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[ { "content": "we study a problem of estimation of a symmetric kernel @xmath13 defined on a large weighted graph with a vertex set @xmath1 and @xmath14 based on a finite number of noisy linear measurements of @xmath10 . for simplicity , assume that these are the measurements of randomly picked entries of @xmath1...
[ { "content": "according to the birkgoff theorem @xcite _ the metric of a vacuum spherically symmetric space time is static , singular in the origin , unique and in spherically symmetric coordinates has the well - known schwarzschild form _ ( when @xmath0 signature form is chosen ) @xmath1 where @xmath2 is the s...
[ { "content": "many x - ray sources ( xrss ) are inside globular clusters ( gcs ; e.g. heinke 2011 ) , but only five of them unambiguosly host a black hole ( bh ; maccarone et al . \n 2007 , hereafter m07 ; brassington et al . 2010 ; shih et al . 2010 ; maccarone et al . 2011 ; irwin et al . \n 2010 , hereafter ...
[ { "content": "we start from the bdg hamiltonian ( eq . ( [ eq : h ] ) of the main text ) and \n compute the thermodynamic potential @xmath129 at inverse temperature @xmath130 using the quantum partition function @xmath131 . \n this allows us to extrapolate to the groundstate energy in the limit @xmath132 . fol...
[ { "content": "the born - oppenheimer approximation is a method which deals with a coupled system of heavy and light objects@xcite . from atomic physics to nuclear physics \n , it has played an important role . \n moreover , the importance of this method gets greater as the necessity of the adiabatic control of ...
[ { "content": "for the design of simple transfers in astrodynamics , hohmann transfers are widely used . \n they consist basically in a maneuvre in a system represented by a two body problem ( 2bp ) and their solutions , consequently given by keplerian ellipses . starting from a circular orbit around a main bod...
[ { "content": "nucleon knockout reactions in nuclear collisions at and above the fermi energy in nuclei have become an important tool to determine the occupancy of single - particle states and the correlation effects in the nuclear many - body system ( see , e.g. refs . \n @xcite ) . in peripheral , \n sudden co...
[ { "content": "in the constellation of the brilliant elementary particle experiments of the last decades , the b - factories , belle @xcite and babar @xcite , were ones of the most remarkable . \n their results on cp - violation in b - mesons prove the validity of the km mechanism , which inventors , m. kobay...
[ { "content": "the rather extensive literature concerning the `` inverse scattering problem '' and the `` inverse sturm - liouville problem '' on graphs have mostly followed separate pathways except for a very few results @xcite . in the following paragraphs , we briefly recall the previous results on these sub...
[ { "content": "several fields of computational science ( nanotechnology , materials science or biochemistry just to name a few ) would greatly benefit from the possibility of performing simulations of large systems , containing hundreds of thousands of atoms . \n conventional electronic structure calculations re...
[ { "content": "so far , grbs have only been identified at cosmological distances . \n it is believed that grbs are caused by highly relativistic outflows with bulk lorentz factors @xmath1 that form a pair of opposite jets . even after correcting for narrow beaming , \n the energy radiated by long - duration ( @x...
[ { "content": "a schematic qcd phase diagram in the plane of temperature @xmath0 and baryon chemical potential @xmath1 . \n solid lines indicate the first order phase boundaries . \n several critical points at which the first order lines terminate may exit , e.g. the high @xmath0 critical point @xcite and high @...
[ { "content": "in the first paper ( manset & bastien 2000 , hereafter referred to as paper i ) , we presented numerical simulations of the periodic polarimetric variations produced by a binary star surrounded by a circumbinary envelope composed of electrons . \n thomson scattering was considered in an optically...
[ { "content": "the multiple polylogarithm functions were defined in goncharov s paper @xcite as the following power series : @xmath7 where the @xmath8 are in the unit disk of the complex plane for @xmath9 and @xmath10 are positive integers . for @xmath11 , we get the classical @xmath3-th polylogarithm which was ...
[ { "content": "predictive coding is a brain plausible principle to account for how diversity of perceptual input sequences can be predicted or generated for different intentions in the top - down pathway as well as how the corresponding intention can be inferred or recognized for a particular observation of perc...
[ { "content": "complex networks@xcite have been recognized to be powerful representations of complex systems and can advance our understanding of their dynamics . \n they are studied in diverse disciplines ranging from earth@xcite and climate science@xcite to the neurosciences@xcite . in this perspective \n , sy...
[ { "content": "ytterbium , both atomic and singly ionised , is an element widely used in experiments involving trapped atoms and ions , such as laser cooling and trapping of neutral atoms and ions @xcite , atomic clocks @xcite , frequency standards @xcite , quantum computing experiments @xcite , quantum optics @...
[ { "content": "one of the most exciting discoveries in cosmology after hubble s discovery of expansion of universe is the accelerated expansion of the universe@xcite . in order to explain the acceleration \n , it becomes necessary to modify the existing theory of gravitation proposed by einstein , ie . \n , the ...
[ { "content": "the calculation of binding energies , masses of heavy quarkonia @xmath7 and another physical parameter using renormalon method has attracted the attention recently . \n the calculations , based on perturbative expansions , are primarily due to the knowledge of up to @xmath8 term ( @xmath9 ) of the...
[ { "content": "in the minimal supersymmetric extension of the standard model ( mssm ) @xcite , radiative corrections involving supersymmetric ( susy ) particles modify the tree level relation between fermion masses and their yukawa couplings @xcite . in this paper \n we review the sources and behavior of these s...
[ { "content": "one of the highly active areas of investigation of hamiltonian nonlinear systems over the past decade has been the examination of nonlinear dynamical lattices of the discrete nonlinear schrdinger ( dnls ) type . \n chiefly , this development has arisen due to the multitude of applications of perti...
[ { "content": "there is now substantial observational evidence@xcite that favors the existence of a smooth exotic cosmic component of energy of negative pressure . \n going at times under the name of a cosmological constant or quintessence or , at other times , dark energy , which we will adopt here , its true n...
[ { "content": "an operator @xmath0 is a projector if it is idempotent , i.e. , if it is endowed with property @xmath1 . \n the projection is along ( or parallel to ) its null space @xmath2 and onto its range @xmath3 . \n this entails that @xmath4 for @xmath5 and @xmath6 for @xmath7 . \n if the subspaces @xmath3 ...
[ { "content": "the existence of a minimum stable orbit for material around a black hole is a key prediction of general relativity in the strong field limit . for schwarzschild black holes \n this is at @xmath0 ( where @xmath1 ) , while for maximally rotating kerr black holes ( spin parameter @xmath2 ) this reduc...
[ { "content": "globular clusters are made up of a very large number of stars with varying mass but identical age , composition , and distance . \n this makes them a rich and productive application of the theory of stellar structure and evolution . \n detailed stellar evolution calculations are done numerically u...
[ { "content": "the forces of electromagnetic origin that arise between electrically neutral , unpolarized but polarizable objects are commonly known as dispersion forces @xcite . \n they were first addressed within the context of quantum electrodynamics ( qed ) by casimir and polder @xcite , who showed that they...
[ { "content": "the solar wind ( sw ) plasma , an ideal laboratory for the study of collisionless plasma dynamics , is mostly found in a turbulent state @xcite . \n subproton - scale ( `` dissipation range '' ) turbulence in the sw has become a major research topic over the past decade , both for in - situ satel...
[ { "content": "the inverse compton scattering of cosmic microwave background ( cmb ) photons by hot electrons in galaxy clusters leads to a distortion of the cmb spectrum along the line of sight , known as the sunyaev - zeldovich ( sz , @xcite ) effect . \n the magnitude of the sz effect is determined by the com...
[ { "content": "in the present paper , we study the following third - order integrable nonlinear evolution equation : @xmath0 this equation was introduced recently by qiao @xcite as the second positive member in a new completely integrable hierarchy . the qiao equation \n we will refer to in this way possesses a...
[ { "content": "the structure of bound states in linear systems follows the symmetry of the underlying potential , a commonly known example being wave functions of eigenstates in symmetric double - well potentials @xcite . \n the addition of the self - attractive nonlinearity leads to a qualitative change of the ...
[ { "content": "the brightest cluster galaxies ( bcgs ) are the most luminous and most massive galaxies in the universe . \n bcgs are located close to the centre of the clusters of galaxies based on the x - ray observations or gravitational lensing observations ( e.g. , jones & forman 1984 ; smith et al . \n it w...
[ { "content": "we have previously observed that @xmath0 , @xmath1 and charged hadron yields are significantly suppressed especially for the high @xmath3 region ( @xmath3 @xmath7 @xmath8 gev / c ) in au+au collision at 200 gev compared with p+p collisions.@xcite@xcite@xcite@xcite since there is no suppression in ...
[ { "content": "as the scale of architectures in integrated circuit design continues to be reduced , the dimensions of present - day interconnects are on the scale of tens of nanometers , and the interconnects for next - generation nanoelectronic devices may well be just a few nanometers in lateral dimension . \n...
[ { "content": "a large variety of independent astronomical observations have revealed that most of the mass in the universe is some form of non - baryonic , non - luminous , cold dark matter of as yet unknown composition . \n understanding the fundamental nature of dark matter is one of the biggest outstanding p...
[ { "content": "this paper proposes a new perspective to maximum likelihood(ml ) decoding in error - correcting codes as rational maps and shows some relationships between coding theory and dynamical systems . in section [ sec : cs ] , [ sec : lc ] , and [ sec : ml ] , we explain notations and minimum prerequisit...
[ { "content": "in the field of network science , real - world complex systems are abstracted as complex networks , in which nodes represent individuals and links denote the connections or interactions between individuals @xcite . nowadays , \n although we can obtain abundant data of various complex systems due t...
[ { "content": "it is conventionally thought that the thermal x - ray components of neutron stars are originated from the initial residual heat when the stars cool @xcite , even before the discovery of galactic x - ray sources and pulsars . \n however , we will focus on this old problem in the regime of quark st...
[ { "content": "in experiments on ultracold trapped fermi gases , there are many situations where the system is out of thermal equilibrium . \n the first one is of course the trapping and cooling stage , i.e. , before the system has reached its equilibrium state which is usually the starting point for the actual ...
[ { "content": "a basic theorem in riemannian geometry inspires our work . recall two loops in a space @xmath0 are _ \n freely homotopic _ if one loop can be deformed into the other without leaving @xmath0 . \n the resulting equivalence classes of loops are the _ free homotopy classes_. this basic theorem asserts...
[ { "content": "this paper considers ( multivariate ) generating functions of the form : _ \n n=1^ _ g [ n ] ( g ) s^e(g ) , [ eq : genfn ] where @xmath2 indicates a subclass of graphs . \n @xmath3 is the number of edges a graph @xmath4 . \n @xmath5 $ ] indicates that the graph has vertex set @xmath6 $ ] and @xma...
[ { "content": "looking at star formation across the milky way , a large variety of different conditions is encountered , in many cases leading to observed different modalities . \n one of the most relevant differences is found in the amount of star formation activity between the inner and the outer galaxy . \n t...
[ { "content": "in this paper we identify hyperbolic surfaces with quotients of the poincar upper halfplane @xmath3 by discrete torsion free subgroups of psl@xmath4 called _ fuchsian groups_. the _ laplacian _ on @xmath5 is the differential operator @xmath6 which associates to a @xmath7- function @xmath8 the func...
[ { "content": "the notion of a recognizable language is a fundamental concept in formal language theory , which has been clearly identified since the 1950 s . \n it is important because of its numerous applications , in particular for the construction of compilers , and also for the development of the theory : i...
[ { "content": "approximately 10% of all quasars are `` radio loud '' , in the sense that they are more luminous at radio than at optical wavelengths . \n also for some unknown reason , about 10% of radio - quiet quasars show broad absorption lines ( bal ) in their spectra . \n only recently have a handful of rad...
[ { "content": "the idea to use _ initial state radiation _ to measure hadronic cross sections from the threshold up to the maximum energy of colliders with fixed energies @xmath1 , to reveal reaction mechanisms and to search for new mesonic states consists in exploiting the process @xmath2 to reduce the centre o...
[ { "content": "according to the standard theoretical paradigm , the structures observed in the universe today were formed by the gravitational amplification of small perturbations in an initially gaussian dark matter density field . \n small scale overdensities were the first to collapse , and the resulting obje...
[ { "content": "unlike stars , galaxies show diverse shapes . \n the belief that the difference in appearance reflects the generic character has motivated morphological classification of galaxies . since the 1920s the simple scheme suggested by hubble ( hubble 1926 ) based on single band images of bright galaxies...
[ { "content": "quantum - mechanical many - body problems can almost never be solved exactly . in this situation \n variational wave functions have proved to be particularly useful . \n although they describe correlations among the particles only in an approximate way , they have the advantage of being explicit a...
[ { "content": "the description of diffractive hadronic physics in terms of the exchange of a `` pomeron '' has proved remarkably durable , and has successfully withstood the advent of qcd . \n interest in the pomeron has been renewed by recent results from hera . \n total cross sections and diffractive processes...
[ { "content": "lagrangian formulations of general relativity abound in literature , but rather than differing in the choice of the lagrangian density they differentiate one another by the variable upon which the variation of the action has to be taken \n . the most famous examples are pheraps the metric and pala...
[ { "content": "gamma - ray burst ( grb ) 130427a may well be the burst with the most comprehensive afterglow follow - up , its multiwavelength monitoring covering radio , optical , x - ray , and @xmath2-ray frequencies , and extending from seconds to tens of days after trigger . \n the x - ray _ prompt _ emissio...
[ { "content": "conventional bottomonium is an approximately non - relativistic system . out of 34 expected @xmath11 energy levels below the @xmath4 threshold @xcite 15 \n have been observed @xcite . \n the masses and decays of these states are well described by potential models @xcite . \n there are five stat...
[ { "content": "clusters of galaxies are essential tools for developing our understanding of structure formation and for probing cosmological parameters . in particular \n , the redshift evolution of the cluster mass function is a sensitive diagnostic of @xmath2 , sufficiently sensitive that the existence of even...
[ { "content": "the perturbative qcd description of many observables measured at colliders is plagued by large corrections arising from soft and collinear parton emission , even for fairly generic kinematical conditions . \n for example , near threshold , large logarithmic corrections remain @xcite after cancella...
[ { "content": "the textbook notion of a perfect crystal at @xmath1 , is that of a periodic array of unit cells , all comprising the same _ integer _ number of particles , @xmath2 , where @xmath3 is the unit cell volume and @xmath4 is the average particle density profile . for simplicity , \n let us consider a si...
[ { "content": "the helffer - sjstrand formula was established in @xcite in the following proposition [ hsformula ] let @xmath0 be a self - adjoint operator ( not necessarily bounded ) on a hilbert space @xmath1 . \n suppose @xmath2 is in @xmath3 and @xmath4 in @xmath5 is an extension of @xmath2 such that @xma...
[ { "content": "the topic of open access publishing has been extensively and controversially discussed . for general information \n see , for instance , @xcite . \n there are many models of open access named after different colors such as golden or green roads to open access @xcite , but we do not want to go into...
[ { "content": "my task in this opening lecture is to set the stage for the subsequent lectures that develop in more detail the connections between particle physics and cosmology . \n to do so , i first recall the essential aspects of standard big - bang cosmology , emphasizing that the questions it raises about ...
[ { "content": "m dwarfs comprise the bulk ( @xmath375% ) of the stellar population of our galaxy . \n moreover , their low masses and small radii , compared to sun - like stars , make planets of a given mass , size and orbital separation much easier to detect around them via both the transit and doppler methods ...
[ { "content": "networks of coupled oscillators have been extensively studied for many years , owing to their wide applicability in physics , chemistry , and biology . as examples we mention laser arrays , josephson junctions , populations of fireflies , etc . @xcite . \n the phase - only models have proved to pr...
[ { "content": "over the years , the study of current noise and noise correlations has become a respected and useful diagnosis for transport measurements on mesoscopic conductors . \n theoretically , noise was first computed mostly for non interacting systems @xcite . \n however , it soon became clear that low f...
[ { "content": "for the past two decades , charge transfer ( ct ) phenomena in biosystems have been intensively studied due to their role in biological functions as well as in potential applications related to nanosensors and molecular optoelectronics . \n oxidative damage in cells @xcite as well as the possibili...
[ { "content": "[ fig1 ] the gaia mission has been approved to provide for the first time a clear picture of the formation , structure , evolution , and future of the entire milky way . \n in addition , as secondary goals , gaia will contribute to many other branches of astrophysics , especially stellar and so...
[ { "content": "gallager invented low - density parity - check ( ldpc ) codes @xcite in 1963 . \n ldpc codes are linear codes defined by sparse bipartite graphs . \n luby et al . introduced the _ peeling algorithm _ ( \n pa ) @xcite for the binary erasure channel ( bec ) . \n pa is an iterative algorithm which i...
[ { "content": "nearly all of our knowledge about the masses and ages of low mass young stars comes from their location in the hr diagram relative to theoretical calculations of stellar evolution to the main sequence . despite considerable advances over the past 5 - 10 years in understanding the structure and atm...
[ { "content": "quantum bits ( qubits ) based on polarization or spatial degrees of freedom of optical modes have several advantages : they are easily manipulated and measured ; they exist in a low noise environment and ; they are easily communicated over comparitively long distances . \n recently considerable pr...
[ { "content": "the classical and quantum propagation of strings in curved spacetimes has attracted a great deal of interest in recent years . \n the main complication , as compared to the case of flat minkowski space , is related to the non - linearity of the equations of motion . \n it makes it possible to obta...
[ { "content": "as common constructions in the theory of data types and programming language semantics become better understood , there is a natural tendency toward generality . \n one desires to isolate common underlying principles , to unify related notions in a common framework , and to provide powerful abstra...
[ { "content": "the galaxy distribution in large spectroscopic surveys , such as sloan digital sky survey ( sdss ; * ? ? ? \n * ) , have revealed a complex hierarchical network of structure , called the cosmic web , composed of clusters , filaments , sheets , and voids ( e.g. * ? ? ? \n * ) . in the current parad...
[ { "content": "the aim of this study is to draw a connection between topological surgery in dimensions 1 , 2 and 3 and many natural phenomena . for this \n we introduce new theoretical concepts which allow to explain the topology of such phenomena via surgery and also to connect topological surgeries in differen...
[ { "content": "this work is devoted to analytical study of ideal incompressible emhd flows ( see , e.g. , @xcite and references therein about emhd and its applications ) . \n our primary goal here is to consider a simplified 1d problem that has many similar qualitative properties with the problem about attractiv...
[ { "content": "be stars are early main - sequence stars which have shown h@xmath0 emission at least once ( e.g. * ? ? ? \n they are rapidly rotating close to their break up velocity @xcite . \n the stars are surrounded by decretion disks @xcite , formed from ejected material that settles into a keplerian disk an...
[ { "content": "the stereo mission provides us an unprecedented view of the solar corona , enabling us for the first time to fully constrain the three - dimensional ( 3-d ) geometry of the coronal magnetic field . \n stereoscopic triangulation of coronal loops has been conducted at small stereo spacecraft separat...
[ { "content": "the investigation of ordered double perovskite materials @xmath12 with @xmath3 an alkaline earth such as sr , ba , or ca and @xmath13 two different transition metals has been strongly stimulated by the discovery of a large room temperature magnetoresistive effect at low magnetic fields in sr@xmath...
[ { "content": "production of the doubly strange baryon @xmath0 has been studied in heavy ion collisions at various energies . for ultrarelativistic energies at sps , the measured @xmath0 abundance \n is significantly enhanced compared to that expected from initial nucleon - nucleon collisions @xcite . \n explana...
[ { "content": "the most widely used family of exchange - correlation ( xc ) functionals in density - functional theory ( dft ) @xcite , the local density approximation ( lda ) and its gradient - corrected semilocal relatives , has been largely responsible for the enormous popularity of the theory for electronic ...
[ { "content": "the ads / cft correspondence @xcite gives new insight for understanding strongly coupled gauge theories or strongly correlated condensed matter systems . in particular , high temperature superconductors in the framework of the ads / cft correspondence attract much attention . \n the simple model ...
[ { "content": "relativistic heavy - ion collisions provide the opportunity to study strongly interacting nuclear matter at different thermodynamic conditions . \n quantum chromodynamics ( qcd ) , a fundamental theory to describe the interactions of quarks and gluons , has anticipated the transition from hadronic...
[ { "content": "since sumer time @xcite , and much later turing s machine tape @xcite , read / write objects are certainly the most basic memory - based communication objects . \n such an object , usually called a _ register _ , provides its users ( processes ) with a write operation which defines the new value...
[ { "content": "neutrino experiments have provided a convincing evidence that neutrinos oscillate among different flavors . \n the experimental data collected over more than a decade imply that at least two neutrinos have nonzero mass and that there is mixing in the lepton sector , in analogy to the cabibbo - kob...
[ { "content": "the study of microscopic structure and dynamics of traveling wave solutions in multi - species one - dimensional stochastic systems has attracted people s attention in this field considerably in recent years @xcite-@xcite . \n for instance , the microscopic dynamics of shocks are studied for three...
[ { "content": "the single top quark production processes are of great importance at hadron colliders since they allow a direct measurement of the coupling of the @xmath2-boson to the top quark _ \n i.e. _ the ckm matrix element @xmath4 . \n these processes can also be used to search for anomalous couplings of th...
[ { "content": "there is considerable interest in determining whether jovian planets on wide orbits represents a continuum that extends to brown dwarf masses , or whether there is a strong cutoff in the number of companions as a function of mass ( e.g. , * ? ? ? \n this relates to possible formation pathways for ...
[ { "content": "q - balls are nontopological solitonic solutions of a self - interacting complex scalar field theory carrying a conserved global @xmath0 charge \n . introduced by coleman in 1985 @xcite , their properties have been extensively studied since then @xcite . \n if on the one hand , volkov and whnert...
[ { "content": "the perturbative particle - vibration - coupling ( pvc ) model for odd - particle - number nuclei emerges naturally from the self - consistent green s function theory @xcite . \n it describes the polarization of the nucleus when one particle is added or removed @xcite , and its results can , in ...
[ { "content": "the achievement of bose - einstein condensation ( bec ) @xcite in trapped dilute atomic gases has stimulated a large interest in the physics of ultracold gases , both bosonic and fermionic ones . \n related with the latter , similar cooling methods as those employed to reach bec have been recently...
[ { "content": "lisa - laser interferometric space antenna - is a proposed esa - nasa mission which will use coherent laser beams exchanged between three identical spacecraft forming a giant ( almost ) equilateral triangle of side @xmath0 kilometres to observe and detect low frequency cosmic gw @xcite . \n laser ...
[ { "content": "a _ contact structure _ on a three - dimensional manifold @xmath4 is a smooth field @xmath7 of tangent two - dimensional planes , locally defined as a kernel of a differential @xmath8-form @xmath9 with non - vanishing @xmath10 . \n a contact structure is _ cooriented _ if the two - dimensional pla...
[ { "content": "theoretical models for gamma - ray bursts ( grbs ) can be divided into two categories : those named fireball models that treat the shock interaction of relativistic outflows and production of gamma rays and afterglows in other wavelengths ( see , e.g. , mszros 2002 and zhang & mszros 2004 for revi...
[ { "content": "for @xmath16 in the open unit disk @xmath17 consider the compact set @xmath18 given by @xmath19 it is the attractor for the iterated function system ( ifs ) @xmath20 , where @xmath21 , that is , @xmath10 is the unique non - empty compact set such that @xmath22 , see @xcite . \n the connectedness l...
[ { "content": "icecube is a cubic - kilometer - sized neutrino detector installed in the ice at the geographic south pole between depths of 1450 m and 2450 m @xcite . \n it consists of an array of photon sensors , called digital optical modules ( doms ) , attached to 86 cables , called strings . \n detector cons...
[ { "content": "the presence of compact star - forming regions in the tidal tails of colliding galaxies is commonly observed . \n the formation , in that environment , of super - star clusters with masses up to those of globular clusters has also often been reported ( e.g. , knierman et al . , 2003 ) . the existe...
[ { "content": "weak absorbers , those with @xmath8 , constitute @xmath9% of the total absorber population @xcite at @xmath10 \n . they account for a fair fraction of the @xmath11 forest @xcite . unlike strong absorbers ( which almost always are associated with a @xmath1 galaxy @xcite ) \n , weak absorbers ca...
[ { "content": "in very recent years , several stars have been proposed to have planetary companions on the basis of measured precise radial velocity variations . \n this field of research is experiencing rapid development , and updated reviews of the present situation can be found in the proceedings of the works...
[ { "content": "the rapidity - gap events recently observed at hera @xcite revived the community s interest in regge - pole description of high energy scattering . \n the word ` pomeron ' seldom heard in recent years is once again found in the lexicon of experimentalists . \n it is perhaps then a good time to hav...
[ { "content": "via imaging , spectroscopy and time - series analysis , the microwave part of the spectrum provides vital information on the properties of flare - accelerated particles and the plasma and the magnetic field in which their emission is formed . \n although there are considerable complexities in mode...
[ { "content": "the calar alto observatory is located at 2168 m height above the sea level , in the sierra de los filabres ( almeria - spain ) at 45 km from the mediterranean sea . \n it is the second largest european astronomical site in the northern hemisphere just behind the observatorio del roque de los much...
[ { "content": "i shall discuss some work that i have done with simon dalley @xcite on induced operators in qcd . \n i shall begin with a very brief review of the schwinger model , the one model that includes induced operators that can be analyzed in complete detail @xcite . \n the reasons for reviewing the schwi...
[ { "content": "the hadronization of quark gluon plasma ( qgp ) possibly produced in the early universe or expected to be formed in relativistic heavy - ion collisions has been the focus of much attention during the past few years . \n however , the mechanism of hadronization ( qcd phase transition ) remains an o...
[ { "content": "in @xcite , kellerhals wrote \n the most basic objects in polyhedral geometry are orthoschemes \" , and she gave a formula to calculate the volumes of complete orthoschemes in the three - dimensional hyperbolic space . \n what we discuss here is the existence and the uniqueness of the maximal volu...