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[ { "content": "presently the origin still remains elusive for the observed galactic and extragalactic magnetic fields of about a few @xmath5 g @xcite . \n it is generally believed that the so - called galactic dynamo @xcite mechanism must be involved to amplify a magnetic seed field @xmath6 g on a comoving sca...
[ { "content": "simulating finite density qcd is one of the outstanding problems in lattice gauge theory @xcite . because of the sign problem \n no reliable numerical simulations of finite density qcd with three colors exist even in the strong coupling limit @xcite . \n this is a rather frustrating situation in v...
[ { "content": "x - ray binaries ( xbs ) represent the end - points of stellar evolution , and the xb population of a galaxy is informed by the star formation history of that galaxy . \n one way of characterizing such populations is the distribution of their orbital periods ; however , the estimation orbital peri...
[ { "content": "vortices have fascinated the minds of scientists throughout history . beginning with the angular momentum eigenstates of the hydrogen atom , quantum - mechanical vortices emerged as key entities characterizing quantum liquids such as superconductors and superfluid helium @xcite . \n more recently ...
[ { "content": "mira ( o ceti ) is the prototype of the class of mira - type variable stars , characterized observationally by large visual photometric pulsation amplitudes and regular periods between 100 and 1000 days . \n mira - type variables represent one of the late stages of evolution for 1 - 2 solar mass s...
[ { "content": "this work is supported in part by the national science foundation of china ( no . 11075139 and no.10705024 ) . \n g.z is also supported in part by the fundamental research funds for the central universities . \n t. aaltonen _ et al . _ \n [ cdf collaboration ] , [ arxiv:1104.0699 [ hep - ex ] ] ....
[ { "content": "the notion of co - hopficity plays an important role in group theory . recall that a group @xmath0 is said to be _ co - hopf _ \n if @xmath0 is not isomorphic to a proper subgroup of itself , that is , if every injective homomorphism @xmath2 is surjective . \n a group @xmath0 is _ almost co - hopf...
[ { "content": "microsoft kinect@xmath0 ( hereafter , simply ` kinect ' ) @xcite , a low - cost , portable motion - sensing hardware device , was developed by the microsoft corporation ( microsoft , usa ) as an accessory to the xbox @xmath2 video - game console ( 2010 ) . \n the sensor is a webcamera - type , add...
[ { "content": "the collective magnetic dipole mode ( m1 ) was one of the central subjects in the last two decades . \n the interest has grown with time due to the wealth of experimental data provided by several groups performing either @xmath2 experiments at backward angles with high resolution or @xmath3 measur...
[ { "content": "entanglement @xcite , i.e. , correlations between parts of a quantum system that defy any classical description , lies at the heart of quantum mechanics . \n it is the basis for many applications of quantum information theory , such as quantum teleportation @xcite , quantum computing @xcite , q...
[ { "content": "advances in experimental setups along the past two decades have allowed to grow in a controlled way , and characterize , tiny structures and devices , paving the way for the slow development of those fields of materials science now covered under the umbrella of nanoscience . \n ever more powerful ...
[ { "content": "this work was supported by epsrc under the oxford condensed matter theory grant gr / m04426 . \n the ideas developed initially at an itp ( santa barbara ) workshop in 1997 , and rbs would like to thank the participants , and particularly the directors s. nagel , a. liu and s. edwards , for sharing...
[ { "content": "the principle of equal a priori probabilities , which is at the foundation of statistical mechanics , postulates subjective ignorance at the core of our understanding of macroscopic systems . \n it assumes that an isolated system is described by the microcanonical ensemble : an equal mixture over ...
[ { "content": "small oscillations about the stable equilibrium of a many - body ground state are quantized as bosonic quasi - particles or bosons . in various physical contexts \n the linearized equations of motion for such excitations are known as the random phase approximation , or rpa equations for short @xci...
[ { "content": "the universe is presently undergoing an accelerated phase of expansion . \n several candidates have been proposed in the literature to explain this cosmic accelerated expansion , such as dark energy models , the generalized chaplygin gas , modified gravity and scalar - tensor theories , tachyon sc...
[ { "content": "let @xmath2 be a separable hilbert space and let @xmath3 be a densely defined linear operator with domain @xmath4 . \n [ def - n - ran ] _ the set of complex numbers : @xmath5 is called the _ numerical range _ of the operator @xmath3 . \n _ [ rem-1 - 1 ] ( a ) it is known that the set @xmath6 i...
[ { "content": "in photoionized nebulae both h ii regions and planetary nebulae ( pne) optical recombination lines ( orls ) provide abundance values that are systematically larger than those obtained using collisionally excited lines ( cels ) ( see e. g. * ? ? ? \n * ; * ? ? ? \n * , and references therein ) . ...
[ { "content": "in recent years fluctuation diamagnetism and the nernst effect in the pseudogap regime of cuprate superconductors have generated great interest both theoretically @xcite and experimentally @xcite . \n experiments have found a very large diamagnetic and nernst response in the enigmatic pseudogap...
[ { "content": "it is well - known that the faddeev - popov construction , which is the standard analytic method for fixing the gauge , is not sufficient in order to treat the infrared regime of qcd . \n the problem originates in the existence of gribov copies @xcite which are ignored in the faddeev - popov cons...
[ { "content": "diluted magnetic semiconductors @xcite represent an important class of materials and structures where ferromagnetism can be tuned by voltage @xcite . \n this ability comes from the carrier - mediated character of the ferromagnetic interaction @xcite . \n the ferromagnetic ordered state in these sy...
[ { "content": "we are interested in the dynamics of an asset price in a limit order market . \n we aim at constructing a tractable model which captures endogenously such phenomena observed in actual markets as nonlinearity in liquidation , permanent market impact and a flash crash due to illiquidity . \n the liq...
[ { "content": "early investigators studied the spatial distribution of galaxies because they hoped to learn about the structure of the universe on the largest scales . \n their influential work was superseded , in the end , by its competition . \n problems began with the demonstration that galaxies contained onl...
[ { "content": "classical cepheids have been key objects in the long - lasting efforts to measure the extragalactic distance scale and to probe the predictions of stellar evolution and stellar pulsation theory ( e.g. freedman and madore 2010 , caputo et al . 2005 ) . given the enormous importance of cepheids for ...
[ { "content": "analysis of the interaction between the electric field @xmath1 applied perpendicularly to the plane @xmath12 and the robin boundary condition ( bc ) at it @xcite @xmath13 has shown that the spectrum of the one - dimensional quantum particle of the mass @xmath14 moving on the half - line @xmath15 a...
[ { "content": "the possible use of gaas detectors in the future atlas experiment at the lhc imposes severe demands on the radiation hardness of the gaas detectors . \n semi - insulating , undoped gaas detectors have been shown to withstand doses up to 100mrad of @xmath3co gamma rays @xcite . their sensitivity to...
[ { "content": "given a convex body @xmath3 and some subspace @xmath4 , how to compute the volume of the intersection @xmath5 ? \n how to find the maximal or minimal sections ? \n these questions have been considered for various convex bodies . \n a first example is the unit cube intersected with central hyperpla...
[ { "content": "this notes represent the written version of lectures i gave in mini - courses at universidade de braslia ( april 3 - 6 , 2013 ) , universidad central de venezuela ( may 23 - 27 , 2016 ) and at the villa de leyva summer school `` geometric , topological and algebraic methods for quantum field theor...
[ { "content": "computers are physical systems and information has to be stored and transmitted using physical devices . \n this trivially sounding statement has led to very important insights as soon as one starts to ask for the fundamental physical limits of computation . \n the most known statement is probably...
[ { "content": "for the past twenty years , much work has been done to understand the spin structure of the nucleons . \n there has been progress in determining the contribution of the lightest quarks to the spin , but there is still uncertain knowledge about the gluon contribution . \n transversity studies have ...
[ { "content": "entanglement entropy has been an intensively studied subject in the last few years , and indeed a primary role has been played by the well known formula for its holographic computation . given a fixed time codimension one submanifold @xmath2 , with its complement @xmath3 , and a density matrix @xm...
[ { "content": "conformal field theories in two dimensions can be used to describe string theory from the worldsheet perspective and statistical systems at a second order phase transition . \n the study of these field theories is often manageable because the infinite dimensional symmetry algebras which exist can ...
[ { "content": "the generation of nonclassical states of light is one of the primary research areas in quantum optics . \n in particular , the preparation of _ entangled states _ of light has attracted a considerable amount of attention recently , since these states have been identified as a key resource for quan...
[ { "content": "is the higgs boson recently found by the atlas and cms experiments the only scalar particle , or are there other higgs - like states around the fermi scale ? \n this question is of fundamental importance for particle physics , and motivates a detailed study of the phenomenology of additional scala...
[ { "content": "branched cyclic covers of @xmath0 have played a major role in topology , and continue to appear in a wide variety of contexts . for example , branched cyclic covers of @xmath0 branched over two - bridge knots have recently appeared in combinatorial work bounding the matveev complexity of a 3-manif...
[ { "content": "quantum system restricted on a bounded domain has become more relevant for theoretical physics . there , the role of boundary conditions are very important not only for the long distance ( infrared ) regime but also for the short distance ( ultraviolet ) regime . \n mathematically , the correct fr...
[ { "content": "the internet and the world wide web ( www ) , the electricity power grid , networks of flight connections , of social contacts , and neuronal networks of the brain are few of the many examples of networks that surround us and that may be usefully described as graphs @xcite . \n graph theory is ro...
[ { "content": "there has been enormous progress over the past decade in discovering galaxies and qsos at increasingly high redshifts . \n we are now probing far enough back in time that the universe at these early epochs was fundamentally different from its predominantly ionized state today . \n observations of ...
[ { "content": "the electron spin has recently made its appearance in organic electronics , generating a new field which takes the suggestive name of molecular - spintronics @xcite . \n the main idea is to investigate how spin - currents propagate through organic molecules possibly affecting their internal state ...
[ { "content": "surface plasmon resonance ( spr ) is a well accepted direct detection technique for monitoring biological processes @xcite . while ellipsometry is another well known method for analyzing thin film properties @xcite , its use in liquid medium for monitoring biochemical reactions \n is made difficul...
[ { "content": "the class of hyperluminous infrared galaxies , whose bolometric luminosities exceed @xmath9 , have been found through far - infrared and submillimetre surveys by iras and scuba ( e.g. , rowan - robinson 2000 ) , and more are expected from the spitzer space telescope . \n some of them may be massiv...
[ { "content": "mcneil s nebula was recently illuminated by the outburst of v1647 ori ( mcneil 2004 ) , a young star that is embedded in the lynds 1630 dark cloud and coincides with the 850@xmath4 continuum source oribsmm55 ( mitchell et al . \n v1647 ori has a flat sed in the mid - infrared , and is thus a class...
[ { "content": "the weak - localization approach ( wla ) has been a very popular tool to estimate whether electronic states in a weakly disordered system tend to localize or to delocalize on large scales . \n moreover , it enables us to calculate the magnetoresistance in the presence of a weak magnetic field and ...
[ { "content": "liquids cooled toward their glass transition exhibit remarkable dynamical behavior @xcite . \n the initial slowing down of many liquids at temperatures well above their glass transition temperature @xmath0 can be described to great extent by the mode coupling theory @xcite , which predicts divergi...
[ { "content": "there is strong cosmological and astrophysical evidence for the existence of dark matter ( dm ) in the universe . \n the observations indicate that dm , about 26% of the total mass - energy of the universe , is non - baryonic , non - relativistic and not subject to electromagnetic interactions @xc...
[ { "content": "it would be very interesting if @xmath13 and @xmath0 violation were a consequence of another fundamental symmetry , such as a symmetry between electric and magnetic charges . in ref . \n @xcite we considered the possibility that dyons ( electrically charged magnetic monopoles ) could induce parity...
[ { "content": "the coefficients in the zero mode hamiltonian ( [ hzero ] ) are @xmath148\\big],\\nonumber\\\\ b&=&\\frac{1}{2n_0 ^ 2}\\left[\\varepsilon(1+m^2 ) -8c_2{\\cal o}_{\\phi\\theta}m^2\\right]\\nonumber\\\\ c&=&\\frac{1}{3n_0 ^ 2}(\\varepsilon-4c_2{\\cal o}_{\\phi\\theta}),\\nonumber\\\\ \\alpha&=&\\fra...
[ { "content": "recently , much attention has been drawn to the problem of recovering a target matrix from a small set of linear measurements . \n the estimated matrix is a superposition of low - complexity structure . \n it can be found in many different fields , such as medical imaging @xcite , seismology @xcit...
[ { "content": "at the time of discovery , supernova ( sn ) 2006gy was the most luminous sn ever found @xcite \n . generated a great deal of interest ; in addition to being @xmath3100 times more luminous than a typical type ii ( hydrogen - rich , core - collapse ) sn at peak , it exhibited a long rise time ( @x...
[ { "content": "let @xmath0 denote the fibonacci numbers ( where we have shifted the usual initial condition ) ; i.e. @xmath1 . \n + consider the formal power series @xmath2 let @xmath3 be the coefficient of @xmath4 in @xmath5 . \n it is clear that @xmath6 , where @xmath7 is the number of partitions of @xmath8 in...
[ { "content": "more than 54% of all wolf - rayet ( wr ) stars are in binary systems that consist of a wr and an ob - type star @xcite . \n the collision between two stellar winds in these systems produces characteristic signatures in different wavelength bands that can include non - thermal radio emission @xcite...
[ { "content": "it is well known that metallic nanoparticles can sustain localized surface plasmon ( lsp ) oscillations , whose resonance frequencies in the quasi - static limit depend solely on the geometry of the nanoparticle , the permittivity of the metal and the surrounding permittivity . \n the dependency o...
[ { "content": "the construction of an internally consistent and falsifiable theory of quantum gravity is one of the major challenges of modern theoretical physics . as the perturbative quantisation of the einstein - hilbert action yields a non - renormalisable theory @xcite several alternative approaches \n have...
[ { "content": "gas and dust mixtures are ubiquitously present in nature , so a correct numerical prescription of its evolution turns out to be of the uttermost importance . in many astrophysical applications \n , dust can be described as a set of particles immersed in a fluid phase ( gas ) . \n mathematically , ...
[ { "content": "since the recent rediscovery of low - density parity - check ( ldpc ) codes , a great deal of effort has been devoted to constructing ldpc codes that can work well with the belief - propagation iterative decoder . \n the studies of long block - length ldpc codes are very much established . \n the ...
[ { "content": "in this paper , we address a number of outstanding classical questions on the geometry of embedded surfaces of constant mean curvature and more generally , laminations and foliations of @xmath3 and other three - manifolds , where the leaves of these laminations are surfaces with constant mean curv...
[ { "content": "let @xmath0 be a non - empty _ lattice polygon _ , \n i.e. the convex hull of a finite number of lattice points in @xmath1 , and consider a _ lattice direction _ @xmath2 , i.e. a non - zero primitive vector . the _ lattice width of @xmath3 in the direction @xmath4 _ is @xmath5 the _ lattice width ...
[ { "content": "although robots are finding their place in our society as artificial pets , entertainers , and tools for therapists , current technologies have yet to reach the full emotional and social capabilities necessary for rich and robust interaction with human beings . to achieve this potential \n , resea...
[ { "content": "many - body simulation methods , such as diffusion monte carlo ( dmc ) @xcite and auxiliary field quantum monte carlo ( afqmc ) , @xcite are capable of yielding highly accurate results for electronic systems . in extended systems , however , because of the use of periodic boundary conditions ( pbc...
[ { "content": "from the time when the quarks were predicted @xcite , their nature has remained rather elusive . \n the reason is that direct experimental studies of quarks are very limited . \n quarks do not exist in vacuum as free particles . under normal conditions , \n they are always confined inside hadrons ...
[ { "content": "the emerging field of metamaterials and the realization of materials exhibiting a negative index of refraction ( nim ) in the past ten years opened the way for various fascinating applications . with these novel materials physical applications like cloaking devices @xcite and optical imaging beyon...
[ { "content": "a thermally driven flow , or ludwig - soret effect , is observed when applying a thermal gradient to a complex fluid @xcite . \n the corresponding mass transport is relevant for natural and technological processes , such as the global circulation of sea water @xcite and the phase behavior of eut...
[ { "content": "safety line is a company that offers innovative solutions ( software and statistical analysis ) for risk management in the field of air transport ( airlines , maintenance organizations , airports ... ) . \n the main expertise of safety line relies in hazard identification and risk assessment , ass...
[ { "content": "damped ly@xmath0 ( dla ) absorbers in quasar spectra are the class of absorbers with the highest column density of neutral hydrogen ( @xmath2 ) . \n they are important as it can be shown that they contain the bulk of the neutral hydrogen content of the universe ( e.g. storrie - lombardi & wolfe 2...
[ { "content": "recent studies of the lattice qcd in the maximally abelian ( ma ) gauge suggest the remarkable properties of the qcd vacuum , such as abelian dominance@xcite and monopole condensation@xcite , which provide the dual superconductor picture of the qcd vacuum as is described by the dual ginzburg - lan...
[ { "content": "microtubules are filamentous protein aggregates that appear in all eukaryotic cells . \n they have an inherent polarity that results in different dynamics at their two ends . \n the so - called plus end is highly dynamic , alternating between prolonged periods of polymerization ( growth ) and depo...
[ { "content": "several passenger boarding schemes are used by the airline industry in effort to quickly load passengers and their luggage onto an airplane . \n since the passenger boarding time often takes longer than refueling and restocking the airplane its reduction could constitute a significant savings to a...
[ { "content": "the direct detection of gravitational radiation presents one of the greatest scientific challenges of our day . with interferometers such as ligo , virgo , geo , and tama @xcite expected to be operating in the next few years , and \n a new generation of spherical resonant mass detectors under stud...
[ { "content": "codes , proposed by arikan @xcite , are proved to achieve the symmetric capacities of the binary - input discrete memoryless channels ( b - dmcs ) . \n this capacity - achieving code family is based on a technique called channel polarization . by performing the channel splitting and channel combin...
[ { "content": "quantum bits ( _ qubits _ ) are the elementary units of information that are used to represent quantum data @xcite . \n thus , the idea of a qubit underlies all investigations in the rapidly growing science of quantum information including quantum information theory , quantum communication , qua...
[ { "content": "to verify that the evolution operator ( eq . [ u ] ) is exact , we provide an example associated with the hamiltonian of spin-1/2 particle in an effective magnetic field having a known solution : @xcite @xmath98 the energy eigenvalues of ( [ ht-2 ] ) are @xmath99 where @xmath100^{1/2}$ ] . \n ...
[ { "content": "the presence of dust seems to be a ubiquitous property of galaxies throughout the observable universe . \n even the most distant quasars at @xmath10 show evidence for copious amounts of dust ( e.g. * ? ? ? \n * ; * ? ? ? \n * ; * ? ? ? \n * ; * ? ? ? \n this indicates rapid metal enrichment of the...
[ { "content": "the phase of a wave function plays an interesting role in quantum mechanics . \n it plays a special and basic role in the quantum behaviour of a system . on the one hand , the introduction of an extra phase for a whole quantum state does not change the expectation value of an observable quantity ....
[ { "content": "experimental evidence for various types of symmetry breaking in the pseudogap region of the phase diagram of the high-@xmath0 cuprate superconductors has been accumulating in recent years . \n neutron scattering experiments discovered a subtle staggered magnetic order in the pseudo - gap region of...
[ { "content": "the basic model of a pulsar had long been recognized as a perfect conductor ( neutron star ) rotating with an angular velocity @xmath1 in a hiper magnetic field @xmath2 @xcite . \n considering the rotational axis and the magnetic axis both aligned in the same sense , charged particles in the neutr...
[ { "content": "the preceding paper @xcite discovered , among other findings , the independence of the sign of the polarization @xmath6 on the boundary conditions ( bcs ) for the one - dimensional ( 1d ) quantum well ( qw ) of the width @xmath7 placed into the uniform electric field @xmath0 that is directed perpe...
[ { "content": "i thank brian smith for discussions . \n this research was supported in part by the natural sciences and engineering research council of canada . \n 99 a. n. kolmogorov , dokl . \n nauk sssr 30 , 9 ( 1941 ) . \n u. frisch , `` turbulence : the legacy of a.n . \n kolmogorov '' , cambridge universit...
[ { "content": "in the last decade , mainly due to the observations by _ beppo_sax and related optical earth based follow up , \n the physics of grbs and their afterglow started to be understood . \n however , the intrinsic duration of the observational process , mainly due to the use of device non \n optimized ...
[ { "content": "the tradition of using diagrammatic representations of formal structure in logical reasoning stretches back to times when sand or papyrus were the media for visualizations . \n the tradition of using interactive software tools in logical reasoning is a recent refinement of an ancient interest . \n...
[ { "content": "the promising optoelectronic properties of spontaneously formed gan nanowires ( nws ) reported in the pioneering works of @xcite and @xcite have triggered world - wide research activities that have led to the demonstration of light - emitting @xcite and light - harvesting devices @xcite based on g...
[ { "content": "the ultra - relativistic outflows that power gamma - ray bursts ( grbs ) are thought to be collimated into narrow jets ( for reviews see * ? ? ? \n * ; * ? ? ? \n * ; * ? ? ? \n the evidence for this is rather indirect , however , since their images are usually unresolved , and in the best case ( ...
[ { "content": "in the context of inflationary cosmology , initial seeds of today s structures are generated in the de - sitter phase of an inflationary universe , as a consequence of quantum vacuum fluctuations ( see e.g. @xcite for a comprehensive overview of the theory of cosmological fluctuations and @xcite f...
[ { "content": "polymers combining chemically different monomeric units on their structure found very much theoretical and experimental interest , as , for instance , diblock copolymers , where in the case of a linear chain one block of the chain consists of one type of monomers , while the other part of another ...
[ { "content": "in the seminal paper @xcite , roger davies and collaborators showed that early - type galaxies ( etgs ) have divers kinematics , ranging from fainter and rotational supported to brighter and dispersion dominated systems . \n this picture is effectively still with us ( e.g. * ? ? ? \n * ; * ? ? ? \...
[ { "content": "one key requirement for a starburst is the presence of a reservoir of dense , cold gas that can be efficiently converted to stars . for galaxies entering rich clusters \n this is especially important , because they are expected to be affected by mechanisms that can remove cold gas from the haloes ...
[ { "content": "trojans of jupiter , which reside in the neighbourhood of @xmath2 and @xmath3 lagrangian points , serve as an important test of the planetary migration theory ( morbidelli et al . \n their inclination distribution , namely the large spread of @xmath4 , can be explained as a result of chaotic capt...
[ { "content": "for many years people were puzzling over the question if quantum mechanics as the underlying theory to describe non - classical phenomena is complete . \n after the einstein , podolsky , and rosen ( epr ) paradox@xcite , published in 1935 , it was john steward bell who presented in 1964 a seminal ...
[ { "content": "in a scenario dubbed `` chain inflation '' @xcite it was suggested that the dynamics of inflation may be dominated by a series ( chain ) of phase transitions , each induced by the quantum nucleation of bubbles ( tunneling events ) . \n provided that each phase transition occurs much less than one ...
[ { "content": "we consider a region , @xmath0 , in @xmath1 with a smooth boundary @xmath2 . \n we assume that there is a riemannian metric , @xmath3 , on @xmath0 that is conformal to the euclidean metric with conformal factor @xmath6 where @xmath7 is strictly positive . \n this means that @xmath8 , where @xmath9...
[ { "content": "quantum computer offers great advantages over the classical computer@xcite , such as tremendous speedup , efficiently searching for unordered database , and factorizing large numbers . \n quantum gates are the fundamental elements for the quantum computer . \n quantum computation , quantum network...
[ { "content": "na@xmath6coo@xmath1 was originally studied as a kind of rechargeable battery material@xcite and thermoelectric material@xcite . \n more recently , the discovery of the superconductivity in its hydrated x=0.35 compound@xcite , where the effect of hydration is found to be limited to lattice expansio...
[ { "content": "the first stars in the universe almost certainly originated under conditions rather different from those characterizing present - day star formation . because elements heavier than lithium are thought to be produced exclusively through stellar nucleosynthesis , the primordial gas must have been ch...
[ { "content": "the standard \" inflationary model is based on a flat ( @xmath0 ) friedmann - robertson - walker ( frw ) geometry , motivated by the fact that inflationary expansion rapidly wipes out any original spatial curvature . \n however , even though inflation drives the curvature term , @xmath1 towards z...
[ { "content": "information theoretic security has received a significant attention recently . \n one mainstream direction has been on the wireless transmission of confidential messages from a source to a destination , in the presence of internal and/or external eavesdroppers . toward achieving that goal \n , the...
[ { "content": "in statistical physics one basically considers a large set of reversible and conservative ordinary differential equations for the description of particle dynamics . \n the temporal evolution for this cumbersome problem , even for a modest number of particles , requires a statistical description wh...
[ { "content": "holographic models of nonperturbative physical systems have been more successful quantitatively than should have been expected . \n the most developed applications of holographic model building are to quantum chromodynamics ( qcd ) @xcite , electroweak symmetry breaking @xcite and condensed matter...
[ { "content": "the interaction of driven particles , flexible lines and membranes etc . with disorder is an important topic in condensed matter physics @xcite . \n usually , this disorder is taken to be _ quenched _ , or frozen , such that its properties do not change within the relevant time scales . however , ...
[ { "content": "the general problem that this article is about is the following : consider a nonlinear equation system and an outer iteration method to solve it that consists of solving a subproblem at each step using a second , inner iteration method . \n now we want to answer the following question : how can we...
[ { "content": "most research on fault tolerant control sits within the context of large manned aircraft . with regards to unmanned aerial vehicles ( uavs ) \n , the majority of the literature describes the application of fault tolerant control ( ftc ) to rotorcraft rather than fixed wing aircraft . in this paper...
[ { "content": "low mass stars in star - forming regions produce strong x - ray emission from coronal magnetic activity , as evidenced by high temperature ( @xmath310 mk ) emission from flares and active regions ( feigelson & montmerle 1999 ; gagn et al . \n 2004 ; preibisch et al . \n the role of accretion in t...
[ { "content": "recent results from reverberation - mapping of the broad emission - line regions ( blr ) in agn indicate that the blr distance from the central radiation source roughly scales as @xmath1 ( peterson 1995 ) . \n recently we have elaborated a different method for estimating the blr distance , using t...