query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
How do major organisations store our data? | [
"There’s this big room. Every time you visit this room, you get to write some stuff down on a piece of paper and hand it to the man who is in charge of the room. Sometimes he even takes notes on you. When you leave the room, you give the papers to the man and he puts them in a folder with your name on it. The more ... | [
"Because children also have access to the internet."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
how does software work the same way with various processor architectures? | [
"AMD and Intel CPUs have the same instruction set - so this means that both types of CPUs should be able to run the exact same code. GPUs have separate instruction sets, but they have drivers, which translate what the computer is asking for into the instruction set for that particular GPU."
] | [
"Please clarify what sort of operating systems you think there were before programming existed."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
What makes your eyesight worse over time as you get older? | [
"Presbyopia (literally \"old eye\") occurs when the muscles that are responsible for controlling the lens of your eye start to wear out, which causes you loose the ability to focus as finely and efficiently as you once did. Other forms of poor eye sight can occur due to a fundamentally misshapen lens, which causes ... | [
"Looking at a computer or phone requires concentration and attention. Your eyes need to focus on small print and details. This can fatigue the muscles in the eyes which makes them ache if you spend extended periods of time doing so. Also, you blink less often when focused which can cause dry eyes as well. And that'... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why can retailers take your money instantly but then if you cancel the order or need a refund it takes days to refund your money? | [
"When you process a payment, it goes through the debiting process. It used to be a day before card payments showed up on your bank account, but now there’s a “faster payments” process which debits your account straight away. When they process a refund, the money leaves their account instantly, but sits in a queue ... | [
"Not sure where you are from but, in the UK your debit card will authorise a transaction, and that money will be in your 'withholdings'. simply put, the bank has authorised that payment, and has put the money to one side to be debited by the company. Although the payment has 'gone through' the money won't be physic... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How can a sudden shock or electric current kill you? | [
"Generally, electric currents kill by travelling across the heart. Your heart is controlled by a little bundle of cells called pacemaker cells - and these function by sending electrical signals through a bunch of different nerves that go off in different directions in the heart. The *ba-bump* of your heart depends ... | [
"Wikipedia considers all of these things a lightning strike. Direct strike, which is usually fatal. Contact injury, when the person was touching an object that was struck Side splash, when current jumped from a nearby object to the victim Ground strike, current passing from a strike through the ground into a nearby... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why does stormy weather trigger pain, such as migraines, arthritis, and joint pain? | [
"Stormy weather is accompanied by a drop in air pressure. For joints/arthritis, this causes tissues to swell and press on sensitive areas, generating joint pain. A similar effect can occur in your upper spine and head, potentially trigger a migraine."
] | [
"There are many types of headaches with a variety of causes including tension headaches, cluster headaches, sinus headaches, and migraines. A lot of headaches are caused by inflammation of nerves, sinuses, or other tissues in the brain and neck. Sore/pulled muscles can cause headaches. Frequent migraines are less u... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Health and Weather:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment about Health and Weather:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
what does it mean to be a not compressible fluid? Like water is a non compressible fluid? | [
"When something is compressible, it can be 'compressed', or squeezed. Think of your mattress. A mattress is compressible, because, well - you can squeeze it! A non-compressible fluid essentially means it cannot be squeezed - it just won't do anything. Think of hydraulics - two pistons connected to each other with a... | [
"Well, what do you mean by heavier? Because by molecular weight O2 is heavier than H2O. If you mean the difference of air with O2 and water, then that's explained by the fact that one is a gas and the other a liquid. I don't know much of the gravitational part to it, but I do know that a gas occupies more space and... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why do some substances, such as wood and leather, burn instead of melt? | [
"Those \"substances\" are made of big molecules. There are two kinds of bonds to consider here : bonds between molecules, and bonds within molecules. * When something melts, the bonds between the molecules are destroyed, so they can float apart. * When something burns, the bonds within the molecules are destroyed, ... | [
"The volatile components of the leaf will be progressively driven off. First the water is going to evaporate, then the various organic oils in the leaf will evaporate. If you increase the temperature a bit more, complex molecules like carbohydrates and protiens will break down, releasing hydrogen gas, ammonia and o... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
How does the top of a baseball bat caving in affect batter’s swing? | [
"Having the end cupped in allows for more balance to the bat and the manufacturer can use a harder or more dense piece of wood. It also takes a little bit of weight off the top of the bat and so the person swinging can swing faster. When you swing faster, you can hit the ball harder, which then causes the ball to t... | [
"There are a few reasons why they care. One, if a swing goes bad you can tell what happened. Aside from the wind current a ball can go wildly right (slice) or left (hook) or it can draw (slight curve to the left) or fade (slight curve to the right and it's caused by your poor form. If you keep proper form during th... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
why does gum get so tough after drinking water while chewing it? | [
"It's not so much the water as the temperature. Basically, the long strands that make up chewing gum and give it its elastic consistency seize up when it gets cold; the water is cold enough to make the gum less elastic, which makes it much harder to chew. (A side note of this is that gum becomes much easier to get ... | [
"Pour a bunch of sugar on a piece of paper. Put the sugar and paper in your mouth and chew it. Once you don't taste any more sugar, spit the paper out. Do you think you just consumed some calories even though you didn't eat any paper? The answer is yes. Same concept applies to gum."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Dentistry:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Dentistry:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
"How do companies know if a person is dead/ to not charge them?" | [
"For the most part, if they owed money while alive then they'd still owe the money when they die. If you had a loan for $1,000 and only paid$100, that other $900 would still be owed back. They'd collect it from your estate."
] | [
"Most of the time someone has, a company will often contact the owner of the account and pay them for it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why are the English so infatuated with tea? | [
"During the 1600 and onward. at the growth of the English empire.... The working class needed a way to boost their production . Tea has caffeine. Caffeine wakes up the brain. caffeinated workers work better faster more. at its height of tea usage in the early .... The english spent as much of their $$$ on tea nati... | [
"If you're talking about America, that's simply not true. Go to any big Reddit thread and you'll see hundreds of comments talking about what a glorious socialist utopia Europe is. Many Americans also have varying degrees of obsession with British culture. Half the women in my family got up at 3 in the morning to wa... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
what creates your finger print? | [
"The top layer of your skin is called the epidermis; it's approximately one to two dozen cells thick (i.e. not very thick). Underneath that is a layer called the dermis. Rather than just have a flat connection, like two books stacked on top each other, the dermis forms these fingerlike projections that interlock wi... | [
"I call this an apple what do you call it? This is how I write apple how do you write it. Same idea for grammar"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why is 60 FPS the "standard" that we usually expect, instead of something like 50 FPS? | [
"Frames per second were originally based on the frequency of electric power distribution, which is 60 cycles per second in the USA where most video games are made. (It's 50 in Europe.)"
] | [
"Basically, you want your FPS to match the refresh rate of your monitor. Most monitors are 60hz, therefore 60 fps is the ideal for them to be in sync. However, if you get a 144hz monitor and runs a game at 60 fps it won't seem as smooth because they are not in sync. Monitors with a higher refresh rate are becoming ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about videogame development:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about videogame development:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about videogame development:"
} |
Why do governments, schools, and big businesses (mostly) always use HP printers? | [
"So they? All I ever see is RICOH"
] | [
"Sometimes they do. Especially at universities who are often required to try to prevent piracy to a higher degree than normal ISP."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do scientifics estimate the remaining population of certain species on earth and how accurate is it? | [
"Most such species have been studied for years. Annual population counts, perhaps of one habitat, feed models that predict the total population. Estimates are Ok, often within 10%."
] | [
"Fermi Estimations are exactly that, estimations for complex problems. The logic behind it is that at certain stages during the problem you overestimate, and at other stages you underestimate, leading to an approximate answer. A popular one is \"How many pianos are cleaned in New York?\" To do this, you have to thi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why can't you get an electrical shock from the neutral | [
"In a balanced 3 phase system, neutral should carry little to no current. Ground is actually fail safe. Ground is there in case the equipment becomes electrically charged. It will discharge to ground through the conductor, instead of you. In an unbalanced system, neutral will carry a current, and could shock you."
... | [
"They don't; you're thinking of a different kind of battery."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
How do we know what prehistoric life was like? | [
"We have a good understanding of biomechanics, how the shape of bones, their growth and wear patterns, how ligaments were attached, and a lot of the details that tell us how the moved, how they ate and hunted. Teeth can tell you a lot about what sort of food an animal ate. The design of the head tells you how big ... | [
"The largest animal that has ever lived is a blue whale, which still exists. People killed most of the megafauna that would otherwise live in Asia, Europe, and the Americas. There were many, many small dinosaurs, reptiles, and mammals millions of years ago, but only the big charismatic ones are popular. My point is... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment about biology:"
} |
Why would the extinction of insects mean the end of mankind? | [
"Insects are the main pollinators for many species of plants, including crops that we eat. So if all insects went extinct, there wouldn’t be anything to pollinate those plants and they would cease making fruits/reproducing"
] | [
"Bees are not the invasive species, Africanized bees are invasive to The America's, as they were artificially introduced to South America some time ago and started to spread. But back to your original question... If all the bees died, it would cause a global catastrophe and food shortage, because bees are one of th... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why do animals get to full grown adult size so much faster than humans? | [
"Depends on species and much on life span. Take lions. They don't live much more than 12-15 years. So they are adult in 3-4 years. Tiger shark, which lives to over 35-40 years, doesn't get large until about 10 years (and grows its entire life)."
] | [
"That is what they are adapted to do. It is like asking how fish can swim all the time or how whales can hold their breath for so long. The stress of being used for what they do isn't something difficult for nipples to do."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
If a pregnant person is in a coma and they are ready to give birth, which method of the birthing process is used (e.g. c-section, naturally), if at all? Does the baby develop normally or is there a high risk for complications? | [
"Delivery is recommended via Cesarean section as the mother is unable to participate in the physiologic birthing process (i.e. pushing). Baby typically is developmentally normal but both mom and baby are at risk for complications. Being in a long term bedridden state, especially on a vent, puts you at risk for all ... | [
"Complications or a fetal anomaly are the really the only reasons for a 3rd trimester/late abortion. If the mother is at risk or if the fetus is dead/dying/no quality of life, then a late term abortion is in order."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why do conservatives dislike labor unions? | [
"Labor unions fulfilled an important function when they were formed: they protected workers from exploitation. As time went on, unions negotiated more and more favorable terms of employment for their members, and at some point unions went beyond protecting workers to exploiting the companies they were involved with... | [
"Liberals believe that government should use it's power to promote social good & equality. Libertarians believe that government should do as little as possible. Liberals are pro-abortion because they believe in a woman's right to choose. Libertarians are pro-abortion because they don't think government should be ag... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Do Sprinkler Systems Put Out Fires? | [
"It's just like you said, to put out fires but there's obviously a limit so it will help until the fire department arrives. All it has to do with is the size of the fires, plus it will help prevent the fire from spreading by soaking everything around it. Elimination or containment."
] | [
"Being Black Does Actually Have (Relatively Minor) Health Consequences, It's Just That They're Obviated By Modern Life. There's An Energy Cost To Have Extra Melanin, Even A Small One, So If You Don't Need It It Won't Be Selected For. Melanin Reduces Vitamin-D Uptake From The Sun If Sunlight Is Lower Than You're Ada... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
do different types of alcohol create different effects on actions/emotions? | [
"From what I understand, scientifically it's all anecdotal. There is something to the wine hangovers caused by nitrates but other than that I think it's mostly the power of suggestion and pop culture."
] | [
"Most of the effects of nicotine can be attributed to a release of a chemical called acetylcholine which binds to receptors in the brain increasing alertness and enhancing concentration. Positive feelings might be due to the drugs enhancement of dopamine action in the nucleus accumbens or reward center of the brain... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about alcohol and behavior:",
"pos": "Represent the document about alcohol and behavior:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why aren't smart stop lights more prevalent in the US? | [
"Lights don't have to be 'smart' but it would either be abused abuse or be problematic. In michigan, the lights are very well synched. Telegraph road can be driven 50 miles without ever stopping - at least it was some 20 years ago. Vegas, in comparison, you can't even time the next light no matter what you do. Im ... | [
"There is much greater adoption of public transportation in Europe than in the US."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do birds avoid falling off of their perches when they fall asleep? | [
"When birds sleep, they protect vulnerable body parts by burying them in their feathers. ... This means the automatic, at rest position of the foot is for the talons to be tightly locked around a perch, making it impossible for the bird to fall while sleeping. [This explains the mechanism](_URL_0_)"
] | [
"Bird feet are built for perching. Most birds have four toes, the first one pointed back, which makes them able to grip stems and twigs. When a bird perches, it tightens a tendon running the length of the foot. The tendon has projections that mesh together, pulling in the bird's toes and effectively locking them to... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Bird behavior:"
} |
Why are some cartels allowed to exist? For example OPEC and FPAQ? | [
"Since they are run by separate countries, there is no legal authority *above* them that can force them to stop. They *write* their laws."
] | [
"It is basically what OPEC is doing, but U.S. laws about anti-competitive practices don't apply to foreign governments. Congress could perhaps make it illegal to import oil from OPEC countries, but what would that achieve?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does handwriting vary so much? | [
"Because we let it. If you know any older folks who went to very strict private (likely Catholic) schools you'll also notice their handwriting can be very similar. Students would have perfect penmanship beaten into them in a lot of cases."
] | [
"The answer to your question differs very greatly depending on where you live."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why does a warm glass break when cold liquid is added into it? | [
"Glass is very hard, but breaks when it bends even a little bit. When you force a sudden temperature change, it expands the glass ever so slightly where the temperature has shifted. So it tries to “flex” a little bit. Glass is not flexible, and has almost no resistance that way due to its crystalline structure. S... | [
"The label doesn’t shrink. It’s being pulled in with the bottle as it reduces its volume and pressure as the gas is released when you open it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How do bees pick their queen? | [
"They don’t pick them so to speak. Depending on the diet of the larvae it will either develop into a sexually mature female (queen) or a worker (drone)."
] | [
"Millions of years of evolution? Like asking why do bees collect pollen...to make honey."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
How does wireless stuff work? | [
"how do you see things without touching them? Light has to bounce off the object and enter your eyes. Wireless works in the same way except the light is different, invisible only because our eyes aren't designed to see that light. It has to do with how much energy the light has. This information can be found in a ... | [
"What are you using it for? Where are you located?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
what makes our eyes change focus sometimes to ‘blurry’ similar to a camera focus? | [
"Well if you’re asking how our vision changes focus as in from far to near. Behind the pupil of the eye there is the lens that will refract(bend) light to focus it on the retina(the part that actually senses light). When the muscle relaxes the lens “bulge” that will then bend light allowing us to see nearby objects... | [
"When you squint your eye lids squeegee your eye moisture to in front of your retina so you get a prism effect with the light traveling through your tears."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Physics:"
} |
What does the litre number represent when talking about car engines? | [
"It's not fuel capacity, it's the volume of the cylinders combined. The amount of air and fuel they can hold. So larger equals a bigger bang which means more power. In a very basic sense."
] | [
"Why do some parts of the world call gasoline petrol?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do anti radiation pills work? | [
"The only real \"anti radiation pill\" that I've ever heard of is the potassium iodide pill. It acts to saturate you body with non-isotope (radioactive) iodine so that your thyroid doesnt absorb any accidentally made iodine isotopes that are made in your body by radiation exposure. It exists solely to protect your ... | [
"Nothing. It's a complete lie. There have been no peer reviewed and accepted scientific studies that have found Benefits from such products. magnets, rocks, crystals, etc do not affect your body in any way."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
how is concrete + steel so strong? What makes them a strong combo? | [
"Concrete has very high “compressive” strength, which basically means it can handle a heavy load pressing on it. However, it can easily snap like pieces of a Hershey’s bar. The steel inside the concrete increases the “sheer” strength of the pour, which basically prevents the snapping. Each part absorbs those dynami... | [
"Renewable resource. Much cheaper than metal and way easier to manufacture and goes through less change during manufacturing. Wood is unbelievably strong too. Much stronger than you think."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Difference between JPEG, PNG & other image formats. | [
"You have 30 beans: - 11 Green - 9 Red - 10 Blue You want to send the information of how many beans you have through the bean postal service to your cousin in New Beanland, you have a choice of two containers: JPEG: it costs roughly $5, but can store only 3 beans. However, when the information is displayed to your ... | [
"PNG supports lossless data compression. The file size is usually bigger with PNG than a compressed format like JPG. So you might need to use a better image editor when converting to JPG. Photoshop has an option to \"Save for Web\" which will optimize your settings when saving to JPG or GIF. It depends on what is g... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
China’s problem with Tibet. | [
"> aren’t they just wanting to identify as a seperate entity to China much like Taiwan? Sure, and that is plenty of reason for Chinese nationalists to have issue with them. China doesn't want to let them be independent."
] | [
"1. They are ridiculously expensive 2. The global decline in Nationalism in favor of Globalism"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why is it called a 'soft drink'? | [
"It differentiates it from a \"hard\" drink, which is an alcoholic drink. Technically any non-alcoholic beverage is a \"soft\" drink, but over the years it's become synonymous with carbonated drinks in general. Mostly just due to advertising."
] | [
"What do you want to know about them exactly?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does some furniture get super dusty almost immediately after I clean it in comparison to other furniture which hardly gets dusty at all | [
"Static, materials that get dusted with a tendency to retain a static charge will attract dust straight away, use a wet cloth instead. Doesn't generate any static. Fun facts with Aeron"
] | [
"There was a comment from a moderator that your submission had been removed because it was about your personal experience but I can still see your post. Plus that's dumb because everybody knows what you are talking about. Heaters smell because while the air that comes out is not hot enough to burn you, there are so... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is sugar bad for you and should you cut it out? | [
"Ok I'll try snd explain what I know. Sugar is a carbohydrate and is so tasty because our brain uses mostly it for its energy and so it rewards you by eating it, however when you eat excess carbs combined with lipids , aka fat, you're body decides it doesnt need all those lipids so it stores it and that leads to we... | [
"If you're trying to reduce your sugar intake, then yes."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What determines if something is soluble in fat or water? | [
"There is an intuitive example. Think about water as magnetic marbles, while fats are regular glass marbles. Mix only regular marbles, and they mix fine. Same for magnetic marbles, although stirring might be a bit harder, depending on the strength of the magnets. But mix them together, and the magnets will form clu... | [
"Gasses dissolve more in colder water than hotter water. Solids on the other hand dissolve more in hot water than cold water."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Chemistry:"
} |
Why do traffic lights have a different hole for each coloured light rather than just putting them all in one? | [
"I was always told it was for people who are red-green colorblind who otherwise couldn’t tell what color it is."
] | [
"If you look at some traffic lights, you can see a little sensor by the lights, the fire truck has a strobe light that triggers that sensor and causes the light to switch."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
What is the psychological reason for humans who enjoy trolling or offending people on purpose? | [
"it's the only way some essentially weak and powerless people can feel a sense of power, by deliberately yanking people's chains and then feeling amused by the chaos and distress they've created. Once you see trolls as weak, pathetic, pitiable people, you cease to care what they think, say or do. Unfortunately, the... | [
"It just inflates their Internet ego that has no value at all and never will. A lot of people use reddit as a hobby though and enjoy telling tales and other things. It isn't much different than telling a bogus story to someone else in real life, if some people enjoyed it then it really isn't that bad. I spend my ti... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are rubber gloves almost impossible to put on with wet hands when water usually makes things slippery? | [
"Because of [wet friction ](_URL_0_). Rubber and latex are soft, flexible materials, as they stretch out, surface area increases, increasing friction. Normally with dry hands. The rubber molecules have few places on the skin to bond to as it slides past so there is little friction. Water on the hands fills all the... | [
"Headphones are often covered in rubber, which is a sticky material, whereas shoe laces are often made of fabric, which is a soft and somewhat slippery material. If we had shoelaces made of rubber, they would stay longer together and vise versa with headphones."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Do other life forms (animals, plants) percieve the passing of time the same way as we do? | [
"When my wife is due home from work, with out any queues at all, our dog will get up and start pacing and whining at the door 10-15min before she actually hits the door. She is always waiting for me at the door when I come home at 5am. My wife has told me that she gets up and stretches/shakes her head at 4:50 am al... | [
"Since humans existed. Sentience is the ability to feel or perceive the surroundings, and *most* animals can do these things. Dogs are sentient, for example."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How come a code language is faster than another? | [
"Much of the difference isn't in the language itself, but in the tools that run that language. For example one language is designed to be *interpreted* by the computer at the last moment, while another is *compiled* (translated) into a faster form before the programmer releases it to users."
] | [
"Your question doesn't quite make sense. Are you referring to something specific? What makes you think that a computer is built for a specific programming language?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why can't the tempting taste and flavors of unhealthy foods be replicated onto healthy foods? | [
"As above. Though I would add that I suspect rather often it isn’t the flavours of unhealthy foods that attract. Often it is the processed sugars giving an intense sweet flavours that many have grown accustomed to, making healthier foods taste more subtle in comparison. Adding those sugars and syrups would make hea... | [
"It's pretty simple, unhealthy food is cheaper than healthy food."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why do PC programs that emulate game consoles run so slowly, even if the pc's hardware is more advanced than that of the console it's emulating | [
"Because emulation is basically your system pretending to be another system. Imagine trying to imitate an old man. Even though you are probably much more physically capable than him, you’d have a hard time behaving exactly like him."
] | [
"The cell phone is built for the OS that was out when it was released. As a result, newer OS will not run as well as the one that the cell phone was built for. Also, the newer OS usually is more memory-intensive, so the phone naturally runs slower. Think of it like trying to run Windows 10 on a computer meant for W... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
How the Namibia desert isn't all on the sea. | [
"It is. You can take an aerial tour of the Namib desert and there are shipwrecks surrounded by miles of sand. When it was a German colony there were problems with the harbour silting up, too."
] | [
"See here Johnny boy the fog is on the inside of the window."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
If you have adrenaline in your body all the time, why cant you for lack of a better term just "adrenaline up?" | [
"Too much adrenaline is dangerous to the body and dramatically increases wear and tear on the organs. Think about a car which can cope with travelling at 70 MPH for long periods, but take it up to 100 MPH and it starts overheating and various bits start to wear out."
] | [
"Masturbation releases hormones that eases the hangover so your body has made horniness a self mechanism to cope with hangover. Also helps with headache if you don't have painkillers or why not just jack off before the pill starts working."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Is there any difference from iron in your body and foods to iron in the ground? Could you theoretically make an ingot of spinach iron? Could you dilute and absorb raw iron? | [
"Iron is an periodic table element, Iron in your food might be a different isotope but it is still the same element. Yes, it is theoretically possible to make an ingot out of iron from spinach, how to extract only iron from spinach is a question for another time. The dosis overtime matters, iron in food is there in... | [
"You want a piece of cast iron, and you want that iron to be uncontaminated by heavy metals, e.g. lead, nickel, cobalt, arsenic — metals that would poison you. Effectively you want a chunk of a cast iron cookware; if you find a cast iron skillet at a thrift store and take a sledgehammer to it, each chunk (after bei... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why can’t ants hop/jump? | [
"Ants do jump. One example is the aptly named Jumping Jack Ants from Australia: _URL_0_"
] | [
"How do you know that you don't sneeze in your sleep?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why does squinting help us see a little better? | [
"It is because you are decreasing the amount of light rays that come in through your pupil and project onto the retina at various angles. Essentially, squinting your eye acts like an aperture on a camera. As you make the opening smaller, only light rays that are projected straight back to the retina (which processe... | [
"Do you have corrected vision? And if not can you focus on other small things near your face without getting a headache?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
why do some US news websites block their content so it is only available in US ? | [
"I've only really seen that happening in the EU, and that's because the EU has some privacy related laws (GDPR) that many US companies does not want to follow, so they just make their content unavailable in the EU."
] | [
"One big factor: advertising. Say Burger King has a deal with the owner of the video that they will run an add before it every time it is played. However advertising laws vary from country to country and are very complex. For example, my country does not allow fast food advertising aimed at children. So it's simple... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How/Why are vulture capitalist groups responsible for the closure of Payless? | [
"Bonus points if someone can explain the whole Sears fiasco where apparently the CEO(?) leveraged the company into debt for the purposes of real estate (?)"
] | [
"Because they're all involved in financing, making, or distributing the movie."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do showers pump water to the highest floor? | [
"I would say that it mostly depends on your location. A lot of places such as New York City have water towers placed on top of the buildings that feed via gravity. A lot of small towns where you see large water towers up high above the town essentially do the same thing. Then there will of course be situations wher... | [
"Has nothing to do with kitchen or bathroom, only depends on the distance the water has to travel from the heater to the output."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are there no mainstream alternatives to YouTube? | [
"There are, but not many (Vimeo, DailyMotion, Twitch, …). Storing and streaming video is quite expensive. Before being bought by Google, YouTube lost money at an incredible rate. Now Google absorbs YouTube costs the same way it does for its other services: by squeezing out the most personal information from its use... | [
"Because children also have access to the internet."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why do wind turbines have their generators way up high? | [
"To add to everything said already, one reason is that the blades need some sort of counterweight behind them to keep the center of gravity over the support tower. Might as well use the generator as the counterweight."
] | [
"They have brakes that engage to keep them from turning. If they need maintenance then the brakes engage to keep them from generating power. If the wind gets too high then the brakes engage to keep them from getting damaged If demand is too low then the brakes engage to stop them from generating electricity Wind tu... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is it that cracked eggs go bad in a few days but raw dried pasta with eggs in it can last for months? | [
"You said it yourself - DRY. Bacteria thrive in a wet, nutrient rich environment that is your cracked egg, but pasta is a desert where living is much slower and more difficult. I mean, make no mistake, that pasta is absolutely full of bacteria, but their biological functions are extremely slow due to a lack of reso... | [
"Butter and eggs can actually be left out on the counter for days without spoiling. Refrigeration of those items is more of an American convention than a requirement. Milk does spoil at room temp, but it's lifespan is increased through pasteurization. If you've ever bought raw milk, you'll notice it starts to smel... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage about Food Science:"
} |
why does mediation work? | [
"There are different kinds of meditation and they work differently. I have no medical background on this, but I have meditation expwrience. What you are describing might traditionally be called Shine. It is also a part of most more \"advanced\" meditations, and it helps focusing yourself away from whatever is going... | [
"just think about what's actually necessary in order to reproduce."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
How does Amazon make $11.6 billion in profits and pay $0 in taxes? | [
"The simple answer is that the economic power wielded by Amazon in the form of jobs, investment, money spent by their employees, and the tax money paid by those employees is more valuable in political currency for the government representatives at the locations where Amazon chooses to do business. Deals are offered... | [
"Netflix has over 83 million subscribers. If each subscriber pays just $10 per month (= $120 per year), then they make nearly $10 billion a year, a lot more than $6 billion."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why would policies in much smaller countries not work in the United States? | [
"Population density. When people are packed closer together geographically, it is far easier to implement policies like public transport, education, healthcare, etc. As an example, a hospital might only be able to serve a 10-mile radius due to emergency response time. If the city is 30-mile wide, you are going to n... | [
"While very large and rich in resources, it has fewer people than Argentina, Poland, or Sudan. There are cities in China with almost as many people as Canada. In addition, culturally, politically, and diplomatically, they are similar to their close allies the US and the UK, and don't have much to add to what those ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why are aluminium alloys difficult to weld? | [
"There are a few issues. Firstly aluminium oxidizes very fast. It only takes a few seconds. And this layer of aluminium oxide will not flake off like many other oxides but form a hard shell around the aluminium. Secondly aluminium conducts heat very well so if you apply heat to one part of it the energy will just d... | [
"The metal components are made of aluminum. Aluminum doesn’t rust because it’s not ferrous."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
I'm confused when it comes to proposing. Do you buy one ring that is the engagement ring? Then another that is the actual wedding ring? Or do you just buy one that would be her ring forever? | [
"One for the engagement, usually a diamond or some other precious stone. Then a second ring which is the actual wedding ring, usually a plain gold band"
] | [
"The engagement ring can be worn with the wedding ring or taken off and just have a wedding ring. Some people don't ever have engagement rings - my Mum didn't. I have and I will continue to wear it with my wedding ring when I get married. In the UK the rings are worn on the left hand."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why do doctors advise against alcohol consumption when prescribing antibiotics (e.g. clarithromycin)? | [
"Clarithromycin is OK with moderate alcohol. Alcohol interferes with some drugs' metabolism, hence the effect may be reduced or toxicity may occur. & #x200B;"
] | [
"A lot of meds sound similar because it is indicative of what drug class they are in. Here are a few examples: -Caine = local anesthetic -mycin = antibiotic -olol = beta blocker -statin = for cholesterol"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why was Ted Cruz (Born in Calgary, Canada) eligible for US president when there was a whole lot of discussion about ineligibility on Barack Obama due to his birth certificate? | [
"natural born citizen is required however that phrase is not defined in the constitution. Chances are if he runs someone will challenge in court. The supreme Court will make a decision and the growing consensus among constitutional scholars that a person born abroad, but legally deemed a U.S. citizen at birth, is ... | [
"That would depend on the citizenship of its parents I suppose. Not all nations have the same requirements for citizenship. In the United States, for instance, a child of US citizens in many cases receives US Citizenship regardless of the location of birth."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
How does sleepwalking happen? Is our brain taking control without our consent? In the process can it still guarantee our survival? | [
"We sleep in sleep cycles. There are various parts to each sleep cycle. The last (fourth) part of the cycle known as Rapid Eye Movement (REM) is known as being associated with dreaming. There are electrical bursts in the brain which lead to the eyes moving rapidly (as per the name), and vivid dreams which are able ... | [
"The part of your brain in charge of muscle control is partially shut down when sleeping, to stop you from actually moving your body while sleeping. When that part doesn't respond in your dream, your dream acts the same way, by not really moving much."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
How come the “eating eggs is bad for cholesterol” debate is still a thing? Can’t research and technological advances tell us by now if it is good or bad? | [
"For what it's worth, the research is pretty clear. Little cholesterol comes from food you're eating in MOST people. The issue is that people are different, for some, dietary cholesterol can cause an increase in your blood cholesterol. Eating excess dietary cholesterol is bad for a minority of people predisposed to... | [
"It’s not a big deal. There is no evidence that it is detrimental to your health in any way and you would have to consume massive quantities of the stuff for it to have any negative effect. Anything claiming “msg free” is just marketing to the uneducated masses who may still believe it is bad for them."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about nutrition:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer about nutrition:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
The Google File System (2003) | [
"You need to understand why Google implemented the Google File System, and this was not their first attempt at such a system. Google made its fortune in the search business. And their approach required a huge database. Much larger then could be stored on a single server. But they could not afford huge datacenters o... | [
"[Video: History of the Internet](_URL_1_) [Video: How the Internet Works, in 5 Minutes](_URL_0_)"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does food stay in the colon for much longer than the small intestine despite colon being much shorter? | [
"Large intestine soaks up excess water. Having poo in there longer allows for the appropriate amount of water to be absorbed. If in there too long - constipation (dry poop) if not left in there long enough - diherrea (very wet poop)"
] | [
"There are special receptors in the nerves on the colon that the imodium molecule attaches to and activates. This essentially relaxes the tone of the colon letting the contents of the colon stay in the colon for longer. If it stays for longer in the colon, more water is absorbed by the colon and then you won't ha... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why Supreme Court judges can remain in position until they resign or die? | [
"It's to avoid the politicization of the bench. Justices' decisions aren't subject to political pressure. They don't represent parties or positions on issues, their job is to decide whether actions taken by any part of the government is within the bounds of the law, and ultimately the constitution. You don't want ... | [
"If they resigned after being sworn in the VP becomes president until the term is completed. The former VP could run for their own term or simply allow others to run and not opt to take the office again. If the person quit after the election but prior to being sworn in it's not clear what would happen."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
UK Currency. How much creates a pound, what are shillings/quid/pence how many of those go into what, etc. | [
"Quid is slang for pound. 1 quid = 1 pound. We dont use shillings anymore. 1 pence is a hundredth of a pound. 100 pence is 1 pound. We have 1p, 2p, 5p, 10p, 20p, 50p, £1, £2 in coins."
] | [
"In the UK it's evolved to be the opposite. We don't nowadays have names for our coins (1p, 2p, 5p, 10p, 20p, 50p, £1) except 'penny'. But we do have a couple for our notes: fiver and tenner. EDIT: But 'penny' doesn't really count since it's arguably the singular form of 'pence'. It's weird that americans call it a... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is HIV/AIDS incurable? | [
"Just to clear up your apparent misconception, HIV is not *incurable*, we simply don't have a cure for it yet. Although there are some promising things being researched at the moment. But a good tl;dr on why it's so hard to come up with something is that HIV hides itself by copying it's own DNA *into your own DNA*.... | [
"What you talking about, Willis??? HIV and AIDS are epidemic in rural India and Southeast Asia. They're also rising in parts of China, but they won't release official figures."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
how do zero calorie sodas work? | [
"Diet or zero-calorie sodas are basically water with artificial sweeteners and flavorings. Since neither water, nor artificial sweeteners, nor the flavoring have any significant caloric value, the sodas do not cause you to gain weight. You only gain weight when your caloric intake exceeds the amount of calories yo... | [
"Not directly, as it contains no calories -- in that sense it's like drinking water. Maybe indirectly, as it can increase your habit of liking sweets -- some of which *do* have calories."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
if the International Space Station is only 250 miles up, and spaceships look like they go really fast, why does it take 2 days to get there? | [
"It takes about 8-15 minutes to get into orbit roughly as high as the space station. Takes another two days to fine tune docking at 17,000 mph. Imagine you're planning to jump from a moving car into another moving car on the freeway. The freeway is orbit. The onramp is launching the rocket, and the car you're going... | [
"Stars don't move very fast, and these stars are millions of light years away. Even if they moved a great distance away, they would have to move really far for somebody with a normal telescope to notice. It's like when you see an airplane in the sky, it might be moving really fast, but it still looks slow. Stars, h... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage about Physics:"
} |
how hard is it being a planet near a pulsar? | [
"A pulsar is formed from a collapsed giant star so no planet in orbit of the star will have life on it - _URL_0_"
] | [
"whats the point of hospitals if we are all going to die anyway"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How can shampoo or soap give you that cold effect on your skin even after shower? | [
"The \"cold\" effect is a product of most likely an oil(menthol) coming from a plant in the mint family. Peppermints make your mouth cold by playing with the cold receptors in your mouth. Same story for minty soaps but different location. When you get out of the shower and you still have the cold effect it means th... | [
"It is better at freeing up oils. Imagine trying to wash butter off a plate using cold water. If you tried it with hot water, it would melt right off. The same goes for oils in your hands and your clothes. The oils can trap bacteria, which is why washing with warm water and soap is important."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why are Republicans considered Pro-Small government and Democrats are considered Pro-Large government? It seems like they both want big government, just in different areas | [
"You are correct. For decades, Republicans campaigned for smaller government, lower spending, and a smaller deficit. This defined the party, but that is all in the past and it isn't reasonable to consider the parties using that distinction any longer. It is more correct to say that the Republican party is more cons... | [
"Democrats: \"Social Democratic\" party that pretends it works for the working class when in reality they are complete giant corporate stooges. They tend to have some progressive \"Libertarian\" views on Social Issues. Being descended from Social democrats, they still hold vestiges of Keynesian economics which basi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why does fountain, bottled, canned, and glass bottled soda taste different? | [
"Fountain drinks taste different because they are mixed from a syrup on demand - if the mix has slightly more or less syrup in it, or slightly different water sources the taste can vary. Find a mix that is running out of syrup or using too little and it will be much more bitter, too much and it will be very sweet. ... | [
"Depends on the tap water. Some tapwater may have too much chlorine, lead, trihalomethane, etc. Some tapwater may be discolored or distasteful (at my previous home the tap water was yellowish and gross) while other tap water can be as good, or better, than many bottled waters (hint: many bottled waters are literall... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do rust cleaning lasers actually work? | [
"First, hand damage: the laser inside the device produces a beam of light, basically a point, but in the video you see a bar, and that's because the device uses mirrors to sweep the laser point up and down. Like the scanning devices in a grocery store. So the device detects the hand and turns off the laser beam whi... | [
"There are thousands of types of cancer each with different causes and different treatment mechanisms What causes tumors in the lungs and tumors in the liver and tumors in the skin are all very different and treatments for them are wildly different Yes, all cancer is tumors so they have that in common, but saying o... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why do modern humans need to brush their teeth whereas other animals don’t? | [
"You don't have to brush your teeth. You could easily live to reproductive age without ever having brushed your teeth once. But, if you want to live much past your thirties you'll need to take care of your teeth. The difference between humans and other animals is that we've eliminated so many other causes of death ... | [
"Many animals would actually benefit from dental care, though mostly to counteract wear and tear. But the most important reasons it tends to be less critical for animals are - shorter lifespans in which to develop caries - less sugar in the diet, and thus less risk of caries - some animals who experience a lot of w... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Dentistry:",
"pos": "Represent the comment about Dentistry:",
"neg": "Represent the comment about Dentistry:"
} |
How does milk relieve the burning sensation of spicy food? | [
"Substances can either be polar or nonpolar in a molecular sense. In chemistry, a common saying is, \"Like dissolves like.\" A nonpolar substance like paint requires a nonpolar solvent like acetone. The chemical that makes things spicy, capsaicin, is nonpolar. Milk contains a lot of fat, which is nonpolar. Therefor... | [
"It helps protect your throat, mouth, and teeth from the acid involved in stomach digestion."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Health and Wellness:"
} |
how can strictly vegetarian animals go from only drinking milk as babies to only eating grass? Like how would their digestive systems completely change from only thriving off an animal byproduct to only eating grass? | [
"Because they dont just switch overnight. Any mammal who drinks milk as a baby is slowly introduced to other foods over time. That’s why it’s called weaning. They still drink milk, just less and less. Eventually they stop drinking their mothers milk and eat strictly whatever else that species eats."
] | [
"Eating leaves is not the same across all leaf eaters. For example, Koala Bears and Cows are both herbivores, but Koala Bears can eat eucalyptus leaves which cows cannot digest. Getting the same amount of nutrition from grass is done differently from species to species. Rabbits for example, will eat grass and then ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why is the time shown on the clock different between Android, iPhone and Windows? | [
"Depends how often the device resyncs and at which rate the device loses / gains time. It in the United States, you could manually check on _URL_0_, or tune into Shortwave radio time broadcasts."
] | [
"You may need to change the display settings on your console."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
How do the hundreds of satellites in Earth’s orbit not crash into each other? | [
"Most simply, the same reason hundreds of boats do not crash into each other in the open ocean, planning and a HUGE amount of space per object."
] | [
"Nope The US Space Surveillance Network is tasked with tracking satellites(active or inactive), spent rockets, debris, and anything else orbiting Earth. There are public ones that exist as well that track most satellites in orbit. If a missile comes from space it'd be pretty easy to track it back to which satellite... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Science and Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Science and Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do cameras have a hard time capturing electronic screens? | [
"Still cameras have a problem with the moire effect. That's where the rows and columns of the display sometimes coincide with the rows and columns of the camera sensor, and sometimes they don't coincide. That causes weird lines in the image. Video cameras also suffer from flicker if the display has flicker which is... | [
"As others said we blast the area with light and/or crank up the gain on the camera. If you look close you'll often see the slo mo images are grainier than the other video sources because the sensor is struggling to capture the light. Source: I'm a professional cinematographer."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
how does alcohol tolerance work? | [
"There's an enzyme in your stomach called Alcohol Dehydrogenase, that breaks down alcohol into it's base components. This means that the alcohol doesn't reach your bloodstream. Some people who drink develop an aggressive form of this enzyme. They now have the ability to drink all of their friends under the table."
... | [
"Your teacher is an idiot. Talk to a doctor about the best way to beat a type of cancer. That being said, a diet high in vegetables and low in red meat would lower your chances of getting cancer in the first place."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why is Naypyidaw so empty? | [
"It was artificially and suddenly placed there, and it hasn't yet become populated to anywhere near its capacity. It has 10-lane roads, which are appropriate for a metro area of several million residents, but Naypyidaw has fewer than 1 million. As a developing nation with a turbulent recent history, I would not be ... | [
"Answer me this: why is pizza so delicious?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
why do our knees shake when we get particularly scared? | [
"It's from the shot of adrenaline intended to help you fight or run away. In events that don't require either of those actions, you're stuck just standing there effectively in \"Hulk mode\" and it makes you fired up and twitchy until the effect goes away."
] | [
"The butterflies sensation is caused by a lack of blood flow to your stomach. It is a result of adrenaline being released because you are nervous. Different people have different nervous reactions. I dont get butterflies, but my legs get shaky. Some people get sweaty palms. Everyone is a bit different in their resp... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
If black absorbs all colors on the visible spectrum, then how are there glossy black finishes that reflect light | [
"Pure black would absorb all colours, however pure black doesn't exist. Glossy black reflects some of the light. There is the nanotubes based black called Vantablack which reflects only 0.04% of the light. And that is the blackest black we have at this moment: People who see it for the first time go from \"There is... | [
"Pigments absorb some colors and reflect others. Mix a bunch of different ones together and it ends up absorbing most of the color and then reflecting some of the light so you get a dark mass of brown"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
whats makes something albino? | [
"It's a genetic condition. Those with albinism do not produced skin pigment, which is different than producing little skin pigment."
] | [
"? Where did you hear that. Its 100% possible to clone a primate."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Are molecules breakable? | [
"Molecules don't have \"tubes.\" Molecules are groups of atoms that are stuck together by certain kinds of bonds. Atoms are happy when they have a certain number of electrons orbiting their nucleus. Most atoms don't have enough electrons to get to that number, so when they contact other atoms they bond together to ... | [
"Atoms are not smaller than photons. Why would you say they are?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:"
} |
What is the cause of the film on our teeth after drinking pop soda? After eating spinach? | [
"Bacteria colonize the surface of your teeth and eat the remaining sugar that clings to the surface creating a biofilm called plaque."
] | [
"Because it is hard to drink enough in one hour to wash the smell and taste of Corporate America off of you."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does a car shutting down automatically at a stop light/sign help with gas consumption? | [
"The amount of fuel spent idling at an intersection, keeping the engine rotating are a slow speed with a light load, far exceeds the amount needed to restart the engine. Modern car engines start up very quickly."
] | [
"Thats a opoular question that has been answered several times by now but here is the short version: They have a computer in there that checks if the pattern for braking, accelerating, changing gears... is the one of the EPA test and change the motor setting Changing the motor settings can change mileage, power and... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How did game genie work? | [
"Game Genie and Gameshark both worked by editing specific hexadecimal that transfers between the game and the system's RAM. Part of the input code is the location of the address that it will to edit, the other is the edited string that it will insert once the address has been found and intercepted. Actually quite s... | [
"Because they weren't written for it. Though they appear similar, computers can be as different as consoles as time moves on. What you're asking is akin to \"Why can't I play Playstation 1 games on my PS4?\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Do antibacterial wipes work as well as the gels or sprays? And if they did, why aren’t we wearing gloves while using them like using bleach? | [
"Well to start with bleach kills most anything by destroying its cell membrane. And gels, sprays and wipes can have vastly different chemical makeup effecting not only how well they kill microbes, but what kind and how dangerous they are to human health and skin. Some gels do literally burn your skin off, others ar... | [
"They know how diseases/viruses/bacteria get transmitted and take many precautions against them. For instance, they constantly wash their hands/wear protective clothing."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why does cold water in a bottle flash freeze when you open the lid? | [
"It happens when water rapidly cools below freezing without being touched. There for it’s state is actually a solid. When you break the liquid tension it has it turns into ice. Best I can explain, probably explained LI5. But my freezer does this and my kids love doing it, even works with freezer popsicles"
] | [
"Gas dissolves better in liquid at low temperature so the CO2 in the bottle went into the beer. When temperature goes up the gas leaves the liquid and back into the air space. This is the same reason a coke goes flat sooner if you keep it outside and thats why they tell you to serve it chilled."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Do Fish Get Thirsty? | [
"In marine mammals hunger and thirst are the same thing. Whales get the water they need from the food they eat. So, if you spray fresh water into their mouth (say with a hose at an aquarium) they act is if they've just eaten."
] | [
"Being Black Does Actually Have (Relatively Minor) Health Consequences, It's Just That They're Obviated By Modern Life. There's An Energy Cost To Have Extra Melanin, Even A Small One, So If You Don't Need It It Won't Be Selected For. Melanin Reduces Vitamin-D Uptake From The Sun If Sunlight Is Lower Than You're Ada... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about biology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage about biology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
how does my 7 month old baby know to sleep 2 hours during the day for her nap but 12 hours at night? | [
"The same way you do. Different cues, such as it getting dark and quiet, tell the brain to release a hormone called melatonin which puts you to sleep for the night. As a side note, you are incredibly lucky to have a baby who can sleep that well at 7 months!"
] | [
"Listen to me. It's sleep cycles. People have been posting questions like this to ELI5 for months now. I got this answer form a previous ELI5. The answer is sleep cycles! Each sleep cycle is 90 min. If you wake up in the middle of one, you feel tired all day. So be sure to sleep in intervals of 90 min: 90 min, 3 ho... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Sleep and its effects on the body:"
} |
What number do banks use to calculate interest? | [
"You get interest based on how much is in your account at the end of each day. If you have $0 in the account at the end of each day, you get zero. If you have $500 every day (say you left it alone the whole month), you get $500 * interest rate. If you moved money in and out, and you averaged $300 per day, they pay ... | [
"Because you and the bank have an agreement that whenever you ask for it the bank will give you as much money as the number allows."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
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