query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
How can we get a disease through meat if the meat has been properly cooked? | [
"Mad cow disease and some similar brain diseases are spread by prions, which are a form on infectious protein. Prions can survive the cooking process, though for mad cow disease it is generally found in brain and spinal tissue not muscle."
] | [
"Any meat can be eaten rare so long as it has been raised properly and isn't ground."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
How are digital maps (google maps, Apple maps) able to assess and display live traffic conditions? | [
"They use location data from people's phones. If a bunch of iphones are moving slowly down the highway, Apple knows there is traffic there."
] | [
"Stand alone navigational devices that use GPS only need the GPS signal because they have the maps stored inside the device. Map applications need the network connection to load the map data from the internet to provide context for your GPS location (though Google and others now allow route caching for travel)."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
How exactly does "remastering" a game work? | [
"There's not really a clean cut and were to this. The general consensus is that a remaster is , yes, just slapped on HD textures. There are also \"remakes\" which are thought of as a complete redoing of a game that isn't always 100% the same as the original. There are also games like Crash and Spyro that were made ... | [
"Because they weren't written for it. Though they appear similar, computers can be as different as consoles as time moves on. What you're asking is akin to \"Why can't I play Playstation 1 games on my PS4?\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What are the redtail hawks that live on my property trying to tell each other when they start squawking back and forth? Are they checking in with each other? Telling them they saw prey? Or just gossiping in bird talk about their day? | [
"According to the [Birds of North America website](_URL_0_), the hawks' nesting/mating season is about to begin, so... Realistically? A good amount of that chatter is probably some hawk booty-calls."
] | [
"Depends on the time of year and the type of bird. They tend to become more active at night, because they are heading towards their nest and settling down. But they get louder because they are doing a variety of things. They are trying to attract mates, call home mates, sometimes sharing food, and other times tryin... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do planes only leave a trail when they're high in the sky? | [
"Sometimes, planes leave contrails when they're high in the sky and sometimes they don't. It is very localized and comes down to the weather at the altitude including things like the humidity with respect to ice. For example, a plane might leave a contrail in one place and not another. NASA even has a forecast pa... | [
"because when you look out the window while flying 30,000 ft in the air the stuff on the ground you are looking at is really far away. Because it is so far way the things you are looking at do not change their relative position too much, trust me if you were flying between the skyscrapers of NYC at 900 km/h you wou... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
How do scientists create materials with specific properties outside of random chance? | [
"Retail pharmacist here, but just going off of what I learned from chemistry classess... At the atomic level, you can look at the periodic table and know all the elements in a column will have similar properties due to the electrons in their specific orbitals. Now look at a slightly larger scale of putting groups o... | [
"Nanotechnology can create materials with unique properties, because the very material itself can be manipulated in the finest meaningful detail. With regards to water, these molecules could be designed to say purify or efficiently transfer water based on the design."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
When to use who vs whom | [
"Whom is an object whereas who is a subject. It's just like he/him and she/her: \"He is tall\" vs \"That is him?\" is analogous to \"Who is tall\" vs \"That is whom?\""
] | [
"Use a semicolon to join two clauses in a sentence if they are related. See the top voted answer here _URL_0_ Talking about the apple mac monitor stand; it seems to be a waste of money. Those two ideas would not be correct sentences on their own."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Grammar:"
} |
If the constitution is such an important document, why is it constantly attacked by people hired to protect it? | [
"Not sure I fully understand your question but it may help to explain that people have wildly different political views, and their interpretation of the constitution varies. Even with things like federal judges and supreme court justices, they have differing opinions on how to interpret the constitution as it relat... | [
"Because we are supposed to be in charge of our government, not the other way around. Our constitution grants the government very limited power. Attempts to reach beyond that are interpreted as affronts to our freedom. Our basic right to liberty literally means to be left alone. A government snooping into every ema... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
how does Bluetooth work? | [
"Bluetooth is a type of radio. The radio has very low power, so it only goes a small distance. There is a protocol for use over the radio, like the internet protocol used over wifi. This protocol covers things phones do, like make calls and relay sounds. The same protocol supports headphones, with or without a micr... | [
"Bot explained how bots work. Thank you Internet."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why colors change the deeper in water we get | [
"Colours that you perceive are actually the wavelength of light that has been reflected. So if your shirt is blue, it actually absorbs all the colours except blue, which is reflected and picked up by your eyes. So when you get deeper and deeper under water, the larger the volume of water you have between the surfac... | [
"It's all based on the facts of what kind of light the produce and how they interact with objects around them"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Science:"
} |
why do artificial sweeteners have a disgusting bitter aftertaste? | [
"It’s because of how your personal taste receptor genes interpret the sweetness or bitterness. That’s why it’s not nice for you but lovely for me. We have different taste gene variants. But different sweeteners effect different receptors so there may be one out there for you. Also one study did show that if you c... | [
"Most things have a flavor. The only things that have calories are carbs, fat and protein. Those drinks don't have carbs, fat or protein and contain other substances that have flavor like xyritol or aspartame. Go ahead a find a penny and lick it. Zero calories."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
How can CBD be an anti-psychotic, if it is not psychoactive? | [
"It is psychoactive, just not particularly strongly at the cannabinoid receptors. It's found to have effects at several receptor systems in the brain."
] | [
"You know ibuprofen? That's an anti-inflammatory drug. CBD (another name for hemp extract) is also an anti-inflammatory drug. When you take an anti inflammatory, the inflammation chills out and the nerves stop sending hurt signals. Less swelling/pain. With Ibuprofen and similar anti inflammatory drugs, consistent ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
when someone dies, is he or she dead when the brain stops functioning or the heart? | [
"Brain. The world has some kinda of sick fetish with the heart but it has nothing to do with emotion or conciousnes."
] | [
"The death isn't immediate - what you're seeing in a movie is just that - just a movie. Until the brain is starved of oxygen and eventually shuts down, you'd still be alive."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
How is it that microcontrollers "flip a switch" say to turn on a LED, while running a program? | [
"You gave the answer in your post: transistors. The IO pins of a microcontroller are connected to transistors. The gates of the transistors are driven from another part of the microcontroller. For example, for AVR microcontrollers, that are commonly used in Arduino boards, setting the state of an output pin is actu... | [
"It'll be drawing enough energy to run the wifi card and microprocessor whenever plugged in, but will draw more power to run the light when switched on."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
why does a house that is Air Conditioned to 70 degrees feel different than a house that is heated to 70 degrees? | [
"A house air conditioned to 70F (21C) is typically 9-27 (5-15) degrees colder than the outside, while one heated to 70 is typically 70 degrees warmer than the outside. It's more the difference between what you're used to inside vs. outside than anything."
] | [
"In most cases \"hot in winter\" in far colder that \"hot in summer\" With the heater on and the fireplace on, the temperature will be between 25 and 30°C. In summer at 2AM, you're fine if it's only 25°C you have a problem when it's 40°C"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
How are forensic scientists able to know how long a body has been dead for? | [
"It's an equation that takes into account at least for early discoveries (within a day tops) Temperature of the body Temperature of the environment Rigor Mortis. Suggilation (the \"line\" of the pooled blood. After this it becomes a measure of decomposition, which is studied in \"body farms' Presence of insects, la... | [
"Lack of DNA The 'shelf life' of a DNA strand is very short compared to how long ago the dinosaurs lived."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How is it possible that the world collective debt is bigger than world collective wealth? Can't we just annul all of the debt that shouldn't be there and go on? | [
"I think that debt IS wealth. If you got rid of the debt, it would remove all the wealth, because the wealth is made up of receivables. That’s one reason why you wouldn’t get a lot of support for this idea from the wealthy."
] | [
"Ultimately I don't think it is. There are some very good posts dotted around reddit abut this kind of thing. It essentially boils down to the phrase \"Money is worthless unless backed by debt\". Take for example a mortgage. The bank loans you, let's say, $200,000. They literally create this money out of thin air. ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Apart from "building credit" what are advantages for credit cards? | [
"Depending on the card, you can get rewards like cash back or credit towards travel. Also allows people to buy something they may not be able to afford immediately, by essentially financing the purchase and creating a payment plan (for better or worse)."
] | [
"there is no benefit to carrying a balance. and even if there were, it still wouldnt make logical sense to pay money to improve credit. good credit should save you money. make purchases, always *ALWAYS* pay it in full. On time. your score will rise quickly. Unfortunately the score is only 1 aspect, they also look a... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why do some foods (looking at you, spaghetti) permanently stain Tupperware while others seemingly don’t? | [
"Spaghetti, or any tomato sauce has a compound called Lycopene in it, which is a red pigment related to beta-carotene. It is insoluble in water and tends to get stuck in porous things. Since plastic is porous at the microscopic level, Lycopene gets stuck inside and makes it difficult to remove."
] | [
"It adds moisture without making things soggy so they don't dry out"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Food storage:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Food storage:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is it called Alternating Current and Direct Current instead of Alternating Voltage and Direct Voltage? | [
"Both are entirely correct, as the voltage change is what drives the current change. Back in the early days of electricity, it seems more members of the public understood the notion of current."
] | [
"No. It goes from positive 120 volts to negative 120 volts at 60 times a second. Neutral stays at neutral."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
What exactly is 4chan? I know that it’s a forum board but all my friends say that i am too “sweet or pure” to go there. What is it about that site that would make them say this sort of thing. | [
"4chan is a place that shows us who we really are without the nuisance of society or political correctness"
] | [
"It just inflates their Internet ego that has no value at all and never will. A lot of people use reddit as a hobby though and enjoy telling tales and other things. It isn't much different than telling a bogus story to someone else in real life, if some people enjoyed it then it really isn't that bad. I spend my ti... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How does diabetes work on a cellular level? | [
"Really rough and basic: imagine your cell has a lock on it. Insulin is the key to open that lock. Depending on whether you have Type 1 (little to no insulin production) or type 2 (insulin cannot recognize the key hole and thus can’t let the sugar (glucose) into the cell), the sugar builds up in your blood and caus... | [
"Your teacher is an idiot. Talk to a doctor about the best way to beat a type of cancer. That being said, a diet high in vegetables and low in red meat would lower your chances of getting cancer in the first place."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
How do pimples form? | [
"Dirt and dead skin gets trapped in your pores, and oil builds up, forming a pimple. Sometimes this gets infected, causing the pus to build up."
] | [
"You can certainly get pink eye that way."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why can't a phone connect to multiple speakers via bluetooth? | [
"It can--there are some new technologies out now that allow it, but only with certain hardware, and the new Bluetooth 5 spec appears to allow streaming to at least two devices at once. We're getting there!"
] | [
"My iPhone constantly connects to my Apple Watch and my Bluetooth headphones at the same time."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
How come some games have great aiming or sluggish aiming and in a similar fashion, how come input lag is a thing? | [
"I'm not entirely qualified to answer this, mostly because I don't know the game feel of the specific shooters you're referring to, but because you're comparing the game to something far older, have you considered if your television is a factor? Modern TV's, especially if they aren't set for gaming mode, can have v... | [
"there are a couple reasons, but some games tie mechanics to FPS. Its lazy programming, but for example in dark souls 2 weapon degradation is based on frames that your weapon is in an enemy, so theres a bug on PC where your weapons degrade twice as fast because 60 fps. A lot of game tie various elements of their ph... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment about videogame development:"
} |
What really causes airplane turbulence and is it combated by the pilots ability? | [
"Airplane turbulence is caused by... turbulent air. Certain weather systems or a plane going through the same area just minutes before can cause turbulent air. And no, pilots usually cannot do a lot once youre in turbulent air. You can try to avoid it, if youre know beforehand that its there, but once youre in, you... | [
"They can try to fly around it or change altitudes to fly below or above it, but that's not always possible if the airspace is crowded or the area of the turbulence is too large to avoid. Otherwise, they just fly thought it. Turbulence isn't a danger to the plane so avoiding it is for passenger comfort; avoid it if... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why does Pykrete have the physical properties that it does? | [
"Composite materials are strong. Combining a brittle substance with a flexible one yields a strong material that can be much stronger than either material alone. Wood fibers add flexibility allowing the material to have some ability to bend and return to it's shape, like the rebar in concrete. The combination of w... | [
"Water also expands as it get hotter. However, due to an odd quirk of physics, the liquid form of water at 0 C takes up less space than the solid form. This is not true for most substances, water is one of the few exceptions."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post about Chemistry:"
} |
why are diamonds so tough? | [
"It's the molecular structure that makes diamonds so tough. Diamonds are made of carbon atoms linked together in a lattice structure. Each carbon atom shares electrons with 4 other carbon atoms, forming a tetrahedral unit. This tetrahedral bonding of 5 carbon atoms forms a really strong molecule."
] | [
"why do we yawn when we read about yawning?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do fire engines change traffic lights when they hit red? | [
"If you look at some traffic lights, you can see a little sensor by the lights, the fire truck has a strobe light that triggers that sensor and causes the light to switch."
] | [
"Most first-responders want to be the least amount of disturbing possible. In cities usually they only put sirens on when approaching an intersection so people that can't see the lights are aware of them coming. When lights are enough, why bother destroying everybody's eardrums?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What are Carbon Credits and how do companies use them to offset their carbon footprint? | [
"One steam plant in NC releases 1000 pounds of pollution per day. The other plant in the same company on the other side of the state releases 300 per day. The limit under the carbon exchange is 1000 per day, per plant. The NC company can sell its credit of 700 to another company so they can over-pollute and stay ‘c... | [
"Two main ways: - They charge you fees and interest to do your banking and loan you money - They invest their own money, as well as their clients' money, in everything from stocks and bonds to foreign currencies and venture capital."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What is a movie producer and what exactly do they do? | [
"They are basically the one who is getting the movie made. They find financing for the movie. They aren't necessarily doing any work like screenwriting, directing, or acting, though sometimes people who are \"producing\" the movie also have these roles."
] | [
"Producer: They are the CEO of the movie. They helm the ship from idea to distribution Executive producer: They are the CFO of the movie. They manage the accounting and finance for a production company, independent financier, or contribute the money themselves. Line Producer: They are the managers of the movie. T... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why was the prohibition introduced as an amendment to the constitution, not as a regular old law? | [
"It has to do with the federal government's powers. The powers of the federal govt. Are specifically defined and technically does not have the power to do (in a law) what the amendment did. Hence the amendment, expanding what the federal government was allowed to regulate and make it country wide."
] | [
"Amendments are exactly that. They were items not in the original wording of the Constitution but the country thought them important enough that they were amended to be a part of the Constitution."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about History:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about History:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
How do speed radar work and how do they exactly focus on your license plate and send you a ticket home? | [
"It sends a radio signal at a determined frequency to the vehicle. That signal bounces back and thus has its frequency altered via the Doppler effect of the moving vehicle. The frequency gets compressed, the computer measures the difference in the wave length it originally sent, and the one it ultimately received b... | [
"Once a radar detector detects anything it's already too late since it only alerts you to detection and does not stop you from being detected"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why do professional painters wear white? | [
"I used to be a painter and my boss explained to me that it looks more professional than just wearing some old mix and match clothes that you don't care about messing up. They are also easier to clean because you can soak them in bleach for hours."
] | [
"They are work clothes. I'm sure they probably have different ones they wear when they need to be in a sterile environment. Do you wait until you get to work to put on your work clothes?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why does bath water seems so hot when it’s usually body temp? | [
"That's because you body is usually on room temperature, also your body temperature varies (if you ever say those movies where they show infra-red vision) - its naturally coldest on the outside. (Which is why if you stick a finger in your mouth, it feels warm)...I digress. So you feel warmer when you are in a bath... | [
"The temperature of water relative to your body temperature vs the temperature of water relative to what you perceive as cold drinking water. Another example would be getting into a pool of \"cold\" water. The water may only be 60 degrees, which is cold when you submerge yourself into it, but you would not think it... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph about Science:"
} |
why do people get random long white hairs, that are easy to pull, and that are only noticed once they're 2 inches long, in strange spots on their body? | [
"This was the only answer I found that seemed somewhat biological. > My understanding of this is that the hair follicle somehow becomes damaged. What “stops” hair from growing is that they follicle goes through cycles. > In this damaged follicle, there is no “off” to the cycle, so it continuously grows. Additiona... | [
"I can't remember right off the top of my head, but it has something to do with that we have different colored hair all over our bodies and where certain hormones go to first in a person's life. I remember reading about how when a woman gets pregnant, and I've seen this in person, they get a dark line of skin and ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why does it physically hurt to hold in tears when you’re sad? | [
"I’m sorry, I know this doesn’t answer anything, but you can hold your tears in? I don’t care how painful it is, I need to learn how to do this!"
] | [
"Because it helps to take your mind off of the embarrassing thought. I do that a lot when I'm hung over."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How do machines that separate ripe fruits from raw ones work? | [
"It varies depending on the fruit and the machine. In the case of tomatoes, there is a machine with camera banks that take color samples from them as they fall, and judge whether they are ripe based on how red or green. Any that is unripe is hit with a paddle and removed from the line. In the case of cranberries, n... | [
"Machinery and people. Metal is the easiest to remove and is done using powerful magnets. Paper, glass and plastic are more difficult to separate because they are fairly similar - none of them have a unique property that enables effective sorting (like magnetism). Some can be separated because it sinks in a river-l... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Do they keep foods heated instead of refrigerated in colder climates? | [
"Most houses up there are heated, so the freezer and fridge are still necessary. Most of the time the room temperature isn't going to be the same as the ambient temperature outside. If the fridge is outside for some reason then any food in it will definitely freeze."
] | [
"Hot and humid conditions speed the growth of bacteria and speeds up decay. Cold slows those processes. The same way food doesn't spoil as fast in a refrigerator or freezer."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why mens handwriting, generally, is aesthetically worse than womens? | [
"Women tend to have smaller, more dextrous hands than men, which could lead to physical advantages in handwriting. I've heard/read that they tend to practice their handwriting more frequently growing up, as well. However, there isn't a very large difference between the two. A study set out to determine if people c... | [
"Because anything \"feminine\" is considered degrading to men. Sexism hurts men too."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do owls heads turn so far, what are their bone structures like? | [
"They can do it because the muscles and tendons allow it to stretch that far. The main reason we can’t is because we would stretch or break the arteries in our necks. And cut off blood to our brains. So our muscles stop at a certain safe point. Owls have much roomier tracks for the blood vessels and arteries to sl... | [
"They're brains are pretty small and their bodies pump their heads with lots more blood which cushions against impacts. It's called the bubble wrap effect. They also have very dense, strong bones in their heads."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How and Why so many men go Bald? | [
"Correct me if I'm wrong but I thought we do have an answer to why we go bald and it relates to how a man responds to a hormone known as dihydrotestosterone."
] | [
"What's to explain? Why we have it? How it works?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do dancers count by 8? | [
"My understanding is that most music is written if 4/4 time (Four beats per bar), so the music (And more specifically, the rhytm) is separated into these 4 pulse units. Since 4 beats are rarely enough to complete a given \"step\", dancers will instead spread each movement over 8 pulses, or two bars. You'll find whe... | [
"Most of the choreography you see is a combination of named steps and moves. When you are in basic dance classes you learn these basic steps by watching and imitating a teacher. You learn the names of specific turns, leaps and steps, and then ad you become an advanced and professional dancer you can read instructio... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are we often waking up one minute before the alarm? | [
"because you always wake up around that time. if you stop that regular pattern, you lose the auto wake function, its very buggy and no longer supported with updates."
] | [
"Because you are waking up in the middle of it. If you have someone wake you in the middle of normal dreams you remember them better too."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
why are big lumps of coal left as memorials to mining not a fire risk? | [
"Coal doesn't burn well in normal conditions. It's very energy dense, but not very flammable. So once you get it hot enough, it'll burn hot for a long time (Which is why it's so useful). But it won't ignite easily like wood or paper. Charcoal (The partially burned remains of wood) is similar; you'll find glowing ch... | [
"we mine FUCKLOADS of gold today. its just not a big deal because we put in basically all technology. Also, we dont use it for currency and our economies are not dependant on it to value our monies. Theres still plenty of gold coming out of mines, its just no big deal anymore. Its still a big export from countries ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why is a male contraceptive pill not yet available? | [
"Another thing to remember is how much it has to do. A female pill has to de activate 1 egg in the span of 3 weeks. If things get a bit funky it has more than one shot. A Male contraceptive has to neutralize tons of sperm each day with 100% efficiency. It's like shooting a deaf elephant compared to shooting 10,000 ... | [
"It has not completed the clinical trial process (in medicine, the clinical trial phase can take 5-7 years) and longterm effectiveness and safety of the medical device has not been proven to the satisfaction of Health Canada. Also, the makers of RISUG never even tried to apply for Canadian approval, and it's not li... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
There is a lot of information on the internet about how the Federal Reserve is bad. What is the well-intentioned argument in favor of the Federal Reserve? | [
"They are the organization responsible for stabilizing the US economy, and they usually do a pretty good job of it — ensuring that we go for years at a time without excessive inflation or deflation, so that people can focus on doing their jobs and running their businesses, without worrying that the economic system ... | [
"It depends on what it were replaced with. The Federal Reserve System is what the United States of America uses for a central bank. You can't *not* have a central bank. The role the central bank plays in a modern economy is not an optional one. So you could \"end the Federal Reserve\" if you wanted, but the consequ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How does 'targeted' pain relief work? | [
"It doesn't. Your original assumption is correct. However, specialized pain relievers are marketed as having specific functions that act by reducing the cause of the ache, such as migraine medication that influences brain chemistry to reduce symptoms."
] | [
"Follow-up question: would suppressing your immune system with sleep deprivation and binge drinking improve your symptoms?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
what are electrolytes, why do they keep us hydrated and how do they add more to sports beverages? | [
"Electrolytes are salts. Namely ones that have Na and K. Keeping a certain level of salinity in the fluids is essential for moving water into your cells. The basic concept be is called osmotic pressure. You could probably find a YouTube video to explain it better than I could here."
] | [
"They don’t use salt cubes to stay hydrated, they use them to replenish salt lost through sweating. Losing too much sodium can result in muscle cramps, or even heart problems so endurance athletes have to keep an eye on their levels."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does soap make water bubbly? | [
"A bit of basic chemistry here. A soap molecule has a part that \"likes\" water and an end that doesn't like water so much. What happens is that all the soap molecules arrange them self in a way which traps a thin lay of water between them in a double soap layer. Imagine 50 people lying on the ground shoulder to sh... | [
"You tongue can detect different tastes. It detects salty, sweet, sour, bitter and umami. When you brush your teeth, the toothpaste becomes foamy. The foam is made by a chemical called sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS). SLS makes lots of foam and bubbles that make your teeth feel clean. SLS makes your sweet taste buds s... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why is having perfect vision called "20-20 vision"? | [
"It means that you can see at 20 feet away what most people can see at 20 feet away. 20/15 vision for example means that at 20 feet away you can see what most people can see at 15 feet away (meaning you have better vision than normal)."
] | [
"You're mistaken. Glasses can make you see better than 20/20. Easy example. With my glasses, I test better than 20/20."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
How do clouds keep together? | [
"Don't think of a cloud as an object, think of it as a region of air where certain conditions (temperature, humidity) are met. If for example temperature decreases as you get higher up, then at some point in that smooth continuum it will get cold enough for water to condense, and then you cross into the cloud regio... | [
"If magnets are magic, is gravity magic too? Fundamental forces, yo. They run the universe."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Meteorology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage about Meteorology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why do oil changes come with a length of time along with the mileage (ex. 3 months/3000 miles)? | [
"If your wife's car genuinely sits unused for long periods of time you don't need to worry much about the oil, you can change it at the mileage frequency without doing any damage. Oil does break down and get sludgy over time but that time is several years. If your wife's car doesn't hit the mileage because it is on... | [
"Read the fine print on the deal. \"Maintenance\" likely refers to a few oil changes, tire rotations, and wiper fluid filling, and even then only up to 100,000 or 150,000 miles. They won't be covering total engine rebuilds when the car has 287,000 miles on it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
why do so many cities' downtowns have one way streets? | [
"Left turns across traffic are dangerous and slow things down behind them. With one way streets, no one has to cross oncoming cars."
] | [
"It's mostly in cities, you walk to the corner because corners are easier to find than driving down the real street slow looking at all the business fronts trying to find the number. Cities are often laid out in a grid here, so there are LOTS of intersections. However I live in the mountains now, and we don't do it... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How are there Damascus steel knives if we don’t know how to make it? | [
"We do know how to make it and actually can make better with modern processes. This is one of those yarns about ancient technology being mysterious and better. Total BS."
] | [
"We uh... still do? 1 - It's shiny. Humans like shiny things. 2 - It's rare. When you only have a little bit of it, every piece is more valuable! 3 - It doesn't go away. Silver and Gold don't corrode quickly and last a long time. 4 - They are easy to work. Silver and Gold are softer metals making them useful for th... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
What makes a vowel a vowel, and a consonant a consonant? | [
"Vowels are the sounds that come from an open airflow - the air is going through your throat and out your mouth, and the only thing affecting that air is the shape of your mouth, positioning of your tongue, etc. Consonants are created by interrupting that air in some way and closing off part of the vocal tract. Air... | [
"Whether you use \"a\" or \"an\" is determined by if the sound of the first syllable of a word is a consonant or a vowel, not if the first letter of a word is a consonant or a vowel. Most of the time the two will be the same, but sometimes (particularly with words that start with \"h\") the consonant is silent and ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
why do you have no service/internet access when you are in the middle of a phone call on your cell phone? | [
"That doesn't happen to me, you might need to talk to your service provider, or have your phone checked out."
] | [
"If it has no signal at all then it can't. However, if it has signal for another network then that other network will allow you to make an emergency call even though you're not a customer."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
What is the relationship between resolution, frame height and width, data rate and file size? | [
"Compression. Video data is ginormous: a single frame of 1080p video is ~6MB. That's 144MB per second. To make streaming (or anything really) possible video has to be compressed, at lot. There exists many different video compression algorithms, but they all allow you to set a target bitrate. The algorithm will t... | [
"4K will presumably have a higher data rate resulting in a better quality picture. Remember there will be artefacts due to the lossy compression used in both cases. Assuming the same level of artefacts, 4K (2160p) will look better than 1080p because the artefacts will be half the size. There are a bunch of complexi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why are sushi pieces so large? | [
"Are you eating sushi in Japan? I'm surprised this is an issue if you are."
] | [
"Fresh vs. Frozen - was it alive this morning? The Chef's reputation and experience - you're buying his car! The ambience isn't free, if you're having sushi at a Chinese buffet, it's mostly fake crab and Thai illegal immigrants doing the work. The exact kind of fish! You're not going to find supermarket fish at ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
How does flash photography degrade paintings/artwork? | [
"You know how things fade when you leave them in the sun for a long time? A flash is exceedingly bright (although short), so all those flashes hitting the paint will cause it to fade too eventually. EDIT: Here's a response from elsewhere in the redditverse from someone actually in the field of preserving art. _URL... | [
"A different chemical process is used to create sepia toned images. Some people liked the warm look. Also, the resulting image is more stable and less susceptible to fading, so it is better for archival purposes."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
About 17%-35% of the population experience Photic Sneeze Reflex (Sneezing when exposed to bright light). What Causes this? | [
"Cross-talk between nerves from the nose and eyes. When a sudden and sufficient increase in light hits the eyes, the signals get interpreted as an irritation in the nose and a sneeze is triggered. I have it and it's fucking annoying."
] | [
"I looked and found this NASA training guide for RF Awareness. Inside it mentions that a sign of over exposure might result in a metallic taste in your mouth. The other symptoms they include are Confusion, Vertigo, Headache, Blurred vision, Overall nauseous feeling, Body heating (Heat Stress), and Shocks and burns.... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
when you're hit in the head, how does your body determine if its hard enough for you to pass out or not? | [
"> I feel like TV makes it seem like every hit on the head knocks you out for quite awhile That is just movie magic to get characters out of the picture for a while, to thrust them into situations they otherwise wouldn't have allowed, or to let a character remove a threat without killing them. It isn't medically ac... | [
"You can knock people out by hitting them over the head, but it's not like in movies. There's a pretty fine line between knocking them out and causing permanent damage, and it's not like they're out for hours so you can stuff them in a cupboard while you go off robbing the place. People that are knocked out from he... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Biology/Medicine:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Biology/Medicine:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Biology/Medicine:"
} |
Why does water stay stationary in a bowl? | [
"It is Newton's First Law of Motion: \"In an inertial frame of reference, an object either remains at rest or continues to move at a constant velocity, unless acted upon by a force.\" When you turn the water tends to remain at rest. The walls of the cup turn and friction drags some nearby water along too, but the c... | [
"If you take a paper cup and make a small hole in it near the bottom with a pin and fill the cup with water, you will see the water come out the hole. Now make the hole kind of pointing up and try again. See, the water will actually be forced by gravity to go higher than the location of the hole. Now imagine a lake... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Is "catching up" on sleep a real thing? How does your body "store" or "keep track" of sleep, and over what amount of time? | [
"Sort of. Your body needs the downtime of sleep to repair damaged tissue, allow waste products to be removed, and neural activity to do some housekeeping (like long term memory storage). Some of this activity can be deferred for some time, but there may eventually be longer term harm if deferred for too long. & #x... | [
"Most likely, yes. Your sleep cycle is divided into parts like deep sleep and REM, and you go through several such cycles every night during a normal eight-hour rest. Now, if your three-hour rest was interrupted halfway through a cycle, that can be very disruptive. But as long as you are able to get a high quality ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Health and Wellness:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Health and Wellness:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why in movies and series they sometimes make character's voices start at the end of one scene, before the scene where they speak actually starts? | [
"It is a way to directly connect the dialogue to the next scene, and implies that dialogue is specifically relevant to the scene it bleeds into. If done correctly, the bleed-over dialogue provides extra poignancy to the scene. Either that or they ran out of runtime and had to compress the scene and dialogue in orde... | [
"There is a lot of editing that can be done afterwards. When the director says \"cut\" he means that everything he wanted to happen in that scene already happened. The part with his voice in it will be edited out. If there's something going on in that part that they did want to keep for some reason, they could just... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Animation:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Animation:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
What would happen if you chewed/dissolved pills instead of swallowing whole | [
"Depends on the pill in question. Delayed/extended release medications might be released all at once (or mostly at once) if crushed before swallowing which might be dangerous. Some tablets are coated to delay the release of the ingredient because they can taste pretty bad or be destroyed by stomach acid."
] | [
"Most medications are very bitter, and many more are sealed up in a bitter capsule specifically to keep them out of the mouths of children. Some brands, however, particularly \"easy swallow\" varieties, have a sweet/sugary coating so they can be swallowed dry without making you want to vomit. But that's usually jus... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why Wi-Fi signals are much weaker through walls, when compared to Cellular 4G and LTE. Also wouldn't it be better to use use Cellular signals when connecting to routers, so we would get better connectivity ? | [
"WiFi signals are in the 2-5Ghz range - relatively high frequencies. Cellular signals are in the MHz range - relatively low. The lower the frequency, the easier it is for signals to pass through solids, because electromagnetic waves tend to be interfered with more by objects of similar width to their wavelengths. ... | [
"Ill explain GPS and NFC. GPS is free because your not actually sending any data, all GPS is radio signals sending a signal from space. NFC is near field communications, it can be used for your phone to communicate with another device. This is a low range (an inch or two) feature that can allow simple data transf... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Technology:"
} |
What does it mean to decode a genome and what are the implications of having that knowledge? | [
"DNA is made of four chemicals - Guanine, Thymine, Cytosine, and Adenine. The arrangement of these chemicals in different orders is what encodes a gene. When we decode a genome, we essentially 'read' these chemicals and the order they appear in along the DNA chain. We can then explore what each gene does, by analys... | [
"As has already been said, there are research efforts focused on both. However, tackling the technical challenges of piecing together a genome that hasn't existed for thousands of years would benefit the scientific community more than trying to keep a species alive that nature can no longer support. Sequencing the ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What does it mean to plea “no contest?” | [
"Basically it means, \"I'm not pleading guilty, but I can't or won't fight the charges.\" Functionally, the court operates as if the defendant plead guilty, but the plea can not be used against them in any future proceedings; for example, if you plead guilty to a traffic violation that caused an accident, that guil... | [
"Perjury, and no, because you are not under oath at that point. You are guaranteed the right to plead not guilty."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why aren’t the bottoms of people’s feet the smoothest skin on their body? | [
"Because the body's response to that friction and abuse is to harden the skin, which is not conducive to smoothing."
] | [
"Addition: why are black people's upper lips black while their lower lips are pink?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do prion diseases only affect the brain/nervous system? | [
"We don't really know yet. There are similar things called amyloid diseases, but for now it seems like prion diseases only develop in brain tissue because of the unique conditions of the brain. Brain cells exist for a very long time compared to other cell types and thanks to the blood brain barrier are hardly distu... | [
"Meat is meat, but different meats carry different diseases. When you eat a person, you are eating all the things that can thrive in a human host. One of the most famous diseases associated with cannibalism is Kuru. It's a prion diseases, meaning it's a protein that converts functional proteins into more of itsel... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Given that a person washes themselves thoroughly when they shower, how does a clean towel ever get dirty why drying off our clean bodies? | [
"They start to grow mold off the moisture. Plus even after a shower we're still going to end up with some dead skin rubbing off into our towels"
] | [
"Because people usually wash process and wash the plants off, they don't eat plants covered in shit straight from the ground"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
the change in income tax law between 2017 and 2018. | [
"There were two big changes that affect non-itemizing tax filings. 1) Some of the tax brackets decreased. This is a proportional decrease in paid tax per dollar that will be a few percent for most people. 2) The standard deduction increased by close to 5,000 dollars to $12,000. What this means is that without itemi... | [
"By the same means they were paid before tuition fees were introduced in 2007."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How to skateboarders keep the board "stuck" to their feet when doing tricks? | [
"Friction from the grip tape with fore/aft motion and the board falling slower than your feet are moving down or rising faster than your feet are moving up."
] | [
"The toe picks on figure skates are not meant to be used as brakes. They are meant to help figure skaters jump, spin, etc. more easily. This is why hockey players don't have blades with toe picks. Roller blades have brakes on the back so you don't face plant when you use them."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
How is using a password manager considered safe if you are throwing all your eggs in one basket? | [
"Is it safer to hide your jewelry in different places round your house or in the big safe with the armed guards and alarm?"
] | [
"There is no technical reason that prevents this. It's just not a popularly requested feature, because the more passwords you have on an account, the more likely an intruder can guess one of them."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does turning a computer off and back on again fix the issue? Like doesn't it indicate a problem that will happen in the future? | [
"It depends on what the problem is, sometimes computers just have a hiccup where it isn't an actual issue and a restart will make the machine forget there was a problem."
] | [
"I guess for your battery is not that bad. Devices are made to run all the time. What can happen is that your software gets buggy. Normally if you have a software problem, you can shut the phone down and restart it and your problem is solved. But it isn't a problem for the hardware if you never shut your phone down... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
why is it so hard/rare to become a successful actor | [
"Sheer number of talented people vs number of roles. I didnt really understand this until I went to work at a theater camp for a summer. You arent special if you can sing or dance or act really well, you are barely special if you can do all 3 very well. The rest is basically just perseverance and luck, a lot of luc... | [
"Writing here because i am actually curious: is this really a thing? From my anecdotal experience, theres a lot more people full of themselves that think they are the best than the other way around"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is our dishwasher unable to remove raw protein from dishes? | [
"Meat is *Carbon. Carbon is tiny and has a grip fills the poors of a plate when heated. Heat makes the carbon expand (excite) Think of how dense an icecube is vs water. the thing is that when cooled the carbon solidifies. Some of these make barbs(grip) the plate. I've been a dishwasher in 5 restaraunt kitchens (Soa... | [
"The oven door locks closed and the oven heats up much hotter than you would use it for baking - 800 degrees or more. This literally burns off most of the grease and crumbs in the oven, leaving behind a little ash that can be wiped up with a damp cloth."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do marker caps keep them from drying out, even with holes? | [
"The middle part of the cap doesn't have holes which keeps the marker moist. The caps have airway \"holes\" around the sides in case it gets swallowed so it won't block the airways should it be accidental swallowed."
] | [
"Is it possible that the plastic is softening a bit and that's why it's drooping? Also, this is the first I've heard of someone leaving the lid on when microwaving."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Since humans are at a constant terminal velocity of over 1000 mph via spinning earth. If you went 1000 mph the opposite direction earth was spinning would you be genuinely in the same spot you were the previous second in the universe? | [
"No. The Earth orbits the Sun at about 19 MPS and the solar system orbits the galaxy center at over 50 MPS. But the concept of motion is essentially meaningless unless measured against another object (see Einstein's theory of relativity)."
] | [
"Objects in motion continue to stay in motion. The bus has accelerated you up to speed. To stop moving forward in the air, some force would have to stop you. This is the same reason why, when you jump standing anywhere outside, the Earth doesn't go spinning 1000mph beneath you. Because you are traveling at the same... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Physics:"
} |
why is it dangerous to thaw foods then freeze/cool them again? | [
"There's this concept you'll see in restaurant kitchens about the danger zone. The more time foods spend in this temperature range, the more opportunity bacterial growth has to occur. Reheating and refreezing increases this time spent in the danger zone."
] | [
"It is safe. The USA says meat defrosted in the refrigerator can be re-frozen and is safe. In my experience it can lose some texture. You can also thaw it, cook it, and re-freeze."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about food safety:",
"pos": "Represent the document about food safety:",
"neg": "Represent the document about food safety:"
} |
Why is blood at grocery stores a liquid? Why hasn't it coagulated? | [
"They remove the Platelets (Coagulating Agent) from the Plasma before putting it on the Market. They don't add anything to the taste, so there's no reason to keep them. Then you just keep the blood cold and prevent it from contacting air and you're golden. It wouldn't be able to function inside of the animal anymo... | [
"Opened? Probably not. You know all the sugar that's in it? Bacteria eat that for breakfast, lunch, and dinner. If even a few bacteria got in there, within six months there should be oodles. And there aren't even any preservatives to slow them down since gatorade relies on temperature to prevent bacterial growth in... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How did 200 year old cities modernise to what they are today? | [
"It did not happen instantly. A city that has kept up with the times used 200yr old tech 200 yrs ago; 100 yr old tech 100yrs ago, etc. Its best to think of cities as a living thing. Go to any major city in the world and the one thing they all have in common: construction. They are constantly upgrading their infrast... | [
"To be a little less specific, what did people think the future in general would be like before the Industrial Revolution?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How is Netflix able to provide seemingly perfect subtitles to basically every show/movie on their platform and what allows them to do this so well? | [
"The people that make the show or movie write down the subtitles, from the script. They package that as a subtitle file inside the video file, and Netflix opens that up to show it to you if you enable subtitles."
] | [
"Many movies in the public domain are already widely available, such as on Youtube, from the Internet Archive or on torrent indexes. Netflix makes money when it provides something you can't get elsewhere, enticing you to sign up for the subscription--adding public domain films doesn't do too much to encourage that.... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
how does salt water help toothaches? | [
"Short Answer: salt water reduces inflammation & #x200B; Long Answer: salt water doesn't help all toothaches. Most toothaches are caused by inflammation of the surrounding tissue, which puts pressure on the nerves, causing pain. Toothaches cause by damaged nerves (uncommon) or other sources of pain are not helped.... | [
"It protects your mouth and teeth from stomach acid. You don't want chemical burns do you?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument about Health and Wellness:"
} |
how mobile finger scanner works? | [
"If you mean something like Touch ID on an iPhone then there is a crystal coverglass that protects the sensor and a metal ring to detect when a finger is in contact with it. When your finger touches the sensor, a ultra high resolution snapshot of the ridges and shape of your finger is taken, even the layers under t... | [
"Basically barcode is a binary code. A line indicating 1 and space indicating 0. The scanner read those lines and translate it so the computer can cross check it with the database. There's a video on youtube explaining this. Look for \"head squeeze how barcode works\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do economies of scale make things cheaper? | [
"In a lot of situations, there is a largely fixed cost to the production/sale of a good/service/whatever that doesn't increase or decrease much depending on the quantity produced. The additional cost of producing an additional unit is generally less for additional units once you already accept the cost of the firs... | [
"The price of products is only indirectly based on how expensive they are to produce. The primary factor is how much can be charged for them."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Publishing:"
} |
Why are websites so dead-set on showing you ads? Even if the user doesn't click an ad, does the website still make money because the user still saw it on the side of their screen? | [
"Oh yes absolutely. they get paid. Digital ads get paid in two general ways: 1) Per click. Less common, but the site gets paid for each time a user clicks the ad on the page. This really isn't a great way to do ads, though it still is one way for sure. 2) Per view. This is overwhelmingly the most common way. Usual... | [
"No one likes it, but sites driven by the bottom line don't care about what people like. A lot of people don't hit play on videos, they rather just read some headlines or a brief summary. That's not good for ad's. That means people are not staying very long to see the embedded ads. By starting a video automatically... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
What is “bonus” in basketball? Is it good or bad to be in bonus? | [
"Being in the \"bonus\" means that the other team has fouled your team enough times that any foul, shooting or non-shooting, will result in free throws. It is good for your team to be in the bonus."
] | [
"To waste time (extra time doesn't cover all of wasted time), to draw a foul to get their team the ball, or to try to slow down the momentum of the other team."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What is the purpose of colored dots on the backs of plastic packaging? | [
"It sounds like you're describing registration marks. When you have something that has more than one color, each color is printed one at a time as a layer. Those marks are to guide the printer in making sure the layers line up properly."
] | [
"Quite often the details are printed on the coloured sheath along the length of the cable."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How can you bake cookies with eggs and not have to refrigerate what you've baked? | [
"Baking it dries it out, any water left is tied up with sugars, starches and salts so bacteria can't use it. This is not the case if you fry an egg."
] | [
"You can know that your grandma's bread contains flour, salt, sugar, yeast and water. But without knowing how much of each ingredient to add, you can't replicate the bread she makes - yours might be saltier, wetter sweeter,... and then there's how you ckmbine and prepare those ingredients - do any of them need to b... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
How does my phone choose what songs to play during shuffle? I find it’s consistently either all songs I don’t like and usually skip, or all my favourite songs in two genres, or is it genuinely random and I’m interpreting too much? | [
"It's about as random as it can get. We as humans are just really good at recognising and forming patterns"
] | [
"So people can choose to repeat a single song, or repeat an entire album, library, playlist, whatever. Some people like to just listen to the same song over and over again, I guess."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does the area I had a bruise in hurt months after it's gone? | [
"Because there was more there than just surface bruising. There is still underlying damage, hence the pain, even though the surface discoloration is gone. Bruising and other injuries can take a long time to heal. If it doesn't get better soon, I'd recommend a doctor visit."
] | [
"For example, this morning I was at the dentist and randomly a spot on my forehead got very itchy out of no where and I couldn’t scratch it, and it started to feel more and more itchy, and then eventually the feeling went away. What is that all about?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Health and Wellness:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment about Health and Wellness:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Does sleeping with one leg under the covers and one out help with regulating your body temperature or is it all mental? | [
"Ofcorse it helps, a part of your body is no longer under the cover which is warming it up, which is obviously making your body cooler."
] | [
"When you first get under the blanket your body begins to heat up, as it no longer has to work as hard to stay warm. As a reaction, it expands blood vessels near the surface of your skin to shed extra heat. The only problem is most of that heat gets trapped under the blanket. When your body registers that it isn't ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Health:"
} |
How does bleach actually work to kill bacteria and germs? | [
"The bleach chemically destroys the cell walls of the organisms, spilling out their constituent parts which in turn are themselves destroyed. It is sort of like how a blender kills a mouse, it just sort of stops being a bacteria and starts being a disordered mass."
] | [
"It isn't. It is commonly believed that washing your hands with warm water will \"kill\" the bacteria on your hands. This is false. You would have to wash your hands with almost boiling water in order to reduce the bacteria on your skin. It's the anti-bacteria soap that will \"kill\" bacteria. EDIT: I should clarif... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the answer about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why is it when we get older we lose our craving for sweets? | [
"You seem to be conflating personal opinion with a general trend. I'm not buying it. My grandmother had a huge sweet tooth right up until her 90s."
] | [
"I think it has more to do with psychology than physiology: adventure is more important to children than comfort. Our priorities shift as we get older."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why are bunnies and eggs associated with Easter? | [
"Bunnies and Eggs are symbols for fertility and procreation. In Europe Easter is in spring and probably the Easter fest was “pulled over” existing spring festivals of older cultures and the symbols were mixed up."
] | [
"Many people decorate for Thanksgiving (fall wreaths on doors, fall/turkey/pilgrim decorations put out). They also decorate for Easter, 4th of July, memorial day, veterans day, St. Valentine's day, St. Patrick's day, and due to the fact that many towns have festivals on Labor day you can say that they decorate for ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why are predatory birds called "birds of prey?" Shouldn't it be "birds of predators?" | [
"\"Predatory birds\" would probably be a less poetic/more prosaic description. They are 'predators of prey' and are 'bird's. The bird is the predator, so substituting 'bird' for 'predator' you get \"birds of prey\". Edit: For a parellel construction to 'predators of prey', see, e.g. drinkers of water (water is the ... | [
"The only reason reptiles like snakes are brightly colored is to alert predators that they are poisonous. Birds are brightly colored to attract mates. Fish are brightly colored to attract mates and alert predators they are poisonous. Amphibians like frogs are brightly colored to alert predators they are poisonous. ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
When you have a cold and are congested, why does it sometimes feel/sound like you have water stuck in your ear(s)? | [
"The inside of each ear is connected to your throat via the Eustachian tube. This tube opens to balance the air pressure inside your ear with the outside so that your ear drum can function properly. If you've ever had your ears pop when going to high or low elevations, this is your Eustachian tube opening to balanc... | [
"That is air going into your sinuses. Your eyes, ears, nose, and mouth are all connected to your sinuses. Have you ever plugged your nose, closed your mouth, and tried to push air out of your lungs ever so slightly? You’ll notice your ears pop and the feeling of air coming out of your eye sockets. It’s gross and i ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Health and Physiology:"
} |
If occupied land splits/moves/submerges along a fault, are the state/country borders adjusted? | [
"Borders tend to be defined either by geographical features such as rivers. Or by exact coordinates. Rivers tend to shift all the time, which can depending on how the borders are legally defined lead to borders shifting or having to be shifted by new treaties to make sense again. Straight line border, which tend to... | [
"In general,followed along what they perceive is the border. For example the coastline, they would follow the coast line and would try to copy their direction to the drawing. If they went straight then their drawing would be straight, if they turned they drew that on their map/drawing. This gave a general shape bu... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
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