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[ { "content": "the monte carlo method based on the metropolis algorithm is the most successful and influential stochastic algorithm of the 20th century and has been used in variety of applications not limited to physics @xcite . \n the method is powerful in an exhaustive search of highly multi - dimensional pha...
[ { "content": "in mesoscopic samples there is a competition between a triangle configuration of the vortex lattice as being the lowest energy configuration in bulk material ( and films ) and the boundary which tries to impose its geometry on the vortex lattice . \n for example a circular geometry will favour vor...
[ { "content": "[ sec1 ] consider the following problem : @xmath0 random walkers set off from the vicinity of the origin , in @xmath11-dimensional euclidean space , at time @xmath12 . \n they are divided into @xmath2 different families : the number of walkers in the @xmath13th family is @xmath14 , so that @xmath1...
[ { "content": "inclusive unpolarized and polarized deeply inelastic diffractive scattering at high energies and momentum transfer is one of the important processes in lepton \n nucleon scattering . as found by experiment , cf . \n @xcite , there are interesting relations between the cross sections of these proce...
[ { "content": "we use shells made of vinylpolysiloxane ( a silicone - based elastomer ) with elastic moduli of @xmath0 , @xmath1 and @xmath2 mpa , as well as shells made of latex . \n the shells range from @xmath3@xmath4 mm in diameter , @xmath3@xmath5 mm in length and approximately @xmath6@xmath0 mm in thicknes...
[ { "content": "it has been known for a while that very intense electromagnetic fields are created in ultra - relativistic hadronic and nuclear collisions @xcite . however , no convincing experimental evidence of their impact on the scattering dynamics has been observed . in recent years , a renewed interest to t...
[ { "content": "diffusive particle acceleration at non - relativistic shock fronts is an extensively studied phenomenon . \n detailed discussions of the current status of the investigations can be found in some excellent reviews ( drury 1983 ; blandford & eichler 1987 ; berezhko & krimsky 1988 ; jones & ellison 1...
[ { "content": "in an early paper on the interaction between radiation and molecular dipole moments @xcite , dicke formulated a model which was later shown to exhibit a super - radiant phase transition@xcite . \n the notion that such phase transitions should exist in condensed matter systems has been investigated...
[ { "content": "gamma - ray burst ( grb ) spectra often extend to very high energies with no indication of attenuation by photon - photon interactions . \n this implies substantial relativistic bulk motion of the radiating material with lorentz factors in the range of @xmath13 to @xmath14 . at cosmological distan...
[ { "content": "there is now a lot of interest in the connection between high energy physics and cosmology . \n it is motivated by the possibility that processes not reproducible here on the earth actually occurred in the early universe . \n for this reason , a lot of work is currently in progress to predict in d...
[ { "content": "planetary evaporation is one of the most crucial factors that determines the evolution and fate of close - in planets . \n the atmospheric escapes of hot jupiters have been extensively investigated from both the extreme ultraviolet observations and theory . \n the impacts of evaporation on the evo...
[ { "content": "in many applications we know that the data or measurement vectors do not fill the whole vector space but that they are confined to some special regions . \n often the form of these regions is defined by problem specific constraints . \n typical examples are color vectors . \n the values in these v...
[ { "content": "in the companion paper @xcite we compare the force networks in tapped systems by using relatively simple measures : probability density functions ( pdfs ) for normal and tangential forces between the particles , correlation functions describing positional order of the considered particles , as we...
[ { "content": "ngc 2146 is a peculiar spiral galaxy as seen from both the optical image and the hi line profile . although it is classified as sab by de vaucouleurs et al . \n ( @xcite ) , it shows a broad range of peculiarities . \n measured by its far infrared flux , it is one of the 12 brightest galaxies in...
[ { "content": "one of the central problems in applied mathematics is the analysis of signals . \n usually signals are modelled by functions in suitable functions spaces ( e.g. , @xmath4 or sobolev spaces ) and they might be given explicitly or implicitly as the solution of an operator equation . \n in most appli...
[ { "content": "recently , the lattice boltzmann(lb ) method got substantial progress and has been regarded as a promising alternative for simulating many complex phenomena in various fields@xcite . unlike the macroscopic computational fluid dynamics or the microscopic molecular dynamics , the lb uses a mesoscopi...
[ { "content": "two - dimensional honeycomb lattice of carbon atoms may be viewed as the mother of all other forms of carbon . \n its crucial electronic property , which arises as a consequence of the absence of the inversion symmetry around the lattice site , is that the usual fermi surface is reduced to just tw...
[ { "content": "due to its multifaceted roles in nuclear physics and astrophysics @xcite as well as new physics beyond the standard model @xcite , the symmetry energy has become a hot topic in current research frontiers of nuclear physics and astrophysics @xcite . during the last decade , a lot of experimental...
[ { "content": "the study of the large scale structure of the universe is now entering a new phase . the two - degree field galaxy redshift survey ( hereafter 2dfgrs ; \n colless et al . \n 2001 , 2003 ) and the sloan digital sky survey ( sdss ; york et al . \n 2000 ; adelman - mccarthy et al . \n 2006 ) have ...
[ { "content": "there is considerable interest in the study of equations of the form @xmath3 that describe breaking waves . in this paper \n we consider the equation @xmath4 with parameters @xmath5 ( not all zero ) and @xmath6 . \n this 4-parameter family contains several integrable equations . for @xmath7 and @x...
[ { "content": "decay of superdeformed ( sd ) rotational bands out to normal deformed ( nd ) states is one of the most interesting nuclear structure problems . \n it can be viewed as a shape - coexistence phenomena , and the mixing mechanism of two states having very different internal structures can be studied a...
[ { "content": "as well as applications to statistical physics , conformal field theory has proved to be a very powerful tool in string theory . in particular , the ground state of a critical string corresponds to a conformal field theory with a specific central charge . \n it is of particular interest to classif...
[ { "content": "thermal emission from neutron stars can be used to measure the magnetic field , temperature , and composition of neutron - star envelopes , and to constrain the properties of matter under extreme conditions ( see , e.g. , @xcite , and references therein ) . to achieve these goals \n , one should u...
[ { "content": "the soft - collinear effective theory ( scet ) constructed in @xcite offers a systematic description of processes involving energetic particles . \n it has an expansion in a small parameter @xmath10 , where @xmath11 is a typical transverse momenta and @xmath12 the large energy scale . \n hard excl...
[ { "content": "the basic evolution of low mass x \n ray binaries above the ` bifurcation period ' @xcite has been often described ( e.g. * ? ? ? \n the endpoint of this evolution is a wide system ( orbital period from a few to hundreds of days ) containing a millisecond pulsar ( msp , the neutron star primary o...
[ { "content": "the cobe experiment ( bennet et al . 1992 , 1994 ; smoot et al . 1992 ) has stimulated a considerable amount of work on cosmic structure . \n current tests usually exploit the angular correlation function and several harmonic amplitudes of the sky temperature field ( see e.g , adams et al . \n 199...
[ { "content": "in the nonrelativistic constituent quark model for mesons and baryons the quarks are bound by confining potentials . despite their limitations and concerns about their validity \n , these potential models describe the properties of the various mesons and baryons surprisingly well ( see , for examp...
[ { "content": "we present a study on the performances of a gravitational wave ( gw ) observatory composed by a hybrid network of detectors . \n in particular , we focus on the possibility to use a resonant detector to perform gw observations with one interferometric detector . \n this could be an opportunity in ...
[ { "content": "there has long been considerable circumstantial evidence that at least some luminous , low - redshift qsos are the result of strong interactions or mergers of galaxies ( _ e.g. , _ * ? ? ? \n * ; * ? ? ? \n * ; * ? ? ? \n * ; * ? ? ? \n * ; * ? ? ? \n * ; see * ? ? ? \n * for a review ) . \n howev...
[ { "content": "planets discovered using the radial velocity ( rv ) method have dominated the total exoplanet count until recently , when the transit method has made increasing contributions . \n the long time baseline of rv surveys has allowed the detection more diverse orbital geometries than achievable by grou...
[ { "content": "the main prediction of the quantum state of the universe is the emergence of classical universe that is a manifest fact of the observable universe . \n therefore , predicting classical cosmology is a constraint on the theory of the state @xcite . in minisuperspace models of cosmology , the classic...
[ { "content": "rotating magnetospheres are widely believed to be responsible for the relativistic jet phenomenon in active galactic nuclei ( agn ) @xcite . \n here we adress the question whether centrifugal acceleration of charged test particles at the base of such a jet magnetosphere may possibly produce a seed...
[ { "content": "ultrashort optical pulses generate the coherent oscillation of the lattice , which modulates the macroscopic electric susceptibility . \n these lattice oscillations are referred to as coherent phonons and can be detected with another ultrashort pulse via intensity modulations in reflectivity or tr...
[ { "content": "in the standard cold dark matter ( cdm ) paradigm of structure formation , galaxies are supposed to form and evolve in dark matter halos . \n the study of the clustering properties of dark matter halos and their relation to galaxy clustering can thus help us to understand the connection between ha...
[ { "content": "a merger between two galaxies , each with its own central supermassive black hole ( smbh ) , results in a merger - remnant galaxy hosting two smbhs . as these smbhs orbit in the potential of the host galaxy , they are dragged closer together by dynamical friction from the surrounding stars , form ...
[ { "content": "we continue our development on algorithms to count the points of various representation varieties of a quiver with relations . in @xcite \n , we applied serval counting characters to the harder - narasimhan identity in the hall algebra of a quiver and obtained several interesting formulas . \n all...
[ { "content": "broadband observations of gamma - ray burst afterglows can in principle be used to constrain fundamental physical parameters of the explosion . in the fireball model \n , a relativistic blast wave expands into the surrounding medium , its hydrodymanical evolution being strongly influenced by the d...
[ { "content": "in the last decade , quantile regression has attracted considerable attention . \n there are two major reasons for such popularity . \n the first is that quantile regression estimation @xcite can be robust to non - gaussian or heavy - tailed data . \n in addition , it includes the commonly used le...
[ { "content": "the recent radial velocity detection of a planet in the habitable zone of the nearby m dwarf proxima centauri ( hereafter proxima b and proxima ) @xcite has spurred over a dozen theoretical papers speculating on the planet s atmosphere ( e.g. , * ? ? ? \n * ; * ? ? ? \n * ) , habitability ( e.g. ...
[ { "content": "it has long been clearly understood that the statement of the second law of thermodynamics concerning the increase in entropy in an isolated system as it goes to equilibrium refers only to the average behavior , but this was sufficient as long as one dealt only with macroscopic systems characteriz...
[ { "content": "light rays from distant sources carry unique information about the matter and gravitational potential along the line - of - sight . \n a well - known example is the signature of intervening gas clouds imprinted into spectra of background sources via absorption lines . \n mass concentrations locate...
[ { "content": "bandwidth selection is a key issue in kernel density estimation that has deserved considerable attention during the last decades . \n the problem of selecting the most suitable bandwidth for the nonparametric kernel density estimator introduced by @xcite and @xcite is the main topic of the reviews...
[ { "content": "since its discovery in 2004 @xcite , graphene continues to be the subject of intense interest regarding its exotic properties @xcite . \n these intriguing properties , such as the anomalous quantum hall effect , are ascribed to dirac type electrons described by the weyl s equation for massless par...
[ { "content": "the subject of this work is mathematical modeling of state - of - charge in simple battery cells , such as a non - rechargeable 3 volts lithium coin battery . \n the goal is to understand the response of the battery , and ultimately to predict battery lifetime , as energy is consumed under a given...
[ { "content": "scalar field , associated with spin-@xmath0 particles in quantum field theory , has been an object of great interest for physicists in the latest years . \n one of the main reasons is that the models with scalar fields are relatively simple , which allows us to probe the detailed features of the m...
[ { "content": "the exploration of phase transitions in simple , one component nonequilibrium models has attracted considerable interest @xcite , and important steps towards identifying the related universality classes have been achieved @xcite . in nonequilibrium models phase transitions may occur even in one - ...
[ { "content": "in low dimensional systems , the description of transport in terms of linear phenomenological laws , that works well in three dimensions , may not be possible . \n one example is the fourier law which relates the thermal current density @xmath8 to the thermal gradient @xmath9 by @xmath10 , where t...
[ { "content": "laser cooled trapped ions offer a very high level of control , both of their motional and internal quantum states . at the same time , the large charge - to - mass ratio of ions makes their motion very sensitive to electric fields , both static and oscillatory . \n thus , trapped ions recently eme...
[ { "content": "the suppression of single inclusive high @xmath0 hadrons in heavy - ion collisions as compared to the scaled expectation from p - p collision has long been regarded as caused by energy loss of high @xmath2 partons into a dense partonic environment @xcite . at rhic , \n the nuclear suppression fact...
[ { "content": "let us now focus on strategies to extract @xmath0 from pairs of @xmath3-meson decays , which are related to each other through the @xmath2-spin flavor symmetry of strong interactions . in order to deal with non - leptonic \n @xmath3 decays , @xmath2-spin offers an important tool , and first approa...
[ { "content": "the system kcuf@xmath0 has long been known as a paradigm for an orbitally ordered system where a cooperative jahn - teller ( jt ) distortion is strongly competing with the electronic degrees of freedom as the driving force behind the orbital order.@xcite this system was investigated recently by re...
[ { "content": "solid hydrogen h@xmath0 is expected to become metallic at compressions higher than @xmath3 gpa [ ] . in fact , experimental signatures of the long - sought insulator - to - metal phase transition remain elusive up to pressures of @xmath4 gpa [ ] . \n accepted pressure - induced mechanisms by ...
[ { "content": "astronomers have sought for two decades for dynamical evidence for the presence of massive black holes in galaxies by studying the dynamics of gas and stars in their nuclei . \n rapid motions provide the main signature of a black hole . \n if these are indeed observed , the main difficulty is to r...
[ { "content": "mechanical systems subject to rolling kinetic constraints are one of the most studied argument of classical mechanics , especially for its wideness of applicability in several branches of mechanical sciences : contact mechanics , tribology , wear , robotics , ball bearing theory and control theory...
[ { "content": "effective field theory ( eft ) is a powerful framework based on exploiting symmetries and controlled expansions for problems with a natural separation of energy or distance scales . \n efts are particularly important in qcd and nuclear physics . \n an effective theory of qcd , ideally suited to je...
[ { "content": "the dimension of the multiwire chambers deployed in modern high energy physics experiments is usually large conforming to the scale of experimental setup . \n the electrostatic instability in such chambers may be crucial when the amplitude of the oscillation caused by the action of electrostatic f...
[ { "content": "g. stokes studied the polarization properties of a quasi - monochromatic plane wave of light in an arbitrary polarization state by introducing four quantities , known since then as the stokes parameters @xcite . \n the stokes parameters are a set of four quantities which provide intuitive and prac...
[ { "content": "solitary - waves may be found in solutions to nonlinear wave equations where the nonlinearity counteracts the dispersion of a wave - packet such that it retains its form as it propagates . \n solitons are solitary - waves that emerge unscathed from collisions with each other , up to shifts in posi...
[ { "content": "a decade ago , deep h@xmath0 observations indicated that some disk galaxies can support limited star formation at their extreme outer edge ( e.g. ferguson et al . \n galex imaging then surprisingly revealed that m 83 ( thilker et al . 2005 ) and ngc 4625 ( gil de paz et al . \n 2005 ) have extende...
[ { "content": "we address one of the fundamental problems in uncertainty quantification ( uq ) : the mapping of the probability distribution of a random variable through a nonlinear function . \n let us assume that we are concerned with a specific physical or engineering model which is computationally expensive ...
[ { "content": "in spite of the development of supercomputers and cutting - edge numerical methods , the simulation of experimental size many - body systems is still a hard task . following feynman s conjecture of a quantum simulator , it results useful to analyze manipulable systems able to reproduce , in a cont...
[ { "content": "zitterbewegung ( the trembling motion ) was theoretically devised by schroedinger @xcite after dirac had proposed his equation describing free relativistic electrons in vacuum . \n schroedinger showed that , due to a non - commutativity of the quantum velocity @xmath2 with the dirac hamiltonian @x...
[ { "content": "global evolution of protoplanetary disks ( ppds ) is governed by the processes of angular momentum transport and outflow mass loss . \n these processes directly control disk structure and evolution , which set the timescales of disk dispersal and hence planet formation ( e.g. , see @xcite and @xci...
[ { "content": "imagine a stable hamiltonian system that is subjected to an external periodic perturbation as well as a frictional force that continuously takes energy out of the system . \n if the driving force vanishes on the average , then in general the average behavior of the system is characterized by dampe...
[ { "content": "a recent progress in a targeted design of molecular nanomagnets , which afford paradigmatic examples of assemblies of a finite number of interacting spin centers , has triggered a considerable interest to explore a magnetic behavior of small spin clusters magnetically isolated from the environment...
[ { "content": "some time ago monopoles in einstein - yang - mills - higgs(eymh ) model , for @xmath2 gauge group with higgs field in adjoint representation , were studied as a generalization of the t hooft - ployakov monopole to see the effect of gravity on it . in particular , it was found that solutions exist ...
[ { "content": "the 1.68-ev photoluminescence ( pl ) center was reported many decades ago in diamond@xcite and where later it was assumed @xcite that silicon impurities were involved in this center . \n this was confirmed by pl measurements at cryogenic temperature on si - doped chemical vapor deposition ( cvd ) ...
[ { "content": "the threshold between the classical and quantum world has fascinated physicists since the discovery of quantum phenomena and realizing how different they are from our everyday experience . \n one of the prominent examples of quantum behavior is the nonlocality leading to violation of bell s inequa...
[ { "content": "quantum walks ( qws ) @xcite are especially interesting because of their importance in quantum algorithms research @xcite and also because they represent an intriguing quantum version of the ubiquitous classical phenomenon of random walks ( rws ) . \n originally conceived as a single walker whos...
[ { "content": "galactic open clusters are excellent tools to study the evolution of our galaxy from the chemical and structural points of view . \n they provide information on the chemical abundances in the disk and relative radial gradients ( e.g. janes 1979 , panagia and tosi 1981 , friel and janes 1993 ) , on...
[ { "content": "over one hundred years ago , the italian economist vilfredo pareto @xcite made one of the first empirical studies of the distribution of wealth by undertaking a careful study of land ownership in italy , switzerland and germany . \n in the course of this study , he plotted the fraction of economi...
[ { "content": "the probable success of experiments aimed at producing magnetically trapped ultracold molecular samples depends heavily on the effects of collisional processes . \n for example , paramagnetic alkali dimers can be produced via photassociation of ultracold atoms @xcite , but the resulting molecules ...
[ { "content": "increasing disorder is known to suppress superconductivity in low - dimensional systems such as thin films and narrow wires@xcite . \n this occurs because the disorder causes electrons to move diffusively rather than ballistically , making them less efficient at screening the coulomb repulsion bet...
[ { "content": "one of the major pending cosmological problem for the formation of galaxies and clusters , their distribution and evolution , is the relation of the latter with the initial conditions prevailing in the early universe . to this sake , \n most of the observational constraints are relative to the lum...
[ { "content": "astronomical images obtained form the ground suffer from serious degradation of resolution , because the light passes through a turbulent medium ( the atmosphere ) @xcite before reaching the detector . \n a number of methods was developed to alleviate this phenomenon @xcite and multiple special ...
[ { "content": "the classification of the universality classes of nonequilibrium phase transitions to absorbing states is still an open problem of statistical physics @xcite . \n reaction - diffusion ( rd ) models exhibiting phase transitions to absorbing states bear with a particular interest since many other ty...
[ { "content": "in this paper , we develop a multi - scale theory for groups of diffeomorphisms in the context of image registration . \n the setting of _ large deformation diffeomorphic matching _ has been introduced in seminal papers @xcite and this approach has been applied in the field of computational anatom...
[ { "content": "in computer graphics programming the standard framework for modeling points in space is via a projective representation . \n so , for handling problems in three - dimensional geometry , points in euclidean space @xmath0 are represented projectively as rays or vectors in a four - dimensional space ...
[ { "content": "in this section we motivate our study of the ( two - dimensional ) voter model and its dual coalescing walks through their connection with a number of percolation models . in section 2 \n , we report on numerical results for the dimension of a natural `` chordal interface '' of the voter model . i...
[ { "content": "gene regulatory networks play a central role in cellular function by translating genotype into phenotype . by dynamically controlling gene expression , \n gene regulatory networks provide cells with a mechanism for responding to environmental challenges . \n therefore , creating accurate mathemati...
[ { "content": "from the bethe - weizsacker mass formula , it is well understood that the symmetry energy from bulk matter is the difference between the energy of pure neutron matter and pure symmetric matter . \n mathematically , it can we written as @xmath0 where @xmath1 and @xmath2 . \n @xmath3 , @xmath4 , and...
[ { "content": "core - collapse supernovae ( sne ) mark the explosive deaths of massive stars . \n several independent lines of evidence including explosion modeling @xcite , progenitor star photometry @xcite , rate statistics @xcite , and theory @xcite combine to suggest a lower main sequence initial mass ( @xma...
[ { "content": "the quasiclassical technique is one of the most powerful methods to tackle transport problems . \n its main virtue relies in the fact that starting from a microscopic quantum formulation of the problem at hand it aims at deriving a simpler kinetic equation resembling the semiclassical boltzmann on...
[ { "content": "a subtitle to this talk should perhaps go like `` a see - saw - like mechanism without a majorana mass '' . here , i shall try to present arguments as to why it is interesting and worthwhile to study scenarios in which neutrinos possess a mass which is _ pure dirac _ in nature . along the way , i ...
[ { "content": "neutron star low mass x - ray binaries ( lmxb ) were believed to behavior similarly to the black hole lmxbs ( lin et al . 2007 ) . \n they spend most of the time in quiescence , and occasionally show an outburst with accretion rate dramatically increased . during the outburst \n , the neutron star...
[ { "content": "the european space agency s gaia mission , approved for launch in 201012 , aims at surveying the galaxy to 20th visual magnitude , using a combination of astrometric measurements ( for trigonometric parallaxes and proper motions ) , multiband photometry ( for basic stellar parameters like temperat...
[ { "content": "the two sources hercules a ( 3c 348 ) and mrc 0625 - 536 are radio galaxies classified as \n fanaroff - riley i ( fr i ) type objects , although hercules a has indeed the morphology of a fr i radio galaxy , but with a much higher radio luminosity , typical of a fr ii object . \n the galaxy asso...
[ { "content": "the jellium model of a metal surface , introduced by bardeen in 1936 , @xcite is the simplest model which reproduces qualitatively , and sometimes quantitatively , the physical properties of real metal surfaces . \n @xcite while in his work bardeen applied an approximated hartree - fock ( hf ) th...
[ { "content": "for many years x - ray astronomers have promised to obtain accurate constraints on dark matter in clusters of galaxies and elliptical galaxies . \n but because of the frustrating limitations of previous x - ray telescopes , only for a very few objects notably m87 have precise measurements been p...
[ { "content": "it remains an open question whether massive neutrinos are majorana particles , whose antiparticles are themselves @xcite . the final answer to this fundamental question will tell us whether the lepton number is conserved or not in nature , and help us explore the origin of neutrino masses . \n cu...
[ { "content": "the phenomenology related to the qcd confinement / deconfinement phase transition is nowadays a fascinating subject in the center of intense investigations , both experimentally and theoretically ( see _ e.g. _ \n @xcite for a review of the topic ) . during the last two decades , a new state of ma...
[ { "content": "late time accelerated expansion of the universe was indicated by measurements of distant type ia supernovae ( sne ia ) @xcite . this was confirmed by observations of cosmic microwave background ( cmb ) anisotropies by the wilkinson microwave anisotropy probe ( wmap ) @xcite , and the large - scale...
[ { "content": "black holes span a wide spectrum of masses : the case for stellar mass holes ( @xmath0 ) in the field [ e.g. , @xcite ] and supermassive holes ( @xmath1 ) in galactic bulges [ e.g. , @xcite ] is extremely strong ; tantalizing evidence suggests middleweight holes ( @xmath2 ) as well @xcite . \n ste...
[ { "content": "( snr ) is an important index for wireless communication systems . in wireless communication systems , it is the most significant to achieve high capacity @xcite . in general , it is necessary and sufficient for achieving high capacity to increase snr under the condition that the width of the freq...
[ { "content": "radiation matter interaction has been studied for a long time with atomic samples . \n it is known that density matrix theory is well suited to exhaustively describe the properties of fluorescence from macroscopic atomic ensembles , and that in this limit semiclassical theory gives excellent appro...
[ { "content": "the study of the interactions between the quark and gluon constituents of hadrons has evolved over the past several decades . \n experiments once had large systematic and statistical uncertainties and theoretical predictions used only leading - order perturbation theory . \n however our understand...
[ { "content": "recently , a lot of interest has grown around the possibility of applying string inspired techniques to the non - perturbative regime of qcd . \n the starting point is the ads / cft correspondence @xcite , a conjectured duality between a maximally supersymmetric strongly coupled conformal field th...
[ { "content": "approximately 1 - 3% of single white dwarfs with cooling ages less than 0.5 gyr possess an infrared excess resulting from a circumstellar disk ( farihi et al . \n these same stars also have distinctively high atmospheric calcium abundances ( kilic et al . 2006 , jura et al . \n 2007a ) even though...
[ { "content": "clustering analysis ( or hca ) is an extensively studied field of unsupervised learning . very useful in dimensionality reduction problems , we will study ways of using this clustering method with the aim of reducing ( or removing ) the need for human intervention . \n this problem of human interv...
[ { "content": "about 95% of the energy contents of the universe appears to be of unknown origin , in the form of dark matter and dark energy . while there is a lot of astrophysical evidence for the existence of dark matter and dark energy , a deeper understanding of the physical nature of these main ingredients ...