query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1 value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Why was September 22 the equinox, yet it wasn't until today (September 25) that there were exactly 12 hours of daylight (sunrise 7:07 a.m. EDT, sunset 7:07 p.m. EDT)? | [
"Your daylight hours depend on your latitude, so different locations experience different daylight hours at all times."
] | [
"That's an oversimplification. Because many cities in Norway are so far north, and so close to the arctic circle, there is an exceptional change in daylight between summer (when the north pole is pointed toward the sun) and winter (when it's pointed away). EDITED--- On June 25 in Reykjavik [ICELAND], the sun rose ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
What would happen if all the debt in the world was forgiven tomorrow? | [
"It wouldn't be possible. Too much of our money supply (as in the vast majority) is the result of fractional reserve banking (where your bank loans out most of your deposits to other customers.) Debt is the foundation of economic growth (take a look at the correlation between British usury laws and economic growth!... | [
"Since the population of Canada is just over 35 million people, you would need at least 35 trillion dollars to do this. This is more money than anyone has. It's more than double the GNP of the entire United States in 2011. So, yes this would probably wreak havoc on the world economy."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
why when moving a file on a PC does it take so long? Is the computer actually physically moving the location of the data on the disk, if so why? | [
"It depends on whether you're moving between logical disks (C:, D: etc.) or between locations on the same logical disk. The latter is usually much quicker, since the OS doesn't move the data, just the pointers to the data. Between logical disks, however, the data must be moved (copied then deleted)."
] | [
"All programs run in memory or RAM. The more ram you have, the more running programs you can keep stored there. Tapes work just like hard dives, with one exception. The data on them are stored sequentially. That means that if a piece of data is at the end of the tape, everything before it has to be read. Hard drive... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Is there actually a Solution to 'This Statement is False'? (Liar's Paradox) | [
"The solution is pretty simple, but unsatisfying. \"The assumption you can create a logical system where all propositions are either true or false is incorrect.\""
] | [
"From a more general perspective, there's this great video by Tom Scott - _URL_1_ - Why Computers Suck At Translation And enjoy the similarly brilliant - _URL_0_ - Adjectival Order: Why A \"Big Red Balloon\", not a \"Red Big Balloon\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
If the size of a Vagina is only 3 to 5 inches long, why does size matter? | [
"The vagina can stretch. In a neutral state it is 3-5 inches but can stretch to accommodate larger things."
] | [
"Vaginas do not have a set size. They all have an ability to change shape, and like the way men get erections, they expand, lengthen, and lubricate when the woman is aroused. So to estimate the female capacity to accommodate a penis, just look at their body size. The average Asian woman is also smaller. narrower h... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How does a liposuction work without ripping your guts out? | [
"The type of fat that people are trying to remove by liposuction is the visible fat that lies between the skin and the muscle. Lipo literally vacuums the fat from under the skin and never actually penetrates into the abdominal cavity."
] | [
"You have two types of fat: Visceral fat, and subcutaneous fat. Visceral fat is around your organs, subcutaneous is just under the skin. See that fat roll your toying with right now? That's subcutaneous fat. Liposuction can target subcutaneous fat, but it has nothing to say about visceral fat. Unfortunately, viscer... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Are dogs really happy when It's owner comes back home? | [
"It's more like they are feeling too many things at once. They're relieved because more of the pack is there. they're feeling anticipation because they hope you have something cool for them. They're also relieved because they probably want to go outside and pee (or just go outside because it's outside). Also they w... | [
"When my mother cuddles me, the dog starts Barking. She feels insecure that mom loves me more than her."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
why do we feel less tired and feel less need to sleep when we can engage often in activities that makes us feel good? | [
"Dont let me talk out of my ass too much but basically your body releases endorphins when you do something you enjoy. Endorphins provide a sense of euphoria which stops you from feeling tired. Another reason may be that your body is releasing andrenaline when you play video games which also gives you more energy. D... | [
"It's been associated with a decrease in dopamine levels in the brain, so in short, we are more likely to do so when we're bored. It's like a release in tension. When we are actively doing something, or paying attention willingly to something, it doesn't happen at all."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Sleep and boredom:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Sleep and boredom:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does your "tolerance" increase when you drink alcohol more frequent? | [
"Because when you drink more your liver adapts to become more efficient at metabolizing alcohol. Further, there's a vein that connects your stomach to your liver, allowing your more efficient liver a first pass at the alcohol before it reaches your bloodstream and thus your brain, which is where you feel the effect... | [
"It doesn't. Mixing different types of alcohol in yoir stomache will make you nauseous more quickly, causing you to vomit sooner, but BAC is all that matters for how drunk you get. Likewise, the wisdom of \"beer before liquor: never be sicker. Liquor before beer: you're in the clear\" is a result of being less able... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post about Science:"
} |
how do boomerangs work? | [
"When you throw a boomerang one of the wings is actually moving faster than the other (think about how you whip it out of your hand). The air that flows around that wing lifts it and makes it gradually spin in the opposite direction."
] | [
"why do we yawn when we read about yawning?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
what would happen if Russia started focusing more on Asia instead of the EU? | [
"Actually funny you should ask but I watched a story on the news here in AUS and it was saying that Russia is in fact looking to Asia more, and by some certain date like 2020 I think (I don't remember the stats), that it would be supplying most of its oil to Asia, followed by Europe. But to Do that they first had t... | [
"Because for the last 30 years, Russia has dumped all their money on military supplies to compete with a much wealthier nation- The United States. They've always been a government first country, where they mostly neglect a majority of their population by not being fiscally responsible with their spending. Russia re... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why does chugging any carbonated beverage burn your throat so bad? | [
"Your throat is sensitive. It is trying to keep out chemicals and cocks."
] | [
"Follow up question, why does apple juice make me fart like no other substance in existence?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Science:"
} |
Why do burgers have this little white piece at the bottom of the bun? | [
"That comes from an imperfection in the baking process. When you bake a burger bun, you typically place it flat on a metal pan. Oftentimes a little moisture will escape the dough during baking and get stuck between the bun and the pan. As the oven heats up, the moisture turns to steam and gets trapped as small stea... | [
"They have a single large bun that's been cut into 3 pieces. They are made this way & there is no wasted bun involved. If look at one, this is immediately obvious since the middle bun does not have a crust on either the top or bottom."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What is the little sound you hear sometimes right before you get a call or a text message? | [
"The ringtone? You're gonna have to be a little more descriptive. The only thing i can think of would be interference with other devices. My parents computer speakers used to buzz right before the phone rang."
] | [
"Some kind of electromagnetic interference most likely. Same reason why speakers sometimes start making weird noises when you have the phone right next to them and receive a text message/call."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
If the moon can eclipse the sun why can we see stars every night? | [
"The moon can block out the sun because it's massively closer than any planets. Sometimes that one really bright star you might see in the night sky is actually Venus. It's just a tiny point of light and it's the closest planet to the earth. Other planets in our own solar system will be even less visible than that.... | [
"Imagine your an ancient person. The sun would seem like some sort of flying object. It comes from behind the mountains in the morning, and hides behind the trees at the end of the day, for example. They didn't necessarily know it as a celestial body as we do today."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What's wrong with having a firewalled internet | [
"The simple answer is to ask another question: what would you allow through this firewall and what would you block? A firewall isn't automatic and it isn't magic. You can't get a firewall which blocks \"bad stuff\". It works on rules. You tell it what to block and what to let through. China has made one which block... | [
"So it's easier to reach with either thumb."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How come it isn't freezing cold during/eight minutes after a total solar eclipse? | [
"Solar eclipse is about like nighttime -- if night only lasted half an hour or so. So it's going to be less cold that a boring ordinary night."
] | [
"Because while it's 34 degrees on the ground, it's colder a few thousand feet up, and that's where the snow forms."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are there multiple gas stations at one crossroad? How do they compete with each other? | [
"A lot of similar stores open up near each other, it is part of game theory. They do what is best for themselves, instead of what is best for the consumer. The best example I have is 2 ice cream sellers on a beach. They could place themselves 1/4 of the way from each end \\(so say 100 feet long, 1 seller at 25 feet... | [
"Different locations have different costs that a gas station must cover. These can include local property taxes, costs of trucking the gas from the refinery (farther from the refinery = more expensive), different competition (if you are the only station for 5 miles you can charge more than if you have 3 other stati... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Automotive industry:",
"pos": "Represent the passage about Automotive industry:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Aside from signing executive orders, what power does the president actually have to force Mexico to pay for a border wall? | [
"Theoretically you can threaten tarrifs on their goods if they don't pay and offer them trade deals if they do. That's about the only real power short of war. If they don't pay either we build it and pay for it or we don't build it."
] | [
"Yes, federal law enforcement agents could waltz in & arrest everyone. Currently, the president has issued an order prohibiting them from doing so Theoretically, that could be revoked at any time or when the next president comes into office."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Could anyone onboard MH17 have survived the missile impact, and dropped 10km to their death? | [
"Unlikely that anyone would survive for to long. It was about 600mph and dropped like a stone (didn't glide after losing power). This tells us that there was explosive decompression. This would rip the clothes righ off you. Since they were at altitude and during the day many of them wouldn't have had seatbelts on. ... | [
"From reading around other information on this subject, the fact that bodies have been recovered without clothing on suggests that the plane broke up mid-flight ( due to severe de-pressurisation clothing is ripped from the passengers.) The fact that most of the bodies seem to be intact also suggests that the impact... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why do kids usually learn the R sound last? What makes it so hard? | [
"I have two boys, 6 and 4, who both struggle with it - the 6 year old in particular. It's funny, but when you try to explain how to do it...it's actually hard to describe. Go through the alphabet and you'll see that all of the other consonant sounds are easy to describe, except R. You have to bunch up your tongue i... | [
"Silent letters show up because English has a lot of influences. A lot of times, when there is a silent H at the begging of a word, it comes from a rule in French language pronunciation. That’s why hour sounds like our. Silent Ks come from Old English, which was spoken in England before 1100 CE. They actually used ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
All the madness that you always see on the Wall Street trading floor, what is going on here? Why is everybody yelling? | [
"So first of all, this doesn't really happen anymore. Now computers do most of the trading. What you see on TV is planted to make it look busy. The floor is usually pretty empty. Next, when people were on the floor, you can think of it like organized chaos. There were hundreds of people crammed into the space and t... | [
"Very few places gets crazy, it's just that when they do everyone hears about it. It's just a day that many stores put a lot of products on sale."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why do I get a cold (sore throat, stuffy nose, etc) when I fall asleep with a fan blowing on me? | [
"The dry air can promote a response from your body, similar to cold winter air."
] | [
"Sounds like dehydration. It can do a lot of fucked up stuff to you. Headaches for sure. Do you breathe from your mouth when you sleep? The combination of both could probably dry out your throat quite a bit overnight overnight. Maybe look into a humidifier as well."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
How can a member of the Commonwealth be considered independent but still have a constitutional monarchy with Queen Elizabeth II as the head of state? | [
"You are thinking about this all the wrong way. She is not the “queen of the Commonwealth”. She is the queen of the United Kingdom. But she’s also the queen of Canada, which is a completely separate job. Then, she’s also the queen of Australia, which is a completely separate job from the first 2. So, each country t... | [
"Well, the old way was to have a revolution (see America overthrowing their status as a British colony, see France overthrowing the monarchy, etc.) However I expect Jamaica's plan would just be to amend their constitution. Queen Elizabeth II is the Queen of Jamaica at the same time that she's the Queen of the UK, C... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How can unemployment drop to 5.6% when we have a record number of people not working? | [
"You have to meet two criteria in order to be counted as \"unemployed\": 1. You have to not have a job (duh). 2. You have to be actively **looking** for a job. So all the 16, 17, 18-year old highschoolers who aren't trying to get jobs are not in the workforce, but they're *also* not unemployed. Counting the number ... | [
"This number is technically true (which might a first for Trump) but nonetheless misleading. The 94 million statistic includes retirees, full-time students, full-time parents, and the disabled. In other words, he is counting everyone who doesn't work... Including the ones who don't want to or can't. This is not the... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
what's stopping me from naming random people as my heirs, in my will, when i pass and leaving my debts to them? | [
"Debts do not get passed on like that. When you die, your estate (whatever assets you have after you die) are responsible for your debts. Any debt that cannot be paid by your estate is forgiven."
] | [
"they are not suing the child solder, they are suing the estate of the dead father. supposedly the rationale is that since the father is dead, the estate would go to the child. you can pretty much sue anyone for anything. winning is another matter."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How come you can use different programming languages to create the same website? | [
"There are server-side pieces of software that run on the server and send HTML/JavaScript to the browser. Then there's code that runs on the browser. The standard for that in JavaScript, and that's pretty much what you can expect the browser to support (apart from plugins such as Flash). On the server side, you can... | [
"Please clarify what sort of operating systems you think there were before programming existed."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why are people worried about using growth hormones on animals to be eaten? | [
"It is not known if animal hormones effect humans or not. These things are difficult to test. Currently the FDA says they are safe, so many companies use them. Some consumers are afraid of chemicals and sensationalist articles can make anyone afraid of anything, and it has created the idea that consumers should \"... | [
"It is \"recombinant bovine somatotropin\" which is a growth hormone given to cattle to help synchronize their reproductive cycles and make it more likely for them to get pregnant the first time. The FDA thinks it is safe to consume but various other places have banned its use."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why do animals smell things in many short, quick bursts as opposed to long drawn out sniffs like a human would? | [
"Actually, if you want to smell something really good, the best technique is to have a couple of small sniffs instead of one long sniff. This creates turbulences in your nasal cavities, mixing up scents and air really good."
] | [
"Try blowing on your thumb, then licking it, then blowing on it again. When it's wet, you can tell which way the air is blowing, because the upwind side feels cold. That is basically why a dog nose is always wet. Since they rely a lot on their sense of smell, having a continually wet nose helps them determine which... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How are noodles made industrially? | [
"Here's a video. _URL_0_ \"How It's Made\" tends to cover high end products, which might be slightly different from similar mass market products."
] | [
"Just because something is made from vegetables doesn't automatically make it healthy. Heroin is made from vegetables."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why does the leaves on the linked tree stay there even when it doesn't receive enough sunlight to make chlorophyll? | [
"Plants can perform photosynthesis from artificial light. Sunlight is better, but the streetlight is sufficient and would basically give the tree endless light."
] | [
"Succulents do this! I personally don't know of any trees, but you could maybe apply the succulent thing to a larger scale? So succulents have these thick, fleshy leaves partially because they store water in case of drought; however, they also contain enough resources for the cells inside the leaf to continue photo... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Years ago lead was used prevalently in paint, water pipes, and fuel. Why didn't everyone who was exposed get poisoned? | [
"A lot of people did. Google \"mass lead poisoning\" and there are a lot of pretty gross examples. There is also a strong correlation between use of leaded gasoline and violent crime in the US (_URL_0_). You also have to recognize, though, that lead poisoning is on a spectrum to some degree (it's not just black and... | [
"> Asbestos is a naturally occurring mineral that once was lauded for its versatility, recognized for its heat resistance, tensile strength and insulating properties, and used for everything from fire-proof vests to home and commercial construction. It was woven into fabric, and mixed with cement. It was used in ma... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why are artificial sweeteners unhealthy? | [
"Per se not actually bad for you like most things are bad. Studies show that it may mess with how your brain processes sweet signals without calories versus regular sugar and it messing with that in a negative way. They have shown to cause cancer, but in those studies the doses tended to be very high, on the order ... | [
"There is no scientific evidence showing that GMO foods are more unhealthy than non-GMO foods."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about science:"
} |
What exactly the Seroquel and Lamotrogine is doing to my brain? | [
"This is a question you really need to ask your doctor. Given that you are on schizophrenia/bipolar disorder medication at 26 I think you need to take some interest in the specifics of maintaining your mental health."
] | [
"Its an amphetamine, It isn't necessarily healthy for you and it can become habit forming. Need a better explanation?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
If the USA was to switch to the metric system... | [
"That has been done by Congress. The US officially switched in the 1970s. It did not stick. Those industries like the Sciences where it is much more useful switched, but general society where there is virtually no difference in the usages as we do not need to be that accurate in things there is not enough of a bene... | [
"Because here in America for some reason they love to hold on to the Imperial system. And since the rest of the world uses metric, they have to put metric too."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do Chinese "Lions" not look anything like actual lions? | [
"Mostly because lions are not native to China. Imagine this: one person saw it, and tries to describe it in text, and the artisans tries to create something from the text, pretty much what Chinese lions looks now is what we get. Then newer generations simply copy and add their own interpretations, similar to Burrit... | [
"Lions are apex predators, and became associated in the middle ages with royalty. The lion was used as a symbol of courage, power, and nobility and appeared in many royal crests. People didn't understand Lions don't even live in the jungle, and \"king of the jungle\" sounded cool so they went with it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why do some people get paralysed by fear? | [
"It's the third option in the \"fight or flight\" response. When people freeze, their brain decides being perfectly still so the attacker can't see you is the best response. This is rooted in the fact that some of man's early predators reacted to motion. So being the one that didn't move meant you were the one that... | [
"I do it because I have an anxiety disorder linked to talking on the phone. Maybe you do too."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How much does it cost me to charge my power bank? | [
"First you need to convert 12000mAh(miliamp hours) to Wh(watt hours) To do this, use this formula (mAh)*(voltage(typically 3.7v check back of power bank))/1000. (12000)*((3.7)/(1000)). This will get you 44.4 Wh. Convert 44.4 Wh to kWh which is .0444kWh. Now, take the cost of kWh and multiply it by the kWh used. .12... | [
"How much do they cost vs how much will they generate."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
The difference between Unison and Harmony. | [
"When two instruments are playing the same notes, this is unison. When two instruments are playing different notes, then this is harmony."
] | [
"Yes to both your questions. See: Spy satellites."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
The sun's rays and why there's not a "circular ray" | [
"What you call sun rays is actually light that is bouncing of atmospheric particles. The reason the rays appear to emanate from the centre is a a simple perspective effect. It's the same effect that makes it seem like the rails of a railway track appear to converge each other a point in the distance. You know, howe... | [
"It is always circular. You just don't see the lower part of the circle in the \"classical\" rainbow, as it is covered up by ground."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why is it when I look at something that's "Glow in the Dark" it appears to be dim, but when I see it in my peripheral, it shines like a damn lighthouse? | [
"Phospherescent (glow in the dark) things emit very small amounts of light. The human eye is structured with a very high concentration of *cones* in the middle-section (fovea centralis) of the retina at the back of the eye. These pick up colour and can resolve things that you're looking directly at in great detail ... | [
"There IS light reflecting off of them. If you are in absolute darkness, you can't see at all. Neon colors reflect more light than other colors so they are easier to see in the dark."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What does the 1m rise in the ocean from the melting region of Antarctica mean for everyone in relatable terms? | [
"Most of the world's large and important cities are on the coast. A 1m rise in sea level would mean those cities would become much more vulnerable to storms, parts would flood, sea walls might need to be built around them, etc. Some cities might need to be abandoned or protected by seawalls. Large areas of coast wo... | [
"nope, because even a few meters increase in Sea level is far less than a 1% increase in total ocean volume. The ocean is really really big. So we would still be fucked without the added benefit of extra drinking water. If anything it might reach some near coast lakes and ruin those."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Geography:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Geography:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why can some species newborns run immediately, while human newborns can't even hold up their own heads? | [
"This happens because of two of the most uniquely human features: * **Big brains relative to our body size** which helped with tool usage, running \"what if\" scenarios, etc. * **Bipedal locomotion**: which uses much less energy than walking on all fours When our bodies adapted to being bipeds, our pelvis shrunk. B... | [
"Our necks get training every day. When babys are first born, you have to support their head, because their necks aren't strong enough yet to hold their own head up all the time. If you were to hold your head up without using your neck for an extended period of time, I am sure you would feel that your neck has to w... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
squads, fire teams, brigades, companies, soldier ranks | [
"You are asking about something that not only varies between branches of the military, but also nations and organizations, and has been known to change over time and in individual theaters of war, said reorganization sometimes happening mid-conflict."
] | [
"It's to accomplish the same thing as radios and computers in today's modern armies. Communication. Imagine a battlefield filled with thousands of people, many wearing the same uniform. But each small unit with a different mission. The flag or more precisely guidon is a point of rally for those in the small unit as... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
How exactly can a medication cause "suicidal thoughts or actions" in a person with an otherwise normal mental state? | [
"They generally are not talking about \"normal\" people. And for many drugs with this warning it is not understood. In the case of antidepressants, it is sometimes thought of like this: When someone is extremely depressed, they have very little energy, they sleep a lot, and in general lack the drive or inspiration ... | [
"Depression (as opposed to a \"down\" mood) is caused by imbalances in hormones and brain chemistry. Certain medications can change hormone and brain chemical balances, so those medications can directly cause symptoms of depression. The side effects certainly wouldn't help, but headaches and dizziness don't cause d... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
How does ordering someone out of their car not constitute a seizure of the person under 4th amendment? | [
"The 4th amendment does not say seizure is disallowed, it says \"unreasonable\" seizure is disallowed. Officers are allowed to make lawful demands during a traffic stop, such as requring people get out of their cars. That's been considered reasonable."
] | [
"Let's look at the full amendment: > The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place t... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is non-resident college tuition so much higher than resident college tuition in the US? | [
"You pay taxes in a state and the colleges and residents of that state benefit directly and indirectly from those taxes. Going to school out of state means that you're benefiting from others' tax money. The only way to compensate for that or keep it from being abused is to charge more for out-of-state students. Edi... | [
"It all depends on which college you go to... Cost of post secondary education in the US varies widely. It depends on if you are attending a public or private school, and in the case of public schools, how much you pay depends on if you are a resident of that state or not."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
the idea of intelligent design and how it determines the existence of a creator. | [
"The idea is that our universe was intentionally created by some unnamed (wink, wink) intelligence with massive or even infinite power. For evidence they point to things like the distance from the Earth to the Sun being good for life, the fact that the moon perfectly covers the sun during an eclipse, the fact that ... | [
"FSM is an intelligent designer theory that was created to point out to the Kansas Board of Education that teaching biblical creation was not science."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Moon's gravitational forces versus water in our bodies | [
"Tidal forces aren't causes by the strength of gravity. They are caused by **differences** in the strength of gravity. Depending on position, one side of the Pacific Ocean might be several thousand miles closer to the moon than the other side. That means the moon is pulling one side about 5% harder than the other, ... | [
"Because the gravity we feel is from the earth, not the sun. Our orbit is based on the sun, but our gravity is Earth's"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Physics:"
} |
Why is iron important in the human body | [
"It binds to haemoglobin (the stuff in your red blood cells) and makes it work, haemoglobins' job is to carry oxygen around your body, so if you have no iron, you have no oxygen carrying stuff which means you have no oxygen which means dead."
] | [
"What source says that alcohol is bad for your teeth?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why are many highways winding and not straight? | [
"They have to go around hills and valleys without going up and down to much. Therefore, they gently curve around to keep the road relatively level."
] | [
"Does it matter if there is water instead of roads between a number of small towns? We have boats and bridges."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What’s actually happening when a person “gets the wind knocked out of them?” | [
"You temporarily stun the diaphragm muscle, preventing a person from being able to breathe."
] | [
"Those stars you see are caused by blood not getting where it needs to go in your eyes. Ever heard the phrase he got hit so hard he is seeing stars?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
what's the difference between a green and blue screen, and why does it seem like everyone only uses green these days? | [
"The basic principle is the same--in your video editing software, you select everything that's just the right color, and then apply edits to that. It stops you from having to manually select an area in each frame, which would be incredibly impractical for most purposes. Green screens are favored for digital filming... | [
"You might want to provide a little more information otherwise the best anyone can do is take a wild guess. My wild guess is that it is because it is cold outside, wear gloves to prevent it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
why do malnourished people get bloated bellies? | [
"What is happening is that for those people they might get enough calories but have too little protein. That lack of protein leads to a lack of fluid regulation and buildup of fluids within the abdomen. The big belly is water weight to the extreme."
] | [
"drinking milk doesn't make your bones stronger. but not having enough calcium in your diet WILL make your bones weaker."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why, when quoting a Sanskrit text in English, did Oppenheimer say "I am become death"? Why would you translate something into a target language using poor grammar? | [
"\"Joy to the world, the Lord **is come**.\" \"Christ **is risen**. Christ will come again.\" \"I **am come** in the name of the father.\" It isn't poor grammar, it's an archaic use of to be as an auxiliary verb. Modern English uses the verb 'to have' instead: the Lord has come; Christ has risen, etc. The King ... | [
"I found an English translation here: _URL_0_ And it does not use the phase \"I bit into\" as it seems to say in Italian, but only \"we lost twenty one men\". Is this a sanitized translation? Or is the Italian version using some idiom which does not actually say that the author himself bit into men."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What exactly is a spinoff company? | [
"You make beer, that is your company's main line of business. In the process of becoming a leader in beer, you got really good at making beer cans...so good, you get a lot of business that has nothing to do with your beer. This has muddled your business direction a little, because you have to make decisions that mi... | [
"Are you asking how a wheel works ?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does the audio know how to split into 2 different left and right signals in earbuds? | [
"The audio file is stereo (a left signal and a right signal). Look closely at that one jack and you'll see it is divided by a pair of black lines into sections. These sections are hard-wired so that one will carry a signal to the left bud and one to the right. If you opened up the jack casing you would see two sep... | [
"The phone knows what it's playing it out the speaker and is able to subtract that from what comes in the mic"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
how lyft is almost as big uber but only uber is suffering with regulations, fines, arrests and stings? | [
"It's not. Lyft's last valuation put it at $2.5B _URL_3_ Uber's last valuation put it at $41B. It has raised more money than Lyft is worth. _URL_2_ Left currently serves 1 country _URL_0_ Uber serves 57 countries _URL_1_"
] | [
"Different business model. Cabs are regulated by the city. They need to pay licence fees and stuff. When uber is pretty much much more organized rideshare that you might find on craigslst. Its like your friend giving you lift and you pitch in for gas money. Uber can charge less because it doesnt pay licence fees to... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What is the difference between Jews, Christians and Muslims when it comes to the soul and afterlife? | [
"There are distinct differences between each. For a Jewish person, they will certainly get to \"heaven\" (there is no concept of hell) and because of this, they thank G-d by obeying him. Christianity is similar; although Christians do believe in hell for non-believers, the rationale is because God has forgiven you ... | [
"I am Jewish and went to Hebrew school 3 days per week to learn about my religion and prepare for my Bar Mitzvah. We learned the biblical stories of Adam, Even, Cain, Abel, Moses, Isaac, Jacob, Noah etc. We learned about the holidays - Hanukkah, Passover, Sukkot, Rosh Hashana, Yom Kippur, Purim. All of this content... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Where do fruit flies come from? | [
"Small eggs you don't see, or they hatched from another nearby location such as your trash, and were attracted to the fruits."
] | [
"So when and where did playing cards as we know them come into being anyways?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
What is so special about Ebola | [
"Previous outbreaks were easily contained and did not spread beyond a small region. It also occurred only sporadically. Every few years it would show up, kill a few hundred people at max and then disappear again. The best management strategy was to isolate outbreaks and let the virus burn itself out. This is no lon... | [
"I'm sorry, but what do you mean by the \"failure\" of Citizen Kane?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
is “a hour” still correct because a vowel doesn’t follow it? Even though “an hour” sounds better because the sound when you say “hour” is an “o” sound? | [
"The a/an rule depends on whether the next word begins with a vowel *sound,* not a vowel letter."
] | [
"It's a vowel when it is (part of) a syllable you pronounce. Such as \"why.\" It's a consonant when it modifies a sound, such as \"Yoda.\" Taking the \"y\" away won't destroy a syllable in the word - you just get a different sounding word (\"oda\")."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why did video game developers stop using footage of real actors? Wouldn't that be the most realistic option for say, a FPS? | [
"It'd be uncanny valley. [Beowulf](_URL_0_) in 2007 was pretty much one-of-a-kind because it looked so close to realistic, but it was just that much off. Your brain is really good at picking up on the subtle failures of lighting and colouration that CGI can make, so you either spend way, way too much time and energ... | [
"All the other movies are \"outdated\" too, so everyone ends up on a level playing field. Just like with videogames. And yes, this means that if your schedule takes longer than usual, you'll be behind the curve. This is what stalled Duke Nukem Forever. I think the effect is somewhat lessened in movies where there's... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
How do services like Pandora make money? | [
"at first Pandora relied on donations, as it had no means of directly earning money from playing songs. they operated under the premise of being a sort of scientific endeavor, and the service was threatened many times with copyright policy shutdowns. today, they are still a \"music discovery service\", but play ads... | [
"Most companies want you to pay streaming fees for services like Apple Music and google play."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the argument about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
How does currency work in the world markets in terms of inflation, exchange rates, stocks, etc.? | [
"If a bunch of people in foreign countries suddenly want to buy American goods, they're going to need dollars to do that. Same thing works with stocks. Ford doesn't take the Japanese guy's yen to pay for the stock, they only take dollars. So, you have a bunch of people who want to get dollars. Just like anything el... | [
"Under a gold standard, there are two prices of gold: the market price and the standard price The standard price is set by the government, and is usually the floor price of gold The market price is whatever buyers can get on the open gold market When the financial system is stable, the standard price and the market... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
What did Margaret Thatcher do to become so hated? | [
"She was conservative and imperialist to the extreme."
] | [
"What's a Tory, and why do so many people seem to hate them?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
what goes on neurologically thats makes one person smarter than another? | [
"Depends on what you mean by smarter. Your brain has billions of little engines that are all talking to each other, as well as gas tanks to pull out stored information. The better these engines are at communicating with each other, the more gas tanks that are supplying fuel, the more horse power you are going to ge... | [
"Don't quote me on this but I remember in psy classs that our neurons fire when we look at or imagine something. Similar to when a guy sees another guy get kicked in the balls. They can \"feel\" his pain because the mind simulates it. I am thinking a similar thing happens in our mind when we watch sex. Our brain fi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why were dinosaurs so much bigger then pretty much every animal around today | [
"The truth is we don't really know, some of the more common theories are. 1. The world was different then, compared to today. Oxygen content of the air back then was much higher. 2. The planet was warmer, with lots of plants for them to eat, and less competition for the food. 3. A large cold blooded creature has... | [
"The largest animal that has ever lived is a blue whale, which still exists. People killed most of the megafauna that would otherwise live in Asia, Europe, and the Americas. There were many, many small dinosaurs, reptiles, and mammals millions of years ago, but only the big charismatic ones are popular. My point is... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about biology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about biology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about biology:"
} |
Since silverback gorillas have such humongous guts, how come they don't get diabetes, heart disease, and other obesity related health problems? | [
"A thing to consider is time. A gorilla's lifespan is normally between 35 and 40 years. And health problem with obesity in humans develops over time but gorillas develops faster and humans usually don get obese at a young age. The diet of a gorilla is low in sugar and fats and is likely similar to what would be rec... | [
"Humans can eat a variety of diets and still be healthy. So long as you get adequate protein, fat, and carbohydrates for your body size, essential vitamins and minerals, some fiber so you can poop, and enough calories, you won't die! At least not right away! It could eventually give you obesity/heart disease/cancer... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is my internet connection speed much faster on my laptop than on my iPad from the same place in my house? | [
"Because your laptop is probably euipped with an better wireless card, that will give you further range and faster speeds than a simple Ipad."
] | [
"It means that you are connected to your home router, but your home router doesn't have any Internet connectivity. So, you can reach other things on your home network, just nothing outside of it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
I've seen this more and more, but why do people put their cell phones on speaker and then hold the phone an inch from their mouth? | [
"I don't know about men that do this, but women do it so you don't end up with a phone covered in make-up and hair products. Also, depending of your earrings, you can get a clanking sound when your earrings hit the phone. Source: my wife."
] | [
"Basically because people are stupid and would then regularly hold the phone upside down thinking it was right side up. Then they wouldn't find their power and volume buttons where they should be, and would cover the camera with their palm and wouldn't hear anybody while in a call because the headset speaker would ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do many businesses, especially those with long term aspirations lease vs buy their buildings? | [
"Lease payments are deductible business expenses. Leasing property or equipment reduces a company's taxable income dollar-for-dollar. A building owned by the company is an asset. Depreciation reduces taxable income, as well as does interest on loans taken to acquire business assets, but in general leasing is the be... | [
"They buy in bulk, make incredibly good deals with manufacturers, move into growing areas that are ripe for their business model, when economically feasible instead of buying from a supplier they buy the supplier, own the land their businesses sit on(mostly) and own their own shipping company. By keeping everything... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
How astronauts digest food in space | [
"Food digestion and movement of food and waste through the digestive tract does not require or rely on gravity. Instead, the muscles of your digestive tract contract and squeeze the food through your digestive tract through what is called peristaltic action."
] | [
"They need to exercise everyday to make sure their muscles don’t waste in the weightlessness of space. Take a look at Scott Kelly’s daily routine during his year in space."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why do Men Go bald on the top and sides of their heads but not in the "beard/mustache" areas? | [
"It has to do with the follicles on that part of the head. Men with male pattern baldness have follicles on the tops of their heads which react to a specific hormone that causes them to recede and eventually stop growing hair (that's why hair transplants take hair from the back of the neck area. Those follicles are... | [
"Men produce a hormone called Dihydrotestosterone. One of the things this affects is hair follciles, stimulating growth particularly in eyebrows, the nose, ears, beard, and body hair. As men get older they sometimes produce more of it leading to those bushy eyebrows."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Photo analysis/Face detection algorithms (snapchat face filters) | [
"I don't really have much experience in this field. But as far as I know it goes something like this: First of all the algorithm is trained on low-resolution images of faces from different angles. Several filters are applied to the training images to enhance facial features (I usually do something like: threshold, ... | [
"Let me introduce you to reverse image search _URL_0_ and more specifically, _URL_1_"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
How was Thomas Young's light wave theory proven? | [
"What was Young's experiment to prove the wave nature of light? The double slit experiment. If you don't already know what it is, two slits were made that were kept a very tiny distance from eachother, and using a single source, or two sources in phase, light was shone through both these slits (I tried this at home... | [
"Wouldn't 'discover' be a more appropriate term? Physics already existed so it was discovered."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
How do chocolates (during the late 1800s) survive in temperate climates like in the Philippines without refrigeration? | [
"[Ice box](_URL_0_) It’s like a cabinet that has a huge area for one massive fucking ice block and then the other side has the storage area and below was water collection"
] | [
"Reason # 1 : Food spoils more quickly in hot climates. Spices are preservatives. Reason #2 : Not many edible and spicy plants in colder climates."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does the government provide “stimulus” to banks rather than just larger returns to low to middle income earners? | [
"they did do that. _URL_0_ *almost* everyone got $600 cold hard cash. Unfortunately this money was quickly blown, often on imported goods that did nothing to support the US economy. Quantitative easing was a more direct route to not just subsidize spending, but to facilitate liquidity for the market to operate natu... | [
"How do people continue to function when they have student loans, car payments, and a house mortgage? In the government’s case, it’s in the form of bonds issues, called Treasury notes or treasury bills, with various maturity dates. As long as the debt payments are a manageable part of the budget, then there is no p... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
How do we inherently know what notes to whistle? | [
"There's isn't any \"real\" notes. Even the idea that everyone \"should whistle the same notes\" is only around 200 years old. Before that, every place (even different city/towns) had different notes (hertz) they played on. The frequency \"C\" of today is absolutely arbitrary. Which means we don't need any prior in... | [
"Think of it like a guitar and a trumpet playing the same note. Would you still be able to tell the difference?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why don't we put solar panels on wind turbines? | [
"Some panels are placed on the supporting structures but placing them on curved surfaces isn't that easy. Placing them on the blades isn't practical for a whole host of reasons."
] | [
"Yes is theoretically possible. Build safe nuclear plants and renewable energy supplies. Convert everyone to electric powered cars. Stop building war machines. Disband all armies. Put them to work building infrastructure. It will not happen."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why some pre-modern societies developed base-2, base-12, or base-20 numbering systems, instead of base-10? | [
"Actually, 10 based system doesn't have any advantages. The only reason we use it is because we have 10 fingers. 2 based system is very comfortable for computing. 12 based system is comfortable because 12 can be divided by 2, 3, 4 and 6. About cycling - it is in any system. If you add 10 hex to 4 you get 14 hex."
] | [
"Days in a year is fairly obvious; a day and a year are natural phenomena, so they were observed. Seconds per minute and minutes per hour came from the Babylonians, who used a base-60 counting system. I'm not sure where 24 hours per day came from."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Mathematics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Mathematics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why are cats so fascinated by boxes? | [
"The safest place in nature is a hole or cave where you're protected on 5 sides and only exposed on one. Evolution favors safe behavior like this, so it has become instinct. An open box is the modern equivalent-only open on one side, danger can only come from one direction, so they feel safe. It's also the reason c... | [
"Who says dogs and cats can fall asleep at will?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why do fly’s rub their hands together? | [
"The fly's mouth ([proboscis](_URL_0_)) extends straight down, so as a result flies usually stand ON the food they eat. And they like various liquids (from raw meat juice to anything sweet), which they suck up (flies don't chew). So they rub their legs to clean them."
] | [
"Here are a few ways to tell the two apart: 1. When butterflies land on something, their wings will be up vertically; moth wings will be flat horizontally 2. Butterflies are usually active during the day, while moths are more active at night There are some exceptions to this rule, but for the most part it works"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do some languages adopt new words for recently invented items? | [
"Quite often a word will be used that literally describes the object, or what the object does, this could be for convenience as sometimes the inventing country's word might be difficult to pronounce. In a few countries it is common to adopt the inventing country's word though. In fact inventing a new word might be ... | [
"Typically they are words from other languages, or from older versions of our language, so they had meaning in their original context but don't in our time and place."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why is the Linux OS so popular to use in science and research equipment? | [
"It's really flexible, so it can be used more efficiently for highly specialized tasks. Also, a lot of research software is written for it."
] | [
"Mainly it's free and open source. Unless you're an enthusiast or developer you probably won't get much out of it vs. Windows or OSX. It's very popular as a server platform, ie. web servers or other Internet services."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why my pubic hair grows so much faster than my facial hair. | [
"speak for yourself, its neck and neck over here"
] | [
"No seriously. Someone smart please answer this. Why is my genital skin darker than most all of my other skin. And darkening as I get older"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer about Health and Wellness:"
} |
In the UAE, the salaries for some professions can reach $20k a month and tend to start at $5k. Dubai has run out oil but can sustain these salaries. Why can't Londoners earn $5k starting salary? | [
"Dubai makes its money through financial services for the nearby petro-states that *do* have vast reserves of insane oil money. You don't actually need barrels of oil to get rich on oil, you just need rich friends."
] | [
"You didn't take into account total cost of living In the UK your healthcare is free or cheap (NHS), in the US it's freaking expensive. That teacher probably has student loans to pay off too, in the UK the cost of education used to be much cheaper so it doesn't factor much into the effect on median wage. With the r... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What is the difference between a Loner, an Introvert, and an Antisocial person? | [
"I think you might be confusing the terms asocial and antisocial. If you are antisocial you are being unkind or abusive towards other people. If you are shy you are being asocial."
] | [
"because you're a non-shy introvert who is not socially awkward but you need more time than most to recharge your batteries alone. this is a timely question you ask because I'm currently reading the book \"Quiet: The Power Of Introverts In A World That Can't Stop Talking\" by Susan Cain."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Would a modern version of Spartan way be more effective, in theory, than traditional military effectiveness? | [
"> easily the most effective fighting force in Greece Per unit, yes. As a whole, I highly doubt it. Spartans *were* badass as fuck. But there weren't very many of them. They only won the battle at Thermopylae because they had a terrain advantage. There's a reason they mass produce modern soldiers the way they do. A... | [
"Would you be willing no elaborate on what you mean by \"standard European model\"? In the past century or so, there have been quite a few significant changes in how states and governments around the world, organized and equipped themselves for the business of organized violence."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
If conjoined twins share a stomach, do they both feel full or hungry at the same time? | [
"It's hard to make general statement about conjoined twins because literally every case is different, but the feeling of hunger is regulated by hormones, most importantly Leptin and Ghrelin, which circulate in the blood. So if the conjoined twins share their circulatory system (which they *have to* if they share a ... | [
"Basically when you eat a lot of food a lot of your blood gets drawn to your stomach. When your brain has less blood you feel tired/lose energy. At least I think that's what it is."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why are there so many different species of animals, yet we as humans are all one species? | [
"There have been many different species of \"humans\" that did coexist at times. This site has a list of some of our relatives that died out along the way, with approximate times of extinction so you can compare and see which ones lived alongside each other, if you like. _URL_0_ Exactly why our line is the only on... | [
"All life as far as we know could be derivative from an original form of basic single celled organisms. This means all animals come from the same place when tracked back, so the classification system shouldn't concern itself with where the birds came from so much as that they are now considered birds."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about biology:",
"pos": "Represent the document about biology:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do you test something for randomness? | [
"Reminds me of a joke: a brilliant computer scientist claims to have invented a computer that can generate truly random numbers (not psuedorandom, but truly random). He assembles a room full of mathematicians and scientists to demonstrate it. He asks the machine to give him a truly random number. The machine respon... | [
"I think you will have to define your question a bit more. Are you generally asking us to explain correlation and translation of pressure and forces?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
If the primary colors are Red, Yellow, and Blue, then why are pixels made to only show Red, Blue, and Green? | [
"RYB are the subtractive color primaries, which works with paints and reflective surfaces where adding more tends to make things darker. RGB are the additive color primaries, used on screens and projections, working with light sources where adding more tends to make things brighter."
] | [
"Complementary colors are at opposite ends of the color wheel. Each color contains every pigment that the other color lacks, so they provide maximum contrast. The primary colors are Red/Yellow/Blue. So complementary pairs are: * Red and Yellow+Blue --- Red & Green * Yellow and Red+Blue --- Yellow & Purple * Blue an... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Computer Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Computer Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Beveridge Model vs Single Payer system | [
"The answer to your question is written in black and white in the links you provided. From the Beveridge Model section: > The term 'Scandinavian model' of health care systems has a few common features: largely public providers, limited private health coverage, and regionally-run, devolved systems with limited invo... | [
"Next Week's Theme: 'Royalty, Nobility, and the Exercise of Power' To be followed by: \"Eastern Europe\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are peanut allergies so often really serious? | [
"Peanut allergens, since they are a food product, can come in direct contact with the internals of the body. The swelling they cause can cut off the ability to breathe. And let me tell you, suffocation is a very serious problem that can kill you quickly."
] | [
"We don't know exactly why nut allergies have become so common or what exactly causes them, but we do know that nuts have a lot of proteins in them that are not present in other foods. It's our immune system reacting to these uncommon proteins that causes the allergies."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why is Belgium a really powerful and influential country given the size as they are home of the EU headquarters? | [
"It isn't... it fact quite the opposite. It is such an irrelevant little country that it was *perfect* as the place for EU HQ. Putting it in Germany would have annoyed France... and having it in Paris would have pissed off Germany... and of course the UK would be pissed regardless.... But Belgium... well nobody can... | [
"Canada is in the U.N. Security Council (non-permanently, but permanent members include: France, China, Russia, United States and United Kingdom which have 5 of the 6 largest militaries). Australia, and New Zealand are likely not in the U.N. Security Council because they don't bear a large, formidable armed forces.... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do all deaf people speak with that specific tone in their voice? | [
"They can't hear, so they can't hear the voice inflections that we all have. This means they have never learned how to properly use voice inflection. Instead they have just been instructed on how to properly form letters and words. This is difficult enough to teach someone who can't hear, and voice inflections aren... | [
"When I make that gesture there is no sound associated with it. Are you referring to the people who click their tongue when they make this gesture? Or something else?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
; why is it that people snore when they are asleep, but don't have the same breathing pattern when awake? | [
"When people lie on their back the soft tissue (tongue, soft palate) hangs farther toward the back of the throat because of gravity, partially or completely closing off the airway. When people breathe in, the negative pressure flaps this tissue and causes noise, which is snoring. When people are awake gravity does... | [
"Well, you won't necessarily wake up for coughing too loud (you could, but not *necessarily*) you either are so deeply asleep or coughing so softly you don't feel it, but you definitely cough while you're asleep. Ask your mother or anyone has has seen you sleep while you were sick, they'll probably confirm it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Health:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Health:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
What would happen if, after centuries of calculations, it was discovered that pi DOES have a definitive end? | [
"This won't happen. [Pi has been formally proved to be irrational.](_URL_0_)"
] | [
"I think you have a problem because you are trying to apply infinity to something finite. You can't write out 1/3 in decimal because at some point you will stop and whatever number you write will be less than 1/3 (if only slightly). It is true that at some point the precision won't matter, but most mathematicians a... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Mathematics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text about Mathematics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text about Mathematics:"
} |
Want to check if your answer is appropriate for a 5 year old audience? Use this simple tool to measure grade level of your writing. | [
"Thanks! Alternatively, you can calculate an actual grade level of readibility (e.g. 7th grade, 9th grade [US System]) by using the [Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level formula](_URL_0_). I don't know any good calculators for this online, but I do know you can calculate it instantly by pasting the text into Microsoft Office... | [
"Good work. You should also try giving a link to more complicated explanation once the reader understands the initial analogy."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
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