn
Årgang
| Christine Klitgaard | 14 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 60 m | 8,48 | 805 |
| 100 m | | |
| 200 m | 28,05 | 717 |
| 300 m | | |
| 800 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 1500 m | | |
| 3000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | | |
| 80 m hæk | | |
| 300 m hæk | | |
| Højde | 1,35 | 432 |
| Stangspring | | |
| Længde | 4,62 | 579 |
| Kugle | 6,95 | 395 |
| Diskos | | , |
| Hammer | | |
| Spyd | | |
| Sølv | | 2496 |
Navn
Årgang
| Astrid T. Christen | s 14 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 60 m | 9,44 | 481 |
| 100 m | | |
| 200 m | | |
| 300 m | | |
| 800 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 1500 m | | |
| 3000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | | |
| 80 m hæk | | |
| 300 m hæk | | |
| Højde | | |
| Stangspring | | |
| Længde | 4,22 | 457 |
| Kugle | 10,92 | 796 |
| Diskos | | |
| Hammer | | |
| Spyd | | |
| Bronze | | 1734 |
| Camilla Flyvbjerg | 14 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 60 m | 10,36 | 249 |
| 100 m | | |
| 200 m | | |
| 300 m | | |
| 800 m | 3.12,60 | 177 |
| 1000 m | 3.59,56 | 211 |
| 1500 m | | |
| 3000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | | |
| 80 m hæk | | |
| 300 m hæk | | |
| Højde | | |
| Stangspring | | |
| Længde | 3,46 | 234 |
| Kugle | 5,11 | 168 |
| Diskos | | |
| Hammer | | |
| Spyd | | |
| | | 862 |
| Laura G. Andersen | 14 | |
|---|---|---|
| Deciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 60 m | | |
| 100 m | | |
| 200 m | | |
| 300 m | | |
| 800 m | 2.28,90 | 695 |
| 1000 m | 3.18,91 | 595 |
| 1500 m | | |
| 3000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | | |
| 80 m hæk | | |
| 300 m hæk | | |
| Højde | 1,35 | 432 |
| Stangspring | | |
| Længde | 4,17 | 442 |
| Kugle | 8,25 | 539 |
| Diskos | | |
| Hammer | | |
| Spyd | | |
| Sølv | | 2271 |
| Laura Sigsgaard | 14 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 60 m | 8,69 | 727 |
| 100 m | | |
| 200 m | 30,41 | 543 |
| 300 m | | |
| 800 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 1500 m | | |
| 3000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | 11,75 | 506 |
| 80 m hæk | | |
| 300 m hæk | | |
| Højde | | |
| Stangspring | 2,00 | 317 |
| Længde | | |
| Kugle | 8,32 | 547 |
| Diskos | | |
| Hammer | | |
| Spyd | | |
| Sølv | | 2134 |
| Emma Berntsen | 14 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 60 m | 9,58 | 441 |
| 100 m | | |
| 200 m | | |
| 300 m | | |
| 800 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 1500 m | | |
| 3000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | 12,37 | 413 |
| 80 m hæk | | |
| 300 m hæk | | |
| Højde | 1,35 | 432 |
| Stangspring | | |
| Længde | 3,89 | 358 |
| Kugle | 10,39 | 749 |
| Diskos | | |
| Hammer | 30,26 | 612 |
| Spyd | | |
| Sølv | | 2234 |
| Eva Larsen | 14 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 60 m | 9,67 | 416 |
| 100 m | | |
| 200 m | 33,24 | 367 |
| 300 m | | |
| 800 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 1500 m | | |
| 3000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | 11,86 | 489 |
| 80 m hæk | | |
| 300 m hæk | | |
| Højde | 1,45 | 563 |
| Stangspring | | |
| Længde | | |
| Kugle | 6,16 | 301 |
| Diskos | | |
| Hammer | | |
| Spyd | | |
| Pige | 14 |
|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat |
| 60 m | |
| 100 m | |
| 200 m | |
| 300 m | |
| 800 m | |
| 1000 m | |
| 1500 m | |
| 3000 m | |
| 60 m hæk | |
| 80 m hæk | |
| 300 m hæk | |
| Højde | |
| Stangspring | |
| Længde | |
| Kugle | |
| Diskos | |
| Hammer | |
| Spyd | |
| Pige | 14 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 60 m | | |
| 100 m | | |
| 200 m | | |
| 300 m | | |
| 800 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 1500 m | | |
| 3000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | | |
| 80 m hæk | | |
| 300 m hæk | | |
| Højde | | |
| Stangspring | | |
| Længde | | |
| Kugle | | |
| Diskos | | |
| Hammer | | |
| Pige | 14 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 60 m | | |
| 100 m | | |
| 200 m | | |
| 300 m | | |
| 800 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 1500 m | | |
| 3000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | | |
| 80 m hæk | | |
| 300 m hæk | | |
| Højde | | |
| Stangspring | | |
| Længde | | |
| Kugle | | |
| Diskos | | |
| Hammer | | |
| Spyd | | |
| Pige | 14 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 60 m | | |
| 100 m | | |
| 200 m | | |
| 300 m | | |
| 800 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 1500 m | | |
| 3000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | | |
| 80 m hæk | | |
| 300 m hæk | | |
| Højde | | |
| Stangspring | | |
| Længde | | |
| Kugle | | |
| Diskos | | |
| Hammer | | |
| Spyd | | |
| Pige | 14 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 60 m | | |
| 100 m | | |
| 200 m | | |
| 300 m | | |
| 800 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 1500 m | | |
| 3000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | | |
| 80 m hæk | | |
| 300 m hæk | | |
| Højde | | |
| Stangspring | | |
| Længde | | |
| Kugle | | |
| Diskos | | |
| Hammer | | |
ÅRGANG 2003
| Carl A. Allerød | 15 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 60 m | | |
| 100 m | | |
| 200 m | 28,19 | 446 |
| 300 m | | |
| 800 m | | |
| 1000 m | 3.00,88 | 528 |
| 1500 m | | |
| 3000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | | |
| 100 m hæk | | |
| 300 m hæk | | |
| 1500 m forh. | | |
| Højde | | |
| Stangspring | | |
| Længde | | |
| Kugle | | |
| Diskos | | |
| Hammer | | |
| Spyd | | |
| Dreng | 15 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 60 m | | |
| 100 m | | |
| 200 m | | |
| 300 m | | |
| 800 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 1500 m | | |
| 3000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | | |
| 100 m hæk | | |
| 300 m hæk | | |
| 1500 m forh. | | |
| Højde | | |
| Stangspring | | |
| Længde | | |
| Kugle | | |
| Diskos | | |
| Hammer | | |
| Spyd | | |
| Dreng | 15 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 60 m | | |
| 100 m | | |
| 200 m | | |
| 300 m | | |
| 800 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 1500 m | | |
| 3000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | | |
| 100 m hæk | | |
| 300 m hæk | | |
| 1500 m forh. | | |
| Højde | | |
| Stangspring | | |
| Længde | | |
| Kugle | | |
| Diskos | | |
| Hammer | | |
| Aranya Kanakalin | g 15 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 60 m | 8,26 | 891 |
| 100 m | | |
| 200 m | 28,56 | 677 |
| 300 m | | |
| 800 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 1500 m | | |
| 3000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | | |
| 80 m hæk | | |
| 300 m hæk | | |
| 1500 m forh. | | |
| Højde | 1,4 | 497 |
| Stangspring | | |
| Længde | 5,07 | 722 |
| Kugle | | |
| Diskos | | |
| Hammer | | |
| Spyd | | |
| Sølv | | 2290 |
| Victoria H. Bjerre | 15 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 60 m | 9,17 | 564 |
| 100 m | | |
| 200 m | 29,96 | 574 |
| 300 m | | |
| 800 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 1500 m | | |
| 3000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | 12,27 | 427 |
| 80 m hæk | | |
| 300 m hæk | | |
| 1500 m forh. | | |
| Højde | | |
| Stangspring | | |
| Længde | 4,11 | 424 |
| Kugle | | |
| Diskos | | |
| Hammer | | |
| Spyd | | |
| Bronze | | 1562 |
| Mathilde Gregersen | 15 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 60 m | 8,16 | 932 |
| 100 m | | |
| 200 m | 27,45 | 765 |
| 300 m | | |
| 800 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 1500 m | | |
| 3000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | 9,39 | 946 |
| 80 m hæk | | |
| 300 m hæk | | |
| 1500 m forh. | | |
| Højde | | |
| Stangspring | | |
| Længde | 4,99 | 696 |
| Kugle | | |
| Diskos | | |
| Hammer | | |
| Spyd | | |
| Sølv | | 2574 |
| Emma Hansen | 15 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 60 m | | |
| 100 m | | |
| 200 m | | |
| 300 m | | |
| 800 m | 2.23,24 | 789 |
| 1000 m | | |
| 1500 m | | |
| 3000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | | |
| 80 m hæk | | |
| 300 m hæk | | |
| Højde | | |
| Stangspring | | |
| Længde | | |
| Kugle | | |
| Diskos | | |
| Hammer | | |
| Spyd | | |
| | | 789 |
| Pige | 15 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 60 m | | |
| 100 m | | |
| 200 m | | |
| 300 m | | |
| 800 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 1500 m | | |
| 3000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | | |
| 80 m hæk | | |
| 300 m hæk | | |
| Højde | | |
| Stangspring | | |
| Længde | | |
| Kugle | | |
| Diskos | | |
| Hammer | | |
| Spyd | | |
| Pige | 15 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disciplin | Resultat | Point |
| 60 m | | |
| 100 m | | |
| 200 m | | |
| 300 m | | |
| 800 m | | |
| 1000 m | | |
| 1500 m | | |
| 3000 m | | |
| 60 m hæk | | |
| 80 m hæk | | |
| 300 m hæk | | |
| Højde | | |
| Stangspring | | |
| Længde | | |
| Kugle | | |
| Diskos | | |
| Hammer | | |
|
<urn:uuid:49b4f51b-45ad-4058-af8e-2af894f72fca>
|
HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/dan_Latn/train
|
finepdfs
|
dan_Latn
| 26,004
|
126 East City Center St. George, Utah 84770
Phone: 435-‐703-‐CARE
Fax:435-‐703-‐2274
Agreement for Services**please allow 48-‐72 Business hours for first order**
Stapley Pharmacy provides services including, but not limited to, medical supplies, medications, blister card and Stapley packaging. The following agreement must be completed, signed, and returned prior to service. Stapley Pharmacy will bill all appropriate agencies/insurances when applicable and provided. The resident or guarantor will be responsible for any non-‐ covered charges and co-‐payments, prior to medicine being dispensed.
Resident Information (please print) Facility: ____________________________________
Name: _______________________________________________ Male ( ) Female ( )
Mailing Address______________________________________________________zip code ____________
Physical Address ____________________________________________________zip code_____________
Date of Birth:________________ SSN:________-‐________-‐__________ Allergies:____________________
Billing Status and Insurance Information:(please fill in all spaces that apply)
Medicare ID # _______________________
Primary Insurance Company: ________________________________Phone: ________________________
Name on Policy (if not resident): _____________________________Relationship: ___________________
Prescription Insurance information
Rx ID Number: ____________________________ Rx Group Number: __________________
BIN Number: ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ PCN:_________________________
Please attach a copy (both front and back) of ALL prescription insurance cards ALL CORRECT INSURANCE INFORMATION MUST BE PROVIDED OR RESPONSIBLE PARTY WILL BE BILLED CASH PRICES
126 East City Center St. George, Utah 84770
Phone: 435-‐703-‐CARE
Fax:435-‐703-‐2274
Guarantor Information(Responsible Party for resident)
Name:_____________________________ Date of Birth:___________ Relationship:_______
Address:__________________________City:__________________State:___ Zip:_________
SS# (if out of UTAH) _______-‐________-‐________ Phone ____________________________
Method of Payment**REQUIRED** (circle one) Visa MasterCard Discover AMEX
CardNumber:__________________________________Expiration:__________CVV:_______
Cardholder's Signature: ________________________________ Zip Code ______________
Authorized Transaction: To allow for the payment for the medicine prescribed to be charged to the credit card listed above as approved by the facility and/or Guarantor. Stapley Pharmacy reserves the right at any time to discontinue service to the resident for any account with a past due balance, or a lack of funds. I understand that medications will automatically be dispensed and delivered. I agree that should the resident be discharged from the facility, it is my responsibility to notify Stapley Pharmacy. And satisify any debts remaining. If medication is delivered to the facility after discharge and is not refused at the time of delivery, it cannot be returned for credit. I agree to be responsible for payment of these medications. And all deliveries from the pharmacy on the residents behalf.
Guarantor signature: ________________________________________ Date: ___________
(Signer must be the same as the Guarantor listed above)
Witnessed by (print) ___________________________& sign________________________
Please return the completed form to a member of your resident's staff or the pharmacy directly or firstname.lastname@example.org
I, the undersigned, agree to pay for the individuals listed above, all costs associated with the provision of prescriptions or other goods or services from Stapley Pharmacy. I am providing a credit/debit card number for the Pharmacy to bill me for the excess costs and the medications or I will pay by check or other means. I authorize Stapley Pharmacy to process and charge my credit card for any balance that I may owe them. I, the undersigned patient, or responsible person for the patient, agree that I will be financially responsible for any co-‐pay, cost, and any non insurance covered costs. It is further understood that I will be billed monthly by Stapley Pharmacy and that my payment is due within 30 days of the mailing of my monthly statement by Stapley Pharmacy. If I fail to pay at the end of 30 days, I agree to pay interest on any unpaid balance in the amount of 1.5% per month together with any Attorneys fees, Court costs, service costs and a 50% collections fee for all unpaid balances that are turned over to a Law Firm or Collection Agency for collections. I understand that those items that are turned over to a law firm or collection agency by Stapley Pharmacy are in their sole discretion. Stapley Pharmacy will not turn over any accounts until the expiration 30 days from the mailing of a statement tome. I further agree to notify Stapley Pharmacy of any changes in my name, address, or credit/debit card information as stated above.
X
_
__________________________________________________________
Patient/Resident name Print
Signature
Date
X___________________________________________________________
Responsibility/Guarantor Print
Signature
Date
|
<urn:uuid:be0aea50-31ad-4721-8fcd-132800a0dd07>
|
HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/eng_Latn/train
|
finepdfs
|
eng_Latn
| 5,196
|
2022 OHSAA Softball Tournament Miami East vs Massillon Tuslaw June 3, 2022 at Akron, Ohio (Firestone Stadium)
E
Miami East starters: 17/cf K. Teeters; 6/rf J. Kadel; 16/p Ky. Kirby; 15/3b R. Howell; 24/ss M. Maxson; 33/1b K. Fetters; 1/2b A. Kadel; 19/lf Ke. Kirby; 13/dp M. Gilliland; 21/c B. Mills;
Massillon Tuslaw starters: 18/cf M. Fox; 15/2b L. Bucher; 25/p M. Rankl; 2/rf K. Mazzocca; 11/dp K. Johnson; 24/c M. Peterson; 31/1b C. Kiefer; 16/3b A. Liebig; 4/ss B. Cooper; 14/lf M. McBride;
Miami East 1st - K. Teeters struck out swinging (2-2 BFSBS). J. Kadel grounded out to p (2-2 FBFBF). Ky. Kirby popped up to ss (3-1 KBBB). 0 runs, 0 hits, 0 errors, 0 LOB.
grounded out to ss (0-0). M. Rankl singled through the left side (1-0 B). K. Mazzocca singled down the lf line (0-0); M. Rankl advanced to second. K. Johnson singled to center field (0-1 F); K. Mazzocca advanced to second; M. Rankl advanced to third. M. McBride pinch ran for K. Johnson. K. Johnson to dp for M. McBride. M. McBride advanced to second on a wild pitch; K. Mazzocca advanced to third on a wild pitch; M. Rankl scored on a wild pitch. M. Peterson struck out swinging (1-2 KBFS). C. Kiefer fouled out to c (2-1 BFB). 1 run, 3 hits, 0 errors, 2 LOB.
Massillon Tuslaw 1st - M. Fox flied out to rf (0-1 K). L. Bucher flied out to cf (1-2 KFB). M. Rankl flied out to lf (0-0). 0 runs, 0 hits, 0 errors, 0 LOB.
Miami East 6th - K. Johnson to dp for M. McBride. M. McBride to lf for K. Johnson. K. Teeters grounded out to 2b (0-2 FS). J. Kadel popped up to ss (1-2 KBF). Ky. Kirby doubled down the rf line (0-0). R. Howell struck out swinging (0-2 FKS). 0 runs, 1 hit, 0 errors, 1 LOB.
Miami East 2nd - R. Howell struck out swinging (2-2 BBSSFS). M. Maxson struck out swinging (0-2 KSS). K. Fetters struck out looking (3-2 BSBSBFK). 0 runs, 0 hits, 0 errors, 0 LOB.
Massillon Tuslaw 2nd - K. Mazzocca flied out to cf (0-1 F). K. Johnson lined out to 2b (1-1 FB). M. Peterson popped up to p (0-0). 0 runs, 0 hits, 0 errors, 0 LOB.
Massillon Tuslaw 6th - A. Liebig hit by pitch (0-0). Hammontree pinch ran for A. Liebig. B. Cooper out at first 3b to 2b, SAC, bunt (0-0); Hammontree advanced to second. M. Fox grounded out to p (0-1 K); Hammontree advanced to third. L. Bucher flied out to lf (3-1 BBBK). 0 runs, 0 hits, 0 errors, 1 LOB.
Miami East 3rd - A. Kadel struck out looking (0-2 KSK). Ke. Kirby struck out swinging (3-2 BBBKKS). M. Gilliland struck out looking (3-2 BBSFBK). 0 runs, 0 hits, 0 errors, 0 LOB.
Massillon Tuslaw 3rd - C. Kiefer walked (3-2 KSBBBB). A. Liebig struck out swinging (0-2 KFS). B. Cooper singled to third base, bunt (0-0); C. Kiefer advanced to second. M. Fox doubled down the lf line, 2 RBI (0-1 K); B. Cooper scored; C. Kiefer scored. L. Bucher doubled down the lf line, RBI (1-0 B); M. Fox scored. M. Rankl singled through the left side, advanced to second on the throw, advanced to third on the error (0-0); L. Bucher advanced to third, scored on a throwing error by lf. K. Mazzocca popped up to 2b (3-1 BKBB). K. Johnson singled up the middle, RBI (0-2 KF); M. Rankl scored. M. Peterson singled to left field (3-1 BBKB); K. Johnson advanced to second. Hammontree pinch ran for M. Peterson. C. Kiefer grounded out to 2b (0-2 KS). 5 runs, 6 hits, 1 error, 2 L O B .
Miami East 7th - A. Liebig to 3b for Hammontree. J. Bair pinch hit for M. Maxson. J. Bair doubled to right center (0-2 SFF). M. Maxson to ss for J. Bair. K. Fetters struck out looking (3-2 BFBFBK). A. Kadel singled to shortstop (0-1 K). Ke. Kirby flied out to rf (1-2 SSFB). M. Gilliland out at first p to 2b, bunt (0-1 S). 0 runs, 2 hits, 0 errors, 2 LOB.
Miami East 4th - M. Peterson to c for Hammontree. K. Teeters walked (3-2 FBBKFBB). J. Kadel doubled to left center (1-0 B); K. Teeters advanced to third. Ky. Kirby flied out to rf, SF, RBI (0-1 K); J. Kadel advanced to third; K. Teeters scored. R. Howell struck out swinging (1-2 KKBS). M. Maxson struck out swinging (1-2 FBKS). 1 run, 1 hit, 0 errors, 1 LOB.
Massillon Tuslaw 4th - A. Liebig grounded out to p (1-0 B). B. Cooper popped up to ss (0-1 K). M. Fox flied out to rf (2-1 BKB). 0 runs, 0 hits, 0 errors, 0 LOB.
Miami East 5th - K. Fetters doubled to right center (1-1 FB). R. Haak pinch ran for K. Fetters. A. Kadel singled up the middle, advanced to second on the throw (2-2 FFBFB); R. Haak advanced to third, out at home cf to c. Ke. Kirby flied out to rf (2-1 KBB). M. Gilliland out at first c to 2b, bunt (1-1 BS). 0 runs, 2 hits, 0 errors, 1 L O B .
Massillon Tuslaw 5th - K. Fetters to 1b for R. Haak. L. Bucher
|
<urn:uuid:0e4a3f91-2099-4818-808c-a74e53144759>
|
HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/eng_Latn/train
|
finepdfs
|
eng_Latn
| 4,576
|
Note: These minutes are not official until approved by the Finance & Administration Committee at a subsequent Meeting. Please refer to the meeting minutes when these minutes are approved to obtain any changes to these minutes.
DeKalb County Government Sycamore, Illinois
Finance & Administration Committee Minutes January 4, 2023
The Finance & Administration Committee of the DeKalb County Board met in Sycamore, Illinois on Wednesday, January 4, 2023. Chair Scott Campbell called the meeting to order at 6:30pm. Those Members present were Mr. Tim Bagby, Ms. Rukisha Crawford, Mr. John Frieders, Mr. Jerry Osland, Mr. Christopher Porterfield. and Mr. Ellingsworth Webb. All Members were Present.
Others present included Brian Gregory, Liam Sullivan and Dr. Suzanne Willis.
APPROVAL OF THE AGENDA
Mr. Porterfield moved to approve the agenda as presented. Ms. Crawford seconded the motion and it was carried unanimously.
APPROVAL OF THE MINUTES
It was moved by Mr. Bagby, seconded by Ms. Crawford and it was carried unanimously to approve the minutes of the November 2, 2022, Finance Committee Meeting.
PUBLIC COMMENTS
There were no public comments.
ANNUAL ABATEMENT RESOLUTIONS
Mr. Gregory presented to the Committee four draft County Abatement Resolutions. The first three are annual Resolutions for debt services as follows:
- R2023-04 A Resolution Abating the Entire Property Tax Levy for the 2022 (payable in 2023) Tax year for the 2017 Jail Expansion Bond Issue in the amount of $1,618,606.
- R2023-05 A Resolution Abating the Entire Property Tax Levy for the 2022 (payable in 2023) Tax Year for the 2020 Nursing Home Expansion Bond Issue in the amount of $676,763.
- R2023-06 A Resolution Abating the Entire Property Tax Levy for the 2022 (payable in 2023) Tax Year for the 2020A Refunding Bond Issue in the amount of $1,197,000.
Mr. Gregory explained that when the County issues bonds, it uses the ability to levy a tax as collateral. In the instance that the County is unable to afford the annual debt service payment with other revenue sources, a property tax levy would be issued. Mr. Gregory stressed the importance of finding the balance between working within the County's means while still providing a high level of service and that the County is able to abate the levies for 2022.
R2023-07 relates to an Illinois law (35ILCS 200/18-233) under Property Tax Code that was signed by the governor in August, 2021. The law pertains to adjustments for certificates of error, Property Tax Appeal
Board final administrative decisions and qualified court orders. These funds would be "made up" on the tax cap and apply to all property tax payers. DeKalb County's share of this "recapture revenue" would be $67,610 if that additional amount is levied under this new law. Consistent with the levy the Board adopted, staff is recommending forwarding the proposed abatement Resolution for this "recapture revenue" as it is more of an additional means to tax under PTELL then it is to "recapture".
It was moved by Mr. Porterfield, seconded by Mr. Frieders and was approved unanimously to forward all four Abatement Resolutions to the full County Board recommending their approval.
R2023-08 A RESOLUTION PROVIDING FOR DEFEASANCE OF COUNTY BONDS AND AUTHORIZING AN ESCROW DEPOSIT AGREEMENT
Mr. Gregory shared that the County will need to place into escrow, the full amount remaining on the debt service for the 2020 Nursing Home Expansion Bond Issue upon the time of sale until the call date for the bonds. An outside firm has calculated that the County will need to place all of the $8,300,100 Sale Price, and up to $5,500,000 of additional funds. Mr. Gregory elaborated that Staff initially anticipated the required amount to be lower but the Bonds were sold at a premium, meaning that the actual interest rate is close to four percent.
Mr. Gregory went on to explain that had the funds from the premium been used to pay down the debt service on the bonds, the interest rate would have been closer to the two and three-tenths percent rate that was on record. Instead, the funds from the bond premiums were used to cover operating expenditures, making it evident that the DCRNC was operating at a loss when the bonds were issued.
Mr. Frieders inquired as to whether or not it is legal to utilize funds from capital debt service to fund operating expenditures. Mr. Gregory explained that unrestricted funds from the Nursing Home were previously used to fund the project prior to the issuance of the bonds. The restricted debt service funds were used to repay the DCRNC, making the funds unrestricted again.
It was moved by Mr. Webb, seconded by Mr. Porterfield and was approved unanimously to forward all the Resolution to the full County Board recommending their approval.
R2023-09 A RESOLUTION AWARDING A CONTRACT FOR AUDITING SERVICES
The County is required to have an audit conducted annually by an outside firm. The County has recently adopted an Audit Rotation policy, which lead to a Request For Proposals to be issued for Auditing Services, which is consistent with the County's Procurement Policy. Two Proposals were received. The first proposal was from Sikich of Naperville, IL, who has provided auditing services for the County since the contract was last put out to bid in 1997. The second proposal received was from Baker Tilly Us, LLP of Oak Brook, IL. The cost proposals were as follows:
Mr. Gregory noted that Sikich's proposal came in at around $20,000 less than what the County paid them for auditing services for the previous fiscal year. Additionally, it was noted that this is a prime example of the advantage presented by bidding out contracts. Mr. Campbell and Mr. Frieders expressed that in spite of the higher price, it is in the best interest to award the contract to Baker Tilly because Sikich failed to alert County Staff to the financial issues at the nursing home. The other Committee members expressed agreement the sentiment that switching companies would be beneficial
It was moved by Mr. Frieders, seconded by Ms. Crawford and was approved unanimously to forward all the Resolution to the full County Board recommending that Baker Tilly be awarded the contract for auditing services.
R2023-10 A RESOLUTION AWARDING A CONTRACT TO GRANICUS FOR FOIA ADMINISTRATION SOFTWARE.
Mr. Sullivan provided an overview of the Granicus Freedom of Information Act Platform Software, which would allow the County to streamline FOIA responses, which would save a considerable amount of staff time, as well as increase organizational transparency.
It was moved by Mr. Webb, seconded by Mr. Frieders and was approved unanimously to forward all the Resolution to the full County Board recommending their approval.
R2023-11 A RESOLUTION EXTENDING THE RETENTION BONUS PROGRAMS FOR EMPLOYEEES AT THE DEKALB COUNTY REHAB & NURSING CENTER
Mr. Gregory explained that there are two components to this Resolution, the first is an extension of the two dollar per hour worked "Stay Bonus" for staff at the DCRNC. The second component is the increased Night Shift differential that is paid to RNs as an incentive for RNs to work the Night Shift at the DCRNC. The Board had previously approved these two bonus programs with an end date of December 31, 2022 or date of sale, whichever came first, under the assumption that the sale of the DCRNC would have been finalized by that time. Staff recommended that the bonus programs be extended to help retain and show appreciation to the staff at the DCRNC.
It was moved by Ms. Crawford, seconded by Mr. Webb and was approved unanimously to forward all the Resolution to the full County Board recommending their approval.
R2023-12 A RESOLUTION AMENDING THE FY2022 BUDGET
Mr. Gregory explained that the FY2022 Budget was previously amended by R2022-218 to reflect the sale of the DCRNC with the assumption that the sale would occur prior to December 31, 2022. R2023-12 amends the FY2022 Budget to reflect the sale of the DCRNC not taking place.
It was moved by Mr. Webb, seconded by Mr. Porterfield and was approved unanimously to forward all the Resolution to the full County Board recommending their approval.
R2023-13 A RESOLUTION AMENDING THE FY2023 BUDGET
This Resolution amends the FY2023 Budget to reflect the planned sale of the DCRNC occurring during the first quarter of FY2023.
It was moved by Mr. Webb, seconded by Mr. Porterfield and was approved unanimously to forward all the Resolution to the full County Board recommending their approval.
Finance & Administration Committee Minutes January 4, 2023 Page 4 of 4
ADJOURNMENT
Mr. Porterfield moved to adjourn the meeting. Ms. Crawford seconded the motion and it was carried unanimously.
_____________________________
____________________________
Chair Scott Campbell
Liam Sullivan, Recording Secretary
RESOLUTION R2023-018
A RESOLUTION AUTHORIZING JOB RECLASSIFICATIONS FOR CERTAIN AFSCME POSITIONS IN THE COUNTY CLERK & RECORDER'S OFFICE
Be it resolved by the County Board of the County of DeKalb, Illinois as follows:
WHEREAS, The Collective Bargaining Agreement between DeKalb County Elected Officials and AFSCME Council 31, Local 3537 established a job audit committee to review certain job classifications; and
WHEREAS, the committee consisting of two AFSCME representatives, the County Clerk & Recorder and the County Administrator met and recommended re-classification as follows:
* Elections Office Assistant B: Reclassified from Office Assistant B to Administrative Clerk C.
* Recorder Office Assistant B: Reclassified from Office Assistant B to Administrative Clerk C.
* Vital Records Office Assistant B: Reclassified from Office Assistant B to Administrative Clerk A.
* Recorder Office Assistant A: Reclassified from Office Assistant A to Administrative Clerk B.
* Elections Office Assistant A: Reclassified from Office Assistant A to Administrative Clerk A.
* Elections Office Assistant A: Reclassified from Office Assistant A to Administrative Clerk B.
* Recorder Administrative Clerk C: Reclassified from Administrative Clerk C to Administrative Clerk A.
* Vital Records Administrative Clerk B: Reclassified from Administrative Clerk B to Office Coordinator.
WHEREAS, a contingency for addressing certain positions was allocated in the FY2023 budget and contemplated in the Collective Bargaining Agreement; and
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED the DeKalb County Board hereby authorizes and approves the reclassification as recommended by the job audit committee for these position within the County Clerk & Recorder's Office that is outlined in this resolution, effective February 26, 2023.
PASSED THIS 15 th DAY OF FEBRUARY 2023 AT SYCAMORE, ILLINOIS
ATTEST:
SIGNED:
_________________________ Tasha Sims DeKalb County Clerk
_________________________ Suzanne Willis, Chair DeKalb County Board
RESOLUTION R2023-019
A RESOLUTION AUTHORIZING AN OPEN PURCHASING ORDER FOR PROCUREMENT OF HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT VEHICLES AND EQUIPMENT
Be it resolved by the County Board of the County of DeKalb, Illinois as follows:
WHEREAS, Bids have been solicited by the County of DeKalb for provision of equipment as specified; and
WHEREAS, The competitive selection process yielded no bids due to market constraints; and
WHEREAS, Purchasing through traditional methods including Request for Proposals, State Purchasing Contracts and Joint Purchasing Cooperatives have been unsuccessful due to continued shortages of inventory for vehicles and equipment; and
WHEREAS, The DeKalb County Board recognizes the necessity of procuring said equipment for performing various functions within the Highway Department; and
WHEREAS, The DeKalb County Board is waiving formal bidding requirements on the vehicles and equipment outlined in this Resolution in order to allow the Highway Department the ability to capitalize on the purchase of budgeted vehicles and equipment in the event said vehicles and equipment become available; and
WHEREAS, The County Engineer is hereby granted the ability to purchase the following vehicles and equipment, provided said vehicles and equipment do not exceed 15% over the purchase price established in the State of Illinois Purchasing Program or one of the Joint Purchasing Cooperatives utilized by the County;
LIST OF THE VEHICLES AND EQUIPMENT – see attached Exhibit "A"
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED the DeKalb County Board hereby waves the competitive selection process and authorizes an open purchase order for vehicles and pieces of equipment as specified in the attached Exhibit "A" or equivalent.
PASSED THIS 15TH DAY OF FEBRUARY 2023 AT SYCAMORE, ILLINOIS
ATTEST:
SIGNED:
_________________________
_________________________
Tasha Sims DeKalb County Clerk
Suzanne Willis, Chair DeKalb County Board
Attachment Exhibit "A"
RESOLUTION #R2023-019
A RESOLUTION AUTHORIZING AN OPEN PURCHASING ORDER FOR PROCUREMENT OF HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT VEHICLES AND EQUIPMENT
2023 Ford F250 Super Cab 4x4 Pickup w/6.75 ft short bed w/plow
F250 Model XL with XL Value Package 600A
with 7.3 Liter V-8 w/385 HP
Aux rear springs & stabilizer
3.73 electronic locking axle
TDM all-terrain tires
Snowplow prep package
Factory blank running boards
Factory upfitter switch panel
Factory tailgate step w/handle
Rhino liner spray in bed liner
Undercoat
Western 8.5 ft MVP3 V-plow
Extra key with remote start
Total government pricing $61,600.00
Maximum 15% over government price $70,840
Budget (2022) $55,000.00
2023 Ford F250 Super Cab 4x4 Pickup w/6.75 ft short bed w/plow
F250 Model XL with XLT Value Package 600A
with 7.3 Liter V-8 w/385 HP
Aux rear springs & stabilizer
3.73 electronic locking axle
TDX all-terrain tires
Snowplow prep package
Factory blank running boards
Factory upfitter switch panel
Factory tailgate step w/handle
Rhino liner spray in bed liner
Undercoat
Extra key with remote start
Total government pricing $56,600.00
Maximum 15% over government price $65,090.00
Budget (2023) $60,000.00
2023 Ford F350 Super Cab 4x4 Pickup w/6.75 ft short bed w/plow
F350 Model XL Value Package 600A
with 6.8 Liter V-8 w/385 HP
Aux rear springs & stabilizer
3.73 electronic locking axle
TBM all-terrain tires
Snowplow prep package
Factory blank running boards
Factory upfitter switch panel
Factory tailgate step w/handle
Rhino liner spray in bed liner
Undercoat
Western 8.5 ft MVP3 V-plow
Extra key with remote start
Extended warranty
Total government pricing $64,100.00
Maximum 15% over government price $73,715.00
Budget (2023) $75,000.00
DEKALB COUNTY HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT
1826 Barber Greene Road DeKalb, Illinois 60115
NATHAN F. SCHWARTZ, P.E. County Engineer
Highway Department Memo
From: Nathan F. Schwartz, P.E., County Engineer
To: Brian Gregory, County Administrator
Re: Vehicle Purchasing
Illinois State Statutes require counties to publicly advertise and open competitive bids when making purchases over $30,000. For the majority of Highway Department construction projects, we hold the letting process internally within our office. For federally funded construction projects, the letting process is handled through IDOT in Springfield.
Sometimes, public entities will piggyback on another entity's letting. This is done when the township road districts and municipalities piggyback on the county's lettings. For our annual bulk rock salt used in winter snow & ice removal, we piggyback on the State of Illinois' letting. For vehicle purchases, we consider three primary public lettings. The most common letting process we have used in the past is the State of Illinois' BidBuy purchasing program, also known as CMS. More recently, we have also compared prices with the nationwide Sourcewell purchasing program and the local Suburban Purchasing Cooperative of the Northwest Municipal Conference.
As published in news articles throughout the nation, the stock of available vehicles has rapidly depleted in the past couple of years. This has primarily been due to issues such as availability of electrical switches for the manufacturing process. Throughout 2022, we tried to purchase a pickup truck but found either these groups did not have any lettings available for suitable vehicles or the awarded vendor did not have any stock remaining. During the year, we found a few vehicles being sold by dealerships on a public lot. Because the price of the vehicle was more than $30,000, we were not able to purchase the vehicle at the time. The advertisement period, opening of bids, review by the Highway Committee, and final award by the County Board is a process which takes approximately one month. The dealers we spoke with stated they would not hold a vehicle for a month because they would be able to sell it quicker through their traditional selling processes.
In 2023, we have looked for suitable vehicles for two different pickup trucks and found the same issues as in 2022. In early January 2023, we advertised for bids to replace one of our tandem trucks used for snow plowing in the winter and material hauling the rest of the year. We received no bids for the truck.
Office Phone: (815) 756-9513
Fax: (815) 756-8705
Office of County Engineer
January 26, 2023
The Highway Department considers the age, condition, number of hours/miles, maintenance costs and other factors when deciding what vehicles are scheduled for replacement each year. Currently, we are trying to replace vehicles for the Foreman, Operations Manager, and one of our Sign Technicians. Each of these pickup trucks gets an extremely high number of miles each year in all weather conditions including the salty roads of winter. The maintenance costs and reliability of these vehicles warrant replacement as soon as a suitable vehicle within budget constraints is available.
We recognize the value of competitive bidding to get the best value and save money for the public. However, due to recent and on-going circumstances, maintenance costs are exceeding the financial benefits of competitive bidding. We would like the authority from the County Board to purchase our vehicles scheduled for replacement in 2022 and 2023 without going through the competitive bid process. We would still consider financial constraints such as limiting the purchase price to 15% over the normal government prices we would see through one of the above mentioned pubic agency purchasing programs.
Nathan F. Schwartz, P.E. DeKalb County Engineer
RESOLUTION R2023-020
A RESOLUTION AUTHORIZING AN OPEN PURCHASING ORDER FOR PROCUREMENT OF FACILITIES MANAGEMENT OFFICE VEHICLES AND EQUIPMENT
Be it resolved by the County Board of the County of DeKalb, Illinois as follows:
WHEREAS, Bids have been solicited by the County of DeKalb for provision of equipment as specified; and
WHEREAS, The competitive selection process yielded no bids due to market constraints; and
WHEREAS, Purchasing through traditional methods including Request for Proposals, State Purchasing Contracts and Joint Purchasing Cooperatives have been unsuccessful due to continued shortages of inventory for vehicles and equipment; and
WHEREAS, The DeKalb County Board recognizes the necessity of procuring said equipment for performing various functions within the Facilities Management Office; and
WHEREAS, The DeKalb County Board is waiving formal bidding requirements on the vehicles and equipment outlined in this Resolution in order to allow various DeKalb County departments the ability to capitalize on the purchase of budgeted vehicles and equipment in the event said vehicles and equipment become available; and
WHEREAS, The appropriate department heads are hereby granted the ability to purchase the following vehicles and equipment, provided said vehicles and equipment do not exceed 15% over the purchase price established in the State of Illinois Purchasing Program or one of the Joint Purchasing Cooperatives utilized by the County;
LIST OF THE VEHICLES AND EQUIPMENT – see attached Exhibit "A"
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED the DeKalb County Board hereby waves the competitive selection process and authorizes an open purchase order for vehicles and pieces of equipment as specified in the attached Exhibit "A" or equivalent.
PASSED THIS 15TH DAY OF FEBRUARY 2023 AT SYCAMORE, ILLINOIS
ATTEST:
SIGNED:
_________________________
_________________________
Tasha Sims DeKalb County Clerk
Suzanne Willis, Chair DeKalb County Board
Attachment Exhibit "A"
RESOLUTION #R2023-020 A RESOLUTION AUTHORIZING AN OPEN PURCHASING ORDER FOR PROCUREMENT OF FACILITIES MANAGEMENT OFFICE VEHICLES AND EQUIPMENT
Facilities Management Office
2023 Ford F450 4x4 Pickup w/11 ft stainless steel dump bed & plow
F450 Model Preferred Equipment Pkg 650A
with 7.3 Liter V-8
169" wheelbase
Airflo dump body 11 ft with 17" drop sides
4.88 electronic locking axle
Snowplow prep package
PTO hydraulic system
410 amp alternator
Factory running boards
Undercoat
Western 8.5 ft MVP3 angle plow
Back up alarm
Rear view camera
Total government pricing $88,900
Maximum 15% over government price $102,235
Budget: DeKalb County Asset Replacement Program
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Tournoi international de rugby à 7: le Papeete RC organise son événement
Le Papeete Rugby Club a été créé en 2015 en pleine ‘guerre’ entre l’ancienne fédération, la FTR, et la nouvelle, la FPR. Cette conférence nous a permis d’en apprendre un peu plus sur le point de vue de ce jeune club par rapport à cette problématique, souvent en toile de fond des différentes annonces faites, car effectivement, cette guerre des fédérations n’est pas encore terminée.
En 2015, le Papeete Rugby Club saisit l’opportunité de partir à Rapa Nui pour participer à un tournoi international de rugby comportant trois équipes. L’expérience est enrichissante et donne lieu à un jumelage entre le club Pascuan Matamua et le RC Papeete. En 2016, victime de son succès, malgré l’isolement de Rapa Nui, le tournoi pascuan attire huit équipes, puis 16 en 2017. Il n’en faut pas plus pour que le RC Papeete, malgré sa jeunesse, ne se lance dans cette aventure : la création d’un tournoi international de rugby à 7.
LE RUGBY À 7, UNE DISCIPLINE ATTRAYANTE
Pourquoi le rugby à 7 ? Le rugby à 7 est redevenu un sport olympique en 2016 à Rio. La discipline est spectaculaire, les règles simplifiées et faciles à comprendre par rapport au rugby à XV. Les matchs sont courts, il durent deux mi-temps de 7 minutes, deux mi-temps de 10 minutes pour les finales. Les rencontres sont donc intenses. Il y a moins de joueurs sur le terrain et donc plus d’espace, la vitesse des joueurs est ainsi privilégiée.
La courte durée de temps de jeu permet d’organiser un tournoi international sur une période courte. Enfin, les déplacements sont moins importants qu’en rugby à XV, le fossé de décalage culturel large sont donc beaucoup moins lourds. Ce n’est pas tout, la discipline semble convenir aux pays du Pacifique dont les joueurs sont convoités par les grandes nations du rugby. C’est en effet Fidji qui a remporté le tournoi lors des Jeux olympiques de Rio en 2016.
Quatre pays du Pacifique figurent dans le top dix mondial de la discipline : Nouvelle-Zélande, Australie, Samoa et Fidji. Il n’en fallait pas plus pour convaincre les instances sportives du Pays de soutenir cet événement. Il y avait ici une carte à jouer. Il y a également l’aspect du tourisme sportif. Bruce Andrieux est par ailleurs le gérant de Poer Charter, une société qui possède une flotte de huit catamarans qui propose des charters vers Tetiaroa et autres destinations en Polynésie.
Autant dire que Bruce Andrieux, professionnel du tourisme, a les sens de l’accueil, comme on a pu s’en rendre compte lors de la conférence de presse agrémentée de fruits polynésiens. Le Papeete Rugby Club compte bien tout faire pour remplir au maximum le stade de Fautaua pour ce tournoi qui s’annonce intéressant. C’est également dans cette logique d’innovation que Tahiti Infos est devenue partenaire de cet événement inédit en Polynésie française. Le Papeete Rugby Club a pu compter également sur le soutien de la mairie de Papeete et celui du Ministère du tourisme.
UNE COMPÉTITION DE “CLUBS”
Cette compétition est une compétition de ‘clubs’ et non de nations. Il y aura donc quatre clubs venant de l’extérieur. Le club de Latuoka est une équipe ‘entreprise’ fidjienne. Elle sera clairement l’équipe à battre, le rugby étant une véritable ‘religion’ à Fidji, championne olympique de la discipline. L’équipe des Bleus Sevens est une équipe de métropole composée de joueurs espoirs visant l’intégration de la sélection nationale. Ils se sont déjà illustrés dans des tournois internationaux à Dubaï à Manchester ou à Las Vegas et font aussi partie des favoris.
On trouve ensuite l’équipe des îles Cook avec le club Avarua qui fut champion de rugby à 7 des îles Cook en 2016, 2017 et champion 2017 en rugby à 15. Le rugby est comme à Fidji, le sport national. L’équipe de Rapa Nui Matamua Rugby complète le quatuor d’invités, ce club jumelé au Papeete RC ne pouvait pas ne pas venir à ce tournoi. L’aventure amicale entre les deux clubs pourra ainsi se poursuivre.
Les équipes locales sont principalement constituées des six équipes présentes dans le
championnat de rugby à XV proposé par la Fédération polynésienne de rugby présidée par Apolosi Folaki. On retrouve ainsi le club organisateur le Papeete RC, Fa'a Rugby Aro, le Pirae RC, le Punauia RC, l'équipe du XV Mili, club comprenant des anciens du club de Arae, une équipe des îles Sous-le-Vent constituée d'un mix de joueurs de Huahine et Raiatea, Paea qui doit encore confirmer sa participation et enfin une équipe "Barbarians" composée de joueurs isolés.
association autonome affiliée à la FPR. Le tournoi se fait sous l'égide de la FPR mais on a bien senti que c'était avant tout le club qui organisait la compétition.
La réponse à la question concernant cette guerre des fédérations a été formulée sans langue de bois. Les agissements de l'ancienne Fédération tahitienne de rugby, notamment à l'international, ont été qualifiés d'inadmissibles et néfastes pour l'image du rugby tahitien à l'international.
D'un autre côté, la Fédération polynésienne de rugby en a pris aussi pour son grade. "Suite à des gestes inadmissibles correspondant à un rugby d'un autre âge lors de la demi-finale de la Coupe de Tahiti entre Fa'a'o et Papeete, on avait demandé à la FPR d'agir par des sanctions disciplinaires. Rien n'a été fait dans ce sens, on attend toujours, or le président de la commission disciplinaire au sein de la FPR n'est autre que le président de Fa'a Rugby. Qu'attend-il pour agir ?"
Bruce Andrieux ne s'est pas montré amer pour autant, il a simplement précisé : "Chacun son rôle. La fédération a beaucoup à faire pour permettre au rugby polynésien de retrouver sa sérénité. Elle doit aussi œuvrer pour les jeunes, elle doit s'occuper des sélections du Pays, des formations d'arbitrage, des projets de déplacements à l'extérieur, le chantier de reconstruction est vaste". Il a conclu en invitant tout le rugby local à se mobiliser pour participer à cet événement.
BELLE TENTATIVE DE RÉUNIFICATION DU RUGBY POLYNÉSIEN
On a pu voir en 2017 que le club d'Arae et celui de Manu Ura de Paea n'ont toujours pas réintégré le championnat de Polynésie. Ce tournoi est ainsi une belle tentative de réconciliation des clubs polynésiens divisés par la guerre des fédérations qui a sévi dans le rugby également. Les arbitres seront fournis par l'amicale des arbitres, une
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Nelson County Economic Development Authority January 4, 2018
Present: Greg Kelly, John Bruguiere, Mark Robinette, Alphonso Taylor, Carlton Ballowe, Natt Hall, Dr. Jeff Comer
Chairperson John Bruguiere called the meeting to order.
There was no public comment.
Motion: To approve the 2018 slate of officers. Ballowe-Robinette. (6-0)
Roll call vote: Robinette, aye; Kelly, aye; Hall, aye; Taylor, aye; Ballowe, aye; Bruguiere, aye.
John Bruguiere – Chairman
Carlton Ballowe – Vice-Chairman
Alphonso Taylor – Secretary-Treasurer
The contract for logging the Callohill property has been executed.
The discussion with Superintendent Jeff Comer about career training programs in Nelson schools resulted in the following action items:
Maureen Kelley will meet with Sandra McKenzie from the Career Technical Education program and share the results of the target industry study as well as facilitate connections to the business community to create a program to create relationships between businesses and students. Further, Maureen will work with Dr. Comer to better market the school system's achievements and benchmarks.
There was no public comment.
There being no further business, the meeting was adjourned.
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1 Inleiding
Het statistisch jaarverslag van de arbeidsongevallen wordt opgesteld op basis van de elementen uit de ongevallenaangifte en de informatie over de vergoeding door de verzekeraars. Deze gegevens worden opgeslagen in de database van het Fonds voor arbeidsongevallen die gevoed wordt door elektronische stromen. De elementen uit de aangifte en de informatie met betrekking tot de al dan niet tenlasteneming van het ongeval en de vergoeding van de tijdelijke ongeschiktheid worden in quasi real time naar het Fonds doorgestuurd volgens het ritme van het dagelijks beheer van de verzekeringsonderneming. Vóór het einde van de maand februari die volgt op het dienstjaar sturen de verzekeringsondernemingen de gegevens met betrekking tot de betalingen en de op 31 december voorziene graden door naar het Fonds.
De gegevens inzake werkgelegenheid, uitgedrukt in dit verslag in uren blootstelling aan de risico’s, worden berekend op basis van het aantal voltijdse equivalenten die door de werkgevers aangegeven werden bij de RSZ in het kader van de DMFA.
Sinds 2007 zijn de diensten in staat om de jaarstatistieken van de arbeidsongevallen te publiceren op het einde van het eerste semester dat volgt op het beschouwde jaar. De inwerkingtreding in 2005 van EVA (Elektronische Verbinding Arbeidsongevallen tussen de verzekeringsondernemingen, het FAO en de socialezekerheidssector) is uiteraard niet vreemd aan deze snellere publicatie van de jaarstatistieken dan in het verleden.
2 168.201 arbeidsongevallen in 2009
2.1 EVOLUTIE VAN HET AANTAL ARBEIDSONGEVallen VAN 1985 TOT 2009
De eerste gevolgen van de economische crisis op de werkgelegenheid lieten zich voelen tijdens het vierde kwartaal van 2008. De afname van de werkgelegenheid, met merkbare uitzondering in de sector van de gezondheidszorg en maatschappelijk werk, beïnvloedde tijdens dat kwartaal het geheel van de privésector in verschillende mate. In de sector van de verwerkende nijverheid daalde het werkgelegenhedenvolume het meest (-3,3 % voltijdse equivalenten). De inkrimping van de werkgelegenheid en dus van de blootstelling aan het ongevallenrisico heeft vanzelfsprekend een mechanische invloed gehad op de evolutie van het aantal ongevallen dat vanaf het einde van 2008 begon te dalen (-4,4 % ongevallen tussen het 3e en het 4e kwartaal van 2008 in de sector van de verwerkende nijverheid (Doc. BC/6/09/104)).
In 2009 was het aantal gepresteerde uren per werknemer van de hele privésector 4% lager in vergelijking met 2008. Deze daling had het verwachte maar versterkte effect op het aantal
arbeidsongevallen: - 10,7 % in vergelijking met 2008. De breuk met de algemene tendens van de zes voorgaande jaren blijkt duidelijk in grafiek 1.
Grafiek 1: Evolutie van het aantal arbeidsongevallen (arbeidsplaats en arbeidsweg samen) van 1985 (263.966 ongevallen) tot 2009 (168.201 ongevallen).
2.2 145.546 ONGEVALLEN OP DE ARBEIDSPLAATS EN 22.655 ONGEVALLEN OP DE ARBEIDSWEG IN 2009
2.2.1 Frequentie van de ongevallen
Het aantal arbeidsongevallen evolueert verschillend naargelang het gaat om ongevallen op de arbeidsplaats of op de arbeidsweg. Grafiek 2 toont de evolutie van de ongevallen op de arbeidsplaats, de ongevallen op de arbeidsweg en de werkgelegenheid uitgedrukt in aantal werknemers\(^1\) op 30 juni, vanaf 1985 (basis=100). In 2009 heeft men 19 580 minder ongevallen op de arbeidsplaats geregistreerd dan het voorgaande jaar (-11,9 %) en 519 ongevallen minder op de arbeidsweg (-2,2 %).
Grafiek 2: Evolutie van het aantal ongevallen op de arbeidsplaats, op de arbeidsweg en aantal werkplaatsen op 30 juni van 1986 tot 2008 – basis 100=1985
\(^1\) De gegevens van de werkgelegenheid uitgedrukt in voltijdse equivalenten zijn slechts beschikbaar vanaf 2000).
2.2.2 Ernst van de ongevallen
De dodelijke ongevallen en de ongevallen waarvoor de verzekeraars een provisie aanleggen op basis van een voorziene blijvende arbeidsongeschiktheid op termijn vormen een indicator van de ernst van de situatie op dit gebied. De evolutie van het aantal van deze ongevallen per 1000 arbeidsplaatsen kan informatie verschaffen over de tendens. Uit de figuren 3 en 4 blijkt dat sinds 1985 de beperkte evolutie van de ongevallen op de arbeidsplaats lichtjes daalt. Men is van ongeveer 6 ernstige ongevallen per 1000 arbeidsplaatsen in het begin van de periode gegaan naar 5 ernstige ongevallen in 2009.
Grafiek 3: Het aantal dodelijke ongevallen op de arbeidsplaats of met voorziene blijvende ongeschiktheid op 31 december van het jaar van het ongeval per 1000 arbeidsplaatsen.
De evolutie op de arbeidsweg kent eerder een stijging tijdens de waargenomen periode. Het aantal ernstige ongevallen per 1000 arbeidsposten is lichtjes hoger dan 1 op 1000 arbeidsposten in 2009.
Grafiek 4: Het aantal dodelijke ongevallen op de arbeidsweg of met voorziene blijvende ongeschiktheid op 31 december van het jaar van het ongeval per 1000 arbeidsplaatsen.
2.3 **BREUK VAN DE TENDENS TUSSEN 2008 EN 2009: WEERSLAG VAN DE ECONOMISCHE CRISIS OP DE WERKGELEGENHEID EN OP DE ONGEVALLEN OP DE ARBEIDSPLAATS**
2.3.1 **Activiteitensectoren**
De afname van de werkgelegenheid in 2009 had een even grote weerslag op het aantal ongevallen op de arbeidsweg. Op de arbeidsplaats werd de weerslag echter verveelvoudigd. Kan de versterkende invloed van de afname van de werkgelegenheid op de daling van de ongevallen verklaard worden doordat het verlies aan werkgelegenheid zich vooral voordoet in de sectoren waar de ongevallenfrequentie het hoogst is?
Niets is minder zeker. Laten we de situatie bekijken bij de 6 belangrijkste activiteitensectoren. Deze 6 sectoren, weergegeven in grafiek 5, vertegenwoordigen in 2009 87,1% van de arbeidsongevallen en 73% van de uren blootstelling aan het risico. De grafiek is degressief gerangschikt op basis van de hoeveelheid uren gepresteerd door alle werknemers, arbeiders en bedienden tezamen.
Grafiek 5: Verdeling van de 6 belangrijkste economische sectoren in 2009 volgens hun aandeel in het volume van de gepresteerde uren in 2009.
In grafiek 6 die de toename of de afname in percentage verklart tussen 2008 en 2009, van de arbeidsongevallen en de uren blootstelling aan het risico, stelt men vast dat behalve in de sectoren menselijke gezondheidszorg en maatschappelijk werk (Sectie Q) in alle andere sectoren het werkgelegenheidsvolume gedaald is in 2009, en, soms met een veel groter aandeel zoals in de dienstverlening (Sectie N), het aantal arbeidsongevallen.
Grafiek 6: Evolutie tussen 2008 en 2009 van het aantal ongevallen op de arbeidsplaats en het aantal uren blootsteling aan het risico.
We zien dus dat, als de werkgelegenheid daalt in een sector, het aantal arbeidsongevallen sterker daalt. In de gezondheidssector en de sector maatschappelijk werk, waar in tegenstelling tot de andere sectoren de populatie toenam, is het aantal arbeidsongevallen nog meer gestegen.
2.3.2 Kenmerken van de werknemers: leeftijd, geslacht, beroepscategorie
We hebben de evolutie van de werkgelegenheid en van de ongevallen tussen 2008 en 2009 onderzocht naargelang de volgende variabelen: de leeftijd, het geslacht en de beroepscategorie van de werknemers en de slachtoffers van arbeidsongevallen. Hierbij zijn we uitgegaan van het principe dat, indien elke werknemer hetzelfde ongevallenrisico loopt, de dalende of stijgende evolutie van de werkgelegenheid een gelijkwaardige beweging van dezelfde grootte van arbeidsongevallen zou veroorzaken.
Zoals te zien is in grafiek 7 was de daling van de werkgelegenheid groter bij de werknemers jonger dan 25 jaar. Deze daling is vrij gelijkwaardig, rond -5%, tussen de 25 en de 44 jaar. Ze wordt bijna gelijk aan nul vanaf 45 jaar en licht positief bij de werknemers van 55 tot 64 jaar (+0,2%).
Grafiek 7: Evolutie tussen 2008 en 2009 van het aantal arbeidsongevallen en het aantal uren blootstelling aan de risico's naargelang de leeftijd.
Hetzelfde geldt voor de evolutie van de arbeidsongevallen tussen beide jaren. Wat opvalt is dat in elke leeftijdsklasse de ongevallen sterker afnemen dan de werkgelegenheid. De afname van de ongevallen tussen 15 en 44 jaar is 1,5 tot driemaal hoger dan de afname van de werkgelegenheid.
De situatie van de mannen en van de vrouwen verschilt op twee punten. Bij deze laatste steeg de werkgelegenheid in 2009 vanaf de leeftijdsklasse 45-49 jaar en de tot dan waargenomen tendens (relatieve afname van de ongevallen hoger dan de relatieve afname van de werkgelegenheid) werd omgekeerd voor de categorie 55-64 jaar: bij de oudsten steeg het aantal gepresteerde uren met 5,5% maar het aantal ongevallen nam met bijna 10% toe (grafiek 9).
Grafiek 8: Evolutie tussen 2008 en 2009 van het aantal arbeidsongevallen en het aantal uren blootstelling aan de risico’s naargelang de leeftijd - Mannen
Grafiek 9: Evolutie tussen 2008 en 2009 van het aantal arbeidsongevallen en het aantal uren blootstelling aan de risico’s naargelang de leeftijd - Vrouwen
We stellen een gelijkaardig fenomeen vast voor de beroepscategorieën.
Bij de arbeiders heeft de daling van de ongevallen en de gepresteerde uren betrekking op alle leeftijdscategorieën. Het verband tussen deze twee dalende tendensen blijft relatief constant. De daling van de ongevallen is immers meer uitgesproken dan de daling van de werkgelegenheid (grafiek 10).
Bij de bedienden is het beeld daarentegen minder duidelijk, hoewel er een duidelijk verband is tussen ongevallen en werkgelegenheid. We merken echter op dat het aantal gepresteerde uren begint toe te nemen vanaf de leeftijdscategorie 45-49 jaar en dat de relatieve toename van het aantal ongevallen hoger ligt dan de toename van de werkgelegenheid voor de oudere werknemers (grafiek 11)
Grafiek 10: Evolutie tussen 2008 en 2009 van het aantal arbeidsongevallen en het aantal uren risicoblootstelling naargelang de leeftijd - Arbeiders
Grafiek 11: Evolutie tussen 2008 en 2009 van het aantal arbeidsongevallen en het aantal uren risicoblootstelling naargelang de leeftijd - Bedienden
De economische crisis heeft een weerslag gehad op de werkgelegenheid: de daling van de werkgelegenheid heeft alle leeftijdscategorieën bij de arbeiders getroffen. 74% van de door hen gepresteerde uren staan op naam van mannen. Bij de bedienden, waarvan de gepresteerde uren gelijkmatig verdeeld zijn tussen mannen en vrouwen, had deze daling van de werkgelegenheid vooral betrekking op de 45-jarige werknemers.
We zouden ook meer details willen over de soorten werknemers die meer getroffen werden door de crisis van de werkgelegenheid.
De evolutie van het aantal arbeidsongevallen naargelang het soort beroep (tabel 4.2.1) kan een antwoord bieden op deze vraag: als we de verdeling van de beroepen van 2008 en 2009 vergelijken, stellen we vast dat de belangrijkste dalingen betrekking hebben op de lassers, de plaatwerkers-koperslagers, de metaalconstructeurs en gelijksortigen (-33,4%), de industriearbeiders (-30,5%) en de transport- en magazijnbedienden (-20,4%).
De anciënniteit in de onderneming (tabel 4.3.1) kan ook dienen als indicator voor het soort werknemer dat meer dan de andere heeft geleden onder de crisis: in 2008 vertegenwoordigden de werknemers met minder dan een jaar anciënniteit in de onderneming 34,9% van de slachtoffers. In 2009 vertegenwoordigde dit soort werknemers slechts 30,4%.
meer van de slachtoffers. Dat geeft aan dat de werknemers die het meest recent in de onderneming zijn binnengekomen, meestal jonge werknemers, meer getroffen werden door jobverlies.
2.4 DE ERNST VAN DE ONGEVALLEN IN 2009
2.4.1 Frequentie- en ernstgraad van de privésector
Zoals we gezien hebben in grafiek 3, is het aantal dodelijke ongevallen of ongevallen met voorziene blijvende ongeschiktheid per 1 000 werkposten in 2009 gedaald in vergelijking met 2008. Deze indicator op basis van de voorzieningen van de verzekeraars met betrekking tot de uitkomst van de ongevallenregeling (al dan niet blijvende ongeschiktheid) kan nuttig zijn om de langetermijntendensen te bepalen. De onnauwkeurigheid ervan maakt echter dat deze minder geschikt is om de evolutie van het ene jaar tegenover het andere te vergelijken.
In 2009 heeft de vergelijking tussen de frequentie- en de ernstgraad van de ongevallen op de arbeidsplaats van 2009 en de twee voorgaande jaren dit echter bevestigd\(^2\). De frequentiegraad van de ongevallen in 2009 is met 9,5 % gedaald in vergelijking met 2008. De daling van de frequentie gaat gepaard met een daling van de werkelijke ernstgraad die rekening houdt met de door de ongevallen veroorzaakte tijdelijke ongeschiktheid (-10,2 %) en met een daling van de globale ernstgraad waarvan de berekening behalve de tijdelijke ongeschiktheid ook de voorziene percentages voor blijvende ongeschiktheid en de dodelijke ongevallen incalculeert (-7,9 %).
Grafiek 12: Frequentie- en ernstgraad van de privésector in 2007, 2008 en 2009
Om een nauwkeurige vergelijking tussen de graden van de 3 jaren mogelijk te maken, werd in de berekening van de graden van 2009 geen rekening gehouden met het aantal uren risicoblootstelling van de studenten waarvan het werk niet RSZ-plichtig is. Dat gebeurde voor de 2 andere jaren immers ook niet.
\(^2\) De graden van de 3 laatste jaren werden vastgelegd op dezelfde basis inzake werkgelegenheid, namelijk de uren risicoblootstelling berekend over het hele jaar en niet meer op 30 juni zoals dat voordien het geval was.
De berekende graden voor 2009 op basis van het geheel van de gepresteerde uren in de privésector, met inbegrip van die van de studenten (1,2% van de totale werkgelegenheid in 2009) zijn als volgt (zie tabel 14.1 van de statistische tabellen):
- Frequentiegraad: 22,04
- Werkelijke ernstgraad: 0,52
- Globale ernstgraad: 2,07
### 2.4.2 Frequentie- en ernstgraden in de 6 voornaamste activiteitensectoren
Grafiek 6 geeft de evolutie weer van de arbeidsongevallen tussen 2008 en 2009 in de 6 voornaamste activiteitensectoren. De grafieken 13 tot 15 geven de evolutie weer tussen de 2 jaren van de verschillende graden van deze sectoren.
**Grafiek 13:** Evolutie van de frequentiegraden van de 6 voornaamste sectoren van 2008 tot 2009
**Grafiek 14:** Evolutie van de werkelijke ernstgraden van de 6 voornaamste sectoren van 2008 tot 2009
Grafiek 15: Evolutie van de globale ernstgraden van de 6 voornaamste sectoren van 2008 tot 2009
- N: 7,09 (2008) en 6,37 (2009), -10,2%
- C: 4,57 (2008) en 4,14 (2009), -9,4%
- Q: 3,28 (2008) en 2,91 (2009), -11,3%
- F: 2,33 (2008) en 2,17 (2009), -6,9%
- G: 1,51 (2008) en 1,61 (2009), +6,6%
- H: 1,45 (2008) en 1,44 (2009), -0,7%
GEG 2008 en GEG 2009
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Colégio Pequeno Príncipe
(16) 3623.0731 - www.colegiopequenoprincipe.com.br
LISTA DE MATERIAL DO 3º ANO - 2025
A partir desse ano, o Colégio firmou uma parceria comercial com a ACF Distribuidora de Livros, através da qual os pais de alunos do Colégio Pequeno Príncipe terão direito a descontos e condições de pagamento exclusivas.
Para isso, vocês deverão acessar: www.comprelistaescolar.com.br
Usuário: pequenoprincipe
Senha: cpp2025
LIVROS
PORTUGUÊS
1 – Língua Portuguesa – PORTA ABERTA PARA O MUNDO – 3º ano Isabella Pessôa de Melo Carpaneda – Ed. FTD – ISBN: 7908439320153 Observação: comprar com o caderno Lição de Casa.
2 – Dicionário: O que o aluno tiver. Se for necessário comprá-lo, sugere-se:
Minidicionário Houaiss – Ed. Moderna – ISBN: 9788516122034
3 – Português - Cadernos de Atividades – Ver informação no quadro "OBSERVAÇÕES".
4 – Livros Paradidáticos:
1. Romeu e Julieta – Ruth Rocha – Ed. Salamandra
2. O Veado e a Onça – Recontado por Ana Maria Machado – Ed. FTD
3. O Pequeno Baobá – André Luís Oliveira – Ed. Paulus
4. A Dobradura do Samurai – Ilan Brenman – Ed. Moderna
5. Pequeno Pode Tudo – Pedro Bandeira – Ed. Moderna
6. Correspondência – Bartolomeu Campos de Queirós – Ed. RHJ
MATEMÁTICA
1 – Conjunto FAÇA! MATEMÁTICA 3º ANO – Editora FTD (os livros vêm dentro de uma caixa)
2 – Matemática - Cadernos de Atividades – Ver informação no quadro "OBSERVAÇÕES".
CIÊNCIAS
1 – Curupira e o Equilíbrio da Natureza – Samuel M. Branco – Ed. Moderna 3ª edição
2 – Meu Planeta Rima com Água – César Obeid – Ed. Moderna
3 – Ciências - Cadernos de Atividades – Ver informação no quadro "OBSERVAÇÕES".
HISTÓRIA E GEOGRAFIA
1 – Fiz o que Pude – Lucília Junqueira A. Prado – Ed. Moderna
2 – História e Geografia – Cadernos de Atividades – Ver informação no quadro "OBSERVAÇÕES".
O livro deve ter esta capa.
INGLÊS
1 – Story Central Plus Students Book w/ebook Activity Pack – 1 – ISBN: 9786685749342
2 – Inglês – Caderno de Atividades – Ver informação no quadro "OBSERVAÇÕES".
CADERNOS
Todos os cadernos são do tipo brochura, com capa dura, universitário, 50 folhas
2 vermelhos (Português)
1 azul (História e Geografia)
1 amarelo (Ciências)
2 verdes (Matemática)
OUTROS MATERIAIS
(é a mesma usada no 2º ano - alunos novos devem comprar)
1 flauta - Yamaha Soprano (Germânica)
1 agenda com um dia por página
1 pacote de papel criativo - A4 - "COLOR SET" 110g/m 2 (contém 24 folhas)
1 pacote fechado (500 folhas) de papel Copimax ou Chamex – Ofício 2 – 216x330mm 75g/m 2
1 monobloco com 50 folhas (folhas brancas, pautadas, sem desenhos)
pastas plásticas com classificador – tamanho Ofício – 1 vermelha (Português)
1 verde (Matemática)
1 azul (História e Geografia)
1 amarela (Ciências)
1 transparente (Artes)
pastas plásticas com elástico – tamanho Ofício – 1 transparente (Redação)
1 amarela (Provas Bimestrais)
1 fumê (Inglês)
1 roxa (Construindo a Convivência)
1 caixa de lápis de cor diversos lápis pretos nº 2, apontados (lapiseiras não serão usadas no 3º ano)
1 apontador com depósito para resíduos
1 régua rígida transparente de 30cm (régua não flexível)
1 conjunto de canetinhas coloridas
1 cola escolar
1 borracha verde ou branca sem cheiro e sem desenho, bem macia
1 tesoura sem ponta
2 gibis novos ou em bom estado
1 revista usada (para Português)
OBSERVAÇÕES
IMPORTANTE: Todo material desta lista deverá ser trazido pela criança no primeiro dia de aula.
Os materiais que devem ser adquiridos no Colégio (os Cadernos de Atividades que são feitos pelos professores, o livro de Inglês e o material de Tecnologia) podem ser entregues ao aluno na primeira semana de aula, mediante o pagamento do valor correspondente, que será informado a vocês pelo WhatsApp, a partir do dia 27 de janeiro.
Neste ano, o Colégio estará aberto até o dia 20 de dezembro, às 12 horas.
Em 2025, estará aberto a partir do dia 6 de janeiro.
O horário de funcionamento da secretaria, durante o mês de janeiro, será de segunda à sexta-feira, das 8h às 17h.
O ano letivo terá início no dia 03 de fevereiro de 2025.
UNIFORME
É obrigatório o uso do uniforme completo.
Parte de cima: camiseta do Colégio.
Parte de baixo: calça comprida, bermuda, saia ou short-saia na cor azul-marinho (qualquer tecido ou de jeans azul), sendo que não pode ser mais curto que quatro dedos acima do joelho.
Agasalho: na cor azul-marinho ou de jeans azul ou vermelho, liso, com ou sem o emblema do Colégio.
Calçados: tênis, sapato ou sandália presa no calcanhar, não sendo permitido o uso de sandália aberta (como rasteirinha, chinelo ou havaiana). Em aula de Educação Física é obrigatório o uso de tênis.
A venda do uniforme será feita na "Loja Lithe Sports" – localizada à Rua São José, 1766, Jardim Sumaré. O horário de funcionamento da loja é: de segunda à sexta-feira, das 9h15 às 18h, e sábado, das 10h às 13h. Contato de WhatsApp (Daniela): (16)98127-5365.
CONVITE
Convidamos os senhores pais das crianças do 3º ano para a reunião que realizaremos no dia 03 de fevereiro, segunda-feira, às 20 horas, aqui no Colégio. Nessa reunião apresentaremos o trabalho que pretendemos desenvolver durante 2025.
Sua presença é indispensável.
Atenciosamente,
A DIREÇÃO.
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SE CONSOLIDAN INSTALACIONES Y EQUIPAMIENTO DEL INSTITUTO DE FÍSICA
Con la inauguración de la Biblioteca y la puesta en marcha de nueve laboratorios se ha logrado asegurar las actividades que en el nuevo plantel son clave para un funcionamiento integral. La información de material bibliográfico, como son: las revistas impresas y un amplio universo de bibliografía científica, ha sido de gran importancia con la aportación de personal bibliotecario con experiencia y capacidad acreditada. Siento así que el Bibliotecólogo Gustavo Montalvo y el Responsable de la Biblioteca Dr. José Guadalupe Sampedro reciben de manos del Rector un reconocimiento por su labor. Fue gracias a una convocatoria del semestre pasado que la Biblioteca cuenta con un mural, arte del ganador del proyecto Jorge Abraham Chávez Pueste, lo anterior con apoyo al Inpojuve y la empresa DráxImaier quienes donaron los materiales.
La mudanza se ha desarrollado cuidando los protocolos para salvaguardar los materiales a reubicar. No obstante, a esta necesaria acción de movilidad, las actividades académicas no se han interrumpido, consolidando así la unidad entre los integrantes de esta comunidad. En las nuevas instalaciones del Pedregal, ya se encuentran en funcionamiento los laboratorios de átomos fríos y Unidad de sensores cuánticos LAMANC; Laboratorio de fenómenos ondulatorios en medios complejos; Laboratorio de interacciones biomoleculares y cáncer; Laboratorio de biomarcadores molecula-
El rector Zermeño Guerra visitó el CERN, el laboratorio de física nuclear más grande del mundo en el que participan especialistas destacados de diversos países, entre ellos maestros y alumnos del Instituto de Física de la UASLP, como el Dr. Jurgen Engelfried Jatzkowski, profesor de tiempo completo. Se firmó un convenio de colaboración con fondos de CONACyT que ejerce la UASLP a través del Instituto de Física, para que continúe apoyando la labor de investigación que se desarrolla desde 2005.
El Rector de la UASLP, Doctor Alejandro Zermeño Guerra, estableció que con este tipo de acciones el Instituto de Física tendrá un mejor funcionamiento, lo que aumentará su gran prestigio nacional e internacional. Por su parte, nuestro Director, Doctor Ricardo Alberto Guirado López, celebró el éxito del avance de la mudanza de Zona Universitaria Poniente al Campus Pedregal, lo que implica la consolidación del mejoramiento integral del trabajo académico del Instituto.
En este acto nos acompañaron el secretario académico de esta Universidad, Mtro. Jorge Alberto Pérez González; el Secretario de Investigación y Posgrado Dr. Amaury de Jesús Pozos Guillén; la Jefa de la Secretaría de Difusión Cultural, Lic. Cynthia Valle Meade; el Director de la Facultad de Ciencias, Dr. José Salomé Murguía; y el Director General del INPOJUVE, Lic. Jesús Joaquín García Martínez y el Secretario General de nuestro Instituto el Doctor José Elías Pérez López.
Escuela de Verano “Geometría Prohibida”
Del 4 al 8 de julio se llevó a cabo la Escuela de Verano: Geometría prohibida, dirigida a jóvenes matemáticos que se encuentran en la etapa final de sus estudios de licenciatura o maestría, a los cuales les interesa conocer las áreas de especialización que se brindan en el Instituto de Física de la Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí.
Los puntos de reunión fueron el Auditorio Daniel Berrones Meza, ubicado dentro de la División de Difusión Cultural de la UASLP, y el recientemente inaugurado Laboratorio de Matemáticas del Instituto de Física de la UASLP campus Pedregal.
Geometría prohibida “La geometría escondida en las distintas disciplinas de las matemáticas”, es la tercera edición de las Escuelas de Verano organizadas por el grupo de investigación matemática Dinámica Potosina.
A este evento académico, asistieron 35 jóvenes estudiantes de licenciaturas y maestrías afines a las matemáticas, provenientes de 10 universidades del país, además de un estudiante extranjero. Se tuvo una participación equitativa entre hombres y mujeres, a los cuales, con la finalidad de facilitar su asistencia, se les otorgó una beca total o parcial, la cual incluyó: hospedaje, alimentación y transporte.
Fueron impartidas un total de 17 conferencias y talleres, cuyo contenido residió en áreas cercanas a la geometría. Los investigadores compartieron sus temas de especialización y los doctorantes sus trabajos de tesis. Además, se tuvieron sesiones para la resolución de ejercicios y para realizar una reflexión personal sobre su carrera científica. El objetivo de las actividades fue brindar herramientas que permitan a los jóvenes escoger un área de especialización, además de fortalecer su pensamiento crítico y perspectiva de género.
Charlas invitadas
Sara Hernández Torres (Israel Institute of Technology)
Teoremas de la forma en probabilidad (Parte I y Parte II).
Alfredo Hubbard (Université Paris-Est)
Equiparticiones y volumen de Mahler (Parte I y Parte II).
Nicholas Kaufmann (Facultad de Psicología, UASLP)
Taller. Auto reflexión en busca del bien común y personal.
Jesús Núñez Zimbrón
(Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México)
Curvatura más allá de las variedades.
Curvatura, análisis funcional y transporte óptimo.
María del Carmen Rodríguez Vallarte (Facultad de Ciencias, UASLP)
Platiquemos un poco sobre álgebras de Lie y geometría (Parte I y Parte II).
Instituto de Física, UASLP
Andrea Alba (PCA doctorante) Secuencias permisibles.
Luguis de los Santos Baños (PCA egresado)
Autómatas celulares (caos y orden).
Andrea Arlette España (PCI doctorante)
¿Qué pasa antes de sincronizar?
Santino Ramírez (PCI doctorante)
Sobre caras, sombras y nudos.
Felipe García-Ramos (Instituto de Física, UASLP)
El punto de la Geometría.
Gerardo González Robert (Instituto de Física, UASLP)
El Conjunto de Cantor.
Taller: Aproximando irracionales por racionales.
Edgardo Ugalde Saldaña (Instituto de Física, UASLP)
Transformaciones markovianas del intervalo.
Texto:
Andrea Arlette España
Fotografías:
Karen Anell Reynoso y Karen Lizeth Martín del Campo
Jornada LGBTTQ+
El 24 de junio, en el Instituto de Física, se realizó la primera Jornada LGBTTQ+ en donde la comunidad LGBT del Instituto de Física, se abrió de forma académica mostrando las investigaciones que realizan los miembros de la comunidad, donde se expresó y platico de forma académica las investigaciones que realizan mostrando siempre el lado personal de la investigación que estáligando a la persona que realizan la investigación.
Algunos de los investigadores que presentaron sus proyectos mencionaron como parte importante de su vida a su familia además de la investigación que realizan.
Otros de los investigadores comentaron como fue para ellos el realizarse un cambio de sexo, para estar conforme con su identidad y que esto de ninguna manera afecta la calidad científica de la investigación y como fueron apoyados en este cambio de sexo en otro país.
Asistieron al evento estudiantes e investigadores de México y público en general de otros países, algunos investigadores en Perú y Reino Unido están interesados en participar en la Segunda jornada que se realizaran el próximo año, además el evento está en el Canal de Youtube del Instituto de Física y continúan viéndolo.
Este evento aporto para algunos investigadores de otras universidades, el querer organizar eventos parecidos para visibilizar a la comunidad LGBTTQ+, donde el Instituto de Física participar próximamente.
Esperamos que el evento sirva para los estudiantes de la UASLP y público en general para generar lazos de investigación y tener estudiantes que convivan con la comunidad LGBTQ+, en beneficio de toda la comunidad.
Texto: Cristina Cazares
Plan de Desarrollo del Instituto de Física
El viernes 15 de julio del 2022 se tuvo una jornada de trabajo para discutir aspectos del Plan de Desarrollo para el Instituto de Física 2023-2030.
La jornada contó con la participación de profesores investigadores del Instituto y del personal de la administración.
La discusión se realizó mediante comisiones, cada una encargada de un eje de desarrollo, para terminar con una reunión general donde se discutieron las conclusiones de cada comisión. Se analizó el contexto en el que se encuentra el Instituto y se realizó una autoevaluación del mismo.
Basado en esta información se realizó una primera discusión de estrategias a implementar en los años siguientes. Este importante ejercicio de reflexión llevará a mejorar la aportación del Instituto a la Universidad, a la sociedad y al conocimiento en general.
Texto: Eduardo Gómez
Fotografía: Sussan Ponce
Se llevó a cabo el foro para potenciar el sector de ciencia, tecnología e innovación en la Zona Media y Altiplano Potosino. El evento se realizó en el Centro de Investigación y Extensión Zona Media, El Balandrán, que permitió identificar oportunidades de desarrollo de la región a través de la colaboración interinstitucional. Se contó con la participación de los Instituto de Física, Geología, Comunicación Óptica, Metalurgia, Colegio Universitario de Ciencias y Artes e Investigadoras e Investigadores de diferentes entidades académicas de la UASLP.
Por parte de nuestro Instituto asistieron:
Dr. José Guadalupe Sampedro Pérez
Dra. Vanesa Olivares Illiana
Dr. Jesús Hernández Monge
Dr. José Elías Pérez López
Dr. Jaime Ruiz García
Dr. Eduardo Gómez García
Dr. José Alfredo Méndez Cabañas
Dr. Ricardo Alberto Guirado López
M.A.N. Sussan Paola Ponce García
Programa de Estímulos al Desempeño del Personal Docente de la UASLP
Se llevó a cabo la convocatoria del PREDO publicada el 13 de junio, posteriormente la comisión auxiliar conformada por Dr. Juan Martín Montejano Carrizales, Dr. Juan Faustino Aguilera Granja, Dra. Mónica Raquel Calera Medina, Dr. Enrique González Tovar, Dr. Jorge Arreola Gómez, Dr. Manuel Mirabal García, llevó a cabo la revisión de los expedientes del 27 de junio al 14 de julio y entregó la información el 15 de julio.
El próximo 29 de agosto se le entregarán resultados al Dr. Guirado, nuestro director.
La participación de la comunidad fue del 100% de Técnicos Académicos y 78% de Profesores Tiempo Completo.
Se sometió a concurso una plaza para Técnico Académico dentro del Instituto de Física en el mes de julio del 2022. El técnico cuenta con conocimientos de óptica que complementa la lista de capacidades disponibles en nuestra institución.
Damos la bienvenida al Dr. Raúl Josué Hernández Hernández como nuevo miembro de nuestra comunidad.
Participaron un total de 31 candidatos.
Avances en la mudanza
Cerramos este semestre con un 9% de espacios para clases, un 29% de espacios habilitados por completo y un 3.6% de espacios a más del 50% de avance en habilitar en Campus Pedregal.
Por otro lado en Zona Universitaria hemos desocupado un 32% de los espacios y tenemos avances de más del 50% en el 15% de ellos. Seguiremos trabajando en los viernes de mudanza regresando de vacaciones.
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FOCUS FIRST Emergency Preparedness Forum
Feb 28 - Mar 2, 2023 | Sault Ste Marie
REPORT
In partnership with
Indigenous Services Canada
Services aux Autochtones Canada
Ontario
PREPARE FOR FUTURE EMERGENCIES
Contents
Executive Summary 4
About the Forum 6
Forum Agenda 10
Public Relations 20
Survey Results 24
Recommendations 31
The First Nations Emergency Response Association (FNERA) held the Focus First Emergency Preparedness Forum in Sault Ste Marie, Ontario February 28 through March 2, 2023, with over 170 registered attendees. Tribal Councils, Political Treaty Organizations, and one Large First Nation community brought together emergency professionals from across Ontario to learn from each other and collaborate in preparation for the 2023 flood and fire season.
Funding for the event was provided by Indigenous Services Canada (ISC), Indigenous Affairs Ontario (IAO), and Emergency Management Ontario. FNERA also supplemented the funding with some delegate registration and tradeshow sales.
Overall, the event was considered a strong success with positive feedback from attendees and exhibitors alike. While attendees would like more time for some of the sessions, they were very satisfied with the information provided and the experiences they had at this forum. Exhibitors were also pleased with a few considering the potential of becoming more involved at the next forum. There is a continued need in the First Nation emergency management field for this forum.
The agenda was packed with opportunities to learn, share, and network. Emcee Brent Edwards led the attendees through great information sessions, a mock emergency exercise, and a tradeshow. The Tradeshow allowed registrants to engage with partners, suppliers, and educators to build relationships to enhance support for their emergency management programs. On the other hand, the tabletop exercise provided attendees with a scenario-based learning opportunity to gain highly applicable skills.
“One of the best forums I have attended. The focus and contributors was value added. Appreciated the information sharing on how as a collaboration can become stronger allyship with First Nations driving it all.”
ABOUT THE FORUM
The Focus First Emergency Preparedness Forum was born from the vision of the First Nations Emergency Response Association (FNERA) to develop Indigenous-led emergency management in Ontario. FNERA, alongside First Nation emergency professionals, communities, government, and industry members came together to learn from each other and collaborate in preparation for the upcoming flood and fire season.
FNERA began as a northern Ontario association and has since grown to cover all of Ontario while continuing to be led by First Nations.
This year’s event was hosted in Sault Ste Marie from February 28 to March 2 of 2023 to bring together communities, government, and organizations to share, learn and grow their skills in preparation for future emergencies. Participants emerged stronger through this forum, readying for the upcoming fire and flood seasons.
ABOUT FNERA
The mission of the First Nation Emergency Response Association (FNERA) is to support First Nations in developing Indigenous-led emergency management in Ontario.
FNERA was developed to work alongside First Nations, bringing them together to have a voice in emergency management. By sharing best practices and training, we can equip First Nation communities for future emergencies including fire, flood, infrastructure, health and more. A consortium of Tribal Councils, Political Treaty Organizations, and one Large First Nation community lead FNERA including:
» Association of Iroquois and Allied Indians
» Anishinabek Nation
» Grand Council Treaty #3
» Independent First Nations Alliance (IFNA)
» Nishnawbe Aski Nation
» Nokiiwin Tribal Council
» Six Nations of the Grand River
Together, we can emerge stronger from our collective experiences to be the best help for our communities and avoid further loss of our property, our potential and, most importantly, our people.
CONFERENCE COORDINATORS
Following the previous year, FNERA recruited the aid of TAG Creative Strategy to provide marketing and event coordination for the forum to run smoothly. With their long history working with First Nations organizations, they brought with them the experience necessary to help plan and run the logistics of the event.
With the event coordination in TAG’s hands, the FNERA members could focus on the important day-to-day work they provide to their organizations and communities.
With 178 registered attendees, the Focus First Forum had a diverse range of perspectives and knowledge. Most of the attendees were First Nation Community Emergency Management Representatives and Coordinators. Approximately one-quarter of the attendees were made up of government and business entities.
A total of ten exhibitors hosted booths for attendees to visit to learn, share and network. The exhibitors ranged from First Nation organizations to industry suppliers and services, and government branches.
“This is one of the most substantial forums I have attended to date”
FORUM AGENDA
The Focus First Forum agenda was spread across three eventful days of plenary, concurrent, and Tabletop sessions. The first day began with Bear Creek Drum and a prayer before the opening remarks. Speakers were divided into three plenary sessions as well as three concurrent streams of two sessions each, giving a total of eight emergency planning topics. Emcee Brent Edwards, aka Mooselegs, helped maintain positive energy throughout the forum while ensuring each presentation ran smoothly.
For the second day of the forum, attendees were assigned to either the morning or afternoon tabletop exercises (TTX). The TTX provided attendees with an opportunity to collaborate with individuals from different skill levels and backgrounds while working through a mock emergency scenario. During the other half of the day, they could then explore the Tradeshow to learn about the resources available to them and foster relationships. This structure offered engagement for attendees and hands-on learning while maintaining traffic in the tradeshow.
The final day of the event followed a similar format to the first day, with plenary sessions and three streams of one session each, for a total of seven sessions. The event closed with prize giveaways and closing ceremonies.
TABLETOP EXERCISES IN FOCUS
The previous year’s forum received feedback indicating the desire for hands-on opportunities to learn and network. In response, the Tabletop Exercises (TTX) were implemented this year. Participants were provided with a mock flood emergency scenario and asked to collaborate with fellow participants to create a solution and after-action report. Through challenges and collaborations, the groups could imagine the real situation to help them prepare when the time comes for action. Through the survey responses, it can be determined that the delegates enjoyed the experience and a TTX or similar activity would be beneficial for future events.
Tuesday, February 28
Registration & Breakfast
7:00 AM – 8:45 AM
Opening Ceremonies
9:00 AM – 10:00 AM, THE GRAND HALL
Join us for the Opening Ceremonies and Opening Remarks hosted by emcee Brent Edwards (aka Mooselegs) to kick off the event. Bear Creek Drum will begin the event with a drum song, followed by an opening prayer. Welcoming remarks will follow from representatives of the Traditional Territory and your event host, FNERA. Finally, we will hear from our event funders and partners before moving into the first session.
Health Break
10:00 AM – 10:15 AM
2022 Season Community Emergency Panel
ROBERT CORNELIUS, ONEIDA OF THE THAMES; CHIEF CONRAD RITCHIE & GERRY GLOVER, SAUGEEN; COUNCIL MEMBER & WAYNE NEEGAN, CONSTANCE LAKE; BUSTER KURAHARA, PIKANGIKUM
10:15 AM – 11:45 AM, THE GRAND HALL
The experiences of last year’s emergencies will be brought to light on the 2022 Community Emergency Panel. Hear directly from Constance Lake First Nation, Oneida of the Thames, Pikangikum First Nation, and Saugeen First Nation community members as they share their experiences. These communities responded to a range of emergencies and have an abundance of knowledge to share on topics including critical infrastructure failure, blastomycosis outbreak, COVID-19 pandemic response, and mental health and addictions. The panel will discuss what worked, challenges and gaps within emergency responses and potential solutions going forward.
Lunch
11:45 AM – 12:45 PM
| Stream 1 | 12:45 PM – 1:45 PM | Stream 3 |
|----------|---------------------|---------|
| **Introduction to JEMS**
CHRIS PITTENS, EMO
**THE GRAND HALL**
Chris will provide an overview of the JEMS Evacuation Standards, and what it means to organizations involved in supporting the evacuation of First Nations communities in Ontario. | **Community Emergency Management Planning**
JAMIE SCRIMGER, NOKIIWIN
**COURTYARD ROOM**
As the occurrence of emergencies in Indigenous Communities continue to rise emergency planning becomes vital to increase the resilience of communities. This presentation will give attendees a brief overview of how to develop an emergency response plan for their First Nation community. Covering topics such as legislation, the purpose of Emergency Response plans, community Hazard and Risk Assessment (HIRA), Critical infrastructure, and tools to provide for vulnerable community members. | **Indigenous Initiative Crews Program**
DAVE MAY, MNRF
**ANNEX ROOM**
Presentation outline:
- Background
- Current status
- Roles: types of projects and supports they can offer communities
- Benefits created as a result of Initiative Crews
- Discussion and questions |
“Very well organized!! Lots of networking!”
| Stream 1 | Stream 2 | Stream 3 |
|----------|----------|----------|
| **Stronger Together: Shifting from Coexistence to Collaboration**
MICHELLE GERVAIS, TARA SLOSS
THE GRAND HALL
Interoperability traditionally focuses on communications or multi-agency collaboration, often overlooking the application and value it holds in social dynamics. In this presentation Sgt. Matthew Gull and Michelle Gervais share how strengthening cultural interoperability has shifted emergency evacuation hosting operations and community relationships. The team will share the Stronger Together model used, challenges faced and provide resources for other emergency service providers. | **Evacuation Planning Concept of Operations**
KATRINA GRANTIS, EMO
COURTYARD ROOM
This session will focus on Far North Fist Nation Evacuation Concept of Operations and will include an overview of the role of the Provincial Emergency Operations Centre, a discussion on Host Community considerations and identifying how Emergency Management Ontario can assist with Host Site planning. | **All Hazards Response: The IFNA Journey**
NICK RHONE AND SAM MANITOWABI, IFNA
ANNEX ROOM
Led by Nick Rhone, Director of Integrated Emergency Services for the Independent First Nations Alliance (IFNA), Hazard Response Teams: The IFNA Journey will discuss key lessons learned between 2019-2022 regarding effective cross-training and preparedness for all hazards response in Northern Ontario. At the forefront of this discussion, will be personal experiences from Lac Seul First Nation member, Sam Manitowabi. Sam is the youngest member of IFNA to be cross-trained as a First Nation firefighter, medical responder, first aid instructor, advanced drone operator and currently, training in the Incident Management System (IMS). This session will highlight the multiple roles involved in supporting communities in hazard response. |
**Health Break**
2:45 PM – 3:00 PM
A Safe, Practiced and Prepared Ontario - One Window for Emergency Management
DEPUTY MINISTER BERNIE DERIBLE, EMO
3:00 PM – 4:00 PM, THE GRAND HALL
Emergency Management Ontario’s expansion over the past year has been aimed to better support all Ontarians in being safe, practiced and prepared for emergencies. The Commissioner for Emergency Management Ontario, Bernie Derible, will lead a conversation discussing how to better support First Nations communities guided by the One Window vision for Emergency Management, with an opportunity for Forum attendees to share solutions to Emergency Management challenges they have experienced.
Emergency Support Specialists Model
NORMAND ROY, ISC
4:00 PM – 5:00 PM, THE GRAND HALL
The Manager of Emergency Management for Indigenous Services Canada, Normand Roy, will be leading a workshop on Emergency Support Specialist Model. Explore protection, incident management, resource management, aerial imagery, and evacuation support from the perspective of Indigenous Services Canada which works collaboratively with partners to improve access to high-quality services for First Nations, Inuit and Métis.
Wednesday, March 1
Breakfast
7:00 AM – 8:30 AM
Tradeshow
9:00 AM – 4:00 PM
A full-day tradeshow will be available for attendees to learn, share and network with organizations that have experience and expertise to share. These exhibitors provide a range of support from preparing and planning to support and supply during fires, floods, evacuations, pandemic issues, and other crises. Make sure you visit each booth and take the time to connect with other attendees before and after your respective Tabletop Exercise.
Tabletop Exercise: Unify All Nations - Group A
LED BY EMO
9:00 AM – 10:15 AM
Unify All Nations is a 1.25-hour simulation exercise that aims to bring participants together to identify key actions and considerations necessary for a successful and safe evacuation of a First Nations community in Northern Ontario due to severe flooding. The exercise presents several challenges and obstacles related to the evacuation scenario, and participants will discuss and provide possible solutions for each challenge. The group will work together to identify a final set of actions and considerations to be included in a post-exercise report. The after-action report will include the final set of actions and considerations identified by the group, along with a summary of the challenges and obstacles faced during the evacuation scenario, any lessons learned, and recommendations for future evacuation scenarios.
| GROUP 1 | GROUP 2 | GROUP 3 |
|---------|---------|---------|
| PATIO ROOM | COURTYARD ROOM | LIBRARY ROOM |
Health Break
10:15 AM – 10:30 AM
Tabletop Exercise: Homecoming - Group A
LED BY EMO
10:30 AM – 12:00 PM
Homecoming aims to identify key actions and considerations necessary for a community to ensure a safe and successful return home after an extended evacuation period, following a wildfire disaster. The 1.5-hour exercise includes an overview of the scenario, a discussion of challenges and obstacles, identifying actions and considerations, and a hot-wash. The challenges and obstacles include temporary housing, restoration of basic services, cleanup and disposal of debris, emotional and psychological support, and health and safety considerations. The after-action report includes the final set of actions and considerations, a summary of challenges and obstacles, lessons learned, and recommendations for future scenarios.
| GROUP 1 | GROUP 2 | GROUP 3 |
|---------|---------|---------|
| PATIO ROOM | COURTYARD ROOM | LIBRARY ROOM |
“Learned about some initiatives at a community & regional level that will inform provincial work”
Lunch
12:00 PM – 1:00 PM
Tabletop Exercise: Unify All Nations - Group B
LED BY EMO
1:00 PM – 2:15 PM
Unify All Nations is a 1.25-hour simulation exercise that aims to bring participants together to identify key actions and considerations necessary for a successful and safe evacuation of a First Nations community in Northern Ontario due to severe flooding. The exercise presents several challenges and obstacles related to the evacuation scenario, and participants will discuss and provide possible solutions for each challenge. The group will work together to identify a final set of actions and considerations to be included in a post-exercise report. The after-action report will include the final set of actions and considerations identified by the group, along with a summary of the challenges and obstacles faced during the evacuation scenario, any lessons learned, and recommendations for future evacuation scenarios.
| GROUP 1 | GROUP 2 | GROUP 3 |
|---------|---------|---------|
| PATIO ROOM | COURTYARD ROOM | LIBRARY ROOM |
Health Break
2:15 PM – 2:30 PM
Tabletop Exercise: Homecoming - Group B
LED BY EMO
2:30 PM – 4:00 PM
The Exercise Homecoming aims to identify key actions and considerations necessary for a community to ensure a safe and successful return home after an extended evacuation period, following a wildfire disaster. The 1.5-hour exercise includes an overview of the scenario, a discussion of challenges and obstacles, identifying actions and considerations, and a hot-wash. The challenges and obstacles include temporary housing, restoration of basic services, cleanup and disposal of debris, emotional and psychological support, and health and safety considerations. The after-action report includes the final set of actions and considerations, a summary of challenges and obstacles, lessons learned, and recommendations for future scenarios.
| GROUP 1 | GROUP 2 | GROUP 3 |
|---------|---------|---------|
| PATIO ROOM | COURTYARD ROOM | LIBRARY ROOM |
Thursday, March 2
Breakfast
7:00 AM – 8:30 AM
MNRF Response Update/Forecast for 2023
BRYAN TARINI, MNRF
9:00 AM – 10:00 AM, THE GRAND HALL
The aviation forest fire and emergency services branch of the Ministry of Natural resources uses tools for predictive modeling for the upcoming fire and flood season. This presentation will outline possible expectations of the coming fire and flood season as well as a brief overview of the aviation forest fire and emergency services branch.
Health Break
10:00 AM – 10:15 AM
| 10:15 AM – 11:15 AM | Stream 1 | Stream 2 | Stream 3 |
|---------------------|----------|----------|----------|
| **Education & Training for Emergency Management**
TARIQ BUTT, EMO
THE GRAND HALL
This session will: (1) provide an overview of the audience for EMO training, as well as the objectives of the courses offered by the province, (2) focus on the current training model for EM & IMS training, including the development of instructors and curriculum, and (3) introduce the audience to the public education strategy and programs led by EMO Training and Education. Lastly, the audience will be introduced to some of the new training and education initiatives underway at EMO. |
| **Emergency Management Assistant & Health Emergency Management Programs**
ROSEMARIE KEOGH-SMYTH & MARCO GIANCARLO, ISC; DAMAN DHILLON, MPH
COURTYARD ROOM
ISC will be presenting an overview of the Emergency Management Assistant Program and Health Emergency Management Programs. Topics will include but not limited to: program eligibility, eligible expenses, application process, reimbursement process, project success stories, and upcoming initiatives. |
| **Food Sovereignty**
DAVID PEARSON, LAURENTIAN UNIVERSITY
ANNEX ROOM
The cost of flying in fresh fruit and vegetables to communities makes good nutrition a challenge that amounts to a health emergency, especially in the far north. Food sovereignty is an option in which communities decide to grow healthy vegetables of their choice from seed. This session will encourage discussion and describe initiatives, including using seeds of Indigenous heritage and cultural ownership. |
Social Emergency Management Panel
GINNY HEILMAN, FORT FRANCES; DARRIN SPENCE, IFNA;
JOSHUA TAYLOR, KEWAYTINOOK OKIMAKINAK
11:15 AM – 12:15 PM, THE GRAND HALL
The Social Emergency Management Coordinators will be leading a discussion focused on Social Emergency Management. The panel will focus on the exploration of critical system supports, training, barriers, and challenges to help improve community member experiences, addressing social emergencies, and accessing the necessary reports. The panel will also discuss what is working well in preventing and addressing social emergencies and share best practices other communities can learn from.
Lunch
12:15 PM – 1:15 PM
Hazard Identification & Risk Assessments: Present and Future
WILBERT WESLEY, MUSHKEGOWUK COUNCIL; DAVID PEARSON,
LAURENTIAN UNIVERSITY; MARK BREEN, EMO
1:15 PM – 2:15 PM, THE GRAND HALL
Speakers of various backgrounds will address issues surrounding hazard identification and risk assessments on the Hazard Identification & Risk Assessments (HIRA): Present and Future panel. Experts will touch upon important topics including the increasing intensity, frequency and cost of flooding, heat stress, concerns with the wildfire season in Northern Ontario and the HIRA program. This panel will feature a graphic discussion and a workshop co-created with Indigenous partners designed to stimulate and focus interaction among community members. In addition, there will also be a discussion on current products that support local and provincial emergency management programs and new activities planned for 2023-24.
First Nation Fire Departments Panel
ASHLEY RUSSELL-TAYLOR, SIX NATIONS FIRE DEPT; TIM STONE, MOOSE CREE FIRST NATION
2:15 PM – 3:15 PM, THE GRAND HALL
Learn more about the realities of fire departments in First Nation communities with the First Nation Fire Department Panel. Ashley Russell-Taylor of Six Nations Fire Department and Tim Stone of Moose Cree Fire Department will discuss processes, prevention, and protection for establishing and operating fire departments in First Nations.
Health Break
3:15 PM – 3:30 PM
Closing Ceremonies
3:30 PM – 4:00 PM, THE GRAND HALL
After three days of learning, sharing, and preparing, we will be closing off our event with closing marks from FNERA and PRIZE DRAWS followed by a closing prayer and a drum song. We hope you gained the training, research and support you need to help prepare your community for future emergencies and crises!
“Great job, look forward to learning & networking with all EM personnel in the future to create & build a safer Ontario”
The Focus First Forum received media attention, spreading awareness of the event and its contents emphasizing the importance of the forum and the knowledge to be gained by attending. A few clips from published media are included below.
First Nation Emergency Professionals on the Frontline of Emergency Preparedness
SaultOnline.com
First Nation Emergency Professionals on the Frontline of Emergency Preparedness
By Content Team - March 1, 2023 @ 5:39 am
Emergency professionals and organizations serving on the frontline of emergency response in First Nation communities are meeting together this week for the inaugural Focus First: Emergency Preparedness Forum. This Forum is hosted by First Nation Emergency Management Association (FNERA), a working group committed to First Nation-led emergency management.
Focusing on First Nations and their emergency management needs ahead of the upcoming flood and wildfire season, this event brings together emergency professionals to learn, share and prepare for future emergencies.
Focus First Emergency Preparedness Forum - Avert Magazine
February 28 - March 02, 2023
Sault Ste. Marie, Ont.
Within the past few years, First Nation communities across Ontario have had to continuously adapt to handle unprecedented crises. While we continue to face barriers in emergency responses, we have also demonstrated our resilience in managing these challenging situations in innovative ways. Emergency Management Coordinators, Social Emergency Management Coordinators, and other First Nation emergency professionals are invited to learn, share, and prepare together for future emergencies.
Join the First Nation Emergency Response Association (FNERA) in partnership with the Government of Ontario and Indigenous Services Canada (ISC), this winter to discuss First Nations Emergency Preparedness. FNERA is a First Nations organization striving to support First Nations in developing Indigenous-led emergency management in Ontario.
The event will take a collaborative approach and provide the opportunity for First Nations, municipal, provincial, and federal representatives to come together.
Visit event's website
https://theadventuregroup.regfox.com/emergency-preparedness-forum
First Nation Emergency Professionals on the Frontline of Emergency Preparedness - SaultOnline.com
March 1, 2023
Emergency professionals and organizations serving on the frontline of emergency management in First Nation communities are meeting together this week for the Inaugural Focus First Emergency Preparedness Forum. This Forum is hosted by First Nation Emergency Management Association (FNERA), a working group committed to First Nation-led emergency management.
Focusing on First Nations and their emergency management needs ahead of the upcoming flood and wildfire season, this event brings together emergency professionals to learn, share and prepare for future emergencies through various workshops and networking opportunities. Last year in Ontario, 24 emergencies were officially declared by First Nation communities with many more unreported or circumstances ranging from flooding to health-related issues and infrastructure failures.
Read More: https://saultonline.com/2023/03/first-nation-emergency-professionals-on-the-frontline-of-emergency-preparedness/
SURVEY RESULTS
CONFERENCE EVALUATION
Most of the attendees came to the event for networking and personal growth where they returned very satisfied. Speakers, exhibitors, and the Tabletop Exercises were given positive feedback with little to no negative responses.
Some provided input, feeling that there was not enough time for some of the sessions. Others requested more opportunities to network.
All survey respondents indicated they would attend the forum again next year.
How did you hear about the Forum?
The most effective method for gaining attendees appears to be through colleagues and their work. Reaching out to relevant organizations by email may be the best way to spread the word about upcoming forums to gain attentive participants.
Answers to Other
» Part of EMO and planning
» Band Rep
» Conference in Toronto in January
» ISC Rep
» Tribal Council IFNA
» IFN Emergency Response Planning session
» Rose Marie from ISC
» My manager and Souya Cloutier
» Work (x3)
» Conference EM training
» Organizer
» Funder (x2)
» I helped plan it
What was your main reason for attending the Forum?
The results demonstrate that networking opportunities were a key draw to the forum. For future forums, connection and growth are important components to embed in the agenda.
Answers to Other
» ISC recommendation
» Tradeshow
» ERC
» To develop one for my First Nation
» EM role
The Forum fulfilled your reason for attending.
Attendees felt they gained personal growth and created connections through this forum. Most of the participants felt they could take what they learned back to their community or organizations.
Effectiveness of the overall content and subject matter of the individual sessions.
The overall effectiveness of the sessions was apparent through the positive response received from attendees. The Community Emergency Panel, Stronger Together, Community Emergency Management, and Tabletop Exercise presentations received the strongest feedback from survey respondents.
Please rate the overall features of the Forum.
**Content/Agenda**
- Superb: 42%
- Very Good: 38%
- Good: 17%
- Fair: 2%
- Poor: 2%
- N/A: 0%
**Variety of Presentations**
- Superb: 46%
- Very Good: 40%
- Good: 11%
- Fair: 2%
- Poor: 2%
- N/A: 0%
All the features except for the Tradeshow had at least a collective 80% of responses rating of very good or superb. For the Tradeshow, only 68% of respondents gave high ratings, indicating that there is more to be done for this aspect of the event.
EXHIBITOR EVALUATION
Overall Assessment of the Tradeshow
All exhibitors of the survey provided satisfactory feedback. Although suggestions were made to provide more notice.
How did you hear about the Tradeshow
Half of the exhibitors heard about the Tradeshow from either the Tribal Councils or through emails. These results indicate that direct connections with individuals was the most successful in gaining tradeshow registrations. Leaning into these success while improving in the other areas can help increase tradeshow registrations in the future.
Did the Tabletop exercises compliment or take away from the Tradeshow?
All exhibitors responded that the Tabletop exercises complimented the Tradeshow.
Estimate the number of potential buyers identified through this show
Most of the participants estimated that there were 1 to 10 potential buyers identified through this show closely followed by 11 to 20 potential buyers.
Feedback on the attributes
The exhibitors rated the tradeshow attributes positively with satisfaction across the board. Similar Tradeshows in future events may maintain the quality that is sought after.
How successful do you feel the Tradeshow was?
With only one average rating and no negative ratings, the Tradeshow can be considered a success based on the feedback from exhibitors.
Further to this feedback, all respondents said they would attend the Tradeshow again in the future.
Do you think your company or organization would potentially sponsor next year?
Three exhibitors show interest in potentially sponsoring next year. Some exhibitors suggested that they would refer other companies to the forum.
RECOMMENDATIONS
1. It is obvious that there is a tremendous need for First Nation-relevant events and meetings in emergency management that are by First Nations for First Nations. The survey results and success of the event despite some initial challenges, clearly indicate this. Above all, it is strongly recommended that FNERA continue this event on an annual basis being a First Nation-led entity representing all First Nations in Ontario with the unique ability to expand on a national level.
2. Because more than half of the attendees heard about the forum from colleagues and friends, it may be beneficial to promote the forum where word of mouth spreads most, such as the community Band Offices.
3. Encourage timely funding in order to roll out marketing campaigns to announce the coming event thereby gaining a larger number of attendees.
4. An incentive program like a stamp card could be created to encourage attendees to meet and connect with vendors as well as attend the entire event for a chance to win great prizes.
5. It is also recommended to continue hosting the event after the emergency seasons so that the experiences are remembered to the best of the ability of the participating members. Fall has been suggested at the past two forums.
6. Beginning the planning process earlier is key to maintaining secure funding, as the possibility of delays could hinder the forum’s overall success.
7. Continuing the tabletop exercises is also suggested due to the positive feedback and participation, allowing attendees to gain practical application by all skill levels.
8. Through the surveys, many people suggested some ideas for future sessions:
» Emergency Management Bylaw Creation and Enforcement
» Emergency Planning 101 (for new people; where to start and how to secure funding)
» Dedicated Networking Session
» Structural ISC, or other ISC departments
» Creating an emergency management plan
» Include personal experiences and emergency situations from southern communities
Other recommendations from the surveys include:
» Providing exhibitors more notice
» Add a fire department, even from municipalities
» More detailed agenda
FOCUS FIRST EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS FORUM
FOCUS FIRST
Emergency Preparedness Forum
FINERA
FIRST NATIONS EMERGENCY RESPONSE ASSOCIATION
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ÚZEMNÍ STUDIE - Přestavbová zóna Špitálka a okolí
LEGENDA
- různový objekty
- veřejná prostranství
- městská zeleň
- tramvaj
- řešené území
1 Chytrá čtvrť
2 Nová Mosilana
3 bývalý Dřevopodnik
4 Nová Vítězná
5 Úrazová nemocnice
6 nová čtvrť Šmeral
7 obytná čtvrť Radlas
8 základní škola
9 sportovní aktivity
10 Teplárna Špitálka
ÚZEMNÍ STUDIE - Přestavbová zóna Špitálka a okolí
Stadionní název Brno
Odbor územního plánování a rozvoje, Magistrát města Brna
Zhotovitel: Ing.arch. Zbyněk Pech
atelier ERA, sdružení architektů Fixel a Pech
Autoři: Ing.arch. Zbyněk Pech, Ing.arch. Jiří Fixel
Ing. Vlastislav Novák, Ph.D.
Spolupráce:
NÁVRH ZASTAVĚNÍ - urbanistické řešení
Číslo odboru: 07
Datum: 03/2021
Číslo platné: 1 : 3 500
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Inhaltsverzeichnis
X ARCHIV Koordinaten
Eine Kontrolle der Koordinaten kann und sollte auch in durchgeführt werden. Google Earth Zur gibt es die freie Software . Linkberechnung Radio Mobile
Exakte Koordinaten der Stationen in OE
OE2
| Station | Koordinaten | Höhe |
|---|---|---|
| OE2XGR Gernkogel | 47°18'27,1" N 13°14'16,6" O | 1753m |
| OE2XHM Hochkönig | 47°25'14" N 13°03'44,5" O | 2941m |
| OE2XKR Wildkogel | 47°16'57" N 12°17'15,5" O | 2113m |
| OE2XMR Speiereck | 47°07'43,7" N 13°37'28" O | 2370m |
| OE2XSR Sonnblick | 47°03'14,5" N 12°57'27,5" O | 3050m |
| OE2XWR Kitzsteinhorn | 47°11'21" N 12°41'06" O | 3029m |
| OE2XZR Gaisberg | 47°48'14" N 13°06'36" O | 1263m |
OE2
| Station | Koordinaten | Höhe |
|---|---|---|
| OE3XBR Troppberg | 48°13'25,6" N 16°06'36,5" O | 540m |
OE5
| Station | Koordinaten | Höhe |
|---|---|---|
| OE5XBR Linz Froschberg | 48°17'18,0" N 14°16'42,0" O | 350m |
| OE5XBL Kobernaußerwald | 48°06'5,3" N 13°18'40,4" O | 700m |
| OE5XLL Linz Lichtenberg | 48°23'07,0" N 14°15'16,0" O | 930m |
| OE5XOL Linz Breitenstein | | 955m |
| OE5XSR Sternstein | | 1100m |
| OE5XUL Ried Geiersberg | 48°12'00,8" N 13°34'52,2" O | 575m |
OE6
| Station | Koordinaten | Höhe |
|---|---|---|
| OE6XAD Dobl | 46°56'59.58"N 15°22'47.83" E | 348msl |
| OE6XFE Wolfgangi | 46°47'39.94"N 15°11'41.95" E | 758msl |
| OE6XKG Lachtal | 47°15'42.18"N 14°22'35.91" E | 1872msl |
| OE6XKR Weinebene | 46°49'45.83"N 14°59'59.60" E | 1846msl |
| Station | Koordinaten |
|---|---|
| OE6XRR Plabutsch | 47° 5'19.60"N 15°23'9.27"E |
| OE6XVR Stradnerkogl | 46°50'43"N 15°55'58"E |
| OE6XWR Rennfeld | 47°24'19.89"N 15°21'31.41" E |
OE7
| Station | Koordinaten |
|---|---|
| OE7XGR Gefrorene Wand | 47°03'49" N 11°40'46" O |
| OE7XZR Zugspitze | 47°25'16,1" N 10°59'03,5" O |
OE8
Exakte Koordinaten der Stationen im Ausland mit Anbindung an HAMNET in OE
DL
| DB0AAT Hochberg | 47°50'28,2" N 12°39'17,2" O |
|---|---|
| DB0GAP Garmisch | 47°30'32,8" N 11°08'34,7" O |
| DB0HOB Hochries | 47°44'53" N 12°15'00" O |
| DB0ISW Blomberg | 47°44'06,3" N 11°29'51,7" O |
| DB0PAS Passau | 48°35'06" N 13°33'21" O |
| DB0PV München | 48°11'03" N 11°36'44,7" O |
| DB0WGS Wegscheid | 48°36'06" N 13°46'45,3" O |
X ARCHIV Koordinaten
Eine Kontrolle der Koordinaten kann und sollte auch in durchgeführt werden. Google Earth Zur gibt es die freie Software . Linkberechnung Radio Mobile
Exakte Koordinaten der Stationen in OE
OE2
| Station | Koordinaten | Höhe |
|---|---|---|
| OE2XGR Gernkogel | 47°18'27,1" N 13°14'16,6" O | 1753m |
| OE2XHM Hochkönig | 47°25'14" N 13°03'44,5" O | 2941m |
| OE2XKR Wildkogel | 47°16'57" N 12°17'15,5" O | 2113m |
| OE2XMR Speiereck | 47°07'43,7" N 13°37'28" O | 2370m |
| OE2XSR Sonnblick | 47°03'14,5" N 12°57'27,5" O | 3050m |
| OE2XWR Kitzsteinhorn | 47°11'21" N 12°41'06" O | 3029m |
| OE2XZR Gaisberg | 47°48'14" N 13°06'36" O | 1263m |
OE2
| Station | Koordinaten | Höhe |
|---|---|---|
| OE3XBR Troppberg | 48°13'25,6" N 16°06'36,5" O | 540m |
OE5
| Station | Koordinaten |
|---|---|
| OE5XBR Linz Froschberg | 48°17'18,0" N 14°16'42,0" O |
| OE5XBL Kobernaußerwald | 48°06'5,3" N 13°18'40,4" O |
| OE5XLL Linz Lichtenberg | 48°23'07,0" N 14°15'16,0" O |
| OE5XOL Linz Breitenstein | |
| OE5XSR Sternstein | |
| OE5XUL Ried Geiersberg | 48°12'00,8" N 13°34'52,2" O |
OE6
| Station | Koordinaten |
|---|---|
| OE6XAD Dobl | 46°56'59.58"N 15°22'47.83" E |
| OE6XFE Wolfgangi | 46°47'39.94"N 15°11'41.95" E |
| OE6XKG Lachtal | 47°15'42.18"N 14°22'35.91" E |
| OE6XKR Weinebene | 46°49'45.83"N 14°59'59.60" E |
| Station | Koordinaten | Höhe |
|---|---|---|
| OE6XRR Plabutsch | 47° 5'19.60"N 15°23'9.27"E | 748msl |
| OE6XVR Stradnerkogl | 46°50'43"N 15°55'58"E | 607msl |
| OE6XWR Rennfeld | 47°24'19.89"N 15°21'31.41" E | 1596msl |
OE7
| Station | Koordinaten |
|---|---|
| OE7XGR Gefrorene Wand | 47°03'49" N 11°40'46" O |
| OE7XZR Zugspitze | 47°25'16,1" N 10°59'03,5" O |
OE8
| Station | Koordinaten | Höhe |
|---|---|---|
| OE8XDR Dobratsch | 46°36'10.90"N 13°40'16.51" E | 2123msl |
| OE8XHR Hohenwarth | 46°57'14.62"N 14°41'6.35"E | 1807msl |
Exakte Koordinaten der Stationen im Ausland mit Anbindung an HAMNET in OE
DL
| Station | Koordinaten |
|---|---|
| DB0AAT Hochberg | 47°50'28,2" N 12°39'17,2" O |
| DB0GAP Garmisch | 47°30'32,8" N 11°08'34,7" O |
| DB0HOB Hochries | 47°44'53" N 12°15'00" O |
| DB0ISW Blomberg | 47°44'06,3" N 11°29'51,7" O |
| DB0PAS Passau | 48°35'06" N 13°33'21" O |
| DB0PV München | 48°11'03" N 11°36'44,7" O |
|
<urn:uuid:88b6d459-2599-4ccc-8df9-0e072db8633d>
|
HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/deu_Latn/train
|
finepdfs
|
deu_Latn
| 4,528
|
澳門特別行政區立法會
Região Administrativa Especial de Macau
Assembleia Legislativa
(TRADUÇÃO)
INTERPELAÇÃO ESCRITA
Melhorar as instalações complementares de tráfego dos diversos bairros comunitários e promover a economia nos postos fronteiriços como um novo
ponto de desenvolvimento
O desenvolvimento da economia comunitária tem sido, nos últimos anos, uma das principais Linhas de Acção Governativa, que recorreu não só à colaboração com
as concessionárias do jogo para revitalizar as seis zonas de Macau revestidas de características culturais, mas também à implementação de um Programa de Apoio
Financeiro Específico para aumentar os elementos turísticos dos diversos bairros comunitários. Ora, a avaliação do público sobre a eficácia dos esforços do Governo
não foi unânime. É certo que, com os recursos investidos pelo Governo e pelas concessionárias do jogo, o desenvolvimento económico de alguns bairros
comunitários melhorou efectivamente em resultado da chegada de visitantes, porém, para os bairros comunitários com recursos insuficientes, o ambiente comercial para
as PME não melhorou muito e manteve-se difícil para fazer negócios, devido ao enfraquecimento do poder de consumo. Por exemplo, devido à falta de instalações
complementares de tráfego que facilitem o acesso de visitantes a bairros como os do
Fai Chi Kei, Horta e Costa e Rotunda de Carlos da Maia (três candeeiros), os visitantes não estão interessados em lá ir para passear. A este respeito, a população espera que
o Governo aumente ainda mais o investimento de recursos para que, em particular, os bairros comunitários com recursos insuficientes possam beneficiar da melhoria das
1
澳門特別行政區立法會
Região Administrativa Especial de Macau
Assembleia Legislativa
(TRADUÇÃO)
suas infra-estruturas, em prol da captação de mais visitantes e do aumento do consumo, o que contribuirá para aumentar o espaço de sobrevivência para as PME e reforçar o desenvolvimento da economia comunitária.
Além disso, a economia nos postos fronteiriços é também um novo ponto de desenvolvimento que o Governo tem vindo a promover activamente. Para o efeito, no
decorrer da construção e desenvolvimento dos postos fronteiriços, o Governo não parou de aumentar os elementos comerciais, por exemplo, foi reservado espaço para
actividades comerciais no Posto Fronteiriço Qingmao. O Posto Fronteiriço das Portas do Cerco, que continua a ser o posto fronteiriço com o maior fluxo de pessoas que
entram e saem de Macau, é também a porta da zona Norte. Porém, os visitantes que entram ou saem de Macau são directamente transportados pelos
shuttle buses das
concessionárias do jogo, não tendo assim o tempo ou a oportunidade de permanecer na zona Norte para consumir, o que impede, então, a maximização das vantagens de
recursos inerentes a esse posto fronteiriço. O Governo afirmou, no passado, que ia proceder a um novo planeamento em prol do desenvolvimento do Posto Fronteiriço
das Portas do Cerco e das zonas envolventes e, em Abril deste ano, foi concluída a
Revisão do Estudo do Plano Geral Urbanístico do Posto Fronteiriço das Portas do
Cerco de Macau e das Zonas Envolventes. Infelizmente, os resultados desse estudo não foram divulgados ao público, o que tem impedido o desenvolvimento da zona em
causa.
Interpelo, então, as autoridades sobre o seguinte:
1. O Governo afirmou que ia aproveitar, no próximo ano, o Plano de acção para
2
澳門特別行政區立法會
Região Administrativa Especial de Macau Assembleia Legislativa
(TRADUÇÃO)
a revitalização dos bairros antigos para atrair, mediante orientação de desvio de pessoas e disponibilização de itinerários turísticos, a chegada de mais visitantes aos
diversos bairros comunitários para consumir, em prol do reforço da vitalidade da economia comunitária. Entretanto, devido à falta de instalações complementares de
tráfego em diversos bairros comunitários de Macau, os visitantes não têm vontade de lá ir e, apesar da existência de elementos como festas, é ainda difícil atrair visitantes
para impulsionar o desenvolvimento da economia comunitária. Neste contexto, as autoridades devem considerar proceder ao estudo sobre a disponibilização de mais
autocarros gratuitos, semelhantes aos autocarros dos casinos, para efectuarem percursos circulares de vários pontos turísticos mais frequentados para vários bairros
comunitários, de modo a aumentar a comodidade de deslocação dos visitantes aos diversos bairros comunitários e a promover mais o desenvolvimento interligado das
zonas turísticas e da comunidade. Vão fazê-lo?
2. As autoridades afirmaram que tinha sido concluída em Abril deste ano, de acordo com o contrato, a Revisão do Estudo do Plano Geral Urbanístico do Posto
Fronteiriço das Portas do Cerco de Macau e das Zonas Envolventes. As autoridades dispõem de um calendário para a devida divulgação? De que medidas dispõem para
melhorar o desenvolvimento do Posto Fronteiriço das Portas do Cerco de Macau e das Zonas Envolventes, de modo a reforçar a eficácia económica desse posto
fronteiriço e a promover o desenvolvimento económico da zona envolvida?
3. De acordo com o plano director urbanístico, ao nível da zona urbana, vão ser criadas novas zonas comerciais e reforçados os espaços para actividades
económicas, designadamente, no antigo Posto Fronteiriço do Cotai, no sentido de
3
澳門特別行政區立法會
Região Administrativa Especial de Macau
Assembleia Legislativa
(TRADUÇÃO)
promover a cooperação regional e o desenvolvimento da economia nos postos fronteiriços. Segundo afirmações das autoridades, o Posto Fronteiriço da Flor de
Lótus (Edifício do posto fronteiriço do Cotai) vai ser transformado num Edifício multifuncional na Estrada Flor de Lótus no Cotai, a par da criação de uma zona
comercial nos arredores, em prol da articulação com o desenvolvimento da economia desse posto fronteiriço e o desenvolvimento comercial nas zonas envolventes.
Actualmente, tal edifício multifuncional já se encontra em construção, mas estão ainda em falta informações sobre a zona comercial. No que respeita ao planeamento dessa
zona comercial, quais são as ideias das autoridades? Vão as autoridades divulgar, atempadamente, as devidas informações?
01 de Dezembro de 2023
A Deputada à Assembleia Legislativa da RAEM,
Song Pek Kei
4
|
<urn:uuid:544b2641-5d5c-4ba3-9bec-e89c86aa17ea>
|
HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/por_Latn/train
|
finepdfs
|
por_Latn
| 6,272
|
PRIJATIE S KONEČNOU PLATNOSŤOU
opravného rozpočtu Európskej únie č. 8 na rozpočtový rok 2005
(2006/5/ES, Euratom)
PREDSEDA EURÓPSKEHO PARLAMENTU,
so zreteľom na Zmluvu o založení Európskeho spoločenstva, a najmä na jej článok 272 ods. 4 predposledný pododsek, so zreteľom na Zmluvu o založení Európskeho spoločenstva pre atómovú energiu, a najmä na jej článok 177,
so zreteľom na nariadenie Rady (ES, Euratom) č. 1605/2002 z 25. júna 2002 o rozpočtových pravidlách, ktoré sa vzťahujú na všeobecný rozpočet Európskych spoločenstiev ( 1 ), a najmä na jeho články 37 a 38,
2
so zreteľom na všeobecný rozpočet Európskej únie na rozpočtový rok 2005, ktorý bol s konečnou platnosťou prijatý 16. decembra 2004 (
), so zreteľom na medziinštitucionálnu dohodu zo 6. mája 1999 medzi Európskym parlamentom, Radou a Komisiou o rozpočtovej disciplíne a zlepšení rozpočtového postupu ( 3 ),
so zreteľom na predbežný návrh opravného rozpočtu Európskej únie č. 8 na rozpočtový rok 2005, ktorý predložila Komisia 5. októbra 2005, so zreteľom na návrh opravného rozpočtu č. 8 na rozpočtový rok 2005 zostavený Radou 1. decembra 2005,
so zreteľom na článok 69 a prílohu IV rokovacieho poriadku, so zreteľom na uznesenie, ktoré prijal Európsky parlament 13. decembra 2005,
potom, ako sa týmto uzavrel postup ustanovený v článku 272 Zmluvy o založení Európskeho spoločenstva a v článku 177 Zmluvy o založení Európskeho spoločenstva pre atómovú energiu,
VYHLASUJE:
Jediný článok
Opravný rozpočet Európskej únie č. 8 na rozpočtový rok 2005 bol prijatý s konečnou platnosťou.
V Štrasburgu 13. decembra 2005
( 1 ) Ú. v. ES L 248, 16.9.2002, s. 1.
( 2 ) Ú. v. EÚ L 60, 8.3.2005, s. 1.
( 3 ) Ú. v. ES C 172, 18.6.1999, s. 1. Dohoda naposledy zmenená a doplnená rozhodnutím Európskeho parlamentu a Rady 2005/708/ES (Ú. v. EÚ L 269, 14.10.2005, s. 24).
Predseda
J. BORRELL FONTELLES
KONEČNÉ PRIJATIE OPRAVNÉHO ROZPOČTU EURÓPSKEJ ÚNIE č. 8 NA ROZPOČTOVÝ ROK 2006
OBSAH
A. FINANCOVANIE VŠEOBECNÉHO ROZPOČTU
Rozpočtové prostriedky kryté počas rozpočtového roku 2005 v súlade s ustanoveniami článku 1 rozhodnutia Rady 2000/597/ES, Euratom z 29. septembra 2000 o systéme vlastných zdrojov Európskych spoločenstiev
VÝDAVKY
( 1
) Vrátane opravných rozpočtov č. 1 až 8/2005.
( 2 ) Číselné údaje tohto stĺpca sú zhodné s číselnými údajmi rozpočtu na rok 2004 (Ú. v. EÚ L 53, 23.2.2004) a opravných rozpočtov č. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 a 10/2003.
( 3 ) Tretí odsek článku 268 Zmluvy o založení Európskeho spoločenstva znie: „Príjmy a výdavky v rozpočte musia byť v rovnováhe".
PRÍJMY
( 1 ) Vrátane opravných rozpočtov č. 1 až 8/2005.
( 2 ) Číselné údaje tohto stĺpca sú zhodné s číselnými údajmi rozpočtu na rok 2004 (Ú. v. EÚ L 53, 23.2.2004) a opravných rozpočtov č. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 a 10/2003.
( 3 ) Vlastné zdroje pre rozpočet na rok 2005 sú stanovené na základe predpovedí rozpočtu prijatých na 133. zasadnutí Poradného výboru pre vlastné zdroje 8. apríla 2004.
( 4 ) Tretí odsek článku 268 Zmluvy o založení Európskeho spoločenstva znie: „Príjmy a výdavky v rozpočte musia byť v rovnováhe".
TABUĽKA 1
Stanovenie obmedzených harmonizovaných vymeriavacích základov dane z pridanej hodnoty (DPH) podľa článku 2 ods. 1 písm. c) rozhodnutia 2000/597/ES, Euratom
( 1 ) Základ určený na použitie neprevýši 50 % hrubého národného príjmu.
Určenie jednotnej sadzby vlastných zdrojov DPH (článok 2 ods. 4 rozhodnutia 2000/597/ES, Euratom):
Jednotná sadzba (%) = maximálna sadzba požiadavky – zmrazená sadzba
A. Maximálna sadzba požiadavky je stanovená vo výške 0,50 % na rok 2005.
B. Vymedzenie sadzby zmrazenej korekciou rozpočtových schodkov udelenej Spojenému kráľovstvu [článok 2 ods. 4 písm. b) rozhodnutia 2000/597/ES, Euratom]:
1. výpočet teoretického podielu krajín s obmedzeným finančným zaťažením:
V súlade s článkom 5 ods. 1 rozhodnutia 2000/597/ES, Euratom je finančný príspevok Nemecka (DE), Holandska (NL), Rakúska (AT) a Švédska (SE) obmedzený na štvrtinu ich bežného príspevku.
Vzorec pre krajinu s obmedzeným finančným zaťažením, napríklad Nemecko:
teoretický príspevok DPH Nemecka = [obmedzený základ DPH Nemecka / (obmedzený základ DPH EÚ – obmedzený základ DPH Spojeného kráľovstva)] × 1/4 × korekcia Spojeného kráľovstva
Príklad: Nemecko:
Teoretický príspevok DPH Nemecka = 9 540 668 000 / (48 931 509 500 – 8 832 022 500) × 1/4 × 5 185 683 679 = 308 450 868
2. výpočet zmrazenej sadzby
Zmrazená sadzba = [UK korekcia – teoretické príspevky DPH (D + NL + A + S)] / [obmedzený základ DPH EÚ – obmedzené základy DPH (UK + D + NL + A + S)]
Zmrazená sadzba = [5 185 683 679 – (308 450 868 + 74 601 411 + 33 818 429 + 39 910 586)] / [48 931 509 500 – (8 832 022 500 + 9 540 668 000 + 2 307 490 000 + 1 046 035 000 + 1 234 471 000)]
Zmrazená sadzba = 0,182085195550907 %
Jednotná sadzba
0,5 % – 0,182085195550907 % = 0,317914804449093 %
TABUĽKA 2
Rozpis vlastných zdrojov plynúcich z DPH podľa článku 2 ods. 1 písm. c) rozhodnutia 2000/597/ES, Euratom (kapitola 1 3)
TABUĽKA 3
Stanovenie jednotnej sadzby a rozpis na základe hrubého národného dôchodku podľa článku 2 ods. 1 písm. d) rozhodnutia 2000/597/ES, Euratom (kapitola 1 4)
TABUĽKA 4
Vlastné zdroje založené na HND – financovanie rezerv (článok 2 ods. 1 písm. d) a článok 6 rozhodnutia 2000/597/ES, Euratom) (kapitola 1 4)
TABUĽKA 5.1
Korekcia rozpočtových schodkov v prípade Spojeného kráľovstva na rok 2004 podľa článku 4 rozhodnutia 2000/597/ES, Euratom (kapitola 1 5)
( 1 ) Zaokrúhlené percentá.
( 2 ) Výška predvstupových výdavkov (PAE) zodpovedá platbám poukázaným 10 novým členským štátom (ktoré k EÚ pristúpili 1.5.2004) v rámci rozpočtových prostriedkov na rok 2003. Táto suma sa odpočíta od celkových pridelených výdavkov, aby výdavky neznížené pred rozšírením zostali neznížené po rozšírení.
( 3 ) „Výhoda pre Spojené kráľovstvo" zodpovedá dopadom, ktoré pre Spojené kráľovstvo plynú z prechodu na obmedzenú DPH a zavedenia vlastných zdrojov založených na HNP/HND.
( 4 ) Tieto neočakávané finančné zisky zodpovedajú čistým ziskom Spojeného kráľovstva vyplývajúcim z nárastu – z 10 % na 25 % k 1.1.2001 – v percentách tradičných vlastných zdrojov ponechaných členskými štátmi na pokrytie nákladov na výber tradičných vlastných zdrojov (TVZ).
TABUĽKA 5.2
Korekcia rozpočtovej nerovnováhy v prípade Spojeného kráľovstva za rok 2001 podľa článku 4 rozhodnutia 2000/597/ES, Euratom (kapitola 3 5)
( 1 ) Zaokrúhlené percentá.
( 2 ) Výška predvstupových výdavkov (PAE) na korekciu pre Spojené kráľovstvo za rok 2003 sa rovná nule.
( 3 ) „Výhoda pre Spojené kráľovstvo" zodpovedá dopadom, ktoré pre Spojené kráľovstvo plynú z prechodu na obmedzenú DPH a zavedenia vlastných zdrojov založených na HNP/HND.
( 4 ) Tieto neočakávané finančné zisky zodpovedajú čistým ziskom Spojeného kráľovstva vyplývajúcim z nárastu – z 10 % na 25 % k 1.1.2001 – v percentách tradičných vlastných zdrojov ponechaných členskými štátmi na pokrytie nákladov na výber tradičných vlastných zdrojov (TVZ).
Poznámka: Rozdiel vo výške 130 672 532 eur medzi konečnou sumou korekcie pre Spojené kráľovstvo za rok 2001 (4 896 335 040 eur, ako bola vypočítaná vyššie) a výškou korekcie pre Spojené kráľovstvo za rok 2001 predtým zahrnutej do rozpočtu (5 027 007 572 eur, zaúčtované v DOR 3/2002) je hradený v rámci kapitoly 3 5 PNOR 5/2005. Tento dopad sa nazýva „priamym účinkom" korekcie pre Spojené kráľovstvo. Aby sa zohľadnil „priamy účinok" korekcie pre Spojené kráľovstvo na jednotnú sadzbu DPH založenej na vlastných zdrojoch, dodatočná úprava je hradená v rámci kapitoly 3 5 PNOR 5/2005. Tento „priamy účinok" pre Spojené kráľovstvo predstavuje 2 620 769 eur, takže celková suma pre Spojené kráľovstvo zaúčtovaná do kapitoly 3 5 PNOR 5/2005 činí 133 293 301 eur.
TABUĽKA 6 Výpočet financovania korekcie pre Spojené kráľovstvo vo výške – 5 185 683 679 EUR (Kapitola 1 5)
Výpočty sú uskutočnené s presnosťou na 15 desatinných miest.
TABUĽKA 7 Zhrnutie financovania všeobecného rozpočtu podľa typu vlastných zdrojov a členského štátu.
Príspevok na celkové
financovanie
4,05
0,98
2,03
0,1
(%)
(11)
1,82
8,75
1,34
0,16
0,12
0,21
0,23
0,88
0,05
5,39
2,16
2,33
1,36
0,28
0,37
1,48
2,76
20,88
16,56
13,73
11,97
100,00
VŠEOBECNÝ VÝKAZ PRÍJMOV PODĽA JEDNOTLIVÝCH POLOŽIEK ROZPOČTU
B. PRÍJMY
HLAVA 1
VLASTNÉ ZDROJE
HLAVA 1
VLASTNÉ ZDROJE
KAPITOLA 1 0 — POĽNOHOSPODÁRSKE POPLATKY STANOVENÉ INŠTITÚCIAMI EURÓPSKYCH SPOLOČENSTIEV S OHĽADOM NA OBCHODOVANIE S NEČLENSKÝMI KRAJINAMI V RÁMCI SPOLOČNEJ POĽNOHOSPODÁRSKEJ POLITIKY [ČLÁNOK 2 ODS. 1 PÍSM. A) ROZHODNUTIA 2000/597/ES, EURATOM]
KAPITOLA 1 0 — POĽNOHOSPODÁRSKE POPLATKY STANOVENÉ INŠTITÚCIAMI EURÓPSKYCH SPOLOČENSTIEV S OHĽADOM NA OBCHODOVANIE S NEČLENSKÝMI KRAJINAMI V RÁMCI SPOLOČNEJ POĽNOHOSPODÁRSKEJ POLITIKY [ČLÁNOK 2 ODS. 1 PÍSM. A) ROZHODNUTIA 2000/597/ES, EURATOM] (pokračovanie)
1 0 0 Poľnohospodárske poplatky stanovené inštitúciami Európskych spoločenstiev s ohľadom na obchodovanie s nečlenskými krajinami v rámci Spoločnej poľnohospodárskej politiky [článok 2 ods. 1písm. a) rozhodnutia 2000/597/ES, Euratom]
1 0 0 0 Poľnohospodárske poplatky stanovené inštitúciami Európskych spoločenstiev s ohľadom na obchodovanie s nečlenskými krajinami v rámci Spoločnej poľnohospodárskej politiky [článok 2 ods. 1písm. a) rozhodnutia 2000/597/ES, Euratom]
Poznámky
Rozhodnutie Rady 2000/597/ES, Euratom z 29. septembra 2000 o systéme vlastných zdrojov Európskych spoločenstiev (Ú. v. ES L 253, 7.10.2000, s. 42), a najmä jeho článok 2 ods. 1 písm. a).
Poľnohospodárske poplatky vyberané z dovozu poľnohospodárskych výrobkov z nečlenských krajín, podliehajúce právnym predpisom, ktorých cieľom je vyrovnať rozdiely medzi cenami na svetovom trhu a cenovými úrovňami dohodnutými pre Spoločenstvo.
Predpovede od roku 2003 sa uvádzajú v čistých (netto) čiastkach (bez nákladov na výber).
KAPITOLA 1 4 — VLASTNÉ ZDROJE ZALOŽENÉ NA HRUBOM NÁRODNOM DÔCHODKU PODĽA ČLÁNKU 2 ODS. 1 PÍSM. D) A ČLÁNKU 6 ROZHODNUTIA 2000/597/ES, EURATOM
KAPITOLA 1 4 — VLASTNÉ ZDROJE ZALOŽENÉ NA HRUBOM NÁRODNOM DÔCHODKU PODĽA ČLÁNKU 2 ODS. 1 PÍSM. D) A ČLÁNKU 6 ROZHODNUTIA 2000/597/ES, EURATOM (pokračovanie)
1 4 0 Vlastné zdroje založené na hrubom národnom dôchodku podľa článku 2 ods. 1 písm. d) a článku 6 rozhodnutia 2000/597/ES, Euratom
1 4 0 0 Vlastné zdroje založené na hrubom národnom dôchodku podľa článku 2 ods. 1 písm. d) rozhodnutia 2000/597/ES, Euratom, s výnimkou zdrojov zodpovedajúcich rezerve na záruky za pôžičky a rezerve na pomoc v núdzových situáciách
Poznámky
Rozhodnutie Rady 2000/597/ES, Euratom z 29. septembra 2000 o systéme vlastných zdrojov Európskych spoločenstiev (Ú. v. ES L 253, 7.10.2000, s. 42), a najmä jeho článok 2 ods. 1 písm. d).
S výnimkou rezervy na úverové záruky a rezervy núdzovej pomoci, sadzba, ktorá sa má uplatniť na hrubý národný dôchodok členských štátov na tento rozpočtový rok je 0,6476 %.
HLAVA 3 PREBYTKY, ZOSTATKY A ÚPRAVY
HLAVA 3
PREBYTKY, ZOSTATKY A ÚPRAVY
KAPITOLA 3 1 — ZOSTATKY A ÚPRAVY ZOSTATKOV Z DPH A FINANČNÉ PRÍSPEVKY Z PREDCHÁDZAJÚCICH ROZPOČTOVÝCH ROKOV, VYPLÝVAJÚCE Z UPLATŇOVANIA ČLÁNKU 10 ODS. 4, 5, 6 A 9 NARIADENIA (ES, EURATOM) Č. 1150/2000
KAPITOLA 3 1 — ZOSTATKY A ÚPRAVY ZOSTATKOV Z DPH A FINANČNÉ PRÍSPEVKY Z PREDCHÁDZAJÚCICH ROZPOČTOVÝCH ROKOV, VYPLÝVAJÚCE Z UPLATŇOVANIA ČLÁNKU 10 ODS. 4, 5, 6 A 9 NARIADENIA (ES, EURATOM) Č. 1150/2000 (pokračovanie)
3 1 0 Uplatnenie článku 10 ods. 4, 5, 6 a 9 nariadenia (ES, Euratom) č. 1150/2000 pre rok 1989 a nasledujúce rozpočtové roky
3 1 0 3 Uplatnenie článku 10 ods. 4, 5, 6 a 9 nariadenia (ES, Euratom) č. 1150/2000 pre rok 1989 a nasledujúce rozpočtové roky
Poznámky
Nariadenie Rady (ES, Euratom) č. 1150/2000 z 22. mája 2000, ktorým sa vykonáva rozhodnutie 94/728/ES, Euratom o systéme vlastných zdrojov Spoločenstiev (Ú. v. ES L 130, 31.5.2000, s. 1), najmä článok 10 ods. 4, 5, 6 a 9, naposledy zmenené a doplnené nariadením (ES, Euratom) č. 2028/2004 (Ú. v. EÚ L 352, 27.11.2004, s. 1).
KAPITOLA 3 2 — ZOSTATKY A ÚPRAVY ZOSTATKOV ZALOŽENÉ NA HRUBOM NÁRODNOM DÔCHODKU/PRODUKTE ZA PREDCHÁDZAJÚCE ROZPOČTOVÉ ROKY A VYPLÝVAJÚCE Z UPLATNENIA ČLÁNKU 10 ODS. 7 AŽ 9 NARIADENIA (ES, EURATOM) Č. 1150/2000
KAPITOLA 3 2 — ZOSTATKY A ÚPRAVY ZOSTATKOV ZALOŽENÉ NA HRUBOM NÁRODNOM DÔCHODKU/PRODUKTE ZA PREDCHÁDZAJÚCE ROZPOČTOVÉ ROKY A VYPLÝVAJÚCE Z UPLATNENIA ČLÁNKU 10 ODS. 7 AŽ 9 NARIADENIA (ES, EURATOM) Č. 1150/2000 (pokračovanie)
3 2 0 Uplatnenie článku 10 ods. 7 až 9 nariadenia (ES, Euratom) č. 1150/2000 pre rok 1995 a pre ďalšie rozpočtové roky
3 2 0 3 Uplatnenie článku 10 ods. 7 až 9 nariadenia (ES, Euratom) č. 1150/2000 pre rok 1995 a pre ďalšie rozpočtové roky
Poznámky
Nariadenie Rady (ES, Euratom) č. 1150/2000 z 22. mája 2000, ktorým sa vykonáva rozhodnutie 94/728/ES, Euratom o systéme vlastných zdrojov Spoločenstiev (Ú. v. ES L 130, 31.5.2000, s. 1), najmä článok 10 ods. 7, 8 a 9, naposledy zmenené a doplnené nariadením (ES, Euratom) č. 2028/2004 (Ú. v. EÚ L 352, 27.11.2004, s. 1).
HLAVA 6
PRÍSPEVKY A ÚHRADY V RÁMCI DOHÔD A PROGRAMOV SPOLOČENSTVA
HLAVA 6 PRÍSPEVKY A ÚHRADY V RÁMCI DOHÔD A PROGRAMOV SPOLOČENSTVA
KAPITOLA 6 1 — ÚHRADY RÔZNYCH VÝDAVKOV
KAPITOLA 6 1 — ÚHRADY RÔZNYCH VÝDAVKOV (pokračovanie)
KAPITOLA 6 1 — ÚHRADY RÔZNYCH VÝDAVKOV (pokračovanie)
6 1 5 Vrátenie nepoužitej pomoci Spoločenstva
6 1 5 0 Vrátenie nevyužitej pomoci Európskeho sociálneho fondu, Európskeho fondu pre regionálny rozvoj a Európskeho poľnohospodárskeho usmerňovacieho a záručného fondu
Poznámky
Vrátenie nevyužitej pomoci z Európskeho sociálneho fondu, Európskeho fondu pre regionálny rozvoj a Európskeho poľnohospodárskeho usmerňovacieho a záručného fondu.
Tieto príjmy sa v súlade s článkom 18 nariadenia o rozpočtových pravidlách od roku 2003 považujú za pripísané príjmy a umožňujú zahrnutie dodatočných rozpočtových prostriedkov do riadkov, kde sú uvedené počiatočné výdavky, ktoré viedli k príslušným príjmom.
6 1 5 7 Vrátenie záloh v rámci štrukturálnych fondov a Kohézneho fondu
Poznámky
Nariadenie Rady (ES) č. 1260/1999 z 21. júna 1999 o všeobecných ustanoveniach o štrukturálnych fondoch (Ú. v. ES L 161, 26.6.1999, s. 1), a najmä jeho článok 39 ods. 3.
Nariadenie Rady (ES) č.1265/1999 z 21. júna 1999, ktorým sa mení a dopĺňa nariadenie (ES) č. 1164/94, ktorým sa zriaďuje Kohézny fond (Ú. v. ES L 161, 26.6.1999, s. 62), a najmä jeho článok 1 ods. 4.
Nariadenie Komisie (ES) č. 448/2001 z 2. marca 2001, ktorým sa ustanovujú podrobné pravidlá vykonávania nariadenia Rady (ES) č. 1260/1999, pokiaľ ide o postup vykonávania opráv financovania na pomoc poskytnutú v rámci štrukturálnych fondov (Ú. v. ES L 64, 6.3.2001, s. 13).
Táto položka je určená na záznam vrátenia platieb na účet v rámci štrukturálnych fondov (usmerňovacia sekcia Európskeho poľnohospodárskeho usmerňovacieho a záručného fondu, Finančný nástroj na usmerňovanie rybného hospodárstva, Európsky fond pre regionálny rozvoj a Európsky sociálny fond) a Kohézneho fondu.
Čiastky pripísané k tejto položke budú v súlade s článkami 18 a 157 nariadenia o rozpočtových pravidlách použité na zabezpečenie dodatočných rozpočtových prostriedkov pre zodpovedajúce hlavy 04, 05, 11 a 13 výkazu výdavkov v oddiele III Komisia, ak sú potrebné na to, aby sa neznížil príspevok štrukturálnych fondov a Kohézneho fondu na príslušnú operáciu.
HLAVA 7
ÚROKY Z OMEŠKANIA A POKUTY
HLAVA 7
ÚROKY Z OMEŠKANIA A POKUTY
KAPITOLA 7 0 — ÚROKY Z OMEŠKANIA
KAPITOLA 7 0 — ÚROKY Z OMEŠKANIA (pokračovanie)
7 0 0 Úroky z omeškania
7 0 0 0 Úroky z omeškania platieb na účty vedené štátnymi pokladnicami členských štátov
Poznámky
Nariadenie Rady (ES, Euratom) č. 1150/2000 z 22. mája 2000, ktorým sa vykonáva rozhodnutie 94/728/ES, Euratom o systéme vlastných zdrojov Spoločenstiev (Ú. v. ES L 130, 31.5.2000, s. 1), naposledy zmenené a doplnené nariadením (ES, Euratom) č. 2028/2004 (Ú. v. EÚ L 352, 27.11.2004, s. 1).
Nariadenie Rady (ES, Euratom) č. 1605/2002 z 25. júna 2002 o rozpočtových pravidlách, ktoré sa vzťahujú na všeobecný rozpočet Európskych spoločenstiev (Ú. v. ES L 248, 16.9.2002, s. 1), a najmä jeho článok 71 ods. 4.
Rada p.m.
Komisia
23 000 000
23 000 000
Spolu
7 0 0 1 Ostatné úroky z omeškania
Poznámky
Nariadenie Rady č. 17 zo 6. februára 1962, prvé nariadenie vykonávajúce články 81 (predtým článok 85) a 82 (predtým článok 86) zmluvy (Ú. v. ES 13, 21.2.1962, s. 204/62), zmenené a doplnené nariadeniami:
— č. 59 (Ú. v. ES 58, 10.7.1962, s. 1655/62),
— č. 118/63/EHS (Ú. v. ES 162, 7.11.1963, s. 2696/63),
— (EHS) č. 2822/71 (Ú. v. ES L 285, 29.12.1971, s. 49).
Nariadenie Rady (EHS) č. 4253/88 z 19. decembra 1988, ktoré ustanovuje opatrenia na vykonávanie nariadenia (EHS) č. 2052/88, pokiaľ ide o koordináciu aktivít rôznych štrukturálnych fondov medzi sebou, ako aj s operáciami Európskej investičnej banky a inými existujúcimi finančnými nástrojmi (Ú. v. ES L 374, 31.12.1988, s. 1), naposledy zmenené a doplnené nariadením (ES) č. 3193/94 (Ú. v. ES L 337, 24.12.1994, s. 11), a najmä jeho článok 24.
Nariadenie Rady (EHS) č. 4064/89 z 21. decembra 1989 o kontrole koncentrácií medzi podnikmi (Ú. v. ES L 395, 30.12.1989, s. 1; korigendum v Ú. v. ES L 257, 21.9.1990, s. 13), a najmä jeho články 14 a 15.
Nariadenie Komisie (EHS) č. 1865/90 z 2. júla 1990 o úroku z dôvodu omeškania platby, ktorý treba započítať v prípade oneskoreného vrátenia pomoci poskytnutej v rámci štrukturálnych fondov (Ú. v. ES L 170, 3.7.1990, s. 35).
Nariadenie Rady (ES, Euratom) č. 1605/2002 z 25. júna 2002 o rozpočtových pravidlách, ktoré sa vzťahujú na všeobecný rozpočet Európskych spoločenstiev (Ú. v. ES L 248, 16.9.2002, s. 1), a najmä jeho článok 71 ods. 4.
7 0 1 Úroky z omeškania a ostatné úroky z pokút
Poznámky
Nový článok
Táto položka je určená na zaznamenanie úroku z oneskorených platieb a ostatných úrokov alebo pokút.
Nariadenie Rady (ES, Euratom) č. 1605/2002 z 25. júna 2002 o o rozpočtových pravidlách, ktoré sa vzťahujú na všeobecný rozpočet Európskych spoločenstiev (Ú. v. ES L 248, 16.9.2002, s. 1), a najmä jeho článok 71 ods. 4.
Nariadenie Komisie (ES, Euratom) č. 2342/2002 z 23. decembra 2002, ktorým sa ustanovujú podrobné pravidlá vykonávania nariadenia Rady (ES, Euratom) č.1605/2002 o o rozpočtových pravidlách, ktoré sa vzťahujú na všeobecný rozpočet Európskych spoločenstiev (Ú. v. ES L 357, 31.12.2002, s. 1), a najmä jeho článok 86.
KAPITOLA 7 1 — POKUTY
KAPITOLA 7 1 — POKUTY (pokračovanie)
7 1 0 Pokuty, pravidelné platby penálov a ostatné penále
Poznámky
Nariadenie Rady č. 11 z 27. júna 1960 o zrušení diskriminácie v dopravných sadzbách a podmienkach pri uplatňovaní článku 79 ods. 3 Zmluvy o založení Európskeho hospodárskeho spoločenstva (Ú. v. ES 52, 16.8.1960, s. 1121/60), naposledy zmenené a doplnené nariadením (EHS) č. 3626/84 (Ú. v. ES L 335, 22.12.1984, s. 4), a najmä jeho články 17 a 18.
Nariadenie Rady č. 17 zo 6. februára 1962, prvé nariadenie vykonávajúce články 81 (predtým článok 85) a 82 (predtým článok 86) zmluvy (Ú. v. ES 13, 21.2.1962, s. 204/62), zmenené a doplnené nariadeniami:
— č. 59 (Ú. v. ES 58, 10.7.1962, s. 1655/62),
— č. 118/63/EHS (Ú. v. ES 162, 7.11.1963, s. 2696/63),
— (EHS) č. 2822/71 (Ú. v. ES L 285, 29.12.1971, s. 49),
a najmä jeho články 15 a 16; nariadenie č. 17 bolo naposledy zmenené a doplnené nariadením (ES) č. 1216/1999 z 10. júna 1999 (Ú. v. ES L 148, 15.6.1999, s. 5).
Nariadenie Rady (EHS) č. 1017/68 z 19. júla 1968, ktorým sa uplatňujú pravidlá súťaže na železničnú, cestnú a vodnú vnútrozemskú dopravu (Ú. v. ES L 175, 23.7.1968, s. 1), a najmä jeho články 22 a 23.
Nariadenie Rady (EHS) č. 4064/89 z 21. decembra 1989 o kontrole koncentrácií medzi podnikmi (Ú. v. ES L 395, 30.12.1989, s. 1; korigendum v Ú. v. ES L 257, 21.9.1990, s. 13), a najmä jeho články 14 a 15.
7 1 2 Platby penále a paušálnych súm uložených členským štátom za nedodržanie rozsudku Súdneho dvora konštatujúceho nesplnenie povinnosti vyplývajúcej zo zmluvy
Poznámky
Zmluva o založení Európskeho spoločenstva, a najmä jej článok 228 ods. 2 (predtým článok 171), zavedený Maastrichtskou zmluvou o Európskej únii (článok G bod 51).
ODDIEL III
KOMISIA
VÝDAVKY
HLAVA 04 ZAMESTNANOSŤ A SOCIÁLNE VECI
Všeobecné ciele
Oblasť politiky zamestnanosti a sociálnych vecí zahŕňa činnosti, ktoré prispievajú k rozvoju moderného, inovačného a trvalo udržateľného európskeho sociálneho modelu s viac a lepšími pracovnými miestami v otvorenej spoločnosti založenej na rovnakých príležitostiach.
KOMISIA
HLAVA 04
ZAMESTNANOSŤ A SOCIÁLNE VECI
KAPITOLA 04 01 — ADMINISTRATÍVNE VÝDAVKY V POLITIKE „ZAMESTNANOSŤ A SOCIÁLNE VECI"
( 1 ) Rozpočtové prostriedky vo výške 103 674 EUR sú zahrnuté v článku 31 01 40.
( 2 ) Rozpočtové prostriedky vo výške 2 015 324 EUR sú zahrnuté v článku 31 01 40.
KAPITOLA 04 01 — ADMINISTRATÍVNE VÝDAVKY V POLITIKE „ZAMESTNANOSŤ A SOCIÁLNE VECI" (pokračovanie)
04 01 04 Výdavky na podporu operácií v politike „Zamestnanosť a sociálne veci"
04 01 04 01 Európsky sociálny fond (ESF) a neoperačná technická pomoc – Výdavky na administratívne riadenie
Poznámky
Tieto rozpočtové prostriedky sú určené na pokrytie opatrení technickej pomoci financovaných ESF uvedených v článku 23 nariadenia Rady (ES) č. 1260/1999. Technická pomoc obsahuje prípravné, monitorovacie, hodnotiace, kontrolné a riadiace opatrenia vyžadované Komisiou na zavedenie ESF. Tieto rozpočtové prostriedkymôžu byť použité najmä na pokrytie:
— výdavkov na podporu (reprezentačné výdavky, školenie, stretnutia, misie, preklady),
— výdavkov na informácie a publikovanie,
— výdavkov na informačné technológie a telekomunikácie,
— zmlúv o poskytovaní služieb,
— výdavkov na dočasných pomocných zamestnancov (zmluvní agenti, národní a individuálni experti, pomocní zamestnanci, zamestnanci agentúry) do sumy 4 700 000 EUR.
Právny základ
Nariadenie Rady (ES) č. 1260/1999 z 21. júna 1999 definujúce základné ustanovenia pre štrukturálne fondy (Ú. v. ES L 161, 26.6.1999, s. 1), naposledy zmenené a doplnené nariadením (ES) č. 1105/2003 (Ú. v. EÚ L 158, 27.6.2003, s. 3).
Nariadenie Európskeho parlamentu a Rady (ES) č. 1262/1999 z 21. júna 1999 o Európskom sociálnom fonde (Ú. v. ES L 161, 26.6.1999, s. 48).
KOMISIA
KAPITOLA 04 02 — ZAMESTNANOSŤ A EURÓPSKY SOCIÁLNY FOND
KAPITOLA 04 02 — ZAMESTNANOSŤ A EURÓPSKY SOCIÁLNY FOND (pokračovanie)
Poznámky
Článok 39 nariadenia Rady (ES) č. 1260/1999 uvádza finančné opravy, pre ktoré sa zadáva akýkoľvek príjem do položky 6 5 0 0 výkazu príjmov. Tento príjem možno použiť na vytvorenie dodatočných rozpočtových prostriedkov podľa článku 18 nariadenia Rady (EC, Euratom) č. 1605/2002 z 25. júna 2002 o rozpočtových pravidlách, ktoré sa vzťahujú na všeobecný rozpočet Európskych spoločenstiev (Ú. v. ES L 248, 16.9.2002, s. 1) v špecifických prípadoch, keď sa vyžaduje pokryť riziko, že opravy vykonané v minulosti budú zrušené alebo znížené.
Nariadenie (ES) č. 1260/1999 ustanovuje podmienky vrátenia platieb na účet, ktoré nemajú účinok zníženia príspevku zo štrukturálnych fondov na príslušnú činnosť. Každý príjem vyplývajúci z vrátenia platieb na účet uvedený v položke 6 1 5 7 výkazu príjmov sa použije na vytvorenie ďalších rozpočtových prostriedkov podľa článkov 18 a 157 nariadenia (ES, Euratom) č. 1605/2002.
Zvláštny program pre mier a zmierenie pokračuje podľa vyššie uvedených rozhodnutí berlínskej Európskej rady o poskytnutí 500 miliónov EUR na ďalšie obdobie platnosti programu. Doplnenia treba plne dodržiavať. Komisia predloží ročnú správu Európskemu parlament o tomto opatrení.
Opatrenia na boj proti podvodom sa financujú podľa článku 24 02 01.
Právny základ
Zmluva o založení Európskeho spoločenstva, a najmä jej články 158, 159 a 161.
Závery berlínskej Európskej rady z 24. a 25. marca 1999.
Nariadenie Rady (ES) č. 1260/1999 z 21. júna 1999 stanovujúce všeobecné ustanovenia pre štrukturálne fondy (Ú. v. ES L 161, 26.6.1999, s. 1), naposledy zmenené a doplnené nariadením (ES) č. 1105/2003 (Ú. v. EÚ L 158, 27.6.2003, s. 3).
04 02 01 Európsky sociálny fond (ESF) – Cieľ 1
Poznámky
Tieto rozpočtové prostriedky sú určené na pokrytie opatrení cieľa 1 ESF pre záväzky týkajúce sa nového obdobia programu (2000 až 2006).
Podľa článku 3 Zmluvy o ES pri definovaní a realizácii ostatných politík Spoločenstva sa Spoločenstvo zameria na odstránenie nerovnosti a na podporu rovnosti mužov a žien.
Rozpočtové prostriedky štrukturálnych fondov sa preto môžu použiť, iba ak opatrenia, ktoré financujú, sú v súlade s opatreniami zmlúv a s právnymi úkonmi prijatými podľa týchto zmlúv, predovšetkým tých, ktoré sa týkajú ochrany životného prostredia a rovnosti mužov a žien.
Právny základ
Nariadenie Európskeho parlamentu a Rady (ES) č. 1262/1999 z 21. júna 1999 o Európskom sociálnom fonde (Ú. v. ES L 161, 26.6.1999, s. 48).
04 02 04 Európsky sociálny fond (ESF) – Cieľ 2
Poznámky
Tieto rozpočtové prostriedky sú určené na pokrytie opatrení cieľa 1 ESF pre záväzky týkajúce sa nového obdobia programu (2000 až 2006).
KOMISIA
KAPITOLA 04 02 — ZAMESTNANOSŤ A EURÓPSKY SOCIÁLNY FOND (pokračovanie)
04 02 04 (pokračovanie)
Podľa článku 3 Zmluvy o ES, pri definovaní a realizácii ostatných politík Spoločenstva sa Spoločenstvo zameria na odstránenie nerovnosti a na podporu rovnosti mužov a žien.
Rozpočtové prostriedky štrukturálnych fondov sa preto môžu použiť, iba ak opatrenia, ktoré financujú, sú v súlade s opatreniami zmlúv a s právnymi úkonmi prijatými podľa týchto zmlúv, predovšetkým tých, ktoré sa týkajú ochrany životného prostredia a rovnosti mužov a žien.
Právny základ
Nariadenie Európskeho parlamentu a Rady (ES) a Rady z 21. júna 1999 o Európskom sociálnom fonde (Ú. v. ES L 161, 26.6.1999, s. 48).
04 02 06 Európsky sociálny fond (ESF) – Cieľ 3
Poznámky
Tieto rozpočtové prostriedky sú určené na pokrytie opatrení cieľa 1 ESF pre záväzky týkajúce sa nového obdobia programu (2000 až 2006).
Podľa článku 3 Zmluvy o ES pri definovaní a realizácii ostatných politík Spoločenstva sa Spoločenstvo zameria na odstránenie nerovnosti a na podporu rovnosti mužov a žien.
Rozpočtové prostriedky štrukturálnych fondov sa preto môžu použiť iba ak opatrenia, ktoré financujú, sú v súlade s opatreniami zmlúv a s právnymi úkonmi prijatými podľa týchto zmlúv, predovšetkým tých, ktoré sa týkajú ochrany životného prostredia a rovnosti mužov a žien.
Právny základ
Nariadenie Európskeho parlamentu a Rady (ES) č. 1262/1999 z 21. júna 1999 o Európskom sociálnom fonde (Ú. v. ES L 161, 26.6.1999, s. 48).
04 02 08 Iniciatíva EQUAL
Poznámky
Tieto rozpočtové prostriedky sú určené na pokrytie opatrení podľa iniciatívy Spoločenstva EQUAL týkajúcej sa nadnárodnej spolupráce na podporu nových postupov boja proti diskriminácii a nerovnosti každého druhu na trhu práce.
Určujúca čiastka predstavujúca maximálne 2 % z prideleného rozpočtu na túto iniciatívu bude vyhradená na financovanie technickej pomoci. Ak sa takéto opatrenia technickej pomoci vykonávajú na návrh Komisie, bude financovaných až do100 % ich celkových nákladov.
Podľa článku 3 Zmluvy o ES, pri definovaní a realizácii ostatných politík Spoločenstva sa Spoločenstvo zameria na odstránenie nerovnosti a na podporu rovnosti mužov a žien.
Rozpočtové prostriedky štrukturálnych fondov sa preto môžu použiť iba ak opatrenia, ktoré financujú, sú v súlade s opatreniami zmlúv a s právnymi úkonmi prijatými podľa týchto zmlúv, predovšetkým tých, ktoré sa týkajú ochrany životného prostredia a rovnosti mužov a žien.
Významná časť týchto rozpočtových prostriedkov bude pridelená na boj proti diskriminácii žien pri ich prístupe na trh práce.
KAPITOLA 04 02 — ZAMESTNANOSŤ A EURÓPSKY SOCIÁLNY FOND (pokračovanie)
04 02 08 (pokračovanie)
Právny základ
Nariadenie Európskeho parlamentu a Rady (ES) č. 1262/1999 z 21. júna 1999 o Európskom sociálnom fonde (Ú. v. ES L 161, 26.6.1999, s. 48).
Odkazy na súvisiace právne akty
Oznámenie Komisie členským štátom zo 14. apríla 2000 o zavedení usmernení pre iniciatívu Spoločenstva EQUAL, ktorá sa týka nadnárodnej spolupráce pri presadzovaní nových prostriedkov boja proti všetkým formám diskriminácie a nerovnosti v spojení s trhom práce (Ú. v. ES C 127, 5.5.2000, s. 2).
04 02 11 Ukončenie predchádzajúcich programov
Poznámky
Tieto rozpočtové prostriedky sú určené na pokrytie vyrovnania záväzkov ESF z predchádzajúcich období pre inovačné opatrenia alebo na prípravné, monitorovacie, hodnotiace, kontrolné a riadiace opatrenia alebo akúkoľvek formu technickej pomoci uvedenej v nariadeniach.
Financujú tiež bývalé viacročné opatrenia, hlavne tie, ktoré sú schválené a vykonávané podľa vyššie uvedených nariadení, na ktoré sa nevzťahujú prioritné ciele fondov.
V prípade potreby sa tieto rozpočtové prostriedky použijú aj na pokrytie potrebného financovania ESF, ak nie sú dostupné zodpovedajúce viazané rozpočtové prostriedky alebo nie sú uvedené v programe na roky 2000 až 2006.
Právny základ
Rozhodnutie Rady č. 83/516/EHS zo 17. októbra 1983 o úlohách Európskeho sociálneho fondu (Ú. v. ES L 289, 22.10.1983, s. 38), naposledy zmenené a doplnené rozhodnutím č. 85/568/EHS (Ú. v. ES L 370, 31.12.1985, s. 40).
Nariadenie Rady (EHS) č. 2950/83 zo 17. októbra 1983 o implementácii rozhodnutia č. 83/516/EHS o úlohách Európskeho sociálneho fondu (Ú. v. ES L 289, 22.10.1983, s. 1), zmenené a doplnené nariadeniami (EHS) č. 3823/85 (Ú. v. ES L 370, 31.12.1985, s. 23) a (EHS) č. 3824/85 (Ú. v. L 370, 31.12.1985, s. 25).
Nariadenie Rady (EHS) č. 2088/85 z 23. júla 1985 o integrovaných programoch pre Stredomorie (Ú. v. ES L 197, 27.7.1985, s. 1).
Nariadenie Rady (EHS) č. 2052/88 z 24. júna 1988 o úlohách štrukturálnych fondov a ich účinnosti, o vzájomnej koordinácii ich aktivít a s operáciami Európskej investičnej banky a ďalších finančných nástrojov (Ú. v. ES L 185, 15.7.1988, s. 9), naposledy zmenené a doplnené nariadením (ES) č. 3193/94 (Ú. v. ES L 337, 24.12.1994, s. 11).
Nariadenie Rady (EHS) č. 4253/88 z 19. decembra 1988, ktorým sa ustanovujú podmienky vykonávania nariadenia (EHS) č. 2052/88 týkajúce sa koordinácie činností rôznych štrukturálnych fondov navzájom a s operáciami Európskej investičnej banky a ďalších finančných nástrojov (Ú. v. ES L 374, 31.12.1988, s. 1), naposledy zmenené a doplnené nariadením (ES) č. 3193/94 (Ú. v. ES L 337, 24.12.1994, s. 11).
Nariadenie Rady (EHS) č. 4255/88 z 19. decembra 1988, ktorým sa stanovujú ustanovenia na implementáciu nariadenia (EHS) č. 2052/88, pokiaľ ide o Európsky sociálny fond (Ú. v. ES L 374, 31.12.1988, s. 21), naposledy zmenené a doplnené nariadením (EHS) č. 2084/93 (Ú. v. ES L 193, 31.7.1993, s. 39).
Nariadenie Európskeho parlamentu a Rady (ES) a Rady z 21. júna 1999 o Európskom sociálnom fonde (Ú. v. ES L 161, 26.6.1999, s. 48).
KOMISIA
HLAVA 05
POĽNOHOSPODÁRSTVO A ROZVOJ VIDIEKA
Všeobecné ciele
Ciele Spoločnej poľnohospodárskej politiky (SPP) vyplývajú priamo zo zmluvy a sú nimi najmä stabilizácia trhov, zabezpečenie primeranej životnej úrovne poľnohospodárov a zabezpečenie riadneho zásobovania.
SPP bola od svojho zavedenia niekoľkokrát reformovaná, naposledy dohodou podpísanou v júni 2003 v Luxemburgu. Základným cieľom tejto reformy ako súčasti Agendy 2000 bolo vo väčšej miere podriadiť poľnohospodárstvo trhovým podmienkam s cieľom učiniť poľnohospodársky sektor konkurencieschopnejším. Odrážajúc viacúčelové uplatnenie poľnohospodárskej činnosti, SPP musí byť taktiež plne kompatibilná s trvalo udržateľným rozvojom, najmä podporovaním metód výroby, ktoré rešpektujú životné prostredie, a podporovaním efektívneho využívania zdrojov. Rozvoj vidieka, druhý pilier SPP, má za cieľ zvýšiť konkurencieschopnosť vidieckych oblastí a chrániť životné prostredie a dedičstvo vidieka s cieľom zaistiť budúcnosť vidieckych oblastí a podporovať udržiavanie a vytváranie pracovných miest.
V roku 2005 sa bude pokračovať v uskutočňovaní priorít roku 2004, najmä čo sa týka implementácie reforiem prijatých v rokoch 2003 a 2004, operačného uplatňovania acquis v nových členských krajinách a rokovaní v rámci Svetovej obchodnej organizácie (WTO). Tieto priority sú dodatočné k pravidelným činnostiam SPP.
HLAVA 05
POĽNOHOSPODÁRSTVO A ROZVOJ VIDIEKA
KAPITOLA 05 01 — ADMINISTRATÍVNE VÝDAVKY V POLITIKE „POĽNOHOSPODÁRSTVO"
( 1 ) Rozpočtové prostriedky vo výške 170 026 EUR sú zahrnuté v článku 31 01 40.
( 2 ) Rozpočtové prostriedky vo výške 1 025 037 EUR sú zahrnuté v článku 31 01 40.
KOMISIA
KAPITOLA 05 01 — ADMINISTRATÍVNE VÝDAVKY V POLITIKE „POĽNOHOSPODÁRSTVO" (pokračovanie)
05 01 04 Výdavky na podporu operácií v politike „Poľnohospodárstvo"
Právny základ
Nariadenie Rady (ES) č. 1257/1999 zo 17. mája 1999 o podpore rozvoja vidieka z Európskeho poľnohospodárskeho usmerňovacieho a záručného fondu (EPUZF) a ktorým sa menia, dopĺňajú a rušia niektoré nariadenia (Ú. v. ES L 160, 26.6.1999, s. 80), naposledy zmenené a doplnené nariadením (ES) č. 583/2004 (Ú. v. ES L 91, 30.3.2004, s. 1).
Nariadenie Rady (ES) č. 1258/1999 zo 17. mája 1999 o financovaní Spoločnej poľnohospodárskej politiky (Ú. v. ES L 160, 26.6.1999, s. 103).
Nariadenie Rady (ES) č. 1260/1999 z 21. júna 1999 o všeobecných ustanoveniach o štrukturálnych fondoch (Ú. v. ES L 161, 26.6.1999, s. 1), naposledy zmenené a doplnené nariadením (ES) č. 1105/2003 (Ú. v. EÚ L 158, 27.6.2003, s. 3).
Nariadenie Rady (ES) č. 1268/1999 z 21. júna 1999 o podpore Spoločenstva na predvstupové opatrenia pre rozvoj poľnohospodárstva a vidieka v kandidátskych krajinách strednej a východnej Európy v predvstupovom období (Ú. v. ES L 161, 26.6.1999, s. 87), naposledy zmenené a doplnené nariadením (ES) č. 696/2003 (Ú. v. EÚ L 99, 17.4.2003, s. 24).
Európsky poľnohospodársky usmerňovací a záručný fond (EPUZF), záručná sekcia – neoperačná technická pomoc
Poznámky
Tieto rozpočtové prostriedky sú určené na pokrytie technickej pomoci financovanej z EPUZF, stanovenej v článku 23 nariadenia (ES) č. 1260/1999. Technická pomoc pokrýva prípravné, monitorovacie, hodnotiace, dozorné a riadiace opatrenia, potrebné na uskutočňovanie záručnej sekcie EPUZF Komisiou. V tejto súvislosti môžu byť rozpočtové prostriedky použité najmä na krytie:
— podporných výdavkov (reprezentačné náklady, školenie, stretnutia, misie, preklady),
— výdavky na informácie a publikácie,
— výdavky na informačné technológie a telekomunikácie,
— zmluvy o poskytovaní služieb,
— výdavky na dočasných zamestnancov (zmluvní zamestnanci, národní odborníci, samostatní experti, pomocní zamestnanci, zamestnanci agentúry) až do výšky 1 200 000 EUR.
05 01 04 04
KAPITOLA 05 03 — ŽIVOČÍŠNE VÝROBKY
KAPITOLA 05 03 — ŽIVOČÍŠNE VÝROBKY (pokračovanie)
KAPITOLA 05 03 — ŽIVOČÍŠNE VÝROBKY (pokračovanie)
05 03 01 Mlieko a mliečne výrobky
Právny základ
Nariadenie Rady (ES) č. 1255/1999 zo 17. mája 1999 o spoločnej organizácii trhu s mliekom a mliečnymi výrobkami (Ú. v. ES L 160, 26.6.1999, s. 48), naposledy zmenené a doplnené nariadením (ES) č. 1787/2003 (Ú. v. EÚ L 270, 21.10.2003, s. 121).
05 03 01 01 Náhrady vzťahujúce sa na mlieko a mliečne výrobky
Poznámky
Tieto rozpočtové prostriedky sú určené na pokrytie vývozných náhrad v súlade s článkom 31 nariadenia (ES) č. 1255/1999.
05 03 01 05 Ostatné opatrenia vzťahujúce sa na mliečny tuk
Poznámky
Tieto rozpočtové prostriedky sú určené na pokrytie dotácií na špecifické použitia v súlade s článkom 13 nariadenia (ES) č. 1255/1999.
05 03 01 07 Dodatočný odvod od výrobcov mlieka
Poznámky
Tento poplatok pre producentov alebo nákupcov kravského mlieka je stanovený v článku 2 nariadenia (ES) č. 1788/2003.
Právny základ
Nariadenie Rady (ES) č. 1788/2003 z 29. septembra 2003 stanovujúce poplatky v sektore mlieka a mliečnych výrobkov (Ú. v. ES L 270, 21.10.2003, s. 123).
05 03 01 09 Náhrady vzťahujúce sa na výrobky neuvedené v prílohe I (mlieko a maslo)
Poznámky
Tieto rozpočtové prostriedky sú určené na pokrytie náhrad na:
— tovary pochádzajúce zo spracovania odstredeného mlieka v súlade s nariadením (ES) č. 3448/93,
— tovary pochádzajúce zo spracovania masla v súlade s nariadením (ES) č. 3448/93.
Právny základ
Nariadenie Rady (ES) č. 3448/93 zo 6. decembra 1993 stanovujúce obchodné opatrenia uplatňované na niektoré tovary vznikajúce spracovaním poľnohospodárskych výrobkov (Ú. v. ES L 318, 20.12.1993, s. 18), naposledy zmenené a doplnené nariadením (ES) č. 2580/2000 (Ú. v. ES L 298, 25.11.2000, s. 5).
KOMISIA
KAPITOLA 05 03 — ŽIVOČÍŠNE VÝROBKY (pokračovanie)
05 03 04 Bravčové mäso, vajcia a hydina, včelárstvo a ostatné živočíšne výrobky
Právny základ
Nariadenie Rady (EHS) č. 2759/75 z 29. októbra 1975 o spoločnej organizácii trhu s bravčovým mäsom (Ú. v. ES L 282, 1.11.1975, s. 1), naposledy zmenené a doplnené nariadením (ES) č. 1365/2000 (Ú. v. ES L 156, 29.6.2000, s. 5).
05 03 04 01 Náhrady vzťahujúce sa na bravčové mäso
Poznámky
Tieto rozpočtové prostriedky sú určené na pokrytie vývozných náhrad v súlade s článkom 15 nariadenia (EHS) č. 2759/75.
KAPITOLA 05 04 — ROZVOJ VIDIEKA
KAPITOLA 05 04 — ROZVOJ VIDIEKA (pokračovanie)
KAPITOLA 05 04 — ROZVOJ VIDIEKA (pokračovanie)
05 04 02 Rozvoj vidieka v usmerňovacej sekcii EPZUF
Poznámky
Článok 39 nariadenia Rady (ES) č. 1260/1999 stanovuje finančné úpravy, z ktorých sa každý príjem uvádza v položke 6 5 0 0 výkazu príjmov. Tento príjem môže byť dôvodom k poskytnutiu dodatočných rozpočtových prostriedkov v súlade s článkom 18 nariadenia Rady (ES, Euratom) č. 1605/2002 z 25. júna 2002 o rozpočtových pravidlách, ktoré sa vzťahujú na všeobecný rozpočet Európskych spoločenstiev (Ú. v. ES L 248, 16.9.2002, s. 1), v konkrétnych prípadoch, ak sú potrebné na pokrytie rizík vyplývajúcich zo zrušenia alebo zníženia úprav, o ktorých bolo predtým rozhodnuté.
Nariadenie (ES) č. 1260/1999 stanovuje podmienky vrátenia preddavku bez vplyvu na zníženie príspevku zo štrukturálnych fondov na príslušnú dotáciu. Všetky príjmy z vrátenia preddavkov, ktoré spadajú pod položku 6 1 5 7 výkazu príjmov, zvýšia zabezpečenie dodatočných alokácií v súlade s článkami 18 a 157 nariadenia (ES, Euratom) č. 1605/2002.
Osobitný program pre mier a uzmierenie pokračuje v súlade s vyššie uvedeným rozhodnutím Európskej rady z Berlína na zabezpečenie 500 mil. EUR na nové obdobie platnosti programu. Prídavky sa javia nevyhnutnou podmienkou pokračovania tohto programu. Komisia predloží Európskemu parlamentu výročnú správu týkajúcu sa tohto opatrenia.
Opatrenia na boj proti podvodom sú financované z položky 24 02 01.
Právny základ
Zmluva o založení Európskeho spoločenstva, a najmä jej články 158, 159 a 161.
Závery Európskej rady v Berlíne z 24. a 25. marca 1999.
Nariadenie Rady (ES) č. 1260/1999 z 21. júna 1999 definujúce základné ustanovenia pre štrukturálne fondy (Ú. v. ES L 161, 26.6.1999, s. 1), naposledy zmenené a doplnené nariadením (ES) č. 1105/2003 (Ú. v. EÚ L 158, 27.6.2003, s. 3).
05 04 02 01 Európsky poľnohospodársky usmerňovací a záručný fond, usmerňovacia sekcia – regióny cieľa 1
Poznámky
Tieto rozpočtové prostriedky sú určené na pokrytie opatrení cieľa 1 usmerňovacej sekcie EPUZF, záväzkov týkajúcich sa programového obdobia 2000 až 2006.
Právny základ
Nariadenie Rady (ES) č. 1257/1999 zo 17. mája 1999 o podpore rozvoja vidieka z Európskeho poľnohospodárskeho usmerňovacieho a záručného fondu (EPUZF) a ktorým sa menia, dopĺňajú a rušia niektoré nariadenia (Ú. v. ES L 160, 26.6.1999, s. 80), naposledy zmenené a doplnené nariadením (ES) č. 583/2004 (Ú. v. ES L 91, 30.3.2004, s. 1).
Nariadenie Rady (ES) č. 1258/1999 zo 17. mája 1999 o financovaní Spoločnej poľnohospodárskej politiky (Ú. v. ES L 160, 26.6.1999, s. 103).
Nariadenie Rady (ES) č. 1260/1999 z 21. júna 1999 o všeobecných ustanoveniach o štrukturálnych fondoch (Ú. v. ES L 161, 26.6.1999, s. 1), naposledy zmenené a doplnené nariadením (ES) č. 1105/2003 (Ú. v. EÚ L 158, 27.6.2003, s. 3).
KOMISIA
KAPITOLA 05 04 — ROZVOJ VIDIEKA (pokračovanie)
05 04 02 (pokračovanie)
05 04 02 02 Osobitný program pre mier a zmierenie v Severnom Írsku a pohraničných grófstvach Írska
Poznámky
Osobitný program pre mier a uzmierenie pokračuje v súlade s vyššie uvedeným rozhodnutím Európskej rady z Berlína na zabezpečenie 500 mil. EUR na nové obdobie platnosti programu. Prídavky sa javia nevyhnutnou podmienkou pokračovania tohto programu. Komisia predloží Európskemu parlamentu výročnú správu týkajúcu sa tohto opatrenia.
Právny základ
Nariadenie Rady (ES) č. 1260/1999 z 21. júna 1999 o všeobecných ustanoveniach o štrukturálnych fondoch (Ú. v. ES L 161, 26.6.1999, s. 1), naposledy zmenené a doplnené nariadením (ES) č. 1105/2003 (Ú. v. EÚ L 158, 27.6.2003, s. 3).
Rozhodnutie Komisie 1999/501/ES z 1. júla 1999, ktorým sa stanovuje predbežné rozdelenie vyhradených prostriedkov podľa členských štátov v rámci Cieľa 1 štrukturálnych fondov na obdobie rokov 2000 až 2006 (Ú. v. ES L 194, 27.7.1999, s. 49), najmä jeho odôvodnenie 5.
Odkazy na súvisiace právne akty
Závery zasadania Európskej Rady z 24. a 25. marca 1999 v Berlíne, najmä ich odsek 44 písm. b).
Ukončenie predchádzajúcich programov v regiónoch cieľov 1 a 6
Poznámky
Tieto rozpočtové prostriedky sú určené na pokrytie financovania záväzkov, ktoré zostali nevyrovnané z predchádzajúcich programových období vzhľadom na predchádzajúce ciele 1 a 6.
Právny základ
Nariadenie Rady (EHS) č. 2052/88 z 24. júna 1988 o úlohách štrukturálnych fondov a ich účinnosti, o vzájomnej koordinácii ich aktivít a s operáciami Európskej investičnej banky a ďalších finančných nástrojov (Ú. v. ES L 185, 15.7.1988, s. 9), naposledy zmenené a doplnené nariadením (ES) č. 3193/94 (Ú. v. ES L 337, 24.12.1994, s. 11).
Nariadenie Rady (EHS) č. 4253/88 z 19. decembra 1988, ktorým sa ustanovujú podmienky vykonávania nariadenia (EHS) č. 2052/88 týkajúce sa koordinácie činností rôznych štrukturálnych fondov navzájom a s operáciami Európskej investičnej banky a ďalších finančných nástrojov (Ú. v. ES L 374, 31.12.1988, s. 1), naposledy zmenené a doplnené nariadením (ES) č. 3193/94 (Ú. v. ES L 337, 24.12.1994, s. 11).
Nariadenie Rady (EHS) č. 4256/88 z 19. decembra 1988 o ustanoveniach týkajúcich sa vykonávania nariadenia (EHS) č. 2052/88 pokiaľ ide o usmerňovaciu sekciu EPUZF (Ú. v. ES L 374, 31.12.1988, s. 25), zmenené a doplnené nariadením (EHS) č. 2085/93 (Ú. v. ES L 193, 31.7.1993, s. 44).
Nariadenie Rady (ES) č. 1257/1999 zo 17. mája 1999 o podpore rozvoja vidieka z Európskeho poľnohospodárskeho usmerňovacieho a záručného fondu (EPUZF) a ktorým sa menia, dopĺňajú a rušia niektoré nariadenia (Ú. v. ES L 160, 26.6.1999, s. 80), naposledy zmenené a doplnené nariadením (ES) č. 583/2004 (Ú. v. ES L 91, 30.3.2004, s. 1).
Nariadenie Rady (ES) č. 1258/1999 zo 17. mája 1999 o financovaní Spoločnej poľnohospodárskej politiky (Ú. v. ES L 160, 26.6.1999, s. 103).
05 04 02 03
KAPITOLA 05 04 — ROZVOJ VIDIEKA (pokračovanie)
05 04 02 (pokračovanie)
05 04 02 05
Ukončenie predchádzajúcich programov mimo regiónov cieľa 1
Poznámky
Tieto rozpočtové prostriedky sú určené na pokrytie financovania, usmerňovacou sekciou EPUZF záväzkov, ktoré zostali nevyrovnané z predchádzajúcich programových období vzhľadom na predchádzajúci cieľ 5 a).
Právny základ
Nariadenie Rady (EHS) č. 2052/88 z 24. júna 1988 o úlohách štrukturálnych fondov a ich účinnosti, o vzájomnej koordinácii ich aktivít a s operáciami Európskej investičnej banky a ďalších finančných nástrojov (Ú. v. ES L 185, 15.7.1988, s. 9), naposledy zmenené a doplnené nariadením (ES) č. 3193/94 (Ú. v. ES L 337, 24.12.1994, s. 11).
Nariadenie Rady (EHS) č. 4253/88 z 19. decembra 1988, ktorým sa ustanovujú podmienky vykonávania nariadenia (EHS) č. 2052/88 týkajúce sa koordinácie činností rôznych štrukturálnych fondov navzájom a s operáciami Európskej investičnej banky a ďalších finančných nástrojov (Ú. v. ES L 374, 31.12.1988, s. 1), naposledy zmenené a doplnené nariadením (ES) č. 3193/94 (Ú. v. ES L 337, 24.12.1994, s. 11).
Nariadenie Rady (EHS) č. 4256/88 z 19. decembra 1988 o ustanoveniach týkajúcich sa vykonávania nariadenia (EHS) č. 2052/88 pokiaľ ide o usmerňovaciu sekciu EPUZF (Ú. v. ES L 374, 31.12.1988, s. 25), zmenené a doplnené nariadením (EHS) č. 2085/93 (Ú. v. ES L 193, 31.7.1993, s. 44).
Nariadenie Rady (ES) č. 1257/1999 zo 17. mája 1999 o podpore rozvoja vidieka z Európskeho poľnohospodárskeho usmerňovacieho a záručného fondu (EPUZF) a ktorým sa menia, dopĺňajú a rušia niektoré nariadenia (Ú. v. ES L 160, 26.6.1999, s. 80), naposledy zmenené a doplnené nariadením (ES) č. 583/2004 (Ú. v. ES L 91, 30.3.2004, s. 1).
Nariadenie Rady (ES) č. 1258/1999 zo 17. mája 1999 o financovaní Spoločnej poľnohospodárskej politiky (Ú. v. ES L 160, 26.6.1999, s. 103).
Iniciatíva Leader
Poznámky
Tieto rozpočtové prostriedky sú určené na pokrytie opatrení v rámci iniciatívy Spoločenstva Leader+ týkajúcej sa rozvoja vidieka.
Indikatívny objem predstavujúci maximálne prídel 2 % rozpočtu na túto iniciatívu bude vyhradený na financovanie technickej pomoci. Ak sa takéto opatrenia technickej pomoci vykonávajú z iniciatívy Komisie, bude financovaných až do100 % ich celkových nákladov.
Tieto rozpočtové prostriedky sú tiež určené na financovanie nového projektu so zámerom urýchliť posilňovanie občianskej spoločnosti a podnikania v rámci európskeho vidieka prostredníctvom poskytovania grantov, úverov a záruk. EÚ, členské štáty, ako aj súkromné nadácie a spoločnosti budú prispievať do fondu určeného na zvyšovanie investícií do Spoločenských a súkromných iniciatív v rámci európskeho vidieka (SPIRE). Fond bude mať nadnárodnú pôsobnosť a budú ho spravovať skúsené nadácie pod dohľadom výboru, v ktorom sú zastúpení všetci prispievatelia určujúci hlavné smery jeho činnosti. Fond bude slúžiť na podporu vytvárania občianskych organizácií a ich činností na regionálnej alebo miestnej úrovni v rámci celého európskeho vidieka; programov vytvárania kapacít a podpory pre jednotlivé podnikateľské subjekty, vzájomných záručných skupín, úverových družstiev a iných inštitucionálnych foriem podpory súkromného a kolektívneho podnikania a vytvárania regionálnych investičných fondov pre potreby rizikového kapitálu pre vidiecke podnikanie vo vidieckych regiónoch.
05 04 02 06
KOMISIA
KAPITOLA 05 04 — ROZVOJ VIDIEKA (pokračovanie)
05 04 02 (pokračovanie)
05 04 02 06 (pokračovanie)
Právny základ
Nariadenie Rady (ES) č. 1257/1999 zo 17. mája 1999 o podpore rozvoja vidieka z Európskeho poľnohospodárskeho usmerňovacieho a záručného fondu (EPUZF) a ktorým sa menia, dopĺňajú a rušia niektoré nariadenia (Ú. v. ES L 160, 26.6.1999, s. 80), naposledy zmenené a doplnené nariadením (ES) č. 583/2004 (Ú. v. ES L 91, 30.3.2004, s. 1).
Nariadenie Rady (ES) č. 1258/1999 zo 17. mája 1999 o financovaní Spoločnej poľnohospodárskej politiky (Ú. v. ES L 160, 26.6.1999, s. 103).
Odkazy na súvisiace právne akty
Oznam Komisie členským štátom zo 14. apríla 2000 o usmerneniach pre iniciatívu Spoločenstva pre rozvoj vidieka (Leader+) (Ú. v. ES C 139, 18.5.2000, s. 5).
05 04 02 07 Ukončenie predchádzajúcich programov (iniciatívy Spoločenstva)
Poznámky
Tieto rozpočtové prostriedky sú určené na financovanie záväzkov, ktoré neboli vyrovnané, týkajúcich sa iniciatív Spoločenstva, ktoré predchádzajú programovacie obdobie 2000 až 2006.
Právny základ
Nariadenie Rady (EHS) č. 2052/88 z 24. júna 1988 o úlohách štrukturálnych fondov a ich účinnosti, o vzájomnej koordinácii ich aktivít a s operáciami Európskej investičnej banky a ďalších finančných nástrojov (Ú. v. ES L 185, 15.7.1988, s. 9), naposledy zmenené a doplnené nariadením (ES) č. 3193/94 (Ú. v. ES L 337, 24.12.1994, s. 11).
Nariadenie Rady (EHS) č. 4253/88 z 19. decembra 1988, ktorým sa ustanovujú podmienky vykonávania nariadenia (EHS) č. 2052/88 týkajúce sa koordinácie činností rôznych štrukturálnych fondov navzájom a s operáciami Európskej investičnej banky a ďalších finančných nástrojov (Ú. v. ES L 374, 31.12.1988, s. 1), naposledy zmenené a doplnené nariadením (ES) č. 3193/94 (Ú. v. ES L 337, 24.12.1994, s. 11).
Nariadenie Rady (EHS) č. 4256/88 z 19. decembra 1988 o ustanoveniach týkajúcich sa vykonávania nariadenia (EHS) č. 2052/88 pokiaľ ide o usmerňovaciu sekciu EPUZF (Ú. v. ES L 374, 31.12.1988, s. 25), zmenené a doplnené nariadením (EHS) č. 2085/93 (Ú. v. ES L 193, 31.7.1993, s. 44).
Nariadenie Rady (ES) č. 1257/1999 zo 17. mája 1999 o podpore rozvoja vidieka z Európskeho poľnohospodárskeho usmerňovacieho a záručného fondu (EPUZF) a ktorým sa menia, dopĺňajú a rušia niektoré nariadenia (Ú. v. ES L 160, 26.6.1999, s. 80), naposledy zmenené a doplnené nariadením (ES) č. 583/2004 (Ú. v. ES L 91, 30.3.2004, s. 1).
Nariadenie Rady (ES) č. 1258/1999 zo 17. mája 1999 o financovaní Spoločnej poľnohospodárskej politiky (Ú. v. ES L 160, 26.6.1999, s. 103).
Odkazy na súvisiace právne akty
Oznámenie Komisie členským štátom z 15. júna 1994, ktorým sa stanovujú usmernenia pre operačné programy, ktoré majú členské štáty zaviesť v rámci iniciatívy Spoločenstva týkajúcej sa najodľahlejších regiónov (Regis II) (Ú. v. ES C 180, 1.7.1994, s. 44).
Oznámenie Komisie členským štátom z 15. júna 1994, ktorým sa stanovujú usmernenia pre globálne granty alebo integrované operačné programy, pre ktoré majú členské štáty predložiť žiadosti o pomoc v rámci iniciatívy Spoločenstva pre rozvoj vidieka (Leader II) (Ú. v. ES C 180, 1.7.1994, s. 48).
KAPITOLA 05 04 — ROZVOJ VIDIEKA (pokračovanie)
05 04 02 (pokračovanie)
05 04 02 07 (pokračovanie)
Oznámenie Komisie členským štátom z 15. júna 1994, ktorým sa stanovujú usmernenia pre operačné programy, ktoré majú členské štáty zaviesť v rámci iniciatívy Spoločenstva týkajúcej sa pohraničného rozvoja, cezhraničnej spolupráce a vybraných energetických sietí (Interreg II) (Ú. v. ES C 180, 1.7.1994, s. 60).
Oznam Komisie členským štátom zo 16. mája 1995, ktorým sa stanovujú usmernenia pre iniciatívu v rámci osobitného podporného programu pre mier a zmierenie v Severnom Írsku a pohraničných grófstvach Írska (PEACE I) (Ú. v. ES C 186, 20.7.1995, s. 3).
Oznámenie Komisie členským štátom z 8. mája 1996, ktorým sa stanovujú usmernenia pre operačné programy, ktoré majú členské štáty zaviesť v rámci iniciatívy Spoločenstva Interreg týkajúcej sa nadnárodnej spolupráce v oblasti priestorového plánovania (Interreg II C) (Ú. v. ES C 200, 10.7.1996, s. 23).
Oznámenie Komisie Európskemu parlamentu, Rade, Hospodárskemu a sociálnemu výboru a Výboru regiónov z 26. novembra 1997 o osobitnom podpornom programe pre mier a zmierenie v Severnom Írsku a pohraničných grófstvach Írska (1995 až 1999) (Peace I) (KOM(97) 642 v konečnom znení).
KOMISIA
KAPITOLA 05 07 — AUDIT POĽNOHOSPODÁRSKYCH VÝDAVKOV
KAPITOLA 05 07 — AUDIT POĽNOHOSPODÁRSKYCH VÝDAVKOV (pokračovanie)
05 07 01 Kontrola poľnohospodárskych výdavkov
05 07 01 07 Dodržiavanie vyrovnania účtov predchádzajúcich rokov a výdavkov na spoločné riadenie v položke 1a
Poznámky
Táto položka je určená na pokrytie uplatnenia článku 154 nariadenia o rozpočtových pravidlách a výsledkov rozhodnutia článku 7 ods. 4 nariadenia (ES) č. 1258/1999. Táto zásada vyrovnanosti účtov je stanovená v článku 53 ods. 5 nariadenia o rozpočtových pravidlách.
Právny základ
Nariadenie Rady (ES) č. 1258/1999 zo 17. mája 1999 o financovaní Spoločnej poľnohospodárskej politiky (Ú. v. ES L 160, 26.6.1999, s. 103).
Nariadenie Rady (ES) č. 2040/2000 z 26. septembra 2000 o rozpočtovej disciplíne (Ú. v. ES L 244, 29.9.2000, s. 27), najmä jeho článok 14, ktorý stanovuje, že v prípade preukázaného nesúladu s pravidlami môže Komisia znížiť alebo dočasne pozastaviť mesačné zálohy členským štátom bez toho, aby boli dotknuté rozhodnutia prijaté v súvislosti s vyrovnaním účtov.
Nariadenie Rady (ES, Euratom) č. 1605/2002 z 25. júna 2002 o rozpočtových pravidlách, ktoré sa vzťahujú na všeobecný rozpočet Európskych spoločenstiev (Ú. v. ES L 248, 16.9.2002, s. 1).
KOMISIA
HLAVA 11
RYBNÉ HOSPODÁRSTVO
Všeobecné ciele
Táto oblasť politiky zahŕňa všetky činnosti pokryté spoločnou politikou rybného hospodárstva (SPRH), ktorá je vo výlučnej kompetencii Spoločenstva. Týka sa všetkých činností v oblasti rybného hospodárstva, ako aj spracúvania a predaja produktov rybného hospodárstva.
Taktiež zabezpečuje, aby sa príslušné ustanovenia práva Spoločenstva správne uplatňovali v sektore rybného hospodárstva.
Táto oblasť politiky pokrýva päť operačných činností: špecifické opatrenia na podporu SPRH (vrátane ochrany zdrojov rybného hospodárstva, kontroly a dialógu so sektorom rybného hospodárstva), vzťahy a dohody s tretími krajinami a medzinárodnými organizáciami, spoločnú organizáciu trhu v oblasti rybného hospodárstva, výskum v oblasti rybného hospodárstva a štrukturálne opatrenia v oblasti rybného hospodárstva prostredníctvom Finančného nástroja na usmerňovanie rybného hospodárstva (FIFG).
Šesťdesiat percent rozpočtových prostriedkov sa venuje Finančnému nástroju na usmerňovanie rybného hospodárstva (FIFG). Avšak operácie FIFG vykonávajú členské krajiny hlavne ako súčasť decentralizovaného riadenia.
HLAVA 11
RYBNÉ HOSPODÁRSTVO
KAPITOLA 11 06 — ŠTRUKTURÁLNE INTERVENCIE VZŤAHUJÚCE SA NA RYBNÉ HOSPODÁRSTVO
KAPITOLA 11 06 — ŠTRUKTURÁLNE INTERVENCIE VZŤAHUJÚCE SA NA RYBNÉ HOSPODÁRSTVO (pokračovanie)
Poznámky
Článok 39 nariadenia (ES) č. 1260/1999 stanovuje finančné úpravy, z ktorých sa každý príjem zapisuje do položky 6 5 0 0 výkazu príjmov. Tento príjem môže byť dôvodom na poskytnutie dodatočných rozpočtových prostriedkov v súlade s článkom 18 nariadenia Rady (ES, Euratom) č. 1605/2002 z 25. júna 2002 o rozpočtových pravidlách, ktoré sa vzťahujú na všeobecný rozpočet Európskych spoločenstiev (Ú. v. ES L 248, 16.9.2002, s. 1), v konkrétnych prípadoch, ak sú potrebné na pokrytie rizík vyplývajúcich zo zrušenia alebo zníženia úprav, o ktorých bolo predtým rozhodnuté.
Nariadenie (ES) č. 1260/1999 stanovuje podmienky vrátenia preddavku bez vplyvu na zníženie príspevku zo štrukturálnych fondov na príslušnú dotáciu. Všetky príjmy z vrátenia preddavkov, ktoré patria pod položku 6 1 5 7 výkazu príjmov, budú dôvodom rezervy dodatočných rozpočtových prostriedkov v súlade s článkami 18 a 157 nariadenia (ES, Euratom) č. 1605/2002.
Zvláštny program pre mier a zmierenie pokračuje podľa vyššie uvedených rozhodnutí berlínskej Európskej rady o poskytnutí 500 miliónov EUR na ďalšie obdobie platnosti programu. Doplnenia treba plne dodržiavať. Komisia predloží ročnú správu Európskemu parlamentu o tomto opatrení.
Opatrenia na boj proti podvodom sa financujú podľa článku 24 02 01.
Právny základ
Zmluva o založení Európskeho spoločenstva, a najmä jej články 158, 159 a 161.
Závery zo zasadania Európskej rady v Berlíne z 24. a 25. marca 1999.
Nariadenie Rady (ES) č. 1260/1999 z 21. júna 1999 o všeobecných ustanoveniach o štrukturálnych fondoch (Ú. v. ES L 161, 26.6.1999, s. 1), naposledy zmenené a doplnené nariadením (ES) č. 1105/2003 (Ú. v. ES L 158, 27.6.2003, s. 3).
11 06 07 Finančný nástroj na usmerňovanie rybného hospodárstva (FIFG) – Operačná technická pomoc a inovačné opatrenia
Poznámky
Tieto rozpočtové prostriedky sú určené na inovačné opatrenia a opatrenia technickej pomoci, financované z FIFG tak, ako je stanovené v článkoch 22 a 23 nariadenia Rady (ES) č. 1260/1999. Inovačné opatrenia zahŕňa štúdie, pilotné projekty a výmeny skúseností. Sú určené najmä na uskutočnenie kvalitatívneho zlepšenia opatrení štrukturálneho fondu. Technická pomoc zahŕňa opatrenia spojené s prípravou, monitorovaním, hodnotením, dohľadom a riadením, ktoré sú potrebné na realizáciu FIFG. Rozpočtové prostriedky sa môžu použiť najmä na financovanie:
— výdavkov (reprezentačné výdavky, školenie, stretnutia, misie),
— výdavkov na informácie a publikovanie,
— výdavkov na informačné technológie a telekomunikácie,
— zmlúv o poskytovaní služieb,
— granty.
Právny základ
Nariadenie Rady (ES) č. 1260/1999 z 21. júna 1999 o všeobecných ustanoveniach o štrukturálnych fondoch (Ú. v. ES L 161, 26.6.1999, s. 1), naposledy zmenené a doplnené nariadením (ES) č. 1447/2001 (Ú. v. EÚ L 198, 21.7.2001, s. 1).
Nariadenie Rady (ES) č. 1263/1999 z 21. júna 1999 o finančnom nástroji na usmerňovanie rybného hospodárstva (Ú. v. ES L 161, 26.6.1999, s. 54).
Nariadenie Rady (ES) č. 2792/1999 zo 17. decembra 1999, ktorým sa ustanovujú presné predpisy a opatrenia týkajúce sa štrukturálnej pomoci Spoločenstva v sektore rybného hospodárstva (Ú. v. ES L 337, 30.12.1999, s. 10), naposledy zmenené a doplnené nariadením (ES) č. 2369/2002 (Ú. v. ES L 358, 31.12.2002, s. 49).
HLAVA 13
REGIONÁLNA POLITIKA
Všeobecné ciele
Cieľom tejto politiky je posilniť ekonomickú a sociálnu súdržnosť prostredníctvom znižovania rozdielov medzi úrovňami regionálneho rozvoja v Európskej únii.
KOMISIA
HLAVA 13
REGIONÁLNA POLITIKA
KAPITOLA 13 03 — EURÓPSKY FOND PRE REGIONÁLNY ROZVOJ A OSTATNÉ REGIONÁLNE INTERVENCIE
KAPITOLA 13 03 — EURÓPSKY FOND PRE REGIONÁLNY ROZVOJ A OSTATNÉ REGIONÁLNE INTERVENCIE (pokračovanie)
( 1 ) Rozpočtové prostriedky vo výške 9 000 000 EUR sú zahrnuté v položke 31 02 41 01.
KAPITOLA 13 03 — EURÓPSKY FOND PRE REGIONÁLNY ROZVOJ A OSTATNÉ REGIONÁLNE INTERVENCIE (pokračovanie)
Poznámky
Článok 39 nariadenia (ES) č. 1260/1999 stanovuje finančné úpravy, pri ktorých sa každý príjem zaznamenáva do položky 6 5 0 0 výkazu príjmu Tento príjem sa môže použiť na poskytnutie dodatočných rozpočtových prostriedkov v súlade s článkom 18 nariadenia Rady (ES, Euratom) č. 1605/2002 z 25. júna 2002 o rozpočtových pravidlách, ktoré sa vzťahujú na všeobecný rozpočet Európskych spoločenstiev (Ú. v. ES L 248, 16.9.2002, s. 1), v špecifických prípadoch, ak sa tieto vyžadujú na pokrytie rizika skôr prijatých úprav, ktoré majú byť zrušené alebo zredukované.
Nariadenie (ES) č. 1260/1999 stanovuje podmienky vrátenia na účet platieb, ktoré nemajú účinok zníženia príspevku zo štrukturálnych fondov na príslušnú činnosť. Každý príjem vyplývajúci z vrátenia platieb na účet uvedený v položke 6 1 5 7 výkazu príjmov sa použije na vytvorenie ďalších rozpočtových prostriedkov podľa článkov 18 a 157 nariadenia (ES, Euratom) č. 1605/2002.
Osobitný program pre mier a zmierenie pokračuje v súlade s rozhodnutiami zo zasadania Európskej rady v Berlíne poskytnutím 500 miliónov EUR na nové obdobie platnosti programu. Doplňujúci charakter príspevku sa má v plnom rozsahu dodržať. Komisia predloží výročnú správu o tomto opatrení Európskemu parlamentu.
Opatrenia na boj proti podvodom sú financované z položky 24 02 01.
Právny základ
Zmluva o založení Európskeho spoločenstva, a najmä jej články 158, 159 a 161.
Závery zo zasadania Rady v Berlíne z 24. a 25. marca 1999.
Nariadenie Rady (ES) č. 1260/1999 z 21. júna 1999 o všeobecných ustanoveniach o štrukturálnych fondoch (Ú. v. ES L 161, 26.6.1999, s. 1), naposledy zmenené a doplnené nariadením (ES) č. 1105/2003 (Ú. v. EÚ L 158, 27.6.2003, s. 3).
13 03 01 Európsky fond pre regionálny rozvoj (ERDF) – Cieľ 1
Poznámky
Tieto rozpočtové prostriedky sú určené na pokrytie opatrení cieľa 1 ERDF pre záväzky týkajúce sa programového obdobia 2000 až 2006.
Právny základ
Nariadenie Európskeho parlamentu a Rady (ES) č. 1261/1999 z 21. júna 1999 o Európskom fonde pre regionálny rozvoj (Ú. v. ES L 161, 26.6.1999, s. 43).
13 03 03 Ukončenie predchádzajúcich programov – Cieľ 1
Poznámky
Tieto rozpočtové prostriedky sú určené na pokrytie financovania záväzkov, ktoré zostali na uhradenie z minulých programových období v súvislosti s predchádzajúcimi cieľmi 1 a 6, zo strany ERDF.
Právny základ
Nariadenie Rady (EHS) č. 2052/88 z 24. júna 1988 o úlohách štrukturálnych fondov a ich účinnosti, o vzájomnej koordinácii ich aktivít a s operáciami Európskej investičnej banky a ďalších finančných nástrojov (Ú. v. ES L 185, 15.7.1988, s. 9), naposledy zmenené a doplnené nariadením (ES) č. 3193/94 (Ú. v. ES L 337, 24.12.1994, s. 11).
Nariadenie Rady (EHS) č. 4253/88 z 19. decembra 1988, ktorým sa ustanovujú podmienky vykonávania nariadenia (EHS) č. 2052/88 týkajúce sa koordinácie činností rôznych štrukturálnych fondov navzájom a s operáciami Európskej investičnej banky a ďalších finančných nástrojov (Ú. v. ES L 374, 31.12.1988, s. 1), naposledy zmenené a doplnené nariadením (ES) č. 3193/94 (Ú. v. ES L 337, 24.12.1994, s. 11).
KAPITOLA 13 03 — EURÓPSKY FOND PRE REGIONÁLNY ROZVOJ A OSTATNÉ REGIONÁLNE INTERVENCIE (pokračovanie)
13 03 03 (pokračovanie)
Nariadenie Rady (EHS) č. 4254/88 z 19. decembra 1988 o ustanoveniach týkajúcich sa vykonávania nariadenia (EHS) č. 2052/88, pokiaľ ide o Európsky fond pre regionálny rozvoj (Ú. v. ES L 374, 31.12.1988, s. 15), naposledy zmenené a doplnené nariadením (EHS) č. 2083/93 (Ú. v. EÚ L 193, 31.7.1993, s. 34).
Nariadenie Európskeho parlamentu a Rady (ES) č. 1261/1999 z 21. júna 1999 o Európskom fonde pre regionálny rozvoj (Ú. v. ES L 161, 26.6.1999, s. 43).
13 03 05 Ukončenie predchádzajúcich programov – Cieľ 2
Poznámky
Tieto rozpočtové prostriedky sú určené na pokrytie financovania záväzkov, ktoré zostali na uhradenie z minulých programových období v súvislosti s predchádzajúcimi cieľmi 2 a 5(b), tromi fondmi (ERDF, ESF a EPUZF Usmerňovacia sekcia).
Právny základ
Nariadenie Rady (EHS) č. 2052/88 z 24. júna 1988 o úlohách štrukturálnych fondov a ich účinnosti, o vzájomnej koordinácii ich aktivít a s operáciami Európskej investičnej banky a ďalších finančných nástrojov (Ú. v. ES L 185, 15.7.1988, s. 9), naposledy zmenené a doplnené nariadením (ES) č. 3193/94 (Ú. v. ES L 337, 24.12.1994, s. 11).
Nariadenie Rady (EHS) č. 4253/88 z 19. decembra 1988, ktorým sa ustanovujú podmienky vykonávania nariadenia (EHS) č. 2052/88 týkajúce sa koordinácie činností rôznych štrukturálnych fondov navzájom a s operáciami Európskej investičnej banky a ďalších finančných nástrojov (Ú. v. ES L 374, 31.12.1988, s. 1), naposledy zmenené a doplnené nariadením (ES) č. 3193/94 (Ú. v. ES L 337, 24.12.1994, s. 11).
Nariadenie Rady (EHS) č. 4254/88 z 19. decembra 1988 o ustanoveniach týkajúcich sa vykonávania nariadenia (EHS) č. 2052/88, pokiaľ ide o Európsky fond pre regionálny rozvoj (Ú. v. ES L 374, 31.12.1988, s. 15), naposledy zmenené a doplnené nariadením (EHS) č. 2083/93 (Ú. v. EÚ L 193, 31.7.1993, s. 34).
Nariadenie Európskeho parlamentu a Rady (ES) č. 1261/1999 z 21. júna 1999 o Európskom fonde pre regionálny rozvoj (Ú. v. ES L 161, 26.6.1999, s. 43).
Európsky fond pre regionálny rozvoj (ERDF) – Operačná technická pomoc
Poznámky
Tieto rozpočtové prostriedky sú určené na pokrytie inovačných opatrení a technickej pomoci financovaných ERDF, ako je stanovené v článkoch 22 a 23 nariadenia (ES) č. 1260/1999. Tieto inovačné opatrenia zahrnujú štúdie, pilotné projekty a výmeny skúseností. Sú určené najmä na uskutočnenie kvalitatívnych zlepšení opatrení štrukturálneho fondu. Technická pomoc zahrnuje opatrenia spojené s prípravou, monitorovaním, hodnotením, dohľadom a riadením potrebné pre realizáciu ERDF. Túto dotáciu možno použiť najmä na splnenie:
— podporu výdavkov (reprezentačné výdavky, školenie, stretnutia, misie),
— výdavkov na informácie a publikovanie,
— výdavkov na informačné technológie a telekomunikácie,
— zmluvy o poskytovaní služieb a štúdií,
— granty.
Právny základ
Nariadenie Rady (ES) č. 1260/1999 z 21. júna 1999 o všeobecných ustanoveniach o štrukturálnych fondoch (Ú. v. ES L 161, 26.6.1999, s. 1), naposledy zmenené a doplnené nariadením (ES) č. 1105/2003 (Ú. v. EÚ L 158, 27.6.2003, s. 3).
Nariadenie Európskeho parlamentu a Rady (ES) č. 1261/1999 z 21. júna 1999 o Európskom fonde pre regionálny rozvoj (Ú. v. ES L 161, 26.6.1999, s. 43).
13 03 08
KOMISIA
KAPITOLA 13 04 — KOHÉZNY FOND
KAPITOLA 13 04 — KOHÉZNY FOND (pokračovanie)
Poznámky
Nariadenie rady (ES) č. 1265/1999 z 21. júna 1999, ktoré mení a dopĺňa prílohu II k nariadeniu (ES) č. 1164/94 ustanovujúcemu Kohézny fond (Ú. v. ES L 161, 26.6.1999, s. 62), stanovuje podmienky, podľa ktorých zálohy, ktoré nemajú účinok zníženia príspevku fondu na príslušnú operáciu, majú byť vrátané. Akýkoľvek príjem vyplývajúci z takých vrátených záloh môže byť dôvodom k prideleniu dodatočných rozpočtových prostriedkov v súlade s článkami 18 a 157 nariadenia Rady (ES, Euratom) č. 1605/2002 z 25. júna 2002 o rozpočtových pravidlách, ktoré sa vzťahujú na všeobecný rozpočet Európskych spoločenstiev (Ú. v. ES L 248, 16.9.2002, s. 1).
13 04 01 Kohézny fond
Poznámky
Tieto rozpočtové prostriedky sú určené na pokrytie nákladov financovania kohézneho fondu, a to pred rokom 2000 a aj v novom období.
Operácie proti podvodom budú financované podľa článku 24 02 01.
Právny základ
Nariadenie Rady (ES) č. 566/94 z 10. marca 1994, ktorým sa rozširuje nariadenie (EHS) č. 792/93, ktorým sa zriaďuje kohézny finančný nástroj (Ú. v. ES L 72, 16.3.1994, s. 1).
Nariadenie Rady (ES) č. 1164/94 zo 16. mája 1994, ktorým sa zriaďuje kohézny fond (Ú. v. ES L 130, 25.5.1994, s. 1), zmenené a doplnené nariadením (ES) č. 1264/1999 (Ú. v. ES L 161, 26.6.1999, s. 57).
Odkazy na súvisiace právne akty
Zmluva o založení Európskeho spoločenstva, najmä jej články 158 a 161.
KOMISIA
HLAVA 17 ZDRAVIE A OCHRANA SPOTREBITEĽA
Všeobecné ciele
Cieľom tejto politiky je zabezpečiť vysokú úroveň ochrany zdravia, bezpečnosti a hospodárskych záujmov spotrebiteľov, ako aj verejného zdravia na úrovni Európskej únie.
HLAVA 17
ZDRAVIE A OCHRANA SPOTREBITEĽA
KAPITOLA 17 04 — BEZPEČNOSŤ POTRAVÍN, ZDRAVIE ZVIERAT, STAROSTLIVOSŤ O ZVIERATÁ A RASTLINOLEKÁRSTVO
KOMISIA
KAPITOLA 17 04 — BEZPEČNOSŤ POTRAVÍN, ZDRAVIE ZVIERAT, STAROSTLIVOSŤ O ZVIERATÁ A RASTLINOLEKÁRSTVO (pokračovanie)
17 04 02 Iné opatrenia vo veterinárstve, v starostlivosti o zvieratá a v oblasti verejného zdravia
Poznámky
Tieto rozpočtové prostriedky sú určené na pokrytie príspevku Spoločenstva na opatrenia na elimináciu prekážok voľného pohybu tovarov v týchto sektoroch a na veterinárne podporné a záložné opatrenia.
Jedným dôležitým opatrením je poskytovanie finančnej pomoci na prácu referenčných laboratórií Spoločenstva stanovených v legislatíve Spoločenstva. Práca, ktorú vykonávajú, pomáha zlepšiť kontrolu nad chorobami zvierat a predchádzať ich, obmedziť riziká, pokiaľ je to len možné, a chrániť zdravie verejnosti prostredníctvom zlepšovania podmienok dohľadu nad biologickými a chemickými rizikami.
Tieto rozpočtové prostriedky tiež pokrývajú výdavky na monitorovanie zhody s ustanoveniami na ochranu zvierat počas prepravy zvierat na bitúnok.
Prostriedky tejto položky sa môžu používať aj na vytvorenie a udržiavanie rýchleho výstražného systému oznamovania priameho alebo nepriameho rizika súvisiaceho s potravinami alebo krmivom pre zdravie ľudí
Sú tiež určené na financovanie vývoja markerových vakcín alebo testov, ktoré umožňujú rozlišovať medzi chorými a očkovanými zvieratami.
Technické a vedecké opatrenia potrebné na vypracovanie veterinárnej legislatívy Spoločenstva, napríklad dohľad nad výskytom mikróba Campylobacter u brojlerov vo Švédsku, sa tiež financujú z tejto dotácie.
Právny základ
Rozhodnutie Rady 90/424/EHS z 26. júna 1990 o výdavkoch na veterinárnom úseku (Ú. v. ES L 224, 18.8.1990, s. 19), naposledy zmenené a doplnené smernicou 2003/99/ES (Ú. v. EÚ L 325, 12.12.2003, s. 31).
Nariadenie Európskeho parlamentu a Rady (ES) č. 178/2002 z 28. januára 2002, ktorým sa ustanovujú všeobecné zásady a požiadavky potravinového práva, zriaďuje Európsky úrad pre bezpečnosť potravín a stanovujú postupy v záležitostiach bezpečnosti potravín (Ú. v. ES L 31, 1.2.2002, s. 1).
17 04 03 Pohotovostný fond pre choroby a iné kontaminácie zvierat, ktoré sú rizikom pre verejné zdravie
Poznámky
Objavenie sa určitých ochorení zvierat v Spoločenstve by mohlo mať závažný dosah na fungovanie vnútorného trhu a na obchodné vzťahy Spoločenstva s tretími krajinami. Na tomto pozadí by Spoločenstvo mohlo prispieť na čo najrýchlejšie odstránenie každého vypuknutia závažného infekčného ochorenia, ak členské štáty vyčlenia prostriedky Spoločenstva na boj s epizootickými ochoreniami.
Právny základ
Rozhodnutie Rady 90/424/EHS z 26. júna 1990 o výdavkoch na veterinárnom úseku (Ú. v. ES L 224, 18.8.1990, s. 19), naposledy zmenené a doplnené smernicou 2003/99/ES (Ú. v. EÚ L 325, 12.12.2003, s. 31).
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DELIBERAZIONE N. 11
OGGETTO: Bilancio preventivo finanziario generale - di competenza e di cassa – e bilancio preventivo economico generale per l'anno 2002.
2^ nota di variazione.
IL CONSIGLIO DI INDIRIZZO E VIGILANZA
(Seduta del 25 giugno 2002)
Visto l'art. 2, comma 1, del D.P.R. 9 novembre 1998 n. 439;
Visto l'art. 4, comma 2, del D.P.R: 24 settembre 1997, n.366;
Visto l'art.3, comma 4, del decreto legislativo 30 giugno 1994, n. 479, modificato dall'art. 17, comma 23, della legge 15 maggio 1997, n.127;
Visto l'art. 20 della legge 9 marzo 1989, n. 88;
Visti l'art. 2, comma 5, e l'art. 13 del "Regolamento di contabilità e per l'esecuzione delle opere, delle forniture e dei servizi dell'INPS" approvato dal Consiglio di Amministrazione con deliberazione n. 628 del 13 giugno 1995;
Considerata la propria deliberazione n. 31 del 21 dicembre 2001 di approvazione del bilancio di previsione per l'esercizio 2002;
Vista la propria deliberazione n. 5 del 17 aprile 2002 con la quale è stata approvata la 1^ nota di variazione al bilancio di previsione per l'anno 2002;
Vista la deliberazione n. 170 del 21 maggio 2002 con la quale il Consiglio di Amministrazione ha trasmesso al Consiglio di Indirizzo e Vigilanza la 2^ nota di variazione al bilancio di previsione per l'anno 2002;
Vista la relazione del Direttore Generale, nella quale sono rappresentati i motivi che rendono necessaria la variazione agli stanziamenti dei capitoli 1 01 04, 1 04 47, 1 04 50, 2 12 09 e 1 10 02;
Considerato che le variazioni al bilancio di previsione per il 2002 sono complessivamente riferibili ad eventi prevedibili anche prima della fase di elaborazione della prima nota di variazione al bilancio di previsione, e che, pertanto, potevano utilmente essere rappresentati in tale occasione;
Considerate le osservazioni e gli indirizzi formulati dal CIV, in materia di tempistica nella predisposizione dei bilanci di previsione e delle relative note di variazione, con le deliberazioni N. 9 del 27 maggio 1997 e successivamente ribadite con le deliberazioni N. 25 del 14 dicembre 1999, N. 28 del 21 dicembre 1999 , N. 15 del 31 luglio 1999, N. 23 del 19 dicembre 2000, N. 20 del 31 luglio 2001 e N. 5 del 17 aprile 2002;
Preso atto delle lettere del Direttore Generale, N. 21402 e 21431 del 19 e 20 giugno 2002, che forniscono i chiarimenti richiesti dal CIV sulle variazioni di cui al cap. 1.04.07, per le spese connesse alle operazioni di cessione dei crediti ai sensi dell'art. 13 della L. 448/98, e per i cap. 1.04.50 e 2.12.09 relativi all'assistenza e acquisizione di prodotti informatici finalizzati a dare attuazione alla direttiva 2002 del Ministro per l'Innovazione e le Tecnologie;
Preso atto, altresì, dei chiarimenti forniti dalla Tecnostruttura in ordine alla variazione degli stanziamenti di cui al cap. 1.01.04 "Medaglie di presenza, indennità di missione e rimborso spese al Presidente dell'Istituto";
Vista la relazione del Collegio dei Sindaci, integrata dalla nota n. 23349 del 24 giugno 2002,
DELIBERA
l'approvazione della 2^ nota di variazione al bilancio preventivo finanziario, di competenza e di cassa, per l'anno 2002, come predisposta e trasmessa dal Consiglio di Amministrazione con deliberazione n. 170 del 21 maggio 2002.
La presente deliberazione sarà trasmessa ai Ministeri vigilanti ai sensi di legge.
Visto:
Visto:
IL SEGRETARIO
IL PRESIDENTE (A. Smolizza)
(D. Ciarolla)
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Barcelona, 03 de desembre 2018
Benvolguts pares/mares/tutors,
Us comuniquem la realització de la següent activitat escolar fora de l'aula, integrada en el currículum dels alumnes. (ACTIVITAT DE TUTORIA)
Nivell educatiu i Grup: 1r Batxillerat H/S/C/T
Lloc: VISITA A LA BIBLIOTECA JAUME FUSTER
Dia: dimarts 11 de desembre 2018
Hora i lloc de sortida: 11.00 h. Vestíbul de l'institut. Anirem a l'activitat caminant, tindrem ½ hora per a esmorzar.
Hora i lloc de tornada: 13:30h. Retorn a l'institut.
Preu: Activitat gratuïta. Els alumnes entregaran l'autorització (part inferior full) a la tutora (Marta Prunés) abans del 10 de desembre.
Material necessari: Cal dur carpeta, fulls i bolígrafs per a prendre notes de l'activitat. A més és imprescindible portar el carnet de la biblioteca Jaume Fuster o el de qualsevol biblioteca de la Xarxa de biblioteques de la Diputació de Barcelona per a dur a terme l'activitat E-BIBLIO.
Objectiu a desenvolupar: Aprofundir en la recerca d'informació per als Treballs d'Investigació de 2n de Batxillerat i conèixer una nova aplicació (E-BIBLIO) per a poder accedir a lectures prescriptives de Batxillerat de les matèries de Llengua i Literatura catalana i castellana.
Atentament,
Marta Prunés (Tutora de 1r Batxillerat) & Ruth Guinovart (Coordinació Batxillerat).
……………………………………..............…………………………………………………
Jo………….............…………....................................…….. com a pare/mare/tutor/a de l’alumne/a……………........................………em considero assabentat/da de la sortida a la biblioteca Jaume Fuster del 11.12.2018 i en dono l’autorització perquè hi participi.
DNI.:
Signatura:
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Dichiarazione di accertamento causa di scioglimento per conseguimento dell'oggetto sociale o per sopravvenuta impossibilità di conseguirlo
(art.. 2484 c.c., comma 1, n. 2 – 2485 c.c., comma 1)
Presso la sede della società_____________________________________
iscritta al R.E.A. n. __________, codice fiscale n. _______________________, il consiglio di amministrazione della società stessa,
constatato che l'assemblea dei soci all'uopo convocata non ha deliberato le modifiche dell'oggetto sociale atte a
rimuovere le cause di scioglimento, dichiara
di accertare la causa di scioglimento della società per il conseguimento dell'oggetto sociale / per
1
l'impossibilità di conseguire l'oggetto sociale.
Firmato digitalmente da 2
Nome e Cognome
1 Specificare la causa di scioglimento accertata: per il conseguimento dell'oggetto sociale o, in alternativa, per l'impossibilità di conseguire l'oggetto sociale.
La dichiarazione è resa alla data della sua sottoscrizione digitale da parte dei firmatari. Qualora questi ultimi non appongano la firma alla stessa data, la dichiarazione è resa alla data dell'ultima sottoscrizione digitale.
2 La dichiarazione deve riportare il nome e il cognome e la firma digitale dei componenti dell'organo amministrativo che la sottoscrivono.
La data della dichiarazione deve essere riportata nel modello S3, riquadro ESTREMI DELL' ATTO – campo data atto.
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JUILLET AOUT 2015
EDITO : Projets en cours et engagés cette année
Sécurité routière (circulation-stationnement) : La rue des Pruniers est désormais en sens unique. Cette modification supprime les croisements au passage de la rue des Vergers à la rue des Carrières.
Carrefour cimetière côté pharmacie : Matérialisation au sol d'un trottoir de 1,5 m au bord du mur du cimetière pour sécuriser le cheminement des piétons, maintien de la protection de la sortie du cimetière et ré-aménagement des places de stationnement avec pose d'une bordure de trottoir pour délimiter la rue.
Carrefour de la Gendarmerie : (des Egreyottes) Ce carrefour perturbe les automobilistes. Cette disposition est critiquée par les usagers qui préfèrent la solution rond-point avec priorité à gauche. Cette évolution sera engagée.
Voirie : - Les travaux de réfection de la rue de la Mairie votés par le Conseil Municipal du 9 avril 2015, comprenant chaussée, caniveaux, enfouissement des réseaux, aménagement d'un parking et abords de la fontaine commenceront à l'automne (coût de l'opération 294 000 €).
- La réparation des zones dégradées des chaussées par enrobé projeté sera engagée dans plusieurs rues de la commune.
- La réfection de la rue des Carrières est également prévue.
- L'ensemble des marquages au sol sera rafraîchi.
Jean-Claude GIRARD
Adjoint Urbanisme / Travaux / Forêt / Cimetière
MANIFESTATIONS ESTIVALES
Samedi 4 juillet
Soirée country avec le country-club Montbéliard
Soirée programmée dans le cadre de Festiv 2015 au fort du Mont-Bart, entrée libre dès 19h00. Buvette et petite restauration sur place.
Renseignements : 06.43.16.76.94 ou email@example.com
Lundi 13 juillet
Feux d'artifice et bal populaire
La soirée sera animée à partir de 19h00 sur le parking de la salle Polyvalente, tir du feu d'artifice à 22h45 depuis le stade. Restauration, buvette sur place.
Dimanche 19 juillet à 9H30
Course pédestre du Mont-Bart
Cette année encore, deux distances sont proposées : 11 ou 17 Kms. Départ et arrivée sur le site du Mont-Bart. Départ à 9h30. Pour vous inscrire, téléchargez le bulletin d'inscription sur le site internet de la commune ou rendez-vous en mairie le samedi 18 juillet de 9h00 à 11h00.
Inscription possible sur place le jour de la course de 8h00 à 9h00.
Tarifs : 8€ (11 Kms), 12€ (17 Kms).
Trail semi nature organisé par l'Amicale des Associations Bavanaises en collaboration avec la municipalité.
Renseignements au 06.08.88.96.03 ou firstname.lastname@example.org
Samedi 1er et Dimanche 9 août
Concours de pétanque à partir de 13h00, organisés par l'Amicale Pétanque Bavanaise.
Place des Fêtes www.bavans.fr
Dimanche 30 août
Brocante, vide-grenier au fort du Mont-Bart
De 7h00 à 18h00, accès gratuit.
Réservation obligatoire jusqu'au 26 août : 06.43.16.76.94 ou email@example.com Informations et tarifs pour les exposants, plan d'accès sur le site : www.asso-montbart.fr Buvette et restauration en permanence.
MAISON POUR TOUS
Apéro des parents d'ados le lundi 29 juin
Rendez-vous à 18h00 à la MPT, inscriptions à l'accueil
Session massage bébé
5 séances en juillet, inscriptions auprès de Marine à partir du 22 juin.
Sortie Laguna le samedi 11 juillet
Inscriptions au 03.81.92.64.25
Couscous campagnard le jeudi 30 juillet
Dès 19h00, à la salle des fêtes de Bavans, réservations à partir du lundi 6 juillet au 03.81.92.64.25
Le Centre Social sera fermé du 3 août au 21 août 2015 inclus
BIBLIOTHÈQUE
Coup de cœur des bibliothécaires : « Cristal noir » de Michelle Tourneur
Ode à Paris illustrée par une photographe américaine dans l'ambiance des années folles autour de la personnalité charismatique d'un chef et de son restaurant, haut lieu de la gastronomie. Un bijou d'écriture sensuelle et ciselée. Au printemps 1929, une jeune américaine arrive à Paris pour un reportage à la demande d'un grand éditeur new-yorkais. Au fil de ses pérégrinations elle découvre Le Paquebot. Eblouie par ce restaurant, elle en fait le sujet exclusif de son travail. Tout dans cet établissement de prestige concourt à l'excellence ; la carte est inventive, le décor d'une luxueuse sobriété, le chef allie charme et mystère pour exercer son art. Ce haut lieu de la gastronomie devient le cadre d'une idylle entre le chef et l'américaine, mais arrive octobre 1929, la jeune photographe doit rentrer au bercail car son père est ruiné. Pour toujours ?
Pour les adultes
De bons moments en perspective : durant tout le mois de juillet, deux jeunes bavanais liront des histoires aux petits… Fermeture annuelle en août. Réouverture le mercredi 2 septembre 2015, avec la reprise des Petits Lutins (17h00). Avis à nos lecteurs ! Jeudi 17 septembre 2015 à la bibliothèque, nous aurons le plaisir de recevoir Élise Fischer, romancière lorraine… N'hésitez pas à relire ses ouvrages afin de vous préparer à sa visite !
NOUVEAUTE A BAVANS
PLACE NETTE
Evacuation déchets verts et autres, encombrants, vide maisons, caves, greniers, etc..
Mr TISSOT : 03.81.92.61.59 OU 06.61.54.99.08 25550 Bavans
Docteurs GROSSETETE / CROITORU
LES HORAIRES D'ÉTÉ 2015 des commerces et professions de santé
JUILLET
Congés du Docteur CROITORU
AOUT
Congés du Docteur GROSSETETE
Généralistes
du 1er au 9 août inclus du 17 au 26 juillet inclus
INFOS MAIRIE - CCAS
Indemnités de vos élus locaux
Les indemnités de vos élus sont calculées par référence au barème défini aux articles L 2123-23 et L 2123-24 du Code Général des Collectivités Territoriales qui fixe le taux maximal à 55 % de l'indice brut 1015 pour le maire et 22 % du même indice pour les adjoints.
Lors du Conseil Municipal d'installation du 16/04/2014, il a été décidé de fixer ce taux à 50% pour le maire et 20% pour les adjoints (26 voix pour, 1 abstention). Par rapport à 2013, le montant global des indemnités a baissé de 18 % pour 2014 (notre mandat a commencé en cours d'année) et 24 % pour 2015.
Rentrée scolaire 2015-2016
Rappel des horaires de tonte et bricolage occasionnant du bruit :
Lundi à vendredi :
8h30-12h00 et
14h00-19h30
Samedi :
9h00-12h00
15h00-19h30
Dimanche :
10h00-12h00
Les jardins d'IDéES
Vente de légumes le mercredi de 8h00 à 19h00
non-stop
5 bis rue Sous Roches
25550 Bavans
La rentrée scolaire 2015-2016 sera marquée par le regroupement des écoles élémentaires par transfert des classes de l'école Champerriet à Bel-Air, à côté de l'école Claire Radreau. Ces deux bâtiments formeront un établissement permettant de regrouper les fratries en limitant les allées et venues sur les sites et créera un vrai pôle éducatif sur les hauts de Bavans avec le gymnase et la bibliothèque sur place. Les travaux de réfection et d'isolation ont débuté début juin. Les locaux de Champerriet accueilleront les associations, la MPT et la PMI. Pour ce qui est de l'école maternelle et du multi-accueil, rien ne change. Bonnes vacances.
Modification des horaires des 4 déchetteries fixes de PMA
A compter du 6 juillet 2015, les horaires d'ouverture des 4 déchetteries fixes de Pays de Montbéliard Agglomération (Montbéliard, Seloncourt, Vieux-Charmont, Voujeaucourt) sont ainsi modifiés :
,
Période été (avril-octobre) : lundi, mercredi, jeudi, vendredi : 9h-12h / 14h-17h45,mardi : 14h-17h45
samedi : 9h-12h / 13h30-18h15
Période hiver (janvier-mars et novembre-décembre) : lundi, mercredi, jeudi, vendredi : 9h-12h / 13h30-17h15
mardi : 13h30-17h15,samedi : 9h-12h / 13h-17h15
Plus d'info sur agglo-montbeliard.fr rubrique DECHETS
Propreté et environnement
La propreté de notre village n'est pas l'affaire exclusive des services techniques. Nous nous efforçons de maintenir propres nos trottoirs, espaces verts et points R. Certaines familles entretiennent les abords de leur propriété (désherbage, balayage,…). Nous les remercions mais ce n'est pas le réflexe de tous. Combien ramassent les crottes de leurs chiens sur les espaces verts et les trottoirs ? Un minimum de civisme serait bienvenu et permettrait de vivre quotidiennement dans un cadre plus propre.
Calendrier collectes 2ème semestre 2015
(1) Pour la collecte des encombrants en porte à porte, appeler le numéro de téléphone gratuit depuis un poste fixe (0800.10.05.10 du lundi au vendredi : 8h-12h ; 13h-17h) au moins 48h avant la date prévue.
(2) Horaires déchetterie mobile : du
1er janvier au 28 mars : 14h-17h du 30 mars au 24 octobre : 15h-18h
du 26 octobre au 31 décembre :
14h-17h.
Pour toutes questions concernant les différentes collectes : N° Vert 0 800 10 05 10
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#OBJET: COMMUNAUTÉ FRANÇAISE – A.S.B.L. ATELIER 340 MUZEUM – SUBSIDES 2012#
Le collège,
Vu sa décision du 24.04.2012 (B/0728) ayant pour objet : Communauté française – ASBL Atelier 340 Muzeum – subsides ;
Considérant que ce subside est accordé en vue de soutenir les activités qui contribuent à la diversité de l’offre culturelle sur le territoire jettois ;
Considérant que l’Atelier 340 Muzeum respecte sa volonté de développer sur le territoire de la commune de Jette un centre d’art contemporain qui intègre un centre de documentation consacré à l’art tridimensionnel contemporain accessible aux chercheurs, et que ces activités s’intègrent dans la diversification de l’offre culturelle ;
Attestant de la bonne tenue des activités et expositions organisées par l’Atelier 340 Muzeum tant à l’étranger qu’en Belgique et qu’à l’occasion de celles-ci, la commune de Jette est mentionnée en tant que partenaire privilégié et promoteur de l’art contemporain ;
Vu le rapport positif rédigé à l’attention du service Communauté française, à l’occasion de la visite de l’exposition « Approches aux Constellations » à Katowice et qui sera montée à l’Atelier 340 Muzeum à Jette, le 12 octobre prochain ;
Sur proposition du service de la Communauté française :
Décide d’octroyer 50% du montant du solde restant dû, à savoir 7.500,00 € à imputer à l’article 760/332/02 du budget 2012 voté par le conseil communal en date du 21/12/2011.
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Vec: Oznámenie o výrube drevín
V zmysle § 47 ods. 7 Zákona č. 543/2002 Z. z. o ochrane prírody a krajiny v znení neskorších predpisov Vám
oznamujeme
plánovaný výrub drevín, nachádzajúcich sa v brehovom poraste vodného toku Selecký potok (rkm 10,300-10,400) v k. ú. Selec na pozemku C-KN parc. č. 2485/2 (GPS: od 48.787400, 17.990457 do 48.786905, 17.990322), ktorého vlastníkom je Slovenský vodohospodársky podnik, štátny podnik, Radničné námestie 8, Banská Štiavnica, PSČ 969 55, SR, (pozemok je v zastavanom území a druh pozemku je vodná plocha), v nasledujúcom zložení:
| P. č. | Drevina | Obvod kmeňa¹ (cm) |
|------|--------------------------------|-------------------|
| 1 | Malus domestica - jabloň domáca | 150 |
| 2 | Betula pendula - breza biela | 100 |
| | (dvojkeň) | 85 |
| 3 | Betula pendula - breza biela | 85 |
| 4 | Pinus nigra - borovica čierna | 76 |
| 5 | Pinus nigra - borovica čierna | 135 |
| 6 | Betula pendula - breza biela | 106 |
| 7 | Betula pendula - breza biela | 110 |
| 8 | Picea abies - smrek obyčajný | 106 |
| 9 | Abies alba - jedľa biela | 76 |
| 10 | Pinus nigra - borovica čierna | 103 |
| 11 | Abies alba - jedľa biela | 70 |
| 12 | Pinus nigra - borovica čierna | 105 |
| 13 | Pinus nigra - borovica čierna | 118 |
| 14 | Pinus nigra - borovica čierna | 97 |
| 15 | Picea pungens - smrek pichlavý | 94 |
| 16 | Pinus nigra - borovica čierna | 76 |
¹ obvod kmeňa, meraný vo výške 130 cm nad zemou.
Dňa 10.11.2020 sa na Obecnom úrade v Selci uskutočnilo pracovné rokovanie, spojené s miestnym zistovaním, za účasti zástupcov Obce Selec, Slovenského vodohospodárskeho podniku, š.p., OZ Piešťany a Štátnej ochrany prírody CHKO Biele Karpaty, za účelom prerokovania výrubu stromov v brehovom poraste Seleckého potoka v predmetnej lokalite.
Na základe miestneho zistovania bolo posúdené, že uvedené dreviny z dôvodu, že rastú šikmo v brehovom poraste, a taktiež čiastočne aj z dôvodu zdravotného stavu, predstavujú v prípade vyvrátenia potenciálne nebezpečenstvo pre príahlé objekty a pre poškodenie úpravy vodného toku. Zástupca ŠOP SR s výrubom drevín súhlasil a dreviny, určené na výrub, boli v zmysle podmienok § 17 vyhlášky č. 24/2003 Z. z. vyznačené oranžovou farbou.
Odstránenie dreviny bude vykonané v rámci preventívnych protipovodňových opatrení za účelom zlepšenia prietočnosti koryta vodného toku, pričom táto povinnosť nám vyplýva z § 48, odst. 4, písm. c. zákona č. 364/2004 Z. z. o vodách v znení neskorších predpisov a zároveň z dôvodu preventívnej ochrany zdravia osôb a majetku v súkromnom vlastníctve.
Odstránenie drevín budeme realizovať v mimovegetačnom období do 31. marca 2022.
Po uskutočnení pracovného stretnutia bol na SVP, š.p., OZ Piešťany doručený podnet obyvateľa obce Selec, ktorý s výrubom nesúhlasí. Z dôvodu objektívneho posúdenia výrubu, Vám, ako príslušnému správnemu orgánu, uvedený podnet zasielame v prílohe.
S pozdravom
SLOVENSKÝ VODOHOSPODÁRSKY PODNIK,
štátny podnik
Oblastný zavod Piešťany
Nábrežie Ivana Krasku 3/834
921 80 Piešťany -86-
Ing. Stanislav Bilčík
riaditeľ
Správa povodia stredného Váhu II.
Prílohy:
1. Záznam z rokovania
2. Podnet Ing. Filipa Kubiša
Na vedomie:
1. Štátna ochrana prírody SR, Správa CHKO Biele Karpaty, Trenčianska 31, 914 41 Nemšová
2. Obec Selec, 913 36 Selec 73
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COMMISSIONE DELLE COMUNITÀ EUROPEE
Bruxelles, 20.6.2001 COM(2001) 313 definitivo
COMUNICAZIONE DELLA COMMISSIONE AL CONSIGLIO, AL PARLAMENTO EUROPEO AL COMITATO ECONOMICO E SOCIALE E AL COMITATO DELLE REGIONI
Politiche sociali e del mercato del lavoro: una strategia d'investimento nella qualità
COMUNICAZIONE DELLA COMMISSIONE AL CONSIGLIO, AL PARLAMENTO EUROPEO AL COMITATO ECONOMICO E SOCIALE E AL COMITATO DELLE REGIONI
Politiche sociali e del mercato del lavoro: una strategia d'investimento nella qualità
INTRODUZIONE
L'idea di base del modello sociale europeo è la qualità. Essa costituisce un elemento chiave della promozione dell'occupazione in un'economia competitiva che favorisca l'integrazione e che si fondi sulla conoscenza.
La qualità rispecchia la volontà non solo di garantire norme minime, ma di promuovere un loro rafforzamento e una più equa ripartizione dei risultati. E i risultati ci sono e riguardano l'economia, il posto di lavoro, la sfera privata, la società in genere, mirando al perseguimento, in maniera durevole, di due traguardi contemporaneamente, quelli della competitività e della coesione, e al conseguimento di manifesti vantaggi economici derivanti dall'investimento nelle risorse umane e nell'attuazione di regimi sociali solidi ed efficaci.
L'agenda della politica sociale
Gli assi prioritari dell'agenda della politica sociale della Commissione sono la promozione della qualità come motore di un'economia dinamica, la crescita in termini quanititativi e qualitativi dell'occupazione e l'attuazione di una società che favorisca l'integrazione, "estendendo la nozione di qualità - con cui il mondo imprenditoriale ha già una certa dimestichezza - all'intera sfera economica e sociale per contribuire al miglioramento delle interrelazioni tra politiche economiche e sociali".
La presente comunicazione sviluppa ulteriormente alcune delle dimensioni chiave dell'agenda della politica sociale e taluni obiettivi della strategia adottata a Lisbona e confermata dai vertici di Nizza e Stoccolma, fornendo un'ampia base analitica e un quadro per le attività future.
Sia l'agenda per la politica sociale che la strategia di Lisbona sottolineano l'importanza di garantire un'interazione positiva, un effetto di consolidamento reciproco, tra le nostre politiche economiche, sociali e dell'occupazione. Il Consiglio europeo di Lisbona si prefigge innanzitutto la costruzione di un'economia basata sulla conoscenza, nel rispetto dei principi della competitività, del dinamismo e della coesione. Tra gli obiettivi generali del Consiglio, la promozione della piena occupazione, migliorando non solo quantitativamente, ma anche qualitativamente le opportunità di lavoro.
La modernizzazione del modello sociale europeo e l'investimento nelle risorse umane costituiscono alcuni degli aspetti centrali della realizzazione degli orientamenti generali del vertice di Lisbona in materia economica e sociale. Un elemento costitutivo è la creazione di Stati sociali attivi. Nelle sue conclusioni, il Consiglio europeo di Stoccolma ha sottolineato che "regimi sociali concepiti in maniera adeguata e funzionanti possono essere considerati fattori produttivi in quanto offrono una sicurezza a dispetto dei cambiamenti. Ciò impone un processo costante di modernizzazione del modello sociale europeo sulla base dell'agenda sociale europea".
Affrontare la sfida
Porre l'accento sulla qualità nell'agenda per la politica sociale significa sostenerne la modernizzazione, garantire la complementarità dinamica e positiva delle politiche economiche e sociali ed affrontare su tali basi le sfide della globalizzazione, dell'allargamento e delle rapide evoluzioni tecnologiche, sociali e demografiche. Nelle sue conclusioni, il Consiglio di Nizza sostiene che "per affrontare queste nuove sfide, l'agenda deve ... mettere
l'accento sulla promozione della qualità in tutti i campi della politica sociale. La qualità della formazione, delle condizioni di lavoro, dei rapporti di lavoro e della politica sociale costituiscono nel loro insieme fattori essenziali perché l'Unione europea possa raggiungere gli obiettivi che si è prefissata riguardo alla competitività e alla piena occupazione".
Secondo l'agenda per la politica sociale europea "la qualità del lavoro significa migliori offerte di impiego e un maggior equilibrio nel conciliare vita lavorativa e sfera privata. La qualità della politica sociale implica un elevato livello di protezione sociale, servizi sociali efficaci, accessibili a tutti i cittadini europei, opportunità concrete per tutti e la garanzia del rispetto dei diritti sociali fondamentali. Allo scopo è necessaria l'adozione di efficaci politiche sociali e dell'occupazione per sostenere la produttività e facilitare l'adeguamento alle nuove situazioni. Tali politiche esplicheranno inoltre un ruolo essenziale per assicurare la piena transizione all'economia basata sulla conoscenza". Tale strategia assume un'importanza cruciale nel contesto dell'allargamento dell'Unione: l'esigenza di un modello sociale modernizzato e perfezionato è determinante sia per i paesi candidati all'adesione che per gli attuali Stati membri.
Quadro d'azione
La presente comunicazione affronta il problema della qualità sotto un'ampia gamma di aspetti, nel contesto dell'agenda per la politica sociale europea, il cui obiettivo primario è, nel caso specifico, la promozione della qualità nell'ambito del lavoro. Il Consiglio di Nizza ha concluso, attirando l'interesse dell'opinione pubblica sul "conseguimento della qualità nel lavoro e sulla sua importanza ai fini della crescite economica, in quanto importante fattore di attrattività e di incentivo al lavoro... (riferendosi in particolare alle condizioni di lavoro, alla protezione della salute e della sicurezza, al livello di retribuzione, alla parità dei sessi, all'equilibrio tra flessibilità e sicurezza del posto di lavoro, alle relazioni sociali)". Il Consiglio europeo di Nizza ha sottolineato inoltre l'esigenza che l'evoluzione dei salari rifletta quella della produttività e sia compatibile con la stabilità dei prezzi.
Analogo è stato il tono delle conclusioni del vertice di Stoccolma: "ripristinare la piena occupazione non implica soltanto una maggiore attenzione rivolta all'aspetto quantitativo del lavoro, ma anche a quello qualitativo... ivi inclusa la parità di opportunità per i disabili, la parità di trattamento tra i sessi, un'organizzazione del lavoro efficace e flessibile che consenta di conciliare al meglio lavoro e sfera privata, l'apprendimento lungo l'intero arco della vita, la protezione della salute e della sicurezza sul posto di lavoro, la partecipazione dei lavoratori e la diversità nella vita professionale". Nelle sue conclusioni, il Consiglio di Stoccolma propone di "inserire [la qualità del lavoro] tra gli obiettivi generali delle linee direttive per l'occupazione per il 2002", affermando che "Consiglio e Commissione svilupperanno congiuntamente indicatori relativi alla qualità del lavoro e definiranno in maggior dettaglio gli indicatori quantitativi; i risultati di tali attività saranno presentati in tempo utile per il prossimo Consiglio europeo di Laeken".
Con la presente comunicazione s'intende portare avanti l'impegno assunto con l'agenda per la politica sociale, al fine di promuovere la qualità nelle politiche sociali e dell'occupazione, mirando innanzitutto:
– a definire un chiaro approccio nei confronti dell'obiettivo della politica di migliorare la qualità del lavoro (nonché dell'attuazione di tale politica).
– a stabilire un insieme consistente e coerente di indicatori relativi alla qualità del lavoro, al fine di consolidare l'efficacia e l'efficienza della politica nel perseguire l'obiettivo di un più elevato livello di qualità del lavoro. Tale esercizio farà ricorso agli indicatori già in uso, ma proporrà la messa a punto anche di altri che potranno essere utilizzati nel quadro della strategia europea dell'occupazione. La parità di trattamento tra uomini e donne costituisce un principio orizzontale fondamentale di tale esercizio.
– A garantire che l'obliettivo di un livello di qualità più elevato sia pienamente e coerentemente integrato nelle politica sociale e dell'occupazione tramite revisioni periodiche della qualità.
Promuovendo obiettivi più elevati in materia di qualità ed investendo in strategie mirate, la Commissione intende incoraggiare ed aiutare gli Stati membri ad accelerare il ritmo del miglioramento della qualità della vita in seno all'Unione, in ambito sia professionale che extraprofessionale, e proporre ai paesi candidati all'adesione sfide appropriate.
Nella prima parte, la comunicazione affronta la questione del nesso esistente tra qualità del lavoro e modernizzazione del modello sociale europeo. Quindi passa a definire il concetto di qualità e ad analizzare lo sviluppo degli indicatori della qualità del lavoro. Infine, si occupa dell'applicazione e dell'utilizzo di tali definizioni e indicatori tramite un processo di verifica della qualità.
LA QUALITÀ NEL LAVORO E LA MODERNIZZAZIONE DEL MODELLO SOCIALE EUROPEO
La promozione della qualità nelle politiche sociali e dell'occupazione costituisce pertanto un fattore determinante per il raggiungimento degli obiettivi di un'offerta di opportunità di lavoro sia qualitativamente che quantitativamente migliori, della creazione di un'economia competitiva basata sulla coesione e sulla conoscenza e della garanzia di una positiva interazione tra politiche economiche, sociali e dell'occupazione. In tal senso, la qualità puo', e deve, andare di pari passo con un miglioramento del grado di efficienza, in particolare, delle finanze pubbliche e degli incentivi sul mercato del lavoro.
Le poliche sociali 1 non vanno viste come il mero risultato di una strategia economica positiva, bensi' al contempo anche come un valore aggiunto ed un contesto di lavoro. Per modernizzazione del modello sociales'intende, pertanto, la sua evoluzione e il suo adeguamento, alla luce dei rapidi sviluppi della nuova economia e della nuova società, garantendo un'adeguata sinergia tra politiche economiche e sociali.
Numerosi aspetti della modernizzazione del modello sociale esercitano un potenziale effetto positivo sulla qualità dell'occupazione -investimenti sociali e trasferimenti sociali inclusi.Di conseguenza, la ricerca di impieghi più numerosi e di qualità superiore e di risultati economici più positivi non va dissociata dagli obiettivi generali della modernizzazione del modello sociale europeo, che, assumendo forme diverse nell'ambito dell'Unione, ha contribuito in maniera determinante a mantenere una crescita costante della produttività e dei tenori di vita nell'insieme dell'Unione, nonché a garantire un'equa ripartizione dei suoi benefici.
1 Esse coprono le spese sostenute per pensioni, sanità e aiuti ai disabili, alle famiglie, ai disoccupati, per l'alloggio, nonchè per le misure d'integrazione, istruzione e formazione
I cittadini europei sono pertanto largamente consapevoli dell'importanza di tale obiettivo, analogamente al resto del mondo, paesi candidati inclusi. Tale consapevolezza ha facilitato l'adattamento al cambiamento in passato e contribuisce ora a rendere più facile la transizione dell'Europa verso l'economia basata sulla conoscenza. Va inoltre sottolineato che i cittadini dei paesi candidati che sono alle prese con il difficile processo di transizione, considerano la strategia sociale europea come il modo più efficace di costruire una società moderna, basata sull'integrazione sociale.
Attualmente sono già in corso diversi processi di modernizzazione al fine di sostenere e promuovere la modernizzazione del modello sociale europeo; tra questi, il processo di Lussemburgo in materia di occupazione, i metodi aperti di coordinamento relativi all'esclusione sociale e alla protezione sociale, gli attuali progressi in materia di parità di trattamento e l'impegno per tutelare la salute e la sicurezza.
Caratteristiche del modello sociale europeo
Il modello sociale europeo si distingue dagli altri per struttura e impostazione, per la sua propria natura, per l'orientamento e la ripartizione delle politiche. Non si distingue invece dai sistemi sociali di altri paesi per quanto riguarda il volume di spesa, bensi' per i metodi di finanziamento. Le principali differenze a livello di spesa sociale tra i paesi industrializzati, segnatamente Europa e Stati Uniti, riguardano il tipo di finanziamento - prevalentemente pubblico in Europa, a carattere nettamente più privato negli Stati Uniti, benché in questi ultimi la spesa privata sia in parte a tutti gli effetti obbligatoria. Tuttavia, l'Europa è caratterizzata da una più equa ripartizione delle prestazioni rispetto agli Stati Uniti, dove, ad esempio, il 40% della popolazione non ha diritto alle cure mediche primarie, benché la spesa pro capite rappresenti in termini reali una percentuale del PIL più elevata che in Europa. 2
Le stime relative ai costi reali delle politiche sociali sono state spesso distorte in quanto non sempre si è tenuto conto di fattori quali la tassazione o meno dei trasferimenti sociali o l'esistenza o meno di una spesa privata obbligatoria in materia di assicurazione e salute. Analisi approfondite realizzate di recente sulla spesa sociale 3 hanno rivelato che la maggior parte dei paesi industrializzati - ivi inclusa la maggior parte degli Stati membri dell'UE e degli SU, investono a pari livello (il 24% circa del PIL in termini reali) in infrastrutture, fondi e trasferimenti sociali (vedasi grafico 3) e qualcosa come il 5% e più nell'istruzione (vedasi grafico 6). 4
Le politiche sociali esplicano funzioni di ordine sia economico che sociale, dove l'occupazione e il livello di reddito fungono da nesso fondamentale. Molte di esse consistono dunque in investimenti sul piano sociale, in particolare nel campo dell'istruzione e della salute, con un impatto diretto e un valore aggiunto al sistema economico e sulle cifre dell'occupazione. Allo stesso tempo, i trasferimenti sociali sono importanti non solo agli effetti di una riduzione dell'incidenza e dei costi dell'esclusione sociale, bensì di un contributo alla capacità di adattamento e di reazione al cambiamento, consentendo in tal modo di conciliare in termini concreti flessibilità e sicurezza sul posto di lavoro e sul mercato del lavoro in genere. Modernizzare il modo in cui il modello sociale attua gli investimenti e il sostegno passivo puo' dunque esercitare un effetto positivo sulla qualità dell'occupazione.
2 Relazione sul totale della spesa sociale netta, OCSE 1999
4 Il benessere delle nazioni -il ruolo del capitale umano e sociale- OCSE 2001
3 I grafici dell'allegato I illustrano i punti essenziali -cfr. Atti della conferenza "Politiche sociali e del mercato del lavoro: investire nella qualità", 22-23 febbraio, sito internet Europa
Investimenti sociali adeguatamente programmati, come pure altre forme d'investimento, possono contribuire all'aumento della produttività, del tenore di vita e della crescita. Cio' si manifesta ad un livello macroeconomico, dove gli investimenti sociali nel campo dell'istruzione e risultati economici generali sono positivamente correlati 5 . Studi analitici sui determinanti della crescita economica e dell'aumento dei livelli di vita dimostrano in genere l'importanza crescente degli investimenti nelle risorse umane e nella formazione 6 .
Ai fini del miglioramento della qualità del lavoro e della crescita della produttività sono importanti sia i livelli di conoscenza di base che più elevati livelli di qualificazione, in particolare, quelli che corrispondono ai nuovi bisogni del mercato del lavoro, come la capacità di svolgere dei compiti complessi con flessibilità, in un ambiente di lavoro moderno, e non solo di effettuare lavori ripetitivi collegati con l'impiego dei macchinari. Recenti indagini sul livello di formazione -che cercano di valutare questi tipi di capacità in vari modi- segnalano sostanziali differenze tra i paesi dell'OCSE, non solo in termini di livelli generali di prestazioni, ma anche nel grado di "diseguaglianza" tra la popolazione 7 ; si constata infatti una correlazione importante tra la diseguale ripartizione dei livelli di alfabetizzazione 4 e la conseguente inequa ripartizione dei redditi -un'ulteriore riprova dello stretto legame esistente tra livelli di competenza e livelli salariali (vedasi grafico 7).
Esiste un netto rapporto tra un basso livello di qualificazione o addirittura la mancanza di ogni formazione e le prospettive d'impiego, da un lato, e un basso livello di retribuzione e la povertà, dall'altro. Inoltre, la carenza di personale altamente qualificato tende a gonfiare i salari fino a raggiungere i massimi livelli della scala di reddito, mentre un'eccedenza di manodopera scarsamente o per nulla qualificata tende ad abbassarli ai minimi livelli. Aumenta di conseguenza il bisogno di interventi sociali per elevare il reddito delle famiglie a salari bassi ad un livello minimo socialmente accettabile.
Nonostante le prove di cui sopra, e a dispetto dell'ampio sostegno popolare costante ai sistemi sociali europei, i vantaggi delle politiche sociali di elevata qualità attuate in Europa e l'interesse che esse annettono alla qualità del lavoro sono spesso considerati come scontati o addirittura sottovalutati. In genere, vi è la tendenza a dimenticare o ignorare quella che potrebbe essere la situazione opposta, vale a dire i costi che comporterebbe la assenza di una simile politica. Vi è la tendenza inoltre a sottovalutare la necessità di intensificare l'aiuto e gli investimenti sociali a breve termine, alla luce dei rapidi mutamenti a livello sociale, economico e industriale, per evitare "sprechi" e la sottoutilizzazione delle capacità in risorse umane -il che conferma ancora una volta i benefici potenziali della modernizzazione delle politiche sociali.
DEFINIRE LA QUALITÀ NELL'AMBITO DEL LAVORO
La qualità del lavoro - impieghi di qualità - non significa solo considerare le opportunità di impiego retribuito, ma anche le caratteristiche di tale impiego. Si tratta di un concetto relativo
5 Vedasi contributo della Commissione al Consiglio europeo di Lisbona - agenda per il rinnovamento economico e sociale dell'Europa - 28 febbraio 2000.
7 Le differenze di reddito sono molto più evidenti negli Stati Uniti che nell'UE benchè si constati un certo allargamento delle differenze in diversi paesi dell'UE-Politica sociale e risultati economici, L' AIA, 2000; Prospettive dell'occupazione dell'OCSE, 2001, da pubblicare
6 OCSE e statistiche Canada (2000). L'alfabetizzazione nell'era dell'informazione. Relazione finale dell'indagine internazionale sulla formazione degli adulti.
e al contempo pluridimensionale. In termini più ampi, esso significa prendere in considerazione
– le caratteristiche oggettive del posto di lavoro, sia come ambiente di lavoro nel senso più ampio, che le caratteristiche specifiche dell'attività da svolgere;
– le caratteristiche del lavoratore, come specifiche che esso apporta al posto che occupa;
– la sintonia tra le caratteristiche specifiche del lavoratore e i requisiti per svolgere quell'attività;
– nonché la valutazione soggettiva (grado di soddisfazione personale) di tali caratteristiche ad opera del singolo lavoratore.
Pertanto, una strategia più ampia nei confronti della qualità del lavoro implica non solo l'aspetto della retribuzione e delle norme minime, ma anche un miglioramento in genere, ivi incluse sia le peculiarità del singolo posto di lavoro che quelle di un ambiente di lavoro nel senso più ampio del termine, nonchè il funzionamento del mercato del lavoro nel suo insieme, segnatamente a livello interprofessionale che di mobilità. Data la sua natura relativa e al contempo multidimensionale, non potrà esistere un'unica misura o un unico indicatore della qualità dell'occupazione. Inoltre, l'interesse nei confronti delle diverse dimensioni varierà a seconda delle circostanze e delle aspettative.
Non esiste quindi una definizione normalizzata o concordata della qualità del lavoro nella letteratura accademica e specializzata. Data la mancanza di qualsivoglia misura unica composita, la maggior parte degli studi adottano e propongono diverse dimensioni chiave della qualità del lavoro. Queste interessano spesso sia le caratteristiche specifiche del posto di lavoro (retribuzione, orario, qualifiche richieste, contenuto) che gli aspetti dell'ambiente di lavoro in senso più lato (condizioni di lavoro, formazione, prospettive di avanzamento professionale, assicurazione malattia, ecc.) 8 . Alcune ricerche sono incentrate esclusivamente sul grado di soddisfazione personale come misure sommarie della qualità generale del lavoro basata sul giudizio del singolo lavoratore 9 .
Sia le politiche nazionali che quelle dell'UE sono già consapevoli dell'importanza dei diversi fattori di qualità del lavoro. Gli obiettivi dell'agenda per la politica sociale e la strategia di Lisbona indicano, tuttavia, la necessità di ricercare un metodo più coerente e di raggiungere un più ampio consenso riguardo ai principali aspetti della qualità nell'ambito del lavoro. In tal modo sarà possibile valutare in maniera coerente il grado di importanza che le politiche nazionali o comunitarie attribuiscono alla realizzazione degli obiettivi di qualità, fornendo il loro contributo in tal senso, nonché l'impatto economico e sociale della realizzazione di tali obiettivi nei loro diversi aspetti.
Al fine di fornire un quadro di analisi della qualità del lavoro, identificando obiettivi politici precisi e relative norme e sviluppando appropriati indicatori sulla cui base misurare le
8 Clark (1998), Gli indicatori della soddisfazione professionale.Quali sono le caratteristiche di un buon impiego? Osservazioni raccolte in certi paesi dell' OCSE. OCSE, Parigi
9 Hamermesh(1999), The changing distribution of job satisfaction, National Bureau of Economic Research
Leontaridi and Sloane (2000), Measuring the quality of jobs: Promotion aspects career and job satisfaction, Centre for European Labour Market Research, University of Aberdeen
prestazioni, confrontandole con tali obiettivi, si raccomanda di raggruppare i principali componenti della qualità del posto di lavoro in due categorie principali:
Caratteristiche del posto di lavoro: caratteristiche oggettive e intrinseche, ivi compresi: il grado di soddisfazione professionale, la retribuzione, le gratifiche extrasalariali, l'orario di lavoro, le qualifiche, la formazione e le prospettive di carriera professionale, il contenuto del lavoro, l'armonizzazione tra esigenze del posto di lavoro e qualifiche del lavoratore;
Ambiente di lavoro e condizioni sul mercato del lavoro: parità di trattamento dei sessi, protezione della salute e della sicurezza, flessibilità e sicurezza, accesso al lavoro, giusto equilibrio tra lavoro e sfera privata, dialogo sociale e partecipazione dei lavoratori, diversità e non discriminazione.
Alcuni di questi elementi sono valutabili con relativa precisione, mentre altri sono più complessi. Difficile si presenta inoltre valutare o ponderare le due diverse categorie principali e i loro singoli componenti. Sondaggi d'opinione portano tuttavia a concludere che entrambe le categorie sono analogamente importanti.Una simile suddivisione in categorie permette la creazione di un quadro coerente e l'adozione di un metodo unitario. Perché sia possibile raggiungere un consenso in merito a tali obiettivi, è necessario in ogni caso ricorrere ad un'ampia gamma di strumenti politici e alla partecipazione imponente dei protagonisti della politica.
Nel promuovere la qualità del posto di lavoro, allo scopo di creare migliori condizioni di lavoro, non si tratta semplicemente di rafforzare i succitati elementi, bensi' piuttosto di realizzare i nostri obiettivi a medio e lungo termine sul piano economico e sociale. Per concludere, accrescere la qualità del posto di lavoro tramite il perfezionamento professionale e/o un maggior grado di soddisfazione personale può comportare anche un aumento della produttività; una qualità di più alto livello, conciliando al meglio vita professionale e sfera privata e rendendo più attraente il lavoro, può contribuire ad una crescita del tasso di occupazione globale, nonché di quello femminile e dei lavoratori più anziani; una migliore qualità può contribuire a rafforzare la capacità di inserimento professionale e l'adattabilità, può facilitare l'innovazione nel campo organizzativo e l'accesso al lavoro. Migliorare il livello di qualità può, in conclusione, entrare a far parte di un circolo virtuoso di aumento della produttività, elevando il tenore di vita e consolidando stabilmente la crescita economica.
LA QUALITÀ DEL LAVORO: DATI E INDICATORI
Misurare la qualità
Attribuire la giusta importanza al fattore qualità non significa trascurare o sottovalutare i metodi attuali più convenzionali per misurare il grado di successo. Le statistiche economiche tradizionali, quali il calcolo della produttività per ora di lavoro o per reddito pro capite, sono largamente applicate per misurare i risultati di tale strategia sul piano economico e sociale e il relativo grado di efficacia, come testimoniano gli indicatori strutturali della Comunità.
Tuttavia, un maggiore interesse nei confronti della qualità implica la presa in considerazione di una più ampia gamma di fattori, cercando in genere di quantificare, laddove possibile, gli elementi più qualitativi.
Benchè permangano tutt'ora difficoltà reali, di ordine pratico, non mancano progressi in tal senso.Ad esempio, è possibile ora modificare gli schemi di calcolo del reddito nazionale alla luce di costi e benefici prodotti da fattori esterni, segnatamente in relazione ad uno sviluppo
sostenibile e all'ambiente, nonchè dei cambiamenti intervenuti a livello di qualità dei prodotti e dei servizi, per meglio misurare la produttività.
Progressi realizzati nel miglioramento della qualità del lavoro
Negli ultimi anni, la situazione sul mercato del lavoro è migliorata, da un punto di vista non solo quantitativo, bensì anche qualitativo. Lo testimoniano i risultati di indagini sulla manodopera e sulle famiglie 10 .
I miglioramenti nella qualità dell'offerta di manodopera europea sono riconducibili in gran parte ad una crescente domanda di posti di lavoro altamente qualificati che richiedono un elevato livello di formazione e di competenza, di una relativa sicurezza del posto di lavoro, della possibilità di conciliare al meglio vita professionale e vita privata, di un accesso alla formazione e di possibilità di avanzamento nella carriera professionale, di un'elevata produttività e di una retribuzione più che sufficiente.
I timori che la crescita dell'occupazione nel settore dei servizi possa portare ad un'eccedenza di posti di lavoro "senza prospettive "e di qualità mediocre, non si sono concretizzati. Come negli Stati Uniti, anche in Europa si assiste ad un' offerta di impieghi sia altamente qualificati che scarsamente qualificati 11 . Forme di occupazione "atipiche", come il lavoro a tempo parziale o contratti di lavoro a tempo determinato sembrano essere in molti casi anche se non in tutti, il risultato di scelte individuali 12 .
Le incertezze riguardo alla qualità dei posti di lavoro e all'esclusione sociale non sono tuttavia ancora oggi immotivate. La crescente importanza di modelli di lavoro nuovi e flessibili può entrare in contrasto con alcuni dei componenti principali della qualità del lavoro, quali, ad esempio, la sicurezza del posto di lavoro, le opportunità di specializzazione e le prospettive di carriera. La sfida consiste nel conciliare flessibilità e sicurezza in modo tale che i lavoratori e le imprese possano beneficiarne in egual misura. Importanti sono in tale contesto un'adeguata formazione, la formazione permanente e gli investimenti nelle risorse umane. Nuove forme di lavoro possono, qualora scelte liberamente dal lavoratore stesso, offrire la flessibilità per rispondere alle esigenze e agli interessi del singolo e della sua famiglia. Riguardo alle condizioni di lavoro e in particolare alla tutela della salute e della sicurezza sul posto di lavoro, restano dei progressi da realizzare. Mentre il rischio generale nei confronti della salute e della sicurezza sul posto di lavoro si è attenuato negli ultimi anni, sono emersi contemporaneamente nuovi rischi e sollecitazioni connesse con forme sempre nuove di occupazione e ritmi sempre più serrati nello svolgimento del lavoro 13 .
Le preoccupazioni circa la qualità del lavoro sono strettamente connesse con i timori per la segmentazione del mercato del lavoro e l'esclusione sociale. Anche se il lavoro retribuito rappresenta da sempre la migliore protezione contro la povertà e l'esclusione sociale, è altrettanto vero che esiste uno stretto legame tra quest'ultima e la qualità del posto di lavoro. I lavoratori che occupano impieghi di qualità mediocre, che richiedono un basso livello di competenza o addirittura nessuna formazione, abbinate a condizioni contrattuali a tempo
10 L'occupazione in Europa 2001 (di prossima pubblicazione): segmenti salariali bassi e alti, reddito da lavoro, mobilità e qualità del posto di lavoro. LoWER Network Report 2001.
12 Prossima relazione L'occupazione in Europa 2001 (di prossima pubblicazione).
11 Rapporti economici del presidente, Stati Uniti (annuali, cfr rapporti successivi più recenti); L'occupazione in Europa e L'occupazione in Europa 2001 (di prossima pubblicazione); Prospettive dell'occupazione dell'OCSE, 2001 (di prossima pubblicazione)
13 Indagine europea sulle condizioni di lavoro (1990, 1995, 2000)
determinato o precarie e a scarse prospettive di avanzamento professionale, sono anche la categoria di lavoratori più a rischio di disoccupazione o di esclusione dalla vita attiva. Oltre all'attuale perdita di posti di lavoro scarsamente qualificati e scarsamente produttivi, ciò dimostra che sarà sempre più difficile integrare nel mercato del lavoro in genere coloro che sono alla ricerca di un impiego ma non dispongono di un adeguato livello di qualificazione.
La maggior parte della popolazione europea si dichiara in genere soddisfatta della propria situazione lavorativa, benché un quarto circa della forza di lavoro giudichi il proprio posto di lavoro qualitativamente inadeguato. È in atto tuttavia una significativa mobilità ascendente e discendente nella scala della qualità del lavoro: un terzo circa delle persone che occupano un posto inadeguato entro un anno lo lasciano per uno migliore, anche se all'incirca una persona su quattro perde il lavoro o è esclusa dalla popolazione attiva.
D'altro canto, le nuove tecnologie sembrano aver contribuito a rivalutare i posti di lavoro dal punto di vista dei contenuti e della soddisfazione professionale, promuovendo contemporaneamente una maggiore autonomia. Sembra inoltre che le donne contendano agli uomini una parte dei posti disponibili meglio retribuiti e più qualificati, con un tasso di partecipazione ai corsi di formazione analogo a quello maschile 14 .
Indicatori della qualità del posto di lavoro
Molti componenti della qualità sono già parte integrante della strategia europea dell'occupazione ed è già disponibile una serie di indicatori con il cui ausilio è possibile misurare la qualità. Per aver un quadro completo della qualità in tutti i suoi aspetti, in maniera coerente e in una forma sufficientemente strutturata, è necessario tuttavia mettere a punto una serie appropriata di indicatori e di condizioni quadro, basate sul consenso riguardo ai nostri obiettivi di qualità. Allo scopo gli indicatori già esistenti vanno abbinati ad altri che necessitano un'ulteriore messa a punto. Solo in questo caso sarà possibile valutare fino a che punto siamo in grado di realizzare i nostri obiettivi politici, nonché decidere se e come cambiare o sviluppare ulteriormente la nostra politica per il fine che ci siamo prefissati.
La Commissione propone pertanto una serie di indicatori relativi a 10 componenti essenziali della qualità nell'ambito delle due grandi categorie, vale a dire le caratteristiche del posto di lavoro da un lato e ambiente di lavoro e condizioni del mercato del lavoro dall'altro.
Con l'ausilio di tali indicatori sarà possibile valutare fino a che punto le politiche degli Stati membri e dell'UE sono riuscite a realizzare gli obiettivi di qualità in questi 10 settori. Con essi si intende anche fornire in genere un metodo più coerente per incorporare il concetto della qualità nelle politiche sociali e dell'occupazione, ricorrendo agli strumenti e ai processi esistenti. Pertanto, nel presente capitolo, oltre agli indicatori, saranno presentati anche gli strumenti politici disponibili con i quali saranno più facilmente perseguibili gli obiettivi di qualità. Ciò garantirà un approccio strutturato e sistematico nei confronti delle finalità, dei meccanismi e degli indicatori politici.
Tali indicatori sono in parte già in uso - gli indicatori strutturali e gli indicatori nel quadro delle direttive sull'occupazione -, mentre altri, basati su fonti di dati esistenti, necessitano di un'ulteriore messa a punto (vedasi allegato). Secondo la Commissione, è comunque
14 Dati Eurobarometro, 1996, e Panel comunitario delle famiglie
importante evitare un'interpretazione semplicistica di tali indicatori 15 , stabilendo invece una chiara relazione con obiettivi, norme e strumenti politici.
Oltre a queste misure concrete, anche dati macroeconomici conservano la loro importanza in quanto l'aumento costante della qualità del lavoro contribuisce a rafforzare i risultati economici, la produttività e il dinamismo dell'Europa. Ne è una conferma la qualità di merci e servizi prodotti e offerti in Europa. Ciò significa che, oltre ad una misurazione dei miglioramenti della qualità del lavoro, va accertato - tramite le normali stime del reddito nazionale sulla base della crescita del PIL -, in che misura aumenta il numero delle persone attive.
Ciò si esprime anche nella positiva e dinamica interazione tra politica economica, sociale e dell'occupazione, nel cosiddetto "triangolo di forze" dell'agenda sociale.
Nel fissare gli indicatori andrebbe normalmente applicata una ripartizione per sesso e, eventualmente, per area regionale, in particolare per quanto riguarda l'integrazione e l'accesso al mercato del lavoro e i risultati economici generali e la produttività.
Categoria I – Caratteristiche del posto di lavoro
Qualità intrinseca del lavoro
Finalità chiave della politica e relative norme: finalizzate a garantire un grado soddisfacente del lavoro dal punto di vista contenutistico, compatibilmente con le qualifiche e le capacità del lavoratore e con l'apporto di un reddito adeguato.
Principali strumenti: politiche sociali ed economiche generali degli Stati membri e dell'UE; indirizzi di massima della politica economica; direttive per l'occupazione; parti sociali.
Indicatori potenziali:
* Soddisfazione personale dei lavoratori, tenendo conto delle caratteristiche del posto di lavoro, del tipo di contratto e dell'orario di lavoro, nonché del livello di competenza rispetto ai requisiti professionali.
* Percentuale dei lavoratori che col passar del tempo avanzano nella carriera fino a raggiungere un livello di reddito più elevato.
* Salari bassi e salari che non consentono di superare la soglia di povertà; ripartizione del reddito.
Qualifiche, formazione lungo l'intero arco della vita e carriera professionale
Finalità chiave della politica e relative norme: aiutare i lavoratori a sfruttare pienamente le loro capacità tramite un adeguato sostegno con la formazione permanente.
Principali strumenti: istruzione e formazione permanente, quadro regolamentare, ivi compreso il reciproco riconoscimento delle qualifiche.
Potenziali indicatori:
15 Indicatori strutturali, COM 2000 (594 def.), par. 8
* Percentuale dei lavoratori con livello di istruzione medio ed elevato
* Percentuale dei lavoratori che seguono corsi di formazione o altre forme di apprendimento permanente
* Percentuale dei lavoratori che hanno acquisito competenze informatiche di base o superiori.
Categoria II – L'ambiente di lavoro e condizioni del mercato del lavoro
Parità di trattamento di uomini e donne
Finalità chiave della politica e relative norme: Promuovere la parità di opportunità tra uomini e donne quanto all'equivalenza dei posti di lavoro e alla carriera professionale nel corso dell'intera vita lavorativa.
Principali strumenti: Strategia europea dell'occupazione, legislazione, parti sociali, FSE, programmi d'azione.
Potenziali indicatori:
* Differenze salariali tra uomini e donne, adeguate in base a fattori quali settori, branche professionali ed età
* Segregazione professionale tra i due sessi - misura nella quale uomini e donne sono sovrarappresentati o sottorappresentati nei diversi settori e nelle diverse professioni.
* Percentuale di uomini e donne ai diversi livelli gerarchici in professioni e settori, tenendo conto di fattori quali l'età e il livello di formazione.
Protezione della salute e della sicurezza sul lavoro
Finalità chiave della politica e relative norme: Garantire che le condizioni di lavoro rispettino i requisiti in materia di tutela della salute e della sicurezza e le norme in materia di assistenza - dal punto di vista sia psicologico che psichico
Principali strumenti: nuova strategia di salute e sicurezza, legislazione compresa basata sul monitoraggio e sull'analisi comparativa, parti sociali.
Potenziali indicatori:
* Indicatori compositi degli infortuni sul lavoro – incidenti mortali e infortuni gravi – ivi compresi i relativi costi
* Tasso delle malattie professionali, nuovi rischi inclusi, ad esempio, stress da lavoro ripetitivo
* Livelli di stress ed altre difficoltà connesse con le condizioni di lavoro.
Flessibilità e sicurezza
Finalità chiave della politica e relative norme: Incoraggiare un atteggiamento positivo nei confronti del cambiamento sul posto di lavoro e in genere sul mercato del lavoro, garantendo
ai lavoratori che perdono il loro impiego o cercano un'alternativa a questo, un sostegno adeguato. Promuovere il pieno sfruttamento delle capacità e della flessibilità nelle decisioni riguardanti la carriera, grazie al vantaggio della mobilità professionale e geografica, anche sui futuri nuovi mercati europei.
Principali strumenti: metodo aperto di coordinamento, politica fiscale, legislazione, parti sociali; trasferibilità dei diritti alla pensione supplementare, informazione e sostegno da parte di agenzie.
Potenziali indicatori:
Copertura efficace assicurata dai regimi della protezione sociale - condizioni di ammissibilità al diritto e importo delle prestazioni - a favore di coloro che lavorano e di coloro che sono alla ricerca di un impiego
* Percentuale dei lavoratori soggetti a condizioni di lavoro flessibile - dal punto di vista del datore di lavoro e del lavoratore;
* Perdita del posto di lavoro: percentuale dei lavoratori che a causa di un licenziamento si ritrovano senza lavoro e percentuale di coloro che entro un certo lasso di tempo vengono riassunti.
* Percentuale di lavoratori che praticano la mobilità geografica.
Integrazione tramite il lavoro e accesso al mercato del lavoro
Finalità chiave della politica e relative norme : Promuovere nuove opportunità di accesso al mercato del lavoro, facilitando l'inserimento, la reintegrazione dopo un periodo di assenza o ricorrendo ad esso per trovare un altro impiego.
Principali strumenti: Strategia europea dell'occupazione (SEO), servizi pubblici dell'occupazione a livello comunitario, Fondo sociale europeo (FSE), Comunicazione sulla responsabilità sociale delle imprese nonché lavori nel campo dello sviluppo locale.
Potenziali indicatori
* passaggio dei giovani alla vita attiva
* tasso di disoccupazione di lunga durata, in funzione dell'età, del livello d'istruzione, della regione
* strozzature sul mercato del lavoro e mobilità tra settori e professioni.
Organizzazione del lavoro e equilibrio tra vita professionale e sfera privata
Finalità chiave della politica e relative norme: Garantire che le modalità di lavoro, in particolare per quanto riguarda l'orario e i servizi di sostegno, consentano di ottenere un adeguato equilibrio tra vita lavorativa e vita familiare.
Principali strumenti: parti sociali, legislazione, Strategia europea dell'occupazione
Potenziali indicatori:
* Percentuale dei lavoratori soggetti a condizioni di orario flessibile
* Possibilità di congedo di maternità e di congedo parentale e tasso di ricorso a tali possibilità
* Possibilità di accoglienza per bambini dei gruppi di età prescolare e di scuola primaria
Dialogo sociale e partecipazione dei lavoratori
Finalità chiave della politica e relative norme: intese a garantire a tutti i lavoratori un'adeguata informazione sullo sviluppo delle loro imprese e della loro vita professionale, con la possibilità di prendervi parte
Principali strumenti: cooperazione delle parti sociali, legislazione.
Potenziali indicatori:
* Portata dei contratti collettivi e numero delle imprese a livello europeo che dispongono di comitati d'impresa e di rappresentanti dei lavoratori in tali comitati
* Percentuale dei lavoratori che hanno un interesse/una partecipazione finanziaria nell'impresa di cui sono dipendenti
* Giornate di lavoro perse a causa di vertenze di lavoro.
Diversificazione e non discriminazione
Finalità chiave della politica e relative norme: Assicurare la parità di trattamento di tutti i lavoratori senza alcuna discriminazione in base all'età, ad un handicap, alla provenienza etnica, al culto, alle propensioni sessuali.
Principali strumenti: Strategia europea dell'occupazione, parti sociali, programmi d'azione, FSE (EQUAL)
Potenziali indicatori:
* Tassi di occupazione e differenze salariali tra lavoratori più anziani riferiti alla media
* Tassi di occupazione e scarti salariali in persone affette da handicap e persone appartenenti a minoranze etniche, in rapporto alla media
* Informazioni sull'esistenza di procedure di ricorso in materia di mercato del lavoro, nonché su esiti positivi di tali ricorsi.
Risultati economici generali e produttività
Finalità chiave della politica e relative norme: raggiungere elevati livelli di produttività del lavoro e un tenore di vita elevato in tutte le regioni della Comunità.
Principali strumenti: politica economica e politiche strutturali
Potenziali indicatori:
* Produttività oraria media per lavoratore
* Produzione annua media per lavoratore
* Livello di vita medio annuo pro capite, tenuto conto del tasso d'occupazione e del tasso di dipendenza.
Le principali fonti di dati Eurostat sono armonizzate o normalizzate in tutti gli Stati membri.
* Indagine europea sulle forze di lavoro;
* Panel comunitario delle famiglie;
* Altre indagini ad hoc sulla tutela della salute e della sicurezza, sulle condizioni di lavoro, ecc., ivi incluse le indagini Eurobarometro.
In alcuni casi gli indicatori menzionati dianzi, sono già in uso nei processi esistenti, sotto un formato identico o similare e, in altri casi, è ancora da decidere quali dati statistici utilizzare. In alcuni casi si ricorrerà ai dati nazionali (vedasi allegato sulle fonti di dati). Lo sviluppo di tali indicatori dovrà tener conto dell'esigenza di non sovraccaricare ulteriormente sul piano amministrativo o finanziario le autorità competenti degli Stati membri, e in particolare quelle dei paesi candidati all'adesione.
CONTROLLI DELLA QUALITÀ NELLE POLITICHE SOCIALI E DELL'OCCUPAZONE
Gli obiettivi della qualità, gli strumenti e gli indicatori sono già in parte e sotto varia forma entrati a far parte della strategia europea dell'occupazione. Ciò vale innanzitutto per quanto riguarda le direttive in materia di occupazione. Per quanto riguarda in particolare il favorire l'inserimento professionale (pilastro 1 delle direttive), si tratta di migliorare le prospettive di trovare un impiego e di elevare il livello di competenza; nel promuovere la capacità di adattamento (pilastro 3) il punto di forza è rappresentato dalla modernizzazione dell'organizzazione dei processi lavorativi grazie al dialogo tra le parti sociali e il governo; promuovere la parità delle opportunità ("eliminare le differenze tra i due sessi") costituiva inoltre uno degli elementi chiave (pilastro 4) già nella prima fase del processo di Lussemburgo.
Per rafforzare la dimensione della qualità non sono indispensabili a livello europeo nuovi processi, né un approccio radicalmente nuovo nei confronti della politica. Necessario è invece uno sviluppo della politica più ampio e più differenziato, rivolto non solo a rendere più efficaci i singoli strumenti politici nella realizzazione dei suoi obiettivi, bensì anche la coerenza in ogni ambito politico tra finalità, strumenti disponibili e indicatori sulla cui base valutare il grado di riuscita degli obiettivi politici generali.
Ai fini di un costante miglioramento dei risultati politici nell'ambito di settori quali l'occupazione e le politiche sociali, tutte le parti interessate devono porsi i seguenti interrogativi fondamentali:
– Disponiamo di un adeguato dispositivo di misure politiche per l'intera gamma di strategie sociali e dell'occupazione?
– Tali misure sono tutte compatibili tra loro?
– Le risorse disponibili sono correttamente ripartite tra i diversi settori?
– Tali risorse sono sfruttate al meglio in ogni settore della politica?
– Le questioni sono affrontate ad un livello adeguato, come la questione del buon governo?
Un simile metodo sistematico basato sul rapporto costo-beneficio, nei confronti dell'occupazione e delle politiche sociali, contribuirà ad approfondire il dibattito politico su tali argomenti grazie ad una più esatta valutazione dei costi e delle conseguenze delle diverse sfide politiche - ad esempio, affrontando le questioni del lavoro scarsamente retribuito e dell'integrazione o garantendo la parità dei sessi in un contesto economico, sociale e demografico in costante e rapida evoluzione - e grazie alla definizione di più efficaci meccanismi di rafforzamento della cooperazione politica tra le diverse istanze pubbliche a tutti i livelli nonchè tra i poteri pubblici e le altre parti interessate.
Quanto agli effetti potenziali delle ricerche in corso sulla qualità del lavoro e sull'impiego di indicatori, vi è innanzitutto la creazione di un quadro generale e di una serie di strumenti che consentono un'esauriente e coerente valutazione della qualità della politica dell'occupazione. Ciò in risposta anche alla finalità emersa a Stoccolma sul mantenimento e il miglioramento della qualità del lavoro da fissare come obiettivo generale per le linee direttive per l'occupazione 2002. Un simile approccio globale che prevede obiettivi di qualità, strumenti adeguati e indicatori, dovrà far sì che la qualità, quale sollecitata nell'agenda per la politica sociale, diventi un tema fondamentale della politica sociale e dell'occupazione a tutti i livelli.
In tale contesto, la Commissione con la presente comunicazione intende portare avanti il suo impegno tramite l'introduzione graduale di una serie di "controlli della qualità" nel quadro di adeguate esperienze pilota, nel campo d'azione globale dell'agenda per la politica sociale, tenendo conto di misure analoghe intraprese nei confronti di altre iniziative di riforma dell'UE - in particolare, in relazione con il mercato interno, la qualità delle finanze pubbliche e l'economia. Sarebbe inoltre raccomandabile inserire le conclusioni di tali pratiche come un apporto ai processi di modernizzazione attualmente in corso su scala europea.
Tale esercizio consentirebbe all'Unione di perseguire i suoi obiettivi di "crescita della competitività" e "maggiore coesione" nel quadro di una politica di sviluppo sostenibile e di "buon governo", in considerazione, in particolare, delle dimensioni locale e regionale - nel significato di aree geografiche, in cui più sono visibili la qualità di vita generale e le differenze reali.
A sostegno di tale pratica, vanno impiegati tutti gli strumenti politici appropriati, ivi inclusa l'identificazione di buone pratiche, nonché le tecniche di benchmarking, legislazioni, accordi tra parti sociali, contributi di ONG e misure di incentivo specifiche. In tal modo, le verifiche della qualità - basate sulla coerenza tra obiettivi e norme, indicatori e strumenti politici esplicheranno un ruolo centrale nella formulazione e nell'attuazione di un ampio ventaglio di azioni previste nell'agenda per la politica sociale.
A sostegno di tali pratiche, la Commissione intende patrocinare e coordinare nuove ricerche di più ampia portata sulla misurazione dei fattori qualitativi nel campo sociale e nel campo dell'occupazione, nonché valutare innanzitutto gli effetti dinamici di una positiva interazione tra politiche sociali, economiche e dell'occupazione.
Un simile "approccio orizzontale della qualità" assicurerà che tutte le parti interessate segnatamente, governi e poteri pubblici a tutti i livelli, ma anche parti sociali e ONG - si
impegnino attivamente e a pieno titolo nel conseguimento di tali obiettivi, che dovranno costituire il fulcro di un nuovo e consolidato governo dell'Unione europea.
Seguito dei lavori
Gli indicatori della qualità del lavoro proposti dalla Commissione costituiranno la base della discussione e oggetto di dibattito con il Parlamento europeo, il Consiglio, il Comitato economico e sociale e il Comitato delle regioni, nonché con le parti sociali, le ONG e altre parti interessate, perché la Commissione possa presentare tali indicatori come il proprio contributo al Consiglio europeo di Laeken.
La Commissione intende integrare l'aspetto del mantenimento e del miglioramento del livello di qualità del lavoro nel progetto di direttive per l'occupazione per il 2002, sulla base del quadro d'analisi generale della qualità proposta nella presente comunicazione.
Quanto al controllo della dimensione della qualità nella politica sociale in genere, la Commissione intende contribuire con le conoscenze acquisite ai vari processi di modernizzazione in atto a livello europeo. Tra questi, ad esempio, il processo di Lussemburgo sull'occupazione, il metodo aperto di coordinamento nel campo della protezione sociale, i progetti in corso in materia di pari opportunità, le iniziative nel campo della tutela della salute e della sicurezza.
CONCLUSIONI
Nel contesto della nuova agenda sociale ed economica in Europa e con l'interesse incentrato essenzialmente sul miglioramento dal punto di vista sia qualitativo che quantitativo delle opportunità di lavoro e sulla modernizzazione del modello sociale europeo, la Commissione
* propone l'adozione di condizioni quadro per promuovere l'obiettivo di un miglioramento della qualità del lavoro, tramite la messa a punto in particolare di un ampio e coerente insieme di indicatori della qualità che servano a rafforzare l'armonizzazione tra gli obiettivi di qualità del lavoro e strumenti politici nel contesto della strategia europea dell'occupazione;
* mira a garantire la piena e sistematica integrazione dell'obiettivo di miglioramento della qualità nella politica sociale e dell'occupazione, tramite l'introduzione graduale di verifiche della qualità in merito alle quali la Commissione presenterà delle proposte a tempo debito.
La Commissione intende garantire la continuità dei lavori e un ulteriore sviluppo degli indicatori della qualità relativi all'ambito sociale e all'occupazione, sfruttando appieno le competenze delle agenzie europee attive in questi campi e cooperando con le altre istituzioni.
ALLEGATO I – GRAFICI
Europ ean Co mmission
Employment &Socia l Affa irs
Politica sociale
qualità sociale - coesione sociale
Politica economica
Occupazione
competitività - dinamismo
piena occupazione - qualità del lavoro
Qualità
- l'anello di congiunzione tra -
competitività e coesione
667
Politica sociale e politica del mercato del lavoro: Investire nella qualità
Grafico 1
850
COMPONENTI
1. Qualità intrinseca del lavoro
* Grado di soddisfazione dei lavoratori, tenendo conto delle caratteristiche del posto di lavoro, del tipo di contratto e dell'orario di lavoro, nonché del livello di competenza in rapporto ai requisiti professionali;
* Percentuale dei lavoratori che negli anni avanzano professionalmente ottenendo una migliore retribuzione;
* Lavoratori con salari bassi, lavoratori poveri e ripartizione del reddito
2. Qualifiche, formazione permanente e avanzamento di carriera
* Percentuale dei lavoratori che hanno raggiunto un livello di istruzione medio o elevato;
- Lavoratori con un livello di formazione medio e elevato (CITE) in base alla percentuale della popolazione attiva
– Indagine europea sulle forze di lavoro, annuale
* Percentuale dei lavoratori che seguono corsi di formazione o altre forme di apprendimento - Tasso di partecipazione alla formazione generale e professionale: percentuale della popolazione che partecipa a corsi di formazione generale e professionale - Indagine europea sulle forze di lavoro, annuale, approvata dal
16 Da sviluppare conformemente alle definizioni in uso presso Eurostat e nella Relazione di sintesi
SERIE STATISTICHE SPECIFICHE
- Soddisfazione con il tipo di lavoro attuale (PE033)
- Capacità acquisite nel quadro di una formazione professionale o scolastica formale, richieste per l'esercizio dell'attività attuale (PE021)
- Capacità o qualifiche per svolgere un lavoro più qualificato di quello attuale (sovraspecializzato)(PE016)
- Attuale reddito mensile netto (PI 211M)
- Percentuale di lavoratori la cui tariffa oraria è inferiore al 60% del reddito medio 16
- La famiglia è in grado di soddisfare i propri bisogni (HF002)
- Ripartizione dei redditi, misurati in base al rapporto dei quintili di reddito S80/S20
FONTE, PERIODICITÀ, STATO
- Panel europeo delle famiglie, ma solo per il periodo 1994-97
- Panel europeo delle famiglie, ma solo per il periodo 1994-97
- Panel europeo delle famiglie, ma solo per il periodo 1994-97
- Panel europeo delle famiglie, ma solo per il periodo 1994-97
- Panel europeo delle famiglie, ma solo per il periodo 1994-97
- Panel europeo delle famiglie, ma solo per il periodo 1994-97
- Panel europeo delle famiglie, ma solo per il periodo 1994-97
permanente;
* Percentuale dei lavoratori dotati di un livello di competenza informatica di base o elevato
3. Parità tra i sessi
* Disparità di retribuzione tra i sessi, con adeguamenti in base a fattori quali settori, professioni e età
* Segregazione tra i sessi a livello professionale: sovra e sottorappresentazione di uomini e donne in diverse professioni e settori
* Percentuale di uomini e donne ai diversi livelli gerarchici in professioni e settori, tenendo conto di fattori quali l'età e il livello d'istruzione
4. Tutela della salute e della sicurezza sul lavoro
* Indicatori compositi degli infortuni sul lavoro incidenti mortali e infortuni gravi - ivi compresi i relativi costi
ripartita per sesso, gruppi di età (25-34, 35-44 e 45-64 anni) e situazione lavorativa (occupati, disoccupati, non attivi)
- Percentuale della popolazione di età compresa tra i 25 e i 64 anni che segue corsi di formazione generale e professionale, ripartita per sesso
- Percentuale della forza di lavoro che partecipa ad una formazione specifica dell'attività che svolge, ripartiti per sesso. Permangono incertezze riguardo alla definizione di "forza di lavoro"
- attualmente non disponibili integralmente
- Indice del salario orario femminile in rapporto a quello degli uomini, per lavoratori con un orario di lavoro di 15 e più ore, ripartiti per contenuto del lavoro e livello di formazione
- Percentuale media nazionale di donne e uomini occupati in settori/professioni di ogni tipo. Le differenze sono addizionate e messe in relazione con i dati relativi all'occupazione totale, per ottenere le cifre delle disparità tra i generi
- Percentuale di uomini e donne ai diversi livelli gerarchici nell'ambito dell'impresa e dei settori (con adeguamenti in funzione dell'età e del livello di formazione)
- Posizione professionale (quadri dirigenti, intermedi, inferiori) a seconda della professione o del settore (PE010)
- Incidenza degli infortuni, espresso in numero di incidenti sul lavoro pe 100.000 lavoratori, in base al sesso. Calcolo: [numero degli infortuni (mortali o meno)/numero dei lavoratori nella popolazione considerata] x 100.000. (HSW1)
- Numero complessivo e medio di giornate di lavoro perse a causa di incidenti sul lavoro, in base al sesso (HSW2)
gruppo "indicatori" dell'EMCO (Comitato per l'occupazione)
- Indagine europea sulle forze di lavoro, annuale (nella relazione di sintesi e nella relazione comune sull'occupazione)
- Modulo ad hoc per la formazione professionale permanente nelle imprese; ultimo rilevamento 1993, prossimo nell'autunno 2001; proposto dalla DG EMPL
Dati OCSE, dati nazionali, indagini Eurobarometro. Da sviluppare ulteriormente
- Panel europeo sulle famiglie, per il periodo 1994-97; indicatore della Relazione comune sull'occupazione
- Indagine europea sulla forza di lavoro, annuale, classificazioni NACE/CITP, indicatore nella Relazione comune sull'occupazione
- Indagine europea sulle forze di lavoro
- Panel europeo delle famiglie, per il periodo 1994-97
- Statistiche europee sugli infortuni sul lavoro (SEAT), annuali: la Commissione propone di utilizzare SST1.
- Indagine sulle forze di lavoro, modulo ad hoc sugli infortuni sul lavoro e sulle malattie professionali; la Commissione propone di utilizzare SST2.
- Indagine sulle forze di lavoro, modulo ad hoc sugli infortuni
- Malattie professionali, in base al sesso
sul lavoro e le malattie professionali; scadenza metà 2001..
* Tasso di malattie professionali, ivi compresi i nuovi rischi, ad esempio, per stress causato da lavori ripetitivi;
- Problemi di salute a causa dello stress da lavoro ripetitivo (tabella 1)
- Fondazione OERI, messa a punto annuale
- Velocità troppo elevata nell'esecuzione del lavoro ed effetti sulla salute
(tabella 5.4)
- Fondazione OERI, messa a punto annuale
* Livello di stress ed altre difficoltà concernenti le condizioni di lavoro. - Stress da scadenze troppo ravvicinate e relativi effetti sulla salute (tabella 5.5) - Fondazione OERI, messa a punto annuale
5. Flessibilità e sicurezza
* Copertura efficace assicurata dai regimi della protezioen sociale - ammissibilità al diritto e livello delle prestazioni - per lavoratori e persone alla ricerca di un lavoro - Livello di copertura assicurativa dei lavoratori espresso nel numero totale netto di prestazioni sociali percepite nell'anno antecedente all'intervista (come parte del reddito) (PI 130) - Panel europeo delle famiglie per il periodo 1994-97
* Percentuale di lavoratori soggetti a meccanismi di orario flessibile - dal punto di vista dei datori di lavoro e dei lavoratori
- Soddisfazione con l'orario di lavoro attuale (PE035)
– Panel europeo delle famiglie per il periodo 1994-97
- Tipo di contratto di lavoro, a seconda delle categorie: a tempo indeterminato, a tempo determinato o a breve termine, lavoro occasionale senza contratto, regimi di altro tipo (PE024)
- Lavoro a tempo pieno/a tempo parziale (PE005C)
* Perdita del posto di lavoro: percentuale dei lavoratori che perdono l'impiego a causa di licenziamenti di massa e percentuale di coloro che trovano una nuova sistemazione entro un certo periodo.
- Motivo della cessazione dell'attività precedente (PJ004)
- Principale ragione per l'abbandono dell'ultimo posto di lavoro (Col. 71)
* Percentuale di lavoratori che ricorrono alla mobilità geografica - Dati Eurostat disponibili, ma vanno tuttora analizzati e presentati
– Panel europeo delle famiglie per il periodo 1994-97
– Panel europeo delle famiglie per il periodo 1994-97
– Panel europeo delle famiglie per il periodo 1994-97
- Indagine europea sulle forze di lavoro, annuale
Dati nazionali raccolti da Eurostat dalle fonti amministrative nazionali
6. Integrazione e accesso al mercato del lavoro
* Transizione dalla scuola alla vita lavorativa
* Percentuale di occupati e di disoccupati di lungo periodo, ripartiti per età, livello di formazione, regione
* Strozzature sul mercato del lavoro e mobilità tra settori e professioni
7. Organizzazione del lavoro e armonizzazione di vita lavorativa e sfera privata
* Percentuale di lavoratori soggetti a regimi di orario flessibile
* Possibilità di congedo di maternità e parentale e tasso di ricorso a tali possibilità
*
Possibilità
di accoglienza
di bambini
in età
- Percentuale di attività tra i quindicenni-venticinquenni come percentuale della popolazione della stessa gamma di età
- Percentuale di giovani disoccupati - giovani senza lavoro di età compresa tra i 15 e i 24 anni come percentuale della popolazione della stessa gamma di età
- Tasso d'occupazione per principali gruppi di età (15-24, 25-54, 55-64, 15-64 anni) e livello di formazione (CITE - livello elevato, medio, basso).
- Tasso di disoccupazione a lungo termine
- Nessun dato attualmente disponibile
- Professione esercitata nel posto di lavoro attuale e precedente (PE006, PJ007))
- Settore d'impiego attuale e precedente (PE007, PJ008)
- Quota di lavoratori soggetti a regimi di orario flessibile (orario personalizzato, durata del lavoro calcolata su tutto l'anno, lavoro precario su chiamata) sulla cifra complessiva dei lavoratori, ripartita in base al sesso (WT2)
- Numero dei lavoratori a tempo parziale per cause involontarie in percentuale del totale dei lavoratori
- Donne e uomini attivi in congedo parentale (retribuito o meno) come percentuale di tutti i genitori attivi. Ripartizione del congedo parentale tra uomini e donne attive in rapporto al totale dei congedi parentali.
- Percentuale dei figli accuditi (in ambiente extrafamiliare) in rapporto al
- Indagine europea sulle forze di lavoro, annuale, approvata dal gruppo ad hoc del Comitato per l'occupazione e utilizzato nella Relazione comune sull'occupazione
- Indagine europea sulle forze di lavoro, annuale, approvata dal gruppo ad hoc del Comitato per l'occupazione e utilizzato nella Relazione comune sull'occupazione
- Indagine europea sulle forze di lavoro, annuale
- Serie armonizzate EUROSTAT, scadenza annua, utilizzate nella relazione di sintesi
-Ulteriore messa a punto - per alcuni paesi sono disponibili dati nazionali. Indagine Eurostat sui posti vacanti prevista per il 2002.
- Sulla mobilità: attività in corso presso Eurostat
- Indagine europea sulle forze di lavoro, modulo ad hoc relativo all'orario di lavoro; la Commissione propone di utilizzare DT2
- Indagine europea sulle forze di lavoro, scadenza annua
- Varie fonti nazionali: indicatore elaborato nel corso della Presidenza francese
- Varie fonti nazionali: indicatore elaborato nel corso della
* Produzione media annua per lavoratore
- Produttività del lavoro annua: PIL per lavoratore
- PIL pro capite in parità di potere d'acquisto
- Eurostat; base di dati AMECO (DG ECFIN), a scadenza semestrale
- EUROSTAT, a scadenza annua, o base di dati AMECO (DG ECFIN), a scadenza semestrale
* Tenore di vita medio annuo pro capite - tenuto conto del tasso d'occupazione e del tasso di dipendenza
- Percentuale di dipendenza economica: persone non attive in età superiore a 15 anni come percentuale del numero complessivo dei lavoratori attivi
- EUROSTAT, a scadenza annua
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Estatuts de la Cooperativa d'Arquitectes Jordi Capell a la Llei 18/2002
CAPÍTOL I.- DENOMINACIÓ, OBJECTE, DURADA I DOMICILI
Article 1.- Denominació. Règim legal
Amb la denominació COOPERATIVA D'ARQUITECTES JORDI CAPELL S.Coop.C.Ltda., es troba constituïda a Barcelona una Societat Cooperativa de Consumidors i Usuaris, adequada als principis i disposicions de la Llei 18/2002, de 5 de juliol, de Cooperatives de Catalunya, amb plena personalitat jurídica i amb responsabilitat limitada per a les obligacions socials.
Article 2.- Objecte social i àmbit d'actuació
El seu objecte, en tant que Cooperativa de Consumidors i Usuaris, és el subministrament d'articles d'ús i consum i la prestació de serveis en les millors condicions de qualitat, de preu i d'informació, per a la utilització directa dels socis i especialment els subministraments necessaris per al bon funcionament de l'activitat dels arquitectes i d'altres professionals que tinguin la condició de socis, així com les operacions complementàries per aquesta finalitat, tot això, sense perjudici de les operacions fetes a terceres persones no sòcies.
Igualment, conforme l'article 100 de la Llei, la Cooperativa podrà produir els béns i serveis objecte de subministrament i distribució, sense perdre la seva condició de cooperativa de consumidors i usuaris, com dedicar-se a l'edició de llibres, la producció i fabricació de mobles d'oficina o de disseny i tots aquells altres relacionats amb el seu objecte social.
La Cooperativa podrà desenvolupar aquest objecte social directament a títol propi o bé a través de participacions en altres societats, d'acord amb la legislació vigent. Igualment la Cooperativa podrà desenvolupar les seves activitats amb terceres persones que no tinguin la condició de sòcies sense més límits que els derivats de la legislació cooperativa.
L'objecte social es desenvoluparà principalment dins l'àmbit del territori de Catalunya.
Article 3.- Durada
La Societat es troba constituïda per temps indefinit.
Article 4.- Domicili social
El domicili social de la Cooperativa es troba a Barcelona, Plaça Nova número 5, podent ésser traslladat a qualsevol altre lloc del terme municipal per acord del Consell Rector. En altre cas és necessari l'acord de l'Assemblea General que modifiqui aquest precepte estatutari i el canvi caldrà que sigui presentat per qualificació i inscripció en el registre corresponent. Tanmateix, el domicili a Internet de la Cooperativa es situa a la web www.eupalinos.com, atès que la societat és titular del corresponent domini.
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CAPÍTOL II.- DELS SOCIS
Article 5.- Persones que poden ser socis
Pot ser soci de ple dret:
A) Tota persona física que tingui capacitat d'obrar d'acord amb la legislació civil, i que compleixi també alguna de les condicions següents:
a) Ser arquitecte.
b) Ser aparellador, arquitecte tècnic, enginyer o altre professional relacionat directament o indirecta amb el món de l'arquitectura i la construcció.
c) Ser familiar d'un soci fins el segon grau de consanguinitat o afinitat o cònjuge supervivent d'un soci.
d) Ser estudiant d'arquitectura, arquitectura tècnica, enginyeria, o qualsevol altre estudi relacionat directament o indirecta amb el món de l'arquitectura i la construcció.
e) Ser empleat o col·laborador d'un soci i ser presentat per aquest.
f) Ser empleat del Col·legi d'Arquitectes de Catalunya, d'aquesta pròpia Cooperativa, de la Caixa d'Arquitectes o d'altres entitats amb les quals la Cooperativa tingui signats convenis de col·laboració o bé estar-hi lligat per una relació de prestació de serveis.
g) Ser beneficiari de la Germandat Nacional de Previsió Social d'Arquitectes o estar-hi lligat per una relació de prestació de serveis.
B) Tota persona jurídica que a més de reunir els requisits de plena capacitat de la legislació civil, tingui també una de les següents condicions:
a) Ser una Societat o Associació d'Arquitectes o d'altres professionals relacionats directament o indirecta amb el món de l'arquitectura i la construcció.
b) Ser una Entitat científica, cultural o d'ensenyament, oficial o particular, relacionada amb l'arquitectura, la construcció o bé els departaments o seccions d'aquestes entitats si justifiquen l'autorització del corresponent representant legal.
c) En general, tota persona jurídica l'objecte social de la qual no sigui incompatible amb el de la Cooperativa .
Poden ser igualment socis de la Cooperativa les persones físiques o jurídiques vinculades al món de l'arquitectura i la construcció, sempre que compleixin amb allò previst a l'article següent d'aquests Estatuts.
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Article 6.- Procediment d'admissió
Les persones que compleixin algun dels requisits expressats a l'article anterior i tinguin interès a ingressar com a socis consumidors de la Cooperativa han d'adreçar una sol·licitud per escrit al Consell Rector, en la qual han de fer constar expressament l'acceptació d'aquests Estatuts, del reglament o reglaments de règim intern i altres acords adoptats pels òrgans de govern. Igualment han de subscriure l'aportació obligatòria al capital social i el pagament de la quota d'ingrés.
El Consell Rector ha de decidir l'admissió o no del soci en el termini màxim de dos mesos comptats des que va rebre la petició i ha de notificar també per escrit la seva decisió al sol·licitant. No obstant, en cas de silenci del Consell Rector, s'ha d'entendre denegada l'admissió.
La denegació expressa de l'admissió del soci només es pot produir per les següents causes justificades:
a) La manca de compliment dels requisits exigits per ser soci.
b) La prèvia expulsió del soci de la Cooperativa o la baixa d'aquest, quan s'hagi qualificat com a baixa no justificada.
c) Quan el sol·licitant hagi estat prèviament soci de la Cooperativa i hagi sol·licitat la seva baixa com a tal i la devolució del capital social en els cinc anys immediatament anteriors a la nova sol·licitud.
En el cas de les persones jurídiques s'entén que existeix aquesta causa justificada de no admissió quan entre la persona jurídica que causa baixa i la sol·licitant hi hagi coincidència o identitat dels socis, membres o associats que ostenten la majoria als òrgans respectius socials, excepte en els casos de fusió, d'escissió o de transformació de l'entitat, als quals se'ls aplica l'article 22.c sobre la transmissió de les parts socials.
d) Fets notoris sobre els quals es basi el convenciment que la sol·licitud d'ingrés persegueix finalitats diferents a les de la Cooperativa.
Si l'acord fos denegatori, llevat que s'hagi produït per silenci, ha d'ésser motivat i fonamentat en la Llei o en aquests Estatuts amb criteris objectius. L'acord denegatori, exprés o per silenci, es pot impugnar pel sol·licitant en el termini d'un mes, a comptar des de la seva notificació, davant l'Assemblea General, la qual ha de resoldre en la primera reunió que se celebri mitjançant votació secreta. El seu acord es pot impugnar davant la jurisdicció ordinària, conforme a la legislació vigent.
L'acord d'admissió pot ésser impugnat davant l'Assemblea General pels altres socis, en els mateixos termes previstos al paràgraf anterior per a l'acord de denegació. Els drets del nou soci quedaran en suspens mentre no decideixi l'Assemblea General.
Els drets i obligacions dels socis comencen el dia següent en què sigui ferm el corresponent acord del Consell Rector.
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Article 7.- Obligacions dels socis
Els socis tenen les obligacions que imposa l'article 26 de la Llei de -Cooperatives de Catalunya. En especial, els socis de la COOPERATIVA D'ARQUITECTES JORDI CAPELL són obligats a:
a) Efectuar el desemborsament de l'aportació compromesa al capital social, pagar la quota d'ingrés i complir amb puntualitat totes les seves obligacions econòmiques.
b) Participar en les activitats que constitueixen l'objecte social de la Cooperativa.
c) Acceptar els càrrecs socials, excepte causa justificada, apreciada pel Consell Rector.
d) No dedicar-se a activitats que puguin competir amb l'objecte social de la Cooperativa, ni col·laborar amb qui les dugui a terme, excepte si són autoritzats pel Consell Rector.
e) Complir els acords adoptats vàlidament pels òrgans de govern.
f) Guardar el secret quant als assumptes de la Cooperativa, la divulgació dels quals pugui perjudicar els interessos socials.
g) Totes aquelles altres que resultin de normes legals o estatutàries.
Els socis són responsables del compliment dels seus compromisos amb la Cooperativa conforme a allò previst al propi article 26.2 de la Llei 18/2002.
Article 8.- Drets dels socis
Els socis tenen dret a:
a) Participar amb veu i vot en l'adopció de tots els acords de l'Assemblea General i altres òrgans dels quals formin part.
b) Participar, sense discriminació, en la realització de l'objecte social de la Cooperativa.
c) Elegir i ésser elegits pels càrrecs dels òrgans de la Societat.
d) Rebre informació segons estableixen aquests Estatuts i els articles 24 i 25 de la Llei 18/2002.
e) Participar en els excedents segons l'establert estatutàriament.
f) Percebre, si s'escau, el reembors de la seva aportació en cas de baixa, de liquidació o de transformació de la Societat.
- 4 - g) Els altres que resultin de les normes legals i estatutàries, així com dels acords vàlidament adoptats pels òrgans de la Cooperativa.
Article 9.- La responsabilitat patrimonial dels socis pels deutes de la Cooperativa
La responsabilitat del soci pels deutes de la Cooperativa es limita a les aportacions al capital subscrites, tant si han estat desemborsades com si no, i tindrà el caràcter de mancomunada simple.
El soci que es doni de baixa, continua essent responsable davant la Cooperativa, amb la limitació assenyalada al paràgraf anterior, durant cinc anys per les obligacions que aquella hagi contret amb anterioritat a la data de la pèrdua de la seva condició de soci.
Article 10.- Dret d' informació
L' exercici dels drets dels socis i el compliment de les seves obligacions es recolzen en el millor coneixement del funcionament de la Cooperativa, la qual ha de procurar mitjans d'informació assequibles i clars a tots els socis.
El Consell Rector ha de lliurar a cada soci, en admetre'l, una còpia dels Estatuts i, si n'hi ha, del Reglament de Règim Intern, i ha de notificar igualment a cada soci les modificacions que s'hi facin i els acords dels òrgans de govern que els afectin. Els membres del Consell Rector són responsables de qualsevol perjudici que s'ocasioni als socis per l'incompliment d'aquests deures.
Tot soci té dret, en tot moment, a:
a) Examinar els llibres socials de la Cooperativa i sol·licitar còpia certificada dels acords presos per l'Assemblea General i pel Consell Rector que l'afectin particularment.
b) Rebre qualsevol informe o aclariment sobre la marxa de la Cooperativa i sobre els drets econòmics i socials que l'afectin personalment, sempre que ho sol·liciti per escrit al Consell Rector, el qual ha de respondre en el termini de quinze dies, a comptar des de la presentació de l'escrit. Si el soci estima que la resposta que se li ha donat no és correcta, pot reiterar per escrit la sol·licitud que, en aquest cas, ha d'ésser resposta públicament pel Consell Rector a la primera Assemblea General que se celebri després d'haver reiterat la petició.
c) Des del dia de la convocatòria de l'Assemblea General Ordinària en la qual s'hagi de deliberar i prendre acords sobre els comptes de l'exercici econòmic, els socis han de poder examinar, al domicili social: el balanç, el compte de pèrdues i guanys, la memòria explicativa de l'exercici, la proposta de distribució dels excedents o dels beneficis extracooperatius o la d'imputació de les pèrdues i l'informe dels interventors i el dels auditors, si escau, conforme a la legislació vigent.
Els socis tenen dret a rebre còpia dels documents i a què se'ls ampliï tota la informació que considerin necessària i que estigui relacionada amb els punts de l'Ordre del Dia , sempre que ho sol·licitin per escrit almenys amb cinc dies d'antelació respecte l'Assemblea General.
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Un mínim de cent socis de la Cooperativa poden sol·licitar per escrit al Consell Rector la informació que considerin necessària sobre la marxa de la Cooperativa i aquest ha de respondre per escrit en el termini d'un mes. Si els socis sol·licitants consideren que la resposta és insuficient, poden reiterar per escrit la sol·licitud, que en aquest cas haurà d'ésser resposta públicament pel Consell Rector en la primera Assemblea General que es tingui després d'haver transcorregut quinze dies des de la reiteració de la petició, i se'n lliurarà còpia als peticionaris.
El Consell Rector només pot negar-se a donar la informació sol·licitada pels socis si al·lega motivadament perjudici per als interessos socials. Contra l'acord denegatori de facilitar la informació, el soci pot presentar recurs davant l'Assemblea General, la qual ha de resoldre sobre aquest punt en la primera reunió posterior que se celebri. La decisió de l'Assemblea es pot impugnar pel tràmit previst a l'article 38 de la Llei de Cooperatives de Catalunya.
La negativa per part del Consell Rector a proporcionar la informació sol·licitada, en els supòsits previstos en aquest article, comporta el dret del soci a exercir les accions que estimi pertinents, mitjançant el procediment de jurisdicció voluntària conforme a la legislació vigent.
Article 11.- Baixa del soci
Els socis es poden donar de baixa de la Cooperativa en qualsevol moment però hauran d'enviar un preavís escrit al Consell Rector amb dos mesos d'antelació, excepte en el cas de força major o de necessitat greu. La inobservància del preavís fa que la baixa es consideri com a no justificada.
La baixa és justificada i no serà necessari l'enviament del preavís escrit al Consell Rector en els casos següents:
a) Disconformitat amb l'acord de l'Assemblea que hagi decidit la fusió de la Cooperativa, sempre que les persones sòcies hagin votat en contra de l'acord i hagin fet constar en acta expressament la seva oposició o bé que no hagin assistit a l'Assemblea General que va adoptar l'acord, per causa justificada i que, a més, sol·licitin la baixa per escrit adreçat a la Presidència del Consell Rector en el termini d'un mes comptador d'ençà l'adopció de l'acord o des que aquest els va ser notificat.
b) Si s'adopten acords que augmentin les aportacions obligatòries de les persones sòcies, sempre que hagin votat en contra de l'acord i hagin fet constar en acta expressament la seva oposició o bé que no hagin assistit a l'Assemblea General que va adoptar l'acord, i que, a més, sol·licitin la baixa per escrit adreçat a la Presidència de la Cooperativa en el termini d'un mes a comptar d'ençà l'adopció de l'acord o des que aquest els va ser notificat.
c) La disconformitat de les persones sòcies amb l'acord de transformació de la Cooperativa, sempre que se sol·liciti per escrit al Consell Rector dins el mes següent a la data de l'adopció de l'acord.
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d) Seran donats forçosament de baixa els socis que perdin els requisits establerts per aquests Estatuts per formar part de la Cooperativa. L'acord serà pres pel Consell Rector amb audiència prèvia de l'interessat.
Article 12.- Efectes econòmics de la baixa
En produir-se la baixa d'un soci, aquest o els seus drethavents tenen dret al reemborsament de les seves aportacions, voluntàries i obligatòries, al capital social i del retorn cooperatiu que s'escaigui, d'acord amb el següent procediment:
a) D'acord amb els resultats de l'exercici econòmic en el qual s'hagi produït la baixa del soci i de la imputació d'aquests resultats que li sigui atribuïble, s'ha de procedir a fixar l'import definitiu del reemborsament de les aportacions a capital social en el termini màxim d'un mes a comptar des de l'aprovació dels comptes anuals corresponents a l'esmentat exercici.
b) De l'import definitiu del reembors, fixat d'acord amb l'apartat precedent, se'n deduiran les quantitats següents: les pèrdues no compensades d'exercicis anteriors i les previsions de pèrdues de l'exercici en curs, que es regularitzarà amb el soci un cop acabat l'exercici. Les altres quantitats que el soci endeuti a la Cooperativa per qualsevol concepte, així com les que siguin procedents, per baixa no justificada o per expulsió, conforme a l'apartat següent i les responsabilitats que li siguin imputables al soci, sens perjudici de la responsabilitat patrimonial que és regulada a l'article 26.2 de la Llei.
c) A més del que disposa l'apartat anterior, si la baixa és d'expulsió pel Consell Rector, es podrà aplicar una deducció de fins al 30% sobre les aportacions obligatòries.
d) Si la baixa és justificada o per defunció no s'hi farà cap deducció.
No es poden fer deduccions sobre les aportacions voluntàries.
En qualsevol cas, el termini de devolució no pot excedir de cinc anys, ni d'un any en cas de defunció.
Excepcionalment, en els supòsits en els quals mitjançant la devolució es posés en dificultat l'estabilitat de la Cooperativa, la Direcció General competent, a petició de l'entitat esmentada, pot ampliar els terminis.
Les quantitats pendents de reembors no són susceptibles d'actualització.
Article 13.- Faltes dels socis
D'acord amb la seva importància, transcendència i intencionalitat, poden ser LLEUS, GREUS I MOLT GREUS.
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A) FALTES LLEUS
Són faltes lleus dels socis ometre la notificació a la Societat del canvi de domicili del soci o del seu compte bancari, dins els primers quinze dies d'haver-lo canviat, així com les infraccions que es cometin, per primera vegada, de preceptes estatutaris, sempre que no tinguin la consideració de greu, d'acord amb l'apartat següent.
B) FALTES GREUS
a) Incomplir les obligacions econòmiques relatives al pagament de les adquisicions, de les quotes periòdiques o de les aportacions al capital.
b) Atribuir-se indegudament funcions que siguin pròpies del Consell Rector.
c) Incomplir els acords dels òrgans socials o les obligacions que corresponen als socis, perjudicant la Cooperativa, així com la realització d'activitats o l'omissió d'actes que, per la seva entitat, puguin suposar un perjudici als interessos de la Cooperativa o dels seus socis, que permeti qualificar-lo com a greu.
d) La falta de respecte o de consideració greus i la reiterada manca de cortesia i correcció amb els altres socis, amb els clients de la Cooperativa o amb els seus treballadors, sempre que no tingui la consideració de lleu.
C) FALTES MOLT GREUS
a) La reiteració o acumulació de tres faltes tipificades com a greus per les quals el soci hagi estat sancionat amb anterioritat, en el període dels dos anys anteriors.
b) La utilització per part d'un soci dels capitals comuns o de la firma social per a interessos particulars.
c) La violació de secrets de la Cooperativa.
d) Incomplir reiteradament les obligacions econòmiques relatives al pagament de les adquisicions, de les quotes periòdiques o de les aportacions al capital.
e) El robatori, el furt, l'apropiació indeguda, l'estafa i actes il·lícits de similars característiques comesos pels socis contra la Cooperativa o els seus socis o prevaler-se de la condició de soci per desenvolupar activitats il·lícites.
f) Falsificar documents, firmes, segells i anàlegs, de compromís per la relació de la Cooperativa amb els seus socis o amb tercers.
g) Efectuar operacions de competència amb la Cooperativa i ocultar dades rellevants.
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Article 14.- Sancions i procediment sancionador
Les faltes lleus poden sancionar-se amb amonestació verbal o per escrit.
Les faltes greus poden sancionar-se amb la inhabilitació per ocupar càrrecs socials o amb la suspensió del dret a desenvolupar l'activitat cooperativitzada durant un termini màxim de dos anys.
Les faltes molt greus poden sancionar-se amb descompte total o parcial dels retorns cooperatius de l'any; inhabilitació per ocupar càrrecs en els òrgans socials o amb la suspensió del dret a desenvolupar l'activitat cooperativitzada durant un termini màxim de cinc anys o amb l'expulsió.
Les infraccions lleus prescriuen al cap d'un mes, les greus al cap de dos mesos i les molt greus al cap de tres. El termini de prescripció comença a comptar des del dia en què el Consell Rector té coneixement que s'ha comès la infracció i en tot cas, sis mesos després d'haver estat comesa. El termini s'interromp en incoar-se el procediment sancionador i torna a córrer si en el termini de tres mesos no se'n dicta ni se'n notifica la resolució.
Les faltes són sancionades pel Consell Rector, el qual exerceix la competència sancionadora. És preceptiva l'audiència prèvia per escrit de la persona interessada per un termini de quinze dies. L'expedient incoat s'ha d'instruir en el termini màxim de dos mesos, transcorreguts els quals el Consell Rector haurà de resoldre.
En iniciar-se un expedient per haver comès faltes greus o molt greus el Consell Rector pot adoptar les mesures cautelars que estimi adients, en especial la suspensió dels drets del soci, inclusiu el de desenvolupar l'activitat cooperativitzada. En cap cas no es pot suspendre el dret d'informació ni els altres drets previstos a la Llei.
Contra la resolució del Consell Rector es pot presentar recurs davant l'Assemblea General en el termini d'un mes des de la notificació de l'acord, la qual ha de resoldre dins el termini màxim de sis mesos, a comptar des de la data de la interposició del recurs.
L'acord de sanció, o si s'escau, la ratificació per l'Assemblea General poden ésser impugnats en el termini d'un mes, a comptar des de la notificació, conforme al tràmit establert per a la impugnació dels acords socials, davant la jurisdicció ordinària conforme al que disposa l'article 158 de la Llei de Cooperatives de Catalunya.
L'acord d'expulsió d'un soci només pot ser pres mitjançant un expedient instruït a aquest efecte pel Consell Rector. El recurs davant l'Assemblea General ha de ser resolt en votació secreta, amb audiència prèvia per escrit de la persona interessada, que pot anul·lar l'expulsió o bé ratificar-la. En el darrer cas es tramitarà la baixa del soci.
L'acord d'expulsió és executiu d'ençà del moment en què es notifica la ratificació de l'acord per l'Assemblea General, o bé un cop acabat el termini per presentar-hi recurs.
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Article 15.- Condició de beneficiari
D'acord amb allò previst a l'article 98 de la Llei de Cooperatives, l'activitat cooperativitzada pot ser realitzada pel soci o bé pels membres de la seva unitat familiar, els quals, a aquests efectes, tindran la condició de beneficiaris.
També tenen la condició de beneficiaris i podran, per tant, desenvolupar l'activitat cooperativitzada de consum, els membres, col·legiats, socis o associats de les persones jurídiques sòcies previstes a l'article 5.B d'aquests Estatuts, sempre que entre aquestes i la Cooperativa s'hagi signat el corresponent conveni de col·laboració.
CAPÍTOL III.- RÈGIM ECONÒMIC
Article 16.- El capital social
El capital social està constituït per les aportacions obligatòries dels socis, més les voluntàries que s'hi incorporin per acord adoptat per l'Assemblea General.
Les aportacions s'acrediten mitjançant títols nominatius que hauran de reflectir amb claredat les aportacions, les actualitzacions, si n'hi ha, i els excessos de percepció que s'acordi capitalitzar.
L'import total de les aportacions de cada soci no pot excedir el 25% del total del capital social.
Els títols hauran de tenir un valor mínim de NOU EUROS (9,00 euros) cadascun i cada soci n'haurà de posseir almenys un, el desemborsament del qual es farà íntegrament en el moment de l'ingrés a la Societat.
L'Assemblea pot fixar anualment la quantia de l'aportació obligatòria inicial dels nous socis d'acord amb la Llei.
El capital social mínim és de NOU MIL QUINZE EUROS I DIVUIT CÈNTIMS (9.015,18 euros).
Article 17.- Aportacions obligatòries
L'Assemblea General pot acordar, per majoria de dos terços dels vots presents i representats, l'exigència de noves aportacions obligatòries al capital social, fixant-ne la quantia, termini i condicions de desemborsament. L'Assemblea General pot fixar per a cada exercici econòmic, l'interès a pagar per aquestes aportacions, que no podrà excedir del màxim previst a la legislació cooperativa aplicable.
Els socis que tinguin desemborsades aportacions voluntàries fetes anteriorment, poden aplicarles per atendre les aportacions obligatòries exigibles.
Article 18.- Altres aportacions obligatòries al capital social
Els socis i els beneficiaris que, en desenvolupar l'activitat cooperativitzada de consum, abonin a crèdit les contraprestacions corresponents pels béns o serveis que els presta la Cooperativa, vindran obligats a subscriure i desemborsar, en concepte de capital social, el percentatge sobre el volum d'operacions cooperatives que hagi realitzat l'esmentat soci o el beneficiari. Aquest percentatge es fixa per l'Assemblea General i en cap cas no pot superar l'1,5 % del valor de les adquisicions efectuades pel soci. En cas de baixa del soci, el reembors del capital subscrit i desemborsat d'acord amb aquest precepte seguirà les normes previstes a la legislació vigent i a aquests Estatuts per al capital social obligatori.
Article 19.- Aportacions voluntàries
L'Assemblea General, per majoria simple dels vots presents i representats, a proposta del Consell Rector, pot acordar l'admissió d'aportacions voluntàries al capital social, que se subscriuran en el termini i en les condicions que estableixin l'acord d'emissió.
Article 20.- Morositat en el compliment de les obligacions econòmiques
El soci que incorri en morositat en el compliment de les seves obligacions econòmiques, no té dret a retorn cooperatiu. Sens perjudici d'incoar el corresponent expedient disciplinari, el Consell Rector pot reclamar al soci el compliment de la seva obligació de desembors del capital social, amb abonament de l'interès legal i dels danys i perjudicis que hagi causat a la Cooperativa. Tanmateix, si el soci tingués aportacions voluntàries a la Cooperativa, el Consell Rector podrà aplicar-les al desembors de les aportacions obligatòries.
Article 21.- Actualització de les aportacions
El balanç de la Cooperativa pot ser regularitzat en els mateixos termes i amb els mateixos beneficis que s'estableixen per a les societats de dret comú, sense perjudici del que estableix la Llei de Cooperatives de Catalunya sobre la destinació dels resultats de la regularització del balanç.
Article 22.- Transmissió de les aportacions
Les aportacions poden transmetre's:
a) Per actes "entre vius" entre els socis, amb la prèvia oferta de transmissió publicada en el tauler d'anuncis del domicili social i comunicant-ho al Consell Rector en el termini de quinze dies des de la conclusió de l'acte. En qualsevol cas, però, el soci transmetent ha de conservar com a mínim l'aportació obligatòria al capital social.
b) Respecte els socis persona jurídica, el capital social es pot transmetre, a més del previst a la lletra a), en els casos d'escissió, de fusió, tant pròpia com impròpia o per absorció i de transformació del soci, mantenint-se la condició de tal en la persona jurídica resultant de l'operació de la qual es tracti. Aquesta operació, ha de comunicar-se al Consell Rector en el mateix termini de quinze dies previst a l'apartat a) d'aquest article per a les transmissions entre vius. En els casos de dissolució de la
- 11 - persona jurídica sòcia, s'apliquen les normes previstes a la lletra següent per a la successió "mortis causa", entenent a aquests efectes com a hereus del soci que formen part de l'entitat dissolta.
c) Per successió "mortis causa". En aquest cas, els hereus poden sol·licitar adquirir la condició de soci, quan reuneixin les condicions previstes a l'article 5 d'aquests Estatuts per la seva admissió, repartint entre ells l'aportació del causant, que cal completar si la part rebuda per cadascund'ells no arriba al mínim d'aportació obligatòria exigida per ingressar a la Cooperativa. En tot cas, els hereus tenen sempre dret a la liquidació del crèdit que representa la part social transmesa en el termini màxim d'un any.
Article 23.- Reducció del capital social
Si a conseqüència del reembors als socis o als seus hereus de les parts socials, hagués de quedar el capital social per sota del mínim establert en aquests Estatuts, serà necessari acord de reducció pres per l'Assemblea General, que no podrà ser dut a terme sense haver-li donat la publicitat necessària en garantia dels drets dels creditors. Pres l'acord, es procedirà a la modificació dels Estatuts de la manera legalment establerta.
Article 24.- Quotes d'ingrés i periòdiques
En el moment de l'ingrés del soci a la Cooperativa, aquell ha de fer efectiva una quota d'ingrés de VINT-I-UN EUROS (21,00 euros).
L'Assemblea General pot modificar aquesta quota d'ingrés o pot establir-ne de periòdiques. Les quotes en cap cas no formen part del capital social ni són reintegrables.
La quantia de les quotes dels nous socis no pot ser superior a la dels socis antics, actualitzades segons l'índex de preus al consum, segons dades de l'Institut Nacional d'Estadística.
Article 25.- Exercici econòmic, resultats
L'exercici econòmic de la Cooperativa s'estén des de l'u de febrer de cada any fins al 31 de gener de l'any següent. Per a cada exercici, i dins els sis mesos següents al seu tancament, el Consell Rector ha de presentar a l'Assemblea General, per a la seva aprovació, la memòria explicativa de la gestió social, el balanç, el compte de resultats i la proposta de la seva aplicació, així com les línies generals d'actuació d'exercicis successius.
En la determinació dels resultats de l'exercici, tant els de naturalesa cooperativa com els extracooperatius, s'aplica allò previst a la Llei 18/2002, de Cooperatives de Catalunya, a la Llei Estatal 20/1990, de 19 de desembre, sobre l'Estatut Fiscal de les Cooperatives i les altres normes que resultin d'aplicació.
1. Són resultats de naturalesa cooperativa els procedents de:
a) Les activitats integrades a l'objecte social, encara que procedeixin d'entitats no cooperatives si aquestes duen a terme activitats preparatòries, complementàries o subordinades a las de la Cooperativa.
b) La gestió de la tresoreria de la Cooperativa.
c) La regularització de balanços, d'acord amb l'article 71 de la Llei 18/2002, de Cooperatives.
d) Les plusvàlues obtingudes per l'alienació dels elements de l'immobilitzat material o immaterial, d'acord amb la Llei.
2. Són resultats de naturalesa extracooperativa els que deriven de:
a) L'activitat cooperativitzada duta a terme amb terceres persones que no tenen la condició de sòcies.
b) Les activitats econòmiques alienes a les finalitats específiques de la Cooperativa.
c) Les inversions o participacions financeres en societats que no compleixin els requisits establerts a l'apartat 1.a d'aquest article, llevat de la procedent dels fons d'inversió.
d) L'alienació dels elements de l'actiu immobilitzat, quan no puguin considerar-se resultats cooperatius, d'acord amb l'apartat 1.d d'aquest article.
Article 26.- Aplicació dels excedents: Fons i retorn cooperatiu
Dels excedents comptabilitzats per determinar-ne el resultat cooperatiu i abans de la consideració de l'impost de societats, s'han de destinar almenys el 30% d'aquest resultat al Fons de Reserva Obligatori, el 10% al Fons d'Educació i Promoció Cooperatiu i les altres quantitats que siguin procedents, d'acord amb la Llei.
Del resultat extracooperatiu, abans de la consideració de l'impost de societats, s'ha de destinar almenys un 50% al Fons de Reserva Obligatori.
Deduïts els percentatges a destinar per a Fons Obligatoris i al pagament dels impostos, els excedents disponibles es poden destinar d'acord amb allò previst a l'article 66 de la Llei de Cooperatives de Catalunya. En tot cas, si l'Assemblea General acorda procedir al retorn als socis, ha de determinar com s'ha de procedir i la forma i la quantia d'aquest retorn, que s'ha d'acreditar als socis en proporció a les seves operacions cooperativitzades.
Les pèrdues de qualsevol naturalesa, si les hi ha, s'han de deduir del resultat positiu cooperatiu o extracooperatiu, prèviament a les operacions previstes en aquest article.
Article 27.- Imputació de pèrdues
La compensació de les pèrdues resultants de l'exercici econòmic, si n'hi ha, es poden imputar a un compte especial per amortitzar-les amb càrrec a futurs resultats positius, dins el termini previst a la legislació aplicable. Altrament, es poden compensar de la següent manera:
a) Al Fons de Reserva Obligatori s'hi imputaran el 50% de les pèrdues com a màxim. En aquest cas, no s'imputaran ni es repartiran retorns cooperatius ni cap altre resultat cooperatiu o altres resultats positius entre els socis fins que aquest fons no hagi recuperat la quantia que tenia abans de la seva utilització.
b) La totalitat de les pèrdues es pot aplicar als fons de reserves voluntàries, si n'hi ha.
c) La quantia no compensada amb els fons de reserva, tant obligatoris com voluntaris, s'imputa al soci en proporció a les operacions cooperatives que hagi realitzat amb la Cooperativa. Les pèrdues imputades a cada soci s'han de fer efectives per aquest en l'exercici econòmic següent a aquell en el qual s'han produït, mitjançant deduccions a les aportacions al capital social. També es poden satisfer amb càrrec als retorns que poden correspondre als socis, en aquest mateix termini; si passat aquest termini quedessin pèrdues sense compensar, s'han de satisfer directament pel soci en el termini d'un mes. En cap cas no es poden imputar les pèrdues en funció de les aportacions del soci al capital social.
Article 28.- El Fons de Reserva Obligatori
El Fons de Reserva Obligatori té com a finalitat consolidar econòmicament la societat. El Fons és irrepartible i es constitueix:
a) Amb els percentatges dels excedents previstos a l'article 26 d'aquests Estatuts.
b) Amb la totalitat dels resultats extracooperatius.
c) Amb les deduccions sobre les aportacions obligatòries per baixa de soci.
d) Amb les quotes d'ingrés i periòdiques establertes.
Article 29.- El Fons d'Educació i Promoció Cooperativa
El Fons d'Educació i Promoció Cooperativa s'ha de destinar bé a la formació dels socis i dels treballadors en principis i tècniques cooperatives, empresarials, econòmiques i professionals, bé a la promoció de les relacions intercooperatives i la difusió del cooperativisme, bé a l'atenció d'objectius d'incidència social o de lluita contra l'exclusió social o al pagament de les quotes de la federació a la que pertany la Cooperativa.
El Fons és inembargable i irrepartible i es constitueix:
a) Amb el percentatge de l'excedent net de cada exercici establert a l'article 26 d'aquests Estatuts.
b) Amb les multes i altres sancions que per via disciplinària imposi la Cooperativa als seus socis.
c) Amb les subvencions, donacions i qualsevol altre tipus d'ajudes rebudes dels socis o de tercers, per a l'acompliment dels fins propis d'aquest Fons.
L'Assemblea General ha de fixar les línies bàsiques d'aplicació d'aquest Fons, les dotacions del qual han de figurar en el passiu del balanç amb separació d'altres partides.
Article 30.- Documentació social i comptabilitat
La Cooperativa cal que tingui en ordre i al dia els següents llibres:
a) Llibre de Registre de socis.
b) Llibre d'Aportacions Socials.
c) Llibre d'Actes de l'Assemblea General, del Consell Rector i dels altres òrgans col·legiats.
d) Inventari, Balanç i Diari.
La comptabilitat s'ha de dur a terme d'acord amb les disposicions establertes a la legislació vigent.
Dins els dos mesos següents a la data en què hagin estat aprovats per l'Assemblea General, la Cooperativa ha de dipositar a la Direcció General els comptes anuals que han de comprendre, el balanç, el compte anual de pèrdues i guanys i la memòria explicativa de l'exercici.
CAPÍTOL IV.- ORGANITZACIÓ SOCIAL INTERNA
Article 31.- Elements bàsics
L'Organització social interna de la Cooperativa pot ser fixada per un Reglament de Règim Interior que s'ha d'aprovar per l'Assemblea General i del qual se n'ha de donar un exemplar a cada soci.
CAPÍTOL V.- DEL GOVERN, GESTIÓ I REPRESENTACIÓ DE LA COOPERATIVA
Article 32.- Òrgans socials
Els òrgans de la Societat Cooperativa són:
a) L'Assemblea General
b) El Consell Rector
c) La Intervenció de Comptes
d) La Direcció General
Article 33.- L'Assemblea General
L'Assemblea General, constituïda pels socis degudament reunits, és l'òrgan suprem d'expressió de la voluntat social.
Els seus acords són obligatoris per a tots els socis, fins i tot pels dissidents i pels que no haguessin participat a la reunió. Això no obstant, no impedeix la seva impugnació de conformitat amb el que disposen aquests Estatuts i la Llei de Cooperatives de Catalunya.
Article 34.- Competències de l'Assemblea General
Tots els assumptes de la Cooperativa poden ser objecte de debat a l'Assemblea General, sempre que la seva competència no correspongui a un altre òrgan social d'acord amb la Llei o aquests Estatuts. En tot cas, el seu acord és sempre preceptiu en els casos següents:
a) Nomenament i revocació dels càrrecs del Consell Rector, de la Intervenció de Comptes i dels Liquidadors, així com, si s'escau, l'establiment de les bases de determinació de la quantia de les seves retribucions.
b) L'examen de la gestió social i l'aprovació dels comptes anuals, de l'informe de gestió i de l'aplicació dels excedents, o de la imputació de pèrdues, si s'escau.
c) L'acord de noves aportacions obligatòries al capital social, l'admissió d'aportacions voluntàries i l'actualització de les aportacions dels socis al capital social.
d) Emissió d'obligacions, de títols participatius i d'altres formes de finançament.
e) Modificació dels Estatuts Socials i l'aprovació i la modificació dels Reglaments de Règim Intern de la Cooperativa.
f) La fusió, l'escissió, la dissolució i la transformació de la Cooperativa.
g) Les decisions que impliquin una modificació del que preveuen aquests Estatuts sobre l'estructura econòmica, social, organitzativa o funcional de la Cooperativa.
h) La constitució de Cooperatives de segon o d'ulterior grau i de grups cooperatius o l'adhesió als que ja existeixin, la participació en convenis intercooperatius i d'altres formes de participació previstes als articles 126 i 127 de la Llei de Cooperatives, així com l'adhesió a les entitats representatives i la separació d'aquestes entitats.
i) L'exercici de l'acció de responsabilitat contra els membres del Consell Rector, els Interventors de Comptes, els auditors i els Liquidadors.
j) La creació i la dissolució de seccions, conforme a la Llei de Cooperatives, i especialment de les seccions de crèdit, d'acord amb la seva normativa específica.
k) Tots aquells altres exigits per la Llei o pels Estatuts.
Aquestes competències de l'Assemblea General, sobre les quals s'ha de pronunciar preceptivament, són indelegables.
Article 35.- Classes d'Assemblees
L'Assemblea General pot ser ORDINÀRIA O EXTRAORDINÀRIA.
L'Assemblea Ordinària s'ha de reunir necessàriament una vegada a l'any, dins els sis mesos següents al tancament de l'exercici econòmic, essent les seves competències:
a) Examen de la gestió social.
b) Aprovació, si s'escau, dels comptes anuals, del balanç, del compte de resultats i de la memòria.
c) Distribució dels excedents i, si s'escau, imputació de les pèrdues.
d) Actualització de les aportacions del soci al capital social, si així ho proposés el Consell Rector.
Les Assemblees Generals Extraordinàries són totes aquelles en les quals es tractin exclusivament punts de l'Ordre del Dia diferents dels esmentats al paràgraf anterior.
Article 36.- Convocatòria de l'Assemblea General
L'Assemblea General, Ordinària o Extraordinària, ha de ser convocada pel Consell Rector, mitjançant un anunci en el tauler d'anuncis del domicili social, a tots els establiments, inclusiu el virtual, i centres de treball propis, amb una antelació mínima de quinze dies i màxima de trenta a la data prevista per la seva celebració.
La convocatòria ha d'expressar amb precisió i claredat els assumptes a tractar, el lloc, el dia i l'hora de la reunió, establint-se un marge de mitja hora entre la primera i la segona convocatòria. Pel nombre de socis que formen la Cooperativa, aquesta se celebrarà dins la localitat del domicili social, en un local que reuneixi les condicions adients.
El Consell Rector ha d'incloure a l'Ordre del Dia de la propera assemblea que s'hagi de celebrar els assumptes que hagin sol·licitat per escrit un grup de socis que representi, almenys, el deu per cent dels vots socials, sempre que aquests assumptes siguin competència de l'Assemblea, d'acord amb aquests Estatuts o amb la Llei.
Article 37.- Convocatòries especials
Si el Consell Rector no convoca l'Assemblea General Ordinària en el termini estipulat, qualsevol soci pot presentar una sol·licitud de convocatòria al jutge competent per raó de domicili social de la Cooperativa, adjuntant-hi una proposta d'Ordre del Dia. L'òrgan judicial, amb audiència prèvia del Consell Rector, ha de resoldre sobre la procedència de la convocatòria, l'Ordre del Dia, la data i el lloc de l'Assemblea i la persona que l'ha de presidir.
El Consell Rector pot convocar l'Assemblea General Extraordinària sempre que ho consideri convenient pels interessos de la Cooperativa. També caldrà que la convoqui quan ho sol·licitin els membres de la Intervenció de Comptes o un número de vots socials d'almenys cent socis indicant a la sol·licitud l'Ordre del Dia de l'Assemblea. El Consell Rector ha de convocar l'Assemblea General Extraordinària, sempre que els temes proposats a l'esmentat Ordre del Dia siguin competència de l'Assemblea, d'acord amb la Llei o amb aquests Estatuts i que s'hagin acomplert la resta de formalitats previstes a les normes mencionades. Si el Consell Rector no convoca l'Assemblea els sol·licitants podran instar la convocatòria de l'òrgan judicial competent en els mateixos termes previstos al paràgraf primer.
Article 38.- Constitució de l'Assemblea
L'Assemblea General queda vàlidament constituïda en primera convocatòria quan s'hi trobin reunits, presents o representats, més de la meitat dels seus socis. En cas que no fos així, la reunió es pot celebrar en segona convocatòria, que es considera vàlidament constituïda sigui quin sigui el nombre de socis assistents.
L'Assemblea és presidida per qui ostenta la Presidència del Consell Rector, o si no hi és, per qui n'ostenta la Vicepresidència, essent la seva funció la de dirimir i mantenir l'ordre en els debats amb les formalitats legalment exigides. Les funcions de Secretaria de l'Assemblea corresponen a qui ostenta aquest càrrec al Consell Rector. En cas de mancar-hi les persones que les substitueixen, la Presidència i la Secretaria de l'Assemblea l'ocuparan les persones nomenades expressament per la pròpia Assemblea.
L'Assemblea s'ha de reunir al lloc assenyalat pel Consell Rector en la localitat del domicili social.
Article 39.- Adopció d'acords
L'Assemblea General adopta els acords per majoria simple dels vots presents i representats, excepte els casos en els quals la Llei o aquests Estatuts requereixen majoria qualificada.
És necessari el vot de les dues terceres parts dels socis presents i representats per adoptar els acords relatius a la fusió, l'escissió, la transformació o la dissolució de la Cooperativa, l'emissió d'obligacions i títols participatius o l'exigència de noves aportacions obligatòries al capital social i, en general, qualsevol acord que impliqui una modificació dels Estatuts Socials.
L'acció de responsabilitat contra els membres del Consell Rector i la revocació d'algun càrrec social requereix la votació secreta i la majoria favorable de la meitat més un dels vots dels assistents, si constava a l'Ordre del Dia de la convocatòria, o la meitat més un dels vots socials, si no hi constava.
Els assumptes a tractar a l'Assemblea no poden ser altres que els establerts prèviament a l'Ordre del Dia, amb les següents excepcions:
a) Convocatòria d'una nova Assemblea General.
b) Realització de la censura de comptes pels membres de la Cooperativa o per una persona aliena.
c) Exercici de l'acció de responsabilitat contra els membres del Consell Rector o la revocació d'algun càrrec social.
Article 40.- Dret de vot i representació
Cada soci té dret a emetre un vot. Aquest dret pot exercir-se mitjançant un altre soci a l'Assemblea General. La representació ha d'ésser per escrit i expressa per a una sessió concreta i la seva admissió correspon al Consell Rector al començament de la sessió.
Cada soci no pot ostentar més que una sola representació, legal o voluntària, amb la qual cosa només podrà emetre dos vots.
El vot de les persones jurídiques l'ha d'exercir el seu representant legal.
Article 41.- Acta de la sessió
Finalitzada l'Assemblea General, s'ha d'elaborar una Acta de la sessió, signada pel President i el Secretari, la qual ha de recollir els punts següents:
- Lloc i data en què s'ha celebrat.
- Nombre d'assistents.
- Si s'ha dut a terme en primera o segona convocatòria.
- Resum dels assumptes tractats, amb els acords presos i el resultat de les votacions.
- Les intervencions dels socis, els quals demanin que constin en Acta.
L'aprovació de l'Acta pot realitzar-se de dues maneres:
a) A la pròpia Assemblea, immediatament finalitzat el tractament dels diferents punts de l'Ordre del Dia. En aquest cas, se suspendrà la sessió per redactar-la i fer-ne la lectura per ser aprovada pels presents, essent signada pels que han ostentat la Presidència i la Secretaria a l'Assemblea.
b) Dins els quinze dies següents a la celebració de l'Assemblea. En aquest cas ha de ser redactada i signada pel Secretari, amb el vistiplau del President de la
Cooperativa, a més de per dos socis interventors designats per fer-ho a la pròpia Assemblea.
El Consell Rector pot requerir la presència d'un notari perquè aixequi acta de l'Assemblea General, i queda obligat a fer-ho sempre que, amb cinc dies hàbils d'anticipació al dia en què s'ha convocat l'Assemblea, ho sol·liciti un grup de socis que representi almenys el cinc per cent dels vots socials. En aquest darrer cas, els acords només són eficaços si consten en una acta notarial. L'acta no s'ha de sotmetre al tràmit d'aprovació i el document notarial té la consideració d'acta de l'Assemblea General, la qual s'ha d'incorporar al llibre d'actes. L'executivitat d'aquestes actes resta sotmesa a allò establert a la Llei de Cooperatives.
Qualsevol soci pot sol·licitar certificacions dels acords presos i el Consell tindrà l'obligació de proporcionar-los-hi.
Article 42.- Impugnació dels acords socials
Els acords de l'Assemblea General que siguin contraris a la Llei, s'oposin als Estatuts o lesionin, en benefici d'un o diversos socis, adherits o tercers, els interessos de la Cooperativa poden ser impugnats segons les normes i en els terminis que estableix l'article 38 de la Llei 18/2002.
Article 43.- El Consell Rector
El Consell Rector és l'òrgan de govern i representació de la Societat, gestiona l'entitat i exerceix en el seu cas, el control permanent i directe de la gestió per part de la Direcció. En tot cas, té competència per establir les directrius generals d'actuació de la Cooperativa, amb subjecció a la política fixada per l'Assemblea General i per realitzar tots aquells actes que li vinguin atribuïts per la Llei o per aquests Estatuts.
Article 44.- Competències del Consell Rector
Correspon especialment al Consell Rector:
a) Executar i fer complir els presents Estatuts i els acords presos vàlidament per l'Assemblea General.
b) Regir i organitzar, amb les més àmplies prerrogatives, les actuacions socials en tots els seus aspectes i administrar els fons cooperatius.
c) L'Admissió de nous socis, l'acceptació de baixa dels mateixos i la seva expulsió.
d) Nomenar el Director General.
e) Representar la Societat en judici i fora del mateix, en tota classe d'actes i contractes i utilitzar la firma social. Adquirir els béns, drets i productes necessaris pel desenvolupament de les funcions pròpies de la Societat i concertar els compromisos, crèdits o emprèstits precisos pel millor acompliment de l'objecte social.
f) Lliurar, acceptar, endossar, domiciliar, negociar, cobrar i pagar lletres de canvi i altres documents de gir, així com el seu protest. Obrir i cancel·lar comptes corrents i de crèdit, davant tota mena d'entitats bancàries o de crèdit, tant de caràcter privat com en el Banc d'Espanya o altres de caràcter oficial i Caixes d'Estalvi, signant talons contra les mateixes i rebre el seu import, amb facultat per a subscriure o autoritzar tots els documents que siguin necessaris al respecte.
g) Recaptar els ingressos i realitzar els pagaments que procedeixin per raó de les operacions o actuacions socials, sigui en relació amb els particulars, com amb altres ens jurídics, públics o privats i Organismes de l'Administració Pública de l'Estat, Autonòmica, Provincial o Municipal.
h) Nomenar i separar tot el personal de l'entitat, sigui directiu o administratiu, tècnic o obrer, formant plantilles, fixant els seus deures i atribucions, les seves condicions laborals, així com les retribucions i, en general, establir l'organització funcional de la Cooperativa.
i) Contractar assegurances, pagar les seves primes i cobrar les indemnitzacions que fossin procedents.
j) Aixecar actes notarials i fer i contestar notificacions i requeriments.
k) Exercitar les accions judicials i extrajudicials que puguin correspondre a la societat, i en conseqüència representar a la mateixa en judici i fora del mateix i, per tant, comparèixer per sí o per mitjà de Procuradors (als quals podran conferir i revocar facultats) davant autoritats, centres i funcionaris de l'Estat, la Generalitat i altres Comunitats Autònomes, organismes autònoms, Província i Municipi i davant Societats i altres persones o entitats, en particular companyies subministradores d'aigua, gas, electricitat, telèfon i altres serveis públics i davant tota mena de jutjats, audiències, jurats, tribunals, delegacions, comissions, comitès, sindicats, fiscalies, juntes, ministeris, conselleries, caixes i instituts nacionals i davant aquests instar, seguir i acabar, com actor, demandat o en qualsevol altre concepte, tota mena de tràmits, expedients, judicis i procediments civils, penals, administratius, contenciosadministratius, econòmicadministratius, governatius i laborals en tots els graus, jurisdiccions i instàncies, elevant peticions i exercitant accions i excepcions en qualsevol procediment, tràmits i recursos, fins i tot els de cassació, revisió i nul·litat; prestar quan es requereixi la ratificació personal, absoldre posicions i, en general, realitzar tots els actes que permetin les respectives lleis de procediment.
l) Designar mandataris i conferir poders, tant de caràcter general com especials per a assumptes determinats, àdhuc per a relacions bancàries o de crèdit en qualsevulla de les seves manifestacions, amb l'abast i les limitacions que el propi Consell estimi pertinents, ja sigui a favor de membres del propi Consell, de la Cooperativa o de persones alienes a la Societat, podent alterar o revocar en qualsevol moment els apoderaments o mandats conferits.
m) Practicar operacions de tipus registral o immobiliari sobre els béns de la Companyia, fins i tot segregacions, divisions i declaracions d'obra nova.
n) Prendre part en concursos, subhastes, concursos/subhastes i en general licitacions davant organismes de l'Administració central, autonòmica, local, entitats i organismes autònoms i particulars, fent propostes, acceptant adjudicacions provisionals i definitives, constituint i retirant fiances i garanties provisionals i definitives i signant els documents públics i privats necessaris a l'efecte.
o) En general, tota mena d'actes i negocis jurídics de gestió, administració, disposició i gravamen.
L'anterior determinació de facultats del Consell Rector és només enunciativa i no limita de cap manera les atribucions que per qualsevol causa són de la seva competència per tal de governar, dirigir i administrar els interessos de la Cooperativa, en tot allò que no estigui expressament reservat a la competència d'altres òrgans d'aquesta.
Article 45.- Composició del Consell Rector
El Consell Rector es compon de cinc a nou membres, elegits tots ells d'entre els socis de la Cooperativa en votació secreta per l'Assemblea General.
Els càrrecs són President, Vicepresident, Secretari, Tresorer i la resta vocals. La seva distribució correspon al propi Consell Rector, llevat del cas de la Presidència i la Secretaria, els quals hauran de ser elegits expressament per l'Assemblea General per ocupar aquests càrrecs.
L'Assemblea General nomenarà suplents, els quals en cas de vacant definitiva substituiran els titulars pel temps que els restés.
Tant el nomenament dels membres titulars com el dels suplents s'han d'inscriure al Registre de Cooperatives.
Article 46.- Elecció del Consell Rector
1. Candidats a membres del Consell Rector.
Poden presentar-se com a candidats a l'elecció de membres del Consell Rector tots els socis amb una antiguitat mínima a la Cooperativa, almenys de dos anys, i que es trobin al corrent de les seves obligacions socials, en especial les de caràcter econòmic i que no presentin incompatibilitat legal amb el càrrec, d'acord amb l'article 53 d'aquests Estatuts.
D'acord amb l'article anterior, els membres del Consell Rector han de ser sempre persones físiques. Si el soci és una persona jurídica, en el moment de presentar la seva candidatura, ha de nomenar la persona física que la representi, que pot ser el seu representant legal o un membre del seu òrgan rector designat a aquests efectes i per a cada elecció. L'elegit ha d'actuar com si fos conseller en el seu propi nom i ostentar el càrrec durant tot el període, llevat del que disposin els Estatuts Socials. La persona física designada és qui serà membre del Consell Rector, en el cas de resultar elegida. És irrevocable per part de la persona jurídica la representació conferida, durant el període del mandat del membre del Consell Rector elegit, excepte en el cas que la persona física deixi l'entitat a través de la qual fou nomenada, o bé quan la persona jurídica sigui dissolta i liquidada o absorbida; en aquests darrers casos la persona física designada cessarà en el seu càrrec al Consell Rector.
Candidatures:
a) A la convocatòria de l'Assemblea General en la qual s'hagi d'elegir càrrecs socials s'indicaran les condicions previstes a aquests Estatuts per poder ser elegit, el procés electoral regulat en aquest precepte i els càrrecs socials, titulars i suplents, als quals afecta la renovació.
b) Poden ser candidats aquells socis que així ho manifestin al Consell Rector en el període que va des de la data de la convocatòria de l'Assemblea General i fins quinze dies abans que se celebri aquesta. Els candidats hauran de comunicar igualment al Consell Rector la seva edat, professió, domicili, número de soci i DNI/NIF, així com el càrrec per al qual el soci es presenta.
c) Es poden presentar llistes de candidatures compostes per un nombre de membres igual o inferior al de les vacants a cobrir, especificant, en tot cas, les persones que, encapçalant la llista, optin per la Presidència o per la Secretaria.
El Consell Rector ha de comprovar que els candidats no es troben en cap causa d'incompatibilitat, legal o estatutària, i que es troben al corrent de les seves obligacions socials; en cas contrari, el Consell no admetrà la seva candidatura, i els proposats com a suplents podran optar al càrrec de titular pel qual optava el candidat no acceptat.
Efectuades les actuacions previstes al paràgraf anterior, el Consell Rector ha de confeccionar la llista dels diferents candidats que es presenten a l'Assemblea General. Igualment, l'exclusió i l'acceptació com a candidat s'ha de notificar al soci o, a qui encapçala les candidatures col·lectives, en el termini màxim d'una setmana des de la presentació de les candidatures. Si amb la suma de tots els candidats no arribessin a cobrir les vacants dels càrrecs a elegir, el Consell Rector podrà completar-la mitjançant la proposta dels socis necessaris per ocupar la totalitat dels càrrecs que manquin per cobrir.
2. Votacions i eleccions
a) Els candidats i les candidatures seran notificats als socis en la mateixa forma que la prevista en aquests Estatuts per convocar les Assemblees.
b) Cada candidat o representant de candidatura que aquesta mateixa determini, disposarà d'un termini de deu minuts per exposar el seu programa a l'Assemblea General.
c) Finalitzades les presentacions de les candidatures per l'Assemblea General s'ha de procedir, per votació secreta, a elegir els membres del Consell Rector.
d) Cada soci podrà emetre el seu propi vot i representar un altre soci, d'acord amb l'article 40 d'aquests Estatuts .
e) Cada soci podrà votar, com a màxim, a tants candidats com llocs a cobrir hi hagin en el Consell Rector (titular i suplents) o una candidatura completa, o membres individuals d'aquesta candidatura.
f) Es proclamen membres del Consell Rector, tant titulars com suplents, els socis que, a l'acte de l'Assemblea General, rebin el màxim nombre de vots pel càrrec pel qual es presenten.
g) Cas de produir-se empat en la votació per cobrir cada plaça vacant, es procedirà a una nova votació entre els candidats empatats. En cas d'un segon empat, serà elegit el soci amb més antiguitat a la Cooperativa.
3. Candidatura única
En el supòsit que per algun o tots els càrrecs renovables a Conseller existís una sola candidatura, aquesta no serà sotmesa a votació, essent declarada electa sense cap altre requisit.
Article 47.- Durada, renovació, obligatorietat, revocació i gratuïtat, del càrrec de Conseller Els càrrecs del Consell Rector tenen una durada de quatre anys i es renoven per meitat de membres i de temps sense que coincideixin en les renovacions el President i el Secretari, podent ser reelegits en els seus càrrecs.
L'exercici del càrrec de Conseller és obligatori, llevat del cas de reelecció o una altra causa justa. L'Assemblea General pot acordar la revocació dels membres del Consell Rector abans del venciment del termini pel qual foren nomenats d'acord amb l'article 39 d'aquests Estatuts.
L'exercici del càrrec de Conseller és gratuït, podent ésser compensat per la Cooperativa de les despeses que ocasioni la seva funció.
Article 48.- Funcionament del Consell Rector
El Consell Rector s'ha de reunir amb caràcter ordinari, prèvia convocatòria pel seu President, almenys un cop cada tres mesos; amb caràcter extraordinari sempre que ho acordi el President o sigui sol·licitat per algun dels seus membres. En aquest darrer cas, si la sol·licitud no és atesa en el termini de deu dies, pot ser convocat per aquell que l'hagi feta, sempre que aconsegueixi a favor de la convocatòria l'adhesió, almenys, d'una tercera part dels membres del Consell.
Per tal que les deliberacions siguin vàlides, cal que assisteixin a la reunió més de la meitat dels seus components.
La representació d'un membre per un altre ha de ser admesa al començament de la sessió, prèvia acreditació per escrit i expressada per a una sessió concreta. Cada membre del Consell només pot representar-ne un altre.
Els acords s'adoptaran per majoria absoluta dels consellers presents.
Els membres del Consell Rector estan obligats a guardar secret professional després de finalitzar les seves funcions i són responsables de la seva gestió davant l'Assemblea General.
Article 49.- Delegació de Facultats del Consell Rector
El Consell Rector pot delegar facultats en un dels seus membres o en comissions compostes pels mateixos i creades a l'efecte. La delegació requereix el vot favorable de dos terços del Consell i cal que sigui inscrita en el Registre de Cooperatives corresponent. La delegació només pot abastar el tràfic empresarial normal de la Cooperativa.
El Consell Rector conserva sempre les facultats següents:
a) Fixar les directrius generals d'actuació de la gestió de la Cooperativa, amb subjecció a la política general establerta per l'Assemblea General.
b) Controlar permanentment i directament la gestió empresarial delegada.
c) Presentar a l'Assemblea General la memòria explicativa de la gestió, l'estat de comptes i la proposta d'imputació i assignació de resultats.
d) Autoritzar la prestació d'avals o fiances a favor d'altres persones.
Article 50.- La Direcció General
El Consell Rector ha de designar una persona per ocupar la Direcció General escollida entre qui tingui capacitat, preparació tècnica i experiència suficient per desenvolupar les funcions pròpies d'aquest càrrec, les quals consistiran a gestionar els assumptes pertinents al gir o tràfic empresarial de la Cooperativa.
El nomenament i el cessament de qui ocupi la Direcció General han de ser comunicats pel Consell Rector a la primera Assemblea General que es tingui posteriorment.
ARTICLE 51.- Dels deures de la Direcció General
La Direcció General, a més dels drets i les obligacions fixats al contracte corresponent i de l'acompliment de les directrius generals d'actuació establertes pel Consell Rector, ha de presentar-li, cada exercici econòmic, la memòria explicativa de la gestió de l'empresa, el balanç i el compte de resultats, per tal que en sigui informat, i presentar-los posteriorment a l'Assemblea General. D'aquesta documentació, se n'ha de trametre còpia als interventors de Comptes, als efectes previstos a l'article 55 d'aquests Estatuts.
Article 52.- Responsabilitats
Els membres del Consell Rector i el Director General han d'exercir els seus càrrecs amb la diligència que correspon a un lleial representant i a un ordenat gestor i respondre solidàriament, davant la societat i davant els socis, dels perjudicis causats per malícia, abús de facultats o negligència. Són exempts de responsabilitat els Consellers pels actes en els quals no han participat o pels acords en els quals hagin fet constar expressament el seu vot en contra, a l'acta de la sessió o per comunicació al Consell Rector, mitjançant un document fefaent, dins els deu dies següents a l'adopció de l'acord.
L'acció de responsabilitat contra els membres del Consell Rector pot ser exercida per la Cooperativa mitjançant acord de l'Assemblea General. Aquesta acció prescriu en el termini de tres anys des que va poder exercir-la. Si l'Assemblea acorda no exercitar aquesta acció o si la Cooperativa no interposa la corresponent demanda en el termini d'un mes des que s'adoptà l'acord per l'Assemblea, un grup de socis que representi, almenys, el cinc per cent dels vots dels socis podrà exercir-la.
D'acord amb la Llei, els creditors només podran exercitar l'acció de responsabilitat contra els membres del Consell Rector si aquesta no ha estat exercida per la societat o els socis i que a més, el patrimoni social resulti insuficient per satisfer els seus crèdits.
Queden salvades les accions d'indemnització que puguin correspondre als socis i als tercers pels actes del Consell Rector que lesionin directament els seus interessos. El termini de prescripció per establir l'acció corresponent és el previst en el paràgraf segon, si el demandat és soci, o el general establert a l'article 1968 del Codi Civil, si és un tercer.
L'acció en nom de la Cooperativa contra el Director General pot ser exercida pel Consell Rector previ acord dels dos terços dels seus membres.
Article 53.- Disposicions comunes al càrrec de Conseller i de la persona que ocupa el càrrec de Director General
No poden ésser membres del Consell Rector ni ocupar el càrrec de la Direcció:
a) El personal al servei de l'Administració Pública que tinguin encarregades tasques relacionades directament amb les activitats pròpies de la Cooperativa.
b) Els menors d'edat.
c) Els que exerceixin activitats complementàries de les de la Cooperativa o en competència amb ella, llevat que l'Assemblea els autoritzi expressament.
d) Els sotmesos a interdicció, els fallits o concursats no rehabilitats, els condemnats a penes que tinguin annexa la inhabilitació per l'exercici de càrrecs públics; els que hagin estat condemnats per greu incompliment de lleis o disposicions socials i els que per raó del seu càrrec no poden exercir el comerç.
Són incompatibles entre sí els càrrecs de membre del Consell Rector i la persona que ocupa el càrrec de Director General.
Article 54.- Conflicte d'interessos entre els membres del Consell Rector i la Cooperativa
Quan la Cooperativa s'hagués d'obligar amb qualsevol membre del Consell Rector o amb algun dels seus parents fins el quart grau de consanguinitat o el segon d'afinitat, ho ha d'autoritzar l'Assemblea General. Si les relacions són les pròpies de la condició de soci l'autorització no és necessària.
Els membres en els quals concorri la situació de conflicte d'interessos no poden prendre part en la votació corresponent. El contracte estipulat sense l'esmentada autorització és anul·lable llevat de si es procedeix a la seva ratificació. No queden afectats els drets adquirits per tercers de bona fe.
Article 55.- Presidència, Secretaria i Tresoreria
La Presidència del Consell Rector, que ho és també de la Cooperativa, té atribuïda a nom seu la representació legal de la Societat i la presidència dels seus òrgans.
Correspon a la Presidència:
a) La representació legal de la Cooperativa, actuant en nom seu en tota classe d'actes i davant tota mena d'organismes, autoritats, tribunals, corporacions i altres ens públics i privats.
b) Presidir les sessions de l'Assemblea General i del Consell Rector dirigint els debats i les deliberacions.
c) Vetllar per l'execució dels acords del Consell Rector i executar-los.
d) Donar el vistiplau a les actes i certificacions i portar la firma social.
e) Atorgar a favor d'Advocats i Procuradors dels Tribunals, amb les més àmplies facultats, poders generals, especials i per a plets.
f) Quantes funcions li siguin encomanades per l'Assemblea General i pel Consell Rector, o resultin dels Estatuts Socials o de la legislació vigent.
Correspon a la Secretaria:
a) Custodiar els llibres, documents i segells de la Cooperativa, exceptuant-ne els comptables.
b) Redactar les actes de l'Assemblea General i del Consell Rector.
c) Lliurar certificacions autoritzades amb la firma del President, amb referència als llibres i documents socials.
d) Efectuar les notificacions procedents dels acords presos per l'Assemblea General i el Consell Rector.
Correspon a la Tresoreria:
a) Custodiar els fons de la Cooperativa.
b) Custodiar i portar els llibres de comptabilitat.
c) Comunicar immediatament al Consell Rector l'incompliment o irregularitats que es produeixin en els cobraments, els pagaments i en general, en la gestió econòmica de la Cooperativa.
Article 56.- La Intervenció de Comptes
L'Assemblea General ha de nomenar d'entre els seus socis d'un a tres Interventors de Comptes, els quals exerceixen el seu càrrec durant quatre anys.
El càrrec és gratuït, si bé pot ésser compensat per la Cooperativa de les despeses que ocasioni el seu exercici.
La condició d'Interventor és incompatible amb la de membre del Consell Rector, o els seus parents fins el quart grau de consanguinitat o el segon d'afinitat.
Article 57.- Funcions dels Interventors
Els Interventors han de presentar a l'Assemblea General, al tancament de cada exercici econòmic, un informe detallat sobre la memòria explicativa de la societat, el balanç, el compte de resultats i altres documents que preceptivament s'hagin de sotmetre a l'Assemblea per a la seva aprovació. El termini de què disposen és de trenta dies des que se li lliura la documentació.
L'Assemblea General pot prendre l'acord de sotmetre els comptes de l'exercici econòmic a la verificació de persones alienes a la Cooperativa, expertes en matèria comptable.
Els Interventors tenen dret en qualsevol moment a comprovar la documentació de la Cooperativa i, en cas de discrepància entre ells, poden emetre informe separadament.
CAPÍTOL VI.- DE LA MODIFICACIÓ, DISSOLUCIÓ I LIQUIDACIÓ DE LA COOPERATIVA.
Article 58.- Modificació dels Estatuts Socials.
L'Assemblea General ha d'adoptar l'acord de modificació dels Estatuts Socials amb una majoria de dos terços dels vots presents i representats.
Per a la inscripció en el Registre de Cooperatives de la modificació dels Estatuts Socials, cal adjuntar la sol·licitud d'inscripció amb la certificació de l'Acta corresponent elevada a Escriptura Pública.
Article 59.- Fusió.
La fusió amb una o més cooperatives és possible si l'objecte social de totes no és incompatible, d'acord amb allò previst als articles 24 a 78 de la Llei de Cooperatives de Catalunya.
L'Assemblea General ha de prendre l'acord amb el vot favorable de les dues terceres parts dels vots socials presents o representats. L'acord es publica al Diari Oficial de la Generalitat i en dos diaris de gran circulació en l'àmbit territorial on les cooperatives fusionades tinguin el seu domicili social i no pot ésser executat fins passat un mes des de la data de l'últim anunci. Si durant aquest període s'hi oposa algun creditor, l'acord no es pot portar a efecte sense que, prèviament, siguin assegurats o satisfets els drets d'aquest creditor, el qual no es pot oposar al pagament encara que es tracti de crèdits no vençuts.
Els socis, així com els patrimonis de les Cooperatives que es dissolguin, es traspassen en bloc a la nova Societat Cooperativa que es creï, o a la que substitueixi, la qual ha de reunir tots els drets i les obligacions de les Cooperatives dissoltes. Els seus fons socials, tant voluntaris com obligatoris, passen a integrar-se en el fons de la societat nova o absorbent.
Article 60.- Escissió i transformació de la Cooperativa.
L'Assemblea General pot acordar la transformació o l'escissió de la Cooperativa en dues o més parts si hi hagués l'acord amb el vot favorable de les dues terceres parts dels vots socials presents o representats.
A efectes formals, s'apliquen a l'escissió i a la transformació les normes establertes, respectivament, els articles 83 i 84 de la Llei de Cooperatives, tenint en compte, en tot cas, que si la Cooperativa traspassa en bloc el seu patrimoni a entitats no cooperatives, siguin de nova creació o preexistent, s'han de respectar les normes sobre el destí dels fons socials irrepartibles prevista per als supòsits de transformació de la Cooperativa en una altra persona jurídica.
S'han de respectar, en tot cas, el dret dels socis dissidents amb els acords a causar baixa, la qual té la consideració de justificada, conforme la Llei i l'article 11 d'aquests Estatuts socials.
Article 61.- Dissolució i liquidació.
Són causes de dissolució de la Cooperativa:
a) L'Acord de l'Assemblea General, expressament convocada.
b) La finalització de l'objecte social o la impossibilitat de realitzar-lo.
c) La reducció del nombre de socis per sota del mínim legalment establert, si es manté durant més de sis mesos.
d) La reducció del capital social per sota del mínim establert estatutàriament, si es manté durant més de sis mesos.
e) La fusió, l'escissió o la transformació que comportin la desaparició de la Societat.
f) El concurs o la fallida, sempre que ho acordi l'Assemblea General com a conseqüència de la resolució judicial que la declari.
g) Qualsevol altre causa establerta a la Llei.
La societat conserva la seva personalitat jurídica mentre es practica la liquidació, en aquest període cal afegir a la denominació social la frase "en liquidació".
L'acord de dissolució, a més d'inscriure's en el Registre de Cooperatives, s'ha de publicar en el Diari Oficial de la Generalitat de Catalunya i a dos diaris de gran difusió a Catalunya. L'acord publicat ha d'incloure el nomenament del liquidador o dels liquidadors de la Societat.
Article 62.- Nomenament i atribucions dels liquidadors.
Un cop adoptat l'acord de dissolució s'obre el període de liquidació i el Consell Rector, la Direcció i la Intervenció de Comptes cessen en les funcions respectives. En el seu lloc, l'Assemblea General ha d'elegir en votació secreta tres socis liquidadors. Si cap dels socis no volgués acceptar el càrrec, els ha de nomenar entre persones físiques o jurídiques que no en siguin sòcies, però en el cas que l'Assemblea no nomeni liquidadors, el Consell Rector adquireix automàticament aquesta condició.
Conforme a la Llei, els liquidadors han de fer totes les funcions que calguin per a la liquidació de la Cooperativa i durant aquest període es reunirà l'Assemblea General quan procedeixi, a la qual els liquidadors han de donar comptes de la gestió i del balanç corresponent per a la seva aprovació.
Els liquidadors duran a terme totes les operacions necessàries per a la liquidació de la Societat i els correspondrà especialment:
a) Subscriure, juntament amb el Consell Rector, l'inventari i el balanç de la Cooperativa en el moment de l'inici de llurs funcions, referits al dia en què s'iniciï la liquidació.
b) Portar i custodiar els llibres socials i la correspondència de la Cooperativa, vetllant per la integritat del seu patrimoni.
c) Realitzar les operacions pendents i les noves que calguin per a la liquidació de la Societat.
d) Alienar els béns socials.
e) Reclamar i percebre els crèdits pendents, àdhuc per via judicial, podent atorgar al respecte poders per a plets a favor d'advocats i procuradors.
f) Pagar els creditors, siguin socis o tercers.
g) Convenir transaccions o compromisos si convé als interessos socials.
h) Ostentar la representació de la Cooperativa, pel compliment de les funcions encomanades.
Article 63.- Adjudicació de l'haver social.
L'Assemblea General ha de fixar les normes segons les quals s'ha de practicar l'adjudicació de l'haver social, respectant l'ordre que disposa la Llei de Cooperatives de Catalunya:
a) Respectar íntegrament el Fons d'Educació i Promoció Cooperativa.
b) Liquidar els deutes socials.
c) Reintegrar als socis, les seves aportacions al capital social, actualitzades si així està previst.
El romanent, d'haver-n'hi, es destinarà al Fons d'Educació i Promoció Cooperativa i serà transferit a l'Entitat Federativa a la qual la Cooperativa estigui afiliada. De no ser així, l'Assemblea decidirà a quina Federació de Catalunya es destinarà aquest Fons i de no fer-ho, el Consell Superior de la Cooperació decidirà el seu destí.
Article 64.- Operacions finals.
Finalitzada la liquidació, els liquidadors realitzaran el balanç final, que s'ha de sotmetre a la decisió de l'Assemblea. Si aquesta no es pot dur a terme, s'ha de publicar el balanç en la mateixa manera establerta per l'acord de liquidació. Passats sis mesos des de la publicació del balanç final, sense que ningú no l'hagi impugnat, s'entén que ha estat aprovat.
Aprovat el balanç, els liquidadors han de procedir a adjudicar l'haver social i sol·licitar, en el termini de quinze dies, la cancel·lació dels assentaments registrals davant el registre corresponent, dipositant-hi els llibres i els documents relatius al tràfic de la Cooperativa.
DISPOSICIÓ ADDICIONAL
Aquesta Cooperativa té la condició de majorista i pot detallar com minorista. El lliurament de béns i la prestació de serveis de la Cooperativa no tenen la condició de vendes ja que es tracta dels consumidors agrupats que els han adquirit conjuntament.
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Valhalla School Foundation - AGM Meeting
March 31, 2021 @7:00pm via Zoom
All are welcome to attend.
Please contact the school to receive the Zoom link invite.
IMPORTANT POINTS:
1. There are vacant Director positions that need to be filled!!
Nomination packages are available at the office. They can be completed and dropped off at the office by March 17th. Or email one of the below and let us know you’re interested or to enquire.
Becoming a Director is a great way to be involved in the ongoing direction of the school.
2. The board committees are in need of members!!
The committees include:
- Program and Strategic Planning
- Governance / HR policy development
- Finance
Being a committee member is also a great way to be hands on in the development of policy and have a voice in the direction of the school!!
We’re so thankful you’re a part of our school community and we really value your input!
Inquiries about these positions can be directed to:
Board Chair- Nancy Westad: firstname.lastname@example.org
Superintendent -Darwin Eckstrom: email@example.com
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Logo – MINIĆI / B
- OSNOVNE ŠKOLE -
3. zadatak
SUNCE
60 bodova
Napiši program SUNCE :n :r :d koji će nacrtati sunce sa :n zraka kao u primjerima dolje. Sunce se nalazi točno u središtu ekrana. Polumjer kružnice je :r, a duljina zraka izvan kružnice je :d. Program treba snimiti pod imenom SUNCE.LGO
Varijable :n, :d, :r mogu biti brojevi veći ili jednaki 0 !
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MINISTARSTVO FINANCIJA
2616
Na temelju članka 37. stavka 1. točke e) Zakona o sustavu unutarnjih financijskih kontrola u javnom sektoru (»Narodne novine«, broj 141/06) ministrica financija donosi
PRAVILNIK
O PROVEDBI FINANCIJSKOG UPRAVLJANJA I KONTROLA U JAVNOM SEKTORU
I. OPĆE ODREDBE
Članak 1.
Ovim se Pravilnikom ureñuje provedba i koordinacija provedbe financijskog upravljanja i kontrola, izvješćivanje o financijskom upravljanju i kontrolama te provjera kvalitete financijskog upravljanja i kontrola.
Članak 2.
Odredbe ovog Pravilnika odnose se na proračunske i izvanproračunske korisnike državnog proračuna i proračuna jedinica lokalne i područne (regionalne) samouprave utvrñene u Registru proračunskih i izvanproračunskih korisnika i na jedinice lokalne i područne (regionalne) samouprave (dalje u tekstu: korisnici proračuna).
Članak 3.
Financijsko upravljanje i kontrole provode se u svim ustrojstvenim jedinicama i na svim razinama korisnika proračuna, obuhvaća sve poslovne transakcije, a posebice one vezane uz planiranje i izvršavanje proračuna odnosno financijskog plana, javnu nabavu, računovodstvo i izvještavanje.
Članak 4.
(1) Čelnik korisnika proračuna odgovoran je za uspostavu, razvoj i provedbu adekvatnog, učinkovitog i djelotvornog sustava financijskog upravljanja i kontrola.
(2) Osim čelnika korisnika proračuna, za uspostavu, razvoj i provedbu sustava financijskog upravljanja i kontrola odgovorni su čelnici unutarnjih ustrojstvenih jedinica odnosno osobe na koje je čelnik korisnika proračuna prenio ovlasti i odgovornosti sukladno aktima o unutarnjem ustrojstvu i internim odlukama.
(3) Prenošenje ovlasti i odgovornosti ne isključuje odgovornost čelnika korisnika proračuna.
II. PROVEDBA FINANCIJSKOG UPRAVLJANJA I KONTROLA
Članak 5.
(1) Financijsko upravljanje i kontrole provode se putem meñusobno povezanih komponenata razrañenih u metodološkom okviru za provedbu financijskog upravljanja i kontrola koji je dan u Dodatku ovoga Pravilnika i njegov je sastavni dio.
(2) Aktivnosti, postupke i načine sadržane u metodološkom okviru za provedbu financijskog upravljanja i kontrola korisnici proračuna provode u skladu sa zakonskim i podzakonskim propisima koji ureñuju pojedina područja poslovanja korisnika proračuna te uputama i smjernicama Središnje harmonizacijske jedinice Ministarstva financija.
Članak 6.
(1) Korisnici proračuna u obvezi su planirati aktivnosti na uspostavi i razvoju financijskog upravljanja i kontrola.
(2) Središnja tijela državne uprave, izvanproračunski korisnici državnog proračuna, županije, županijska središta, Grad Zagreb i veliki gradovi iznad 35 000 stanovnika, planiranje aktivnosti na uspostavi i razvoju financijskog upravljanja i kontrola provode donošenjem Plana uspostave i razvoja financijskog upravljanja i kontrola.
(3) Plan uspostave i razvoja financijskog upravljanja i kontrola iz stavka 2. ovog članka donosi se godišnje i sadrži pregled aktivnosti koje se planiraju poduzeti u cilju rješavanja:
a) uočenih nedostataka prilikom izrade Godišnjeg izvješća o sustavu financijskog upravljanja i kontrola,
b) nalaza i preporuka unutarnje revizije,
c) uočenih nedostataka prilikom izrade Izjave o fiskalnoj odgovornosti,
d) nalaza i preporuka Državnog ureda za reviziju te
e) drugih mjera predviñenih za daljnji razvoj financijskog upravljanja i kontrola.
Sastavni dio Plana uspostave i razvoja financijskog upravljanja i kontrola je izvješće o realizaciji aktivnosti iz prethodne godine.
(4) Upute za izradu i donošenje Plana uspostave i razvoja financijskog upravljanja i kontrola priprema Središnja harmonizacijska jedinica Ministarstva financija.
(5) Plan uspostave i razvoja financijskog upravljanja i kontrola priprema voditelj za financijsko upravljanje i kontrole u suradnji s čelnicima unutarnjih ustrojstvenih jedinica, a odobrava čelnik korisnika proračuna.
(6) Korisnik proračuna iz stavka 2. ovoga članka Plan uspostave i razvoja financijskog upravljanja i kontrola za tekuću godinu dostavlja Središnjoj harmonizacijskoj jedinici Ministarstva financija do 31. ožujka tekuće godine.
(7) Korisnici proračuna koji nisu navedeni u stavku 2. ovoga članka planiranje aktivnosti na uspostavi i razvoju financijskog upravljanja i kontrola provode donošenjem Plana otklanjanja slabosti i nepravilnosti koji se prilaže uz Izjavu o fiskalnoj odgovornosti sukladno Uredbi o sastavljanju i predaji Izjave o fiskalnoj odgovornosti i izvještaja o primjeni fiskalnih pravila.
III. KOORDINACIJA PROVEDBE FINANCIJSKOG UPRAVLJANJA I KONTROLA
Članak 7.
(1) Koordinaciju aktivnosti vezanih za financijsko upravljanje i kontrole na razini korisnika proračuna operativno provodi ustrojstvena jedinica za financije i proračun.
(2) Čelnik korisnika proračuna imenuje osobu nadležnu za financije i proračun voditeljem za financijsko upravljanje i kontrole.
(3) Čelnik korisnika proračuna uvažavajući potrebe i posebnosti u poslovanju korisnika proračuna može imenovati koordinatora za financijsko upravljanje i kontrole ili ustrojiti jedinicu za financijsko upravljanje i kontrole. Ukoliko se imenuje koordinator za financijsko upravljanje i kontrole ili ustrojava jedinica za financijsko upravljanje i kontrole treba osigurati da je isti imenovan ili uspostavljena, u pravilu, unutar ustrojstvene jedinice za financije i proračun.
(4) Iznimno od odredbi stavka 2. ovoga članka kada je ustrojstvena jedinica za financije i proračun u sastavu neke druge ustrojstvene jedinice, čelnik korisnika proračuna može za voditelja financijskog upravljanja i kontrole imenovati čelnika te ustrojstvene jedinice uz uvjet da osobu nadležnu za financije i proračun imenuje za koordinatora za financijsko upravljanje i kontrole.
(5) Korisnici proračuna iz članka 6. stavka 7. Pravilnika koji nemaju ustrojenu jedinicu za financije i proračun nisu u obvezi imenovati voditelja za financijsko upravljanje i kontrole, odnosno odluku o imenovanju voditelja za financijsko upravljanje i kontrole i/ili koordinatora za financijsko upravljanje i kontrole čelnik korisnika proračuna donosi prema vlastitoj procjeni.
Članak 8.
Koordinacija aktivnosti iz članka 7. ovoga Pravilnika uključuje sljedeće:
a) pružanje savjeta i potpore čelniku korisnika proračuna o načinu uspostave, provedbe i razvoja financijskog upravljanja i kontrole na razini korisnika proračuna
b) pružanje savjeta i potpore čelnicima unutarnjih ustrojstvenih jedinica o načinu uspostave, provedbe i razvoja financijskog upravljanja i kontrole u dijelu za koji su oni nadležni
c) pripremu i praćenje provedbe Plana uspostave i razvoja financijskog upravljanja i kontrola u skladu s uputama Središnje harmonizacijske jedinice Ministarstva financija
d) pripremu Godišnjeg izvješća o sustavu financijskog upravljanja i kontrola u skladu s Naputkom za izradu godišnjeg izvješća o sustavu unutarnjih financijskih kontrola u javnom sektoru
e) koordinaciju izrade internih akata iz proračunskog ciklusa (pravilnika, naputaka, uputa, smjernica) kojima se razrañuju postupci, definiraju nadležnosti i odgovornosti svih sudionika te ureñuju kontrolne aktivnosti u procesu planiranja, programiranja, izrade i realizacije financijskog plana te u procesu nabave i ugovaranja
f) suradnju sa Središnjom harmonizacijskom jedinicom Ministarstva financija.
Članak 9.
Korisnik proračuna razine razdjela državnog proračuna odnosno jedinica lokalne i područne (regionalne) samouprave u obvezi je surañivati i koordinirati razvoj financijskog upravljanja i kontrola s proračunskim i izvanproračunskim korisnicima u svom sastavu u dijelu koji se odnosi na:
a) praćenje provedbe financijskog upravljanja i kontrola kod proračunskih izvanproračunskih korisnika u svom sastavu
i
b) davanje uputa i smjernica proračunskim i izvanproračunskim korisnicima u svom sastavu u skladu s uputama Središnje harmonizacijske jedinice Ministarstva financija
c) koordinaciju izrade internih akata iz proračunskog ciklusa koji ureñuju odnose s proračunskim i izvanproračunskim korisnicima u svom sastavu.
IV. IZVJEŠĆIVANJE O SUSTAVU FINANCIJSKOG UPRAVLJANJA I KONTROLA TE PROVJERA KVALITETE FINANCIJSKOG UPRAVLJANJA I KONTROLA
Članak 10.
(1) Godišnje izvješće o sustavu financijskog upravljanja i kontrola u obvezi su izraditi korisnici proračuna navedeni u članku 6. stavku 2. ovoga Pravilnika.
(2) Godišnje izvješće o sustavu financijskog upravljanja i kontrola dostavlja se Središnjoj harmonizacijskoj jedinici Ministarstva financija do 31. siječnja tekuće za prethodnu godinu.
(3) Oblik, sadržaj, postupci i rokovi predaje Godišnjeg izvješća o sustavu financijskog upravljanja i kontrola ureñeni su Naputkom za izradu godišnjeg izvješća o sustavu unutarnjih financijskih kontrola u javnom sektoru.
Članak 11.
Korisnici proračuna koji nisu obveznici izrade Godišnjeg izvješća o sustavu financijskog upravljanja i kontrola, izvješćuju o funkcioniranju sustava financijskog upravljanja i kontrola podnošenjem Izjave o fiskalnoj odgovornosti sukladno Uredbi o sastavljanju i predaji Izjave o fiskalnoj odgovornosti i izvještaja o primjeni fiskalnih pravila.
Članak 12.
(1) Provjeru kvalitete financijskog upravljanja i kontrola obavlja Središnja harmonizacijska jedinica Ministarstva financija s ciljem praćenja provedbe i prikupljanja informacija za poboljšanje metodologije i standarda rada.
(2) Provjera kvalitete provodi se redovitom godišnjom i povremenom provjerom financijskog upravljanja i kontrola. Redovita godišnja provjera kvalitete provodi se na temelju godišnjih izvješća korisnika proračuna o financijskom upravljanju i kontrolama. Povremenu provjeru kvalitete financijskog upravljanja i kontrola provode zaposlenici Središnje harmonizacijske jedinice Ministarstva financija prateći provedbu planiranih aktivnosti na uspostavi i razvoju financijskog upravljanja i kontrola.
V. PRIJELAZNE I ZAVRŠNE ODREDBE
Članak 13.
Središnja harmonizacijska jedinica Ministarstva financija donijet će Upute za izradu Plana uspostave financijskog upravljanja i kontrola u roku 60 dana od stupanja na snagu ovoga Pravilnika.
Članak 14.
Stupanjem na snagu ovog Pravilnika prestaje važiti Pravilnik o provedbi financijskog upravljanja i kontrola u javnom sektoru (»Narodne novine« br. 35/08).
Članak 15.
Ovaj Pravilnik stupa na snagu osmoga dana od dana objave u »Narodnim novinama«.
Klasa: 011-01/11-01/393
Urbroj: 513-10/11-1
Zagreb, 7. studenoga 2011.
Ministrica financija mr. sc. Martina Dalić, v. r.
DODATAK
METODOLOŠKI OKVIR ZA PROVEDBU FINANCIJSKOG UPRAVLJANJA I KONTROLA
Metodološki okvir za provedbu financijskog upravljanja i kontrola sadrži razradu komponenti financijskog upravljanja i kontrola iz članka 5. ovoga Pravilnika s pregledom aktivnosti, načina i postupaka koje obuhvaća provedba financijskog upravljanja i kontrola.
I. Kontrolno okruženje
(a) Osobni i profesionalni integritet te etičke vrijednosti zaposlenika
Obuhvaća
* aktivnosti vezane uz utvrñivanje i poštivanje etičkih vrijednosti i pravila ponašanja zaposlenika
* postupke upoznavanja zaposlenika s etičkim vrijednostima i pravilima ponašanja
* postupke koji osiguravaju izbjegavanje situacija potencijalnih sukoba interesa
* postupke po uočenim i prijavljenim situacijama neetičnog ponašanja.
(b) Rukovoñenje i stil upravljanja
Obuhvaća
* načine na koji rukovodstvo korisnika proračuna upravlja, vodi i nadgleda poslovanje te kakav stav ima prema sustavima unutarnjih financijskih kontrola
* načine na koji najviša razine rukovodstva raspravlja o ciljevima i rizicima, planovima rada, proračunu/financijskom planu, realizaciji postavljenih ciljeva, odstupanjima u realizaciji postavljenih ciljeva i očekivanih rezultata te mjerama za rješavanje uočenih odstupanja
* komunikaciju izmeñu rukovodstva i zaposlenika na način da su zaposlenici upoznati s ciljevima i razumiju kako se ciljevi ustrojstvene jedinice uklapaju u ciljeve korisnika proračuna, a rukovodstvo ima povratne informacije o realizaciji postavljenih ciljeva, mogućim poteškoćama i rizicima te prilikama za poboljšanje poslovanja.
(c) Odreñivanje misije, vizije i ciljeva
Obuhvaća
* aktivnosti vezane uz utvrñivanje misije i vizije
* aktivnosti vezane uz utvrñivanje strateških ciljeva i načina njihova ostvarenja te utvrñivanje pokazatelja uspješnosti
* načine povezivanja strateških planskih dokumenata i programa s operativnim planovima (npr. godišnjim planovima rada, planovima nabave, planovima zapošljavanja, planovima investicija, planovima održavanja, planovima opremanja i drugim dokumentima) kako bi svakodnevno poslovanje bilo u potpori realizacije postavljenih ciljeva.
* načine povezivanja strateških i operativnih planskih dokumenata s financijskim planom, kako bi se u postavljanju ciljeva uzela u obzir financijska ograničenja kao i svi mogući izvori financiranja, a u realizaciji pratili operativni i financijski učinci.
(d) Organizacijska struktura, uključujući dodjelu ovlasti i odgovornosti te uspostava odgovarajuće linije izvješćivanja
Obuhvaća
* aktivnosti vezane uz uspostavu i ažuriranje organizacijske strukture na način da ista podupire realizaciju temeljnih funkcija korisnika proračuna i postavljenih ciljeva poslovanja
* način na koji su unutar organizacijske strukture ureñene ovlasti i odgovornosti za realizaciju temeljnih funkcija poslovanja
* način na koji su unutar organizacijske strukture ureñene ovlasti i odgovornosti za realizaciju ciljeva i upravljanje proračunskim sredstvima koja se dodjeljuju ustrojstvenim jedinicama za realizaciju programa, projekata, aktivnosti iz njihove nadležnosti, temeljeno na aktima o unutarnjem ustrojstvu te organizacijskoj i programskoj klasifikaciji proračuna, odnosno financijskog plana
* način uspostave odgovarajućih linija izvješćivanja za potrebe nadzora, praćenja realizacije postavljenih ciljeva i ostvarenih rezultata.
(e) Praksa upravljanja ljudskim potencijalima i kompetentnost zaposlenika
Obuhvaća
* aktivnosti vezane uz utvrñivanje znanja i vještina potrebnih za svako radno mjesto
* aktivnosti vezane za planiranje broja zaposlenih, zapošljavanje, izobrazbu i ocjenjivanje zaposlenika
* aktivnosti vezane uz razvoj vještina zaposlenih potrebnih za poboljšanje učinkovitosti
* izradu planova izobrazbe i voñenje očevidnika o izobrazbi.
II. Upravljanje rizicima
Obuhvaća
Aktivnosti vezane uz razvoj upravljanja rizicima kao sastavnog dijela procesa upravljanja, osobito planiranja i donošenja odluka, što uključuje:
* utvrñivanje rizika u odnosu na ciljeve iz strateških i operativnih planova, programa, projekata i aktivnosti te poslovnih procesa
* procjenjivanje vjerojatnosti nastanka rizika i njihovih učinaka
* utvrñivanje načina postupanja po rizicima koji su neprihvatljivi
* dokumentiranje podataka o rizicima u registre rizika
* izvješćivanje o najznačajnijim rizicima i aktivnostima u upravljanju rizicima
* donošenje strategije upravljanja rizicima.
III. Kontrolne aktivnosti
Obuhvaćaju
* pisana pravila, uključujući interne procedure (pravilnike, naputke, smjernice, upute) kojima se razrañuju postupci, definiraju nadležnosti i odgovornosti svih sudionika te ureñuju kontrolni postupci, osobito u procesima vezanim za strateško planiranje, izradu i realizaciju financijskog plana, nabavu i ugovaranje, evidenciju poslovnih dogañaja i transakcija, upravljanje imovinom (materijalnom i nematerijalnom), naplatu vlastitih prihoda, povrat neopravdano utrošenih ili pogrešno isplaćenih proračunskih sredstava
* postupke i druge mjere koje se uspostavljaju radi ostvarenja ciljeva korisnika proračuna smanjenjem rizika na prihvatljivu razinu, što uključuje:
– postupke odobrenja nakon provedbe preventivnih i detektivnih kontrola kako bi se osiguralo da se odreñene transakcije i poslovni dogañaji provode tek nakon provedenih kontrola (provjere zakonitosti i regularnosti predložene transakcije, raspoloživosti proračunskih sredstava, ekonomske isplativosti i drugo) i odobrenja od strane osoba kojima je to u djelokrugu ovlasti
– evidentiranje i odobrenje iznimaka kako bi se osiguralo da se slučajevi prekoračenja ili odstupanja od utvrñenih postupaka uslijed izuzetnih okolnosti dokumentiranju, obrazlože i odobre na odgovarajućoj razini prije poduzimanja mjera
– postupak prijenosa ovlasti i odgovornosti kako bi se osiguralo da su ovlasti i odgovornosti formalno utvrñene, jasno definirane i dodijeljene pojedincu
– razdvajanje dužnosti u dijelu davanja ovlasti za pripremu, obradu, evidentiranje i plaćanje kako bi se osiguralo da nijedan pojedinac nije istovremeno odgovoran za pokretanje transakcije, odobrenje transakcije, evidentiranje transakcije, usklañivanja te pregledavanja izvješća, a u cilju da se smanji mogućnost da jedna osoba bude u situaciji učiniti i sakriti pogreške, nepravilnosti i prijevare u obavljanju svoje dužnosti
– sustav dvostrukog potpisa
– postupci koji osiguravaju zaštitu imovine i informacija od neovlaštenog otuñenja i fizičkih oštećenja
– postupke koji ureñuju način osiguranja naplate potraživanja, osiguranja dobro izvršenog posla ili drugih obveza iz ugovornog odnosa
– postupci potpunog, točnog, pravilnog i ažurnog evidentiranja svih poslovnih transakcija
– davanje uputa za rad i odgovarajuća izobrazba zaposlenika kako bi se osiguralo razumijevanje i postupanja u skladu s procedurama koje koristi korisnik proračuna, a u cilju smanjenja grešaka, nepravilnosti, rastrošnosti i prijevara
– postupke nadziranja rada zaposlenika kako bi se osiguralo da se rad odvija prema planu i u skladu s važećim procedurama
– postupke praćenja kontrolnih postupaka kako bi se osiguralo da se kontrole provode kako je planirano i da se mijenjaju u skladu s promjenama i uvjetima okruženja, da se evidentiraju utvrñeni nedostaci u unutarnjoj kontroli, odnosno uvjeti koji narušavaju sposobnost korisnika proračuna u realizaciji temeljnih funkcija korisnika proračuna i postavljenih ciljeva poslovanja, kao i ispravljanje nedostataka
– pravila dokumentiranja svih kontrola, financijskih odluka, iznimaka u odnosu na pravila, transakcija, evidentiranja i radnji vezanih uz aktivnosti korisnika proračuna
– odgovarajuće mehanizme nadzora, uključujući naknadnu kontrolu uzorkovanjem transakcija kako bi se osiguralo da se postupci uspostavljeni od čelnika korisnika proračuna provode efikasno.
Prethodno navedeni postupci i mjere uspostavljaju se u poslovnim procesima i transakcijama kao:
* prethodne kontrole usmjerene na osiguranje zakonitosti i pravilnosti financijskih i drugih odluka i to prije donošenja financijskih odluka odnosno prije odlučivanja o korištenju proračunskih sredstava i tijekom realizacije financijskih i drugih odluka, zaključno do faze plaćanja
* naknadne kontrole usmjerene na osiguranje zakonitog, svrhovitog i pravodobnog prikupljanja i korištenja proračunskih sredstava, ostvarivanja očekivanih rezultata te otkrivanja možebitnih pogrešaka, odstupanja i nepravilnosti.
IV. Informacije i komunikacije
Obuhvaćaju
* aktivnosti vezane za uspostavu i razvoj sustava informacija i komunikacija kroz koje se osiguravaju pravovremene, točne i potpune informacije za potrebe financijskog upravljanja te učinkovitu komunikaciju unutar organizacijske strukture
* načine razmjene informacija izmeñu različitih ustrojstvenih jedinica za potrebe planiranja i izvršavanja proračuna, provedbe programa, projekata, praćenje ostvarenih rezultata u odnosu na planove, razmjenu informacija o uočenim slabostima ili nepravilnostima
* načine komunikacije i razmjene informacija izmeñu korisnika proračuna razine razdjela i glava organizacijske klasifikacije te jedinica lokalne i područne (regionalne) samouprave i njihovih proračunskih i izvanproračunskih korisnika
* aktivnosti vezane uz razvoj računovodstvenih sustava i drugih sustava evidencija i baza podataka s ciljem da se osiguraju pravovremene, točne i potpune informacije o troškovima, prihodima, imovini, obvezama, uključujući nastale i ugovorene obveze, pokazateljima uspješnosti, ciljevima, rizicima te druge financijske i nefinancijske informacije ovisno o potrebama i posebnostima korisnika proračuna
* aktivnosti vezane uz dokumentiranje ključnih poslovnih procesa, osobito procesa planiranja, programiranja, izrade i realizacije financijskog plana, procesa nabave i ugovaranja bilo kroz sastavljanje knjige/mape poslovnih procesa, izradu internih akata, informatizaciju ili druge oblike koje korisnik proračuna smatra prikladnim
* postupke arhiviranja dokumentacije
* postupke vezane uz izgradnju izvještajnog sustava uključujući definirane upravljačke razine kojima se izvješće podnosi, rokove, sadržaj i strukturu izvješća i druga pitanja koja se smatraju potrebnim urediti u svrhu osiguranja pravodobnog prenošenja financijskih i drugih informacija meñu različitim razinama u organizaciji
* aktivnosti vezane uz informiranje javnosti.
V. Praćenje i procjena sustava financijskog upravljanja i kontrola
Obuhvaća
* aktivnosti stalnog praćenja koje se odvijaju tijekom poslovanja, a uključuju uobičajene upravljačke i nadzorne aktivnosti te druge radnje koje zaposlenici poduzimaju pri obavljanju svojih dužnosti
* postupak samoprocjene koji se provodi najmanje jednom godišnje na temelju Upitnika za samoprocjenu sustava financijskog upravljanja i kontrola u skladu s Naputkom za izradu godišnjeg izvješća o sustavu unutarnjih financijskih kontrola u javnom sektoru
* postupak praćenja i procjene sustava financijskog upravljanja i kontrola za potrebe sastavljanja Izjave o fiskalnoj odgovornosti koji korisnik proračuna obavlja u skladu s Uredbom o sastavljanju i predaji Izjave o fiskalnoj odgovornosti i izvještaja o primjeni fiskalnih pravila
* aktivnosti unutarnje revizije koja provodi procjene sustava financijskog upravljanja i kontrola te daje preporuke za poboljšanje poslovanja.
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