query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
why air looks rippled when there are high temperatures | [
"Hot air has a different density than cooler air, so light passing through it bends differently. Different density = different path that light travels = “ripples”"
] | [
"Because of atmosphere. There's dust vapour and other things in the atmosphere and because of change in density the starts have that twinkling appearance"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do low and extremely high frequencies require more intensity to be just barely audible as compared to the middle range of frequencies? | [
"This is not as much a physics question as a biology question. It is how the (human presumably) ear is designed. It is similar to why our eyes can only detect colors in a limited range of frequencies. Our organs are adapted to react to the stimuli that are most useful such as detecting the presence of predator an... | [
"Absolutely. Sound is simply longitudinal air waves cause by the vibration of an object at a particular frequency. When we say that humans can only hear a certain range of sounds, it means that the little hairs that are connected to nerves that connect to the brain can only vibrate (and therefore interpret) those s... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
dry skin after warm shower??? | [
"The oils yer skin produce constantly got washed off. The oils keeps yer skin moisturized and help inhibit bacteria growth."
] | [
"dehydration after sleeping too long. stretch your limbs when you get up and drink some water and eat something you'll be back in shape faster."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph about Sleep and its effects on the body:"
} |
what is Planck time and how do we know what to base our perception of a second on? | [
"The Planck time is the time it would take a photon traveling at the speed of light to cross a distance equal to the Planck length, which is 5.39 × 10\\^-44 seconds. It is **NOT** the smallest possible unit of time, but it is the smallest *meaningful* amount of time according to our current understanding of physics... | [
"I mean there's nothing really stopping you. A Planck length is the theoretical shortest length that can be measured. Planck time is the amount of time it takes a photon to cross that distance. Planck's temperature is the temperature a black body has to be to emit photons with wavelength of Planck's length. You cou... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Physics:"
} |
Why do the signs say not to use a mobile phone at the petrol station, even though everyone does and nothing happens? | [
"Mostly because distracted people fuck up and spill gas, creating a hazard. There is also an incredibly small chance a defective phone could create a spark, that in the presence of a dense cloud of gas vapors, could cause an explosion."
] | [
"It probably can't cause an explosion. In fact it probably won't even cause a fire. However the incidence of people accidentally leaving their cars in gear and plowing into pumps greatly decreases if they turn their cars off."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
how can a barrel create a unique pattern on a bullet? | [
"> How strong is this ID method? Not very, and certainly nowhere near the nonsense portrayed on TV. A well preserved bullet can often be said to be consistent with a certain firearm after testing. Unless that particular gun has some unique defect or wear pattern it is impossible to conclusively link a bullet to a s... | [
"the correct answer is that the outward setting makes the papers easier to pull apart than the inward setting. it's a temporary attachment rather than a permanent one"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
what is the relationship between bandwith in Fourier and bandwidth in networking? | [
"It doesnt. In network bandwidth is how many bits you can send per second. Bandwidth have many many different meanings."
] | [
"Laplace transforms turn differential equations into algebraic ones. Basically, college level or 12th year math is simplified to 9th year math, and then it is solved. Fourier transforms are a special case of Laplace where the ‘real’ part of the variable ‘s’ is set to zero and the remaining ‘imaginary’ part represen... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
If Google homepage had one banner ad how much revenue would it generate in a day? | [
"For google or the company advertising? Paid by click? Google has 3.3 billion daily searches, 3,300,000,000 views, with 10% of searches resulting in clicking online ads Thats 330,000,000. With 1.6% of those meeting the paid per click requirements, So we have 5,280,000. With Google charging $1-$2 dollars for adverti... | [
"Always buy. Here's how that developer makes money with ad networks: - They usually get paid when a user installs the game/app that is show in the ad. They'd get anywhere from 50c to $5 per install - Sometimes they get paid just when a user just clicks an ad - To work it all out, most developers calculate their \"e... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
what’s the concept of umami? | [
"What's the concept of bitter? Umami is a fundamental taste like sour, salty, or bitter. Unlike non-fundamental tastes like \"citrus\" there are receptors on your tongue for umami, which are receptors for nothing else. This indicates an evolutionary pressure towards consumption of umami food, which in nature would ... | [
"I call this an apple what do you call it? This is how I write apple how do you write it. Same idea for grammar"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why are Apple airpods ridiculed so much? | [
"Because they are so dear I think. That and they have introduced a wire to keep you from losing them."
] | [
"It would be very easy to abuse drugs that act that way. And the consequences of such abuse very dangerous. On another note, why are air-cooled Porsches suddenly unaffordable? Unrelated, just something that intensely annoys me...."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why are points and naming in tennis rather weird, it is it counted 0, 15, 40 and not 45, and why 0 is called 'love? | [
"The French used to play a game called jeu de paume, which was like tennis but with the palms of their hands. The courts were 90 feet long, so each player had 45 feet to play in. When the player got a point they were allowed to move up the court - the first time 15 feet, the second another 15 (to 30 feet), and fina... | [
"They used to use a clock for score. Imagine it in your head: Each point was a quarter in the clock. 15 - > 30 - > 45 - > game(60). Then the rules changed and Deuce rules were introduced, so they changed 45 to 40, and it went 40 - > 55(advantage) - > game"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
How do you, developers, make a game "balanced"? | [
"That's a pretty wide question. Every game is different and uses different methods to balance stuff. But it's ultimately about making sure that no option is always the better one. Everything should have its pros and cons and everything should be counterable by something else. For example if there was a character in... | [
"... I, personally, can't wait to see how other users would choose to explain advanced particle physics to a kindergartener."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How can you explain the concept of Laplace and Fourier Transform using analogies to a kid? | [
"I think 3blue1brown does a fairly good job at this. Some elements aren't 100% ELI5, but most of it is still pretty intuitive. _URL_0_"
] | [
"I think you will have to define your question a bit more. Are you generally asking us to explain correlation and translation of pressure and forces?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
When does a doctor decide to amputate rather than save limbs? | [
"If the limb is infected, such as with flesh eating bacteria , there might be no choice but to amputate before the infection spreads."
] | [
"Side effects of the diabetes are poor circulation, slow healing, and nerve damage. As a result of these things, diabetics are prone to not noticing minor foot injuries like scratches or ingrown toenails until they're badly infected. Next thing you know, the infection has turned to gangrene and the only solution is... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
What actually causes hyperinflation in the economy, as we've witnessed in Venezuela? | [
"Very fundamentally, hyperinflation happens because of 3 reasons: either money supply has exploded, the supply of goods has fallen, or demand has skyrocketed. In this case, the cause is the first 2. The Venezuelan government has been running massive government Budget deficits, which at one point reached 20+% of GDP... | [
"Milton Friedman gives a very good analysis of the economic growth that occurred during the Japanese period called the Meiji restoration from 1868. Millions of Japanese were lifted out of poverty when free markets were allowed to function properly, and the national GDP quadrupled over the span of 20 years. I would ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
What do household spiders eat? | [
"If you are seeing empty cobwebs, then the answer is that spider was not eating anything. That is why it left the cobweb and either made a new one somewhere or died. Spiders are very versatile, so they will eat basically anything they can catch. And exactly what they will catch is going to vary depending on where y... | [
"Water, fibre, and other things that humans don't digest into energy."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What is happening in terms of energy when you decelerate suddenly? As in falling, or a car crash. | [
"Alot of it is converted to Heat, bend a metal spoon a couple times quickly and touch the bend, its probably hot. Same as your breaks in your car convert all you KE in to heat, see race cars just after a long straight and a tight corners, the discs are glowing red. The rest is converted into sound."
] | [
"Because your body is also moving at that speed. Since you're held by the bus (by a seat or pole, etc.), as the bus gains speed, your body gains the same speed so that there is no difference in speed between you and the bus. Otherwise, every time it accelerated, you would go through the back of your chair! Incident... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
How did the human race come to universally accept touching mouths together as a means to show affection? | [
"In short, we don’t really know. Some theories include: Kiss feeding, where babies are fed softer pre-chewed food. Necessary before baby food or even stores existed. Some cultures still do this today, but don’t kiss, so there’s little support for this theory. Grooming: it could be a socially developed grooming beh... | [
"Your body reacts based on your knowledge and prior experiences: You expect that the person who kisses you finds you attractive and wants to do more than that. So you get horny. If high fives were a sign of affection in a different culture people would get horny after that too."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Social Sciences:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Social Sciences:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
how are the voices recorded to animated shows/movies? How is the timing of the voice and the animation accomplished? | [
"Often, the voices are recorded before the final animation. So the animation is done to match the voice, not the other way around."
] | [
"They play the music at the same % as how fast they plan to sped up/slow down the video and have the singers lip-sync to that version."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Animation:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Animation:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are Diesel engines better than gas in some situations? As in why are most big trucks diesel, but very few cars (at least in the US)? Is it a power thing? Efficiency? | [
"Diesel engines have better fuel economy and higher torque (think of it as pulling power) than equivalent petrol engines which makes them more suited vehicles which will be traveling long distances and carrying/towing heavy loads."
] | [
"Octane levels and compression rates. Regular gas combusts at lower compressions (your average car). Premium gas combusts at higher pressures (most sports cars). A higher pressure combustion creates more energy which is why it's used in sports cars. There's absolutely no benefit of putting premium gas in a car desi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do all the former British colonies use Dollars rather than their own version of the Pound? | [
"Largely because the Colonies had influences from Dutch and Spanish settlers, both of which used \"dollars\" for currency. When the War for Independence broke out, America began to use Spanish Dollars more than British Pounds Sterling, as it was easier to get and trade with, and that lead to the adoption of our own... | [
"US Dollars are good in many countries. Especially in Mexico, Central and South America, where the dollar is often far more stable than the local currency. Heck, in Ecuador, their official currency *is* the US Dollar."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What are derivatives in Calculus and where could one actually use this in the real world? | [
"People make these calculations in their head every day without realizing it. Sitting in traffic they say \"I'm in this location, going this velocity. I need to be to work at this time. So I need to adjust my velocity to arrive at work on time."
] | [
"Statistics is a branch of mathematics. The math does not change, but how you apply it does, and that is what tailor made classes do, teach you how to apply the math."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about finance:",
"pos": "Represent the document about finance:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
In a world where everything is automated and completed almost instantly, why do banks not process transactions on weekends? | [
"Because they are not (yet) legally required to do so. It has taken many years of legislative initiatives to get to the point where deposits during the week are quickly processed. Some political candidate could get a ton of support for trying to close this gap."
] | [
"They do not tend to have the proper ID to prove who they are, do not have addresses for checks to be sent to, and do not have bank accounts for direct deposits to be put into. It is extremely difficult for them to get anything."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why don’t cheap car companies design cars that look like, for example, a Ferrari or a Lamborghini? does it cost more money to simply make the car body good looking? | [
"When you're driving a 1.4 litre, four cylinder family car, would you rather it looked like a supercharged V10 mid-engined hypercar - or would you rather it was designed to maximise luggage/passenger space and represent more accurately the kind of car it is? What would be the point in having a car with supercar s... | [
"A concept car is a one off production. It is supposed to show off new technology and designs coming in the future. These cannot always be reproduced exactly once they go into mass production. Certain parts have to be redesigned to be stronger, safer, more reliable, or more cost effective. If this was not done, the... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Is it a good idea if the UK would leave Northern Ireland. | [
"What about the people who live in N Ireland and LIKE being part of the UK?"
] | [
"Please help me understand why this vote is occurring in the first place? Why would the Scottish people want to separate from the UK?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
How are psychiatric exams used to diagnose smart dangerous people who want to outwit the psychiatrist? Would a broad exam like the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) potentially be useful to catch a serial killer like Ted Bundy or John Wayne Gacy if they were active today? | [
"How would a psychiatric exam help catch a serial killer?"
] | [
"The main reason is that a mental health check is not quite as easy as a background check. Background checks are binary - you either have a disqualifying event in your history or you do not. They can be automated to scan relevant records, so they are easy and cheap. Mental health diagnosis requires an experienced p... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument about Healthcare:"
} |
Does popcorn pop for a reason? Did it develop that ability to procreate itself, or are there any other reasons? | [
"It's just what happens when it's cooked. It's not for the benefit of the plant. It pops because the water held inside of the corn kernel vaporizer and explodes. Other grains puff up when cooked. Think about rice crispys. It's puffed rice."
] | [
"...and diabetics crave sweets... and head injuries that cause the body to kill itself by swelling the brain... and putting an amusement park next to a waste dump between our legs. Our bodies are very far from perfect and definitely could be designed better, but people don't want to hear that. The true \"why\" is b... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why do mountains in the distance look blue? | [
"Air, particularly the moisture in the air, absorbs red light. So, mostly white light (all colors mixed) beams down from space and strikes the mountain. Some of that light reflects in your direction. If you are near, you see the mountain in full color, because the air absorbs very little light over any small dista... | [
"How do you even take a picture of the center of a tornado?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
I'm told that tea has more caffeine than coffee | [
"'Tea has more caffeine than coffee' is true and misleading. Tea leaves have more caffeine (by mass) than coffee beans. However, brewed coffee is a stronger drink than steeped tea."
] | [
"Coffee is addictive. Excessive caffeine can give you the shakes. I don't know what coffee is like in the rest of the world but it has caffeine in it here."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Does a person with Dementia or Alzheimer’s knows they have the disease? | [
"Generally these conditions get worse over time and people recognise that they are forgetting things that they should be able to remember easily. These days most elderly people know that dementia or Alzheimer's are likely to be the cause when this happens too frequently, eventually however there may come a time whe... | [
"HIV is a virus. AIDS is the state the body and immune system gets in from having so much damage done to it by the HIV virus. Because you have HIV does not mean you'll ever develop AIDS."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
why does water form a bunch of little bubbles when left in a glass for a few hours, or overnight? | [
"Air (or at least some gasses in air, like oxygen and nitrogen) can get dissolved into water, and eventually it'll be released by the water. Water can carry more gasses when it's cold (or under pressure), so as it warms to room temperature they're released. Think of it like the opposite of dissolving sugar or salt ... | [
"Evaporation is different than boiling. Just like if you leave a glass of water out at room temperature eventually that will evaporate too, just a lot slower than boiling."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why does water not freeze in the sometimes incredibly cold deep ocean waters? | [
"Deep ocean water is never below its freezing point. The coldest deep waters are between -2° and 0° C, but the dissolved salts in seawater mean that the freezing point is about -4° C."
] | [
"If I understand correctly, water, albeit frozen water, is surprisingly common throughout the universe."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
The MLB Salary Cap and how it fluctuates from team to team instead of being a set number like The NBA or NFL. | [
"MLB has a luxury tax instead of a salary cap. The luxury tax acts as a deterrent for large market teams (yankees, boston, etc.) from spending too much money compared to small market teams (Tampa Bay, Oakland, etc.). When a team goes over the luxury tax limit ( ~$189 million) they are required to pay a certain per... | [
"Because of smaller number of players on the court (5) and nature of the game, one great player can have a much greater impact (MJ, LeBron, Kobe, etc.). Additionally, NBA has a soft salary cap that allowed more flexibility to re-sign players and go over the cap (by paying a luxury tax). In contrast, the NFL has mor... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
What is id, ego and superego? | [
"**Id:** \"I'd really like to break that guy's window.\" **Ego:** \"Sure, but then he'll kick your ass and then break yours. Or he could slap you with a lawsuit. It might feel good right now but there might be lots of consequences.\" **Super-ego:** \"Besides, it wrong to just lash out at people like that. You're be... | [
"The biggest things he is known for are: Collective Unconscious, Extraversion and Introversion, and altering some of Freud's work to be more scientific based and less high on Cocaine based."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
What exactly is syllable stress and how is it located in English? | [
"> Isn't the stress of all words then dependent on who says them Yes, and this is a component of regional accents. However, for most words, there is a commonly accepted pronunciation. [It just sounds wrong if you put the emphasis on the wrong syllable.](_URL_0_)"
] | [
"Because singing is basically changing the intonation of words to match a melody. Intonation, the timing and accentuation of syllables in words, is basically what makes one accent differ from another. To British people, Americans sound British when they sing."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
If an independent game studio goes under, who/which company owns the intellectual properties? | [
"When a company shuts down, it generally sells all its assets off to recoup as much money as possible. That includes whatever copyrights and other intellectual property it might own. So the rights are owned by whoever bought them when the company shut down. This is how you get things like the Atari brand being owne... | [
"I'd imagine the code gets archived somewhere in the company's fileservers and the development team either get laid off or moved onto a different project. Regardless of whether they produce actual physical products or something like computer code, few companies would allow employees to keep half-developed concepts... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why are astronauts allowed to do water droplet tricks on the ISS? | [
"Pure water isn't conductive - it needs dissolved salts to become conductive. In addition, the air has a certain amount of water content already. These escaped water droplets will eventually evaporate into the air. Furthermore, if the water droplets were able to come into contact with an electric circuit, they woul... | [
"They need to exercise everyday to make sure their muscles don’t waste in the weightlessness of space. Take a look at Scott Kelly’s daily routine during his year in space."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
What do they mean when scientists say that certain creatures can see more colors than humans? Does that mean there are colors we don’t know exist? | [
"I don't know if it's accurate to say \"Colors we don't know exist\", but usually they mean that the animals eyes can detect spectrums of light above or below the range that human eyes can detect. Bluer than the blue we can see, or redder than the red we can see."
] | [
"We can dissect their eyes and look at the cells. From that we know which colors they can see. As it happens, dogs aren't colorblind. While humans see red, green, blue, and all the combinations thereof, dogs only see combinations of blue and yellow. They can't distinguish red."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why’s it so hard to breathe when there’s strong winds blowing in your face? | [
"Scubadiver here: The reason for this is an instinct most mammals have: To hold your breath underwater. If you get a rush of cold (usually water) on your face, stop trying to breathe. It makes great sense in most situations, and most animals can not mentally override this instinct. When you scubadive, you have ... | [
"You never closed your eyes while being outside in the sun, did you?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Biology:"
} |
What is the difference between the World Wide Web and the Internet? | [
"The Internet is a network that provides many services: email, DNS lookup, VOIP phone calls, and **web browsing**. The WWW is the part of the Internet that's visible using web browsing. There is another sorta-WWW part of the Internet, that only visible with the Tor encrypted browser. Some people call this the dark ... | [
"Reddit as the new opiate of the masses?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does our brain automatically translate wtf but not lol? | [
"Try pronouncing wtf and try pronouncing lol, that's the reason. We translate what we can't pronounce"
] | [
"My guess would be the syllables. When speaking it's quicker to say \"o\" instead of zero. Kinda like how we abbreviate texting but for words."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Is there a prioritisation that the body has for instances where the body has less blood than it should in terms of how much oxygen each organ should take. would the brain assign itself highest priority or does each organ still just try to take the same amount of oxygen regardless of bloodlevel | [
"Yes. The brain requires about 20% of cardiac output at rest. Its requirements do not change as it is very sensitive to any periods of loss of blood flow and therefore loss of glucose/oxygen. In periods of severe blood loss there are autoregulatory mechanisms that alter blood flow to the other organs to a greater o... | [
"To add, it also have to do with blood flow, high blood flow lets your body take care of an area more effectively, your mouth have some of the highest levels of blood flow."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Health and Medicine:"
} |
Why do other legged mammals know how to walk almost immediately while it takes us humans about a year? | [
"Babies’ heads already barely fit through their mothers’ pelvises, because we’re bipedal. It’s kind of a compromise - if babies stayed inside longer, they’d be more developed, like other mammals, but their mothers wouldn’t be able to run or walk as well, because their hips would be kind of messed up. Some doctors... | [
"Not every animal can walk the day they are born. The reason why human babies are so vulnerable after birth is because we are born at a very immature stage. If pregnancies would last longer, we would not be able to give birth to our babies. We are already pushing it in terms of getting their big heads through our n... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Biology:"
} |
What changes happen to any foods that it is generally considered not fresh once frozen? | [
"When you freeze things the ice Crystals in the food cut open the cells when it thaws the texture is mush"
] | [
"The bacteria that grows on meats (esp chicken and pork) are matured and the meat may be rotten by that date. If cooked, bacteria is killed and the meat is given a new state, which is cooked. Think of it as the meat being given a new life after getting close to dying."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How can recordings from the 80's (like Queen performances) be converted into HD and look like it was filmed yesterday? | [
"Regular film is really high resolution. Even if it was broadcast at a lower resolution back in the day. Movies, stored on film, can be scanned to 8k with little to no issues - mostly depending on the quality of the film and storage conditions over the years."
] | [
"It's kinda a strange concept, but since old movies were taken on real film, the film itself is basically HD (It's not that hard to realize either, if you look at some film, it's very very high quality picture) As long as you have the old film, it'll be convertible into HD into at least the near future (Past the ti... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is Centrifugal force considered a construct? | [
"It's not a construct so much as an artefact of your frame of reference. Let's say you are standing on a large, rotating platform. The platform is rotating such that you feel a small force pulling you to the outer edge if the platform. To an observer looking down from above, the force you are experiencing looks exa... | [
"They are the opposite. Centrifugal force is an apparent force, pointing radially outwards from the center of the circular motion. Centripetal force, however, is the force that keeps the object from flying away, pointing radially inwards, and thus it is the exact opposite of the centrifugal force. (Not so ELI5: Som... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
What is it that draws pigeons specifically to parks and plazas? Why not other birds as often? | [
"Pigeons like large fields and don't mind nesting in cities, that also don't mind eating french fries and such. Many of the birds, or even most, just don't like that type of environment and won't nest near it, you won't find hummingbirds in an open park, they eat nectar and stay near flowers, you won't find goldfin... | [
"Your dog prefers the couch over the yard. Just as humans have preferences, so do animals. Same reason why some pesky birds may like to build nests in mailboxes as opposed to trees."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Bird behavior:",
"pos": "Represent the passage about Bird behavior:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why is the audio mix on movies/TV so much quieter than YouTube/online video? | [
"Because people who don't know how to record digital files think that red is a great thing and obviously means that it's barely loud enough, as opposed to actual recording engineers who know what they're doing... Sometimes. ( dynamic range)"
] | [
"I think it's because it's easier to get a song off a YouTube video than from a live stream, Twitch does mute parts of videos in the archive that contain copyrighted music."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is carbonated/seltzer water made with carbon dioxide and not oxygen? | [
"1. Oxygen is far less soluble in water than CO2, costs more to produce and is harder to transport. Its not a good gas for making drinks fizzy, at all. 2. Carbonated water is acidic. If you watered a plant with carbonated water you would increase the acidity of the soil. The plants probably wouldn't like that. Al... | [
"Carbonated, sparkling, club soda and seltzer are all the same thing afaik. Water + CO2 gas. Tonic water is carbonated water with quinine and sometimes sugar. Mineral water is collected from a spring, and is high in \"minerals\". It may or may not be carbonated."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
What's the difference between a really deep sleep and a coma? | [
"Deep sleep still has a relatively high metabolism and a large amount of brain activity, these are both substantially reduced in a coma as the body is in minimal operation mode in an attempt to solve the issue that put the body in the coma - _URL_0_"
] | [
"You are waking up in the middle of a sleep cycle."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Health:"
} |
why are more people depressed today than ever before even though life's quality has never been better( at least in western countries) | [
"More people are not depressed. More people are simply *diagnosed* with depression as we come to understand it."
] | [
"Cancer isn't one disease, and no one treatment will work for every type of cancer no even for every person with the same type of cancer. It's vastly complex and will never be solved overnight - but because of the research, your chances of surviving cancer right now are vastly better than they have ever been, and c... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post about Social Issues:"
} |
do the senate majority leader and speaker of the house have access to all classified information discovered in committees? | [
"Everything within American politics and chain of command for all branches and subsections of the military is granted on a clearance level and a need-to-know basis. So, basically no."
] | [
"congress is not on the hill during this time and thus he has no legislation to look at, and he can manage other day to day operations via his mobile office that is the various presidential vehicles"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
If alcohol dehydrates you, why does it make urine clear? | [
"It dehydrates you by *forcing* you to urinate, so your body is pushing out more fluid than it usually would which is why the urine is clear."
] | [
"They don't. The only drinks that cause dehydration are alcoholic ones, because they make you pee more than you drink. Caffeine also makes you pee, but not nearly as much."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
what is a Mandelbrot zoom? | [
"It's a graphical representation of a mathematical concept called a \"fractal\". Fractals are shapes that contain themselves and repeat forever. They're everywhere in nature. A mathematician named Mandelbrot was the first one to describe them, so that's why the video is named that. Because they repeat forever you c... | [
"Related: what happened to the similar but different term Lakonia?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Is it possible to explain in layman's terms how ATP works as the energy currency of cells? | [
"your mitochondria uses energy it gets from allowing protons to flow with their concentration to force phosphate groups onto ADP molecules. These bonds do not *want* to be made, so they have energy because it took energy to create them. This is potential energy , like when you lift something heavy. This energy can ... | [
"Your body uses Oxygen as an important molecule in one of the final stages of something called \"cellular respiration\". The oxygen allows your cells to efficiently produce something called ATP which is the molecule your body consumes to do just about everything. Without oxygen, no ATP is made. Without ATP, your o... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why was the quality of art so poor in the Middle Ages, while architecture was so advanced? | [
"Not everyone cared enough about art to be a patron for artists it was extremely difficult to eke out a living as an artist. It's one of the reason Di Vinci made so many war machines. Where as the rich/oligarchy/nobility/the church funded architecture. Edit:to clarify my point. you had to be special in order to be ... | [
"Believe it or not those basic paintings were the style of the day. It is not like Greek painters could not paint intricate works of art due to lack of skill. It just so happened that people wanted painting in that style of simplicity."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Art and History:"
} |
- How can restaurant dishwashers do a load in a minute or two when it takes our domestic ones an hour or two? | [
"Because they use industrial dishwashers like [this one](_URL_0_) that basically lower a hood over the dishes, blast with high temperature steam then warm water, and done. It's like a power washer, pressure jets, steam, clears the food and grime off very fast."
] | [
"Because you can't wash one load and dry another load at the same time."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do all fluids seem to get thicker as they get cold, besides water? | [
"Your question is based on a false premise. Water does change viscosity with temperature. _URL_0_ It's just that is has such a low viscosity that a shift by 2 or 3x is barely noticeable in most of your day to day applications of water."
] | [
"In order to turn into a gas the molecules held together inside a liquid have to break free to get into the air. This is done by adding energy to the liquid. Heat for instance. The temp needed for rubbing alcohol to evaporate - or boil - is much lower than water, for instance. And the fumes of rubbing alcohol are a... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the comment about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Leaving a room with red and blue light and everything looks green. | [
"In your eyes you have three cone types- red, blue, and green. In your room with the lights your red and blue cones are being used a lot more, meaning they grow fatigued. So when you leave you are temporarily using your green cones predominantly until your eyes readjust."
] | [
"The picture doesn't emit light to hurt your eyes, it's just white/yellow where the sun is in the picture."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why some IPhone chargers are charging my phone slower than others ? | [
"I have two chargers on my desk, one which says 12W and one which says 10W. The 12W charges my phone faster. The more power they are able to provide, the faster the charging will go. Have a look for the power values of the two chargers."
] | [
"My iPhone constantly connects to my Apple Watch and my Bluetooth headphones at the same time."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
how does a video game cd work? | [
"The CD just stores a representation of data, the drive shines a laser onto the CD and interprets the light reflected into binary (look up how a CD works for the hardware info). For a game it simply reads the files from the CD the same way it would read it from a harddrive with one important difference - read speed... | [
"why do mods cringe when people refuse to search the archive?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
How can someone come back after being pronounced dead? | [
"People can make mistakes. Missing a weak pulse is easy, and a low body temperature can actually help keep someone from death in certain situations. There is a saying \"Nobody is dead until they are warm and dead\" due to the deceptive nature of people's recovery from low body temperature incidents. People can look... | [
"Nobody talks about the ones that become janitors."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
How does a touchscreen know the difference between skin and other materials? | [
"It doesn't exactly. A touchscreen like the one on your smartphone works by detecting the change in electric fields when something electrically conductive, like your finger, touches it. It's not based on pressure. Something that doesn't conduct electricity, like plastic, won't change the electric fields so the scre... | [
"Modern touch screens work by measuring changes in the electric capacitance of the screen. They detect when a conductive object touches the screen. Water is conductive, this means that moisture (and droplets) will register as touches. Depending on the condition this can mean that your phone will think you have a f... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
If two people were going to do 15 push ups each and one of them chose to do them all at once and the other person did one push up every minute, how would their muscle growth differ (if at all) and why? | [
"So I'm a surgery resident pretty far displaced from physiology class, but I'll try and give it a go. So muscles are made up of \"fascicles\" or bundles of separate but synergistic muscle fibers, which are basically just cells, really long cells. But not all of the fibers are activated to complete a given action i... | [
"When you lift weights, microscopic \"tears\" form in the fascia of your muscle tissue. This is why you are sore the next day. The way muscles grow is through \"muscle recovery\": the tears fill up with new muscle cells, and the muscle is larger as a result. Think of it like scar tissue. So the answer would then be... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
What is MSG? And why is it so frowned upon? | [
"MSG is a salt of glutamic acid that sets off your umami taste receptors. It is derived from bacterial fermentation, usually. If you like the forward flavors on KFC original chicken or Fire Cheetos, then you like MSG. So, people hate on it for a variety of reasons. * There is a prevailing societal belief that exces... | [
"Just because something is made from vegetables doesn't automatically make it healthy. Heroin is made from vegetables."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why do our teeth chatter when we're cold? | [
"When we are cold, our bodies vibrate our muscles to create heat. Even our jaws, which causes our teeth to chatter"
] | [
"There are a lot of nerves in our faces. Stimulating these nerves helps to keep you awake. This is why you see babies doing this a lot when they are tired and don't want to go to sleep yet."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Dentistry:",
"pos": "Represent the answer about Dentistry:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Can muscles be naturally more efficient and stronger ? | [
"Two things to consider: Strength relies primarily on muscle recruiting. When you are trying hard for the first time, you are probably only firing like half your neurons and thus half your muscle fibers. Most gains at the beginning of a strength training program are made neurologically, as your brain learns to fire... | [
"Typically, they have longer more elastic muscles that enable them to outperform men in flexibility tasks. Women also recover more quickly than men after a bout of exercise. When men gain strength and size, their bodies often develop more fast twitch muscle fibers than slow-twitch muscle fibers."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is looking at a solar eclipse so bad for you? | [
"The sun is bright. Don't stare at the sun. I probably didn't need to tell you that, because if you've ever been outside, you'd already know the sun is bright and your eyes hurt if you look right at it. Everyone knows that, so generally speaking you don't hear the warning \"don't stare at the sun\" very often. But ... | [
"How do you even take a picture of the center of a tornado?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
what exactly is “Sea Foam” made of? | [
"The candy or the natural phenomena. You’ll get different answers. The candy is a caramel/butterscotch that gets baking soda added to it to make it full of holes. The stuff on the ocean is bubbles caused by turbulence In the ocean. When algae break down it gives the bubbles something to stick to making a foam."
] | [
"What do you want to know about them exactly?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
How come when you go “hooooo” the air is cool but when you go “haaaaa” the air is warm | [
"I think condensed gasses cool so when you press your lips together it compresses the air making it cooler. Mythbusters did an episode involving superman testing this."
] | [
"Take a biiiig pull and keep it in your mouth. Then tell me it's tasteless."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Who do governments owe their “debt” to and how is it accumulated? | [
"Governments issue bonds. These are IOUs that pay back the price thy are set at, plus interest at set intervals. Anyone can buy these bonds, and once you buy them, you can sell them too. The US, for example, has 60% of it's debt owned by a combination of the US government, US companies, and US citizens. You probabl... | [
"The same way an individual can be in debt several hundred thousand dollars and not be bankrupt: you make your regular monthly payments to the organizations you owe money. Each year the US spends over $200 billion dollars (about 6% of the whole federal budget) making payments against the national debt. The governm... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How are we able to compact such huge games onto tiny little cartridges/disks | [
"The first situation is that they are not \"such huge games\". After that, its fairly mundane to put this data on various modern storage devices, be it in more compressed formats or not, modern storage coupled with that these games are not actually that big, provide insanely flexibility."
] | [
"Because then the computer's speed would be limited by how quickly the CD/DVD can read the disk. When the game is installed on the computer, the harddrive can be accessed much faster than a laser moving over spinning disk. Edit, furthermore: To reverse your question, why do consoles play games off the disk instead ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why does pretzel making require you give the dough a baking soda bath before baking? | [
"True pretzel making actually requires a lye bath. Lye, however, is harder to acquire and is extremely caustic For that reason most recipes require a baking soda bath, which is far weaker, but gives the same kind of reaction. Both of them are there to give the pretzel its unique outer skin. When the caustic solutio... | [
"You can know that your grandma's bread contains flour, salt, sugar, yeast and water. But without knowing how much of each ingredient to add, you can't replicate the bread she makes - yours might be saltier, wetter sweeter,... and then there's how you ckmbine and prepare those ingredients - do any of them need to b... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why are airlines specific about the weight of bags when the passengers weight vary so much? | [
"Passengers don't usually need to be carried around by baggage handlers. Lifting heavy items is an occupational hazard. There are rules about how much weight a person can lift regularly on the job. Generally lifting over 50 pounds regularly is going to need special equipment or a \"two man lift\"."
] | [
"More weight requires more fuel so there is a cost. Don't forget to consider the weight of passengers, including their seats, food, water, toilets, etc., none of which the shuttle carrier required. Apart from maximum take-off weight, which is limited by engine power, range also comes in to play. Long distance fligh... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How is blood after a transfusion integrated into the body, especially when the transfused RBCs carry different DNA than the host RBCs? | [
"Blood cells don't contain a nucleus and are unable to synthesize RNA (red blood cells don't or at least shouldn't contain any DNA either IIRC). So how its integrated is that once its in the body, as long as it has the proper antigens (A, B, the rhesus factor, or lack thereof) then it will act as a regular blood c... | [
"A and B markers, as well as the Rhesus factor (+/-) are markers on the outside of blood cells that the immune system recognizes. As long as added blood doesn't have extra markers when compared to the original blood, your immune system will not recognize it as being foreign. When the immune system sees foreign bloo... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about biology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about biology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does dark chocolate taste less bitter as i grow older? | [
"Children are more sensitive to bitter tastes than adults are. This helps them to avoid accidental poising in their early, ignorant years."
] | [
"Bitter taste receptors are surpressed by cold. So when you drink a cold soda, you taste less bitterness, so it tastes sweeter overall"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Which tax funded services and benefits do illegal immigrants actually abuse? | [
"the answer to this question is unfortunately dependant on how granular you want to get with \"tax funded.\" for example, roads and road maintainence are tax funded. the EBT system is tax funded. homeless shelters can be tax funded. so again it depends how granular you want to get and what types of things you would... | [
"Regardless of their status, every child in America has a legal right to a K-12 education. There was a supreme court case that makes it illegal for schools to require anything only a legal citizen could obtain (social security number) or inquire about anything that may out their parents as illegal immigrants. Housi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What makes headphones with the same frequency range sound different? | [
"Frequency range is just the lowest and the highest frequency it can respond to. But it responds at different levels to different frequencies. For example let's say an absolute perfect response for a given frequency would be to input a test tone at that frequency at say 10 watts, and for the tone to sound off at 70... | [
"Try out /r/headphones' daily advice thread. Those frequencies are pretty standard, what you want is a good sound signature for rock, the sound signature is how loud each range of frequencies are, you can think of it like an EQ. So if you want a lot of bass, you want a bass heavy sound signature. Besides sound sign... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
How does Jupiter spin faster than earth when it is bigger in mass? | [
"The rate of rotation isn't limited by mass (for the purposes of ELI5). For example, the mass of Mars is about 10 times less than Earth's mass, but the rate of rotation is nearly the same. Pulsar stars can be more massive than our Sun and spin hundreds of times per second. It's the same as if you had a bunch of mar... | [
"Mars is much more hospitable than Venus. Venus is the hottest planet in the solar system. Yes, the gravity is closer, but who cares what the gravity in Hell is like?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is there such a thing as 2 life sentences or over 100 years in prison? I'm sure no one lives that long. | [
"I believe it is just in case one life sentence gets overturned down the line, then there is another to back it up. This ensures that a serial killer, for example, never gets the freedom to murder again as prisoners constantly file appeals for better sentences and even parole or pardons."
] | [
"If they are guilty of multiple homicides and one is overturned, the remaining sentences still stand. In some places, a life sentence can still mean parole after 25 years. It doesn't strictly mean \"you will remain in jail until you are no longer living.\" Someone who commits a double homicide who is then given bac... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Law and Justice:"
} |
If a very small amount of milk drips down the edge of a cereal bowl, why does a ring of milk form around the entire bottom when the bowl is lifted? Shouldn’t it just be where the milk dripped? | [
"Capillary action (sometimes capillarity, capillary motion, capillary effect, or wicking) is the ability of a liquid to flow in narrow spaces without the assistance of, or even in opposition to, external forces like gravity. The effect can be seen in the drawing up of liquids between the hairs of a paint-brush, in ... | [
"When you pour the glass of water, there will be some gasses actually dissolved in the liquid. Oxygen for example, dissolves better as the water gets colder. While you leave the glass sitting the water warms up and the gasses can no longer remain dissolved so they form small bubbles in the water, float to the top a... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do CGI humans still look unnatural? | [
"It's because we're social animals, trained to pick up on subtle emotional queues in facial movements. Faces are the first things in this world that most of us recognize. And it's mostly subconscious. We've been doing it that long. CGI still fails most of the time to get those motions perfect. Maybe the range of m... | [
"Drawing hands are HARD. If you try to draw a hand and it's not perfect, it looks SO WRONG and distracting to people. Instead, they don't even try. Hell, they try hard to make the hands look fake (wrong number of fingers). This way it's so wrong it doesn't annoy people. It's like when robots are made to look as rea... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why do videos/movies sometimes stutter/slowdown during action scenes? | [
"Video compression reduces the amount of data required to stream an image by having periodic \"key\" frames which are transmitted in their entirety, then between them only transmitting the changes between each of the following frames. This works quite well when there isn't much changing between the intervening fram... | [
"A side question that I don't want to create another topic for. Why will a youtube video play and then abruptly end with a ton of time left to go?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
What are the differences between an OBD-II protocol and a CAN setup? | [
"Obd ii is more about setting up universal standards, things like what a certain code means. A p300 code is a random misfire no matter what car, truck or emmision equipped protected it is. Can buss is the network that provides communication between modules. All can wires are a twisted pair of negative and positive ... | [
"Short answer, unless your device has a unique USB serial number (set at the manufacturer), Windows has no way to know its the same device when you change USB Port."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
If current through a wire creates an electromagnetic field doesnt that mean the human body would create one too since the nervous system is essentially just electrons going through thr nervous system? | [
"What has thus far gone unmentioned is that the currents in the human body are not *aligned*. In almost all practical applications of magnetic field generation from electrical current you're not only using much higher power levels than are used in the human body, but you're multiplying that effect by setting up the... | [
"Yes they produce electricity. They have several specialized organs that make up most of its body allowing it to generate both low and high voltages. It produces it the same way every other living thing produces electricity, the difference is size. Your cells are powered by tiny little AAA batteries, an electric e... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about biology:"
} |
why cycling burns more calories while walking is harder & tougher? | [
"It depends on how fast you go. Cycling slowly will burn a lot less calories than walking, and it's the most efficient way of covering distance on smooth terrain. Cycling quickly will burn more calories because you're going a lot faster."
] | [
"Fat doesn't burn calories, muscles do. So when a fit and unfit person of the same weight do the same exercice, the fit person will burn more calories."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Instant death by Neck Breaking | [
"movies are movies. you do not die instantly, however, the hart and breathing stop, your blood stops flowing, in a matter of seconds you black out, in 5 minutes your dead. by breaking the neck, you break the nerves to the body, making it limp, it appears dead. however, it is not instant. even decapitated heads blin... | [
"Bitch grade or non bitch grade, Poseidon decides."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why are petrol engines so quiet compared to diesel ones. Aren't they based on mini-explosions inside the engine? | [
"The difference is that diesel engines work at a much higher pressure than gasoline ones: A regular gasoline engine compresses the air at a roughly 10:1 ratio, meaning that 1000 cc of air are compressed to just 100 cc of air before ignition. A diesel engine meanwhile compresses the air at a ~20:1 ratio, so the same... | [
"Well, i'm no chemist or anything of the sort but here goes: I'm gonna assume we're talking specifically about their use in car engines. The composition (or whatever) makes them ignite for different reasons and under different conditions: Gasoline (or Petrol) ignition is caused by the spark from the spark plugs. Sp... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does blood pressure increase with age? | [
"To control blood pressure the arteries are elastic. However they become stiff with age which means higher blood pressure."
] | [
"Sudden blood pressure change as you get up quickly can make you dizzy and potentially faint as a result."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Health and Wellness:"
} |
If even a small nuclear exchange (say, India vs Pakistan) is enough to put the entire world in a nuclear winter, why did the 2,000+ nuclear tests conducted from the 1940s-60s not create a nuclear winter? | [
"The cause of nuclear winter is not because of the nuclear weapons, but because of the massive firestorms nuclear weapons will cause. Firestorms are absurdly destructive, and send everything they burn into the atmosphere. When you're just detonating the things high in the atmosphere, in deserts or underwater, there... | [
"Be weary of input on this topic. There's a lot of hysteria and pseudo-science being pushed. If people aren't talking about the likelihood of counterforce vs countervalue strategies, groundburst vs airburst, current building codes vs 1945 Hiroshima, current stockpiles vs in the 1980s, etc, don't listen to them. The... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Academics of Reddit, I've seen the words "normative theory", "normative issues" etc. numerous times throughout my reading, yet a dictionary definition has left me no closer to understanding what it actually means. Please explain like I'm five. | [
"A \"norm\" is an idea of how things ought to be or how people ought to act, in a fairly practical way. For example, \"all dogs should be leashed when in public\" or \"police officers should not take bribes\" or \"you shouldn't wear shorts to a job interview\" are all norms. Sometimes, but not always, norms overlap... | [
"I don't think people are moaning because someone used an SAT word, but rather because people are trying to explain things the same way they would if they were in (e.g.) /r/askscience. Many people are asking for help here because they're out of their depth in the field in question (economics, science, philosophy, w... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does electrolysis work in layman terms? | [
"You pull apart an ionic compound with electricity where the ones with negative charges go to the positive side and the ones with positive charges go to the negative side. There they get rid of their charges and return to their elemental form. As eli5 as I could express is ;)"
] | [
"Since it is excreted via the kidneys, prolonged use can result in a condition known as chronic interstitial nephritis. Its a type of kidney disease. Please consult a doctor regarding long term medication useage to prevent possible complications."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
What does 'Cognitive Dissonance' actually mean? | [
"Essentially it's when one's thoughts, beliefs, opinions and attitudes contradict their actions and behaviour. For example: I know that it is bad to eat factory farmed meat. Its unethical on a lot of levels. However, I do not stop eating factory farmed meats. When I think about the fact that I eat factory farmed me... | [
"Can someone explain the difference between Dementia and Alzheimer's, please?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does our pee turn yellow in particular when our bodies are dehydrated? | [
"A yellow compound called urobilin dissolved in our urine is *mainly* responsible for its color. Better hydration leads to more diluted (watery) urine, so it's clearer than if dehydrated."
] | [
"I believe the tired feeling you get is from being dehydrated. Drink water."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How can screaming permanently damage our vocals? | [
"Your voice makes sound because you are pushing air through your larynx, and making folds of tissue vibrate. When you’re screaming, the vibration can be enough to damage these vocal folds. If the damage is bad enough, there can be a fair amount of scar tissue on your vocal folds. The scar tissue won’t vibrate in th... | [
"Yes. While you may be deaf loud noises can still cause both pain and physical damage to your ears."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why is it easier to see neon coloured hats, caps and beanies in the dark, even though there's no light? | [
"There IS light reflecting off of them. If you are in absolute darkness, you can't see at all. Neon colors reflect more light than other colors so they are easier to see in the dark."
] | [
"Instead of the bright lights reflecting off the skin under their eyes, the black paint absorbs the light. This helps them see better in sunny conditions."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What are the differences between Serotonin, Dopamine, Epinephrine, NorEpinephrine etc and their effects on a human mind? | [
"I wouldn’t say those four are the “main” neurotransmitters in the brain, they are more like the special four that have their own unique functions. Glutamate and GABA are actually the two most common neurotransmitters in the human brain, but they are the “basic” ones so nobody really talks about them as much. Gluta... | [
"Moods are caused by a release of chemicals in your brain. These chemicals correspond to different moods. These responses are triggered by different stimuli. We have these reactions, because they encourage us to make the world better and are thus evolutionarily beneficial, this is the reason we feel sorrow in respo... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why are mobile game advertising agencies allowed to use screenshots and gameplay videos that are not from their game. | [
"It's not legal; heck, even just playing a video game and broadcasting it (e.g. a Let's Play video) is not super-legal. But issues of copyright rely on the copyright holder to pursue their rights. You can post content which you don't have the rights to, and until the copyright holder finds you and tells you to stop... | [
"Ads were not always available on mobile devices. When uploading, you could disallow them from being played on mobile to prevent people from circumventing the advertisements being played before their videos."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Technology:"
} |
why does workout sweat smell different than day to day sweat? | [
"I find that for me it is sweeter and less repugnant. It's probably subjective to the person. My guess is that you work out at the end of the day furthest away from a shower and you sweat a lot making it worse."
] | [
"Sweat itself has almost no smell, and tastes maybe just a little bit salty. What makes sweat smelly is the bacteria on your skin and their byproducts. You might want to work on your personal hygiene."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why do you feel like you have no grip strength when you wake up? | [
"I remember reading this in a previous ELI5 > There are two major reasons. Sleeping reduces your heart rate, breathing rate. This contributes to less oxygen in your blood and around your muscles (since you don't need it). So when you wake up, when you want to do something that requires strength, your muscles don'... | [
"Your face is swollen when you wake up from sleeping? You might want to stop sleeping hanging upside down, mate."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Sleep and its effects on the body:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Sleep and its effects on the body:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.