query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Why does the US military and associated branches use a 24 hour clock while the rest of America uses the 12 hour clock? | [
"Military and other institutions need to be precise and are strategic, so by using a 24 hour clock they don't have to worry about confusion with AM or PM,"
] | [
"Most places use the 12 hour clock when speaking, even if they use the 24 hour clock when writing."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
how does squinting help you see better? | [
"Others are wrong. It doesn't have to do with the physiology but on the nature of light and imaging itself. It is called \"resolving power\", and the sig AL to noise ratio increases as you decrease the diameter"
] | [
"No, your vision goes out of focus. Your eyes have to be looking at the same thing for your brain to process the image, otherwise it doesn't really know how to combine them. Source: I typed this cross-eyed. Can't read shit."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How can my jaw move: up and down, side to side, and front to back? | [
"This is because your jaw is not just one joint! Your TM joints (jaw) are considered the most complex in the body. It’s a two for one special joint wise. You have two joints (hinge joint and sliding joint) in your jaw, that work together with cartilage and muscles to allow such varied movement. Even the cartilage i... | [
"Your upper body/head/chest seem to move to the left; this is so that your hips/center of mass will move to the right. Your hips/waist/belly easily counteract the tilt. It is impossible, however, to move your waist to the right quickly without moving your upper body to the left. Does that make sense?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why does sound only come through one headphone if the jack is orientated in a particular way? | [
"A headphone plug is comprised of three contacts, denoted as the Tip, Ring, and Sleeve. Tip is the left ear, Ring is the right, and the Sleeve is the common wire. If you manipulate the plug in the jack you can create a condition where one or more of these aren’t making contact. Most often, I recall, it is the Tip, ... | [
"Probably because you haven't set up your sound system to correctly balance the image. If it's stereo, your speakers are probably too close together and the tweeters aren't pointed in the right direction. If it's surround, it could be a whole bunch of things, but probably because the speakers are too close together... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
How does fast charging work? And why does it sometimes fast charge first try and other times it needs to be replugged in? | [
"So, to start, we have to consider the usual standard: USB 2.0 is designed to provide a potential difference of five volts at a current of 500 milliamps. That's not an awful lot of power in the scheme of things, and that translates to taking a long time to charge. Enter fast charging (called Quick Charge by Qualcom... | [
"No, charging is intelligent in phones. You can leave it plugged for life and it will only charge when it's needed."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
When a company buys out another company how does money transfer? I doubt someone writes a check fir a couple million/billion dollars and hands it over. I've never understood this. | [
"There are two transactions, stock and cash. In a stock transaction the acquired company has their stock converted from the old company to the new company at a negotiated radio. This is great because there's no tax penalty, no income is actually realized. In a stock transaction, the acquiring company purchases sh... | [
"It means without approval from the board of directors (those running the company). When a company is public that means anyone can buy their shares in the stock market. Usually when someone wants to buy one of the companies they'll ask the board to bring an offer to the shareholders. This is easier because the boar... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why does picking scabs hurt so good? | [
"Pretty sure it’d because of the release of histamine by damaged/inflamed tissue. Kind of like an allergic reaction or bug bite."
] | [
"EIL5: Why can't I stop sitting with my legs crossed, even though it hurts my knees, and why does it hurt my knees?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why can my phone last so long on 1%? | [
"The phone doesn’t actually know the exact amount of battery life left in the charge, it just estimates the best it can. The phone reaches ‘0%’ when there is not enough power left in the battery to sustain the applications/background applications/operating system."
] | [
"I don't need a phone to last 5 days. I need it to last 1 full day of extreme use."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does the first patch of pancakes come out spotty and the later batches come out a perfect golden brown? | [
"A combination of too much oil, an unevenly heated pan, and batter that hasn’t “rested” long enough before cooking. Excess oil in the pan causes the first pancakes to not cook nicely. More is not better. Those first pancakes absorb that excess oil while the pan heats up properly, and that leaves a perfect pan for s... | [
"So that they cook evenly. Otherwise, there would be a doughy, uncooked center. With a hole, it cooks from the center at the same time it cooks from the edges."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What are the lights you see when you rub your eyes too hard? | [
"The lights are called deformation phosphenes. These light sensations evoked by deformation of the eyeball, even in total darkness, have been known for 2500 years. When you \"see\" sense cells in the retina are sending messages to your brain. The messages are electrical, you don't need light to make them. When you ... | [
"Why do the glands in my neck burn like high hell when I'm holding back tears?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Health and Physiology:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Health and Physiology:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How come sometimes whenever you're relaxing, you'll randomly hear someone call out your name, even though nobody did? | [
"I am not sure, but I could imagine two possible reasons: & #x200B; 1. You kind of expect to hear your name and are waiting for it. There is something similar with people thinking their phone is vibrating but it actually isn't ([_URL_0_](_URL_1_)). & #x200B; 2. We humans are very good in pattern recognitation, to... | [
"It is the fact that TV becomes a part of the background and the norm. When another sound goes off, it is different and peaks your interest. Next time you see someone asleep watching TV, try turning it off on them. I know that I will instantly wake up and be like \"I was watching that.\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
How do chiropractors crack necks without paralyzing or killing their patients? | [
"Well... There HAVE been instances of chiropractors injuring their patients. From Wikipedia: “The core concept of traditional chiropractic, vertebral subluxation, is not based on sound science.[3] Collectively, systematic reviews have not demonstrated that spinal manipulation, the main treatment method employed by ... | [
"Popping your knuckles isn't a bad thing. Chiropractors are quacks and popping your back doesn't do anything at all."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How harmonious music notes work explained in frequencies. (Hz) | [
"Different notes make the air vibrate at different frequencies. When more than one note is played, the beats of the frequencies will line up and form a specific pattern. Our war percieved this as a harmony as the beats are extremely fast. Most fundamental intervals and chords contain frequencies that are simple ra... | [
"Bodily Kinaesthetic intelligence combined with Spatial intelligence. Sorry for the bland answer."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
What are some basic things you need to know when looking to buy your first home? | [
"You buy the neighborhood not the home. The crappiest house in a good neighborhood is much better than the nicest house in the hood. Be on the look out for basic things, poor roads, any patches in the asphalt that’s shown they’ve been repaired a lot vs replaced. Cracked sidewalks, and drive ways. Litter on the str... | [
"Do you have a specific place or country in mind?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do countries even bother blocking websites if people can easily bypass and access them? | [
"Because : 1. Most politicians don't have any idea about IT topics such as VPNs and proxies. 2. Blocking websites does prevent average users, children and people who aren't technically savvy from accessing them 3. It allows them to look like they are taking action and get political capital, votes from the conservat... | [
"From what I understand, ISP will block access to the websites that are providing copyright infringing links. It will be really easy to work around it though by the use of proxies that connect through ISP that didn't block the website although transfer speeds will drop down significantly. It will really affect ISP'... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why do services like Discord and Skype sound so much better than actually making a phone call? | [
"Because voicecalls use smaller bitrate. Skype and discord calls also lags hellalot more than regular calls. Regular calls rarely ever lags as long as your reception is a ok."
] | [
"This depends on the software used. The program can cancel out the audio it knows it's making, but not all programs do this, especially if they're designed with headset use in mind. I know for a fact that i never get feedback when using skype on my laptop, even if i don't use a headset."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Technology:"
} |
Why does smoke look different after inhaling? | [
"Some of the particles dissipate inside your lungs making it less thick. If you're looking for a scientific explanation in detail I can provide that as well."
] | [
"Because smoke particles are very small. Try burning a turd in your closet."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Do people with fully prosthetic legs have the ability to run for longer periods of time due to them not having muscle exhaustion in their legs? | [
"No, in fact they would get tired faster. The amount of energy it takes to run is still approximately the same because the person still weighs approximately the same. But, now they have fewer muscles to provide that energy. That requires the remaining muscles to work harder."
] | [
"I know I learned this awhile ago, so I hope I'm remembering correctly. Running puts more strain on your body. Your muscles have to contract faster and each steps lands harder putting more pressure on your joints. This can cause more damage to your body over time than more gentle exercises like walking."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why does cracking your knuckles under water seem to amplify the sound it makes? | [
"When you make a sound, you compress the molecules around into waves. These waves hit your ear, and you perceive it as sound. Air is a lot less dense than water, so when you create these waves, a lot of the energy is soaked up by the molecules hitting a neighbouring molecule, kind of like kicking a football into an... | [
"The cracking noise is from fluid (bubbles) rushing into a gap in your joints. These bubbles stay for a certain time, so that's why you can't crack them again. It feels good because the bubbles cause a decrease in pressure/tension. It comes back after a while though. Then you can crack them again. Also, cracking ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
how does "saving electricity" work? /how the grid works. | [
"If you draw more current from a battery you will drain the battery faster. now swap the battery with a powerplant the power and doesn't need to create as much power, saving them fuel and money"
] | [
"you see that search reddit box over there on the right? You search keywords from your question. Such as: \"search for answers about questions\" or \"how does the economy work\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
freezing and flooding rivers | [
"When a river freezes the surrounding land is also cold so you get ice and snow on land so the rain that would flow to the river at a steady rate if it warmer stay frozen on land instead. When rivers start to melt the frozen water that was on land also melt at the same time so the you water from rain and snow that ... | [
"to couple on to the other responses pulling a vacuum on a fridge would cause any container inside to explode"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What is the difference between intermittent fasting and not eating? | [
"Intermittent fast is a very strict eat schedule. Most people do 16 hours fasting and 8 hours eating window at the exact same time everyday. While some would do a 5 day fast with 2 days of loading window. These routines are very important. Unlike not eating where you would just starve at random hours until you real... | [
"> When you don’t eat enough calories, your body freaks out and starts conserving energy and you go into starvation mode. Not really, no. Starvation mode isn't really a thing, it's mostly an excuse people use when they don't diet strictly. As long as you are burning more calories than you take in, you will lose wei... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
“shorting” a market/stock in hopes that it fails and how you can make money from it? | [
"Shorting a stock involves borrowing the stock from someone who owns it and immediately selling it. You then wait until the stock goes down in price (hopefully) and you buy it back, return the stock to the person/entity you borrowed it from, and pocket the difference. As an example; I want to short a stock at $10, ... | [
"Sell when it's high, stockholders may start selling too which can bring down stock price, buy it all back again. Profit."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
why do civilians keep their security clearance but soldiers don't? | [
"As long as you stay in a job that requires it you do keep it, assuming you don't fuck it up."
] | [
"It might not be necessary in certain countries, but with the number of firearms and violence in the U.S., it would be pure anarchy if our police forces did not have firearms. Don't bring a knife to a gun fight."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Does the space have an "outside"? Does it even have a "surface"? | [
"The best simple explanation I've heard is to imagine an ant living on the outside of a ball; the ant can crawl around in any direction without ever reaching a boundary or edge, but the area it can travel is still finite. The surface of the ball is 2D overlying a 3D structure. The Universe we can travel around in i... | [
"They're not trying to \"get through the window\", they're trying to \"get out\". They can't see the difference between an open and a closed window because they don't know the concept of a \"window\". The glass pane looks like \"outside\" which is where they want to go."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why are 12V, 5V and 3.3V so special in electronics? | [
"There's nothing special about those voltages. They were simply what worked best at the time. 12 volts is a good voltage to run a DC motor at for fans and spinning hard drives. 5 volts was the original voltage that almost every integrated circuit used. As the fabrication process shrunk they started using 3.3V becau... | [
"Current can be changed using step up or step down transformers. V2/V1 = I1/I2 So in your case, V1 is 120 V and I1 is 20A, V2 is ? and I2 is 90A... V2 = I1V1/I2 = 20 * 120 / 90 = 26.67 V All sorts of consumer electronics use transformers. Most of the things you have that run off of mains power actually have transfo... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why were prehistoric animals large and modern animals smaller? | [
"The atmosphere had far richer oxygen levels. This had a large impact but also the supply of food if everything was bigger everything could eat more to grow bigger."
] | [
"No, there were mammals as well as fish and of course all sorts of insects."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about biology:",
"pos": "Represent the comment about biology:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
During a siege on a castle, why didn't defenders make more stone walls behind the gate? | [
"Because in the vast majority of cases the construction of the gate defenses was sufficient to discourage an attack. Assaults were exceedingly rare. Really for castle defenders the threat was starvation, not the enemy getting in. Most castles were small, local fortifications, and couldn't sustain a long siege anywa... | [
"The great strength of the wall was not the wall itself, but the guardhouses built as part of the wall. It allowed soldiers to quickly run from where they were to where the enemy was, while the enemy was climbing rough terrain. The guardhouses have line-of-sight to each other and lots of ways to signal. The people ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment about History:"
} |
Why do competitions by radio or television companies ask questions that 99.999% know the answer to rather than just give the money away? | [
"In some legal jurisdictions, games of pure chance are illegal, but games of combined chance and skill aren't. By adding a trivial question, they can turn a random giveaway into a combined game of chance and skill, and thus avoid the prohibition on pure gambling games."
] | [
"Scammers come from all countries including, India, Russia, Nigeria, America, Canada, England, Australia etc. One of the techniques they use is making their scams really obvious except to a few really gullible people. If they made their scam more difficult to detect up front, they'd waste a ton of time on a smart p... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How does condition training work? Like what are you training exactly? | [
"Conditioning training basically works on improving your overall health and condition of your body. So the exercises reduces excessive fat, improves your circulation and lung capacity and basically enables your body to cope with life in general and more extensive exercise in particular."
] | [
"so many variables can affect your performance. Sleep, diet, stress, etc. Depending on the type of routine you are doing you might not be giving your body enough recovery time working out every day."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
What is the difference between mass and weight? | [
"Weight is based on gravity. So its how strong the rock you'reon pulls you down. So your weight would change based on if you were on the moon or earth. Mass is how much matter or stuff makes an object. So its usually measured by putting an object in other matter and using the difference to find mass. So if you hav... | [
"Because in a vacuum a moving object has no resistance acting on it. Clarify the second part of the question please."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why are hands so hard to draw? | [
"Hands are hard to draw because they are a complicated arrangement of simple shapes. Drawing a finger by itself is fairly easy. It’s just a few cylinders and spheres but you still have to get the relationship between all the various “pieces” right. Now multiply that by 5 and add in the palm which is kind of a cuppe... | [
"Why do you have so many lips and chins?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Biology:"
} |
What determines when people can/can't use cartoon/movie footage on YouTube? | [
"If you’re discussing a movie or a TV show and you sporadically show short clips as part of your commentary, it falls under “Free Use.” As long as the content and true subject of the video is your commentary and not the movie or TV show itself, you are legally allowed to show clips. It’s important to note that this... | [
"My question on this that probably goes along with the OP is how is it these companies can claim \"ownership\" and why cant we at a consumer level, just claim our own domain name?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What makes higher frequency eletromagnetic waves more dangerous than lower frequency ones? | [
"It depends on what you mean by low and high frequency. It's an extremely broad spectrum, and more energetic doesn't necessarily translate to more dangerous. The frequency *is* more or less the energy. The more energetic it is, the faster it can oscillate, like a guitar string, and frequency is just a measure of h... | [
"I know nothing about sound but radio and visible light waves both fall under the Electromagnetic spectrum. Radio waves have longer wavelengths and lower frequency than visible light"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Can astronauts use their cell phones to make calls or text? What about the internet? Isn’t all that information going from a cell tower, to a satellite? If so, wouldn’t they get better service? | [
"> Can astronauts use their cell phones to make calls or text? The International Space Station does have internet access. They can make calls or text over the internet/Wi-Fi (like Wi-Fi calling, Facetime, or Skype does), but they can't make a \"normal\" phone call because there are no cell towers. I don't know if t... | [
"Signals can be beamed from Earth to Mars and Mars to Earth, so getting on the internet is technically possible. The problem is that it would be very slow. Earth and Mars can be anywhere from 34 million miles to 249 million miles apart with the average distance being 140 million miles. With the average, it would ta... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage about Science and Technology:"
} |
Why is the magnetic north changing position and why is it happening faster now? Also is the magnetic south exactly in the antipode of the magnetic north or can it be elsewhere? | [
"The magnetic poles are in a constant (albeit slow) state of motion. As the molten core of the earth reacts to rotation, gravitational changes and its own motion, the magnetic field that it generates wanders. Imagine an orange inside its peel. The segments would be roughly representative of the way the magnetic fie... | [
"The compass has a magnet in it that will orient itself to align with the Earth's magnetic field. The Earth's magnetic poles are near (but not on!) the north and south poles, so compasses will point north-ish from most locations on Earth"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
How do engineers determine the height of roads in areas that flood easily? | [
"Civil Engineer here (however, I have not worked on transportation engineering to a significant degree since school). A good starting point is to review [FEMA Flood Plain maps](_URL_0_). Further data can be acquired, as needed. Furthermore, there are State and Federal Design Guides that offer guidance and regulatio... | [
"Does it matter if there is water instead of roads between a number of small towns? We have boats and bridges."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How are proper nouns 'coined' in sign languages? | [
"I had a deaf friend in grade 2, she used to just spell out names in sign language. Or, if you were close to her she would have a nickname sign for you. One I remember was the letter sign for C while brushing your hair behind your ear- for her sister who's name started with a C and who had long hair."
] | [
"It's a feature particular to languages that use the Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic alphabets (and a couple of related alphabets). In particular, Chinese, Korean, Japanese, the Indian and Southeast Asian scripts, and Arabic (and Hebrew) do not capitalize. Having tried to learn a language (Bengali) that does not use cap... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
. Why is it so hard to capture co2? | [
"CO2 is a low energy molecule. Gasoline, for example, is a very high energy molecule. You can light it on fire and it produces a lot of heat energy. There is a lot of energy store in gasoline. There is also a lot of energy in oxygen, O2 molecules. Capturing CO2 isn't super hard, but if you want to convert it into s... | [
"A better question is why would you try this?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why is mercury so dangerous? | [
"Mercury replaces calcium, sodium, and iodine in body chemistry, disrupting the workings of these dependent bodily functions. For example, your thyroid will absorb mercury instead of iodine, it will disrupt your immune system functions. Your body uses calcium and sodium to transfer oxygen through cell membranes, me... | [
"What source says that alcohol is bad for your teeth?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How is it possible for a particle which is quantumly entangled to another particle to "know" at FTL speed about a change happening to its twin? | [
"Here is an analogy: Rotate the tires on a bicycle so that the inner tube nozzles are aligned in some way, such as both of them pointing up. As you ride the bike around, you will have no idea where the nozzles are pointing because you can't see them as you ride. As soon as you stop the bike and measure one tire, yo... | [
"It's sort of an odd question(not a bad one, mind you). Asking why you can't use entanglement for communication is sort of like asking why homeopathy doesn't cure cancer. I need to know why you think it's possible in the first place to really answer you. What I can say, and what the no communication theorem basica... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment about Physics:"
} |
What happens to the bodies of homeless people with no families when they die? | [
"It depends on where the death takes place but it's usually up to the locality. _URL_0_"
] | [
"You ever hear about people donating their bodies to medical science when they die? Now you know why medical science wants people's bodies."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
How does your brain make a mental image that you can visualize but can’t actually see? | [
"Technically every single thing you \"see\" is a mental image. Your eyes do not transmit optical data, they encode the world they observe into electrical signals that your brain then interprets as an image. The same mechanism is in operation when you visualize something that's not there, except instead of getting t... | [
"your eyes do not see color. Your brain sees color. Since closing your eyes does not turn off your brain, you should not expect to stop seeing color (you might, but you should not expect it)."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Psychology:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Psychology:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Science:"
} |
How do cults come to be? How do they become so powerful? | [
"People crave belonging to something larger than themselves to try and give meaning to their existence. All religions started out as cults (still are but that's another discussion). The fear of uncertainty is a major existential pain point for some people, cults with overly charismatic and confident leaders convinc... | [
"Because it was important, especially in the beginning, for them to take on as many trappings of a religion as possible, in order to be able to claim religious tax exemptions."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are humans able to consumer a lot more sugar than other animals before developing any diseases? | [
"Our digestive and endocrine system contain features specifically for the digestion of carbohydrates, including sugars. But actually many species can eat quite a lot of sugar. Consider for example the hummingbirds and the bees."
] | [
"The high sugar and carbonation are very bad for your teeth and bones in addition to causing your pancreas to work overtime in trying to process the excess sugar. Not to mention the impact it has on your weight and therefore overall health. The specific type of sugar (sucrose) is also more difficult for your body t... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why some EU countries still haven’t picked euro as their main currency? | [
"Because using the Euro is not a no-cost/all-benefit prospect. It greatly simplifies cross-border trade and can make borrowing costs much cheaper. However, in the event a country's economic performance, particularly price inflation and its debt load, are out of sync with what's going on in the wider EU, not having... | [
"Yes, it effectively is. Bulgaria has applied to be part of the Eurozone, but has yet to be accepted. Pegging their currency to the Euro is one of the preliminary steps they have to take to complete the process."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
How do Polar Bears and other Polar Mammals manage to survive in such extreme enviroment? | [
"Human doesnt have layers and layers and layers of fat to keep them warm. Human doesnt have a thick coat of fur that protects against the elements. Human hasn't evolved to be a powerful hunter on both land and sea, hunting the little food that is available. Also, > a human would die instantly in just a few hours? ... | [
"Reason # 1 : Food spoils more quickly in hot climates. Spices are preservatives. Reason #2 : Not many edible and spicy plants in colder climates."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do computers make color images black and white? | [
"Let's say that on a scale from 0 to 255 that the RGB values of a pixel are: * Red = 128 * Green = 64 * Blue = 255 Average those three values together and you get 149. So, the black and white value of the pixel would be 149/255."
] | [
"Are you thinking that if you looked really closely at your screen, like with a microscope, you would see the code, and that somehow it makes up the image? Code is just what tells your screen how to make an image. Think of it like this. Your screen has thousands of little empty dishes we call \"pixels\". We can put... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why are most living things made up of water? | [
"This is because in order for an organism to function, trillions of different kinds of chemical reactions need to take place in their bodies. Typically, chemical reactions are very very slow, so slow that living beings can't utilize them. However, one way you can speed up chemical reactions is to dissolve the react... | [
"It means that every cell of our body is made of chemical compounds that use the element carbon. Carbon is a very versatile element that's able to form many different types and shapes of molecules, as well as very long chains. So it's able to form carbohydrates and fats that give us energy, proteins that give our b... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is the currency is some countries that are generally considered to have poorer economic standing more "powerful" than more wealthy countries? | [
"That absolute values of currencies dont really matter, what matters is if they increase or decrease in value compared to other currencies."
] | [
"No, it's not true. The US dollar does get a bit of extra strength due to its use in oil sales, but it's also the native currency of the world's most productive economy and one of the most stable currencies in existence, which is where it gets the majority of its value. If international oil sales started being pric... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why do nurses make more than paramedics? | [
"Where I am it’s a 3 week course to become a basic level paramedic. Nurses have years of schooling."
] | [
"The high prices come from doctors requiring decades of training to even start practicing. Wouldn't you want to be able to make money too? Combine that with the litigious nature of our society and they have to buy malpractice insurance that costs five figures a year. So their pay also has to compensate for that. Me... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What do scientists mean when they talk about the heat death of the universe? Neither energy nor mass can be destroyed, right? | [
"It’s not that the energy is absent, it’s that it’s spread so thinly as to be useless for life. The universe itself is expanding in size, and our current theories state that this expansion is going to get faster and faster. You’re right that matter/energy cannot be destroyed, but it can’t be created, either, so the... | [
"1. It is unclear whether the universe is infinite, though our best guess is that it is. 2. Why do you say that \"we know there is a fixed amount of energy\"? Who is asserting that? 3. Why does an infinite universe preclude a fixed amount of energy? All these points may be moot anyways since energy isn't conserved ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
If AB blood is the universal recipient and let’s say it receives O blood, wouldn’t the A and B antibodies from the O blood destroy the AB blood? | [
"When a patient receives blood they are really only receiving the red blood cells. Other things like antibodies are filtered out using a centrifuge."
] | [
"So, here's where you're getting a little mixed up. For one, the risk in blood transfusion isn't clotting, but rather a hemolytic reaction where the recipient's immune system attacks and destroys the foreign red blood cells. If you were to pour those two containers of whole blood together, each would be toxic. Ther... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about biology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post about biology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
. What is the relationship between congress, the senate and the house? | [
"Congress is comprised of two parts, the Senate and the House. The main difference is how states are represented. For the senate, every state gets 2 representatives. For the house, each state gets representatives proportional to their population. So California, Texas, and NY get a shit ton of house members in compa... | [
"Bicameral doesn't mean two party. Bicameral means that our Congress has two chambers -- the House and the Senate. To answer your question, though, search this subreddit for the phrase \"third party.\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How can some game services (Origin for my case) allow you to play games mid-way through download, before it's complete? | [
"Most of what makes a modern game so huge is the assets, especially graphical ones like character models and maps. So if they have it ordered in such a way where the base game code downloads, along with the assets needed for the first couple levels or so, you can play the game while it works to download the rest of... | [
"I believe all the data simply gets loaded from the disk and stored in the memory of the system, it doesn't have to look for every bit on the disk during the game. It's why you often have to install a game first, while you can just play music directly."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do baseball-sized hail form? | [
"So basically hail forms in what’s called a cumulonimbus cloud, those are the big dark scary looking tall ones that can also produce lighting. They get so tall as a result of up and down drafts, hot air rising straight up, cooling then going back down, hail is when the water molecules come together like a rain drop... | [
"Snow is frozen water foam, if you will. Aerated ice. Freezing rain is liquid and turns into ice on impact with the frozen ground. Hail is frozen rain drops. Sleet is similar to hail, but finer."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why is it important to brush your teeth in the morning, even though you just brushed them before bed, and even when you leave the house before eating anything? | [
"Bacteria forms a protective biofilm on your teeth (tartar). Brushing physically disrupts the film so that you can rinse them away when you wash. But when you're asleep, they have time to remultiply and build up the biofilm again. Normally your saliva has bacterial inhibitors that slow the growth and proliferation ... | [
"The time of the day doesn't really matter. What matters is that you wash your face before you rest. When you're out and about you're more likely to get stuff on your face that's not great for it. If you wash your face and then get a bunch of stuff on it, that will make the washing less effective. Therefore, it's b... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How is the 4th dimension and beyond conceivable? | [
"The human mind can only grasp three spatial dimensions, and we are not able to apprehend rightly more dimensions than those. We can apprehend time as 4th dimension, but we cannot conceive of a 4th spatial domension. But we understand space of fewer dimensions. We get how 2-dimensional space works. We get how 1-dim... | [
"This is something that is unknowable. Our Universe's timeline started with the big bang. Outside of that we can only speculate. The theory I like to believe is that our Big Bang was actually a white hole connected via a Schwarschild wormhole to it's opposite super massive blackhole existing in another Universe. B... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Sea creatures tail-fins | [
"Whales are mammals and came from land mammals. Mammals, unlike reptiles and amphibians, place their legs below their body, possibly because it makes breathing easier while moving. Having legs below the body means the creature ends up walking differently and for that, needs a differently moving spine, that moves ve... | [
"relevant :_URL_0_ hotter or people who exhale more, blood type and particular chemical compmounds"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
is it more beneficial for your body to do 100 push-ups in a row without stopping, vs doing 100 push-ups spread out through the entire day? | [
"Depends on how you define beneficial, to really give a good answer... 100 all at once will help your body prepare itself for bursts of strenuous activity. 100 throughout the day will help your body prepare for far less strenuous activity over much longer periods."
] | [
"Standing in place is actually way harder for your body. The muscles in your lower back are always tense when you stand. Where as when walking, they get relaxed and then tense up again. Imagine doing 20 pushups in 5 minutes. Now imagine doing 1 pushup in 5 minutes (staying low)"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does a camera's shutter sync with plane propellars? | [
"Usually entirely by chance... And it's less of a \"shutter\" and more of a frame rate. If the propeller spins exactly 30 times in a second, and your camera (and screen!) show things at 1 frames per second, it will appear as if the propeller (or wheel, or any other spinning object) didn't move at all after one seco... | [
"* Fixed focus for a known distance * powerful flash for high speed exposure * decent camera * Camera is automatically triggered in such a way that it knows you will be in frame because of the speed of the coaster doesn't change much. The thing that takes so long on cheap hand held cameras is all the automatic adju... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How can someone be 'overqualified' for a job? | [
"Someone who is too qualified for your job is settling. They will leave the moment they have a better opportunity and all the time you invested in hiring and training them will have been wasted."
] | [
"More money is always the answer, but that's not the question. Why this particular job instead of the thousands of other jobs on the job listing site? Why did you apply for this job, what about this job or company interests you? Why are you qualified enough to get this job. etc"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Does playing music on an iPhone with the volume off drain the battery? | [
"Well yes. This is because whatever app you are using to play music, wether is be Spotify or Apple Music or just the normal built in music player it is still running. Even if no audio is coming out, the app is still playing it."
] | [
"Try turning your iPad off. See how many charges you can get while the iPad isn't using any power."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
why is it so much harder to sleep sitting up? | [
"It's fairly easy to take a short nap when you're sitting upright, but once you enter REM cycles or \"deep sleep\", your body tends to lose muscle control. And while sitting upright there's a lot that can go wrong, like falling flat on your face, slumping down the back rest or rolling sideways. Your body is conditi... | [
"As someone who has to stand all day let me tell you its not much better."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why or How is there a helium shortage? | [
"Helium is one of the least abundant gasses in our atmosphere. It is not a renewable resource. Also, it is not captured from the atmosphere, it is found in mines in the earth. Once it is released into the atmosphere it is essentially “lost” and not ever recovered."
] | [
"Are you asking what caused the Big bang? No one knows."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
How can we see things 32 billion light years away if the universe is only 13.8 billion years old? | [
"The answer is that the thing wasn't that far away from us when the light left. The universe is expanding so an object that is 10 billion light years away from us will be even farther away when its light finally reaches us."
] | [
"It's impossible to know for sure if the universe is infinite or not. The *observable* universe certainly isn't, it's only about 90 billion light years across."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about astronomy:",
"pos": "Represent the document about astronomy:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Mathematics:"
} |
why is it that when I'm in a room (say 12x12) with a fan going, facing the opposite wall from me, and I'm in a rocking chair, the sound of the fan seems lower pitch when the chair is rocked forward, and when it's rocked back, the pitch seems higher? | [
"It's called \"Doppler effect\" things increase in pitch the closer they get to you and decrease as they travel away from you. The frequency of soundwaves from the fan increase in frequency as you rock towards it and they decrease in frequency as you rock away. This is because sound travels at a certain speed depen... | [
"The sound you hear from the wind is the wind being picked up by your ears. If you turn your head in a way that your ears don't pick up the wind, you hear the noise a lot less."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do white blood cells recognize 'harmful' organisms to attack those? | [
"Immune cells have receptors that detect something that *shouldn't* be there. Different immune cells have different receptors, such as how macrophages have a macrophage mannose receptor, but others don't. Alternatively, all body cells have a specific protein on their surface that's basically a \"Hi I'm friendly don... | [
"Our T cells are immune cells that react to certain molecules on the surface of other cells. For example, they know what the surface of bacteria looks like, so they bind to it and kill it. Now, cancer cells are cells of our own body. So the T cells just think they are normal part of our body, and do not fight the c... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Medicine:"
} |
why does uh and um come so naturally when speaking? | [
"1st question: I think it's just a thing that is learned when we're babies, really. If someone can't think of a word, or they need a moment to think of what they want to say, then they'll say \"uh\" and \"um\" and a baby will pick that up the same way they would any other word of a language. 2nd question: It is com... | [
"it will roughly sound like: \"and then i stumbled and the bread fell out of my hands into a puddle. she was soaking wet and i had to throw him away.\" but normally you will be understandable. germans are used to foreigners confusing pronouns"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why do most adults want a pillow to sleep comfortably but most babies don't need one? | [
"Babies necks aren’t strong for the first year or so of their lives. Pillows alter the angle the neck sits at; potentially closing the baby’s airway. They don’t have the strength in the neck muscles an adult does to move their head/neck to open it again."
] | [
"There are a lot of nerves in our faces. Stimulating these nerves helps to keep you awake. This is why you see babies doing this a lot when they are tired and don't want to go to sleep yet."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
If people with high incomes (the rich) are taxed at a higher % than a lower income, how come people say these new tax laws only make the rich, richer? | [
"at the upper end billionaires are generally getting richer because _what they own_ is going up in value, not their income per se. that's ownership of companies that are increasing in value and other things. at the more modest upper end, upper middle class / skilled professionals are generally increasing their weal... | [
"Poor people spend most to all their money on the economy and even 40 percent of their wage doesn't do anything for tax revenue. While many wealthier people don't even make a substantial income because their wealth is based off of capital gains(your money makes money for you). You can do it but it's unfairly taxing... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Speed Controlled by Aircraft signs. I assume you're not going to be pulled over by an F-16, so what do these mean? | [
"The way its almost always done is that there's markings (or other landmarks) on the shoulder of the road that are a known distance apart. An aircraft has a great view of traffic, and can time a vehicle between these two markings to figure out its speed. The aircraft will then radio down to a waiting patrol car to ... | [
"Because red zones are for \"emergency vehicles\" and police cars are considered to be emergency vehicles. Also, who's gonna give them a ticket? The police?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
How is the sun on fire if its in the middle of space where there isn't much oxygen | [
"The sun is not actually on fire. The process stars use to make energy is called nuclear fusion. In this process, Hydrogen atoms collide and produce Helium along with vast amounts of energy. Let me know if you want more details. It's actually quite fascinating."
] | [
"Because the things that burn are falling closer and closer to the earth through it's dense atmosphere which causes a lot of friction and heat. Sort of like when you fall from a diving board and belly flop the water, except imagine you were going MUCH faster. The ISS isn't getting closer to the earth and there isn'... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Physics:"
} |
What the differences between coma and persistent vegetative state? | [
"They are similar, but in general a vegetative state lasts for longer and doesn't have higher brain functions. In a coma the body is still actively trying to repair the damage that caused the coma and will generally waken once that repair is complete. - _URL_1_"
] | [
"A coma is a state (I think coma actually used to mean 'deep sleep') in which a patient is unresponsive for more than 6 hours and has limited stimuli and reflex response. There are varying degrees of comatose states and hospitals usually rate and monitor comatose patients with a rating system called the GCS, or Gla... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
why would a company invest 150m$ into a company that isn’t making a profit | [
"Ask the company that invested it in Reddit."
] | [
"because even 0.01% of an oversaturated mobile app market of 50billion is still a butt load of money. and that's incentive enough for a company to try to get a slice of the pie."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does the human body need some common metals in our diet , such as iron, copper, and zinc, but other metals, such as lead, is very harmful to our bodies? | [
"The harmful metals are usually chemically similar enough to the metals you need that they can \"substitute\" in some chemical reactions. But, they don't work correctly in all reactions, so they take a nice chemical cycle that was making your body work and turn it into a dead end that builds up some chemical in you... | [
"Fat is exclusively made from carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen. The body needs more nutrients than that to survive and function properly, elements like nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, sodium, potassium, calcium, iron, zinc, magnesium, etc. are required for the body to work properly. Fat can only provide three of all the ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Science:"
} |
Why was 'E' skipped as a grade letter? | [
"“The F is considered separate as it denotes a failing grade, and does not need to go in alphabetical order. It just so happens that \"fail\" starts with a letter that skips one letter alphabetically on the scale.” _URL_0_"
] | [
"It's used in Scandinavian counties to denote places of cultural significance. It's also the symbol on the command key of a MacBook."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why are prison sentences so different? | [
"If you're charged with multiple crimes as a result of killing someone then the separate punishments for each one is added up cumulatively. & #x200B; So not just the homicide itself but also the kidnapping, and the use of an illegal weapon, and so on. & #x200B; Maybe that other guy was only convicted on one of th... | [
"What's so bad about having something made in Israel?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Do petitions actually change anything? | [
"By and large, they don't make much of a difference. A petition is no real indicator of anything beyond a person's willingness to sign something. It doesn't confer any promise of action, nor any lasting consequence, and not even a guarantee of authenticity. They can hold sway in situations where a decision may go o... | [
"Why is this vote happening and why should I care/not care as someone who doesn't live in UK?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why is the audio quality so bad on a lot of TV shows and movies from the 70's and 80's? | [
"Some of the early TV shows were only recorded on video tape. The quality was limited to the resolution and contrast of the era. Not good. Sound should have been reasonably good, but it would never be mistaken for high fidelity. Other shows with higher budget were shot on film. The resolution was far better than TV... | [
"Slightly unrelated, but my Grandmother watched QVC so much in the late 1990s/early 2000s that the phone number was permanently burned into her CRT tv screen."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why does it feel like I read about "major advancement in cancer treatment" every other year ? It's always something about a breakthrough and a possible treatment "in the next 5 years", but then it's repeat. What's the state of cancer treatment ? | [
"They are having major breakthroughs, cancer used to be a death sentence even for the types we now consider minor."
] | [
"So, often the news announces something before it's been tested, and then when it goes through testing they find that either A) it's actually not working as they hoped and needs to spend more time being refined or B) it's not going to work at all or C) it is going to work, but turns out to be so expensive that no o... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Technology:"
} |
why is a room heated to 65 quite comfortable, but a room cooled to 65 is freezing!?!? | [
"Temperature contrast and adaptation difference. When the room is heating, your body adapted to the cooler temperature, thus it relaxes and your blood vessels slightly expand (they were contracted to lose less heat). When the room is cooling that means your body adapted to conduct more temperature (expanded blood v... | [
"Normally you dont put a fire in an igloo. The purpose is not to make the igloo warm, but to make it not cold. So around -5 to 0 celsius is fine."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
If the moon is tidal locked to Earth why are there craters on the Earth-facing side? Shouldn't meteors only be striking the dark side? | [
"The distance between the Earth and Moon is massive. All the other planets could line up in between the two (not including the diameter of Saturn's rings). That is a LOT of space. Objects can very easily come closer to the Moon, and he dominated by it's gravity, while still passing between the two. You also have to... | [
"Didn't you just ask this question? Anyway: We can only see the *near* side of the moon. The *far* side is what we can't see. The reason for this is that the moon rotates around its axis at the same rate it rotates around the earth, so that the same side of the moon is always facing earth. This is not a coincidence... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Astronomy:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Astronomy:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Astronomy:"
} |
Why do items of clothing that you wear expand/loosen then revert back to normal after washing & drying? | [
"Depending in the temperature of water the coldness (or heat) of the water will make the fibers contract or expand. When your wearing clothes (unless your constantly in somewhere cold like living in a freezer or Antarctic your body temperature expells heat and thus warms your clothes and in turn expands the fibers"... | [
"It can be less to do with dirt and unclean pores, and more to do with hormones. I would go to a doctor, and I suggest changing your pillow cases every night. I personally use a blanket as a pillow (folded up) and unfold and refold it each night, meaning I only need to clean it once every week or two."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
There are various apps that play a sound that they claim stops people from talking by triggering some psychological effect, how does this work? | [
"Please provide a link to a couple of these apps, or at least their names?"
] | [
"I'm pretty sure there's no known physical explanation for that. Maybe when you put your phone next to your head, it's because you're anxious about getting an important call/text, or hearing your alarm in the morning, or checking something as soon as you wake up? In which case, could it be the anxiety causing your ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
What are the clean-cut pros and cons of HBM vs GDDR Memory in graphics cards? | [
"HBR has higher bandwidth, meaning it is faster to access. It's also more power efficient per for the same performance. However it's more expensive, for the time being."
] | [
"There are a few reasons. A bigger memory bus was added to increase memory bandwidth, however, the bigger bus used a LOT of power. Modern GPU/Caching advances have assisted in increasing the memory bandwidth without the need for such a 'wide bus'. Advances in rendering technology has changed this as well. Nvidia an... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
I saw a video of a plane propeller perfectly syncing with the camera and it looked like the blades weren't moving at all. How does that work? | [
"Cameras record at specific frame rate. The propeller is spinning at an RPM that is equivalent to the cameras frame rate so that every time the camera captures a frame the propeller is in the same position and the camera is essentially not fast enough to capture the propeller in a different position. Not an expert... | [
"Looking at the segment as 1:10 I'd say that the camera is mounted on an arm which is connected to the snowboarders helment. Which can rotate freely. Inertia keeps the camera in the same position while the snowboarder spins around. Kind of like how if you stir liquid in a glass it will keep going after you've stopp... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does your house get colder when it's cold outside? Is it problem insulation or air flow? | [
"The actual physics answer is that the bigger the temperature difference between two things, the faster heat transfers. So if you have a cup of hot coffee and you want to add cold milk, it's better to add it sooner than later to keep it hot. It you have a hot house and it's cool outside, there will be less rapid te... | [
"Your house loses heat to the outside based on the temperature difference between it and the outside. The warmer it is inside the house, the more energy will be lost. The more energy lost to the outside, the more energy has to be put into the house by the heater. Therefore, it is nearly always better to turn it off... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do cars have top speeds of 200 kmph and above when the maximum speed limit allowed anywhere in the world is only 140 kmph? | [
"The power isn't nececarily for speed, it is mainly for accelleration (so you pull up faster). (Except for germany, where there is no speed limit)"
] | [
"The double decker busses are designed to move the most people in a crowded city. Busses are stop and go. They cannot exceed the speed limit which in many cities is 30 mile per hour. At that speed or less aerodynamics has very little effect."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Transportation:"
} |
how come sometimes when you use the restroom and you put your foot up into tippy-toes your legs start shaking sporadically oh, and you can't seem to control it? | [
"It is a reflex response, but not a clonus reflex. Clonus is a sign of neurological damage, namely upper motor neurone lesions. Putting your foot on its tiptoes won't give you an upper motor neurone lesion thankfully! It's part of the Golgi tendon reflex. Golgi tendons are small receptors located in every muscle th... | [
"Well my wife and daughter have this fight with me all the time, yes i agree it should be down but only cause no one wants to see gross toilet water and or stains from hard water, but there excuse is because as a women they dont want to sit in a bowl of water if the seat is up and they dont see it, so my retort to ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Health:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Health:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Question about public women's toilets:"
} |
How do your nails grow out without the slightest visible damage being done to the skin beneath them? | [
"The skin under the nail plate grows with the nail, the same way your outer skin is shed as new skin grows, it just grows forward in direction like the nail"
] | [
"The white spots occur if the layers of the nail are not bonded together tightly, so there are little layers of air between them which makes them appear white. The most common cause for this is mechanical damage of the base of the nail (where the nail is produced by your body) or as a side effect of some diseases. ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Biology:"
} |
How does the physical film from cinema cameras get transferred to computers for editing? | [
"Very few movies these days are actually shot on film, they're mostly digital from the start. But for the few that are shot on traditional reel, the film is fed through a digital scanner which itself is a projector with a lens kit that focuses the image onto a CMOS or CCD sensor so that the film can be recorded dig... | [
"Shooting on film has a distinct look. Even after it's digitized, it still retains its filmlike quality. These days, film to digital transfer is done at very high resolutions, such as 4k (4 times the quality of traditional 1080p HD), so the details and nuances of film still exist in the digital world. There are al... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
why most of babies born with a certain eye color change eye color overtime? | [
"A bit of a guess here but I'd assume maybe something to do with melanin? A Google found this link which seems to confirm my theory - _URL_0_ \"Genetics control how much melanin (or pigment) a person will have in her body. The DNA your baby receives from you and your partner determines if her eyes will be blue, bro... | [
"Blue is the iris color with no pigmentation. It's why many babies are born with blue eyes blue eyes but have a different eye color within the first few years of life. Green and brown are simply different pigments that may develop in the iris."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
If oxygen is needed for combustion and hydrogen is explosive, then why isn't water flammable/explosive? | [
"Water is what you get when you burn hydrogen. Combining hydrogen and oxygen produces water and releases energy. To get the water back to hydrogen and oxygen, you have to expend energy. You can do it by running an electric current through the water, for example. Hydrogen will bubble up from the negative electrode, ... | [
"It's actually not the liquid itself that burns. It's the mixture of their vapours and the oxygen in the air that's flammable."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
why does it get harder, for boxers to make weight later on their career. | [
"It's not just boxers that have it rough, as you get older it's harder for everybody to loose weight. You body behaves differently and metabolism slows down. I used to be able to drop 2-3kg (5lb) in a week by just thinking about it, now I need to eat different and it will take me 2-3wks."
] | [
"American football has no minor leagues, like baseball, or soccer, college is important because the better the college, the more tough competition they faced on their way into the pros. however, it might not matter too much because if someone is great in college, they might not pan out in the pros. Just my off the ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How are Time and Gravity related? | [
"Gravity distorts something called spacetime the greater the gravitational pull the greater the effect on time depending upon where you are observing it from - _URL_0_"
] | [
"If magnets are magic, is gravity magic too? Fundamental forces, yo. They run the universe."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What is the US/Mexico doing to fight the cartels? | [
"They're going full police force rather than trying to educate the population about the harmful effects"
] | [
"What do you want to hear more about? The wars in Iraq and Afghanistan? The Israel vs. Palestine situation? The Arab Spring? The recent attacks on US embassies?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why do most animals have exactly 2 nostrils, when it seems like 1 would do? | [
"To better sense the particles we smell, both nostrils have different levels of obstruction, to change how fast the particles flow through the nose. This allows the nose to sense the larger particles that take more energy to move, and the smaller ones which would be pulled into the lungs too fast. Throughout the da... | [
"Well, for one, you're wrong. There are not two-legged and four-legged mammals, all large vertebrates follow the same body pattern: four limbs. The distinction between two and four legs is a cultural one, in many other languages, people would look at you funny for saying that, because \"a dog doesn't have four legs... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
If the Big Bang started at a single point, then why are we surrounded by a layer of cosmic background radiation. Is there a specific direction in the perceivable universe where we can see that the Big Bang started or where this background radiation is more concentrated? | [
"It's a bit hard to grasp at first but at the moment of the Big Bang, everything, including space itself was in a single point. All of the universe expanded out from that point. You can't look in a direction and say the Big Bang happened there, it happened everywhere. Imagine that you have a tiny balloon. Now blow ... | [
"This is the visual representation of the map of remnant radiation left over from the big bang (or shortly thereafter.) It is oval because it is a flat representation of what the sensors recorded from Earth looking outwards in all directions. The areas of higher temperature correspond to areas in the universe (agai... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the passage about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
how in gods good name do modern phones work? | [
"Cell phone signals travel at the speed of light to the nearest cell tower. Then they travel via fiber optics to distant sites. In fiber, the light travels at 2/3 the speed of light in air. So a thousand mile call is delayed by about 0.008 seconds. However, there is more delay than that due to the digital compressi... | [
"i just drop like a sack of potatoes. So if there is such a mechanism i want to ask the follow up question why mine doesn't work?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
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