query stringlengths 1 1.57k | pos stringlengths 1 22.5k | idx int64 0 161k | task_name stringclasses 1
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Mean + 1.96 SD include following % of values in a distribution: September 2012 | Ans: D i.e. 95% 96 is the approximate value of the 97.5 percentile point of the normal distribution used in probability and statistics. 95% of the area under a normal curve lies within roughly 1.96 standard detions of the mean, and due to the central limit theorem, this number is therefore used in the construction of a... | 22,000 | medmcqa_train |
The compensation claim at State Level Dispute Redressal Commission is: | CONSUMER PROTECTION ACT (CPA/COPRA)
The Consumer Protection Act, 1986 that came into force on 15th April 1987 is a JOTG & milestone in the history of socio-economic legislation in the country. It is one of the most progressive and comprehensive piece of legislations enacted for the protecti... | 22,001 | medmcqa_train |
A 19 year old young girl with previous history of repeated pain over medial canthus and chronic use of nasal decongestants, presented with abrupt onset of fever with chills & rigor, diplopia on lateral gaze, moderate proptosis & chemosis. On examination optic disc is congested. Most likely diagnosis is | Cavernous sinus thrombosis Repeated pain over medial canthus and chronic use of nasal decongestants suggest chronic ethmoidal sinusitis. Patient's other symptoms suggest that she has landed up in complicated sinusitis Now lets see the symptoms one by one ? There is sudden onset of ? - Chills & rigor Systemic symptoms -... | 22,002 | medmcqa_train |
A patient is unable to close her right eye. Physical examination reveals weakness of the right orbicularis oculi. Which of the following additional symptoms would likely also be present? | If the lesion affected the facial nerve more proximally, additional findings would be hyperacusis (increased sensitivity to sound because of stapedius muscle paralysis), lack of taste sensation in the anterior two-thirds of the tongue, and disturbed lacrimation and salivation. | 22,003 | medmcqa_train |
Space of Disse is in: | Ans. C. LiverThe perisinusoidal space (or space of Disse) is a location in the liver between a hepatocyte and a sinusoid. It contains the blood plasma.Microvilli of hepatocytes extend into this space, allowing proteins and other plasma components from the sinusoids to be absorbed by the hepatocytes. | 22,004 | medmcqa_train |
Venkataraman-Ramakrishnan media is used for: March 2005 | Ans. C: Vibrio cholerae Transpo media for cholera vibrios are: Modified Cary and Blair medium is recommended as a good transpo medium. It is a very stable medium and can be stored for use in screw capped containers. It is a semi-solid transpo medium. At least two swabs should be inoculated. Alternative transpo media fo... | 22,005 | medmcqa_train |
Protein requirement in adult male | Ref:Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine 25th Ed Pgno : 662 | 22,006 | medmcqa_train |
Straight back syndrome is associated with? | Straight back syndrome: Loss of thoracic kyphosis (antero-posterior diameter of chest is relatively lesser), so place available for hea is also less. Hea is sandwiched b/w thoracic veebrae, sternum and rib cage. Causes Mitral valve Prolapse =>Mid Systolic click Ankylosing spondylitis - AR condition | 22,007 | medmcqa_train |
Investigation of choice to differentiate pericardial effusion and dilatation of hea: | Ans. Echocardiography | 22,008 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following are true regarding Phrygian cap of gallbladder, except? | Phrygian cap Congenital anomaly of the gallbladder Results from folding of the gallbladder fundus Resembles a soft conical cap with the top pulled forward Can simulate a mass in the liver during hepatobiliary imaging and is sometimes mistaken for pathology. Normally causes no symptoms Does not predispose to other disea... | 22,009 | medmcqa_train |
Immediate stiffness postmoem occurs in - | Immediate rigor occurs in cadaveric spasm which is contraction of muscles during life which become stiff and rigid immediately after death. Dr. Narayana Reddys Synopsis of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology 27 th edition pg. 81. | 22,010 | medmcqa_train |
A 12 year old boy presented with complaints of progressive head ache and visual disturbance which is not improved by any medical approaches. During evaluation CT scan of the head shows supracellar enlargement with calcification is seen. The diagnosis is? | In children Craniopharyngeoma presents as visual disturbance and growth failure. A craniopharyngioma is a slow-growing, extra-axial, epithelial-squamous, calcified, and cystic tumor arising from remnants of the craniopharyngeal duct and/or Rathke cleft and occupying the (supra) sellar region. Craniopharyngiomas most fr... | 22,011 | medmcqa_train |
All are used in the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus except: | C i.e. D-xylose absorption testGlycosylated hemoglobin (HbAic, an index of average glucose level in preceding 12 weeks), Fasting blood sugar (FBS 126 mg/dl), oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) i.e. 2 hour post prandial glucose levels (> 200 mg/dl) and random blood sugar (RBS > 200 mg(dl) are used to diagnose diabetes m... | 22,012 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following clinicopathologic features are seen more often in seminomas as compared to nonseminomatous germ cell tumors of the testis except: | Answer is 'c' ie They are often associated with raised levels of serum AFP and HCG | 22,013 | medmcqa_train |
HCN causes - | Hydrocyanic acid Cyanide occurs as solid, liquid or in gaseous state as: * Gas form -- Hydrogen cyanide (HCN) * Liquid form -- Hydrocyanic acid (Prussic acid) * Solid form -- occurs as salts such as potassium cyanide/ sodium cyanide. Mechanism of Action Cyanide reversibly inhibits ferric iron containing enzymes. Cyanid... | 22,014 | medmcqa_train |
Cause of clostridium difficle associated diarrhea ? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Antibiotic use | 22,015 | medmcqa_train |
All are the contraindications for vaginal birth after previous caesarean except: | Previous 2 LSCs and not a single one is a C/I for VBAC. | 22,016 | medmcqa_train |
In a chronic alcoholic patient all of the following drugs should be avoided except - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Beclomethasone o The drugs causing Disulfiram like actions (i) Chlorpropramide (iv) Citrated calcium carbamide (vii) Griseofulvin (ii) Cephalosporins (Cefoperazone, (v) Cynamide (viii) Procarbazine moxalactam, cefamandole) (vi) Animal charcol (ix) Tinidazine (iii) Metronidazole | 22,017 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following disease is not transmitted from animals to man | Ans: a (German measles)Ref: Park, 20th ed. Pg. 139German measles or rubella is an acute respiratory infection of childhood, characterized by low grade fever, lymphadenopathy, and a maculopapular rash. The disease is caused by a RNA virus, and is transmitted directly from person to person by droplets from nose and throa... | 22,018 | medmcqa_train |
Beaded margin of eyelid is seen in: | Lipoid proteinosis REF: http : //en. wikipedia org/wiki/U rbach%E2 %80%93Wiethe_disease "Urbach--Wiethe disease (also known as lipoid proteinosis and hyalinosis cutis et mucosae) is a rare autosomal-recessive disorderwith fewer than 300 repoed cases since its discovery, that presents in early childhood with hoarseness,... | 22,019 | medmcqa_train |
Which hormone is responsible for acne - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., TestosteronePredisposing factors for Acne vulgariso Genetic factorso Hormones - Androgens, glucocorticoids,o Psychological stress and depression,o Environmental factors - High temperature & humidity,o Cosmetics - Containing lenolin, petroleum, vegetable oils,o Infection - Propionibacterium, Pityrospor... | 22,020 | medmcqa_train |
Sickle cell disease is present with which mutation: | Ans. (d) Base pair substitutionRef: Harper's Biochemistry, 30th ed. pg. 416-17A partial missense mutation (type of base pair substitution) glutamic acid, the normal amino acid in position 6 of the b chain, has been replaced by valine. | 22,021 | medmcqa_train |
Most common site of Ewing's sarcoma ? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Shaft of femur Commonest site Ivory osteoma - Frontal sinus Osteoid osteoma - Tibia Admantinoma (Ameloblastoma) - Mandible Chordoma - Sacrum and cervical spine Osteoclastoma - Lower end of femur Ewing's sarcoma - Femur diaphysis > tibia diaphysis Osteosarcoma - Distal femur (45%), Proximal tibia (25%)... | 22,022 | medmcqa_train |
Lymphoid malignancy arising from thymic cells are | About 85% are B -ALLs, which typically manifest as childhood acute leukemia.
Less common T - ALLs tend to present in adolescent males or thymic lymphomas.
These thymic lymphomas causes compression of large vessels and airway in the mediastinum. | 22,023 | medmcqa_train |
One gray of radiation is equal to - | The activity of radioactive material is the number of nuclear disintegration per unit of time. SI unit of radiation exposure - coulomb per kilogram (1Roentgen = 2.58x10-4 C/kg) absorbed dose - Gray (1 Gray = 100 rad) Dose equivalent - Sieve (Sv) (1 Sv = 100 rems) Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, 25th ... | 22,024 | medmcqa_train |
Mental retardation is seen in? | Mental retardation is feature of PKU due to elevated level of phenylalanine hydroxylase in brain. | 22,025 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following glycoprotein transported in plasma in iron metabolism: | (Transferrin): Ref: 644-R, 369-HM) (436- Basic pathology 8th)* Iron in transported in plasma by an iron-binding glycoprotein called transferrin. Which is synthesized in the liver. In normal individuals transferrin is a bout 33% saturated with iron. Yielding serum levels that average 120 mg/dl is man and 100m/dl in woma... | 22,026 | medmcqa_train |
Suspected cause preceding the observed effect is an example for- | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Temporal association Temporal associationo It implies cause preceds effect or effect follows cause, i.e., suspected cause preceding the observed effect,o It is the most important criteria for causal associationo It is best established by concurrent cohort study.Strength of associationo It implies how ... | 22,027 | medmcqa_train |
Cells that are identified by presence of immunoglobulins on the surface are? | Ans. (b) B-cells(Ref: Robbins 9th/pg 191; 8th/pg 187)B-cells have IgM and IgG on the surface of cells, which are used to identify them | 22,028 | medmcqa_train |
A 9-month-old is brought to the emergency center by ambulance. The child had been having emesis and diarrhea with decreased urine output for several days, and the parents noted that she was hard to wake up this morning. Her weight is 9 kg, down from 11 kg the week prior at her 9- month checkup. You note her hea rate an... | The description is that of a child with hypernatremia (in this case, the child's sodium was 170 meq/dL); the "doughy" skin is often seen in hypernatremia. The extracellular fluid and circulating blood volumes tend to be preserved with hypernatremic dehydration at the expense of the intracellular volume. Therefore, hypo... | 22,029 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is a delayed absorbable synthetic suture material ? | Silk and nylon are non absorbable suture materials. Chromic catgut is catgut (natural) with chromic acid salt which gets absorbed in 21 days. Vicryl is synthetic, multifilament and braided, absorbable suture material which gets absorbed in 90 days by hydrolysis Reference : page 1172 SRB's manual of surgery 5th edition | 22,030 | medmcqa_train |
Destruction of fat in acute pancreatitis is due to ? | Ans. is `b' ie Lipase and trypsinAn enzyme activated by trypsin is phospholipase A2. This enzyme splits a fatty acid off lecithin, forming lysolecithin. Lysolecithin damages cell membrane. It has been hypothesized that in acute pancreatitis phaspholipase A2 is activated in the pancreatic ducts, with formation of lysole... | 22,031 | medmcqa_train |
Which among the following is the earliest feature of Tuberous sclerosis? | Ash leaf spots are white, ovoid, hypopigmented, ash leaf-shaped macules that can be found on the trunks or limbs. White macules offer an excellent oppounity for early diagnosis because they may be found at bih or early infancy. Shagreen patches are flesh-colored soft plaques that are frequently found in the lumbosacral... | 22,032 | medmcqa_train |
Aldosterone receptors are present in all except: | A i.e. LiverAldosterone (or mineralocoicoid) receptor (MR, MLR, MCR) is expressed in central nervous system (hippocampus), hea, kidney, colon, brown adipose tissue and sweat glands but not not in liverQ.It is a steroid hormone receptor that belongs to nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 2 (NR3C2). It is activ... | 22,033 | medmcqa_train |
In tight contacts, the best rubber dam material type is: | The thinner material has the advantage of passing through the contacts easier, which is particularly helpful when contacts are tight. | 22,034 | medmcqa_train |
Which organism causes infection after splenectomy | Ans. (a) H. InfluenzaRef : Harrison 19th ed. / 484f 652* Spleen protects from capsulated organisms and hence protects from infection from organisms like pneumococcus, meningococcus, hemophilus influenza.* Vaccination against these organisms must be done 4 weeks before planned splenectomy. | 22,035 | medmcqa_train |
True regarding median nerve is/are | All Correct - A,B, C, | 22,036 | medmcqa_train |
The primary deficiency in the disease phenylketonuria occurs in the synthesis of: | Phenylalanine hydroxylase which conves phenylalanine to tyrosine is deficient in phenylketonuria. The most common cause of hyperphenylalaninemia is deficiency of the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase, which catalyzes the conversion of phenylalanine to tyrosine. Ref: Barsh G. (2010). Chapter 2. Genetic Disease. In S.J. M... | 22,037 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following estimates blood creatinine level most accurately - | Among the given options, the enzyme assay is the most accurate.
Methods to measure serum creatine to assess GFR are:-
i) Gas chromatography-isotope dilution mass spectroscopy (GC-IDMS):- It is the most accurate and method of choice.
ii) High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
(iii) Enzymatic creatinine method (... | 22,038 | medmcqa_train |
Aetiology of the hernia includes all EXCEPT: | (Chronic prostatitis): Ref: 1272 - LB, 1200 - 1202-SB (968-B & L 25th)Causes of hernia:1. Whooping cough2. Straining on micturition or defecation3. Obesity, Pregnancy4. Intraabdominal malignancy5. Smokers, result of an acquired collagen deficiency6. Peritoneal dialysis - from a previously occult weakness or enlargement... | 22,039 | medmcqa_train |
Folinic acid used in: | Ref: Goodman & Gillman's 13th ed. P 1177* Folic acid is an essential dietary factor which is converted to FH4 by DHFR enzyme and provide methyl groups for the synthesis of precursors of DNA.* Folic acid analogues such as MTX interfere with FH4 metabolism, thereby inhibiting DNA replication.* Adverse effects: Myelosuppr... | 22,040 | medmcqa_train |
Diagonal conjugate is: | Ans. B. Lower border of symphysis and sacral promontoryDiagonal conjugate is distance between lower borders of symphysis pubis to the midpoint on sacral promontory. It measures 12cm. it is measured clinically during pelvic assessment in late pregnancy or in labor. Obstetric conjugate is computed by subtracting 1.5 to 2... | 22,041 | medmcqa_train |
National Cancer Awareness day is celebrated on: | National cancer awareness day is celebrated on 7th November on the bih day of Nobel laureate Madam Curie. Ref: Health policies and programmes in India, D.K. Taneja 11th edition page: 352 | 22,042 | medmcqa_train |
False about Influenza is | Type A pandemics every 10-15 years. | 22,043 | medmcqa_train |
A Trained bih attended is for a population of: | National target: 1 TBA per village (1000 rural population) Traditional bih attendant (TBA) Location - village level Population norm - 1/1000 Education - NO Training at : PHC, sub - centre or MCH centre (30 working days: has to conduct 2 supervised deliveries) Duties of TBAs: 1) Conduct home deliveries in aseptic manner... | 22,044 | medmcqa_train |
Vitamin E causes | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Ataxia Vitamin E (tocopherol) is a fat-soluble vitamin with antioxidant propeies; It protects cell membranes from oxidation and destruction. Vitamin E is found in a variety of food including oils, meat, eggs, and leafy vegatables. There are multiple forms and isomers of tocopherol and the related comp... | 22,045 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following are legal grounds for Medical Termination of pregnancy, EXCEPT: | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Unmarried female The conditions under which a pregnancy can be terminated under the MTP Act. 1971:* There are 4 conditions that have been identified in the Act:a) Medical - Where continuation of the pregnancy might endanger the mother's life or cause grave injury to her physical or mental health.b) Eu... | 22,046 | medmcqa_train |
On average, approximately what is the dimension of the permanent maxillary canine at the widest mesiodistal diameter of the crown? | The dimension of the permanent maxillary canine at the widest MD diameter is 7.5 mm (7.5 mm (Ash and Nelson, 2003); 7.6 mm ). | 22,047 | medmcqa_train |
Structure derived from first pharyngeal arch | Ref:- Keith L. Moore -The Developing Human 9th Edition; Pg num:- 165 | 22,048 | medmcqa_train |
True about Hybridoma: | A i.e. Immoalise myeloma cell - Hybridoma is an immoal (permanent) cellQ produced by cell fusion of B cells (previously immunized or injected with antigen) and myeloma cells of mouseQ (or suitable animal). It produces monospecific monoclonal antibodiesQ which can be humanized (used in humans) by attaching the complemen... | 22,049 | medmcqa_train |
What is involved in the formation of d-TMP from d-UMP? | The following reaction is catalyzed by thymidylate synthetase:5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + dUMP = dihydrofolate + dTMPBy means of reductive methylation, deoxyuridine monophosphate (dUMP) and N5, N10-methylene tetrahydrofolate together used to form dTMP, yielding dihydrofolate as a secondary product. | 22,050 | medmcqa_train |
The main source of menstrual blood during menstruation is: | Menstrual bleeding is from both systems, but aerial bleeding is appreciably greater than venous. Endometrial bleeding appears to follow rupture of an aeriole of a coiled aery, with consequent hematoma formation. With a hematoma, the superficial endometrium is distended and ruptures. Hemorrhage stops with aeriolar const... | 22,051 | medmcqa_train |
Anaesthetic agent associated with hallucination is: | Ketamine | 22,052 | medmcqa_train |
Which is best for diagnosis of Hypersensitivity pneumonitis? | Hypersensitivity pneumonitis: Type IV HSR Chest Imaging - normal in Hypersensitivity pneumonitis Pulmonary function testing - Obstructive pattern Clinical prediction rule- eg Farmer's Lung Exposure to antigen Presence of precipitin Recurrence of symptoms >4-6 hrs Crackles on auscultation Weight loss Farmer lung:- Therm... | 22,053 | medmcqa_train |
A/E is under the control of hypothalamus: | Ans. is 'a' is increase heart rate with exercise Increase in heart rate with exercise in mainly under the medullary control*.All other options are under the hypothalamic controlTemperature regulationAnterior hypothalamus* controls the response to heat*Posterior hypothalamus* controls the response to cold*Food intakeFee... | 22,054 | medmcqa_train |
A 24-year-old lady presented with sudden onset chest pain , palpitations lasting for about 20 minutes. She says there were 3 similar episodes in the past. All the investigations were normal. What is the likely diagnosis? | Panic Attack: - It is an acute attack of intense anxiety with a "feeling of impending Doom" and Patient feels he is about die or he feels he is having a hea attack or he feels he is about to go crazy or he feels he will loose control. Panic Disorders: - Recurrent & unexpected panic attacks Anticipatory anxiety in betwe... | 22,055 | medmcqa_train |
What is the rostral end of the corpus callosum called? | The corpus callosum is a large bundle of myelinated and non-myelinated fibers, the great white commissure that crosses the longitudinal cerebral fissure and interconnects the hemispheres. The body of the corpus callosum is arched; its anterior curved poion, the genu, continues antero ventrally as the rostrum. The thick... | 22,056 | medmcqa_train |
In fracture of penis involving rupture of tunica albuginea with intact Buck's fascia following would be noted clinically? | A penile fracture occurs when the tunica albuginea of one or both corpus cavernosum ruptures due to direct trauma to the erect penis. It can be associated with paial or complete urethral rupture, or deep dorsal vein injury. The most common cause is sexual intercourse, but other causes include animal bites, stabbing, bu... | 22,057 | medmcqa_train |
A 19-year-old man working as a driver comes to Psychiatrist with excessive anxiety and fear. He repos that every time he drives over a bump in the road, he is convinced that he has accidentally run over a small child. He has to pull over and check underneath his car for blood and retrace his driving route to look for a... | Patient's behavior is suggestive of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder. Although multiple neurotransmitters and regulatory mechanisms are thought to contribute to the clinical expression of OCD ,serotonin is the primary pharmacological target. First-line treatment is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor(SSRI) antidepres... | 22,058 | medmcqa_train |
Acute yellow Fatty Liver is caused by which of the following poisonings? | B i.e. Arsenic Acute yellow fatty liver is characteristically seen in phosphorus poisoning but can also be seen in arsenic poisoningQ. | 22,059 | medmcqa_train |
A 25 year old married nullipara undergoes laparoscopic cystectomy for ovarian cyst which on histopathology reveals ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma. What should be the next management? | The ovarian enlargement should be assessed by serum CA-125 and transvaginal sonography An ovarian enlargement >8cm during child bearing period deserves carefull follow up CA 125 value >35u/ml is suggestive of epithelial ovarian cancer D.C.DUTTA'S TEXTBOOK OF GYNECOLOGY,Pg no:377,6th edition | 22,060 | medmcqa_train |
Conc. of Lidocaine used in spinal anesthesia | A i.e. 5% | 22,061 | medmcqa_train |
As a pa of space-research program, a physiologist was asked to investigate the effect of flight-induced stress on blood pressure. Accordingly, the blood pressure of the cosmonauts were to be measured twice: once before the take-off and once after the spacecraft entered the designated orbit around the eah. For a proper ... | In the space there is no gravity. In order to compare the blood pressure taken preflight and the one in the space, BP should be taken in a position where gravity is nullified. In lying position the gravitational force is nullified, so preflight BP measurement should be done in the lying down position. In supine positio... | 22,062 | medmcqa_train |
Severe dehydration in an older child occurs when the fluid loss is | Signs of mild or moderate dehydration include: Thirst. Dry or sticky mouth. Signs of severe dehydration include: Not peeing or having very dark yellow pee. Very dry skin. Feeling dizzy. Rapid heabeat. Rapid breathing. Sunken eyes. Sleepiness, lack of energy, confusion or irritability. Fainting. Reference: GHAI Essentia... | 22,063 | medmcqa_train |
Which one of the following drug is a second- generation antipsychotic/serotonin-dopamine antagonist/atypical antipsychotic? | Ans. D. All of the aboveThe second-generation antipsychotics are a group of antipsychotic agents that were introduced into clinical psychiatry during the early 1990s. In the United States and most parts of the world, these agents are the most widely prescribed agents for schizophrenia and other illnesses associated wit... | 22,064 | medmcqa_train |
Ectopia lentis is seen in: | Ans. All | 22,065 | medmcqa_train |
Nonoxynol - 9 (marketed as TODAY) is a/an : | Ans. is c i.e. Barrier contraceptive TODAY : It is mushroom shaped polyurethane disposable sponge. It is contains lgm of NONOXYNOL - 9 and is provided with a loop for easy removal. It is a barrier contraceptive which prevents entry of sperm into the cervical canal and contains a spermicidal agent. It should be placed h... | 22,066 | medmcqa_train |
Pathologic features of brain in AIDS are all, except | Unlike most other viral encephalitides, HIV does not seem to infect neurons and perivasculitis is conspicuously absent" - Anderson pathology 10th/e p. 2728
"Characteristic multinuclear Giant cells of macrophage origin are seen in deep white matter of frontal and temporal lobes particularly in perivascular location" - A... | 22,067 | medmcqa_train |
Dohlman's procedure is used in - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Zenker's diverticulum o Endoscopic Zenker's diverticulectomy is aka Dolmann's procedure. | 22,068 | medmcqa_train |
Antral puncture is done through- | Proof puncture (Antral puncture)
This procedure involves puncturing the medial wall of the maxillary sinus in the region of the inferior meatus and irrigating the sinus.
Indications
1) Chronic and subacute maxillary sinusitis with the dual purpose of :
Confirming the diagnosis and
Washing out the pus
2) To col... | 22,069 | medmcqa_train |
Ova in stool are not of diagnostic significance in? | Strongyloides REF: Harrison's 18th e chapter 217, Jawetz, Melnick, & Adelberg's Medical Microbiology, 24TH edition chapter 46 Table 46-4 The table clearly says that stool for ova/egg is not required for diagnosis of strongyloides PARASITIC NEMATODE Feature Ascaris lumbricoides (Roundworm) Necator americanus, Ancylostom... | 22,070 | medmcqa_train |
A disease which only affects the formation and eruption of the tooth but does not cause
hypoplasia is? | Hyperthyroidism does not cause hypoplasia.
In children, shedding of the deciduous teeth occurs earlier than normal, and eruption of the permanent teeth is greatly accelerated.
Ref: Shafer's textbook of oral pathology 7th edition page 652 | 22,071 | medmcqa_train |
Severe hypovolemic shock occurs when blood volume less is - | Hypovolemic shock
Hypovolemic shock is the most common form of shock.
This is due to a decrease in blood volume either by the loss of blood or plasma.
Grading of hypovolemic shock
Mild hypovolemia → When volume loss is less than 20%. There is generally mild tachycardia but relatively few external signs.
Moderate ... | 22,072 | medmcqa_train |
A 4-year-old boy is brought to the physician by his parents because he falls a lot, cannot jump, and tires easily Physical examination reveals weakness in the pelvic and shoulder girdles and enlargement of the child's calf muscles. The serum level of creatine kinase is elevated. A biopsy of calf muscle reveals marked v... | Dystrophin. Duchenne muscular dystrophy is caused by mutations of a large gene on the short arm of the X chromosome (Xp21). This gene codes for dystrophin, a protein localized to the inner surface of the sarcolemma. Dystrophin links the subsarcolemmal cytoskeleton to the exterior of the cell through a transmembrane com... | 22,073 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following local anaesthetics is most likely to produce an allergic reaction – | There is high incidence of allergic reaction with ester local anesthetics because of para-aminobenzoic acid.
Amongst the given options only benzocaine is an ester. | 22,074 | medmcqa_train |
Accessory canal occurs in how many distinct patterns in the mandibular first molars? | Refer Extended FB session held on april 6 | 22,075 | medmcqa_train |
‘Himalayan P waves’ in ECG is characteristic of: | 12 – lead ECG
Rarely normal
Abnormal P waves consistent with right atrial enlargement – ‘Himalaya P waves”.
RBBB in 75-92%
PR prolongation is common due to RA enlargment
Ventricular pre-excitation 10-30% | 22,076 | medmcqa_train |
ALL carpal bones articulate with the radius except | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Pisiform * The radiocarpal joint is a major synovial joint of the wrist and is an example of a condyloid joint.* The joint occurs proximally between the distal end of the radius and the articular disc of the distal radioulnar joint, and distally by the proximal carpal row (the scaphoid, lunate and tri... | 22,077 | medmcqa_train |
Occasionally, during a nephrectomy, the adrenal glands may be spared. In order to accomplish this, the vascular supply to the glands must be preserved. The left adrenal vein can be identified by observing that it drains directly into which of the following veins? | The left adrenal vein and the left gonadal vein (either testicular or ovarian) drain into the left renal vein. The left renal vein then drains into the inferior vena cava. In contrast, the right adrenal vein and right gonadal vein drain directly into the inferior vena cava. The hemiazygos vein receives the venous drain... | 22,078 | medmcqa_train |
In Buggery, the victim in called paederasty if he is | Ans. a (Young boy) (Ref. Reddy's essentials of FMT 23rd 1346)Sodomy (buggery) is anal intercourse between two males or, between a male and female. It is also called buggery. It is called gerontophilia when the active agent is an adult and paederasty, when the passive agent is a young boy, who is known as catamite.# A p... | 22,079 | medmcqa_train |
Cytogenetics for synol cell sarcoma is | Most synol sarcoma show a charecteristic(x:18) translocation that produces a fusion gene encoding a chimeric transcription factor. They usually devolop in deep soft tissues aroundcthe knee,occuring in age groups 20-40s Robbins basic pathology 9th edition page no 795,heading=synol sarcoma | 22,080 | medmcqa_train |
Cardiopulmonary manifestation of hypehyroidism- | The most common cardiovascular manifestation is sinus tachycardia, often associated with palpitations, occasionally caused by supra- ventricular tachycardia. The high cardiac output produces a bounding pulse, widened pulse pressure, and an aoic systolic murmur and can lead to worsening of angina or hea failure in the e... | 22,081 | medmcqa_train |
GFR is measured by | Inulin is uniquely treated by nephrons in that it is completely filtered at the glomerulus but neither secreted nor reabsorbed by the tubules. This propey of inulin allows the clearance of inulin to be used clinically as a highly accurate measure of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) -- the rate of plasma from the affere... | 22,082 | medmcqa_train |
In Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, which of the following is seen? | Ans. (b) Metabolic alkalosis* In HPS, hypertrophy of the circular muscle of the pylorus results in constriction and obstruction of the gastric outlet.* Most commonly clinical presentation is seen between 3-6 weeks of life* Clinical features:* Projectile nonbilious vomiting* Visible gastric peristalsis may be seen as a ... | 22,083 | medmcqa_train |
A pregnant woman presents with hepatic encephalopathy.The likely diagnosis: | Fulminant hepatitis occurs in upto 20% pregnant females with Hepatitis E virus. Ref: Text Book of Microbilogy By Ananthanarayan, 6th Edition, Page 518 ; Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 14th Edition, Page 1689 | 22,084 | medmcqa_train |
A 60 year old male presented with acute chest pain of 4 hours duration. Electrocardiographic examination revealed new Q wave with ST segment depression. He succumbed to his illness within 24 hours of admission. The heart revealed presence of a transmural haemorrhagic area over the septum and anterior wall of the left v... | The patient in the question succumbed to myocardial infarction after about 28 hours of the attack. After twenty-four hours of the attack light microscopy shows coagulative necrosis of myofibrils with loss of nuclei and striations along with an interstitial infiltrate of neutrophils. For details, see the table of morpho... | 22,085 | medmcqa_train |
Inversion injury at the ankle can cause all of the following EXCEPT: | C i.e. Sprain of extensor digitorum brevis Inversion injury of ankle cause peroneal tendon sheath (not extensor digitorum brevis) sprain. Inversion Injury to ankle may lead to - Lateral collateral ligament injury (anterior talo fibularQ> calcaneofibular > posterior - talofibular ligament) - Peroneal tendon injuryQ - Av... | 22,086 | medmcqa_train |
Boundary of the Koch's triangle is not formed by | The atrioventricular node (AVN) is within the subendocardial layer of the hea wall of the interatrial septum. In relation to the right atrium, its position is within the triangle of Koch Triangle of Koch: a roughly triangular area on the septal wall of the right atrium, bounded by the base of the septal leaflet of the ... | 22,087 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following drugs inhibit 5'– deiodinase? | For the peripheral conversion of T1 to T3, the enzyme needed is 5'-deiodinase. It is inhibited by
Propylthiouracil
Propanolol
Amiodarone. | 22,088 | medmcqa_train |
True about fatty liver of pregnancy:a) Common in third trimesterb) Microvesicular fatty changesc) Lysosomal injury is the caused) Alcohol is the main causee) Recurrence is very common | Acute fatty liver of pregnancy/Acute yellow atrophy of the liver:
It is a rare condition occurring in third trimester (mean gestational age of 37.5 weeks)
It is the the M/C cause of acute liver failure during pregnancy.
Aetiology:
It is associated with disorders of fatty acid transport and oxidation-deficiency of LC... | 22,089 | medmcqa_train |
A patient presents with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia and presence of urobilinogen in urine. Which amongst the following is the least likely diagnosis: | Answer is D (Dubin Johnson Syndrome) Dubin Johnson syndrome is associated with conjugated hyperbilirubinemia & not unconjugated hjperbilirubinemia. Dubin Johnson Syndrome results from a hereditary defect in excretion of conjugated bilirubin across the canalicular membrane and leads to conjugated hyperbilirubinemia. Dub... | 22,090 | medmcqa_train |
True about tetanus - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Produces tetanolysin and | 22,091 | medmcqa_train |
Characteristics of an ideal candidate for Copper - T inseion include all of the following except : | Ans. is c i.e. Has history of ectopic pregnancy The planned parenthood federation of America has described Ideal IUCD candidate as a woman. Who has no history of pelvic disease. Who has born at least one child Has normal menstrual periods Is willing to check IUCD tail Has access to follow up and t/t of potential proble... | 22,092 | medmcqa_train |
TRUE about Milieu Interior: | "La fixit milieu interior" was Coined by Claude Bernard and it means that in spite of ever changing external environment the internal environment remains the same. In our body cells are bathed in the interstitial fluid which constitute the internal milieu. Interstitial fluid is pa of ECF. Ref: Textbook of Biochemistry ... | 22,093 | medmcqa_train |
Which causes raised angiotensin in blood -a) Increased blood volumeb) Raised cardiac outputc) Decreased blood pressured) Increased sympathetic tone | Function of Renin is to convert Angiotensinogen to Angiotensin I. So whenever Renin secretion is increased, Angiotensin I level also increases. Factors which reduce GFR or reduce Na+ delivery to distal tubule causes Renin secretion. Reduced BP or increased sympathetic tone reduces GFR. | 22,094 | medmcqa_train |
A radomized trial comparing the efficiancy of two drugs showed a difference between the two with a p value of < 0.005. In reality, however drugs do not differ. This is an example of ? | Ans. 'a' i.e., Type I error (alpha error) Drugs showed a difference which is not true in reality --> false positive result. False positive difference is due to type I error. | 22,095 | medmcqa_train |
NOT RELATED-PSYCHIATRY Delusion is the disorder of | DELUSION is false belief in something that is not true.Types of delusions are:1. Primary delusions (autochthonous delusions): Arise denovo, cannot be explained on the basis of other experiences or perceptions. They are characteristic of early schizophrenia.2. Secondary delusions: Commonest delusions seen in clinical pr... | 22,096 | medmcqa_train |
A 36-year-old man presents to you complaining of right scrotal swelling. He states that the swelling has been present for 1 week. He initially noticed the swelling sholy after moving furniture for his new living room. He denies any nausea, vomiting, change in bowel habits, abdominal pain, or urinary tract symptoms. He ... | This patient has a reducible inguinal hernia. A hernia is a protrusion of a structure, usually intestine, through tissue that normally contains it. Inguinal hernias are either direct or indirect. Indirect inguinal hernias occur through the internal inguinal ring in a protrusion of peritoneum along the spermatic cord in... | 22,097 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following statement regarding UNFPA is true? | UNFPA : Funds national level schemes; develop health, family welfare infrastructure & improve availability of services in rural areas. Develop national capability for manufacture of contraceptives, population education programs, strengthen program management & improve output of grass- root level health workers. Introdu... | 22,098 | medmcqa_train |
Which Drug is contraindicated in prince metal's angina is: | Ans: c | 22,099 | medmcqa_train |
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