query stringlengths 1 1.57k | pos stringlengths 1 22.5k | idx int64 0 161k | task_name stringclasses 1
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Rape is defined under: | Ans. (B). 375 IPC(Ref: The essentials of forensic medicine and toxicology; Dr. KS Narayana Reddy, 33rd edition; Page no: 411)According to 375 IPC, Sexual intercourse with a girl under 18 years of ageQ with or without her consent is statutory rape.The minimum age of wife to give consent for sexual intercourse is also 18... | 21,900 | medmcqa_train |
True statement about paralysis of recurrent laryngeal nerve is | Paralysis of recurrent laryngeal nerve common on the left side. The common causes are Bronchogenic cancer Accidental trauma Thyroid surgery Thyroid disease (benign or malignant Cervical lymphadenopathy Carcinoma cervical oesophagus Carcinoma thoracic oesophagus Aoic aneurysm Mediastinal lymphadenopathy Ref: PL Dhingra ... | 21,901 | medmcqa_train |
A man has recurrent uicaria following exercise and coming out in sun. Diagnosis is: | Ans. a. Cholinergic uicaria Cholinergic uicaria develops due to acetyl choline liberated from post ganglionic cholinergic enervated sweat glands under the influence of any stimuli which induces sweating by increasing core body temperatureQ. Precipitating factors are exercise/physical exeiondeg, emotion upsetdeg, exposu... | 21,902 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is not a feature of ASBESTOSIS? | Ans. c (Hilar adenopathy) (Ref.RRM Radiology, 6th ed., p. 463)ASBESTOSIS: Radiological featuresPleural changesPulmonary changesAsbestos-related Malignancy# Pleural Effusion (21%)# Focal Pleural Plaques (65%)# Pleural Calcification# Bilateral diaphragmatic calcifications with clear costophrenic angles are PATHOGNOMONIC#... | 21,903 | medmcqa_train |
Patient is having normal CK & CKMB after 2 days of chest pain which of the following is true- | A significant concentration of CK-MB isoenzyme is found almost exclusively in the myocardium, and the appearance of elevated CK-MB levels in serum is highly specific and sensitive for myocardial cell wall injury. Normal reference values for serum CK-MB range from 3 to 5% (percentage of total CK) or 5 to 25 IU/L.if thes... | 21,904 | medmcqa_train |
A 5 years old child presented to the OPD with complaints of rectal prolapse; On examination stunting and growth retardation was documented; What is the parasitological cause for this clinical feature | * Clinical features of rectal prolapse is a direct clue for diagnosis: Trichuriasis * This Infection is acquired by ingestion of soil with embryonated eggs (has rhabditiform larvae) * It usually affects children and remains asymptomatic * Heavy infection causes rectal prolapse in children; appendicitis; Lab diagnosis:-... | 21,905 | medmcqa_train |
Acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter in the cholinergic neurons. What is the precursor that acetylcholine is derived from? | The conversion of choline by CAT (choline acetyltransferase) is responsible for conveing choline to acetylcholine. Likewise, the conversion of acetylcholine back to choline is by ACH-ase (acetylcholine esterase). CAT ACh-ase Choline ----> Acetylcholine ----------> Choline | 21,906 | medmcqa_train |
Rocker bottom foot is due to - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Overtreatment of CTEV Rocker bottom footo Rocker bottom foot is a foot with a convex plantar surface with an apex of convexity at the talar head (normal plantar surface is concave). Causes of Rocker Bottom foot areCongenital vertical talusOvercorrection of CTEVImproper correction of CTEV, i.e. forcefu... | 21,907 | medmcqa_train |
The inferior most structure of right hilum is | The inferior most structure of right hilum is inferior pulmonary vein. The sequence of structures at the right hilum superior to inferior is: Superior lobar (epaerial) bronchus. Pulmonary aery Principal bronchus Inferior pulmonary vein Ref: Gray&;s Anatomy 41st edition Pgno: 958 | 21,908 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is associated with hypeensive pnemonitis: | Hypersensitivity pnemonotis describes a spectrum of immunoligically mediated,predominately interstitial lung disorders caused by intense often prolonged exposure to inhaled organic antigens. It is a type III +IV hypersensitivity reaction.(ref Robbins 7/e p733,9/e p688) | 21,909 | medmcqa_train |
A 21-year-old man has a nonproductive cough, shortness of breath, and chest pain, which changes with breathing. He also has pain in the left arm. On examination, there is tenderness over the left shoulder, heart sounds are normal, and the lungs are clear. CXR reveals a lytic lesion in the left humerus and reticulonodul... | Primary pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis (PLCH), also called eosinophilic granuloma of the lung, pulmonary Langerhans cell granulomatosis, and pulmonary histiocytosis X, is an uncommon interstitial lung disease that primarily affects young adults. There is a coarse, reticular pattern in the whole lung, somewhat ... | 21,910 | medmcqa_train |
Enzyme of Pathway common to Glu- coneogenesis | Phosphoglycerate kinase (Pathway shown: Glycolysis) | 21,911 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following are the posterior relations of the kidney EXCEPT: | Nerves related to kidneys posteriorly are: Subcostal (T12), iliohypogastric (L1), and ilioinguinal (L1). Four muscles are in posterior relations of kidney: Diaphragm, quadratus lumborum, psoas major, and transversus abdominis. fig:- posterior relation of kidney | 21,912 | medmcqa_train |
Not used for intravascular volume maintainence is - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Erythropoetin o Colloids the term 'colloids' refers to aqueous solutions that contain both large organic macromolecules and electrolytes. Presumably, the large molecular size of the dissolved molecules limited their ability to cross the endothelial membrane. These molecules are retained within the int... | 21,913 | medmcqa_train |
A 29-year-old man has developed marked joint pain beginning 12 days after receiving snake antivenom injection. On physical examination, there is diffuse joint pain with movement. The stool is negative for occult blood. Laboratory studies show a serum creatinine level of 4.4 mg/dL and urea nitrogen level of 42 mg/dL. Mi... | In the localized immune complex reaction (Arthus reaction) at the site of injection, there can be activation and depletion of complement C3. The reaction described here is serum sickness in response to the injected foreign protein, and produced more widespread antigen-antibody complex deposition, particularly in the ki... | 21,914 | medmcqa_train |
A man presented with complaints of scanty, foul smelling, painless discharge from the ear. It is characteristic feature of the following lesion: | Patients with acquired cholesteatomas typically present with recurrent or persistent purulent otorrhea and hearing loss. The discharge is scanty & always foul-smelling due to bone destruction. Facial nerve twitching, palsy, or paralysis can also result from the inflammatory process or from mechanical compression of the... | 21,915 | medmcqa_train |
A woman with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency develops a urinary tract infection. Free radicals generated by responding neutrophils create an oxidant stress, and RBCs are rapidly overwhelmed. As soon as intravascular hemolysis begins, serum levels of which of the following will decrease? | Haptoglobin (or alpha-2 globulin) is a serum protein that promptly binds to free hemoglobin in the serum, forming a tight complex. The haptoglobin-hemoglobin complex is quickly cleared from the blood by the reticuloendothelial system, which allows the hemoglobin to be salvaged instead of lost into the urine. Intravascu... | 21,916 | medmcqa_train |
Increased amylase may be seen in all of the following except: | Answer is B (Appendicitis) Appendicitis alone does not cause increased amylase. Perforated appendix, may be associated with increased amylase. Causes of Hyperamvlasemia and Hyperamylasuria: Pancreatiti Disease Non Pancreatic Disorders Other Abdominal Disorders I. Pancreatitis A. Acute I. Renal insufficiency II. Salivar... | 21,917 | medmcqa_train |
Gleason score is used for prognosticating outcome of? | Ans. D. Prostatic cancer. (Ref. Bailey and Love 26th/pg. 98; 1352)Gleason scoreAdenocarcinomas are also often classified as Gl, 2 or 3, but prostate cancer is an exception with widespread use of the Gleason system. The Gleason system grades prostate cancer according to the degree of differentia- tion of the two most pr... | 21,918 | medmcqa_train |
In regeneration | ref, Robbins 8/e p92-94 .7/e p 88,9/e p101 When the injury is minimal, the tissue may effectively replace the damaged or lost cells . In severely damaged tissues or long-term chronic situations, the ability of the tissue toregenerate the same cell types and tissuestructure may be exceeded, so that a different and imper... | 21,919 | medmcqa_train |
In jarjaway fracture of nasal bone, the fracture line is | Jarjaway' fracture of nasal septum occurs due to blows from the front. Fracture line stas just above the anterior nasal spine and runs horizontally backwards just above the junction of septal cailage with the vomer. Ref: Textbook of ENT; PL Dhingra;7th edition, pg no.165 | 21,920 | medmcqa_train |
Spine of Henle is a: | Spine of henle is a pa of mastoid bone. Mastoid is a spongy or cancellous bone, hence spine of henle is also cancellous. | 21,921 | medmcqa_train |
Severe hepatotoxicity associated with steatohepatitis, most likely a result of mitochondrial toxicity, is being recognized with: | Severe hepatotoxicity associated with steatohepatitis, most likely a result of mitochondrial toxicity, is being recognized with increasing frequency with antiretroviral therapy with reverse transcriptase inhibitors (e.g., zidovudine, didanosine) or protease inhibitors (e.g., indinavir, ritonavir. Reference: Harrisons P... | 21,922 | medmcqa_train |
A 22 years old primigravida presents with suicidal tendency and severe depression in the 1st trimester. Treatment of choice is: | (Refer: Kaplan & Saddock's CTP P.3290 chap. 31.34a)
(Refer: The Maudsley Prescribing Guidelines 11th Ed In Psychiatry Chap .7 P.430)
Since, It is a Primigravida with suicidal tendencies here the therapeutic effect has to be immediate . considering the risk of suicide, medications in first trimester ECT is preferred o... | 21,923 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is Iso-osmolar agent? | - Ionic Monomer - High osmolality contrast media - Ionic Dimer - Low osmolality contrast media - Non-ionic Monomer - Low osmolality contrast media - Non-ionic Dimer - Iso osmolality contrast media | 21,924 | medmcqa_train |
Following hormonal levels are increased in small cell carcinoma of lung except | Hormones produced by small cell variant ACTH AVP ANF calcitonin Gastrin relesinre peptide Ref Harrison 19th edition pg 541 | 21,925 | medmcqa_train |
Diagnostic test for HIV in window period is? | ANSWER: (C) P 24 antigenREF: Harrisons Internal Medicine 17,h edition Chapter 182. Human Immunodeficiency Virus Disease: AIDS and Related DisordersIn June 1996, blood banks in the United States added the p 24 antigen capture assay to the screening process to help identify the rare infected individuals who were donating... | 21,926 | medmcqa_train |
RhabdomyolyMis with myoglobinuria seen in - | Rhabdomyolysis is a serious condition, with destruction of striated muscles, and can be induced by various causes such as drugs, hea attacks, CRASH syndrome, and viper bites. Mass envenomation by multiple wasp stings can also cause rhabdomyolysis followed by acute renal failure, although it is extremely rare. Ref Harri... | 21,927 | medmcqa_train |
All are are features of trachoma except | Trachoma is characterized by conjunctival congestion. It causes keratitis, cicatrization and follicle ciliary congestion,and corneal is not a feature of conjunctivitis refer :Khurana 6th edition page number 65 | 21,928 | medmcqa_train |
Tendon of which of the following muscle can be felt at radial border of the anatomical snuff box. | Extensor pollicis bravis. BOUNDARIES OF ANATOMICAL SNUFF BOX The posterior border of the snuffbox is the tendon of the extensor pollicis longus. The anterior border (closest to the edge of the hand) is a pair of parallel and intimate tendons, of the extensor pollicis brevis and the abductor pollicis longus. (Accordingl... | 21,929 | medmcqa_train |
All of these are physiological changes in pregnancy except? | There is decrease in platelet counts in pregnancy which is also known as gestational thrombocytopenia Lower platelet concentrations are paially due to hemodilution Platelet consumption is likely augmented because of splenic enlargement There may be an element of "hypersplenism," in which platelets are prematurely destr... | 21,930 | medmcqa_train |
Calculous cholecystitis is associated with all of the following except: March 2005 | Ans. D: Diabetes Risk factors for calculous cholecystitis mirror those for cholelithiasis and include the following: Female sex Ceain ethnic groups Obesity or rapid weight loss Drugs (especially hormonal therapy in women) Pregnancy Increasing age | 21,931 | medmcqa_train |
Characterized by chronic, multiple tics ? | Ans. D. Tourette's syndromeTourette syndrome (also called Tourette's syndrome, Tourette's disorder, Gilles de la Tourette syndrome, GTS or, more commonly, simply Tourette's or TS) is an inherited neuropsychiatric disorder with onset in childhood, characterized by multiple physical (motor) tics and at least one vocal (p... | 21,932 | medmcqa_train |
Treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma T1 - | Overall treatment of choice for nasopharyngeal carcinoma → radiotherapy.
Treatment of choice for early (stage I & II) nasopharyngeal carcinoma → radiotherapy.
Treatment of choice for advanced (stage III & IV) nasopharyngeal carcinoma → radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy. | 21,933 | medmcqa_train |
Gonorrhea is assumed to be caused by gonococcus. Gonococcus can be identified by being: | By the fermentation of glucose | 21,934 | medmcqa_train |
Identity the true statement about Pulmonary embolism: | S1 Q3 T3 is highly predictive sign but not the most common ECG finding. And there will be right axis deviation.
D-Dimer is best for screening not gold standard investigation. | 21,935 | medmcqa_train |
Sharp instruments may be sterilized with- | Hot air is useful for sterilizing aicles such as glassware, syringes, swabs, dressing, French chalk oil , Vaseline and sharp instruments. The drawback of hot air is that it has no penetrating power and is not suitable for disinfection of bulky aicles such as mattresses Ref: 25th edition, Park's Textbook of Preventive a... | 21,936 | medmcqa_train |
Bleeding in haemophilia A is due to: | Ans: c (Deficiency of factor 8 which fails to activate factor 10) Ref: Harrison, 16th ed, p. 680; 17th ed, p. 726Haemophilia A occurs due to deficiency or reduced activity of factor 8 which is responsible for activation of factor 10. The intrinsic pathway of coagulation is affected.Haemophilia B or Christmas disease oc... | 21,937 | medmcqa_train |
A child presented with headache, dizziness, intermittent claudication with occasional dyspnoea.The most probable diagnosis in – | Clinical manifestations of COA
Symptoms of coarctation of aorta occurs due to decrease in blood supply distal to aortic obstruction.
If obstruction is distal to left subclavian artery, manifestations are due to arterial insufficiency to lower limbs.
Intermittent claudication
Pain
Weakness of Leg
Dysnea on running
Wea... | 21,938 | medmcqa_train |
Most Commmon cause of chronic osteomyelitis - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Staphylococcus aureus o Chronic osteomyelitis is nearly always a sequel to acute osteomyelitis,o Occasionally infection is subacute or chronic from the begining.o As with acute osteomyelitis, the most common causative organism is staphylococcus areus. | 21,939 | medmcqa_train |
What percentatge of the healthcare waste generated is infectious? | - about 80% of health care wastes accounts for general health care wastes. - 1% accounts for sharps - 15% is pathological and infectious wastes. - 3% chemical and pharmacological wastes. Reference : Park's textbook of preventive and social medicine, 23rd edition, pg no:790 <\p> | 21,940 | medmcqa_train |
After curettage, restoration of junctional epithelium occurs after: | Resorption Re-epithelization of sulcus : After 2-7 days.
Restoration of junctional epithelium : After 5 days.
Immature collagen fibers after 21 days. | 21,941 | medmcqa_train |
The hyperkinetic disorder is characterised by all, except- | Characteristic triad of hyperkinetic disorder (Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) includes Hyperactivity, impulsiveness and inattention (distractibility or lack of concentration). | 21,942 | medmcqa_train |
Deficiency of enzyme hexosaminidase, n subunit causes - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Tay- Sach's disease | 21,943 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following drug does not cause edema? | Ans. b. Digoxin (Ref: Katzung 12/e p1036-1037; http://www.drugs.com/sfx/digoxin-side-effects.html; http://www.drugs. com/sfx/cyclosporine-side-effects. html)Digoxin does not cause edema.Digoxin Side effectsCommonRareNot known to occur* Dizziness* Fainting* Fast, pounding, or irregular heartbeat or pulse* Slow heartbeat... | 21,944 | medmcqa_train |
Q fever is transmitted by - | <p> Q fever:- Highly infectious zoonotic disease with world wide distribution. Occurs mainly in persons associated with sheep, goat ,cattle etc. Causative agent-Coxiella burnetti. It is found in ticks which act as vectors as well as reservoirs. Animal host- cattle,sheep, goat, ticks etc. The placenta of infected cows a... | 21,945 | medmcqa_train |
Excitatory post synaptic potential is | EPSP: Depolarisation of post synaptic membrane by opening of Na+ or Ca2+ channels
IPSP : Hyperpolarisation of post synaptic membrane by opening of Cl- or K+ channels | 21,946 | medmcqa_train |
A three and half-year-old male child, who presented with characteristic self-mutilating behavior. He had history of developmental delay, difficulty in social interaction, attention deficit and features of autism. His serum blood biochemistry was normal except for low hemoglobin levels and raised serum uric acid levels.... | The above features suggests diagnosis of Lesch-Nyhan syndrome is X-linked recessive disorder associated with a viually complete deficiency of Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGP). This deficiency results in an inability to salvage hypoxanthine or guanine, from which excessive amounts of uric acid, the e... | 21,947 | medmcqa_train |
Most common type of colour blindness is: | Ans. Protanopes | 21,948 | medmcqa_train |
Epidemic typhus is cause by - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., R. prowazeki DiseaseAgentInsect vectorMammalian reservoir1.Typhus group a. Epidemic typhusR. prowazekiiLouseHumans b. Murine typhus (Endemic typhus)R. typhiFleaRodents c. Scrub typhusR. tsutsugamushiMiteRodents2.Spotted fever group a. Indian tick typhusR. conoriiTickRodents, dogs b. Rocky mountain spo... | 21,949 | medmcqa_train |
Essential pentosuria can occur due to deficiency in metabolic pathway of | Ans. a (Uronic acid) (Ref. Harper's Biochemistry-26th/pg. 105, 163, 170; 27th/pg. 177)Glucuronic acid is synthesized from glucose via the uronic acid pathway, of major significance for the excretion of metabolites and foreign chemicals (xenobiotics) as glucuronides. A deficiency in the pathway leads to essential pentos... | 21,950 | medmcqa_train |
The slogan for WHO 2005 - | Ans. is b' i.e., Maternal & Child health Year | 21,951 | medmcqa_train |
A 6 year old child presents with pallor that required two blood transfusions previously. He has now developed fever and petechial haemorrhages.His hemoglobin is 9 g/dL, platelet count is 20,000/mm3 and TLC is 60,000/ mm3. Flow cytometry reveals the cells to be CD10 +ve, MPO +ve, CD 19 +ve, CD 33 –ve, CD 117 +ve, and CD... | Mixed lineage acute leukemia is alternatively also known as bilineal acute leukemia. As suggested by the name, there are 2 populations of cells which are morphologically and immunophenotypically distinct from each other.
Analyzing the markers on the cells,
B lymphoid markers: CD10, CD19 and CD79.
T lineage markers: CD... | 21,952 | medmcqa_train |
The Eustachian tube passes between - | GAPS BETWEEN PHARYNGEAL MUSCLES AND RELATED STRUCTURES
I. Between the base of the skull and superior constrictor i.e. above superior constrictor (Sinus of Morgagni) :
Levator veli palatini
Auditory tube(eustachian tube)
Ascending palatine artery
II. Between superior and middle constrictors :
Stylopharyngeus muscle
G... | 21,953 | medmcqa_train |
A patient presented with complaints of ipsilateral flushing and sweating with eating and salivation. He had a parotid gland surgery few weeks ago. Frey's syndrome is diagnosed. Frey's syndrome is related to: | Frey syndrome: Aberrant nerve regeneration after parotid gland injury or surgery may result in ipsilateral flushing and sweating with eating and salivation. Sweating occurs in the distribution of the auriculotemporal nerve after an injury, abscess, or surgery in the parotid region. Freys syndrome can be seen in infants... | 21,954 | medmcqa_train |
All are ocular emergencies except - | Central serous retinopathy (CSR) is typically a self limiting disease and undergoes spontaneous resolution in 80 to 90% of cases.
Ocular emergencies
Closed - angle glaucoma
Retinal detachment
Foreign body
Orbital fractures
Co... | 21,955 | medmcqa_train |
Regarding Lichen Planus all are true, except : | A. i.e. Hypopigmentation in residual disease | 21,956 | medmcqa_train |
The ideal treatment for metastatic choriocarcinoma in the lungs in a young women is : | Ans. is a i.e. Chemotherapy "Unlike other malignant lesion, the treatment of choriocarcinoma is mainly chemotherapy, both for local and distant metastasis." Note : Treatment of malignant trophoblastic disease must be continued with repeated courses of combination chemotherapy until p HCG titres return to nondetectable ... | 21,957 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is true about splenic artery? | Splenic artery branches from the celiac artery and follows a course superior to the pancreas.
Splenic artery gives off branches to the stomach and pancreas before reaching the spleen.
The short gastric artery is through the upper part of the greater curvature of stomach and fundus of the stomach.
Some other branches ar... | 21,958 | medmcqa_train |
A 28-year-old female visits the outpatient clinic to receive the required physical examination for an insurance policy. Physical and laboratory examinations give evidence that she is probably a normal, healthy woman. A radiograph of the patient is shown. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? | (c) Source: GAS 316-317; GA 142-143, 162 Because physical and laboratory tests show a normal, healthy woman, the anomaly of the radiograph would be expected to be benign. Riedel's lobe is a normal variation of the liver, often an inferior extension of the right lobe of the liver, lateral to the gallbladder that extends... | 21,959 | medmcqa_train |
Seizures caused by ciprofloxacin are exacerbated when which drug is given concomitantly? | K.D Tripathy essentials of medical pharmacology 7th edition . *NSAIDs can enhance the CNS toxicity of FQs (ciprofloxacin):seizures are repoed. | 21,960 | medmcqa_train |
Features of essential hypeension- | Ans. is `a' i.e., Concentric hyperophy of LV; 'b' i.e., T hea size; 'c' i.e., ls Size of hea muscleAdaptations in hea The cardiac myocyte is terminally differentiated cell that is not able to divide.Myocardium cannot undergo hyperplasia, i.e. increase in the number of myocyte.So, myocardium can adapt by increasing the ... | 21,961 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the folowing statements about calendar method (Rhythm method) is false : | Ans. is a i.e Abstinence is needed for only a few days in the month Calendar method or Rhythm method Basis - avoidance of sexual intercourse around ovulation In a 28 days cycle ovulation normally occurs on the 14" day of cycle, but may occur at anytime between the 12" and 16'h day. Spermatozoa deposited in female genit... | 21,962 | medmcqa_train |
The child can Imitate scribbling at the age of ________ | Emerging patterns of Adaptive milestones from 1-5years of age 15months Makes a tower of 3 cubes Makes a line with a crayon Inses raisin in a bottle 18months Makes a tower of 4 cubes Imitates scribbling Imitates veical stroke Dumps raisin from a bottle 24months Makes a tower of 7 cubes (6 at 21 mo) Scribbles in a circul... | 21,963 | medmcqa_train |
Gland of Moll opens in/on the ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Hair follicle GLANDS OF EYELIDS : Meibomian glands : These are also known as tarsal glands and are present in the stroma of tarsal plate arranged veically. They are modified sebaceous glands. Their ducts open at the lid margin. Their secretion constitutes the oily layer of the tear film. Glands of Zei... | 21,964 | medmcqa_train |
Borrelia undergoes antigenic variation due to: | Ans. is. 'a' i. e., Plasmids | 21,965 | medmcqa_train |
A 60-year-old man from a poor socioeconomic environment is admitted with an acute illness characterized by mental disturbances. On examination, he has bilateral sixth nerve palsy and an ataxic gait. Which of the following is the most appropriate treatment? | The patient has Wernicke's encephalopathy and requires treatment with thiamine. A delay of a few hours may permit progression to psychosis. The eye findings in Wernicke's encephalopathy include bilateral (but not necessarily symmetrical) abductor weakness or paralysis, horizontal diplopia, strabismus, and nystagmus. Th... | 21,966 | medmcqa_train |
Lipofuscin is associated with- | Ans is 'a' i.e. Brown atrophy o Deposition of lipofuscin in the heart is referred as brown atrophy. | 21,967 | medmcqa_train |
All are measures of primordial prevention of hypeension, except - | Primordial prevention is to reduce the incidence of a disease in a population by reducing the risk of onset i:e, restrain smoking, regular exercise, dietary changes. *Identification of Hypeensive is secondary prevention. Ref- Park&;s textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine 24th edition. . | 21,968 | medmcqa_train |
Retarder in zinc oxide eugenol is | Setting Time and Factors Affecting ZOE:
The normal reactivity between zinc oxide and eugenol is very limited and must be accelerated in order for the material to have a practical clinical application. Acceleration of the set may be achieved by:
Incorporating chemical accelerators in the mix (the most efficient and pre... | 21,969 | medmcqa_train |
Amphotericin B has the following unwanted effects | Renal impairment occurs in nearly all patients treated with clinically significantdoses of amphotericin.. varying degree of anaemia due to reduced erythropoietin production by damaged renal tubular cellsBasic and clinical pharmacology Katzung 13th edition pg 828 | 21,970 | medmcqa_train |
Retina is part of- | Ans. is 'a' i.e., CNS * Retina is a part of CNS and develops along with CNS.* Retina develops from walls of optic cup. The outer thinner layer becomes retinal pigmented epithelium and inner thicker layer forms neural layer of retina. | 21,971 | medmcqa_train |
Flumazenil used in:(1640-CMDT-2007) (400-KDT 6th)) | (Benzodiazepine overdose) (2568-H 16th) (1389-CMDT-2009) (400-KDT 6th)FLUMAZENIL - may reverse benzodiazepine induced coma flumazenil should NOT be given if the patient has coingested atricyclic antidepressant, is a user of high dose benzo diazepines or has a seizure disorder - precipitale seizures.* Flumazenil is a GA... | 21,972 | medmcqa_train |
TOS for penicillin resistant gonorrhoea | Complicated gonococcal infections ate treated with ceftriaxone1 g IM OD x 7 days. Or cefixime 400 mg BD X 7days. From illustrated synopsis of dermatology and sexually transmitted diseases neena khanna 5th edition page no 338 | 21,973 | medmcqa_train |
Changes in middle ear after birth are observed in- | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Werdin's test * Werdin's test: Before birth middle ear contains gelatinous embryonic tissue which is replaced by air after respiratioTests used in infanticidePloucquet's test:* Weight of lung is measured in relation to body wieght. Before birth weight of lung is 1/70 of body weight and after respirati... | 21,974 | medmcqa_train |
25 year old labourer 3 years back presented with penile ulcer not treated. Later he presented with neurological symptoms for which he got treated. Test to monitor response to treatment is ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., VDRL . Neurological symptoms in a patient with history of untreated ulcer 3 years back suggests the diagnosis of neurosyphilis. To fuher clear the doubts, all the given options are serological tests for syphilis. So, the examiner is asking about the syphilis for sure. . It has alreadys been explained ... | 21,975 | medmcqa_train |
Transverse fracture of the patella with separation of fragments is best treated by | D i.e. Open reduction with Kirschner wire fixation of the fragment an tension band wiring | 21,976 | medmcqa_train |
What is the most common presentation in cystic fibrosis? | Feature Percentage of cases Acute or persistent respiratory symptoms 50.5 Failure to thrive, malnutrition 42.9 Abnormal stools 35.0 Meconium ileus, intestinal obstruction 18.8 Family history 16.8 Electrolyte acid-base abnormality 5.4 Nasal polyps; sinus disease 2.0 Hepatobiliary disease 0.9 | 21,977 | medmcqa_train |
Protein A of staph aureus is part of bacterial? | ANSWER: (B) Cell wallREF: Jawetz Microbiology, 24th Ed, Ch. 20Protein A is a cell wall component of many S aureus strains that binds to the Fc portion of IgG molecules except IgG3. The Fab portion of IgG bound to protein A is free to combine with a specific antigen. Protein A has become an important reagent in immunolo... | 21,978 | medmcqa_train |
A 6 year old female child reported with a chief complaint of proclined upper anteriors. Parents give a history of prolonged bottle-feeding and a persistent thumb sucking habit. Clinical examination reveals anterior open bite with proclined upper anterior and retroclined lower anterior teeth and associated tongue thrust... | Approach to Thumb-sucking treatment
During treatment, the child should be given an opportunity to stop the habit spontaneously before the permanent teeth erupt. Delay until the early school-age years, allows spontaneous discontinuation of the habit due to peer pressure. If it is not discontinued, the treatment should g... | 21,979 | medmcqa_train |
Bidextrous grasp is seen at what age? | 3 months - Holds an object when placed in hands 4 months - Tries to reach for an object, but overshoots 5 months - Bidextrous grasp 6 months - Unidextrous/palmar grasp 7 months - Transfers objects from 1 hand to another 9 months - Immature/Assisted pincer grasp 12 months - Mature/ Unassisted pincer grasp | 21,980 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following drugs cause oligospermia ? | Sulfasalazine can cause a reversible infertility in males owing to changes in sperm number and morphology. | 21,981 | medmcqa_train |
Risk of transmission from single percutaneous exposure to blood for HIV is:- | Risk of transmission from single percutaneous exposure to blood for: * HBV: 6-30% * HIV: 0.1-0.36% * HCV: 2.7-10% | 21,982 | medmcqa_train |
A single cell within a culture of freshly isolated cardiac muscle cells is injected with a fluorescent dye that cannot cross cell membranes. Within minutes, several adjacent cells became fluorescent. The most likely explanation for this observation is the presence of | Gap junctions are pores composed of paired connexons that allow the passage of ions, nucleotides, and other small molecules between cells.Ref: Guyton; 13th edition | 21,983 | medmcqa_train |
Causative agent of Yaws is? | ANSWER: (A) Treponema pertenueREF: Harrison's 17th ed table 163-1FeatureVenereal SyphilisYawsEndemic SyphilisPintaOrganismT. pallidum subsp. pallidumT. pallidum subsp. pertenueT. pallidum subsp. endemicumT. carateumMode of transmissionSexual, transplacentalSkin-to-skinHousehold contacts: mouth-to-mouth or via shared dr... | 21,984 | medmcqa_train |
In xerophthalmia classification X2 stage is - | xeraphthalmia:- *The most characteristic and specific signs of vitamin A deficiency are eye lesions. *These develop before the age of 2years. *The term xerophthalmia comprises all the occular manifestations of vitamin A deficiency. WHO classification (1982) *The new xerophthalmia classification is as follows: *XN Night... | 21,985 | medmcqa_train |
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma presents as: | (b) Mass in neck(Ref. Cummings, 6th ed., 1425; Scott Brown, 8th ed., Vol 3; 97)Nearly 75% of patients of nasopharyngeal carcinoma present with painless cervical lymphadenopathy of mainly the upper deep cervical lymph node. | 21,986 | medmcqa_train |
For a new-born baby with squint surgery should be done at: | Ans. 3-4 years | 21,987 | medmcqa_train |
BA lady with abdominal mass was investigated. On surgery, she was found to have b/1 ovarian masses with smooth surface. On microscopy they revealed mucin secreting cells with signet ring shapes. What is your diagnosis? | Ans. (b) Krukenberg tumour(Ref: Robbin's Pathology 9th Ed/Pg 1032; Robbin's Pathology 8th ED/PG 1050; Shaw's Textbook of Gynaecology 15/e pg 425)Krukenberg Tumor*Refers to a metastatic bilateral ovarian malignancy whose primary site is GIT or breast. Q*Composed of cellular or myxomatous stroma with scattered mucin-prod... | 21,988 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following types of shock will have high cardiac output | Distributive shock describes the pattern of cardiovascular responses characterising a variety of conditions including septic shock, anaphylaxis and spinal cord injury. Inadequate organ perfusion is accompanied by vascular dilatation with hypotension, low systemic vascular resistance, inadequate afterload and a resultin... | 21,989 | medmcqa_train |
Intermediate metabolite in TCA cycle are A/E: | All of the above | 21,990 | medmcqa_train |
According to Ferriman Gallwey scoring system - hirsutism is diagnosed when score is more than : | Ferriman and Gallwey described scoring system in 9 body areas Scale of 0-4 Quantifies hair growth Score of > 8 is defined as hirsutism Ref: SHAW&;S TEXTBOOK OF GYNAECOLOGY; 15 TH EDITION; PG NO:115 | 21,991 | medmcqa_train |
Vitamin for which RDA is based on protein intake is: | Ans. C. Pyridoxine(Ref: Harper 31/e page 533-540)The RDA of Pyridoxine is dependent on Protein intake.The RDA of Thiamine is dependent of Carbohydrate intake. | 21,992 | medmcqa_train |
A person has unprotected sex 3 weeks back. To rule out HIV infection the best test is- | Ans. is 'a' i.e., p24 antigen assay Laboratory diagnosis of HIV infectiono Laboratory diagnosis is made by :A) Antibody detection# It is the most common method used for diagnosis of HIV infection.# ELISA is the most sensitive test and therefore is the serening test of choice.# Western blot is the most specific (Confirm... | 21,993 | medmcqa_train |
Most common cause of genu valgum in children is ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Rickets o Genu valgum (also known as knock knee) is a condition where knees are abnormally approximated and ankles are abnormally divergent. o It is caused due to softening of bones or damage to lateral Femoral epiphysis Out of given options ? o Most common cause in children is Rickets. o Other diseas... | 21,994 | medmcqa_train |
The CFTR gene associated with cystic fibrosis is located on chromosome: | CFTR gene associated with cystic fibrosis is located on chromosome 7 In patients with cystic fibrosis blockage of the movement of ions and, therefore, water into and out of cells leads to the production of thick mucus. Absent vas deferens in males explains infeility in cystic fibrosis. | 21,995 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following statements about Brown Sequard Synndromes are true, except: | Proprioception is lost on the same side of lesion in Brown Sequard syndrome. Brown sequard syndrome or hemisection of the cord is associated with loss of posterior column sensations (vibration, joiny position sense, proprioception, fine touch) on the same side of lesion. Sensations transmitted by the anterolateral colu... | 21,996 | medmcqa_train |
Arborescent burns are seen in: September 2009 | Ans. B: Lightning stroke An almost pathognomonic cutaneous feature of lightning stroke is known as feathering/lightning prints/ Arborescent/ Filigree burns It comprises of linear, fernlike, superficial skin markings (also called keraunographic marks) that may disappear after 1-2 days. These cutaneous manifestations of ... | 21,997 | medmcqa_train |
Waldeyer's ring consists of all of the following except ? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Posterior auricular nodes o In relation to the oropharyngeal isthmus, there are several aggregations of lymphoid tissue that constitute the WALDEYER'S lymphatic ring.o The most important aggregations are the right and left palatine tonsils,o Posteriorly and above is the pharyngeal tonsil,o Laterally a... | 21,998 | medmcqa_train |
Leucocoria is seen in all except | In congenital glaucoma the cornea is white due to edema as a result of increased IOP, but Leucocoria is not seen . Refer khurana 6/e 415 | 21,999 | medmcqa_train |
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