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[ { "content": "image compression is a topic of interest since the beginning of digital imaging , remaining relevant continuously due to the ongoing improvement in image resolution . \n while standard approaches are based on orthogonal bases and frames like cosine transforms or wavelets , an alternative route bas...
[ { "content": "granular media are large conglomerations of discrete , solid particles , such as sand , gravel , or powder , with unusual , interesting dynamics @xcite . \n a one - dimensional system of spherical beads in a lattice is one of the simplest representation of granular media substrates , wherein each...
[ { "content": "the question on the formation of the present - day massive spheroidals is one of the most debated issues of galaxy evolution and it is strongly linked to the general problem of structure formation in the universe ( see @xcite for a recent review ) . in one scenario , massive spheroidals are formed...
[ { "content": "cold dark matter ( cdm ) theory successfully describes many aspects of the formation of large - scale structure in the universe @xcite . \n however , mismatches do exist between its predictions and observations , such as the cusp - core controversy , missing satellites @xcite and the angular momen...
[ { "content": "the positron - production target for the ilc positron source is driven by a photon beam generated in an helical undulator placed at the end of main electron linac @xcite . \n the undulator length is chosen to provide the required positron yield . \n the source is designed to deliver 50% overhead ...
[ { "content": "cosmic strings are one - dimensional topological defects formed after phase transitions . \n they are considered to make up a weblike structure in the universe , so - called _ the cosmic - string network_. cosmic strings could be a probe for the early phases of the universe long before the cosmic ...
[ { "content": "it is well - known that the fate of a star after it has evolved away from the main sequence ( ms ) depends on its mass . \n the accepted scenario for the post - ms evolution of low to intermediate mass stars is that , following the helium flash , burnout of he occurs in the core on the horizontal ...
[ { "content": "over the last several decades , with new evidence , the objects we call galaxies \" have become much larger . extended dark - matter halos \" were proposed to produce flat rotation curves at large radii in disk galaxies ( rubin et al . 1980 ) , and \n a corona \" of hot interstellar gas at th...
[ { "content": "quantum entanglement is one of the most fascinating characteristic of quantum physics , a fantastic application of entanglement @xcite is quantum teleportation , which plays a key role in the field of quantum communication . since the seminal work of bennett et al . \n @xcite , teleportation has b...
[ { "content": "a massive star builds up onion - like layers of different chemical elements synthesized by hydrostatic nuclear burning processes during its lifetime . at the end of its evolution , \n the innermost fe core collapses into a neutron star , which triggers a core - collapse supernova ( sn ) explosion ...
[ { "content": "[ n1n2n3table ] @xmath1 [ brandnewsquaretable ] @xmath2 the well - known squares in figure [ franklinsquares ] were constructed by benjamin franklin . \n the square f2 was introduced separately and hence is generally known as _ \n the other 8-square_. the entries of the squares are from the...
[ { "content": "piro et al . ( 1999 ) and yoshida et al . ( 1999 ) report the detection of an iron emission line feature in the x ray afterglow spectra of grb 970508 and grb 970828 , respectively . \n both lines are characterized by a large flux and equivalent width ( ew ) compared with the theoretical previsi...
[ { "content": "given graphs @xmath0 and @xmath1 , say that @xmath3 if every 2-edge - coloring of @xmath1 results in a monochromatic copy of @xmath0 in @xmath1 . \n using this notation , the ramsey number @xmath4 of @xmath0 is the minimum @xmath5 such that @xmath6 . instead of minimizing the number of vertices , ...
[ { "content": "in previous work @xcite we have investigated quantum gravity in @xmath0 dimensions with negative cosmological constant on the torus , using an approach involving quantum holonomy matrices . \n this followed on from earlier work by one of us with regge and zertuche @xcite based on the traces of the...
[ { "content": "morphology is one of the main characteristics of galaxies , and the morphological classification has been central to many advances in the picture of galaxy formation and evolution . \n different correlations between morphology and other galaxy properties have been studied , including the relation ...
[ { "content": "in the recent years , communications over multiple - antenna fading channels has attracted the attention of many researchers . \n initially , the main interest has been on the point - to - point multiple - input multiple - output ( mimo ) communications @xcite . in @xcite and @xcite , \n the autho...
[ { "content": "the nature of the lowest - lying @xmath0 excited states ( denoted as @xmath3 state in the following ) in deformed nuclei has been a long standing problem in nuclear physics and studied by various approaches @xcite . \n traditionally they have been considered to be collective excitations such as th...
[ { "content": "the authors would like to thank the w.m . \n keck foundation for the financial support , akos vertes who provided the laser for our experiments , infrared fiber systems , silver spring , md , who provided the optical fibers for this study , william rutkowsky for helping with the instrumentation , ...
[ { "content": "observations of protoplanetary disks around young stars in star - forming regions support the widely accepted idea that planet formation is a common by - product of star formation ( e.g. beckwith 2000 ) . \n our solar system may be a typical planetary system in which earth - like planets accrete n...
[ { "content": "the formation of gas giant planets requires significant amounts of gas and dust to be present in the circumstellar environment of a young ttauri star . \n the lifetime of protoplanetary disks is accordingly an important observable to constrain planet formation . to infer disk lifetimes , \n a numb...
[ { "content": "the ap star @xmath1 equ ( hd 201601 , bs 8097 ) is one of the brightest objects of this class , with the apparent luminosity @xmath5 mag . \n the exact spectral type of this object is a9p ( srcreu subclass ) . \n the magnetic field of @xmath1 equ has been studied for more than 50 years , starting ...
[ { "content": "the process @xmath1 is already one of the key processes at lep2 , and will be of similar importance at future linear @xmath4 colliders . hence it is not surprising that considerable theoretical effort has gone into the precise prediction of the cross - section in the standard model ( sm ) , both f...
[ { "content": "the original method of maximum entropy , maxent @xcite , was designed to assign probabilities on the basis of information in the form of constraints . \n it gradually evolved into a more general method , the method of maximum relative entropy ( abbreviated me ) @xcite - caticha07 , which allows on...
[ { "content": "this contribution considers the problem of constructing detectors appropriate for doing short - baseline neutrino physics at the first muon collider complex . \n the physics motivations for these detectors are discussed elsewhere in these proceedings@xcite . \n since the proposed experiments are s...
[ { "content": "our main theorem gives a relation between _ fibrations _ ( or _ surface bundles _ ) and a related notion of _ formal fibrations_. by a fibration we shall mean a smooth map @xmath0 , where @xmath1 and @xmath2 are smooth , oriented , compact manifolds and @xmath3 is a submersion ( i.e. @xmath4 is s...
[ { "content": "this supplementary contains details about our analytical approach to solve for the spectrum and the wavefunctions of both bulk and edge states for a generalized kane - mele ( km ) model @xcite . \n we shall consider two kinds of boundary conditions , corresponding to the zigzag and beard edges . ...
[ { "content": "supersymmetry ( susy ) is one of the promising candidates of the physics beyond the standard model . \n no signature of susy has been found yet . however , the discovery of the susy particles is guaranteed for @xmath8 tev at the cern large hadron collider ( lhc ) for the minimal supergravity ( msu...
[ { "content": "the recent , first , direct detection @xcite of gravitational waves ( gw ) from a binary black hole merger by advanced ligo @xcite has opened a new window for the investigation of astrophysical compact objects . \n the new generation gw detectors advanced ligo and advanced virgo @xcite are also ex...
[ { "content": "maybe one day , one of my grand - children , at the age of 15 or 16 , will ask me : grand - father , could you explain what is relativity theory ? \n my physics teacher lectured about it , talking of rolling trains and of lightnings hitting the railroad , and i understood almost nothing ! \n th...
[ { "content": "the latest measurement of the shapiro delay for the millisecond pulsar psrj1614 - 2230 provides reliable lower bound on the maximum mass to be @xmath2 @xcite . this measurement rules out all the equations of state ( eoss ) yielding the maximum mass less than that of the psrj1614 - 2230 \n of cours...
[ { "content": "a recently proposed model of 3d massive gravity @xcite , dubbed `` minimal massive gravity '' ( mmg ) , has bulk properties that are identical to those of `` topologically massive gravity '' ( tmg ) ( which propagates a single massive spin-@xmath0 mode @xcite ) but its boundary properties ( for ad...
[ { "content": "a channel @xmath1 with noncausal state information at the sender has capacity @xmath7 as shown by gelfand and pinsker @xcite . \n transmitting at capacity , however , obscures the state information @xmath3 as received by the receiver @xmath4 . in some instances we wish to convey the state informa...
[ { "content": "the navier - stokes equations ( ns ) , while comprising the complete dynamics of turbulence , have at least two disadvantages for theoretical investigation of the physics of turbulence : ns lacks analytical solution for the case of the fully turbulent state and the nonlinear advection term results...
[ { "content": "wave breaking is one of the most complex phenomena that occurs in the near shore region . during propagation of wave from deep to shallow water \n , the wave field is transformed due to shoaling . \n close to the shoreline , they become unstable and break . in the process of breaking \n , energy i...
[ { "content": "the dynamical evolution of dense star clusters is a problem of fundamental importance in theoretical astrophysics . \n star clusters like open and globular clusters are among the simplest stellar systems : they are spherical , they contain no dust to confuse the observations and they appear to hav...
[ { "content": "the discovery of millisecond spin periods of neutron stars in low mass x - ray binaries ( lmxbs ) with the _ rossi x - ray timing explorer _ ( _ rxte _ ) has helped elucidate the nature of these sources . \n neutron star lmxbs consist of a neutron star accreting from a low mass companion . \n as m...
[ { "content": "in epidemic studies the analysis of large amounts of personal data is essential . at the same time \n the dissemination of the results of those studies , even in a compact and summarized form , can provide some information that can be exploited to identify the row pertaining to a certain individua...
[ { "content": "heterostructures with nanoobjects ( such as quantum dots , nanowires , molecules , etc ) hybridized to one conducting and another superconducting electrode seem to be promising testing fields where the strong electron correlations ( responsible e.g. for coulomb blockade and kondo physics @xcite )...
[ { "content": "large concentrations of matter in the universe are found using optical galaxies as tracers of mass . \n systems with a wide range of mass and size were discovered by this technique , from pairs and triplets of galaxies to filaments extending for hunderds of mpc . \n do optical galaxy surveys detec...
[ { "content": "the objective of this article is to design a controller in a _ networked control system _ @xcite that produces sparse control vectors for effective compression before transmissions . \n unfortunately , the calculation of optimal sparse vectors will , in general , require significant computational ...
[ { "content": "one of the most interesting features of many nonlinear evolution equations is the spontaneous onset of singularities in solutions starting from perfectly smooth initial data . \n such a phenomenon , usually called `` blowup '' , has been a subject of intensive studies in many fields ranging from f...
[ { "content": "according to a nomenclature that has emerged in various physical and mathematical contexts , one refers to the so - called ter - martirosyan skornyakov ( henceforth tms ) operators as a distinguished class of quantum hamiltonians for systems of non - relativistic particles with two - body `` _ _ ...
[ { "content": "the idea of inflation is a very successful paradigm to solve the problems of the standard cosmology and it provides a basis for production and evolution of seeds for large scale structure of the universe [ 1,2 ] . from a thermodynamical viewpoint , \n there are two possible alternatives to inflati...
[ { "content": "this paper focuses on dimension reduction in @xmath0 , in particular , on the method based on _ cauchy random projections _ \n @xcite , which is special case of _ linear random projections_. the idea of _ linear random projections _ is to multiply the original data matrix @xmath11 with a random...
[ { "content": "solar flares are most energetic magnetic explosions in the solar activities . \n they can increase the emission in a broad range of the electromagnetic spectrum , from radio wavelengths to x- and @xmath0-rays ( fletcher et al . 2011 ) . in the standard solar flare model , \n i.e. the cshkp model (...
[ { "content": "the low enrichment of @xmath3mo alloy dispersed in an @xmath4 matrix is a prototype for new experimental nuclear fuels @xcite . \n when these metals are brought into contact , diffusion in the @xmath5 interface gives rise to interaction phases . also , when subjected to temperature and neutron rad...
[ { "content": "although transport in low - dimensional quantum systems has intensively been investigated theoretically in the past years , there still is an ongoing interest in understanding the transport phenomena in such systems , including their temperature and length scale dependence @xcite . \n those works ...
[ { "content": "fluctuations of physical quantities near zero frequency have been investigated by several authors since the papers of @xcite and @xcite . \n a general theory on the fluctuation - dissipation theorem , which will be the starting point of this paper , was developed by @xcite . to the best of our kno...
[ { "content": "the next generation of wide - area extragalactic submillimetre and millimetre ( hereafter sub - mm ) surveys , for example from the balloon - borne large aperture submillimetre telescope ( blast , devlin et al 2001 ) , laboca on the atacama pathfinder experiment ( apex ) , the scuba2 camera on the...
[ { "content": "in the past decades , the vortex state of superconducting networks has been investigated by several groups using different imaging techniques ( scanning hall microscopy @xcite , scanning squid microscopy@xcite or bitter decoration @xcite ) . \n the vortex configuration was studied in square or tri...
[ { "content": "semiconductor nanostructures ( nss ) exhibit increased oscillator strength due to electron hole wave function overlap , and band gap engineering due to the effect of quantum confinement ( qc ) . \n thus , materials like si are a viable option for opto - electronics , photonics , and quantum comput...
[ { "content": "a smooth , geometrically finite hyperbolic surface @xmath0 has finite genus , with ends consist of a finite number of hyperbolic funnels and/or cusps . \n we ll assume that @xmath1 has infinite area , so there is at least one funnel . \n under this assumption , the ( positive ) laplacian @xmath2 h...
[ { "content": "it is well known that images of the rest - frame uv and optical continua are elongated preferentially along the radio axis in powerful radio galaxies ( prgs ) at redshift ( @xmath9 ) @xmath10 ( e.g. , chambers et al . \n 1987 ; mccarthy et al . \n 1987 ) ; the so - called alignment effect . \n ind...
[ { "content": "for the stellar populations of our milky way galaxy ( mwg ) - the halo , the bulge , and the disk ( thick plus thin disk ) - the fundamental questions that have to be addressed are : when , how and on what timescales did the galactic components form , and was there any connection between them ? \n...
[ { "content": "in the first days of the discovery of high - temperature superconductivity , anderson@xcite suggested that the two - dimensional hubbard model held the key to the phenomenon . despite its apparent simplicity , \n the two - dimensional hubbard model is a formidable challenge for theorists . \n the ...
[ { "content": "a viable baryogenesis mechanism aims to explain the observed asymmetry in the baryon density , @xmath0 , and the celebrated sakharov conditions state the necessary ingredients for baryogenesis : ( i ) c and cp violation , ( ii ) non - equilibrium , ( iii ) b number violation . \n b number violatio...
[ { "content": "pion compton scattering , @xmath10 , allows one to extract the electric and magnetic polarizabilities of the ( charged ) pion . in a classical picture \n these polarizabilities characterize the deformation response ( i.e. induced dipole moments ) of a composite system in external electric and magn...
[ { "content": "low - dimensional molecular conductors provide a fruitful stage to study strong electron correlation effects leading to a wide variety of phase transitions @xcite . in this context , \n among the most - studied families are the quasi - one dimensional ( q1d ) molecular conductors tmttf@xmath1@xma...
[ { "content": "ngc 869 and ngc 884 ( @xmath0 and @xmath1 persei , respectively ) are a well known double cluster rich in massive b - type stars , and have been the focus of many studies over the years . \n recent studies show that ngc 869 and ngc 884 have nearly identical ages of @xmath8 1314 myr , common distan...
[ { "content": "unwanted noise associated with absorption and scattering in high-@xmath0 cavities usually plays a crucial role in experiments in cavity quantum electrodynamics ( cavity qed ) @xcite . \n even small values of the corresponding absorption / scattering coefficients may lead to dramatic changes of the...
[ { "content": "the principle of successively minimizing upper bounds of the objective function is often called _ majorization - minimization _ @xcite or _ successive upper - bound minimization _ @xcite . \n each upper bound is locally tight at the current estimate , and each minimization step decreases the valu...
[ { "content": "the ( first part of the ) following problem was suggested by von neumann ( see pp . \n 60 - 61 , appendix 3 in @xcite ) . \n [ von neumann problem ] let @xmath2 if @xmath3 is normal and if @xmath4 does it follow that @xmath5 more generally , if @xmath3 and @xmath6 are normal and if @xmath7 does it...
[ { "content": "in two previous works @xcite , we investigated the persistence of extreme value laws ( evls ) whenever a dynamical system is perturbed throughout random transformations . \n we considered an i.i.d . \n stochastic process @xmath0 with values in the measurable space @xmath1 and with probability dist...
[ { "content": "radios ( cr ) @xcite@xcite , having capable of sensing spectrum availability , is considered as a promising technique to alleviate spectrum scarcity due to current static spectrum allotment policy @xcite . \n traditional cr link availability is solely determined by the spectrum sensing conducted a...
[ { "content": "let @xmath2 be a bounded symmetric domain in @xmath3 with bergman kernel @xmath4 we assume that @xmath2 is in its standard representation and the volume measure @xmath5 of @xmath2 is normalised so that @xmath6 for all @xmath7 and @xmath8 in @xmath9 by theorem 5.7 of @xcite and using the polar coo...
[ { "content": "complex systems science ( css ) studies the behavior of a wide range of phenomena , from physics to social sciences passing through biology just to mention few of them . \n the classical approach followed in the css consists first in a decomposition of the system into elementary blocksthat will be...
[ { "content": "except for a few nuclei lying in the vicinity of shell closures , most of the heavy nuclei are difficult to describe in a spherical shell model framework because of the unavoidable problem of dimension explosion . \n therefore , the study of nuclear structure in heavy nuclei has relied mainly on t...
[ { "content": "let @xmath4 be a finite sequence of positive numbers such that @xmath5 this sequence determines the corner cantor set @xmath6 of generation @xmath7 in @xmath8 , such that the @xmath9-th generation consists of @xmath10 cubes of edge length @xmath11 , each of these cubes contains @xmath12 corner cub...
[ { "content": "in dense stellar systems , such as globular clusters , galactic nuclei and star forming regions , direct collisions between stars occur quite frequently . \n these collisions can modify the stellar populations of the system by creating objects ( e.g. blue stragglers , cataclysmic variables and mil...
[ { "content": "the afterglows of gamma - ray bursts ( grbs ) are observed in the x - ray , optical , near - infrared , and radio , and appear to be well - described by the synchrotron blast - wave model in which the source ejects material with a relativistic bulk lorentz factor , driving a relativistic shock int...
[ { "content": "one of the major challenges of modern astrophysics is to understand the physical processes involved in galaxy formation and evolution . \n significant steps in this direction could be made by tracing the build up of stellar mass and metallicity as a function of cosmic time . \n one way to address ...
[ { "content": "hidden markov models ( hmms ) are stochastic models for systems with a set of unobserved states between which the system hops stochastically , sometimes emitting a signal from some alphabet , with probabilities that depend upon the current state . \n the situation in which we are specifically inte...
[ { "content": "the interaction of a collection of atoms with a radiation field has always been an important topic in quantum optics . the dicke model ( dm ) which describes interaction of @xmath0 identical two level atoms with a single radiation field mode , \n established the importance of collective effects of...
[ { "content": "quantum thermodynamics is the study of heat and work dynamics in quantum mechanical systems @xcite . in the extreme limit of small systems with only a few degrees of freedom , both the finite - size effect and quantum effects \n influence the thermodynamic properties of the system dramatically @xc...
[ { "content": "multi - dimensional generalization of classical soliton equations has been one of the most exciting topic in the field of integrable systems . among other things , \n calogero @xcite proposed an interesting example that is a ( 2 + 1)-dimensional extension of the korteweg - de vries equation , @xma...
[ { "content": "in recent years , uv and optical photometry and spectroscopy of nearby elliptical galaxies has suggested that these galaxies , which have a reputation for being old , red , and dead , may not be quite as dead as previously assumed . \n some 15% to 30% of local ellipticals seem to be experiencing s...
[ { "content": "our understanding of the properties of neutrinos in a plasma has recently undergone some appreciable theoretical progress @xcite . the interaction of neutrinos with a plasma particles , the creation of @xmath4 pairs , the emission of neutrinos due to the collapse of a star are of primary interests...
[ { "content": "the use of probability to reason about uncertainty is key to modern science and engineering , and the operation of _ conditioning _ , used to perform bayesian inductive reasoning in probabilistic models , directly raises many of its most important computational problems . \n faced with probabilist...
[ { "content": "the periodic anderson model ( pam ) is one of the basic models largely used in the study of strongly correlated systems whose properties can be described at the level of two effective bands , like heavy - fermion systems @xcite , intermediate - valence compounds @xcite , or even high critical temp...
[ { "content": "a lot of techniques and concepts of statistical mechanics of disordered spin systems , in particular , the replica method originally used to analyze the thermodynamics of spin glass model by sherrington and kirkpatrick @xcite , have been applied to various research fields beyond conventional physi...
[ { "content": "vaccination programs are an efficient and cost effective method to improve public health . with sufficiently many people vaccinated the population gains herd immunity , meaning the disease can not spread . \n timely actions to avoid drops in vaccination coverage are therefore of great importance ....
[ { "content": "the phenomenon of liquid helium ( lhe ) scintillation due to passage of charged particles was discovered in the late 1950 s @xcite . \n since then rather extensive studies have been conducted , motivated both by its intrinsic interest ( including an interest in illuminating the behavior of ions a...
[ { "content": "knowledge of the mass distribution within clusters , ( also in relation to the distributions of the different cluster components ) , gives important clues about the formation process of the clusters and of the galaxies in them , as well as on the nature of dark matter . \n there have been many stu...
[ { "content": "the 455 nm laser is frequency - stabilized with a blue detuning of @xmath59 ghz to the @xmath60 transition ( see fig . [ \n fig : fig2 ] ) . \n the 1070 nm laser is scanned over the two - photon resonance to the rydberg state @xmath61 . \n both lasers have an estimated linewidth below 5 mhz ....
[ { "content": "galaxy populations were first studied by hubble ( 1926 ) , who developed the familiar tuning fork diagram of ellipticals , spirals and barred spirals . \n most bright galaxies can be morphologically classified by their hubble type . \n however , many types of galaxy have been found that do nt fit ...
[ { "content": "in this paper we consider smooth higher dimensional knots , that is , spheres @xmath5 smoothly embedded in @xmath6 . in @xmath6 we have the canonical cubulation @xmath1 by translates of the unit @xmath7-dimensional cube . \n we will call the @xmath0-skeleton @xmath3 of this cubulation the _ canoni...
[ { "content": "today , the question of life in the universe is a compelling goal of scientific research . \n finding such life would have vast implications for the human mind , consequences that seem real to everyone , even if difficult to express . \n down through the ages , the uniqueness of earth has been a s...
[ { "content": "looking at the diverging uniform ( @xmath210 ) susceptibility @xmath6 as @xmath14 ( fig . [ chi ] ) intuitively suggests large low@xmath30 response and in turn increasing contribution of @xmath211 to the spin relaxation rate @xmath29 as @xmath14 . \n this is not what is observed , since we see no...
[ { "content": "in the past decade in four independent articles it was observed that the billiard orbit of any point which begins perpendicular to a side of a polygon and at a later instance hits some side perpendicularly retraces its path infinitely often in both senses between the two perpendicular collisions a...
[ { "content": "the similarity of amino acids(@xmath0 ) is the basis of protein sequence alignment , protein design and protein structure prediction . \n several scoring schemes have been proposed based on amino acid similarity . \n the mutation data matrices of dayhoff @xcite and the substitution matrices of hen...
[ { "content": "typical wavelength of gravitational waves from astrophysical compact objects such as bh(black hole)-bh binaries is in some cases very long so that wave optics must be used instead of geometrical optics when we discuss gravitational lensing . \n more precisely , if the wavelength becomes comparable...
[ { "content": "angle - resolved photo - emission spectroscopy ( arpes ) directly probes the dispersion of electrons ; identifying a kink associated with the active optical phonon in the cuprates @xcite . \n neutron scattering has shown an anomalous change in the phonon spectrum at the superconducting transition ...
[ { "content": "mass loss is inexorably linked to evolution for high - mass stars . \n in fact , it has a _ \n deterministic _ influence , which in turn has tremendous impact on other areas of astronomy influenced by stellar feedback ( regulating star formation , galaxy evolution , chemical evolution , reionizati...
[ { "content": "open quantum systems are at the heart of many physical phenomena from nuclear physics to quantum information theory @xcite . in fact , all `` real '' quantum systems are , to some extent , open systems . \n interactions with the environment cause decoherence , resulting in non - equilibrium dynam...
[ { "content": "the determination of @xmath7 based on the small magellanic cloud can have at least four significant advantages and one disadvantage with respect to those based on distant h region complexes : a ) no underlying absorption correction for the helium lines is needed because the ionizing stars can be...
[ { "content": "entangled paired photons or biphotons provide an unprecedented tools for research in fundamental physics such as quantum information processing @xcite and tests of fundamentals of quantum mechanics @xcite . \n biphotons produced from either spontaneous parametric down conversion ( spdc ) @xcite or...
[ { "content": "since 2009 an increasingly significant deviation from background expectations has been identified in the data of the large area telescope ( lat ) on board the fermi gamma ray space telescope satellite @xcite . \n the deviation appears around 2 gev in the energy spectrum of gamma ray flux originat...
[ { "content": "the central challenge for particle physics nowadays is the origin of mass . in the standard model \n both fermions and gauge boson masses are generated through interactions with the same scalar particle , the higgs boson , h. if it exists , the higgs boson will certainly be discovered by the time ...
[ { "content": "the challenges faced by companies working in nowadays complex it environments pose the need for comprehensive and dynamic systems to cope with the information flow requirements @xcite , @xcite , @xcite . \n planning can not answer all questions : we must take a step further and discuss a model for...
[ { "content": "the computational task of detecting maximum weight matchings is one of the most fundamental problems in discrete optimization , attracting plenty of attention from the operations research , computer science , and mathematics communities . \n ( for a wealth of references on matching problems see @...