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[ { "content": "it is generally accepted that percolation is an essential aspect of gelation or vulcanization it is doubtful that even in a highly entangled melt of long polymers a nonzero value of the static shear modulus could exist in the absence of an infinite connected network . \n however , percolation has...
[ { "content": "understanding the nature of complexity in np - hard optimization problems is an important goal in the study of complex systems @xcite . \n most of optimization problems are indeed a constraint satisfaction problem and satisfiability problem is a prototype of such problems @xcite . in a satisfiabil...
[ { "content": "the small mode volume of evanescent field atom traps engenders strong atom - light interactions without the need for a cavity @xcite . \n the recent demonstrations of trapping @xmath3cs with an optical nanofiber ( onf ) @xcite - and a state - insensitive variant @xcite mark an important experim...
[ { "content": "in the current hierarchical clustering models , galaxies form by gas cooling inside virialized cold dark matter haloes in a way that makes their properties depend only on the halo mass in which they form . \n recently , results from @xmath12-body simulations have shown that the halo clustering at ...
[ { "content": "young stars are characterized by a large degree of activity . \n winds , jets and outflows are manifestations of the interaction of the stars with the circumstellar environment in which they are embedded . \n similarly , both t tauri and herbig ae / be stars show photometric and spectroscopic vari...
[ { "content": "experiment e864 at brookhaven has a quite comprehensive set of measurements which addresses the topic of coalescence of multibaryon states in heavy - ion collisions at ags energies . \n these include measurements of stable light nuclei from mass number @xmath4=1 ( including the first measurement o...
[ { "content": "ic 2554 is a southern galaxy with a peculiar optical appearance . \n it is also known as se 72/1 ( srsic 1974 ) , eso 092-ig012 , and iras 100756647 . \n 1 shows a deep optical image of ic 2554 ( laustsen , madsen & west 1987 ) revealing many bright knots as well as a network of dust lanes in...
[ { "content": "reactor neutrino experiments have played a critical role in the history of neutrinos . among them , savannah river experiment @xcite by reines and cowan in 1956 observed the first neutrino . \n chooz @xcite determined the most stringent upper limit of the last unknown neutrino mixing angle @xmat...
[ { "content": "in a close binary consisting of a stellar - mass black hole and a mass donating normal star , the accreting matter releases its gravitational energy as x - ray radiation . in fig . [ \n fig : cygx1 ] , we show two typical x - ray spectra of cyg x-1 , the best studied black hole binary , showing i...
[ { "content": "supermanifolds were introduced by berezin , leites and konstant in the 1970s as a mathematical framework for the quantum theory of commuting and anticommuting fields . \n a remarkable contribution was berezin s definition of his integral , in ref . \n @xcite , predating the definition of supermani...
[ { "content": "let @xmath6 be a finite subgroup . according to mckay correspondence , such a subgroup gives rise to a graph @xmath2 which turns out to be an affine dynkin diagram of ade type . \n let @xmath7 be the corresponding affine lie algebra . \n there are several approaches allowing one to construct @xmat...
[ { "content": "spin net gravity is based on the quantization of gravity using connection variables . \n ( for a review , see ref . \n @xcite . ) searching for the eigenspace for geometric observables , rovelli and smolin introduced new states @xcite which echoed an older , combinatorial definition of spacetime a...
[ { "content": "cosmic radio jets are believed to be originated from the centers of active galaxies which harbor black holes ( e.g. , chakrabarti 1996a , hereafter c96a ) . even in so called ` micro - quasars ' , such as grs 1915 + 105 which are believed to have stellar mass black holes ( mirabel & rodriguez , 19...
[ { "content": "physically meaningful interpretation of the measurement of relative motion from the point of view of an accelerated observer in a gravitational field requires the introduction of a special coordinate system ( i.e. fermi coordinates ) along the worldline of the observer . in this coordinate system...
[ { "content": "ultracompact binary systems could provide a promising means to observe directly the influence of gravitational radiation on orbital evolution . \n moreover , such systems would be ideal sources for detection with spaced based gravitational radiation observatories ( such as the planned nasa / esa l...
[ { "content": "[ cols=\"^,^ \" , ] for the forward - scattering case of a disk - center observation as a function of the spatial resolution @xmath3 ( in arcseconds ) of a square @xmath4 element . \n the dotted lines indicate the resolution for which the average polarization signal is reduced by a factor @xm...
[ { "content": "adiabatic control of a quantum system through its adiabatic evolution path allows robust manipulation and high - fidelity state - preparation @xcite . gradually being recognized as an important requirement in quantum information processing @xcite , it has been under active investigation in recen...
[ { "content": "observations with the euve satellite ( bowyer & malina @xcite ) have provided evidence that a number of clusters of galaxies produce intense euv emission , substantially in excess of the low - energy tail expected from the x - ray emission by the hot , diffuse icm at temperature of a few kev . \n ...
[ { "content": "subdwarfs are metal - deficient stars , classically defined as lying below the stellar main - sequence in optical color - magnitude diagrams @xcite . \n these objects are in fact not subluminous but rather hotter ( i.e. , bluer in optical colors ) than equivalent mass main - sequence dwarfs , a co...
[ { "content": "hyperspectral images consist of very high - dimensional pixel observations that allow reconstruction of the spectral profiles of objects imaged thanks to the acquisition of several hundred narrow spectral bands . \n the supervised classification of these pixels is a challenging task , which common...
[ { "content": "hh 34 is one of the hh objects in herbig s catalogue ( herbig 1974 ) . \n it jumped into the limelight with the paper of reipurth et al . \n ( 1986 ) , who showed that the hh object ( hh 34s ) had a bow shaped morphology , and a jet - like association of aligned knots ( pointing towards the apex o...
[ { "content": "the hubbard model on a bipartite lattice is the simplest realistic toy model for description of the electronic correlation effects in general many - electron problems with short - range interaction on such a lattice . \n the model involves two effective parameters : the in - plane nearest - neighb...
[ { "content": "over the last several decades , a great deal of interest has been paid on the ( cumulative ) gravitational lensing effect on distant sources due to inhomogeneites in the matter distribution of the universe . \n this problem has been studied using various methods @xcite . in some cases , \n the len...
[ { "content": "low - dimensional quantum spin systems with frustrated interactions have drawn considerable attention for several decades @xcite . \n in particular , the square - lattice @xmath8 frustrated heisenberg magnets with first - neighbor exchange constant @xmath9 and second - neighbor constant @xmath10 a...
[ { "content": "the recent literature offers several results on the properties of gas flows on networks . for instance , in @xcite the well posedness is established for the gas flow at a junction of @xmath6 pipes with constant diameters . \n the equations governing the gas flow in a pipe with a smooth varying cr...
[ { "content": "the structure of light nuclei near the neutron drip - line is one of the interesting topic for a good number of exotic phenomena . \n nuclei in this region are quite different in collectivity and clustering features than the stable counterpart in the nuclear chart . for example , the neutron magic...
[ { "content": "we call here a _ dynamical system _ any quadruple of the form @xmath0 , where @xmath1 is a lebesgue space ( or equivalently a standard borel space equipped with a probability measure @xmath2 ) and @xmath3 an automorphism of @xmath1 : @xmath3 is a one - to - one measurable transformation of @xmath4...
[ { "content": "2 the two - dimensional classical @xmath0 model exhibits a non standard behaviour . long - range order of spins with continuous symmetries is indeed forbidden according to the mermin - wagner theorem @xcite , and thus there is no spontaneous magnetisation at finite temperature . \n the transition...
[ { "content": "this work concerns the inverse scattering problem of recovering an impenetrable obstacle by the corresponding acoustic wave detection . \n the problem has its physical origin in radar / sonar , geophical exploration , non - destructive testing and medical imaging ( cf . \n @xcite ) . let @xmath2 b...
[ { "content": "the discovery of the top quark at fermilab fulfilled the three - family quark picture in the standard electroweak model . \n up to now , some knowledge on the mass spectra of @xmath2 and @xmath3 quarks has been accumulated through both experimental and theoretical ( or phenomenological ) attempts ...
[ { "content": "in collision - poor plasmas from space large deviations from thermodynamic equilibrium can not be relaxed by the particle - particle ( coulomb ) collisions , but can presumably be constrained by the resulting kinetic instabilities . \n thus , if the solar wind expands adiabatically the cgl invaria...
[ { "content": "the extreme - mass - ratio inspirals ( emris ) of compact objects ( white dwarfs , neutron stars or stellar - mass black holes ) with mass @xmath1 into massive black holes with mass @xmath2 can serve as excellent probes of strong - field general relativity ( see @xcite and references therein for d...
[ { "content": "recently , extended red emission ( ere ) has been detected in the diffuse galactic background and in high - galactic latitude cirrus clouds with surprisingly high intensities ( gordon , witt , & friedmann 1998 ; @xcite ) . \n this emission , appearing in the 500800 nm spectral range as an unstruct...
[ { "content": "the properties of galaxies can vary depending on whether they reside in dense galaxy clusters or the field . \n the most remarkable example of this is the morphology density relation ( dressler 1980 ) in which the proportion of elliptical galaxies increases toward the cores of rich clusters . \n ...
[ { "content": "the mixing between different quarks is described by an unitary matrix in the charged current interaction of w - boson in the mass eigen - state of quarks , the cabibbo @xcite - kobayashi - maskawa @xcite(ckm ) matrix @xmath3 , defined by @xmath4 where @xmath5 , @xmath6 . for n - generations \n ,...
[ { "content": "quantum information has changed not only the way we understand quantum mechanics ; it has also changed the way we use quantum mechanics in our dealings with the real world . for years \n , the research on quantum mechanics has focused on pointing out how different quantum mechanics was from classi...
[ { "content": "in this work we continue our study of a system composed of an anderson impurity @xmath3 immersed in a 3d topological insulator ( 3dti ) with an inverted - mexican - hat \" band dispersion around the @xmath4-point @xcite . for \n the sake of self - consistency let us very briefly recapitulate the ...
[ { "content": "in 1964 gell - mann and zweig independently proposed a quark model in which all known hadrons were described as bound states of only three fundamental particles @xcite . \n each of these spin-1/2 particles , which gell - mann named quarks , has their corresponding antiparticles . however , a preci...
[ { "content": "spurious two - level system ( tls ) fluctuators are considered a serious source of low - frequency noise in superconducting qubits @xcite , and the characterization of these fluctuators in solid - state devices has a long history @xcite . \n most recently , coherent coupling between tls fluctuat...
[ { "content": "massive stars have a strong impact on the evolution of galaxies . \n o type stars and their descendants , the wolf rayet stars , are the main source of uv photons , mass , energy and momentum to the interstellar medium . \n they play the main role in the ionization of the interstellar medium and...
[ { "content": "as stars evolve , the energies from stellar winds and supernova ( sn ) explosions ( hereafter collectively referred to as `` feedback '' ) are released into the surrounding interstellar material . \n the physics of this interaction is complex , with dependencies on ( at least ) the local neutral a...
[ { "content": "why are precision tests of solar models important ? the sun is a laboratory in which the predictions of stellar evolution theory can be compared with uniquely accurate and detailed measurements . \n stellar evolution calculations are used throughout astronomy to classify , date , and interpret the...
[ { "content": "what are the physical conditions leading to formation of different populations of young , isolated ( single ) neutron stars , namely anomalous x - ray pulsars ( axps ) , soft gamma - ray repeaters ( sgrs ) , dim isolated neutron stars ( xdins ) , central compact objects ( ccos ) and rotating radio...
[ { "content": "let @xmath0 be a qbf in _ prenex cnf ( pcnf ) _ where @xmath1 with @xmath2 is the prefix containing quantified propositional variables @xmath3 and @xmath4 is a quantifier - free cnf . given a pcnf @xmath0 , an _ \n unsatisfiable core ( uc ) _ of @xmath5 is an unsatisfiable pcnf @xmath6 such that @...
[ { "content": "after the discovery of the higgs - like particle with mass around 125 gev by the atlas and cms collaborations at cern , still many convincing reasons exist to believe that the resolution of the hierarchy problem lies in new physics around the tev mass scale . \n in fact , there are at least two , ...
[ { "content": "spherical shells of charge carriers appear in a multitude of systems , such as multielectron bubbles in liquid helium @xcite , metal nanoshells coating a non - conducting nanograin @xcite , carbon cages and fullerenes . \n although the properties of flat two - dimensional systems have been widely ...
[ { "content": "since the seminal work of bachelier @xcite , prices in a competitive market have been modeled as a memoryless stochastic process . \n in fact , according to the efficient market hypothesis ( emh ) , prices fully reflect all available information @xcite . \n this property was duly proved by samuels...
[ { "content": "recent neutrino oscillation experiments suggest the strong evidences of the tiny neutrino masses and the lepton flavor mixing @xcite-@xcite . \n studies of the lepton flavor mixing matrix , which we call maki - nakagawa - sakata ( mns ) matrix @xcite , will give us important cues of the physics be...
[ { "content": "compactness is a fundamental and important property in both theory and applications @xcite . \n compactness also plays an important role in the applications of fuzzy sets @xcite . \n the compact criteria attracts much attention . \n it s well - known that arzel \n ascoli theorem(s ) provide compac...
[ { "content": "globular clusters ( gcs ) are simple stellar populations ( single age , single metallicity ) that help to trace the formation history of their host galaxy . \n gcs are also powerful tools in revealing the halo kinematics and dynamics , if large samples of globular cluster radial velocities can be ...
[ { "content": "due to such unique properties as the high intensity , high degree of collimation , and wide spectral range ( see @xcite-@xcite and references therein ) synchrotron radiation ( sr ) serves as an extraordinary research tool for advanced studies in both the fundamental and applied sciences . \n nowad...
[ { "content": "the @xmath9 - @xmath10 mass difference @xmath11 is an interesting quantity to measure an explicit breaking of the chiral symmetry by the gauge coupling ( @xmath12 ) in the spontaneously broken phase of the chiral symmetry . \n it in fact has been a prototype of the mass calculation of pseudo nambu...
[ { "content": "pure states are an important resource in quantum computation and communication algorithms @xcite . while state purification is possible via _ cooling _ , this may be impractical for several reasons , including long relaxation times , degenerate ground states , and the presence of several dephasing...
[ { "content": "the discovery of superconductivity in sr@xmath0ruo@xmath1 by maeno and coworkers @xcite has attracted widespread attention partially because of the structural similarity with the cuprate - based high - temperature superconductors ( htsc s ) . while the mother compounds of the htsc s are charge tra...
[ { "content": "chirality is a geometric property of a three - dimensional body not to coincide with its reflection in a mirror in any shifts and turns . \n such a property , for example , belongs to a human hand or a spring . the term `` chirality '' was proposed by lord kelvin in 1873 to explain some special pr...
[ { "content": "the increasing demand for accurate control of quantum devices using high - fidelity control protocols@xcite , has stimulated interest in the study of the dynamics of quantum systems in response to slowly varying hamiltonian . \n moreover , rapid progress in the field of adiabatic quantum computing...
[ { "content": "the _ @xmath6-core _ of a graph is the largest subgraph with minimum degree at least @xmath6 . \n study the following algorithm for finding the @xmath14-core of a graph : if vertices of degree one exist , select one and remove the edge incident to it . \n this may cause the degree of other vert...
[ { "content": "the modelling and interpretation of the iso - sws ( infrared space observatory - short wavelength spectrometer ) data require an accurate calibration of the spectrometers ( schaeidt et al . \n 1996 ) . in the sws spectral region \n ( 2.38 45.2 @xmath19 m ) the primary standard calibration candles...
[ { "content": "the ability to standardize type ia supernova ( sn ia ) light curves yields precise cosmological distance indicators ( e.g. , * ? ? ? * ) . despite these empirical relationships , \n questions remain about the underlying physics and progenitor systems . \n the sn itself is generally accepted to be...
[ { "content": "the availability of ubiquitous communication through the internet is driving the migration of business transactions from direct contact between people to electronically mediated interactions . \n people interact electronically either through human - computer interfaces or through programs represen...
[ { "content": "to generalize kl theory to magnetism , we need to first identify the theoretical constructs that underpin the theory of phonons and then seek analogs of these constructs in the magnon problem . the simplest description of phonons , that of the vibrations of balls connected to springs ( in the c...
[ { "content": "the possibility of quantum - gravity - induced in - vacuo dispersion , an energy dependence of the travel times of ultrarelativistic particles from a given source to a given detector , has been motivated in several studies ( see _ e.g. _ refs.@xcite and references therein ) . \n part of the intere...
[ { "content": "the total amount of emitted fluorescence light in a shower is a very good approximation to the total number of charged particles @xmath0(@xmath1 ) , where @xmath1 is the atmospheric depth . in this sense \n the number of particles at shower maximum can serve as an estimator of the shower energy . ...
[ { "content": "twistor methods in gauge theory have a long history ( summarized in ref . [ p90 ] ) . \n a common feature of these methods is that spacetime is replaced by a twistor ( or ambitwistor ) analytic manifold @xmath8 . \n equations of motion `` emerge '' ( in terminology of penrose ) from complex geomet...
[ { "content": "in their first formulation of quantum mechanics , both schrdinger and dirac were strongly influenced by connections to the hamiltonian formulation of classical mechanics . \n indeed , in one of the very first applications of schrdinger s time - dependent equation ( tdse ) , dirac @xcite indicated ...
[ { "content": "the presently most accurate way to measure the polarized gluon distribution function in the nucleon is to study those processes which can be calculated in the framework of perturbative qcd ( pqcd ) , i.e. for which the involved production cross sections and subprocess asymmetries can be predicted ...
[ { "content": "in the yang - mills theory ghost field lagrangian does nt possess gauge symmetry and together with a gauge fixing term breaks gauge invariance of the effective action . \n it makes problems for regularization and renormalization of the theory . \n the slavnov - taylor identities are more complicat...
[ { "content": "a central feature of shannon s @xcite theory of information is the notion of probability distribution , that is , a convex linear combination of outcomes of some experiment . replacing probability distributions with quantum superpositions , that is , complex projective linear combinations of outco...
[ { "content": "thermoelectric effects have generated an immense interest for quite some time already because they offer the possibility to convert heat from the environment into electrical work @xcite . \n this form of energy harvesting is potentially useful for electric circuits on modern computer chips that p...
[ { "content": "of all the light that has been emitted by stars , about half has been absorbed by interstellar dust and thermally re - radiated at far - infrared to submillimeter wavelengths , appearing as a diffuse , extragalactic , cosmic infrared background spanning 11000@xmath0 m ( cib ; * ? ? ? \n * ; * ? ?...
[ { "content": "supersymmetric yang - mills quantum mechanics ( symqm ) provides the quantitative model of m - theory @xcite . even though much simpler than the original theory the model \n is not solved in spite of its long history@xcite . \n we have therefore decided to set up a systematic lattice survey of sym...
[ { "content": "the karlsruhe tritium neutrino experiment katrin @xcite will be the first beta decay experiment attempting to measure the electron neutrino mass with sub - ev precision . \n presently the experiment is commissioned to start data - taking in 2013/14 and has a projected sensitivity of 0.2 ev ( 90% c...
[ { "content": "using particles in a manner similar to surfactants in order to stabilize emulsions is very attractive in particular for the food- , cosmetics- , and medical industry to stabilize , e.g. barbecue sauces and sun cremes or in order to produce sophisticated ways to deliver drugs at the right position ...
[ { "content": "one of the most celebrated applications of quantum information processing is grover s quantum search algorithm , which allows an initially unknown element to be determined from @xmath0 equally likely possibilities in @xmath1 queries @xcite . \n this outperforms the optimum classical strategy ( a r...
[ { "content": "the dynamics and thermodynamics of chemical reaction networks is a subject that goes back at least to @xcite . \n recent years have seen considerable interest in the problem at different levels , from the characterization of their mass - action kinetics @xcite and of their stochastic thermodynamic...
[ { "content": "mab problems @xcite are a class of resource allocation problems in which a decision - maker allocates a single resource by sequentially choosing one among a set of competing alternative options called arms . in the so - called stationary mab problem , a decision - maker at each discrete time inst...
[ { "content": "since the early years of superconductivity studies it has been noticed that any superconducting transition @xmath0 always has a finite width . \n very often sample inhomogeneity is the dominating factor . \n however with refinement of fabrication methodology it became clear that even in the most h...
[ { "content": "99 f. nozzoli , presentation given at this conference ( taup 2009 ) http://taup2009.lngs.infn.it/slides/jul3/nozzoli.pdf or http://people.roma2.infn.it/ dama / pdf / nozzoli_taup09.pdf . \n r. bernabei et al . \n instr . & meth . a 592 ( 2008 ) 297 . \n r. bernabei et al . \n , isbn 978 - 88 - 95...
[ { "content": "radio galaxies exhibit several extended components on the kpc scale , namely : jets , hotspots and lobes . \n the lobes are double structures extended over large scales , roughly symmetrical and ellipsoidal lying on both sides of the active nuclei of radio galaxies . \n it was first noticed by fan...
[ { "content": "self - consistent mean - field calculations using effective interactions have been very successful in describing the properties and the dynamics of a wide range of nuclei @xcite . \n one of the most popular effective interactions are zero - range interactions of the skyrme type because of the fas...
[ { "content": "the notion of the intrinsic charm ( ic ) content of the proton has been introduced about 30 years ago in works @xcite . \n it was shown that , in the light - cone fock space picture , it is natural to expect a five - quark state contribution of the type @xmath3 to the proton wave function @xcite ....
[ { "content": "in 1986 , the first experimental realisation of a quasi - one - dimensional electron system ( q1des ) in a dynamically confined two - dimensional electron gas ( 2deg ) was achieved @xcite . since \n then there has been an extensive theoretical and experimental effort into understanding their basi...
[ { "content": "the @xmath0 semifilled shell mn( ... @xmath0@xmath1 , \n @xmath2 ) atom has long served as the bridge to , and touchstone for , a better understanding of the interaction of transition metal atoms with x - ray and vacuum - ultraviolet radiations from early days ( see , e.g. , works by connerade et....
[ { "content": "element abundances in the early universe are important observables to determine the features of the physical processes at the epoch of big bang nucleosynthesis ( bbn ) . from a discovery of expansion of universe @xcite and the development of the cosmological theory @xcite , \n it was suggested tha...
[ { "content": "the spectroscopy of light mesons plays an important role in understanding the strong interactions at low energies . among possibilities to study the spectrum of light mesons , analysis of the @xmath1 interaction \n is particularly useful and , therefore , it has always been an object of continuous...
[ { "content": "in a number of extremal problems in probability and statistics ( see e.g. @xcite ) one needs to evaluate the positive - part moments @xmath0 of random variables ( r.v.s ) @xmath2 , where @xmath3 , the positive part of @xmath4 , and @xmath5 , for any @xmath6 and @xmath1 . \n in particular , an eff...
[ { "content": "hundreds of brown dwarfs ( bds ) have been discovered in the last few years , both within star - forming regions @xcite and among field stars @xcite . still \n very little is known about their formation processes . \n first indications that bds may form as ordinary stars , i.e. via accretion from ...
[ { "content": "hera collides an electron or positron beam of 27.5 gev and a proton beam of 920 gev ( 820 gev until 1997 ) , yielding 318 gev ( 300 gev ) center - of - mass energy ( @xmath4 ) . \n the square of the momentum transfer ( @xmath5 ) in deep inelastic scattering ( dis ) can reach several times @xm...
[ { "content": "bose - einstein condensation , first predicted in the years 1924 - 25 @xcite , was observed in 1995 on rubidium and sodium vapors @xcite . \n these remarkable experiments have generated since then a clear interest in the critical properties of this dilute macroscopic quantum state of matter . \n i...
[ { "content": "we are concerned with the existence , uniqueness , and asymptotic behavior of steady transonic flows past a curved wedge , involving transonic shocks , governed by the two - dimensional full euler equations . \n when a supersonic flow past a straight - sided wedge whose half - angle is less than t...
[ { "content": "self - assembly of block copolymers has been an actively pursued field of study because of its wide technological implications @xcite . \n depending upon the volume fraction of the components and segregation regime , block copolymers exhibit a range of periodic morphologies such as lamellae , gyro...
[ { "content": "quantum compass model @xcite has recently attracted great interests @xcite . \n it was originally proposed as a simplified model to describe some mott insulators with orbit degeneracy described by a pseudospin . in particular \n , compass model describes a system where the anisotropy of the spin c...
[ { "content": "recent years , in some results from lattice qcd @xcite , it seems the qcd phase could be changed by a strong magnetic field . by the analysis of some thermodynamic observables , \n it has been found the critical temperature of the crossover region should fall when the magnetic field increases @xci...
[ { "content": "presently there is a great deal of interest in properties of amphiphilic copolymers because of the variety and extent of conformational transitions they show under a temperature or ph variation @xcite . \n for instance , as such copolymers contain both hydrophobic and hydrophilic ( polar ) monomer...
[ { "content": "( ct ) is a phenomenon of perturbative qcd ( pqcd ) , whose characteristic feature is that small color - singlet objects interact with hadrons with small cross sections @xcite . \n cross section for the interaction of such small object , or small size configuration ( ssc ) , with a hadron target h...
[ { "content": "the birth of functional renormalization group methods is tightly connected to the investigation of scaling properties of the effective potential in statistical field theories with @xmath0 or @xmath3 symmetries @xcite , and it represents its first non - trivial application @xcite . over the years \...
[ { "content": "one of the less - studied interactions within our galaxy concerns the effect of the passage of a globular cluster ( gc ) through the disk , on the disk itself . on average \n , one globular cluster will cross the galactic disk about every million years . while the globular cluster is in the vicini...
[ { "content": "electromagnetic field enhancement in nanoplasmonic structures plays an important role in a number of applications such as nano antennas @xcite , single - photon emitters @xcite , and surface - enhanced spectroscopy techniques in general @xcite , including surface - enhanced raman spectroscopy (...
[ { "content": "the orbital degree of freedom of the electron has attracted considerable attention in recent years due to the rich variety of electronic , magnetic , and transport properties exhibited by orbitally degenerate systems such as the ferromagnetic manganites , which have highlighted the interplay betwe...
[ { "content": "a watershed event occurred on 29 march 2003 when _ hete - ii _ localized rapidly a long grb @xcite . \n the prompt discovery of the fading optical counterpart @xcite combined with its exceptional brightness allowed densely sampled observations of this afterglow ( lipkin et al . \n 2004 and referen...