query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
What does your car radio sometimes lose signal when you come to a stop sign or stoplight, then comes in clear again when you roll forwards a few inches/feet? | [
"It's due to \"multipath interference\". On its way to your radio antenna, a radio wave can also bounce off various things (buildings, trees, cars, etc.). The reflected versions of these multiple paths take a little longer to get to your antenna than the most direct one, so they are out of phase with the original. ... | [
"When you're on the highway, the car makes a steady louder noise. When you get close to your destination, there are stops and turns so the engine noises rev up and down a lot more, and the turning pushes you back and forth."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
When you exercise your muscles ache afterwards, so how come your heart doesn’t ache after doing cardio? | [
"One: it's a different type of muscle. Two: it gets a steady supply of nutrients to repair and replenish itself."
] | [
"Exercise isn’t good for you because it gets your heart pumping. In fact it’s almost the opposite, exercise encourages your body to improve the cardiovascular system so that the next time you exercise your heart doesn’t need to pump quite as much. But those benefits aren’t confined to just when you exercise. Train ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
When transferring money from one bank to another digitally, what exactly is being transferred? | [
"Its trading IOUs All your bank account really is, is the bank saying they 'owe' you your balance whenever you'd like it. And of course, you trust them to pay you when you want it. All this does is shift that. Lets say you transfer $100, the other bank now has an IOU you for $100, and your original bank takes $100 ... | [
"I wouldn't call it a bad system, just an outdated one. ACH is the system that US banks use to transfer money to each other. The system is run by the Federal Reserve Bank. When you request to send funds to an account at another bank, your bank sends the cash to the Fed, and the Fed then sends the funds to the recei... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
how did the shape of the heart come to be if it looks so different than an actual heart? | [
"Nobody is quite sure, but there is speculation that the symbol comes from the shape of the seed pod of the now extinct silphium plant. This was used in ancient times as, among other things, an aphrodisiac which explains its present usage."
] | [
"Simply because your heart is on the left side of the body, so that's not symmetrical to begin with. Your liver, bowels, stomac are also not symmetrical which makes it impossible to have symmetrical veins. It's efficiency and the way of the least resistance that everything in nature is based on, not how symmetrical... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post about Medical:"
} |
When you load a new website how can we trust the website is legitmate? Is the ssl certificate downloaded in browser or perhaps we verify signed certficate with the CA immediately? | [
"the SSL certificate is sent by the webserver to you, which is valid only for each connection you make to the webserver (as it is part of the encryption). You (or your browser) check the legitimacy of that certificate by checking that some trusting agent has signed that certificate. An attacker could have sent his... | [
"To ELI5 /u/FrancescoRizzi's explanation. The website generates a unique token, which is generally stored in a cookie on your computer. Each time you access the site it sends the cookie which identifies your connection as you."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
how do we measure the percentage of water in something? | [
"Weigh the item. Heavily dry it, and weigh it again. This gives you how much mass was removed by the process, and then they are compared to find your percentage."
] | [
"They burn the food and heat up water. Then calculate how much energy is produced by the change in temperature."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
During commercial breaks, why do they sometimes play half a second of one commercial before switching to another? | [
"Saw this from a guy who scheduled TV commercials Every hour of television, there are two local breaks, one minute each. If your local cable company sells that time, a local ad will run. If your local cable company does not sell that time, it defaults to whatever the network chose, usually a specific type of ad ca... | [
"Those flashes of commercials occur in situations where your local station is showing different commercials than the national broadcast that they're receiving. Sometimes the timing gets off, and you get a small snippet of the national broadcast commercial before your station overrides it with their local feed. And ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why do you not see flowers almost anywhere in the wild where not purposely planted? Where are roses and tulips etc. actually from that we never see them? | [
"Most of what you see were created by people through genetics whether naturally mixed or in a lab. Wild roses and tulips are prolific where they are native, but they aren't that interesting to look at. Forests on the east coast of the USA are largely deciduous, but on the west largely evergreen. Both grow in both p... | [
"Some plants have succeeded in reproducing by growing fast and well in conditions of high fertility and moisture. Others succeed by growing well in conditions where there is very little competition from other plants. One of my favorite plants is chicory. This plant has small flowers of a shade that I think is very ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
how and when does one use semicolons? | [
"When you want to add a related point to your original statement without starting a new sentence. E.g.: \"Pauline was a record-breaking corn husker; he husked 500 corns in 3 minutes last year.\" Or: \"You can't drink bleach; your student loans don't cover bleach-drinking.\" It includes the same grammatical weigh... | [
"I could not find that idiom anywhere so I gotta ask: what do you mean with run hot or cold? Something biological?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Grammar:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Grammar:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
. How does a snowflake maintain symmetry in all of six sections but share no symmetry with other snowflakes? | [
"by \"careful\" practice. A symmetric snowflake costs less energy to maintain than an asymmetric one. Or in other words, starting from a warm drop, when the molecules wiggle and try a more symmetric shape, they release more energy into the surrounding. if the surrounding is colder than the water/flake they don't ge... | [
"They all follow a basic hexagonal shape when the water droplet is freezing due to the order of the inner structure *Basically, any water droplet is going to be hexagonal due to the chemical makeup*. Past this basic shape depending on varying conditions it is possible to get an unlimited number of possible \"design... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
How people move bionic limbs with their thoughts like normal limbs? | [
"The advanced prosthetics that work this way are very rare. They use electrodes connected to the nerves that used to control muscles. When they detect electrical signals in the nerves, they move the arm. The user \"learns\" to control the limb just like how a baby learns to control their limbs. You make random sign... | [
"A lot of nerves in your ear canal link to most of your body. Tickling them makes your blood pressure drop and thus leads to pleasure. At least that's what I read. Correct me if I'm wrong."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Health and wellness:"
} |
Why can't we have a universal currency? | [
"We can. Just convince the US and the UK to accept the Euro. Slightly more seriously - a single global currency would be a bad idea. As the EU has found out you get problems when a single member hits recession. The value of the currency falling is an important part of the recovery process as exports from that memb... | [
"In the real world why would anyone want to be a politician?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is radiation poisoning contagious? | [
"Radiation poisoning isn't contagious--but it *does* destroy one's immune system, in severe cases. The reason they must be kept in isolation is because they'd die from the germs others brought to them."
] | [
"Because it's not a virus or strain of bacteria. It's a cell mutation."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
How do linguists understand ancient/dead languages? | [
"For some like Latin while the native populations stopped using it as their primary tongues, thus causing it to be classified as a dead language, specific groups continued to use it. For Latin these groups were the Catholic Church, and Academic Scholars. For others like Ancient Greek they utilize modern variants t... | [
"Hindi is related to English while Finnish and Basque are not. Korean, Japanese and Chinese are unrelated. Swedish and Norwegian are tonal languages like Chinese and Thai (and Cherokee since you ask about American languages) while English and Japanese are atonal. Your question is based on an incorrect premise. Ther... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument about Language and Translation:"
} |
If scabs are intended to protect an open wound from infection, then why do they send a "signal" to the brain that it's itchy? Why would our body create a situation where it's likely to get an infection if we scratch it? | [
"It's not the scab that is itching actually, it's the skin underneath it; The scab is there originally more to keep you from bleeding, the itching is your skin (which has nerve endings) breaking down so it can repair itself. This process uses digestive enzymes, that piss off the nerve endings, making you itchy. It'... | [
"Itches can be caused by any number of things, something harmful being on the skin, allergies, insect bites, skin diseases, etc. Basically any time your body feels like there's something on your skin that shouldn't be, you feel an itch, and your reflex is to scratch it, which would in theory remove whatever it is t... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does crossing your arms the opposite way feel so strange? | [
"Purely muscle memory. If you so anything one way for long enough, changing it up feels off. As another example, have you ever tried switching the hands you hold your knife and fork in? You can do it but... it doesn't feel right."
] | [
"Next time you feel something just force yourself to feel the opposite and see how easy that is."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
how a amputee controls a bionic arm. | [
"There’s electronics that picks up the signals sent to the remainder of the arm and translates this to movement. When you tell a muscle to contract you send a very weak electric signal. The bionic arm will have EMG sensors that pick up the potential difference between a reference point and the signal source (usuall... | [
"? Where did you hear that. Its 100% possible to clone a primate."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
How does coffee become decaffeinated? Is it healthy for you, or is the coffee equivalent of diet sodas? | [
"The method I'm aware of is that they basically wash the beans with liquid Co2, and make \"Co2 coffee\" with it until they have removed at least half the caffeine. I'm sure there are other methods, but this in particular wouldn't make it toxic or anything. Just weaker since it's been used already."
] | [
"I highly recommend against smoking coffee. It's possibly much worse for you than drinking it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What is it that allows the UK prime minsters to resign so often? In the US resignations for the presidency almost never happen, but I hear about it a lot in the UK. | [
"A prime minister style government is different from a presidential style government and it is not just simply a difference in name. In a presidential style government, you vote for the president ( maybe not not exactly, but close enough) . In the a PM style government you vote for candidates from your constituency... | [
"For one thing, the two jobs aren't exactly comparable: France has a semi-presidential system, with a President and a Prime Minister. The Prime Minister is the one that does most of the day-to-day stuff and is responsible for recommending cabinet ministers to the President. In the US, both of those jobs are combine... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How does laughing really hard and feeling extremely sad trigger tears when they’re two different emotions? | [
"There are actually different types of tears! Basically, your body always tries to stay balanced (homeostasis). When we have too much of an emotion to an extreme, we begin to cry. Those tears are different from each other in their chemical makeup. All the signals within our bodies are electrical or chemical (hormon... | [
"For those that do feel tired after crying, it's because crying is cathartic. Crying is caused by many things, but I assume you mean sad crying. Usually crying only happens after you build up emotions and try to hold them back. Releasing the dam leaves you mentally exhausted as you just give in to the pain."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post about Biology:"
} |
If hot air rises, then why does it get colder the higher you go? Where does the hot air go? | [
"The higher you go the less dense the atmosphere becomes. This means there are less molecules which could transfer energy so the overall temperature is less than it would be on earth's surface. Also the molecules in the air lose energy on their way up. Either through radiating it away or colliding with other molecu... | [
"The are a couple of reasons, but the main one is pressure. When you swim at the very top of a swimming pool, you don't feel much pressure. But when you start to dive deeper and deeper, you start to feel the pressure of the water above you being pushed down by gravity. The atmosphere is a lot like a swimming pool. ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Physics:"
} |
Why can’t I take a photo with my flash on at museums or historical locations? | [
"It disturbs other people, and the harsh light can damage historical items such as old fabrics."
] | [
"We're not supposed to use our phones at gas stations?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
why do high pitched sounds hurt for people who can hear them and not for those who can't? | [
"High frequency hearing loss occurs when the sensory hearing cells in your cochlea have become damaged or die. When this occurs there is no longer any feeling."
] | [
"Dogs have better ears means they can pick up sounds too quiet for us to hear or frequencies, it doesn't mean that all sounds they hear are amplified. A dog will hear sounds just as loud as us, but they will also pick up sounds we can't hear, that's what them having better hearing means."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument about Animal hearing:"
} |
Why is our hearing dampened while yawning? | [
"Yawning opens an air canal that pumps air into your ear from inside. (Sneezing, blowing nose, etc does that also). Changed pressure makes it harder to hear, because ears aren't as sensitive to vibrations due this. Sort of like banging a drum (or any similar surface, really) sounds duller if you press your other pa... | [
"A lot of nerves in your ear canal link to most of your body. Tickling them makes your blood pressure drop and thus leads to pleasure. At least that's what I read. Correct me if I'm wrong."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Health and wellness:"
} |
If muscle mass = higher metabolism, then why are marathoners known for having a high metabolic rate, but not the bodybuilders? | [
"Bodybuilders are known for having to eat insane amounts of food. For precisely this reason. Muscles consume a lot of energy to simply exist. That is why our muscles get smaller if we don’t use them, our body is conserving energy. But on the other hand marathon runners do incredible amounts of exercise so they al... | [
"Powerlifter with two world records here. When lifting extremely heavy weights, it's important to cushion your joints, tendons and ligaments to reduce damage. A diet low in fat (like those of body builders as they near competition) would not allow for enough fat to effectively do this. Also, when trying to pack on ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
why is the tipping culture in the US so different from other parts of the world? | [
"[Economic Policy Institute ](_URL_0_) Tipping originated from a hesitation to pay freed slaves the same wages as whites. If I can give you a job but find a way to pay you less based on my perception of your service then it helps to maintain my psychological superiority."
] | [
"Why does Thailand make such a big deal about drugs compared to America? Edit: research the drug laws in some APAC countries like Indonesia, Thailand, etc and you will find that America's drug laws are actually very relaxed in comparison."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why does alcohol stop tasting like alcohol when you're drunk? | [
"Alcohol is a depressant to your nervous system so it dulls all your senses. Similar to if you bump into something while drunk, you don’t feel it until the next day, or why your vision gets blurry while drinking."
] | [
"Hmm, this is the opposite of what I've always been told. Beer before liquor, never been sicker. Liquor before beer, you're in the clear. IMO you should start with higher alcohol beverages because alcohol takes a while for you to gauge how drunk you are, so if you're taking shots late in the night you might end up ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence about Science:"
} |
Why are crabs cooked alive? | [
"Seafood tends to spoil fast. If the animal is alive up until right before you cook it then you know the meat is not spoiled. A lot of the bigger ones are killed and cleaned first."
] | [
"Because they have a better chance of not being eaten by birds, most of which sleep at night."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
How can plants (weeds, grass etc.) push through and break concrete and other hard surfaces from beneath? | [
"Weeds and grass do not break through concrete, Their seeds fall into cracks already existing and then grow. Tree roots from large trees can push through and break concrete. I am in the process of replacing my garage floor because the root of a 100 year old one has pushed through."
] | [
"Gravel is there to protect the underlying waterproof membrane from UV which would shorten its life. It also helps deter animals from gnawing through - not the loose stuff, but the bits that have got stuck in the tar. Rocks - less sure. Perhaps their thermal mass helps reduce stress on the roofing material below."
... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Do we really need to get our wisdom teeth removed? And what takes place after your wisdom teeth are removed? Do they just come back? | [
"Well mine came in sideways and busted through my gums and made it hard to eat/talk. So in my case yes, i needed them removed. There are some people that have them and they come in like normal teeth though."
] | [
"In America we have good dentists. They are able to look at our teeth and tell us whether or not the teeth will be a problem in the future. If the teeth are going to be a problem anyway, why not remove them before they're an issue?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why do most video games only run on Windows and not Mac OS? | [
"The install base of Mac OS is incredibly small compared to Windows. The developers would have to do a lot more coding in order to make the game run on both operating systems, and that would cost money. The ROI would be far lower. Mac OS also isn't really optimized for gaming, so gamers don't tend to use it."
] | [
"Think of an Xbox vs a PlayStation to be like a PC vs a Mac. You can't run Mac software on a PC and you can't run PC software on a Mac. The same problem occurs on an Xbox vs PlayStation. They just don't speak the same \"language\"."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about videogame development:"
} |
After the money bills are printed, how do these bills get in circulation? For sure through banks, but what does the bank do? They purchase a certain amount and pay via fund transfer?? | [
"Banks trade older money to the federal government for fresh new hills and then place those in ATMs and local/regional Banks to be distributed to you (consumer). When you buy something at the store with a torn up or old bill, the store takes money to bank to be deposited and bank does an exchange with the Federal g... | [
"A wire transfer is when a bank transfers money to another bank on behalf of an account holder, for the other bank to then credit one of its account holders. And it is always done exclusively, so a payment is made to the other bank only for the amount in the wire transfer. On the other hand, ordinary ACH bank trans... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
how does your body determine which fat to burn? | [
"> how does the fat get picked It doesn't get picked. It's just easier for your body to use some fat than other fat because of receptor density, blood flow, type of fat, and other factors that are mostly determined by genetics."
] | [
"Lets break this down a bit because the main problem is duplicate names Fats in foods are lipids, fats on you are adipose tissue. Everything you eat gets broken down into its basic blocks which get used for energy(calories). If you're consuming more calories than you burn then your body will pack some away in adipo... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
How does building muscle work? | [
"Your muscles are made of 2 types of fibers: fast twitch and slow twitch. Working out pulls some of the fibers apart a little, which makes your body add more fibers to repair them. More fiber means more strength or endurance. Low weight high reps is slow twitch fiber. They don’t fatigue as fast, but aren’t as stro... | [
"Memory consolidation for your brain and physical rest for skeletal muscle."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post about Health and Wellness:"
} |
Why specifically does the Northern part of Africa have desert land? I’m assuming it’s on the same geographical level as other countries that have no desert at all? | [
"Desert regions are mid latitudes, about 30 degrees from equator both, north and South and towards the west of land masses. The Sahara is lined up with the American deserts Sonoran and Chihuahua. The Mohave and great basin deserts also in America is lined up with Gobi and Turkestan desert. Australian desert lines u... | [
"The reason why the climate appear to be different is because of the distribution of land. The southern hemisphere has a lot more water than the northern hemisphere. Since water temperature doesn't change too much throughout the year, the temperatures and climate in the south are more steady throughout the year. Al... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Can a drug itself cause the disease it is meant to cure? | [
"The chemotherapy agents used to treat cancer can, themselves, give rise to other cancers. So... yes."
] | [
"Humira is a drug that reduces inflammation. Because Humira treats a symptom, rather than the root cause of a disease, it's useful in treating a wide range of diseases that share that symptom. I don't think Humira is advertised as a treatment for depression, all I found online was people asking if depression was a ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why do flatscreen/LCD monitors display random colours and bizzare shapes or patterns upon being cracked? | [
"Like others have mentioned, it can be the glass breaking and causing rainbows (from diffraction). You asked specially about Liquid Crystal Displays, the liquid can flow around when the display is (more accurately, the pixels are) broken. “Flatscreen” is a physical shape and not a method of building a display - the... | [
"Back in the old days of CRT monitors and before screensavers, showing the same thing would \"burn\" whatever was on the screen into the phospors on the inside of the tube. But modern plasma and LCD monitors/TVs are unlikely to get this.... it is possible, but unlikely (and most modern screens now have pixel shifti... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
When a baby/infant recieves am organ transplant, does the organ grow in size with them? Since they're babies, would the organ become "theirs" or might they need another transplant in the future like adults who recieve transplants? | [
"The organs will grow but sometimes the recipient will outgrow the organ, especially kiddos which will require a new transplant. This is often the case for hearts."
] | [
"The transplanted kidney would have taken damage from being transplanted in another person's body. The person who gave the kidney would have had their other kidney get bigger to compensate for the loss of one of their kidneys. There would be little to no benefit/ probably a lot more harm in trying to give back the ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
How do bugs’ legs stick and unstick to everything? | [
"This is going to sound a bit silly but it is true. Insects and other “bugs” have small claws on the ends of their legs. They are light enough that those claws holding on to the tiniest imperfection in the surface is enough to hold them up."
] | [
"They have two varieties of silk, sticky and non-sticky. They step only on the non-sticky silk. They also have oils on their legs that help unstick from the sticky silk. And they do get caught in other spiders' webs."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why our nose runs when we eat spicy food | [
"Your body is perceiving the spicy food as a threat and it is using mucus production to flush the offending material out of the system."
] | [
"Do you also cough when eating popsicles and frankfurters/hot dogs? If so, it might be your technique."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why does car window tinting only work one way, and maybe similarly, how do one-way mirrors work? | [
"Both tinting and mirroring work both ways. The only difference is that if there is a significant difference in illumination in one side against the other the transmitted image intensity outweighs the reflected or vice versa. If you are outside on a sunny day, it's very hard to see into an unlit room through an ord... | [
"The real important part is that word lens. Glass insides are just those. Lenses. They adjust the light so it hits your retina where it should. The different curvatures and thicknesses of the lens do this. Sunglasses on the other hand are not meant to do this. They are just meant to block the sun. This means that ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Technology:"
} |
Why is it that while driving a car you sometimes hear the radio at a wrong pitch? | [
"If you're talking about FM radio as opposed to playback from your phone, I think I can help. So if you have a good enough ear to realize that a song is a half step high, you'll know that if you have two identical song files or tapes and one is played slightly faster/ pitched up higher than the other, it will be pe... | [
"Is it your ears ringing? It would sound like a very high pitched constant tone."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
How is that a choir can sing someone else's music, but a youtuber can't play certain music in their videos? | [
"The right to perform or record a song written by someone else, the right to play a recording of a song in public, and the right to \"sync\" (the legal term) a song recording to video or film are all treated separately legally. For the first one, you have to pay the people who own the publishing rights to the actua... | [
"In most cases, they will infringe copyright. This is why most youtubers use royalty free music. However, they can also change the pitch/frequency only slightly on the music and it will prevent the YouTube bot from discovering the track. This was my research a few years ago, so it may be different now. But also you... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
What happens to an oil field after the oil is pumped out? Does it just leave a void/cavern? Isn't it today to leave that because it could collapse? | [
"Oil isn't in a big cavern underground. It's seeped into the rock, and when a hole is drilled through the pressure of the Earth compressing the rock squeezes the oil out. So when there's no oil left, there's still plenty of rock down there. In some formations depleting the oil/gas can cause some ground subsidence, ... | [
"Groundwater erodes away the limestone underground over time. The soil above it eventually caves in on the void. They could be filled in, but you have to know they are there."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
What's the main difference between DNA and RNA? | [
"Well, RNA is just one spiral instead of a double helix, and is composed of slightly different amines that analog similarly to the ones in DNA (CGAU vs CGAT). RNA contains Uracil rather than Thymine. The other major difference is that there’s one more oxygen molecule bonded into a hydroxyl group (a hydrogen molecu... | [
"It has a few different meanings in different contexts. What setting are we talking about?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument about finance:"
} |
what makes a file format better than other?(speed, file size, etc) for example the new file format of the oneplus 7 pro | [
"What new file format are you talking about? A search for \"new file format oneplus 7 pro\" result in not relevant hits. So can you provide a link to what you are referring to."
] | [
"it's explained on the [original post](_URL_0_) about it, basically the file has do be decoded to play and something about it causes a memory leak in iOS because of the specific decoder it uses EDIT: and thanks for a new way to fuck with my iOS pals"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
How did we manage to map the brain and figure out what each part controls? | [
"Most of the historical information on the function of specific parts of the brain was first discovered by looking at people who had lost those parts of their brain (due to a stroke, physical injury, or whatever else) and seeing what functionality they lost. Someone who lost their Broca's area wasn't able to speak,... | [
"We forget almost everything. Most of what you learn is school you forget. Where you have been. What you did yesterday. Dreams are no exception. We remember things specifically useful for survival. Everyone recalls the details of an escape, or a close encounter with danger. Now is the time of my brain exultation. P... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
What is a step, 1/2 step 1/4 step 1/6 step etc, in music, relating to rhythm/time signatures? | [
"I think step is the wrong word for your question. Steps usually refer to changing pitches. For rhythm, we're looking at notes and rests. & #x200B; looking at 4/4 time which is by far the most common. 4/4 means there are 4 beats per measure, and the quarter note = 1 beat. So 4 quarter notes = 1 full measure. I li... | [
"The notes on a major scale have some distance between them. That distance is called tone. If we got a C major scale, we have the following distance: 1 tone(T)-1T - 1/2T -1 T - T - T - 1/2 T. While on a guitar every key ok the keyboard is half tone distant, we don't need to differentiate the half tones from full to... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
If trees can turn CO2 in oxygen why can't they solve the climatechange-problem | [
"I am no expert on this, but trees do exactly that. There are simply not enough trees compared to the amount of CO2 we are producing."
] | [
"Obviously we wouldn't have to be digging up resources and polluting the earth. On the other hand, all of that extra heat wouldn't be good for the environment."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why can eyes heal so quickly in comparison to other parts of the body? | [
"The scratches are not the same. The scratch 'in' your eye is merely a scratch on the cornea, the outer layer. It's like getting a light scratch on your skin that you can't even feel (like just a white stripe). Those heal very fast, but the scratch on your skin that bothers you is through two or more layers, often ... | [
"You have a higher concentration of nerves in your hand than you have in most other places on your body."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Health and Medicine:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Health and Medicine:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
What constitutes serving size/how is the serving size chosen for certain foods? | [
"Serving sizes are the arbitrary division of a food based on how much they expect you to eat or drink in one sitting. For example, many drinks will based it on 8 or 12 oz, which is a serving of water. But some have begun to realize that you aren't sharing a 20oz of Pepsi, and put the values for the whole bottle. By... | [
"Labeling requirements. Anything with less than 5 calories per serving can be listed as having 0 calories. It's also possible that the serving sizes you're looking at are different, different types of cucumbers are being used, etc."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
If the point at which water changes states from liquid to gas is 100°C, how then, when you spill water on a table or elsewhere, does it eventually (and relatively quickly) become evaporated in ~21°C temperatures? | [
"So boiling happens at points in the water where the water reaches 100C and has enough energy to change state. Evaporation happens at the surface of a volume of water. Random movement of the water molecules occasionally impart enough energy into a molecule of water that it can escape the bonds of the water around i... | [
"It's too hot. The melting point of salt is 800 centigrade - 8x the boiling part of water. So, it can be soluble in water because it instantly vaporizes the water it touches. Getting a gas (water at 800c) to mix with a liquid (salt at 800c) just doesn't go well!"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do foreign plant and animal species only become invasive in their new habitats? | [
"They evolved in a given habitat in conjunction with other species that kept them in check. For example, rabbits have natural predators in Europe. Predator and prey evolved together which ultimately kept their population balanced. More predators caused rabbits to evolve to be more fertile so that they can reproduce... | [
"The primary cause of extinction at this time is loss of habitat resulting from human beings cutting down forests, paving over fields, and otherwise altering existing ecological environments. Additional causes include air pollution and its various side effects such as the increasing acidification of the ocean, glob... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why does the sun appear to move visibly quicker at sunset and sunrise? | [
"Because you have a fixed object (the horizon) as a reference point. When the sun is high in the sky, it's hard to tell how fast it's moving because there's nothing around it. When it gets close to the horizon, it's easy to see its motion compared to something else that's not moving."
] | [
"Because that's where the Moon is at that time. The Moon isn't connected to the day/night cycle (a factor of the Earth's revolution) Imagine these are all gears and wheels turning at different rates. Sometimes the wheels line up one way (moon at night) and other times they line up another way (moon during the day) ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
what muscles are responsible for the cringe sensation? Why does your body react the way it does when such an event occurs? | [
"It's a physical reaction to an emotional trigger. The whole 'cringe' thing is sympathetic embarrassment, as we put ourselves in the subject's place and imagine how we'd feel in that situation."
] | [
"It is your hair follicles that are flexing, resulting in goose bumps and a tingly feeling. It is associated with an emotional response, like when you listen to nice music."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why do the wealthy benefit from welfare? | [
"We have a system where somebody had to do all the crappy jobs but we dont want to pay a lot. Welfare allows people to just kind of scrape by while doing those marginal jobs. For instance a large percentage of Walmart's hourly employees rely on welfare to make ends meet. Welfare represents a cut rate way of maintai... | [
"It's the middle class that gets taxed the most. Welfare for the poor and subsidies for the rich."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does hot tap water sound different than cold tap water? | [
"They have different densities so the cold water is lower pitched than hot water because sound vibrations travel through the hot water more easily."
] | [
"It depends on the type of faucet you have, but in general, it let's both cold and hot water in. If you adjust it to hotter, it's just letting in more hot water and less cold water."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does the scam in the Wolf of Wall Street work? | [
"The pump and dump scheme? I've only seen the movie once when it first came out, but I'm pretty sure that's what it is. Basically you buy a crapload of low value stocks and create a buzz, causing others to buy which increases the price. Once it hits a certain point you sell all your shares at a profit. Its market m... | [
"One of these is not like the others."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Legal:",
"pos": "Represent the comment about Legal:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
When does it become archaeology instead of grave robbing? Does it have to be from a certain era or is there a set amount of years that have to pass or something? | [
"It's archaelogy when you have permission from the relevant authorities, and grave robbing when you don't. Each government sets it's own rules, which might or might not consider the age of the site."
] | [
"In downtown san francisco a few years ago the building of a new building was put on hold for a few months while they had the opportunity to look and excavate portions of a boat that had previously sat on this location, had then been buried in landfill and was now some 6 blocks in from the water and surrounded by s... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do frozen, raw chicken products keep getting recalled for salmonella? Wouldn’t the solution be to cook the product properly? All raw chicken could contain salmonella. | [
"There are two normal issues governing a recall due to salmonella. The first is the actual loading or the amount of salmonella present, so there isn't a recall if there is some salmonella, but if there are substantial amounts of salmonella. The second is if the salmonella is an anti-biotic resistant strain."
] | [
"Beef isn't universally safe to eat undercooked. Ground beef should always be cooked to at least 155F. Steaks can be cooked to at least 130F because the most common beef contaminate (e. coli bacteria) only contaminates the surface of the meat. If you cook a contaminated steak, all the exterior bacteria will be kill... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about nutrition:"
} |
What colour do blue lobsters turn when cooked, and why? | [
"They still turn red, but you'll see a tiny, tiny bit of blue in the Shell lines. They taste the same as a regular lobster. You can get many color variations, inclusing calico blue/orange split."
] | [
"Do you also cough when eating popsicles and frankfurters/hot dogs? If so, it might be your technique."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How does the voice of performers like Michael Buble come across so evenly despite the varying distance between the microphone and his mouth? | [
"Great vocalists have impeccable mic technique. When he’s pulling the microphone away his voice is louder. And when it is closer his voice is softer."
] | [
"The pitch (aka singing the correct tone) is not significantly altered by the way we hear our own voice, so it should be no problem to hit the correct tones, at least if you're capable of doing so in general. Besides that, during live concerts with speakers, there are also speakers directed towards the singers to m... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
what is the difference nutritionally between artificial and natural sugars, like why are the sugars from my apple any better for me than the sugars from my apple lollipop if it’s all still sugar? | [
"Well there's not a chemical difference between the fructose in the apple and the fructose in the lollipop. There are two reasons the apple is better for you. 1. The apple has some vitamin C and probably others 2. The apple has dietary fiber and other complex carbs, which will lead to a smoother blood sugar curve t... | [
"Fruit has sugar in it already. That's why they use high fructose corn syrup in mountain dew - that's just concentrated corn juice, but it's loaded with 'fructose', a kind of sugar. Those drinks that say 'no sugar added' really just mean that they didn't add any pure sugar to the other ingredients, but the ingredie... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
why are areas where your skin was cut or scraped get hot later? | [
"Those areas turn hot and red because blood is being directed to the site of the injury, both for clotting reasons (blood contains platelets which mediate clotting) and immune response reasons (blood also contains white blood cells, which mediate the immune response)."
] | [
"You can also get an uncomfortable feeling because that part of your skin hasn't touched anything in a while. The nail protected it from touching and pressure."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
When a human is buried in a coffin, what actually happens with the dead organic matter? | [
"depends how much embalming fluid there is in their veins. generally, after 10 years there's a lot of liquid in there, recognizable skin and bones lots of hair and a dank smell. if the coffin leaks and doesn't flood they get leathery but if it collapses its usually just dirt and bones. i woked at a cemetery. peopl... | [
"There need to be special conditions so fossils get formed. The fossilization process has to happen before the body gets eaten by bacteria and such which usually take care of dead bodies."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What are our bodies actually doing when we "suck in" our gut? | [
"Your “gut” ie your intestine is very soft. So when you contract your abdominal muscles, they push your lower abdominal cavity back. As well, you may notice you breathe in when you preform this. There is connective tissue all over your upper and lower chest cavity, when you breathe the diaphragm moves some other th... | [
"I'm not a fitness guru by any means, but when you lift you tighten muscles and push hard. People might have to train themselves to not strain the diaphragm as well (the muscle that pushes your lungs). Sort of like training your pinky not to move when you flex your ring finger."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do whales sleep without drowning? | [
"apparently they don't really sleep, it's more like napping... [_URL_0_](_URL_0_)"
] | [
"Your face is swollen when you wake up from sleeping? You might want to stop sleeping hanging upside down, mate."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
why there is a concept of article in most of the romance languages while there is no such concept in Latin. | [
"It's been a while since I studied r/latin, but my understanding is that the definite articles in the modern Romance languages (and possibly also “the” in English through Roman contact with various Germanic tribes) are descended from *ille, illa, illud* in Latin."
] | [
"You are probably having this kind of perception because you only is seeing the European languages, and most of them came from the same origins. As PubliusVA posted, a lot languages don't use \"no\" to mean \"no\"."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How come even when a part of your body is missing (like my dad’s big toes), you can still feel “phantom pains” sometimes? | [
"So nobody is entirely sure. There are a few theories though. One theory is that the your brain does a check on your body and when it notices something wrong it causes pain to be with what used to be your arm for example. Another theory is that say you lost an arm your brain re wires the nerves to a different are... | [
"They have nerves inside them so you can feel sensations like heat and obliviously pain. It's not like your finger tips because whatever is causing the sensation has to be potent enough to penetrate inside the tooth. If you have prosthetics your teeth will never hurt."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
what is a zero-sum game? | [
"A game where all the value is in play at the beginning and none is added or created as you go. If we're playing poker, just the two of us, then every chip you lose i gain that exact chip and every chip i lose you gain. At the end of the round there are exactly as many chips on the table as there were before the ro... | [
"reward system wants now reward, not the end of long work reward."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
what are hangnails? And how do they form? | [
"Hangnails are just torn skin around your fingernails. Usually happens when your skin is dry or when biting your fingernails. To prevent hangnails, try to keep your hands hydrated in the warmer months and avoid biting your nails. Most of the pain comes from trying to rip them off. The hangnail sometimes makes your ... | [
"...acids and/or irritation. This is a pretty easy one to google if you like. Canker sores are different from cold sores too, which is good to know. Usually young people (under 30) get canker sores more often, but they can happen to anyone."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do some open world games have minimal or no loading screens while others are heavily invested in them as the player moves from one area to another? | [
"It's a choice by the game company. There are ways to load the next area while you're still playing, but doing this is often technically complicated and requires additional time and therefore money. It's easier to just show a loading screen. Games that invest in smarter loading often do it because it's a key part ... | [
"The terms used are pretty descriptive. Like a sandbox, you can build whatever you want in a sandbox game. Like an open world, you can go wherever you want and do things, but you aren't necessarily building the world. Using well known examples, GTA is open world because you can go fuck around all you want instead o... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why don’t bullets hit below where someone is aiming? | [
"You can adjust the reticle up/down/left/right to compensate for this. That way at a certain distance your shot will land where pointing."
] | [
"Let me answer your question with another question: if you tape a grenade to the back of someone's head and pull the pin, what happens to the front of their head? Same thing, more or less."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How exactly do faucets work? They look like saxophones so how does water go up the pipes? | [
"Water pressure: either from a pump or water tower creates pressure and makes water come out the faucet"
] | [
"Think of straws. You know how you get the drops in a straw after u you've taken a drink? The ones that take up the entire space inside for a few millimeters? They stay there unless you blow them out, it's the same thing except the tube is open at one end only do you can't just blow in one end to push them out. Ne... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
If bugs are attracted to bright lights, why don’t they fly towards the sun during the day? | [
"They’re not naturally attracted to lights; they evolved to use the Sun and Moon for navigation. When they fly past an artificial light source, their tiny brains think they’re off-course, and they turn towards the light to compensate."
] | [
"Moths, for example, used the moon as a way to orient themselves when flying around. Now when there's a candle it'll think it's the moon and it'll keep spiraling into it and hit it by accident, not because it wants to commit suicide."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph about Science:"
} |
What are some signs that someone has a personality disorder (sociopathic and such)? | [
"Personality disorders are really serious and shouldn’t be taken lightly. Symptoms would need to be continuous and persistent. some of them include a fear of being unstable, funny enough. You might be constantly worried there’s something wrong with you. you could also get paranoid to an incredibly stressful point ... | [
"Depends on the disorder. For example, a person with OCD usually would, but a person with paranoid schizophrenia most likely wouldn't. People with personality disorders like borderline and narcissistic personality disorders are notorious for not realizing their behavior isn't normal as well."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
If the universe is expanding, do planets get smaller the further away they are from where the Big Bang occured? | [
"The Big Bang didn’t happen at a specific place. It was not the explosion of a dense ball into an empty void, it was the transition of the universe from hot and dense *everywhere* to cool and mostly-empty everywhere. Space itself grew, causing the overall density of the universe to drop."
] | [
"That's a tough question, but for a 6 year old it would be suffice to say that our worlds best scientists noticed something very interesting when they look at far away stars and galaxies with telescopes. They see that everything is racing away from us. The scientists realized that if they are racing away from us, t... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Physics:"
} |
Why does the light at sunrise look so different from sunset? | [
"When the sun is rising you're getting indirect, diffuse light which is slowly and steadily increasing, as the sun gets closer to the horizon - going from black to blue. It happens the exact opposite when the sun is setting. Direct light becomes indirect and diffuse, turning from blue to black. They don't actually ... | [
"The red is caused by the Moon being in the shadow of the Earth's atmosphere. You see the same thing at Sunrise and Sunset when the sky turns red. That red is falling on the Moon."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
What are the chemical properties of Instant Mac and Cheese that makes it cook that quick? AKA how does the cheese work with the white powder to thicken the liquid? | [
"The noodles are just freeze dried, they're fully cooked. They simply need water to rehydrate them, which only takes a few minutes. No other chemical magic is necessary."
] | [
"They don't make everything from scratch in each restaurant. Things are made in a factory and shipped to the stores, similar to how you'd buy a box of Mac and Cheese. Inside they have a packet of \"cheese\" powder. You make Mac and Cheese at home when you open the box and follow the instructions, but that doesn't m... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Is there any point in having 2 separate nostrils? why don’t we just have 1 large intake hole instead of 2? Wouldn’t it be more effective? | [
"The nostrils are for warming, humidifying, and filtering the air we breathe. Having two increases the surface area as well as allowing shorter hairs for the filtering process."
] | [
"Basically because having 2 kidneys/lungs is somehow advantageous for survival but 2 hearts, livers or stomachs isn't (or not enough). For lungs I can say that you need 2 for heavy exercise because you need that volume. So why not just 1 big lung? Well, it makes it harder for infections to spread (so when 1 lung is... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why does pressing harder on a TV remote with near flat batteries, seem to work better? | [
"As the batteries die, they push out lower voltage. The buttons are basically conductive dots that bridge a contact under the button and complete a circuit, making the led flash in a certain way to tell the TV what to do. Pushing harder can make a better contact, allowing the led to light up \\ flash brighter when ... | [
"The worst is that they are defective, either catching on fire, or sending way too much voltage into your device causing damage. More often, the voltage may be a bit off, causing your touch screen to misbehave while plugged in. Good ones work fine."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
why do people sell their things to pawn shops when they can sell it to auctions for a much better price? | [
"You sell to a pawn shop when you need the cash right that second. You are facing eviction or want to keep the power on or need to buy drugs. It's for when you haven't got time for an auction."
] | [
"You have less negotiating power, and are a higher risk seller, than a company that sells diamonds. As a result, you'll get less money if you try to sell the diamond than if they try to sell the diamond. The value hasn't done down at all, just the amount of money you could trade it for."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
How does a tracking device like a Garmin watch or Strava mob app know what elevation you are, no matter where you are? | [
"It's just GPS, because of the way it calculates your location it always knows your altitude too, not just latitude and longitude. Flat street maps just don't show it, because it's no use to you."
] | [
"Sometimes yes, sometimes no! If you're interested in - for example - oxygen levels then you want to know altitude above sea level. If you're interested in knowing how far you're going to have to climb, just 'how high above the start point' itself isn't all the significant since you're really going to want to under... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why does the body need to be trained for cardio? What does your body do when at first u can’t run 1 mile but after a while u can run 10? | [
"None of the three answers yet actually address the question, IMHO. I’ll take a stab at it: Your body’s constantly trying balance a bunch of finite resources. If your heart doesn’t need to pump much blood all the time, the energy to maintain the heart muscle to do that would be better spent somewhere else. Cardio ... | [
"As an experienced runner, I'n just going to simply say that you should run for 10 minutes per day. I personally feel terrible when running after having not run for more than two or three days. It's sort of like setting yourself back by not running consistently. Also, I recommend trying to run a certain distance ra... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why do videos from the early internet have such weird audio quality? | [
"Bad, early file compression algorithms. Back in the day average internet speeds were very slow compared to today, and the need for small file sizes combined with early compression algorithms, leading to a serious loss of detail."
] | [
"That and many other factors. Lighting, color grading etc. Also, i remember back in the day when TV was still analog, there’s a certain kind of feel to each channel."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
why does birth control need to be taken at the same time every day? If you take it randomly what happens? | [
"Dr here, it’s because drugs have an optimal live during the blood streams, lets say 8hours... if you take pills too early it is more easy for you to have side effects because the dose accumulates, in the other hand if you take pills too late the effect will be sub-therapeutic (not very effective). Btw, NEVER take ... | [
"The pill has already done its job, you don't need to take those. The reason those placebo pills are there is so you don't mess up your pill schedule. If they just tell you \"Only take 21 pills, then rest 7 days\", they increase the chance that you forget when you are supposed to go back to taking the pill. Has it ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
what determines the type of batteries an electronic is assigned to? AAA, AA, the circle ones, etc | [
"They look at how much power the device needs to consume, and try to pick a battery big enough to power it for a conveniently long time, but small enough to avoid making the device too big/heavy."
] | [
"They all have the same voltage they just have a larger pool of energy to pull from. With a proper adapter it's perfectly possible to replace a AAA with a D battery or D with a AAA. The only difference is the D will last longer before needing replacing. If you stack batteries in series they do provide a higher vol... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
How does crying work? | [
"Here's an article that probably answers your question: _URL_0_"
] | [
"So what is it about human physiology that makes this work differently for us?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does gum get stiff immediately when you drink water but not when you chew and add saliva? | [
"The water you drink is almost always cooler than body temperature. The cold makes it hard, not the wet."
] | [
"Pour a bunch of sugar on a piece of paper. Put the sugar and paper in your mouth and chew it. Once you don't taste any more sugar, spit the paper out. Do you think you just consumed some calories even though you didn't eat any paper? The answer is yes. Same concept applies to gum."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Dentistry:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Dentistry:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why does the US spend so much money on military? | [
"I'm really not qualified to answer this question, but this is my take. As a superpower with a lot of resources, the us is capable of a lot if influence. Some of that influence comes in the form of bases in remote areas of the world, which remain far longer than the original propose. They get entrenched in the loca... | [
"If that actually happened, there would probably be a lot of geopolitical chaos, but it's not that simple. The US wastes billions of dollars in wasteful spending contracts that ends up in the pockets of CEO's of military supply companies, rather than actually going toward defense. So cutting the defense budget and... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why do our noses get clogged and why is it so difficult to unclog them? | [
"I’m not sure why they get clogged in general but I did read on ELI5 once that one nostril is always more clogged than the other because of the ‘contact time’ for smells. Some smells need to be in the nose longer to fully register and are slowed down by the mucus for that to happen! Thought it was pretty interestin... | [
"It's basically snot. Your eyes are actually connected to your sinuses, so mucus from your nasal cavity can come through your test ducts. Also the reason you get a runny nose when you cry. The eye crust helps clear dirt from your eyes while you sleep. Just keep clearing it away like you do. It's not dissimilar to b... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Health and Physiology:"
} |
Why is it portrayed in movies that if you get bigger to smaller people you look like you're moving slowly | [
"When we walk forward, we are actually falling over forwards, only to stop ourselves with a foot. Gravity is the same value even at the larger scales, and so their limbs would fall at the same rate, but since they are so big there is much more distance for the limbs to travel before they hit the ground. With regard... | [
"Well they believe the action is worth a high five but the person is probably on a stage so they just high five themselves"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Durag, is it just a fashion accessory or does it have function? | [
"**Waves** are a hairstyle for curly hair in which the curls are brushed and/or combed and flattened out, creating a ripple-like pattern. The hairstyle begins with a short-cropped haircut and frequent brushing and/or combing of the curls, which trains the curls to flatten out. Pomades and moisturizers can help hold... | [
"It takes a lot more than one head of hair to make a wig, weirdly enough."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do whips make a cracking sound | [
"The tip, when you flip or crack it, breaks the sound barrier. So it’s all in how you crack the whip. There must be enough speed for it to break the sound barrier"
] | [
"A clapper is the part, in the middle of a bell, that strikes the body of the bell and creates the sound. If you ring a handbell really fast, the clapper whips back and forth like crazy. That’s the origin. It sounds old-timey as hell, and I have no idea who came up with some of he phrases from that era."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
how can people fall pregnant if they miss one contraceptive pill? | [
"Yes. It's possible. The pill controls your hormone levels in the body, and missing one can cause your hormone levels to change just enough to trigger ovulation, or egg release."
] | [
"It would not work like a morning after pill/ emergency contraceptive pill. Someone more qualified can answer precisely what would happen but if that's where your line of thought is going please go to a pharmacy. The woman could get very ill. An overdose could result in large blood pressure changes, huge headaches,... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
What physically causes the feeling in your stomach when you get nervous/anxious? | [
"The vagus nerve! It connects the parasympathetic nervous system in the brain (which controls digestion) to your stomach. The vagus nerve responds to fear and stress hormones and causes your stomach to react physically. [Source](_URL_0_)"
] | [
"Nausia is just your stomach telling your brain that something is wrong, same as you feeling pain when you stub your toe. Its your stomach/intestines way of telling your brain \"Hey, something is wrong please be careful and give me a bit to sort thing back out\" if you stub your toe youll jump around, not trying to... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
If supermarkets have a defined science/art as to where products are located, why are they all different? | [
"Numerous factors- 1 Store size. Different stores are different sizes, and shapes depending on the area they are situated and the availble space/ planned market.. What works for one floor plan doesn't neccesarily work for another. 2 customers. Customers in different areas like different things, so different branch... | [
"Because average people are the highest market share of purchasers. Therefore you put your items at their eye level so that they the most time seen. Tall people are a less important market, therefore they can be shunted down the bottom. Further, higher levels are reserved for more expensive products because people ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What exactly is dust? | [
"Dust is made of fine particles of solid matter. On Earth, it generally consists of particles in the atmosphere that come from various sources such as soil, dust lifted by wind (an aeolian process), volcanic eruptions, and pollution. Dust in homes, offices, and other human environments contains small amounts of pla... | [
"Maybe let's start with: what is ring tone rap?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
How does one develop a "taste" for a food or beverage that they initially disliked? | [
"Positive association is a huge part. If you've ever noticed in life a lot of things you like or came to like are linked to fond memories. So even if it's something you disliked and you try it during a good time with friends, or even just having a really decent day your perception can begin to change the more it ha... | [
"Children are pre-disposed (genetically) to like sweet things and be repelled by bitter things. My understanding of this is that it is a evolutionary poisoning prevention method, bitter plants are more likely poisonous than sweet ones. As we grow up, the bitter aversion decreases and we are able to appreciate the d... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does honey have an eternal shelf life? | [
"The sugar content is so high that bacteria cannot survive in it, due to the osmotic pressure."
] | [
"OJ needs to be refrigerated because it usually doesn't contain preservatives. Preservatives have more of a negative effect on OJ flavor than most juices."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Food and Beverage:"
} |
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