query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1 value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
What is DNS over HTTPS? | [
"It's an experimental way of providing DNS resolution via HTTPS. It provides the advantage of not being vulnerable to Man-in-the-middle attacks (due to the TLS encryption in HTTPS), preventing DNS spoofing."
] | [
"The Tor Project is Awesome. If you can afford a VPN-That's better!"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do some cultures love capsaicin, and some absolutely hate it? Where did the enjoyment of spicy foods come from? | [
"In warm climates, food will rot and turn rancid a lot faster than in cold climates. In order to keep food longer, as well as to hide the taste of rot, spices are added to food. Spices that include capsaicin, such as chilis, are especially effecting for slowing rot. So the cultures in hot climates had to either dea... | [
"Capsaicin in spicy food is what causes the burning sensation in your mouth. The capsaicin triggers a response from your brain that makes it seem as though something awful is going on in your mouth, hence the pain. When you go number two, the capsaicin causes the nerve endings around your anus to trigger the same r... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
What is it that causes cysts/spots to rupture with such force? | [
"The spot is visible because of pressure build up so when you pop the skin the small amount of pressure that there is, forces the gunk out. With toothpaste the only pressure comes from your fingers so it will come out as hard as you squeeze"
] | [
"It all has to do with the amount of swelling and the speed at which it swells. So pimples form quicker and larger causing increased pressure of the local tissue."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Health and Wellness:"
} |
Why does it thunder after lightning strikes? | [
"They are both happening at the same time. But the speed of sound is slower than the speed of light. So you hear it after you see it."
] | [
"It is just lightning that is too far away for you to hear the thunder. It takes the right atmospheric conditions for you to see it. It is often called \"heat lightning\" but there is nothing different about it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do sailboats navigate against the wind? | [
"They can't go directly against the wind. But if they appreciate at an angle they can deflect some of the wind behind them to get some forward motion. If they simply sat on the surface of the water this would the wind would still cause the boat to slide downwind. However they sit \"in\" the water, often with a fin... | [
"Wind blows in different directions at different heights. So they raise or lower the altitude of the balloon to find a current that is going the way they want to head."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why do old films from the early 20th century make people look unnatural in their movements? | [
"Primarily because they are recorded at a low frame rate due to limitations of the film (and cost) and played back at different speed. This causes some hello herky jerky motion until they managed better recording and playback speeds. Modern directors still use this from time to time for various cinematic effects, l... | [
"If your reference is movies and TV, that is generally because those are actually actors and actresses in their 20s (sometimes even 30s) most of the time. So they really are older. If you are talking about photos, it is generally due to the types of clothing worn and the haircuts that are popular. Often the clothi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
why do your eyes water when you choke? | [
"Two reasons. The first is due to how the body reacts to things. When you choke on something, in addition to the usual coughing to attempt to expel the offending food item, your body also increases secretions of fluid/mucus in the throat to attempt to lubricate the throat and make it easier to remove the thing you... | [
"do they squirm when you squeeze them? if so yes."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the argument about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
why do people freak out when you "disrespect the flag" but if you go to the beach you'll find half a dozen people sitting on American flag beach towels? | [
"Because it isn’t really disrespecting the flag that they care about. That’s just a proxy for their disagreement with the protesters who use the flag as a symbol of the issue their protest is intended to highlight. They are uncomfortable being direct about their disagreement, so they attempt to reframe the issue in... | [
"I think most native americans wouldn't be offended by a non native American wearing legitimate clothes but the Indian costumes they sell are kinda like dressing up like a leprechaun and saying your irish or walking around with watermelon in one hand fried chicken in the other and saying your black"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How does a person become a carnie? | [
"Start smoking meth immediately. Added bonus for unfiltered cigarettes. Shower yourself once every 2 weeks in rams piss and have a friend knock a couple teeth out."
] | [
"Aka how can I become a cult leader?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
How can non-ionizing radiation cause radiation injuries? | [
"Even though microwaves are low energy waves, there's still always a chance of radiation damage from any kind. If enough of the waves hit an electron in your dna then it can ionize. Non ionizing just means that one wave will not cause ionization in your body. It's all chance based, and since there's a ton of waves ... | [
"Cockroaches can withstand higher levels of radiation because they lack soft tissues, which are the most vulnerable to radiation poisoning."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why does club soda work so well getting stains out? | [
"Club soda, and all carbonated beverages, contain carbonic acid. This is a by product of the carbonation process. This acid breaks apart the stain from the fibers of your clothes making them clean."
] | [
"Rinse, yes. Wash, no. For the detergent to work properly it needs residues to stick on to and wash off."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do they isolate oxygen to fill tanks with? | [
"Most of the time is is done by cooling down air and when you reach the temperature oxygen become a liquid you can extract it. Air is mostly Nitrogen. oxygen, water, argon and carbon dioxide . The water and carbon dioxide will become a liquid(solid before oxygen and the other will become a liquid after It is a bit... | [
"Air itself is 78% nitrogen by volume, so it's kind of silly to go out of the way to find pure N2 for your tires. Don't waste your time."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why are computers and electronics in general restricted to binary system (0 and 1)? Why not 0,1 and 2? | [
"I'm no expert, but as I understand it that is because power is either flowing or not flowing to/through a system. Thus binary. Building a system that has three states becomes harder as the sizes we are talking about make perfectly steady streams of power difficult."
] | [
"A bit is a unit of information expressed as either a 0 or a 1. 8 bits is simply a string of 8 1s or 0s. While 16 bits is a string of 16 1s or 0s. If we have 1 bit of information, we can represent two things: 1 and 0 If we have 2 bits of information, we can represent four things: 00, 01, 10 and 11 If we have n bit... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
How do paper cups not get wet? | [
"Paper cups usually have a waterproof wax lining. Alcohol - I.e. ethanol happens to be a good solvent and might erode some of that layer making it translucent."
] | [
"Why do I feel as though my bottles of water don't do this but instead just freeze normally in the freezer?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
why does the taste and texture of whiskey changes when you keep a shot in your mouth for some time ie 30 seconds, before you swallow it? | [
"I would imagine its not whiskey that changes texture but delicate skin in your mouth and tongue react to being bathed in strong alcohol."
] | [
"It probably means you are thirsty/dehydrated. Drink a full glass of water and wait 10 minutes"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Food and Beverage:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Food and Beverage:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How come 25 degrees celsius feels hot outside but cold in water ? | [
"I would think it's due to water having a higher thermal conductivity than air. Thermal conductivity is the amount that something is able to transmit heat to something else. Basically water conducts heat away from your body at a much higher rate than air does."
] | [
"I don't think they are colder than the room, it just feels that way. Unless you keep the room at 96.5degrees F, most room temperatures are much colder than normal body temps"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What does it take to convert matter into energy, and would it cause an explosion? Why, exactly, would it cause an explosion if it would? | [
"the most common method to convert matter into energy is combustion ( burning it ), this reaction produces thermal (heat) energy, and a small amount of kenetic (movement) energy from expanding gases. in a car those expanding gases are used to push the pistons in the engine. in a steam engine the thermal energy is u... | [
"Because the faster something travels the more mass it has. At the speed of light, a single proton would have infinite mass, and would take an infinite amount of energy to move at the speed of light. So to get just one proton to the speed of light it would take more energy than we can see in the whole universe."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Physics:"
} |
Why can electric cars brake solely on induction? | [
"When braking through induction the brake force isn't just depending on the strength of the magnet but also the speed of the car. At low speeds induction braking practically does nothing no matter the strength of the magnet as induction depends on the rate of change of the magnetic field and at low speed (=slow rot... | [
"Because the combustion engine uses the combustion to charge the battery via a generator (alternator in a car). The electric car uses the battery to run the car. So using a battery to charge a battery is both pointless and will result in a net loss of energy due to heat. Also, electric cars do charge themselves whe... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why do wounds hurt more when they get wet? | [
"Guessing as well but I thought it because of two reasons. One being is that your nerves are exposed on a wounded skin and react to stimuli much stronger. And reason 2 is that water washes away protective layer of blood and once again exposes nerves."
] | [
"Why do the glands in my neck burn like high hell when I'm holding back tears?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do some countries have different names in different languages? | [
"In Russian, German is немецкий, I believe, and from what I remember my Russian teacher telling us years ago, it stems from the phrase “the mutes” or “unable to speak,” because when Slavs first met Germans way back when, they obviously didn’t speak the same language and couldn’t understand each other, so the Slavic... | [
"Why do some parts of the world call gasoline petrol?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
What spirts are used with Enochian Magic | [
"Actually I would say various spirits. But I suppose it is more heavily angel aligned than the rest out there. Might wanna look at r/occult, too."
] | [
"They are to mark what type of soda is in the cup."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why some DJ's press unnecessary buttons in the mixer while performing? | [
"Just because you didn't hear anything doesn't mean it didn't do a thing.. He was probably mixing under his headphones, preparing a transition, cue another song up, layer the beats. And a good dj would do all this in a way that someone who doesn't know the tracks won't notice a hard difference"
] | [
"First off, there is a major difference between DJs and producers like the ones you listed. Deadmau5 has many videos of him during production, and there is a video out there of Armen Van Buren step by step telling the camera everything he is doing while performing. Deadmau5 has his whole setup playing the song live... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is early to bed considered better than late to bed even if get the same amount of sleep? | [
"Humans rely on 2 kinds of sleep cycles to achieve the complete benefits of sleep, named after observable eye-bahavior that occurs during each cycle (REM = rapid eye movement, N-REM = non-rapid eye movement). These cycles primarily occur during different periods of the night. If you do not sleep adequately through ... | [
"Most likely, yes. Your sleep cycle is divided into parts like deep sleep and REM, and you go through several such cycles every night during a normal eight-hour rest. Now, if your three-hour rest was interrupted halfway through a cycle, that can be very disruptive. But as long as you are able to get a high quality ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Sleep and its effects on the body:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text about Sleep and its effects on the body:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How does the separation between a forest and a feild occur naturally, without the help of Man? | [
"Meadows are areas that support plant life that uses shallow surface water but nothing much deeper than 1m. It’s difficult for trees to take hold in this spongier ground. Fire plays a part. As does grazing. _URL_0_"
] | [
"In a few decades the trees will have grown into big forests and forests can be cut down and sold for money. In general it is better for the economics of a region to plant trees rather then do nothing with the land."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why not use 48 Hz for interlaced broadcasting? | [
"If i remember correctly broadcasting is highly relative to power lines frequency which is 50 Hz in some countries. For example North American NTSC system works with 60 Hz."
] | [
"In order to maintain an aspect ratio of 16:9 and formatting for film and television the ASTC standards were created. Televisions have [always] had 480, 720 or 1080 which refers to the number of lines. HE TV just utilizes that standard so \"HD\" images broadcast to your monitor can still be displayed regardless of ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
What happens to people who got in debt from medical care but then they're unable to pay them at all and it's all too late? | [
"The hospital can send it to collections. If they think they can get any sort of money out of you they may sue you and get a court order to garnish wages or force the sale of some assets. If you're, say, a broke homeless person that won't ever likely have significant money they won't bother and will just eat the lo... | [
"They don't pay the bills, generally. The hospital doesn't make you pay upfront or anything, they provide the service then send the bill. A lot of people default on them. A large number of bankruptcies include or are due to medical bills. Countless more people aren't paying and aren't even in a financial state wher... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Finance:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Finance:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do battery charges work? How is it contained and recharged? (Laptops, Phones etc) | [
"The charger is applied in parallel (positive to positive and negative to negative) In this configuration the voltage difference is what pushes the charge into the battery. The higher voltage of the charger pushes the charge to battery and its converted to chemical charge (exactly what depends on the battery). Fo... | [
"It's not always good to discharge your batteries before charging them. It depends of the kind of battery you have. For example, LiPo or Lithium Polymer batteries, should not be taken below 2.7 volts per cell. Make sure you read the directions that come with your charger or battery."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
why on some but not all rollercoasters are prosthetics not allowed? | [
"The more intense a rollercoaster, the more safety risks there are. My dad's lost a phone or two to rollercoasters, and one time his glasses! It's way more debilitating to lose a limb, even an artificial one, than a phone or glasses. Also a lot more expensive! And if something goes wrong where people need to get to... | [
"The bristles are called shirt brushes. The sides of escalators that the steps ride agenst are called scirts. The scirts brushes are there to gently nudge your feet or any other part of your body away from the scirts. That aria is varry easy to get a body part stuck in, and then sucked into the unit causing great b... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
How does hearing help you with balance? | [
"Hearing itself doesn't help you balance. Your inner ear helps with balance. It's filled with fluid that helps you determine what direction up is. When you're spinning around and stop the fluid takes a few seconds to slow down which is what makes you dizzy."
] | [
"The parts of the brain that control speech are different than the ones that control singing."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage about Music:"
} |
Why is the middle east important to the US? | [
"Oil. Control of trade routes. Buffer communism. It’s important to us because it’s important our adversaries."
] | [
"The main reason is because of the religious background of the United States."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why would active criminals willingly be filmed in a documentary? | [
"This is a great series!!! I don’t know why people would allow themselves to be filmed either. I’m sure it had to be approved at the top of the drug people’s chain. Perhaps they want to show the breadth of their power and operations."
] | [
"There are probably more... but if you committed a crime, why would you want to broadcast your crime all over the internet?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Law and Entertainment:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Law and Entertainment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
When something gets in your eye, where does it go? | [
"If the thing in your eye doesn’t get out of your eye, then it might go inside your eye or your eye lid, and then it might get infected. But if it’s small enough, sometimes your body will absorb it and rip it apart into even tinier pieces and put them elsewhere in your body."
] | [
"It gives you the chance to hold something and breath without swallowing. Imagine if the substance was blood, poison, or saltwater: would you really want to swallow? By the same token, say your mouth is full of water and you try to breathe through your nose; do you want that water going into your lungs? It's all to... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Health and Wellness:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Health and Wellness:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
what happens to the donors dna when an organ was transplanted or the blood was transferred? | [
"The donor's DNA is going to stay inside the cells of the organ and will persist through the life of said organ. It will be like a tree cutting that is grafted onto another tree, that organ will always have the DNA of the donor. Blood actually mostly contains red blood cells which don't have a nucleus and so don't ... | [
"they take swabs of saliva from the inside of your cheek to check your dna. blood samples would only used for situations where you weren't available (blood left at the scene of a crime). even then, a blood transfusion would generally be a small part of your total blood, and over a relatively short period of time be... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
how is mathematics used to explain/describe things? | [
"The question is a bit broad, what do you mean with something real? I mean, take a ball used for golf. There are equations that represent a sphere. There are equations to calculate the surface area, the volume, the radius, etc. With all this math can explain something real. It also works on a bit more abstract thin... | [
"I think you have to be more specific as to what you want to know. Quantum mechanics is a HUGE field of study. It'd be like asking \"can you explain the internet to me?\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Mathematics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument about Mathematics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument about Physics:"
} |
Why there are so many different variations of SSRI? | [
"To add to this, even ones that are supposedly the “same” can act in very different ways. I was on a generic of Wellbutrin for depression and it worked GREAT. My insurance company forced me to switch to a mail order company and guaranteed the same service and prescriptions for a cheaper price. Well, the ones they ... | [
"It has a few different meanings in different contexts. What setting are we talking about?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text about finance:"
} |
What massage therapists mean when they say I have “a lot of knots”? | [
"A knot is a spot in your muscle where tension is \"stuck\" causing the muscle to be tense all the time which has a negative effect on the body an possibly cause pain."
] | [
"The proper term for a 'knot' is 'hypertonicity', (hyper meaning extra and tonicity meaning tension), They are caused by overworking a muscle. Little dealies in the muscle (Golgi Tendon Apparatus) tell the muscle where it is in relation to the rest of your body (it's how you can flip your lightswitch in the dark). ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why does sleeping make you so dehydrated? | [
"Because your metabolism still uses water while you're sleeping (as a termoregulator, for many cell functions and etc.), and spending eight hours without drinking it will make you dehydrated."
] | [
"My guess is that ten hours without eating or drinking makes you hungry and dehydrated."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment about Sleep and its effects on the body:"
} |
How languages like Chinese, Japanese and Arabic, with their own writing systems can be written with the latin alphabet? Can latin languages and English be written in their systems? | [
"We're just making a close approximation of the pronounced syllables. Even though the letters are different, the sounds are mostly the same, so we can just write what the sounds are. If everyone knows what the letters are supposed to represent in another language, and how to pronounce those letters, it becomes easy... | [
"It's not really the language itself that's simplified: when spoken, there's absolutely no difference. It's the character system, which has been simplified to make it easier to write and read."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
How do animals that only eat meat or only eat specific types of plants get all their nutrients the way humans are recommended to get? | [
"Specifically using cats as an example. Cats are obligate carnivores, cats can only eat meat. Cats can produce vitamin C in their bodies. Humans can’t, humans need to eat vitamin C. Humans are not cats."
] | [
"Humans are omnivores. That doesn't just mean we *can* eat a wide variety of foods, it means we *must* eat a variety. Every evolutionary advance, it seems, is a compromise: in return for being able to eat many foods, our bodies don't produce everything we need - the missing ingredients are vitamins and amino acids.... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
How did map makers know what the world looked like back in the year 0? Did they use special equipment or such? | [
"Land surveyors. They went out and measured manually. Hundreds and hundreds of miles. Once you know the measurements you can scale them onto a map. Seems almost impossible, but a team working on it all day for many months or years could cover significant ground."
] | [
"Most of Earth's land (and population) is in the northern hemisphere. Putting most of the important parts on the bottom of the globe didn't make much sense when all the maps were being drawn in the 18th and 19th centuries."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Physics:"
} |
How did the Vikings and other seafarers of yore manage to sail to specific locations (ports, beaches) when the compasses they had only indicated direction? | [
"Most \"seafarers of yore\" overwhelmingly tried to keep within sight of a coastline whenever they could. In situations where this wasn't possible, they referred to the stars, ocean currents, and (when available) compasses. Vikings were pretty good at this, Polynesians were *great*. It is hard to overstate just how... | [
"Africa was very well mapped because those trade routes were important. Navigating by ship from western Europe around Africa and into India was extremely important and significantly easier compared than hauling cargo by land. Cartographers didn't completely map North America right away because it wasn't important f... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do red wines almost always have corks, but white wines usually have caps? | [
"The screw cap does not allow any oxygen in. This is an advantage on a lot of white wines. Corks do allow some oxygen in. This can smooth out the tannins in red wine. If you were to use a screw cap, it could have a harsher taste. White wines are not as often aged. You tend to buy them, and drink them relativity qui... | [
"Only wine where the bottle is closed off with actual cork needs to be stored on its side. The reason is that the cork otherwise dries out and won't seal correctly any more which will make the wine go bad. Modern bottles that are closed off with a screw cap or synthetic cork do not require being stored on their si... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why does data stop working while calling? | [
"It depends on your carrier. You are most likely using a CDMA carrier such as Sprint and this type of infrastructure does not support being on a call and using data at the same time. CDMA is older technology and basically limits the amount of information that can be sent at any given time. In practice this means yo... | [
"Also, sometimes the file is being moved from a temporary location to its final location. I see this particularly when I use a download manager."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
In Soccer, why do the US Women’s Team perform so much better than their Men’s team? | [
"I overheard a pretty good theory in a bar the other day. This guys answer to his friend was that there are so many more prominent sports for men. That means the best athletes and most money and effort go into things like American Football or basketball etc. while for women, football (soccer) is more of a first cho... | [
"Let's say the ranking are as follows: Sports team A - 12 points Sports team B - 10 points Sports team C - 8 points If each win gives you 3 points, as it does in Association Football (idk how it works in American Football), then Sports Team B winning means they would pass Sports Team A in the rankings, that's why a... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Is there any scientific reason why the US's shuttle launches were about as far East as they can possibly manage on their home soil? | [
"They weren't as far east as possible. Maine is much farther east. Maine is the closest US state to Africa. Florida was chosen because it is south and on the coast. The ESA launches from Guiana in South America near the equator."
] | [
"Launch timing has nothing to do with the weather and everything to do with the desired orbit. They're trying to merge the satellite into a specific spot on a circular highway so it can do what it was built to. If you launch at 7am then your Asian communication satellite is now pointed at Europe instead. You could ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why do passenger side mirrors in cars make objects seem farther away? What’s the need for it in the first place? | [
"The mirrors are convex shaped, i.e. the middle part bows out. This gives you a larger angle that is reflected so you can see more in the mirror but distorts the size of things, making them smaller in the middle and stretched on the edges. This is similar to a fisheye lens on a camera but to a lesser degree."
] | [
"The outside world appears to be moving a lot faster when you're in a car, since you're seeing what's right next to the road. The outside world appears to move much slower in an airplane, because you're so far away from it. There appears to be less relative motion in the plane then there is in the car."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do birds have courtship dances? | [
"Most species have a method of proving that they are physically fit enough to reproduce. Some like Salmon do this by getting to a hard to reach spawning ground. Some like deer have males fight each other to prove who is stronger. And for many birds they have dances that prove they are healthy and in good control of... | [
"Why are noses different in size, why are people different heights, why do we have different hair colors?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment about Biology:"
} |
why isn’t it possible to keep Great White Sharks healthy and alive, as all attempts cause the sharks to die rather quickly in a contained environment? | [
"A factor I'm not seeing anyone else mention: great white sharks don't really understand walls. The Monterey Bay Aquarium holds the record for keeping a great white captive the longest, but they no longer consider it ethical because the shark will beat itself up pretty bad running into the enclosure walls. These sh... | [
"There are staff whose job it is to feed the fish. Keeping them well fed lessens the risk of them eating other live fish in the exhibit. Also, I believe that aggressive fish are often kept separately from others. In this video, for example, there do not appear to be any typically aggressive fish in the tank. Whale ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How can a multi-level marketing company not be considered a pyramid scheme? | [
"Listen to the podcast The Dream. It’s an MLM exposé and very well done. The reason MLMs aren’t considered pyramid schemes is that they’re very dedicated to lobbying politicians and running Chambers of Commerce to keep them from being categorized as such. That’s it. The co-founders of Amway (the Devoses, as in Bets... | [
"Multi-level marketing is what it stands for. I’m not very familiar with them but I know they can essentially be a pyramid scheme."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Finance:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer about Finance:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer about Finance:"
} |
Why does the price point of a digital camera increase drastically with larger sensor sizes (4:3, full frame, medium format), when it seems like you would need fewer photoreceptors per square inch, and would otherwise be much easier to fit the image technology over a larger space? | [
"In semiconductor manufacturing you don't really pay for complexity up to a point. Once you've picked a manufacturing technology cost scales most strongly with area, not number of parts you fit in that space. A 1mm x 1mm device costs way less than a 2mm x 2mm device with the same design even though the second devic... | [
"We've had cameras that have a higher resolution than our eyes can see for a very long time. Old school film cameras could take photos that could be blown up to ridiculous sizes. A limit to digital cameras? Again, we've been above human visual threshold for a while now, assuming the image is stored in RAW format (h... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do most crustaceans / seafood turn from a grayish color to a red / orange color when heat is applied? | [
"Lobsters and crabs, etc. have a compound called astaxanthin in their shells. This compound is bright red, but it is usually stuck to another compound called crustacyanin that prevents its red color from showing. When the lobster is boiled, the astaxanthin gets separated from the crustacyanin, and it appears bright... | [
"A chemical called bilirubin is responsible for the earthy color of poo. However, the color of food does have *some* effect on the color of waste it turns into. For example, I do not process blue food dye at all, so it turns my poop a very vivid shade of turquoise."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does ink dry on a paper but not on a pen's tip? | [
"It 'does' dry on the tip. However the tip in a ball point pin, is a ball. Only the exposed area of the very tip will dry, while the rest is technically sealed off until it rolls against the paper. Google ball point pen under microscope and you'll see what I mean."
] | [
"A pencil mark is just graphite on top of a piece of paper. Think of it like something sticking to a frying pan. The eraser is like the spatula that scrapes it off with friction. Pen in actually is absorbed by the paper. Like water on a paper towel. You can't really remove it once it is there."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why the heck do I look ok in some mirrors but downright ugly in others? | [
"Lighting. You can see yourself clearly in a well lit room. They do have mirrors that make you look thinner at some stores (and fatter at the carnival)."
] | [
"No. When you look at the side of your face you see the same thing that everyone else does when they look at the side of your face. If people saw the side of your face/head when they looked you in the eye they would be looking you in the ear. That would be weird. It seems you're asking \"do people see me as attract... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do so many historical paintings depict nudity in women and children, but not men? | [
"Because most of the painters were men, and homosexuality used to be a big taboo. You'll notice that in societies were it was less of a taboo (Greece and Rome), you end up with a lot more statues and paintings of naked men around. When Christianity came around, people became suspicious of the morality of a man who ... | [
"It is learned behavior. Humans are not born ashamed of nakedness, but we are taught it by our parents and other adults. I don't think there is a single objective answer about why shame of nudity is common in human cultures, but it does vary wildly from culture to culture (e.g. most cultures do not see exposed brea... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How does ping, lags, and so on works in online gaming? | [
"All of these apply to delay. Ping is delay between your computer and the other computers you're connected to. Lag is a general term for delay. Ping could also be called network lag. Input lag is where it takes time for inputs (such as your mouse and keyboard) to reach the game. One example is where I move my mouse... | [
"Err. I haven't noticed this to happen in any online game so thought I'd start with that. Video games online don't use much bandwidth so getting a faster connection doesn't really impact them that much. (Unless it comes with better latency) Games are mostly impacted by latency or ping, this is how long it takes fo... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
How do blood pressure machines work? | [
"With no pressure applied there is nothing to push against so no noise is heard. Like high fiving the air. As soon as a sound is audible that means you have matched a certain blood pressure. Continue to increase the pressure and eventually the sound ceases as it has been choked off. This pressure is the top number.... | [
"Same ingredients, same results. Placebo effect might lead you to believe otherwise."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
How can documentary shows like "Dope" on Netflix get away with filming crimes in progress without having to report or give information to the police? | [
"You're not required to report crimes to police. There are only a select few jobs that require reporting select crimes. Like teachers are usually required to report suspicion of abuse. Other than stuff like that, you don't *have* to tell the police anything."
] | [
"*Moonshiners* is laughably fake. The whole thing is staged, and nobody is committing any crimes. As for other shows, like documentaries about gangs or the drug trade, the police can certainly use them as evidence. Which is why the subjects are often given fake names and have their faces obscured."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Law and Entertainment:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text about Law and Entertainment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text about Law and Entertainment:"
} |
how does an air conditioner work? | [
"i can put it in lay terms. ur fridge has a gas container and this gas get really cold when it gets out of the container, so we runnit through tubes which freeze and we blow air around the frozen tubes which cools the fridge. then when the gas comes out the other side of the tubes a compressor pumps it back into it... | [
"Dont clog, use less water, dont require the investment of a full booth etc."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
salt. Can we get a salt expert in here to talk about the difference in quality, nutrients, expense, taste differences in mined salt, sea salt, Himalayan, and other salts. I do understand that possibly 98% of this is marketing, NaCl is NaCl. | [
"All salt is \"Sea Salt\". If you refine it from ocean water, it's sea salt. If you mine it, it's from sea that dried up a very long time away. Himalayan Sea Salt, is from sea that dried up quite a while ago near the Himalayas. Different colors are the result of different minerals mixed in with the sodium and chlo... | [
"We do consume a few other types of salt, just not as much as sodium chloride. If you look at the container of salt in your kitchen, it probably says that it's \"iodized salt\", meaning it contains a small amount of sodium iodide or potassium iodide in addition to the sodium chloride. A lot of packaged foods also h... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What is the relevance of the “Gold Cup” to the US Men’s soccer team? | [
"The Gold Cup tournament is for teams from North America, Central America, and the Caribbean. In its current state, that basically means the US and Mexico are overwhelmingly the dominant teams in the tournament, and its no surprise those two are in the finals. South America has its own tournament going on right now... | [
"Olympic Football/Soccer is essentially semi-professional. The current rule for Olympic teams is that only 3 players per team can be over the age of 23. This means that Olympic teams are almost entirely made up of developing players. For example, at the 2012 Olympics, Argentina didn't even qualify, and Lionel Messi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What actually happens when you crack your knuckles? | [
"Carbon dioxide bubbles are popping inside the joints, I believe those bubbles naturally build up over time"
] | [
"Your body is telling you to quit smoking. Listen to it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does laying on your side help when you have a stomach ache? | [
"Your stomach's openings are on the side, so if you lay in such a way that the stomach openings face up, the acid in your stomach can't leak out, but the gas in your stomach can. Gas buildup and acid backwash are the two big causes of stomach pain, and laying on your side prevents both."
] | [
"Try eating some food before hand. Some people experience pretty bad stomach aches when drinking water on an empty stomach."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Since whispering doesn't require using your vocal cords, why does a persons whispering voice sound similar to when they're talking regularly? | [
"Because the air they exhale still goes through the same mouth, teeth and the person pronounces their words the same way. The vocal chords stimulate the low and mid frequencies of the voice which resonate in the chest, neck, and head. The mouth and teeth form most of the higher frequency sounds you hear."
] | [
"Muscles in the larynx control the tension on your vocal chords, producing higher tones when they are taut and lower tones when relaxed. You can tighten them the way you would tighten any muscle, but you can only relax them so far. On their own, the chords produce a sound sort of like a trumpet's mouthpiece when ai... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why do single person restrooms often have a male and female one? | [
"Both men and women are gross when it comes to public restrooms. That's not something associated to one gender. I would say the actual answer is that people expect public toilets to have a mens and a womens, societal standards calls for it. If they didn't put labels people would probably complain about men going in... | [
"It's for sanitary reasons and no other. It makes it easier to wipe for both sexes and it gives and little more breathing room so your junk doesn't hit the seat. This is the same reason public toilets in the US are elongated and ones in your home are sometimes round or elongated. Uniform Plumbing Code Section 409.... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
why do companies care more about caxh flow than actual capital? | [
"Cash flow allows you to stay in business into next week. It means you can cover this week's payroll, so your employees will come back next week to work for you. If cash flow dries up, then your doors close. Capital is also important, as those assets will be used to create cash flow and profits in the future. But y... | [
"1. fees. do you really want to subsidize amex or visa with dollars intended for roads and bridges? 2. transaction processing / approval times are too slow - causes traffic."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
why are there certain areas on the legs that are more likely to get cut when shaving than others? (e.g. under the knee, ankle, behind the knee, etc.) | [
"Those are all areas meant to bend and stretch, and have more skin/more elastic skin there. If it is supposed to move to help your leg extend and contract, there's more loose skin there to get caught on the razor!"
] | [
"It can happen anywhere else. The skin on the scalp is much thiner than on most other parts on your body, and the bump can only swell outwards because inwards there is no room due to the skull. I have a bone anomaly (a kind of bone tumour) on my left arm and I bumped it once and it was really swollen like a bump on... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Beauty and grooming:",
"pos": "Represent the argument about Beauty and grooming:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
What is the point of blisters, and how do they form? | [
"The friction from loose or tight shoes causes build up of fluid between the epidermis and dermis. The blister helps cushion the tissue underneath, protecting it from further damage and allowing it to heal."
] | [
"They're usually caused by a virus or infection. Takes some time for your body to fight it off."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why are kids so much better at learning and absorbing information than adults are? | [
"Neuroplasticity and neurogenesis. Younger mammalian brains are more readily able to create new neural pathways, and they also create new brain cells at a greater rate than older brains. Contrary to previously held conventional wisdom, adult brains DO produce new brain cells (limitations do apply) and are quite cap... | [
"I think it has more to do with psychology than physiology: adventure is more important to children than comfort. Our priorities shift as we get older."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Where does all the water go when the tide goes out, and how does it come back in? | [
"The tide is a bulge in water facing the moon, and in the exact opposite side facing the moon. The side facing the moon is getting pulled the most by the moon's gravity so it gets closer, the side opposite is getting pulled the least by the moon's gravity so it gets further. So if the low tide is at 0 degrees, th... | [
"Lakes have rivers flowing out of them, carrying salt and other minerals away. Water only leaves the sea by evaporation, which leaves the salt behind. If a lake has no rivers flowing out of it then it will also become salty, like the Dead Sea."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Where in your body is your DNA? | [
"A complete copy of you DNA is in the nucleus of each of you cells. There is a few exception like red blod cell that lack a nucleus and sex cells that have half the number of chromosomes."
] | [
"Iron... its in your blood, and your tongue is awesome."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do North American nations display prices in stores without tax? | [
"Taxes vary from state to state. If shops should display incl. taxes, then things would look like they cost more in one store in a chain than another. Shops argue that it's inordinately cumbersome to display them with taxes. Most parts of EU have the same tax across the whole country, making it easier to display p... | [
"A lot of them have the same products being made for both the American and Canadian market, and Canada legally requires product packaging to be both in English and French."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Handbrake and brake pedal, how are they different? | [
"The foot brake activates the brakes of all wheels, is usually operated by hydraulic pressure, and is used for typical braking scenarios. The hand brake, or parking brake, is usually cable operated, activates the rear wheels, and as the name implies, is used while the car is parked instead of relying solely on the ... | [
"You can use the brakes, but they're a lot heavier Generally your have power assist on the brakes, this takes the light pressure you apply to the pedal and creates a significantly higher force to apply to the brakes. When the ignition is off then this power booster isn't helping you, the only pressure that is put o... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How do you lose memories when you get older? | [
"The basic ELI5 for this is simple That every time you remember something, you´re not remembering the original memory, but the last time you remembered the memory, so the memory deforms with time. This allows memories to change with time, be forgotten and even distorted with external feedback (see the Mandela effec... | [
"How do you know you're blinking when they're closed?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment about Biology:"
} |
Why are inside flies so much slower than outside flies? | [
"Cause the AC is on and the colder it is the more lethargic insects become (due to cold blooded creatures need to be warm or they start to hiberate). Google it."
] | [
"Follow up question, why do I have like three times as many hairs around my left nipple than my right one?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Dizziness after long hot bath. | [
"Your body regulates blood pressure when you go from lying down or sitting to standing by telling your blood vessels to squeeze and contract, which ups your blood pressure and keeps blood moving up to your brain properly. But heat causes your blood vessels to dilate and expand more than usual, so when you’ve been i... | [
"Taking off socks : Letting them breath Laying down : Relieving pressure of standing all day perhaps."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
How do companies deliver packages overnight from one part of the country to another? | [
"UPS and Fedex have their own fleet of planes. You can fly anywhere in the continental US in around 6 hours."
] | [
"There are only 3 States in the US that have independent grids. They are Texas, Alaska, and Hawaii. So if you live in any other State not only can your power come from another state, a part of it most assuredly does."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do UK shares seem to trade in pennies but other seem to trade in the full value of the currency? (I.e dollars/euros). | [
"IBM is at 140.57. GE is at 10.21. Where are you seeing whole dollar prices?"
] | [
"Rates that look unrelated to other exchange rates rarely are isolated. For example, Euro to Dollar (EUR/USD) trades very similarly to Dollar/Franc (USD/CHF) because the Swiss Franc is closely tied to the Euro. So if someone wanted to lower the risk they are taking, then they can trade a small position in the oppos... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why do lithium batteries malfunction when its cold/freezing? | [
"Batteries rely on chemical reactions and when it's too cold, those reactions won't take place because the temperature affects how fast molecules move and if the molecules do no move fast enough because it's too cold, then they won't collide with each other often enough."
] | [
"You can't overcharge the battery. The charge controller won't let you, and for good reason. Overcharging li-ion batteries tends to result in things like flames and explosions. What wrecks li-ion batteries is heat and time. You want to keep the battery nice and cool. This is why Tesla watercools the batteries in th... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What's the difference between rechargeable and non-rechargeable batteries? | [
"Rechargeable batteries are like hydrogen and oxygen. Burn them and they go boom and leave water behind. Pass electricity through the remaining water and you get hydrogen and oxygen again. You can do this as many times as you want. Non-rechargeable batteries are like propane and oxygen. Burn then and they go boom a... | [
"Nope. Not always anyway. The memory effect was a phenomenon in NiCd and NiMH type rechargeable batteries. Most batteries these days use Li-Ion, which is actually harmed by doing full depletion cycles."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why do you feel sore the day after your workout instead of immediately after? | [
"Because the humans with immediate sore muscles while overexerting themselves tended to not run as fast when a large predator chased them, making them less likely to pass on their traits. Our brains help release natural painkillers during heavy exertions so we don't feel the immediate muscle damage. This helps us t... | [
"Because good posture is actually a bit of a work out for your back. Those muscles get tired and want to rest so that's where the pain comes from. Keep up the good posture and you won't notice anything after a bit."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
How does potassium help in delivering oxygen to the brain and other parts of the body? | [
"I’m not sure how potassium regulates BBB but in general it’s an ion responsible for maintaining the electrochemical gradient of cell membranes. Oxygen is delivered by ph, when pH gets low hemoglobin’s affinity for oxygen drops and this happens at places of high concentration of CO2. Side note: bananas are not spe... | [
"Cardio vascular is how well your body distributes blood with oxygen to your muscles and endurance is how much work your muscles can do before failing."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why is exercising good for your blood pressure if it raises it? | [
"* There are some studies that show that long term exercise slowly builds up the muscle of the heart. * Stronger heart muscles means more blood gets circulated per pump. * This means your heart doesn't have to pump *as hard* each time, resulting in lower blood pressure. * Also studies indicate that long term exerci... | [
"Asthma medication for people that don't have asthma supposedly gives them better cardiovascular performance and lets their lungs breathe better. Doesn't make a difference in my experience though."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why does rain have a calming effect on people? | [
"Predators avoid hunting in the rain so as not to risk injury. Rain is time out from the life humans lived as prey animals during our evolutionary past."
] | [
"So what is it about human physiology that makes this work differently for us?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
If trillions of neutrinos are flying through us each second, why does the Super Kamiokande only detect 30 a day? | [
"Because neutrinos are not charged and therefore will only interact with atoms if it hits them squarely in their nucleus. Normally things interact based on electromagnetic charge and this means they have an area of effect where opposite charges attract and the same charge repels. The nucleus of atoms is tiny compar... | [
"It's not that they DON'T interact, it's that they RARELY interact. Trillions of neutrinos are passing through your body, and maybe two might touch an atom in your body in your lifetime. Neutrino observatories don't really care where they're built since the Earth is pretty much transparent to neutrino radiation. Fi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why can we tell when someone is speaking and when someone is reading out loud? | [
"The cadence is different between reading aloud and speaking. When someone is speaking, they say what comes to their head and it sounds more natural. When someone is reading, they say things more monotoned because they don't know where in the sentence to put the most emphasis."
] | [
"When I make that gesture there is no sound associated with it. Are you referring to the people who click their tongue when they make this gesture? Or something else?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How is space debris tracked? | [
"The [US Space Surveillance Network](_URL_0_) includes both ground-based sensors and satellites that do the tracking."
] | [
"Nope The US Space Surveillance Network is tasked with tracking satellites(active or inactive), spent rockets, debris, and anything else orbiting Earth. There are public ones that exist as well that track most satellites in orbit. If a missile comes from space it'd be pretty easy to track it back to which satellite... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why do flies always fly around in little circles in the center of a room? | [
"Actually, if you watch closely, it’s not circles. It’s a semi-random pattern called “drunkard’s walk”. Basically, it covers the most territory for the least effort, with the highest chance of reward ( food). Note, it doesn’t actually have to include food in the area, it’s just gotta *Lead* to food . ( there was an... | [
"They're attracted by the moisture and salt on your skin. The reason they keep coming is because flies arent aware you exist. You like a million times bigger than they are. The reason they keep hitting into you even after you swat at them is they have very poor memory. You ever seen a fly come inside through an ope... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why some wild animals need to dance in order to mate? | [
"Many mating displays are a way of showing off how much extra energy you have to spend. Generally, having good genes means you hunt better and get sick less often; only creatures with strong genes can spend the time and energy doing a mating dance. Thus, by watching to see who does the best mating dance, potential ... | [
"They can exercise, they just can't stand up and run."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Is there a limit to how fast a mobile phone can move before it can’t keep a signal? | [
"Yes, there is a limit. For a cellphone to operate, it must be in communication with one or more cellular signal towers, each of which covers a certain area. If the phone is traveling too fast, it will not have time to send data to/from the cell tower before it is already out of range. Granted, this would have to b... | [
"They use the signal strength of your phone between multiple phone masts and that helps them narrow bit down. Its also instant you don't need to keep someone on then line"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why is file copying/moving so much slower with a bunch of small files | [
"When you write a big file, the system can allocate the entire file \"block\" at once. It then copies over the individual pieces of information as part of that big file. & #x200B; When you write a lot of small files, the system has to allocate tons of \"blocks\" at once and then copy each over. & #x200B; It's sor... | [
"Also, sometimes the file is being moved from a temporary location to its final location. I see this particularly when I use a download manager."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
why are credit card terminals not accessible to customers in restaurants? | [
"Man you Americans and your retro credit card Tech. Wireless terminals, chip and pin and contactlees has been standard in Europe for a good few years now. Feels wrong to let someone take your card away now."
] | [
"As long as the merchant follows any necessary verification guidelines, then they'll get paid, even if the purchase is fraudulent. But yes, it's archaic, and that's why as of last month it's being phased out. In the US if you use a chip, or a mobile wallet such as Apple Pay, none of the major card networks now requ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
How does febreeze trap odor molecules supposedly? | [
"Odor molecules are gases which float in the air -- and sometimes into your nose. One way of reducing odor is to bind the odor molecule to a heavier liquid. When the odor is trapped inside the liquid it falls out of the air and onto the ground and then it can't float around and make it into your nose. An 'aerosol' ... | [
"Well, the best answer I can give you is this: Some smells are caused by Thiols, very very tiny odor causing compounds. They emit odor long after washing. Thiols' odor gets \"stronger\" if you wash with just water (that's why you don't just wash with water). The only way (that I know of) to get rid of the smell is ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why can a thermal flask keep items cold for 24 hours, but only hot for 12 hours. | [
"The rate of temperature exchange is proportionate to the gradient. A \"Cold\" drink on a hot summer day is going to be around 5° when ambient temperatures are 25-30°. A \"Hot\" drink could be as hot as 100° if it's freshly brewed tea. So there's a bigger temperature gradient and thus faster temperature exchange. E... | [
"The reason is that it takes time for the earth to heat up, and the balance of daylight in July and August is still perfectly capable of heating the earth. Imagine you have a frozen pizza. You preheat your oven to 400 degrees and put it in. Every 5 minutes, you drop the oven temperature 100 degrees. So after 5 minu... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do car headlights appear to be flashing they’re being recorded on a cellphone camera? | [
"Some LED lights flicker really quickly (but faster than we can usually see) and that's usually to regulate how bright they are. It's often about 50 times a second A phone camera also captures images at a really similar rate, so sometimes you can see the flicker as they both interfere with each other."
] | [
"Cameras can be turned off. They need to be to change a battery or download footage. The rules are not to turn them off while engaging the public."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why is it colder in the shade in places with low humidity, but not in humid places? | [
"Humidity is essentially water vapour, when there is no water vapour in the air, shady places will cool you off as you are avoiding direct heat (sunlight) When it’s humid, the water is already hot from the ground and it will rise into the air, it won’t go away even in the shade, as it is not blocked by the tree. It... | [
"Ocean currents and distance from the ocean. Basically its all dependent on the ocean. The ocean temperature changes very little by the season, and it heats the air in the winter and cools the air in the summer, making coastal areas have less dramatic temperature fluctuations. Inland winter and summer are magnified... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text about Physics:"
} |
What causes carsickness? 🤢 | [
"It seems to be your inner ear and eyes not making sense of not moving AND moving, which causes the nausea. Similar to how people experience motion sickness using VR."
] | [
"Yer not alone in askin', and kind strangers have explained: 1. [ELI5: Why do we get a \"lump\" in the throat when we get really emotional? ](_URL_1_) 1. [ELI5: Why do we feel a lump in our throat when we hear upsetting news? ](_URL_4_) 1. [ELI5: When you hold back tears, why does your throat hurt? ](_URL_3_) 1. [E... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why did underwear become a huge standard in society? How did the notion of wearing clothes under our clothes become a huge success? | [
"I seem to remember reading that it was down to having a layer in between clothes you would wear for multiple days and those you could wash/change on a regular basis so the outer clothes stayed fresher for longer."
] | [
"Men require a different type of underwear, because due to biology, they are not as sleek as women. They need more space in certain areas. Women need tighter fitting underwear, also due to biology, since for a certain amount of the month women may be wearing pads and tighter underwear prevents leaks. That weird ope... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
why some food gets hard when it goes stale, like bread. While others get soft, like Oreos. | [
"1. The high amount of starch in the bread crystallizes over time causing the bread to harden 2. Humidity and moisture gets into things like cookies that are originally hard, this causes them to get sort of soggy or soft"
] | [
"Baking it dries it out, any water left is tied up with sugars, starches and salts so bacteria can't use it. This is not the case if you fry an egg."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Food Science:",
"pos": "Represent the passage about Food Science:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
why can a 500 pound man walk but if you put 400 pounds on an average 100 pound man they wouldn’t be able to walk? Is it because the 500 pound man has muscle? And if he got surgery to remove all skin and fat and became the same body fat % as the 100 pound person, would he have more muscle? | [
"Yes, people who weigh that much usually have tremendous core strength and leg strength. Not for their *weight*, but in absolute terms. That's why if fat people start working out hard core while they lose weight, they can often get (stay) really strong."
] | [
"Its not the weight that matters, its the density Fat has a density of 0.9 g/ml, that means it floats. A fat person becomes *more* buoyant than a lean person. Iron has a density of 7.8 g/ml, that mean's it sinks. Fast! Muscle has a density of 1.06 g/ml so a 50 pound has the equivalent negative buoyancy as 833 pound... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why do the police put up signs saying “police ahead”? | [
"They are required to. When there's a DUI checkpoint, the police are required to give advance notice (in my area, they put it in the newspaper) and to put a sign out on the road at a point where people are able to go around."
] | [
"Because red zones are for \"emergency vehicles\" and police cars are considered to be emergency vehicles. Also, who's gonna give them a ticket? The police?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
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