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A 39-year-old man presents to his physician with the complaint of loss of peripheral vision. The subsequent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan below demonstrates | This T1-weighted sagittal MRI scan reveals a dumbbell-shaped homogeneous mass involving the sella turcica and the suprasellar region. This lesion is most consistent with a pituitary adenoma, a benign tumor arising from the adenohypophysis. Pituitary adenomas are the most common sellar lesion and constitute 10-15% of al... | 10,800 | medmcqa_train |
The following are true of Mendelson's syndrome – | Symptoms of Mendelson's syndrome generally occurs within 30 minutes of aspiration.
Critical pH is 2.5 and critical volume is 25 ml.
Use of corticosteroid is generally not recommended. | 10,801 | medmcqa_train |
Commonest haematological malignancy in children is: | Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common malignancy of childhood, accounting for about 25% of all cancer diagnoses in patients younger than age 15 years. The peak age at onset is 4 years; 85% of patients are diagnosed between ages 2 and 10 years. Leukemia is defined by the presence of more than 25% maligna... | 10,802 | medmcqa_train |
Common sites of bleeding are: (PGI June 2008) | Ans, B. (Little's area] Little's area or kiesselbach's plexus Q - This is the vascular area in the antero inferior part of nasal septum. It is the commonest1-1 site for epistaxis.Arteries Involved in Kisselbach's Plexus Formation"Four arteri es-anterior ethmoidal, septal branch of superior labialQ, septal branch of sph... | 10,803 | medmcqa_train |
The expression of the following oncogene is associated with a high incidence of Medullary carcinoma of thyroid- | Harshmohan textbook of pathology 7th edition. RET gene is a proto oncogene normally code for receptor for growth factor ( RET receptor). Point mutation to this gene causes multiple endocrine neoplasi type 2A, type2B , medullary carcinoma of thyroid.. | 10,804 | medmcqa_train |
Most common cardiac anamoly associated with Noonan 's syndrome is | Most common cardiac anamoly associated with Noonan's syndrome is pulmonary stenosis. | 10,805 | medmcqa_train |
1 day old m ale baby delivered by LSCS had swelling over back in midline. | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Folic acid o Folic acid supplementation decreases the incidence and recurrence of neural tube defects (NTD). Because the neural tube closes within the 1st 28 days ofconception, periconceptional supplementation is needed for prevention. It is recommended that women without a prior history of a NTD, ing... | 10,806 | medmcqa_train |
Pheochromocytomas arise from: | Answer is D (Neuroendocrine cells of the adrenal medulla): Pheochromocytomas are catecholamine secreting tumors that arise from neuroendocrine chromaffin tissue in the adrenal medulla. The adrenal medulla consists of neuroendocrine cells called chromaffin cells Chromaffin cells are derived from primitive pheochromblast... | 10,807 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is NOT consistent with antemoem burns? | In case of antemoem burns the blisters are filled with serous fluid and the base is red in colour. All the other options given are consistent with ante moem burns. Note that no inflammatory changes are seen in post-moem burns. Ref: Essentials of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology By Dr.K S Narayan Reddy, 21st Edition, Pa... | 10,808 | medmcqa_train |
Parrot like repetitive speech is found in: | Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) includes three neurodevelopmental disorders: autism disorder, Asperger syndrome, and pervasive development disorder (PDD).
There are three levels of impairment noted.
The first notable impairment is social, which, in some cases is extreme, with lack of eye contact and not ... | 10,809 | medmcqa_train |
Which is not a pathologic feature of H. pylori chronic gastritis - | . Eosinophilic infiltrates | 10,810 | medmcqa_train |
A 36-year-old woman has become increasingly icteric for 1 month. She has had several bouts of colicky, midabdominal pain for 3 years. On physical examination, she has generalized jaundice with scleral icterus. Her BMI is 32. There is tenderness in the right upper quadrant, and the liver span is normal. A liver biopsy i... | The findings suggest obstructive jaundice from biliary tract disease (e.g., gallstones). Elevation of the serum alkaline phosphatase level is characteristic of cholestasis from biliary obstruction. The alkaline phosphatase comes from the bile duct epithelium and hepatocyte canalicular membrane. The blood ammonia concen... | 10,811 | medmcqa_train |
Which X-ray needs to be taken for 16 year old male is ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Elbow | 10,812 | medmcqa_train |
Symptoms of narcolepsy are all except | NarcolepsyThe classic tetrad of symptoms is:i. Sleep attacks (most common): ii. Cataplexy: iii. Hypnagogic hallucinations: iv. Sleep paralysis (least common): Ref: A Sho Textbook of Psychiatry, Niraj Ahuja, 7th Edition, pg. no. 138 | 10,813 | medmcqa_train |
In hemoglobin, the innate affinity of heme for carbon monoxide is diminished by the presence of - | Isolated heme binds carbon monoxide (CO) 25,000 times more strongly than oxygen. However, in myoglobin and hemoglobin, heme binds carbon monoxide to only about 200 times more strongly than oxygen.
This is because of distal histidine (His E7 of protein part of hemoglobin and myoglobin create a hindered environment which... | 10,814 | medmcqa_train |
The key cell types involved in the acquired immunity include all EXCEPT: | The main physiological role of red blood cells (RBCs), or erythrocytes is to transport gases (O2, CO2) from the lung to the tissues and to maintain systemic acid/base equilibria.
In addition, RBCs are well equipped with antioxidant systems, which essentially contribute to their function and integrity.
They are not inv... | 10,815 | medmcqa_train |
Screening is not recommended if - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Disease with no latent period o The disease to be screened should fulfil the following criteria before it is considered suitable for screening:-The condition sougth should be an important health problem (in general, prevalence should be high).There should be a recognizable latent or early asymptomatic... | 10,816 | medmcqa_train |
Aminoacyl t-RNA is not required for | The enzymes aminoacyl tRNA synthetases activate the amino acids. The enzyme is highly selective in the recognition of both the amino acid and the transfer RNA acceptor. There is at least one tRNA for each of the 20 amino acids. Eg: hydroxylysine is the active form of lysine .hence not recognised by tRNA The D arm of tR... | 10,817 | medmcqa_train |
Maximum infection of CMV is seen after what duration post transplantation ? | .Therapeutic invasive procedures may be in the form of IV cannula, bladder catheter, tracheostomy and other minor surgical procedures which permit the skin organisms like staphylococcus epidermidis to penetrate the skin and invade the deeper tissues. Organisms Bacteria: Gram-negative: E. coli, Pseudomonas, Klebsiella, ... | 10,818 | medmcqa_train |
What is the treatment of a child with supraventricular tachycardia? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Adenosine Treatment of supraventricular tachycardias in childreno In severe haemodynamic compromise, or if ventricular tachycardia is suspected, tachycardia should immediately be terminated by external cardioversion during deep sedationo Vagal manoeuvres are effective in patients with atrioventricular... | 10,819 | medmcqa_train |
Gene for Wilms tumor iis located on | characterized by Wilms tumor, aniridia, genital anomalies, and mental retardation. Their lifetime risk of developing Wilms tumor is approximately 33%. Individuals with WAGR syndrome carry constitutional (germline) deletions of 11p13. Studies on these patients led to the identification of the first Wilms tumor-associate... | 10,820 | medmcqa_train |
How much is punishment for sex determination - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., 3 yearso According to pre-conception and pre-natal diagnostic techniques (prohibition of sex selection) act 2002, sex detection can lead to a fine of Rs. 10,000 and up to three years Inprisonment for a first offence, with greater fines and longer terms of imprisonment for repeated offenders. | 10,821 | medmcqa_train |
Most impoant layer of a slow sand filter is ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Vital layer o This is confusing one because of the following statements of Park. "The most impoant pa of the filter is the sand bed" - Park "The vital layer is the hea of the slow sand filter" - Park o Following statement may help in choosing the answer : ? "Vital layer is the layer that provides the ... | 10,822 | medmcqa_train |
Micturition centre is present in - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Medial frontal cortex o Micturition centers are located in the brain-stem and cerebral cortex.1) In cerebral cortex (cortical center) : A cortical center for voluntary control of initiation and cessation of micturition is located in the superior frontal gyrus on medial surface (medial frontal cortex).... | 10,823 | medmcqa_train |
During an operation, if a pair of scissors is left in abdomen, the doctrine applicable is: JIPMER 10 | Ans. Res ipsa loquitor | 10,824 | medmcqa_train |
Hypophosphatemia is seen in all except- | <P>Improved medical management of chronic kidney disease now allows many patients to survive for decades and hence time enough to develop features of renal osteodystrophy, which must be controlled to avoid additional morbidity. Impaired production of 1,25(OH) 2 D is now thought to be the principal factor that causes ca... | 10,825 | medmcqa_train |
Bell's palsy not responding to the steroid. What will be the further line of management - | If the patient of Bell's palsy is not responding to conservative treatment, electrodiagnostic study (electrophysiological study) should be done.
The electrodiagnostic study includes electromyography (EMG), Electroneurography (ENG), minimal excitability test and maximal excitability test.
Surgery is reserved for those w... | 10,826 | medmcqa_train |
Not attached on medial border of scapula ? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Teres majorMuscles attached to scapula are :-Coracoid process :- Tip of the coracoid process gives origin to coracobrachialis (medially) and sho head of the biceps laterally.The upper surface receives inseion of pectoralis minor.Spine of scapula and acromion process :- There is origin of Deltoid and i... | 10,827 | medmcqa_train |
All is true about Giant cell arteritis except - | Giant cell arteritis (Temporal arteritis)
It is the most common form of systemic vasculitis in adults, is an acute and chronic, often granulomatous, inflammation of arteries of large to small size.
It affects principally the arteries in the head-especially the temporal arteries—but also the vertebral and ophthalmic ar... | 10,828 | medmcqa_train |
All tests are used for infanticide except ? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Gettler's test Tests used in infanticide (for respiration) Ploucquet's test : Weight of lung is measured in relation to body wieght. Before bih weight of lung is 1/70 of body weight and after respiration it becomes 1/35 of body weight due to increased blood flow in lung beds. Static test or Fodere's t... | 10,829 | medmcqa_train |
MRI scan of a mentally retarded child with recurrent seizures and hemangioma. Diagnosis is? | Ans. (b) Encephalofacial angiomatosis.* The CT scan shows extensive intracranial calcification which will lead to seizures, paralysis and hemiatrophy. The presence of hemangioma shows presence of Sturge-Weber syndrome called as encephalofacial angiomatosis.* Epilolia is alternative term for tuberous sclerosis.* Louis b... | 10,830 | medmcqa_train |
At t = 0 there are 6 x 1023 radioactive atoms of a substance, which decay with a disintegration constant (A,) equal to 0.01/sec. What would be the initial decay rate? | Ans. 6 x 1021 | 10,831 | medmcqa_train |
Uremic complications typically arise during which of the following phases of Renal Failure: | Answer is B (Maintenance) Uremic complications and Electrolyte imbalance typically arise during the Maintenance Phase of Acute Renal Failure (Also known as Oliguric Phase). Maintenance phase refers to the phase of Renal Failure in which the renal injury becomes established. It is also known as the Oliguric Phase. Durin... | 10,832 | medmcqa_train |
Normal saline is used as diluent in which vaccine? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., BCG BCG vaccine BCG vaccine is a live attenuated vaccine produced by `Bacille Calmette Guerin' an avirulent strain produced by 230 subcultures over a period of 13 years. Types of vaccine It is a live attenuated vaccine. There are two types of vaccine :- Liquid (fresh) vaccine Freeze dried (lyophilized... | 10,833 | medmcqa_train |
Which is the most common complication of GERD | Esophagitis is the most common complication | 10,834 | medmcqa_train |
The rate limiting step in glycolysis is catalyzed by- | Ans. is 'd >a & c' i.e., Phosphofructokinase > Pyruvate kinase & Giucokinase o Phosphofructokinase, giucokinase and pyruvate kinase are rate limiting enzymes of glycolysis. However,phosphofructokinase is the most important one."The irreversible phosphorylation reaction catalyzed by phosphofructokinase - l (PFK-1) is th... | 10,835 | medmcqa_train |
Facial Nerve stimulation during testing of nerve indicated by contraction of muscle? | Orbicularis oris. Orbicularis oris is a facial muscle All facial muscles are supplied by facial nerve Temporalis & Masseter are supplied by Mandibular nerve Sternocleidomastoid is supplied by spinal accessory nerve | 10,836 | medmcqa_train |
Hepatic fibrosis is associated with which of the following | S.NoDiseaseInheritance PathogenesisKidney featuresExtrarenal manifestations 1ADPKDADPKD1mutation in chr16pPKD2 mutation in chr 4qPKD1 produce polycystin-1PKD2 produce polycystin-2Enlarged kidneys, Multiple cysts in both kidneysDisease manifest only in adultsCysts in liver, spleen, pancreas and lung.Berry aneurysmMitral... | 10,837 | medmcqa_train |
Height of a newborn doubles at: September 2005, March 2010 | Ans. D: 4 year In general, length in normal term infants increases about 30% by 5 months and > 50% by 12 months; infants grow 25 cm during the 1st yr; and height at 4 yr is about double bih length. | 10,838 | medmcqa_train |
Histological feature of lichen planus is ? | Ans. is `d>a' i.e., Basal cell degeneration > Acantosis The basic pathology in lichen planus is the damage to the basal cell layer of epidermis leading to hydropic degeneration of basal cells". --Venkataram Pie 59 Histopathologv in Lichen planus The basic pathology in lichen planus is the damage to the basal cell layer... | 10,839 | medmcqa_train |
The Anaesthesia technique of choice in severely preeclamptic women for cesarean delivery - | The use of spinal anesthesia is discouraged in severe preeclampsia. Epidural anaesthesia is preferred since it has more hemodynamic stability. Regional anaesthesia spinal /epidural preferred over general anaesthesia for cesarean delivery since in pregnant female there are many risk associated with general anaesthesia. | 10,840 | medmcqa_train |
Tinel sign is seen in ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Nerve regeneration Pathological changes after nerve injury After nerve injury, nerve first degenerates and then tries to regenerate. Nerve degeneration The pa of the neurone distal to the point of injury undergoes secondary or Wallerian degeneration; the proximal pa undergoes primary or retrograde deg... | 10,841 | medmcqa_train |
A patient is diagnosed to have CIN II. She approaches you for advice. You can definitely tell her the risk of malignancy as | CIN I and CIN II, the lesions have a 5-10% chance to progress to a high grade lesion CIN III progressing to cervical cancer is almost 10-30% Transformation Rates Form low grade CIN to High grade CIN takes around 5-6 years From High Grade CIN to invasive cancer takes around 10 years time. HPV related cervical lesions oc... | 10,842 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is a feature of external haemorrhoids below the dentate line? | Hemorrhoids are cushions of submucosal tissue containing venules, aerioles and smooth-muscle fibres. These anal cushions are found in the left lateral, right anterior and right posterior position. (3,7 and 11 o'clock position). External hemorrhoids located distal to the dentate line are covered by anoderm which is rich... | 10,843 | medmcqa_train |
Frie test is done in | B i.e. LGV | 10,844 | medmcqa_train |
Anticoagulant effect of Warfarin is increased by all of the following EXCEPT: | Phytonadione is Vit K. It is used as an antidote in warfarin toxicity. From essential of medical pharmacology K D Tripati 7th edition Page no 613 | 10,845 | medmcqa_train |
Surgical neck fracture leads to all EXCEPT | Axillary nerve supplies: Deltoid (abductor of arm) and Teres Minor(lateral rotation) muscles. It winds up through surgical neck of humerus. So fracture of surgical neck damages axillary nerve causes: Teres minor palsy Deltoid palsy Abduction Of shoulder joint is damaged. Teres major is supplied by Lower subscapular ner... | 10,846 | medmcqa_train |
Percentage of GFR to renal plasma flow: | Ans. (a) 20%Ref: Guyton's physiology 11th ed. / 316* GFR Is About 20 Per Cent of the Renal Plasma Flow.* In an average adult GFR is about 125 ml/min, or 180 L/ day.* Renal plasma flow is 650ml/min* The filtration fraction is calculated as follows: Filtration fraction = GFR/Renal plasma flow* Therefore125ml/min---------... | 10,847 | medmcqa_train |
Ossification at two months: JIPMER 12 | Ans. Capitate | 10,848 | medmcqa_train |
Primary Hyperoxaluria occurs due to defect in metabolism of | Glycine is the amino acid that has a single hydrogen atom as its side chain. It is the simplest possible amino acid. The chemical formula of glycine is NH2‐CH2‐COOH. Glycine is one of the proteinogenic amino acids. It is encoded by all the codons starting with GG (GGU, GGC, GGA, GGG).
Glycine is a colorless, sweet-tast... | 10,849 | medmcqa_train |
A 45-year-old lady presents with persistent reflux symptoms. The most accurate investigation in establishing diagnosis before surgical treatment includes | investigations for GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE, *24 hours oesophageal pH monitoring - the gold standard. PPI should be stopped for 3 weeks prior to pH monitoring. *Barium study in head down position. * Endoscopy to exclude other disease and to assess any mucosal injury - red inflamed mucosa often with ulceration. S... | 10,850 | medmcqa_train |
Immuno-proliferative lymphoma presents with? | Immunoproliferative small intestinal disease (IPSID), is a B cell tumor. The presentation includes chronic diarrhoea, steatorrhea associated with vomiting and abdominal cramps. IPSID presents with intestinal secretions of an abnormal IgA that contains a shoened heavy chain and is devoid of light chains. It is suspected... | 10,851 | medmcqa_train |
Structure preserved in Radical Neck Node dissection: | Ans. (a) Vagus nerve(Ref Sabiston 20th Edition Page 794)* Standard RND (CRILE operation) removes nodal levels I through V and the sternocleidomastoid muscle, internal jugular vein, cranial nerve XI, cervical plexus, and submandibular gland.* Modified RND (Bocca Operation) preserves one or more of the three structures -... | 10,852 | medmcqa_train |
The only cranial nerve which supplies a contralateral muscle is- | "It is important to remember that cranial nerves never cross (except for one exception, the 4th cranial nerve) and clinical findings are always on the same side as the cranial nerve involved".
—Clinical neurology | 10,853 | medmcqa_train |
An adolescent boy presents with endocrinopathy, fibrous dysplasia of bone and hyperpigmentation. The probable diagnosis is : | Ans-BRef: Robbins Pathologic Basis of Disease, 8th editionExplanation:McCune Albright syndromeIt is characterized by the triad ofPolyostotic fibrous dysplasiaCafe-au-lait skin pigmentationMultiple EndocrinopathiesThe endocrinopathies include:Sexual precocityHyperthyroidismPituitary adenomas secreting GH Primary adrenal... | 10,854 | medmcqa_train |
Massage and application of liniments to painful areas in the body relieves pain due to | Many people have learned from practical experience that rubbing or shaking an injured area decreases the pain due to the injury. The relief may be due to the simultaneous activation of innocuous cutaneous mechanoreceptors whose afferents emit collaterals that terminate in the dorsal horn. The activity of these cutaneou... | 10,855 | medmcqa_train |
In which of the following, parallel and uniform spaced collagen present? | Corneal stroma: a thick, transparent middle layer, consisting of regularly arranged collagen fibers along with sparsely distributed interconnected keratocytes Inderbir Singh&;s human Histology Seventh edition Pg 391 | 10,856 | medmcqa_train |
Mycobacterium leprae can be cultured in: September 2006 | Ans. C: Footpad of mice In 1960 the American Charles Shepard discovered that it is possible to culture the bacterium in the footpads of mice (average 20 degree C). In 1971 Waldeman Kirchheimer and Eleanor Storrs discovered that the nine-banded armadillo, Dasypus novemcinctus, could also become infected. This species wa... | 10,857 | medmcqa_train |
Hepatitis A virus is best diagnosed by - | HAV best diagnosed by demonstration of IgM antibody in serum REF:<\p> ANATHANARAYANAN MICROBIOLOGY NINTH EDITION PAGE.542 | 10,858 | medmcqa_train |
Optic tract lesions presents with | (C) Homonymous hemianopia SITES OF LESIONS CLINICAL FEATURES* Optic NerveComplete loss of vision* Optic tractHomonymous hemianopia* Optic radiationComplete homonymous hemianopia* Proximal part of optic NerveIpsilateral blindness with contralateral hemianopia* Occipital lobeHomonymous hemianopia (usually sparing the mac... | 10,859 | medmcqa_train |
Presence of which of the following correlates best with renal pathology | Answer is C (Broad Cast): Broad casts are characteristic of Chronic Renal .failure. Broad Casts : arise in the dilated tubules of enlarged nephrons, that have- undergone compensatory hyperophy in response to reduced renal mass i.e. chronic renal failure. Waxy casts : are degenerated cellular casts seen in urine of pati... | 10,860 | medmcqa_train |
FESS means: | Indications ofFESSi) Chronic bacterial sinusitis unresponsive to adequate medical treatment.ii) Recurrentacutebacteridsinusitis.iii) Polypoid rhinosinusitis (diftrse nasal polyposis)'w) Fungal sinusitis with fungal ball or nasal polypi'v) Antrochoanal polyp and Ethmoid polypvi) Mucocele of frontoethmoid or sphenoid sin... | 10,861 | medmcqa_train |
What is least useful as diagnostic procedure in case of acute haemetemesis | C i.e. Gastric content aspiration - Patient is already having frank haematemesis (upper GI bleed coming through mouth). So there is no diagnostic role of gastric aspiration. It may be of some value, when there is doubt of upper GI bleed. Endoscopy is the investigation of choice for upper GI bleedQ. Endoscopy is helpful... | 10,862 | medmcqa_train |
A 40-year-old obese man presents with intense pain in his left first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint for the past few hours. He has no history of trauma, fever, chills, and no previous similar episode. He has no history of renal disease or diabetes though he has been told he is "prediabetic." He does not recall any rec... | This patient is experiencing his first episode of acute gout. The first MTP joint is the most commonly affected, and 80% of acute gout attacks will be monoarticular. Predisposing conditions include trauma, surgery, starvation, high intake of beer and hard liquor (not wine), or diets high in meat and seafood. Certain me... | 10,863 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following movements would suffer in case of paralysis of the quadriceps femoris muscle? | Quadriceps femoris extends the leg (rectus femoris and the vastus muscles) and helps flex the hip (rectus femoris). It is innervated by the femoral nerve, which is made from the contributions of L2, 3, and 4 in the lumbar plexus. If a patient could not adduct at the hip, the adductor muscles might be damaged. These are... | 10,864 | medmcqa_train |
Sudden painful loss of vision seen in –a) Angle closure glaucomab) Central retinal artery occlusionc) Acute uveitisd) Endophthalmitise) Retinal detachment | Causes of sudden painful loss of vision are :- Acute angle closure glaucoma, acute iridocyclitis (acute uveitis), chemical or mechanical injury to eye, endophthalmitis and optic neuritis. | 10,865 | medmcqa_train |
All of the follwoing are of the size of adult at bih expect? | Development of the mastoid air cell system does not occur until afterbih, with about 90% of air cell formation being completed by the age of six with the remaining 10% taking place up to age of 18 | 10,866 | medmcqa_train |
Assessment and aiding for development of funds for the National Blindness Control Programme is done by | Funding for the NPCB- The allocation of funds for the NPCB increased with the sta of the World Bank-financed Project in 1995. | 10,867 | medmcqa_train |
A young man with T.B presents with massive reccurere haemoptysis. For angiography treatment which vascular structure should be evaluated first | More significant hemoptysis can result from the proximity of the bronchial aery and vein to the air-way, with these vessels and the bronchus running together in what is often referred to as the bronchovascular bundle. Ref Harrison 19th edition pg 245-246 | 10,868 | medmcqa_train |
Birth weight of all 10 babies born in a nursing home on a day was 2.7 kg. Standard deviation is - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., 0.00 o This question is very simple.o Standard deviation is a measure of dispersion from central value.o In the question, there is only one central value (2.7 Kg) as all 10 babies have same weight. Thus, there is no dispersion.o Also, you can get the answerMean= 2.7+2.7+2.7+2.7+2.7+2.7+2.7+2.7+2.7+2.7... | 10,869 | medmcqa_train |
Differential diagnosis of Hyperemesis gravidarum: | Ans. is a, b and c Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy commonly termed morning sickness' is a normal phenomenon in pregnancy, occurring in about 70% of all pregnancies. in most women, it is limited to the first trimester. but a few may continue to have symptoms throughout pregnancy. Hyperernesis gravidarum is the other en... | 10,870 | medmcqa_train |
A patient with carcinoma endometrium has >50% myometrial invasion and vaginal metastasis. Pelvic and retroperitoneal lymph nodesa are not involved. Peritoneal seedings are positive. The stage is: | Ans. b. Mb Stage of the patient with carcinoma endometrium having >50% myometrial invasion and vaginal metastasis with involvement of pelvic and retroperitoneal lymph nodes is Mb. Stage Feature I Cancer confined to corpus uteri IA No or less than half myometrial invasion. IB Invasion equal to or more than half of the m... | 10,871 | medmcqa_train |
According to Child - pugh staging Child's B is | CTP scoring system ClassA: 5-6 points ClassB: 7-9 points ClassC: 10-15 points Ref: Sabiston 20th edition Pgno :1436 | 10,872 | medmcqa_train |
Xylocaine heavy in subarachnoid space has concentration of | D i.e. 5% | 10,873 | medmcqa_train |
In a patient with a history of burning pain localized to the plantar aspect of the foot, the differential diagnosis must include - | Three most common caused of pain in the plantar aspect of the foot are plantar fasciitis, tarsal tunnel syndrome, and posterior tibial tendinopathy.
Plantar fasciitis is the most common cause; however, burning pain is characteristic of neural pain.
"If the patient describes the sensation as `burning "tingling ' or `nu... | 10,874 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following statements concerning skin melanocytes is true? | Melanocytes are present in the stratum basale of the epidermis. They synthesize melanin pigment and transfer it to keratinocytes to protect against damage caused by UV radiation. Melanocytes can give rise to a form of skin cancer called malignant melanoma. They derive from neural crest and migrate into the epidermis ea... | 10,875 | medmcqa_train |
The most common cause of hirsutism: | Hirsutism M/C cause : PCOS Due to Hyperandrogenism Increase Androgen- increase Serum Testosterone & Andronstendione - decrease Sex hormone binding globulin- increase Free Androgen - Hirsutism Drugs for management of hirsutism OCP containing anti androgenic progesterones Spironolactone Cyproterone Acetate Other drugs- F... | 10,876 | medmcqa_train |
Following is true about bayard's spots:- | Tardieu's or Bayard's ecchymoses/spots: Round, dark-red, well-defined, pin-head sized spots, found in those pas where capillaries are least Suppoed, e.g. conjunctiva, face, epiglottis, subpleural urface of lungs, hea, meninges and thymus. They tend to be better made out in fair skinned persons, readily visible in fresh... | 10,877 | medmcqa_train |
Rabies virus is inactivated by | The best method of diagnosis for Rabies is a demonstration of Rabies virus by immunofluorescence Materials from which it is collected
Antemortem → Corneal smears
Facial skin biopsy Postmortem → Brain
Rabies does not cause lifelong immunity, infact rabies infection causes the death of all patients. Rabies virus has a Si... | 10,878 | medmcqa_train |
In sympathetic ophthalmitis first sign is : | A i.e. Presence of KP's | 10,879 | medmcqa_train |
After I.V. drug administration, elimination of a drug depends on | if a drug is highly lipid soluble it is unionized-easily eliminated if vd is more, elimination is difficult if clearance is good, elimination is easy Pg.no 30 KD TRIPATHI SEVENTH EDITION | 10,880 | medmcqa_train |
Diagnostic Criteria of JRA | It is defined as ahritis of one or more joints with onset below 16 yr age and persisting for atleast 6 weeks Ref Ghai pediatrics eighth edition pg no 625 | 10,881 | medmcqa_train |
Lymphangitis carcinomatosa is a typical feature of: | Ans.b and e | 10,882 | medmcqa_train |
Which structure DOESN'T pass through the gap between superior and middle constrictor muscle of pharynx | - Structures passing b/w superior & middle constrictor Glossopharyngeal Nerve (Nerve of 3rd arch) Stylopharyngeus Muscle ( muscle of 3rd arch ) | 10,883 | medmcqa_train |
Laminar necrosis and watershed infarcts are most suggestive of | Decreased brain perfusion may be generalized (global) or localized. Global ischemia results from generalized decreased blood flow, such as with shock, cardiac arrest, or hypoxic episodes (e.g., near drowning or carbon monoxide poisoning). Global hypoxia results in watershed (border zone) infarcts, which typically occur... | 10,884 | medmcqa_train |
Target cells are seen in? | Ans. D. All of the aboveTarget cells (Central area of hemoglobinization)a. Liver diseaseb. Post - splenectomyc. thalassemiad. Hemoglobin C disease | 10,885 | medmcqa_train |
Common complement component for both the pathways is the following: | Classic and alternate pathways lead to the production of C3b, the central molecule of the complement cascade. The presence of C3b on the surface of a microbe marks it as foreign and targets it for destruction. C3b has two impoant functions: (1) It combines with other complement components to generate C5 convease, the e... | 10,886 | medmcqa_train |
Paget's disease of breast following are true except ? | Answer is None "A skin specimen containing Paget cells secures the diagnosis and can be obtained by nipple scrape cytology or biopsy." | 10,887 | medmcqa_train |
If tyrosine level in blood is normal without external supplementation, deficiency of which of the following is ruled out ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., PhenylalanineTyrosine is synthesized from phenylalanine.In phenylalanine deficiency or in disorders in which phenylalanine cannot be conveed into tyrosine (phenylketonuria), tyrosine becomes an essential amino acid and should be supplemented from outside. | 10,888 | medmcqa_train |
Chikungunya virus belongs to which family: | Chikungunya is caused by the chikungunya virus, which is classified in the family Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus. Ref: | 10,889 | medmcqa_train |
In neonatal cholestasis, if the serum gamma glutamyl- transpeptidase (GGT) is more than 600 IU/L the most likely diagnosis is: | D. Biliary atresia(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 1933)3 Enzymes reflect cholestasis: Alkaline phosphatase, 5'nucleotidase & Gamma glutamyl transpeptidase.About GGT in Cholestasis: (Normal value of GGT is 5-40IU/L)"GGT levels are commonly elevated to values more than 10 times normal in biliary atresia while in hepatic causes it ... | 10,890 | medmcqa_train |
Stauffer syndrome is associated with the following malignancy: | The presenting signs and symptoms of renal cell carcinoma include hematuria, abdominal pain, and a flank or abdominal mass. A spectrum of paraneoplastic syndromes has been associated with this malignancy, including erythrocytosis, hypercalcemia, nonmetastatic hepatic dysfunction (Stauffer syndrome), and acquired dysfib... | 10,891 | medmcqa_train |
Central muscle relaxants act by - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Inhibits spinal polysynaptic reflexes Centrally acting muscle relaxants selectively depress spinal and supraspinal polysynaptic reflexes involved in the regulation of muscle tone without significantly affecting monosynaptic mediated stretch reflex. | 10,892 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is not an enzyme of Urea biosynthesis? | Carbamoyl Phosphate Synthase I Is the Pacemaker Enzyme of the Urea Cycle. Other enzymes are; Argininosuccinate Synthase. Argininosuccinate Lyase. Arginase.Ref: Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry, 30th edition, page no: 295 | 10,893 | medmcqa_train |
Normal respiratory compliance is ? | The lungs and thoracic cage are both elastic structures. Hence they display a constant relationship between distending pressure and change in volume. The change in volume per unit change in pressure is called "compliance". The total compliance of both lungs together in the normal adult human being is about 0.2 L/cm wat... | 10,894 | medmcqa_train |
In one carbon metabolism when Serine converted to Glycine, which carbon atom is added to THFA? | Ans. B. Beta carbon | 10,895 | medmcqa_train |
Pressure-Volume loop of cardiac cycle is shown below. What does point C represent? | At point C, Ventricular pressure becomes more than aortic pressure. Hence, aortic valve opens. | 10,896 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following will not cause a low lung diffusing capacity(DL)? | A decrease in the diffusion distance will lead to an increase in DL. A decrease in capillary blood volume, surface area, cardiac output, and blood hemoglobin concentration will decrease DL. | 10,897 | medmcqa_train |
The alveoli are filled with exudate the air is displaced conveing the lung into a solid organ. This description suggests- | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Lobar pneumonia | 10,898 | medmcqa_train |
Most common indication for pediatric liver transplant? | Ans: b (Biliary atresia) Ref: Nelson, 18th ed, p. 1712, Table 365-1; 17th ed, p. 1349, Table 349-1Most frequent indication of pediatric liver transplantation is extrahepatic biliary atresia after a failed portoenterostomy (Kasai) procedure.Causes of neonatal cholestasisIntrahepatic* Idiopathic-- Commonest cause* Infect... | 10,899 | medmcqa_train |
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