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[ { "content": "simulations of lattice qcd ( lqcd ) are in practice the only reliable approach to qcd thermodynamics which covers the broad region of strongly interacting matter properties from the hadron gas at low temperatures to a deconfined quark gluon plasma phase at high temperatures . \n recently , finite ...
[ { "content": "single photons are one of the basic building blocks of quantum information technologies . \n numerous experimental implementations of quantum computation schemes @xcite , quantum communication protocols @xcite as well as quantum metrology @xcite are based on single photons as the physical reali...
[ { "content": "the equation of state ( eos ) in the vicinity of saturation density is pretty well understood . \n but beyond saturation , the theories of dense matter present uncertainties . \n neutron stars provide a fantastic astrophysical environment for testing theories of cold and dense matter . in the core...
[ { "content": "reed - solomon ( rs ) codes are among the most widely used codes . \n their applications range from consumer electronics such as compact disc ( cd ) and digital versatile disc ( dvd ) players to optical communication and data storage systems . \n most high - throughput rs codec architectures are b...
[ { "content": "circular and linear polarization are important diagnostics of nonthermal radio emission and its environment in extragalactic radio sources and galactic micro - quasars . in active galactic nuclei ( agn ) , linear polarization ( lp ) has been used to demonstrate that the emission mechanism is synch...
[ { "content": "the theoretical difficulty in understanding the smallness of the fermi scale in the standard model ( sm ) with respect to any new physics at very high energies is the main motivation for expecting new phenomena to show up already in the energy range that is probed by the cern lhc . \n one of the m...
[ { "content": "[ b ! ] [ cols=\"^ \" , ] several gnss constellations and augmentation systems are presently operational or under development , including the pioneering us global positioning system ( gps ) and the forthcoming european system , galileo . \n these all - weather , long - term , stable and pr...
[ { "content": "there are a lot of many - body systems of different physical nature where the clustering of matter from smooth or almost smooth distributions of particles can occur ( see , for example , @xcite - @xcite ) . \n such a process typically proceeds in particle ensembles with long - range forces , such ...
[ { "content": "radiation transfer plays a critical role in star formation and affects the structure of accretion flow and the resulting adiabatic cores even in a low - mass regime \n . however multi - dimensional radiation hydrodynamics ( rhd ) simulations have been rarely performed due to their high computation...
[ { "content": "there were 20 experimental presentations at this conference , all by expert people in the field . \n all these talks were plenary , so there is no point of me summarizing again the contents of each talk . \n instead , i would like to present a personal view and touch upon few selected issues which...
[ { "content": "the groundbreaking early results of nasa s _ kepler _ mission @xcite have spectacularly added to our understanding of the frequency and properties of planets in the galaxy @xcite . \n eight planetary systems discovered by _ \n kepler _ have already been confirmed by radial velocity or transit timi...
[ { "content": "financial support from the dfg is gratefully acknowledged by jk and tp . financial support from the australian research council \n is gratefully acknowledged by alo and ar . \n alo also thanks the institut fr theoretische physik at the technische universitt clausthal .", "role": "user" }, ...
[ { "content": "constructing a hyperkhler metric on the total space @xmath0 of the cotangent bundle to a khler manifold @xmath1 is an old problem , dating back to the very first examples of hyperkhler metrics given by e. calabi in @xcite . \n since then , many people have obtained a lot of important results valid...
[ { "content": "more than three decades ago partridge and peebles ( 1967 ) predicted that galaxies in their first throes of star - formation should be strong emitters in the lyman-@xmath1 line . \n their predictions were optimistic , based on converting roughly 2% of gas into stars in @xmath19 years in milky way...
[ { "content": "a theory of quantum gravity should not apply only to asymptotically locally anti - de sitter ( alads ) spacetimes . for this reason , the ads / cft correspondence @xcite , although immensely successful , has fallen short of a description of the quantum mechanics of spacetime . \n the ads restricti...
[ { "content": "an increasing number of extragalactic objects is detected at energies greater than 100 gev . \n the list of published sources comprises 20 objectsrwagner / sources ] : as expected ( e.g. , costamante & ghisellini 2002 ) , the bulk of them ( 17 ) belongs to the class of highly peaked bl lac objects...
[ { "content": "as is well - known , it is not possible to account for all three neutrino anomalies with just the three known neutrinos @xmath0 and @xmath1 . \n if one or more of them can be explained in some other way , then no extra sterile neutrinos need be invoked . \n this is one motivation for exotic scenar...
[ { "content": "axially symmetric focusing of wave fields occurs in various areas of science , since physical systems often possess an intrinsic rotational symmetry . \n in particular , the electromagnetic field enhancement by small spherical particles is important in many situations . \n spheres have minimal sur...
[ { "content": "in many crystal - growing procedures of interest , a nano - scale faceted surface appears and proceeds to evolve , often exhibiting coarsening and even dynamic scaling , whereby characteristic statistics describing the surface remain constant even as the characteristic lengthscale increases throug...
[ { "content": "the hard state of the black hole ( bh ) x - ray binaries is characterized by a power - law x - ray spectrum with photon index @xmath0 , and relatively strong radio emission ( e.g. * ? ? ? \n * ; * ? ? ? \n * ; * ? ? ? \n * ; * ? ? ? \n during the hard states , there exists an interesting nonlinear...
[ { "content": "to show whether the predictions of the fractal markets hypothesis hold , we analyze six developed ( liquid ) world indices . \n the usa is represented by nasdaq composite index ( nasdaq ) . \n the uk is covered by ftse 100 index ( ftse ) . \n continental europe is represented by stock indices of t...
[ { "content": "spiral arms are one of the the most striking , beautiful and scientifically challenging structures of disc galaxies . \n they have fascinated and intrigued astronomers for centuries . as a rough initial approximation to treat this complex problem , the spiral arms had to be assumed as almost massl...
[ { "content": "a diamod doped with boron can become superconducting at temperatures of few kelvins @xcite . \n such critical temperatures are surprisingly high for impurity band conductivity . \n moreover , one can expect that @xmath4 will be soon further increased \n . it would be useful to predict an optimal s...
[ { "content": "the diffuse stellar halo component of galaxies represents a tiny fraction of the mass ( about 1% in the case of the milky way ; morrison 1993 ) and the low surface brightness of the population makes study in extragalactic settings difficult . however , galactic halos are unique laboratories for in...
[ { "content": "since the discovery of the giant dipole resonance ( gdr ) as a collective thermal excitation in highly excited ( hot ) nuclei @xcite , many experiments were carried out in the last three decades to extract the gdr width and its shape ( linearized strength function ) as functions of nuclear temper...
[ { "content": "complementarity has become a catch - all concept to cover the weirdness of quantum mechanics ( qm ) . \n mostly , this is because its originator , bohr , actually proposed this notion in order to capture exactly these weird features and legitimize them . \n it is arguably the case , however , that...
[ { "content": "a framing for a smooth @xmath0-manifold @xmath1 is a smooth choice of ordered basis @xmath2 for the tangent space at each point of @xmath1 . \n a _ projective _ framing is a smooth choice of a _ pair _ of bases of the form @xmath3 . \n it has long been established that any orientable 3-manifold ad...
[ { "content": "after the discovery of half - metallic ferromagnetism in half - heusler alloy nimnsb by de groot et al.@xcite many of the compounds were found to be half - metallic in different experimental @xcite and theoretical studies@xcite . \n the half - metallic ferromagnets ( hmfs ) have band gap at the fe...
[ { "content": "the formation and evolution of structure in the universe is a fundamental field of research in cosmology . \n clusters of galaxies represent the most extreme deviation from initial conditions , and are therefore good evolutionary probes for studying the formation of the large - scale structure . \...
[ { "content": "let @xmath0 denote the heights of @xmath2 simple random walks on @xmath3 , conditioned on satisfying @xmath4 , \\left| z^{(i+1)}_n - z^{(i)}_n \\right| = 1.\\ ] ] more precisely , the random walk is a markov chain on the state space of @xmath5-step walks in @xmath6 @xmath7 , |z^{(i+1 ) } ...
[ { "content": "in type iib string theory there exists an @xmath2 multiplet of strings labeled by their nsns and rr charges @xmath3 @xcite . \n these strings are allowed to connect at a point or a `` junction '' as long as charge is conserved at the junction @xcite . of particular interest are bps saturated junct...
[ { "content": "the vision of molecular electronics has stimulated great interest in both the experimental @xcite and the theoretical @xcite understanding of electronic transport through single molecule devices . \n the coupling of electronic degrees of freedom to few , well - defined molecular vibrations , a p...
[ { "content": "automata theory is particularly fruitful in terms of equivalence theorems : regular expressions , deterministic and nondeterministic automata , the myhill - nerode theorem , the regular word logic and the weak second order theory of one successor all are equally expressive in the languages they de...
[ { "content": "the close interplay between theory and experiments has always led to fundamental discoveries in condensed matter physics . \n this is particularly evident in the search for topological states of matter , starting in the 80 s with the experimental observation of the integer quantum hall ( qh ) effe...
[ { "content": "many jets emanating from active galactic nuclei ( agn ) show narrow and well - collimated structures from less than a parsec ( pc ) up to mpc scales ( e.g. , zensus 1997,references therein ) . from a theoretical point of view , \n several models were proposed concerning the formation and collimati...
[ { "content": "regarding experimental agreements of einstein gravity ( en ) in various area of astrophysics and cosmology , motivates one to consider it as an acceptable theory . \n in addition , adding a constant term @xmath1 in the en - hilbert action may lead to agreement between the results of en-@xmath1 gra...
[ { "content": "we re assuming that you already know the basics of the qspn . \n if not , read the qspn document first : @xcite . \n the aim of netsukuku is to be a ( physical ) scalable mesh network , completely distributed and decentralised , anonymous and autonomous . \n the software , which must be executed b...
[ { "content": "to explain the cosmic acceleration found by the observations of type ia supernovae ( sne ia ) in 1998 @xcite , we usually introduce dark energy with negative pressure which consists about 70% of the total energy density in the universe . \n the cosmological constant with the constant equation of s...
[ { "content": "to understand the inner workings of gamma - ray burst ( grb ) central engines , it is necessary to constrain their true energy release . if a redshift is known , the isotropic energy release in gamma - rays , @xmath4 , is a readily measurable quantity . \n the `` energy crisis '' brought on by imp...
[ { "content": "ionization cooling of a muon beam can be accomplished by passing the beam through energy - absorbing material and accelerating structures , both embedded within a focusing magnetic lattice . \n the rate of change of the normalized transverse emittance with path length is then approximately describ...
[ { "content": "many quasars show short - term or / and long - term variability ( ulrich , maraschi & urry 1997 ) . \n these changes in the source flux help to constrain the physics and the size of the central engine . \n astronomers came to an early understanding that the central engines of the agns and qsos can...
[ { "content": "recently , there has been a lot of interest in quantitative estimates for isoperimetric @xcite , sobolev @xcite , gagliardo - nirenberg @xcite , and brunn - minkowski @xcite type inequalities . \n the aim of all of these results is to show that if a set / function almost attains the equality in on...
[ { "content": "the torque on an electric dipole * p * , at rest in a uniform electric field * e * , is @xmath0 the torque on a magnetic dipole * m * , at rest in a uniform magnetic field * b * , is @xmath1 but what if the dipole is moving , at a constant velocity * v * ? \n it is well known that a moving electri...
[ { "content": "the vista variables in the va lctea ( vvv ) eso public survey @xcite is a time - series , near - infrared ( ir ) survey of the galactic bulge and an adjacent portion of the inner disk , covering 562 square degrees of the sky ( fig . \n [ fig : area ] ) . \n the survey has provided multi - color p...
[ { "content": "metamaterials are artificial materials that can be engineered to exhibit fascinating electromagnetic properties that do not occur in nature , such as negative refractive index , `` perfect '' imaging and electromagnetic cloaking @xcite , chiral metamaterials have shown giant optical activity @xcit...
[ { "content": "most known interstellar molecules have been detected in the millimeter wavelength range . \n this is clearly related to the fact that , in general , the simplest and hence the lightest molecules are the most abundant cosmic molecular species . \n their strongest rotational lines at the temperature...
[ { "content": "air transportation systems have been traditionally described as graphs with vertices representing airports and edges direct flights during a fixed time period @xcite . \n these graphs are called airport networks and have been studied at different geographical resolution scales , restricted , for ...
[ { "content": "understanding anomalous transport in magnetically confined plasmas is an outstanding issue in controlled fusion research . \n a satisfactorily understanding of the non - local features as well as the non - gaussian probability distribution functions ( pdfs ) found in experimental measurements of p...
[ { "content": "one of the constraints that lead to the nielsen - ninomiya @xcite no - go theorem , is the chiral invariance of the dirac action @xmath2 for massless fermions on the lattice . under certain conditions @xcite , the spectrum of fermions @xmath3 would suffer from doubling , and \n the axial anomaly w...
[ { "content": "the concept of exchange interactions in almost - localized correlated fermions first appeared in the pioneering papers of heisenberg@xcite and was formulated in a more general mathematical way by dirac@xcite . \n although the early papers by dirac already contain the general expression of the hami...
[ { "content": "the diffuse @xmath0-ray emission , both galactic and extragalactic , is of significant interest for astrophysics , particle physics , and cosmology . the diffuse galactic emission ( dge ) is produced by interactions of crs , mainly protons and electrons , with the interstellar gas ( via @xmath3-pr...
[ { "content": "experiments to date exploit wide feshbach resonances and are thus well described by the simplest single - channel hamiltonian , where the two fermion species interact via an attractive contact potential @xmath2 here , @xmath3 ( we set @xmath4 and @xmath5 ) , @xmath6 is the volume , and we define t...
[ { "content": "we consider the gaussian regression framework @xmath4 where @xmath5 is an unknown vector of @xmath6 and the @xmath7 are independent centered gaussian random variables with common variance @xmath2 . throughout the paper \n , @xmath8 is assumed to be unknown which corresponds to the practical case ....
[ { "content": "the interstellar medium ( ism ) of the milky way ( mw ) and other galaxies is a complex mix of gas and dust . \n the processes involved in maintaining the mass , energy , and ionization balance of the ism are not properly understood . \n high resolution ultraviolet ( _ uv _ ) spectra provides info...
[ { "content": "the design and the analysis of caching systems , a very traditional and widely studied topic in computer science , has recently drawn again attention by the networking research community . \n this interest revival is mainly due to the important role that caches play today in the distribution of co...
[ { "content": "duality is a sort of symmetry that exists between two or more very special theories . \n the remarkable fact about these kinds of symmetries is that when we make the duality transformations over the important fields , we change the regime of couplings in the theories involved . in other words , \n...
[ { "content": "the determination of the signal template of the radiating companion of a black hole is of great importance for the forthcoming interferometric gravitational observatories . an inspiralling neutron star or a several solar - mass black hole orbiting a massive black hole , as well as a particle const...
[ { "content": "it is now clear that chemical noise can sometimes play a significant role in the functioning of biochemical reaction networks @xcite . \n such noise is implicated in the spontaneous flipping of genetic switches @xcite , and has been shown to have an adverse effect on the functioning of a synthetic...
[ { "content": "the modeling of equilibrium figures is one major goal in astrophysics . in the case of compact objects , \n relativistic effects become relevant and it is necessary to treat them using general relativity . exact solutions in this field \n are rare , and one is generally required to resort to appro...
[ { "content": "s a major breakthrough in coding theory , polar codes , introduced by arikan in @xcite , can asymptotically achieve the channel capacity of binary symmetric channels using a successive cancellation ( sc ) decoder with a complexity of @xmath1 , where @xmath2 , is the code block length . \n later , ...
[ { "content": "energy and electronic transport plays a central role in a wide range of chemical and biological systems . \n it is the fundamental mechanism for transporting the energy of an absorbed photon to a reaction center in light harvesting systems and for initiating a wide range of photo - induced chemica...
[ { "content": "one of the important nonlinear processes affecting pulse propagation in massive wavelength division multiplexing ( wdm ) optical fiber communication systems is due to inter - pulse raman - induced crosstalk @xcite . in this process , which takes place during collisions between pulses from differen...
[ { "content": "in this paper we briefly discuss the usage of multigrid ( mg ) iteration schemes to solve the non - lte problem of the 2nd kind as defined by @xcite . \n the era of extensive development of mg methods started in 1970 s by the work of @xcite . \n several steps in using mg methods applied to radiati...
[ { "content": "black hole accretion flow can reach a temperature of about @xmath1k if no cooling processes are included . here \n , @xmath2 is the gravitational radius of a black hole , @xmath3 is the boltzmann constant , @xmath4 is the gravitational constant , @xmath5 is the mass of the black hole , @xmath6 is ...
[ { "content": "the major expected source of gravitational waves for the advanced ligo @xcite class of gravitational wave detectors are compact binary systems . \n the long inspiral signals from such binaries will be detected by matched filtering with theoretical templates , which allows signal - to - noise to be...
[ { "content": "despite decades of study our knowledge of the fundamental resonance spectrum of the nucleon is still incomplete . many resonance properties are uncertain and some resonances predicted to exist are yet to be observed . \n most predictions of the resonance spectrum are based on phenomenological mode...
[ { "content": "many chemical and biological systems exhibit excitability . in small ( zero - dimensional ) geometry \n they show threshold behaviour , i.e. small perturbations immediately decay , whereas sufficiently large perturbations decay only after a large excursion . \n this behaviour is crucial for the el...
[ { "content": "the seyfert 1 galaxy mcg-6 - 30 - 15 is the primary `` disk - line '' target , in which a relativistically broadened iron k - emission line is suggested to originate in the innermost region of the accretion disk around the black hole ( e.g. , tanaka et al . \n mcg-6 - 30 - 15 is also known to exhi...
[ { "content": "quantum discord is the most well - known measure of non - classical correlations and is thought to differentiate quantum and classical systems @xcite . \n it is defined as the minimum difference between two classically equivalent formulations of the mutual information between subsystems @xmath2 a...
[ { "content": "starting with the synthesis of graphene@xcite a new era of two dimensional ( 2d ) materials have emerged . among them \n we find hexagonal boron nitride , molybdenum disulphide , dichalcogenides , layered oxides@xcite , silicene and more recently one layer of black phosphorous ( phosphorene)@xcite...
[ { "content": "description logics ( dls ) @xcite are a family of logic - based knowledge representation formalisms , which can be used to represent the conceptual knowledge of an application domain in a structured and formally well - understood way . \n they are employed in various application domains , such as ...
[ { "content": "pioneering experiments on ultracold gases of atoms trapped in optical lattices allowed for a direct observation of quantum many - body phenomena , such as the quantum phase transition from mott phase to superfluid phase.@xcite optical lattices are realized by counterpropagating laser beams , which...
[ { "content": "star - forming disc galaxies like the milky way must accrete @xmath0 1 @xmath2 of fresh gas each year ( see * ? ? ? * and references therein ) and have built their discs gradually over the last 10 gyr ( e.g. * ? ? ? \n a central question is the origin of the accreted gas and how this gas reaches t...
[ { "content": "if @xmath0 is a not everywhere defined operator on a locally convex vector space @xmath1 and @xmath2 is a lipschitz curve system on the riemann sphere then @xmath3 if @xmath4 and the resolvent operators of @xmath0 with poles from @xmath2 applied @xmath5 times to @xmath6 give a continuous function ...
[ { "content": "recently , slow anomalous diffusion , which is defined by the sublinear dependence of the mean square displacement ( msd ) on time , has been found in various phenomena including lipid granules diffusing in living fission yeast cells @xcite , colloidal particles diffusing on sticky surfaces @xcite...
[ { "content": "hypernuclei provide a unique laboratory for the investigation of hadronic many - body systems with strangeness -1 and for the study of new aspects of the strong and weak interactions in nuclei . because direct measurements of hyperon - nucleon ( @xmath5 ) scattering at low energies are prohibited ...
[ { "content": "a self - map @xmath0 of a metric space @xmath1 is _ non - expansive _ if @xmath2 . \n a general problem consists in studying the asymptotic behaviour of the orbits of @xmath0 . \n this is motivated in particular by the celebrated theorem of denjoy and wolff @xcite on the iteration of holomorphic ...
[ { "content": "current knowledge of the ckm matrix element @xmath3 is derived from the mesonic decays @xmath4 or @xmath5 . \n experimental knowledge of the @xmath6 semileptonic decay can lead to an independent estimate of @xmath3 if the effect of the strong interaction in the decay are understood , _ \n e.g. _ ,...
[ { "content": "the spectra of quasars show a @xmath0forest `` of absorption lines blueward of the ly-@xmath1 emission line ( lynds 1971 , sargent et al . 1980 , weymann , carswell , & smith 1981 ) . \n observational and theoretical work in recent years has shown that most of this absorption can be attributed to...
[ { "content": "as of now , most of hadrons can be well described by the classical constituent quark model in the picture of @xmath3 for mesons and @xmath4 for baryons . however , according to the quantum chromodynamics , the exotic states ( such as the multiquark states , molecule states etc . ) \n are also allo...
[ { "content": "precision frequency measurements @xcite of a stabilized laser source are of great importance in the field of metrology @xcite as well as atomic , molecular @xcite and optical physics @xcite . here \n we show that weak values @xcite in an optical deflection measurement experiment @xcite can produce...
[ { "content": "laser induced desorption of atoms and molecules from solid surfaces is a vital phenomenon to investigate fundamentals such as surface electronic structures and dynamics.@xcite besides , laser desorption is an essential technique for pulsed laser deposition used in thin film growth @xcite and mass ...
[ { "content": "let @xmath0 be an integer @xmath1-matrix such that @xmath2 is in the row span of @xmath0 . \n this defines a _ projective toric variety _ \n @xmath3 in @xmath4 . \n its _ dual variety _ \n @xmath5 is the closure in the projective space dual to @xmath4 of the set of hyperplanes that are tangent to...
[ { "content": "recently discovered iron - based superconductors@xcite induce great interest in scientific community because of rather high @xmath8 , proximity to the spin - density wave state and multiband nature of electronic transport.@xcite@xmath10@xcite however , these materials also encourage potential tech...
[ { "content": "the anti - correlation between the equivalent widths of broad emission lines and agn luminosity ( the `` baldwin effect '' ; hereinafter be ) was first discovered by baldwin ( 1977 ) for the civ @xmath01549 broad emission line in high redshift agns . \n it was initially hoped to be able to use th...
[ { "content": "massive star formation must eventually differ substantially from low mass star formation because the outcomes are so different . \n massive stars form in groups inside dense clusters of lower mass stars and whereas in low mass star formation , more isolated single stars or binary stars are formed ...
[ { "content": "there are many motivations to introduce an extended higgs sector . \n examples are , including obsolete ones , fine - tuning in the weak - scale higgs mass @xcite suggesting supersymmetry @xcite , @xmath0-violation @xcite , grand unification @xcite , extended gauge symmetry @xcite , strong @xmath0...
[ { "content": "i would like to acknowledge y. jia and c.d . \n l for fruitful discussions and kind encouragement , h.y . \n cheng , c.k . \n chua and x.h . \n liu for useful discussions on the harmonic oscillator wave functions , y.m . \n wang for reading the manuscript and sharing the results of @xmath82 in lig...
[ { "content": "electrons are described by the dirac equation where the u(1 ) maxwell electromagnetic field ( emf ) @xmath0 is coupled to the charge current @xmath1 as described by the lagrangian ( in the natural unit where @xmath2 ; @xmath3 ) @xcite @xmath4 \\psi.\\ ] ] where @xmath5 is the covariant derivative...
[ { "content": "the cabibbo - kobayashi - maskawa ( ckm ) matrix element @xmath11 describes the rich phenomena of flavor - changing transitions between the two heavy quarks @xmath12 and @xmath13 . \n its precise extraction has become a very important issue in heavy flavor physics . \n generally @xmath0 is extract...
[ { "content": "in physical theories on a fixed background spacetime , as in newtonian theory or special relativity , it is not difficult to formulate asymptotic fall - off conditions on fields of spatially bounded systems . \n for example , the gravitational potential due to a newtonian star is usually required ...
[ { "content": "neutrinos of different flavor suffer different refraction in matter @xcite . \n the energy shift between @xmath3 and @xmath0 or @xmath1 is @xmath5 with @xmath6 the fermi constant , @xmath7 the baryon density , and @xmath8 the electron fraction . \n @xmath9 is caused by the charged - current @xmat...
[ { "content": "suppose given a based map @xmath9 of simply connected cw complexes . \n denote by @xmath10 the path component of the space of ( unbased ) maps @xmath11 consisting of those maps that are homotopic to @xmath4 . \n then evaluation at the basepoint of @xmath5 gives a based map @xmath12 . \n we refer t...
[ { "content": "the theoretical description of multiphase flows is essentially based on analyzing the reponse of a cloud of dispersed particles of different size ranges in a fluid . \n these particles constitute dynamic phases and hence a multiphase flow . \n a widely used multiphase system is a bubble column whi...
[ { "content": "the current sn classification scheme is based on both the properties of the spectrum and of the light curve . \n the basic properties of stripped envelope sne ( ia , b , c ) light curves ( lcs ) are well reproduced by considering the diffusion of the radioactive decay energy of @xmath0ni and @xmat...
[ { "content": "a complete understanding of transport behavior in many - body systems is one of the utmost challenges in fundamental studies of non - equilibrium statistical mechanics . in the classical domain \n , it is widely believed that chaotic systems should show diffusive ( normal ) transport , whereas int...
[ { "content": "sudakov - tsirelson and borell proved independently ( see @xcite ) that for @xmath0 endowed with a gaussian measure , half - spaces bounded by hyperplanes are isoperimetric , i.e. , minimize weighted perimeter for given weighted volume . \n caete et al . \n * question 6 ) , in response to a questi...
[ { "content": "the chiral multiplet of @xmath0 supersymmetry@xcite can be formulated on the lattice so that the supersymmetry is preserved and the vacuum energy is cancelled in the free limit , thanks to the bilinear nature of the free action . by using overlap ( majorana ) fermion @xcite for the fermionic compo...
[ { "content": "the detailed circuit diagram we use for our experiments is sketched in fig.s1 . \n all the electronic components for controlling the coupling are placed on a pcb ( printed circuit board ) that is shielded with a metal box . \n the output of the pcb goes to the electrical feedthroughs of the vacuum...
[ { "content": "discovery of giant magnetoresistance ( mr ) in magnetic multilayers @xcite , which consist of alternating ferromagnetic metal ( f ) and normal metal ( n ) layers , stimulated intensive studies of spin - polarized transport through layered magnetic structures @xcite . in a paper \n @xcite the semic...