query stringlengths 1 1.57k | pos stringlengths 1 22.5k | idx int64 0 161k | task_name stringclasses 1
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The pseudo-isomorphic phenomenon is seen in | Koebner response or the isomorphic response, attributed to Heinrich Kobner, is the appearance of skin lesions on lines of trauma. The Koebner phenomenon may result from either a linear exposure or irritation. Pseudokoebner phenomenon-Conditions demonstrating linear lesions after a linear exposure to a causative agent i... | 7,400 | medmcqa_train |
Movement of protein from nucleus to cytoplasm can be seen by | B i.e. FRAPFRAP (fluorescence recovery after photobleaching) primarily measures rate of lateral diffusion of lipids and it can be used to investigate diffusion of biological macromolecules (such as proteins etc) including lateral diffusion in the plane of membrane and movements into & out of nucleus.- FRET is used to v... | 7,401 | medmcqa_train |
Sensitivity of a screening test indicates: September 2006 | Ans. D: True positive | 7,402 | medmcqa_train |
All are features of Alzheimer's disease except | Alzheimer's disease (AD), also referred to simply as Alzheimer's, is a chronic neurodegenerative disease that usually stas slowly and gradually worsens over time.It is the cause of 60-70% of cases of dementia. Gradually, bodily functions are lost, ultimately leading to death.[Although the speed of progression can vary,... | 7,403 | medmcqa_train |
The Lipid which accumulates in fatty liver is | Fatty liver refers to the deposition of excess triglycerides in the liver cells. The balance between the factors causing fat deposition in liver versus factors causing removal of fat from liver determines the outcome.Causes of Fatty LiverA. Causes of fat deposition in liver1. Mobilization of NEFA from adipose tissue.2.... | 7,404 | medmcqa_train |
A patient having glaucoma develops blepharoconjunctivitis after instilling some anti-glaucoma drug. Which of the following drug can be responsible for it: | Allergic blepharoconjunctivitis is a side effect of beta blockers. Ref: Essentials of Medical Pharmacology By K D Tripathi, 4th Edition, Page 95 | 7,405 | medmcqa_train |
Standard in perimetry ? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Goldman type III Projected stimuli in perimetry are usually white and of variable size and intensity. There are five different sizes on Goldmann scale designated by Roman numeral Ito V. The standard used in both manual and automated perimetry is Goldman III (0.05" and area of 4mm2). o Failure to recog... | 7,406 | medmcqa_train |
Visual acuity in infants is tested with the help of | . | 7,407 | medmcqa_train |
NOT a feature of hypothyroidism is ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Sho metacarpal in hands Hypothyroidism o Hypothyroidism results from deficient production of thyroid hormone or a defect in thyroid hormone receptor activity. o Hypothyroidism may be : - i) Congenital --> Present since bih ii) Acquired --> Symptoms appear after a period of apparently normal thyroid fu... | 7,408 | medmcqa_train |
Dowry death is defined under section | Dowry death is defined under section 304 B *According to this if husband or his relative subjects the woman to cruelty or harassment in demand of dowry within 7 years of marriage,they shall be deemed to have caused her death *The punishment for such cases is improvement for not less than 7 years,but may be extended to ... | 7,409 | medmcqa_train |
Renal transplantation is most commonly done in - | Renal transplantation is the preferred treatment for many patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD), because it provides a better quality of life for them than dialysis.
The most common causes of ESRD (in decreasing order) are:
Diabetes mellitus
Hypertension
Glomerulonephritis | 7,410 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following are derived from glycerol 3 phosphate, EXCEPT: | Impoant substances such as triacylglycerols, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, and cardiolipin, a constituent of mitochondrial membranes, are formed from glycerol-3-phosphate. Ref: Harper 28th edition, Chapter 24. | 7,411 | medmcqa_train |
Which inhalational agent is used in patients with raised intra cranial tension? | Isoflurane causes least vasodialation and hence helps to moderate the cerebral blood flow. It reduces the ICT and hence is useful in neurosurgery. It is more potent than halothane and has rapid onset of action and induction. Reference 1. Quick Review of Pharmacology, By Dr J G Buch, Page 204 | 7,412 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following statements about vigabatrin is TRUE? | (Ref: KDT 6/e p410) Vigabatrin act by inhibiting the enzyme GABA transaminase (involved in breakdown of CABA). It is used for the treatment of paial and generalized seizures. It is also used to treat infantile spasms. Visual disturbances are very impoant adverse effect of this agent. | 7,413 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is used to study current flow across a single channel: | Patch clamp: measures ionic currents through a single ion channel. It has four configurations: Voltage clamp: whole cell voltage clamp measures currents across cell membranes. In using this apparatus, two electrodes are inseed into the nerve fiber. One of these electrodes is used to measure the voltage of the membrane ... | 7,414 | medmcqa_train |
In children with type IDM when is ophthalmologic evaluation indicated | Ophthalmologic examination should be conducted once the child is >10 yr of age and has had diabetes for 3 -5 year. Annual follow up should suggest. Reference: OP Ghai,essential paediatrics,8 th edition, page no 546 | 7,415 | medmcqa_train |
Which among the following is considered as a hallmark of the fibrogenic repair: | Granulation tissue is the hallmark of the fibrogenic repair. | 7,416 | medmcqa_train |
Parasympathetic supply to lacrimal glands are passed through - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Greater petrosal nerve o Secretomotor (parasympathetic) fibers to lacrimal gland travel through greater petrosal nerve.GangliaSensory rootSympathetic rootSecretomotor rootMotor rootDistributionCiliaryFrom nasociliary nervePlexus along ophthalmic artery-Edinger-Westphal nucleus - oculomotor nerve - ner... | 7,417 | medmcqa_train |
Samter's triad is related to - | Ans, is 'a' i.e., Ethmoid polypSamter-s triado Samtef s triad is a medical condition consisting of asthma, aspirin sensitivity-, and nasal/ethmoidal polyposis. It occurs in middle age (twenties and thirties are the most common onset times) and may not include any allergies,o Most commonly the first symptom is rhinitis.... | 7,418 | medmcqa_train |
The most common cause of seizures in a patient of AIDS is | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Toxoplasmosis Neurological manifestations of H.I.V. AIDS dementia complex (HIV encephalopathy) is a result of direct effects of HIV on CNS (not an oppounistic disease). It is subcoical dementia. Most common cause of seizures --> Toxoplasma Most common cause of meningitis --> Cryptococcus M.C. cause of... | 7,419 | medmcqa_train |
Increased levels of alanine in serum after fasting is primarily due to: | Ans. a. Met loss of muscle protein due to increased breakdown (Ref: Ganong 24/e p21)Increased levels of alanine in serum after fasting are primarily due to net loss of muscle protein due to increased breakdown."The quantity of carbohydrate normally stored in the entire body can supply the energy required for body funct... | 7,420 | medmcqa_train |
The thickness of the cornea is measured by using – | Pachymetry is used to measure thickness of cornea. | 7,421 | medmcqa_train |
Which is not a substrate for gluconeogenesis? | Substrate for gluconeogenesis are: -glucogenic amino acids, lactate, glycerol, propionyl CoA Glucose cannot be produced from fatty acidRef: DM Vasudevan, 7th edition, page no: 120 | 7,422 | medmcqa_train |
What does indicate in the following partograph indicators? | Ans. B. Moderate uterine contractionsThe partograph is a graphical presentation of the progress of labor, and of fetal and maternal condition during labor.It is the best tool to help you detect whether labor is progressing normally or abnormally, and to warn you as soon as possible if there are signs of fetal distress ... | 7,423 | medmcqa_train |
Fenton reaction leads to free radical generation when - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Ferrous ions converted to ferric ions o Free radicals are generated through Fenton's reaction.o In this reaction iron is converted from its ferrous to ferric form and a free radical is generated,o The effect of these reactive species relevant to cells injury include;Lipid peroxidation of membranesOxid... | 7,424 | medmcqa_train |
A 70 kg patient needs to be staed on nitroglycerine (NTG) infusion. A 5 ml ampoule contains 5 mg/ml NTG. One ampoule is added to normal saline and to make a total of 500 ml solution. Calculate the rate of infusion if NTG is required at a rate of 10 mcg/min. (1 micro drip = 60 drops/ml ) | Dose to be given = 10 mcg/min As, one ampoule (5 ml) is mixed with normal saline to make 500 ml volume, Means 500 ml of solution contains = 5*5 = 25 mg NTG = 25000 mcg NTG 25mg -----500ml 1mg----500/25 10mcg -10*10 -3-----0.2ml So, we need to infuse 0.2 ml/min of the solution As, 1 ml = 60 drops So, 0.2 ml = 60/1 * 0.2... | 7,425 | medmcqa_train |
Methyl alcohol causes blindness by affecting which of the following structures? | Methyl alcohol is oxidized by alcohol dehydrogenase into formic acid and formaldehyde. Formic acid by inhibiting cytochrome oxidase is toxic to neurons especially retinal ganglion cells. In methanol poisoning vision loss begins 12 hours or more after ingestion and progress to complete blindness with unreactive pupils a... | 7,426 | medmcqa_train |
Pemberton’s sign is elicited | It is used for or large retrosternal goitres. | 7,427 | medmcqa_train |
Most common part of larynx involved in TB - | Ans. is 4b' i.e., Posterior o Disease affects the posterior third of larynx more commonly than anterior part.o The parts affected in descending order of frequency are i) Interarytenoid fold, ii) Ventricular band, iii) Vocal cords,iv) Epiglottis.o Also see above explanation. | 7,428 | medmcqa_train |
In Barter's Syndrome, what is seen- | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Hypokalemia o In Bartter's syndrome the B.P. is low to normal despite increased level of aldosterone.Pathogenesis of Bartter Syndrome|Defect in sodium chloride and potasium transportin the ascending loop of henle|Loss of sodium and chloride|Volume contraction|Stimulation of Renin angiotensin|Increased... | 7,429 | medmcqa_train |
A 6 months old child woke up in night, crying with ahdominal pain, which got relieved on passing red stool. What is the most likely diagnosis? | Ans. b. Intussusception (Ref; Ghai 8/e p287; Sabiston 19/e p1851; Schwartz 9/e p1433-I434; Bailey 26/e 1184. 1187, 1193. 25/e p1191, 1196. 1198; Shackelford 7/e p1059-106)Most likely diagnosis in a 6 months old child, who woke up in night, crying with abdominal pain, which got relieved on passing red stool, is intussus... | 7,430 | medmcqa_train |
Moure's sign can be detected in | Moure`s sign- Absence of Laryngeal click or crepitusClassical sign in post-cricoid malignancy.Bocca`s sign - is also an absence of post-cricoid click or crackle in cricoid malignancy.Ref: Hazarika; 3rd ed; Pg 534 | 7,431 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is x-linked recessive | Ans. is 'a' i.e., G-6-PD deficiency | 7,432 | medmcqa_train |
Heamorrhagic external otitis media is caused by: | Hemorrhagic external otitis media: (Otitis externa hemorrhagia) is caused by influenza virus. Characterised by formation of haemorrhagic bullae on tympanic membrane. Clinical features: severe pain and blood stained discharge. Treatment: Analgesics + antibiotics. | 7,433 | medmcqa_train |
Passive cutaneous anaphylaxis detect: | Ans. (a)Passive cutaneous anaphylaxis-in vivo method for detection of antibodies.Antigen injection intradermally then same antigen with a dye injected IV - after 4 to 24 hours - wheal flare reaction occurs in intradermal site.Helps to detect IgG ab which is heterocytotropic, not for IgM which is homocytotropic. | 7,434 | medmcqa_train |
Gout can be precipitated by all of the following | Ans. is 'd' i.e., High dose salicylates High dose Salicylates are uricosuric and do not cause Hyperuricemia. Diuretics including Thiazides and Furosemide are known to cause Hyperuricemia. Cyclosporine and Tacrolimus are also associated with Hyperuricemia. High Doses of Salicylates > 3.0 g/day are uricosuric, while Low ... | 7,435 | medmcqa_train |
Most common pox virus infection in human is - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Mulluscum contagiosum o Among the given options, smallpox (variola) virus and molluscum contagiosum affect human as their primary host.o Small pox has been eradicated,o Molluscum contagiosum is a common skin infection.Poxviruses causing disease in humansGenusVirusPrimary HostDisease VariolaHumanSmallp... | 7,436 | medmcqa_train |
True about immunoglobulins - | Of IgE is typically the least abundant isotype--blood serum IgE levels in a normal individual are only 0.05% of the Ig concentration Ref: Ananthanarayan & Panikers textbook of microbiology 9th edition pf:98 | 7,437 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following statements regarding ACE inhibitors is true? | Ans. (B) Omission of prior diuretic dose decreases the risk of postural hypotension(Ref: KDT 8th/e p531)Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACEI)*This group of drugs inhibits the enzyme kininase II or ACE. So, these drugs decrease the activity of RAAS and also potentiate the vasodilatory action of bradykinin. Bec... | 7,438 | medmcqa_train |
Serous Demilunes are present in large number in which gland | Serous demilunes are cellular formations in the shape of a half-moon on some salivary glands. It is a feature of mixed (seromucinous)glands like submandibular salivary glands. Theseare the serous cells at the distal end of mucous tubuloalveolar secretory unit of ceain glands. Type of glands: Parotid - serous gland Subl... | 7,439 | medmcqa_train |
A 25-year-old student with 20/20 vision looks up from his book to view his girlfriend sitting on the other side of the room. Which of the following is most likely to occur when the student changes his view from his book to his girlfriend? | Light rays from distant objects do not require as much refraction (bending) as do light rays from objects close at hand. Therefore, a thinner lens with less curvature is required for viewing distant objects. The process of accommodation adjusts the thickness of the lens for near and far vision by contracting or relaxin... | 7,440 | medmcqa_train |
Dilutional hyponatremia is seen in ? | Answer- B. VincristineAcute kidney injury (AKI) (ARF)CirrhosisNephrotic syndromeCardiac failureAnti cancer drugs | 7,441 | medmcqa_train |
A 7 year old boy presented with generalized edema. Urine examination revealed marked albuminuria. Serum biochemical examinations showed hypoalbuminaemia with hyperlipidemia. Kidney biopsy was undeaken. On light microscopic examination, the kidney appeared normal. Electron microscopic examination is most likely to revea... | This is a case of minimal change disease(MCD) On biopsy-no lesion is seen by light microscopy, negative for deposits by immunofluorescent microscopy -so it is also called nil lesion. On electron microscopy -effacement of foot processes suppoing Glomerular cells(podocytes) with weakening of slit pore membranes is seen. ... | 7,442 | medmcqa_train |
Virchows method of organ removal is | METHOD OF REMOVAL OF ORGANS. Virchow's technique- Organs are removed one by one, Cranial cavity is exposed first, followed by thoracic,cervical and abdominal organs. Spinal cord is removed from the back. Rokitansky's technique- It involves in situ dissection in pa, combined with en block removal. Letulle's technique- C... | 7,443 | medmcqa_train |
A 36-year-old woman is admitted to the hospital with severe head injuries after a car crash. During neurologic examination it is noted that her uvula is deviated to the right. Which of the following muscles is paralyzed? | The uvula would move toward the intact right side. This is because the intact levator veli palatini would be unopposed by the opposite, paralyzed left levator veli palatini. | 7,444 | medmcqa_train |
Savita is 35 years female with Gravida-2 and parity 1+0 is suffering from hepatic encephalopathy. Likely cause will be - | Ans. is 'b' i.e. Hepatitis E (Ref. Dutta, 6/e, p 292 (5/e, p. 308), Robbins illustrated, 6/e, p. 862).Hepatitis E infection has a benign course in normal individuals just like hepatitis A but once it infects a pregnant female it shows its ugly face. It then causes fulminant hepatitis in a large % of pregnant females le... | 7,445 | medmcqa_train |
Which RNA has splicing activity | sn RNA (small nuclear RNA) acts as Ribozyme. (RNA with enzymatic activity) It has splicing activity and is involved in mRNA processing. | 7,446 | medmcqa_train |
Which specimen shouldn't be refrigerated before primary innoculation? | Ref: Ananthnarayan R. Paniker CKJ. Textbook of Microbiology. 8th Edition. Hyderabad: Universities Press; 2009. Pg. 332Explanation:Haemophilus influenzae is an important cause of meningitis.The disease is more common in children between two months and three years of age. Infections are caused by the capsulated strains, ... | 7,447 | medmcqa_train |
Glomular filtration rate increases if: September 2005 | Ans. C: Increased renal blood flow GFR = Kf x Net filtration pressure Net filtration pressure represents the sum of the hydrostatic and colloid osmotic forces that either our/oppose filtration across glomerular capillaries Hydrostatic pressure inside the glomerular capillaries (PGC) - Promotes filtration Hydrostatic pr... | 7,448 | medmcqa_train |
A 65-year-old woman undergoes a kidney transplant for CKD. 6 weeks after the transplant, she develops CMV infection characterized by fever, malaise, and myalgias. Which of the following is a potential sequela of CMV infection? | Viral infections are the most common infection post transplantation. These include infections by cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), herpes simplex virus, and varicella zoster virus. CMV infections presents as fever, malaise, myalgia, ahralgia, and leukopenia. Organ involvement leads to pneumonitis; ulcera... | 7,449 | medmcqa_train |
Anterior lenticonus is found in – | Anterior lenticonus is seen in Alport's syndrome and posterior lenticonus is seen in Lowe's syndrome. | 7,450 | medmcqa_train |
Procalcitonin is used as marker of | ref Harrison 18/e p3419 Procalcitonin is an acute phase reactant which is now useful for being a marker of sepsis Procalcitonin (PCT) is a biomarker that exhibits greater specificity than other proinflammatory markers (eg, cytokines) in identifying patients with sepsis and can beused in the diagnosis of bacterial infec... | 7,451 | medmcqa_train |
If we say that here is no significant association between two variable and if truly an association exists. Then it is called: | Null hypothesis (H0) there is No significant association In the given question, In reality an association exists, So Null hypothesis is false We say no significant association exists, so we are accepting Null hypothesis Hence its Type II error | 7,452 | medmcqa_train |
In case of hanging neck ligature marks are example of - | The synopsis of forensic medicine & toxicology - Dr k.s.narayan reddy ;28th edition; Pg no. 105 Also called crushing or friction abrasion. The are caused by crushing of superficial layer of epidermis & are associated with bruise of the surrounding area . occurs when movement of instrument is around 90deg to the skin .h... | 7,453 | medmcqa_train |
A 23 year old male who is otherwise normal complains of mild pain in his right iliac fossa in a waveform pattern which increases during the night and he becomes exhausted and is admitted in the hospital. On examination there is mild hematuria. Urine examination reveals plenty of RBCs, 50WBCs/hpf. Urine pH is 5.5. Most ... | Ans. is 'c' ie. Ureteral calculus The patient's clinical picture is typical of ureteric calculus.Colicky renal pain associated with hematuria is suggestive of ureteric stone although a clot from a bleeding renal tumor can cause the same type of pain.A ureteric calculus pain is almost invariably associated with hematuri... | 7,454 | medmcqa_train |
A 67-year-old, 60-kg homeless man has been in the intensive care unit (ICU) for a week after an emergency laparotomy and sigmoid resection for perforated diverticulitis. His serum albumin is 1.1 g/dL. He was just weaned from mechanical ventilation. His colostomy is not functioning. You start total parenteral nutrition ... | Rapid institution of full nutritional support can cause "refeeding syndrome" in malnourished patients. The hall mark of this condition is hypophosphatemia. Phosphate is taken up by phosphate-depleted cells trying to metabolize the nutrition and levels of ATP fall precipitously. This leads to respiratory failure. Refeed... | 7,455 | medmcqa_train |
All are USG findings of PCOS except | Cysts arrange around the periphery of ovary giving Necklace of pearl appearance on USG is Characteristic of PCOD Rotterdam PCOS Diagnostic Criteria for PCOS diagnosis : The presence of two of the three criteria is sufficient to diagnosis PCOS: menstrual cycle anomalies (amenorrhea, oligomenorrhea), clinical and/or bioc... | 7,456 | medmcqa_train |
Surfactant lining the alveoli | The low surface tension when the alveoli are small is due to the presence in the fluid lining the alveoli of surfactant, a lipid surface-tension-lowering agent. If the surface tension is not kept low when the alveoli become smaller during expiration, they collapse in accordance with the law of Laplace. | 7,457 | medmcqa_train |
Immersion syndrome occurs due to ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Vagal inhibition Types of drowning Drowning is classified as (1) typical and (2) atypical. 1. Typical drowning (wet drowning) Typical drowning refers to obstruction of air passages and lungs by inhalation of water or other fluid. Therefore it is also called wet drowning and findings offluid and froth ... | 7,458 | medmcqa_train |
Oesophagus supplied by oesophageal branches of all except | Aerial Supply of esophagus:1. The cervical pa including the segment up to the arch of aoa is supplied by the inferior thyroid aeries.2. The thoracic pa is supplied by the oesophageal branches of the aoa.3.The abdominal pa is supplied by the oesophageal branches of the left gastric aery.Ref: BD Chaurasia; Volume 1; 6th ... | 7,459 | medmcqa_train |
Single best parameter to assess gestational age in first trimester? | Best parameter to assess gestational age- First trimester - CRL (Crown Rump Length) Second trimester - BPD (Biparietal Diameter) Third trimester - BPD (Biparietal Diameter) Best Overall - CRL (Crown Rump Length) | 7,460 | medmcqa_train |
All are the features of an acute attack of primary narrow-angle glaucoma except: | Ans. Disc shows glaucomatous cupping | 7,461 | medmcqa_train |
All are true for sublingual route except ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., All drugs can be given Sublingual route of administration The tablet or pellet containing the drug is placed under the tongue or crushed in the mouth and spread over the buccal mucosa. Only the lipid soluble and non-irritating drugs can be administered by this route Absoption is rapid and action can b... | 7,462 | medmcqa_train |
Libmansach's endocaritis is associated with? | Ans. B. SLE. (Ref. Robbings pathology 8th/pg. 408).Robbin's pathology 8th/pg. 408# Libman-Sacks endocarditis refers to sterile vegetations that can develop on the valves of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.Libman-Sacks Endocarditis# These lesions presumably occur because of immune complex deposition and thus ... | 7,463 | medmcqa_train |
Epimers of glucose | When sugars are different from one another, only in configuration with regard to a single carbon atom, other than the reference carbon atom, they are called epimers. For example, glucose and mannose are an epimeric pair which differs only with respect to C2. Similarly, galactose is the 4th epimer of glucose. (Fig. 6.4)... | 7,464 | medmcqa_train |
Immediate treatment of hypercalcemia of malignancy is: | Ans. (A) IV fluids(Ref: Harrison 19th/610; KDt 8/e p370)Management of hypercalcemia of malignancyDrug of choiceBisphosphonatesImmediate treatmentIV fluids with furosemideFastest calcium lowering drugCalcitonin | 7,465 | medmcqa_train |
Immunosuppressive drugs are less effective in which type of graft rejection ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Acute humoral rejectionBecause most clinically available immunosuppressive drugs target T-cells, they or inefective in antibody mediated rejection". | 7,466 | medmcqa_train |
Reinke crystals are found in | Hilus cell tumor: Rare virilizing tumor Arises from cells in the ovarian hilum Presence of Reinke crystals in the cells is the distinguishing feature of leydig or interstitial cells of testis Ref: Shaw Gynecology 17e pg 449. | 7,467 | medmcqa_train |
Combination of Nifedipine with what other tocolytic agent can potentially cause dangerous neuromuscular blockade. | Magnesium sulphate when used with nifedipine can cause neuromuscullar blockade that can interfere with pulmonary and cardiac function. | 7,468 | medmcqa_train |
A 32 year old person comes to the hospital after 2 weeks of the onset of diarrhoea. Diagnosis of typhoid can be confirmed with | Diagnosis done in
1st week - Blood culture
2nd week - Widal / Antibodies level
2rd week - Stool culture
4th week - Urine culture | 7,469 | medmcqa_train |
Goodpasture's disease is characteraized by all except- | Goodpasture syndrome (GPS), also known as anti-glomerular basement membrane disease, is a rare autoimmune disease in which antibodies attack the basement membrane in lungs and kidneys, leading to bleeding from the lungs and kidney failure. It is thought to attack the alpha-3 subunit of type IV collagen, which has there... | 7,470 | medmcqa_train |
Best diagnosis for dissecting aoa is: | Ans. MRI | 7,471 | medmcqa_train |
Myocardial isonzyme of CK which is specific for myocardial infarction is | within 4–6 hrs after development of acute MI, peaks during the 2nd day (4 fold rise) and disappears in 2–3 days. Other causes of total CK elevation:
1. Skeletal diseases – Polymyositis, Muscle dys- trophy, Myopathies
2. Electrical cardioversion
3. Skeletal muscle damage – trauma, convulsions, immobilisation
4. Hypoth... | 7,472 | medmcqa_train |
The shape of septal cailage is: | The septal nasal cailage, (cailage of the septum or quadrangular cailage) is composed of hyaline cailage. It is somewhat quadrilateral in form, thicker at its margins than at its center, and completes the separation between the nasal cavities in front. | 7,473 | medmcqa_train |
Duret hemorrhage is seen in? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Brain stem Duret hemorrhage is small areas of bleeding in the ventral and paramedian pas of the upper brain stem. Causes include acute trauma, edema following trauma, abscess or tumor | 7,474 | medmcqa_train |
First step to be done in case of variceal bleeding- | Ans. is 'b' i.e., iv crystalloides Initial resuscitation is usually with isotonic crystalloid solutions. A minimum of 6 units of blood are typed and crossmatched for most patients. If PT is prolonged more than 3 seconds, fresh frozen plasma is a component of the resuscitation volume.Endoscopy to determine cause of blee... | 7,475 | medmcqa_train |
Bishop scoring is done for ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Induction of labour Bishop score, also Bishop's score, also known as cervix score is a pre-labor scoring system to assist in predicting whether induction of labor will be required. The total score is achieved by assessing the following five components on vaginal examination: Cervical dilation Cervical... | 7,476 | medmcqa_train |
The following condition of GB is precancerous - | Gallbladders containing stones or infectious agents develop cancer as a result of irritative trauma and chronic inflammation. Carcinogenic derivatives of bile acids also may play a role.
Porcelain gallbladder increases the risk of cancer.
Choledochal cysts predispose to stone formation, stenosis and stricture, pancreat... | 7,477 | medmcqa_train |
In Diabetes, What happens to RQ: | Respiratory Quotient (RQ) Calculation of RQ of Glucose (carbohydrates): Oxidation of glucose in body: C6H1206 + 602 - 6C02 + 6H20 So, RQ = 6/6 = 1 RQ VALUES for different food components: Carbohydrates - 1 Proteins - 0.8 Fats - 0.74 Mixed diet - 0.85 Brain - 0.97 - 0.99 RQ TELLS US Type of macromolecules used in the bo... | 7,478 | medmcqa_train |
Which will the patient with following peripheral smear and X-ray spine present with? | Ref: Harsh Mohan, Textbook of Pathology, 7th ed. pg. 294-96The X-ray spine shows fish shaped vertebra with peripheral smear showing sickle shaped RBCs. The presence of sickling crisis lead to Hand-Foot syndrome is characterized by painful infarcts of the digits and dactylitis. | 7,479 | medmcqa_train |
All form the boundaries of ovarian fossa, except ? | Each ovary lies in ovarian fossa an the lateral pelvic wall which is bounded :-i) Anteriorly : Obliterated umblical aeryii) Posteriorly : Ureter and internal iliac aery | 7,480 | medmcqa_train |
Alzheimer's disease, which is involved? | Alzheimer's disease (AD), also referred to simply as Alzheimer's, is a chronic neurodegenerative disease that usually stas slowly and gradually worsens over time.It is the cause of 60-70% of cases of dementia.The most common early symptom is difficulty in remembering recent events.As the disease advances, symptoms can ... | 7,481 | medmcqa_train |
Dupuytren's contracture is seen in | Dupuytren's contracture refers to localised thickening of palmar aponeurosis and later formation of nodules with severe permanent changes in metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints. It is often associated with the following conditions : * Plantar fasciitis 5%-Ledderhose's disease * Mediastinal and retro... | 7,482 | medmcqa_train |
Laparoscopy - pressure in the abdomen of children - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., 8-12 mm Hg * The optimal intrabdominal pressure for laproscopy in children has been established to be between 8-12 mm Hg, with neonates tolerating lower pressures than elders. | 7,483 | medmcqa_train |
It is true about H. Pylori that it - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Treatment prevent gastric lymphoma | 7,484 | medmcqa_train |
A 12-year-old girl with the mood and emotional liability has a golden brown discoloration in descemet membrane. Most likely diagnosis is: | b. Wilson's disease(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 1939-1940, Ghai 8/e p 320-321)KF ring in Wilson disease is due to deposition of Copper in the Descemet membrane layer of cornea. | 7,485 | medmcqa_train |
Digitalis does not increase which parameter of heart- | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Myocardial oxygen demand Effect of digitalis on hearto Main mechanism of action of digitalis is to increase in force of contraction of heart - a positive inotropic action.o Amongst given options, option d is the best choice - heart rate is decreased by digitalis and there is increase myocardial contra... | 7,486 | medmcqa_train |
Presbyopia occurs as a result of the following except | Presbyopia is multifactorial and is believed to result from poor ciliary muscle contraction with age and age-related sclerosis and loss of elasticity of the lens fibres and the lens capsule. | 7,487 | medmcqa_train |
Schistosoma japanicum resides in - | The adult worms of S.haematobium live primarily in the vesical and pelvic venous plexuses whereas S.japonicum and S.mansoni inhabit the superior mesentric vein and the inferior mesentric vein respectively (refer pgno:119 baveja 3 rd edition) | 7,488 | medmcqa_train |
Contents of mesorectum are all except | Mesorectum is enclosed by mesorectal fascia which is derived from the visceral peritoneum, and is also known as visceral fascia of mesorectum, fascia propria of rectum or presacral wing of hypogastric sheath Upper rectum is derived from the embryological hind gut, it is surrounded by mesorectum and its contents namely ... | 7,489 | medmcqa_train |
A 24-year-old male law student presents with a 3-wk history of increasing dyspnea. He has a history of chronic sputum production of about 100 cc of purulent material each day for many years. In the past, he was hospitalized for a left pneumothorax. He is on inhaled bronchodilator as an outpatient. CXR is shown below.Th... | This x-ray shows a bilateral cystic-appearing lesion with airfluid levels consistent with cystic bronchiectasis. The opacities are predominantly in the upper zones. There is hyperinflation with flattened diaphragm and areas of hyperlucency in the left upper lobe peripherally. This is consistent with chronic bronchiecta... | 7,490 | medmcqa_train |
Radiomimetric BACTEC detect growth of M tuberculosis in how much time ? | Ans. is `b' i.e., 2-3 weeks | 7,491 | medmcqa_train |
a benign epithelial cell neoplasm derived from non-glandular surfaces is referred to as: | Papillomas are benign, outward-growing lumps that may cause problems in some locations. Papillomas do not spread. They are not aggressive or cancerous.
It is important to get any lump or skin lesion seen by a doctor, though. This is to be sure that it is benign and not something to worry about. If a lump turns out to b... | 7,492 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following are reasons for reducing drug dosage in elderly, EXCEPT: | Baroreceptor sensitivity decreases with aging. This decline in baroreceptor sensitivity alters the central nervous system control of sympathetic nervous outflow. Due to this insensitive baroreceptor, large change in blood pressure is needed to activate the baroreceptor and produce an appropriate compensatory response. ... | 7,493 | medmcqa_train |
Egg is ideal protein because it has – | Egg is ideal protein because it has high biological efficiency and NPU :
NPU for egg : 100 Fish : 77 Wheat : 51
NPU for meat : 80 Rice : 65 Pulses : 45-50
NPU for milk : 75 Soyabean : 55 | 7,494 | medmcqa_train |
Transpo of drug through biological membrane is through ? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., All of the above | 7,495 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following are true about peritoneal fluid, EXCEPT: | Normal amount of peritoneal fluid is less than 50 mL of free peritoneal fluid, with the following characteristics: Specific gravity below 1.016 Protein concentration less than 3 g/dL White blood cell count less than 3000/microL Complement-mediated antibacterial activity Lack of fibrinogen-related clot formation Periton... | 7,496 | medmcqa_train |
Most common nodule found in the liver is | Hemangioma Most common benign tumor of the liver Mainly seen in women of 45 years Small capillary hemangiomas(no clinical significance), larger cavernous hemangioma Usually single and <5 cm in diameter, occur equally in right and left liver Giant hemangioma: lesion>5cm Ref:Sabiston 20th edition Pgno :1456-1457 | 7,497 | medmcqa_train |
True about pyogenic liver abscess - | About 50% of hepatic abscesses are solitary. Their size may vary from less than a millimetre to several centimetres in diameter. It can be multiloculated or a single cavity. It usually involves the right lobe (~75%) Clinical features the classical description of the hepatic abscess is - fever, jaundice and . upper quad... | 7,498 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following drugs requires a dose adjustment in patient during radiotherapy in order to prevent radiation toxicity: March 2013 (h) | Ans. B i.e. Dactinomycin | 7,499 | medmcqa_train |
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