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[ { "content": "@xmath2 decay is a magnetic dipole radiative transition with photon energy @xmath8 about 114 mev , and a relatively large branching fraction of about 2% . \n this is a transition between 1@xmath9 states of charmonium and its rate can be easily calculated in potential models . \n the transition doe...
[ { "content": "based on infinite product expansions and inequalities on series and the riemann s zeta function , daurizio ( @xcite ) proved the following inequality : @xmath0 where @xmath1 . using an elementary approach , \n sndor ( @xcite ) offered an alternative proof of by employing trigonometric inequalities...
[ { "content": "an extreme geomagnetic storm on 20 november 2003 was caused by the interaction of the earth s magnetosphere with an interplanetary magnetic cloud ( mc ) , whose magnetic helicity , @xmath0 , was positive . the very strong magnetic field in the mc of up to @xmath1 nt had a long - lasting negative ...
[ { "content": "let @xmath2 be a smooth oriented spin 4-manifold with the rational homology of @xmath6 . \n such manifolds play an important role in the study of homology cobordisms of homology 3-spheres and in addressing certain classification problems in 4-dimensional topology ; see discussion in @xcite . \n th...
[ { "content": "cataclysmic variables ( cvs ) are semi - detached binaries with a white dwarf ( wd ) primary and a low - mass companion which transfers mass to a wd through roche - lobe overflow . \n the observed orbital period distribution of cvs has three important features : a sharp short period cut - off at t...
[ { "content": "laser ranging to earth artificial satellites ( slr ) was initiated in 1964 after launch of the first geodetic / geodynamical satellite beacon - b . since that time satellite laser ranging ( slr ) technique have being widely used for geodynamical and geophysical researches . \n the primary field...
[ { "content": "understanding charge transport in graphene nanoribbons ( gnrs ) has attracted significant interest in recent years @xcite , in particular due to their potential application as integrated circuits @xcite and field - effect transistors @xcite , as bio - sensing devices @xcite , and for dna sequencin...
[ { "content": "the exclusive electroproduction of mesons on the nucleon is an important tool to better understand the nucleon structure and , more generally , the transition between the low energy hadronic and high energy partonic domains of the quantum chromodynamics ( qcd ) theory . \n the cebaf ( `` continous...
[ { "content": "once the possibility of building a negative - index metamaterial ( nim ) was proven in the microwave regime @xcite , extraordinary effort has been made to obtain analogous behaviours for increasingly higher frequencies up to the visible range of the electromagnetic spectrum @xcite . \n the major o...
[ { "content": "high - mass star formation is poorly understood because theory has yet to resolve the balance of radiation pressure , gravity , magnetic energy , and thermal heating ( e.g. , mckee & tan 2002 ) . \n moreover , examples amenable to detailed study but young enough to have not yet formed hii regions ...
[ { "content": "when a flat thin sheet of material is subjected to increasing pressure , it eventually buckles , crumples , or cracks . by buckling , the sheet releases stress over wavelengths much larger than its thickness . during the past years \n there has been increasing interest in phenomena , such as crump...
[ { "content": "linear optics is a useful tool for constructing quantum circuits by utilizing optical interference @xcite . \n a number of quantum gates @xcite were demonstrated with linear optics . however , the operation of these gates has been non - deterministic , because deterministic operation requires nonl...
[ { "content": "the milky way is a typical bright spiral galaxy . \n its disk of stars and gas is surrounded by an extended halo of old stars , globular star clusters and a few dark matter dominated old satellite galaxies . for the past 30 years \n two competing scenarios for the origin of galaxies and their stel...
[ { "content": "the extragalactic background light ( ebl ) is the surface brightness of the night sky from all extragalactic sources , integrated out to the first epoch of star formation . \n the ultimate goal of studying the ebl is to complete the resolution of olbers s paradox by measuring the spectrum of the e...
[ { "content": "the fiber bundle model , since its introduction @xcite , has been studied widely as a prototypical model of failure dynamics @xcite . this discrete element model , involving disorder and non - linear dynamics ( due to thresholds ) \n , also enables engineers to apply it to analyse the breaking pro...
[ { "content": "the search for high - redshift galaxies and the effort to map the star formation history of galaxies have progressed rapidly in the last several years as magnitude limited spectroscopic surveys pushed into the @xmath22 range ( cowie et al . \n 1996 ; cohen et al . 1996 ) , while color based sele...
[ { "content": "it is generally recognized that the sagittarius dwarf spheroidal galaxy @xcite is currently disrupting under the strain of the milky way tidal field . \n the stars ( and clusters , see * ? ? ? \n * ; * ? ? ? \n * ) lost by the sgr dsph remain coherently aligned along the orbital path of the galaxy...
[ { "content": "binary neutron stars are very interesting objects . from the observational point of view \n , we will have a chance to get new eyes for the universe by detecting gravitational waves in the first or second decade of this century . \n it is highly possible that the first signal may be that from comp...
[ { "content": "risk management is a main topic in the study of finance . in the present paper \n , we consider the problem of minimizing the downside risk associated with an investor s total wealth in a certain incomplete market model . \n more precisely , let @xmath2 be the price of a riskless asset with the dy...
[ { "content": "the study of interfaces is often used to investigate the stability of ordered coexisting phases . \n low temperature ordered phases are spatially homogeneous , however , interfaces can be induced by forcing heterogeneous boundary conditions @xcite . \n for example , in the case of phases character...
[ { "content": "in this paper we report _ ab initio _ calculations of equilibrium geometries , formation energies , and extrinsic gap levels of vacancies in @xmath0-quartz . \n we concentrate on oxygen vacancies , which are common defects in both silica ( amorphous sio@xmath1 ) and quartz , and alleged to be prec...
[ { "content": "many unusual features of the high temperature superconductors ( htsc ) are understood in terms of a momentum dependent order parameter @xmath1 . \n it follows from the success of these developments naturally , that investigating the properties of unconventional condensates in the density wave sect...
[ { "content": "in 1969 stuart kauffman started to study random boolean networks as simple models of genetic regulatory networks @xcite . \n random boolean networks that consists of a set of boolean _ gates _ that are capable of storing a single boolean value . at discrete time \n steps these gates store a new va...
[ { "content": "odd - frequency ( of ) superconductivity @xcite , which is characterized by pair potential or pair amplitude with odd functions in time and frequency , has been recognized as a candidate of intriguing quantum states of matter . \n while its realization has been theoretically proposed in a variety ...
[ { "content": "as is well known , the greisen - zatsepin - kuzmin ( gzk ) cutoff constrains detected uhecrs to have been produced in or near the galaxy . specifically , detected proton primaries with energies exceeding @xmath0 ev \n must have been produced within 50 mpc of earth , and nuclei propagation distance...
[ { "content": "let @xmath6 be hyperplanes in general position in complex projective space @xmath7 @xmath8 . \n being in general position simply means that any @xmath9 hyperplanes have empty intersection . by a theorem of dufresnoy ( \n viii ) , there exists a constant @xmath10 depending only on the hyperplanes a...
[ { "content": "to completely describe the lattice of subalgebras @xmath2 of a finite algebra @xmath0 is a difficult task . \n moreover , it is not obvious how to store the information about @xmath2 efficiently , as the cardinality and complexity of @xmath2 is typically much larger than that of @xmath0 . \n fortu...
[ { "content": "much of the underlying physics of a core collapse supernova remains unexplored , the mechanism leading to the explosion not well understood . though it is clear that neutrinos play a major role in the dynamics of the explosion , carrying away 99% of the energy emitted by the dying star . \n the ob...
[ { "content": "many exclusive @xmath0-decay amplitudes in the framework of scet contain @xmath0-meson distribution amplitudes @xcite . \n the amplitude of the decay @xmath1 at large photon energies is given , up to power corrections , by a convolution of a hard part ( perturbatively calculable ) and the @xmath0...
[ { "content": "massive stars have a profound affect on their natal environment . \n they have strong ionizing radiation fields which create hii regions , and their powerful winds sweep up surrounding material creating wind - blown shells and cavities . \n their supernovae ( sne ) chemically enrich the interstell...
[ { "content": "advances in algorithms and hardware have greatly increased the power and scope of monte carlo studies of critical phenomena . \n cluster algorithms , first introduced by swendsen and wang @xcite , largely overcome the problems of critical slowing and thereby permit the study of very large systems ...
[ { "content": "this paper was motivated by recent investigations @xcite , in which a real possibility of the experimental measurement of the thermal conductivity of graphene was established and its extremely large value was confirmed . \n the proposed and performed experiments were based there on the effect of t...
[ { "content": "this report is based on a talk , presented at dis2000 in liverpool , with the purpose to summarize shortly the legacy of hera during the first decade of its operation . \n the talk was given to an audience working in the field . \n for the benefit of the reader who is less familiar with the subjec...
[ { "content": "in global terms the financial correlations can be classified as correlations in space and correlations in time , though of course they are somewhat interrelated . \n the first category so far studied involves for instance the correlations among the companies comprised by a single stock market @xc...
[ { "content": "brightest cluster galaxies ( bcgs ) are luminous ellipticals found near the centres of galaxy clusters and groups . \n they are further subdivided into giant ellipticals ( ge ) , d galaxies which have shallower surface brightness profiles than ges , and finally cd galaxies which have extended low ...
[ { "content": "bridge number is a classical link invariant originally introduced by schubert as a tool to study companion tori . in @xcite \n , schubert proves the remarkable fact that given a composite knot @xmath0 with summands @xmath1 and @xmath2 , the following equality holds : @xmath3 , where @xmath4 denote...
[ { "content": "since the time when wheeler coined the name _ superheavy nuclei _ ( shn ) in 1955 @xcite , our knowledge of the very heavy nuclei \" has become more extensive and systematic . during the last 60 years \n the heaviest known nucleus limit has been extended from @xmath3md ( 1955 ) @xcite to @xmath4o...
[ { "content": "we start with a regular lattice ; on each site @xmath4 lives a random energy @xmath5 , drawn independently from site to site from a common distribution @xmath6 . \n we assume @xmath6 is continuous and normalized to unity , i.e. @xmath7 . for any choice of the set of @xmath5 s we obtain an energy l...
[ { "content": "low energy effective theories derived from the ns - ns sector of string theories contain the gravity , @xmath0 , the dilation , @xmath1 , and the antisymmetric tensor field , @xmath2 . \n the existence of the last degree of freedom leads to intriguing implications in string cosmology @xcite . in f...
[ { "content": "it is well known that the content of a relativistic field theory ( let us take qcd as an example ) may be expressed in terms of functional averages of operators of the type @xmath0 \\ \n > { \\cal o}[\\overline \\psi , \\psi , a ] \\ \n > e^{-s_{\\rm qcd}[\\overline \\psi , \\psi , a]}\\;\\;\\;....
[ { "content": "the striking feature of the lightcurves of known gamma - ray pulsars are relatively long duty cycles as well as phase shifts in comparison to the radio pulses ( thompson et al . 1999 , thompson 2001 , kanbach 2002 ) . \n the lightcurve shapes fall into three categories . \n the three brightest gam...
[ { "content": "the author is grateful to v.o . \n manturov for idea of @xmath0-polynomial for long virtual knots and fruitful consultations .", "role": "user" }, { "content": "we construct new invariant polynomial for long virtual knots . \n it is a generalization of alexander polynomial . we designa...
[ { "content": "the discovery by donati et al . \n ( 2002 ) of a magnetic field in the periodic variable @xmath0orionisc ( hd37022 ; o67 v : morgan & keenan 1973 ; o7 : stahl et al . \n 1996 ) solidified the expectation that it is a hot analog of the magnetic b - type variables , the so called he - anomalous bp s...
[ { "content": "the one - dimensional spin-1/2 @xmath0 model is a quantum integrable system and has been well studied in statistical physics . \n the hamiltonian is given by @xmath3 . \n \\label{eq : xxz_hamiltonian}\\end{aligned}\\ ] ] where @xmath4 with @xmath5 being pauli matrices . here \n @xmath6 is the anis...
[ { "content": "according to the standard theory of star formation , stars form out of dense cores embedded in molecular clouds ( e.g. , * ? ? ? \n * ; * ? ? ? \n the dense cores prior to the protostellar formation , or prestellar cores , are thought to be smooth with no condensations inside @xcite . \n the gravi...
[ { "content": "we are interested here in estimating the error term @xmath6 associated with the van der corput transform , @xmath7 where @xmath2 and @xmath1 are several times continuously differentiable functions with @xmath8 for @xmath9 $ ] and where @xmath10 is defined by @xmath11 . \n a starred sum indicates t...
[ { "content": "multiferroic materials , in which ferromagnetic , ferroelectric , and/or ferroelastic orderings coexist , have attracted significant research interest since many years @xcite due to their potential applications in data storage media , spintronics and ferroelectric random - access memories . \n the...
[ { "content": "in this paper , we study problems connected with the renormalized electron mass in a model of quantum electrodynamics ( qed ) with nonrelativistic matter . \n we are interested in rigorously controlling radiative corrections to the electron mass caused by the interaction of the electron with the _...
[ { "content": "the origin of the ultra - high energy cosmic rays ( uhecrs ) beyond 100 eev has still been an enigma in modern astrophysics . \n uhecrs are frequently accompanied by significant fluxes of energetic neutrinos generated in processes associated with hadronic interactions . \n although the source dire...
[ { "content": "nonadiabatic transition due to potential curve crossing is one of the most important mechanisms to effectively induce electronic transitions @xcite . \n this is a very interdisciplinary concept and appears in almost all fields of physics and chemistry , even in biology @xcite . \n the common examp...
[ { "content": "in the context of molecular simulations , hybrid quantum mechanics - molecular mechanics ( qm - mm ) schemes consider the system as a sum of two parts : solute ( qm fragment ) and solvent ( mm fragment ) @xcite . \n the particles are assigned to one of these two groups according to their role : at...
[ { "content": "as a potential candidate material for carbon - based electronics , graphene , a two - dimensional ( 2d ) honeycomb lattice of carbon atoms , has attracted much attention @xcite . \n it is found that both the type ( electrons or holes ) and the number of carriers can be tuned by changing the gate v...
[ { "content": "in condensed matter physics , an emergent relativity at low energies appears for systems with two stable fermi points , see , _ e.g. _ , the textbook ref . \n [ ] . this is the case of undoped graphene , a one - atom thick layer of graphite , see , _ \n e.g. _ , ref . \n [ ] for a review , where t...
[ { "content": "the first stars are thought to form at @xmath5 , with the first galaxies following at @xmath6 ( e.g. , * ? ? ? \n * ; * ? ? ? \n * ; * ? ? ? \n the chemical abundances of these first galaxies are unknown . \n if those abundances could be measured , then they would constrain the properties of metal...
[ { "content": "multiwavelenght follow - up studies of grbs in the last decade have established that a significant fraction of long grbs arise from the simultaneous collapse of a massive star ( e.g. woosley & bloom 2006 , della valle 2006 ) . \n best examples of this are the sn / grb associations so far discovere...
[ { "content": "the study of extra - solar planets has been driven forward by the discovery and detailed analysis of those planets that transit the disc of their host star . \n these transiting systems provide information on the planet s radius ( e.g. * ? ? ? \n * ) and absolute mass , information that is vital f...
[ { "content": "it is well known that the average size @xmath11 of an isolated flexible uncharged polymer chain in good solvent is asymptotically proportional to @xmath12 , where @xmath2 is the degree of polymerization , and @xmath13 @xcite . \n this law holds for any measure of the chain size , the most popular...
[ { "content": "the appearance of added stability in atomic nuclei at certain nucleon numbers prompted the development of the nuclear shell model . \n the robustness of the magic numbers at 2 , 8 , 20 , 28 , 50 , 82 , and 126 has been well demonstrated for nuclei near the valley of @xmath0 stability . however , o...
[ { "content": "the density dependence of nuclear symmetry energy especially at supra - saturation densities is among the most uncertain properties of neutron - rich nuclear matter@xcite . \n however , it is very important for nuclear structure@xcite , heavy - ion reactions@xcite and many phenomena / processes in...
[ { "content": "neutron star ( ns ) mergers are strong emitters of gravitational waves ( gws ) and thus among the prime targets for the upcoming gw detectors advanced ligo @xcite and advanced virgo @xcite . \n future gw observations of such events @xcite could reveal the properties of high - density matter and...
[ { "content": "the absolute magnitude of the rr lyrae variables , @xmath9 , is integral to determining distances to old stellar systems in our galaxy and to other nearby galaxies . \n for example , rr lyraes are widely used to measure the distances to galactic globular clusters , to the galactic center , and to ...
[ { "content": "modified newtonian dynamics , mond , ( milgrom 1983 ) is a non - relativistic theory that posits the existence of a critical acceleration ( @xmath0 cm / s@xmath1 ) below which the effective gravitational acceleration @xmath2 deviates from newtonian form ( @xmath3 ) in a specific way in effect , @...
[ { "content": "there is a class of processes in which the competition plays a very important role . \n examples are ecological , political , epidemiological , economic , chemical , reaction - diffusion , biological systems . \n an important sub - class of those is the cyclic competition systems . in ecology , \n...
[ { "content": "the antennae ( ngc 4038/39 = arp 244 ) is a pair of late type spirals in the course of merging . \n it is the youngest in toomre s ( 1977 ) dynamical age sequence of 11 interacting and merging systems and comfortably nearby . \n this makes it a well - studied system all over the wavelength range f...
[ { "content": "the role of electronic interactions on the observed properties of semiconductor quantum dots has increasingly been found to be of vital importance , as many of the papers in these proceedings and elsewhere illustrate . more and more , \n transport and capacitance experiments , as well as detailed ...
[ { "content": "shortly after the big bang , large density fluctuations in the early universe may have resulted in formation of primordial black holes ( pbhs ) @xcite . \n there is a wide range of allowed masses for pbhs . \n depending on the epoch and conditions during formation , pbh masses can be anywhere fro...
[ { "content": "today s state - of - the - art perceptual models @xcite have mostly tackled detecting and recognizing individual objects _ in isolation_. however , understanding a visual scene often goes beyond recognizing individual objects . \n take a look at the two images in fig . \n [ fig : intro_figure ] ....
[ { "content": "flow inside a porous medium finds many applications in natural and engineering systems . \n subsurface flows @xcite , erosion @xcite , fuel cells @xcite , and filtration systems @xcite are a few examples of physical processes that are governed by low reynolds number porous media flow . accurat...
[ { "content": "game theory has experienced a great development since early time of last century through its wide application in nearly every aspect of our modern society . in recent few years , along with the thriving of quantum information , a newly - emerging field , quantum game has begun to attract much atte...
[ { "content": "for more than two decades , the optical process of parametric down - conversion ( pdc)@xcite has been the primary photon source in quantum optics experiments@xcite . \n this nonlinear process converts single photons into pairs of signal and idler photons , which possess quantum correlations betwee...
[ { "content": "the low temperature relaxation of the magnetization of magnetic molecular solids such as 8 has proven difficult to understand ever since the earliest experimental studies @xcite . \n the time dependence of this relaxation is highly non - exponential , and fits to forms such as stretched exponenti...
[ { "content": "supersymmetric yang - mills theories in @xmath1 dimensions are described by an action of the form @xmath2 where indices @xmath3 correspond to the adjoint representation of some semisimple compact lie algebra , @xmath4 are spacetime vector indices ( spatial indices will be denoted by @xmath5 ) , an...
[ { "content": "the question of galaxy rotation curves and cluster masses has been known to require some form of energy density that makes its presence felt only by its gravitational effects since @xcite analyzed the velocity dispersion for the coma cluster . by 1959 \n there were eight galaxy rotation curves ava...
[ { "content": "despite many efforts devoted , the origin of hydrodynamic turbulence is still poorly understood , because there is a significant mismatch between the predictions of linear theory and the experimental data ( see e.g. @xcite ) . \n the mismatch between theoretical results and observed data is also f...
[ { "content": "soudan-2 is a fine - grained iron tracking calorimeter located 2100 mwe underground in soudan , minnesota , usa . the experiment has been taking data since 1989 when the detector was one quarter of its full size ; the construction was completed at the end of 1993 . \n the experiment continues to t...
[ { "content": "the central parsec of the milky way contains a large population of massive o / wr and b stars both as part of a stellar disc @xcite and in a cusp extending towards the galactic center ( gc ) black hole , sgr a * ( the s cluster , * ? ? ? \n * ; * ? ? ? \n * ; * ? ? ? \n the orbits of these stars...
[ { "content": "kmgf@xmath0 is a technologically important flouroperovskite . for example \n , it is used as a vacuum - ultraviolet - transparent ( vuv - transparent ) material for lenses in optical lithography steppers@xcite and in electro - optical applications@xcite . when doped with lanthanide ions , \n it is...
[ { "content": "in recent years , high spatial resolution observations of clusters of galaxies by _ chandra _ revealed the existence of sharp discontinuities of x - ray intensity called cold fronts ( e.g. , * ? ? ? * ; * ? ? ? * ) . their existence is challenging because in high temperature plasma \n , high therm...
[ { "content": "satellites of the giant planets in the solar system are typically categorized into regular and irregular moons . \n regular moons orbit their host planet in circular , low inclination short period orbits ; irregular moons have highly inclined ( and even retrograde ) , typically eccentric and have ...
[ { "content": "the standard model ( sm ) of particle physics provides an excellent fit to precision electroweak experiments , provided the mass @xmath0 of the as - yet unobserved higgs boson is rather light @xcite , @xmath1 however , the sm suffers from the hierarchy problem : the electroweak scale is sensitive ...
[ { "content": "the link between the irreversible phenomena governed by macroscopic equations such as the navier - stokes equations and the microscopic reversible dynamics of the atoms and molecules is a fundamental problem . in this context \n , it has been shown that typical many - body systems of interacting p...
[ { "content": "a foundation for the understanding of critical phenomena was provided by wilson s renormalization group ( rg ) approach @xcite which maps the critical point onto a fixed point of a certain transformation of the system s hamiltonian , langevin equation , etc . \n the rg theory presents a powerful ...
[ { "content": "one of the most important events expected in particle physics in near future is unquestionably the discovery of the higgs boson . the data from the atlas and the cms experiments at the lhc and the dzero and the cdf experiments at the tevatron hint at the existence of a light standard - model - lik...
[ { "content": "nowadays it is well established that the standard model ( sm ) of electroweak interactions describes very well almost every subatomic phenomenon up to order of @xmath4 100 gev @xcite . however , there is a lot of experimental results that are not well understood or nor embedded in their prediction...
[ { "content": "the interest of the astronomical community has been recently caught by a few very luminous supernovae ( sne ) that have exploded within dense , massive and pre - existent circumstellar media . \n some of them have been spectroscopically classified as type iin supernovae ( sne iin , * ? ? ? \n * ) ...
[ { "content": "in recent years much attention has been devoted to the study of relaxation processes of non - equillibrium charge carriers in strongly localized systems , where transport proceeds via phonon - assisted hopping , like photoexited charge carriers in band tails ( see e.g. @xcite-@xcite ) and anderson...
[ { "content": "a spontaneous breakdown of the global @xmath1peccei - quinn symmetry occurs in the course of explaining the absence of charge - parity violation in the theory of strong interactions . \n the emerging nambu - goldstone boson known as the qcd axion @xcite constitutes the flag representative for th...
[ { "content": "the jlab 6 gev research program in hadronic physics can be separated into three broad areas of investigation : the structure of the nuclear building blocks ; the structure of nuclei ; and symmetry tests in nuclear physics . here , the results of eight recent experiments are presented that answer ...
[ { "content": "the launch of _ xmm - newton _ and _ chandra _ both carrying on - board diffraction grating spectrometers with high resolving power , dramatically improved our knowledge of the gaseous environment of active galactic nuclei . at first , very bright and nearby seyfert galaxies were explored and many...
[ { "content": "recent cmb observations @xcite indicate that the early universe has passed through an inflationary period with hubble parameter @xmath9 . \n the standard theoretical setup for inflationary models generically involve some scalar inflaton fields slowly rolling down their potential . \n the slow - ro...
[ { "content": "the evolution of multi - particle systems arising in very diverse domains ranging from biology to material science is often governed by activated processes that occur with very low probability , but have a dramatic effect on the structure . \n examples of physical phenomena controlled by such rare...
[ { "content": "long - range correlations in a fluid far from equilibrium is one of the most salient features of nonequilibrium fluctuations @xcite . since the seminal discovery of the @xmath8 enhancement of the rayleigh component of the structure factor in a fluid with an uniform temperature gradient by kirkpatr...
[ { "content": "non - linear sigma models in 1 + 1 dimensions play an important role in several areas of theoretical and mathematical physics , see e.g. @xcite for a review . \n they become accessible to analytical methods in particular when the target manifold is a coset manifold ( maximally symmetric ) , such a...
[ { "content": "in a universe dominated by collisionless , cold dark matter ( cdm ) , the central densities of galaxy halos are high , and rise to form cusps with @xmath1 , as @xmath2 @xcite . \n in contrast , a large class of alternatives to cdm , here generically called warm dark matter ( wdm ) , are expected t...
[ { "content": "m.aleknovich et . \n al have proposed a backtracking model in @xcite which generalizes both the priority model of borodin , nielson and rackoff @xcite , as well as a simple dynamic programming model due to woeginger @xcite , and hence spans a wide spectrum of algorithms . \n borodin then shared hi...
[ { "content": "let @xmath1 be the potential energy function of a classical model for a molecular system . \n a fundamental challenge is to sample the configurational gibbs - boltzmann ( canonical ) distribution with density @xmath2 where @xmath3 where @xmath4 is boltzmann s constant , @xmath5 is temperature , an...
[ { "content": "quantum computation is of great interest in recent years for its great speed up for solving some problems@xciteand its efficiency in simulating physical systems@xcite . \n ideally , a quantum computer is a closed quantum system , and the evolution of the system is a unitary operation . \n however ...
[ { "content": "the star formation history of field stars in the large magellanic cloud ( lmc ) contains much information about the formation and dynamics of our closest galactic neighbor . \n studies by stryker ( 1984 ) , bertelli _ et al . _ ( 1992 ) , westerlund _ \n et al . _ ( 1995 ) , and vallenari _ et a...
[ { "content": "a companion paper @xcite reviews magnetic bunch compression and shows a schematic of our system . \n i assume the reader is familiar with this paper . \n the aps bunch compressor design is an outgrowth of studies @xcite by p. emma and v. bharadwaj of stanford linear accelerator center ( slac ) . \...
[ { "content": "the study of lepton flavor violating ( lfv ) processes offers a good opportunity for shedding light on the possible physics beyond the standard model ( sm ) . \n muon - to - electron ( @xmath0 ) conversion in nuclei @xmath2 is commonly recognized as one of the most sensitive probes of lepton flavo...