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[ { "content": "in a note to the second edition of his book on statistical thermodynamics @xcite , schrdinger suggests that thermodynamical functions can not be based on the gratuitous allegation that quantum - mechanical levels ( typically the orthogonal eigenstates of the hamiltonian operator ) are the only all...
[ { "content": "thanks to the super - kamiokande @xcite and sno @xcite experiments , both solar and atmospheric neutrino oscillations are convincingly established . \n it turns out that neutrinos _ \n do _ have masses and lepton flavors are really mixed , just as expected in some grand unified theories . \n two n...
[ { "content": "i thank a. b. balantekin , v. barger , d. marfatia and s. pakvasa for collaboration and a. b. mcdonald for useful conversations . \n this work was supported in part by the nsf grant no . \n phy-0244384 and the wisconsin alumni research foundation . 0 s. n. ahmed _ et al . \n _ [ sno co...
[ { "content": "curved spacetimes for which the ricci scalar @xmath0 is identically zero have been known in general relativity ( gr ) since the discovery of the schwarzschild solution . while , in gr , the schwarzschild is a vacuum spacetime for which both @xmath0 and @xmath1 are zero , the reissner - nordstrom g...
[ { "content": "the structure of the density and velocity fields in the interstellar medium ( ism ) has been studied using a variety of tracers , from spectral lines in emission and absorption to pulsar scintillation and faraday rotation . \n a particularly convenient tracer is the 21-cm line of hi because it is ...
[ { "content": "the baryon asymmetry of the universe ( bau ) is one of the intriguing puzzles in our understanding of the universe . in order to generate the bau , \n three conditions , which have been pointed out by sakharov @xcite , need to be satisfied in the early universe : baryon number ( @xmath3 ) violati...
[ { "content": "strongly correlated electron systems exhibit the highest attained superconducting transition temperatures currently known , and a rich variety of complex electronic phases@xcite . \n many compounds among this family of mott insulators , such as the cuprates , are quasi - two - dimensional layered ...
[ { "content": "consider a mc with mass @xmath5 at a distance @xmath6 , located in a region in the galaxy where the cr ( protons ) intensity is @xmath7 . for illustrative purpose , we set here @xmath8 . \n we further assume that the high energy crs ( the ones with energy above the threshold for @xmath9-production...
[ { "content": "the meticulous analysis of the cmb ( cosmic microwave background ) temperature power spectrum done by the planck mission team has casted both light and shadow on the status of the @xmath0cdm ( cosmological constant @xmath0 + cold dark matter ) cosmology . while at high multipoles ( @xmath1 the @xm...
[ { "content": "the search for supersymmetry ( susy ) @xcite plays an important rle in the experimental program at the colliders lep2 and tevatron \n . it will be even more important at future colliders , e.g. an upgraded tevatron , lhc , an @xmath6 linear collider or a @xmath7 collider . therefore many phenomeno...
[ { "content": "there are many physical systems where the @xmath0 mkdv equation @xcite appears , e.g. phonons in anharmonic lattices @xcite , ion acoustic solitons @xcite and van alfvn waves in collisionless plasma @xcite , schottky barrier transmission lines @xcite as well as in the models of traffic congestion ...
[ { "content": "cryptography is one of the most promising applications of quantum science @xcite . with the recent demonstrations of high - dimensional two - photon entanglement using time bins \n @xcite and oam @xcite , large - alphabet entanglement - based quantum key distribution ( qkd ) systems become close...
[ { "content": "the laser interferometer gravitational wave observatory ( ligo ) is a network of interferometric detectors aiming to make direct observations of gravitational waves . \n construction of the ligo detectors is essentially complete , and much progress has been made in commissioning them to ( a ) brin...
[ { "content": "pairing of electrons by exchange of spin fluctuations is a popular paradigm proposed for unconventional superconductivity including fe - based superconductors , cuprates , and heavy fermion systems . \n since many of these systems exhibit an ordered magnetic phase coexisting with , or in close pro...
[ { "content": "as we know the defect structures exist in different branches of physics , such as domain wall , kinks , vertices , monopoles , condensed matter and string theory . in higher space - times dimensions \n the defect structures are generated by real scalar fields such that the single real scalar field...
[ { "content": "as finite sized rigid particles are brought together by increasing their density or by compression , they undergo sharp transitions into globally rigid structures , a phenomenon known as jamming @xcite . \n such systems do not in general form periodic spatial patterns associated with crystalline s...
[ { "content": "as known , a charged particle emits electromagnetic radiation at its acceleration independently on the origin of this acceleration @xcite . \n this phenomenon well studied both theoretically and experimentally , moreover , for more then 50 years it has been used within various branches of the scie...
[ { "content": "the study of the extended emission in the narrow - line region ( nlr ) around nearby active galactic nuclei ( agn ) allows the investigation of both the agn feeding via gas inflows ( e.g. * ? ? ? \n * ; * ? ? ? \n * ; * ? ? ? \n * ; * ? ? ? \n * ; * ? ? ? \n * ) and feedback via the interaction ...
[ { "content": "understanding coherent atom - light interactions in multi - level atomic media continues to be the focus of much attention , with an increasing variety of applications . \n phenomena such as electromagnetically induced transparency ( eit ) @xcite , coherent population trapping ( cpt ) @xcite , a...
[ { "content": "since its proposal , the random boolean network model [ 1 ] has successfully described in a qualitative way several important aspects of gene regulation and cell differentiation processes ( for references see [ 2 ] ) . \n the model is constructed by assigning to each of the genes its regulatory in...
[ { "content": "the fu orionis systems are a small but remarkable class of variable young stellar objects ( ysos ) which undergo outbursts in optical light of 5 magnitudes or more @xcite , with a f - g supergiant optical spectra and k - m supergiant near - infrared ( near - ir ) spectra dominated by deep co overt...
[ { "content": "parametric down conversion is a process that is used to produce light possessing strong quantum features . \n photon pairs generated by this process show entanglement with respect to different physical attributes such as time of arrival @xcite and states of polarization @xcite . \n they are increa...
[ { "content": "slotted aloha and its many variants are popular random access mechanisms used in various networks , e.g. , cellular or satellite networks . \n the current rise of machine - to - machine ( m2 m ) communications , with substantially increased number of terminals and different traffic patterns with r...
[ { "content": "frustration in the antiferromagnetic ( afm ) ordering of fcc and spinel lattices was recognized long ago by anderson in his analysis of the highly degenerate magnetic ground state of these structures.@xcite this so - called @xmath26 frustration can prevent the system from undergoing spin - glass (...
[ { "content": "the fast winds from massive stars and their subsequent supernovae ( sne ) ejecta dominate the mass and energy input to the interstellar medium ( ism ; e.g. , abbott 1982 ) and so may regulate star formation and galaxy evolution . \n most massive stars form in ob associations , and the concentrated...
[ { "content": "the first generation of large - scale laser - interferometric gravitational wave detectors @xcite is now in operation and collects data of impressive sensitivity and bandwidth . \n the optical configurations of these kilometer long gravitational wave observatories are based on a michelson interfer...
[ { "content": "it is well known that for bodies separated by @xmath2 the radiative heat transfer between them is described by the stefan- bolzman law : @xmath3 where @xmath4 and @xmath5 are the temperatures of solid @xmath6 and @xmath7 , respectively . in this limiting case the heat transfer is connected with tr...
[ { "content": "the van emde boas data structure ( veb ) @xcite represents an ordered multiset of integers . \n the data structure supports query operations for the current minimum and maximum element , the predecessor and successor of a given element , and the element closest to a given number , as well as th...
[ { "content": "thermodynamic phase transitions are examples of emergent phenomena in many degrees of freedom systems , described in the framework of statistical mechanics . \n the standard statistical ensembles measures relate macroscopic ( thermodynamic ) observables with microscopic degrees of freedom . \n the...
[ { "content": "heavy flavor is one of the important probes for the hot dense nuclear matter created in relativistic heavy - ion collisions @xcite . unlike the light flavors , heavy flavor was expected to be much less thermalized in the matter due to the relatively smaller cross section . \n however , it was foun...
[ { "content": "sco x-2 is one of the persistently bright neutron star low - mass x - ray binaries known as z sources . \n z sources are so - named because , over time , they trace out a ` z ' shaped track in an x - ray colour - colour ( cd ) and hardness - intensity ( hid ) diagram . the top of the ` z ' is cal...
[ { "content": "manganese pnictides of the hexagonal nias structure type ( _ e.g. _ mnas , mn@xmath1sb , mnbi ; figure [ fig : structure ] ) display a wealth of functional magnetic properties . \n the class of materials includes potential candidates for rare earth - free permanent magnets,@xcite magneto - optica...
[ { "content": "resummation is often required in a perturbation theory to avoid infrared ( ir ) divergences to appear at finite energy scales . \n examples are 1pi diagram resummation ( schwinger - dyson equation ) to cure the on - shell singularity of the propagator , or daisy resummation @xcite to resum ir dive...
[ { "content": "two decades ago , @xcite detected an infrared excess around the da white dwarf g2938 as part of their search for cool companions to white dwarfs . @xcite and @xcite convincingly ruled out the presence of a low - mass stellar companion , and @xcite suggested that the observed infrared excess is cau...
[ { "content": "our experience suggests that the symmetry in the time is disrupted and the future and the past play different roles . \n the world surrounding us has obvious irreversible nature . \n however , poincare showed that @xcite the description of the irreversibility is impossible on the basis of the cla...
[ { "content": "neutrinos have long been a rich hunting ground for physics beyond the standard model ( bsm ) . \n in fact , neutrino mass is so far the only bsm physics that has been established in laboratory experiments . \n astrophysical evidence of dark matter suggests the existence of bsm particles , which ha...
[ { "content": "two - neutron correlations in neutron - rich nuclei is presently one of the fore - front subjects in the physics of unstable nuclei . in two - neutron halo nuclei @xcite such as @xmath1li , the dineutron correlation \n was theoretically predicted in many studies @xcite and is supported by experime...
[ { "content": "by an _ octant _ , in this paper we mean an open subset of @xmath1 of the form @xmath4 and the point @xmath5 is called the _ apex _ of the octant . in @xcite \n we have shown that every @xmath6-fold covering of a set in @xmath1 by a finite number of octants decomposes into two coverings , i.e. , i...
[ { "content": "ultra - compact binaries refer to double stars with orbital periods typically less than about one hour . \n they come in two general flavours : detached systems and interacting binaries in which mass is transferred from one star to the other . \n the limit of about one hour is derived from a very ...
[ { "content": "cylindrical semiconductor nanostructures bridge between quasi-1d systems at small diameters and quasi-2d in the opposite limit , thus extending the wealth of physics and applications of low - dimensional solid - state systems . \n the controlled growth of semiconductor quantum tubes ( qts ) with d...
[ { "content": "magnetic fields are thought to play a significant role in all stages of star formation ( e.g. , recent reviews by mouschovias & ciolek 1999 ; shu et al . \n 1999 ) . however , the magnetic field is the most poorly measured quantity in the star formation process . \n observations of the linear pola...
[ { "content": "10 bauer e , hilscher g , michor h , paul ch , scheidt e w , gribanov a , seropegin yu , nol h , sigrist m and rogl p 2004 heavy fermion superconductivity and magnetic order in noncentrosymmetric cept@xmath0si _ phys . \n lett . _ * 92 * 027003 bauer e , kaldarar h , prokofiev a , royanian e...
[ { "content": "* mcelroy * : hello , david . \n we are thankful to have the opportunity to discuss your life and career . \n could you describe for us the early influences that led you to pursue a career in mathematics ? * findley * : in high school i found algebra and geometry enjoyable and interesting . \n...
[ { "content": "hl tau is a very young solar - type star surrounded by a dusty circumstellar disk and a remnant envelope . \n the object is located at a distance of @xmath3140 pc ( loinard et al . 2007 ) , within the taurus star - forming region . showing all ingredients of a young system in the earliest stages...
[ { "content": "the formation and the properties of random structures have been an exciting topic in statistical physics for many years . in the case \n that the formation of such structures obeys local rules , these processes can often be expressed in the language of epidemic spreading . \n it is well - known th...
[ { "content": "planetary atmospheres and oceans are strongly turbulent media . however , highly ordered coherent structures arise in a process of self - organization , and dominate the dynamics on slow temporal and large spatial scales . + the spontaneous appearance of coherent structures is a characteristic of ...
[ { "content": "the analysis to determine the @xmath7nn coupling constant should be clear and easily reproducible . \n one should do a detailed study for the statistical and systematic errors . \n the precise determination is an absolute statement , it could be erroneous and it should be improvable . in this pers...
[ { "content": "with the advent of charm and b - factories , a large amount of data for charmed - meson decays have been accumulated in the last decades . among a number of physical interests , one appealing aspect of studying these charmed - meson decays \n is that we can gain information about interactions betw...
[ { "content": "albertson and collins @xcite introduced the distinguishing number @xmath0 of a graph @xmath1 as the least cardinal @xmath2 such that @xmath1 has a labeling with @xmath2 labels which is only preserved by the trivial automorphism . \n this seminal concept spawned many papers on finite and infinite g...
[ { "content": "consider the simplest of hypergeometric integrals , @xmath6 it satisfies the differential equation @xmath7 the difference equation @xmath8 and a similar difference equation with respect to @xmath9 . \n the equations ( [ simplekz ] ) and ( [ simpledyn ] ) are clearly compatible . \n more general hy...
[ { "content": "this material is based in part upon work supported by the national science foundation under grant numbers phy-1067973 , phy-1011156 , and the air force office of scientific research grant number fa9550 - 08 - 1 - 0069 . \n thanks the alexander von humboldt foundation and the heidelberg center for ...
[ { "content": "although the two - dimensional ising model was solved exactly by onsager in 1944 and much work has been done in this field over the last decades , some questions still remain open . \n one is the dynamical critical behaviour . \n when we take a lattice with initially all spins up , right at the cu...
[ { "content": "in heavy - ion collisions with bombarding energies per nucleon in the order of nucleon binding energy , the mean - field approach , in terms of time - dependent hartree - fock equations ( tdhf ) , provides a good approximation for describing the average behavior of the collision dynamics @xcite . ...
[ { "content": "paradigm changes in physics are often accompanied by a transformation of language and a hardening of distinctions . \n thus the emphasis on acceleration as the second time derivative of displacement _ in teaching newtonian dynamics _ has hardened @xcite , even as the concept of relativistic mass a...
[ { "content": "it has been 20 years since the discovery of the nonthermal radio filaments ( nrfs ) associated with the galactic center arc was first reported ( yusef - zadeh , morris , & chance 1984 ) . \n these observations showed evidence of linear , magnetized features running perpendicular to the galactic pl...
[ { "content": "in spite of intensive research over the past decade the nature of the metallic state in low - dimensional strongly correlated materials is still poorly understood . \n widely studied materials include cuprate and organic superconductors@xcite . \n many of the properties of the cuprates can not be ...
[ { "content": "all our description of objects is represented by propositions . \n the use of propositions is not a matter of our choice . \n in contrast , it is a necessity which is behind each of our attempts to learn something new about nature and to communicate this knowledge with others . it is a necessity w...
[ { "content": "microlensing is an important method in detecting extrasolar planets . \n it is sensitive to planets around the einstein radius @xcite @xmath0 where @xmath1 is the lens mass , @xmath2 is the lens - source relative parallax , and @xmath3 and @xmath4 are the distances to the lens and source , respect...
[ { "content": "the quest for a quantum theory of gravity is now several decades old and has been studied with approaches ranging from string theory and non - commutative geometry to loop quantum gravity , spin foams , and discrete models of planck - scale spacetime . \n most of these take different interpretatio...
[ { "content": "after more than a century of intensive study of eclipsing binaries ( hereafter ebs ) , they still represent the best method for deriving the masses , radii , and luminosities of stars . thanks to modern ( ground- and space- based ) telescopes , we are able to also study these objects in other gala...
[ { "content": "-5 mm recall that for a suitably regular function @xmath0 on the unit disc @xmath1 we can apply integration by parts / stoke s formula twice to obtain for @xmath2 , @xmath3 where @xmath4 so actually we re integrating @xmath5 . in the presence of singularities things \n continue to work . for ex...
[ { "content": "bose - einstein condensates ( bec ) in optical lattices ( ol ) have recently attracted a great deal of attention due to the possibility of investigating , both at the theoretical and at the experimental level , interesting physical phenomena such as bloch oscillations , landau zener tunneling , mo...
[ { "content": "many devices exhibit negative differential conductance ( @xmath3 ) as multiple quantum wells , double barrier , double quantum dots , etc ndc1,ndc2,ndc3,ndc4,dqd1,dqds . \n the @xmath3 has applications as amplifiers and oscillators in the microwave , mm - wave and terahertz frequency range . \n ex...
[ { "content": "nasa s _ kepler _ mission has revolutionized our understanding of planetary systems , their occurrence rate , multiplicity and physical properties . \n one trend apparent among this new class of small planets was a - priori quite unexpected from traditional theories ; there is a statistically sig...
[ { "content": "in recent years , specially in view of an increasing interest in high @xmath0 operation scenarios , such as hybrid scenarios for iter @xcite , the impact of electromagnetic effects on the particle and heat transport has attracted much attention . \n here @xmath1 , where @xmath2 and @xmath3 are the...
[ { "content": "we express our gratitude to our colleagues in the cern accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the lhc . \n we thank the technical and administrative staff at the lhcb institutes . \n we acknowledge support from cern and from the national agencies : capes , cnpq , faperj and finep...
[ { "content": "the problem of quickest detection has been known in the engineering literature since the 1930s . since then \n there have been various analytical considerations of the quickest detection problem in a variety of models and setups ( see @xcite for an overview ) . \n the quickest detection problem , ...
[ { "content": "to fulfill the requirement of high - precision quantum gates , teleportation , or state transfer , the aim of quantum state engineering ( qse ) @xcite is to manipulate the system and attain a target state , typically a pure state , at a designed time @xmath0 ; or more ambitiously , to drive the e...
[ { "content": "axions are likely to be the dark matter ( dm ) that cosmological data require . \n axions arise from the solution of the strong @xmath1 problem proposed by peccei & quinn in 1977 ( @xcite , pq hereafter ) , who suggested that @xmath2 parameter , in the effective lagrangian term @xmath3 ( @xmath4 :...
[ { "content": "recent study of small-@xmath2 physics is realized at rhic by measurements of high-@xmath3 particles in @xmath4 collisions at forward rapidities @xmath5 @xcite . \n if a particle with mass @xmath6 and transverse momentum @xmath3 is produced in a hard reaction then the corresponding values of bjorke...
[ { "content": "while cavity - qed systems often contain many interacting degrees of freedom , they are unconventional from the standpoint of traditional many - body physics for two primary reasons \n . first , the mediation of interactions through a small number of delocalized cavity modes generally leads to ext...
[ { "content": "the investigation of weak decays of mesons composed of a heavy quark and antiquark gives a very important insight in the heavy quark dynamics . \n the properties of the @xmath0 meson are of special interest , since it is the only heavy meson consisting of two heavy quarks with different flavor . \...
[ { "content": "in this paper , we study asymptotic models for the propagation of internal waves in a two - fluid system , which consists in two layers of immiscible , homogeneous , ideal , incompressible and irrotational fluids under the only influence of gravity . \n we assume that there is no topography ( the ...
[ { "content": "is it worthwhile to reinvent classical electrodynamics after it has been with us for more than a century ? and after its quantized version , quantum electrodynamics ( unified with the weak interaction ) had turned out to be one of the most accurately tested successful theories ? \n we believe that...
[ { "content": "as shown in fig . [ fig : fig1](b ) , 808 nm laser light from a 140fs pulsed titanium : sapphire laser was attenuated via a half wave plate ( hwp ) and polarising beam splitter ( pbs ) , before being frequency doubled via a type - i barium borate ( bbo ) nonlinear crystal . \n the subsequent 404 ...
[ { "content": "the spin - orbit ( so ) interaction in mesoscopic and nano - scale semiconductor structures has been at the center stage of research in condensed matter theory and device engineering in recent times . \n the principal reason is its potential application in spintronics , where the possibility of ma...
[ { "content": "layered superconductors , such as high-@xmath5 cuprates ( htsc ) or organic bedt systems , have been a subject of extensive research effort for decades . \n these systems show rich novel phenomena , including superconducting fluctuations , pancake vortex , complicated vortex phase diagrams , and i...
[ { "content": "we start with the scattering of two color dipoles ( concretely , e.g. two quark - antiquark pairs ) of respective transverse sizes @xmath2 and @xmath3 with the ordering @xmath4 . at low energy , \n the forward elastic scattering amplitude of the dipoles consists in the exchange of a pair of glu...
[ { "content": "explaining the origin of short - period ( sp ) comets ( periods @xmath7 yr ) is a long - standing problem . \n the main difficulty lies in the differences and apparent inconsistency between the respective numbers and orbital distributions of jupiter - family ( jf ) and halley - type ( ht ) comets ...
[ { "content": "dans tout cet article , @xmath0 est un \n nombre premier , @xmath2 est un corps parfait de caractristique @xmath0 , et @xmath3 est une extension finie du corps des fractions @xmath4 de lanneau des vecteurs de witt sur @xmath2 . on se fixe une \n clture algbrique @xmath5 de @xmath3 , et on pose @xm...
[ { "content": "let @xmath3 be an abelian surface over the complex numbers , and @xmath4 the sign involution . \n the quotient surface @xmath5 is a normal surface with 16 rational double points of type @xmath2 , whose minimal resolution @xmath6 is a k3 surface . \n one also says that @xmath6 is a kummer k3 surfac...
[ { "content": "source 79 in the radio catalog of kesteven ( 1968 ) lies directly in the galactic plane , @xmath3 ne of the galactic center . \n it is a moderately large supernova remnant ( snr ) and is sometimes called g33.6 + 0.1 . radio observations ( velusamy , becker & seward 1991 ) \n show an outer shell , ...
[ { "content": "it has been considered that the origin of heavy neutron - rich elements like uranium is mainly due to the @xmath0-process nucleosynthesis that occurs during the supernova explosions and/or neutron star mergers @xcite . \n the main issue concerning the @xmath0-process research is to reproduce the t...
[ { "content": "the theory that the star formation process in a molecular cloud is controlled by the magnetic field and ambipolar diffusion has been studied for many years ( e.g. , * ? ? ? \n * ; * ? ? ? \n in the theory , the mass - to - flux ratio , which corresponds to the relative strength of gravity and the ...
[ { "content": "the technique for identification of volatile organic compounds by differences of ion mobility is one of the most efficient techniques applied for detection of explosives , drugs and industrial toxic compounds @xcite . \n the detection limit of this technique is found to be of the order of @xmath0...
[ { "content": "one of the most important goals of _ ab initio _ computational electronic - structure theory is the development of accurate methods for describing interatomic bonding . quantum monte carlo ( qmc ) techniques are useful in this regard as they can provide a highly accurate description of electron co...
[ { "content": "the theory of cosmological perturbations @xcite relies essentially on two assumptions , namely that the background is described by pure classical general relativity ( gr ) , while the perturbations thereof stem from quantum fluctuations , although they are subsequently evolved classically . quite...
[ { "content": "negative thermal expansion ( nte ) is a rare and counter - intuitive phenomenon found primarily in low density materials with crystal structures that are networks of linked coordination polyhedra . \n the study of these materials is not only of fundamental scientific importance , but also has many...
[ { "content": "understanding the string - black hole transition is an important problem in string theory . \n the radius of a schwarzschild blackhole becomes smaller with rising temperature and at a certain temperature the blackhole transits to a gas of strings @xcite . \n this is a difficult problem to address ...
[ { "content": "our model consists of two ni - ligand clusters , roughly equivalent to two nio@xmath4 octahedra , each containing a ni @xmath0 shell , a ni @xmath1 shell , and a ligand shell . \n the ligand shell orbitals are defined as linear combinations of the actual oxygen @xmath0 like wannier - orbitals havi...
[ { "content": "we present a web - based facility for the comparison of measurements of hadronic final states and the expectations of physics calculations and simulations . \n the physics motivation is discussed . \n then follows an outline of the design and technology used in the jetweb server . \n section 4 co...
[ { "content": "the dynamics of conservative systems consists of different types of motion , from regular over quasi - regular to chaotic , depending on the perturbation parameter . \n usually , in @xmath4 dimensional conservative systems regular islands ( kolmogorov - arnold - moser kam tori ) can break as the p...
[ { "content": "we recently obtained a new hamiltonian for a lattice which includes interactions with internal nuclear degrees of freedom @xcite . \n we started with a dirac model for electrons and for nucleons on equal footing , then allowed the nuclei to be described by a finite basis expansion , and finally de...
[ { "content": "diffuse radio emission without an apparent host galaxy is found in an increasing number of clusters of galaxies ( e.g. * ? ? ? \n * ; * ? ? ? \n * ; * ? ? ? \n * ; * ? ? ? \n these objects can roughly be divided into radio halos close to the cluster centre which appear comparatively smooth in radi...
[ { "content": "given a general elliptic fibration @xmath1 , we learn by computing @xmath2 that there must be 24 nodal fibers . for more general irreducible curve classes on a k3 , yau and \n zaslow @xcite argued that taking the euler characteristic of the relative compactified jacobian would again yield the numb...
[ { "content": "the extreme cases of star formation ( sf ) in the universe are exhibited by classes of galaxies such as luminous infrared galaxies ( lirgs ; defined as galaxies with ir luminosities of @xmath2 ) and ultra - luminous ir galaxies ( ulirgs ; @xmath3 ) and as a result , it is impossible to discuss the...
[ { "content": "image segmentation is the basic approach in image processing and computer vision @xcite . it is used to locate special regions and then extract information from them . \n image segmentation is used to partition an image into different components or objects and is an essential procedure for image p...
[ { "content": "on july 4th 2012 the atlas @xcite and cms @xcite collaborations announced the discovery of a scalar particle at cern s large hadron collider ( lhc ) . \n this new particle with a mass of about @xmath8 gev was later identified as the higgs boson , responsible for the generation of all particle ma...
[ { "content": "the great obstacle to the practical tasks of quantum information processing is the destruction of quantum correlations arising from the inevitable interactions of the systems of interest with their environments @xcite . \n the fundamental quantum correlations are contained in nonclassical states ....
[ { "content": "low - mass helium - core white dwarf stars ( he wds ) are thought to be the result of the evolution of certain close binary systems . \n mass - transfer episodes in binary systems are required to form low mass he wds because an isolated star would need a timescale much longer than the present age ...