query stringlengths 12 2.51k | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
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For most of pharaonic Egypt 's history Thebes was the administrative center of Upper Egypt . | [
"For most of pharaonic Egypt 's history , Thebes was the administrative center of Upper Egypt ."
] | [
"This is the largest of the precincts of the temple complex , and is dedicated to Amun-Re , the chief deity of the Theban Triad ."
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Upper Egypt was represented by the tall White Crown Hedjet , and its symbol was the flowering lotus . | [
"Upper Egypt was represented by the tall White Crown Hedjet , and its symbols were the flowering lotus and the sedge ."
] | [
"The east wall of the antechamber is interrupted by a large opening flanked by representation of Osiris at left and Anubis at right ; this in turn leads to the side chamber , decorated with offering scenes , preceded by a vestibule in which the paintings portray Nefertari being presented to the gods who welcome her... | SimpleWiki | {
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The northern part of Upper Egypt , between El-Aiyat and Asyut is sometimes called Middle Egypt . | [
"The northern section of Upper Egypt , between El-Ayait and Sohag is sometimes known as Middle Egypt . The designation Upper Egypt is most frequently used as a division for Ancient Egypt ."
] | [
"The Kushitic Kingdom of Meroà `` gave its name to the Island of Meroà `` , which was the modern region of Butana , a region bounded by the Nile ( from the Atbarah River to Khartoum ) , the Atbarah , Ethiopia , and the Blue Nile ."
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Upper Egypt is a narrow strip of land on both sides of the Nile that extends from modern-day Aswan to the area south of modern-day Cairo . | [
"Upper Egypt ( Sa ` id Misr ) is the strip of land , on both sides of the Nile valley , that extends from the cataract boundaries of modern-day Aswan north to the area between El-Ayait and Zawyet Dahshur ( which is south of modern-day Cairo ) ."
] | [
"Jebel Barkal or Gebel Barkal is a very small mountain located some 400 km north of Khartoum , in Karima town in Northern State in Sudan , on a large bend of the Nile River , in the region called Nubia ."
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It changed its name to Beer na Beer after lawsuits by other breweries using the term pale pilsen . | [
"It changed its name to Beer na Beer after lawsuits from San Miguel Brewery over using the term pale pilsen ."
] | [
"The Czech Budweiser is sold in some countries as Budejovicky Budvar but is known as Budweiser in many other countries throughout the world ."
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The Lenape lived in the area called Lenapehoking , roughly the area around and between the Delaware and lower Hudson Rivers . | [
"At the time of European contact in the 16th and 17th centuries , the Lenape lived in the area referred to as Lenapehoking , roughly the area around and between the Delaware and lower Hudson Rivers ."
] | [
"Previously Staten Island and Brooklyn were connected and the Hudson River emptied into the ocean through the present course of the Raritan River , by taking a more westerly course through parts of present day northern New Jersey , along the eastern side of the Watchung Mountains to Bound Brook , New Jersey and the... | SimpleWiki | {
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These areas are known today as the U.S. states of New Jersey , eastern Pennsylvania around the Delaware and Lehigh valleys . It is also the north shore of Delaware and much of southeastern New York , mostly the lower Hudson Valley and Upper New York Bay . | [
"This encompassed what are now known as the U.S. state of New Jersey ; eastern Pennsylvania around the Delaware and Lehigh valleys ; the north shore of Delaware ; and much of southeastern New York , particularly the lower Hudson Valley , Upper New York Bay , and western Long Island ."
] | [
"The worst of the effects of Isabel occurred in Virginia , especially in the Hampton Roads area and along the shores of rivers as far west and north as Richmond and Washington , DC ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Leu , Dolj is a commune found in Dolj County , Romania . | [
"Leu is a commune in Dolj County , Romania with a population of 5,468 people ."
] | [
"Albeni is a commune in Gorj County , Romania ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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The water can be safely drunk from almost any point in the lake . | [
"The lake water requires very little treatment before being pumped into the municipal systems and the natural , untreated water can be safely drunk from almost any point in the lake ."
] | [
"Paradoxically it is also one of most well-watered parts , having large amounts of snow and rain up on the highest peaks found in Switzerland ."
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VÃ ttern is famous for the quality of its transparent water . | [
"VÃ ttern has been famous for the excellent quality of its transparent water ."
] | [
"For nearly 60 years the building was used for the production of cloth despite competition of the neighbouring cloth mill Krone ."
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Tourist sport fishermen and people on vacation are allowed to fish in the lake as long as they do not use nets . | [
"Tourist sport fishermen and vacationers are free to fish in the lake as long as they do n't use nets ."
] | [
"Much of the park is classified as wilderness area , where vehicles are unable to visit ."
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Many of the people living in the area get their drinking water directly from VÃ ttern . | [
"Many of the municipalities in the area receive their drinking water directly from VÃ ttern ."
] | [
"A lack of adequate fresh water at Williamâ s town meant that it became necessary to change the city center to the inland site of Melbourne ."
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VÃ ttern is also noted for its fishing . | [
"VÃ ttern is also noted for its fishing , serving people in the nearby districts ."
] | [
"His popularity in Germany results in this as well as publishing more than 20 books about cooking ."
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It has been said that VÃ ttern is the largest body of potable water in the world . | [
"It has been suggested that VÃ ttern is the largest body of potable water in the world ."
] | [
"Richard lives in an area of the world known as Westland , which is the only part of the world that at the time contains no magic ."
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Marshall joined the Bristol music scene as a member of the DJ group The Wild Bunch in the 1980s , which included two other Massive Attack members , Robert Del Naja and Andrew Vowles . | [
"Marshall joined the Bristol music scene as a member of the sound system The Wild Bunch in the 1980s , which included two other Massive Attack members , Robert del Naja and Andrew Vowles ."
] | [
"Released in February 2003 , 100th Window was written and produced by Del Naja and Neil Davidge , and features vocals from Horace Andy and Sinà ad O'Connor , as well as an imperceptible appearance by Damon Albarn ."
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In 1986 , The Wild Bunch dissolved . | [
"In 1986 , The Wild Bunch disbanded ."
] | [
"In February 1998 , the recording of Legacy of Kings began ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Charles de Tornaco ( June 7 , 1927 - died September 18 , 1953 ) was a race car driver from Belgium . | [
"Charles de Tornaco ( Brussels , 7 June 1927 - 18 September 1953 ) was a racing driver from Belgium ."
] | [
"Karl Jochen Rindt ( April 18 , 1942 Mainz , Germany - September 5 , 1970 Monza , Italy ) was a German racing driver who represented Austria during his career ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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The kings of the House of Valois were descended from Charles of Valois who was the third son of Philip III of France . They claimed the Salic law put them ahead of Edward III of England to rule France . | [
"They were descendants of Charles of Valois , the fourth son of King Philip III and based their claim to be ahead of Edward III of England and Joan II of Navarre according to the Salic law ."
] | [
"James II was created `` Duke of Normandy '' by King Louis XIV of France , 31 December 1660 . This was a few months after the restoration of his brother Charles II to the English and Irish thrones ( Charles II had been crowned King of Scotland in 1651 ) , and probably was done as a political gesture of support for ... | SimpleWiki | {
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Jordanes ( also Jordanis or even Iornandes ) , was a 6th century Roman bureaucrat , who wrote history later in life . | [
"Jordanes , also written Jordanis or Jornandes , was a 6th century Roman bureaucrat , who turned his hand to history later in life ."
] | [
"Flavio Biondo , in Italia Illustrata ( 1531 ) thought it was invented by the Lombards after their invasion of Italy in the 6th century ."
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Kris Aquino ( born 14 February 1971 ) is a Philippine actress and TV host and 4th daughter of Former President Cory Aquino and Former Senator Ninoy Aquino and sister of Current President Noynoy Aquino . | [
"Kristina Bernadette Cojuangco Aquino ( born February 14 , 1971 ) , commonly known as Kris Aquino , is a Filipino television and movie personality who gained prominence from her talk shows , game shows , and numerous endorsements . She is the youngest daughter of former Philippine senator Benigno Aquino , Jr. and C... | [
"Benigno Simeon `` Noynoy '' Cojuangco Aquino III was born on February 8 , 1960 in Manila . He is the third of the five children of Benigno Aquino , Jr. , who was then the Vice Governor of Tarlac province , and Corazon Aquino ."
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The tributary sent a regular token of submission ( tribute ) to the superior power . | [
"The heart of the relationship was that the tributary would send a regular token of submission ( tribute ) to the superior power ."
] | [
"Their status changed when they came under a single ruler who centralised their administration , somewhat relegating the separate states to provinces , 17 in total ."
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James Milner ( born 4 January 1986 ) is an English football player . | [
"James Philip Milner ( born 4 January 1986 ) is an English footballer who plays as a winger or central midfielder for Premier League club Manchester City and the England national team ."
] | [
"Leon Osman ( born 17 May 1981 ) is an English football player who plays for Everton in the Premier League ."
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Paul Maurice Kelly was born on 13 January 1955 in Adelaide , South Australia ) . Kelly is an Australian rock music singer-songwriter , guitarist and harmonica player . | [
"Paul Maurice Kelly ( born 13 January 1955 ) is an Australian rock music singer-songwriter , guitarist and harmonica player from Adelaide ."
] | [
"Daniel Dale Johnston ( born January 22 , 1961 ) is an American singer , songwriter , musician , and artist ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Kelly has led many groups including Paul Kelly and the Dots , Paul Kelly and the Coloured Girls and Paul Kelly and the Messengers . | [
"He became involved in the pub rock scene and drug culture , and recorded two albums with Paul Kelly and the Dots . Kelly moved to Sydney by 1985 where he formed Paul Kelly and the Coloured Girls , which was renamed Paul Kelly and the Messengers , initially for international releases only , to avoid possible racist... | [
"Acts included the organiser and Australian of the Year Lee Kernaghan , local and international star Steve Forde & the Flange , Adam Brand , Leo Sayer , Diesel , and The McClymonts ."
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Kelly 's Top 40 singles on the National charts were his 1980s songs `` Billy Baxter '' , `` Before Too Long '' , `` Darling it Hurts '' , `` To Her Door '' , `` Dumb Things '' , and his 2000 single `` Roll on Summer '' . `` To Her Door '' , written by Kelly , was his best local hit . | [
"Kelly 's Top 40 singles include `` Billy Baxter '' , `` Before Too Long '' , `` Darling It Hurts '' , `` To Her Door '' ( highest charting local hit in 1987 ) , `` Dumb Things '' ( appeared on United States charts in 1988 ) and `` Roll on Summer '' ."
] | [
"With the group , Finn wrote the hits `` One Step Ahead '' , `` History Never Repeats '' , `` I Got You '' and `` Message to My Girl '' , among others ."
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He has also had success with his albums with Top 20 hits on the National charts for Gossip , Under The Sun and So Much Water So Close To Home from the 1980s ; Comedy , Wanted Man , Songs from the South : Paul Kelly 's Greatest Hits and Words and Music from the 1990s ; and Nothing But A Dream , Ways & Means and Stolen Apples from the 2000s . The compilation album Songs from the South got to Number 2 in 1997 . | [
"Top 20 albums include Gossip , Under the Sun , Comedy , Songs from the South ( 1997 compilation , his best charting album ) , ... Nothing but a Dream and Stolen Apples ."
] | [
"They have reached number one three times , with their 1998 album , This Is My Truth Tell Me Yours and the singles `` If You Tolerate This Your Children Will Be Next '' ( 1998 ) and `` The Masses Against the Classes '' ( 2000 ) ."
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The Teatro Colà n ( Spanish ) ( Columbus Theatre ) in Buenos Aires , Argentina , is one of the world 's best known opera houses . | [
"The Teatro Colà n ( Spanish ) ( Columbus Theatre ) is the main opera house in Buenos Aires , Argentina , acousticly considered to be amongst the five best concert venues in the world ."
] | [
"The Grand Olympic Auditorium is the former name of a sports venue in Los Angeles , California , United States ."
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Hurricane Anita was the only major hurricane of the inactive 1977 Atlantic hurricane season . | [
"Hurricane Anita was a powerful Atlantic hurricane during an otherwise quiet 1977 Atlantic hurricane season ."
] | [
"Tropical Storm Cristobal was the third named storm of the 2008 Atlantic hurricane season ."
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Hurricane Anita stayed as a category 5 hurricane as it made landfall in the Mexican state of Tamaulipas on September 2 . | [
"The hurricane rapidly strengthened to attain peak winds of 175 mph ( 280 km\\/h ) , and on September 2 Anita made landfall in eastern Tamaulipas as a Category 5 hurricane ."
] | [
"The depression soon made landfall on the peninsula and weakened before reemerging in the Gulf of Mexico on July 4 ."
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By the next day , Hurricane Anita had reached its highest winds as a category 5 hurricane , while not far from the coast of Mexico . | [
"The hurricane developed a well-defined eye , and Hurricane Anita began to rapidly intensify late on September 1 after attaining major hurricane status . During a two-day period up to its peak intensity , Anita deepened at a rate of 2 mbar per hour , and on September 2 the hurricane reached peak winds of 175 mph ( ... | [
"A new center of circulation began forming later on July 4 , over the Gulf of Mexico , to the north of the original center ."
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Conditions remained good and the tropical depression strengthened into Tropical Storm Anita later on August 29 . Water temperatures were warm , this allow Tropical Storm Anita to become Hurricane Anita during August 30 . | [
"The first tropical cyclone of the season , Anita developed from a tropical wave on August 29 in the north-central Gulf of Mexico ."
] | [
"A non-tropical low formed into Subtropical Depression Twelve , well east-southeast of Bermuda on September 20 . It became Subtropical Storm Kyle the next day , and Tropical Storm Kyle on September 22 ."
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Tropical Depression One went back on a westward path than a ridge forced it . | [
"With a ridge of high pressure to its north , the depression tracked westward ."
] | [
"After a brief period of a normal track to the northwest , Andres was picked up by westerly winds and became the first named storm to threaten Central America ."
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Water temperatures were warm , this allow Tropical Storm Anita to become Hurricane Anita during August 30 . | [
"Favorable conditions persisted for several days prior to the arrival of the depression , and as such the depression quickly intensified into Tropical Storm Anita . The storm tracked slowly over anomalously warm water temperatures , and throughout its duration it was embedded within warm , moist tropical air ; Anit... | [
"Dog reached its peak intensity with winds of 185 m over the open Atlantic and after weakening , it passed within 200 m of Cape Cod . The storm became extratropical on September 12 ."
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Louvigny , Calvados is a commune . It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France . | [
"Louvigny is a commune in the Calvados department in the Basse-Normandie region in northwestern France ."
] | [
"Sainte-Marie-Outre-l ` Eau is a French commune in the Calvados department in the Basse-Normandie region in northwestern France ."
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The Corolla was once sold by Chevrolet in the United States as the Nova and Geo Prizm in the 1980s and 1990s . | [
"Over the years , there have been rebadged versions of the Corolla , sold by General Motors , including the 1980s ' Holden Nova of Australia , and the Sprinter-based Chevrolet Nova , Chevrolet Prizm , and Geo Prizm ( in the United States ) ."
] | [
"This Honda Today was a kei car produced by the Japanese automaker Honda beginning in 1985 ."
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Mercatel is a commune . It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France . | [
"Mercatel is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France ."
] | [
"Vieil-Hesdin ( Eng : Old-Hesdin ) is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France ."
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The Wii Balance Board ( called Wii Board in Europe ) is a balance board accessory made for Nintendo 's Wii game console . It was first used for Wii Fit , and is being used for other games including Wii Ski . | [
"Wii Fit was the first game to make use of the Wii Balance Board ."
] | [
"Second Opinion is the first to be available on the Wii , was a launch title for the system in North America and Japan , and made full use of the Wii Remote and Nunchuk attachment ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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The Wii Balance Board ( called Wii Board in Europe ) is a balance board accessory made for Nintendo 's Wii game console . | [
"The Wii Balance Board is a balance board accessory for the Nintendo Wii video game console ."
] | [
"Wii Sports Resort is a sports video game developed and published by Nintendo for the Wii video game console , and is the direct sequel to Wii Sports ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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The Royal Air Force ( RAF is a short version ) is the air force of the United Kingdom . | [
"The Royal Air Force ( RAF ) is the air force of the United Kingdom and the oldest independent air force in the world ."
] | [
"The organization was established on May 12 , 1958 ( an effect of the Cold War ) as a joint command between the governments of Canada and the United States , as the North American Air Defense Command ."
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Some examples of the UK bases are RAF Lossiemouth in Scotland , RAF Valley in Wales , RAF Aldergrove in Northern Ireland and RAF Linton-on Ouse in England . | [
"They have been established at the nine main operating bases ; RAF Coningsby , RAF Cottesmore , RAF Kinloss , RAF Leeming , RAF Leuchars , RAF Lossiemouth , RAF Lyneham , RAF Marham and RAF Waddington numbered Nos 121 , 122 , 325 , 135 , 125 , 140 , 38 , 138 and 34 EAWs respectively ."
] | [
"The county contains within its boundary of approx . 225 miles , part of the National Forest , and borders on Greater Manchester to the North West , West Yorkshire to the North , South Yorkshire to the North East , Nottinghamshire to the East , Leicestershire to the South East , Staffordshire to the West and South ... | SimpleWiki | {
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It is a weak oxidizing agent ( can be reduced to tellurium ) and a weak reducing agent ( can be oxidized to tellurates ) . | [
"Sodium tellurite is both a weak oxidizing agent and a weak reducing agent ."
] | [
"Mercury ( I ) nitrate is formed when elemental mercury is combined with dilute nitric acid ( concentrated nitric acid will yield mercury ( II ) nitrate ) . Mercury ( I ) nitrate is a reducing agent which is oxidized upon contact with air ."
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Sodium tellurite is a chemical compound . | [
"The tellurite anion is a weak base . Sodium tellurite would be similar to sodium selenite and sodium sulfite ."
] | [
"Potassium iodate ( KIO3 ) is a chemical compound ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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The tellurite ion can react with water to make sodium hydrogen tellurite , NaHTeO3 . | [
"Hydrogen tellurite loses a proton at this pKa to become the tellurite ion . This would happen in the reaction of tellurous acid with sodium hydroxide to make sodium tellurite ."
] | [
"Other common rubidium compounds are the corrosive rubidium hydroxide ( RbOH ) , the starting material for most rubidium-based chemical processes ; rubidium carbonate ( RbCO3 ) , which is used in some optical glasses , and rubidium copper sulfate , Rb2SO4 â cents CuSO4 â cents 6H2O ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Sodium tellurite is a chemical compound . Its chemical formula is Na2TeO3 . | [
"Sodium tellurite is an inorganic tellurium compound with formula Na2TeO3 ."
] | [
"Selenium dioxide is the chemical compound with the formula SeO2 ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Later , she made an extensive study of the cytogenetics of maize races from South America . | [
"Later , she made an extensive study of the cytogenetics and ethnobotany of maize races from South America ."
] | [
"Genetic studies made it necessary to break up the original A. tigrinum population , even though there is some hybridization between groups ."
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She used microscopic analysis to show genetic recombination by crossing-over during meiosisâ '' a mechanism by which chromosomes exchange information . | [
"Her work was groundbreaking : she developed the technique for visualizing maize chromosomes and used microscopic analysis to demonstrate many fundamental genetic ideas , including genetic recombination by crossing-over during meiosisâ '' a mechanism by which chromosomes exchange information ."
] | [
"His main contribution was the germ plasm theory , according to which ( in a multicellular organism ) inheritance only takes place by means of the germ cellsâ '' the gametes such as egg cells and sperm cells ."
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In summer 1951 , when she reported on her work on gene mutability in maize at the annual symposium at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory . | [
"In summer 1951 , when she reported on her work on gene mutability in maize at the annual symposium at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory , the paper she presented was called `` The origin and behavior of mutable loci in maize '' ."
] | [
"In 1921 , he was the honorary president of the Second International Congress of Eugenics held under the auspices of the American Museum of Natural History in New York ."
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She developed theories to explain the control of genetic information from one generation of maize plants to the next . | [
"She developed theories to explain the repression or expression of genetic information from one generation of maize plants to the next ."
] | [
"His main contribution was the germ plasm theory , according to which ( in a multicellular organism ) inheritance only takes place by means of the germ cellsâ '' the gametes such as egg cells and sperm cells ."
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In early 1948 , she made the surprising discovery that two genetic loci , Dissociator and Activator could transpose , or change position , on the chromosome . | [
"In early 1948 , she made the surprising discovery that both Dissociator and Activator could transpose , or change position , on the chromosome ."
] | [
"The higher the percentage of descendants that does not show both traits , the farther apart on the chromosome the two genes are ."
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In 1950 , she reported her work on Ac\/Ds and her ideas about gene regulation in a paper . | [
"In 1950 , she reported her work on Ac\\/Ds and her ideas about gene regulation in a paper entitled `` The origin and behavior of mutable loci in maize '' published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ."
] | [
"Davidson and Chaudri identify `` transformation '' as the key feature of the genre ."
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She published a paper in 1953 where she presented all her statistical data , and undertook lecture tours to universities throughout the 1950s to speak about her work . | [
"She published a paper in Genetics in 1953 where she presented all her statistical data , and undertook lecture tours to universities throughout the 1950s to speak about her work ."
] | [
"Greyson has written many journal articles , and has given media interviews , on the subject of near death experiences ."
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Between 1948 and 1950 , she developed a theory : these mobile elements regulated genes by inhibiting or modulating their action . | [
"Between 1948 and 1950 , she developed a theory by which these mobile elements regulated the genes by inhibiting or modulating their action ."
] | [
"These can be effects on the organism in which the gene resides , the environment , or other organisms ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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She produced the first genetic map for maize , and demonstrated the role of the telomere and centromere . These are regions of the chromosome that are important in preserving genetic information . | [
"She produced the first genetic map for maize , linking regions of the chromosome with physical traits , and demonstrated the role of the telomere and centromere , regions of the chromosome that are important in the conservation of genetic information ."
] | [
"Attention is paid to their length , the position of the centromeres , banding pattern , any differences between the sex chromosomes , and any other physical characteristics ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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McClintock 's research became well understood in the 1960s and 1970s , as researchers discovered the mechanisms behind the genetic change and gene regulation that she had shown in her maize research in the 1940s and 1950s . | [
"McClintock 's research became well understood in the 1960s and 1970s , as researchers demonstrated the mechanisms of genetic change and genetic regulation that she had demonstrated in her maize research in the 1940s and 1950s ."
] | [
"Much of his academic life he spent studying genetics especially focusing on applying the laws of inheritance to populations ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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In the summer of 1944 at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory , McClintock began systematic studies on the inheritance of color patterns of maize seeds . | [
"In the summer of 1944 at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory , McClintock began systematic studies on the mechanisms of the mosaic color patterns of maize seed and the unstable inheritance of this mosaicism ."
] | [
"1902 â `` 1904 : Theodor Heinrich Boveri ( 1862 â `` 1915 ) , a German biologist , made several important contributions to chromosome theory in a series of papers , finally stating in 1904 that he had seen the link between chromosomes and Mendel 's results in 1902 ( although this is not documented in his publicati... | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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Her work on controlling elements and gene regulation was difficult and was not immediately understood or accepted by her contemporaries ; she described the reception of her research as `` puzzlement , even hostility '' . | [
"Her work on controlling elements and gene regulation was conceptually difficult and was not immediately understood or accepted by her contemporaries ; she described the reception of her research as `` puzzlement , even hostility '' ."
] | [
"In 1905 , James responded frustratingly to what he described as `` a beguiled infatuation '' with Austen , a rising tide of public interest that exceeded Austen 's `` intrinsic merit and interest '' ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the description:",
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In his younger days he worked for the Liverpool Royal Infirmary , the Thompson Yates Laboratory , and the Royal Commission on Tuberculosis . | [
"Thereafter , he held positions at the Liverpool Royal Infirmary , the Joseph Tie Laboratory , and the Royal Commission on Tuberculosis ."
] | [
"A lawyer by profession , Brown was a partner at law firm Wynyard Wood , and co-founded the Howick Free Legal Service ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
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He was born in Hale , England and attended Liverpool University where he studied genetics . | [
"Fred Griffith was born in Hale , Cheshire county , England , in about 1879 ( exact year uncertain ) , and attended Liverpool University where he studied genetics ."
] | [
"She first attended Pennsylvania 's Bryn Mawr College from 1903 to 1904 , then graduated Oberlin College in Ohio where she later returned to speak many times ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence about Education:",
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Novazzano is a municipality of the district Mendrisio in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland . | [
"Novazzano is a municipality in the district of Mendrisio in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland ."
] | [
"Castel San Pietro is a municipality in the district of Mendrisio in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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Park Tae-Hwan ( nicknamed `` Marine boy '' ) is a famous swimmer from South Korea . He was born in Seoul on September 27 , 1989 . | [
"Park Tae-hwan ( born September 27 , 1989 ) is a South Korean swimmer ."
] | [
"Kwak Kyung-Keun ( born October 10 , 1972 ) is a South Korean football player who plays at the forward position ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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He is the first South Korean swimmer to win a world title . He won a gold medal in the men 's 400 meters freestyle final at the World Swimming Championships in Melbourne , 2007 . | [
"He is the first Asian swimmer to win a gold medal in Men 's 400 metre freestyle event , and the first Korean to win a medal in swimming ."
] | [
"A year later , at age 12 , she won the senior title at the South Korean Figure Skating Championships , becoming the youngest skater ever to win that title ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Giancarlo Fisichella ( born 14 January , 1973 in Rome ) is an Italian driver and drives at present in Formula One with the Renault F1-Team . | [
"Giancarlo Fisichella ( born 14 January 1973 in Rome , Italy ) , also known as Fisico , Giano or Fisi , is an Italian racing driver ."
] | [
"Jody David Scheckter ( born January 29 , 1950 ) is a South African former auto racing driver , the Formula One World Drivers Champion ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence about Sports:",
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The Class 379 Electrostar is a type of electric multiple unit . It has been ordered by National Express East Anglia to run their Stansted Express services . . | [
"The Class 379 Electrostar is a type of electric multiple unit ordered in April 2009 for Stansted Express services operated by National Express East Anglia ."
] | [
"The Grand Central Railway Company Limited is a privately-owned train operating company operating passenger rail services under the name Grand Central on the East Coast Main Line ( ECML ) in the United Kingdom ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence about Transportation:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Transportation:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
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Leith Athletic F.C. is a football club which plays in Scotland . | [
"Leith Athletic Football Club are a football club from the Leith area of Edinburgh , Scotland ."
] | [
"Cowlairs Football Club was a 19th century football club from Glasgow , Scotland ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia text:"
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A litter box ( sometimes called a sand box , a litter tray or a litter pan ) is a place for cats and some other pets to use as a toilet . | [
"A litter box , sometimes called a sandbox , sand box , litter tray , litter pan , catbox , or cat box , is an indoor feces and urine disposal box for cats ( as well as rabbits , snakes and other pets that naturally or through training will make use of such a repository ) that are permitted free roam of a home but ... | [
"A changing room , locker room , dressing room ( usually in a sports , theater or staff context ) or changeroom ( regional use ) is a room or area designated for changing one 's clothes . Changing rooms are provided in a semi-public situation to enable people to change clothes in privacy , either individually or on... | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the description:",
"neg": "Represent the description:"
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Saudemont is a commune . It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France . | [
"Saudemont is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France ."
] | [
"Pernes ( or Pernes-en-Artois ) is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence about Geography:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia description about Geography:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia description about Geography:"
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Puncak Jaya ( IPA : \/ ` pÊ n. tÊ Ã k 'd Ê ' aÉ . É '' \/ ) ( also called Mount Carstensz or the Carstensz Pyramid ) is the highest mountain on the island of New Guinea . | [
"Puncak Jaya ( pronounced ) , sometimes called Mount Carstensz or the Carstensz Pyramid , is a mountain in the Sudirman Range , the western central highlands of Papua province , Indonesia ( within Puncak Jaya Regency ) ."
] | [
"Malà ( Dhivehi : Þ Þ Þ Þ ) , ( pronounced : \\/ mÉ Ë le \\/ ) is the capital and most populous city in the Republic of Maldives ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
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Mead is popular in Central Europe and the Balkans . Mead is also made in Ethiopia and South Africa . | [
"Mead can be difficult to find commercially ."
] | [
"Christmas cake is a type of fruitcake served at Christmas time in the UK , Ireland , Japan , Philippines and many Commonwealth countries ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
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Mead is sometimes called `` honey wine '' . | [
"Mead can be difficult to find commercially . Some producers have marketed white wine with added honey as mead , often spelling it `` meade . ''"
] | [
"American schnapps , however , are liqueurs ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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Escoussans is a commune . | [
"Escoussans is a commune in the Gironde department in south-western France ."
] | [
"Saint-Sauveur-de-Montagut is a commune of the Ardà che department in southern France ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the text about Geography:",
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Miami Gardens is a city of Florida in the United States . | [
"Miami-Dade County Public Schools serves Miami Gardens . Miami Norland High School and Miami Carol City High School are located in Miami Gardens ."
] | [
"Plantation is a city in Jefferson County , Kentucky , United States ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
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Giubega is a commune found in Dolj County , Romania . | [
"Giubega is a commune in Dolj County , Romania with a population of 4,000 people . It has the constituent village Giubega ."
] | [
"Arbore is a commune located in Suceava County , Romania ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia description:",
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The colony of Aden came under the same government in India from 1858 to 1937 , and so did British Somaliland ( now part of Somalia ) from 1884 to 1898 and Singapore from 1858 to 1867 . | [
"In addition , at various times , it included Aden Colony ( from 1858 to 1937 ) , Lower Burma ( from 1858 to 1937 ) , Upper Burma ( from 1886 to 1937 ) , British Somaliland ( briefly from 1884 to 1898 ) , and Singapore ( briefly from 1858 to 1867 ) ."
] | [
"The offices of Governor of West Punjab and Chief Minister of West Punjab lasted from August 15 , 1947 , until 14 October 1955 ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia description:",
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Compassion ( or care ) for all life , human and nonhuman , is central to Hinduism , Buddhism , which was founded by Siddhattha Gotama ( or Buddha ) , and also Jainism , founded by Mahavira . | [
"Compassion for all life , human and nonhuman , is central to Hinduism , Buddhism , which was founded by Siddhattha Gotama ; and also Jainism , which was founded by Mahavira 599 â `` 527 BC ."
] | [
"Mazdak was the chief representative of a religious and philosophical teaching called Mazdakism , which he viewed as a reformed and purified version of Zoroastrianism , although his teaching has been argued to display influences from Manichaeism as well ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
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Pacifism is when someone does not think war or violence is a good way to stop a fight or to get ahead of someone . Pacifism has been encouraged in the first days of people as a whole . | [
"Pacifism is the opposition to war and\\/or violence ."
] | [
"On the one hand , they agreed safety and protection from lawless nobles was in everyone 's best interest ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
} |
He was made Baron Verulam in 1618 , and Viscount St Albans in 1621 . | [
"Bacon was knighted in 1603 , and created both the Baron Verulam in 1618 , and the Viscount St Alban in 1621 ; as he died without heirs both peerages became extinct upon his death ."
] | [
"Elizabeth Hay , Countess of Erroll ( 17 January 1801 -- 16 January 1856 ; born Elizabeth FitzClarence ) was the illegitimate daughter of King William IV of the United Kingdom and Dorothea Jordan . She married William Hay , 18th Earl of Erroll , and became Countess of Erroll on 4 December 1820 at age 19 ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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Sir Francis Bacon KC , ( 22 January 1561 â '' 9 April 1626 ) , was an English philosopher , statesman , and author . | [
"Francis Bacon , 1st Viscount Saint Alban , KC ( 22 January 1561 â `` 9 April 1626 ) was an English philosopher , statesman , scientist , lawyer , jurist , author and father of the scientific method ."
] | [
"Edward Cave ( 27 February 1691 â `` 10 January 1754 ) was an English printer , editor and publisher ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence about Literature:",
"pos": "Represent the description about Literature:",
"neg": "Represent the description:"
} |
Pamphlets can contain anything , it may include information on kitchen appliances , instructions as well as religious and political ideas . | [
"Pamphlets can contain anything from information on kitchen appliances to medical information and religious treatises ."
] | [
"Street newspapers are generally published weekly or less frequently , which makes them useful only for general information such as contact numbers and locations ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
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It can be made up of a single sheet of paper that is printed on both sides and folded in half , in thirds , or in fourths ( called a leaflet ) . | [
"It may consist of a single sheet of paper that is printed on both sides and folded in half , in thirds , or in fourths ( called a leaflet ) , or it may consist of a few pages that are folded in half and saddle stapled at the crease to make a simple book ."
] | [
"Some slide rules ( `` duplex '' models ) have scales on both sides of the rule and slide strip , others on one side of the outer strips and both sides of the slide strip ( which can usually be pulled out , flipped over and reinserted for convenience ) , still others on one side only ( `` simplex '' rules ) ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the description:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Pamphlets are also very important in marketing as they are cheap to produce and can be distributed easily to customers . | [
"Pamphlets are very important in marketing as they are cheap to produce and can be distributed easily to customers ."
] | [
"Street newspapers are generally published weekly or less frequently , which makes them useful only for general information such as contact numbers and locations ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia description:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia text:"
} |
A pamphlet is a small book without a hard cover or binding ) . | [
"A pamphlet is an unbound booklet ( that is , without a hard cover or binding ) ."
] | [
"All these books vary in length from a single page of modern type to dozens of pages ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the description:",
"neg": "Represent the description:"
} |
where c is the damping coefficient , given in units of Newton-seconds per meter . | [
"where c is the viscous damping coefficient , given in units of newton-seconds per meter ."
] | [
"Its units are siemens per meter per molarity , or siemens meter-squared per mole ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
} |
For many purposes the damping force Ff can be modeled as being proportional to the velocity v of the object : | [
"For many purposes the frictional force Ff can be modeled as being proportional to the velocity v of the object :"
] | [
"This change in current with respect to position can be measured itself , or the height , z , of the tip corresponding to a constant current can be measured ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the text:",
"pos": "Represent the description:",
"neg": "Represent the description about Physics:"
} |
In physics , damping is any effect that tends to reduce the amplitude of vibrations . | [
"In physics , damping is any effect that tends to reduce the amplitude of oscillations in an oscillatory system , particularly the harmonic oscillator ."
] | [
"Negative feedback occurs when the output of a system acts to oppose changes to the input of the system , with the result that the changes are attenuated ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the description:",
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In mechanics , the internal friction may be one of the causes of such damping effect . | [
"In mechanics , friction is one such damping effect ."
] | [
"The normal force is one of the components of the ground reaction force and may coincide with it , for example considering a person standing still on the ground , in which case the ground reaction force reduces to the normal force . In another common situation , if an object hits a surface with some speed , and the... | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
} |
Dermott is a city of the state of Arkansas in the United States of America . | [
"Dermott is a city in Chicot County , Arkansas , United States ."
] | [
"Magnolia is a city in Harrison County , Iowa in the United States of America ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia text:"
} |
Nichols Hills is a city of Oklahoma in the United States . | [
"Nichols Hills is a city in Oklahoma County , Oklahoma , United States , and a part of the Oklahoma City metropolitan area ."
] | [
"Pleasant Grove is a city of Jefferson County , Alabama ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia description:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia description:"
} |
Citizenship of the Union shall complement and not replace national citizenship . | [
"Citizenship of the Union shall be additional to and not replace national citizenship ."
] | [
"Furthermore , the first sentence of article 3 explicitly states that `` The political existence of the state is independent of recognition by the other states . ''"
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Article 17 ( 1 ) of the amended EC Treaty states that Citizenship of the Union is hereby established . | [
"Article 20 ( 1 ) of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union states that Citizenship of the Union is hereby established ."
] | [
"In 2005 , they concluded a treaty establishing a Benelux Organization for Intellectual Property which replaced both offices upon its entry into force on September 1 , 2006 ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
jpg thumb ( 380x600 ) px right Amy Brenneman ) ) Amy Brenneman is an American film\/television actress , perhaps best known for starring in NYPD Blue and Judging Amy . | [
"Amy Frederica Brenneman ( born June 22 , 1964 ) is a Golden Globe - and Emmy-nominated American actress , perhaps best known for her roles in the television series NYPD Blue , Judging Amy and Private Practice ."
] | [
"He continues to write music for the television show Desperate Housewives ( 2004-current ) since the fourth episode ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
( ( Image : Amy Brenneman 2009 . jpg thumb ( 380x600 ) px right Amy Brenneman ) ) Amy Brenneman is an American film\/television actress , perhaps best known for starring in NYPD Blue and Judging Amy . | [
"In 1999 , Brenneman became creator and executive producer of the television series Judging Amy , in which she played the title character ."
] | [
"Michael Joseph `` Mike '' Farrell ( born February 6 , 1939 ) is an American actor , best known for his role as Captain B.J. Hunnicutt on the television series M \\* A \\* S \\* H ( 1975 -- 83 ) ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
} |
Discogs is short for discographies . It is a website and database of information about music recordings . | [
"Discogs , short for discographies , is a website and database of information about audio recordings , including commercial releases , promotional releases , and bootleg or off-label releases ."
] | [
"Encyclopaedia Metallum : The Metal Archives ( commonly known as Metal Archives per the URL or just MA ) is a website which lists bands from various forms of heavy metal music ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia description:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia description:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia description:"
} |
Discogs is one of the largest online databases of electronic music releases . It is believed to be the largest online database of releases on vinyl also . | [
"Discogs is one of the largest online databases of electronic music releases and of releases on vinyl media ."
] | [
"Encyclopaedia Metallum : The Metal Archives ( commonly known as Metal Archives per the URL or just MA ) is a website which lists bands from various forms of heavy metal music ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the description:",
"neg": "Represent the description:"
} |
The discogs.com domain name was registered in August 2000 . Discogs was released in October 2000 by Kevin Lewandowski . | [
"The discogs.com domain name was registered in August 2000 , and Discogs itself was launched in November 2000 by programmer , DJ , and music fan Kevin Lewandowski originally as a database of electronic music ."
] | [
"Kijiji was made available to selected cities in the United States on June 29 , 2007 ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia description:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia text:"
} |
Discogs is owned by Zink Media , Inc. in Portland , Oregon , US . | [
"The Discogs servers , currently hosted under the domain name discogs.com , are owned by Zink Media , Inc. , and are located in Portland , Oregon , USA ."
] | [
"The website is based in San Francisco , California ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
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Marcelo Bielsa ( born 21 July , 1955 ) is a former Argentine football player . | [
"Marcelo Alberto Bielsa Caldera ( nicknamed Loco Bielsa , `` Madman '' Bielsa ) ( born July 21 , 1955 ) is an Argentine association football coach and former defender , born in Rosario , Santa Fe ."
] | [
"Hugo Fernà ndez ( born 2 February 1945 ) is a Uruguayan former football manager ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the text about Sports:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Sports:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Four new episodes aired from January 20-23 , 2009 part of `` Battle of the Barnyard Week '' . | [
"On January 19 , 2009 , the original Barnyard movie aired for the first time on television ."
] | [
"The loss of Spencer 's character was addressed beginning with the episode `` Election Day '' , which aired on April 2 , 2006 ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
} |
Back at the Barnyard is a cartoon which is a spinoff form the Barnyard movie . It began airing on September 2007 . | [
"Back at the Barnyard premiered on Nickelodeon 's Worldwide Day of Play in September 2007 ."
] | [
"The success of the original series led to the creation of two revival series : one series that ran for several seasons on CBS and in syndication in the 1980s , and another series that ran on UPN from 2002 to 2003 ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia text about Entertainment:"
} |
A brand new Barnyard movie aired on November 29 , 2008 , which is the third day of the second `` Super Stuffed Nicktoons Weekend '' . | [
"During the return on SuperStuffed Nicktoons Weekend , a brand new Back at the Barnyard movie aired on November 29 , 2008 ."
] | [
"Rugrats and Nickelodeon aired the Tenth Anniversary special All Growed Up on August 11 , 2001 , recognizing the day the series officially began as one of the original three Nicktoons ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
} |
Frederick 's son , Conrad IV of Germany finished the town in 1254 . | [
"Construction was completed in 1254 under Frederick 's son , Conrad IV of Germany ."
] | [
"It is therefore considered `` older '' than Berlin-C Ã lln , which was first mentioned in a 1237 deed ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the description:",
"pos": "Represent the description:",
"neg": "Represent the description:"
} |
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